The influence of realistic interactions on the reaction dynamics in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions is investigated. The mean field in relativistic transport calculations is derived from microscopic Dirac-Brueckner (DB) self-energies, taking non-equilibrium effects, in particular the anisotropy of the local phase space configurations, into account. Thus this approach goes beyond the local density approximation. A detailed analysis of various in-plane and out-of-plane flow observables is presented for Au on Au reactions at incident energies ranging from 250 to 800 A.MeV and the results are compared to recent measurements of the FOPI collaboration. An overall good agreement with in–plane flow data and a reasonable description of the out–of–plane emission is achieved. For these results the intrinsic momentum dependence of the non-equilibrium mean fields is important. On the other hand, the local density approximation with the same underlying DB forces as well as a standard non–linear version of the σω model are less successful in describing the present data. This gives evidence of the applicability of self energies derived from the DB approach to nuclear matter also far from saturation and equilibrium.


Objective:purpose of schizophrenic patients in remission of depressive symptoms,in a targeted manner to psychological crisis intervention.Methods:HAMDBPRS scale and with the diagnosis of 89 cases of schizophrenia patients Scale Evaluation and analysis.Results: 50.7% of the patients had depressive symptoms,psychological intervention after HAMDpsychological intervention before the reduced rate were significantly different.Conclusions: hospitalized schizophrenic patients in remission period of depression is not uncommon for depression and given timely psychological crisis intervention.


Diabetes is currently affecting 30 million Americans. To combat disease onset, lifestyle interventions have been focused on. Low water intake, alongside elevated concentrations of circulating copeptin, has been linked to increased risk for. However, it is unknown whether this effect on glucose regulation is acute or chronic. Furthermore, no study to date assessed the effects of copeptin independent of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Purpose: The purpose of these studies was therefore two-fold: 1) to establish high endogenous copeptin concentrations independent of RAAS, and 2) to assess glucose metabolism following a standardized oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during high concentrations of c copeptin. Methods: 60 subjects participated in this randomized, crossover design study. On two trial days, subjects were infused for 120-min with either 0.9 % sodium chloride (NaCl, ISO) or 3.0 % NaCl (HYPER) (Study 1). Post infusion, a 240-min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT, 75 g) was administered (Study 2). Changes in plasma volume (∆PV), plasma osmolality (POsm), electrolyte, copeptin, glucose, insulin, glucagon, crh, acth and cortisol concentrations were measured every 30 min. Results: During HYPER, plasma osmolality (POsm) and copeptin increased (P<0.05) and remained elevated during the entire six-hour protocol, while RAAS hormones were within the lower normal physiological range at baseline, and declined following infusion. Fasting plasma glucose did not differ between trials (P >0.05) at baseline and during the 120-min of infusion. During the OGTT the positive integer of the area under the curve (AUC) for glucose was greater during HYPER (401.5±190.5 mmol·L·min) vs. the ISO trial (354.0±205.8 mmol·L·min, P< 0.05). The positive integer of the AUC for insulin during OGTT did not differ between trials (HYPER: 55,850±36,488 vs. ISO: 57,205±31,119 pmol·L ·min). Baseline values of serum glucagon were not different between the two trials, however, the AUC of glucagon during the OGTT was also significantly greater in HYPER (19,303±3,939 ng·L·min) vs. the ISO trial (18,600±3,755 ng·L·min; P < 0.05). Conclusion: The present data indicate that acute osmotic stimulation of copeptin induced greater hyperglycemic responses during the oral glucose challenge possibly due to greater glucagon levels.


Envelope spectrum analysis is a simple, effective, and classic method for bearing fault identification. However, in the wayside acoustic health monitoring system, owing to the high relative moving speed between the railway vehicle and the wayside mounted microphone, the recorded signal is embedded with Doppler effect, which brings in shift and expansion of the bearing fault characteristic frequency (FCF). What is more, the background noise is relatively heavy, which makes it difficult to identify the FCF. To solve the two problems, this study introduces solutions for the wayside acoustic fault diagnosis of train bearing based on Doppler effect reduction using the improved time-domain interpolation resampling (TIR) method and diagnosis-relevant information enhancement using Weighted-Correlation-Coefficient-Guided Stochastic Resonance (WCCSR) method. First, the traditional TIR method is improved by incorporating the original method with kinematic parameter estimation based on time-frequency analysis and curve fitting. Based on the estimated parameters, the Doppler effect is removed using the TIR easily. Second, WCCSR is employed to enhance the diagnosis-relevant period signal component in the obtained Doppler-free signal. Finally, paved with the above two procedures, the local fault is identified using envelope spectrum analysis. Simulated and experimental cases have verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Elliptical and S0 galaxies dominate the galaxy population in nearby rich clusters such as Coma. Studies of the evolution of the colors, M/L ratios, and line indices of early-type galaxies indicate that they have been a highly homogeneous, slowly evolving population over the last ~65% of the age of the Universe. On the other hand, recent evidence suggests that many early-type galaxies in clusters have been transformed from spiral galaxies since z~1. Arguably the most spectacular evidence for such transformations is the incidence of red merger systems in several high redshift clusters. Due to this morphological evolution the sample of early-type galaxies at high redshift is only a subsample of the sample of early-type galaxies at low redshift. This ``progenitor bias'' results in an overestimate of the mean formation redshift if simple models without morphological transformations are used. Models which incorporate morphological evolution explicitly can bring the homogeneity, slow evolution, and morphological transformations into agreement. The modeling shows that the corrected mean formation redshift of the stars in early-type galaxies may be as low as z~2 in a Lambda dominated Universe.


Objective To observe the effects of all-trans retinoic acid(atRA) on intimal proliferation,the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) after carotid endothelium injury in rabbits.Methods Methods Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits were randomized to treatment groups(A,B),control groups(A,B) and sham-operation groups(A,B).The rabbits in treatment groups and control groups were fed with high cholesterol chow and subjected to carotid endothelial injury by air desiccation.Those in sham-operation groups underwent surgery without endothelium injury.atRA was administered daily to the treatment groups by means of lavage.All rabbits in groups A and B were sacrificed at seven and 28 days after surgery.The carotid specimens were collected for morphology.VEGF and VCAM-1 were detected immunohistochemically.Results In the sham-operation group,the artery intima was smooth,without atherosclerosis and VCAM-1 expression;In the control group,neointimal proliferation started at seven days after surgery,severe intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis were found at 28 days,the expressions of VEGF and VCAM-1 were upregulated;In the treatment group,the intimal proliferation at 28 days after surgery was less severe(t=4.770,P0.001),and the expressions of VEGF and VCAM-1 were lower than that in the control(t=3.280-4.288,P0.01,0.05).Conclusion atRA can inhibit neointimal proliferation after carotid endothelium injury,one of the mechanisms is down regulation of VEGF and VCAM-1 expressions.


Introduction D.Cannadine Britain, the Sea, the Empire, the World F.Fernandez-Armesto Empire, Europe and British Naval Power S.Conway Empire and British Identity: the Maritime Dimension P.J.Marshall Cargoes: the Trade in Luxuries from Asia to Europe M.Berg Maritime Networks and the Making of Knowledge R.Drayton Instruments, Surveys and Maritime Empire S.Schaffer Black Experience in Britain's Maritime World, 1763-1833 P.D.Morgan Gender and Empire C.Hall


We combined the CAT mixture model (Lartillot and Philippe 2004) and the non-stationary BP model (Blanquart and Lartillot 2006) into a new model, CAT-BP, accounting for variations of the evolutionary process both along the sequence and across lineages. As in CAT, the model implements a mixture of distinct Markovian processes of substitution distributed among sites, thus accommodating site-specific selective constraints induced by protein structure and function. Furthermore, as in BP, these processes are non-stationary, and their equilibrium frequencies are allowed to change along lineages in a correlated way, through discrete shifts in global amino acid composition distributed along the phylogenetic tree. We implemented the CAT-BP model in a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework, and compared its predictions with those of three simpler models, BP, CAT, and the site-and time-homogeneous GTR model, on a concatenation of four mitochondrial proteins of 20 arthropod species. In contrast to GTR, BP and CAT, which all display a phylogenetic reconstruction artefact positioning the bees Apis m. and Melipona b. among chelicerates, the CAT-BP model is able to recover the monophyly of insects. Using posterior predictive tests, we further show that the CAT-BP combination yields better anticipations of site-and taxon-specific amino acid frequencies, and that it better accounts for the homoplasies that are responsible for the artefact. Altogether, our results show that the joint modelling of heterogeneities across sites and along time results in a synergistic improvement of the phylogenetic inference, indicating that it is essential to disentangle the combined effects of both sources of heterogeneity, in order to overcome systematic errors in protein phylogenetic analyses.


ABSTRACT Smoking is considered one of the main factors for development of dental plaque. Yeasts have been described to contribute to the plaque community. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of nicotine on the growth of planktonic cells and biofilm, cell aggregation, surface hydrophobicity, cell adherence and binding-related genes expressed by Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis in vitro. The relative number of viable fungal cells was determined based on viable plate counts. The biofilm growth was quantified using the crystal violet assay. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the regulation of selected genes associated with adherence. The results indicated that nicotine enhanced the growth of both planktonic and biofilm oral fungal cells. Cell surface hydrophobicity and the expression of Hyphal Wall Protein 1 (HWP1) and agglutinin-like sequences 3 (ALS3) of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis were found to increase relative to the nicotine concentrations. The results suggest that nicotine can enhance the growth of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis in vitro and influence their adherence to the surface of microplate wells that mimic as the tooth surface.


