Indonesia is one of the big countries and consists of thousand islands. These diversities make Indonesia become one of the biggest multiculturalism countries in the world. Multiculturalism is the state of society which consists of the diversity values of religion, tribes, race, ethnic, language, and social status. However, in the application, the diversity and the plurality will cause problems, among others. Therefore, it is important to make the education that gives multicultural insight to the students in families, schools, and society environment to create the characterized, civilized, and respect the multiculturalism citizens. This study discussed the students' perception about multicultural education at the Indonesian School in Singapore. The result showed that the students' perception about multicultural education has different generated categories between junior and senior high school levels. Based on the result of T test conducted on multicultural education indicator, it can be seen that t count (-21.8) < t table (2.00); hence, students of Indonesian School of Singapore have positive perception about multicultural education. Thus, multicultural education is expected to be taught to young generation to maintain harmony relationships among fellow members of the community in diversity. Keywords— multicultural, education, Indonesian School


Aims: Whilst adoption of supply chain management (SCM) practices has grown in recent decades, research into supply chain management practices of firms in the petroleum downstream remains very limited. This study examines the effect of SCM practices on operational performance for firms in the petroleum downstream. Study Design: Survey. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ghana from January 2019 to February 2020. Methodology: The study developed and tested a research model which proposed that Strategic Supplier Partnership, Customer Relationship, Supply Chain Information Management and Postponement significantly influenced Operational Performance of firms in the petroleum downstream. Data for the study was obtained from a survey of 150 firms operating in Ghana's petroleum downstream. Original Research Article Nkrumah et al.; JEMT, 26(3): 34-46, 2020; Article no.JEMT.57390 35 Results: The findings of the study revealed that Strategic Supplier Partnership and Supply Chain Information Management had positive and significant impacts on Operational Performance, but Customer Relationship and Postponement did not. Conclusion: Firms operating in the petroleum downstream should focus more on developing and managing strategic partnerships with their suppliers and managing their supply chain information.


An alternative model named a codebook-excited neural network has been proposed for source coding or vector quantisation. Two advantages of this model are that the memory information between source frames can easily be taken into account by recurrent connections and that the number of network connections is independent of the transmission rate. The simulations have also shown its good quantisation performance. The codebook-excited neural network is applicable with any distortion measure. For a zero-mean, unit variance, memoryless Gaussian source and a squared-error measure, a 1 bit/sample two-dimensional quantiser with a codebook-excited feedforward neural network is found to always escape from the local minima and converge to the best one of the three local minima which are known to exist in the vector quantiser designed using the LBG algorithm. Moreover, due to its conformal mapping characteristic, the codebook-excited neural network can be applied to designing the vector quantiser with any required structural form on its codevectors.<<ETX>>


This submission comprises two original compositions for voice(s) and ensemble, developing important themes from recent work:

Firstly, it continues an ongoing autoethnographic study which seeks to understand the world through an exploration of older narratives, buildings, artefacts and images; secondly, it is concerned with the re-telling of narratives from the past in such a way as to create new forms and structures.

Both compositions are re-interpretations of material from historical sources; Ellis and Bochner (2000, 739) state that "autoethnographers gaze, first … focusing outward on social and cultural aspects of their personal experience; then, they look inward, exposing a … self that is moved by and may move through, refract, and resist cultural interpretations", favouring instead the personal and subjective readings. The multi-layered nature of the poetry (in Tlatelolco) re-tells events from multiple perspectives, revealing ambiguities and inconsistencies in the reporting of the massacre and providing opportunities for multiple parallel musical settings. In Music of a Thousand Breaths that ambiguity is provided through simultaneous visual, musical and poetic re-tellings.

In either case the overarching structure of the work is determined by an external source - the sequence of paintings around the nave of the church, or the poetic text - but linear continuity is deliberately broken by the fragmented, episodic form and a web of musical cross-referencing to create a fractured continuity which draws extensively upon techniques of analepsis and prolepsis from cinematography. In Tlatelolco, for example, the narrative cuts between the three voices, often rapidly, to establish a quasi-cinematic montage; transitions are sometimes smooth crossfades but in other places are harder cuts, without transition. Whilst del Rio tells the story of the events in the order they unfold, the use of multiple perspectives dramatizes that narrative and the disjunct continuity adds to the sense of bewilderment and confusion.


Analyzing the rupture failure of compressor aluminum alloy blades of certain engine,a process of shot peening-paint has been brought forward to improve the stress corrosion resistance of the blades.The distribution and relaxation of residual stress influenced by the shot peening treatment and paint process have been studied.The corrosion and blast resistance of the blades treated with shot peening and paint process have also been investigated.The results show that the corrosion resistance and blast resistance of the blades is obviously improved.The stress state of the blades are also improved by treated with shot peening and paint process.The blades treated with optimum shot peening-paint routine are fitted in a trial run engine.After the trial running,there is no crack found on the blades.


The paper explores seven factors driving business process reengineering: the current libraries' business processes can't fully meet the requests of digital information environment,the work focuses of libraries have been shifted,the means of information services are becoming diversifying,the functions of libraries are being expanded constantly,the information requirements of users are deepening,individualizing and diversifying,users can take more part in the works and services of libraries,information and services' demands of users tend to be integrated.


The integration of human motion analysis and biometrics in intelligent video surveillance system (IVSS) has become a new research topic during the past years. Among the technologies in IVSS, the most important one is automatic human identification, which can be reliably achieved using biometric characteristics such as iris, fingerprints, signatures, and voice patterns for identification. However, these biometrics methodologies are either intrusive or constrained to many well-controlled scenarios. As a new biometrics method, gait recognition aims to identify persons by their walking styles. Compared with other biometrics such as iris and fingerprints that are widely used in some security-sensitive applications, human gait has many advantages of being non-intrusive and lower requirement of image resolution. In this paper, we present a novel method for gait recognition of different groups of pedestrians based on Fourier descriptors (FDs) and support vector machine (SVM). The proposed method involves the procedures of background modeling, extraction of gait silhouettes by background subtraction, shadow removal, representation of gait shapes using the FDs, and recognition of human gaits by an SVM Classifier. To confirm the robustness of the proposed method, 5 different groups with 15 image sequences, including the pregnant, the child, the adult, the people with a walking stick, and the aged, are utilized. Experimental results show that the correct recognition rate (CRR) of 81% using only the first 20 coefficients of FDs can be achieved, indicating the feasibility of the proposed method. Moreover, another representation of gait silhouettes using shape boundary points of K=64 is used to achieve a correct recognition rate of 79%.


Transsexual gender change by a sex change operation has controversy in the medical,ethical and legal.Degeneration is a transsexual's psychological and physiological needs,and transgender sex change operations is an effective treatment program,based on human dignity,personal freedom,Personal Rights,based on the right to life,health,physical right and so on,transgender request the purposes of sex change operations,medical technology through the pain out of psychological freedom and rights of transgender people should be as unique a right to be permitted by law and recognized in the legislation to protect the development of appropriate rules.


The abusive consumption of alcohol represents a serious problem of public health, considered as a main factor of mortality and morbidity; it meaningfully affects physical and psychological functioning of the individual. It is known that the extension of the damages on cognitive behavior depends on the type, length and beginning of the consumption and that has consequences in the daily activities each individual. The consequences of consumption on cognitive behavior are passive of affecting the terapeuthical process, namely the inhibition of automatic behaviors of inhibiting consumption, to cognitive flexibility to substitute consumption behaviors for other more adjusted or to the capacity to set other goals rather than automatic reward. On the other hand, each time more importance is given to the existence of some vulnerability on alcohol addicts, highlighting some fragility in cognitive processes, which can lead to the development of additive behaviors. Therefore, there must be a concern in the development of rehabilitation programs able to integrate emotional, cognitive and behavioral aspects based on the concept of neuroplasticity. This way, a


Introduction One of the most appealing way to develop clean energy and promote a low-carbon economy is by directly converting sunlight into storable chemcial energy as hydrogen via solar water splitting. This paper summarizes the mechanistic understanding of plasmonic enhancement for photocatalytic water splitting to promote its practical application. Method  A great deal of attention has been focused on the specific mechanism about the plasmonic effect during the photocatalytic water splitting reaction process, demonstrating the significant roles of plasmonic particles in enhancing sunlight absorption, exploiting entire solar spectrum, promoting photogenerated charge separation, increasing thermodynamic energy of charge carriers, as well as providing active sites for water splitting. Result  The recent advances and prospects for future developments regarding the promotion of plasmonic effect on solar water splitting for hydrogen production has been presented. Conclusion  Based on the plasmonic solar water splitting, great efforts on increasing the efficiency and stability of the photocatalysts are needed from researchers with different disciplines to make breakthroughs.


We have presented a brief initial discussion of the concept of the environmental modeling system and laid particular emphasis on the relation between the data which is used to run such models and the mathematical model itself. We have also discussed the relations between the data and the output of the models on the one hand, and the relations of the data with the sensitivity of the environmental model on the other hand. We have discussed specifically the mesoscale air quality models and the different modules by making a distinction between peripheral modules (DATA) and the mathematical model itself. We have presented a specific example of the application of a mesoscale air quality model (OPANA) to a domain (Madrid, Spain) and the impact of using remote sensing data or field experiment data for parameterising the canopy resistance in deposition modeling. Finally, we have discussed the foreseen future evolution of air quality modeling (and particularly the mesoscale air quality modeling) by using tools such as GIS or satellite data and statistical packages together with the future more powerful parallel computer platforms.


