Heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. We found previously that A83‐01, a TGFβRI inhibitor, could facilitate cardiac repair in post‐MI mice and induce the expansion of a Nkx2.5 + cardiomyoblast population. This study aimed to investigate the key autocrine/paracrine factors regulated by A83‐01 in the injured heart and the mechanism of cardioprotection by this molecule. Using a previously described transgenic Nkx2.5 enhancer‐green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter mice, we isolated cardiac progenitor cells (CPC) including Nkx2.5‐GFP + (Nkx2.5+), sca1+, and Nkx2.5+/sca1 + cells. A83‐01 was found to induce proliferation of these three subpopulations mainly through increasing Birc5 expression in the MEK/ERK‐dependent pathway. Survivin, encoded by Birc5, could also directly proliferate Nkx2.5 + cells and enhance cultured cardiomyocytes viability. A83‐01 could also reverse the downregulation of Birc5 in postinjured mice hearts (n = 6) to expand CPCs. Moreover, the increased Wnt3a in postinjured hearts could decrease CPCs, which could be reversed by A83‐01 via inhibiting Fzd6 and Wnt1‐induced signaling protein 1 expressions in CPCs. Next, we used inducible αMHC‐cre/mTmG mice to label cardiomyocytes with GFP and nonmyocytes with RFP. We found A83‐01 preserved more GFP + myocytes (68.6% ± 3.1% vs. 80.9% ± 3.0%; p < .05, n = 6) and fewer renewed RFP + myocytes (0.026% ± 0.005% vs. 0.062% ± 0.008%; p < .05, n = 6) in parallel with less cardiac fibrosis in isoprenaline‐injected mice treated with A83‐01. TGFβRI inhibition in an injured adult heart could both stimulate the autocrine/paracrine activity of survivin and inhibit Wnt in CPCs to mediate cardioprotection and improve cardiac function. Stem Cells 2016;34:445–455


With this software, strategic managers can quickly build sophisticated simulations on their Macintoshes. Case in point: A forecast for a regional Bell operating company.


The effects of different carbon sources on removal efficiency of COD,NH4-N and PO4-P in imulative wastewater were investigated by using a sequencing batch reactor(SBR) when a total operation cycle,hydraulic retention time(HRT),pH and sludge age were 7 h,38 h,7.5-8.3 and 14 d,respectively.The results show that the removal efficiency of PO4-P is used as a decision factor to judge the most suitable carbon source.When glucose,fructose,maltose and starch are used as a sole carbon source,glucose is the most suitable carbohydrate source and the removal efficiency of COD,NH4-N and PO4-P is 89%,93% and 88%,respectively.When a mixture of mass ratio 1∶1 of glucose to organic acids,including methanoic acid,acetic acid,propanoic acid and butyric acid is used as a sole carbon source,a mixture of glucose-acetic acid is the most suitable carbon source because acetic acid is readily utilized to form energy-storage substance by microorganisms under anaerobic conditions,and the balance is achieved between energy generation and polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB) synthesis.The maximum removal efficiency of COD,NH4-N and PO4-P is 97%,96% and 96%,respectively.


Since 1977 there has been an organized cooperative venture in Canada with regard to Hemophilia Care. Involved have been the Canadian Hemophilia Society, Canadian Red Cross and Government. Our paper outlines the development of the regional centers in the country and the process for data accumulation. Data is provided outlining the types and amount of Factor VIII provision developed in the country and the method of distribution.

Various undertakings have been initiated by the cooperating groups including the investigation of quality of product problems, educational symposia and the development of a long term program toward national self sufficiency.


The photophysics of charge carriers (polaron) in MDMO–PPV:ZnO hybrid bulk heterojunction is studied at 80K by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. A short-lived positive polaron is observed in the blend phase in MDMO–PPV:ZnO blend films with a weight ratio of 1:1 and 1:2. Further increase of ZnO weight ratio results in a significant quenching of the polaron absorption. The results are discussed in the concept that both pristine polymer and MDMO–PPV:ZnO blend phases coexist in the blend films. It is concluded that a polaron is photogenerated within the excitation laser pulse ( o 100 fs) and electron transfer efficiency is highest in blend films 1:1 and 1:2. Lack of the interfacial area and faster back electron transfer process are discussed to be responsible for the quenching of the electron transfer efficiency in blend film 1:3.


We report the fabrication and characterization of a new type of silica-based all-solid fiber with a two-dimensional (2-D) nanostructure core. The nanostructure core fiber (NCF) was formed by a 2-D array of high-index rods of sub wavelength dimensions. The NCF's attenuation of as low as 3.5 dB/km at 1550 nm has been obtained experimentally. We also measured the chromatic dispersion, differential group delay, and polarization-dependent loss of the NCF. Higher macro-and microbending losses compared with that of the single-mode fiber due to the reduced index difference has been observed experimentally, and this result suggests that NCF is potentially useful for curvature and strain sensing applications.


On the rooftop of the Mishor Adumim industrial park in the desert between Jerusalem and the Dead Sea, an acre of herbs and lettuces provide employment for about 20 people representing the entire Israeli mosaic : Jews and Arabs, religious and secular, Israeli-born and immigrants.


Summary Attracting skilled people in science and technology (S&T) and engineering has assumed urgency in today's increasingly knowledge‐intensive economy. Countries, both rich and poor, have adopted various strategies to entice top talents in S&T to their shores. This paper describes the initiatives adopted by Malaysia to attract skilled personnel to serve the country. These measures, however, have not met with much success. An account of the findings of a recent study to review these initiatives is also given. It is suggested that the adoption of future initiatives, among others, should accord more emphasis on developing partnerships between local scientists and their counterparts abroad as well as enhancing the domestic environment for S&T. This article argues that the success of any program aimed at enticing and utilizing talent from abroad must be holistic in scope and, above all, have the unwavering commitment of the government.


Medical management of disorders of consciousness (DoC) is a growing issue imposing a major burden on families and societies. Recovery rates vary widely among patients with DoC, and recovery predictions strongly influence decisions on medical care. However, the specific mechanisms underlying different etiologies, consciousness levels, and prognoses are still unclear.


This article will discuss some of the problems and challenges regarding the consideration of the right to food as a justiciable right – that is, as a right that can be interpreted by the courts and can be the subject of litigation. Firstly the debate regarding the justiciability of economic, social and cultural rights will be discussed in general; secondly the focus will shift to some particular issues that arise when the general problem of justiciability is considered in the context of the right to food. Then some of the strategies for advancing justiciability of the right to food that have proved to be successful in different domestic and regional legal systems will be presented and discussed. Finally, some summary conclusions from the discussion will be drawn.


Scenedesmus o b l i q u u s was grown in batch c u l t u r e s at v a r y i n g c o n c e n t r a t i o n s of d i g e s t e d d a i r y medium ranging from 200 to 2,000 ug-at • N l 1 . Higher growth r a t e s were observed at low Nc o n c e n t r a t i o n s while higher c e l l y i e l d s were observed at high Nc o n c e n t r a t i o n s . A e r a t i o n enhanced both a l g a l growth r a t e s and biomass y i e l d s . R e s u l t s show an advantage i n a d j u s t i n g the n i t r o g e n to phosphorus atomic r a t i o of the medium. More biomass was produced i n c u l t u r e s with higher N:P r a t i o s . The a l g a l biomass produced was used as food f o r the freshwater c l a d o c e r a n , Daphnia pulex F. Three fe e d i n g l e v e l s -1 were used: 50,000, 100,000 and 150,000 c e l l s m l . However, no s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e s were observed i n both Daphnia biomass y i e l d s and biomass c o n v e r s i o n e f f i c i e n c i e s . The tendency of Scenedesmus c e l l s to s e t t l e down in the bottom and c l i n g to the s i d e s of the tank presented a major problem i n the study.I n t e n s i v e f e e d i n g d i d not i n c r e a s e the biomass p r o d u c t i o n of Daphnia, although l a r g e r s i z e d a d u l t s with l a r g e r brood s i z e s were produced. Animals i n c u l t u r e reached a d e n s i t y of 1.24 animals-mf and obtained c o n v e r s i o n e f f i c i e n c i e s as h i g h as 4050%. Dr. J,W. Zahradnik T h e s i s S u p e r v i s o r


Summary Sequential incubation studies using everted sacs of guinea pig small intestine and vitamin B12 labeled with two different isotopes of cobalt, 60Co and 57Co, showed that IF-saturated with B12, could effect specific attachment of the complex to distal sacs. In a subsequent incubation IF could: (i) mediate in specific fashion (not exchange) the uptake of additional B12, (ii) interact with IF-"blocking" antibody, and (iii) be partially dissociated by EDTA from the sac (in a form biologically active for this system and retaining specificity of activity) leaving its B12 attached to the mucosa. These results were interpreted to indicate that, in this experimental system, IF is not absorbed into the intestinal cell during the B12 uptake that is mediated by intrinsic factor.


ment cross-nationally. The International Educational Achievement (IEA) studies produced large quantities of data. The hope was that these data would yield some understanding of the factors that affect educational outcomes and provide a basis for improving school performance. While much has been written about the IEA endeavor, little has been done to relate the IEA findings to societal characteristics. This article will attempt to do so. It will explore the relation of national school achievement with economic development, national communications systems, and national social and cultural indices.


Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a ceramic circuit board, in which the other end portion of the extended portion is located at a position sufficiently close to the side surface of the ceramic circuit board and is able to be reliably connected to an electrically conductive film for shielding, an electronic circuit module including the same, and a method for manufacturing the electronic circuit module. A ceramic circuit board (1) that includes a ceramic insulator layer (C), grounding pattern conductors (GP), connection lands (L1-L9) disposed on a first surface (1F) of the ceramic circuit board, and grounding electrodes (GE1, GE2) disposed on a second surface (1S) of the ceramic circuit board and connected to the grounding pattern conductors (GP). Each of the grounding pattern conductors (GP) contains a metal and an oxide and includes a pattern main portion (MP) disposed inside the ceramic circuit board (1) and an extended portion (LP) in which a first end thereof is connected to the pattern main portion (MP) and a second end thereof is exposed at a side surface (1P) of the ceramic circuit board (1). The metal content of the extended portion (LP) is lower than the metal content of the pattern main portion (MP).


Researchers have found that games are sites for rich forms of sociality. However, there has been comparatively less research on sociality facilitated by co-located gameplay focused on single-player games, here termed tandem play. This exploratory case study investigated how known player pairs engaged in turn taking and decision-making behaviors while playing a single-player game together, and also how a narrativedriven video game played over multiple sessions impacted their experience. Initial findings suggest that turn taking was an explicitly negotiated choice, and that decision making power did not necessarily rely on who was holding the controller – player pairs developed their own systems for how they made choices. The narrative and well-known franchise on which the game was based gave pairs a strong base from which to work, building themed playthroughs and systemic approaches for how to treat various characters and situations in game. This research provides further evidence that being social in and around games can be accomplished no matter whether the chosen game is a single or a multiplayer title, and in virtual or physical space.


There is substantial evidence that women with children bear a wage penalty due to their motherhood status. This wage gap is usually estimated by comparing the wages of working mothers to childless women after controlling for human capital and individual characteristics. This method results in selection bias because non-working women are excluded from the sample. Using a model of fertility and working decisions, I examine how excluding non-working women affects the measurement of the motherhood wage penalty. The model shows that mothers face different reservation wages due to variance in non-labor income and preference for child care. Given the same non-labor income, a mother with a relatively high wage may choose not to work because of her strong preference for time with children. In contrast, a childless woman who is not working simply faces a relatively low wage. Thus, empirical analyses that focus only on employed women may overestimate the motherhood penalty.


We study precisely the solution of a semi‐discrete von Mises problem with known pressure to generalize a method for an inverse problem: the problem with known displacement. We prove the boundedness of the diffusive term, the uniqueness and the continuity of the solution with respect to the pressure and a coercivity property. However, the estimate of the diffusive term is not sharp enough for the inverse problem. We highlight a special behaviour of this term due to the combination of the nonlinearity with the degeneracy of the diffusion coefficient. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The processual and the contextual dimensions of the presented framework indicate that cooperation between partners can't be ahistorical and acontextual (cf. Lundgren 1992). The processual dimension includes both internal and external development processes of networks. This means both positive and negative developments in different other dimensions, developments from the formation phase to the configuration and to the implementation phase, and finally to the dissolution phase. The development of a cooperative group may be either cyclical or s equential (Doz 1996; Hakansson & Snehota 1995; Easton & Lundgren 1992; Hamel 1991). The empirical evidence has proved that it may be quite easy to proceed in the formation and the configuration phase due to early enthusiasm. When internal grouping has not been accomplished the concrete cooperation will not work in the implementation phase either. The processual dimension includes developments from different cooperative models to others as well. In addition, all the other changes, learning and adaptation processes are included in this dimension as well. Learning in cooperative relationships can be divided into environment learning, task learning, process learning, skill learning and partner learning (Doz 1996). Although learning is one of the networks processes including in the processual dimension, it relates clo sely to socio -psychological, strategic and network management dimensions as well. Learning is a part of the development process of these dimensions. Adaptations are important in a net because they strengthen the bonds and mutual orientation between firms, relationships become more endurable, and adaptations indicate that there is


There is much difference in the development of economy and society,in educetion,technology and information,in quality of life,in facilities and environment and so on between the 12 provinces' situations in 2002 and the all-round well-off society in 2020. Therefore,these provinces should adhere to the principle of sustained development,develop their economy,control population growth,increase investment in education and technology,improve environment and continuously improve people's living standard.


The invention relates to a preparation method of a watermelon milk product. Specifically, the milk product comprises animal milk and watermelon juice. According to the watermelon milk product, the preparation method is both novel in conception and simple in technology, and easy to implement. In addition, the main raw materials for preparing the watermelon milk product, namely watermelons are wide in source, low in price, as well as high in nutritional values, and good in healthy effect. Through implementation, the novel and special milk product is prepared by combining watermelons and milk, the prepared milk product not only is aromatic in flavor, sweet in mouth feeling, and faintly scent in taste, but also is high in nutritional values, and the healthy efficacy is highlighted. In addition, the prepared milk product is suitable for both the old and children, and very wide in market prospects.


A steam mop, comprising: a housing, placed on the ground, with the ground once the decontamination surface opposite to the surface having a steam outlet decontamination; a handle extending upwardly is connected to the housing, for standing on the ground the housing is manipulated to move in the ground; tank detachably embedded in the housing, and is provided with inlet and outlet was added; vapor forming means disposed within said housing having a water inlet and a steam outlet, steam outlet steam outlet in communication with the decontamination surface of the housing, a steam chamber is formed with both the communication between the water inlet and a steam outlet, also provided with heating means for heating the steam chamber is formed; flow rate increasing means , disposed within said housing for driving the water tank at a constant rate of steam flowing into the forming apparatus. The present invention, since the water tank can be easily removed from the housing is separated from the mop, so that separate addition of water to the water tank, water was added to make the process convenient.


Because TD-SCDMA system's band is narrow and its length of code is short,the co-channel interference is a serious problem.In order to ensure the performance of TD-SCDMA in high capacity,this article adopts the method of interference coordination which use resource allocation and resource adjustment to reduce the probability of co-channel interference in the same time slot.The test results show the improvement of the performance of TD-SCDMA.


Material behavior depends on average peak temperature, stress magnitude and stress gradient. This assumption is valid since temperatures varies slowly when compared to pressure (stress). In this paper, a RR Merlin head is simulated with a few mathematical models used in Formula 1 racing. These extremely simplified models make it possible to evaluate temperatures and pressures starting from very few data. The method is described in detail, along with the many experimental coefficients available from several years of design activity. A step by step approach is used to allow the comprehension of this method that was developed by the Authors. The choice of the RR Merlin was dictated by the public availability of experimental data on temperatures. In fact, in the case of the RR Merlin XX, very reliable experimental results are available in NACA TN 2069. A reverse engineering process was applied on a rescued RR Merlin XX head. An accurate redesign was performed to obtain a 3D model. Assembly instructions and tolerances were found on original Rolls Royce overhaul manuals. In this way assembly and working loads were calculated and simulated. Nonlinear FEA analysis was performed on this CAD model with extremely satisfactory results for the thermal loads. Well known criticalities of the original design were found. The results were compared with NACA results both for heat rejection and temperatures. However, the mechanical stresses proved to be more critical for simulation and evaluation. Therefore, they will be discussed in another, dedicated paper.


It is shown through the study of slowly changing cylindrical systems that there is no conserved mass per unit length for a relativistic infinite cylinder. This non-conservation is found to be a result of gravitational induction.


Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a form of imaging radar. The defining characteristic of SAR is the usage of relative motion between an antenna and its target region to provide long-term coherent-signal variations that can be exploited to obtain fine spatial resolution for radar image. Due to the improvement of SAR data acquisition technique and the flexibility of SAR sensor deployment, multi-pass SAR imageries can be easily obtained. More information and intelligence can be extracted from SAR imageries. This paper will address one challenging issue for SAR data fusion, i.e. multi-pass SAR change detection. Two methods are proposed in this paper to perform multi-pass SAR change detection. One method is based on robust principal component analysis (PCA) and the other method uses template matching plus thresholding. Both methods explore the local statistics to indicate the change of each pixel in the SAR imageries. The visualization performances illustrate the potential of these two methods for the issue of SAR change detection.


Chapter 4 investigates how analysts, policymakers, and political movements began to articulate a counternarrative of disaster capitalism as a frame for understanding transition. The disaster capitalism narrative suggests that Western institutions sought to exploit postsocialist recessions to impose harsh reforms for self-interested motives. Following the financial crisis of 2008, populist movements, which often advocated heterodox economic policies, emerged across the postsocialist world. The chapter shows the links between economic anxiety brought on by the failures of transition and the rhetoric and ideology of growing populist movements. It also points to China's policy of long-term economic liberalization as a success when compared to the economic devastation that neoliberal reforms wrought on the postsocialist countries of East Europe and Central Asia.


If saving for old age is embedded in a house, its illiquidity may prevent extracting
equity for consumption. Aging may also go along with the necessity to adjust
housing consumption by moving. With a bequest motive, dissaving should be
slower. In this respect housing may again be particular, because of its non
divisibility and of its links to family history. Co-residing or living close to a child may
also change bequest behavior or ease old age consumption adjustments. We
consider the many dimensions of housing consumption and saving and describe
what happens after retirement, and in old age, in terms of tenure, ownership,
comfort, residential mobility, living arrangements and distance to children. We use
both pseudo-panel techniques and retrospective questions in the French housing
surveys. The emphasis is on data, on a coherent description of what happens after
60, as preliminary steps in testing models.


