Sodium Glucose Co-transporters-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the recent addition to treatment strategies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). It is a non-insulin dependent anti-diabetic therapeutic approach that eliminates plasma glucose by urination. The study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on HbA1c levels and weight loss in responders and non-responders. In addition, the role of two significant variants, SLC5A2 (rs9934336) and UGT1A9 (rs72551330), affecting the inter-individual variation in response to SGLT2 inhibitors was evaluated in the study population. 200 confirmed T2DM patients on SGLT2 inhibitors were enrolled for the study. Patients with decreased HbA1c levels and body weight were categorized as responders, whereas the ones who did not show a significant decrease in these two parameters after treatment were categorised as non-responders. Association of HbA1c levels and weight loss before as well as after treatment with responders and non-responders was evaluated. Patients were screened for two significant variants, SLC5A2 (rs9934336) and UGT1A9 (rs72551330), affecting the inter-individual variation in response to SGLT2 inhibitors by Sanger Sequencing. A significant difference in HbA1c levels and weight was found in responders and non-responders before and after the treatment. However, both of the variants, SLC5A2 (rs9934336) and UGT1A9 (rs72551330), were not found to be significantly associated with the drug response. In conclusion, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced HbA1c levels and weight effectively in responders. However, the targeted gene variants need not to be involved in genetic testing before prescribing this class of drugs to T2DM patients from Malwa region of Punjab. Highlights:

Treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with Sodium Glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors is an insulin-independent method of reducing blood glucose levels by lowering renal tubular glucose reabsorption.
Significant decrease in HbA1c levels and weight loss in responders was observed after the treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors.
Pharmacogenetic analysis was carried out for two gene variants, SLC5A2 (rs9934336) and UGT1A9 (rs72551330), reported to be involved in inter-individual response to SGLT2 inhibitors.
None of the tested variants were found to be significantly associated with inter-individual response to SGLT2 inhibitors.
Pharmacogenetic testing for the two most commonly reported variants is not required for the T2DM patients on SGLT2 inhibitors from the Malwa region of Punjab.


Objective To study the expression of the fibronectin (FN) and β 1 integrin (β 1) in epiretinal membranes(ERM) of eyes with proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR). Methods Twenty epiretinal membranes were obtained from eyes undergone vitrectomy for retinal detachment complicated with PVR and observed by immunohistochemical methods. Results Overexpression of FN and β 1 were observed in 18 and 16 membranes respectively. Conclusion The synergism of FN and β 1 in their action mignt be one of the important roles in the development of PVR.


It is noted that merger of a limited company has run rapidly traced already specifically to several limited companies show rising the number. Re-structuring the business through merger to a limited company is taken as an alternative that many national companies practiced intending to enrich the business synergy. In fact, there becomes more popular merger practicing applied to business companies; however it was not balanced out with improving people knowledge about the merger itself while raising the number of merger in Indonesia still is not balanced yet with the advance of legal product on economy sector. It is recognized necessary to study how the method of merger PT. Bank Mandiri, and what is the legal consequence of merger PT. Bank Mandiri over the employees, and how valuable in transparence merger PT. Bank Mandiri refers to the Regulations rule valid for Indonesia nationally. In order to know what is the responses to the matters as above, i t was already conducted a research normatively, with the location took place on PT. Bank Mandiri Medan. Primary data was taken by interview while secondary data was collected by a library study. still an analysis to the data was done by a research specification method. The result of study showed that methods for merger PT. Bank Mandiri refers to Regulations No.1 of 1995 conforming to the Deed Number 97 dated 24th July1999 prepared by Sutjipto, SH. Notary public in Jakarta, RUPS shareholders' meeting in decision there was to approve and complete for having a merger such PT. Bank Bumi Daya (Persero). Irl . Bank Dagnng Negara (Persero). PT. Bank Exim (Persero) and PT. Bank Bapindo into Bank Mandiri organization. There was a consequence of merger Bank Mandiri for those employees following merger occurrence total 998C persons to have rationalization and some got retired earlier with an allowance offered according to one service period. It is suggestible then method for merger PT. Bank Mandiri referred to the Regulation No. 1 of 1995 and the Governmental Regulation No.28 of 1999 and SKby duty letter of National Bank Director, No.32/51/KEP/DIR dated 14 May 1999 however present a legal consequence for all side namely to the company, minority shareholders, to those employees and community. Therefore, an al ternative to take to take merging the bank should be performed openly and got transparence about the aims, the objective and the consequence and ∗ Student, Postgraduate School, Public Notary Program, University of North Sumatera ** Lecturer, Postgraduate School, Public Notary Program, University of North Sumatera Hendra Syahdani : Pengaturan Penggabungan (Merger) PT. Bank Mandiri Menurut Undang-Undang..., 2006 USU Repository © 2007 Hendra Syahdani : Pengaturan Penggabungan (Merger) PT. Bank Mandiri Menurut Undang-Undang..., 2006 USU Repository © 2007 to involve actively all majority and minority shareholders in merging process. By merging the four Governmental banks however it is necessary to keep care those employers' welfare as rationalization, and for them should awarded a sufficient allowance refers to their respectively service period of the four banks by Bank Mandiri management to care it. Still, to whom those employers wishing to get back for working to joint Bank Mandiri must follow the selection provided by Bank Mandiri . I t is advisable for having there change of regulat ion in implementing the openly principle related to the merger regulations perhaps there by deciding an initial discussion about the merger itself should be a material fact as recognized on America share stock on Singapore. It is recognized that determination for initial discussion about the merger should be a material fact in the regulation to implement an openly principle in the national share market for Indonesia based on tendency of public companies in Indonesia frequently set the announcement by media mass, unfortunately the plan of merger as announced many t imes be cancelled to conduct. Meanwhile, the consequence of the announcement to have merger to the public corporation however had resulted in the price of share of the public corporation rose on capital market. Thus, whenever this case failed to overcome, however cause lost to the investor.


Final report submitted on January 22, 2009 by the chair of the NMRT Handbook Committee reporting on the completed projects and the committee's action items for the next year.


Data acquisition systems (DAS) play a fundamental role in a lot of modern measurement solutions. One of the parameters characterizing a DAS is its maximum sample rate, which poses constraints on signals that can be alias-free digitized. Band-pass sampling theory singles out separated ranges of admissible sample rates which can be significantly lower than carrier frequency. But, how to choose the most convenient sample rate according to the purpose at hand? The paper proposes a method mandated to the automatic selection of optimal sample rate for band-pass signals, which takes also into account the effects of sample clock instability and limited resolution. The proposed method allows the user to choose the location of spectral replicas of the sampled signal in terms of normalized frequency, and the minimum guard-band between replicas, thus introducing a feature that no DAS currently available on the market seems to offer. Experimental tests on band-pass digitally modulated signals for communications are carried out to verify the concurrence of actual central frequency with the expected one


All affinely covariant convex-body-valued valuations on the Sobolev space
$W^{1,1}({\Bbb{R}}^n)$ are completely classified. It is shown that there
is a unique such valuation for Blaschke addition. This valuation turns out
to be the operator which associates with each function $f\in
W^{1,1}({\Bbb{R}}^n)$ the unit ball of its optimal Sobolev norm.


Using the mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and n-propanol as sulphonating agent, the starch sulfate was prepared. The effects of some important factors, such as reaction temperature and time, liquid-to-solid ratio and the ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to n-propanol in the reactant mixture, on the yield and degree of substitution of the starch sulfate prepared were investigated. The optimized preparation conditions were obtained as follows: the ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to n-propanol is 1.8, the liquid-to-solid ratio of reactant is 30, reaction temperature and time are -2℃ and 16 h, respectively. Using above preparation conditions, the degree of substitution of the starch sulfate prepared can reach about 0.58; and it can be controlled to be 0.1~0.6 by adjusting the preparation conditions. Since in the new method developed for the preparation of starch sulfate in the present work not any toxic reagent is used, it is an environment-friendly and economic process, and the starch sulfate prepared has a potential application for the medical uses.


In Bhatt (1995) a view on development different from conventional wisdom is given, and Ekuni (2000) presented brief critical comments on traditional neoclassical models of development. In the latter paper, three key concepts appear: (1) women labour force, especially as selfemployed, (2) phantom marginal products, and (3) growth in an arithmetical progression rather than a geometrical one. In this short note, we concentrate on the first element, i.e., women labour force. It is supposed labour force is heterogeneous and segmented into two parts: men and women. We suppose two regimes. In the first one, women are partly dominated by men, and the national surplus goes into men's hand, while in the second regime, women are independent of men, and they secure their surplus as self-employed workers. Using various simplifying assumptions, we conduct simulation on a PC. In Section 2, we explain our assumptions and our models. Then Section 3 contains some results found in simulation, and the final Section 4 gives remarks. The programs written in Turbo Pascal are in Appendix.


Let ${\mathbf{s}}_k=\frac{1}{\sqrt{N}}(v_{1k},...,v_{Nk})^T,$ $k=1,...,K$, where $\{v_{ik},i,k$ $=1,...\}$ are independent and identically distributed random variables with $Ev_{11}=0$ and $Ev_{11}^2=1$. Let ${\mathbf{S}}_k=({\mathbf{s}}_1,...,{\mathbf{s}}_{k-1},$ ${\mathbf{s}}_{k+1},...,{\mathbf{s}}_K)$, ${\mathbf{P}}_k=\operatorname {diag}(p_1,...,$ $p_{k-1},p_{k+1},...,p_K)$ and $\beta_k=p_k{\mathbf{s}}_k^T({\mathb f{S}}_k{\mathbf{P}}_k{\mathbf{S}}_k^T+\sigma^2{\mathbf{I}})^{-1}{\math bf{s}}_k$, where $p_k\geq 0$ and the $\beta_k$ is referred to as the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of user $k$ with linear minimum mean-square error (LMMSE) detection in wireless communications. The joint distribution of the SIRs for a finite number of users and the empirical distribution of all users' SIRs are both investigated in this paper when $K$ and $N$ tend to infinity with the limit of their ratio being positive constant. Moreover, the sum of the SIRs of all users, after subtracting a proper value, is shown to have a Gaussian limit.


