C32H32M112N8O12, orthorhombic, Pccn (no. 56), a = 13.028(2) Â, b = 19.081(3) Â, c = 7.261(1) Â, V = 1805.0 A, Ζ = 2, Rgi(F) = 0.029, wR^F) = 0.075, Γ =291 Κ. Source of material Mn(CH3COO)2 4H20 (0.123 g, 0.5 mmol) and 4,4'-bipyridine (0.96 g, 0.5 mmol) were refluxed in anhydrous methanol (10 ml) for 50 min, then, cyanoacetic acid (0.88 g, 1 mmol) was added. The pH value was adjusted to 3 with 0.5 M CH3COOH solution. The mixture was further stirred for 2 h, then filtered. The resulting clear solution was diffused with diethyl ether vapor at room temperature for two weeks. Dark green crystals were obtained, collected by fíltration and dried in air (yield, 0.156 g, 37 %). Elemental analysis — found: C, 46.48 %; H, 34.59 %; N, 13.46 %; calculated for C32H32N80i2Mn2: C, 46.27 %; H, 34.88 %; N, 13.49 %. IR data are available in the CIF. Experimental details The positions of the water hydrogen atoms were found from Fourier difference synthesis and refined isotropically. The remaining hydrogen atoms were generated theoretically, and included as fixed contributions without futher refinement. Discussion The chemistry of complexes with multidentate ligands such as 4,4'-bipyridine have gained much interest because of their use as models in biological systems, organic reactions, and as fluorescent materials [1-4]. 4,4'-Bipyridine is an excellent rod-like Afunctional ligand. It has been extensively employed as the rigid organic building block for the construction of the infinite 1D, 2D, 3D atomic arrangements [5-7]. Manganese is an essential trace element, forming the active sites in metalloproteins [8]. Potential importance of manganese complexes is evidenced as active site in photosystem Π (PSII) which is a tetranuclear manganese complex [9]. It plays a vital role in many enzymatic systems such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, dioxygenase and catalase where mononuclear manganese active centers are present [10], The title crystal structure consists of manganese complexes with cyanoacetic acid anions, bridged via 4,4'-bipy molecules, with the Μη -Mn separation of 11.558 Â. The Μη(Π) ions are coordinated with two cyanoacetic acid, two waters and two 4,4bipyridine molecules. The Μη(Π) ions adopt a distorted octhedral coordination Ν2θ4, maybe due to the Jahn-Teller effect. The two oxygen atoms are from the coordinated water molecules, the other two oxygen atoms are from the cyanoacetic acid anions, and two nitrogen atoms are from two 4,4-bipyridine molecules, respectively. The nitrogen atoms from the 4,4'-bipy molecules are located in the axial positions, the oxygeon atoms occupy the equatorial positions. The cyanoacetic acid anions display the monodentate coordination fashion, while the 4,4'-bipy molecules adopted a bidentate coordination mode. The bond distances of Mnl—Nl, Mnl—02, Mnl—03 are 2.256(1) Â, 2.177(1) Â, 