Applying the first Noether theorem to the Liouville equation uxy=exp u, we find all (namely, a continuum of) non-trivial conservation laws of this equation. Then we find five new zero-curvature representations of the Liouville equation (by 2*2 traceless matrices) which contain, respectively, 1, 1, 2, 2 and 3 essential parameters. Finally, we show that all known zero-curvature representations of the Liouville equation are equivalent (in a definite sense) to matrices of conservation laws.


A field experiment was conducted during 2008-2012 in Shandweel Research Station, Sohag Governorate (latitude of 26°.55 N & longitude of 31°.7 E) to study the ratooning ability of five promising sugarcane varieties, viz. G.84-47, G.2003-47, G.2003-49, G.98-28, G.99-160 compared to the commercial G.T.54-9 variety. The tested varieties were arranged in a randomized complete block design in three replications. The evaluated genotypes were assessed for their regeneration capacity based on number of stalks/m 2 , stalk diameter, sucrose, cane and sugar yields up to 2 nd ratoon. The tested genotypes significantly differed in sucrose content, cane and sugar yields. Among the studied genotypes, G.2003-47, consistently maintained the highest cane yield/fed, while the commercial variety produced the highest sugar yield as compared to the other genotypes up to the 2 nd ratoon crop. It was found that G.2003-47 genotypes possesses better multiratooning ability with high cane and sugar yields and could be exploited successfully beside the commercial variety G.T.54-9.


Fast dissolving Tablets are disintegrating, dissolve immediately in the saliva without the need for water. FDTs can be prepared by different methods as direct compression, freeze-drying, spray drying, sublimation and wet granulation method. Botanical drugs comprise of a major share of all the officially recognised systems of health in India. The herbal extract of Bauhenia Veriagata Linn is used in this formulation. An objective of this study wwere to formulate FDTs with sufficient mechanical integrity and to achieve faster disintegration in the oral cavity without water. To achieve this goal, MCC is used as diluents and sodium saccharin as sweetening agent for the formulation of tablets. Were attempt enhance dissolution rate along with faster disintegration using superdisintegrants like Crospovidone, Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and mixture of crospovidone and sodium starch glycolatein the formulation of tablets. The tablets were subjected to weight variation, drug content uniformity and hardness, friability, wetting time, In vitro dispersion time, In vitro drug release studies and In vivo studies. In vivo studies showing the formulation F1 has antidiabetic activity.


Pigmentation of healed cultured skin substitutes in burn patients is frequently irregular and unpredictable which compromises solar protection and the patient's self‐image. To address these morbidities, human fibroblasts were inoculated on a collagen‐glycosaminoglycan substrate followed 1 day later by the addition of keratinocytes at 1.1 × 106/cm2 combined with either 0, 1.1 × 102, 1.1 × 103, or 1.1 × 104 melanocytes/cm2. The skin substitutes were incubated in vitro for 3 weeks and grafted to athymic mice. In vitro, the number of L‐Dopa–positive melanocytes in the skin substitutes increased proportionately to the number of melanocytes inoculated. The melanocytes localized to the basal epidermis when labeled for MEL‐5. The skin substitutes with 1.1 × 104 melanocytes/cm2 were significantly darker than other groups in vitro by chromameter evaluation. By 12 weeks after grafting, the cultured skin ranged from no pigment in the control group, to 75% pigmented area in the 1.1 × 103 melanocytes/cm2 group, to complete pigmentation in the 1.1 × 104 melanocytes/cm2 group. In vivo, the mean chromameter values were significantly darker for the grafts with 1.1 × 103 and 1.1 × 104 melanocytes/cm2. These results suggest that complete restoration of cutaneous pigmentation can be accomplished by addition of between 0.1 and 1.0 × 104 melanocytes/cm2 to skin substitutes. (WOUND REP REG 2002;10:378–386)


Willan's description was of insufficient moment for his name to be attached to the disorder. True enough, he did not differentiate it from other forms of purpura, but he went rather further than the two short case reports made in his notes by Heberden, later to be published by his son. At least one paper has been written under the name of the "Willan-Schonlein-Henoch Syndrome," which is really too pedantic for most of us.2 The common connotation of "anaphylactoid purpura" is really untenable as purpura is not an essential feature, and the aetiology remains unknown. Until a satisfactory noneponymous name can be coined for the condition, the use of "Willan's Disease" might be acceptable, and could not be confused with anything else. It would certainly be easier to write, and in addition to Dr. Copeman's patriotic motives, which I support wholeheartedly, it would bring some historical accuracy to bear on the matter.I am, etc., M. G. PHILPOTT Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, Yorks 1 Gairdner, D., Quarterly Yournal of Medicine, 1948, 17, 95. 2 Rook, A., Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1958, 33, 271.


Damping system for a camera shutter (10), comprising: a) to oscillate a drive arm (24) which is mounted so on an arcuate path; b) a lock, whose mutually opposite ends (46, 48) are arranged so as to stop the swinging motion of the drive arm (24) at each end of the arcuate path; c) shaped buffer (36A, 36B) at each of the ends opposite (46, 48) of the lock, wherein the buffer (36A, 36B) are composed of polyethylene with ultra high molecular weight, and d) a damper (68A, 68B) (in the drive arm 24) which can be brought into engagement with each of the formed buffer (36A, 36B), said damper (68A, 68B) is made of polyurethane.


The use of high-quality speech signals has led to considerable breakthroughs in Parkinson's Disease (PD) in the last decade. These include accurate differentiation of PD versus Healthy Controls (HC) and monitoring longitudinal PD symptom severity. We recently concluded the Parkinson's Voice Initiative (PVI) study collecting data from a very large cohort under non-controlled acoustic conditions. We acoustically characterized 11,942 recordings from 6531 US-based participants using 307 dysphonia measures. We selected a robust subset of 30 dysphonia measures using Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization (GSO). We projected the data onto a two-dimensional representation using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding to facilitate visual exploration, and used hierarchical clustering to understand data homogeneity. We demonstrate that there is considerable overlap in the projected feature space between PD and HC, making the binary classification task particularly challenging. The data was grouped into nine clusters using hierarchical clustering which was in broad agreement with the projected two-dimensional representation. These results provide some new insights into understanding the new challenges posed in the PVI project where acoustic recordings conditions were not controlled.


For a number of years it has been the practice in most laboratories to determine the vitamin A content of food materials by feeding a purified vitamin-free basal ration to growing rats and supplementing this ration with wheat embryo or yeast preparations and weighed or measured quantities of the food to be investigated. The basal ration used in this laboratory consists, in parts per 100, of casein 18, agar 2, salt mixture 3, and dextrin 77. Yeast pellets, weighing 0.5 gm. (made by pressing Fleischmann's special dried yeast in a pill press) are fed daily to insure an adequate supply of vitamin B and iodine is furnished in the drinking water. In all but our very recent work the casein was prepared by precipating skim milk according to the Zoller method (I). The washings, with acidified water (pH 4.8), never numbered less than 12 and between washings the casein was pressed as free of water as possible in a cheese press. The water washings were followed by five or six alcohol washings, allowing each batch to remain in contact with alcohol for from 3 to 12 hours. This treatment served to extract any traces of vitamin B remaining in the casein and, incidentally, removed sufficient water to prevent spoilage of the casein on standing.


To use meta‐analytic techniques to quantitatively evaluate the efficacy of orlistat and lorcaserin in the treatment of people who are overweight and obese.


Aim:  To assess the survival of bacteria during two alternative means of cattle carcase disposal in windrows: static pile composting (SPC) and above ground burial in soil (AGB), under temperate climate conditions on agricultural land, compared to surface disposal as the control method.


A novel short-cavity-based narrow linewidth random fiber laser (RFL) is proposed. The random distributed feedback mechanism of RFL is assumed by a set of arbitrarily distributed weak reflection fiber Bragg grating arrays (FBGs). A π-phase-shifted FBG with a narrow transmission window is used in the RFL to further limit the number of random subcavity modes and suppress the output linewidth. High gain erbium-doped fibers and half-open cavity designs are used to maintain low lasing thresholds. A stable single-mode lasing operation with 3-dB linewidth of 211 Hz and 58 dB sidemode-suppression-ratio is established.


Carbon nanotubes/graphene composites are grown on nickel foil without additional catalysts by chemical vapor deposition. Next, to improve the anchoring and uniform dispersing of Co(OH) 2 onto carbon nanotubes/graphene composites, the carbon nanotube/graphene composites are modi fi ed by radio frequency nitrogen-plasma. Then porous Co(OH) 2 thin fi lms are galvanostatically electrodeposited onto N-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/graphene composites at di ff erent currents and time periods. Finally, the porous Co(OH) 2 is transformed into porous Co 3 O 4 by annealing. The charge speci fi c capacity (1290mAhg − 1 ) reaches a maximum at the galvanostatic electrodeposition condition (current = 1.5mA and time = 300s) for the coin cell. Furthermore, Co 3 O 4 /N-doped CNTs/graphene possesses higher charge (discharge) speci fi c capacity and better electrochemical stability in comparison to Co 3 O 4 / CNTs/graphene for the coin cell (full cell: i.e. lithium-ion battery).


The utility model discloses an automobile seat storage device. The storage device comprises a storage box and an installation rail which is arranged on the back of a seat and used for connecting the storage box, the storage box includes a top edge and a bottom edge which are in a rigid structure, waterproof side walls are arranged between the top edge and the bottom edge, a waterproof box bottom is arranged in the bottom edge, the side walls and the box bottom are connected in an integrated or sealing mode, and the interior of the top edge serves as a box opening of the storage box and is used for extracting or placing objects. The waterproof side walls and the box bottom form a box body, the top edge and the bottom edge which are in the rigid structure form a frame of the box body, so that the storage box can be used for storing objects which are dripped and unpressurized, environment in an automobile is kept clean, and objects are prevent from deforming; the storage box can slide and rotate along a first sliding groove, the side walls are in a soft structure, when the storage box is vacant, the storage box is convenient to fold, and occupied space is reduced; and the storage box can slide out of the top portion of the slide groove, the storage box is separated from the seat, and pouring of residual liquids in the storage box and cleaning of the storage box are convenient.


