Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the affective perceptions of remote‐site distance learning students, host‐site distance learning students, and traditional classroom students toward the experiences they encounter while taking courses from the College of Education at Valdosta State University. The study used a survey instrument containing twenty‐one Likert‐scale statements grouped into four clusters (student‐teacher interaction, overall course enjoyment/satisfaction, course structure, and the physical learning environment). The instrument was mailed to a sample of 495 students. Results of the study indicated no significant differences between the three groups in regard to student/teacher interaction or course structure. However, the remote‐ and host‐site groups responded significantly less positively to questions dealing with the physical learning environment than did students in the traditional group, and the host‐site group responded significantly less positively to questions dealing wit...


Author tried to find forces applied on the femur and to express them mathematically. This paper includes: (a) Mathematical division of human anatomical configuration by Fibonacci's number and Schooling's concept. (b) Insertion of head of femur by the use centre of gravity into the hip-bone (c) Weight distribution through the neck of the femur to the shaft. (d) Capacity of absorbing stress & strain by the shaft of the femur due to its Spiralic Helical formation of bone-grains.


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) provide noteworthy advantages over conventional methods for various real-time applications, i.e., healthcare, temperature sensing, smart homes, homeland security, and environmental monitoring. However, limited resources, short life-time network constraints, and security vulnerabilities are the challenging issues in the era of WSNs. Besides, WSNs performance is susceptible to network anomalies, particularly to misdirection attacks. The above-mentioned issues pose our attentions to produce a security-aware application. In this work, therefore, we present a Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm for Misdirection Attack Detection and Prevention (RL-MADP) in WSNs. In our proposed approach, other than the flat architecture configuration for WSN, Markov Decision Process (MDP) from RL is considered. Where, each sensor node is fully aware of its environment. It is an online method and incurs minimal computation cost, and performs load-balancing with higher residual energy to prolong the network lifetime.


The land snail Pristiloma idahoense (Pilsbry, 1902) is reported from Montana for the first time. Five live individuals were found under downed wood beneath a mature coniferous forest canopy at 1670 m elevation in the Big Creek drainage of the Bitterroot Mountains, Ravalli County, Montana. This location extends the known range approximately 75 km east and over the crest of the Bitterroot Mountains from the nearest sites in Idaho County, Idaho and supports the hypothesis that the terrestrial mollusc fauna of Montana west of the continental divide has been strongly influenced by a molluscan radiation, which developed in a northern Idaho Pleistocene refuge. The probable route of dispersal for P. idahoense  between the Bitterroot Mountains of Montana and the adjacent Lochsa River drainage of Idaho was over the lower mountains to the north in the Lolo Pass area.


Modeling of complex construction problems for randomly changing technological processes occurs during the production of rubber compounds. Without a good knowledge of the technology of producing rubber compounds, durable and efficient mixers cannot be designed. The conducted industrial research has been shown that the process of mixing the raw materials varies in time and that the forces acting inside the mixer chamber are distributed randomly. During the mixing process of the chemical components, the position of the force changes inside the mixing chamber. The load on the mixer changes over time - as a result of mixing the raw materials and the pressure of the beater. After feeding the raw materials into the mixing chamber, a big concentrated force is reacted on the ram of the mixer, which over time is transformed into several concentrated forces acting simultaneously. Then, as a result of mixing raw materials, temperature and chemical reactions, a pressure acts on the walls of the chamber and the ram of mixer. The conducted research has proved that the most dangerous, from the point of view of the mechanical durability of the mixer, is the first stage of production, in which the beater is subjected to concentrated force. Then, the compactor deforms much more and it can scratch the surface leading to damage to the mixer. The conducted research allows for a much better understanding of the process and thus to carry out a variant simulation of deformations occurring during operation, and thus to improve the durability of the mixer mechanisms.


ABSTRACT Classic Hollywood horror films, even when produced at rival studios, demonstrate a surprising degree of consistency in their use of the music of Frédéric Chopin as a musical signifier. While as a general rule in these films conflicted selves are on display, Chopin's music overflows one hermeneutic potential to embrace others necessary to each narrative. An investigation into how Chopin's music functions in the diegesis of three films—Dracula's Daughter (1936), I Walked with a Zombie (1943), and The Amazing Mr. X (1948)—examines how the composer's music works to enrich the meaning of each of the films.


The teaching concept should be renovated in history teaching reform and some practice and exploration should be carried out bravely in treating history teaching materials,which includes designing teaching process carefully,reorganizating textbook,highlighting key points,simplifying the complexity to simplicity,opening classes,strengthening cooperation,enriching teaching contents,extending teaching space,teaching with media and creating situations.Flexible teaching methods are adopted to close to students' lives and draw students' considerations.Aiming at the new problems and circumstances,we should pay attention to the textbook choices and make the teaching scientific,innovative and effective.


Impaired glucose tolerant (IGT) adults are at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise or metformin reduce CVD risk, but the efficacy of combining treatments is unclear.


PR-domain containing 16 (Prdm16) has an asymmetric expression pattern in the developing cardiovascular system, including ventricular myocardium, endocardium and arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cell (SMC) layers. Heterozygous PRDM16 mutations in humans have been linked with early-onset cardiomyopathy resulting in heart failure. Myocardial PRDM16-deficiency has been suggested as the culprit for this cardiomyopathy, however embryonic Prdm16 deletion in cardiomyocytes or their progenitors in mice only results in symptomatic cardiac defects upon metabolic stress or ageing. This suggests that Prdm16 loss in other cell types has an important co-contribution in the early heart phenotype seen in patients with causal PRDM16 variants.

 To investigate the adjuvant role of non-cardiomyocytes to the heart phenotype caused by Prdm16 deficiency, we used a conditional mouse model in which deletion of Prdm16 occurs in all cells expressing an Sm22-driven Cre recombinase which has a combined activity in cardiomyocyte and non-cardiomyocyte lineages in the heart, including SMCs and pericytes.

 Mice carrying two Prdm16 alleles with a floxed exon 9 (Prdm16fl/fl) were intercrossed with the Sm22-Cre driver line. Offspring of Sm22Cre+; Prdm16fl/fl and Sm22Cre−; Prdm16fl/fl breeding pairs was monitored for Mendelian inheritance and for signs of (progressive) cardiac dysfunction by echocardiography at 5 and 16 weeks of age. Hearts were isolated and analyzed for RNA expression levels of cardiac stress markers Atrial and Brain Natriuretic Peptide (ANP and BNP) via quantitative RT-PCR and histologically for the appearance of fibrosis through Sirius red-staining.

 Genotyping at 5 weeks of age showed a loss of 60.4% of Sm22Cre+; Prdm16fl/fl offspring. Mice surviving at 5 weeks spontaneously developed signs of left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunction, the latter shown by a significantly reduced ejection fraction (EF; 37±3% vs. 61±3% in control Sm22Cre−; Prdm16fl/fl littermates). Cardiac expression levels of ANP and BNP were significantly increased (728-fold and 36-fold, respectively) in Sm22Cre+; Prdm16fl/fl mice which also showed perivascular fibrosis compared to control littermates. At 16 weeks of age, this aberrant cardiac phenotype further progressed (EF: 32±3% vs. 57±4%; ANP: 2,541-fold increase; BNP: 129-fold increase) and in addition to perivascular fibrosis, hearts also showed interstitial fibrosis (Sirius red+ area: 17±2% vs. 3.0±0.4% in control littermates).

 Unlike recently reported mice with a Prdm16 deficiency in cardiomyocytes or their (precursor) lineages, mice with a combined loss of Prdm16 in the cardiomyocytes and certain non-cardiomyocyte lineages feature early mortality and (progressive) signs of severe heart failure. Therefore, Prdm16 expressed by non-cardiomyocytes is indispensable for proper cardiac function and its loss in these cell types co-determines the aberrant cardiac phenotype.

 Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Strategic Basic Research pre-doctoral fellowship (1S25817N)KU Leuven Research Coordination grant (C14/19/095)


The Radio on Fiber (ROF) technique has great potential in wireless communication systems. In this paper, we report on a fundamental examination of microwave wireless access systems based on Radio on Fiber. First, we designed and constructed examination systems by applying dual band (2.4 and 5 GHz) multiservice transmission systems and confirmed that there was sufficient performance through a transmission experiment. Then, application of FP‐LD (Fabry Perot Laser Diode) was considered in order to reduce the system cost, and for the most part degradation of the transmission characteristics was not observed when FP‐LD was used. Finally, a BIDI (bidirectional) module which integrated LD and PD within one package was made to further reduce costs. By measuring the transmission performance, applying the BIDI module to ROF systems was shown to be effective. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 160(4): 32–40, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20471


Communication between two neighboring nodes is a very basic operation in wireless networks. Yet very little research has focused on the local delay in networks with randomly placed nodes, defined as the mean time it takes a node to connect to its nearest neighbor. We study this problem for Poisson networks, first considering interference only, then noise only, and finally and briefly, interference plus noise. In the noiseless case, we analyze four different types of nearest-neighbor communication and compare the extreme cases of high mobility, where a new Poisson process is drawn in each time slot, and no mobility, where only a single realization exists and nodes stay put forever. It turns out that the local delay behaves rather differently in the two cases. We also provide the low- and high-rate asymptotic behavior of the minimum achievable delay in each case. In the cases with noise, power control is essential to keep the delay finite, and randomized power control can drastically reduce the required (mean) power for finite local delay.


Elective course is an important approach for strengthening college students' quality education and improving their comprehensive qualities and abilities. Through the elaboration of the current elective courses in colleges and universities and combining the actual situations of colleges, teachers, students and other aspects, the paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasure and suggestions so as to improve the teaching and management of elective courses. Based on the explorations and practices of elective course teaching manage in my college, the paper analyzes and summarizes the problems of elective courses in other domestic colleges and puts forward specific implementation strategies of elective course management in colleges.