The properties of income-to-price ratios in asset markets have potentially far reaching implications for understanding investor behavior. Prevailing levels of commercial real estate (CRE) capitalization rates, similar to price/earnings ratios for stocks and owner equivalent rent-to-price relatives for houses, may foretell future investment returns and income growth rates. In CRE capitalization rate models, rent growth rates often proxy for the net operating income (NOI) growth rates. Empirical studies of capitalization rate predictive powers produce inconsistent results that may be due either to the use of these rent growth proxies, model misspecification, or both. We use a novel approach for generating NOI growth rate estimates that involves combining survey rent and the expense growth rates for U.S. apartments. Our GARCH analysis of the capitalization rate spread process using the estimated NOI growth rate produces theoretically consistent results. Importantly, we demonstrate efficiency gains from using...


Giovanni Galbiati, "Prefetto" of the Ambrosian Library from 1924 to 1951, effective member of the Istituto Lombardo since 1928, chaired the Milanese Committee of the Italian Dante Society from 1935 to 1944. Close to fascism, he organized, and then edited, the publication of numerous Dante's conferences promoted by the Milanese Committee. These conferences, moving very often, like many of Galbiati's premises to the volumes, on the cultural lines of the fascist party, illustrate in an exemplary negative way, how Dante's work could be bent to interests and ends completely unrelated to it.


This document is a final report covering work performed under Contract No. DE-FG02-99ER82911 from the Department of Energy under a SBIR Phase II Program. Wear resistant, hard coatings can play a vital role in many engineering applications. The primary goal of this project was to develop coatings containing boron and carbon with hardness greater than 30 GPa and evaluate these coatings for machining applications. UES has developed a number of carbon and boron containing coatings with hardness in the range of 34 to 65 GPa using a combination of filtered cathodic arc and magnetron sputtering. The boron containing coatings were based on TiB2, TiBN, and TiBCN, while the carbon containing coatings ere TiC+C and hydrogen free diamond-like-carbon. Machining tests were performed with single and multilayer coated tools. The turning and milling tests were run at TechSolve Inc., under a subcontract at Ohio State University. Significant increases in tool lives were realized in end milling of H-13 die steel (8X) and titanium alloy (80%) using the TiBN coating. A multilayer TiBN/TiN performed the best in end-milling of highly abrasive Al-Si alloys. A 40% increase in life over the TiAlN benchmark coating was found. Further evaluations of these coatings with commercialization partners are currently in progress.


The invention discloses a PC alloy material prepared, prepared from, by weight, 54. 5-90 parts of polycarbonate, 4.5-60 parts of polyethylene terephthalate- 1,4-cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate, 0-30 parts of fibrous fillers and 0-6 parts of other aid agents. 5-60 parts of cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate, 0-30 parts of fibrous fillers and 0-6 parts of other auxiliary agents. The invention uses polyester for modification of PC alloy materials to make the obtained PC alloy materials conquer its current insufficiency and meanwhile have excellent liquidity, buckling performance, internal stress performance, demoulding performance, colour and lustre, particularly suitable for manufacturing thin-walled products.


In the contemporary society, gender equality in accessing the job market is advocated, and often protected by law in developed countries. In reality, however, gender differences exist in different aspects and stages of recruitment processes and career development, say from career planning, job search, application, recruitment and promotion. Such differences are usually exemplified by different interesting findings in the literature. Some research findings had shown that male candidates spend less time than female candidates to secure a post-displacement job, male candidates in overall are more "linear" in job seeking than female candidates. One proposed explanation on the phenomenon is on how male and female candidates use online CVs for job hunting. This research aims to investigate the undergraduate students' perceived effects of three facets: Portfolio, Presentation and Presence in career planning, job search and application processes by using online CVs. Initial results indicate that gender differences exist on the perceptions of 3P's in career planning. Notably, female candidates see their Presence has direct relationship with Career Planning but male candidates do not. While male candidates perceive a direct relationship between Portfolio and Career Planning, but their female counterparts do not.


An embodiment of the invention discloses a service processing method, comprising: receiving service request; calling a first communication module to process the service request; if the service request processed by the first communication module is detected to be unable to meet service requirement, calling a second communication module according to predetermined communication strategy to solely process or calling the second communication module to carry out joint process with the first communication module. Relatively, the embodiment of this invention also provides a communication terminal. Technical schema provided by embodiment of this invention can excellently process services of dual-standby terminal.


The overall goal of this study was to determine the feasibility of using intermodal technologies, new and existing, in moving Pacific Northwest (PNW) products to domestic and international markets. The first section of the report provides a general outlook and situation for intermodal transportation, searching for potential cost savings from intermodal usages and examining the regulatory influences affecting intermodal activities. These general preliminary findings are then specifically tested and analyzed in the next three sections. First, an examination of purchased transportation, as a generic intermodal commodity, documents the impact on cost economies of using intermodal movements. The findings, that intermodal transportation does reduce costs for general freight commodity carriers, are broadened and further tested by two case studies in the following two sections. A micro case study examination of the potential use of intermodal shipments (Identity Preserved Shipments or IPS) to aid in international exports of wheat to China is followed by an evaluation of the feasibility of utilizing new intermodal technologies (double-stack trains and RoadRailers) to move Washington agricultural products to market. The final section details the general findings and conclusions of the study and offers recommendations for policy formulation and an implementation procedure.


It was analyzed the influence of stock exchanges on stock quotes of the automotive, energy and telecommunication companies. It was obtained comparative assessment of the profitability, risk and stability indicator of shares placed on different stock exchanges.


We present an algorithm designed for navigating around a performance that was filmed as a "casual" multi-view video collection: real-world footage captured on hand held cameras by a few audience members. The objective is to easily navigate in 3D, generating a video-based rendering (VBR) of a performance filmed with widely separated cameras. Casually filmed events are especially challenging because they yield footage with complicated backgrounds and camera motion. Such challenging conditions preclude the use of most algorithms that depend on correlation-based stereo or 3D shape-from-silhouettes. Our algorithm builds on the concepts developed for the exploration of photo-collections of empty scenes. Interactive performer-specific view-interpolation is now possible through innovations in interactive rendering and offline-matting relating to i) modeling the foreground subject as video-sprites on billboards, ii) modeling the background geometry with adaptive view-dependent textures, and iii) view interpolation that follows a performer. The billboards are embedded in a simple but realistic reconstruction of the environment. The reconstructed environment provides very effective visual cues for spatial navigation as the user transitions between viewpoints. The prototype is tested on footage from several challenging events, and demonstrates the editorial utility of the whole system and the particular value of our new inter-billboard optimization.


Medical popular science texts are meant for readers who do not have medical education. So it is important to explain medical terms from the sphere of medicine. One of the ways to explain them is the choice of the synonym known to the reader


This paper studied on the reform of practical teaching of CNC machining for engineering capacity building, and proposed the teaching model of project task drive, Richard real integration of teaching about " school-enterprise cooperation, engineering practice, technical service, capacity building ". This teaching model not only enhanced the students' ability of solving engineering problems, but also played an important role in the service of the local economy construction.


The invention discloses a separated wireless data acquisition unit used for a health cloud platform and an acquisition method of the unit. The data acquisition unit comprises a processing module, a communication interface, a wireless radio frequency transmission module, an identity identification module and a data encryption module, wherein the communication interface is connected with the processing module. The acquisition method comprises the following steps of: connecting the communication interface of the acquisition unit to a corresponding interface of the detection instrument to be acquired, transmitting an awakening instruction to start the detection instrument through the processing module, acquiring health data from the detection instrument, loading the identity information through the identity identification module, encrypting the data through the data encryption module, transmitting the data to a wireless gateway through the wireless radio frequency transmission module, and transmitting the data to the health cloud platform through an internet via the wireless gateway. A user only needs to carry the acquisition unit, different detection instruments can be used for detection, and a measurement result is synchronized to the health cloud platform; moreover, the same detection instrument can be conveniently provided for different users for detection, and the popularization of the health cloud platform is promoted.


By the understanding of the technology innovation′s definition, features and foundation, this article analyzes the problems and countermeasures of technological enterprise in the course of present technology innovation.


Microwave magnetics technology is faced with two challenges: the development of an analog signal processing capability directly at microwave frequencies, and development of electronically tunable nanosecond time delays for phased array antennas. The focus is on these two problems from the point of view of magnetostatic wave (MSW) technology in thin films such as liquid phase epitaxy yttrium iron garnet. An assessment is made of MSW devices, their role in realizing wideband phased arrays, and how MSW stacks up against competing technologies. Important devices include oscillators, signal to noise enhancers, frequency separators, filters, tunable time delays, and compressive receivers. One MSW device, a simultaneous pulse separator, is now scheduled to be incorporated into an existing system. This is a first for MSW. Although it is encouraging, much work remains in the areas of materials research, dispersion control, nonuniform biasing fields, and improved theory. The largest payoff may well be in phased arr...


This article provides an overview on financing residential real estate in Finland. Financial market liberalization has significantly changed Finnish housing finance since the early 1980s. The recent development and structural changes of Finnish financial markets in the context of housing finance are explored. The implications of financial market liberalization for the housing loans of Finnish households are described, and the role of public support in housing finance is discussed. The deregulation of financial markets has produced many new problems for Finnish residential real estate markets, while the long-term benefits of this development have not materialized.


