Acquisition requirements for complex weapon systems in a cooperative engineering environment include an analysis of the full life cycle of the total system and an all-round,multi-angle view of the problem. Analysis of the simulation based acquisition(SBA) procedures for virtual acquisition revealed them to be macroscopic,qualitative and inaccurate. A multi-attribute decision making system was therefore developed for the SBA problem space. With this method,the process of solving an SBA problem was reduced to an uncertain and multi-attribute decision-making process. Then according to the degree of uncertainty in the SBA information,the decision making problem was further transformed into an iterative approximation of a numerical calculation. Based on web services,two multiple attribute software packages were developed,one for individual decision-making and the other for group decision-making. Finally,on the SBA cooperative engineering platform,we verified the feasibility of the proposed method and the effectiveness of the software packages.


Aims:  This study was conducted to test the virulence of luminescent (L) and non‐luminescent (NL) isogenic strains of Vibrio campbellii LMG21363, Vibrio harveyi BB120 (wild type) and quorum‐sensing mutant strains derived from the wild type such as Vibrio harveyi BB152, BB170, MM30 and BB886.


The synthesis of bio polyol from renewable resources has attracted attention in recent years. In particular, it is important to take advantage of bio polyols in the synthesis of polymers. In this study, a series of dimethylformamide (DMF) based polyurethanes were synthesized using polycarbonate polyol/bio polyol (PO3G: polytrimethylene ether glycol prepared from 1, 3-propanediol produced by fermentation from corn sugar), methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and 1,4-butandiol (BD). The properties of prepared polyurethane films and the cell structure of wet type artificial leather were investigated. As the bio polyol content increased, the tensile strength of polyurethane films decreased, however, the elongation at break increased significantly. As a result of thermal characteristics analysis, the glass transition temperature of polyurethanes increased when increasing the content of polycarbonate polyol. As a result of comparing the cell characteristics of wet type artificial leathers prepared in this study, it was found that the number and uniformity of cells formed in the artificial leather samples increased when increasing the content of polycarbonate polyol in polycarbonate polyol/bio polyol. From these results, it was found that Clean Technol., Vol. 25, No. 2, June 2019, pp. 114-122 * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: email@example.com; Tel: +82-51-510-2410; Fax: +82-51-512-8175 doi: 10.7464/ksct.2019.25.2.112 pISSN 1598-9712 eISSN 2288-0690 This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licences/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 폴리카보네이트 폴리올/바이오 폴리올을 이용한 습식 인조피혁용 폴리우레탄의 제조 및 물성 115


The objective of the present invention is to provide a multi-band array antenna with which it is possible to optimize the spacing between adjacent multi-band array antenna elements, and with which it is possible for electric power to be divided appropriately using a dividing circuit. This multi-band array antenna 100 includes: m first antenna elements 10 which operate in p frequency bands; n second antenna elements 12 which operate in q frequency bands; a Wilkinson power divider 14; a filter 16; and a matching circuit 18. m and n are positive integers satisfying m+n≥3 and either m=n+1, n=m+1 or m=n, and p and q are positive integers satisfying p≥1, q≥2 and q>p. The m first antenna elements and the n second antenna elements are disposed alternately. The matching circuit 18 matches the impedances of the filter 16 and the power divider 14 in the attenuation frequency band of the filter 16. A series-connected circuit portion is configured in such a way that a branching portion of the power divider 14 is an open end in the attenuation frequency band.


There are errors in the second and third sentences from the end of the Abstract. These sentences should read "H4K20me1 depletion in the set-1 mutant showed greater X derepression compared to equalization of H4K20me1 levels between X and autosomes in the set-4 mutant, indicating that H4K20me1 level is important, but X to autosomal balance of H4K20me1 contributes slightly to X-repression. Thus H4K20me1 is not only a downstream effector of the DCC."

The last sentence of the Introduction is incorrect. The sentence should read "Our results suggest that H4K20me1 levels are important for X chromosome dosage compensation, but H4K20me1 does not act only as a downstream effector of the DCC."


Abstract This paper investigates the use of reflective journals to facilitate student learning during a teacher education practicum. Thirty‐five student teachers undertaking a 1‐year Graduate Diploma of Education submitted weekly journal entries during their 11‐week practicum and were interviewed at several stages about their educational beliefs and practices. Students were randomly assigned to four intervention conditions which varied the content of journalling (experiential or cognitive) and the context (provision of reflective dialogue based on journal entries or self‐analysis). The evidence reported here includes the focus and level of students' reflections, the effects of the intervention conditions, and students' perceptions of the value of journalling. Although there was some evidence that students found it easier to write an experiential than a cognitive journal, there were no overall differences in the quality of reflection achieved under the two conditions. Students receiving supervised dialogue...


This paper presents a converter impedance calculation method under virtual synchronous machine (VSM) control. Firstly, the conventional virtual synchronous machine control strategy is presented, in which the active and reactive power control is realized. Secondly, the small signal model with VSM control is deduced, thus a calculation method for impedance in d-q frame is proposed. The effect produced by voltage and frequency adjustment in VSM control to d-q frame voltage is fully analyzed. This method also extends to capacitor voltage close loop control for static var compensation field. At last, the calculated impedance is compared with the measured impedance using Matlab/Simulink. Results validate the correctness of the proposed impedance calculation method.


In this chapter, we begin by providing a brief background on the classification of organisms. We then provide a general background on the synthesis of chemical biomarkers and their association with key metabolic pathways in organisms, as they relate to differences in cellular structure and function across the three systematic domains of life. We also discuss photosynthesis, the dominant pathway by which biomass is synthesized, and provide information about chemoautotrophic and microbial heterotrophic processes. This holistic view of biosynthetic pathways of chemical biomarkers provides a roadmap for other chapters in this book, where more specific details on chemical pathways are presented for each of the respective classes of biomarkers. While other excellent books in the area of organic geochemistry have effectively introduced the concepts of chemical biomarkers in the context of physical and chemical gradients found in natural ecosystems (e.g., anaerobic, aerobic) (Killops and Killops, 2005; Peters et al., 2005), we begin by first examining biosynthetic pathways at the cellular level of differentiation. We believe that an understanding of the general biosynthetic pathways of these chemical biomarkers is critical when examining the complexity of rate-controlling processes that determine their production and fate in aquatic systems. We also provide the major features of different cell membrane structures, since these membranes play an important role in the transport of simple molecules in and out of the cell and influence the preservation of chemical biomarkers in sediments. The taxonomic classification of all living organisms is shown in fig. 1.1. The former five-Kingdom classification system consisted of the following phyla: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Bacteria. It was replaced by a three-domain system—primarily derived from the phylogenetic analysis of base sequences of nucleic acids from rRNA (Woese et al., 1990) (fig. 1.1). These domains can be further divided into heterotrophs (e.g., animals and fungi) and autotrophs (e.g., vascular plants and algae),


In this paper we study several discrete models of collective behavior based on Synchronous Boolean Networks. For these models we consider a number of related problems that we solve by reducing them to Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) and applying state-of-the-art parameterized SAT solving algorithms. We describe a greedy algorithm that exploits the features of functions used to recalculate network nodes weights and interconnections between neighborhoods of network nodes. This algorithm in combination with several specific propositional encoding techniques, makes it possible to significantly reduce the size of propositional encoding. We compare the effectiveness of SAT solving algorithms on the new encodings with that on previously employed encodings and evaluate the total performance gain achieved by using state-of-the-art tools for finding efficient SAT solver parameters.


What colour does a white wall look in the pinkish light of the late afternoon? What shape does a circular table look when you are standing next to it? These questions seem simple enough, but philosophers disagree sharply about them. In this paper, I attempt to provide a new approach to these questions, based on the idea that perception modifies our epistemic dispositions BLOCKIN


