The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of advertisement strategy (informational, positive emotional, negative emotional) and brand awareness (high, low) on brand name recall and change in brand attitude. The study extends previous research by focusing on fashion sportswear brands and including personal involvement toward fashion sportswear as a moderating variable. Online survey participants were divided into two groups; one group viewed ads featuring high-awareness brands' logos and the other viewed ads from a low-awareness brand. Results indicated that compared to informational ad strategy, emotional ad strategies led to greater change in brand attitude. Also, positive and negative change in brand attitude after viewing positive and negative emotional ads depended on the brand awareness. The findings of the present study emphasize the importance for brands of raising brand awareness and utilizing emotional advertisement strategies.


While Microsoft's Pocket PC platform might seem like a natural choice for Visual Basic (VB) developers, the Palm operating system still dominates the handheld market. So it's no surprise that increasing ranks of VB programmers have begun writing code for this platform. Programming Visual Basic for Palm OS explains how to design and code great applications for Palm-compatible devices using VB, one of the world's most popular programming languages. With the AppForge add-in for VB, you can build powerful Palm applications within the familiar VB development framework.


Obese subjects exhibit decreased exercise capacity (VO2max). We have shown that vascular KATP channel mediates arteriolar dilation to muscle contraction. We hypothesize that exercise capacity is decreased in obesity due to impaired vascular KATP function.


Infrared spectra of partially crystalline and amorphous samples of isotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (i-PMMA), poly[methyl (α,α,α-2H3)methacrylate] (i-PMMA-α-CD3), poly-[(2H3)methyl methacrylate] (i-PMMA-OCD3), and poly[(2H3)methyl (α,α,α,2,2-2H5)methacrylate] (i-PMMA-D8) were measured. Infrared spectra of the pure crystalline forms of these substances were obtained by digital separation. It was found that in acetonitrile, CDCl3, and toluene solutions, i-PMMA has the same conformational structure as in the amorphous state; conformational structures of crystalline i-PMMA are not present in the solutions in measurable amounts.


Constipation refers to difficulty in passing stool, accompanied by excessive straining, or complaint of infrequent bowel movements. Caring for patients who experience constipation is a common aspect of working as a healthcare assistant (HCA) or an assistant practitioner (AP). For some patients, the treatment of constipation is essential to their medical management. It is important for HCAs to know that constipation is often caused by underlying anatomical or functional problems.


The best descriptions of terrestrial phenomena pay close attention to social and environmental formations and how they change through time, and the best geography sheds light on whether such changes are endogenous, exogenous, or both. Diffusion theories highlight the movement of forms and forces across the earth's surface—what drives them, how and where they flow, and whether they change the landscape or nodes within it. In some sense, we will always be indebted to Hägerstrand, even as the speed of flows in the digital age defies delineation of "when" and "where," as bytes and bits of information seem to take on the contradictory qualities described by Heisenberg. In the new millennium, the origins of ideas and innovations become increasingly difficult to track, and what could be called time–space compression in 1989 warps into simultaneity and multidirectionality. It is little wonder that under the spell of "globalization," caught in the colonial–postcolonial continuum, and taking up the heuristic devices of poststructuralism, we draw on fluid metaphors and processes that constrain or redirect their movement—flow, flood, current, path, channel, friction. It also makes sense that we deploy metaphors for entire systems designed to harness and direct such flows, along with their constituent parts—networks, actors, actants— and a variety of claims regarding the problem of agency. Are the architectural features of the systems themselves controlling not only the flow of materials and energies, but also the thoughts, ideas, and behaviors of the supposed designers and managers? Who or what are the real subjects and "where" did they come from? These questions become especially challenging in the context of twenty-first-century China, where a distinctive combination of state capitalism and authoritarian statism collide with, and sometimes collude with, burgeoning grassroots political movements, and the latter are especially robust in the political arenas of a multifaceted "environmentalism." Both of these books engage with the intricacy of diffusion and innovation in the fields of environmental activism, nature conservation, and sustainable development in contemporary China, and they do so in lapidary detail, focusing on the indigenous, the endogenous, and the crises and contingencies faced by diverse sets of actors, many of whom are heroic by virtually any standard. The protagonists in these narratives come in many forms and hail from diverse backgrounds—all comprising parts of the multitudinous identity of "the People" in the People's Republic of China—and each activist works deftly, or at least doggedly, within the spaces made available by environmental discourse, which has emerged as the most capacious vehicle for civil society and grassroots politics in China in the past quarter-century.


Uniaxial loading tests of copper with inter-atomic potential finite-element model are carried out to determine the corresponding ideal tension and compression strength using the modified Born stability criteria. The influence of biaxial stresses applied perpendicularly to the [100] loading axis, on the ideal strength is investigated, and tension-compression asymmetry in ideal strength under [100] loading is also studied. The results suggest that asymmetry for yielding strength of [100] nanowires may result from anisotropic character of crystal instability. Moreover, the results also reveal that the critical resolved shear stress in the direction of slip is not an accurate criterion for the ideal strength since it cannot capture the dependence on the loading conditions and hydrostatic stress components for the ideal strength.


. Mature, fruiting 'Ambrosia'/'M.9' apple [ Malus 3 sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] trees were subjected over three growing seasons to a split-plot experimental design involving four irrigation main plot treatments and three subplot crop load treatments with six replicates. This semiarid production region is traditionally irrigated 01 May to 01 Oct. during which time an average of '' 15 cm of precipitation occurs. Irrigation treatments were applied through 2 3 4 L · h L 1 emitters per tree and included I1: daily application of 100% evapotranspiration (ET); or I2: 50% daily ET; or I3: 50% ET applied to one side; and I4: 50%, 25%, or 18% ET-application, applied every second day, 2007–09, respectively. Crop load treatments were imposed annually '' 4 to 5 weeks after full bloom to create low (2.5, 3, and 3.75 fruits/cm 2 trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), medium (4.5, 6, and 7.5 fruits/cm 2 TCSA), and high crop loads (9, 12, and 15 fruits/cm 2 TCSA), 2007–09, respectively. Leaf and fruit nutrient concentration was affected more by


We review some linear programming models for the cutting stock problem. We compare the models, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages.


MNDO-calculated heats of formation and ionization potentials of 248 structures involving substituted toluenes, diphenylmethanes (DPMH), xanthenes (XAN), 9H,10H-acridines (ACR), 9H-10-N-methylacridines (N-MACR), benzenes, and the corresponding carbocations are reported


A general method for the synthesis of allenylsilanes: 1-methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)allene

product: 1-methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)allene

byproduct: 1-trimethylsilyl-1-butyne

Keywords:

addition, to CC;
replacement reactions, sulfonate by carbon;
sulfonation, C-sulfonation;
tetrahydrofuran


The present paper seeks to trace the itinerary of Prof. Casemiro dos Reis Filho from his parent's origins, in Portugal, passing by his school years in inland Sao Paulo, his formation in pedagogy at USP and his doctor's degree at PUC-SP. It also stresses his highly praised activities as a teacher in the primary, secondary and higher education, not to mention his scientific production, university administration and eforts to spread educational research, thus highlighting his crucial contribution to develop Brazilian education.


From the angle of the language enviroment of "shouhuo",this text analyses the conflict between the politics culture and rural culture and the writer's cultural positions.


It is generally known that the effect of environment quality on
comfort and productivity has to be studied. In recent years the
needs of building performance and productivity improvement have
been increasing. Presented research study was carried out
within the national research project concerning to
environmental quality and occupants productivity, Indoor air
quality was introduced by carbon dioxide concentration, total
volatile organic compounds, odor intensity and air
acceptability. The experiments were conducted in model room.
The positive effect of perceived environmental comfort to
perfomance and productivity of occupants is generally expected.
The odor intensity and indoor air acceptability were assessed
by a sensory panel. The range of subjective microclimate
comfort as well as indoor air quality impact is studied in this
paper. The pollution from building as well as the pollution
from occupancy was respected. The objective of the present
study is to exted knowledge of the poor indoor air quality
effects on performance and productivity.


Solid-state processing for the preparation of poly(p-phenylenesulfide) (PPS-) based nano-composites having finely dispersed layered fillers was conducted. The mixture of PPS and organically modified layered filler (OMLF) (95/5 wt./ wt.) was subjected to the processing using thermostated hotpress at 150 °C, below T m of PPS (i.e., PPS is still at the solid-state), and applying pressures of 33 MPa for 30 s. The mixture exhibited disorder and delaminated layer structure with the thickness of 10-20 nm into the PPS matrix. In contrast, a nanocomposite prepared by melt compounding at 300 °C for 3 min showed large stacked silicate layers in the PPS matrix. The processing led to delamination of the silicate layers and attained the discrete dispersion.


Metal hydrides are broadly investigated, for more than three decades, towards its application for cooling and heating applications. As a continuation of those works, in the present study, authors have investigated the performance of a multi-stage sorption heat pump for multiple cooling and heating outputs. The metal hydrides selected for the present study are Ti0.98Zr0.02V0.43Fe0.09Cr0.05Mn1.5, MmNi4.7Al0.3, LaNi4.8Al0.2 and Zr0.9Ti0.1 Cr0.9Fe1.1, with the operating temperature range as 20°C for cooling output, 45°C for heating output and 140°C for heat supply. The system produces three cooling and four heating outputs with only one heat input. The performance of the system is investigated, via finite volume approach, in terms of hydrogen interaction within the coupled beds, bed temperature variations and heat interactions during hydrogen transfer processes. The minimum temperature observed during the cooling process is 0.5°C, whereas the maximum temperature observed during the heating process is 60°C, which shows that the obtained temperature is capable of space air-conditioning. On the other hand, the maximum cooling and heating outputs, at a particular instant of time, are estimated at 361 W and 402 W, respectively with a heat supply of 23 W.