2.235(2) Â, respectively, being in the range found for other Mn complexes [11,12]. The Nl '-Mnl-Nl group and the 0 2 M n l 02 group are linear by symmetry. The torsion angles of 02'— Mnl-02-C6, 03-Mnl-02-C6, 03'-Mnl-02-C6, and Nl ' Mnl-02-C6 are 119(3)°, 22.2(2)°, -157.8(2)°, -66.7(2)°, respectively (symmetry code i: -x,-y,-z). The pyridinyl ring C l C2-C3-C4—C5-N1 is almost planar with the average deviation from the ring plane is 0.054 Â, and the maximum deviation are -Q081Â for Nl, and +0.006 Â for CIA, respectively. The three-dimensional supramolecular framework is constructed by hydrogen bonds 0-H(W)O Unking the neighboring molecules. Both kinds of hydrogen bonds 03-H1W-01, [03HlW-Ol = 2.679(2) À, 167(2)°], and 03-H2W -01, [03H2W—Ol" = 2.934(2) Â, 146(2)° (symmetry code ii: -x,-y,-z+1 )] ; are formed by the oxygen atoms from cyanoacetic acid anions. Several one-dimensional channles along [010] are formed by the 4,4'-bipy molecules and cyanoacetic acid anions. * Correspondence author (e-mail: email@example.com) 194 Mn2( 2 CTf/obsi, 1317 H(7A) 8e 0.2106 -0.1640 0.2814 0.049 N(param)nfind: 132 H(7B) 8e 0.2319 -0.1077 0.4341 0.049 Programs: SHELXS-97 [13], SHELXL-97 [14], H(1W) 8e -0.065(2) -0.0147(7) 0.309(3) 0.073(9) SHELXTL [15] H(2W) 8e -0.070(2) 0.0545(8) 0.324(3) 0.09(1) Table 3. Atomic coordinates and displacement parameters (in Â). Atom Site χ y z Un U-n f/33 U12 t/13 U23 Mn(l) 4a 0 0 0 0.0301(2) 0.0240(2) 0.0320(3) -0.0066(2) -0.0003(2) -0.0003(2) 0(1) 8e 0.0127(1) -0.08877(8) 0.4030(2) 0.0437(8) 0.059(1) 0.050(1) 0.0112(7) 0.0103(7) 0.0134(8) 0(2) 8e 0.10810(9) -0.06403(6) 0.1549(2) 0.0390(7) 0.0399(8) 0.0362(9) -0.0026(6) -0.0007(6) 0.0059(7) CX3) 8e -0.0870(1) 0.02116(9) 0.2594(2) 0.0465(8) 0.0455(9) 0.043(1) 0.0059(8) 0.0051(7) -0.0009(8) N(l) 8e 0.0989(1) 0.09545(7) 0.0458(2) 0.0337(8) 0.0263(8) 0.047(1) -0.0064(6) -0.0022(7) -0.0009(7) N(2) 8e 0.1179(2) -0.2251(1) 0.6318(3) 0.064(1) 0.072(1) 0.060(2) 0.001(1) -0.009(1) 0.023(1) C(l) 8e 0.2009(1) 0.0929(1) 0.0471(3) 0.037(1) 0.024O) 0.090(2) -0.0015(8) -0.010(1) 0.002(1) C(2) 8e 0.2624(1) 0.15161(9) 0.0552(3) 0.0285(9) 0.029(1) 0.093(2) -0.0032(8) -0.008(1) -0.001(1) C(3) 8e 0.2184(1) 0.21760(8) 0.0637(2) 0.0318(9) 0.0261(9) 0.027(1) -0.0056(7) -0.0011(8) -0.0015(8) C(4) 8e 0.1128(1) 0.21987(9) 0.0663(3) 0.032(1) 0.027(1) 0.069(2) -0.0026(8) 0.001(1) -0.008(1) C(5) 8e 0.0570(1) 0.1589(1) 0.0567(3) 0.0270(9) 0.035(1) 0.072(2) -0.0060(8) 0.0017(9) -0.008(1) C(6) 8e 0.0922(1) -0.09305(9) 0.3066(3) 0.036(1) 0.031(1) 0.037(1) -0.0026(8) -0.0028(9) -0.0030(9) C(7) 8e 0.1797(1) -0.1381(1) 0.3821(3) 0.038(1) 0.045(1) 0.039(1) 0.0035(9) -0.0007(9) 0.001(1) C(8) 8e 0.1457(2) -0.1872(1) 0.5222(3) 0.041(1) 0.044(1) 0.042(2) 0.0056(9) -0.0099(9) -0.001(1) Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 20771054) and the Natural Science Foundation of Henan province (grant no. 0311021200).