A parathyroid hormone-like peptide (PTHLP) has recently been identified in human tumors associated with the syndrome of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. The peptide appears to be encoded by a single-copy gene that gives rise to multiple mRNAs that are heterogeneous at both their 5' and their 3' ends. Alternative RNA splicing is responsible for the 3' heterogeneity and results in mRNAs encoding three different peptides, each with a unique C terminus. We have isolated and characterized the human PTHLP gene. The gene is a complex transcriptional unit spanning more than 12 kilobases of DNA and containing six exons. Two 5' exons encode distinct 5' untranslated regions and are separated by a putative promoter element, indicating that the gene either has two promoters or is alternatively spliced from a single promoter upstream of the first exon. The middle portion of the PTHLP gene, comprising exons 2-4, has an organizational pattern of introns and exons identical to that of the parathyroid hormone gene, consistent with a common ancestral origin of these two genes. Exon 4 of the PTHLP gene encodes the region common to all three peptides and the C terminus of the shortest peptide, and exons 5 and 6 encode the unique C termini of the other two peptides. Northern analysis of mRNAs from four human tumors of different histological types reveals the preferential use of 3' splicing patterns by individual tumors. Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) is a common paraneoplastic syndrome that appears to be mediated in many instances by the production by tumors of a parathyroid hormone-like peptide (PTHLP) (1). The human PTHLP has recently been purified and its cDNA has been cloned from human HHM-associated tumors (2-8). The predicted product of the cDNAs initially isolated from lung (6) and renal (7) carcinoma cDNA libraries is a protein of 177 amino acids, consisting of a 36-amino acid precursor sequence followed by a 141-amino acid mature peptide. Sequence similarity to human parathyroid hormone (PTH) is confined to the last 2 amino acids of the precursor region and the first 13 amino acids of the mature peptide, following which there is sequence divergence (7, 8). Synthetic N-terminal PTHLP fragments 34-36 amino acids long have been shown to interact with PTH receptors and to stimulate PTH-sensitive systems in vitro and to reproduce the features of the humoral syndrome when infused into rats in vivo (9-12). The peptide appears to be normally expressed in a number of endocrine and nonendocrine tissues (13-15) and its expression appears to be regulated in at least one tissue (15), but its physiological role or roles in these sites has yet to be determined. Southern analysis of genomic DNA from four species has revealed a simple hybridization pattern compatible with a single-copy gene (7, 8). This gene has been mapped to the short arm of human chromosome 12, whereas the PTH locus is on the short arm of chromosome 11 (7). The short arms of human chromosomes 11 and 12 bear a number of related genes and are thought to have resulted from an ancient duplication event, so that these localization data have been taken as circumstantial evidence for relatedness of the PTH and PTHLP genes (7). In contrast to the simple pattern on Southern analysis, Northern analysis of mRNAs derived from both HHMassociated tumors (6-8, 16) and normal tissues (7, 14) consistently reveals a complex hybridization pattern of two to five hybridizing mRNA species. This complexity appears to be derived, in part, from alternative RNA splicing, which results in three classes ofmRNAs with different 3' ends, each class encoding a PTHLP with a unique C terminus (6-8, 17). There is also evidence for heterogeneity at the 5' ends of the mRNAs encoding the PTHLPs (7, 8, 17). We report here the structure of the human PTHLP gene, which spans more than 12 kilobases (kb) of DNA and is a complex transcriptional unit containing six exons. This structure provides additional evidence for the relatedness of the PTH and PTHLP genes and contains alternatively spliced 3' exons encoding the unique C termini of the three PTH-like peptides. The gene appears to use multiple promoters. Northern analysis ofhuman tumor-derived mRNAs indicates that individual tumors preferentially use one or another 3' splicing pattern. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolation and Analysis of Genomic Clones. A human genomic library, prepared from fibroblast DNA introduced into a A Fix vector and amplified once, was purchased from Stratagene. The library was screened in duplicate with a 32P-labeled 350-base-pair (bp) Pvu II-Sac I coding-region probe (7, 18), and two strongly hybridizing phage were identified and plaque purified twice. These two clones were rescreened with five probes specific for the two 5' ends and the three 3' ends of the reported PTHLP cDNAs (see the legend of Fig. 1 for cDNA terminology): a 435-bp Bgl I-Bgl I fragment of the 5' untranslated region of A HHM-8 (7); oligonucleotide 1OB55', complementary to the 5' untranslated region of clone lOB5 (8); and three restriction fragments corresponding to the 3' untranslated regions ofcDNA clones A HHM-8, A HHM-4, and 1OB5, respectively (17). Genomic DNA was mapped with different restriction enzymes and subcloned into pGEM-blue (Promega Bio Tech) as HindIII or Sac I fragments. By hybridizing multiple digests with different probes corresponding to sequences specific for each of the cDNAs, restriction fragments containing exonic sequences were identified. All exonic fragments and intronexon junctions were subcloned into M13 vectors and seAbbreviations: PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHLP, parathyroid hormone-like peptide; HHM, humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. *To whom reprint requests should be addressed at: Fitkin I, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510. 2408 The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86 (1989) 2409 10 15 20 25 sequence, see below and Fig. 1); and (d) the three 3'-specific fragments noted above (17). A S/Sal R H S H HH S SH S/Sal


This chapter addresses how MAT loci is identified from budding ascomycetes to filamentous ascomycetes to basidiomycetes function to specify cell identity. The chapter begins with an introduction to the cell identity determination paradigm established in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It explores how cell identity determination affects sexual reproduction in basidiomycetes. Through these examples, we see how cell identity determination lays the foundation for effective sexual reproduction and survival across diverse fungi. In S. cerevisiae, a single-celled ascomycete, growth can take place either clonally through haploid cell budding, or sexually through mating followed by meiosis. For most ascomycetes, the precise mechanisms by which these transcriptional regulators specify cell identity is not known; however, MAT control in S. pombe is explored in more detail. An ascomycete in which cell identity determination has been studied in detail is the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. A detailed expression analysis determined the transcriptional profiles of cells with targeted deletions of the MTL regulator components in every possible combination in both the white and opaque phases. Control of cell identity by the MAT locus in basidiomycetes expands the simple transcription factor-encoding locus seen in ascomycetes to a more complex structure. The fate of fused hyphae is determined by the interactions of the homeodomain proteins after cell fusion: if different alleles of an homeodomain (HD1) and HD2 protein from the same gene pair interact, this complex will form a heterodimeric transcriptional regulator that stimulates dikaryotic growth.


Spatial wage di¤erences o¤er incentives to change the location of work either by commuting or by moving to the new work location. Combining an intensive labor supply margin with an extensive, productivity-enhancing margin of work place change due to commuting or moving, I study how spatial urban-fringe productivity di¤erences and labor mobility shape optimal redistribution under tax deduction of commuting expenses. My study underlines the signi…cance of the tax system for local labour market and settlement pattern. JEL classi…cation: H21, R12, R23, C61, J61


T he natural process of menopause sometimes causes negative symptoms in women as they transition through, and adapt to, the changes in hormones that accompany menopause. Allopathic treatment for these negative symptoms consists of supplying endogenous hormones for the remainder of a woman's life. From a holistic perspective, this prevents a woman from achieving the postmenopausal hormone balance that would be achieved in the natural course of her life. In addition, the Women's Health Initiative and other large trials have recently revealed that combined conjugated equine estrogens (Premarin®) and medroxyprogesterone (Provera®) increase the risk of atherosclerotic complications, increase the risk and severity of breast cancer, and worsen cognitive function slightly.1–4 Complete results on the use of Premarin are not yet in but there are strong indications that the symptom relief it offers may be outweighed by its negative effects on women's overall health. This leaves many women who want an alternative approach. Botanical medicine has many treatments for menopausal symptoms. Combined with lifestyle changes, herbal therapies o f fe r a vast ly sa fer and s imi lar ly ef fec t ive remedy for menopausal symptoms. Some herbs may also decrease the risk of heart disease, breast cancer, and osteoporosis, although more research is needed to establish the beneficial effects of these herbs on such conditions. This article provides updated information on some of the herbs commonly used to help women address perimenopausal symptoms.


Scutellarin had wide physiological activity.In this work,Scutellarin was calculated using the Density Functional Theory(DFT) B3LYP method with 6-311G(d) basis set.The molecular structure,dipole moment,hydrophobic parameter,infrared spectroscopy,phenolic hydroxyl bonds dissociation enthalpy,spin density distribution and the frontier orbitals were analyzed to explain its activity.The result showed that Scutellarin's antioxidant effect was reflected on its phenolic htdroxyls.The C6 phenolic htdroxyl on the A ring has the highest active,C4' on the B ring was second and C5 on the A ring was at last.Scutellarin may have good absorption effect in the polar environment.The result provides theoretical guidance for using Scutellarin effectively.


disease and in patients with multi-system-atrophies. There were no significant changes in untreated parkinsonian patients, but areduction in L-DOPA treated cases, suggesting receptor down regulation by this treatment. Comparing the striatum ipsiand contralateral to clinical symptoms in hemiparkinsonian patients, slightly but significantly higher values were found on the contralateral side, indicating receptor supersensitivity. A curvilinear relationship was found between total daily dose of classical neuroleptics and the reduction of this ratio, whereas no such relationship could be found in patients treated with clozapine (n = 19) or sulpiride (n 2). In many cases these drugs blocked D2 receptors in striatum only to a minor degree. Estimated receptor blockade under full neuroleptic treatment with classical neuroleptics was 75 to 80%. IBZM binding is reduced with increasing age. By projecting a rectangle as region of interest in the striatum Danus et al. (research group of Bonn) found a striatum/frontal cortex index of 1.24 in untreated patients compared to 1.02-1.10 in patients treated with different neuroleptics.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: described is a method for continuous production of products from foamed polystyrene, involving mixing a monomer with a blowing agent and functional additives, polymerisation of the reaction mixture. The method is distinguished by that the styrene monomer is premixed with a carbon dioxide blowing agent taken in liquid-phase supercritical state. Polymerisation is carried out in a frontal polymerisation reactor. Pressure at the output of the reactor is then dropped sharply, leading to foaming of the polymer mass, after which the obtained foamed polymer mass is injected into the mould of the product with its subsequent cooling. Also described is a device for realising the said method, where the said device has a monomer container, an inert gas container, a carbon dioxide container and a carbon dioxide flowmetre, mixers, a plunger pump, a compressor, a cryostat, an aerator for mixing the monomer with carbon dioxide, a frontal polymerisation reactor, a fine adjustment throttle valve, a mould and a condenser. EFFECT: high-output, energy-saving, environmentally safe continuous method of making products from foamed polystyrene. 3 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl


The IFN-γ-CDPK fusion gene including Eimeria tenella CDPK antigen gene and chicken interferon gamma gene(IFN-γ)was amplified by SOE-PCR and linked with the 15(Gly4Ser)3 hydr ophobic polypeptide.The amplified IFN-γ-CDPK fusion gene was cloned into the expression vector pMAL-p2X to construct the prokaryotic recombi nant plasmid pMAL-IFN-γ-CDPK and expressed in Escher ichia coli TB1 after induction with IPTG.The bioactivity of the purified recombinant protein was analyzed by Western-blotting.The recombinant plasmid pMAL-IFN-γ-CDPK including IFN-γ and CDPK genes was constructed.Western-blotting analysis showed that the expressed IFN-γ-CD PK fusion protein could react with the chicken antibody against E.tenell a GS strain.The results provided foundation for further development of genetic engineering v accines against chicken coccidiosis.