We present spatially resolved Hα properties of 21 type 1 AGN host galaxies at z∼2 derived from the SUPER survey. These targets were observed with the adaptive optics capabilities of the SINFONI spectrograph, a near-infrared integral field spectrograph, that provided a median spatial resolution of 0.3″  (∼2 kpc). We model the Hα emission line profile in each pixel to investigate whether it traces gas in the narrow line region or if it is associated with star formation. To do this, we first investigate the presence of resolved Hα emission by removing the contribution of the AGN PSF. We find extended Hα emission in sixteen out of the 21 type 1 AGN host galaxies (76%). Based on the BPT diagnostics, optical line flux ratios and the line widths (FWHM), we show that the Hα emission in five galaxies is ionised by the AGN (30%), in four galaxies by star formation (25%) and for the rest (45%), the ionisation source is unconstrained. Two galaxies show extended Hα FWHM >600 km/s, which is interpreted as a part of an AGN-driven outflow. Morphological and kinematic maps of Hα emission in targets with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio suggest the presence of rotationally supported disks in six galaxies and possible presence of companions in four galaxies. In two galaxies, we find an anti-correlation between the locations of extended Hα emission and [O iii]-based ionised outflows, indicating possible negative feedback at play. However, in the majority of galaxies, we do not find evidence of outflows impacting Hα based star formation.


For the optimization analysis of pavement maintenance programs, combinatorial optimization is a pervasive problem. Genetic algorithms (GAs) are widely used to solve combinatorial optimization problems in pavement maintenance programs. However, owing to the stochastic search mechanisms underlying GAs, they are more likely to produce a relatively unsatisfactory solution due to premature convergence. Hence, a binary cuckoo search (BCS) algorithm was implemented to solve the optimization problem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a BCS algorithm has been applied to pavement maintenance management system. Three hypothetical cases are used to investigate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the BCS algorithm, in which uncertainty-based performance degradation is considered. The results of a comparison between GA and BCS clearly justify the advantages of the search paths underlying the BCS in alleviating premature convergence. Therefore, the BCS algorithm can help decision makers to make more appropriate trade-off decisions for pavement maintenance programs.


The present invention relates to a tail-gas purification processing device, which belongs to the environmental protection and drainage reduction technical field, and comprises a tail-gas buffering tank (1), two-level or more tail-gas alkaline absorption tanks (2, 3) and a waste-water cycling pool (4); a ceramic pump (6) is arranged at the side of the cycling pool (4); the inlet of the ceramic pump is connected with the bottom end of the waste-water cycling pool (4); the discharging port of the ceramic pump (6) is communicated with a spraying nozzle of a quartz vacuum injection pump (12) through a pipeline; waste gas flows by the guiding port of the quartz vacuum injection pump (12) and is introduced into the waste-water cycling pool by the sub-pressure that is generated by injection the waste water through a guiding pipe (18). The tail-gas purification processing device has compact structure, simple structure, low cost and easy operation. Through the alternation of the level of the tail-gas alkaline absorption tank, the waste gas that is produced by different chemical operation units can be absorbed and processed.


The benzene is an important volatile hydrocarbon, which is the present environmental problem. Benzene is considered toxic and carcinogenic.[1] It is accepted that many occupations are at risk to get high benzene exposure and take risk for cancer development.[1] Of several occupations, gas station attendant is the group with an extremely high risk.[2] The precancerous chromosomal damage risk of these workers is significantly higher than controls.[3] To manage the problem, it is recommended that closed monitoring of the risk workers is needed. Of several techniques, the use of standard urine biomarker, trans, trans‐muconic acid is acceptable.[4] In addition to this, the legal implementation of standards for control of air quality is needed. In Thailand, the problem of benzene can also be seen. The declaration of standards for control of air quality was proposed by Thai National Environment Board in 2006. According to the standard, the benzene is controlled to be below 1.7 μg/m3. Here, the author discusses on the experience from Thailand on following up a group of gas station attendants in Pathumwan District Bangkok in a 10‐year period, 5 years before[5] and 5 year after[3] implementation of the standard for control of air quality. In 2001 and 2011, the ratio of urine biomarker average level between gas station attendants and controls are equal to 33.3 and 2.3, respectively. Based on this observation, it can imply that the ratio decreased 14.4 times within 10 years, under the condition of the standards for control of air quality. Based on the observation on the risk for chromosomal damage that doubled the urine biomarker corresponding to 1.3 times, increased the risk of precancerous chromosomal damage risk. The estimated decreased precancerous damage risk is equal to 18.72 times after implementation of the standards. This observation can guarantee that the legal method for control of benzene in atmosphere is a good mean to reduce the risk of cancer among the workers. Viroj Wiwanitkit1,2,3,4 1Visiting Professor, Hainan Medical University, China, 2Adjunct Professor, Joseph Ayobabalola University, Nigeria, 3Visiting Professor, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Serbia, 4Professor, Senior Expert, Surinrajabhat University, Surin, Thailand


Power systems rely greatly on ancillary services in maintaining operation security. As one of the most important ancillary services, spinning reserve must be provided effectively in the deregulated market environment. This paper focuses on the design of an integrated market for both electricity and spinning reserve service with particular emphasis on coordinated dispatch of bulk power and spinning reserve services. A new market dispatching mechanism has been developed to minimize the ISO's total payment while ensuring system security. Genetic algorithms are used in the finding of the global optimal solutions for this dispatching problem. Case studies and corresponding analyses have been carried out to demonstrate and discuss the efficiency and usefulness of the proposed market.


In this paper,a type of intelligent flow measurement system is studied,which can improve the measuring accuracy of gas flow by using the throttling devices.This paper analyses the principles of the throttling devices and the influence of the flow calculations caused by changing of process parameters.Furthermore,the practical flow calculations compensation technology for the parameters is discussed.This article introduces the iterative algorithm which is used for the online calculation flow of the throttling devices,and also proposed the differential pressure signal acquisition and data transmission technology.Based on the fieldbus and industrial communication technology.Moreover,the composition of intelligent flow metering system is discussed.Lastly,the flow calculation error is reduced,which is caused by the deviation from design state of the throttling device.The accuracy of the flow measurement is improved.


Approximately one-quarter (256 objects) of the Large Bright Quasar Survey (LBQS) has been observed with the VLA at 8.4 GHz, resulting in 44 detections (17%) with a median 3 sigma noise limit of 0.29 mJy. Quasars with radio luminosity detectable at this limit are underrepresented at faint absolute blue magnitudes (M(sub B) greater than or equal to -24), an effect which cannot be explained by a potential LBQS selection bias against quasars which have large radio luminosities and small optical luminosities. The radio-loud (8 GHz luminosity greater than 10(exp 25) W/Hz) fraction is observed to change as a function of redshift and M(sub B), for M(sub B) less than -24, although the causal variable is ambiguous. The description most consistent with the available data is that radio-loud fraction is approximately constant over the range -27.5 less than or equal to M(sub B) less than or equal to -24 and increases at brighter absolute magnitudes. The radio-loud fraction as a function of redshift reaches a local maximum at z approximately equal to 1, and, aside from the effects of icreased radio-loud fraction at bright M(sub B), remains roughly constant to redshifts approaching 5. The log R(sub 8.4) distribution (radio-to-optical luminosity ratio) of the current LBQS sample may be bimodal, but the results of statistical tests are ambiguous, requiring a larger sample size to become definite.


We devise a framework using tools from stochastic geometry and queuing theory for the study of irregular cellular networks when user traffic varies randomly in time and space. We consider a typical wireless cell with a guard zone surrounded by an interference environment comprised of a dominant node at the guard-edge plus an outer-bound Poisson field of sources. A systematic approach is presented to characterize the flow rate in the presence of elastic data traffic with closed-form expressions of the intended signal power and bounded aggregate interference statistics over Nakagami-m fading channels accordingly derived. We then formulate and solve an optimization problem for the computation of the traffic capacity defined as the maximum elastic data flow intensity for which the system remains unsaturated.


Under the situation of the development of the western regions, the information of humanities, geography etc. of the western region suffers the concern of the people and the world more and more. The Kashgar's region library is western region the culture information center of the side area, adopt every kind of positive way of doing, it should change the present condition that fall bebind, then the form that radiates pashes the native area the economy, culture with the development of the education cause.


ABSTRACT In this article, we proposed a new class of light beam which arose from the combination of the symmetric Airy beams and vortex or vector beams. We called them symmetric Airy vortex beam and symmetric Airy vector beam. In our experiments, we combined vortex phase and symmetric spatially cubic phase to fabricate liquid crystal q-symmetric-Airy plate. It can directly generate the symmetric Airy vortex or symmetric Airy vector beams by controlling the polarisation of incident Gaussian beam. This work may provide a versatile candidate for many potential optical applications in the areas of optical micromanipulation, optical communication and paves the way for the future researches of symmetric Airy vortex and symmetric Airy vector beams. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The invention discloses a trastuzumab drug-resistant human breast cancer cell line BT-474/HR. The human breast cancer cell line has the collection number of CCTCC NO:C2014245 in China Center for Type Culture Collection, and the collection date of the human breast cancer cell line is 14, January in 2015. The invention also discloses a method for constructing the trastuzumab drug-resistant human breast cancer cell line BT-474/HR. The method comprises the following step of preparing a human breast cancer cell line BT-474/HR with excellent in-vitro and in-vivo trastuzumab drug resistance by utilizing a human breast cancer cell line BT-474 and combining two means of in-vitro induction and in-vivo induction of trastuzumab. According to the cell line, the HER2 overexpression characteristics of a parental cell line are remained, and the cell line has excellent in-vitro and in-vivo drug resistance on an HER2 targeted antibody drug. Therefore, the human breast cancer cell line can be directly applied to development and research of novel anti-tumor treatment drugs.