The 3-heteroaryl-1-methylpyridazino[3,4-b]quinoxalin-4(1H)-ones 6a-e were synthesized by the oxidative-hydrolytic ring transformation of the 3-heteroaryl-1,2-diazepino[3,4-b]]quinoxaline-5-carbonitriles 9a-c, which were obtained by the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of the 2-(2-heteroarylmethylene-1-methylhydrazino)quinoxaline 4-oxides with 2-chloroacrylonitrile. The assignment of the thiophene and furan ring protons was carried out through the data of the NOE, decoupling, and coupling constants.


A set of laboratory experiments was performed to study a possibility of selective laser action on different classes of atherosclerotic plaques and samples of normal vessel walls were performed. To this end Nd:YAG-laser with frequency doubler and quadrupler as well as XeCl-laser with SRS cell were employed which allows us to compare results of laser action in broad spectral range. The laboratory setups permit us to vary parameters of laser radiation, such as the pulse duration, energy and density of the energy in process of experiments. All samples were subjected to detailed morphological study. Experiments performed indicate the possibility of initiation of photochemical destruction of plaques by UV laser radiation. Such a possibility is supported also by semi-empiric quantum chemistry calculations performed for fat acids. All this allows us to suggest a sort of optimal strategy for laser destruction of atherosclerotic plaques with minimal site effects.


It is generally accepted that fine particles could accelerate cement hydration process, or, more specifically, this accelerating effect can be attributed to additional surface area introduced by fine particles. In addition to this view, the surface state of fine particles is also an important factor, especially for nanoparticles. In the previous study, a series of nano-SiO2-polycarboxylate superplasticizer core-shell nanoparticles (NS@PCE) were synthesized, which have a similar particle size distribution but different surface properties. In this study, the impact of NS@PCE on cement hydration was investigated by heat flow calorimetry, mechanical property measurement, XRD, and SEM. Results show that, among a series of NS@PCE, NS@PCE-2 with a moderate shell-core ratio appeared to be more effective in accelerating cement hydration. As dosage increases, the efficiency of NS@PCE-2 would reach a plateau which is quantified by various characteristic values. Compressive strength results indicate that strength has a linear correlation with cumulative heat release. A hypothesis was proposed to explain the modification effect of NS@PCE, which highlights a balance between initial dispersion and pozzolanic reactivity. This paper provides a new understanding for the surface modification of supplementary cementitious materials and their application and also sheds a new light on nano-SiO2 for optimizing cement-based materials.


The STAR experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory seeks to measure the source of the protons spin, a fundamental property of matter. To accomplish this measurement, a simulation method called MonteCarlo will be used to model the true detector responses to proton-proton collisions. My work is to confirm the accuracy of the Monte-Carlo simulation for the Endcap Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EEMC). By comparing histograms of fundamental parameters from the Monte-Carlo simulated data and true data from 2006 experimentation, we will be able to test the simulations accuracy. When validated, the Monte-Carlo simulation will be used to achieve a greater understanding of the physics occurring during the protonproton collisions. In particular, Monte-Carlo will help in extracting the gluon contribution to protons spin.


In this article, the authors present an analysis of innovative activities by the federal universities of the Russian Federation, their impact on economic development, both at the federal and the regional level. The innovations as part of the university activities are viewed as a process, where a new product, which is obtained as a result of scientific research conducted by a university, can be commoditized. Each of the universities we studied have their own competitive advantages in this or that area, which are explained by specific features of their innovative activities. However, not all of them meet the expectations of a society, mainly due to the short period of their existence. It is worth mentioning that this article explores the key areas of technical and technological innovations; nonetheless, each university also pays considerable attention to social, as well as organizational and management innovations.


It is significant to assign reputation scores to users and identify spammers in the bipartite rating networks. In this paper, we propose an Iterative Group-based and Difference Ranking (IGDR) method, which is based on the original Iterative Group-based Ranking (IGR) method. The IGR method considers users grouping behaviors, but it ignores the characteristics of the individual ratings. It is discovered that individual rating characteristics could also contribute to the redistribution of reputation scores of users. The user with a smaller rating deviation will be given a higher reputation score. The proposed method outperforms IGR method ranging from 8% to 163% tested on three real datasets. It also can be applied to deal with big data in a short time.


Objective To explore the characteristics of human bone marrow derived from endothelial progenitor cells(BEPC),and the feasibility of replacing corneal endothelial cells(CEC).Design Experimental study.Participants Human fetal bone marrow.Methods Mononuclear cells were isolated from human fetal bone marrow by Histopaque density gradient centrifugation and plated in endothelial growth medium on fibronectin or Gelatin coated culture dish.BEPC were incubated with Dil-AcLDL,and FITC-conjugated UEA-1.Further characterization was performed by CD133 and CD34 staining.BEPC were also processed for reversing transcription -polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) of collagenⅧ.Main Outcome Measures Human BEPC characteristic shape,CD133 and CD34 staining and RT-PCR result.Results BEPC showed polygonal shape.BEPC could take up DiI-AcLDL,bound FITC-UEA-1,and express CD133 and CD34.RT-PCR revealed that collagenⅧwas present in CEC as well as BEPC.Conclusions Human BEPC may be alternative cells for replacing corneal endothelial cells.


1. The propulsive action of the great toe is not essential for normal gait.

2. From a study of fourteen cases in which the first metatarsophalangeal joint was fused, the optimum position for arthrodesis of the great toe has been determined as not less than 15 degrees from the plane of the ground with the shoes on.


Purpose: From a motor control perspective, the balance and propulsion are needed to proceed smoothly, and using high heeled shoes based on two conditions led to more difficult and complex gait. High heeled alter the natural form of body and present a chain reaction of disadvantageous
 affected that throughout the entire body from the toe to spine. Therefore, the purpose of this review provides a comprehensive guide of understanding HH gait. Methods: Electronic database which includes PubMed, Embase, Medline, Amed, and Cinahl were searched for controlled trials comparing
 high heeled shoes with barefoot or flat shoes, which include changes of the lower limb and upper limb. The kinematic change of body was the primary outcome measure. The comparison was conducted with mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. Result: Major findings were focused on
 the joint of the ankle, knee, hip, pelvis, and spine. The results of collecting articles show that a significant difference in ankle and knee joint during the gait when high heels and barefoot are compared. There are still conflicting results in terms of lumbar lordosis, and few studies indicate
 that the pelvic anteversion increased significantly. Conclusion: On direction for future research should establish an effective method to estimate the result of the HH effect on body posture.


This study aims to determine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return On Asset (ROA), Non Performing Loan, and Interest Rateof SBI on total outstanding of loans (Studies in Foreign Exchange Banks that listed in BEI over period 2010-2011). Types of research used in this research is explanative research that aims to explain the causal relationship between the causal variables through hypothesis testing. The sampling technique used was nonprobability sampling and obtained a sample of 21 companies and 42 samples in total. To test the hypothesis proposed in this study used regression analysis. Regression analysis showed that ROA, and CAR as well as have a significant influence on dividend policy, meanwhile DER and Firm Size have not a significant influence on total outstanding loans. Based on these results, banks can make Capital Adequacy Ratio, and Return On Asset as reference in predicting total outstanding of loans.. Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return On Asset (ROA), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Interest Rate of SBI, total outstanding of loans


Introduction to the special issue 'Therapeutic Apprenticeship: Uncovering Truth and Performing Responsibility', guest edited by David Ansari and Amy Cooper.


The flexural strength at the weld line of injection moulded polystyrene is analysed as a function of the most relevant operating conditions.


. Open Government Data (OGD) is the publication of data by government and public institutions on the Internet. Interestingly, after more than a decade of implementing OGD there are different practices from countries in the world, even though they have the same aims. This difference is due to differences in the culture of openness, the level of openness, and the level of state confidence in opening data. This research is a qualitative research with a constructivist approach through descriptive analysis with comparisons of several countries. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the implementation of OGD is carried out in many countries as part of efforts to fulfill data openness in the information age. Data structuring is made with a scheme that allows the government to choose which data can be published and which cannot. The roadmap for OGD activities is gradually becoming more comprehensive. Clarity of objectives is needed to create a roadmap that is effective in implementing OGD. The security of personal data is an important thing that must be guaranteed by the government. The strategy to build OGD must be carried out in one entity that is authorized to manage data.


Combined with the features of Shentie Expressway,the key contents of outside operation survey of bridge culvert is introduced emphatically,providing advantageous design basis for expressway reconstruction and extension design.


With a combination of Arabic calligraphy motifs, Batik Besurek is a traditional Bengkulu's patterned cloth with Rafflesia flowers as a symbol of the Bengkulu region. This study will investigate Batik Besurek motif implementation, specifically geometric transformation content, for mathematics learning. Design research is this form of research. The design research phases, namely: Preparing for the Experiment, Teaching Experiment, and Retrospective Analysis The study consisted of 32 randomly chosen students in class XI SMA. Tests and questionnaires are data collection methods. Questionnaires have been used to evaluate the performance, efficiency, and practicality of learning mathematics by applying the Batik Besurek motif. Descriptive statistics and t-tests have been used to evaluate test results. The findings showed that the Batik Besurek motif enhanced geometric transformation learning outcomes and positively responded to students.


Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine Hanfangji compound in patients with cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus. Methods Fifty-eight patients (treatment group)with cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus were orally administered with Hanfangji compound for 3 months. 28 cases were orally administered Huganpian. Results After treatment,all of the parameters including ALT,TSB,ALB,HA and P ⅢP improved at some degree in the treatment group,but not in the control;the hepatic histological changes also improved. Conclusions Hanfangji compound is very effective for treatment of patients with cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus.