Au wire thermosonic wedge bonding is applied for die to die interconnect on accelerometer device. With the fragile bond pad structure of MEMS device, bond pad cratering or bond pad metal peel is a fatal wedge bond defect during assembly packaging and reliability failure during field application. Typical interchip wedge bond failure mode and the cause of failures are studied through analyzing wedge bonding mechanism, packaging & tooling design and bond pad metallization. Comprehensive wedge bond process characterization was carried out to improve wedge bond quality and reliability. Critical wedge bond responses (wedge pull, wedge shear, Cratering) were studied during wedge bond process characterization. Post wedge bond cratering has good correlation with the wedge tool in both position and shape. Si nodule underneath the bond pad metal generates higher local stress to the bond pad during wedge bonding. Thinner bond pad metal could not act as a cushion to mitigate the wedge bond stress to the poly silicon l...


The main focus of urban rainwater runoff disposal systems has traditionally been to provide structurally sound drainage systems with the capacity to carry runoff water from surfaces such as rooftops, paved streets, highways, parking lots, lawns, and paved and gravelled roads as quickly and efficiently as possible to the disposal site, without regard, necessarily, for water quality at the outfall. This has contributed to the decline in the water quality of rivers and lakes and other receiving bodies. Whilst some progress has been made towards the reduction in pollution at source, it is the non-point sources of pollution entering water runoff systems at various points and from different sources that is the most difficult to monitor and manage. Recent developments in stormwater quality management have seen the introduction of stormwater pollutant traps (SPT), which are generally end-of line devices designed to capture and store gross pollutants and some micro-pollutants, for subsequent removal and disposal. The Rocla VersaTrap (VT) range of pollutant traps have been designed to separate gross pollutants and sediments from stormwater by utilising vortex flow. This vortex flow is generated by introduction of the influent water tangentially into a cylindrical chamber, where it descends and exits through a cylindrical stainless steel screen to the exit chamber, and back into the drainage system. The VersaTrap Series A SPT is an offline stormwater pollutant trap which utilises an upstream diversion weir pit to divert the Design Treatment Flow (DTF) into the treatment chamber. Treated flow is returned to the diversion pit downstream of the weir, where it re-enters the drainage system. Peak flows in excess of the DTF bypass the SPT over the weir into the pipeline downstream. It has been demonstrated that the aggregate of all flows of 3 month Average Recurrence Interval and less represent the vast majority (up to 97.5%) of the total flow generated by a stormwater drainage catchment. It is therefore considered that treatment of all flows up to that generated by a 3 month ARI event will ensure the capture of the vast


Using ultrasonic assisted water extraction of polysaccharides from Agrimonia pilosa ledeb.,the influence of water ratio,extraction power,extraction time on the extraction rate of polysaccharides were investigated.Results showed that the optimal extraction parameters were established as follows:solid-liquid ratio 1 ∶ 80(g/mL),extraction power was 540 W,extracting time 20 min.The yield of the polysaccharides of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.was 8.04%.


This website was created by students in JOUR 215, The Magazine: Past, Present, Future during Spring Term 2015. The course was taught by Douglas O. Cumming, Associate Professor of Journalism & Mass Communications.


To understand the impact of the Reynolds number on the disturbance field inside a high-speed wind tunnel, we use direct numerical simulations to model turbulent boundary layers along the walls of a quasi-two-dimensional nozzle configuration. These simulations are performed at four different unit Reynolds numbers, ranging from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. The predominantly hydrodynamic fluctuations inside the boundary layer are nearly unaffected by the freestream forcing of the impinging acoustic radiation from the opposite wall. Within the nozzle-core region, the disturbance environment is found to be spatially uniform and solely acoustic in character. Comparisons with tunnel noise measurements are made using the numerical data. For the first time, comparisons of fluctuations in the same physical quantity (the streamwise mass flux) have been published, as opposed to earlier comparisons involving static-pressure fluctuations based on the simulations and pitot-pressure fluctuations recorded in the wind tunnel. The NASA 20 in. Mach 6 wind tunnel observations corroborate the predicted trend of decreased root-mean-square variations in pressure and mass flux as the Reynolds number rises. Additional details of the acoustic radiation field are quantified and should be useful toward a digital synthesis of the tunnel disturbance environment that would enable realistic simulations of the natural transition process.


The theory of self-induced resonances in asymmetric two-junction interferometer device is presented. In real devices, it is impossible to have an ideal interferometer free of imperfections. Thus, we extended previous theoretical approaches, introducing a model that contains several asymmetries: Josephson current $ϵ$, capacitances $\ensuremath{\chi}$, and dissipation $\ensuremath{\rho}$ presented in an equivalent circuit. Moreover, nonconventional symmetry of the order parameter in high temperature superconducting quantum interference devices forced us to include phase asymmetries. Therefore, the model has been extended to the case of $\ensuremath{\pi}$-shift interferometers, where a phase shift is present in one of the junctions.


The adsorption of metal elements on hydrated ferric oxide, clay minerals, and marine sediments from artificial seawater is studied using radioactive multitracers produced by RIKEN Ring Cyclotron. The distribution coefficents (Kd) of Co,Ga,Rb,Sr,Y,Zr,Nb,Mo,Ru,Rh,Pd,Ag,In,Sn,Eu,Gd,Tb,Tm,Yb,Lu,Hf,Re and Hg were determined


In the last 20 years, emerging technologies such as fuel cells and microturbines have contributed to growth in the market for combined heat and power (CHP) in small-scale (5–5,000 kW) applications. Numerous studies utilizing performance assumptions have explored the theoretical potential for distributed CHP to save energy and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, however actual performance may differ from expectations. Incentive programs in several states are beginning to yield information about actual (as opposed to potential) performance of small-scale CHP. This paper leverages over ten years of metered data from more than 500 different projects rebated by one such program: California's Self Generation Incentive Program (SGIP). The population of projects includes established technologies (internal combustion engines, gas turbines) as well as emerging technologies. Performance measures examined include efficiencies, utilization, and GHG emissions impacts. A variety of Federal and State policies seek to increase the amount of small-scale distributed CHP in the coming years. It is imperative that knowledge about actual performance gleaned from metered data collected during the past decade be shared widely so that CHP's potential to reduce energy consumption and GHG emissions is actually realized in the future.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


In the framework of economic development, we argue that privatization of State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) is unarguably one of the gateways to succeeding in economic growth. It provides the basis for perfect market competition, promoting employment, reducing government expenditure burden on its budget, promoting employment growth and provides efficient services, boost innovation and the technological revolution of especially developing countries which is an undisputable evidence for economic growth seen for example in Asia and China to be specific. China and a good number of countries with perfect market structures, early economic successes can be largely accredited to privatization of their underperforming SOEs model of promoting economic growth. In this article, we will attempt to draw the attention of readers on the conjectural background of privatization of SOEs, its effects in promoting economic growth and strategies of its implementation drawing from the experiences of other countries. We used descriptive analysis approach to describe the facts and effects about the significance of privatization of SOEs in economies that are opening up or still moving up the economic development ladder. The paper also draws lessons from developed economies like the US where privatization is a symbol of a capitalist and free market society, although focusing on developing countries with specific reference to Sierra Leone, bench marking the case of China. We discovered that privatization helps government save more and improve efficiency largely through competition that motivates development as well as innovation.


Microscopic, morphological and qualitative phytochemical analysis were conducted in the tubers of Typhonium trilobatum (Linn.) Schott, member of the botanical family Araceae. Tubers are eaten in some tribal societies and the plant also has various medicinal uses. Parameters presented in this paper may establish the authenticity of this plant and can possibly help to differentiate the drug from its closely related plants, like Sauromatum or Lazarum which show similarity morphologically but differ anatomically. Sections were taken and camera lucida diagrams were drawn, powder microscopy showed the presence of cork, abundant starch grains and raphides. Phytochemical tests revealed presence of proteins, fats, flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids, while steroids, tannin and glycosides were negligible in the alcoholic and chloroform extracts. The uses of this plant in traditional medicine is for various ailments but its flavonoid content opens doors for treatment in cancer of all types.


The temperature rise caused by the moving heat sources of which the distributions of heat intensities are parabolic and uniform over the area of a rectangle was calculated in consideration of heat radiation from the surface under the assumption of a three-dimensional heat flow. Further, the flash temperature rise generated on the meshing faces of the gears was examined by estimating convective heat transfer coefficient between the tooth surface and a lubricating oil. From the calculated results it is seen that the difference between the maximum values of the temperature rise caused by the above-cited distributed heat sources decreases with an increasing heat transfer coefficient, and the effect of heat radiation on the flash temperature rise of the tooth surface is considered negligible.


EVANS, SARAH BETH. Disruption by Design: Feminist Interventions in Digital Game Production on a University Campus (Under the direction of Dr. Nicholas Taylor). The purpose of this dissertation is to enact and think through an inclusive game making curriculum that works outside of the game industry's logics and conditions (and instead operates in a way more attentive to care and personal growth). In carrying out this study I cultivated and used feminist research methods to investigate three sites of game design for women and gender minorities on a university campus: the classroom, an informal learning space, and a universityclub-sponsored hackathon. In particular, this study focused on game design's benefits to beginner and amateur game makers who identified as a woman, or as other genders that have historically been marginalized from games and gaming cultures. Through this project, I garnered perspectives on the ways alternative modes of video game production that operate on the fringes of capitalist patriarchy can be employed, and what benefits gender minorities might gain from such structures. Specifically, this research asks: what might we learn about the challenges and opportunities of enacting game design-focused feminist interventionist research by conducting such work in a) the particular local and regional context of a Southeastern US university, and b) within a campus setting (and the various supports for equity and inclusivity, as well as structures for sustainability, such a context offers)? In other words, I observed and in two cases, enacted a series of events, on a university campus, that facilitated various transformations in individuals' or community's relationship to games and/or themselves. © Copyright 2018 by Sarah Evans All Rights Reserved Disruption by Design: Feminist Interventions in Digital Game Production on a University Campus


Dependability and reliability assessment becomes quite difficult for the complex systems with different failure modes and maintenance policies that are represented by Markov processes characterized by a large number of states and transitions. In order to overcome the complexity of this problem, we propose to build the Markov processes corresponding to each system mode separately and to assess its dependability by the theory of p-languages. Further we can use the choice (or concatenation) operator to model the system that incorporates multiple failure modes (or maintenance policies) and to assess its performances.