One of the first steps in the analysis of adherent cells on a flow cytometer is their detachment from the substrate and obtaining a cell suspension, however this procedure can affect the composition and integrity of the molecules expressed on the cell surface. To avoid this, we decided to examine the effect of trypsin and EDTA solutions on the expression of certain proteins, given the incubation time. Proteins whose levels were monitored are the molecules MHC I, m04 and CD80, the expression of which is influenced by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) to avoid recognition by immune system cells, and their regulation and expression is the subject of intensive research at the Center for Proteomics. Levels of these molecules were studied on MEF, B12, DC 2.4, and Raw264.7 cells with and without MCMV infection. The results obtained by flow cytometer analysis showed that the expression of MHC I and m04 was significantly reduced only on infected RAW264.7 cells after treatment with EDTA solution for 10 minutes, and CD80 levels on uninfected and infected DC2.4 cells after treatment with trypsin solution for 10 minutes. The obtained results indicate that it is important to stop the action of trypsin and EDTA solutions on time in order to obtain accurate and reliable results in future experiments. In addition, the level of these molecules on the cells was compared and a higher level of MHC I and m04 was shown on RAW264.7 and DC 2.4 cells, which indicates that the expression of virus altered MHC I on their surface is probably higher than on MEF and B12 cells. What effect this phenomenon has on the immune system remains to be investigated.


The invention discloses a method for the long-term preservation of Hirsutella sinensis. The method comprises the steps of: separating a mycelia from Cordyceps sinensis, and then culturing the mycelia on a PDA slant, then inoculating the mycelia cultured on slant onto PDA plates, culturing at 18 DEG C for 30 days. Cutting into agar blocks with mycelia by using a scalpel, transferring the agar blocks to sterile 10-20% glycerol cryovials, sealing the cryovials with a sealing film, and storing in a refrigerator with temperature of -70 DEG C. The problems of the variation of the strain and the contamination rate due to the multiple times of inoculation are reduced by the method disclosed by the invention.


Singularly perturbed delay differential equations arising from the regularization of state-dependent neutral delay equations are considered. Asymptotic expansions of their solutions are constructed and their limit for $\varepsilon\to 0^+$ is studied. Due to discontinuities in the derivative of the solution of the neutral delay equation and the presence of different time scales when crossing breaking points, new difficulties have to be managed. A two-dimensional dynamical system is presented which characterizes whether classical or weak solutions are approximated by the regularized problem. A new type of expansion (in powers of $\sqrt\varepsilon$) turns out to be necessary for the study of the transition from weak to classical solutions. The techniques of this article can also be applied to the study of general singularly perturbed delay equations.


The definition of crime is culturally subjective. So is society's response to persons who commit crimes.1 Crime is an act that is believed to be socially harmful by a group that has power to enforce its beliefs and that provides nega tive sanctions to be applied to persons who commit these acts.2 Although crime, like pornography, may be in the eye of the beholder, subjective perceptions about crime are closer to universality and retain a more temporal stability than do definitions of obscenity and pornography. At least this generalization applies to serious crime and the meaning of seri ousness. Acts that are defined in American culture as crimes which contain no


When exposed to pings from a Dukane Netcom 1000 net alarm, bottlenose dolphins responded with avoidance and aggression. These species‐typical behaviors were tested as a tool for measuring the threshold for aversion. Two bottlenose dolphins were exposed to pings with varying signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs of 5–70 dB) in randomized order. Trials were terminated when the dolphins exhibited any agonistic behavior. Sixty‐nine animal trials were terminated by the avoidance or aggressive approach. Seventy‐seven trials were terminated by fluke‐slapping, for which latency could be measured precisely. At SNR of 10 dB or below, the dolphin did not fluke‐slap. Above 10 dB SNR, the probability of response increased and latency to slap decreased rapidly. The shape of the latency‐SNR curve was similar to equal latency curves measured in audiometric studies using operant conditioning, suggesting that control over pings was intrinsically rewarding. Cessation of pings may have been the reward, but because the dolphin chose to terminate stimuli at levels just above the limit of detection, another possibility should be considered: control over the stimulus could reinforce itself. If so, conditioning experiments could be designed for audiometric research on wild cetaceans [Work supported by NMML and SeaWorld San Diego; NMFS Permit 1016.]


Presentation of equilibrium charts (P NH3 /NH 3 in solution and P H2S /H 2 S in solution), for higher temperature than those used for scrubbers, to help in the design of a stripper to remove NH 3 and H 2 S from sour waters


Based on the longitudinal variation series in various properties of beach sediments and topographic profiles along the southern coast of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, the prevailing direction and mechanism of littoral drift are discussed.


Intelligent building changes the method of design. Only the value of architecture design in intelligent building environment must be taken into account, the total target should be attached with the development of technology. This article discusses the space scheme and layout of intelligent building on the basis of the analysis of framework type and effect of mode change.


OBJECTIVE
To predict the morbidity of sagittal suturectomy using preoperative computer tomographic measurement of frontal and parietal bone thickness in osteotomy sites.

DESIGN
Retrospective analysis.

SETTING
Tertiary children's hospital.

PATIENTS
Fifty infants with nonsyndromic, isolated sagittal craniosynostosis who underwent extended sagittal suturectomy from 2015-2022.

METHODS
Mean thickness of the frontal and parietal bone in regions of osteotomies were determined for each patient from preoperative CT images obtained within 30 days prior to suturectomy. The relationship between bone thickness (mm) and estimated blood loss (mL) was evaluated using Spearman's correlation and a multivariable model that adjusted for patient weight and surgery duration. The association between bone thickness and perioperative blood transfusion was evaluated using a multivariable logistic model controlling for patient weight and surgery duration.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Estimated blood loss, perioperative blood transfusion.

RESULTS
Frontal and parietal bone thickness in the region of osteotomies were positively correlated with estimated blood loss (p < 0.01). After adjusting for patient weight and duration of operation, both parietal and frontal bone thickness were associated with intraoperative blood loss (R2 = 0.292, p = 0.002 and R2 = 0.216, p = 0.026). Thicker frontal and parietal bone in the line of osteotomies resulted in significantly higher odds of blood transfusion. Bone thickness in the line of parietal osteotomies was 76% accurate at identifying patients who would require blood transfusion (p = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONS
Frontal and parietal bone thickness in the line of osteotomies is associated with blood loss and perioperative blood transfusion for sagittal suturectomy operations.


We consider a <italic>shadow routing</italic> based approach to the problem of real-time adaptive placement of virtual machines (VM) in large data centers (DC) within a network cloud. Such placement in particular has to respect <italic>vector packing</italic> constraints on the allocation of VMs to host physical machines (PM) within a DC, because each PM can potentially serve multiple VMs simultaneously. Shadow routing is attractive in that it allows a large variety of system objectives and/or constraints to be treated within a common framework (as long as the underlying optimization problem is convex). Perhaps even more attractive feature is that the corresponding algorithm is very simple to implement, it runs continuously, and adapts automatically to changes in the VM demand rates, changes in system parameters, etc., without the need to re-solve the underlying optimization problem "from scratch". In this paper we focus on the <italic>min-max-DC-load</italic> problem. Namely, we propose a combined VM-to-DC routing and VM-to-PM assignment algorithm, referred to as <italic>Shadow scheme</italic>, which minimizes the maximum of appropriately defined DC utilizations. We prove that the Shadow scheme is asymptotically optimal (as one of its parameters goes to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0$</tex-math><alternatives> <inline-graphic xlink:href="guo-ieq1-2464795.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>). Simulation confirms good performance and high adaptivity of the algorithm. Favorable performance is also demonstrated in comparison with a baseline algorithm based on VMware implementation <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref7">[7]</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref8">[8]</xref> . We also propose a simplified – "more distributed" – version of the Shadow scheme, which performs almost as well in simulations.


Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women around the world. Various studies have looked into the causes of that cancer in order to find a technique to diagnose it early and treat it effectively. The current study investigated the relationship between the decrease of an antioxidant enzyme among breast cancer patients and the effect of chemotherapy on it. This study investigated the relationship between the reduction of antioxidant enzymes and the effect of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. The survey was conducted on 70 histopathologically diagnosed breast cancer patients (all women) from the Babylon Mirjan Medical City Oncology Centre, with 30 apparently healthy women serving as controls. The current study found differences in some biochemical markers between controls and cases with breast cancer. The Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the control was (64.4023.76) U/ml, while its activity in the case was significantly decreased to reach (9.516.59) U/ml in the first group (1–5 doses) and (9.254.62) U/ml in the second group (6–10), and the GSH concentration in the control was (17.579.09), whereas its activity in the case was significantly reduced to reach (2.070.88) umol/ml in the first group (1–5), (2.341.65).