The present invention relates to pharmaceutical dosage forms that allow controlled and / or targeted delivery of active agents to selected regions of the human or animal gastrointestinal tract. The pharmaceutical dosage form of the present invention preferably comprises the active substance N- (2- (2-phthalimidoethoxy) -acetyl) -L-alanyl-D-glutamic acid, which is referred to as LK423. Disclosed are methods for treating chronic inflammatory diseases of the human and / or animal gastrointestinal tract by using the pharmaceutical dosage forms of the present invention.


The possibility of application of starch hydrolysate was studied to improve the storage stability and physical property of low calorie sweetener composition including aspartame for yogurt. The effect of starch hydrolysate on the storage stability was determined by the quick accelerated storage test. Codrying of aspartame with starch hydrolysate was tested to improve the solubility of aspartame based on factorial experimental design. Application of starch hydrolysate with low dextrose equivalent (DE) and tertiary calcium phosphate improved the storage stability of low calorie sweetener using aspartame. Starch hydrolysate with the lower content of monosaccharide and disaccharide had excellent improvement effect on storagestability of this newly developed sweetener compound. The optimum spray drying condition which satisfied good solubility and bulkiness was established. The reason why the codrying of aspartame with starch hydrolysate improved the solubility of aspartame was discussed. Codried compound of aspartame and starch hydrolysate, prepared according to optimum spray drying condition, showed ag ood solubility and anappropriate bulk density. And this powder blended low calorie sweetener composition with fruit powder has undergone no significant deterioration after 2 years ambient storage.


The reaction of intromolecular dehydration of crude hydroxyethyl\|piperzine to synthesis triethylenediamine was studied in this paper. A series of catalysts were chosen,prepared and examined. Reaction parameters including influencing temperature,space velocity,and concentration were optimize. Thus,when SrHOP\-4 containing Ba 2+ was empolyed as catalyst,the concentration of crude hydroxyethyl\|piperazine was 60%,the space velocity of raw material gas was 2 000 h -1 and under 360℃,the conversation of the material reached up to 100% and the selectivity of triethylenediamine is above 90%. After distillation and recrystallization of the obtained reaction mixture the purity was over 99%.


change. This has weakened the ability of the centre-left in countries ranging from Poland to Bulgaria to mobilize a consistent voter base. In Western Europe, the book presents case studies of the Nordic countries (with some focus on Sweden), the UK and France. The chapter on the Nordic experience by Pontusson strongly suggests that, however ironic in light of the travails of the Social Democrats in Sweden, it is certainly not a decline in the attraction of the social democratic policy regime that accounts for the mixed electoral fortunes of parties in the region. The chapters on France and the UK have a more political and electoral focus, assessing the strategy and policies of the French Socialists and New Labour over the past twenty years. Both chapters end on a somewhat pessimistic note, as (at the time of writing, at least) both parties, for different reasons, appeared to have certain ideological and structural impediments to an electoral resurgence. The book is also noteworthy for the inclusion of chapters on the policy challenges presented by immigration and 'new social risks'. Immigration presents social democrats with a challenge between the defence of universal rights and domestic constituents' economic welfare, although the author (Perez) rightly points out the variance in national conditions. Jenson's chapter is on how Sweden, the UK and Germany, representing three models of welfare regimes, have responded to new social risks associated with family poverty and labour market exclusion, among many others, and how their response differed according to their traditional treatment of the old social risks of poverty and unemployment. A chapter on the impact of the EU on social democratic parties – a mixed fortune by any standard – by Ross rounds off the book, and the editors summarize well the material presented in a concluding chapter. This book makes for an informative and timely, if sobering, read, especially for those centre-left parties in opposition. Not only is the path back to power uncertain, but the policy challenges and ability to provide something distinctly social democratic in many areas, constrained by globalization and European integration, are immense. One consideration that I found missing in this volume is attention to the 'left of the left', that is, those parties which have found a niche to the left of social democrats and, in some cases, have often appeared serious contenders in structuring the vote for the left in general, and can therefore influence the ability of social democrats to return to power. I refer to Sweden, Denmark, The Netherlands, and perhaps also to Germany, where the Greens and Die Linke have complicated the German Social Democrats' electoral and coalition strategy.


The article recovers a forgotten book on the Spanish Civil War written by "Wing" (one of the pseudonyms of Luis Alfredo Sciutto), a Uruguayan sports journalist who, after reporting on the Berlin Olympics, was sent to Spain as war correspondent for the newspaper El Pueblo. Wing was a witness to the battle for Irun from the border at Hendaye, worked as a journalist in nationalist Spain for seven weeks and spent more than a month in republican jails. Una aventura en Espana narrates these experiences as a process of learning and discovery. As in all the best eye-witness accounts of the civil war, the ideological and spiritual evolution of the author emerges from the confrontation of his ideas and beliefs with his first-hand experience.


JP ch noises'' that led to dismissal from school and church. Symptoms were described though frequently triggered by ingestion of fluids. She further reported intermittent ''bird-like'' noises from her larynx concomitant with deep inspiration with no subsequent belching. She experienced progressive daytime abdominal distension but had no other complaints. The patient suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder after witnessing a homicide and enduring physical and sexual abuse and has recently suffered from bullying by school peers. She required inpatient psychiatric hospitalization for self-harm and auditory and visual hallucinations and is presently followed by a psychiatrist. Physical examination was unremarkable. The patient was given water followed within seconds by rhythmic anteroposterior movements of her abdominal wall, audible borborygmi, and sounds of liquid sloshing back and forth. She was asked to sing, and sounds and abdominal wall contractions ceased immediately but reoccurred when singing was interrupted.


Aiming at the problems of low working pressure and small output flux in gas piezoelectric valve,a nozzle flapper valve based on piezoelectric stacks was designed.The flexure hinge flapper was designed and dynamic analysis was performed,and the maximum flux was evaluated.Some experimental investigation was performed.The results show the designed valve has the characteristic of faster response,high working pressure and large output flux.


: Over the last 10 years, students and professors at German universities have intensely discussed the implementation of the controversial Civil Clauses. In light of a welldocumented expansion of military research at German state universities, the pros and cons of this political instrument at universities should be discussed within an ethical framework. For the Civil Clause to be viable and to be seen as a means for selfassurance, an 'ethos of epistemic rationality' and a welldefined 'ethos of scientific responsibility' is as much necessary as the consideration of criteria like transparency and the implementation of ethical review committees.


Antibacterial properties of methanol extract of Argyreia argentea stem was studied on Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria by disc diffusion method. The extract showed zone of inhibition against Gram positive bacteria ( Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, B. megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus ) and Gram negative bacteria [ E. Coli, Salmonella typhae, S. paratyphae, Pseudomonous sp. (I), Pseudomonous sp. (II) and Shigella sonnei ]. In addition, the extract was found effective against some fungi like Aspergillus flavous, Fusarium equiseti, Altenaria alternate, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum corphori .


AbstractAmphibians are exposed to a number of negative factors in urban areas and the influence of a specific variable can vary among different ecological systems. This study provides information o...


Four novel N-(2-aminophenyl)-2-quinazolinone-acetamide hydrochloride(1∶1)were synthesized through nucleophilic substitution,hydrogenation and acidification.The nucleophilic substitution was reacted between 2-bromo-N-(2-nitrophenyl)acetamide and various substituted quinazolinone under the catalysis of NaH.Among them,2-bromo-N-(2-nitrophenyl)acetamide was synthesized by a reaction between acetyl chloride and o-nitroaniline.And the substituted quinazolinone was synthesized by using aminobenzoic acid and formamide.The structures of these compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR,IR spectra and HRMS.


Hearing improvement assessment in patients with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (ISSNHL) is complex. Methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of ISSNHL therapy do not include variety of PTA (Pure Tone Audiometry) curves. The aim of this paper is to assess usefulness of Multi-Frequency Hearing Improvement Analysis (MHIA) as an alternative method employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ISSNHL treatment.Medical records of 218 patients with ISSNHL were statistically analysed in a retrospective study with regard to PTA results. Achieved results were compared using the following methods: Siegel's criteria, Wilson's criteria, and MHIA.The analysis based on Siegel's criteria, which concerned the effectiveness of therapy, was as follows: complete recovery: 94 (43,1%), partial recovery: 20 (9,2%), slight recovery: 17 (7,8%), no recovery: 87 (39,9%). The MHIA analysis revealed the following weighted arithmetic mean recovery rate: Air Conduction and Bone Conduction respectively – complete recovery (23,5%; 43,14%), partial recovery: (9,12%; 20,51%); slight recovery (6,65%; 7,4%), no recovery (68,36%; 54,98%).MHIA corrects the overestimation of complete recovery rate based on Siegel's criteria. Using mean auditory threshold stimulus as a baseline to evaluate hearing improvement in studies could distort the interpretation of research findings. Clinical features and usability of MHIA in diverse groups of patients require further studies.