In order to solve the problem of low measurement accuracy, large environmental interference and high cost of production in fragment velocity test, this paper proposed the fragment velocity test system by using PVDF piezoelectric film, NI-PXI platform and LabVIEW graphical programming language. The test system mainly includes PVDF film, adjusting circuit, acquisition module and terminal control software. The adjusting circuit amplifies the weak signal of the PVDF sensor. The acquisition module is responsible for reading the data collected by the data acquisition card for subsequent analysis and storage. The terminal control software executes data multi-channel acquisition, storage and display. The test system is stable and reliable with high accuracy through experimental verification.


We have studied the optical properties of size‐tunable undoped and Mn2+‐doped cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots (QDs) of monodisperse suspensions with emission wavelength varying between 500 and 680 nm. The role of the surface is investigated for obtaining size‐tunable, bright, and stable CdTe QDs. Differentially tunable optical properties of doped and undoped CdTe QDs has been reported. Unlike the continuous redshifting in the absorption spectra of pristine CdTe system, an unusual blueshift is observed for doped CdTe system after a certain time period of refluxion, followed by again a redshift and the disappearance of earlier peak with further refluxing. The available size range and optical properties are significantly controlled through Mn2+ doping. The surface adsorbed Mn promotes ripening of the doped system as well as disintegration into smaller fraction after saturation in growth occurs. An optimum size fraction is identified for both the systems based on their photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield. The photophysics of Mn2+‐doped nanocrystals has been proposed.


With the publication of the article by Benoit Roux and colleagues in this issue ([Vargas et al.][1]), the JGP introduces a new type of article, the Viewpoint . A Viewpoint shares features with two other article types, Perspectives and Reviews, but is distinct from them. Like the Perspective, a


This is a retrospective study performed to analyse the functional outcome, complications and survival following intramedullary nailings for pathological fractures of long bones in a District General Hospital. There were fifteen intramedullary nailings (Femur-11, Tibia- 2 , Humerus- 2) done in twelve patients during June 1999 and December 2002. There were twelve nailings in pathological fractures and three cases of prophylactic nailings. Nine patients had metastasis with known primary cancers from Ca Breast (3), Ca Bronchus (3), Ca Prostate (1), Ca Oesophagus (1) and Renal Cell Carcinoma (1). Two patients had metastasis without known primary site. There was one patient who had multiple myeloma with pathological fracture of femur. We assessed the outcome of the treatment based on pain relief, post-fixation mobility and complications associated with the procedure. Pain relief was achieved in about 92% cases. 67% cases with fracture of lower limbs were able to walk within a week postoperatively following nailing. One patient had deep infection leading to implant failure that needed nail removal to eradicate the infection. One patient had nonfatal pulmonary embolism. There was an incidence of thromboembolism of brachial artery that was treated by embolectomy without any sequelae. The patients survival rate was 33% at six months and 0% at 2 years. Reamings sent from nailing were helpful in confirming the diagnosis in 75% cases. Despite poor life expectancy our results show good functional improvement following intramedullary nailing of pathological fractures of long bones. It is a safe way to restore limb function and improve quality of life.


Background  A qualitative study in a central out-of-hours consultation room in Aarhus, Denmark, a city of about 250 000 people.

Aim  To describe why parents of children with fever and/or respiratory symptoms used the service, what parents did before seeking medical advice and what they expected from their consultation.

Method  All parents with a child under 12 attending the centre on 17 weekdays (except Fridays) in September and October 1998 were invited for a structured interview before seeing the GP.

Results  Of 153 parents, 152 agreed to an interview, but six were later excluded as it became apparent their main reason for consultation was not fever or respiratory symptoms. The only refusal was because a mother did not wish to delay her consultation with the doctor.

Fifty-two per cent of parents had sought advice from family, friends, day-care staff and others before seeking medical help. Twenty-one per cent had tried over-the-counter remedies. Forty-six per cent did not consider the illness serious, but 1/3 did not know how serious it was and 12% thought their child was very ill.

They were asked an open-ended question about their expectation of the consultation. Nearly all expected their child to be examined, 79% expected a diagnosis or an explanation but only 13% said they expected a prescription. To the more specific question 'Do you expect a prescription of an antibiotic?', 71% said no, 19% said yes and 10% didn't know.

Conclusions  The study confirms previous findings in relation to parents' seeking informal advice prior to seeking a medical opinion. However, the study shows different parental expectations in relation to the likelihood of a prescription after the consultation. The authors stress the importance of exploring parents' expectations during emergency consultations. Concentrating on clinical examination and communicating with parents about the child's condition may be better than a prescription.


A flow system modeling the right heart for the study of thermodilution was designed and constructed for use in an undergraduate teaching laboratory. The flow system was used to validate the thermodilution method for three known flow rates. Results show a linear relationship between the thermodilution and the known flow rates, however, thermodilution overestimates the true flow.


The characteristics between Chinese Yin Mountains rock pictures and the Western rock pictures are different. The Western pictures are realistic,rational,and have real time and space,but Yin Mountains rock pictures are free,perceptual,and have subjective time and space.The different tradition between the Orient and the West began from primitive art age.\;


Note: Percentages may not add to totals due to rounding. The involvement of volunteers is a defining aspect of the nonprofit and voluntary sector. According to the 2003 National Survey of Nonprofit and Voluntary Organizations (NSNVO), almost all of Canada's estimated 161,000 nonprofit and voluntary organizations involve volunteers in some way. Collectively, organizations report a combined volunteer complement of just over 19 million.1 Approximately one million of these volunteers serve on boards of directors. The rest are are engaged in non-board activities such as program delivery and fundraising.


In this issue Kimberly Nehls introduces us to a different way of learning about students' college experiences and how these experiences shape their lives (Nehls, 2009). Nehls's review of J. Courtney Smith's novel Commencement demonstrates the insights into higher education that fiction can provide. As an anthropologist, I have found that novels represent a valuable form of ethnography, descriptions of cultural beliefs and practices. While scholarly studies of culture offer ethnographic descriptions in the analytic categories created by anthropologists or other scholars, novels take us into the lived experience of a culture through the interactions of individuals with their social world and through their thoughts, meanings, and understandings. Novels also depict well the emotional encounters and reactions associated with situations of daily life, an aspect of human experience that constraints of scholarly work generally cannot impart. One of the rewards of our current globalized existence is the easy availability of a vast amount of literature by novelists around the world, which take us into the minutia that comprise people's lives, their struggles, aspirations, successes and disappointments, as well as the cultural frameworks through which they operate. Some recent examples of this world literature include Kiran Desai's Inheritance of Loss, which is set in northern India on the Indian side of the Himalayas and is the 2006 winner of the prestigious Man Booker Prize; and Malaysian Tan Twang Eng's The Gift of Rain (2008).


Electronic ticket (eticket) provider services are growing fast in Indonesia, makingthe competition between companies increasingly intense. Moreover, most of them have the sameservice or feature for serving their customers. To get back the feedback of their customers, manycompanies use social media (Facebook and Twitter) for marketing activity or communicatingdirectly with their customers. The development of current technology allows the company totake data from social media. Thus, many companies take social media data for analyses. Thisstudy proposed developing a data warehouse to analyze data in social media such as likes,comments, and sentiment. Since the sentiment is not provided directly from social media data,this study uses lexicon based classification to categorize the sentiment of users' comments. Thisdata warehouse provides business intelligence to see the performance of the company based ontheir social media data. The data warehouse is built using three travel companies in Indonesia.As a result, this data warehouse provides the comparison of the performance based on the socialmedia data.


The second extracellular loop (ECL2) of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family is important for ligand interaction and drug discovery. ECL2 of the family B cardioprotective calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor is required for cell signaling. Family B GPCR ligands have two regions; the N-terminus mediates receptor activation, and the remainder confers high-affinity binding. Comparing antagonism of CGRP8-37 at a number of point mutations of ECL2 of the CGRP receptor, we show that the ECL2 potentially facilitates interaction with up to the 18 N-terminal residues of CGRP. This has implications for understanding family B GPCR activation and for drug design at the CGRP receptor.


Emergency physicians face numerous questions regarding proper management of patients and selection of the best laboratory test or imaging every day. Knowledge on screening performance characteristics of the diagnostic tools used in this department plays an important role in finding the answers to these questions. We assessed these characteristics in the previous parts of educational article series in Emergency journal (-). In the present manuscript, we will describe how to use these screening characteristics for selecting the right diagnostic tools.

Overall, in managing a patient in emergency department (ED), commonly the most probable cause of the problem is considered and diagnostic and treatment measures are based on that. There are various sources for determining the initial probability of a cause, called pre-test probability in this article. Usually, the examiner's experience, prevalence of the disease at the time of patient presentation, and clinical decision rules are the 3 most important and major sources in determining pre-test probability.

Pre-test probability is either high enough to guarantee the initiation of treatment, or low enough to disprove the presence of the disease. A problem arises when this probability is average and one or more diagnostic tools are required for confirmation. Therefore, our aim when selecting a suitable test, is practically converting an average pre-test probability to a higher post-test probability that guarantees initiation of treatment or intervention. The most important characteristic among screening performance characteristics of a test used for this purpose is likelihood ratio. Theoretically, post-test probability is calculated by multiplying pre-test probability and likelihood ratio. Yet practically, it is not that simple, because probability cannot be divided and multiplied by nature.

Therefore, first we should convert probability to a dividable and multipliable measure called odds. In the present article, we will discuss how to convert probability to odds and vice versa, and calculate post-test probability.