More than 400 attendees from 24 different countries attended the International Research Conference on Food, Nutrition, and Cancer sponsored by the American Institute for Cancer Research/World Cancer Research Fund International (AICR/WCRF), held July 15–16, 2004, in Washington DC. This was the third annual AICR/WCRF international research conference on this topic. The delegates included 75 international registrants and 74 dietitians. Marilyn Gentry, president of AICR and WCRF, opened the conference. This year's event included plenary sessions, split sessions, and 91 poster presentations that addressed a wide range of topics encompassing different disciplines of ongoing global diet– cancer research. A progress update on the preparation of the second WCRF/AICR Expert Report Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity and the Prevention of Cancer: A Global Perspective was given during the conference luncheon. The evidence linking food, nutrition, and physical activity to the risk of developing cancer will be obtained from 17 systematic literature reviews (SLR) of 20 cancer sites and one literature review of cancer survivors. During 2003, the novel methodology developed for formulating the SLRs was successfully assessed for its feasibility, utility, and reproducibility. Substantive SLRs were started in January 2004. As global obesity continues to reach epidemic proportions and concern grows about the link between obesity and cancer risk, the variables calorie intake and physical activity in the overall energy balance equation are being increasingly studied in cancer prevention research. A major focus of the conference was the current status of different types of research in this area, including both epidemiological studies and mechanistic studies—to the level of genetic interactions. For many years calorie restriction (CR) has been known to retard the aging process in laboratory rodents and to oppose the development of diverse age-associated biological changes and diseases, including several different types of cancer. The keynote address provided an overview of progress in identifying underlying mechanisms of actions of CRs in preventing aging, including ongoing research in nonhuman primates. Even though aging studies in humans are in relative infancy, it is already known that 60% of all newly diagnosed malignant tumors and 70% of all cancer deaths occur in persons aged 65 and older. Human health studies have linked higher calorie intakes to increased risk of developing prostate, breast, gastrointestinal tract, and brain cancer. Future research should disentangle the interrelationships among aging, calorie intake, and human cancer as we focus our interest on the possibility that the health benefits of CR seen in rodents may occur in people. The conference's first plenary session began with a lecture on calorie intake and cancer prevention as investigated by diet–gene interaction studies in genetically engineered mouse models. The use of these models established that pathways dependent on insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 are affected by CR, which may be one of the mechanisms involved in the anticancer effects of CR. Another presentation discussed the results on breast cancer risk factors and breast cancer occurrence drawn from the DOM cohorts among women exposed to the Dutch famine of 1944–1945. Opposing effects were found on the breast cancer risk factors of shortening of leg length, later menarche, and earlier menopause, whereas the risk biomarkers urinary estrogens and plasma IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein-3 were increased, as was breast cancer itself. Discussion of the overall results provided a warning that, in humans, relative short periods of CR can affect breast cancer risk in unexpected and opposing directions, depending on the reproductive developmental stage when exposed. The effects of obesity and increased physical activity on physiological and biological factors that have been associated with breast cancer risk were discussed for preand postmenopausal women in a subsequent presentation in this session. Another speaker addressed the problem of whether preventing weight gain by CR, increased physical activity, or their combination has comparable effects on the risk for breast cancer. These effects may result from changes in energy balance. An afternoon split session covered the current status of 1 Published in a supplement to The Journal of Nutrition. Presented as part of the International Research Conference on Food, Nutrition, and Cancer held in Washington, DC, July 15–16, 2004. This conference was organized by the American Institute for Cancer Research and the World Cancer Research Fund International and sponsored by BASF Aktiengesellschaft; Campbell Soup Company; The Cranberry Institute; Danisco USA Inc.; DSM Nutritional Products, Inc.; Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc.; Kellogg Company; National Fisheries Institute; The Solae Company; and United Soybean Board. An educational grant was provided by The Mushroom Council. Guest editors for this symposium were Helen A. Norman, Vay Liang W. Go, and Ritva R. Butrum. 2 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. 3 Abbreviations used: AICR, American Institute for Cancer Research; CR, calorie restriction; EPIC, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; SLR, systematic literature review; WCRF, World Cancer Research Fund International.


OBJECTIVES
To type mef genes in a nationwide collection of clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes as well as pharyngeal carrier strains of viridans streptococci in Norway.

METHODS
Erythromycin-resistant mef-positive multilocus sequence-typed (MLST) clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae (n = 36) and S. pyogenes (n = 12) from the National Surveillance Program for Antimicrobial Resistance (NORM) as well as viridans streptococci (n = 20) from healthy adults were included. PCR-amplified mef genes were initially discriminated by BamHI digestion. Selected mef genes from representatives of different sequence types (STs) of S. pneumoniae (n = 11) and S. pyogenes (n = 4), and viridans group streptococcal species (n = 8) were typed by sequencing and their strains examined for co-resistances. Hydropathy plots of different mef-encoded proteins were performed.

RESULTS
A predominance of mef(A) was detected in S. pneumoniae (23/36) and S. pyogenes (9/12) due to the clonal spread of ST9 and ST39, respectively. mef(E) was the most widely distributed mef determinant occurring in nine different STs of S. pneumoniae and in four different viridans species. A new mef allele was identified in two STs of S. pyogenes.

CONCLUSIONS
mef(E) is the most widely distributed mef determinant in Norwegian clinical strains of S. pneumoniae and pharyngeal carrier strains of various viridans streptococci. However, mef(A) is more prevalent in S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes due to clonal spread. A new mef allele was found in two different STs of S. pyogenes.


Qiujin was arrested for her participation in revolutionary planning for armed uprising and lost her life. Her magnificent image of revolutionist who laid down her life for the just cause was set up. However,this conclusion was not the common understanding of various social circles toward the Qiujin event at that time.The main voice that occupied the press circle was only that the killing of Qiujin was unjust:people in that times intentionally neglected her experience as a revolutionist and thought Qiujin as a female patriot,her revolutionary meaning had not gone beyond "men and women's equal rights" and "family's revolution",then pointed out that Qiujin was the founder of the family revolution and the heroine with the patriotic spirit when danger and disaster arrived.The Qiujin image coming from the Qiujin's literature,despite of its prejudice,contains profound information of the era.


With the telephone trunk lines in place, the telephone operating companies and CATV corporations are intending to bring fiber optic technology directly to the home using a singlemode bidirectional fiber network. The obvious advantages are the enhanced services that could be provided by the enormous information capacity available using optical fiber.


This contributioii presents the four phases of a project aiming at the realizatioii in VLSI of a digital audio equalizer with a linear phase characteristic. Tlie first step includes the identification of tlie system requirements, based on experience arid (psycho-acoustical) literature. Secondly, the signal processing algorithms coiistitutiiig the global design of tlie equalizer are coinputer siiiiulated. Tlie third step iiicludes tlie realization of tlie equalizcr design using one or more programmable DSP's. In order to niiiiiinize tlie iiiiiiiber of DSP chips necessary for the realization, tliis step reqiiircs tlic optimization of the structure and niappirig of the algoritliin oii tlie resources of tlie DSP. The number of processor cycles is crucial iii this optiniizatioii. The purpose of tlie resulting prototype is to test and to validate in a digital audio erivironrneiit the specificatioii generated iii tlic first step. Tlie programmability of the DSP's allows for specification cliaiiges at this stage of the project. The fourth step is tlie VLSI iiiiplciiiciitatioii of tlie validated algorithm of the previous pliase. For tliis purpose the structure of tlie algorithm is optimized in order to take fill1 advantage of tlie silicoii resources. Speed and required area are tlie crucial parameters in this optiniization. The final step includes tlie testiiig of tlie coiripleted chips together with a parallel designed and realized PCB in a digital audio environment. The presentation will enipliasizc tlie algoritliinic and design considerations together with tlie results.


A review with 10 refs. Catalytic antibodies have created a new dimension in protein chem. In these studies it is particularly valuable to investigate systems for which natural enzymic catalysts are unknown. Several ways of prepg. homochiral building blocks for org. synthesis have been examd. by the authors. Antibodies that catalyze the Diels-Alder reaction have been characterized. The target reaction was the addn. of acetoxybutadiene to N-substituted maleimides, a reaction that should give a pentafunctional homochiral building block. Catalytic antibodies can give insight into the mechanism of catalysis by proteins. An adventitious hydrolytic antibody that cleaves activated esters was investigated. An antibody raised to ampicillin for anal. purposes has also been shown to catalyze hydrolysis of the β-lactam ring.


Background Zinc (Zn) deficiency is one of the most common micronutrient deficiencies worldwide. Accurate estimates of Zn intake would facilitate the design and implementation of effective nutritional interventions. Objective We sought to improve estimates of dietary Zn intake by evaluating staple crop Zn content and dietary Zn consumption by children under the age of 5 in 9 rural districts of Uganda. Methods We measured the Zn content of 581 crop samples from household farms and 167 crop samples from nearby markets, and administered food frequency questionnaires to the primary caretakers of 237 children. We estimated Zn consumption using 3 sources of crop Zn content: (i) the HarvestPlus food composition table (FCT) for Uganda, (ii) measurements from household crops, and (iii) measurements from market crops. Results The Zn content of staple crops varied widely, resulting in significantly different estimates of dietary Zn intake. 41% of children appeared to be at risk when estimates were based on market-sampled crops, 23% appeared at risk when estimates were based on the HarvestPlus FCT, and 16% appeared at risk when estimates were based on samples from household farms. Conclusion The use of FCTs to calculate Zn intake overestimated the risk of dietary inadequacy for children who primarily consumed staple crops that were produced on household farms, but underestimated the risk for children who primarily consumed staple crops that were purchased at market. More information on the Zn content of staple crops in developing countries could lead to more accurate estimates of dietary intake and associated deficiencies.


As a new type of all-metal slow-wave structures for millimeter wave TWTs, the helical groove circuits has some peculiarities: good thermal conductivity, large size and moderate bandwidth. Moreover, the half-circular helical groove structure has a wider bandwidth than the rectangular one. In this paper, using an approximate and much simpler field-matching method, the general expressions of the dispersion characteristic and the coupling impedance are obtained, in which the fast-wave and the slow-wave are simultaneously taken into account. The results of numerical calculation of the dispersion equation show that the dispersion curve is agreement with the one given by Bunch et al. (1987).