It is known that Eritadenine in Shii-ta-ke mushroom markedly reduces plasma cholesterol level in rats. In this paper, 14C-Eritadenine was synthesized and the incorporation of this substance into rats was investigated. The results obtained were as follows: (1) After oral administration of 14C-Eritadenine, it was found that the most of Eritadenine were excreted into feces, however, a part was absorbed and found mainly in liver. (2) Liver was fractionated by ultracentrifugation and it was observed that a rapid incorporation of Eritadenine into supernatant and followed by microsomes and mitochondria in the order. (3) Amounts of incorporated cholesterol into intestinal wall after oral administration of 14Ccholesterol were same among Shii-ta-ke and control groups. (4) Plasma cholesterol reducing effect of Eritadenine by intraperitoneal injection was also observed. The results with previous paper1) indicate that one of the hypocholesterolemic activity of Eritadenine would be due to the inhibition of lipoprotein formation in liver. (Received October 20, 1975)


Purpose: This work compares posterior retinotomy vs perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) for subretinal fluid (SRF) drainage during pars plana vitrectomy for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Methods: In this large, multicenter, retrospective comparative study, 2620 patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy (with or without scleral buckle) for uncomplicated RRD. Patients for whom SRF was drained via the primary break without retinotomy or PFCL were excluded; those who required both retinotomy and PFCL were similarly excluded. Remaining patients were separated into "retinotomy" and "PFCL" cohorts. Subgroup analysis was conducted for macula-on and macula-off subgroups. Postoperative outcomes were analyzed and compared. Results: A total of 760 eyes (82.7%) had retinotomy and 159 eyes (17.3%) had PFCL for drainage of SRF, and baseline characteristics between the 2 groups were similar. Postoperative analysis showed similar outcomes between the retinotomy and PFCL cohorts, including final visual acuity (P = .19), redetachment rate (P = .30), anatomic success (P = .28), presence of postoperative epiretinal membrane (P = .75), and other macular pathologies (P > .99). Subgroup analysis yielded similar outcomes for macula-on and macula-off subgroups. Postoperative presence of retained PFCL was 2.4%, possibly a factor in the slightly higher number of subsequent surgical procedures (P = .03) in the PFCL cohort. Conclusions: Postoperative outcomes for retinotomy vs PFCL during RRD repair are comparable, aside from slightly greater number of subsequent surgical procedures needed in the PFCL cohort. Our analysis suggests both techniques are reasonable tools in the repair of macula-on or macula-off RRD.


Abstract Chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still one of the major reasons for liver related mortality and morbidity all around the world. This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between the immune system activation and presence, as well as progression, of hepatitis B infection by monitoring the tryptophan degradation and serum neopterin levels in patients with HBV. 110 patients with HBV and 23 healthy subjects were included in the study. The patients had significantly higher neopterin levels and increased kynurenine to tryptophan ratios, which were most probably due to enhanced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity compared to healthy control. A strong positive correlation was found between neopterin levels and IDO activity in patient group. Neopterin levels and IDO activity were markedly increased in patients with histological activity index (HAI) ≥4 compared to HAI<4, and a significant correlation was found between neopterin and HAI. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between albumin levels and IDO activity in HBV patients. These findings suggest that tryptophan degradation results from IFN-γ-induced IDO activation, likewise depletion of albumin synthesis in HBV patients may result from diminished tryptophan availability. In conclusion, based on the study results, serum neopterin levels and IDO activity could provide additional immunological information for monitoring liver histological activity and can be used as prognostic markers in HBV disease.


SCOMA Prosthetic Hand is a robotic hand that can give to the patient the ability to resume a good part of their daily activities. It is not only designed to resume daily activities, but also to improve the mental health of the patient. Worldwide, each year the number of amputees increases from 150,000 to 200,000 in which 30% of these amputees have suffered an upper limb amputation but only between 27% and 44% of them use arm prostheses. There are many reasons behind this, but some aspects to consider about existing prostheses are: uncomfortable, very expensive, have a robotic appearance, or need invasive procedures to fit patients. In our proposal we used the mechatronic design methodology and the data from the Amputee Coalition to create a new hand prosthesis. We analyzed it through different studies such as SWOT diagrams, quality matrix, goal tree and pairwise comparison matrix and simulation tests. In addition, we tested a 3D printing to find a suitable design and the most assertive components. By building the robotic hand with cheaper, more common components and limited functions, we can offer to the patients a comfortable prosthesis and a new more realistic option than those offer on the market. This prosthesis have limited functions but can be accessible to many people and the design could be improved in the future easily.


This study employs the CRM measurement model to the context of customer relationship management (CRM). It is aimed at indirectly examining the relationships between various resources of CRM and business performance. Additionally, this study is aimed at contributing to marketing research by placing an emphasis on CRM technology and their impact on performance. Through collecting secondary data, the direct and indirect effects of CRM resources and capabilities on business performance are examined within a sample of 6 case companies in the UK grocery market during 2015~2017. Additional measure of CRM capability is aggregated into the firm level to examine its relationship with their corporate performance. Furthermore, capability is categorized through defining the intention of initiating CRM programme. The results find a positive relationship between both CRM resources and their capabilities and performance. Besides, interactive capability is most essential for companies to enhance their CRM. Lastly, the interaction between technology and other resource is significantly associated with business performance. Managers may improve their CRM programs and eliminate side effects more effectively by concentrating on one type of resource to strengthen their most common CRM capability. This paper bridges significant gaps in the current literature through combining RBV and DC perspective, meanwhile, taking a capability view of CRM. Under a contemporary CRM measurement model, it examines how the possession of important CRM resource influences business performance in UK supermarket.


This paper presents the recycling possibility of irradiated alanine dosimeter via annealing methods. The alanine samples were irradiated under 10 MeV electron beam with the doses of 10, 30, and 60 kGy. The samples were stored in an oven with the different temperature and time. The fading effects of the EPR signal of the alanine samples were investigated, and the optimum time and temperature were found. Furthermore, the calibration curves have been drawn for the annealed samples. The stability of annealed alanine has also been examined. The results show that the optimum annealing time and temperature are 30 min and 200 °C, respectively. On the other hand, it was obvious that the obtained results were independent of the radiation dose.


Disclosed is a platelet aggregation inhibiting and antithrombotic activity, process for the preparation of ticlopidine and clopidogrel. A ticlopidine and clopidogrel are easily manufactured by reacting a substituted thiophene derivative and 2-chlorobenzylamine derivative.


Dear editor, As clinicians responsible for delivering secondary and tertiary paediatric and neonatal healthcare, our number one priority is providing the best possible care to our patients. We fully support the new children's hospital on a campus shared with St James's Hospital and we are working towards the delivery of healthcare services on this single academic medical campus which will provide paediatric, adult and maternity services. The delivery of these services side by side, on a research-intensive campus, will benefit all of our patients, but in particular will drive improved clinical outcomes for the sickest children, adolescents, new-borns and high risk mothers. This 'tri-location' model of healthcare delivery is recognised as best practice internationally and, as clinicians, we are greatly excited about the bringing together of our services on one campus.


Steve James's 'Life Itself' is an infectiously warm account of the career of the late Pulitzer prize winning US film critic Roger Ebert, charting his near 50-year relationship with the 'Chicago Sun-Times', his pioneering work on television and his enthusiatic late-life conversion to blogging.


The article is devoted to the using subjective emotional evaluation in speech. The
way in which language is used to express emotion and subjective evaluation, has been
an especially elusive topic to study. Certain expressive phenomena of the language,
syntactic patterns make speech more expressive, and their use is considered entirely
dependent on the speaker's will and choice.


The authors describe a constant-current variable-voltage (CCVV) accelerator, intended to operate in the megaelectronvolt energy range but tunable down to a few percent of magnetoelectronvolt without loss of beam current. They present experimental results from a 200-keV single-beam prototype system designed to accelerate up to 0.2 A of H/sup +/ or H/sup -/ or the equivalent current of heavier ions. The beam is accelerated by a series of stackable 100-keV modules, the number depending on the maximum beam energy required. The authors discuss a proposed 1-MeV accelerator and a conceptual design for a multiaperture system accelerating 10 A or D/sup -/ ions to 1-2 MeV for current drive in a fusion reactor. The use of electrostatic quadrupole focusing allows a conservative design with reduced risk of voltage breakdown and makes it possible to maintain high currents while varying the beam energy. These features are useful for fusion reactor startup and for industrial applications, such as semiconductor processing and surface hardening.<<ETX>>


Three genera Sobothiana, Olafithiana, Bibulothiana and 10 species are described as new: Thopia boguwolae and T. corinnae from Brazil, T. amedae from French Guiana, Sabothiana riccardoi, S. boi and S. reidari from Brazil, Olafithiana adelinae from Brazil, Bibulothiana oswaldi and B. cyriaki from Brazil and B. everittae from Brazil and Peru. New localities and hosts for some other species are given.


The long-wavelength, backward mode of the free-electron laser is shown theoretically to be absolutely unstable for sufficient system length and applied magnetic-field strength. Finite-length one-dimensional particle simulations also show the mode to be absolutely unstable when the theoretical criteria are satisfied. The broad parameter regime in which a free-electron laser can produce the desired forward-propagating short-wavelength radiation, yet be stable to the backward mode, is calculated.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutter device of a simple constitution easily cutting even a paper material thick and hard to cut, without increasing power of a driving motor. SOLUTION: This cutter device has a fixed blade 12 fixed to a device body 11, a movable blade 13 for cutting the paper by cooperating with this fixed blade 11, and the driving motor 14 for driving this movable blade 13. The cutter device is characterized in that the movable blade 13 moves in the direction for cutting the paper; performs return operation from the moving end in the cutting direction; and has a coil spring 18 (a energizing means) constituted for applying energizing force in the direction for cutting the paper to the movable blade 13, and storing the energizing force in response to the return operation of the movable blade 13. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI


[Introduction] Molecules with carboxylic groups show the specific hydrogen bonding interactions. Formic acid (HCOOH) and acetic acid (CH3COOH) are unique among the monocarboxylic acid series in that they form low-temperature crystal structures that are characterized by infinite hydrogen-bonded chains as shown in Figure 1. Such chain structure has been investigated by X-ray and neutron scattering methods [1]. On the other hand, it has often been said that formic acid and acetic acid assume cyclic dimers in liquid states, and Raman spectra of formic acid in the low frequency region has been explained by the simulated spectra for several cyclic dimers [2]. However, for carboxylic acid, it has been said that such chain structure still remains even in the liquid phase from the comparison of Raman spectra especially in the low frequency region with the simulated spectra [3]. Here we try to compare the experimental and simulated spectra of several carboxylic acids and investigate the liquid and solid structure by the comparison between experimental and simulated spectra.