Great was the shock, and much the grief, when it was first made known that Dr. Munro Smith was suffering from an incurable disorder. It was known to himself and some colleagues that for a year or two he had patiently put up with much discomfort from some internal trouble, but when, in a tragic manner whilst operating, he fainted and was taken home ill, it was evident that the strong man was failing, that something serious was going on, and when a few days later we heard that the operator could do no more than relieve by colotomy, it


Purpose To investigate the relationship between MTDH expression and clinical pathology and VEGF expression of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods MTDH and VEGF expression in the carcinomas and adjacent normal tissues was detected by the immunohistoehemical method in 328 cases of NSCLC treated with surgery.The relationship between VEGF,clinicopathologial data and MTDH were analyzed.Results MTDH expression of the cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues and its over and ectopic expression was positively correlated with the expression of VEGF,histological grade,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC(P0.05).Conclusion Overexpression or ectopic expression of MTDH in NSCLC suggests poor prognosis,which may be acted as an important regulatory factor of angiogenesis involving in cancer growth,metastasis and proliferation in coordination with VEGF.Joint detection of them can be used as a NSCLC potential metastatic and prognostic factor.


With the continuous popularity of M-commerce,the user of the function and quality of services have become increasingly demanding.Through the service component that can be integrated for a single Web services more powerful,higher-quality services to better meet the needs of M-commerce application requirements.In this paper,combining the service component and the M-commerce,describes the service-oriented architecture for M-commerce systems,and on this basis to build an implementation framework of service component in M-commerce,current popular service component methods are divided into process-driven and semantic-driven two major categories,and analyzes the characteristics of various types of methods,gives the quality of the service component of the program evaluation model in M-commerce.


Program Description: A neurobiology for all clinical types of tinnitus is emerging, reflecting advances in the neuroscience of brain function and the cochleovestibular system. The electrophysiologic identification of brain functions activated in the presence of the tinnitus signal can provide a basis for translation to optimize tinnitus diagnosis and treatment. This miniseminar will focus on electrophysiology and tinnitus. Electrophysiologic markers of ear and brain function have been identified in subjective idiopathic tinnitus patients of all clinical types. This clinical experience has been reflective predominantly of site of lesion testing of cochleovestibular function. Tinnitus is an aberrant auditory percept. Advances in the neuroscience of brain imaging, sensory physiology, auditory physiology, brain function, and tinnitus have provided the otolaryngologist and all tinnitus professionals methods for objectification of the subjective tinnitus complaint. This miniseminar will initially review the past and present experience with electrophysiologic markers for tinnitus of cochleovestibular function. Second, the focus will be on presentation of two methods of objectification for the identification of electrophysiologic markers of tinnitus in brain as follows: 1) Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) and 2) low resolution electromagnetic tomography (Loreta). In this miniseminar, the fourth in a series examining tinnitus, each speaker will examine an electrophysiologic technique and then provide case discussions to examine the use of this technique in treatment selection. Educational Objectives: 1) Understand the neurobiology of tinnitus. 2) Understand the availability of the use of electrophysiologic outcomes to provide objectivity for the subjective tinnitus complaint. 3) Recognize how established methodologies of recording electrophysiology of the ear and brain can be applied to the tinnitus patient.


Abstract The faculty and administration of a school of education in the mid-Atlantic region formally adopted a standards-based, conceptual framework that reflects the values articulated by the faculty and the outcomes for students as they prepare for and develop in their professions. Faculty and administrators agreed to use the framework as the basis for examining professional programs, academic courses, and professional experiences, as well as for governing interactions with one another as colleagues. This article describes the conceptual framework, its goals, research used to evaluate the framework, and the outcomes attained.


: Leucocytoclastic vasculitis and skin necrosis following subcutaneous heparin calcium. J. H. Kearsley, R. W. Jeremy and A. S. Coates, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1982, 12, pp. 288–289.

Low dose heparin calcium is of proven value in the prevention of post-operative deep venous thrombosis, and has been shown to reduce the incidence of fatal pulmonary embolism/ Adverse local reactions, most commonly haemorrhage, are seldom troublesome, but we report here a patient in whom extensive skin necrosis occurred at the sites of subcutaneous heparin calcium injection.