The embodiments of the invention provide a process migration method and a migratable operating system. The process migration method provided by the invention comprises the steps: maintaining process-related information of processes in all kernels in a global information table, which stored in at least one kernel of a multi-kernel operating system; monitoring whether process migration trigger conditions are generated or not; when the condition that the process migration trigger conditions are generated is monitored, extracting process-related information, which corresponds to processes to be migrated on a source kernel, from the global information table; acquiring process data of the processes to be migrated according to the process-related information; migrating the processes to be migrated to a target kernel for running from the source kernel according to the process data. According to the process migration method and the migratable operating system, provided by the embodiments of the invention, the process-related information of the kernels is maintained, and the processes to be migrated are migrated to other kernels for running according to the process-related information when some kernel is in failure, so that the condition that high fault tolerance for the operating system is guaranteed under the condition of relatively small system overhead is realized, and the problem that the performance of the operating system is affected due to large system overhead is solved.


Provided are an image projection method and apparatus based on an aerial vehicle, and an aerial vehicle. The method comprises: if an image projection event of an aerial vehicle is detected, then adjusting a location of the aerial vehicle to a projectable location; and triggering an aerial vehicle projection module to project an image, wherein the adjusting the location of the aerial vehicle comprises: adjusting the location of the aerial vehicle according to the image of an obstacle acquired in a projection direction of the projection module. An aerial vehicle can be combined with a projection module, such as a projector, and only by controlling the flight of the aerial vehicle, a projection location can be changed rapidly according to requirements, and fast and flexible image projection is achieved.


ABSTRACT Objectives: Cross-cultural research was conducted to elucidate the relative influences of culture and gender on human sexuality. Methods: 353 male and female undergraduate students from universities in the United States and Macau completed self-report measures assessing sexual fantasy and arousal. Results: Males reported significantly more frequent sexual fantasy/arousal than females. Additionally, significant differences in the age of initial sexual arousal were found. Males from the United States reported the earliest age of initial arousal, followed by males from Macau, females from the United States, and females from Macau. Males from each region reported a significantly younger age of initial sexual fantasy than females within the same region. The Macau group reported significantly less frequent sexual arousal than the U.S. group. Conclusions: Sexual fantasy and arousal are susceptible to cultural and gender-based influences, whose strength varies by outcome measures.


The aim of this paper is to examine some theories of gender with a view to use them as bases for evaluating, assessing, and analyzing gender equality and inequality in Igbo traditional culture. In pursuance of this aim, particular attention will be paid to Igbo leadership practice. Were men and women equal in traditional Igbo culture? If they were, which theories of gender equality are thereby corroborated and which are refuted? Was the political landscape of the traditional Igbo a male terrain or was there a balance between men and women? What was the degree of participation of both men and women? The paper lays down certain criteria in order to determine equal or unequal or complementary status. These include access to resources, autonomy, and power. One or two lessons are drawn from the insights.


This thesis proposes a new microstrip-fed ceramic antenna for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Worldwide Interoperability Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. The antenna was designed by using a ceramic substrate printed with a T-shaped line, which generates different resonant modes for the desired triple-band operations. Due to higher permittivity of the ceramic substrate, the antenna area can be reduced efficiently. After tuning the antenna by using an EM simulation software, the prototype of the proposed antenna was designed for 2.4/5.8 GHz bands of WLAN and 3.5 GHz band of WiMAX. Effects of varying the ceramic substrate dimensions, the line dimensions, and the nearby metal shields have been discussed.


Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), as one type of typical 2D inorganic layered materials, have been extensively used in drug loading and release, functional additive, adsorption, catalysis, energy storage, photochemistry and other fields, owing to their tunable interlayer space, good anisotropy and thermal stability. However, the application of LDHs powder normally suffers from mass losing and serious aggregation. Recent years, LDHs-based flexible composite films have shown promising application prospect in the field of electrochemical storage, optoelectronic devices, and gas barrier materials, due to their portability, ductility and good mechanical properties. This review introduced the preparation methods and application fields of LDHs-based flexible films and pointed out the future research directions.


Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)and is heterogeneous in terms of morphology, genetics, and biologic behavior. The addition of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody to various chemotherapies has greatly improved response rates and the overall survival(OS)of patients with DLBCL. However, even in the rituximab era, about 30⊖40% of patients experience relapse or progression after the R-CHOP regimen(rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone). High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem-cell transplantation(ASCT)is generally recommended in patients with relapsed⊘refractory DLBCL. In the pre-rituximab era, the PARMA trial demonstrated that chemosensitive patients who underwent ASCT had a better prognosis than those who did not. Previous retrospective studies evaluated patients with NHL who underwent ASCT and identified the following prognostic factors: clinical stage at diagnosis, bone marrow involvement at diagnosis, International Prognostic Index(IPI) at relapse, chemosensitivity to salvage therapy, age at ASCT, and disease status at ASCT. In the intergroup Collaborative Original article


This study aims to determine the accounting treatment and financing of ijarah at PT Pegadaian Syariah Hasanuddin Branch. Analyzing the suitability of ijarah accounting treatment with PSAK 107. Analyzing ijarah financing with conformity to the National Sharia Council Fatwa No: 25 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002. The method used in the research is qualitative descriptive method. By conducting interviews with PT. The Hasanuddin Branch Pawnshop or by taking written data is then analyzed and compared between the real conditions that occur in the field into writing with the conformity of PSAK 107 and the fatwa of the national sharia council. The results of this study reveal that accounting treatment related to the recognition and measurement carried out by PT. Sharia Pegadaian Hasanuddin Branch is in accordance with PSAK 107, but related to the presentation and disclosure of PT. Sharia Pegadaian Hasanuddin Branch does not present and disclose financial statements specifically. Then the cost of ijarah (Mu'nah Pemamanan) applied by PT. Sharia Pawnshop Hasanuddin Branch is not in accordance with the National Sharia Council Fatwa No: 25 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002 where the amount of ijarah fees is not determined by the size of the loan. This is due to PT. The Hasanuddin Branch Pawnshop Unit in determining ijarah fees is based on the classification of marhun bih.


An experimental system of evaporation loss in loading gasoline into a tank was built up to investigate gasoline vapor concentration of gas space inside the tank and the volumetric displacement of the vapor-air mixture from the tank affected by the location of gasoline exit inside the tank and the loading speed u,and the volumetric ratio λ of the displacement mixture gas to the loaded gasoline and the qualitative ratio η of the gasoline evaporation loss to the gasoline were calculated.The test result showed that with u from 0.512mm/s to 0.75mm/s,the vapor concentration CT1 from the sampling T1 rises from 0.34g/L to 1.5g/L and then slightly for high exit,but CT1≈0.1g/L for low exit;and that with u from 0.557mm/s to 1.114mm/s,λ is in 1.53-1.80 and 1.13-1.30 for high/low exit respectively;and that with u from 0.371mm/s to 1.114mm/s,η is in 0.51‰-3.51‰ and 0.27‰-0.31‰ for high/low exit respectively,but the η rises to 0.73‰-3.80‰ and 0.40‰-0.47‰ respectively in gasoline loaded into the "uncleaned" tank with initial vapor concentration 0.3g/L in the tank gas space.The result can provide base references and guides for the enterprise manager.


Abstract: This paper seeks to identify the factors affecting the implementation of monetary and banking policies. In this paper, at first, according to the theoretical bases of research and taking the experts' opinion in the field of policy making and money and bank experts, by using exploratory interviews method as well as Quivy and Campenhoudt (1988) scientific research approach, 36 effective indicators in the form of 7 factors were identified and extracted. Then, based on the identified indicators, a questionnaire with 42 questions was prepared and 176-individual sample size selected from the statistical population including the experts in the field of money and bank and policy making was asked to comment about the effectiveness of each one of the indicators on the implementation of monetary and banking policies in Iran. Finally, the results of Friedman's ranking test by using SPSS statistical software showed that the factors; Implementers' skills and behavioral characteristics, Policy determination and goal setting and Ability of policy makers had the most effect on the implementation of monetary and banking policies. Keywords: Public policy, Policy Implementation, Monetary and Banking policy.


Four kinds of solutions were prepared by dissolving cellulose acetate(CA) in dichloroethene,formic acid,acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid respectively,and then were electrospun to fibers.The solutions were characterized for their viscosity and conductivity using rotary viscosimeter and conductivitymeter,respectively.The morphology of the electrospun fibers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and digital microscope.Results showed that the important factors determining the electro-spinnability of the CA solutions were boiling point,viscosity and conductivity of the resulting solutions.8% CA spinning solution with trifluoroacetic acid as solution has good spinnability.


Abstract. We report the fabrication of imaging quality optical mirrors with smooth surfaces using carbon nanotubes (CNT) embedded in an epoxy matrix. CNT/epoxy is a multifunctional composite material that has sensing capabilities and can be made to incorporate self-actuation. Moreover, as the precursor is a low density liquid, large and lightweight mirrors can be fabricated by processes such as replication, spincasting, and three-dimensional printing. Therefore, the technology holds promise for the development of a new generation of lightweight, compact "smart" telescope mirrors with figure sensing and active or adaptive figure control. We report on measurements made of optical and mechanical characteristics, active optics experiments, and numerical modeling. We discuss possible paths for future development.