The causation judgment of medical torts has to firstly follow the "but for"rule,and then take the"suitable causation theory"to identify the scope of damages.For the active tort cases,the legal interpretation methods such as"the indirect disproof"are used to judge the causation in fact.On the contrary,for the inactive tort cases,with the transformation of the definition of the"effect of causation",the causation judgment should follow the standards of"the death at this point","the considerable possibility"and the"remarkable inappropriate of medical behavior"standard while the"the considerable possibility"standard can not be proved as well.


Consider the class 3(Q) of the polynomials P(t)∈[t] of degree 3 and height H(P) ≤ Q, Q >1. Define a subclass S3(Q) in 3(Q) by taking the polynomials P(t) having discriminants not exceeding Q2n−2−2v1 and divisible by the power of the prime number pe , pe > Q2v2 , v1 ≥ 0, v2 ≥ 0, 0 ≤ v1 + v2 0 and Q > Q0 (e), the inequality 4 5/3( 1 2 ) # 3( ) S Q Q v v < − + +e is valid.


Myopathy associated with hypothyroidism classically presents with proximal weakness, fatigue, exertional pain, slowed movement, myoedema, diminished deep tendon reflexes, stiffness, myalgia, less commonly cramps and rarely muscle enlargement. Muscle enlargement and hypothroidism is known as Kocher-Debre Semelaigne syndrome (KDS). We report ed here two brothers at the ages of 11 and 7 year-old diagnosed as KDS syndrome. We aimed to emphasize the effects of hypothyroidism on muscle tissue.


The invention discloses an ultrasonic superficial tissue and organ volume scanning fracture imaging method, comprising the following steps of: collecting a continuous multi-frame two-dimensional ultrasonic image of the superficial tissue and organ by an ultrasonic probe, wherein each frame of two-dimensional ultrasonic image corresponds to a section of the superficial tissue and the organ; preprocessing the continuous multi-frame two-dimensional ultrasonic image to obtain the preprocessed volume data, wherein the preprocessing includes filtration, enhancement and division; reconstructing three sections of a cross section, a vertical plane and a coronal plane based on the processed two-dimensional image to obtain the multi-section image of the superficial tissue and the organ, wherein orthogonal section synchronous processing is carried out on the three-section image so that the cross section, the vertical plane and the coronal plane perform are subjected to time synchronization and space synchronization, and the three orthogonal section synchronous processing includes time synchronous processing and space synchronous processing. By utilizing a regular superficial linear array probe, the fracture imaging process is simple, and the superficial tissue and organ volume scanning fracture imaging device is miniaturized and convenient.


Sequential anaerobic/aerobic microbial populations, in a packed-bed configuration, were employed to biodegrade leachate from a high priority Superfund site. Leachate characteristics included up to 100 ppm (as carbon) volatile organic priority pollutants. Identification and quantification of these pollutants at key steps in the biodegradation process is important. A method employing purge and trap concentration followed by gas chromatographic separation was developed for accurate identification and quantification of the volatile compounds of interest. Results obtained from application of this method to the leachate treatment process indicated that 84 to 99% of the specific volatile priority pollutants were biodegraded, under anaerobic conditions, during steady-state operation.


Since the expression of a high ability for in vitro regeneration and proliferation is a very importan condition for any biotechnological approach for clonal propagation, t he influence of genotype and culture medium composi tion on the number of shoots regenerated and their length in su ccessive subcultures was investigated in Aronia mel anocarpa (Michx.) Elliot cultivars 'Melrom' and 'Nero'. Choke berry cultivar 'Nero' showed a significantly higher ability of regeneration compared to the cultivar 'Melrom', the greatest number of shoots being obtained with the basal medium containing MS macroelements, LF microelements and LF vitamins, supplemented with 4,5 mg×dm -3 BA and 0,6 mg×dm IBA.


This paper explores the strange fascination with smallness that runs through Vergil's Aeneid, focusing on the bee simile in book 1, the poem's inaugural miniaturizing moment. Deviating from the standard paradigms of Vergilian criticism, I suggest we can learn a great deal about smallness in this poem by studying it through the lens of the sublime. My analysis bypasses the proliferation of Romantic sublimes to draw primarily on a model of sublimity derived from Neil Hertz's influential reading of Longinus. Read through the Hertzian sublime, miniaturization in the Aeneid is revealed as a subtle articulation of the poem's running concern with power. The bee simile, I argue, enacts a threefold drama in which hero, author, and reader confront what I call their sublime condition, coming to terms with their implication in immensities beyond their comprehension and control.


Longitudinal changes (over four years) of cerebral blood flow (CBF) using arterial spin labeling MRI were investigated in a population of high-contact sport football college athletes and were compared to low-contact cohort of volleyball athletes. A linear-mixed-effects model was applied to assess CBF (normalized to the cerebellum) by sport (football vs. volleyball), time from baseline MRI, and the interaction between sport and time. Longitudinal analysis showed a prospective decline in perfusion in football compared to volleyball. Fourteen football players experienced an in-study concussion; in contrast to the longitudinal findings, football players exhibited acutely a mild increase in occipital lobe CBF.


paper is concerned with the determination of temperature and the thermal deflection in a semi infinite hollow cylinder due to internal heat generation within it. The conduction equation has been solved by using March -Zgrablich and Fourier transform technique.


To research a waste water treatment technology of low energy consumption,ABR acidification and two-stage constructed wetlands method was used to treat sewage.The results showed that the average removal rate of COD,BOD5,TN and TP were92%,98%,29%,and 64% respectively by this method,and the effluent can meet national sewage first level discharge standard.The above process has the advantages of low energy consumption,purifying environment and is adapt to waste water dispersal treatment in south China.


BACKGROUND
We have analysed the duration time of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) inchildren and the influence of various risk factors such as: age at diagnosis, sex, onset ofsymptoms and platelet count at diagnosis on duration of ITP. Data of diagnostic workupand type of treatment in child with ITP were analysed.Patients and Data of 64 children with ITP, 29 boys and 35 girls who have been managed at Departmentmethods of Hematology and Oncology at University Children Hospital in Ljubljana between theyears 2001 to 2006 were analysed. Age at diagnosis was seven weeks to 16.2 years.
RESULTS
The diagnosis of ITP was made by history, physical examination and peripheral bloodcount. Thrombocytopenia was severe in 42 children, moderate in 8 children and mild in14 children. The remission was not achieved in about one half of the children. Twenty eight children were treated, whereas in 34 children »watch and wait« policy with supportiveadvice was used.Children older than 12 years and those who had mild thrombocytopenia at diagnosis wereat higher risk for developement of chronic ITP.
CONCLUSIONS
In our study group overall clinical course was benign with good outcome regardless oftreatment type. There were no life threatening events. Management of children with ITPrequires usually nonaggressive diagnostic approach and minimal treatment with medication


Objective: Cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery is an essential procedure, and the perfusionist needs to have sufficient education and training. Simulation training is suitable in such cases. We have developed a simulation system for cardiopulmonary bypass training (extracorporeal circulation simulator [ECCSIM]) and reported its efficacy. ECCSIM had no pulse pressure generator, so some perfusionists have mentioned that the operational feeling during training differs from that in real clinical cases. In this study, we have developed a new pulse pressure generator and examined the efficacy of this system during cardiopulmonary bypass training using ECCSIM. Materials and Methods: Results were observed as wave patterns during simulation of extracorporeal circulation with and without pulse pressure flow. Operational feeling during training of extracorporeal circulation was compared using a questionnaire survey, based on the Japanese version of the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX), a subjective index, completed by seven perfusionists. Results: With the addition of pulse pressure flow, fluctuation of arterial flow at low speed with the centrifugal pump increased, and operation of extracorporeal circulation became unstable. The questionnaire survey, including 'Operational feeling of centrifugal pump', 'Feeling of afterload', and 'Display of pressure monitor', showed results similar to that of the clinical situation using pulse pressure flow. The difficulty of simulator operation in extracorporeal circulation was significantly greater in the group with pulse pressure flow. Mental/physical load examined with NASA-TLX increased with pulse pressure flow. Conclusion: Using a new pulse pressure generator with ECCSIM was effective in extracorporeal circulation training.


The invention aims at providing a double-piece injection mold of a terminal cover. Two inner forming blocks and two outer forming blocks are arranged to form two cavities for injection molding; a runner is arranged between the two cavities; injection molding is carried out on the runner from an injection channel, and therefore injection is carried out on the interiors of the cavities; after injection molding is finished, an air cylinder is started, and pressing plates tightly press injection molding pieces; then a movable mold body is started, and the injection molding pieces are slightly separated from the cavities of the movable mold body under the action of the pressing plates; then ejector rods of the movable mold body are started for ejection; the air cylinder is provided with an air blow pipe used for carrying out downward blowing on the injection molding pieces obtained after mold opening, cooling and discharging can be achieved; and the double-piece injection mold is suitable for production.


Abstract Nanocrystalline sensors having the general formula ZnO + x wt% CeO2, where x = 0, 2, 4 and 6 were prepared by chemical precipitation method and sintered at 400, 600 and 800 °c for 2h in static air atmosphere. The crystal structure and the morphology of the prepared samples were investigated and characterized by using XRD, IR, SEM and TEM techniques. The investigation revealed that the average crystallites size increases with increasing the sintering temperature. The electrical conductivity is found to increase with CeO2 additions and sintering temperature. Gas sensing properties of the prepared samples were also investigated. The effect of CeO2 content and sintering temperature on the structure, electrical conductivity and ethanol gas sensing properties of the prepared samples are discussed.