Fezolinetant (Veozah – Astellas), a first-in-class neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS) due to menopause.


V Sampath is presently a Professor of Metallurgical and Materials Engg. at IIT Madras. He holds a PhD from IISc, Bengaluru and has three decades of research and teaching experience. His fields of interest are: shape memory alloys, smart materials, nanoand composite materials, and structure-property correlation in materials. The behaviour of rubber differs from that of conventional materials. Rubber heats up on stretching and cools on retraction. Also, stretched rubber shrinks on heating (thermoelastic shrinkage) while a stretched metal elongates. The elastic recovery of rubber is due to its tendency to maximize the entropy. The same property also causes the thermoelastic shrinkage. Metallic materials possess energy elasticity, while ideal rubber possesses entropy elasticity. The thermodynamic behaviour of rubber is similar to that of gaseous materials. Hence rubber can be used as an aid for teaching thermodynamics.


Geweke studied the measure of linear dependence and spectral feedback for grouped multivariate time series. This paper applies the measure of linear dependence and spectral feedback to examining the relationship between grouped variables of economy and stock market indices. Putting economic variables into one group and stock market variables into another, we examine the between-group relationship within the US, within Japan, and within the European Union. Using a self-developed computing program, the feedback spectra for grouped variables are calculated and displayed. Although risk might exist in that the significance levels for test may not be reliable because the feedback spectra are measured on possibly nonstationary variables in level, the patterns of the feedback spectra still provide information about the cyclical effect between the variable groups.


Because of legislative regulations like OBDII, on-board diagnosis has gained much interest lately. A model based approach is suggested for the diagnosis of the air intake system of an SI-engine. Im ...


Animal and food characteristics, which exercise an influence on protein utilisation, are discussed in the first part of our paper. Maintenance requirements have been related to the metabolic body weight and amount to 3.0 g DCP/kg WI-11 resp. 3.25 g PDI/kg W 0. 15. Protein requirements for growth depend on the amount of protein deposited by the animal. Protein deposition is higher in bulls than in steers, and higher in late-maturing than in early-maturing breeds. Moreover, protein accretion has been shown to be age-dependent, The information on the efficiency of utilisation of absorbed amino acids for tissue synthesis is still insufficient. Based on the data of INRA, a value of 0.63 has been adopted for our calculations. Amino acids absorbed from the small intestine of ruminants are supplied by undegraded food proteins and by microbial proteins synthesised in the rumen. The available data on protein degradation indicate that as much as 85 per cent and as little as 30 per cent may be degraded in the rumen. The synthesis of microbial protein is essentially governed by the energy supply and by the availability of nutrients, especially nitrogen. To simplify matters, the quantity of microbial protein has been related to the DOM intake, the relevant figure being 135 g microbial crude protein per kg DOM. The true digestibility of (undegraded) food protein is obtained from a regression equation. The values resulting from this equation are in the range of 60 95 per cent. With regard to the true digestibility of microbial protein, a value of 70 per cent is adopted. Examples of the co-ordination of protein requirements and protein supply are given in the second part of the paper. A factorial approach has been used for this purpose. Rations are formulated for two breeds (Friesian and Charolais) at the beginning and the end of the fattening period. The basic feedstuffs to be used are grass silage and maize silage ; a "cereal mixture" and an "oil meal mixture" are assumed to be available concentrates. With the grass silage diet, a forage : concentrate ratio of 60 : 40 (Friesians) resp. 40 : 60 (Charolais) was chosen. With the maize silage diets, the corresponding ratio was 80 : 20 and 60 : 40 for the two breeds. The factorial analysis shows the required crude protein content to be highest for the young animals on the grass silage diet (15.8 15.9 per cent CP in DM). The corresponding value for young animals on the maize silage diets is 14.5 per cent resp. 15.1 per cent for Friesian and Charolais bulls. The appropriate CP content for the heavy animals varies only little with diet and breed (12.0 13.0 per cent). The omission of the oil meal mixture in the second half of the fattening period leads to a deficit in rumen degradable nitrogen. In our model, this gap is filled by the addition of urea. In our example rations, the utilisation of feed nitrogen (N deposition divided by N intake) can be assumed to be 0.22 0.26 at the beginning and 0.13 0.16 at the end of the fattening period.


Pierre Chartrand argues that improvisation has become more and more restricted in dance today. Free improvisation has been replaced by a rigidity in presenting folklore dance patterns. Where traditional dancers could vary the steps and patterns in ways that were acceptable to their community, academic folk lorists tend to fix them in one form, which is presented as a spectacle, and thus helps to destroy the living folk dance.


Network representation learning represents nodes in networks as low-dimension vectors which has been attracting increasing attention recently due to its effectiveness in network analysis tasks such as classification and link prediction. In this paper, our focus is on content curation social networks (CCSNs). There are more than one user relation subnetworks formed by different user relations in a social media network. However, most of existing representation learning algorithms usually study only one subnetwork which cannot study users from different views. On the other hand, most of the existing approaches are designed for universal networks which do not consider the unique characteristics of different networks. We propose a multi-perspective network representation based on human curation (MNHC) model, which aims to infer network representations across multiple relations in CCSNs. The network representation model utilizes the unique structure of networks and human curation signals in CCSNs which combines two user relation subnetworks and human curation signals for informative network representations. Experiment results show that the model could obtain good performance in both classification and link prediction tasks.


Background : Cardiac complications are the less common fatal effect of acute organophosphate poisoning. This study was undertaken to analyze the pre-interventional cardiac and Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in acute organophosphate poisoning cases. Materials and Methods: Clinical records of acute organophosphate poisoning patients of age less than 50 years admitted to KLE's Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belgaum, Karnataka, from 01-01-2010 to 31-12-2010 were analyzed. Cases of organophosphate poisonings referred from other hospitals, poisoning with multiple agents, patients with history of previous cardiac diseases and coexisting medical conditions were excluded from the study. Poisoning Severity Score was calculated as per International Programme on Chemical Safety and patients were grouped into 3 grades. Results: In this study, 50 cases of acute organophosphate poisoning (male - 32; female - 18) were analyzed. Sinus tachycardia was present in 45 patients (90%), hypertension in 13 (26%) and hypotension in 12 (24%). Prolonged corrected QT interval was observed in 14 patients (28%), elevated ST segment in 2 (4%), inverted T wave in 13 (26%) and conduction defects in 1 (2%). Among 14 patients with prolonged corrected QT interval, 12 were in grade III and 2 in grade II severity; and, among 13 patients who had inverted T wave, 2 were in grade I, 4 in grade II and 7 in grade III severity. Acidosis, as assessed by blood pH and HCO 3 , was observed in 22 patients (44%). Conclusion: Fatal cardiac complications do occur in acute organophosphate poisoning, which are overlooked at times as the most common complications expected are respiratory complications. Higher incidence of ECG changes in Grade III cases suggests that if the cardiac complications develop, the patient should be immediately transferred to an intensive cardiac care unit.


The high number of COVID-19 cases was not balanced by the number of nurses assigned to the Covid isolation room with limited PPE availability. This causes many of the duties of nurses, especially health education, could not be performed completely. Thus, it is necessary to renew the Discharge Planning procedure for Covid 19 patients according to the characteristics of Covid-19 transmission. The purpose of this community service is to increase the effectiveness of the discharge planning for the COVID-19 patients to improve self-care and prevent infection transmission at home. This community service activity consists of 4 (four) stages, namely: 1) Preparation stage for coordination with the hospital; 2) Application development phase, consisting of application design, collection of educational media; 3) Implementation, launching and socialization of applications in the hospital environment; 4) Evaluation and monitoring stage. The results of the evaluation showed that as many as 58.7% of patients had used the CNA. About 62.7% patients experience an increase of their knowledge after accessing the CNA. There were 61.6% patients stated that the CNA had increased their knowledge on home care procedure post-Covid treatment. There are 62.3% of patients feel that the CNA supports patient care at home. The benefits of the CNA were expressed by 82 patients (87.2%) with increased self-care and as many as 76 patients (80.9%) stated that the CNA educational media was more attractive and easy to understand. The conclusion of this activity is that the CNA application can be implemented as a medium of health education for patients and families to improve their ability to take care of themselves.


Addressing deficit irrigation scheduling (DIS) for strategic crop production (especially wheat) under precipitation uncertainty is a priority for irrigation scheduling in drought conditions. This research investigated the precipitation uncertainty by enacting optimistic and pessimistic scenarios for the next 20 years by considering the statistical record of climate in Badjgah area. DIS was conducted in spring in two ways: (1) reducing the quantity of irrigation water at each irrigation event; (2) reducing the number of full irrigation events. Results indicated that, owing to the effect of precipitation increase on yield enhancement, grain yield in the optimistic scenario was on average 7% higher than those obtained in the pessimistic scenario. Furthermore, grain yields obtained via the second method of DIS was on average 8% higher than those obtained by the first method of DIS and further by increasing the water reduction fraction (WRF) to 0.6, this difference reached about 20% due to the effect of early spring irrigation events on yield enhancement. At low irrigation application efficiency (Ea), the difference between DIS methods was greater at higher WRF. Net income obtained through the second method of DIS was on average 70% higher than those obtained via the first method of irrigation for all conditions due to decreasing the number of irrigation events and thus decreasing the production costs. Eventually, results indicated that in both scenarios of the precipitation uncertainty in drought conditions, the second method of DIS, i. e., application of available water based on growth stage, was more fruitful.