Objective To analyze the resistant status of clinically isolated bacteria and provide scientific basis for guidance of clinical treatment in Guangzhou City. Methods Retrospective survey was made on the isolation of bacteria from clinical samples in the Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College from January 2003 to January 2005 and the results of drug sensitivity tests were analyzed. Results Among the 1 719 pathogenic bacteria isolated 563 strains were gram-positive bacteria with a positive rate of 32.8% and 1 156 strains were gram-negative bacteria accounted for 67.2%. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominated strains of gram positive bacterium and hemolytic streptococcus;while Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were predominated. A lot of strains of gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria were strongly resistant to cephalosporin.Gram positive and gram negative bacteria were most sensitive to vancomycin and imipenem, respectively. Conclusion The resistance of local bacteria to antibiotics are serious and drug sensitivity tests be conducted to guide clinical use of drugs and delay the development of drug resistance.


The murder of 'Uthmân was an important turning-point in Islamic history, and the story of how opposition in the provinces, particularly Egypt, combined with opposition at Medina itself and brought about the Caliph's death has been repeated many times. Accounts in sources such as al-Tabarî's History and al-Balâdhurîs Ansâb al-ashrâf bring together much transmitted detail concerning this dénouement. Caetani's monumental Annali dell'Islam serves as an extensive compilation of such detail, and Wellhausen, Levi Delia Vida, Gibb, Veccia Vaglieri and Petersen are only some of the other modern scholars who have commented on the event. Perhaps Professor Gibb best expresses the current view of the background to it in his thought-provoking article entitled 'An interpretation of Islamic history', where he sees in the caliphate of 'Uthmân a conflict between two main parties, the Meccans and the 'tribesmen'. He points out that the Meccan merchants had been swift to seize the opportunities of wealth which arose in the immediate post-conquest phase, and goes on to say that in the course of 'Uthman's caliphate there arose at Medina 'growing resentment at the rapid affirmation of Meccan political control… and the economic exploitation of the empire. Open discontent was first expressed by several religious personalities, whose conscience was shocked by the worldliness and grasping materialism displayed in the name of Islam. But these only provided a rallying-cry and a cloak for the material grievances of the tribesmen and Medinians, who swung into line behind them.' Gibb therefore sees a total of four alignments, of which the Meccans and the tribesmen were the main parties, while the Medinans and the so-called religious party were secondary in importance.


Dam-break flows of water-granular mixtures such as landslides, debris flows and tailings-dam break flows, are often catastrophic events. These types of flows can cause loss of life, property damage and environmental problems. Understanding the dynamic behavior of these types of flows and developing reliable predictive mathematical and numerical models for solving real-life problems are therefore necessary. In this study, dam-break flows of water-granular mixtures are investigated numerically by taking into account the presence of porous flow in the deforming granular mass. The numerical model is solved by coupling two solvers in the open source finitevolume platform OpenFOAM. The interFoam solver simulates the movement of a water-granular mixture by solving the Navier-Stokes equations. The free surface is captured using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. Shear stresses due to inter-particle contacts in the mixture are modeled by making use of a pressure-dependent, effective shear viscosity. This effective viscosity is calculated by using the instantaneous pore water pressure field provided by the porousInterFoam solver. The porousInterFoam solver is a modified version of interFoam to simulate porous flow in the granular matrix by including a sink term in the momentum equation to account for the pressure drop when porous medium is present in the domain. The coupled model is validated against laboratory experiments of dam-break flows of water-granular mixtures conducted in the dambreak facility of NCCHE at the USDA-ARS National Sedimentation Laboratory in Oxford, Mississippi.


Lecture delivered on July 9th, 2009, on the occasion of ISNA at Kolkata * Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007 # E-mail : email@example.com Nutritional studies on humans and animals have long back established the role of vitamins and mineral elements in health1. For many phylogenic groups these are essential i.e. they have to be supplied in the diet as, such organisms like humans have lost the ability to biosynthesize these dietary components. While a lot of biochemical work has been done on the dietary carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism in generating, storing and utilizing energy for living processes2, the metabolic link between the biochemical reaction in which the vitamin takes part and the disease precipitated in their absence is not clearly understood. This is true for many genetic disorders also where establishing cause and effect metabolic link between gene defect and a phenotype like mental disorder is proving to be difficult. Reproduction in higher animals is a complex physiological process resulting in progeny generation3. Vitamins like vitamin E (alpha tocopherol) are essential for successful reproduction in many higher animals4. Other vitamins like ascorbic acid, riboflavin, niacin and thiamine directly or indirectly are required for reproductive success. In oviparous animals, these vitamins are supplied by the female adult through the egg yolk to the new generation during development5. But during the adult stage, they have to be obtained through diet. Reproductive hormones of pituitary and gonadal origin regulate many reproductive physiological processes6,7. One of the known actions of the pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) is to cause depletion of the ovarian ascorbic acid content and this in effect forms the basis of a reliable bioassay for this hormone7. What is not known clearly is the mechanism by which this depletion is brought about. In animals like rats and mice, it could be envisaged that LH must be affecting, either the biosynthesis or catabolism or both, of ascorbic acid in the ovary. The famous 'Parlow rat' is the experimental model to demonstrate this bioassay. Briefly 25-26 day old immature rats of Holtzman or any other strain are administered Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin (PMSG) and human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) in sequence to accelerate ovarian follicular growth (hyperplasia and hypertrophy) and induce super ovulation (Fig 1).


In this study, the impact of pancreatic cancer cell interaction with macrophages on the differentiation and function of macrophages and the behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro is evaluated. The expression of immunocompetent cell‐associated markers in 22 pancreatic cancer specimens was characterized by immunohistochemistry. The impact of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC‐1 and BxPC‐3) on the differentiation and migration of human U937 monocytes and the effect of U937‐derived macrophages on the proliferation and invasion of PANC‐1 and BxPC‐3 were determined by transwell assays. The potential effect on U937‐derived macrophages or on the behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells following coculture in a transwell system was analyzed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The high levels of macrophage‐related CD68 and CD163 expression were detected in the pancreatic cancer specimens. Pancreatic cancer cells promoted the differentiation of U937 cells and migration of U937‐derived macrophages, but decreased the mRNA transcripts of macrophage polarization‐related genes of interleukin (IL)‐10, IL‐12p40, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and CD163, particularly for iNOS. Furthermore, U937‐derived M2 macrophages inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, but promoted their invasion. Coculture of pancreatic cancer cells with U937‐derived macrophages upregulated the mRNA expression of genes associated with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process, angiogenesis, and stemness of pancreatic cancer, but downregulated the expression of E‐cadherin in pancreatic cancer cells. The interaction between pancreatic cancer cells and tumor‐associated macrophages may play a pivotal role in the progression of pancreatic cancer. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(12):835–846, 2014


Two new species of Tylenchus are described from, India. T. rohtangus sp. n. is characterized in having longer body, equitorial medium oesophageal bulb, simple tubular rectum and pointed tail terminus. T. hayati sp. n. is distinguished in having anteriorly located vulva, differently shaped head. T. aruatus Siddiqi, 1963 from Simla is also described hereunder.


Following the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus in the U.S. in early 2020, the Census Bureau was forced to adopt a number of measures to revise data collection for surveys, including for the Consumer Expenditure (CE) Diary Survey. Normal diary collection involved respondents handing over diaries with two weeks of their expenditures to the interviewer. Given quarantine and other pandemic measures, starting around March 19, 2020, the Census Bureau suspended personal visits, and interviewers instead began calling to recruit respondents and verbally collect expenditures (twice over the two-week period) with the aid of receipts and a diary form sent by mail or email. In a second period, starting in June 2020, interviewers started to provide URLs to English-speaking respondents who access the internet at least a few times a week to enable them to enter expenditures in an online diary. For those without internet or who preferred not to use an online diary, interviewers used phone transcription to record expenditures. This report documents how the pandemic and these revised data collection procedures affected spending behavior, diary reporting, and data quality in the first half of 2020.


CORRESPONDENCEVaccination of Australian Schoolchildren In the Absence of Smallpox .• . . . . 461 Litigation and Accident Neurosis .. . . . . . . 461 A Significant Elevation of Plasma Magnesium Levels In Schizophrenia and Depressive States 461 The Fluids of the Eye 462 Diagnostic Cytology ., . . . . . . . . . . .. 462 Back Injuries and the Status of the Intervertebral Disc . .. .. .. 462 Colostomy Association 462 Basic Education for Medical Students 462 A Warning . . . . . . . . 463 A Common Spelling Error 463


As distinguished from main highways, barangay roads are minor roads that are outside the town proper or urban areas. Minor roads within town proper are called municipal roads or city roads as the case maybe. Construction and maintenance of barangay roads are undertaken by the field offices of the Ministry of Public Highways in coordination with local officials, particularly the village leader or barangay chairman as they are called. Construction and improvement projects are selected by the various chairmen of the barangay. As there are not enough funds to finance all submitted projects, the different projects are screened by committees in three levels - municipal, provincial and national. All barangay roads when accepted must be inventoried by the barangay chairman and verified by barangay engineers in order that funds maybe appropriated for their maintenance (a).