Introduction Nematic electronic order is believed to play an important role in understanding superconductivity in ironbased and copper oxide superconductors. FeSe is an ideal system to study this interplay as the nematic phase below 87K is manifested via a strong distortion of the Fermi surface, which has been linked to the lifting of the orbital degeneracy of the Fe dxz/dyz bands and the development of dxy orbital anisotropy [1,3]. Another peculiarity of FeSe is the strong disparity in band renormalization between the degenerate dxz/dyz bands compared with a much stronger effect for the dxy band, as determined from angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) at high temperatures [1]. Chemical pressure may mimic the behaviour of applied hydrostatic pressure by bringing the FeSe layers closer together, potentially increasing the bandwidth and suppressing the electronic correlations. Thus, isoelectronic substitution in superconducting FeSe1-xSx is an alternative tuning parameter which may provide new insight into the interplay of the nematic order found in the parent compound, and the induced magnetic order and enhanced superconductivity found under physical pressure. Experimental We have performed magneto-transport measurements on different crystals of FeSe1-xSx as a function of temperature down to 0.4K and different orientations in magnetic field up to 45T, as shown in Fig.1. Summary of our results We have investigated the evolution of the complex Fermi surfaces and electronic interactions across the nematic phase transition in single crystals of FeSe1-xSx using Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in high magnetic fields up to 45T in the low temperature regime. The unusually small and strongly elongated Fermi surface of FeSe [1,4,5] increases monotonically with chemical pressure, x, due to the suppression of the in-plane anisotropy except for the smallest orbit which suffers a Lifshitz-like transition once nematicity disappears, as shown in Fig.1d [6]. Even outside the nematic phase the Fermi surface continues to increase, in stark contrast to the reconstructed Fermi surface detected in FeSe under applied external pressure [2]. We detect signatures of orbital-dependent quasiparticle mass renomalization suppressed for those orbits with dominant dxz/yz character, but unusually enhanced for those orbits with dominant dxy character [6]. The lack of enhanced superconductivity outside the nematic phase in FeSe1-xSx suggests that nematicity may not play the essential role in enhancing Tc in these systems. Acknowledgements A portion of this work was performed at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-1157490 and the State of Florida. This work was mainly supported by EPSRC (EP/L001772/1, EP/I004475/1, EP/I017836/1). References [1] Watson, M.D., et al., PRB 91, 155106 (2015); [2] Terashima, T. et al., PRB 93, 094505 (2016); [3] Watson, M.D., et al., PRB 92, 121108 (2015); [4] Watson, M.D., et al., PRL 115, 027006 (2015); [5] Terashima, T. et al., PRB 90, 144517 (2014); [6] Coldea, A.I. et. al., arXiv: 1611.07424 (2016).


The first part of article reveals some theoretical discussions of P. Boulez about the notion of taste. It helps to illustrate the tendency of new music to explain the necessity of its own existence with turning to philosophy. The second part gives some examples of the basic formal and thematic constants in the music of K. Stockhausen and J. Cage.


Japan is one of the areas where earthquake occurs most to be located in border of oceanic plate and continental plate (See Figure 1-1). Japan had 22% of all the big earthquakes exceeding magnitude 6.0 that occurred in the world after 1995, as shown in Figure 1-2. Sewer system is one of the most important lifelines, because it is indispensable to keep the city clean by removing wastewater even after earthquakes. At the same time, it prevents secondary disaster so that the rainwater may not flood the city.


Background To investigate the role of miR-186 in the carcinogenesis and metastasis of human urothelial bladder cancer and its potential target protein. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect miR-186 expression in human urothelial bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. Then, Bioinformatics analysis, combined with luciferase reporter assay demonstrated the miR-186's target gene and protein. Finally, the roles of miR-186 in regulation of tumor proliferation and invasion were further investigated by MTT assay and transwell assay. Results MiR-186 was down-regulated in human urothelial bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-186 targets HMGN5 3'-untranslated region (UTR) directly and suppresses HMGN5 expression in human urothelial bladder cancer cells. HMGN5 siRNA- and miR-186-mediated HMGN5 knock-down experiments revealed that miR-186 suppresses cell proliferation and invasion through suppression of HMGN5 expression. Expression analysis of a set of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers showed that HMGN5 involves miR-186 suppressed EMT which reducing the expression of mesenchymal markers (vimentin and N-cadherin) and inducing the expression of epithelial marker (E-cadherin). Conclusions MiR-186 is the upstream regulator of HMGN5. MiR-186-suppressed HMGN5 is a potential novel therapeutic approach for human urothelial bladder cancer.