The latest IPCC assessment report highlights once more the need for negative emissions via carbon dioxide removal (CDR) measures to reach ambitious mitigation goals. In particular ecosystem-based CDR measures are currently the focus of national net-zero strategies and novel carbon crediting efforts. Blue carbon dioxide removal (blueCDR) options are anthropogenic activities that aim to enhance such ecosystem-based carbon sinks in the marine environment. The protection and conservation of existing marine ecosystems that naturally sequester carbon, does not qualify as CDR. Using blueCDR as an example, we highlight key challenges concerning the monitoring and evaluation of marine carbon fluxes for carbon crediting. Challenges specific to ecosystem-based CDR measures are i) the definition of baseline natural carbon fluxes, which is necessary for ii) clear anthropogenic CDR signal attribution, as well as iii) accounting for possible natural or anthropogenic disturbances of the carbon stock and hence an assessment for the durability of the carbon storage. In addition, the marine environment poses further monitoring and evaluation challenges due to i) temporal and spatial decoupling of the carbon capturing and sequestration processes, combined with ii) signal dilution due to high ecosystem connectivity, and iii) large pre-existing carbon stocks which makes any human-made increase in carbon stocks even harder to quantify. To increase the scientific rigour and ensure additionality behind issued carbon credits, we support the current trend of focusing monitoring efforts on carbon sequestration rather than on capturing processes, and on establishing a baseline for natural carbon sequestration in diverse marine ecosystems. Finally, we believe that making carbon credits subject to dynamic adjustments over time, will increase their credibility.


We discuss first order systems of rational difference equations which have the property that lines through the origin are mapped into lines through the origin. We call such systems projective systems of rational difference equations and we show a useful change of variables which helps us to understand the behavior in these cases. We include several examples to demonstrate the utility of this change of variables.


This paper describes a system developed to introduce computer management into the cultivation process in low-tech greenhouses. The proposed system is implemented as a web-based application using open source technologies and subsystems comprised of modules that provide: (1) static information about the cultivation process and marketing of the supported crops, (2) simulation and forecast models of general interest, (3) a collaboration environment and (4) expert system capabilities and support. Modular construction of the system allows easy adaptation to new products and expansion into new languages. The centralized management of information and knowledge provides approved and better quality of services. Greenhouse Intelligent Management System (GIMS) is designed to provide personalized consultation to its users. The consultation process is guided by input data provided separately by each user. After an initial authentication, the user can interact with the system individually in a personalized environment. Each user has his/her own protected storage space where he/she can store his/her data separately from those of others. The system offers a way to supervise the cultivation process, maintain records of user activities and is able to transmit special alerts for necessary actions. The overall process is monitored by an intelligent decision support system which takes into consideration the data provided by the user, as well as the results of the special models and expert systems, so that specialized advice for each individual case is given. At the present stage of development the system provides support for three crops: tomato, pepper and aubergine.


In this work, we study the formation and dynamics of polarons in a system with a few impurities in a lattice immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). This system has been experimentally realized using ultracold atoms and optical lattices. Here, we consider a two-band model for the impurity atoms, along with a Bogoliubov approximation for the BEC, with phonons coupled to impurities via both intraband and interband transitions. We decouple this Frohlich-type term by an extended two-band Lang-Firsov polaron transformation using a variational method. The new effective Hamiltonian with two (polaron) bands differs from the original Hamiltonian by modified coherent transport, polaron energy shifts, and induced long-range interaction. A Lindblad master-equation approach is used to take into account residual incoherent coupling between polaron and bath. This polaronic treatment yields a renormalized interband relaxation rate compared to Fermi's golden rule. For a strongly coupled two-band Frohlich Hamiltonian, the polaron is tightly dressed in each band and can not tunnel between them, leading to an interband self-trapping effect.


Traditional airport location work mainly relies on 2D CAD drawing to draw and express the intersection relationship of multiple three-dimensional planes in space. In this way, the mapping speed and update are slow. And it involves more professional knowledge. It is difficult for non site professionals such as the planning department and the government to understand. They still use the method of manual on-site measurement points to calculate the excavation and filling volume, which makes the site selection work and earthwork volume calculation in the site selection stage time-consuming and laborious. In this paper, the airport model based on CAD design drawing and the three-dimensional real scene model of the site to be selected based on photogrammetry technology are established. The two-dimensional GIS analysis function and three-dimensional GIS visualization function of SuperMap are used to realize the high integration of two-dimensional data and three-dimensional GIS, and the three-dimensional real scene model of airport with superimposed design drawings is established, which is used for the evaluation and display of airport site selection.


The world, as David Harvey notes above, does not come with ready-made guides for interpretation; constructing such guides is incumbent not only in everyday life but scholarly inquiry, the primary topic of this essay. Exploring how linkages between vocalist spatial scales and conceptions of ethnicity impact Indonesianist ethnography, this essay is a preliminary set of speculations that, I hope, can contribute to critiques of 'the field' (Gupta and Ferguson 1997). It responds to questions like the following: Why, when such critiques are familiar, when work on Indonesia commonly foregrounds 'modernity' and acknowledges locality's porosity, does locality reassert itself as a foundational category of knowledge? Is this epistemology and ontology an artefact of disciplinary methodology, or could the lines of causality run in the other direction, so that theories of knowledge shape fieldwork practice? Why is the idea that inhabitants of this archipelago might at least in some domains of their lives interpret ethnicity as contextualised by a prior sense of being Indonesian, rather than the converse, so rarely a hypothesis to be tested? In addressing questions like these, I explore an unease concerning the proper subject of Indonesian studies. In a recent review article, Webb Keane voices this disquiet: 'Today, as anthropology anxiously discovers itself in a world of migrants, mass media, and changeable, often violent, nation-states, the presence of "Indonesia" is unavoidably real. What has fallen into doubt is the meaning of the "local" and the value of ethnographic detail' (Keane 1999:179). He emphasises that 'if we have learned anything from postcolonial critique, it is suspicion of the historical and geographical parochialism encouraged by the confinements of fieldwork. But whose frame are we accepting when we reject "the native point of view"?' (179). Note how these


It is indicated that heat pipe exchanger technically suit buildings energy conservation by investigaing the characteristics of energy flux in buildings. Universal methodologies for practical engineering utilizing of heat pipes, with the purpose of energy recovering and saving, have been provided through systematic analysis on the utilization approaches involving HVAC systems, solar energy, geothermal energy and other low grade waste-heat utilization, and so on.


A careful study of the change in the equity ownership in MNCs in China reveals that sole foreign equity ownership is becoming an increasingly obvious trend and predictably a dominant form in the near future.This paper attempts to analyze from different perspectives the underlying causes of this very trend and its negative effects on China's FDI utilization and economic development.And corresponding policy considerations are also given at the end of this paper.


The 1021t/h boiler in Hunan Shimen Power Plant did not design refractory baffle. On the basis of reality combustion coals and low load and peak load regulating operation, try to find out the concave piece together heatinsulate layer beside burner in suitable place, which improved the condition of pulverized coal on fire and combustion, and suited needing of the reality fuel and peak load regulating operation for boiler. The analysis in the paper has great significance for the same pulverized coal boiler in today's electricity market.


This research investigated relationship ending from an interactive view of interfirm relationships on strategy. In order to understand how relationship ending can be exercised to achieve strategic goals and how the ending of relationships impact the network of which a firm is part, this research adopted a focal net perspective and collected 72 interviews as the main source of the data to construct the evolution of the focal net driven by technological change. The evolution of the focal net was marked by three net reconfigurations where the endings of relationships were observed. Towards these empirical examples of relationship ending, a discussion of relationship ending in terms of its strategic significance, its impact and its exercisability was provided.


The study by Thornton et al 1 demonstrates the pitfalls in recommending blowing into a syringe of a certain size to assure a given pressure for the Valsalva manoeuvre (VM) for the non-invasive treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. To expand on their findings, I would like to draw attention to the basic physics of a syringe and its consequences with regard to determining pressures for the VM.

In discussing the pressure needed to move the plunger of the syringe, one must distinguish between the pressure required to actuate a stationary plunger, that is the pressure needed to overcome the static friction between the plunger and the barrel (the so-called 'break loose force') and the pressure required to counterbalance the kinetic friction between the barrel and the plunger once it …


t is a very interesting time in thyroid cancer research primarily for two easons. Thyroid cancer is increasing at a rate more rapid than that of any olid tumor, and many of the genetic mutations or chromosomal transloations that cause papillary, follicular, or medullary thyroid carcinoma ave been discovered, thus providing new insights into tumor pathogensis, diagnosis and treatment. In this issue of Current Problems in urgery, Dr. Douglas Evans and his colleagues at the M. D. Anderson ancer Center have written an outstanding monograph addressing the Recent Advances in Thyroid Cancer." The monograph is divided into arious sections, including epidemiology, molecular mechanisms of ncogenesis, clinical diagnosis, primary treatment, and the place of argeted therapy in patients with advanced disease. Each section is written y an expert in their given field. The monograph provides a perspective f an institution that has made many contributions to our understanding of his highly interesting tumor complex and represents a state-of-the-art ork.


One of the main problems in autonomous electric vehicles is the energy storage, because a high autonomy and high power condition demand large mass, big volume and high cost of the storage unit. Consequently, in order to avoid power losses and to downsize the storage unit and the electric systems, the electric power train in the vehicle must be as efficient as possible. This paper proposes a methodology to optimize the efficiency of a DC-DC converter that interface the storage unit with the motor's drive. In this way, with the purpose of increasing the efficiency, this methodology combines three techniques: 1) The use of low-loss components such as Si CoolMos, GaN and SiC diodes and Mosfets, and Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors, 2) a complete power loss analysis as a function of the switching frequency and a calculation method of core losses based on the approximation of Fourier Series, and 3) the Area Product Analysis of magnetic components. With this methodology, it is possible to achieve high efficiency and high power density, which is suitable for automotive applications. The methodology has been verified with a set of tests on a 1kW prototype. As a result of the proposed methodology, a power efficiency of 99% was experimentally obtained.