The supernova SN 1987A has been observed in the range of hard X-rays (15-180 keV) and high-energy gamma -rays (50-500 MeV) with a payload launched from the balloon facility of Alice Springs (Australia) during April 1987 and 1988. The low-energy detector based on a MWPC had a sensitive area of 500 cm/sup 2/. In the second flight a complete plastic shield was added for the first time to the multiwire proportional counter (MWPC). By switching on the active shield, the background counting rate dropped from 4.2 to 2.8*10/sup -4/ counts/cm/sup 2/-s-keV with no change in the deadtime of the counter. It is concluded that the use of a multitechnique rejection system for this kind of gaseous detector is advantageous. >


who screened negative actually had GABHS. The confusion lies in that "false-negative rates" can refer to one of two distinct proportions. The number of patients who actually had GABHS and screened negative are known as the false negatives/ which can be expressed as the proportion of all of the individuals who had negative tests (the value reported by Joslyn, et a1.) or as a proportion of all of the individuals who actually had the disease. Also the authors should have reported confidence intervals around relevant results, such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the screening test.) For example, using the binomial distribution l with a sample size of 22 and a probability of 0.95, the 95 percent confidence interval around the sensitivity would extend from 77 percent to 100 percent. Thus, these results could be completely consistent with a true sensitivity of 77 percent for their rapid screening test, a value similar to the lower sensitivities reported in previous studies noted by the authors. Finally, the authors claim that "relatively low prevalence . . . would make case detection more difficult" and that because of low prevalence, estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value "would be conservative estimates of actual values." Unless there is some characteristic of the disease that varies with prevalence and makes an individual more or less likely to have a positive test result, sensitivity (case detection) does not change. Positive and negative predictive values of a test do change with prevalence, but in opposite directions. Hence, given greater prevalence of GABHS in the population, positive predictive value of the test would be expected to rise, and negative predictive value to fall.4 In summary, Joslyn, et a1. report useful information that does have clinical application but requires appropriate epidemiologic interpretation.


A dual-band bandpass filter is presented. The filter is composed of generalized negative-refractive-index transmission-lines (NRI-TL) realized in microstrip. The filtering mechanism relies on all four of the generalized NRI-TLs' left-handed and right-handed passbands. Under the closed stopband condition, two passbands are achieved. A complete design procedure is described. A fabricated example measures 0.25lambdao0.25lambdao, where omegao is the wavelength of the center frequency of the stopband. Maximum insertion loss in the passbands (centered around 4 GHz) is measured at 1.5 dB.


Affect recognition transition from laboratory-controlled to challenging in the wild conditions is an intense area of research, with a potentially long list of important application. Audio-visual modalities are significant contributors that provide rich contextual information from real world challenging corpora. These modalities can be explored for better discrimination of real world human emotions that are complex and compound. A comprehensive literature survey is carried out to identify the most relevant big databases and the way features are extracted and fused from visual and auditory data. The main focus is on recent state of Art research work using real-world corpora and the work comparing designed framework on controlled as well as in the wild data.


Polymorphic Hf x Zr(1−x)O2 thin films have been widely used as dielectric layers in the semiconductor industry for their high-k, ferroelectric, and antiferroelectric properties in the metastable non-monoclinic phases. To maximize the non-monoclinic components, we optimize the composition depth profile of 20 nm PVD Hf x Zr(1−x)O2 through closed-loop experiments by using parallel Bayesian optimization (BO) with the advanced noisy expected improvement acquisition function. Within 40 data points, the ratio of non-monoclinic phases is improved from ∼30% in pure 20 nm HfO2 and ZrO2 to nearly 100%. The optimal sample has a 5 nm Hf0.06Zr0.94O2 capping layer over 15 nm Hf0.91Zr0.09O2. The composition and thickness effect of the capping layer has been spontaneously explored by BO. We prove that machine-learning-guided fine-tuning of composition depth profile has the potential to improve film performance beyond uniform or laminated pure crystals and lead to the discovery of novel phenomena.


Japanese firms which long ago realized the importance of product quality have, over the last decade, been focusing on the broader issue of management quality as a way of increasing market share and profits. Management quality has traditionally been difficult to judge, and systematic ways of improving it difficult to implement. To overcome this dilemma, Yahagi Consultants Inc., in Tokyo, has come up with an approach called total integrated management (TIM). It consists of a comprehensive checklist, but no systematic implementation processes have been suggested. Aims to investigate the link between TIM and business process redesign and identify whether the latter methodology can be applied to implement TIM effectively.


IN the normal human being, vagal impulses are thought to affect the heart in the following ways: by decreasing the rate of production of impulses by the sinoatrial node, by prolonging the atrioventricular conduction time and by diminishing the force of atrial and ventricular contraction. In the first instance, slowing of impulse production by the sinoatrial node is ultimately due to afferent stimuli from the aortic arch, the carotid sinus and the great veins of the atria. Numerous other sites have been thought to initiate afferent impulses that cause cardiac slowing. These afferent stimuli, from whatever source, converge on the . . .


It seems as if cattle production and conservation of forests landscapes are antagonists, however, this case study in the humid Chaco highlights benefits provided by forests and wetlands associated with semi intensive cattle ranching activities in native grasslands, allowing native ecosystems conservation and economic-viable production at the same time. A financial balance is presented for a cattle establishment in an initial phase, as well as future projections. Afterwards, different environmental services are reported in the same site, using an ecosystem services approach, showing that the provision of this environmental services and economically viable cattle ranching could be possible without deforestation, which is a frequent pathway to productive intensification in the region. The idea that forests are needed to be cleared for plantation of grasses is confronted by a financial balance and listing direct economic benefits to livestock production derived from managing and conserving these forests. During the four year study, ecosystem services are assessed, while also simultaneously keeping a record of financial balance and investments that allows for an on-the-ground discussion of the offset between productivity, conservation and restoration of native ecosystems. Challenges to productive systems, mostly derived from market pressures are emphasized. Solutions are explored that ensure efficient incentives to preserve forests in the face of more intensive production systems that promise a positive cash flow for the producer.


Delay independent system of network control system was introduced.The sufficient conditions of the H∞ controller for delay-independent network control systems were given by using the Lyapunov stability theory and the linear matrix inequality(LMI) technique.And the H∞ controller which had the least γ value was gotten by solving a convex optimization problem satisfying linear matrix inequalities.The simulation experiment shows that the whole system has a good performance to reduce the influence of the disturbance.


Objective Construct recombinant adenovirus vector, the NCAM1 gene was transfected into the NSCs.Methods The recombinant plasmid was preparated transfected 293 A cells become Adncam1 with the backbone plasmid. After two amplification, testing titer value. Using Adncam1 transfected with NSCs, and determine whether the gene NCAM1 was over expression in NSCs by QPCR and Western blot. Results Adncam1 was packinged successful, after two amplification, The titer value was1 × 1010 PFU / m L. The effect Adncam1 transfected with NSCs was obvious. The transfection efficiency was 15 times higher than the control transfected by QPCR, The transfection efficiency was 3 times higher than the control transfected by Western blot. Conclusion Successful the recombinant adenovirus Ad Ncam1 transfected the target gene NCAM1 into NSCs.


This article addresses the demographic situation in VFD regions which is viewed as important component of region's positioning. Author's method of calculation of demographic situation index is proposed, which was used for assessment of demographic situation in VFD regions. Performed analysis allowed to identify the set of indicators which correspond to the purpose of this study most fully. Such indicators are as follows: dependency ratio, crude birth rate, crude death rate coefficient, infant mortality rate and life expectancy at birth coefficient. The groups of factors are identified which influence demographic situation in the region.


The Tcl/Tk (Ousterhout, 1994) scripting language has proved to be a powerful tool for building programs involved in the analysis of molecular sequence data. However, typical 'biological' operations, like the translation of a nucleotide sequence to the corresponding amino acid sequence, or the calculation of the G + C content in different codon positions in a 50 kbp cosmid sequence, are performed far too slowly with the standard Tel commands. To circumvent this problem, we have constructed a library that extends the Tcl/Tk language by adding primitive operators suited for sequence analysis implemented in the C-language. Additional commands related to molecular biology, written in Tel, are included. Built as a shared library, usage is easy and does not require modification of the Tcl/Tk source code. BioWish can be obtained from the WWW site http://evolution.bmc.uu.se/~thomas/moLlinux. The distribution consists of a single C-source file which should compile without modifications on all Unix systems capable of dynamical loading. It requires Tel 7.5/Tk4.1 or higher. No patching of the Tcl/Tk core is required. On systems where dynamic loading is not available, BioWish can be compiled as a standalone Tk intepreter.


Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of frequency transpositional hearing aids on hearing and speech rehabilitation for children with profound hearing loss. Method 20 children (3~16 years old), fitted with frequency transpositional hearing aids, were assessed for their ability of initial speech detection, pronunciation, and articulation with an 18-month follow-up. Results The speech detection and articulation of all were improved after intensive training. Conclusion Frequency transpositional hearing aids demonstrated noticeable effects on the patients with profound hearing loss.


The present work aims to know the knowledge of the teachers of Primary, Secondary and Secondary Education of different provinces of Andalusia (Spain) on the students with specific educational support needs, specifically on the ones called in the category "students with high intellectual capacities" as established in the Instructions of March 8, 2017 of the General Directorate of Participation and Equity, which updates the Protocol of Detection, Identification of Students with Specific Needs of Educational Support and Organization of the educational response of the Ministry of Education of the Regional Government of Andalusia. For this purpose, a self-administered questionnaire of 20 questions, with a Likert type scale, is prepared, with a total of 72 teachers. The results obtained, although they are not very representative, show an evident formative need in the areas related to the identification, didactic and intervention strategies with this students, as well as ignorance about resources and specific materials to facilitate their educational inclusion in the classroom and to prevent the school failure.