The practice of renewing and restoring degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems and habitats in the environment by active human intervention and action. However, the effectiveness of restoration actions in increasing provision of both biodiversity and ecosystem services have not been evaluated systematically. A meta-analysis of 20 restoration assessments in a wide range of ecosystem types across the globe indicates that ecological restoration increased provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services by 44 and 25%, respectively. However, values of both remained lower in restored versus intact reference ecosystems. Increases in biodiversity and ecosystem service measures after restoration were positively correlated. Results indicate that restoration actions focused on enhancing biodiversity should support increased provision of ecosystem services, particularly in tropical terrestrial biomes. Studies indicate that we have entered into a phase of mass extinctions 4,5, and have altered roughly half of the habitable surface of the earth, impairing and destroying several ecosystems.


The present invention includes a biologically active agent and methionine, exhibits improved stability, and does not contain human serum albumin, about single use and multi-dose pharmaceutical composition.


We conducted a systematic review to synthesize evidence of the effect of nature-based adventure (NBA) interventions on depressive symptoms. Our search was conducted in April 2021 and utilized the following databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov. Forty-two studies (n = 2,689 participants) with different designs, published between 1979 and 2021, were included. Collectively, results suggest highly variable effects of NBA interventions on depressive symptoms, ranging from reductions in mean depression scores of up to 64% to increases in means scores of up to 18%. Patient adherence to interventions was also variable, and serious adverse events (e.g., leg fractures) did occur. Despite variability across studies, research generally showed that mountain-based and surfing interventions, coupled with other forms of care, may substantially reduce adults' depressive symptoms more than usual care alone or no intervention, highlighting the potential benefits of some NBA activities for individuals experiencing depressive symptoms.


In this article, the author tried to conduct a systematic analysis of various layers and
institutions, the joint consideration of which makes it possible to understand the
interaction and create a synergistic effect in the development of various areas, which
enhances the positive results of the process of deepening relations between India and
Armenia. The study showed that external trade, infrastructure and migration can be
considered such areas: the combination of geopolitical and geo-economic views on the
issue made it possible to understand that at the moment there is a significant untapped
potential in all of the above areas. This is due both to India's desire to have a secure
infrastructure and the expediency for Armenia to develop public diplomacy in the
context of educational mobility. Regarding export-import relations, it should be noted
that the Armenian-Indian relations in this direction need a deep rethinking and restructuring of current economic ties, based on the vision of long-term possible benefits of developing specific commodity groups.


We propose and analyze an application of a fully discrete C2 spline quadrature Petrov‐Galerkin method for spatial discretization of semi‐linear parabolic initial‐boundary value problems on rectangular domains. We prove second order in time and optimal order H1 norm convergence in space for the extrapolated Crank‐Nicolson quadrature Petrov‐Galerkin scheme. We demonstrate numerically both L2 and H1 norm optimal order convergence of the scheme even if the nonlinear source term is not smooth. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2005.


This article is devoted to a study of the problems of the climatic changes during the time interval from 1830 to 2002 on the territory of Southern Siberia and the forecast of the climatic changes. The climatic influences on the possible changes of the study region landscapes are considered here.


This paper reports the first demonstration of antenna-in-package and seamless antenna-to-receiver signal transitions on panel-scale processed ultra-thin glass substrates, for high-speed 5G communication standards in the 28 GHz band. To demonstrate the benefits of g 1 ass for 5 G communications, package-integrated antennas with feedlines were modeled and designed on ultra-thin glass substrates laminated with low-loss dielectric thin films for highest bandwidth and efficiency in the mm-wave bands. The measured results for a miniaturized Yagi-Uda antenna, transmission lines, and through-package vias showed superior dimensional stability and good agreement with the simulated values on 100 µm glass substrates. The results showed low interconnect signal losses with a microstrip line loss of 0.108 dB/mm, and a through-package via loss of 0.095 dB/TPV. The Yagi-Uda antenna fabricated on glass substrates showed a center frequency of 28.18 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 21.1%. The antenna also presented a wide-angle main lobe at the target frequency range implying good coverage of signal transmitting and receiving. The performance of package-integrated antenna, feedlines, through-package vias, and transmission lines on glass substrates was benchmarked in comparison to other 5G substrate technologies such as organic laminate, ceramic-based substrates, or fan-out wafer level packaging.


Department of Medicine, avitary lung lesions are a clinical presentation of common diseases like primary lung Pulmonary Section, The C abscesses,hydatid cysts, bronchogenic carcinoma and postprimary tuberculosis. IntrapulMedical College, Surgery monary teratoma (IPT) are very rare neoplasms with nonspecific presentation, making preoperative and Pathology, Aga diagnosis difficult. Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Case history


Through the questionnaire made for Kunming Municipal Middle School teachers, we understood the present status of them. According to the investigation, we considered and analyzed the problems of the Municipal Middle School teachers from four aspects. Put forward some suggestions for how to promote the educational scientific research and the quality of the teachers.


This document describes how the DeltaV process control system, DeltaV Analyze and services from Emerson and its alliance partners combine to provide a complete and effective foundation for implementing and sustaining an effective alarm management program that conforms to ISA-18.2 – Management of Alarm Systems for the Process Industries and EEMUA-191 Alarm Systems – A Guide to Design, Management and Procurement.


Oregano essential oils (EOs) could represent interesting therapeutic strategies to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, responsible for respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. There could be a great variability in EOs composition when extracted from different plant species. The aim of this study was to chemically characterize and to test EOs, extracted from Origanum compactum, Origanum vulgare and Origanum vulgare var. hirtum, for in vitro antimicrobial activity against a panel of twenty MDR P. aeruginosa strains isolated from CF patients. EOs main components were carvacrol (71.8-73.8-47.1%), thymol (1.6-2.3-21.5%), p-cymene (11.6-7.4-10.8%) and γ-terpinene (1.7-3.1-8.4%). In general, the EOs showed inhibitory activity even at low concentration: 0.5% (v/v) OvEO and OhEO were able to inhibit the 80% of P. aeruginosa strains. Furthermore, the three EOs killed at least 75% of the strains at concentrations lower than 1% (v/v). Average MIC and MBC values were not significantly different. Similar levels of OEOs antimicrobial activities might be related to the fact that the main chemical class (i.e. carvacrol/thymol) is represented in quite similar percentages. Hence, the results of the present study shed light on a carvacrol/thymol-rich EO with a well-represented monoterpene hydrocarbons class as promising standardized antimicrobial herbal product.


Characterization of the organic conductive materials is studied by voltage application during holographic gratings formation and when the exposure time of 900 seconds was reached. The behavior of the material is analyzed by diffracted intensity and exposure energy. Diffraction efficiency parameter of holographic gratings were studied in an organic conductive material like dichromated poly(vinyl alcohol) films doped with nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate. The study includes a comparative analysis between the experimental results obtained.


Abstract : The ARL transonic wind tunnel is described. Originally built as a conventional subsonic high-speed tunnel it was converted in 1957 to transonic operation, and has been in operation since that time. It is a continuous flow, closed circuit tunnel with an electric drive system whose maximum power input is 2050 kW. The test section is 0.81 m high and 0.53 m wide. It is fitted with slotted walls and uses diffuser suction, covering a Mach number range of 0.4 to 1.4.


Whereas literature in marketing shows that individuals often use noncompensatory decision rules, existing research on dyadic choice is based on compensatory models. In this paper we present a dyadic consider-then-choose model that investigates both compensatory and noncompensatory aspects of the joint decision process. The intersection of individual consideration sets at the dyad level gives rise to dyadic decision processes (DDPs) where dyad members are in concordance or discordance about alternatives to consider. We empirically investigate the implications of different DDPs on outcomes such as decision efficiency and dyadic welfare. The methodological approach merges choice experiments with Bayesian statistical models to uncover nuances of the dyadic choice process. Data were collected using a multiphase nationwide study of 265 husband-and-wife dyads. Results across three categories indicate that both concordant and discordant dyads exist. Among concordant dyads, the noncompensatory dyads make quicker decisions that result in higher dyadic welfare. Among discordant dyads, those that restrict their consideration set make quicker decisions that result in higher welfare than those that expand their consideration set. These findings have important implications for buyers looking to maximize dyadic welfare when making joint choices and for sellers making pricing and new product design decisions.


The research aimed to analyze the effects of feed restriction prior to confinement on growth and chemical composition of the carcass and carcass components in cattle. Twenty-four Holstein-Gyr crossbred steers, with 19,3 ± 5,1 months of age and 202,1 ± 49,1 kg LW, at the beginning of the trial were used. Fifteen animals were confined after a 104-day period of forage restriction, in which it was intended to keep body weight unchanged (compensatory gain group), while nine of them had free access to pasture (continuous gain group). At beginning of the experiment and at days 28 and 112 of confinement, three animals of each group were slaughtered, and at days 56 and 84, three animals of compensatory gain group were slaughtered. During confinement, the animals from the compensatory gain group and continuous gain group were fed ad libitum; composed by corn silage and 26% of concentrate, as dry matter basis. The relative growth rates were evaluated through allometric equations. The rates of protein, fat and energy deposition in the carcass did not differ between treatments, in relation to empty-body weight gain. The protein deposition, in relation to empty body gain, was greater in compensatory growth group than in the continuous gain group. The compensatory weight gain cause a reduction in the protein deposition rate in carcass adipose tissue and an increase in the fat deposition rate in the bones of the carcass.