. Let G be a simple graph with vertex set V ( G ) and edge set E ( G ), and let Z 2 = { 0 , 1 } . Any edge labeling f induces a partial vertex labeling f + : V ( G ) → Z 2 assigning 0 or 1 to f + ( v ), v being an element of V ( G ), depending on whether there are more 0-edges or 1-edges incident with v , and no label is given to f + ( v ) otherwise. For each i ∈ Z 2 , let v f ( i ) = (cid:12)(cid:12)(cid:8) v ∈ V ( G ) : f + ( v ) = i (cid:9)(cid:12)(cid:12) and let e f ( i ) = |{ e ∈ E ( G ) : f ( e ) = i }| . An edge-labeling f of G is said to be edge-friendly if (cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:12) e f (0) − e f (1) (cid:12)(cid:12) ≤ 1 (cid:9) . The edge-balance index set of the graph G is defined as EBI ( G ) = (cid:8)(cid:12)(cid:12) v f (0) − v f (1) (cid:12)(cid:12) : f is edge-friendly. (cid:9) . In this paper, exact values of the edge-balance index sets of L -product of cycles with cycles, C n × L C m are presented.


Objective: to identify and describe the contributions of simulation in the training of nursing staff in Primary Health Care for technology-dependent children. Methods: qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, carried out between August and September 2018 with nursing professionals from four health centers in Florianópolis-SC, who participated in theoretical-practical training based on simulations. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and submitted to content analysis. Results: two categories emerged, which addressed the contribution of simulation for the care of technology-dependent children and the weaknesses of the work process, which demand continuing education. Conclusion: the professionals reported perceived gains in the recovery of knowledge and in the development of skills, with a potential impact on the care of technology-dependent children, contributing to overcoming the weaknesses and barriers encountered by professionals in home care.


Extraction of liver vascular tree of the donor liver from abdominal computer tomography angiography (CTA) images is an important step that needs to be performed before surgical operation for living donated liver transplantations. However, due to the low contrast between vessels and other tissues of liver caused by various reasons, and varying vascular tree structures for each patient makes this process highly challenging. In this paper, the process of creating ground truth data for 20 CTA datasets and encountered challenges during this process are described. Moreover some of the well-established vascular tree segmentation methods and their performances are analyzed in terms of quantitative metrics such as Dice and qualitative analysis performed by 3D analysis of a radiologist.


I shall not enter into the consideration of the several opinions of philosophers concerning the luminous appearance of the sea, as not one of them, that I know of, has been well supported; but I shall immediately relate a few experiments, which any person may very easily make, and which, I think. will be allowed to point out the true cause of that appearance, when compared with the descriptions given of it, by those who have accurately observed it.


Old local government documents are an important basis for studying ancient villages and clan cultures.From the Xinhui County Gazetteer,it is known that the development of the Tangxia Basin where Liangxi is located had started by the beginning of the Ming Dynasty.By the Kangxi reign period in the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,the village and its clan had received considerable government attention.By the end of the Qing Dynasty,the village had been sanctified.It is a noteworthy phenomenon that a clan could have attained such an important cultural position.


A protocol already exists for fabrication of a capillary membrane having an internal ultrafiltration skin supported by a finger-like pore structure in the external capillary wall (Jacobs and Leukes, 1996; Jacobs and Sanderson, 1997). These membranes have been produced at the Institute of Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. Two major applications emerged from the development of these internally skinned membranes. One application was in the production of potable water by Ultra-filtration (UF) from sources containing coloured water. A second application was in the immobilization of a white rot fungus in a ."gradostat" membrane bioreactor. Here a nutrient gradient through the membrane wall and fungal mat can be established and manipulated in order to stimulate continuous production of secondary metabolites (extra-cellular enzymes). These enzymes are useful in the degradation of polycyclic aromatic compounds, notably PCB species in contaminated water and soils (Jacobs and Sanderson, 1997). Two objectives emerged from experiences with the above applications. The first objective was to improve membrane performance in UF applications. In this case a reduction was sought in trans-membrane pressure differential required to attain a desired flux without sacrificing rejection. The pressure required for a given desired flux across a membrane depends on the resistance of the membrane skin layer and of its supporting sub-layer which together comprises the capillary wall and defmes its overall structure. If any of these resistances could be reduced, the overall resistance to transport of water would be reduced. Then it would be possible to operate the membrane at lower trans-membrane pressure differences. On the other hand, operation with higher pressure would also increase flux but require a thicker capillary wall to resist this pressure. In the attempt to optimise these properties of the capillary membrane, capillary membranes produced in the study reported here were tested to find the relationship of flux performance with the structures that resulted from varying key parameters affecting structure and integrity. The objective in the case of immobilizing fungi in membrane bioreactor applications was to attain thicker walls thus providing better support for the fungal mass. The internally skinned capillary membrane has finger-like microvoids that start next to the UF skin layer and extend across the capillary membrane wall and open at the external membrane periphery, giving an iii


We define systems of partial differential equations that govern the infinitesimal variation of lines, and osculating lines, through a point of a hypersurface in projective space. The work answers questions posed by J.‐M. Hwang.


As the reality that human beings usually pay more attention to areas of interest, visual attention model is a feasible method to find Regions of interest (ROIs) and measure the interest of a region. However, it is required to decompress image data completely. A vi- sual attention model based ROIs detection in compressed domain is proposed in this paper, which can compute vi- sual attention model with partially decompression. This method includes: (1) Visual saliency map computation; (2) Focus of attention (FOA) selection and shift; (3) ROIs detection. The experimental results show the proposed method performs well on the speed/accuracy of ROIs de- tection and interest measurement.


This report will be welcomed by all working in the field of sediments clarifying terms for general benefit. This proper use of the international influence of the America Geophysical Union should ensure consideration of the recommendations in all English-speaking countries

The report notes, "the recommendation of great changes in the customary terminology would not be accepted by workers in the field, and therefore would not produce the desired results." This principle, fundamental in the presentation of such a report as this, has been followed throughout with one important exception which will be discussed in detail below.


Due to the rapid growth of high data rate applications substantial amount of energy is consumed by base station's equipment. In order to save energy, it is better to deploy fewer base stations (BSs), switch off as many as possible, or use low power consuming ones. However, quality of service (QoS) is usually sacrificed to achieve such savings. In this paper, we reduce the number of BSs to save energy and study the performance of four routing schemes employing our city vehicular simulator to fulfil the QoS. While utilising the ad hoc mode, we show that it is important to put the maximum proportion of vehicles' transceivers to the sleeping mode in order to save energy. To achieve this, we propose a new double cluster head (DCH) scheme in which only cluster heads (CHs) can undertake inter cluster communication. Our simulation results reveal that the proposed DCH scheme consumes 45% less energy compared to the fully functional vehicle-to-roadside (V2R) scenario and approximately 88% less energy compared to other routing schemes while attaining the required QoS.


a hexacopter with a camera for maps construction is developed. The developed hexacopter is based on APM controller. An external GPS is connected to the controller to provide real-time position information in altitude, longitude, and latitude coordinate system. The apparatus consists of six controlled brushless DC motors, each have a propeller attached to it.


Students at MTs Negeri 1 Pasaman are directed to have a good and high memorization of the Qur'an in quality. The briefing has relevance to the skills needed from students in MTs, in line with previous research proving that the ability of the field of exorcist has an influence on social abilities. Therefore, this study aims to reveal how the relevance of mathematical ability with the quality and quantity of memorization of the Qur'an of learners. This research is designed with quantitative approach, the type of quantitative chosen here is correlation. The results showed that mathematical ability has a positive impact on the quality (Y1) of memorization of the Qur'an, amounting to 11.3%. The results of the study variable memorization test of mathematical ability (X) quality memorization (Y2) had an effect of 1.5 %.


Achievements in pluripotent stem cell and reprogramming strategies provide hope for generating hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in culture and for obtaining unlimited sources of transplantable cells. To reach this goal, deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that distinguish the self-renewing HSC from non-self-renewing progenitors during human development is required. We analyzed the molecular signature of GPI-80 (VNN-2) expressing human second trimester fetal liver HSPC, the only population that harbors the truly self-renewing fetal HSC. Microarray and RNAseq analysis comparing CD34 + CD38 - CD90 + GPI-80 + HSC to CD34 + CD38 - CD90 + GPI80 - HPC demonstrated remarkable molecular similarity of these two functionally distinct populations, including comparable expression of many key transcription factors involved in HSC development and maintenance (e.g. SCL, RUNX1, MLL1, HOXA9, BMI1, GFI1, ETV6 etc.). Nevertheless, this analysis identified a subset of transcriptional regulators uniquely up-regulated in GPI80 + HSC, such as MYCT1, HLF, MLLT3 and HIF3A. These factors were down-regulated in human fetal liver HSPC upon expansion on MSC stroma culture, during which they become compromised in in vivo engraftment ability despite maintaining HSC surface immunophenotype. multipotency and expression of most known HSC regulators. Moreover, these factors were absent or expressed at low levels in human ES cell derived HPC, which can acquire HSC surface phenotype but are unable to self-renew. The expression of MYCT1, MLLT3 and HLF was also enriched in undifferentiated HSPC subset as compared to progenitors in the adult bone marrow, while HIF3a expression was low post-natally. Altogether, these analyses implied strong correlation of the expression of these factors with HSC self-renewal properties. Strikingly, knockdown of MYCT1, HLF, MLLT3 and HIF3A in human fetal liver HSPC using lentiviral shRNA impaired maintenance of undifferentiated HSPC in MSC stroma co-culture, while their inducible overexpression augmented HSPC expansion and prevented their premature exhaustion. Uncovering how these novel HSC regulators protect the highly self-renewing fetal HSC will help define the pre-requisites for establishing and maintaining stemness in developing human HSC, and for generating HSC for therapeutic use. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


This work is part of a systematic investigation of the composition dependence of the structural properties and relative stability of the bcc and omega phases in the Zr-Nb system. On the basis of our previous results on the lattice parameters of Zr-Nb alloys a detailed analysis is performed of the bonding distances in the quenched and aged omega phase. The analysis reveals striking regularities which are discussed in the light of recent first-principles calculations of the electronic structure of the omega phase in Zr. A picture of the structure bonding relations in the omega phase is proposed which accounts for the theoretical results as well as experimental data on lattice parameters, interatomic distances, and the composition dependence of the hexagonal/trigonal symmetry change in this phase. The present model is also used in discussing the possibility of atomic ordering in the Zr-Nb omega phase, and the Zr-Zr bonding distances in some AlB 2 -type structure compounds of Zr.