The iNKT cell represents a novel therapeutic target for important hematologic diseases such as sickle cell disease (SCD) and myeloma. While an antibody specifically targeting human iNKT cells is now in a clinical trial, no surrogate reagent that specifically recognizes murine iNKT cells has been previously reported. This abstract defines work on a unique, recently developed antibody specifically directed to the T cell receptor of the mouse iNKT cell. These cells are a small subset of T lymphocytes that share characteristics with adaptive as well as innate immune cells. In contrast to conventional T cells they recognize glycolipid antigens presented on the MHC-I like molecule CD1d. Upon activation they can rapidly release either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines, depending on stimulus and microenvironment. This enables them to direct downstream immune functions into inflammatory or tolerizing modes. iNKT cell activation has been implicated as a mediator of the chronic inflammation that is found in patients with SCD (Field et al. Blood 121:3321, 2013) suggesting that reduction of activity or iNKT cell depletion may be an effective therapy. The activation of iNKT cells has been shown to have therapeutics effects in multiple hematologic tumors including myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia (Dhodapkar and Richter Clin.Immunol.140:160, 2011). Until now, the role of iNKT cells in immune regulation has been studied using iNKT cell deficient inbred mouse strains like CD1d and Ja18 knockout mice or with the iNKT cell activating agent alpha-Galactosyl-Ceramide (aGalCer). These tools have weaknesses and limitations. CD1d deficient mice are not only deficient in invariant NKT cells but also other CD1d restricted cells, such as Type 2 NKT cells. Ja18 knockout mice have recently been shown to have a substantial decrease in TCR diversity in addition to their iNKT cell deficiency (Bedel et al.,Nat Immunol. 2012 Jul 19;13(8):705-6.). Furthermore, these mouse strains lack iNKT cells from birth and little is known about pharmacologic suppression in iNKT cell competent mouse strains. Although aGalCer can be used to activate iNKT cells in vivo, it induces a persistent iNKT cell anergy after activation. NKT Therapeutics has developed human iNKT cell specific humanized monoclonal antibodies, one of which is currently being evaluated in a Phase I study in patients with sickle cell disease. The human iNKT cell specific antibodies are not cross-reactive to murine iNKT cells. In order to better understand the potential of pharmacologic modulation of iNKT cell function in pre-clinical disease models, we developed a mouse iNKT specific monoclonal antibody. We have a generated both a depleting version (NKT-14) and by manipulating the FC-function through mutations we have also generated a non-depleting, activating version (NKT-14m). Both are highly specific for mouse iNKT cells and recognize all aGalCer -loaded CD1d tetramer binding cells ([Fig. 1A][1]) in multiple inbred mouse strains tested (C57BL/6, BALB/c, NOD, DBA, C3H,NZW, NZW/NZB F1, AKR, SJL and A/J). NKT-14 rapidly and very specifically depletes iNKT cells in vivo ([Fig. 1B][1]). NKT-14m can activate iNKT cells in vivo and induces release if IFn-Gamma ([Fig. 1C][1]). These novel mouse invariant TCR specific monoclonal antibodies will allow us to better understand the role of iNKT cells in health and disease in order to inform clinical trials of therapeutics which manipulate these unique immune regulatory cells for the treatment of disease.

![Figure 1][2]

Figure 1
A C57BL/6 splenocytes were stained with NKT14 or isotype control followed by a secondary anti mouse IgG2a monoclonal and aGalCer loaded CD1d Tetramer. B C57BL/6 mice were injected with 50 µg NKT14 or isotype control. Mice were sacrifice 24 hours after dosing and splenocytes prepared, counted and stained for CD3, CD4, CD8 and aGalCer loaded CD1d Tetramer to assess specifity of iNKT cell depletion. C C57BL/6 mice were injected with 2µg aGalCer, 50 µg NKT14m or isotype control. 2 hours post dosing mice were sacrificed, splenocytes prepared and stained for CD3 and aGalCer loaded CD1d tetramers to identify iNKT cells, washed, fixed, permeabilized and stained for intracellular IFn-Gamma.

Disclosures: Scheuplein: NKT Therapeutics: Employment. Thariath: NKT Therapeutics: Employment. Mashal: NKT Therapeutics: Employment, Equity Ownership. Schaub: NKT Therapeutics: Employment.

 [1]: #F1
 [2]: pending:yes


Abstract Powder metallurgy offers exciting opportunities for product development. It enables components to be manufactured close to their final dimensions, thus minimising the costs of both materials and the final machining processes. However, for significant savings in cost and time to be made, it is important that part designers have access to PM knowledge bases and computerised design tools that are as advanced as those for other processes.


Domingo de Soto (1495-1560), the disciple and successor of Francisco de Vitoria in the profound theological renewal which he brought about, pronounced in the course of his long professorial career a total of twelve of the discourses known as theological Relectiones. These Relectiones or Repetitiones were dissertations which every professor was obliged to pronounce once a year before the teaching body and all the students of the University. The were discourses of fixed lenght and not intended to give rise to immediate discussion, the theme of which was fixed in advance, and which dealt with some of the questions treated in the ordinary Lectures, or sometimes with a more topical theological subject.

The work here presented is a critical edition of one of Domingo de Soto's unpublished Relectiones: the one entitled De Sacro Canone et de eius sensibus (1536). This Relectio was the first pronounced by our author on Holy Scripture. It was pronounced shortly before the Council of Trent: hence the interest that it offers.

In the Relectio De Sacro Canone Soto studies three main themes: a) the Nature of Canonicity; b) the authority of the Church in relation to Scripture; and c) the comparison between the authority of the Church and the authority of Scripture.


Introductory circuit analysis course is an important professional-basic course for students of the electronic science and technology profession.It is theory basis for learning the subsequent specialized courses.Adopting CAI course can cut down the blackboard writing time because many circuit diagrams are included in the course.Teaching scheme is to digest new and old knowledge.At the same time,for increasing definition and transparence,typical examples should be taught in time.It is also necessary to sum up in time.In practice teaching,some experiments are arranged for training students with basic experimental skills.It can improve students the abilities of independence analyzing problem and solving problem.


With the extensions of Internet in the things world,IoT(the Internet Of Things) is regared as the main growth point in the economic field of China and thus becomes the research hotspot.At the same time,with the advantage of area coverage and the easy access by 3G mobile communication system,several positioning technologies within 3G communication network are discussed,the GPSone position technology and the short-message prompt to complete the positioning are selected.GPSone position technology based on location development is fully used in IoT,thus to improve the efficiency of enterprise management,and promote the IoT popularization and development.


This paper presents the findings on the process parameters for surface roughness optimization of an open-source ultrasonic vibration assisted fused deposition modeling (FDM) printed specimen. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) material for the specimens and the printing temperature, layer thickness, and surface layer were determined as the control parameters that influenced the surface roughness. Experimental design with Taguchi level 9 (3*3) Orthogonal Arrays (OA) was designed with nine experimental runs. Three levels of each control factor was identified. In addition, data for multi-responses of build time and surface roughness was obtained by utilizing and conducting the nine-requirement experimental run for Taguchi Method. The specimens were printed using an open-source ultrasonic vibration assisted FDM printer with a 20kHz ultrasonic vibration supplied to the printing platform of the printer. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine whether p-values are significant with the model or otherwise. The experiments examined the build time and surface roughness, the responses were collected and optimized by using the grey relational grade (GRG). The result shows no correlation between build time and surface roughness in the grey relational grade, and the p-value was higher than 0.05 significant level. However, the surface roughness for optimal level combination setting showed the obvious result, which the settings consist of printing temperature (level 1), layer thickness (level 1), and surface layer (level 1).


The construction, validation, and application of a device constructed in terms of indigenous Sierra Leone culture to measure Traditional versus Western attitudes and value change, is described. The theoretical framework is outlined in some detail, together with the application of the device in controlling for exposure to Western influences, in two different research studies.


A GaAs MISFET with a single crystalline CaFl insulator layer has been successfully fabricated for the first time. The CaF2 layer and an undoped GaAs channel layer are grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on a semi-insulating GaAs (100) substrate. The two layers are grown sequentially inside the same MBE chamber in order to form a clean CaF,/GaAs interface. A self-aligned process using a WSi,-gate metal is applied to fabricate the present MISFET. A I-pm gate length FET exhibiting a transconductance of 64 mS/mm has been achieved. I. INTRODUCTION lGaAs/GaAs heterostructure FET's with high-mobility A two-dimensional electron gas have attracted increasing attention because they are promising devices for high-speed and low-power integrated circuit applications ( 11. In these FET's, the conduction band discontinuity AEc between AlxGal -xAs and GaAs, being 0.3 eV for X = 0.3, is used as a potential barrier. This barrier is not high enough that gate leakage current increases seriously if the thickness of the AlGaAs gate insulator layer is less than 10 nm (2). Since reducing the thickness of the gate insulator layer is essential to achieve higher transconductance as well as smaller device size, it is necessary to investigate a gate insulator material that provides a higher potential barrier with GaAs than AlxGal -xAs. The material must have a wider energy gap and a smaller electron affinity than AlxGal-xAs. However, many attempts to realize GaAs MISFET's have shown that conventional dielectric materials, such as Si02 and Si3N4, are not suitable (3). This is due to the high interface state density, caused by native oxide, contamination, and various kinds of intrinsic defects, found in dielectric/GaAs interfaces. In this letter, a new type of single crystalline insulator material is investigated. Group IIA fluorides, such as CaF2 and SrF2, can be grown on GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) (4), (5). These materials are believed to be worthy of careful scrutiny for device application, because sequential MBE growth of GaAs and fluorides holds out the possibility of an interface with virtually no contamination. In addition, the ability to precisely control the MBE process enables us to prepare the interface within an accuracy of a few monolayers and to develop a new technology of interface engineering. In order to verify this approach, CaF2 and GaAs have been grown by MBE on a GaAs substrate and MISFET's using the CaFz gate insulator layer have been fabricated for the first time. The FET performance for a device with a l-pm-


ABSTRACT In this study, the mix design volumetrics and cracking potential of foamed Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) containing various amounts of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) were evaluated. It was found that the increased coating ability of the foamed WMA binder counteracted the lowering of mixing and compaction temperatures for WMA. Therefore, both control HMA and foamed WMA exhibited similar mix design volumetrics up to certain lower temperatures. However, further reductions in the mixing and compaction temperatures for foamed WMA were found to exhibit improper mixing between aggregates and foamed binder. Despite foamed WMA exhibiting similar volumetric properties as HMA up to certain lower temperature, their fatigue cracking performance was found to be significantly different. The foamed WMA was found to exhibit higher cracking resistance compared to HMA in Louisiana Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) and Illinois Flexibility Index Test (I-FIT) tests. A similar trend in the cracking resistance was observed for coarser mixes in the Abrasion Loss Test (commonly known as Cantabro test). However, the Cantabro test could not screen finer mixes for their cracking resistance as it lacks a mechanistic basis. Finally, the foamed WMA technology was found to increase the cracking resistance of asphalt mixes. The higher RAP content in the foamed WMA, on the contrary was found to lower the cracking resistance of asphalt mixes due to incorporation of aged and stiffer binder from RAP.