X-Ray structural data on the investigation of hypervalent organogermanium compounds testify to the absence of essential differences in the structural parameters between the series of penta- and hexacoordinated compounds, regarded as models for SN-Si reactions.


Mobile Agent (MA) is software works on behalf of user with the ability to migrate from one host to another under its own control in the open network like internet. For some applications, group of mobile agents are launched in place of single MA, these MAs interact with each other to know the status of other MAs and to communicate with them. When a MA is launched, its discoverer has no control over the MA and doesn't know about its location until it comes back to the discoverer after completing its route. In order to communicate with MAs its location must be traced and an appropriate communication mechanism must be used. The major operating cost associated with location management is the large MA cost to search and update. This paper presents a solution to locate MA in a global network for multi agent environment. Proposed solution divides the global network into regions and then combines search and update based techniques to locate MA. This paper identifies the various components of the proposed scheme and models them using Coloured Petri Net (CPN) tool. Once the model is build, various tools offered by CPN are used to check the correctness of the modelled system.


The true life cycle cost of operating and maintaining a powerplant includes the penalties incurred during starts, stops, and cycling operation-the 'wear and tear' on equipment that degrades efficiencies, increases forced-outage rates, and swells maintenance budgets. Accurately determining this cost requires sophisticated analysis (and a bit of courage, because the answer can be frightening).


fort almost certainly implies a connection with the sea, and presumably with a fleet, but while this is recognized for the third century, it is not discussed in the context of the original fort. Could such an arrangement help to explain the oddity of the plan? The various specialist reports, both on the artefacts and the animal and plant remains, are excellent, although relating them to the main site report can be an unnecessarily tedious process. This is a full report which provides the reader with the required information and in which the inevitable blemishes (which include some extremely poor photographs) are greatly outweighed by its qualities.


A cellulolytic enzyme was extensively purified from a commercial crude cellulase preparation from Aspergillus niger by consecutive column chromatography. The purified enzyme was homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel as well as ampholine electrophoresis. The enzyme was an acidic protein with an isoelectric point at pH 3.67. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 31,000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. No carbohydrate moiety seemed to be associated with the enzyme protein.The optimum pH was 4.0, and the optimum temperature of the enzyme was 45~50°C. The enzyme was completely stable over the range of pH 5.0~8.0 at 4°C for 24 hr, and retained about 50% of its original activity after heating at 70°C for 10 min. The enzyme was partly inactivated by 1 mm Ag+, Hg2+, and Fe2+.The enzyme was characterized as an endocellulase on the basis of its action on carboxymethyl cellulose and cellooligosaccharides. The enzyme split cellopentaose, retaining the β-configuration of the anomeric carbon atoms...


Pollen and sediment data from a 10.5 m-deep alluvial exposure and a secondary tributary exposure at Upper Arroyo, a seasonal river, in Saltillo, Mexico, were examined with the aim of reconstructing the vegetation and environmental history during the Holocene as a whole. The role of climate change in Chihuahuan Desert flora development after 8800 BP was assessed, in addition to more local physiographic factors, such as erosion and accumulation, soil development and denudation, and hydrological entrenchment. Climate change appeared to have been a principal agent of vegetation change in the Early and Middle Holocene, with a periodic expansion of desert vegetation. A reduction in the environmental carrying capacities for mesophytic flora according to physiographic factors, such as soil erosion and channel entrenchment, was then identified after 2300 BP, also promoting azonal ecological niches for xerophytic vegetation in southern Coahuila, Mexico, that persist despite modern variations in precipitation.


Let $X$ be a K3 surface and $L$ be an ample line bundle on it. In this article we will prove that under certain condition the second co-ordinate of the gonality sequence is constant along the smooth curves in the linear system $|L|$.


The article suggests a solution of the problem of increase of motivation to study physics and the development of social skills relevant to students of a non-central school on the basis of the lesson-projects system.


SUMMARY The dendrometer is described and a note on theory and conversion formulae given. A procedure is outlined for measuring over-bark diameters of standing eucalypt sample trees with the dendrometer, which is suited to the sample tree method employed by the Tasmanian Forestry Commission, as well as the general forest conditions encountered. Where a large number of sample trees is required to be measured, a short computer programme can be written to convert instrument readings directly into data which can be plotted as a sample tree graph.


Two methods are used to calculate the velocity correlation function K(t) in a hard spheres fluid. The first is a conventional impact theory but with a non‐Poissonian distribution of collision times found in simulation experiments. Although not large the negative loop in K(t) appears when the tagged molecule is surrounded by heavier neighbors and back reflection dominates. At liquid densities the heavy particles screen each other from grazing collisions and as a result there is a strong back reflection of the tagged molecule. An alternative mechanism which is appropriate for the particles of equal mass neglects the non‐Poissonian corrections, but regards the velocity turns as a highly correlated Markovian process. This results in long‐lived circulations inside the liquid cell as in an imperfect ring billiard. The extent of the negative velocity correlation and location of its minimum are described well in this model, which gives the most reliable explanation for quasiperiodic velocity relaxation exhibited ...


Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are important medical treatments for infertile people at reproductive age and are assumed to account for 1-3% of the total annual births in developed countries. Two different methods have used to obtain the PPGI methylation values in four groups of chorionic villus. The goal of present study is designed to investigate the possible correlationship between ART and imprinting diseases.


Abstract Exposed to both high and low cycle fatigue, the modern automotive cylinder head is certainly a demanding application for aluminium alloys. AlSi10Mg cylinder heads were investigated to identify the material issues which impact their performance. Fatigue cracks occurred at or very near the water jacket surface, shown to experience the highest residual stresses after quenching. The majority of these cracks were linked with either extensive porosity, insufficient level of modification or with Fe based intermetallic platelets. The predominance of such features near the water jacket surface is accounted for by the relatively slower solidification near the water jacket surface. Fatigue cracks were almost completely avoided by keeping the density index below 2 to control porosity, by improving the solidification rate to achieve SDAS smaller than 35 micrometres, by limiting the Fe level to a maximum of 0˙12 wt-%, by using a higher quality sand for the manufacture of water jacket cores and, finally, by adopting polymer water quenching practice during heat treatment.


Summary Experimental hypercholesteremia was produced by intravenous injection of sodium cholate into normal fasting rats. The implications of this finding were discussed.


Atomized individuals, inhabitants of the mass society and subject to the whims of an allpowerful, albeit democratically constituted government, are supposedly not found in the &dquo;nation of joiners.&dquo; De Tocqueville's commentary on the importance of associations in nineteenth century America has been echoed often for the twentieth century by pluralists who praise the effects of labor unions, churches, professional societies, social fraternities and even giant conglomerates in maintaining an open and democratically responsive society. Pluralist reasoning, in effect, states that the electoral process is not the major contemporary means for supplying input and checking the output of large organizations. Individuals, as such, cannot make themselves heard. However, collectively, through organizations, influence can be exerted upon public policy. In a significant sense, then, the pluralist argument leads to the conclusion that the organizations to which people belong serve as their representatives in the political arena. More generally, the organizations with which people are affiliated are their representatives throughout public life. The concept of representation is the subject of considerable debate in the literature of social philosophy. ( Riemer, 1967, presents an overview). For present purposes it is not necessary to investigate this discussion beyond noting that representation generally implies some notion of responsiveness to constituents. This means that the


The area of Cariri from Ceara comes as an important mineral pole, with respect
to rich limestone reservation to silt up laminated and crystalline, including the
municipal districts of Santana do Cariri The area of Cariri from Ceara comes as
an important mineral pole, with respect to rich limestone reservation to silt up
laminated and crystalline, including the municipal districts of Santana do Cariri
and Nova Olinda mainly (laminated limestone) and Altamira and Farias Brito
(crystalline limestone). The crystalline limestone is extracted and processed
in ovens type limepits, and in your great majority it is used in the industry
of whitewash. This work looked for to study another application for this crystalline
limestone, being opted for your use as input in the paving asfaltic, as
mineral agregate, for that was chosen the limestone of Farias Brito area. In this
evaluation study five different types of asphalts originating from of Brazilian
refineries were used, that they will be called of the A, B, C, D and E. To the mineral
agregate rehearsals were accomplished extolled by the Department of
Infrastructure of Transport - dnit, being: analysis of distribution granulometrical,
determination of the real and apparent densities, form index and abrasion Los
Angeles. Besides, rehearsals of hardness, wear and tear, compression and flexing
were accomplished. For the process of physiochemical interaction with different
asphalts rehearsals of chemical adsorption, adhesiveness, potential zeta,
contact angle and superficial area were and Nova Olinda mainly (laminated limestone)
and Altamira and Farias Brito (crystalline limestone). The crystalline
limestone is extracted and processed in ovens type limepits, and in your
great majority it is used in the industry of whitewash. This work looked for to
study another application for this crystalline limestone, being opted for your
use as input in the paving asfaltic, as mineral agregate, for that was chosen
the limestone of Farias Brito area. In this evaluation study five different types of
asphalts originating from of Brazilian refineries were used, that they will be
called of the A, B, C, D and E. To the mineral agregate rehearsals were accomplished
extolled by the Department of Infrastructure of Transport - dnit, being:
analysis of distribution granulometrical, determination of the real and apparent
densities, form index and abrasion Los Angeles. Besides, rehearsals of hardness,
wear and tear, compression and flexing were accomplished. For the process of
physiochemical interaction with diferente asphalts rehearsals of chemical adsorption,
adhesiveness, potential zeta, contact angle and superficial area were accomplished. Finally, bodies of proof of asfalticals mixtures were accomplished,
in order to if your to obtain mechanical behavior (lottman). It could be concluded
that Farias Brito limestone is presented good results of mechanical resistance,
as hardness, compression and abrasion. However, when the process of
chemical interaction was verified with different asphalts, verified itself the badly
acting of such rock. When the asfaltical mixture was evaluated generated
with the limestone and any one of the five asphalts, was observed that none
of the results assisted the specifications requested for use in paving, but when an
adesevity dope, the interaction asfhaltmineral agregate was used obtained a
significant improvement.