Focused around a central business district, metropolitan Melbourne extends over 8,806 square kilometres of suburbs; however, the City of Melbourne comprises the 40 square kilometres that make up the city centre. The City's residential population, estimated at 122,000 in 2014, is expected to nearly double to around 230,000 by 2035. The current daytime population (including visitors and workers) approaches one million people. The City's economy accounts for 27 percent of Victoria's gross state product and 6 percent of Australia's gross domestic product.


Psychologists have the unique expertise of accumulated knowledge concerning incentive manipulation of behavior that they can bring to the research issue of incentives and fertility control. Equal or greater resources need to be invested in other approaches to the question of how to control fertility in addition to the usual solution of family planning. Any programs seeking to control fertility without the use of coercive or repressive means must be concerned with environmental aspects that influence the number of children a family has. It becomes necessary to identify the total range of contingencies in the environment of a given population that influence family size and then alter those contingencies in order to increase birth limitation behavior and decrease average family size. The issue of public sensitivity regarding family size ethical responsibility and efficiency of programs designed to control fertility all affect any research approach to the problem of fertility control. A practical approach to a research study of fertility control is that behavior is maintained by its consequences. Incentives can be positive or aversive relative to birth limitation and birth facilitation. They are anticipated or observed consequences of a behavior that tend to either increase or decrease the frequency of occurrence of that behavior. A conceptual framework is needed to guarantee that no major incentives are disregarded in the research. Lipe and Jung have developed such a framework. It divides the types of incentives into stimulus and response incentives. The stimulus incentives include material social secondary and vicarious incentives; feedback of consequences; and aversive incentives. Response incentives can be any of the existing high probability activities of the target couples themselves. The target population would include all adults of a community who are in their fertile years with the focus on the group for whom birth limitation is most relevant. Mode of incentive delivery and timing of reinforcements along with the nondelivery of certain incentives are all part of the framework.


We thank IBS for their comments which question our
interpretation of the universal viscosity divergence near
the flow-arrest transition in constant stress and pressure
rheology of hard-sphere colloidal suspensions [2]. IBS
introduced two Peclet numbers: Pe_0 = ẏ_ɑ^2=d0 and Pe = ẏ_ɑ^2/d(φ), with ẏ the strain rate, ɑ the particle size, d0
the isolated single-particle diffusivity and d_0 the long-
time at-rest self-diffusivity, and considered three regimes:
(i) Pe_0 < Pe ≪ 1, (ii) Pe_0 ≪ 1 ≪ Pe, and (iii) 1 ≪ Pe_0 <
Pe.


Article history: Received August 25, 2012 Received in revised format 25 September 2012 Accepted 4 October 2012 Available online October 5 2012 The purpose of this study is to compare thought – action fusion and anxiety sensitivity among girls and boys adolescents having obsessive–compulsive symptoms in clinical and nonclinical extent. The survey selects 385 high school students in city of Esfahan, Iran and distributes a questionnaire among them. All questions are designed in Likert scale and participants are divided into two groups of with and without OCD. The results show that there is a significant and positive difference in thought – action fusion and anxiety sensitivity among girls and boys adolescents having or symptoms in clinical and nonclinical l extent (P<0.01). © 2012 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


Failure in cancer therapy is often caused by relapse resulting largely from chemo-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). Most colorectal cancer patients, after receiving chemoradiotherapy, still harbor treatment-resistant residual tumor cells that are akin to colorectal adenoma. We therefore exploited the APCMin adenoma model that allowed us to study the natural and dynamic interaction between CSCs and their microenvironment in vivo following therapeutic stress. We observed that macrophages were directly recruited from blood vessel to the CSC niche in response to chemotherapy, playing a role in protecting and further promoting activation of CSCs. Reduction in the Ly6c-CD11bintCX3CR1+ MHCII+ population of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) by celecoxib or clodrosome was correlated with a decline in slow-cycling drug-resistant CSCs and tumorigenesis. Molecularly, we found that COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib suppressed Akt and Wnt signaling, downstream of macrophage-dependent PGE2-EP pathway, thus reducing CSC survival and activation. Taken together, in the naturally formed adenoma reflecting human familial adenomatous polyposis, Chemotherapy-induced recruitment of TAMs to the CSC niche protected and promoted activation of surviving CSCs via PGE2-EP mediated Akt-Wnt signaling, leading to tumor regrowth. Targeting the TAMs will benefit clinical treatment of colorectal cancer. Citation Format: Xi He, Paloma I. Giles, Edward H. Lin, Linheng Li. Targeting macrophage that forms a chemotherapy-induced niche significantly reduces cancer stem cells and tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 68.


Aims: This study examined the influence of body mass index (BMI) on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) detected by different electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria and the potential changes induced by an antihypertensive therapy from the SARA study database. Patients and Methods: The SARA study was aimed to determine the effect of a 12-month candesartan-based regimen on ECG-LVH. Overall, 264 patients were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to BMI. Obesity was defined as a BMI>27 Kg/m2. The analyzed ECG-LVH criteria were: Cornell voltage index (CorV), Cornell product (CorP), Sokolow-Lyon voltage index (SokV), and Sokolow-Lyon product (SokP). Results: At baseline, 53.8% (n = 142) had a BMI >27 Kg/m2 (Ob) vs 46.2% with BMI <27 kg/m2 (No-Ob). The main clinical characteristics of both groups (No-Ob vs Ob): age 62.23 ± 12.74 vs 63.41 ± 10.53 years, p = NS; gender [women] 42.7% vs 54.4%, p < 0.01; BMI 24.83 ± 1.59 vs 30.46 ± 3.45 Kg/m2, p < 0.001; diabetes 10.3% vs 20.6%, p < 0.001; systolic blood pressure 160.42 ± 12.96 vs 161.35 ± 15.72 mmHg, p = NS, and diastolic blood pressure 93.67 ± 8.83 vs 94.40 ± 10.26 mmHg, p = NS. At baseline, no differences were found in the prevalence of ECG-LVH, between groups regardless the ECG criteria analyzed. However, at study end, the reduction of CorV criterion with the candesartan-based therapy was significantly higher in obese patients (-0.30 vs -1.49 mm, p = 0.021); and there was a trend with CorP (-6.66 vs -152.93 mm x mV, P = 0.078), without significant differences between groups when SokV and SokP were analyzed. These data were more evident in male (No-Ob vs Ob): CorV +0.54 vs – 0.95 mm, p = 0.021; CorP +125.98 vs -120.35 mm x mV, p = 0.048; SokP -66.56 vs -257.86 mm x mV, p = 0.044; and SokV +0.21 vs -1.65 mm, p = 0.076. Conclusions: Although the prevalence of ECG-LVH was similar at baseline regardless BMI values, obese patients achieved higher reductions in ECG-LVH than non obese hypertensive patients with a candesartan-based regimen after a 12-month follow-up.


We present deep WFC3 grism observations of the candidate z ∼ 12 galaxy UDFj-39546284 in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Ultra Deep Field (UDF), by combining spectroscopic data from the 3D-HST and CANDELS surveys. The total exposure time is 40.5 ks and the spectrum covers 1.10 < λ < 1.65 μm. We search for faint emission lines by cross-correlating the two-dimensional G141 spectrum with the observed H160 morphology, a technique that is unique to slitless spectroscopy at HST resolution. We find a 2.7σ detection of an emission line at 1.599 μm—just redward of the JH140 filter—with flux 3.5 ± 1.3 × 10−18 erg s−1 cm−2. Assuming that the line is real, it contributes 110% ± 40% of the observed H160 flux and has an observed equivalent width >7300 Å. If the line is confirmed, it could be Lyα at z = 12.12. However, a more plausible interpretation, given current results, could be a lower redshift feature such as [O iii]λ4959,5007 at z = 2.19. We find two other 3D-HST [O iii] emitters within 1000 km s−1 of that redshift in the GOODS-South field. Additional support for this interpretation comes from the discovery of a bright "[O iii] blob" with a secure G141 grism redshift of z = 1.605. This object has a strikingly large observed equivalent width of nearly 9000 Å that results in similar "dropout" colors as UDFj-39546284.


In the course of current studies on the Asiatic Chrysomelidae, the author has come to the conclusion that a citrus flea beetle, described by CHUJO in 1958 under the name of Clitea citri from the Okinawa Is. is no doubt identical with C. metallica CHEN, originally described from Tonkin and known also from Central and Southern China as a serious pest of citrus trees and the species is widely distributed in the Ryukyu Archipelago. The following list is compiled from references and the data obtained by the author from the collections of insects in Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna and the entomological survey of the Ryukyu Archipelago in 1953∼1954 under the Japan-U.S. Cooperative Science Program.1) Ryukyu Archipelago: Okinawa Is. (Izumi, Nakijin and Nakasone). Ishigaki Is. (Banna-dake, Omoto-village, Kabira-Yoshiwara and Toro-gawa). Iriomote Is. (Kanpire-daki, Inaba, Shirahama-Sonai and Ushikumori).2) Taiwan: Takao (after KIMOTO, in press)3) China Szechuan (after GRESSITT & KIMOTO, 1963). Hunan (after GRESSITT & KIMOTO, 1963). Chekiang (after PENG, 1935). Kiangsi (after GRESSITT & KIMOTO, 1963). Kwangsi (after CHEN, 1939). Kwangtung (after HOFFMANN, 1935; after GRESSITT & KIMOTO, 1963). Hainan (after GRESSITT & KIMOTO).4) N. Vietnam: Hanoi and Hoa-Binh (after CHEN, 1933, 1934).