The author analyzed the status,major accomplishments,and main problems in the wood products industry in recent years in northeast China.Based on the results,the technological demands and main tasks for the wood industry during the Twelfth Five-year Plan for northeast China were outlined.


eN Hierarchical and decentralized organizational systeas . . are both based on the assumption that power exists in alimited quantity to be divided up among those in the organization. Recent research indicates, td the contrary, that when managers allcv their subordinates greater influence in the organization, not oily does the . job satisfaction and_morale of the subordinates increase, but the subordinat-Cs are more responsive to the. managers' wishes and . 'requests. The manager thus gains control by giving control away. -----1-. Tests of these theories in the public schools have demonstrated their '\ application to principals and teachers. In addition, the .satisfaction 4 of teachers with 'their principals has been shown to relate directly. to the principals' manageri'al style. (Author/PGD)


In this paper, research on air source heat pump systems for cold regions in recent years is first summarized and compared. These systems can be divided into three kinds: a single-stage compression heat pump, liquid/vapor injection heat pump, and a two-stage heat pump. Finally, our research with a two-stage compression variable frequency air source heat pump is presented. A two-control-model with the priority target as COP or heating capacity is advanced. The experimental results show that the COP of this heat pump system is over 2, the compressor discharge temperature under 120 �, and the heating capacity can meet the heating load needed when the condensing temperature is 50 � and outdoor air temperature is over -18�.


In the scope of the second startup phase of the FRJ-1 (MERLIN), the thermal and epithermal flux distributions in the experimental installation of the reactor were measured with the help of an activation probe. At the boundary of the core the fast flux was determined with phosphate glass and sulfur films, and the properties of the films wereinvestigated. It is shown that for use of phosphate glass films, the long-lived portion of the thermal activation must be considered. The sulfur films showed no interfering activity. The fast neutron flux at the boundary of the core was on the order of 10/sup 7/ n cm/sup -2/ sec/ sup -1/ watt/sup -1/. (tr-auth)


Primary Mycotoxicosis in man and beast is caused by the ingestion of fungal poisons in food, beverages and feed. When mould‐damaged feed is fed to livestock the mycotoxins pass into the meat, milk, eggs and poultry. The consumption of these products laden with sublethal doses of mycotoxins eventually leads to Secondary Mycotoxicosis. The whole subject of Secondary Mycotoxicosis has been sadly neglected by health authorities, as if it were a political issue too hot to touch and one that may conveniently disappear if ignored. The paper is based on extensive experience in India and Sweden. It discusses peasant methods of preventing and curing mycotoxicosis. It suggests that spoilage and wastage, not shortage, are the reasons for hunger and famine. It calls for official action.


In this paper, we present our study on the effect of atractylenolide II on hyperlipidemic model mice. After 8 weeks, the blood of these mice was taken to detect four lipids. Pathological changes were detected in the aortas and livers of the mice. Expression of PPARα and
 SREBP-1C was detected in the liver by western blot. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the effects of atractylenolide II on blood lipids in hyperlipidemia mice. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to detect pathological changes in the aortas and livers of mice
 with hyperlipidemia after treatment with atractylenolide II. Changes in PPARα and SREBP-1C expression were found in mice with dyslipidemia. As the results shown, atractylenolide II administration reduced body weight and hyperlipidemia in hyperlipidemic model mice. In addition,
 atractylenolide II effectively relieved fat deposition and damage in aortic and liver tissues. Therefore, atractylenolide II had a beneficial therapeutic effect in reducing hyperlipidemia in hyperlipidemic model mice, which may be related to its ability to inhibit SREBP-1C expression
 by activating PPARα. The molecular mechanism driving the therapeutic effect of atractylenolide II may involve upregulation of PPARα and activation of the AMPK/PPARα/SREBP-1C signaling pathway. Our research demonstrated the development of therapeutic agents
 that can be used to improve hyperlipidemia.


The utility model belongs to accumulators, in particular to an accumulator protection circuit, and is the protection circuit for preventing accumulator charging and reversal connection. The protection circuit comprises a power circuit and an accumulator interface, and is characterized in that the front end of the accumulator interface is connected with a polarity discrimination control circuit, and a relay is connected between the power circuit and the accumulator interface. The utility model has the advantages of effectively controlling the current changes of an instantaneous circuit when accumulators charge, reducing the influence of other elements in the circuit when accumulators charge, when the accumulator is in reversal connection, the relay does not adhere, the circuit does not work, which avoids the converse voltage of accumulators from damaging other elements, thereby playing a protection role for the entire circuit and sending indicator signals to warn operators at the same time.


This paper proposes a modification of the DSA signature schemes and the related atomic proxy function, and gives its security proofs. We also examine extensions of the atomic proxy function in various DSA-type schemes.


Consuming Music Together: Introduction and Overview.- Music and Emotion in Real Time.- Sharing Music.- Sharing and Listening to Music.- Social Practices Around Itunes.- Choosing Music.- Distributing the Process of Music Choice in Public Spaces.- Promoting Social Interaction in Public Spaces: The Flytrap Active Environment.- Mobile Music.- Investigating the Culture of Mobile Listening: From Walkman to iPod.- Tuna: Socialising Music Sharing on the Move.- Car Drivers Using Sound Pryer - Joint Music Listening in Traffic Encounters.- Music and Dance.- Digital Dance Hall: The Fan Culture of Dance Simulation Arcade Games.- "Sort Drugs Make Mates": The Use and Meaning of Mobiles in Dance Music Club Culture.- hpDJ: An Automated DJ with Floorshow Feedback.- Consumption as Production.- Interaction, Experience and the Future of Music.- Hail to the Thief: The Appropriation of Music in the Digital Age.


Abstract A difficulty with constrained nonlinear control is the minimization of the cost function. With complex system representations such as fundamental models, the required optimization algorithm may be complex to implement, setting its parameters may be difficult and the calculation time may be long. To overcome these problems, an innovative optimization-free predictive control scheme is proposed. The minimization of the cost function is replaced by a simple and easy-to-compute simulation. Two mineral processing applications illustrate the very good performances of this new algorithm.


Brian Hill's musical documentaries embody the essence of Judith Butler's notion of 'performativity' as the discourse used in identity formation. By asking his characters to sing their stories in addition to traditional interviews, Hill creates multiple screen identities, which elicits an embodied intimacy that is as much about freeing marginalised people to enact themselves in front of the camera as it is about revealing the director's own performance. This article uses a cognitive framework to explore how Hill's documentary, Pornography: The Musical (2003), leads the spectator to challenge existing social stereotypes of sex workers, as well as schematic ideas about traditional documentary form and function.


Fermented tapioca which is a new starting material was used as a carbon precursor. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were deposited on silicon wafer (Si) by Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition (TCVD). The gas flow of Argon (Ar) was constant at 70 bubbles per minute and 20 minutes of deposition time. Before the deposition process, silicon was coated with Nickel using spin coater. Various parameters such as amount of inoculums have been studied. Chemical functional groups of carbon nanotubes were characterized using FT-IR Spectroscopy. The FT-IR result shows peaks attributed to multi–walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) vibration modes.


Background This study evaluated the effectiveness of an infant oral health care educational intervention on the knowledge of female dental students at King Saud University in Riyadh city. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight students participated in the study. The participants were from different levels in the dental college, ie, second year (D2), third year (D3), fourth year (D4), and fifth year (D5). Assessment by questionnaire was completed immediately before and after a 14-minute educational intervention, in the form of a PowerPoint presentation and video on oral health of infants for dental students. The 18-item multiple-choice questionnaire was based on information presented in the presentation. Results A significant difference (P < 0.001) was found between average pretest scores (9.30 ± 2.24), and average post-test scores (12.56 ± 2.05). The highest percentage of improvement in the post-test as compared with the pretest was recorded for group D2 (50.6%) followed by D3 (40%), D4 (35%), and D5 (23%). One hundred and twenty-six (98.4%) study participants found the presentation helpful in improving their understanding of infant oral health, and 77 (60.2%) were very satisfied with the presentation. Sixty-six participants (51.6%) reported that the presentation was very effective in teaching them about infant oral health, and 83 (65%) were very likely to incorporate this information into their daily practice. Conclusion A 14-minute PowerPoint and video educational intervention was effective in teaching basic information about infant oral health to dental students.


Objective To investigate whether genetic polymorphism in the intestinal fatty acid binding protein(IFABP) gene is associated with low birth mass in neonates.Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the polymorphism in 86 low birth mass neonates and 96 normal ones.Results The A54T site frequencies of AA,TT,AT genotypes of IFABP gene were 24.4%,5.8%,69.8% in disease group while those were 20.8%,41.7%,37.5% in normal controls,the differences were significantly seen in the distribution frequency between two groups(P=0.000).Conclusion The combination between genetic polymorphisms in the IFABP gene in neonates is significantly associated with neonatal low birth mass;the frequency of encoding 54Ala/ Thr polymorphism in IFABP gene is related with low birth mass.


The amount of data grows rapidly with time and shows no signs of stopping. Ubiquitous computing continues to collect and generate more and more data as both the number of devices grows and the capabilities of devices increase. We suggest processing the data on end devices by building a representative model of the data ("similitude" model). Sharing a smaller model instead of the entire data allows for saving computing power, network time, processing time and also, keeping the collected data private. In the past research, we suggested the use of similitude models, as compact models of data representation instead of the data itself. In this paper, we suggest the use of deep neural networks (DNN) as a data model to answer different types of queries. More specifically, we show that by building two models (generative network and auto-encoder) it is possible to answer approximately both statistical queries and membership queries without exposing the entire dataset.