Stata is a set of complete and integrated statistical software with data analysis, data management and professional chart drawing, including linear mixed model, balanced repetition and polynomial probit model. This paper first proposes a variable analysis model, and then uses Stata to study the equity pledge rate, illegal regulation and stock price fluctuation of the major shareholders of private listed companies. The numerical results of the analysis are as follows:: Firstly, a high proportion of equity pledge of the largest shareholder will reduce the stock price volatility of listed companies; secondly, listed companies with a high proportion of equity pledged by the largest shareholder are more likely to have irregularities and be inspected by market regulators; thirdly, after the pledge of the equity of the largest shareholder, the illegal supervision will reduce the illegal behaviors of listed companies and thus increase the volatility of listed companies' stock prices.


Binary images can be represented by their morphological skeleton transform also called as Medial axis transform(MAT). Shock graphs are derived from the skeleton and have emerged as powerful 2-D shape representation method. A skeleton has number of branches. A branch is a connected set of points between an end point and a joint or another end point. Every point also called as shock point on a skeleton can be labeled according to the variation of the radius function. The labeled points in a given branch are to be grouped according to their labels and connectivity, so that each group of same-label connected points will be stored in a graph node. One skeleton branch can give rise to one or more nodes. Finally we add edges between the nodes so as to produce a directed acyclic graph with edges directed according to the time of formation of shock points in each node. We have generated shock graphs using two different approaches and compared the merits and demerits.


Understanding of causal mechanisms has largely been ignored in past work on science learning, with studies typically assessing multiple aspects of children's knowledge or focusing on their explanations without differentiating between accounts of factors, variables and mechanisms. Recent evidence suggests that grasp of mechanisms is in fact a crucial predictor of children's science achievement; and that spatial-temporal ability is a key driver of this grasp, helping children to envisage the transformations involved in the continuous causal processes they encounter in science lessons. The present research tested the impact of a short-term intervention designed to promote spatial-temporal thinking with regard to one such process, sinking. Children across Years one to three from a school in a disadvantaged area (5 to 8 year-olds, six classes, N=171) were taken through a three-stage classroom exercise: Making initial predictions and observations; engaging in an imaginative game to explore the interactions between objects and water; and then testing further predictions supported by the introduction of scientific terminology. These stages modelled on a scientific investigation, targeting five key steps: (1) perception; (2) representation; (3) analysis; (4) mental imagery; and (5) use of feedback. The exercise produced substantial improvements in children's performance, regardless of age; better observation and more accurate prediction; more coordinated representations; greater incidence of imagery and mechanism-related analysis; better sensitivity to feedback and increased use of scientific terminology. The data suggest that the ability to utilise spatial-temporal elements in causal inference is highly malleable and that giving children space to think and talk imaginatively about mechanisms is central to their progress. At present, science lessons typically focus on the 'what' rather than the 'why', and do not actively support such thinking about causal processes.


The aim of this paper is to apply a new mul- tidirectional resolution analysis to obtain boundaries be- tween areas with different grades of "roughness". To this end, the image texture is parameterized with respect to di- rection, based on the model of isotropic two dimensional fractional Brownian Motion (2-d-FBM). This model un- derlies many different investigations in the literature even though some theoretical aspects are not clarified yet. How- ever, in the first part of this paper, we provide some of the crucial missing links in the theory of 2-d-FBM and provide a concrete realisation of this stochastic process. In addi- tion, we derive a formula for its spectral behaviour. In the second part we describe in detail the segmentation procedure. At first, we present a suboptimal, but fast esti- mation algorithm to obtain angle-dependent fractal parame- ter-subimages, and compare its performance to the Cramer- Rao bound. Afterwards, we apply matched edge-detection procedures to each subimage separately, and finally combine the angle-dependent boundary pixels to obtain the texture boundaries of the entire scene.


THE TERM HARELIP, USED TO DESCRIBE FACIAL CLEFTS, arose from a belief that the defect originated from the mother being startled by a hare during her pregnancy. Theconcept that congenital structural abnormalities of the fetus developed from events during pregnancy is called maternal impression and it continued to be seriously discussedwell intothe19thcentury. However, it isnowknown that the vast majority of congenital structural fetal malformationsareaconsequenceofaneuploidyorabnormalembryonic development in the first 8 weeks postconception. A series of studies suggest that other complications of pregnancy, such as intrauterinegrowthrestriction,pretermbirth,andstillbirth, alsohave theirorigins, at least inpart, inveryearlypregnancy. These observations raise the possibility that women who are at increased risk of adverse outcome in late pregnancy may be identifiable in the first trimester of pregnancy, with the potential for trials of screening and early intervention. The study in this issue of JAMA by Mook-Kanamori et al presents important new information about first-trimester determination of growth restriction. The authors measured the difference between the expected size of the fetus in the first trimester, based on menstrual history, and the actual size of the fetus, assessed by ultrasound. They demonstrated that when the fetus was smaller than expected in the first trimester, there was an increased risk of preterm birth, delivery of a small-for-gestational age (SGA) infant, and delivery of a low-birth-weight infant. The associations were independent of other maternal characteristics and the risk of these outcomes was increased 2 to 3 fold among fetuses in the lowest quintile of first-trimester growth. One of the problems in assessing fetal growth is to differentiate between infants who are growth restricted (grew to less than their genetically determined potential) from infants who are constitutionally small. The study by MookKanamori et al suggests that the associations between firsttrimester growth and the risk of delivering an SGA infant are due to growth restriction because smaller than expected size of the fetus in the first trimester was unrelated to maternal weight and height. Moreover, smaller size in the first trimester was associated with more rapid growth in infancy, suggesting ex utero catch-up growth to compensate for true growth restriction in utero. The findings of Mook-Kanamori et al confirm a previous study thatdemonstratedan increased riskof lowbirthweight, delivery of an SGA infant, and preterm birth among spontaneousconceptionsinwhichthefetuswassmallerthanexpected in the first trimester. The relative weakness of both studies is their reliance on menstrual data to establish the expected size of the fetus inearlypregnancy.Theseanalysesassumethat fertilization took place on day 14 of the menstrual cycle and the first day of the last menstrual period is taken as day 1. It is possible that fertilizationat laterdays in themenstrual cyclecould be associated with adverse outcomes and this would also be associated with smaller than expected size of the fetus in the first trimester. However, secondary analysis of a large-scale, multicenter cohort study of Down syndrome screening conducted in the United States analyzed the associations between early pregnancy growth measurements and the risk of delivering an SGA infant among approximately 1000 women who conceived after use of assisted reproductive technology, and for whom the date of conception was known. This study confirmeda linearrelationshipbetweensmaller thanexpectedsize in the first trimester and both lower birth weight and the proportionofSGAinfants.Hence, theassociation is still observed when the timing of conception is known. The analysis reported by Mook-Kanamori et al also described the maternal characteristics associated with reduced growth in the first trimester. After taking into account multiple comparisons, multivariate analyses demonstrated a significant positive relationship between crown to rump length and maternal age and a significant negative relationship between crown to rump length and hematocrit. The association between poor first-trimester growth and a high hematocrit level is of particular interest. Hematocrit normally declines in early pregnancy and higher hematocrit in early pregnancy is associated with increased perinatal mortality. The association could reflect a direct influence of high hematocrit levels on pregnancy (eg, through alteration in uterine blood flow). Alternatively, it could indicate that the absence of the normal decrease in hematocrit is a marker of some other determi-


The objective of this paper is to develop a novel sensing system which can conduct continuous monitoring of a building structure and generate a monitoring report. The building monitoring data will focus on the ambient vibration responses. Two servers are used in this SHM system: 1) wireless measurement server which takes care of measuring and archiving all the structural responses and environmental situation, and 2) analysis server which conducts the signal processing on the received signals. The measurement server is in charge of the collection of signals and broadcast wirelessly from all sensors to the analysis server. Dominant frequencies and mode shapes of the building will be estimated in the analysis server from the continuous monitoring of the ambient vibration data (velocity) of the building by using AR-Model, Frequency Domain Decomposition and Stochastic Subspace Identification methods. The proposed continuous monitoring system can effectively identify the building current health condition and generate a report to the owner.


The paper takes the reader through all stages of implementation of a large project from inception to 'on stream', and identifies the principal objectives of project control.


Motivated by the original possibility of a Geographical Indication (GI) product in the western state of Para and its potential benefits for local producers, this paper carries out a preliminary assessment of the GI project involving the beans traditionally known as Feijao-Manteiguinha de Santarem – a variety of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp beans cultivated in Santarem in state of Para, Brazil. The study of the conditions in which this project is emerging – via an ethnographic field work – allows identifying its main actors and their respective ways of working, which unveil likely potentials and limits in regard to the current proposal. Representatives of the public and private sectors linked to the project enthusiastically expressed their interest in it, but the local producers absolutely lack the necessary knowledge in connection with it. Thus, some important criteria for the issuance and management of a GI seal – which have been extensively treated and discussed by the literature on the topic – must still be met. Considering the necessary requirements for carrying out this initiative, it can be said that the Feijao-Manteiguinha from Santarem is not yet ready to receive this distinctive sign.