Energy and Environment Concerns in the Binational Relationship by Jonathan Lemco Transboundary Conflicts: Resources and Environment by Lynton K. Caldwell Energy Policy and Federalism in the United States and Canada by Eric M. Uslaner Energy Policy and the Environment by Rodney D. Schmidt Environment, Free Trade and Canada-United States Relations by John E. Carroll The Political Communication Systems of Environmental Groups: A Canadian-American Comparison by Mary Anne Steger, Nicholas P. Lovrich Jr., John C. Pierce, and Brent S. Steel The Environment/Energy Interface: Social Learning Versus the Invisible Foot by Gilles Paquet Sustainable Development: An Environmental Solution and a Business Opportunity by Colin F.W. Isaacs Our Changing Climate: Challenges and Opportunities in a Changing Environment by Irving M. Mintzer Environmental Pollution and Energy Production: A Framework for Policy by Richard L. Stroup Selected Bibliography Index


In the context of a health campaign on condom use in new relationships, this study examined the effects of interpersonal communication about condom use, std-tests, and health campaigns on the use of condoms in beginning relationships of young people, 18-25 years old. In a two-wave prospective study, 544 persons answered a pre-campaign questionnaire as well as, three months later, a post-campaign questionnaire. Interpersonal communication regarding safe sexual behaviour influences both intention to use condoms as well as the use of condoms. Interpersonal communication seems essential to establish changes in sexual behavior.


We present an integrated, all-optical chalcogenide waveguide pulse regenerator based on linear filtering of self phase modulated pulses. We demonstrate a nonlinear transfer function with 1.5 ps optical pulses and find good agreement with theory.


Given positive integers $p$ and $m$, where $p$ is assumed to be an odd prime, we determine the automorphism groups of $p$-groups $J$, $H$, and $K$ of orders $p^{7m}$, $p^{6m}$, and $p^{5m}$, and nilpotency classes 5, 4, and 3, respectively, all of which arise naturally from the Macdonald group $\langle x,y\,|\, x^{[x,y]}=x^{1+p^m\ell},\, y^{[y,x]}=y^{1+p^m\ell}\rangle$, where $\ell\in{\mathbf Z}$ is relatively prime to $p$.


LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Pol et al and Lampertico & Papatheodoridis papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16197 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16238


Current clinical practice is increasingly moving in the direction of volumetric imaging. However, model observers for 3D images have been little explored so far. This study is investigating the task of detecting 2D signals in multi-slice simulated image data. We propose a novel design of a multi-slice model observer. To evaluate it, we compare three different model designs of the channelized Hotelling observer (CHO), two multi-slice and one single-slice model. The multi-slice models are built as a sequence of a 2D CHO and 1D HO, where the CHO is used to calculate a vector of metrics for each slice in the planar view and the HO is used to calculate the final scalar statistic of the model. The single-slice model is a 2D CHO applied on the location of the lesion. Our results show that the multi-slice models outperform the single-slice one, and here the new model surpasses the existing one.


In this paper the ultra convergence of the derivative for odd-degree rectangular elements is addressed. A new, discrete least-squares patch recovery technique is proposed to postprocess the solution derivatives. Such recovered derivatives are shown to possess ultra convergence by using projection type interpolation.


Succinic acid is a precursor for many chemicals in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and biodegradable plastics industries. Nowadays, the biotechnological route to produce succinic acid is focused on processes based on the fermentation of natural materials characterized by high fraction of carbohydrates. Actinobacillus succinogenes is proposed in the literature as a promising strain for the production of succinic acid. Indeed, A. succinogenes may utilize a wide spectrum of carbohydrates as carbon sources. Moreover, the CO2 required for the fermentation allows to include the biotechnological route among the carbon capture and conversion processes. A key issue of fermentation processes aimed at producing succinic acid is the feedstock cost. Pre-requisites of the feedstock are: availability at high mass flow rate over all the year, and non-competitive with (human and animal) food. Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential feedstock because it fulfils the listed pre-requisites. This contribution reports the characterization of succinic acid fermentation by A. succinogenes 130Z adopting as carbon source sugars representative of the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: glucose, mannose, arabinose, and xylose. Batch fermentation tests were carried out using single sugar as carbon source for a systematic characterization of the conversion process of the investigated sugars. The conversion process was characterized in terms of concentration of biomass, sugars, and acids as well as of pH. The time-resolved data were processed to assess the sugar conversion, the succinic acid yield, and the productivity for each of the investigated sugars. A. succinogenes was able to convert all investigated sugars into succinic acid using MgCO3 as an indirect CO2 source. Glucose was the sugar characterized by the best performance when the initial concentration was set at 40 g/L. The performances did not depend on the investigated sugars if the initial concentration was quite low (<5 g/L).


A 50-question survey was developed by the land grant universities in the Pacific Northwest to document public awareness, aptitudes, attitudes and actions toward water issues in the states of Alaska, Idaho, Oregon and Washington, USA. Demographic data were also collected about the survey respondents. The statistically designed survey was completed by over 50% of the 1800 residents who were solicited for the study. The public consider clean groundwater a high priority issue. Survey respondents currently consider groundwater quality to be good; however, most people are unaware of groundwater quantity issues. In the last 5 years, a majority of survey respondents have taken voluntary actions both to protect groundwater quality and to conserve the use of this resource. People want the government to focus more attention on groundwater issues; however, they are unwilling to pay increased taxes to achieve this end. Based on this survey, the land grant universities need to increase groundwater education programmes for the public using television, radio, newspapers and the Internet rather than by the traditional workshop delivery methods.


The article deals with the influence of mass media on society. Social and cultural impact upon society is considered. The conclusion is made that mass media influence all the spheres of life, activities of people and society.


City, urbanity, and the urban community. A critical approach to the object of urban sociology. This essay tries to answer the question, whether a satisfactory solution as to the delimitation of urban sociology can be found by definition of the central concept of the "city". As many modern development show a lessening relation between the city and those social characteristics by whom the city usually has been defined, this question has to be denied. The solution of a "community sociology", as posed bij Rene Konig, is also disappointing in the end, as several processes in society make probable a decreasing sociological relevance of the geographical factor in social life. A solution of this methodological dilemma might be found in the development of a special sociology of the geographical ties of man and of the processes (e.g. processes of de-geographization) who are to be observed here.


OBJECTIVE
To study taxanes of the cell cultures of Taxus chinensis.

METHODS
The cell cultures were extracted with 95% alcohol, distributed by different solvents, isolated via column chromatogaphy on silica gel by eluting with various proportions of petroleum ether-ethyl acetate and purified by crystallization with ethanol.

RESULT
A taxane was isolated from the cell cultures of Taxus chinensis and its structure was identified as 2alpha,5alpha, 10beta, 14beta-tetraacetoxy-taxa-4 (20), 11-diene (Taxuyunnanine C) on the base of spectrum data.

CONCLUSION
The compound was isolated from the cell cultures of Taxus chinensis for the first time.


Network anomaly detection is very important in order to guarantee the reliable operation of network.Existing methods only utilize temporal correlation or spatial correlation of network traffic individually.Aiming at this deficiency,this paper considers the spatio-temporal correlation of traffic matrix together and puts forward a network-wide anomaly detection method based on MSPCA.The method utilizes the multiscale modeling ability of wavelet transform and dimensionality reduction ability comprehensively to model normal network traffic,and then analyzes residual traffic using Shewart and EWMA control charts.In addition,the MSPCA anomaly detection method is extended to online MSPCA anomaly detection method through applying gliding window mechanism.Real Internet measurement data analyses and simulation experiment analyses show that the detection performance of MSPCA algorithm is superior to PCA algorithm and KLE algorithm proposed recently.Analyses also show that the detection performance of online MSPCA algorithm is close to MSPCA algorithm,and the single step execution time of online MSPCA algorithm is very short,which can fully meet the need of real-time detection.


Thermal spas with a production of around 27 million m 3 /y of mineral water cover a significant portion of direct geothermal energy uses in Italy, for about 125,000 TOE/y. In comparison, industrial uses of geothermal energy are very limited. A description is given of the main applications (for location, see Fig. 1).


Education is a "corner stone" of economic and social development. Through education: one can develop whose skills are strategic for economic growth, promote progress and be relevant to the needs of the nation.


A method is proposed that the changes of elastic wave velocities are a function of normal stress, soil moisture, shear stress and shear displacement, can be expressed as ΔV = a ∗ (Δσ) m 2 + b ∗ ΔVWC + c ∗ Δτ + d ∗ Δx , Where σ is normal stress, VWC is volumetric water content, τ is shear stress, x is the shear displacement. This study aims at investigating the elastic wave propagation in soil, to find out the method using the changes of elastic waves in the slope surface layer and applied to an early warning system. A series of experiments were conducted, the first one was a laboratory experiment using multi-layer shear model to determine the coefficient of normal stress, soil moisture content, the shear stress, and the displacement. The elastic wave velocities calculated by the coefficient and the input soil moisture and shear stress were compared to the measured velocities, the results show they were the similar trend. The second one was elastic wave monitoring on-site. The results of on-site also showed that the elastic wave velocities changes with the soil moisture. It is similar to the result of laboratory experiment. Monitoring elastic wave in the surface layer of slope can detect its instabilities. Slope failure may be predicted based on the historical record of elastic wave propagation in soil.