Regional vulnerability evaluation and zoning is a very complex process, which involves a lot of factors. And the methods of evaluation and zoning are various. Regional economic development and frequent disasters are incompatible in some ways, and extension method is an effective tool to solve incompatible problems. So this essay probes application of extension method to regional vulnerability evaluation and zoning. First, the theory of extension method and steps of application of extension method to regional vulnerability evaluation and zoning are introduced,which includes selection of indexes, defining definition field and classical field of indexes, assignments of weight among the indexes, the first evaluation, calculation of single index correlative degree and synthetical correlative degree, and zoning according to synthetical correlative degree. Factor analysis is used to calculate the weight of indexes: factor analysis of the indexes is carried in SPSS and get the commonality of each index, then deal with the commonality with the formula:ω= i 2 2where ω is the weight of each index,  i is the commonality of each index. Since the commonality means how much the index can stand for the factors, it is reasonable to assign the weight among indexes using this method. It is proved that economic vulnerability degree contributes the most to synthetical vulnerability degree, social vulnerability degree is the next, and ecological vulnerability degree means the least. Second, Sichuan Province is taken as an example to test its effect of the application,results show that the area with highest and higher synthetical vulnerability degree takes up 85.88%, from which we can get the conclusion that vulnerability degree of Sichuan Province is high as a whole; in addition, synthetical correlative degree and single index correlative degree show that synthetical vulnerability degree and key restrictive factors differentiate a lot among regions, which means different measures should be taken according to different key restrictive factors.Zoning results show that Chengdu, Panzhihua and Deyang belong to the most slight degree, Zigong belongs to slight degree, Mianyang, Neijiang, Guang'an and Meishan belong to middle degree, Luzhou, Suining, Leshan, Nanchong, Yibing, Dazhou, Bazhong and Ziyang belong to severe degree, Guangyuan, Ya'an, Aba, Ganzi and Liangshan belong to the most severe degree. Last, a conclusion is given that application of extension method to regional vulnerability evaluation is practical, but one disadvantage of this method should be pointed out that K j(v i) is the distance between v i and ( a 0i ,b 0i ) , which makes it more difficult to compare the regions belong to the same degree. But with the development of calculating method of correlative degree, extension method will supply vast vistas on researches of natural border identification and natural elements zoning.


This study aims to determine how empirically the accuracy of profitability, leverage, and liquidity in predicting financial distress conditions in a company. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2015-2017. Sampling using purposive sampling method. The criteria for financial distress in this study were measured using the Springate Analysis Method, while the statistical analysis used in this study was a logistic regression test. The results of the study show that profitability and liquidity have a significant effect on predictions of financial distress. Leverage does not significantly influence the prediction of financial distress. From the results of logistic regression shows the significance of profitability and liquidity below 0.05 while leverage shows a significance above 0.05.
Keywords: Profitability, leverage, liquidity, financial distress

This study aims to determine how empirically the accuracy of profitability, leverage, and liquidity in predicting financial distress conditions in a company. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2015-2017. Sampling using purposive sampling method. The criteria for financial distress in this study were measured using the Springate Analysis Method, while the statistical analysis used in this study was a logistic regression test. The results of the study show that profitability and liquidity have a significant effect on predictions of financial distress. Leverage does not significantly influence the prediction of financial distress. From the results of logistic regression shows the significance of profitability and liquidity below 0.05 while leverage shows a significance above 0.05.
Keywords: Profitability, leverage, liquidity, financial distress


The article discusses the change in the architectural typology of abandoned objects over time. The influence of time on their town-planning position and typological components - function, design and form are analyzed. Abandoned object - a structure created by man, but not in use today. They went their way " from reality to utopia." An attempt is made to figure out why this happened and whether the return path is possible - " from utopia to reality". In conclusion, the concepts of general and environmental criteria for assessing the viability of abandoned objects are introduced, and on their basis the concept of the architectural and typological potential of a structure is formulated.


Abstract: In addition to being identical to the ball diameter sport as the means used, big ball sports are also identical to the character of body contact. Direct body contact activity among athletes does not escape sports injuries. The increase in sports injuries occurs because body contact means the importance of both preventive and curative actions. The use of protective equipment in sports is an easy way to anticipate minimizing or worsening sports injuries. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of protective equipment in sport as a preventive and curative effort for big soccer athletes of KONI Malang City. This study used a quantitative descriptive research design with a survey approach. The population of this research is big soccer athletes such as soccer, basketball, volleyball and futsal, KONI Malang City. Sampling using probability sampling technique, the type of stratified random sampling with a sample of 21. The study used a questionnaire instrument with a Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed by IBM SPSS 21.0 application with a mean of 101.0952 and a standard deviation of 17.97750. The results of data analysis show that the level of use of protective equipment in sport is categorized as very low 1 or 4.8 percent, low 5 or 23.8 percent, moderate 9 or 42.8 percent, good 6 or 28.6 percent, and very good 0. The results of the study concluded that athletes in the use of protective equipment in sports, sports injuries were in law category.
Abstrak: Olahraga bola besar selain identik dengan media diameter bola sebagai sarana yang digunakan, olahraga ini juga identik dengan karakter body contact. Aktivitas body contact secara langsung diantara olahragawan tak luput terjadinya peristiwa cedera olahraga. Maraknya peristiwa cedera olahraga terjadi karena body contact mengartikan pentingnya tindak preventif maupun kuratif. Penggunaan sarana pelindung atau protective equipment in sport merupakan salah satu hal mudah antisipasi meminimalisir maupun memperparah cedera olahraga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui penggunaan protective equipment in sport sebagai upaya preventif dan kuratif atlet bola besar KONI Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Populasi penelitian adalah atlet bola besar seperti sepakbola, bolabasket, bolavoli dan futsal KONI Kota Malang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling probability sampling, jenis stratified random sampling dengan sampel 21. Penelitian menggunakan instrumen kuesioner dengan skala likert. Data terkumpul dianalisis aplikasi IBM SPSS 21.0 dengan mean 101,0952 dan standar deviasi 17,97750. Hasil analisis data menunjukan tingkat penggunaan protective equipment in sport yaitu dikategorikan sangat rendah 1 atau 4,8 persen, rendah 5 atau 23,8 persen, sedang 9 atau 42,8 persen, baik 6 atau 28,6 persen, dan sangat baik 0 . Hasil penelitian disimpulkan atlet dalam penggunaan protective equipment in sport cedera olahraga kategori kurang.


The characterization of forested landscapes is frequently required in civil engineering practice. In this study, some spatial analysis techniques are presented that might be employed with Landsat TM data to analyze forest structure characteristics. A case study is presented wherein fractal dimensions (FDs), along with a simple spatial autocorrelation technique (Moran's I), were related to stand density parameters of the Oakmulgee National Forest located in the southeastern United States (Alabama). The results indicate that when smaller trees do not dominate the landscape (<50%), forested areas can be differentiated according to breast sizes and thus important flood plain characteristics such as ratio of obstructed area to total area can be estimated from remotely sensed data using the studied indices. This would facilitate the estimation of hydraulic roughness coefficients for computation of flood profiles needed for bridge design. FD and Moran's I remained fairly constant around the values of 2.7 and 0.9 (resp.) for samples with either greater than 50% saplings or less than 50% sawtimber and with ranges of 2.7–2.9 and 0.6–0.9 as the saplings decreased or the sawtimber increased. Those indices can also distinguish hardwood and softwood species facilitating forested landscapes mapping for preliminary environmental impact analysis.


The cell surface protein profile of the slime-forming, encapsulated (mucoid) Streptococcus lactis ssp. cremoris Ts from "villi" is compared with two variants of the same strain that do not produce slime: strain Ts/30 was obtained by using an elevated growth temperature of 30°C and the nonmucoid strain Ts/NS spontaneously at the growth temperature of 17°C. The profiles of cell surface proteins extractable by Triton X-100 were studied by the immunoblotting method. The spontaneous change of Ts phenotype to Ts/NS brought about appreciable diminution in four and a loss in two cell surface polypeptides. Four of these, with molecular weights of 70,000, 54,000, 47,000, and 40,000, have previously been found to be located in the cell wall of two slime-forming, encapsulated strains. The polypeptides with molecular weights of 42,000 and 26,000 are present in the slime-forming mucoid variant Ts and also in Ts/30 cells but absent from the nonmucoid Ts/NS-cells. These two polypeptides may have some role in slime production and mucoidness and remain to be studied further. These analyses provide useful information for the purification and further characterization of surface antigens connected with slime


Purpose: Current CT scanners perform CT scans by rotating a single beam x‐ray source around an object and collect multiple projection images sequentially, one at a time. The serial approach demands fast gantry rotation and high x‐ray peak power which in turn limits the CT scanning speed. To overcome those limitations, novel CT scanners with multiple x‐ray sources have been proposed and developed, such as the Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (DSR) from Mayo Clinic and the dual source CT from Siemens. Our approach is based on the carbon nanotubefield emission multi‐pixel x‐ray technology and Hadamard multiplexing principle. Method and Materials: For the proposed stationary multiplexingCT scanner, multiple x‐ray sources are spatially distributed along the CT scanning path. It completely eliminates the need for gantry rotation during CT scans. Furthermore, since the x‐ray radiation can be readily modulated to form different waveforms due to its field emission mechanism, the CT scanning procedure can be multiplexed based on Hadamard multiplexing principle which has been widely used in analytical instruments and communication areas to improve data throughput. Results: Without considering noise effects, Hadamard multiplexing method can increase the imaging speed by a factor of (N+1)/2 where N is the number of projection images, without increasing the x‐ray peak power. This becomes significant when N is large (∼1000). Experimentally, even with the presence of noises, we have successfully demonstrated that significant gain in terms of imaging speed for Hadamard multiplexing can be achieved using our prototype multi‐pixel x‐ray imaging system. Conclusion: We show the feasibility of Hadamard multiplexingradiography that enables simultaneous collection of multiple x‐ray images. The combination of the multi‐pixel x‐ray technology and multiplexing principle has the potential to lead to a new generation of stationary multiplexingCT scanners that have drastically increased data throughput and reduced x‐ray peak power.