This article is drawn from a dissertation study with 14 women spiritual leaders who were part of an interfaith planning team for an annual women's spirituality conference in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Engaging a praxis of co-a/r/tography as ritual, the women were enabled to manifest and explore their multiple-subjective relationships with the Divine. Through co-encounters within matrixial (Ettinger, 2005) and real religious/political borderspaces via art and ritual, the process of decolonizing the Divine (Fernandes, 2003) for each woman, and the group as a whole, proved possible when supported by a compassionate community.


Based on the classification of customization,the multi-project under mass customization environment is defined, and put forward the conceptions of horizontal and vertical multi-project integration. Meanwhile, based on the analysis of other production scheduling methods, the process model of multi-project scheduling is proposed under the pure customization and handtailor standardized customization environment and analyzed this model. The method decomposes the order according to the stage and arranges the schedule according to different work contents in each stage. Through expounding the procedure and key points as well as some new find when applying the model to actual enterprise, it is proved that this method can help the enterprise to control the whole process of order accomplishment and enhance the customization ability.


With the growing demand for lumber in recent years, the study of the production chain of this segment is of fundamental importance for the better management of the sector. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the wood waste generated from the processing of timber products sold in Eunapolis, State of Bahia. Data were obtained by means of interviews with questionnaires applied to those responsible for all logging activitiesin the municipality.The use of woodwasteand its final destination were the main features observed. The waste accumulation of themills in Eunapolis is around 165 cubic meters per month, 55% of whichintended for energy purposes. This study uncovered the need for more detailed information on the utilization and higher added value of the waste generated by sawmills.


In 1987, the first issue of a periodical devoted solely to New Zealand English studies appeared following a Linguistics Subject Conference held at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. The New Zealand English Newsletter suggests growing interest by the country's linguists in their own local variety of English but offers the following editorial caution: "the detailed study of New Zealand English is in its infancy (lexicography partly excepted), and much careful data gathering and analysis will be required before its description can be put on other than an impressionistic footing" (Deverson 1987:2). Although the essays presented in New Zealand Ways of Speaking English (NZWSE) fall a little short of the coherent description that is needed, the appearance of this collection a mere 3 years later makes for a vital first step. The volume is comprised of 14 chapters that contribute descriptive information about the character and use of New Zealand English (NZE), particularly its emergence as a distinctive speech variety. It also considers issues of general sociolinguistic interest on the basis of data that are generalizable to other Englishes. Within New Zealand, the book will be welcomed by sociolinguists in particular, because it collects together the burgeoning research that, hitherto, has proved difficult to obtain. NZWSE will also attract wider attention because the role of English in New Zealand is very much a live issue, particularly in regard to its use and status as the de facto language of 95 percent of the population. A legislative quirk has meant that the de jure language is te reo Maori, but as is documented elsewhere this is a language that is in a crisis of survival (see Karetu & Waite 1989; McGregor & Williams 1991). For those outside New Zealand, I aver NZWSE will prove interesting too, because it provides a much needed rejoinder to existing accounts of NZE, where from a New Zealand perspective these are considered to be "typically sketchy and misleading at best, inaccurate at worst" (Deverson 1987:2). With the notable exception of Cheshire (1991), overseas accounts of NZE have largely been couched in terms of its structural similarity to Australian English and/or in terms of its internal homogeneity. Cheshire's treatment of NZE is instructive. She wrote:


A NUMBER OF recent studies suggest that the mammalian superior colliculus plays a crucial role in visually guided behavior (33, 35). Ablation experiments indicate that lesions in the hamster superior colliculus can cause severe deficits in orienting to visual and auditory stimuli while leaving intact the ability to discriminate pat serns in situ .ations in whi ch no orienting component is necessary for the successful performance of the discrimination (32). Related to this view is the idea that the colliculus plays an important role in the control of eye and head movements. After unilateral colliculectomy in the monkey, Denny-Brown (6) reports a fascinating cluster of eye-movement deficits. While the animal could look to either side or up and down, there was a slight divergent strabismus, and the optokinetic response was present only when the stripes entered the visual field from the operated side. Though the monkey could reach accurately for an object in the visual field contralateral to the lesion, he could not fixate the object, but only looked in its general direction. After bilateral colliculus lesions, monkeys showed fixed gaze, lack of reactivity to visual stimuli; lack of vocalization, and a variety of other deficits which led Denny-Brown to describe this structure as the "pattern setter of the nervous system." Though other workers have failed to confirm the oculomotor deficits reported in this study (2, 28), recent work usi *g more sophisticated methods for head immobilization and eyemovement recording has confirmed and extended many of Denny-Brown's original observations (M. Stryker, P. H. Schiller, and F. Koerner, unpublished observations). It


This article discusses the history of our restrictive attitudes toward sexuality, and suggests some requirements for moving beyond our outmoded norms. Such a process will enable professionals and other adults to handle the explicit educational approaches necessary for dealing with the connection between sexuality and AIDS.


From the Document: Alert levels should be tailored to local context and agreed upon by a multi-stakeholder group Before deciding on the thresholds for levels, you should ensure you are able to capture data regularly and be able to analyze and share it consistently [Included in this document] is an example of an alert-level system with indicators and thresholds for USA States Please see the following for more information: Staying Alert: Navigating COVID-19 Risk Toward a New Normal [https://www hsdl org/?abstract&did=839270];Annex 1: How to Create a COVID-19 Alert-Level System and Supporting Communication Tools in Resource-Constrained Settings [https://www hsdl org/?abstract&did=839272];and Annex 3: Example Materials to Communicate Level Change [https://www hsdl org/?abstract&did=839274] COVID-19 (Disease);Warnings;Health risk communication


Representing state of organization is the basic work, on which organizational behavior and process can be well characterized, and the measure of performance for organization is the premise for organization optimal designing and adapting. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, a metal-matrices integrated individual state (MMIS) approach is advanced to represent state of an organization; second, a multi-phase based mission execution (MPME) approach, which is based on MMIS, is employed to measure the performance for organization to complete its mission partitioned as multi-phases.


Wastewater activated sludge is produced during the biological treatment of wastewater. After treating the sewage, the sludge is allowed to settle. Part of the settled material is returned to the treatment process as return activated sludge (RAS) and the excess is removed as waste activated sludge (WAS). The handling and disposal of the sludge are energy and capital-intensive treatments, with a significant environmental impact. This work studies the possibility to utilize RAS (an example of wastewater sludge) as a source of surface active agents. The results indicate that higly surface active materials can be extracted from RAS, and that the RAS extract has potential applications as a detergent and wood adhesive. The results also suggest that recovering a suite of products from RAS, a biological heterogenous source, can be technically feasible. An effective alkaline treatment was developed (at pH>12) that can extract up to 75% of the sludge's organic matter, a yield higher than previously reported. Increasing the extraction pH increased the extract surface activity, which is linked to increasing the amount of higher molecular weight molecules and the presence of phospholipids. Increasing the


1. This study sought to determine if neutral endopeptidase metabolizes vaso‐active intestinal peptide (VIP) and whether changes in the activity of this enzyme might explain the change in VIP metabolism which follows gastric sodium loading. The study also investigated whether prolonged inhibition of neutral endopeptidase was associated with inhibition of further secretion of VIP.


The durability of blends containing two calcareous fly ashes of different chemical and mineralogical compositions was studied with respect to sulfate and chloride ingress in binary, ternary and quaternary systems (Portland clinker, fly ash, slag, limestone). The results show that durability can change substantially depending on the composition of fly ash and that benefits can be obtained from combining fly ash with slag or limestone. The differences in durability were compared to phase compositions measured with XRD Rietveld and TGA. The results show that using a calcareous fly ash with around 4 wt.-% C3A does not mitigate expansion under sulfate attack, possibly due to high content of monosulfate. In this case, adding limestone promoted monocarbonate formation instead and significantly decreased the expansion. Chloride ingress can be successfully limited by using calcareous fly ashes or slag or their combinations. Limestone addition can have different effect depending on the system where it is added.


The averaged whole-nerve response (AP) was recorded from the round window of the guinea pig. The sound stimulus was the downward shift of the frequency of a pure tone accompanied with the amplitude increase, and it has been proved that this stimulus could elicit the frequecy-specific response.The peak latencies of the APs for 250Hz, 500Hz, 1kHz, 2kHz and 4kHz were studied in various intensities of each tone and it became evident that the latency decreased almost exponentially as the frequency of the stimuli increased at an octave step.The distance from the round window to the newly activated area of the basilar mambrane by the frequency shift could be expressed as an exponential function of the peak latency of AP, and the coefficient of the function was obtained by the use of microcomputor.