There are four ways(by synonyms,by repetition,by hyponyms and by general words) to realize reiteration,which is very important to achieve cohesion and coherence.The deeper reason of meaning generation can be illuminated by analysis of reiteration in discourse from the perspective of psycholinguistics—meaning generation is determined by the talker's psychological and cognitive factors and reflects these factors.


Approaching Qualitative Research Starting Out Showing the Workings What Counts as Data Writing about Data Writer Voice Writing about Relations Making Appropriate Claims


The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of a core-shell lithium manganate composite anode material, belonging to the technical field of the preparation of the electrochemical power supply materials. The lithium manganate composite anode material is formed into a core-shell structure composed of 80-99.0wt% of core active material and 0.1-20wt% of shell layer material, wherein the core active material refers to spherical lithium manganate expressed by nominal composition formula LiaMn2-xAyO4-zB delta, while the shell layer material refers to lithium aluminate LiAlO2. The invention also discloses the method for preparing the anode material and a secondary lithium ion battery comprising the anode material. The anode material obtained by the method obviously improves the cyclic service life of the lithium manganate anode material and is capable of meeting the requirements of the common secondary lithium ion battery and the common power lithium ion battery.


We have completed our efforts in support of the Spectrum X Gamma mission under a NASA grant. These activities have included direct support to the mission, developing unifying tools applicable to SXG and other X-ray astronomy missions, and X-ray astronomy research to maintain our understanding of the importance and relevance of SXG to the field. SXG provides: 1) Simultaneous Multiwavelength Capability; 2) Large Field of View High Resolution Imaging Spectroscopy; 3) Sensitive Polarimetry with SXRP (Stellar X-Ray Polarimeter). These capabilities will ensure the fulfillment of the following objectives: understanding the accretion dynamics and the importance of reprocessing, upscattering, and disk viscosity around black holes; studying cluster mergers; spatially resolving cluster cooling flows to detect cooling gas; detecting cool gas in cluster outskirts in absorption; mapping gas in filaments around clusters; finding the 'missing' baryons in the Universe; determining the activity history of the black hole in the Galactic Center of our own central black hole; determining pulsar beam geometry; searching for the Lense-Thirring effect in black hole sources; constraining emission mechanisms and accretion geometry in AGN.


Taxes affect the degree and efficiency of financial intermediation in many different ways. This paper summarizes the main tax provisions in OECD countries that affect the overall "tax wedge" between pre-tax returns on investments, and the post-tax yield on the savings that finance them. This tax wedge is shown to vary widely, in individual countries, according to the different ways in which savings are channeled through financial markets. The paper then discusses alternative criteria for assessing tax regimes for financial assets, and summarizes recent trends in OECD countries.


Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) have been recognized as a promising technology that allows secondary users (SUs) extensively explore spectrum resource usage efficiency, while not introducing interference to licensed users. Due to the unregulated wireless network environment, CRNs are susceptible to various malicious entities. Thus, it is critical to detect anomalies in the first place. However, from the perspective of intrinsic features of CRNs, there is hardly in existence of an universal applicable anomaly detection scheme. Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) has been theoretically proven an optimal approach for accurate and quick detection of changes in the characteristics of a running (random) process. In addition, SSA is a model-free method and no parametric models have to be assumed for different types of anomalies, which makes it a universal anomaly detection scheme. In this paper, we introduce an adaptive parameter and component selection mechanism based on coherence for basic SSA method, upon which we built up a sliding window online anomaly detector in CRNs. Our experimental results indicate great accuracy of the SSA-based anomaly detector for multiple anomalies.


By the Wertheim method, the solution of the Percus-Yevick integral equation for a system of particles with the N-steps potential interacting in enclosed analytical form is obtained. On the basis of the solution, the state equation for this system of particles is built.


For cooling of surfaces with dry ice snow horns come to the prior art is used, in which liquid carbon dioxide exits at an expansion nozzle and under strong cooling to a mixture of carbon dioxide gas and solid carbon dioxide particles passes, which is then led through a funnel and to be cooled in the direction of product surface is discharged. A disadvantage of this object that the dry ice particles produced are present at the sublimation temperature of the carbon dioxide and therefore pass on cooling a warmer surface immediately into the gas form, which is detrimental to the cooling effect. According to the invention the current generated during the expansion of carbon dioxide gas and solid carbon dioxide particles, is mixed with a stream of cryogenic cold gas whose temperature is below the temperature of the carbon dioxide generated particles and cools. Then, the subcooled carbon dioxide particles in a separation device, for example a cyclone, are separated from the gas and are thus available for cooling of a product available.


Abstract 362 Introduction Since recovery from an acute episode of TTP is typically assumed to be complete, subsequent survival has been commonly assumed to be normal except for the risk of death with relapse. However we have observed unexpectedly high mortality among patients in the Oklahoma TTP-HUS Registry who had recovered from their initial episode of TTP. Therefore we documented long-term survival and compared the mortality of our patients to the US population data. To investigate possible risk factors for increased mortality, we documented the frequency of common risk factors for poor health outcomes: abnormal renal function, increased body mass index (BMI), hypertension (HTN) and diabetes (DM). Methods We included all 68 Oklahoma TTP-HUS Registry patients whose initial episode was associated with severe ADAMTS13 deficiency ( Results Fifty-five of the 68 consecutive patients survived their initial episode of TTP. At the time of their initial episode, the median age of the 55 patients was 39 years (range 9–71); 44 (80%) were women; 20 (36%) were black. Median follow-up to August 1, 2012 was 9.5 years (range, 2.3–16.7 years). At the time of their initial episode, BMI was significantly greater than the US population (p 40 kg/m 2 , indicating morbid obesity. Although the relative frequency of hypertension (16%) and diabetes (9%) was not different from the US population preceding the initial episode of TTP, the relative frequencies were significantly greater than the US population at the time of their last follow-up (hypertension, 47%, p Conclusion Long-term survival after recovery from an acute episode of TTP is significantly less than the age/race/gender-matched US population. Although relapse contributes to increased mortality, the significantly increased relative frequency of hypertension and diabetes are important and previously unrecognized risk factors for poor health outcomes in TTP survivors. Disclosures: Terrell: Baxter, Inc.: Consultancy; Amgen, Inc.: Consultancy. Kremer Hovinga: Baxter Healthcare: Consultancy, Research Funding. George: Alexion, Inc.: Consultancy; Baxter, Inc.: Consultancy; Amgen, Inc.: Consultancy, PI for clinical trial involving romiplostim, PI for clinical trial involving romiplostim Other, Research Funding.


Arugula (Eruca sativa is a leafy crucifer that is grown in coastal California as a fresh market commodity in bagged salad mixes. In January 2016, a foliar disease developed on of commercial produced arugula in the Salinas Valley (Monterey County). Initial leaf symptoms consisted of chlorotic lesions with diffuse margins and black veins; lesions tended to originate from leaf margins and have an angular V-shape. As disease progressed, lesions became tan and dry, resulting in a papery leaf texture. Disease incidence in the affected field reached approximately 5%; however, due to quality standards, sections of the crop that exhibited any symptoms were not harvested, resulting in greater than 5% loss. Bright yellow, mucoid bacterial colonies were recovered when surface sterilized, macerated leaf tissue was streaked onto sucrose peptone agar. Five representative isolates originally from five different plants produced yellow mucoid colonies on yeast extract dextrose calcium carbonate agar and were gram-negative,...


The Orion spacecraft is tasked with taking humans to space and returning them safely to Earth at a site in the continental United States. To ensure that the crew returns safely to Earth, a landing system must be designed to reduce the terminal velocity so that, upon landing, the impact loads are minimal and the capsule does not roll over. The retro rocket landing system presented here has been currently baselined because of its performance capabilities over other landing attenuation options such as airbags and landing struts. Preliminary fault analysis and mass and volume sizing led to a down-select of various rocket configurations to base mounted vertical rockets that would be exposed when the heatshield separated. Additionally, the design contains horizontal rockets through the backshell that would be exposed by blowout ports. The trades performed for the retro rocket system led to a design consisting of four 7000 lbf vertical rockets sized to reduce the vertical velocity from 25 ft/s to 5 ft/s. Additionally, four 9400-lbf horizontal rockets were sized to reduce horizontal velocities ranging from 0 to 58 ft/s to less than 20 ft/s. This paper summarizes the analysis that led to the selection of this concept as a preliminary design. This design will change as the Orion spacecraft design and landing system requirements are modified.


By analyzing the interface information of CBTC and computer interlocking, the process of train control was abstracted as a closed-loop control model based on communication mode of train-to-train. Considering the whole fail-safe of the integrated signal system, designed four operating modes that would have strong compatibility. Through software simulation, the model tested its the validation and the integration proved its feasibility. The results indicate that this kind of integration can be available in the signal system of urban rail transit.


i OPSOMMING .................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...................................................................................... v 1 Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................1 1.1 General background .......................................................................1 1.2 Research aims, hypotheses and methodology ..............................4 1.3 Chapter overview ...........................................................................6 2 Chapter 2: Nature of community schemes ....................................9 2.


This paper provides an examination of the relationship between the current state of affairs of STEM attainment and the STEM-specific preparation of principals. The researchers argue that STEMknowledgeable principals can help close the content-specific gap by receiving better preparation in mathematics and science areas, which is lacking in principal preparation programs. As evidenced by the creation of the Texas College and Career Readiness Standards (CCRS), Texas leads the nation in reform efforts in college preparation; consequently, this paper targets the principal-STEM issue as it exists in Texas. Authors hope  to  lay the groundwork for an action research project that aims to analyze the impact of STEM-specific, collaborative training in pre-service principal preparation.