In this paper we study the singularities of the rectifying Gaussian surface of a nonlightlike curve in Minkowski 3-space.Moreover we establish the relationships between the singularities of these subjects and the geometric invariants of curves which are deeply related to the order of contact with helices.


Source Citation Frequent Hemodialysis Network Trial Group, Chertow GM, Levin NW, et al. In-center hemodialysis six times per week versus three times per week. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:2287-300. 21091062


It is necessary to develop and utilize the Chinese ancient athletic literature kept in the reference rooms of the P.E. departments. Stressing on the relationship between the imitative movements and the health,the author states that the former can invigorate the latter,prevent and cure disease and deter the human bodys degeneration and so on.


To reduce the dimensionality of dataset, redundant and irrelevant features need to be segregated from multidimensional dataset. To remove these features, one of the feature selection techniques needs to be used. Here, a feature selection technique to remove irrelevant features has been used. Correlation measures based on the concept of mutual information has been adopted to calculate the degree of association between features. In this paper authors are proposing a new algorithm to segregate features from high dimensional data by visualizing relevant features in the form of graph as a dataset.


Abstract A survey is presented on recent investigations of the metal-to-insulator transition in two-dimensional systems with special emphasis on n-Si–MOS structures. Experimental facts are presented and the currently open questions on the nature of this transition are addressed.


We sought to identify blood and condition parameters that act as predictors of long term survival in juvenile Steller sea lions monitored through mark-resight techniques. Increased mass and mean white blood cell counts were found to best predict long term survival and were associated with higher survival rates in juveniles.


1. A simple method suitable for repeated bone marrow aspirations in the unanesthetized monkey has been described.

2. Data have been presented as to the myelogram of 25 normal Macacus rhesus monkeys.


Abstract Background Reports of anxiety disorder characteristics among youth in clinical settings typically include descriptions of patients who have been specifically referred for anxiety treatment. At odds with a large body of evidence which demonstrates these disorders to be most common among young people, prevalence studies in samples referred to general psychiatry for multiple causes are scarce and report highly discrepant estimates. Methods For this study and regardless of their presenting symptoms, 125 adolescents (57.6% girls) between the ages of 12 and 18 years who were consecutively referred to two child and adolescent general psychiatry clinics in Sweden were assessed for anxiety disorders and comorbidity using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children. Self-ratings of anxiety symptoms and difficulties with family, school, friends, sleep, and body aches were also obtained. Results At least one anxiety disorder was found in 46% of participants. Among anxious adolescents, homotypic comorbidity (concurrent anxiety) was observed in 43%, and heterotypic comorbidity (concurrent non-anxiety psychiatric disorders) was observed in 91%. No comorbidity was observed in 5%. Trauma, ache, and difficulties making friends were more common among anxious adolescents as compared with psychiatrically referred adolescents without anxiety. Conclusions The finding that only 21% of adolescents diagnosed with anxiety disorders were referred for anxiety further supports the routine use of standardized and structured instruments—irrespective of referral cause—to improve both precision and detection rates in the clinical setting. Comprehensive assessments are of utmost importance to fully address the complexity of the symptoms in this patient group.


There are several views on the problems of people with disabilities, called 'models', but they address issues not so much of interaction as of different perspectives on attitudes towards people themselves and rather on perceptions of disability. However, none of them considers human interaction as a subject with a specific object. This article proposes a simplified theoretical conceptual model that considers the interaction between the person as a subject with a specific object, and is applicable to different subjects and objects in different contexts.


Dislocation of the radial head is commonly associated with fracture of proximal third of the ulnar diaphysis. Radial head dislocation occurring with a concomitant radial and ulnar metaphyseal fracture is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, such an uncommon injury seems not to be reported. The mechanism of injury can only be postulated.


Dr. B. MYERS said the present case appeared to be on all fours with one which he had seen eighteen months ago and which ended fatally. The patient came into hospital with another complaint, and was found to be affected with hemi-hypertrophy of the right leg, the left leg being normal. There was one and a half inches increase in the circumference of the thigh. The child caught an infectious disease and died at a fever hospital. Dr. J. D. Rolleston kindly asked him to be present at the necropsy. The right leg was seen to be three-quarters of an inch longer than its fellow. It was decided to open the two limbs in identical positions and compare bones, muscles, &c., of the two sides. The two femora were of nearly the same thickness, the right being just a little thicker. Comparing muscle with muscle, there was no very appreciable difference. The increase in the circumference of the right thigh was found to be due almost entirely to excess of fatty tissue containing a distinct amount of fibrous tissue. 'Why had that child one limb longer than the other? Under one foot there was a very large pad of fat, which accounted for practically all the difference.


—Segregated witnesses (SegWit) is the most controversial modification performed in the Bitcoin protocol so far. Although it was a soft fork modification with backward compatibility, some miners reluctance to accept the improvement let finally to a fork in the Bitcoin blockchain that produced the new Bitcoin Cash cryptocurrency. In this paper, we describe the segregated witness upgrade providing information about its motivation and improvements in terms of security (malleability) and scalability (payment channels). Furthermore, we provide some data on its real adoption on the Bitcoin ecosystem.


COVID-19 Epidemic broke out in 2020. Online teaching was adopted by teachers. Due to the change of teaching mode, the teaching design should be changed accordingly. Online teaching during the epidemic was a kind of distance teaching which used more teaching methods and platforms than MOOC and SPOC. Three teaching methods could be used, such as problem-based learning, task-driven and team teaching, which were beneficial to motivate students to study independently. And some platforms could be chosen, such as SuperStar Erya platform, SuperStar learning APP, QQ Group and Tencent classroom. Teachers can use these platforms to present their teaching content, manage the teaching process and analyze learning data. Moreover, the study has provided a feasible teaching program on how to use those platforms and teaching methods for online teaching during the COVID-19 epidemic. Finally, this paper presents a teaching design by taking "the course of database principle" as an example.


Asma'u Fodiyo is a major figure in African history. Born in 1793 at Degel, she was the daughter of Shehu an Fodiyo, who let his approval of her be known. Her scholarship and organizational skills were put to use by her brother, Caliph Muhammad Bello, who realized that some of the next generation would be born to slave mothers captured in the jihad. Many of these mothers were followers of a spirit cult and had but a hazy knowledge of Islam. Asma'u was put at the helm of women's education and wrote easy-to-learn poetry to teach her students how to be good Muslims. From her home she identified women leaders in rural areas and devised a way of banding women together so they could travel in safety to meet her, receive instruction, learn her songs and take them home to put to use in the community. She died in 1863 and was buried close to her father.


Recent interest in the securitization of immigration has highlighted a significant shift in immigration enforcement, from border regulation to the control of territorially present populations. Emphasis has focused on the production of migrant illegality and strategies that criminalize undocumented workers. In this article, we shift the focus of analysis to examine how legal residents convicted of non-immigration-related criminal offences are also actively produced as deportable subjects. Drawing on research examining records of appeal cases involving Jamaican nationals in removal proceedings consequent to a criminal conviction, we illustrate how deportability is produced by the deportation process itself, through legal practices that assert migrant criminality and alienage. We suggest 'criminality' not only comes to represent migrant subjectivity, at the expense of other forms of subjectivity based on belonging and territorial presences, but acts as affirmation of alienage.


The research work showed a comparative bibliometric study of two renowned medical journals between 2001 and 2010 in Nigeria. Information/data were transcribed on the cataloguing cards for the generation of databank. Subjects analyses were carried out using Medial subject headings (MESH). Medical tree structure was used to determine the broad spectrum down to the specifics of each concept. Bradford's Mathematical model was used to analyze the data. The study revealed that 1037 research articles were published within the period of study. Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine (NQJHM) pooled 374 (36.07%) while African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences had the highest number of articles published 663 (63.93%). Research activities reached its peak in the last quarter. The results showed that out of 21,093 references cited, NQJHM produced 7234 (34.30%) and AJMMS recorded the highest work 13,859 (65.70%). In terms of yearly distribution 2004 pooled the highest with 2746 (13.02%) and the lowest was in 2002 with 1761(8.35%). Three authorship collaborations ranked the highest, followed by two authorships. 134 subjects were analyzed in the study. Subject productivity showed that dental sciences pooled the highest with 80 (7.7%) and followed by Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome with 48 (4.6%). Lagos State pooled the highest (360), followed by Oyo State (357) all situated in South West of Nigeria. Key/word: Bibliometric, Scientometric, Research productivity. Research Distribution, Citation Analysis, and Bradford's Statistical Model, Medical journals.


The meaning of numbers which is often referred to as Number Sense is very important for students to understand specifically in elementary school. Correspondingly, elementary school students who are new to numbers must be given a real experience that they experience as a means of building an understanding of the meaning of numbers. In connection with that, this study aims to investigate the understanding of elementary school students in class I who are taught with instructional media in the design of coastal areas. The subjects of this study consisted of 2 elementary schools with a total of 42 subjects who were located on the coast. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of learning and its impact on number sense. The results of the data analysis showed that the effectiveness of learning mathematics using media designed in the coastal area was in a good category and students' understanding of the meaning of numbers after treatment significantly increased by 21.3%.