A Robot capable of climbing trees comprises a prison-shaped frame, a holding mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The prison-shaped frame comprises an upper bracket and a lower bracket. The holding mechanism comprises an upper end holding mechanism and a lower end holding mechanism; the upper end holding mechanism is installed in the inner part of the upper bracket, and the lower end holding mechanism is installed in the lower bracket. The lifting mechanism is installed on the bottom part of the upper bracket. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the function of climbing the trees is realized, the climbing diameter can be changed, the friction value can be changed, and the operation is simple.


Photograph of the TXSSAR Arlington chapter members standing next to the grave marker for Colonel Middleton Tate Johnson at the Colonel Middleton Tate Johnson Plantation Cemetery in Arlington, Texas. The chapter members are seen wearing their American patriot uniforms standing shoulder to shoulder for the photography. From left to right, two unidentified men, Jerald "Jerry" Cope, William "Bill" Covington and chapter president John Anderson.


Motivated by the significant decline in citizen's trust in governments over the past decades, this paper explores how policy decision makers and researchers can use social media analytics to investigate trust, specifically the relationship among trust in government, trust in state institutions, and citizens' collective behavior. Analysis of these complex socio-political issues using online social data requires a human in the inference loop while also benefiting from computational methods to handle large amounts of unstructured data and the inference of relevant data features. To highlight the power of a mixed-initiative visual analytics-data science approach, this technical note describes the exploratory analysis work undertaken for analysis of collections of Tweets from Brazil, and describes further work that conceives data science methods to assist the analysis process by supporting definition of constructs of concepts of interest using social media data, and assisting the evaluation of evidence for hypotheses evaluation in an interactive-machine learning fashion. The outcomes of this project aim to support social sciences inquiry using observational social media data and World Bank operations.


Abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints during pregnancy, which is constantly debated due to its numerous differential diagnoses. Acute appendicitis is the most common problem requiring surgery during pregnancy and has a prevalence of 1 in 1500 pregnant women. Existing studies have declared that acute appendicitis during pregnancy is diagnosed with delay in 30 - 35% of cases. This can have severe side effects and may even lead to death of the mother or fetus. Strong clinical suspicion of the physician in addition to taking proper advanced paraclinical measures can reduce errors in this regard. To emphasize the importance of this subject, we have reported a case of appendicitis during pregnancy.


Alternating multilayers with up to ten layers have been prepared by sequential reaction of a reactive polymer (poly[(1-methylvinyl isocyanate)-alt-(maleic anhydride)]) with α,ω-functionalized chromophores. For this purpose new chromophores were synthesized varying the length of the hydrophobic spacer. The analysis of the multilayer build-up shows that physisorption is more important than chemisorption for fixation of new polymer layers. Thus, a multilayer build-up is only possible with the shorter, more hydrophilic chromophore and not with the long hydrophobic spacer.


During alcoholic fermentation the formation of vitisin A occurred mainly in the period between 20% and 85% glucose utilisation, when the concentrations of the precursors, malvidin-3-glucoside and pyruvic acid were at a maximum. The maximum rate of vitisin A synthesis of 11 mg/Lh occurred when 57% of glucose had been utilised and 440 mg/L malvidin-3-glucoside, 114 mg/L pyruvic acid and 3.1 mg/L measured oxygen were present. During maturation, production of vitisin A appeared to be linked with the availability of a suitable oxidant. Synthesis of vitisin A continued for approximately 6 months of maturation in air-tight bottles while the precursors were available. In wines that underwent malolactic fermentation, the malolactic bacteria consumed pyruvic acid and thereby limited the production of vitisin A. At the end of a 12 month maturation period, the concentration of vitisin A declined in wines made without any malolactic fermentation, even though malvidin-3-glucoside and pyruvic acid were still present. This indicated that there was a shortage of a suitable oxidant required to complete the reaction.


The present status of the Linac Coherent Light Source as a user facility is presented. Opportunities and challenges as well as the scientific impact of X-ray free-electron lasers are discussed.


The proliferation of smart technologies is revolutionizing the global business environment, offering growth and competitiveness opportunities for micro-enterprises facing resource, market access, and infrastructure challenges. Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, presents a diverse case, with both urban and rural areas experiencing varying technology adoption and infrastructure. Rural micro-enterprises in Yogyakarta grapple with issues like insufficient human resources, limited internet access, and technological barriers. This study aims to investigate the role of smart technologies in fostering the growth and competitiveness of micro-enterprises in the rural areas of Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, by identifying the key challenges and opportunities related to technology adoption and infrastructure development. To investigate the role of smart technologies in fostering the growth and competitiveness of micro-enterprises in rural areas of Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, a qualitative research method can be employed. This approach allows an in-depth exploration of participants' experiences, perspectives, and contextual factors influencing technology adoption. Through a qualitative study analysis on rural micro-enterprises in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia, the findings reveal limited awareness and misconceptions about smart technologies, inadequate infrastructure and connectivity, a lack of skilled workforce, financial constraints, insufficient government support, and cultural resistance to change as key challenges impacting the adoption of smart technologies, which underscores the need for targeted interventions to foster growth and competitiveness in these businesses.


We extend the discussion of our previous work and investigate the possibility of low-energy parity restoration, i.e., the left-right-symmetric model, within the context of several preon theories of grand unification. The constraints imposed by unification, proton lifetime, and neutral-current data are discussed.


Recently the general linear transformation for point rotation coordinate frames was considered. A distinguishing feature of the frame, in contrast to the Cartesian one, is the existence of the rotation axis at every point. The frame coordinates are an angle and time, the frequency of rotation is a parameter. The concept of the frame originated from the optical indicatrix (index ellipsoid). Rotation of the optical indicatrix arises in three-fold electrooptical crystals under the action of the rotating electric field applied perpendicular to the optical axis \cite% {pat}. Such a rotation is possible as in the Pockels as Kerr crystals and also in the isotropic Kerr medium. The rotation is used in single-sideband modulators. The single-sideband modulation has very interesting features from the theoretical viewpoint. In applications it may be used for the frequency modulation and frequency shifting. In contrast to usual modulation such a shifting is "100 persent transformation" of the initial into output frequency. However at present the modulation practically is not in use. It is connected with the high controlling voltage of bulk modulators; creating waveguide single-sideband modulators calls for considerable technological efforts.


The Effects of Training Experience and Sense of Direction on Wayfinding Efficiency Alycia M. Hund and Sadie N. Nazarczuk (email@example.com) Department of Psychology, Illinois State University Campus Box 4620, Normal, IL 61790-4620 USA Introduction Finding our way from place to place is essential to everyday functioning. Often, we rely on directions from others to find unfamiliar destinations, such as tourist sites. These directions might include a variety of cues, including cardinal descriptors (e.g. north, east) and left and right turns. How efficiently can people follow directions containing these cues? Moreover, is this ability related to one's overall sense of direction (Kozlowski & Bryant, 1977). People's self- ratings of sense of direction are highly accurate and reliable predictors of wayfinding performance (Prestopnik & Roskos-Ewoldsen, 2000; Sholl et al, 2000). One goal of this investigation was to further specify the relation between sense of direction and wayfinding efficiency. A second goal was to examine how training experience with maps or models might facilitate wayfinding in large- scale environments. Kozlowski and Bryant (1977) investigated the impact of training experience and sense of direction by asking participants with good and poor senses of direction to walk through underground tunnels during four trials. After each trial, participants were asked to indicate the direction of the endpoint. Participants with a good sense of direction showed significant improvement over the four trials, indicating a learning effect that depended on sense of direction (see also Gillner & Mallot, 1998). In the present investigation, we sought to further specify the relation between sense of direction, training experience, and wayfinding efficiency by examining the effect of experience in a small-scale environment on later wayfinding in a larger environment. Method Participants also completed self-report questionnaires assessing wayfinding strategies and sense of direction (Kozlowski & Bryant, 1977; Lawton & Kallai, 2002), as well as an orientation task in which they indicated the angular locations of five landmarks within the university building and five campus landmarks. Results and Discussion During the test phase, participants were significantly faster when following routes containing left-right directions (M = 66.52 s, SE = 2.16) than when following routes containing cardinal directions (M = 77.37 s, SE = 2.35). Similarly, participants exhibited significantly fewer errors when following routes containing left-right directions (M = 1.32, SE = .42) than when following routes containing cardinal directions (M = 6.83, SE = .77). As expected, participants in the cardinal training condition (M = 70.18 s, SE = 3.78) and left-right training condition (M = 69.88 s, SE = 3.03) were significantly faster than were participants in the control condition. Moreover, participants in the cardinal training condition (M = 3.88, SE = .90) exhibited significantly fewer wayfinding errors than did participants in the control condition (M = 4.89, SE = .66). As sense of direction increased, preference for route wayfinding strategies decreased, and preference for orientation wayfinding strategies increased. As total direction-pointing error increased, wayfinding time and errors for routes containing cardinal descriptors also increased. These results indicate that sense of direction is related to wayfinding efficiency, thereby providing valuable information about the processes by which people find their way from place to place. References Seventy-two undergraduate students (36 men, 36 women) participated for extra credit in psychology courses. The basement of a university building served as the large- scale environment. A 77.5 in. x 44 in. model of the basement served as the small-scale environment. Bound sets of note cards contained written directions for wayfinding. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three training conditions: left-right, cardinal, or control. Participants in the left-right training condition followed sets of directions containing left-right descriptors, and participants in the cardinal training condition followed sets of directions containing north-south-east-west descriptors. On each of 6 trials, participants moved a toy person to follow the directions to a destination. Participants in the control condition completed a personality questionnaire. After training, all participants followed 12 sets of directions (half containing left-right turns, half containing cardinal directions) by walking through the hallways of the basement. Wayfinding time errors were recorded. Gillner, S., & Mallot, H. A. (1998). Navigation and acquisition of spatial knowledge in a virtual maze. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 10, 445-463. Kozlowski, L. T., & Bryant, K. J. (1977). Sense of direction, spatial orientation, and cognitive maps. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 3, 590-598. Lawton, C. A., & Kallai, J. (2002). Gender differences in wayfinding strategies and anxiety about wayfinding: A cross-cultural comparison. Sex Roles, 47, 389-401. Prestopnik, J. L., & Roskos-Ewoldsen, B. (2000). The relations among wayfinding strategy use, sense of direction, sex, familiarity, and wayfinding ability. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 20, 177-191. Sholl, M. J., Acacio, J. C., Makar, R. O., & Leon, C. (2000). The relation of sex and sense of direction to spatial orientation in an unfamiliar environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 20, 17-28.