This work presents the results obtained from an attempt for multi-criteria analysis of the economic activity in 2008 for European Union Member States and candidate countries. In analysis of the economic activities of member and candidate countries, five macroeconomic criteria have been considered. These are; Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Exports, Imports, Inflation rate and Unemployment rate. The European Union Member States and candidate countries were analyzed and sorted under the five criteria by means of TOPSIS and WSA methods.


High-velocity impact welding is a kind of solid-state welding process that is one of the solutions for the joining of dissimilar materials that avoids intermetallics. Five main methods have been developed to date. These are gas gun welding (GGW), explosive welding (EXW), magnetic pulse welding (MPW), vaporizing foil actuator welding (VFAW), and laser impact welding (LIW). They all share a similar welding mechanism, but they also have different energy sources and different applications. This review mainly focuses on research related to the experimental setups of various welding methods, jet phenomenon, welding interface characteristics, and welding parameters. The introduction states the importance of high-velocity impact welding in the joining of dissimilar materials. The review of experimental setups provides the current situation and limitations of various welding processes. Jet phenomenon, welding interface characteristics, and welding parameters are all related to the welding mechanism. The conclusion and future work are summarized.


The parasitic non-linear resistances solid and Litz wire windings operating are studied over a wide operating frequency range. The skin and proximity effects that cause the winding parasitic resistance of an inductor to increase with the operating frequency are considered along with the expressions for the ac resistances as functions of the operating frequency. The measured and calculated values of the inductor ac resistances plotted versus frequency and compared for both solid and Litz wire winding. The theoretical results were in good agreement with those experimentally measured.


Recent all-optical switching experiment have shown the usefulness of AlGaAs used below half the band gap.1–3 This spectral region is useful because the two photon absorption (2PA) vanishes below half the band gap, and that 2PA was shown to be detrimental to all-optical switching.4 However, the three photon absorption (3PA) becomes the limiting factor for nonlinear guided wave when the influence of the 2PA can be neglected.5 The previously measured value included some absorption by free carriers that were generated by 2PA.2 Such a process has the same behavior versus intensity as 3PA. In the present experiment the two photon absorption is negligible, therefore only the 3PA coefficient has been measured. We will show that AlGaAs satisfies the figures of merit and hence is a prime candidate for the study of nonlinear guided wave phenomena at 1550 nm.


The first geostationary satellite of Korea, COMS (communication, ocean and meteorological satellite) was launched successfully on 26 June 2010. COMS has been generating Atmospheric Motion Vector (here after AMV) at every hour with successive images of 15 minute intervals, since 1 April 2011 when it started to operate. KMA have applied the COMS hourly AMV to a 4d-var data assimilation system. KMA imported the Unified Model from the UK Met Office for its public service. The data assimilation system of the UM is based on 4d-var which runs 4 times a day with a 6 hour data assimilation window. Hourly COMS AMVs within +-2 hours from analysis time are ingested with temporal thinning of 1 hour and spatial thinning of 2 degrees and 100 hPa. Differences between the best-fit wind vectors and height of the AMVs are evaluated and used to estimate the vertical distribution of observational error. The estimated observation errors are applied in a quality control process in the data assimilation system. The tendency of bias and mean vector difference between COMS AMVs and NWP winds was found through the statistical validation of the COMS AMVs. The AMV quality is clearly related to the applied height assignment method. The differences depending on height assignment method were assessed statistically. We adopted different values for a nominal QI in the QC processing of AMVs. This paper introduced the result of implementation of COMS AMV and the impact of hourly COMS AMV assimilation in KMA NWP system .


Background In Serbia Safe Community programme has started in 2004. With first activities NGO Safe Community and continue with activities National centre for injury prevention and safety promotion from Novi Sad. Aims To improve quality of live and injury prevention. Methods Health promotion activities—Cooperation with the police station and activities related to the traffic, activities related to the safety at home and in public places, education and prevention of injuries at workplaces and at sport activities. Results There are a lot different activities like: Safe and healthy mother—Safe and healthy child; Parent as a role models; The school of parenthood; Places that are and places that aren't playgrounds; Call 92, 93, 94—emergency phone line; How to behave when alone at home; First aid; Introducing to persons whom we can ask for help on the street; The volunteer fire department offers fire safety courses to the municipalities. Activities for safe moving of the disabled persons and their inclusion, marking the side walks and lowering the edges of the sidewalks, reconstruction of the access and placing slopes; SOS phone line and education and trainings on violence prevention; Suicide prevention project- Before crossing the fence call and etc. Significance Two designated Safe Communities, Municipality of Backi Petrovac (2008) and City of Novi Sad (2009) and Affiliate Safe Community Support Centre (2009), First regional South eastern Europe Safe Community Conference (2009), South Eastern Europe Safe Community Network (2009), Safe Kids Serbia (2012).


The Z(3) gauge model with double plaquette representation of the action on the flat triangular and square lattices is constructed. It is reduced to the spin-1 Blume-Emery-Griffiths (BEG) model. An Ising-type critical line of a second-order phase transition is found.


Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) of multilayered metallic films synthesized from an insoluble combination of Fe and Mg is studied in a temperature range from 10 K to 300 K. A well defined FMR signal is observed in each sample with Fe thickness ranging from 4 A to 30 A. The observed spectra are found to be strongly dependent on the regularity of the layered structure. The resonance field exhibits an unusual shift which changes systematically as a function of the thickness as well as temperature. The origin of the shift of the resonance field is discussed in relation to the amorphous-like structure observed for the thickness less than 12 A.


We compared the use of abciximab with a distal balloon occlusion device in preserving myocardial perfusion among patients undergoing acute percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Of 114 patients, 40 were treated with abciximab and 74 with distal protection. Although pre-treatment with abciximab resulted in marginally better myocardial perfusion at initial coronary angiography, distal protection emerged superior at the end of the procedure. The use of distal protection was associated with an adjusted odds of 4 (p = 0.017) for achieving normal myocardial perfusion and adjusted reduction of 11 corrected TIMI frame counts (p = 0.001) compared with abciximab.


Tin dioxide gas sensor is widely used in detecting gas concentration by its electric conductivity change when exposed to flammable gases.The gas sensor can absorbed combustible gases and induced the surface resistivity fall of material.The conductivity change of the sensor can be outputted by the voltage of testing circuit.In this paper,concentration of gases is obtained by a recording meter and the gas sensor is airproof in a vessel.Based on the property of TGS813 and its sensitivity to temperature,A gasmetry instrument for combustible gas is designed for mesureing gas concentration and temperature via microcontroller system P89LPC938.


The placebo response, and other closely related phenomena, have been a constant source of fascination since they were first described and although precise, well demarcated definitions of the effects may not exist1–3 the broad related areas of research have never been starved of attention. Over the last decade we have observed a great increase in the amount of dedicated experimental work performed on these processes4,5, and ultimately we have arrived at a consensus that they constitute real psychobiological phenomena with fundamental implications for the pathophysiology and management of medical conditions6–9. In tandem with our evolving understanding of the effect, we have become increasingly reliant on a single experimental design model. The randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial (RDBPCT) has been the gold standard instrument for establishing and comparing the efficacy (active comparators or non-placebo controlled RCTs) of treatments for decades now10. This single study design model has become central to the regulatory approval process for pharmaceuticals and supplements alike. This has led to a massive increase in the number of RDBPCTs conducted globally – expected to be at least 50,000 per year by 2020. Parallel to this trend is the now well documented increase in the magnitude of placebo responses observed in RDBPCTs, especially in trials using relatively subjective outcome measures. This has been a topic of considerable interest in recent years, primarily because adequately differentiating active and placebo groups (i.e. achieving adequate "assay sensitivity") has become more difficult. In the current paper we describe the trends in more detail, as well as approaches to mitigate the placebo response and investigate whether newer study design models can improve the chances of achieving adequate separation between treatment groups.


A surface activation and / or methods for desulfurization of vulcanized rubber particles, which with mesophilic anaerobic and / or facultative anaerobic and / or microaerophilic bacteria and / or one or more of the bacteria enzyme system, in a medium to the biological treatment process for rubber particles to break the sulfur bridges and reducing sulfur, the process is completed at a temperature below 90 deg.] C of. Compared with untreated rubber particles, the activity of such treated rubber particles show an improved vulcanization properties, and can produce high quality products.


While the focus of this paper is on trade and women's right to health, it is also intended to serve as a more general framework of analysis that advocates can apply to trade and any number of economic and social rights. The paper first makes a connection between trade agreements and women's right to health; second, it establishes the basis for the right to health and the importance of social and economic rights; finally, it provides women's human rights advocates with tools to hold their national governments accountable for the discriminatory effects of trade policies that impair women's enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights.