An accurate and updated estimate of the attitude of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is crucial for their control and displacement. Errors in the attitude can cause a misuse of the limited energy sources of UAVs or accidents. For the estimation of the attitude, Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are widely applied; they are, however, susceptible to inertial guidance error. With antenna arrays currently being incorporated to UAVs to improve their communication with ground stations, we can take advantage of such an antenna array structure in order to estimate the attitude. In this paper, we therefore propose an attitude estimation system based on an antenna array which could be used to improve the estimates of IMUs. We deliver iterative expressions to compute the attitude under usage of the estimated phase delays of the impinging signals over the antenna array. By means of simulations, we show the feasibility of our proposed solution for different SNR levels as well as for multipath scenarios.


The case described by Weetman et al 1 confirms the difficulty in managing drug induced (tardive) dyskinesia and dystonia, and suggests that posteroventral pallidotomy should be considered as a possible treatment option for this condition.

We report on a patient with similarly severe and refractory drug induced dystonia, and dyskinesia who responded to a right thalamotomy, a potentially safer surgical procedure than pallidotomy.2 3

A 66 year old right handed, retired newsagent had a long history of a bipolar affective disorder beginning at the age of 25 years. He had been treated with a combination of tricyclic antidepressant drugs, antipsychotic drugs, lithium carbonate, and electroconvulsive therapy. In 1993 his medication was changed from 25 mg thioridazine thrice daily to 2 mg trifluoperazine thrice daily (because of postural hypotension). Two months later the patient started to complain of abnormal neck movements associated with facial grimacing and neck pain. He …


The aim of this study was to examine the emphatic skills of the students according to their programs at the Physical Education and Sports school of Kocaeli University. For that purpose, 240 students whose ages were : 22.70±2.19 years from programs of Physical Education and Sports Teachers, Coaching, Management of sports, Recreation, at the Physical Education and Sports School of Kocaeli University participated in the this study voluntarily. Emphatic skill scale developed by Dokmen (1998) was used in the study. In the analysis of data, descriptive statistical techniques; in the independent groups t test, pearson correlation and anova test were used. The data were tested according to the 13.0 statistical program and significance level was found 0.05. It was found that the emphatic skill points of the PE and Sports Teacher program were : 138.85±11.81, the emphatic skill points of the Coaching program were : 138.46±12.50, the emphatic skill points of Management of Sports program were : 143.43±15.92, the emphatic skill points of Recreation program were :141.40±15.07. A significiant difference was not found between the emphatic skill points of the students who were different programs (p>0.05). A significiant difference was found between the emphatic skill of male students :136.46±12.53 and the emphatic skill of female students :145.77±14.09 (p<0.05). Moreover, a significiant relation statistically was found between the emphatic skill and age also between the emphatic skill and gender (p<0.05). As a conclusion, empathy has a feature which is bloker for disagreement in communications. However, empathy can provide the contribution to improve social behaviors and for process of coherence in society. According to these explanations, for emphatic students we can say that the students are pieces of structure which will form a emphatic society. In this way, it can be said that the empatic skill points of PE and Sports students are not low but improving the empatic skills of them is important for a better future of sports in our country.


This beautiful universe is full of mathematical and engineering problems involving nonlinear equations 𝑓(𝑥)=0. The main theme of this paper is to develop an Algorithm to enhance the speed and convergence of bracketing methods for determining the root of nonlinear equations. For this cause, Newton forward interpolation difference formula and Bisection Method are recruit. Developed interpolation technique method guarantees that it converges towards thereal root faster than Bisection Method and RegulaFalsi Method. Few numerical examples are also conferred in this paper to inspect the efficiency of developed method and compared with other existing methods. It is examined from the results that the performance of developed method is better than the existing methods such as Bisection Method and RegulaFalsi Method.


The field experiment was conducted during rabi season of the year 2012-13 at Potato Research Station, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Deesa with nine treatment combinations consisting of three levels of nitrogen viz., 225 kg N/ha, 275 kg N/ha and 325 kg N/ha and three levels of potassium viz., 225 kg K2O/ha, 275 kg K2O/ha and 325 kg K2O/ha tested under factorial randomized block design with four replications. The yield of "A" and "B" grade tubers was increased upto 275 kg N/ha. nitrogen levels brought significant variation in chips colour index and content of reducing sugar. In case of Potassium, Potassium levels 325 kg K2O/ha and 275 kg K2O/ha behaved equally and produced significantly higher weight of 'A' and 'B' grade tuber with minimum weight of 'C' grade tubers. Maximum reducing sugar content and chips color index score were observed with the application of 325 kg K2O/ha however increase was upto 275 kg K2O/ha. Thus, for getting higher production of processing grade tuber yield and net realization, potato cv., Kufri Chipsona-3 should be fertilized with 275 kg N/ha and 275 kg K2O/ha.


Landslide is a major natural disaster in India or countries elsewhere where significant portion of landmass is in mountainous areas. For such areas, identification of landslide forms a fundamental input to develop landslide hazard management and mitigation measures. Previously, landslides used to be identified either by manual image interpretation process or by field investigations that demanded considerable amount of time and labour. Recently, a new technique using advanced object-based image classification method is developed to automatically detect landslides from satellite data. This technique imitates the human interpretation process in identification of landslides. This technique has the potential to be integrated in the DMS programme of ISRO for landslide incidence and hazard mapping.


An incubation experiment was carried out to evaluate the rate of arsenic release from roots to soil during root mineralisation, in order to determine the viability of phytostabilisation of metal-polluted soil. Arsenic (As)-loaded roots were mixed with the soil, monitoring arsenic, phosphorus, copper and zinc solubility and pH. Arsenic dynamics in soil during root mineralisation depend on various factors such as mineralisation rate, pH and soil chemistry. After 56 days incubation, only the soil with T. gallica roots showed higher NH4(SO4)2-extractable As than soil without roots. Phosphorus release was positively correlated with extractable arsenic. Extractable Cu depended on root mineralisation but Zn solubility was controlled by soil pH. On the whole, species with high As accumulation in roots and a high mineralisation rate may release arsenic in soluble forms in the soil immediately after root addition, but the soil can partly retain arsenic subsequently. In this respect, the risk of As mobilisation due to root decomposition was found to be low, confirming the prospects for long-term phytomanagement and phytostabilisation of arsenic.


Alzheimer's disease and Vascular dementia are two different diseases in the nervous system.The two diseases often occur in the clinical overlap,early lesions and symptoms varied,which makes it difficult to distinguish them.Applying some imaging diagnostic techniques,such as CT,MRI and SPECT,may provide useful objective basis for both diagnosis and treatment of the two disease.


Summary Since the onset of the modern era of biotechnology in 1973, scientists have made impressive strides in developing new biotechnologies for agriculture (reviewed in Metabolic Modifiers, 1994; Etherton et al., 2003). Biotechnologies that enhance productivity and productive efficiency (feed consumed/unit of output) have been developed and approved for commercial use. Technologies that improve productive efficiency will benefit both producers and consumers because feed provision constitutes a major component (about 70%) of farm expenditures. Advances in biotechnology research have allowed impressive improvements to be made in diagnostic approaches, increasing microbial safety of food and improving animal health (reviewed in Etherton et al., 2003). The application of genomics, or the study of how genes (DNA) are organized and expressed, and bioinformatics in animal agriculture will provide new genetic markers for improved selection of all livestock species. Biotechnology also offers considerable potential to animal agriculture as a means to reduce nutrients and odors from manure as well as the volume of manure produced. Development and adoption of these biotechnologies will contribute to a more sustainable environment.


Teaching styles that do not match learners' needs can limit the effectiveness of even the most experienced and knowledgeable teachers. Students' assessments of teachers' teaching styles are therefore critical if we are to get a clear picture of how effective teaching is. There are other ways to gauge how well a teacher is doing her job, but this is an unavoidable concept where the perspectives of both male and female students must be taken into account. As a general rule, each person is unique in his or her thinking, but he or she may also share some commonalities with others. This is true for language learners, too. For the purpose of this study, the researchers surveyed Bangladeshi English language learners at the tertiary level to see if there were any differences or similarities between male and female students' perceptions of teachers' competencies. All 99 students of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU)'s Faculty of Fisheries who took part in the survey to evaluate the quality of their current three English language teachers were included in this study.


Background— Role of non-complement activating antibodies (Abs) to mismatched donor HLA in pathogenesis of chronic lung rejection is not known. We utilized a murine model of obliterative airway disease (OAD) induced by Abs to MHC class I and serum from donor specific Abs (DSA) developed human lung transplantation (LTx) recipients (LTxR) to test the role of non-complement activating Abs in development of OAD and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). Methods— Noncomplement activating anti-MHC (ncAbs) were administered intrabronchially in B.10 mice or in C3 knockout (C3KO) mice. Lungs were analyzed by histopathology. Lymphocytes secreting IL-17, IFN- γ or IL-10 to Collagen V (ColV) and K-alpha 1 tubulin (K α 1T) were enumerated by ELISpot. Serum Abs to ColV and K α 1T determined by ELISA. Cytokine and growth factor expression in lungs was determined by RTPCR. DSA from patients with BOS and control BOS-negative LTxR were analyzed by C1q assay. Results— in wild type mice and in complement C3 knock out (C3KO) mice intrabronchially and tested their role in the development of OAD using the murine model OAD (7). In addition, we also tested BOS+ve and stable human LTxR for C1q binding DSA. We demonstrate that administration of ncAbs to MHC class I in wild type and C3KO mice results in OAD. This was associated with development of T-helper (Th)-17 immune responses to ColV and K α 1T and up-regulation of profibrotic cytokines and growth factors.