Introduction CMR perfusion (CMRP) imaging using adenosine is increasingly used for the assessment of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. At a standard dose adenosine is well tolerated with a good safety profile but on occasion fails to produce a significant haemodynamic response. This may potentially lead to the misdiagnosis of significant ischaemia. We therefore examined whether using a higher dose in the these patients to induce a haemodynamic response would lead to the identification of additional perfusion defects. Methods We prospectively recruited from 1230 consecutive patients undergoing CMRP. First pass CMRP was performed on a Philips Achieva CV 1.5T MR scanner (Philips, The Netherlands), with standardised acquisition protocol with standard dose adenosine (SDA) at 140 μg/kg/min for 3 min. Three short axis slices of 10 mm thickness were acquired per cardiac cycle using a single shot prospectively gated balanced TFE sequence (TR 2.5 ms, TE 1.3 ms, Flip angle 500 and voxel size 2.8×2.8 mm2) after the administration of a 0.1 mmol/kg bolus of intravenous Gadolinium. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were recorded at baseline and during stress. Non responders were defined as those patients with a normal CMRP scan and blunted hamodynamic response (maximum HR increase <10 beats per minute and fall in systolic BP (SBP) <10 mmHg). CMRP in this group was then repeated with high dose adenosine (HDA) at 175 μg/kg/min for 3 min. CMRP images were interpreted by two independent experienced observers. Coronary angiographic data were analysed by an experienced interventionist who was blinded to the perfusion data. Results obtained at SDA and HDA (expressed as mean value value±SD) were compared using the student t test. Results Fifty-one patients (4.1%) recieved HDA. HDA was well tolerated with no serious adverse events. Coronary angiographic data were available for 20 patients (39%). HDA stress resulted in a significant increase in HR and RPP in non responders (Abstract 78 Table 2). CMRP with HDA identified perfusion defects in 12 patients (24%) which were not present following stress with SDA. In 11 patients (92%) the identified perfusion defects correlated with significant stenosis (>70%) on the angiogram. Abstract 78 Table 1 Characteristics Number (%) Age 62±10.3 Male 29 (83%) Hypertension 17 (49%) Diabetes mellitus 13 (37%) Hypercholesterolaemia 21 (60%) Smoking 6 (17%) Known coronary disease 19 (54%) Abstract 78 Table 2 Rest Standard dose High dose SSBP (mmHg) 136±19 137±23 133±23 HR (bpm) 68±14 72±16 82±17 (p<0.01) RPP 9.24±2.4 9.89±2.8 10.9±2.5 (p<0.01) Conclusion HDA achieved significant heamodynamic end-points with no significant clinical adverse events. Additional perfusion defects in the non responders with SDA were found using HDA. The perfusion defects correlated with significant coronary stenoses. The use of HDA may be important in certain patients where there is little or no haemdynamic response to SDA.


Emeritus Professor Wilson Baker was one of the last of the very distinguished classical organic chemists whose wide-ranging researches were nearly all performed before the advent of commercially available spectroscopic instruments that revolutionized the determination of molecular structures.


I investigate a hypothesis that housing cycles change the youth's labor market conditions and influence their marriage and fertility decision. Different from the most literature that examine the effect of housing costs, rents or housing prices, on outcome variables, I construct MSA-level housing demand shock during the 2000-2006 boom, and exploit the cross-MSA variation in local housing booms to study its effects of housing booms on the local labor market opportunities for young men/women and on local marriage rate and fertility rate. To resolve the possibility of endogeneity, I utilize the size of structure break in local housing prices as an instrument variable. I find housing booms augment marriage rate among young men, especially those age 18-25. There is also a marginal positive impact on fertility rate for women age 18-25 and 26-33 and a negative effect on nonmarital birth rate. I also examine if the housing boom continuously affect these main demographic outcomes for new cohorts during the 2006-2012 housing busts. I find that the housing boom persistently and positively affects marriage rate of 18-25-year-olds during 2006-2012. In contrast, the effect for women age 26-33 reversed during the bust period: namely a decrease in marriage rate during the economic downturn.


Histopathology (Professor J Smith): Left middle ear mass: plasma cell and lymphocytic infiltrate; no vasculitis; no giant cells. Right lung apex: small piece of collapsed lung infiltrated with lymphocytes, plasma cells and some eosinophils; no evidence of Wegener's granulomatosis. throughout the dermis and there is much nuclear dust. Some of the vessels are damaged but many remain patent and do not show extensive damage to the vessel walls'. Diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa considered likely.


This Bachelor thesis covers design and construction of a dual input converter with the ability to
 be bidirectional, to one of the converter's input. The work is done in collaboration with American
 Power Conversion, who wanted an alternative to the DC-DC converter that are currently used for
 their fuel cell UPS'es, Uninterruptible Power systems. The dual input is a way to eliminate batteries
 from APC's system and replace them with ultracapacitors.
 The Dual input converter is a DC-DC convert with an operating range of 30-60VDC, which it
 converts to ± 200V. The intended power level for this type of converter is 4kW but the prototype is
 downscaled to 2kW.
 The purpose of the thesis is primarily to investigate the potential of the converter in terms of
 efficiency and complexity. The requirements for the input harmonics is not taken into consideration,
 since it is the first prototype. The efficiency is high due to a solid design of the power components.
 The bidirectional part of the converter was not realized due to lack of time and the designed control
 scheme, is not used to test the converters efficiency because it was not available before the deadline
 of the thesis.
 The measurement was made with an improvised control, and an efficiency of 91% was obtained
 at the lowest input voltage.


The continued need for lightweight, yet inexpensive, manufacturing techniques in the transportation industry has lead to an increased interest in the use of sandwich structures. This paper examines the possibilities of manufacturing large-scale aluminum sandwich structures using superplastic forming. The materials tested were Mg-alloyed production quality aluminum (Al 5083-O, Al 5083-H321) and Aluminum 1561. Tensile tests at elevated temperatures were performed in order to establish the suitability of the test materials for superplastic forming. The microstructural changes in the test material specimens were examined. Thereafter numerical simulation of the Al 5083-O forming process was conducted based on the tensile test results. The numerical simulation results were subsequently used to estimate forming parameters and the feasibility of manufacturing large-scale structures by superplastic forming. The results indicate that higher strain can be reached at higher temperatures for the test materials. Aluminum alloy 1561 exhibited the largest elongation to fracture and Al 5083-H321 the smallest. Strain appeared to be temperature dependent but not much affected by the strain rate. Metallographic examination clarified that Al-5083-O and Al-5083-H321 showed susceptibility for cavity forming whereas Aluminum 1561 formed relatively few voids. The numerical simulation indicated that Al 5083-O can be superplastically formed using relatively low formingmore » pressure (0.9--1.4 bar).« less


List of contributors. Foreword. Preface. Introduction. SECTION 1: PAST AND CURRENT INFLUENCES ON PRACTICE. Chapter 1: Historical perspectives from past to present (Robin Means). Chapter 2: Older People's Experiences: Social context and contemporary social policy (Grace Boddy and Tina Fear). Chapter 3: Ethical tensions (Lesley Moore). SECTION 2: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES. Chapter 4: Healthy Ageing, Active Ageing: The Challenges (Jane Buswell, Natalie Godfrey, and Angela Hudson). Chapter 5: Working with older people with a learning disability in the community setting (Kim Scarborough). Chapter 6: Working with people with dementia in the community setting (Mary Marshall). SECTION 3: FUTURE CHALLENGES. Chapter 7: Future Trends (Lesley Moore and Angela Hudson).


The variability in aflatoxin B1 concentration among peanut subsamples of 4 sample preparation procedures was evaluated. For each procedure, 18 samples were prepared involving dry comminuting/homogenization or dry roughly comminuting followed by the preparation of a aqueous slurry. Ten analytical samples were withdrawn from each sample/procedure and analyzed by thin layer chromatography. The coefficient of variation (CV%) among each set of 10 analytical samples was assumed to be associated with the sample preparation procedure. The procedure that made use of a subsample mill and preparation of a subsample slurry, showed lower variability (CV%) among the analytical subsamples.