Basically, this paper says that if you want to reach the top of a mountain, you should keep it in focus, which is obvious. It also says that the topology of mountains is not the same at their top than in the valleys, which is something also obvious. It says that going from the valley up to a certain altitude is rather easy and within the ability of most people, but going higher is more diicult and a matter of practice, again something known by everyone. So, this paper says a few obvious things and applies these trivialties to combinatorial optimization by way of GAs. In the case of combinatorial optimization, these evidences seem to be less evident, or, at least, are sometimes forgotten. It also shows that considering these facts and keeping them in mind while designing a search algorithm, one can go pretty high with rather little eeort.


This thesis focuses on the problems of the Chinese University Admission (CUA) system. Within the field of education, the system of university admissions involves all of Chinese society and causes much concern amongst all social classes. University admissions have been researched since the middle of last century as an issue which has economic impact. However, little attention has been paid to the CUA system from the perspective of economics. This thesis explores a number of interesting aspects of the system. As a special case of the priority-based matching mechanism, the CUA system shares most properties of the Boston Mechanism, which is another example of a priority-based matching mechanism. But it also has some unique and interesting characteristics. The first chapter will introduce the main principles of the CUA system in detail and discuss stability, efficiency, strategy-proofness, and other properties under different informational assumptions. There is a heated debate about whether the CUA system should be abandoned or not. Educational corruption is one of the issues that have been raised. Corruption is a major issue of the CUA system as well as university admission systems in other areas in the world, e.g. India, Russia, etc. We contrast the performance of markets and exams under the assumption that there exists corruption in the admission process. The problem will be analyzed under perfect capital markets and also under borrowing constraints. We use auction theory to obtain equilibria of the market system and the exam system and analyse the effects of corruption on the efficiency of the two systems. We conclude that the exam system is superior to the market system if we only consider the issue of corruption. In the third chapter, we construct a model to reveal the forces that positively sort students into different quality universities in a free choice system under assumptions of supermodular utility and production functions. Given a distribution of student ability and resources, we analyse the planner's decisions on the number of universities and the design of the "task level" for each university, as well as the allocation of resources between universities. Students gain from completing requirements (tasks) in universities, while having to incur costs of exerting effort. In contrast to previous literature, our model includes qualifications as well as cost in the student's utility function, and educational outputs depend on qualification, ability and resources per capita. Our main focus is on the design of task levels. Our result differs from the literature as regards the optimal number of colleges. A zero fixed cost of establishing new colleges does not necessarily result in perfect tailoring of tasks to students. Furthermore, if the fixed cost is not zero, then the planner has to take fixed costs into account when deciding the number of universities. Introduction to the Thesis China is the largest developing country in the world. During the last thirty years1, demand for higher education in China has been increasing rapidly. As a result, concerns over college admission2 have become a focal point of discussion in China society. Due to historical and cultural reasons, the college admission in today's China involves the whole society and causes concerns of various social classes (Zhang (2008)). Although public attention on this issue has been drawn widely, most discussions occur in the popular media, and little theoretical research, specially studies from the economic perspective, has been carried out. This thesis tries to analyse the Chinese college admission system theoretically. Empirical analysis may be more convincing, but the collection of data about the higher education in China is di¢ cult. Nevertheless, it will be a direction for further studies in the future. This introduction consists of the following parts: a brief introduction about the Chinese College Admission System; some criticisms of the system; and the aims and contributions of this thesis. The Chinese College Admission System The Chinese College Admission System may be one of the most unique college admission systems in the world. It was established in 1952 to meet political and educational needs, as well as to serve as one of the accelerators for the economic transition of the new People's Republic of China. The system was interrupted from 1966 to 1976 during the "Cultural Revolution". In that period, almost all education activities were suspended. It was restored in 1977. Although there have been changes to the admission system until present day, the principle of the system remains the same, which is to admit students into higher education institutions through uniform national examinations. The establishment of the original admission system in 1952 was based on …ve arguments, including external and internal factors. (Zheng, 2007) 1. There are political needs and consideration of economic construction for the new country. As a new country reborn from wars, almost every aspect of the society was indeed for rebuilding, and hence all kinds of professionals were in short supply. Past experiences of higher education in Chinese history had 1The higher education system in China was interrupted due to domestic political complication during the Cultural Revolution and was restored back to normal in 1977. 2The phrase of "college admission" is used to represent the admission system of undergraduate education which is the main focus of this thesis.


Models of self-organized criticality, which can be described as singular diffusions with or without (multiplicative) Wiener forcing term (as e.g. the Bak/Tang/Wiesenfeld- and Zhang-models), are analyzed. Existence and uniqueness of nonnegative strong solutions are proved. Previously numerically predicted transition to the critical state in 1-D is confirmed by a rigorous proof that this indeed happens in finite time with high probability.


A tom cat was presented with history of inability to pass stools since last one month. Survey radiograph clearly indicated feces in the intestinal loops. Haematological parameters were within the normal range and colotomy was then performed. The colon was approached through a ventral midline celiotomy and the animal was kept on intravenous fluids for the next three days and on the fifth post-operative day animal passed loose stools. The cat's owners were advised to include water and salt to cat food to prevent re-occurrence.


Effective use of cultural heritage objects is nowadays a very actual problem. Main trends of cultural heritage object modification for modern use are multifunctional complexes, business centers, hotels, educational institutions. Also there is successful experience of modification of industrial architecture into exhibition areas, concert venues, art-venues, modification of historic building complexes. Russian and international normative documents with fire safety requirements for cultural heritage objects are analyzed in this work with respect to design experience, and improvement proposals are developed. Reconstruction, major repair, modification for modern use for cultural heritage objects can result in contradictions between requirements of Federal Law No. 123 "Fire Safety Regulation" and space-planning and construction solutions which are protected as cultural heritage elements. At the same time, some space-planning solutions at the objects can't be taken into account in fire risk assessment according to approved technique (RF Emercom Order on 30.06.2009 No. 382). As a result it's difficult to accept appropriate use of this technique in such cases. It's suggested to develop Code of Practice which could explain and validate design solutions in such cases. Before technique actualization it's suggested to develop Special Technical Regulations for fire protection of these objects. Building elements, which are not taken into account in the technique, can be included in fire assessment by expert coefficients to use upper limits of evacuation time in the assessment. Actual for practice specialists, typical for cultural heritage object problems are considered in this work: protection of multi-storied spaces with open stairways; automatic fire-suppression installations; historic doors in fire partitions; smoke control systems. Suggestions for application of such fire protection facilities at cultural heritage objects are formulated.


In order to perfect our jurisdiction, it is necessary to establish the system for policemen to witness in court. At present, there still exist some barriers for setting up such a sound system, so continuous exploration must be made to promote the innovation of legal concept and the perfection of juridical operations.


Abstract Chemical speciation of binary complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with L-aspartic acid was investigated pH-metrically in (0.5–2.5%) anionic, cationic and neutral micellar media. The stability constants were calculated using the computer program MINIQUAD75. The best-fit chemical models were selected based on statistical parameters and residual analysis. The models for the binary species contained MLH, ML2 and ML2H for Co(II), ML, MLH, ML2 for Ni(II) and Cu(II), ML2,ML2H and ML2H2 for Zn(II) in anionic, cationic and nonionic micellar media The trend in variation of stability constants with change in the mole fraction of the medium was explained on the basis of electrostatic and non-electrostatic forces. Distributions of the species with pH at different composition of micellar media were also presented.


Bentonite, binding gastric and duodenal proteases (Olesen 1972), may support haemostasis in peptic ulcer bleeding. 93 patients with haematemesis and melaena were treated with bentonite. Bleeding stopped within 24 hours in 79 cases (but recurred after treatment in 8) and continued in 14 cases. According to previous criteria, emergency operation would have been performed in 74 of the patients. Now 32 underwent elective operation for chronic ulcer, and surgery was avoided in 13 patients with acute ulcer. Out of 11 patients not operated on because of severe contraindications 7 died (3 from bleeding). Bentonite seems to be of help in arresting acute ulcer bleeding. Intensive observation is necessary, so that operation can be performed if haemostasis fails.


The aim of this study was to assess the case fatality rate (CFR) of COVID-19 by performing a meta-analysis according to the air temperature and to determine if the temperature modifies the pandemic duration to the peak day for CFR of the COVID-19 A novel coronavirus spread began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and half a year after, more than 9 million total cases were confirmed worldwide Therefore, knowing the conditions favorable for the spread of the virus (including weather conditions) is crucial from the perspective of the entire population Using information from the World Health Organization, subgroup meta-analysis by temperature was performed Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier estimates and the Cox proportional hazards models was conducted Based on the conducted analysis we can conclude that in countries with temperature equal or lower than 14 8°C the pooled CFR of COVID-19 is higher than in countries with tempera ture greater than 14 8°C Besides, in countries with lower temperature the peak of the CFR appears after a longer time from the first case of the novel coronavirus than in countries with higher temperature


Beamforming has been introduced in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in order to increase the transmission range of individual sensor nodes. One approach of optimizing node coordination is by implementing the theory of linear array for beamforming method. The ap- proach is presented in this paper. The linear sensor node array (LSNA) is constructed within random sensor node deployment. The LSNA is optimized as a conventional uniform linear ar- ray (ULA) to minimize the position errors which will improve the beamforming performance in terms of gain, transmission range and characteristics. A simulation model is implemented to study the adaptive LSNA. Several scenarios were evaluated by comparing with the theoretical results of conventional ULA. The performance of the constructed adaptive LSNA demonstrated an excellent agreement compared to the conventional ULA.


The artistic charm of Li Yu's later-stage verses is mainly characterized with dreary broad literary mood,deep righ of emotion,in comparable sorrow honest,abundant feelings,straighforward words expressing sorry and hate which quake people's hearts,description focusing on psychological time and space,mutual fitting between subjective psychology and reality,sticking-out artistic entertainment,search for life philosophy,understanding of the ancient and the present, sigh with feelings of changing life and things.