Welcome to this issue of the Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism. The contributions to this issue cover a diverse range of issues including the United Kingdom's responses to terrorism both past and present, lone-wolf terrorists, terrorism laws in Australia, and the terrorism lifecycle. Anne Aly presents a stimulating and challenging perspective to the issue of countering home-grown terrorism. She reports on the establishment of a ''Peace Park'' on the site of the 2002 Bali bombing and how this initiative facilitates the construction of a counter narrative to terrorist propaganda. Jessie Blackbourn examines the United Kingdom's response to terrorism from the point of view of the origin of the threat. She notes that the UK has recently either focused on Northern Ireland or on international terrorism and that the laws enacted have been suited to either of these threats, but not both. She examines the issue of slippage of the laws from one threat to another and finds that this has not occurred. Jason-Leigh Striegher discusses the concept of the lone-wolf terrorist and explores the challenges that this type of terrorist presents to law enforcement as well as intelligence agencies. He asserts that the lone-wolf terrorist never truly acts alone and that religion is not the sole motivating force behind his or her actions. The role of political identity and other ideologies is discussed. John Lamb examines the British approach to counter terrorism since the Victorian era. He asserts that this approach has consisted of two contrasting elements. One he describes as ''light'' meaning publically visible actions, and the other as ''dark'' meaning secret and potentially illegal. He asserts that these elements have proven to be complementary. George Williams, in an extensive forum paper, examines the Australian response to terrorism in terms of the extraordinary powers given to Australian security agencies such as ASIO (Australian Security Intelligence Organisation). Williams notes that Australia passed an extraordinary number of pieces of legislation in relation to terrorism and examines the effects of these laws remaining active and their spread to other areas of criminal investigations, such as crime associated with motorcycle gangs. In the second forum paper, Kuram Iqbal and Sara De Silva examine the rise and possible fall of the terrorist group known as Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan. Iqbal and De Silva analyse the factors that have contributed to the group's rise and use a terrorist lifecycle model to examine the likely fall of the group. The contributions to this issue of the Journal cover a diverse range of issues. I think it is especially important that the issues associated with the impact of laws drafted under extraordinary circumstances such as the terrorist attacks of September 2001 be examined and that as a free and democratic society we do not infringe on the rights of our citizens unnecessarily. I trust you will find them informative and worthwhile.


The processes governing the resonant interaction of lower hybrid waves with a radially bounded electron beam spiraling in a magnetized plasma are investigated for various physical parameters and beam-waves resonance conditions. It is shown that the nonlinear behavior of the beam-waves system strongly depends on three main parameters, that is, the growth rates of the waves' instabilities in the presence of the spiraling beam, the waves' amplitude maxima achieved at the stage of the first trapping process as well as the frequency and the intensity of the initial beam current modulation. The dependence of these factors on the system's nonlinear evolution is examined in detail with the help of numerical simulations. Results obtained when studying the interaction of the spiral beam with two waves indicate that the control of the initial stage of the system's evolution should be of great importance when one considers the interaction of the beam with several waves. Moreover, it is found that the waves' instabili...


Based on body-centered and began from 3D body, application and advantages of 3D software UG were introduced in the mechanical drawing, which makes up the weakness of traditional mechanical drawing teaching.


In conventional technologies, ITO, i.e., a light transmissive conductive material, is used as an electrode material in many cases. The ITO has weak adhesiveness to glasses to be substrates, and moreover, it is difficult to form insulating films on the ITO. As a result, the insulating films become extremely weak, and resistance characteristics of devices are deteriorated. This liquid transfer device is configured such that the device is provided with a first substrate, which is provided with a plurality of first electrodes having voltages independently applied thereto, and a second substrate, which is disposed to face the first substrate at an interval, and which is provided with a second electrode that faces the first electrodes; the first electrodes and/or the second electrode has an opening; and through the opening, the insulating film is adhered to the substrate that is provided with the electrode having the opening therein.


This article expounds the function of reference in scientific theses, and describes the requirements and rules of reference writing, while discusses the common problems in reference writing.


In this study, global sensitivity analysis of nanomachining parameters by using dynamic scanning thermal microscope is investigated. Thus, the cross section of a nanomachined sample by sweeping with different tip radius on vibrational response of the system at different speeds and temperatures are simulated. It is shown that by increasing temperature, the depth of nanomachining decreases and by increasing tip radius, the depth of nanomachining increases. Also, it is declared that the final quality of the nanomachining decreases by increasing speed travelling. Then, the Sobol indices for the mean depth and surface finish of the nanomachined sample are studied. It is shown that travelling speed is not affected the mean depth of nanomachining in its physical range and so the effects of the probe travelling speed and interaction between parameters are negligible. It is declared that the effect of interaction between temperature, travelling speed and tip radius is important on final surface finish of sample, however the most important parameter is still the temperature difference. Then, the total indices and Sobol indices are compared. It is stated that the total indices are significantly higher than the Sobol indices for final surface of the nanomachining. For mean depth of the nanomachining the total indices and Sobol indices for temperature and tip radius are approximately equal and the effect of probe travelling speed is negligible.


Objective To analyse the strategy for eliminating poliomyelitis and provide the experience for controlling other diseases in Huaibei city.Methods Using the data of Huaibei Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control,the data reported by AFP monitor system,and the data of routine vaccinating and intensifying immunity from every district.Results The rate of routine vaccinating has been maintained at more than 90%,and has fulfilled the object of three 85%.The rate of taking bacterin for every round of intensifying immunity was all above 95%.The rate of report of AFP has been maintained at more than one hundred thousandth,and the major monitor results all met the demands of WHO.Conclusion The vaccinating rate of the whole city children has been maintained at a high level.By putting into practice the immunological strategy,the goal of eliminating poliomyelitis has been achieved.The results are remarkable,and valuable experiences have been provided for controlling other diseases.


This article finds out the implied relation through the research of Raphael's painting "Our Lady's Wedding" and Liszt's emotional experience, in addition to creative background of "Sposalizio", the creative approach is also very characteristic. Such as the using of pentatonic scale in the first theme, the variation of harmony colour, the using many music terms and impressionist style are very worth to research.


Abstract Objectives To evaluate the possible impact of 'Fitting to Outcomes eXpert (FOX®)' on cochlear implant (CI) fitting in a clinic with extensive experience of fitting a range of CI systems, as a way to assess whether a software tool such as FOX is able to complement standard clinical procedures. Methods Ten adult post-lingually deafened and unilateral long-term users of the Advanced BionicsTM CI system (Clarion CII or HiRes 90KTM) underwent speech perception assessment with their current clinical program. One cycle 'iteration' of FOX optimization was performed and the program adjusted accordingly. After a month of using both clinical and FOX programs, a second iteration of FOX optimization was performed. Following this, the assessments were repeated without further acclimatization. Results FOX prescribed programming modifications in all subjects. Soundfield-aided thresholds were significantly lower for FOX than the clinical program. Group speech scores in noise were not significantly different between the two programs but three individual subjects had improved speech scores with the FOX MAP, two had worse speech scores, and five were the same. Conclusion FOX provided a standardized approach to fitting based on outcome measures rather than comfort alone. The results indicated that for this group of well-fitted patients, FOX improved outcomes in some individuals. There were significant changes, both better and worse, in individual speech perception scores but median scores remained unchanged. Soundfield-aided thresholds were significantly improved for the FOX group.


78% of the DB's traffic volume uses its 9,500 km of electrified lines. The remaining percentage is shared between diesel traction (17%) and steam traction (5%). In 1973, the DB consumed 6.3 thousand million KWh of electrical energy, 10% of which was supplied by hydraulic power stations, 22% by transformation of the three-phase current from the national grid, and 68% by 7 thermal power stations. The DB consumed 480,000 tonnes of diesel oil and 65,000 t of fuel oil (in an oil-fired power station). In 1954, the DB's energy needs were equivalent to 10 million tons of coal, while in 1972, with 40% more traffic, they were equivalent to 4 million tonnes. In the German Federal Republic, the railway uses less than half the energy in Kcal per passenger-kilometre, while road vehicles are responsible for 60% of air pollution through dust and exhaust fumes.


In this paper we propose a dynamic state feedback controller for an input affine nonlinear system that asymptotically stabilizes a point in the output space that is implicitly given as the solution to a convex optimization problem. The construction of the feedback law is based on saddle point flows for convex optimization problems and a backstepping technique. An explicit solution of the optimization problem is not needed for the controller design. We show how the design approach can be applied to multi-agent systems, yielding a decentralized controller. For a particular example, we extend the controller to the output feedback case.


A client connected to a communication network performs an access request to an object. An application server performs an application by an actual object according to the client request. An object pool connected to the client and the application server pools a proxy object corresponding to the actual object and holds the actual object management information. The application server notifies the object pool of an event according to the status change of the application. The object pool automatically updates the actual object management information according to the notification of the event from the application server.


This thesis focuses on the detection of specific movements using ActiMyo, a device developed by the company Sysnav. This system is composed by low-cost miniature inertial sensors that can be worn on the ankle and wrist. In particular, a supervised statistical learning approach aims to detect strides in ankle recordings. This first work, combined with an algorithm patented by Sysnav, allows to compute the trajectory of the pedestrian. This trajectory is then used in a new supervised learning method for the activity recognition, which is valuable information, especially in a medical context. These two algorithms offer an innovative approach based on the alignment of inertial signals and the extraction of candidate intervals which are then classified by the Gradient Boosting Trees algorithm. This thesis also presents a neural network architecture combining convolutional channels and topological data analysis for the detection of movements representative of Parkinson's disease such as tremors and dyskinesia crises.


The author addresses the subject of the opposition of "free-thinking" and belief in God in the domestic liberal thought and draws parallels between modern Russian society and similar philosophic discussions a century from the present time. In both cases liberalism in Russia kept to aggressive atheistic position, supporting in that aspect radical materialists. The author examines the historical preconditions for such worldview on the basis of the polemics inside the "Religious and Philosophical Society" that existed in St. Petersburg at the beginning of the 20th century. According to the author, in that period there existed a very promising direction in Russian liberal thought, when the representatives of Russian liberal ideas (along with the representatives of other intellectual directions) were the architects of the renascence of Russian religious philosophy on the eve of the Russian empire collapse. Their intellectual activity dealt with relieving the ideological hostility of liberalism towards religion and spiritual life traditions. The representatives of that direction supposed that without solving that problem of antagonism, liberalism would inevitably degenerate into culturally and politically destructive nihilism. The author stresses the relevance of similar antagonism and confrontation nowadays, drawing attention in that regard to the importance of studying and further development of all directions of thought that we inherit from Russian religious philosophy of the beginning of the 20th centu


For optimizing the modularity,a community discovery algorithm(CDPSO) is proposed based on particle-swarm-optimization(PSO).By the characteristics of network link data,a novel particle-encoding scheme is presented to avoid the production of illegal particles,alleviate the local optimal-partition encountered in the iterative partition approach based on Boolean encoding scheme,and improve the particle-position adjustment strategy in traditional discrete PSO to achieve better convergence.Experimental results show that CDPSO can rapidly and effectively discover the intrinsic community structure in networks without any domain information.