In recent years, the form factors of computers and the ways in which we interact with them have undergone a dramatic change. Three decades after the widespread adoption of graphical user interfaces with mouse and keyboard, there are now more smartphones in the world than there are desktop PCs. Interaction by touch is becoming the norm, rather than an exception. The ongoing advances in sensor and display technologies, CPUs, and wireless networks are a continuous source of innovation with novel devices ranging from very large displays to small wearables such as smart watches or augmented reality glasses. All these new devices will keep pushing researchers to envision new interaction possibilities that extend or completely replace traditional mouse and keyboard input for non-desktop scenarios.


Abstract The influence of age of Schiff's reagent on the response of the Feulgen-DNA mastitis test was determined in an initial experiment. The average reflectance Feulgen-DNA values were always higher (indicating less DNA) in aged than in fresh Schiff's reagents, and this difference usually increased with each increase in age of the reagents. The Schiff's reagent should be discarded after 2 wk, when the color intensity is determined by reflectance spectrophotometry, or after 3–4 wk when the color is scored against a Standard color chart. The pH, California Mastitis Test (CMT), Milk Quality Test (MQT), Michigan Mastitis Test (MMT), catalase test, and reflectance Feulgen-DNA test values were determined on 40 milk samples after zero, one, two, three, and four days of storage. The CMT, MQT, and MMT gelation tests declined 0.5, 0.6, and 0.5 of a score, respectively, between Days zero and four. The pH, catalase, and reflectance Feulgen-DNA values were unaffected by the four-day storage period.


To assess the energy effectiveness of a double-envelope house, an Ekose'a-design house has been monitored. Thermal characteristics of the house and the amount of auxiliary backup heat required in the heating season are assessed. House thermal behavior during representative days in the swing or cooling season is determined, and integrated or averaged monthly results homogeneous patterns of daily performance and to point out the effect of various thermal parameters, especially the daily insolation and total degree hours, on the building thermal characteristics. To further modify or improve the thermal design of the house, several experimental simulations were adopted. The air-envelope loop was blocked at the southern cross section of the crawl space. The upper row of glazing panels of the upper skylight was covered with movable R-19 insulation cover, and small 1/8-hp fans were mounted in the attic area to force down the warmed stagnant air through plastic ducts into the crawl space. The observed effects of these experiments are characterized and assessed. The solarium in the air envelope as a thermal collector and the loop as thermal distributor have been of special interest in the investigation. The flow movements in the loop are investigated with one-time flow measurements, andmore » future continuous experiments are planned. The mechanism of ground thermal storage has been investigated with ground temperature measurements at various levels and quantization of ground thermal couplings with respect to the air in the crawl space. Whether the house can be adequately cooled by passive cooling, that is, by using the underground cooling air tube and the attic louvers, is also assayed.« less


Transculturation processes and the formation of identity are analyzed in this investigation into the emblematic politics of the Primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno (First new chronicle and good government) of Guamán Poma de Ayala (ca. 1616). Understood as pluricultural acts of discourse between Andean cosmological visions and the new systems of European cultural codification, this study follows the emblematic chronicler from Poma on the subject of colonial education and the Ladino Indian, through structured relations fixed between space, icon, and symbol. The careful iconographic arrangement of the drawings of Guamán are the result of conscient knowledge of the usefulness of the image and its didactic, persuasive, propagandistic, and mnemotechnic potential. Learning the reading and writing of the Castilian language will be presented here as one of the most effective social instruments in the colonial order and in the defense of native Indians before Viceroyal authorities. Mastery of writing sets the foundation for shaping a multiple and transcultural non-exclusive identity, which shows evidence of dialogic and effective communication of a cultural memory, the result of the negotiation of two identities, one from the awareness of the pre-Hispanic past and another orderly realignment in accordance with European cultural patterns.