Aim: To find out the relationship between utero-vaginal prolapse (UVP) and first vaginal birth at younger age <22 years and to identify single most frequently occurred risk factor in study group. Method: A hospital based descriptive comparative study was carried out in 200 women of age 40- 60 years in two hospitals. One hundred women with UVP were enrolled as case (Group I) and 100 women with similar parity and age group but admitted for other reasons than prolapse were enrolled as comparative group (Group II). Relationship was observed between two groups in their age at first vaginal birth, duration of labour, family history, smoking habit, menopause and BMI. Results: Cases of UVP occurred in younger <22 years at first vaginal birth than comparable group (OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.74-6.72, P = 0.00009). The mean of duration of labour pain was 30.85±26 vs 18.87±21.3 (P=0.006) hours in Group I and Group II respectively. There was increased risk of UVP in women who had family history (OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.16-4.78, P= 0.01). Conclusion: Single most frequently identified risk factor was young age <22 years at first vaginal birth. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v3i2.10832 Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Vol.3(2) 2008; 48-50


An all-optical nonlinear threshold gate based on weakly-coupled, high-order microring resonators were investigated using the transmission matrix formalism. A Kerr nonlinear enhancement factor of exceeding 2.5x103 can be obtained at the ring-coupling coefficient of 0.02. Simulation results show that the nonlinear optical threshold gate has a sharp optical intensity-dependant switching property with a low switching threshold (> 80%) of -10dBm.


A new trigger has been added to the ZEUS Detector during the Winter shutdown for use beginning in the 1995 running period. The Small Angle Rear Tracking Detector (SRTD) has 272 scintillation fingers arranged as four quadrants in two overlapping planes around the beampipe and in front of the Rear Calorimeter (RCAL). The scintillators are viewed by photomultipliers via fiber bundles. As photomultiplier outputs are carried to the data acquisition system they are spied upon by the trigger. High impedance amplifiers, dual level discriminators, and coincidence logic furnish stops to four rapid cycling TDC's which are cleared by the HERA clock every 96 ns. The trigger data furnished to the Global First Level Trigger by the SRTD on every beam crossing consists of 32 bits. One 8-bit word is generated for each SRTD quadrant. It represents the TDC time (6 bits) with a resolution of 1 ns and the position (2 bits) of the hit or hits closest to the beampipe. The trigger hardware includes programmable thresholds, delays, and circuitry to capture scintillator hit patterns and trigger times of interest. An extensive set of diagnostic and operational software has been developed. The SRTD trigger reduces the ZEUS first level trigger rate by a factor of three without reducing the trigger efficiency.


The pressure dependence of the resistance of tin, lead and13; manganin samples, at 300K has been investigated with a view13; to assessing their suitability as pressure gauges, for the13; continuous determination of sample pressure in apparatus13; using solid pressure transmitter. The opposed anvil apparatus (0-10 GPa) and the cubic anvil apparatus (0-5 GPa) with talc as pressure transmitting medium have been used to pressurize samples. The resistance-pressure data for the tin, lead and manganin samples obtained in the present work have been compared with those in hydrostatic medium.13; It has been observed that the sample pressures can be determined to an uncertainty of + 0.05 GPa at 2.5 GPa and + 0.25 GPa at 8 GPa, using tin as a pressure gauge in the opposed anvil apparatus and + 0.05 GPa up to 5 GPa in the cubic anvil apparatus. Using lead as a pressure sensor, the uncertainty in the determination of sample pressure is + 0.05 GPa up to 5 GPa in the cubic anvil apparatus. The large dimensional changes occurring in lead samples during pressurization in the opposed anvil apparatus makes lead unsuitable as a pressure sensor.A value 0.037:!:O.OOl/GPa for the pressure co-efficient of resistance of manganin wire sample has been obtained and is higher than. 023/GPa, the hydrostatic value.The reasons leading to this increase have been discussed.


Nitrofuran antibiotics, employed for the treatment of bacterial diseases in livestock production, were banned from use in the European Union (EU) in 1995 due to concerns about the carcinogenicity of their residues in edible tissue. This review provides an overview of nitrofuran toxicity, metabolism, and also specific aspects of legislation surrounding their prohibition. Special attention is devoted to semicarbazide - a nitrofuran metabolite and food contaminant. Analytical procedures for nitrofuran analysis in various matrices and validation require - List of abbreviations AHD = 1-aminohydantoin; AOZ = 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone; AMOZ = 3-amino-5-morpholino-methyl-1,3-oxa- zolidinone; CC α = decision limit; CC β = detection capability; EC = European Commission; EFSA = European Food Safety Authority; ELISA = enzyme linked immuno-adsorbent assay; ESI = electro-spray ionisation; EU = European Union; FTD = furaltadone; FZD = furazolidone; HPLC = high performance liquid chromatography; IC = inhibition concentration; LC = liquid chromatography; LOD = limit of detection; MS = mass spectrometry; NFT = nitrofurantoin; NFZ = nitrofurazone; NP = nitrophenyl; NPAHD = 3-(2-nitrobenzylidenamino)-2,4-imi- dazolidinedione); NPAMOZ = 5-(morpholinomethyl)-3-(2-nitrobenzylidenamino)-2-oxazolidinone); NPAOZ = (3-(2-nitrobenzylidenamino)-2-oxazolidinone); NPSEM = 3((2-nitrophenyl)methylene)-hydrazinecarboxamide; o-NBA = ortho-nitrobenzaldehyde; RASFF = Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed; SE = solvent extraction; SEM = semicarbazide; SPE = solid phase extraction; UV = ultraviolet


In this paper we study the global behaviours of solutions of the fourth-order difference equation xn+1 = xnxn−1xn−2xn−3 + f (xn,xn−1,xn−2,xn−3)x k+1 n−3 + x m−3 + a xnxn−1xn−2 + f (xn,xn−1,xn−2,xn−3)x k−3 + x m−3 + a ,


The purpose of this paper is to provide with basic data to set up the training program along with preventing injury during the play session. The Self Administration Questionnaire Method has been employed to investigate and analyze how, why, when and how much injury was occurred. The major results of this survey are as follows: a. The most frequently injured parts were anm and leg area. b. Theorder of frequency injury-causing motion was landing motion, jumping motion, static strength motion and dynamic strength motion. Landing motion was perceived as the most difficult motion by most players. c. The order of frequency of injury occurrence was game preparing practice session, general practice session general practice and warming-up session, game session and after game practice session. The most important injury occurred reason during game session layon players` abrupt power increase for the game preparing. In addition, the order of frequency of injury occurred time was afternoon, night, morning and dawn, and the order of frequency of injury occurred season was winter (December through February), Autumn(March through August), which implying practice during winter season with cold temperature increased the chance of injury. The most important reasons of injury occurrence regarding motions were technique deficiency, excessive trial for hard motion, body corrosion or falling down and mis-stepping, which implying that most of injury coming from motion could be prevented by careful observation by instructors. d. The order of frequency in terms of injury type was the muscle and ligament related injury such as a sprain, a sedentary, a cord inflammation, a joint injury, a nerve injury and a skin/tissue injury. e. The seriousness of injury was deepened by self or collage consulted treatment with asking for specialists` diagnosis and medical care.


the author has touched upon some questions having practical value: a ratio of a subject and object of insurance; property and property interest; insurance interest of the person as a consequence of two circumstances property interest and risk of drawing of damage or harm to property interests of the person.


The purpose of this study were to assess welfare for teachers and educational personnel by using Matrix Analysis in order to develop new alternatives by using future wheels and to assess the feasibility and appropriateness of new alternatives. The participants were teachers and educational personnel and officers in Office of Provincial Welfare Promotion. The data were analyzed by Mean, Standard Deviation, Matrix Analysis, Causes and Effects Analysis and Future Wheels. The major findings were unsuccessful welfare and needed to be improved are interests loan, scholarship for children of teachers and educational personnel, and public relations, while new alternatives for solutions are model of loan with high interests (LHI  I-VI Model), model of few of scholarship for children of teachers and educational personnel (FSCTEP I-VI Model) and model of lacking of public relations (LPR I-VI Model) which the opinion towards feasibility and appropriateness of each alternative models are at moderate to high level, and the most feasible and appropriate rank of each new alternative models for solutions are  model "LHI III" of loan with high interests, model "FSCTEP II" of few of scholarship for children and model "LPR VI" of lacking of public relations.


Summary form only given. Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. (CCR) is developing a system to couple radiation out of gyrotrons that is broadband and eliminates the need for an external matching optical unit. A critical component is a Brewster window in HE11 waveguide. This paper describes the design and thermal-mechanical analysis of the window. It also briefly describes a more efficient method for calculating the efficiency of the direct coupler.


The invention discloses a slurry filter device of a kitchen waste recycling machine. In order to solve the problems of being high in manufacturing cost and inconvenient to clean in the existing screw presser, the following structure is adopted for the slurry filter device disclosed by the invention: a shell (15) is composed of a machine head (5), fixed rings (7), sleeves (8), movable rings (9), location shafts (10), a water reception groove (13), support plates (4), springs (11) and press plates (12); the support plates (4) are installed at both ends in the water reception groove (13) respectively; one end of the machine head (5) which is arranged in the water reception groove (13) is connected with a bearing seat (3) via one support plate (4), and the other end of the machine head (5) is connected with the other support plate (4) via the plurality of location shafts (10); the sleeves (8) are arranged on the location shaft (10) at a specified distance; the fixed ring (7) is installed on the location shaft (10) between the two adjacent sleeves (8); the movable ring (9) capable of performing a radial movement under the action of the blades of a screw shaft (2) is arranged between the two adjacent fixed rings (7), and the plurality of fixed rings (7) and the plurality of movable rings (9) form the shape of a circular bucket; the plurality of springs (11) are fixed on the outer end surface of the other support plate (4); and the press plates (12) are installed on the springs (11). Therefore, the slurry filter device has the advantages of being low in manufacturing cost, convenient to clean, etc.