ABSTRACT This paper discusses the interaction between institutional-cultural forces and globalizing neo-liberal ideas in the discussion on the formulation of the draft of new Spatial Planning Act in Indonesia. Although the neo-liberal ideas cannot change the whole nature of the planning system, this paper shows that they fragment the system and conflict with the existing institutional-cultural forces. It argues that the ideas of rule of law and decentralization, as promoted by the neo-liberalism, should be encouraged in order to develop a more effective planning system in Indonesia.


Background: One in ten couples of reproductive age encounter some level of infertility. Identification of the period
of ovulation in humans is critical in the treatment of infertility. Success in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer has
been associated with the exact time of ovulation. Saliva is a unique diagnostic fluid, the composition of which
immediately reflects the sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, hypothalamic- pitutaryadrenal
axis and immune system response to stress. The study aims at evaluating the changes in salivary sialic acid
and Glycosaminoglycans in the regular menstrual cycle. Thus, the presence of these carbohydrates in the ovulatory
saliva makes the possibility to develop a biomarker for the detection of ovulation by noninvasive methods.
Subjects, materials and methods: Randomly, seventy five volunteer females were recruited and divided into 5
groups; each contains 15 subjects as follow: Nine years old females and postmenopausal females as control groups,
pre-ovulatory period, ovulatory period and post-ovulatory period females as experimental groups. Each female, of
the experimental groups, underwent sonographic examination to estimate her period regarding ovulation.
Unstimulated whole saliva was collected using the spitting method. Colorimetric procedure was used for total sialic
acid determination and for Glycosaminoglycans quantitative determination, the method of ELISA was used.
Results: The concentration of sialic acid was significantly decreased in saliva of females in the ovulatory phase of the
menstrual cycle; whereas, a significant increase in salivary sialic acid concentration was in the post-ovulatory phase.
Glycosaminoglycan concentration showed a gradual increase from the pre-ovulatory phase then ovulatory to reach
its maximum in the post-ovulatory phase with a significant difference between the pre-ovulatory and post-ovulatory
phases. A significant correlation was not found between sialic acid and Glycosaminoglycans in different study
groups.
Conclusions: On the basis of the results arrived at, the study concluded that there are remarkable cyclic variations in
sialic acid and glycosaminoglycans during the menstrual cycle but in conclusion, glycosaminoglycans and sialic
acid salivary levels cannot be used for the precise prediction of ovulation.


Grafting of an insoluble phenanthroline-polymer with Eu3+/Tb3+ tfac complexes creates a thermometer with good temperature sensitivity in the broad biological range.


Electron microscope microprobe analysis (EMMA) has been applied to the determination of the elemental compositions of the kaolinite particles (Mg, Al, Si, K, Ti and Fe) contained in the 0·2-0·3 µm e.s.d., the 0·9-1·0 µm e.s.d. and the 1·9-2·0 µm e.s.d. fractions of an English kaolin and an American kaolin. Particles with masses as small as 10-13 g were analysed. An EMMA-4 instrument (A.E.I. Ltd.) equipped with linear fully focussing spectrometers was used. The ratio method of analysis was employed. The operating procedures used to obtain the required high experimental precision in the measurement of Al: Si atom ratio are discussed.Statistical analysis of the results gives the estimated mean and spread of the Al:Si atom ratios. In the English kaolin the mean Al: Si atom ratio differs from the ideal 1:1 at the 005 significance level. There is evidence for a variation in composition from kaolinite particle to kaolinite particle in the 1·9-2·0 µm fraction of each kaolin. In the 0·9-1·0 µm fractions, the mean Fe:Si atom ratio was close to 0-002 showing the presence of iron in the kaolinite structure. The mean K:Si ratio was about 0002 which would be equivalent to 1 unit muscovite layer associated with a 0·175 µm thick kaolinite particle. In the American clay the Ti:Si atom ratio was 0·002 suggesting that some 12 per cent of the 'titania' found by conventional chemical analysis was associated with the kaolinite particles either as titania itself or as an isomorphous substituent.


The ascorbic acid content of date strains in Binzhou has been measured and compared.This can provide basis for the peasants to plant and distinguish fine date tree strains and a simple and easy means to measure the ascorbic acid content of other fruit strains has been found.


The oxidative stress associated with HIV infection may be important for the progression of the disease because reactive oxygen species activate the nuclear transcription factor NF‐κB, which is obligatory for HIV replication.


Plan strategies to manage the organization, ideally using strategic steps in an integrative and holistic approach. Conditions that force the entire organization/company to be able to adapt to influences both from within and from outside, create their patterns in planning strategies to ensure the sustainability of the business process of the organization/company. In this discussion provides an integrated form of strategic planning using the approach of issue management, strategy management and talent management. The issue as an initial trigger for the upheaval is the basis of how the strategy steps are determined. Furthermore, the strategic management approach by changing the old paradigm of threats into challenges (shiftng from SWOT to SWOC) is the first step towards sustainability for the organization/company. In the last part, using the talent management approach to bring new talents to face the new normal era.


The paper deals with the interaction process of economics and linguistics at the modern stage of development. All the economic models should be clear, natural and transparent for any Russian person. The author focuses on the problem of making economic terminological system under the influence of inner language laws and social interference.


ABSTRACT Birds often accumulate large fat and protein reserves to fuel long-distance flights. While it is well known that species that fly the longest accumulate the largest amounts of fuel, considerable cross-species variation in fuel load is seen after controlling for overall migration distance. It remains unclear whether this variation can be explained by aerodynamic attributes of different species, despite obvious ecological and conservation implications. Here, we collected data on wing morphology, flight type, migration distance and fuel load from 213 European bird species and explored three questions: (1) does maximum fuel load relate to migration distance across species?; (2) does wing morphology, as described by wing aspect ratio and wing loading, influence maximum fuel load?; and (3) does flight type influence maximum fuel load? Our results indicate that maximum fuel load increases with migration across species, but residual variance is high. The latter variance is explained by aspect ratio and flight type, while wing loading and body mass explain little variance. Birds with slender wings accumulate less fuel than species with low wing aspect ratio when covering a similar migration distance. Continuously flapping species accumulate the largest amounts of fuel, followed by flapping and soaring species and flapping and gliding species, while the smallest fuel loads were observed in birds with passerine-type flight. These results highlight complex eco-evolutionary adaptations to migratory behaviour, pointing toward the importance of energy minimisation. Summary: Fat reserves in birds accumulated prior to migration are optimised as a function of expected energy expenditure during migration, defined by an interplay between journey length and the energy efficiency of the flight apparatus (e.g. wing aspect ratio, flight type).


Large-scale compound screens are a powerful model system for understanding variability of treatment response and for discovering druggable tumor vulnerabilities of hematological malignancies. However, as mostly performed in a monoculture of tumor cells, these assays disregard modulatory effects of the in vivo microenvironment. It is an open question whether and to what extent coculture with bone marrow stromal cells could improve the biological relevance of drug testing assays over monoculture. Here, we measured ex vivo sensitivity of 108 primary blood cancer samples to 50 drugs in monoculture and in coculture with bone marrow stromal cells. Stromal coculture conferred resistance to 52 % of compounds in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and to 36% of compounds in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including chemotherapeutics, BCR inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors and BET inhibitors. While most of the remaining drugs were similarly effective in mono- and coculture, only the JAK inhibitors ruxolitinib and tofacitinib exhibited increased efficacy in AML and CLL stromal coculture. We further confirmed the importance of JAK-STAT signaling for stroma-mediated resistance by showing that stromal cells induce phosphorylation of STAT3 in CLL cells. We genetically characterized the 108 cancer samples and found that drug-gene associations agreed well between mono- and coculture. Overall, effect sizes were lower in coculture, thus more drug-gene associations were detected in monoculture than in coculture. Our results suggest a two-step strategy for drug perturbation testing, with large-scale screening performed in monoculture, followed by focused evaluation of potential stroma-mediated resistances in coculture.


This paper presents the calculation of a bridge shallow foundation using the finite element method together with a nonlinear procedure. In order to design a shallow foundation for a bridge, it is necessary to establish, based on soil type and its characteristics, the effective maximum pressure on the soil bellow the foundation base. The problem can become difficult to solve when negative pressure on the soil are expected. In these cases the "effective area" concept should be used, but even this method is difficult to be applied when the normal force acting on the foundation is eccentric according to both axes in plan. For this reason, in this paper is presented a finite element model which can lead through a nonlinear calculation to correct results. Key-Words: bridge, shallow foundation, soil type, foundation, normal force, soil pressure


The experiment was conducted to reveal genetic variability and to study the parameter analysis in 24 aromatic and non-aromatic rice genotypes. Highly significant variations were determined and the phenotypic variance was relatively greater than genotypic variance for most of the traits, like plant height, number of spikelets per panicle and number of grains per panicle. Higher magnitude of phenotypic variance showed more effect of environment on expression of these traits. A few traits such as number of tillers per plant, spikelet fertility percentage, filled grains weight per panicle, 1000-grain weight and yield per plant indicated least differences between PV and GV, this phenomenon gave the information of gene control for expressivity of these traits. Highest GCV was observed for number of tillers per plant, then yield per plant, number of grains per panicle and filled grains weight per panicle, while spikelet fertility percentage showed lowest value of GCV. Sufficient amount of variability was observed for most of the traits. Filled grain weight per panicle exhibited high heritability but lowest genetic advance showing non-additive gene control. Moreover, number of grains per panicle, plant height and number of spikelets per panicle revealed high magnitudes of GCV %, PCV %, heritability % and genetic advance. These results suggested that the choice for better improvement considering these traits might be beneficial. [Naseer S, Kashif M, Ahmad HM, Iqbal MS Ali Q. Assessment of genetic variability in basmati and nonbasmati cultivars of Oryza sativa. Life Sci J 2015;12(4s):74-79]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 10


In the title compound the seven-membered ring adopts a conformation such that the three atoms not involved in the aromatic plane lie on the same side of that plane. One hydrazinic H atom forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond to the O atom; the other forms a classical intermolecular hydrogen bond N—H⋯O, which combines with a 'weak' Har⋯O interaction to build up double layers of molecules parallel to the bc plane.