The selected hadith dominates the content of the quotations, followed by al-Hasan al-Basri, Jesus, and a variety of early Arab authors, Caliphs and Sufis. The Biblical, Quranic and Arabian legendary figures are similar to those who appear in Kitab al-Mawt and Kitab al-Qubur. As in the latter, the isnad procedure is the only structural unity in an otherwise random presentation (pp. 17-19) in this work oizuhd where "Love of this world is pronounced to be the root of all sins and the epitome of evil" (p. 19). Dr. Ella Almagor summarizes her assessment of its worth by remarking (p. 25): "Popular though it is, the many Prophetic traditions cited in Kitab Dhamm al-Dunyd, its meticulously adduced isnads and its predominantly classical style lend it an aura of scholarly respectability. Its eclectic character notwithstanding, the work remains solidly within the mainstream of Islamic tradition". This work would appear to have had no little influence upon al-Ghazali, amongst others. "The idea that Ibn Abl al-Dunya's work was before al-Ghazall when he wrote these chapters of the Ihya' seems on the whole very tempting. At the same time, the possibility that there existed a third source, either early and common to both, or intermediate between them, is not to be excluded" (p. 27). Besides the Arabic text itself, well annotated with variants and with relevant notes at the foot of each page, the book has five indexes; Qur'anic verses, proper names, toponyms, rhymes of first verses and a comprehensive, though entitled "selected", bibliography of works both Arabic and Western relevant to the study of the work itself and of the background to the author and his world which he so despised. There is no doubt that this text was well worth editing and publishing. It is of considerable interest to both Arabists and Islamists. Dr. Ella Almagor is very generous to her helpers in her Preface. The Arabic version of the Introduction by Anton Shammas is most valuable and it is much hoped that it will inspire Arab readers to study the works of Ibn Abi'l-Dunya, whose Dhamm al-malahi is an important source for a knowledge of early Arabic music.


This chapter examines shell rings of the Georgia Coast. I argue that the vast majority of shell rings represent co-residential village communities, and thus are some of the earliest villages in eastern North America. I identify several types of collective action problems that the formation of villages likely presented to shell ring inhabitants at both the village and landscape scales. I suggest that there were several solutions to these problems, none of which required top-down hierarchical control. Instead, I present a narrative that explains the functioning of these villages as a highly cooperative, self-organizing hunter-gatherer system, rooted in local and regional interaction through rituals and the maintenance of collective mass capture facilities and fishing technology, and management of resources in the context of surplus production.


Overview of ocean dumping in South Central, US. Includes materials dumped in the Region, ocean dumping permits issues, dredged material testing guidance, ocean disposal site descriptions and information, regional dredging teams and other partnerships


aniline into the system and isolating them as anilinoquinones. It was found that by the action of tyrosinase on phenol in presence of aniline a bright red precipitate was obtained, which crystallised from ether as bright red needles having the characteristics of an anilinoquinone. Tests showed that a maximum yield of this deposit was obtained at pH 6-5-7-0. The experiments were therefore carried out at PH about 6-7. The action of tyrosinase in presence of aniline was investigated first of all on phenol and on catechol, then on the cresols and on homocatechol.