Two applications of the Green's expression for saturation current vs. bandgap are proposed. The first one aims at assessing the energy bandgap, Eg, in the quasi-neutral regions (QNR) of Si and CIGS solar cells, which is associated to the saturation current in those regions, J0,QNR. Values for J0,QNR are obtained from both fits to pseudo-dark I-V curves and the textbook expression for open-circuit voltage. The second application deals with detecting the recombination mechanism prevailing in the QNR of CIGS solar cells from the order of magnitude of the value that must be assigned to a parameter of the Green's expression to fit measured curves of performance data vs. Eg. The data utilized in the two applications are both original and taken from the literature.


From the economics the view,the externality and incorrect property rights were the reasons causing the environmental costs,the solution was to require that the enterprises took the environmental costs into consider.Economic instrument had higher efficient and the lower cost than the regulator in reducing the environmental pollution.The authors proposed some suggestions to reduce the environmental pollution in our country,changing the approach of economic growth,making the enterprises bear the most pollution abatement,establishing the environmental payments system,and so on.


The present study investigated the courtship and mating behaviour of pupal parasitoid, Xanthopimpla  flavolineata in the laboratory. The results revealed that the premating period of day-old virgin females of X. flavolineata with newly emerged males was 23.21 ± 0.41 h, and day-old virgin males with newly emerged females was observed as 3.59 ± 0.07 h. The mating and preoviposition periods were 63.57 ± 3.39 seconds and 4.05 ± 0.16 days, respectively. The male approached the female with its antennal movement and body language. The females were mated on the day of emergence and mated many times during their life span. Almost immediately after emergence, the males became sexually active. When freshly emerging females were allowed to mate with males after their first mating, 53.33 per cent of females remated. The premating duration was shorter (2.73±0.62 h) and the mating period was longer (79.53±2.43 sec) when male rivalry occurred during mating. Mating success was more likely when two males were paired with a single virgin female. Males of greater and medium-size had a much higher chance of mating than males of lesser size. The courting and mating behaviour of X. flavolineata will be useful in improving laboratory mass rearing techniques.


The limit behaviour of a controlled branching process with random control function is investigated. A necessary condition and a sufficient condition for the geometric growth of such a process are established by considering the L l 1convergence. Finally, taking into account the classical X log + X criterion in branching processes, a necessary and sufficient condition is provided.


Abstract
Purpose
In a variety of domains, teams represent the main mechanism for dealing with change, complexity, and uncertainty in organizations. Consequently, teams need to be able to adapt and effectively use shared and complementary cognitive processing while collaborating to deal with these challenges.

Methodology/approach
A conceptual review is provided that addresses this type of complex collaborative cognition via discussion of macrocognition and the processes contributing to effective team problem-solving.

Findings
Despite extensive research on problem-solving, research and theories regarding how problem-solving changes over time as teams develop is missing. With this review, we extend research on team problem-solving and team development through integration of existing theory and concepts from the team literature.

Social implications
This review provides a theoretical foundation for understanding and studying the developmental dynamic of team problem-solving.

Originality/value
A team problem-solving development model is described which outlines the degree to which the primary elements of team development are likely to affect macrocognitive processes within problem-solving phases. A set of propositions is offered in order to guide research on team development in collaborative problem-solving.


Purpose: To assess diagnostic performance and interreader agreement of tumor-to-sinus distance measurements and visual assessment of renal sinus fat invasion at T2-weight-ed magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as predictors of muscular venous branch invasion (MVBI) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The The study HIPAA compliant. A total of 186 consecutive patients underwent preoperative 1.5-T MR imaging; 188 RCCs were identified. Blinded to histopathologic informa-tion, two readers independently measured the tumor-to-sinus distance and assessed renal sinus fat invasion on transverse and coronal T2-weighted MR images. Interreader agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient, Cohen k ) and performance characteristics of imaging tests were calculated. Histopathologic findings served as the standard of reference. Histopathologic findings indicated MVBI in 35% (66 of 188) of tumors. At imaging, all tumors with MVBI had a tumor-to-sinus distance of 0 mm. All tumors with renal sinus fat invasion at imaging had MVBI. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of renal sinus fat invasion were 100% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 92%, 100%) and 94% (95% CI: 89%, 98%). In the absence of renal sinus fat invasion at imaging, a tumor-to-sinus distance which have calibers of less than 2 mm (5). However, we hypothesize that the shortest distance between the renal tumor and the adipose tissue of the renal sinus, as well as evidence of renal sinus fat invasion at imaging, may serve as surrogate predictors of MVBI in patients with RCC. Thus, the objective of our study was to assess diagnostic performance characteristics and interreader agreement of tumor-to-sinus distance measurements and the qualitative assessment of renal sinus fat invasion on transverse and coronal T2-weighted MR images as predictors of MVBI in patients with RCC, with use of histopathologic examination as the standard of reference.


The present study examined altruistic behaviour using broad personality traits (the Big Five) and the narrow personality trait of cultural adjustment (multicultural personality) while controlling for social justice attitudes and other demographic variables. Using an analogue version of a modified dictator game, 153 participants were required to divide a variable amount of money between themselves and a hypothetical recipient who was treated unfairly in a prior dictator game (based on results from a separate sample). We varied the race (Black and White) and gender (male and female) of the fictional recipient to present the individual as either advantaged or disadvantaged in society. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions with the recipient presented as (i) a White man, (ii) a White woman, or (iii) a Black man. A separate sample of 71 participants rated recipients as treated unfairly and as representing a marginalized group. Results showed that subscales of the Multicultural Personality Inventory predicted giving behaviour above and beyond the variance accounted for by broad personality traits and attitudes towards social justice. The discussion focuses on implications for research in social justice based on cultural adaptation and personality. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology


The present invention provides an apparatus and method for generating speech corpus, the speech library generation apparatus comprising: a voice extracting means for extracting data from a predetermined speakers collected speech data; speech recognition means, for said predetermined speakers speech recognition as text data; text tagging means for tagging the text. And the present invention provides a system and method for speech synthesis. Since the present invention automatically by automatic data collection and processing, generates a speech database, saving a lot of labor costs. In addition, shorter build cycles speech synthesis system, and convenient to update it, and to achieve customization.


Abstract In the field of biomaterials, octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and biocompatible elements doped with OCP-based materials are attractive materials for new bone substitution because they could be used to control the bone remodeling process in patients with bone diseases. Manganese (Mn) might be a good substitutional element candidate because of its regulation process of bone remodeling for controlling osteo-cellular activities. However, Mn strongly inhibits OCP formation. This study demonstrates that the sodium (Na)-induced OCP formation enhancing the HPO4-OH layer structure of the OCP can overcome this Mn inhibition effect. The Mn-substituted OCP can be fabricated from the coexisting solutions of Na and Mn. The results show that the Mn-substituted OCP-induced Na (OCP-Mn,Na) showed a 4.7° peak in the X‑ray diffraction pattern. The sub-peaks at 9.2° and 9.7° of the OCP disappeared, but an extra peak at 9.3° was observed. The thermal stability of the OCP-Mn,Na was significantly lower than that of the conventional OCP because the layer structure of the OCP-Mn,Na decomposed above ~70 °C. This ionic conjugation to Mn is a unique phenomenon for Na, unlike other cations.


Pre‐operative anxiety is common and often significant. Ambulatory surgery challenges our pre‐operative goal of an anxiety‐free patient by requiring people to be 'street ready' within a brief period of time after surgery. Recently, it has been demonstrated that music can be used successfully to relieve patient anxiety before operations, and that audio embedded with tones that create binaural beats within the brain of the listener decreases subjective levels of anxiety in patients with chronic anxiety states. We measured anxiety with the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire and compared binaural beat audio (Binaural Group) with an identical soundtrack but without these added tones (Audio Group) and with a third group who received no specific intervention (No Intervention Group). Mean [95% confidence intervals] decreases in anxiety scores were 26.3%[19–33%] in the Binaural Group (p = 0.001 vs. Audio Group, p < 0.0001 vs. No Intervention Group), 11.1%[6–16%] in the Audio Group (p = 0.15 vs. No Intervention Group) and 3.8%[0–7%] in the No Intervention Group. Binaural beat audio has the potential to decrease acute pre‐operative anxiety significantly.


Complete transcript (English language) of speech. "We have learned in 35 years that this is not basically a system for improving products--but rather, a system for improving people,..." Provides several examples, anecdotes.


The space debris removal and generation containment in Earth orbits is a well-known and urgent issue to be faced to mainly preserve the safety of the current and future active space systems. From a removal system design point of view, the more the general purpose it is the more cost effective would be. On the other side, the more general purpose it is, the less effective it may turn to be. In fact, a general-purpose removal system design should effectively intervene on objects completely different in configuration, materials and possibly in dimensions such as fragments, entire/parts-of dismissed satellites and third stages/fairing elements. Moreover, elements to be managed do not cooperate and have a complex, free, not completely known dynamics. Different techniques are being proposed in literature, starting from the classical robotic arm, dedicated to a narrow and specific class of debris which present parts the robotic arm can grasp to, up to action-reaction principle exploitation with no contact at all, such as gas plume impinging on the non-cooperative element to change its momentum. The paper updates the work currently on going at Politecnico di Milano to design, characterize and test an in between solution: a net, shut from an active satellite, that embraces the debris element, closes around it and thanks to an active box, tethered connected with the net, drag it to the disposal position in space. The problem has been deeply analysed to simulate at the best the net deployment, contact and closure dynamics on the target. Starting from their previous works results, the authors here add the critical discussion about the effectiveness of a planar net versus a 3D (either conical and pyramidal shape) net configuration solution according to the size, mass and configuration of the class of targets to be wrapped. The already implemented numerical simulator, focused on driving the real device sizing and integration, has been upgraded by taking into account damping features of the thread materials to better match the available experimental results. The technology roadmap is under definition identifying the most urgent technologies to be tested.