(57) [summary] phenoxy-substituted-1,2,4-triazolone dosage form and method for controlled release of antidepressants over a period of a long period of time, such as exemplified by is described.


Metallosis of the hip is usually defined as aseptic fibrosis, local necrosis, or loosening of the prosthesis secondary to metallic corrosion and release of wear debris.8 It has also been defined as gray discoloration of the tissues of the joint, pain, an effusion, and elevated serum metal levels. Metallosis has been found with stainless steel, titanium, and cobalt chromium alloy femoral prostheses articulating either with a similar metal or (rarely) with a polymer acetabular component. Titanium and stainless steel femoral head prostheses are no longer used, so today metallosis usually refers to tissue changes observed following the use of cobalt chromium-on cobalt chromium (metal-on-metal) implants. Metal-on-metal hip prostheses have been in common use for total hip replacement and almost all current hip resurfacing prostheses are metal-on-metal.12


We show that general systems of elliptic di↵erential operators have a bounded H1-functional calculus in Lp spaces, provided the coe cients satisfy only minimal regularity assumptions.


There are two editions of Fu Yin Bao Kan Zhi Liao(Reprint of Newspaper and Periodical Articles) in comprehensive humanities and social sciences: She Hui Ke Xue Zong Lun(General Study of Social Sciences) and Wen Hua Yan Jiu(Study of Culture).This article takes the articles reprinted in the two editions as study object,calculates their influence factors according to the citation data of CSSCI over the years as opposed to those of the similar journals,and analyzes and comments upon the academic weight of the two comprehensive editions of Fu Yin Bao Kan Zhi Liao and the important role they play in humanities and social sciences research.


Corals are their main and their abilities to a symbiosis with Symbiodinium ). The coral–algae symbiosis had been traced back to the ( ca Modern reef-building corals (Scleracti-nia) after the Permian–Triassic crisis; in the Palaeozoic, some of the main reef constructors were extinct tabulate corals. The calcium carbonate secreted by photosymbiotic corals bears characteristic isotope (C and signatures. The analysis of tabulate corals belonging to four orders (Favosi-tida, Heliolitida, Syringoporida and Auloporida) from Silurian to Permian of and these characteristic carbon and oxygen stable isotope signatures. The d 18 O to d 13 C ratios in recent photosymbiotic scleractinians are very similar to those of


S>Conidia of Gloeosporium musarum were exposed to beta rays from a 81- Mev betatron with doses from 16,500 to 830,000 r. Doses higher than 300,000 r almost completely inhibited germination. Lower doses caused, in the conidia and in their germinating forms, definite changes in the morphology and internal structure, with increasing frequency of change at doses higher than 50,000 r. These changes are illustrated and are considered evidence of a true radiation disease. (auth)


Method of managing the value of blood glucose of a diabetic user, the method comprising: performing a plurality of measurements of glucose from physiological fluids of a user with a unit measuring glucose coupled to a management unit of data; check whether a more recent glucose measurement was performed within a first period of predetermined time; based on user selection, recommending insulin bolus amount to (a) correction of glucose only; (B) cover only glucide; or (c) coverage glucides and correction of glucose, the recommendation comprising: checking (336) if the user entered an amount of bolus insulin for correction of glucose within a predetermined third period of time and, if so, (a) alerting (344) the user that insulin can be still physiologically active user in a situation in which the user received insulin; and (b) recommend (312C) an amount of insulin to cover carbohydrate only, otherwise: (1) determining (338) if a preprandial indicator with a glucose measurement performed within the third time period is set predetermined and, if so, (a) alerting (344) the user that insulin can be still physiologically active user in a situation in which the user received insulin; and (b) recommend (312C) an amount of insulin to cover only carbohydrates; (2) determine (340) whether a last glucose measurement is marked postprandial within the third predetermined time period and, if so, (a) alerting (345) the user that a calculation full bolus should be used with a preprandial glucose concentration and coverage glucides only be provided; and (b) recommend (312C) an amount of insulin to cover glucidos only, and announce the insulin bolus recommendation


There are currently several offshore oil and natural gas drilling projects being carried out in the Sea of Okhotsk. Therefore there has been increased the possibility of the ocean pollution of the coastal areas of Hokkaido on both the Japan Sea and Okhotsk Sea sides. Oil spilled from the oil tanker Nakhodka was recovered using buckets lowered from grab dredgers and self-propelled grab barges. This method of oil recovery was effective, but one problem was the large volume of sea water collected in buckets together with the oil. To resolve this problem, the authors developed a new type bucket with many holes in the bottom. The principle of the recovery method is to utilize difference in viscosity. This paper reports the recovery method for spilled oil by using newly developed buckets.


Objective To explore the effects of earlier oral-motor exercise on swallowing and feeding capability of children with cerebral palsy.Methods36 children accepted oral-motor exercise performed by speech-language therapist once a day for 3 months.They were assessed for oral motor and feeding before and after treatment,and compared with other 36 controls matched with age and type.ResultsThe oral motor in treatment group improved significantly(t=2.184,P0.05)after treatment,but merely in control.The difference of scores of oral motor before and after treatment was(9.89±4.33)in treatment group,and(3.38±1.56)in control group(t=7.423,P0.01).ConclusionEarly oral-motor exercises is effective to improve oral motor function and feeding capability.


IT would seem to be a self-evident proposition that psychology and psychiatry should be intimately associated and indeed mutually dependent upon one another. Psychiatry is the study of mental disorder, its aim the elucidation and control of morbid mental processes, and surely no progress can be made along this road without the help of psychology, whose kingdom any investigation of mental process must inevitably traverse. Yet when we examine the history and achievements of psychiatry our faith in this self-evident proposition cannot but be shaken. It is true that in every textbook we find a description of the phenomena of mental disorder which is couched in psychological terms, and often a preliminary chapter in which the phenomena are classified into psychological categories. But when an attempt is made to pass beyond this purely descriptive level and to seek the causal processes responsible for the phenomena, psychology is often abandoned altogether, and those causal processes sought in the fields of physiology and chemistry. There is clearly an underlying implication that psychology cannot offer causal conceptions of any value, and that the psychological series constitutes merely a surface froth, beneath which lie solid realities of an altogether different character, realities which can only be appraised and investigated by the weapons of other sciences. Sometimes this view is explicitly and uncompromisingly stated, without even that superficial courtesy to psychology which is to be found in the majority of textbooks. Lewis Bruce, for example, in the preface to his "Studies in Clinical Psychiatry," says: "When psychology is divorced from psychiatry, and the study of psychiatry is prosecuted along the lines of advance in general medicine, our knowledge of mental diseases cannot fail to be added to. The matter contained in the following pages is based on wvork so conducted; psychology is omitted.1 Here is a statement coming from an authoritative source, and yet appearing to traverse completely the self-evident proposition with which we commenced. There is ground, therefore, for examining this proposition, for investigating the part which psychology has so far played in the development of psychiatry, and for estimating the place which it may legitimately hope to occupy in the future. The aim of the present address is to move some way' along this road, and we shall find that our course will follow mainly the lines of a critical review, but with occasional digressions into philosophy and even into the regions of frank speculation. As a preliminary measure it will be necessary to be clear in our minds as to the precise meaning to be attached to this word "psychology," because we may already suspect that some ambiguity must underlie the flagrant contradiction between our self-evident proposition and such a statement as that put forward by Lewis Bruce. "Psychology " is indeed used in two senses which, though of course related, are essentially distinct in their significance. On the one hand it denotes concern with a particular group of phenomena, the group to which the terms "mental" and "subjective" may also be applied. We use the term in this sense, for example, when we describe the delusions of a patient and call it a psychological description. On the other hand, psychology means an attempt to explain the behaviour and mental processes of a patient by conceptions built out of the stuff of subjective


The topicality of the research is determined by the need for a deeper understanding of the Ukrainian people's worldview based on the analysis of the folklore and traditions. The current state of folklore and traditions has absorbed information from different historical times, but their comparison allows us to identify the foundations of the Ukrainians' worldview.
The purpose of this research is to find the ritual motives that formed the basis of the "procurement of a girl" plot based on the Slavs' traditions and to find the place for this plot in the calendar-ritual cycle.
The methodology. The article analyzes spring and wedding motifs within the folklore plot "procurement of a girl" and searches for the place of the corresponding ritual in the calendar-ritual cycle. The paper focuses on the typical formulas used in the respective songs, and focuses on initiation and solar bases of the plot.
The results. Solar symbols of the plot "procurement of a girl" were identified: the Zori bathing in the form of a sun reflection, the meeting of the dawn by a girl under a pine tree with an allegorical ignition of a tree, the swimming in the Danube is a sunset allegory, the Cossacks movement coincides with the sun movement, the horse is a solar sign. The initiation character of the plot "procurement of a girl" was clarified: a journey through a disordered world, a comparison of the pine tree burning with the image of a bride, the ritual use of the magical time (dawn) and the ritual use of the magical bathing water. Among the ceremonial events of the spring period, Ivan Kupala holiday was chosen as the basis for comparison with plot peculiarities. It is shown that only this holiday combines spring and wedding ceremonies and traditions. It is concluded that an important element of the initiation rite is the horse used as the Sun image and a carrier through the afterlife, so the movement of Cossacks on horseback from the Don to home was a solar symbol. It is shown that within the specified plot at the initiation time the girl is alone and needs help at dawn from the Sun and from the groom-Cossack, who is waiting for the ceremony end.
The scientific novelty of this research is to clarify the place in the calendar-ritual cycle of events that took place within the "procurement of a girl" plot. It is established that the archaic solar marriage ceremony took place during the summer solstice, and later had divided into Ivan Kupala holiday and wedding ceremonies.
The practical results of this research are the separation of archaic Easter plots (for the spring equinox) such as "Podolianochky" from Kupala plots such as "procurement of a girl". A more detailed comparison of the last plot with Kupala traditions allowed to restore the ritual actions dramaturgy of the archaic solar marriage.