The relationship between microstructure and damage-tolerance property of TA15 titanium alloy was studied. The results show that the microstracture has a great effect on damage-tolerance property of TA15 titanium alloy.The undeformed Widmanstatten,deformed Widmanstatten and net structure have higher fracture toughness and lower fatigue crack-extending rate,while still maintain the performance of high plasticity and good damage-tolerance.


This work is devoted to an approach which makes use of the residual vanishing at steady-state tobuild 2,d or 3d_order space-accurate numerical schemes for the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations, which aresunple, compact, robust and efficient. In the first part of this memoir, the design principles of this approach are recalled in a fuiite-differenceframework and the 3d order residual-based scheme is proved to compare very favourably with a conventional 3dorder approach on a set of model problems. Next, the residual-based scheme is extended in a rigorous way onirregular Cartesian grids so as to preserve its accuracy order. In the second part of this study, we propose a fmite-volume extension of the residual-based scheme thatguarantees, in a simple way, 2 ,d order accuracy on highly irregular grids. This accuracy-preserving extension ismade possible thanks to the compactness of the residual-based dissipation. The very good accuracy of this FVversion is demonstrated for inviscid and viscous flows over airfoils and a wing. In the last part of this work, a residual-based scheme is developed for unsteady flow problems within a dual-time framework. In this case, the residual used to build the scheme contains the derivative with respect to the physicaltime and vanishes at steady-state on a fictitious time. A 2d order time-accurate and 3d order space-accurate residual-based scheme is then devised, which yields better solution than a conventional directional scheme both for a model advection problem and a complex unsteady viscous flow. The implementation of a new organisation is a way to answer the pressure that an external environment firm may experience. We decide to manage this work as a project. The mainpoint of this project will be a new organisation design and implementation. We link design phase with an anticipated risk project management approach. In order to change we decide to propose an original approach which is an alternation between breaking change and continuous improvement change. We also identify the need for helping change adaptation people. All of our proposals are born of a work in a pharmaceutical firm. This research leads to the creation of a model based on three processes: project management, strategic management and people management. In order to answer the need for controlling theses processes, we propose a control method. This method is composed by five phases created from our model and by eight principles coming from our fieldwork.


This article is the second in a series that analyzes about 1.87 million periods of the Crab pulsar, observed by the PCA detector aboard the RXTE X-ray observatory. At these energies, the pulsar displays none of the three phenomena that are often seen in normal radio pulsars { \pulse nulling", \systematic sub-pulse drifting" and \mode changing". The presence or absence of these three behaviors in the Crab pulsar at radio wavelengths, something that has not yet been rigorously established, might be important for a satisfactory understanding of the above three phenomena.


Video captioning is a challenging cross-modal task that requires taking full advantage of both vision and language. To identify objects in videos, object detectors are usually employed to extract high-level object-related features, but the fine-grained knowledge from the object detectors are often neglected. Also, there is a fact that not just the task of object detection has the ability to obtain additional knowledge for video understanding. In this paper, multiple tasks are assigned to fully mine multi-concept knowledge in both vision and language, including video-to-video knowledge, video-to-text knowledge and text-to-text knowledge. Moreover, since there is a strong synergy in knowledge, both of global and local word similarities are developed based on the text-to-text knowledge to boost the robustness of the mined semantic knowledge. The mined knowledge can offer the model an extra guidance apart from linguistic prior to generate more semantically appropriate and grammatically correct sentences. The experimental results on the benchmark MSVD and MSR-VTT datasets show that the proposed method makes remarkable improvement on all metrics on MSVD and two out of four metrics on MSR-VTT.


HEBBLE, PETER W. The Development of Elementary School Children's Judgment of Intent. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1971, 42, 1203-1215. A ratingscale instrument derived from the Piaget (1932) story pair method and the Breznitz and Kugelmass (1967) intentionality questionnaire was devised to clarify the relationship between children's judgments of naughtiness of a story character and the story's description of the character's intent and the consequences of his behavior. Each of 7 stories was varied in 4 ways corresponding to the combinations of 2 intent levels and 2 consequence levels. Children as young as 6 yielded reliable ratings. An intent judgment quotient (IJQ) indicated the relative emphasis which each S placed on intent and consequences when judging. Decreases in naughtiness ratings of story variations involving good intent seemed to be a factor involved in the age-related increase in intent-based judgment which Piaget and others had noted previously.


A comparison of observed stellar distributions with a three-component model of the Galaxy is presented. The analysis is based on photometric and photoelectric data obtained along the main Galactic meridian and in two fields near the North Galactic pole (programme MEGA). The assumed model considers the Galaxy as composed of the disk (main sequence and disk red giants), the thick disk and spheroid populations. To model the observed colour distribution, we distinguish main sequence stars and disk red giants as the disk subsystem; white dwarfs, subdwarfs and intermediate giants as the thick disk subsystem; extreme subdwarfs, spheroid giants and horizontal branch stars as the spheroid subsystem.

A statistical relation between the apparent and absolute magnitudes of stars which make the maximum contribution to the star counts for a given disk subsystem is derived.

In order to achieve the best agreement between the model and observations, we fit the values of the 'dip' (aw) of the disk luminosity function, the correction to the absolute magnitude of disk red giants (ΔMVRG) and the expression for interstellar extinction. As the main result, we obtained aw = 0.6 (logarithmic scale) and ΔMVRG = 0.5 mag; the interstellar extinction has to be taken into account by the modified Sandage law.


The first Multidisciplinary Dentistry Chair of the country for the study of Occlusion Dentaria "Placido Ardanza Zulueta" counts among its honorary members with Dr.C. Gladys Gonzalez Gonzalez, Dr.C. Ileana Grau Leon, Dr.C. Amparo Perez Borrego, Dr.C. Felix Companeoni Landin, and Dr.C. Jose Montero Parrilla; and develops four sub-lines of research with eight themes related to each of them. At the Santa Cecilia Convention Center in the city of Camaguey, on December 8, 2017, the Second National Occlusion Workshop was held under the auspices of the Prosthodontics and Comprehensive Stomatology chapters of the Cuban Society of Stomatology, the contribution of the University of Medical Sciences of Camaguey and the Provincial Directorate of Health. The opening of the activity was carried out by the chair of the chair, MSc. Dra. Silvia Maria Diaz Gomez and the rest of the scientific activity was in charge of chemical engineers and mechanical doctors of the Technical Sciences as well as health professionals, from six provinces of Cuba. Between November 10 and 17, five pre-workshop courses were offered in which content was discussed and deepened in order to improve the quality of life of patients with alterations in dental occlusion and to promote multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary good dental practices. As professors of pre-Taller courses, they entered into the following subjects: Research and scientific article MSc. Dayami Bembibre Mozo, in Occlusion in the bucomaxillofacial prosthesis MSc. Dr. Isidro Napoles Gonzalez and the MSc. Dr. Elizabeth Puig Capote, in the Dental Implantology MSc. Dr. Clara Landria Diaz and the MSc. Dr. Judith Aucar Lopez, in the Panoramic of the occlusion Dr. Bismar Hernandez Reyes, as well as in the Value of the occlusion in the Orthognathic, the MSc. Dr. Alexis Sire Gomez, MSc. Dr. Siomara Hidalgo and the MSc. Dr. Oscar Rivero Perez The central activity of the workshop involved 70 delegates who actively participated in the discussion of issues addressed by specialists in Prosthodontics, Orthodontics, Periodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery, doctors specialized in Genetics, Bioenergetics and Natural Medicine, Psychiatry, Hemotherapy, professionals distinguished as forensic experts, mechanical engineers, tribology researchers and chemical engineers specializing in corrosion to develop research, education for health, diagnosis and treatment of different alterations of occlusion and especially, bruxism, from multidiscipline , interdiscipline and also from transdisciplinarity. The keynotes of the MSc were highlighted. Dr. Rosaralis Arrieta Garcia "Genetics and bruxism", from MSc. Dr. Pablo Hernandez Figaredo "Coping resources for stress". The MSc. Dr. Manuel Labrada Salvat and Dr.C. Maria de Lourdes de la Cruz Aragoneses with the theme "Oxidation, corrosion by deposition of amalgams, volumetric changes and ingestion of mercury in bruxopatas". The MSc. Dr. Julio Barciela Calderon and Dr. Miriela Betancourt Valladares with the "Body posture and alterations of the occlusion" and "The physiological mechanisms of pain". During the scientific discussion that followed the topics approached from different research perspectives, the dissertation that was highlighted by a coherent, interdisciplinary and promising debate for the development of science was "Genetics and bruxism". The plenary conclusions resulting from the collective discussion and those of greater relevance were related to protocolizing actions aimed at the treatment of patients with bruxism at the different levels of care, the value of the clinical history as an instrument in the examination of the stomatognathic system, the repercussion of the previous guide of the occlusion in the evaluation of the dental interferences, the occlusal splints in the Orthognathic, and the probabilistic prediction and interception of causal factors.


Although people are becoming more accepting of various things as society develops, when it comes to body art, people always talk about it in the same breath as sex, crime, and even drug use. Tattoo and piercing art has developed more and more styles and forms, but people are still not less prejudiced by their prevalence to de-stigmatize people's opinion of body art. This research aims to determine the relationship between one's level of openness and body arts to show that body arts is a way to express personality. The study was conducted to find whether the higher levels of openness would influence one's attitude and the extent to do body arts. Data was collected by Saucier's abbreviated version of the big five personality test and multiple choice and short answer question type about body arts. The research did not show an apparent relationship between the high level of openness and the practice of doing body arts. However, it indicates that people with high openness are more receptive to body arts.