Objective To examine the effects of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) activator on tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and PPARα expressions in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Methods Primary cultures of cardiac myocytes were prepared from ventricles of 3-day-old Wistar rats. Cardiac myocytes were pretreated with fenofibrate PPARa activator at different concentrations and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10μg/L). The levels of TNF-α and PPARα mRNA were measured by reverse transcription-polymerse chain reaction(RT-PCR). TNF-α and PPARa proteins were determined by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. Results RT-PCR demonstrated that pretreatment of cardiac myocytes with fenofibrate inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α mRNA expression in concentration dependent manner. Fenofibrate also decreased LPS-induced TNF-α protein expression in medium. However, no significant changes were observed on PPARa mRNA and protein expression. Conclusions These results suggest that PPARα activator may inhibit cardiac TNF-α expression but not accompanied by changes in PPARa mRNA and protein levels. PPARα may mediate the modulation of the inflammatory reaction.


A novel 3-D fuzzy logic controller (3-D FLC) was presented to control a class of spatially distributed dynamic systems by Li (IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 470-481, Jun. 2007) by utilizing a 3-D fuzzy set and an inference mechanism with 3-D nature for spatial information processing. In this paper, the analytical mathematical model of the 3-D FLC is derived, and the controller structure is explained with the help of the existing conventional control techniques. The graphic analytical method for the traditional two-term FLC can be used for the analytical model derivation. The derived result shows that the 3-D FLC has a global sliding-mode structure over the spatial domain and explains why the 3-D FLC is able to process spatial information more effectively than its traditional counterpart using a few more sensors. Because of its sliding-mode feature, the Lyapunov stability criterion can be developed easily to analyze and design the 3-D FLC. Finally, a catalytic reactor is presented as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the 3-D FLC as compared with other controllers.


This is an analysis of the resurgent cultural fascination with Nazism since 1989. Why has a fascination with fascism re-emerged after the Cold War? What is its cultural function now, in an era of commemoration? Focusing particularly on the British context, this study offers the first analysis of contemporary popular and literary fiction, film, TV and art exhibitions about Nazis and Nazism. Petra Rau brings this material into dialogue with earlier responses to fascism and demonstrates how, paradoxically, Nazism has been both mediated and mythologised to the extent that it now often replaces a critical engagement with actual, violent history. In 5 thematic chapters on Nazi Noir, Men in Uniform, Vile Bodies, The Good German and Meta-Cinematic Farce, Rau provides close analysis of contemporary novels such as Jason Lutes' graphic novel series Berlin, historical crime fiction by Philip Kerr and others, Robert Harris' Fatherland, Ian McEwan's Black Dogs and Justin Cartwright's The Song Before It Is Sung; films such as Bryan Singer's Valkyrie and Quentin Tarantino's Inglorious Bastards; art installations including Mirroring Evil: Nazi Imagery/Recent Art, and Fucking Hell by Jake and Dinos Chapman; and Piotr Uklanski's photo frieze, Untitled (The Nazis). Features: broad interdisciplinary approach which includes literature, film, TV and art; wide coverage of popular forms and High Art; and comparison with earlier material about fascism which reaches back to the 1930s.


Professor Martha C. Nussbaum is an accomplished scholar in an impressive variety of fields. Drawing on her diverse academic backgrounds, Nussbaum has written extensively about emotions and their importance for law from the perspective of her primary specialty, philosophy. Her book Hiding from Humanity criticizes the roles that two particular emotions, disgust and shame, play in the law. Its central thesis is that, as legal actors, we should be wary of disgust and shame because indulging in those emotions allows us to hide from our humanity - both our humanity in the general sense and also those specific features of our humanity that are most animalistic: our vulnerability and mortality. In 2004, the Association of American Publishers awarded Hiding from Humanity its Professional and Scholarly Publishing Award for Law. Many have praised it, while others have been more critical. In light of the broad range of fields that Nussbaum draws upon in Hiding from Humanity, the book has predictably spawned much interesting discussion and commentary by law professors, literary scholars, philosophers, political scientists, and the media. Our unique contribution to this lively discourse surrounding Hiding from Humanity is an analysis of Nussbaum's argument from the perspective of recent advances in research about emotions, happiness, and well-being made by economists, legal academics, negotiation scholars, neuroscientists, and psychologists.


Since the first description of the association of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) with systemic vasculitis 15 years ago, the methodology for ANCA determination has evolved from a fluorescence test with a single pattern,' to several types of fluorescence (cANCA, pANCA, atypical ANCA)2 and solid phase assays (RIA, ELISA) using partially314 or highly purifieds-7 antigens. New insights as to the antigenic targets of ANCA facilitated this development, together with recognition of the diseases associated with ANCA. It became obvious that the techniques for ANCA required standardisation, and this has been achieved in a collaborative study within the European community.8


Virtual reconstruction of urban areas, which are lost due to natural or man-provoked disasters, is nowadays feasible through the usage of contemporary threedimensional technologies and virtual reality. With the aid of topography, architecture, history and archaeology, the once existed urban areas, or even whole cities, can be reconstructed as close as possible to the original. The work presented in this paper is such an attempt. It focuses on the urban area of Argostoli in Kefalonia, Greece, which was completely destroyed by an earthquake during 1953. Using all kinds of information involving the town, a part of the urban area has been reconstructed in three dimensions and a virtual tour is now available.


【Objective】 To examine expression of the CC chemokine eotaxin in vitro rat ASMC induced with serum from asthmatic rat and observe the subsequent effect by treatment with salbutamol;To investigate the role of ASMC autocrine and its signaling pathway in asthma.【Methods】 ASM was isolated from rat trachea:chemokine and cAMP expressions in ASMC were examined by radioimmunoassay,ELISA and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.【Results】 There were significant eotaxin protein and mRNA expressions associated with cAMP level(P 0.01,r =0.788),compared with control group in ASMC induced by sensitized rat serum(P 0.05),and apparently intervened by sulbutamol therapy(P 0.05).【Conclusions】 There is an autocrine function in ASMC as an inflammatory cell on sensitized condition as part of the central role in asthma.Salbutamol can depress the expression of inflammatory cytokine effectively.


For health systems seeking a path forward and upward in a value-based environment, ownership of a health plan can yield many positives, including a chance to drive value-based care, financial margin improvement, and opportunities for rewarding partnerships. However, being both a payer and a provider—a "payvider"—can make extraordinary demands on both the health system and health plan. Developing this hybrid business has been a learning experience for UW Health, an academic medical center that, like others in academic healthcare, was built on a fee-for-service model. Today, UW Health is a majority owner of what has become the state's largest provider-owned health plan. As illustrated here, health plan ownership is not for every system. The burdens are heavy. But for UW Health, it is an important component of both mission and margin.


BACKGROUND Preterm birth is on the rise worldwide. Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have enabled many critically ill newborns to survive. When a premature baby is admitted to the NICU, the mother–infant relationship may be interrupted, affecting the mother's mental health. AIM To examine the maternal emotions associated with having a child in the NICU and provide suggestions for clinical practice. METHODS MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychARTICLES, and PsychINFO were searched for relevant articles between 2005 to 2019, and six qualitative articles were chosen that explored the experiences of mothers who had a preterm infant in the NICU. The thematic analysis method was used to identify the most common themes. RESULTS Four main themes of the experience of mothers who had a preterm infant in the NICU were identified: Negative emotional impacts on the mother, support, barriers to parenting, and establishment of a loving relationship. CONCLUSION NICU environment is not conducive to mother-child bonding, but we stipulate steps that health care professionals can take to reduce the negative emotional toll on mothers of NICU babies.


Objective: To study the efficiency and tolerance of two pulse therapy regimens: combination pulse therapy with highdose methotrexate (MT) and high-dose dexamethasone and pulse therapy with dexamethasone. Subjects and methods. The trial enrolled 100 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with two pulse therapy regimens and then followed up for 1 year during standard MT therapy. The efficiency of the treatment was evaluated using the ACR 20/50/70 criteria. The number of swollen and tender joints (SJ and TJ), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein levels, systemic disease activity and a need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids were determined. Results and discussion. After 1 month of therapy, the patients of both groups showed significant positive changes in all assessed parameters of RA activity. By this time, after combination pulse therapy with MT and dexamethasone, there was a more significant reduction in the number of SJ, total activity scores given by a patient and a physician, and pain intensity according to the visual analogue scale. By the end of 1and 3-month follow-ups, a 70% improvement was significantly more frequently noted in the combination pulse therapy group than in the monotherapy group. During a subsequent follow-up, the number of TJ and SJ tended to further decrease; however, the group differences were leveled. Evaluation of X-ray progression trends at 12 months of follow-up revealed no significant differences between the patients of the study groups. There were neither differences in the rate of adverse reactions nor severe complications. Conclusion. Combination pulse therapy with MT and dexamethasone was an effective and well tolerated option, the use of which could lower RA activity considerably, accelerate the therapeutic effect of MT, and reduce symptomatic therapy volume in the shortest possible time.


The purpose of this study was to explore psychodynamic therapists' experiences in psychotherapy with patients suffering from psychosis. Six semi-structured interviews were conducted. The material was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, resulting in four main themes: The therapist's own journey, A distant and fragile destination, Meeting in a mutual arena and Contagions and travel vaccinations. The interviewees described that the different and intense elements encountered in the field of psychosis exerted an attractive force in their beginning careers, while later clinical experiences had them develop a more genuine and personal therapeutic stance. Intrinsic challenges were related to establishing contact and a working alliance. Some patients induce exhausting, sedative and confusing reactions, and some react with strong resistance towards reality orienting interventions. The therapists could experience themselves being controlled or attacked; while the responsibility of holding the patient's uncontained suffering felt overwhelming. In contrast, it was expressed how a sense of deepened contact and emancipation had emerged through meeting and sharing an experience within a psychotic state, as well as by confronting the patient's control and demonstrating one's separate individuality. Access to peer support, supervision and self-therapy was described as important functions in managing the intense processes and confusing stalemates inherent in practice. Also stated was how clinical engagement with psychotic conditions had given rise to revitalizing and meaningful, deeply touching experiences.