A ''hole'' is found to develop in the dc field‐dependent ac susceptibility of CuMn spin glasses when the material is cooled or aged in a field. Comparisons are made with analogous experiments on structural glasses at low temperature. The hole is not compatible with independent two‐level systems. The significance of the width (in H) of this hole is discussed.


On-board, in-situ, instruments for optical measurements have been used to characterize dust discharged from nut harvesting equipment. A laboratory-based test stand and calibration system for an opacity monitor was developed. A controlled air delivery stream was used to generate visible dust concentrations that were measured and characterized with a commercial opacity-based dust monitor. Airflow through the system averaged 0.0068 m3 s-1 (408 L min-1); test dust metering rates of 35 to 515 mg s-1 were generated, depending on size classification (ultra-fine, fine, medium, or coarse) of Arizona test dust. Concentrations based on specific size ranges of the test dusts ranged from 5 to 70 g m-3 with an opacity resolution describing these concentrations ranging from 20% to 70%. The experimental results agreed closely with the Beer-Lambert expression for light extinction in a particulate-laden medium and confirmed that opacity measurement is useful for quantifying in-situ, site-specific, machine-generated and discharged dust during agricultural field operations.


Two ReI complexes of Re2(CO)6(TOB)2 and Re(CO)3(TOB)(py) (where TOB = deprotonated 2-(2H-benzo[d] [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol, py = pyridine) have been synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV−vis, and emission spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The dimeric Re2(CO)6(TOB)2 is found to undergo dissociative solvolysis to form monomeric Re(CO)3(TOB)(solv) in coordinating media, and the solvolysis rate constants in acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, pyridine, and N,N-dimethylformamide are derived. A Re2(CO)6(TOB)2-containing electroluminescent device of ITO/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (50 nm)/poly(N-vinylcarbazole):Re2(CO)6(TOB)2 (5:1, w/w) (70 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al (150 nm) emits yellow light with a turn-on voltage of ∼7.0 V, a maximum luminance of 96 cd/m2 at a bias voltage of 20 V, and a maximum power efficiency of 0.029 lm/W at a luminance of 12 cd/m2, while for a Re(CO)3(TOB)(py)-containing device of ITO/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (50 nm)...


Calcareous nannoplankton associations from the sapropel layers of the gravity core M40/4, Station 69-2L, south-eastern Mediterranean Sea, have been examined. The investigated core mainly consists of nannofossil-/foraminifera-bearing mud, sapropel layers SI to SS/6 (except S2), and tephra layers. A subtropical coccolitb association was recognised in sapropels SI, S4, SS, SS/6, while a temperate one characterises S3. A reversal in dominance between Gephyrompse< muelleme and Emilie<nie< huxleyi was observed in sapropel S3 at 256cm subdepth. A significantly lower coccolith diversity was observed in the sapropel and tephra layers themselves, as in the foraminiferal mud, probably because of the influence of anoxic conditions, including bacterial activity, or ash-falls on the coccolith assemblages. In addition, a moderate to intensive corrosion characterises the nannofossils in the bioturbated upper part of some sapropels.


Objective: Studying on IFN-γ and LXA4 expression of asthmatic guinea-pigs treated by acupoint application therapy(AAT) with Child Defending-asthma Application Powder(CFAP).Methods: 60 healthy guinea pigs were devided randomly into four groups(each group has 15 guinea pigs): normal control group,model group,first treating group and second treating group.The three groups except normal control group were established asthmatic model in guinea-pigs allergized with OVA.The first treating group was treated with CFAP from the first day of BA molding made.Meanwhile,the second treating group was given the same therapy from the 11th days of aerosol inhalation with OVA.The two groups were treated for 30minutes,twice a day and ten days continuously.At the end of experiment,we took the sample blood to detect IFN-γ and LXA4 with the way of ELISA.Results: The period of asthma induction was prolonged obviously in the first treating group with AAT and the second treating group(P0.01);The level of IFN-γ in the first group with AAT and the second group were significantly higher than that of BA model group(P0.01);The level of LXA4 in the first treating group with AAT was significantly higher than other three groups(P0.01).Conclusion: The CFAP can effectively prolong the period of guinea pigs asthma induction.The CFAP can contribute to the secretion of IFN-γ in guinea pigs with BA,especially early used in the treatment,can contribute to the secretion of LXA4 in asthma guinea pigs.


Corn reddening (CR) was observed for the first time in Serbia in 1957. After that, it occurred periodically, mainly in the region of Banat. In 2002 and 2003, a severe outbreak happened in late July / early August. Initial symptoms were the occurrence of a red-violet color on the leaves, leaf sheaths, husks and the bare portion of internodes. The symptoms typically appeared at the milk maturity stage and the discoloration was the most intensive at top leaves, around the main vein and along the edges, from leaf base to tip. Soon after the occurrence of the symptoms, the affected plants wilted, the foliage dried rapidly, the red pigmentation disappeared for a greater part and finally plant died off. The ears were underdeveloped and gummous and kernels were shriveled and unfilled.Several experiments were conducted to determine a possible connection between CR occurrence and the studied factors. Corn stunt spiroplasma was not identified in the CR-affected plants, and there was no apparent relationship between ...


The 4-chloroazetidinone 10, a very reactive chiral intermediate for 1-β-methylcarbapenems (1b), was easily prepared and isolated as a solid crystalline compound from the corresponding sulfide 5. Another chiral intermediate (16d) bearing the 1-β-methyl moiety was prepared by stereoselective aldol type condensation of either azetidinone 4 or 10 with metal enolates 14 (R = S—Bu′, M = ZrCp2Cl, , and SnBr). The β/α ratios were 9:1, 3:1, 2:1 respectively.


There is increasing evidence that phenolic compounds present in virgin olive oils are partly responsible for the health benefits associated with habitual consumption of virgin olive oil, as part of a Mediterranean diet. Moreover, it is well known that the biological properties of virgin olive oil phenolics depend on their bioavailability and metabolization in the gastrointestinal tract, being essential to know the structural form of circulating olive oil polyphenols available to target tissues, in order to obtain more detailed information about their mechanism of action in vivo.
Therefore, a brief review of the bioaccesibility in gastrointestinal
conditions, together with the study of intestinal transport and metabolism in Caco-2 cells, and liver metabolism in HepG2 cells of hydroxytyrosol and its conjugated form present in virgin olive oil, hydroxytyrosyl acetate, is offered.


In a more and more globalized context, the research of the performance of firms passes inevitably by innovation. So, the traditional analysis of relation between innovation and performance to be the object of a broad literature and watch that the critical purpose of innovation is to make grow the performance of the firm. In effect, since the provisions of Schumpeter (1943) considering innovation as main source of the long-term success of the firm, and until our days innovation remains a stake of the performance of SMES. These firms marked by certain peculiarities think they are struck in problems of financing of innovation. The research of the mode of optimum financing proves to be difficult and depends on several variables which the firm must manage. It is in this objective that we estimate, across this job, guide the firm towards an efficient management of the financing of innovation, key mailman of performance of firms.


Unsteady aerodynamic load on helicopter fuselage is mainly due to aerodynamic interaction of rotor and fuselage.An unsteady panel/time-step full-span free-wake method is established to accurately predict the rotor/fuselage unsteady aerodynamic interaction for the vibration load analysis of whole vehicle.The unsteady panel method is used to consider unsteady aerodynamics of rotors and fuselage,and the free-wake method is applied to accurately simulate dynamics of rotor wake.Helicopter fuselage is discretizated into source/doublet panels to simulate its lift in forward flight,and vortex line mirror method is adapted to account acceleration phenomenon resulted from rotor wake close to fuselage surface.To validate the accuracy of this approach,unsteady rotor/fuselage aerodynamic interaction of Maryland and ROBIN modes are simulated in forward flight,and compared with measured data and CFD results.Finally,the influences of advanced ratio,rotor-fuselage distance on unsteady aerodynamic interaction are analyzed.It is shown that the unsteady pressure of fuselage is mainly affected by rotor blade pass effect,while that of tail boom is mainly due to the interaction of rotor wake and fuselage,and the frequency of unsteady pressure is times of blades number.Amplitude of unsteady pressure on fuselage will increase as advance ratio increases,that of tail boom,however,will increase and then decrease.Increasing rotor-fuselage distance will decrease amplitude of unsteady pressure on fuselage and tail boom.


1. Theory/Practice Inconsistencies and Composition Studies 2. Critical Realism and Philosophies of Science 3. Expressivist Rhetoric and Voluntarism 4. Cognitivist Rhetoric and Positivism 5. Social-Constructivist Rhetoric and Super-Idealism 6. A Rhetoric of Praxis: Toward a Critical Realist Theory of Composition


Reviews the effort to reconcile psychoanalysis and Marxism and suggests that the birthright of this attempt is held by Wilhelm Reich, Siegfried Bernfeld, and Otto Fenichel. These left-Freudians or Marxist-psychoanalysts are viewed to have a dialectic-materialistic basis in common. Criticisms raised by the orthodox psychoanalysts of the Vienna Circle on the one hand and the orthodox communist-Marxists (e.g., Sapir) on the other hand are discussed. Reasons for the Marxist-psychoanalysts' abortive attempt and a review of the way in which their thinking (especially that of Reich) were received by representatives of the Frankfort School (Horkheimer, Adorno, Marcuse, and FROMM) are presented.