Multihomed environments are getting increasingly common, especially for mobile users. mHIP was designed to provide secure multipath data transmission for the multihomed hosts and boost throughput of a single TCP connection by effectively distributing data over multiple available paths. In this paper we develop a TCP-friendly congestion control scheme for mHIP secure multipath scheduling solution. We enable two-level control over aggressiveness of the multipath flows to prevent stealing bandwidth from the traditional transport connections in the shared bottleneck. We demonstrate how to achieve a desired level of friendliness at the expense of inessential performance degradation. A series of simulations verifies that mHIP meets the criteria of TCP-compatibility, TCP-equivalence and TCP-equal share, preserving friendliness to UDP and another mHIP traffic. Additionally we show that the proposed congestion control scheme improves TCP-fairness of mHIP.


A near-natural coastal dune system in NW Jutland, Denmark was investigated. The area contains a gradient in natural soil mobility with the highest values in dynamic white dunes dominated by Ammophila arenaria, and low mobility in fixed decalcified dune heath with Empetrum nigrum and Calluna vulgaris. A total of 267 plots was investigated and presence of mosses and rooted vascular plants recorded. Cluster analysis identified five communities: white dune, grey dune, outer dune heath, inner dune heath and humid dune heath. These communities were ordered along two main axes in a Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). The relationship between DCA axes and several environmental variables, including soil characteristics and Ellenberg indicator values, were investigated by correlation. Two major complex gradients underlying compositional variation were identified; one short coenocline with an underlying steep gradient in habitat maturity, soil stability and nutrient-limited productivity, and one longer gradient in water-limited productivity and peat accumulation only applying to the older successional stages. Distance from the coast was an important correlate of several of the measured variables. Microclimatic indices, i.e. heat index and wind index, had limited value as descriptors of community patterns as they were not correlated with the DCA axes or with other environmental variables. However, within communities the microclimatic indices correlated with several explanatory variables. (Less)


Cells are the minimum unit of life. They are born, they eat, the may grow, they may move, and, eventually, they die. By contrast, from a physicist point of view, cells are systems out of equilibrium continuously transducing between matter, energy and information. This transduction is what grants the cell their active properties. In order to perform such tasks, cells have a set of macromolecules, a machinery, which are called, Molecular Motors or Molecular Machines. The operation of molecular motors is multiple. For instance, kinesins are molecular motors able to transport cargoes along the cell, or the Bacterial Flagellar Motor works as a nanometric ionic turbine transmitting its rotation to bacterial flagella propelling the cell. The energy input of such nanometric devices have two primary sources. On one hand the hydrolysis of nucleotide derivatives, such as ATP. On the other hand, molecular motors can also be found in biological membranes obtaining energy from the natural flux of ions crossing the membrane due to mechano-chemical energetic differences at each side. The recycling of ATP molecules takes place in another molecular machine, the F0F1 ATP synthase. F0F1 is made up of two subunits that can be separated themselves in two different molecular machines. This way, the F1 motor can couple a rotatory motor with the synthesis/hydrolysis of ATP. Understanding the working of molecular motors is not straightforward. The transduction processes result from a complex set of interactions of all the molecules conforming the motor plus all the interactions with the surrounding molecules. Thus, different approaches with different levels of abstraction are necessary. In the current thesis, molecular motors are studied through the identification of the energetic transduction cycles out of the trajectory of the motor. Trajectories allow to identify the different mechanical and chemical processes driving the motor and allow to propose a spatio-temporal potential for the motor that give information of the energetic performance of the motor such as power and efficiency. This analysis is performed on the F1 motor (in its hydrolysis regime). Such analysis allowed to identify the origin of two well differentiated mechanical and chemical processes that were quantified by means of the reaction kinetics theory and the overdamped dynamics associated with the nanometric biological scale. From this analysis resulted a prediction for the average velocity of the motor with the experimental control parameters. The resulting velocity matches experimental measures of the average velocity without fitting any parameter since all the parameters needed can be extracted from alternative experimental assays. The appealing results of the average velocity lead to a proposal of motor potential for the F1 motor consisting on two linear piece-wise potentials flashing between them. Each potential presenting the experimental characteristics observed when the catalytic site of the motor is empty or occupied. The potential also hold the substepping mechanism observed experimentally. Thus, the resulting potential can be tested, together with the overdamped dynamics of the potential and the thermal fluctuations characteristic of the biological cellular scale. This results in a Langevin equation leading the dynamics of the motor. Again, the stochastic dynamics proposed are able to reproduce the velocity of the motor returning a better approximation than the deterministic approach. As happened in the previous case, there is no fitting in the parameters to test the validity of the velocity expression. Actually, the model is able to predict the measured substep angle from optimisation arguments. The mismatch between the deterministic and the stochastic results was identified as a result of a loss of ATP hydrolysis events due to thermal fluctuations that has been also properly quantified through the Fokker-Planck formalism of the corresponding Langevin equation. The motor potential proposed was also used to study experimental assays of the F1 motor working against conservative forces. The effect of a conservative torque in the working of the motor contains contributions both mechanical and chemical. Altogether, this contributions were successfully addressed presenting again an analytical and stochastic prediction for the velocity of the motor that matches the experimental observations without the need of any parameter fitting. This analysis also entailed a study of the energetic performance of the motor which is unavailable experimentally. The results show a complete divergence between the stochastic and deterministic predictions. The divergence is specially dramatical near the stall force of the motor where the determenistic analysis predicts an efficiency maximum and the stochastic analysis returns a null efficiency. This points out that the stochastic effects are very relevant to the energetic performance of the motor and can not be missed in a proper energetic study of a molecular machine. Besides the study of the F1 motor, also a rotatory device working with an ionic flux was analised. The aim of the analysis was the devise of a minimal mechanistic turbine and the study of its main working features. Such a machine is composed by a mobile piston with periodic boundary conditions at both ends of a nanometric channel separating two particle reservoirs. Hence, the turbine is able to transduce energy between the flux of ions and an external force hindering the natural motion of the piston. Again, thermal fluctuations provide a stochastic dynamic that must be studied through a Langevin equation that can be tackled analytically. This study revealed that the velocity and the flux are not coupled. Specially, two different stall forces appear for the motor. One for the velocity and one for the flux. This results in an intermediate zone where there is a continuous leakage of ions that does not allow any energetic output. This effect is originated from thermal fluctuations. Thus, when the energetic performance is evaluated, a similar behaviour than the one obtained for the F1 motor is recuperated. This minimal model was extended with more complex turbines that take into account more thoroughly the biophysics of molecular machines. All of them result in the same energetic landscape where a minimum of efficiency is obtained near the stall of the motor. Additionally, a new formalism has been developed to simplify the resulting Langevin equations (Fokker-planck white noise limit) and a new algorithm has been devised able to integrate Langevin equations with non-continuous multiplicative noise


The functional abnormalities of the cells in the cardiovascular system in SHR were revealed by enzyme histo-cytochemical study. The enzymatic activity was usually increased in the area where the arteries branched and in proliferating cells in the thickened wall. Such was more remarkable in the distorted arteries with aging. Functional roles of these 4 enzymes were discussed.


Abstract : Department of Defense maintenance (DOD) budgets are expected to decline, while maintenance requirements are expected to rise. Innovation is one means of achieving the increased quality and productivity, necessary to meet DOD maintenance requirements in a decreased funding environment. This research is a study of a recent Air Force innovation, QP4- Quality for People, Process, Product and Performance. A case study approach was chosen. QP4 was judged to be a successful innovation. QP4's success was due in part to the way that AFLC nurtures innovation. Factors that were found to be important to innovation within the Air Force setting include: the balance between administrative and technical innovation, the presence of boundary spanning activities, the presence of innovation champions, and advanced analysis of the existing organizational culture. Since this was an exploratory study, there are several recommendations for future research. The recommendations for future research are: 1) development of a method for determining the success of innovations, 2) investigation of the role that feedback and control mechanisms have in the innovation process, 3) investigation of the effect of organizational culture on innovations, 4) further investigation of how AFLC encourages innovation, 5) investigation of the role of innovation champions, and 6) longitudinal studies of the process of innovation. Keywords: Productivity, Quality assurance, Feedback, Control, Innovation, Theses.


Innovative ceramic or powder-metallic materials are often essential, to allow the technical and economic progress of futureoriented technical fields, e.g. power engineering, electric mobility, aerospace, and others. But some of these materials can only be sintered by uniaxial mechanical pressure assistance. Conventional hot pressing is still the most common pressure-assisted sintering method, although its low-cost efficiency is the main barrier for the widespread use of these materials. PM SPECIAL


[Objective]To explore the effect of individual health education on quality of life(QOL)in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).[Methods]99 COPD patients were randomly divided two groups. 54 samples as intervention group got systemic and individual health education while 45 samples as control group got random health education. 6 months later,two groups were evaluated by QOL scale of COPD.[Results]The total score of QOL and scores of many dimensionalities in intervention group were better than before(P﹤0.05),and they were superior to control group(P﹤0.05).[Conclusion]The systemic and individual health education could improve quality of life of COPD patients.


Originating in the Reggio Emilia schools in Italy, the use of provocation, or open-ended activities, is a tried and tested method for promoting sustained shared thinking and for developing reasoning.


We present spectroscopic observations of the Be/X-ray binary X Per obtained during the period 1999–2018. Using new and published data, we found that during "disc-rise" the expansion velocity of the circumstellar disc is 0.4–0.7 km s−1. Our results suggest that the disc radius in recent decades show evidence of resonant truncation of the disc by resonances 10:1, 3:1, and 2:1, while the maximum disc size is larger than the Roche lobe of the primary and smaller than the closest approach of the neutron star. We find correlation between equivalent width of Hα emission line (Wα) and the X-ray flux, which is visible when 15 Å < Wα ≤ 40 Å. The correlation is probably due to wind Roche lobe overflow.