Reducing environmental impact and struggling with growth scenarios are currently important issues for world airports. The Airports Council International (ACI) estimates significant future capital expenditure increases for airports. In Europe, airports are preparing to meet emissions targets, which may have an impact on expansion plans. Airports have to cater for traffic growth in an environmentally responsible way. Regarding noise pollution, airports are focusing on reducing noise at source, land-use planning, noise abatement procedures and operational restrictions. Air quality issues are a problem particularly for airports flanked by major highways as it is difficult to distinguish the separate sources contributing to poor air quality. To meet the demands of Europe's growing economies both air and rail travel modes are deemed to be essential. In America, air travel is felt to be even more important due to the longer distances involved. Measures undertaken by Dallas-Fort Worth Airport are described in more detail. Airport development is believed to be moving from "city airports" to "airport cities", with airports expanding to take on roles previously found in cities' commercial sectors. This change needs to be conducted in co-operation with urban, regional and business site planners, to avoid problems of access, congestion and ground pollution.


The invention discloses a formula of an indirect carp feed, belonging to the technical field of freshwater fish culture. The indirect carp feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60-66% of ammonium hydrogen carbonate and 34-40 percent of calcium superphosphate. When in use, the ammonium hydrogen carbonate and the calcium superphosphate are mixed uniformly in proper quantity and then applied to the surface of water. The indirect carp feed is easy to prepare and can achieve a good effect, and the weight of carp fed by the indirect carp feed increases quickly on average.


A process for the preparation of fermentation residues as a complex power-water and nutrient use system, characterized in that the following process steps are applied: - separating the solids (crude fiber) from the liquid fermentation residues by means of decanters, separators or filter devices - Nachvergarung the liquid fermentation residue in anaerobic fixed-bed reactors for further production of biogas and to the C-degradation - after-treatment of the effluent of the anaerobic fixed-bed reactors by means of aerobic trickling filter (14) for further C-degradation - Subsequent reduction of N-substrates on a combined anaerobic-stage anaerobic- - separating the residual biomass via ultrafiltration modules - separation of the low molecular weight constituents by reverse osmosis - post-cleaning of the water for the retention of residual impurities by activated carbon and / or ion exchange and / or zeolites - dosage of suitable mineral salt solutions or passing over or through a mineral mixture for the mineralization of water for fish farming or livestock watering - disinfection of the water, in particular with UV, ozone or Tetrachlorinedecaoxide (TCDO) -Zusatzen - Use of waste heat from the membrane filtration process (UF and RO) for aquaculture in the produced water ...


We have obtained high quality FORS1/VLT optical spectra of 85 disk H ii regions in the nearby spiral galaxies NGC 3351, NGC 3521, NGC 4254, NGC 4303, and NGC 4321. Our sample of metal-rich H ii regions with metallicities close to solar and higher reveal the presence of Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars in 27 objects from the blue WR bump (4680 A) and 15 additional candidate WR regions. This provides for the first time a large set of metal-rich WR regions. Approximately half (14) of the WR regions also show broad C iv5808 emission attributed to WR stars of the WC subtype. The simultaneous detection of C iii5696 emission in 8 of them allows us to determine an average late WC subtype compatible with expectations for high metallicities. Combined with literature data, the metallicity trends of WR features and the WC/WN number ratio are discussed. The WR regions show quite clear trends between their observed WR features and the H emission line. Detailed synthesis models are presented to understand/interpret these observations. In contrast with earlier studies of low metallicity WR galaxies, both W(WR) and I(WR)=I(H) are here found to be smaller than "standard" predictions from appropriate evolutionary synthesis models at corresponding metallicities. Various possibilities which could explain this discrepancy are discussed. The most likely solution is found with an improved prescription to predict the line emission from WN stars in synthesis models. The availability of a fairly large sample of metal-rich WR regions allows us to improve existing estimates of the upper mass cut-o of the IMF in a robust way and independently of detailed modeling: from the observed maximum H equivalent width of the WR regions we derive a lower limit for Mup of 60-90 M in the case of a Salpeter slope and larger values for steeper IMF slopes. This constitutes a lower limit on Mup as all observational eects known to aect potentially the H equivalent width can only reduce the observed W(H). From our direct probe of the massive star content we conclude that there is at present no evidence for systematic variations of the upper mass cut-o of the IMF in metal-rich environments, in contrast to some claims based on indirect nebular diagnostics.


s 11 List of Participants 45 II. EGSM 2008 Czech Republic Introduction 3 2 European Ground Squirrel Meeting 1-5 October 2008, Svatý Jan pod Skalou Dear Ladies and Gentlemen, The organizing committee welcomes you at the II. European Ground Squirrel meeting in Sv. Jan pod Skalou, Czech Republic. We are glad that we can take a share in a tradition of the regular EGS meetings, following the successful I. EGSM in Felsıtárkány, Hungary in 2006 and the conference "Ecology and Conservation of the European souslik (Spermophilus citellus)" in Madjarovo, Bulgaria in 2002. The meeting offers a unique opportunity to present scientific results and conservation experiences concerning the European ground squirrel to a wide group of ground squirrel experts. We hope you will enjoy not only the new information about different aspects of the ground squirrel biology and conservation, but also the surroundings of Sv. Jan pod


Printed circuit board connector assembly (10) adapted to electrically and mechanically fitted to (PCB) includes a housing (14) and a contact shield is held in the housing (14) (12). Contact shield (12) includes a main body and a connector assembly (10) may include at least one securing member configured to secure the PCB (30, 40). The fixing member (s) may be integrally formed with the body from a single piece of material. .FIELD 1


Social think tanks are an important part of the construction of new think tanks with Chinese characteristics and their effectiveness is an important influencing factor of the competitiveness of China's think tanks. The paper firstly analyzes the current situation of research on the problems relating to China's social think tanks, then constructs social think tank effectiveness evaluation indicator system from the four aspects of management effectiveness, influence effectiveness, diversity effectiveness and innovation effectiveness, lastly, it evaluates and analysis the effectiveness of Center for China & Globalization (CCG) as an example, and offers the countermeasures and suggestions for improving its effectiveness.


Introduction: We found that numerous people with Parkinson's Disease (PD) have a nutrient B3 inadequacy. Levels were 3.4 standard blunder lower than age-coordinated controls. The insufficiency might be identified with carbidopa cooperation, damaged tryptophan digestion and worries of nightsleep issue. Nutrient B3 supplies vitality in all cells by delivering NAD+ and NADP+ in redox responses of oxidative phosphorylation. A few indications of the illness, for example, weariness, rest brokenness and mind-set changes might be identified with the lack. Irritation is believed to be a basic component in Parkinson's malady (PD) pathology. GPR109A is a mitigating G-protein receptor that is available in human macrophages and neutrophils at more elevated levels of articulation than in different organs and tissues. Its calming job is settled in-vivo and in-vitro considers. We are the first to discover upregulation of GPR109A receptor articulation in the blood tests and substantia nigra in PD. The physiological ligand of GPR109A is beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB). What's more, another compound, niacin (otherwise known as nutrient B3 or nicotinic corrosive), additionally follows up on GPR109A as its agonist in stifling irritation. The fragrant amino corrosive decarboxylase inhibitor carbidopa a carbidopa/levodopa) was appeared to drain niacin levels in the body in PD patients.


The research strategy of proteomics in pancreatic cancer mainly includes: expression of proteomics, comparison of proteomics and cell atlas of proteomics. Isolation techniques and identity techniques and protein chip are commonly used. Significant proteins were found by serum, pancreatic juice, tissue and hormone. It conduces to early discovery pancreatic cancer and raise treatment.


In this investigation, contact search algorithms for the analysis of wheel/rail contact problems are discussed, and the on-line and off-line hybrid contact search method is developed for multibody railroad vehicle dynamics simulations using the elastic contact formulation. In the hybrid algorithm developed in this investigation, the off-line search that can be effectively used for the tread contact is switched to the on-line search when the contact point is jumped to the flange region. In the two-point contact scenarios encountered in curve negotiations, the on-line search is used for both tread and flange contacts to determine the two-point contact configuration. By so doing, contact points on the flange region given by the off-line tabular search are never used, but rather used as an initial estimate for the online iterative procedure for improving the numerical convergence. Furthermore, the continual on-line detection of the second point of contact is replaced with a simple table look-up. It is demonstrated by several numerical examples that include flange climb and curve negotiation scenarios that the proposed hybrid contact search algorithm can be effectively used for modeling wheel/rail contacts in the analysis of general multibody railroad vehicle dynamics.


This paper describes some of the forms of violence in cyberspace and possible prevention. The second part of this paper provides an analysis of students' views on possible online abuse and prevention. The research aims to highlight statistically significant opportunities for raising awareness of possible online abuse and the prevention of cyberbullying. The survey consists of a total of 20 testimonials, which are divided into 4 parts, and each part assesses different aspects. The conclusion of this research is that the Internet environment does not provide enough feedback on the reactions of the person to whom the harassing messages were sent, which in the abuser reduces the feeling of causing true emotional and psychological harm to another person, reducing the degree of self-control and insight into the level of bullying.


The heavy metal ions in waste water were determined by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry.The results are 2.89mg/L of Cu,1.08 mg/L of Mn,0.98mg/L of Pb,0.96mg/L of Zn,0.95mg/L of Fe,0.10mg/L of Cr,and 0.08mg/L of Cd.The relative standard deviation are 2.3%,1.9%,2.0%,1.8%,1.5%,2.3%,1.4%,respectively.


Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently received significant attention as effective photocatalysts, which rely on the selected photoactive building units. Benzoselenadiazole is one such unit to enable swift light-induced charge...


Nanotechnology enhanced, thin-film solar cells constitute one of the most promising energy solutions in today's age. Along with the thin-film solar cells that harness free source of energy from the sun, thermoelectric devices play a significant role in addressing energy issues by making an efficient use of energy given out by humans as 'body heat'. The paper profiles smart integration of nanostructured components into a smart-grid termed as a 'smart-membrane' for availing free sources of energy. The membrane leverages the advantage of micro-supercapacitors that act as an energy storage unit interior to the membrane.