Political theory as a discipline has long been skeptical of computational methods. In this paper, I argue that it is time for theory to make a perspectival shift on these methods. Specifically, we should consider integrating recently developed generative large language models like GPT-4 as tools to support our creative work as theorists. Ultimately, I suggest that political theorists should embrace this technology as a method of supporting our capacity for creativity—but that we should do so in a way that is mindful of the content and value of theorizing, the technical constraints of the models, and the ethical questions that the technology raises.


Cowboy and his natures have made contribution to the creation of definite masculinity and love relationship between cowboys in Brokeback Mountain affects how cowboy's masculinity is further depicted. This paper has purpose to reveal how same-sex relationship in the movie challenges the cowboy's masculinity by analysing the subtitle. This study applied semiotics theory to identify the available data relevant to the construction meaning of cowboy's masculinity, myth of romantic love and homosexuality. The result shows that homosexual relationships between major cowboy characters in the movie contest the long-established masculinity of cowboy. The struggle to maintain traditional relationship through marriage does not affect social prejudice towards homosexual cowboy.


Research on student misbehaviors in classroom have focused on the identification of most frequent misbehaviors and individual practices used by the teachers. However there is still a significant gap about the demographic and other factors that affect teachers' perceptions of misbehaviors in classrooms. This meta-analysis reviewed the literature in Turkey on student misbehaviors from the views of teachers and demographic factors in theses and published articles between 2000-2012. The sample included 3648 teachers gathered from 16 studies. The results highlight that task avoidance, constant talking with classmates, verbal hostility towards peers and teacher, indifference to study subject during classes, damaging school stuff, and coming late are the most frequent student misbehavior types reported by teachers. Results showed a small relation between perceived student misbehavior and teachers' teaching field, teacher seniority, educational background of teachers, and number of students in classroom. Gender was not determined as a statistically significant variable in determining teachers' perceptions of student misbehavior. Practical implications for future research and practices are discussed. Keywords: student misbehavior, classroom management, teacher perception, meta-analysis.


"Cultural" approaches in Geography have opened new perspectives on the relationship between religious beliefs and practices and the different theoretical and existential dimensions of space, often related to the construction of subjectivity and bodily experience. In this context, this paper presents a case of study (based on ethnographic research) in which the sacred and urban spatial practices become the subject of a dispute about the urban structure of the town in the province of Toledo (Spain). Through the dispute for spatial practices, collective emotions come into play and symbols of collective identity are constructed and deconstructed. The paper addresses first the description of the municipal context in which events occur, followed by the description and analysis of the conflict, ending with some conclusions about the case.


Digital image signal processing nowadays has been widely used in embedded system. With the emergence of new image formats, the computational workload has been massively increasing, while at the same time, significant level of programmability is demanded in order to cope with new specification/interface. ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) and GPP (General Purpose Processor) have been largely used as the two commonplace countermeasures to fulfill those requirements.


For more than 10 years the term MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) has been synonymous with successful standardization in the field of audiovisual coding. The well-known standards MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4 have defined the state of the art in the perceptual coding of multimedia content. More recently the MPEG standards group (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11) has extended its traditional scope by initiating the MPEG-7 standardization process, which aims to define a unified interface for the description and characterization of multimedia content. An overview of the goals, ideas, and concepts behind MPEG-7 is provided, with particular emphasis on the audio part of the emerging standard.


Presentism has received much scrutiny of late, yet little has been said of its definition. Many assume that it means simply that all that exists, exists at present. However, this definition will not do. It is defective in a multiplicity of ways. I consider and reject each of a number of intuitive ways in which to amend it. Each carries us a bit closer to our goal, but not until the end do we reach a definition that is wholly satisfactory. The final definition has this remarkable feature: it has us posit abstracta of two kinds, namely, times and haecceities.


Ablative fractionated laser resurfacing is a new modality currently used for skin rejuvenation and wrinkle reduction. How well does it work for scars?

In this pilot study, 15 women underwent CO2 fractionated laser treatment of 22 non-acne scars (mostly atrophic scars of the face). Treatments were performed under local anesthesia, 1 to 4 …


: This study uses Delphi method and AHP to study the index system of middle school physical education teachers' competency, finds out the typical indicators that affect middle school physical education teachers' competency and their weights, and provides information for middle school physical education teachers' competency evaluation, professional development, selection, Examination provides reference. The results show that the competency indicators of middle school physical education teachers are composed of four first-level indicators: professional ability, personal characteristics, driving ability, and scientific research and innovation ability. It consists of 17 secondary indicators such as students and sense of responsibility. Among them, the first-level indicators and weights are: professional ability (0.39), personal characteristics (0.13), driving ability (0.12), and scientific research and innovation ability (0.35).Secondary indicators: sports skills (0.04), teaching and organizational skills (0.08), competition management skills (0.05), communication skills (0.06), motivation (0.05), self-confidence (0.05), hard work (0.04), career preference (0.05), focus on students (0.09), responsibility (0.08), reflection ability (0.08), lifelong learning (0.06), clear development goals (0.06), innovation ability (0.06), scientific research ability (0.06), enterprising spirit (0.05), solidarity and cooperation (0.04)


With the advancement of industry, the utilization of cushion package to apply on the products of civilian, sports, electric, precise equipment increases extensively, which are brittle and vulnerable that need to be protected. In the research, the Recycled High Strength PET fiber, Recycled Kevlar fiber and low melting PET fiber are selected as materials, which the content of Recycled Kevlar fiber is stationary. The composite nonwoven fabric was manufactured by non-woven processing and subsequently estimated its stab-resistant strength and air permeability. The composite nonwoven fabric was being heat treatment which can make low melting point PET fiber bonding with other fibers in order to enhance the mechanical property of composite nonwoven fabric.


Aims and objectives: Before Estonian independence (1983-1990 in the study) Estonian Russians had the lowest suicide rates compared to Estonians and to Russia. The highest suicide rates among Estonian Russians during the transition period after independence (1991-1998) may have caused by the remarkable changes in their status: from privileged position to the status of immigrants. The purpose of the present study was to compare suicide predicting factors of Estonian Russians and Estonians. Methods: Psychological autopsy study with 427 suicide cases with pair-wise matched controls was preformed. Results: The only variable differing significantly between Russian and Estonian suicidents was substance use pattern. Logistic regression models showed that factors associated with suicide for both nationalities were substance dependence and abuse, being economically inactive and recent family discord. Having no partner, being unemployed and being an abstainer stayed significant for Estonians, while somatic illness, separation and death of a close person for Russians. Conclusions: The predicting factors of suicide were similar among Estonian Russians and Estonians; there were still some differences in the nature of recent life events. A suggestion arose that the highest suicide rate among Estonian Russians during the 1990's could be at least partly attributable to their higher substance consumption. Language: en


month of disruption, deprivation, and discontent and summarizes the evidence supporting Koenker's argument that the workers supporting the Revolution were precisely those who were most urbanized, who had loosened if not broken the link with the countryside. Diane Koenker has written an important book, important as much for what it says as for what it supposes. She has plumbed archival, memoir, newspaper and other published materials in an effort to draw out of a mass of data conclusions about the role of Moscow workers in the Revolution. Some of the evidence, and therefore some of the conclusions, will no doubt be controversial. What will not be disputed is the benefit of the social historical perspective adopted, a perspective which has helped to illuminate a number of important features of the "dark masses." One hopes that her call for further research of a similar kind will be answered.


Surface acoustic wave(SAW) gas/vapor sensor is widely used in the fields of environmental monitoring,health care and chemical detection to detect toxic and hazardous gases/vapors on-site and real-time for its advantages of high sensitivity,good selectivity,fast response,small size and easy to carry,etc.The characteristics of the sensitive coating materials is the key factor that determine the performance of SAW gas/vapor sensor,such as sensitivity,selectivity,response time and life.In this paper,the principle of SAW sensor response and the requirements for sensitive coating materials were briefly introduced firstly.Then the research progress of the organic polymer coating materials used in SAW sensors was described in detail and a simple prediction for the research trends was made at last.


In late 2014, the General Court has recently issued a Ruling in the context of the Si.mobil case interpreting the first of these provisions in a way which further enhances the Commission's «not unlimited» discretion when rejecting complaints (the «Si.mobil Ruling»). The Si.mobil Ruling hinged on the interpretation of Article 13(1) Regulation 1/2003 that is interpreted by Si.mobil in the light of the general principle of effectiveness of EU law. Indeed, the network formed by the competition authorities should ensure both an efficient division of work and an effective and consistent application of EC competition rules. Meanwhile, The Commission proposes that Article 13 of Regulation 1/2003 should be interpreted in such a manner that the mere fact that a NCA claims to be dealing with a case is sufficient in and of itself to enable the Commission not to take the case. Despite the fact that dispute, the truth is that on 17 December 2014, the General Court upheld the Commission Decision. Published online : 13 July 2015