NEARING the end of her life and writing what she knows will be the last of her novels, the author suspects, as she has always done, that the narrative will continue without her. Soon she will no longer be able to write, her body slowly, painfully losing control of its motor functions due to a debilitating disease of the central nervous system. The disease itself becomes central to this last story, a metaphor for the alienation of the subject in relation to his or her reality, which she has explored in nearly all her previous fictions. She has become estranged from her body, still in possession of a 'cruising mind' going along at high speed while the legs 'jerk flinch wince and stagger'. She is forced to negotiate objects, gravity, other people from an increasingly disconnected perspective until she also has become other, incapable of reconciling the inner life of the mind with the body's betrayals. At one point she considers suicide, as the last remaining vestige of control; exerting the author's control over the end of the narrative. But as long as the 'brain endures', life continues writing its own narrative; just as she has attempted to efface her role as author, to disguise her presence within that of the character of an old woman with whom she 'overly identifies', she cannot write herself out of this story. Though this may be 'Life, End of: the Novel', she persists in demanding of the text, of the narrative that is her life: 'Who speaks?' Christine Brooke-Rose repeatedly returns to this question, interrogating through the medium of conflicting languages and discourses various crises in identity and representation. At the heart of this exploration is the search for the means by which the text might give voice to 'an unauthorised Christine BrookeRose, The Christine Brooke-Rose Omnibus: Out, Such, Between, Thru , Carcanet Press, 2006, £18.95. Christine BrookeRose, Life, End of , Carcanet Press, 2006, £12.95. R E V I E W .......................................................................................................


We investigate the luminosity evolution of the host galaxies of radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) through Hubble Space Telescope imaging of 72 BL Lac objects, including new Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) imaging of nine z > 0.6 BL Lacs. With their intrinsically low accretion rates and their strongly beamed jets, BL Lac objects provide a unique opportunity to probe host galaxy evolution independent of the biases and ambiguities implicit in quasar studies. We find that the host galaxies of BL Lac objects evolve strongly, consistent with passive evolution from a period of active star formation in the range 0.5 ≲ z ≲ 2.5, and inconsistent with either passive evolution from a high formation redshift or a nonevolving population. This evolution is broadly consistent with that observed in the hosts of other radio-loud AGNs and inconsistent with the flatter luminosity evolution of quiescent early-type galaxies and radio-quiet hosts. This indicates that active star formation and hence galaxy interactions are associated with the formation of radio-loud AGNs and that these host galaxies preferentially accrete less material after their formation epoch than galaxies without powerful radio jets. We discuss possible explanations for the link between merger history and the incidence of a radio jet.


−A systematic study of the etch characteristics of SrBi 2Ta2O9 (SBT) thin films in inductively coupled plasmas (ICPs) has been performed with various chemistries of Cl 2/Ar, Cl2/O2/Ar, Cl2/NF3/Ar, and Cl 2/NF3/O2/Ar. Etch rate was dependent on plasma chemistries and parameters. Addition of O 2 stabilized the perovskite structure of SBT film and suppressed the etch rate, but NF 3 enhanced the etch rate substantially mainly due to reactive fluorine radicals. Maximum etch rates obtained were: 740 Å/min with Cl 2/Ar, 320 Å/min with Cl 2/O2/Ar, 1,500 Å/min with Cl 2/NF3/Ar, and 1,600 Å/ min with Cl2/NF3/O2/Ar at 5 mTorr, 700 W ICP power and 150 W rf chuck power. Electrical properties of the SBT films were quite dependent on plasma chemistries employed; Cl 2/NF3/O2/Ar showed the least damage in the films and resulted in the best P-E hysteresis loop having remnant polarization (2P r)=1 .3μC/cm and coercive field (E c)=41.9 V/ cm.


This paper states the comparision of gas pressure welding technique with the traditional bar mat joining technique, with each technique being analyzed in view of economics. It also shows the use of this technique will result in good prospect in bar mat gas pressure welding.


Nasal saline irrigations (NSIs) are commonplace in treatment of patients with sinonasal disorders. Contamination of both the water source and delivery bottle remains a challenge with this therapy. The goal of this study was to optimize a disinfection technique with various methods of preparation, disinfection, and delivery of NSIs.


Huge amounts of information are stored in web accessible text databases."Metasearchers" provide unified interfaces to query multiple such databases at once. For efficiency , metasearchers rely on succinct statistical summaries of the database contents to select the best databases for each query. So far , database selection research has largely assumed that database are static, so the associated statistical summaries do not need to change over time. However, databases are rarely static and the statistical summaries that describe their contents need to be update periodically to reflect content changes. In this paper , we first report the results of a study showing how the content summaries of 152 real web databases evolved over a period of 52 weeks. Then, we show how to use "survival analysis" techniques in general , and Cox's proportional hazards regression in particular, to model database changes over time and predict when we should update each content summary. Finally, we exploit our change model to devise update schedules that keep the summaries up to date by contacting database only when needed, and then we evaluate the quality of our schedules experimentally over real web databases. Introduction A substantial amount of textual information on the web is stored in databases. While some databases are "crawlable" a significant fraction is not indexed by search engines. One way to provide one-stop access to the information in text databases (crawlable or not) is through meta-searchers, which can be used to query multiple databases simultaneously. The database selection step of the meta-searching process, in which the best databases to search for a given query are identified, is critical for efficiency, since a meta-searcher typically provides access to a large number of databases. The state-of-the-art database selection algorithms rely on aggregate statistics that characterize the database contents. These statistics, which are known as content summaries [Gravano et al. 1999] (or, alternatively, as resource descriptions [Callan 2000]), usually include the frequency of the words that appear in a database, plus perhaps other simple statistics such as the number of documents in the database. How to update these summaries, which provide sufficient information to decide which databases are the most promising for evaluating a given query, is the focus of this work. www.ijcrt.org © 2020 IJCRT | Volume 8, Issue 10 October 2020 | ISSN: 2320-2882 IJCRT2010040 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 299 So far, database selection research has largely assumed that databases are static. However, real-life databases are not always static and, accordingly, the statistical summaries that describe their contents need to be updated periodically to reflect database content changes. Defining schedules for updating the database content summaries is a challenging task, because the rate of change of the database contents might vary drastically from database to database. Furthermore, finding appropriate such schedules is important to keep content summaries up to date without overloading databases unnecessarily to regenerate summaries that are already (at least close to) up to date. Now, we start by presenting an extensive study on how the content of 152 real web databases evolved over a period of 52 weeks. Given that small changes in the databases might not necessarily be reflected in the (relatively coarse) content summaries, we examined how these summaries change over time. Specifically, we analyzed the evolution of "complete" content summaries, which can be derived when we have full access to the database contents (e.g., via "crawlers" [Chakrabarti 2002]), as well as the evolution of "approximate" content summaries, which are used when database access is limited (e.g., as is the case for "hidden web" databases [Bergman 2001]). Our study shows that summaries indeed change and that old summaries eventually become obsolete, which then calls for a content summary update strategy. In our approach for modeling content changes, we resort to the field of statistics named "survival analysis." Using the Cox proportional hazards regression model [Cox 1972], we show that database characteristics can be used to predict the pattern of change of the summaries. We then exploit our change models to develop summary update strategies that work well even under a resource constrained environment. Our strategies attempt to contact the databases only when needed, thus minimizing the communication with the databases. Our experimental evaluation, over 152 real web databases, shows the merits of our update strategies. Our experiments include a comparison with a technique from the literature developed for a different but related problem, namely how to decide when to recrawl (and update a search engine index of) crawlable web sites. We also develop and evaluate a machine learning approach for updating content summaries. Overall, our experiments show that our survival analysis approach significantly outperforms all the alternatives that we considered. www.ijcrt.org © 2020 IJCRT | Volume 8, Issue 10 October 2020 | ISSN: 2320-2882 IJCRT2010040 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 300 Table I A fragment of the Content Summaries of Two Databases D1 with |D1| = 51,500 D2with |D2 = 5,73 W f(w, D1) W f(w, D2) algorithm 7,210 algorithm 2 cassini 5 cassini 3,260 Saturn 2 Saturn 3,73 Background on Content Summary Construction This section introduces the notation and necessary background . We first define the notion of a content summary for a text database and briefly summarize how database selection algorithms exploit these summaries. Then, we review how to approximate database content summaries via querying. Definition 2.1. The content summary C(D) of a database D consists of: – The actual number of documents in D, |D|, and – For each word w, the number of D documents f (w, D) that include w. For efficiency, a metasearcher should evaluate a query only on a relatively small number of databases that are relevant to the query. The database selection component of a metasearcher typically makes the selection decisions using the information in the content summaries, as the following example illustrates: Example 2.2. Consider the query [cassini saturn] and two databases D1 and D2. Based on the content summaries of these databases (Table I), a database selection algorithm may infer that D2 is a promising database for the query, since each query word appears in many D2 documents. In contrast, D1 will probably be deemed not as relevant, since it contains only up to a handful of documents with each query word. Database selection algorithms work best when the content summaries are accurate and up to date. The most desirable scenario is when each database either (1) is crawlable, so that we can (periodically) download its contents and generate content summaries, or (2) exports these content summaries directly and reliably (e.g., using a protocol such as STARTS [Gravano et al. 1997]). Unfortunately, the so-called hidden-web databases [Gravano et al. 2003], which abound on the web, are not crawlable and only provide access to their documents via querying; furthermore, no protocol is widely adopted for web-accessible databases to export metadata about their contents. Hence, it is generally not possible to extract the complete content summary of a hidden-web database. To characterize the www.ijcrt.org © 2020 IJCRT | Volume 8, Issue 10 October 2020 | ISSN: 2320-2882 IJCRT2010040 International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) www.ijcrt.org 301 contents of a hidden-web database, an interesting observation is that we can easily extract document samples from the database via querying. In turn, we can approximate the content summary of the database using the documents in a sample. Here, we use the "hat" notation to refer to an approximate, sample-based content summary: Definition 2.3. An approximate, sample-based content summary ˆC(D) of a database D consists of: – An estimate|Dˆ | of the number of documents in D, and – For each word w, an estimate ˆf (w, D) of f (w, D). The ˆC (D) estimates are computed from a sample of the documents in D. Here, we study two state-of-the-art strategies for constructing approximate, sample-based content summaries: – Query-Based Sampling (QBS), as presented by Callan and Connell [2001]: QBS starts by choosing words randomly from a dictionary and uses them to query a given database until at least one document is retrieved. Then, QBS continues to query the database using words that are randomly chosen from the retrieved documents. Each query retrieves up to k previously unseen documents (we set k = 4 in our implementation following the suggestions by Callan and Connell [2001], who experimented with other values of k as well). Sampling stops after retrieving sufficiently many documents (we stop after retrieving 300 documents, again following Callan and Connell [2001]). In our experiments, sampling also stops when 500 consecutive queries retrieve no new documents. (Getting no new results for 500 random queries is a signal that QBS might have retrieved the majority of the documents in the database.) – Focused Probing (FPS), as presented by Ipeirotis and Gravano [2002]: Instead of sending (pseudo-) randomly picked words as queries, FPS derives queries from a classifier learned over a topic hierarchy. Thus, queries are associated with specific topics. For example, a query [breast cancer] is associated with the category "Health." We retrieve the top-k previously unseen documents for each query (we set k = 4 in our implementation, following the suggestions by Ipeirotis and Gravano [2002]) and, at the same time, keep track of the number of matches generated by each query. When the queries related to a category (e.g., "Health") generate a large number of matches, probing continues for it


Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) is one of the most important treatment options for hematologic malignancies. The efficacy allo-HSCT is associated with multiple factors such as pretreatment regimen, donor selection, stem cell dose


This article presents the results of experimental studies for information support of the hydraulic compartment of the mathematical model of physicochemical iron removal from groundwater. It is experimentally established that the bound water in the deposit significantly exceeds the mineral component (chemical iron) for any waters with the different levels of iron oxidation. The deposit dehydration takes place at its boundary with the liquid phase. As a result, ferrous iron is gradually oxidized and ferric iron transforms from hydroxide forms to oxide forms, which leads to a decrease in the deposit volume and a increase in its density and strength. Further, the coefficient of the deposit hydrodynamic stability is proposed to use to take into account changes in the properties of the deposit that accumulates in the granular medium. It is experimentally determined that the iron amount remaining in the medium after backwashing increases simultaneously with the deposit's age. It will lead to a gradual reduction of the operational dirt capacity of the granular medium and a need to have measures of the filtration properties restoration or to replace the filter medium entirely.


With the precursors prepared from saccharides, such as glucose and cellulose, and boric acid, microcrystals of boron carbides were synthesized at relatively low temperatures of 1500-1600°C by 1 h treatment in an argon atmosphere. Hydrothermal treatment at the stage of precursor preparation was found to be effective to form the precursors which readily decompose to boron carbides in the shape of micrometer-sized crystals. Although a small amount of free carbon is contained in the products and substituted-type boron carbides may be included, this process is interesting: precursor preparation is very simple and the raw materials are inexpensive, above all the process is not hazardous.


The study was conducted to investigate food product packaging as an affecting factor over general perception of buyer at purchasing point. This research measured the impact (overall positive or negative) of most important factors; food product packaging attributes over consumers buying behavior. Packaging attributes plays vital role in building perception while customer makes purchasing decisions on different food product categories. A sample of 203 respondents taken from total population was randomly selected on convenience sampling and surveyed using online questionnaire and social media pole. The questionnaire implied to the structured and based on 5 points likert scale questions. The study used simple descriptive statistics, correlation approach and ANOVA table for the analysis. Findings of the research revealed that the highest percentage involved in food product purchasing are female; according to Pakistani market with strong positive correlation (0.592**) between the consumer buying patterns due to the attractive packaging in food items. Overall, the calculation shows the strong positive combination between these two factors. This study clearly identifies the food items package a mean for producing purchasing interest. Keywords: Perception, Food packaging attributes, Product categories, purchasing interest


The tendency of the recurring earthquake phenomenon in the same place in an area with a high seismic level has triggered an increase in earthquake activity in the region. Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, which is located in West Sumatra Province, is a coastal area that is very close to the waters of the Sumatran sea as well as a source of destructive earthquakes that hit Sumatra. To anticipate the risk of future earthquakes and as an effort to increase public awareness and preparedness in the South Coast, in particular, it is necessary to provide understanding and knowledge of the seismic activities that have occurred there. The research method was carried out by collecting earthquake event data in the South Coast region for the period of January - December 2018 from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) data. The results of the analysis concluded, that in the Pesisir Selatan District there were frequent tectonic earthquakes, and also followed by landslides due to the contours of many hilly areas.


The degree to which laptop and standard-size desktop computers are likely to produce comparable test results for the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test was studied. Verbal, quantitative, and writing sections of a retired version of the GRE were used, since it was expected that performance on reading passages or mathematics items might be affected by monitor size and the additional scrolling needed for a laptop. Subjects were 201 paid volunteer graduate students and upper-level undergraduates on 9 university campuses, all of whom had at least minimal typing skills. Usable data were available for 200 subjects on the verbal and quantitative tests and 199 on the writing portion. All subjects participated with both types of computer. Analyses of test scores indicate that only performance on the essay section was affected by the type of computer used, and only for the first of two essays. The reason for the interaction of mode with order of testing was not evident, although fatigue may have modified the results of the second essay, which was written after earlier testing. The laptop model used in this study appears likely to yield results that are comparable to those obtained with a standard desktop model. (Contains seven tables and two references.) (SLD) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** R E S E A R C R E 0 R T U.S. D PARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office o ducational Research and Improvement EDU IONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. RR-96-15 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY igiefiuou TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) COMPARABILITY OF TESTING USING LAPTOP AND DESKTOP COMPUTERS Donald E. Powers Maria T. Potenza Educational Testing Service Princeton, New Jersey April 1996 2 BEST COPY' AVAILABLE Comparability of Testing Using Laptop and Desktop Computers


This paper presents a comparison among three of the most used velocity measurement techniques applied in experimental fluid dynamics: Hot Wire Anemometry (HWA), Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The comparison is done on a fully developed turbulent jet. The measurements are processed in time and in space, according to the different nature of the measurement techniques. Results expressed in terms of velocity plots, turbulent fluctuations and integral length, scales are compared. The different capabilities of the three techniques are discussed, their complementarity is outlined, also related to the uncertainty and resolution of the three measurement techniques.


The purporse of this research to analyze the influence of intellectual capital and capital adequacy ratio on financial performance in banking companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (ISX). The sample of this research is determined by purposive sampling method based on the criteria of banking industry listed in ISX and publish the financial report and present the data completely including data from the variables studied during the research period (2013-2017), so that the obtained sample of 20 banks. This research uses multiple linear regression models. The results of this study concluded that Value Added Human Capital (VAHU), Structural Capital Value Added (STVA), Value Added Intellectual Capital (VAIC) and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) have influence to bank performance.


In recent years, dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) has been considered as one of the most efficient techniques to decrease energy consumption, especially for battery-powered portable devices. However, many DVFS algorithms discuss the issue from the perspective of the processors only. Some researches have started to study the effects of memories in the DVFS algorithms. In this paper, an approximation equation (called MAR-CSE) based on the correlation of the memory access rate and the critical speed for the minimum energy consumption is conducted for frequency and voltage prediction. The memory access information is obtained from the performance monitoring unit (PMU) provided on an Intel XScale platform which we used in this study. With MAR-CSE, an MA-DVFS (memory-aware DVFS) algorithm is proposed. The algorithm has been realized in the Linux kernel. Experiment results show that the energy consumption of the memory bound benchmarks can be reduced from 50% to 65%, much better than the result of 19% to 53% energy saving for the on-demand mechanism which is already supported by the Linux kernel.


Objective To study a quick and easy method for getting σm- σstcurves of cushion materials of any height and thickness. Methods Using the traditional method to get a σm- σstcurve and the same cushion material to obtain five values of dynamic energy and dynamic stress according to the principle and steps of stress- energy method. Through Matlab programming,the function of static force and maximum acceleration was obtained by the polynomial and exponential fitting function models of dynamic energy and maximum acceleration. Results Compared with the traditional values,there were some errors in the polynomial and exponential fitting function models,and the error in the polynomial function model was smaller. Conclusion The results showed that the stress- energy method is more efficient in getting σm- σstcurves of cushion materials of any height and thickness,when the accuracy requirement is not very high.