The paper deals with the results of passivation of welded AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel. The effectiveness of passivation in a 6.0 vol% HNO3 solution containing 2.0 wt.% CuSO4• 5H2O was tested by potentiodynamic polarization. Polarization was carried out in demineralized water before passivation and after it. At 80 °C demineralized water induced pitting corrosion and passivation was undertaken to protect the steel surface. As a result of passivation the pitting potential decreased. The satisfactory protective properties of the passive film on steel surface were found to agree with the high value of the pitting potential. After passivation, the presence of white dotty agglomerations of copper atoms was observed on the surface in the proximity of the melted zone.


This study held in Pekanbaru in order to analyze consumer's attitude on product attributes of China celuller. Population are China celuller users in Pekanbaru. Sampling technique accidental sampling is done using the number of respondests 96 people. Data analyzed by using Fishbein Multi Attribute Analysis. This study reveals that most respondents have a negative attitude towards China celuller attributes. The three most positive attitude come from design, packaging and brand. Meanwhile, the three most negative ones are label, features and quality. It is recommended to provide a more clear and comprehenable language in manual instruction book, internally installing additional features to the handset, enhancing the LED and battery quality, expanding internal memory capacity and informing the term and conditions in external application process. Keywords: Attitude, Product Attributes, and Believe


Abstract The Inconclusive Zone, in one form or another, is an integral part of almost any data analysis method of CQT. It represents the existence of built-in uncertainties in the test and indicates how the test, in general, and the examiners, in particular, bear this limitation in practice. Unfortunately, it is so common that most examiners tend not to spend too much time and attention wondering about its meaning. The following are some reflections on the concept of an Inconclusive Zone, and its actual use, including some resulting recommendations. Th at includes internal aspects of the test, such as the relation between the extent of using multiple comparison points between relevant and comparison questions and the optimal Inconclusive Zone size. External aspects affecting the Inconclusive Zone's size and shape are also stressed when looking at the CQT through a prism of aiding decision-making rather than a mere means to sort truth from lies.


Mary Cannon, Professor of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Youth Mental Health at RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, investigates the effects of using cannabis on young people's mental health. Cannabis is the most widely used drug among young people globally. The average age of initiation of cannabis use is mid-teens, and use tends to fall off later in life. Unfortunately, the peak period of cannabis use coincides with the peak time for brain development which continues up to age 25. The main adverse effects of using cannabis during adolescence fall under three broad categories: dependence, underachievement and mental health problems (DUM). Let us deal with each of these in turn.


Positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES) measurements from the surface of an oxidized Cu(100) single crystal show a large increase in the intensity of the annihilation induced Cu M2,3VV Auger peak as the sample is subjected to a series of isochronal anneals in vacuum up to annealing temperature 300 °C. The PAES intensity then decreases monotonically as the annealing temperature is increased to ∼550 °C. Experimental positron annihilation probabilities with Cu 3p and O 1s core electrons are estimated from the measured intensities of the positron annihilation induced Cu M2,3VV and O KLL Auger transitions. PAES results are analyzed by performing calculations of positron surface states and annihilation probabilities of the surface‐trapped positrons with relevant core electrons taking into account the charge redistribution at the surface and various surface structures associated with low and high oxygen coverages. The variations in atomic structure and chemical composition of the topmost...


Most clinical neuropsychologists find themselves, at one time or another, foraging through their collection of folders, boxes, and texts to locate reliability, validity, and normative data for some of the more commonly used neuropsychological tests in an elderly population. In their forward, Tuokko and Hadjistavropoulos indicate that this book is designed to compile the range of normative data on the more commonly used neuropsychological tests into one source that can be easily accessed and integrated by the clinician. In addition to presentation of normative data relating to the geriatric population, a critique of each instrument's standardization and normative data is presented as well. While not all-inclusive of measures used by the typical neuropsychologist, it does cover the majority of tasks for which good normative data on the elderly exist.


CdTe nanorods and various branched nanostructures with different crystal structures were have successfully prepared via the catalyst-assisted vacuum thermal evaporation (CVTE) technique using various experimental parameters. SEM and XRD studies were carried out on the as-prepared CdTe nanostructures. The results show that the morphologies and crystal structures of the products were strongly influenced by the growth conditions and the mole ratios of Bi and CdTe. In the high mole ratio (0.08:1) of Bi and CdTe, CdTe branched nanostructures of CdTe were obtained, while nanorods of CdTe were formed at a lower mole ratio of 0.05:1. The crystal structure of products is either Zinc blende or a two-phase mixture of zinc blende and wurtzite. The content of the wurtzite phase were found to increase with increasing growth temperature. Our results also reveal that high growth temperature tends to form the wurtzite phase, and stacking faults may exist in materials grown in higher temperatures. These nanostructures grow following the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism.


Thank you very much for downloading analyst patient interaction collected papers on technique. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite readings like this analyst patient interaction collected papers on technique, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.


The Conference is open to scholars of various disciplines who may contribute to the analysis of the geopolitical, historical, cultural, social and economic aspects related to divergence and convergence processes and (re)integration perspectives and policies in multicultural and border regions. The aim of the Conference is to give an assessment of past developments and conflict resolutions, an analysis of current situations and problems concerning spatial and social cross-border and inter-cultural integration/disintegration, and an evaluation of the future trends and opportunities for co-operation and development within a broader European and global context.


[100-56-1] C6H5ClHg (MW 313.15)

InChI = 1S/C6H5.ClH.Hg/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1;;/h1-5H;1H;/q;;+1/p-1

InChIKey = AWGTVRDHKJQFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-M

(phenylating agent for allylic halides3 and alkenes;4-8 converts primary and secondary allylic alcohols into 3-phenyl alcohols and 3-phenyl aldehydes;9 reacts with carbon monoxide to give ketone10-13)

Physical Data: mp 250–252 °C. 1H NMR:16, 17 δ (DMSO, ppm) Ho 7.46 (3JHo–Hg = +203 Hz); Hm 7.37 (4JHm–Hg = +49 Hz); Hp 7.46. 13C NMR:18, 19 δ (DMF + (CD3)2CO (20%) at 340 K (ppm)) Cα 150.5, (1JHg–C = 2530 Hz), Cβ 136.4 (2JHg–C = 117 Hz); Cγ 128.0 (3JHg–C = 205 Hz); Cδ 127.9 (4JHg–C = 35 Hz). 199Hg NMR:18 (CH2Cl2) −1192, ((CD3)2SO) −1182 ppm. MS:20 mass of ions observed: C6H5HgCl+, C6H5Hg+, HgCl+. IR: ν(Hg–Cl) 331–332 cm−1.15

Solubility: sparingly sol H2O; sol C6H6, ether, pyridine; slightly sol hot ethanol.2

Form Supplied in: white satiny leaflets; stable in air; widely available.

Preparative Method: by mercuration of benzene21 with Mercury(II) Chloride (eq 1) or red Mercury(II) Oxide.

(1)

Copper or Copper(I) Chloride22 promotes facile displacement of nitrogen from double salts of Benzenediazonium Chloride and mercury(II) chloride in good yield (eq 2).

(2)

Phenylmercury(II) chloride can also be prepared by the Peters reaction23 involving mercury(II) chloride and sulfinic acid (eq 3), by the decomposition of the phenyl–tin bond in PhSn(alkyl)3 with mercury(II) chloride (eq 4),24 by mixing equimolar mercury(II) chloride and Diphenylmercury (eq 5),25 or by photolysis of diphenylmercury in CCl4 (eq 6).26

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

In PhHgCl the PhHg bond is less polar than the HgCl bond. The PhHg bond is weak and undergoes homolytic cleavage.

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: highly toxic irritant; LD50 orally in rats 60 mg kg−1. Use in a fume hood.


Fixing by cross bearings is widely used in navigation position. in this article ,the method of Weighted Point of Intersection is considered to be used in Fixing by cross bearings, so navigators can understand the traditional method of position in navigation chat and how to adjust according to the method of Weighted Point of Intersection.


Offshore energy exploration and geophysical research activities using seismic airgun arrays are known to generate intense underwater sound. Such seismic imaging has the potential to impact marine mammals through hearing impairment and behavioral modification. Few studies have investigated multipath propagation and reverberation from these airgun impulses. These phenomena could increase the duty cycle within the sound field sufficiently to impact long distance communication or result in detrimental acoustic masking for marine mammals. We report initial findings on the elevation of the sound level between airgun impulses during a shallow, open-water seismic survey. This work uses continuous recordings collected from three bottom-mounted hydrophones deployed in the Beaufort Sea in summer 2012. A quantitative method is used to examine the root-mean-squared noise levels between seismic impulses and the noise level dependence on source range. Preliminary results show that ambient noise increases above non-impulsive harassment levels defined by the National Marine Fisheries Service (120 dB re: 1 microPa) for a portion of the time between seismic impulses at intermediate ranges from the source. In addition, the duration of reverberation is related to the source range, with significantly longer decay times measured on hydrophones at greater distances from the source.


Abstract The growth of the sugar industry covering the period since the Industrial Revolution is described on a worldwide basis. Illustrations link the interplay between trade and technology. Factory size and efficiency have increased remarkably between 1830, when automatic temperature control was first introduced, and 1962 when computer control of factory processes began. However, difference in labour productivity still obtain between the modern factories of Queensland and Europe on the one hand, and the developing world on the other. Whilst during the latter part of the 19th and early part of the 20th Centuries, the technological and economic advantage were on the side of the beet industry, the recent rise in energy prices, coupled with the virtual demise of refining, may swing the pendulum back towards cane in the developing world. The beet industry is also vulnerable to the recent growth of sugar made in factories from maize. After 150 years of sustained growth, there is now a recent, but definite, de...