Abstract 3809 Introduction: Two DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, azacitidine and decitabine, are currently approved for the treatment of myleodysplastic syndrome (MDS) according to the results of several Phase II and III trials, which have demonstrated the efficacy of the agents. Despite widespread clinical use of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, one of important practical issues is which drug should be chosen. In this retrospective study, we tried to compare azacitidine and decitabine for the treatment of MDS in regards to treatment response, toxicities, and survival. Methods: Between September 2006 and October 2010, a total of 149 patients were treated with either azacitidine (n=75) or decitabine (n=74) for MDS defined by the WHO classification and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) in 3 Korean institutes; all are included in this analysis. Azacitidine 75 mg/m2/day was administered as a subcutaneous injection for 7 consecutive days and decitabine 20 mg/m2/day as a 1-hour intravenous infusion for 5 consecutive days. Both agents were repeated every 4 weeks. Treatment response was evaluated using modified International Working Group response criteria. Results: Median age of the patients, 100 males and 49 females, was 60 years (range, 23–83). WHO subtype at the time of decitabine treatment was RA in 18, RARS in 2, RCMD in 28, RCRS in 5, RAEB-1 in 46, RAEB-2 in 39, unclassified in 2, and CMML in 9. IPSS risk category was low/intermediate-1 in 72 and intermediate-2/high in 72. Median number of courses delivered to each patient was 5 (range, 1–31) for azacitidine and 4 (range, 1–24) for decitabine (P=0.033). Hematologic responses (CR/PR/mCR) were induced in 9 patients (12.0%) with azacitidine and in 22 (29.7%) with decitabine (P=0.008). The rates of overall response (CR/PR/mCR/HI) was not significantly different between azacitidine (52.0%) and decitabine (63.5%) (P=0.155). Median number of treatment courses to achieve any response was 2 (range, 1–6) for azacitidine and 1 (range, 1–5) for decitabine (P=0.269). Adverse events were evaluated for the first 6 courses for all patients, for a total of 584 courses. Major adverse events were cytopenia and cytopenia-related infection. Grade 3 or higher neutropenia was more frequent with decitabine (79.6%) than with azacitidine (72.2%) (P=0.040), but incidence of febrile episode requiring intravenous antibiotics was similar (12.4% with decitabine vs. 15.4% with azacitidine, P=0.298). Grade 3 or higher non-hematologic toxicities were infrequent and reversible with both agents. Median follow-up duration of surviving patients was 46.9 months (range, 11.8–55.5) for azacitidine and 22.7 months (range 3.3–33.3) for decitabine. Probabilities of overall survival (OS) at 2 years were 43.5% for azacitidine, and 55.5% for decitabine. The difference of OS in favor of decitabine over azacitidine was significant after adjustment for other variables (HR, 0.539; 95% CI, 0.325–0.895; P=0.017). Subgroup analysis showed that the survival superiority of decitabine over azacitidine was evident principally in patients with IPSS low/intermediate-1 (HR, 0.131; P=0.006), MDS duration of 1 year or less (HR, 0.534; P=0.022), or ECOG performance scale of 0–1 (HR, 0.589; P=0.060). In contrast, a tendency was noted for survival superiority of azacitidine over decitabine in patients with MDS duration over 1 year (HR, 2.107; P=0.235) or ECOG scale of 2–3 (HR, 2.492; P=0.074). Conclusions: Although both azacitidine and decitabine were effective in the treatment of patients with MDS, there were some differences between two agents in regards to response patterns, toxicities, and type of subgroups that showed more beneficial effects with the hypomethylating agent. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


We have developed a technique that extends static scanning electron microscopic imaging to include hyperspectral mapping of fast thermal and externally-driven movements at up to Megahertz frequencies. It is based on spectral analysis of the secondary electron flux generated by a focused electron beam incident on the moving object. We demonstrate detection of nanowire Brownian motion and hyperspectral mapping of stimulated oscillations of flea setae with deep sub-nanometer displacement sensitivity.


N HER classic study of conceptions of family member roles, Duvall' designated a conception traditional if it were "what used to be expected," and if the conception was rigidly conceived. On the other hand, the conception which she designated as developmental was characterized as one emphasizing growth and development of the individual rather than specific behavioral conformities.2 Although little empirical evidence has been obtained which reveals the extent to which members of the same family agree in their conceptions of these family member roles, clinical observation has indicated that familial conflict is not infrequently a function of differences in family member role expectations. Too, several studies have pointed out that significant differences in the conceptions of family member roles exist between groups and afford important insights into the behavioral correlates of these conceptions.3 To date only one study4 has appeared in which evidence has been presented concerning the differences in conceptions of mothers, fathers, and children from the same families. No significant differences were found to exist between the conceptions of college students and their fathers or between the students and their mothers; however, the students' conceptions reflected a greater acceptance of a developmentally oriented viewpoint than either their fathers or mothers. There was some indication that the parents and children alike favored a more traditional role for children than for parents; however, the largest number of subjects responded in such a manner as to make their classification into a traditional-developmental dichotomy arbitrary. Many of the subjects checked approximately an equal number of traditional and developmental items, indicating a conception intermediate between traditional and developmental viewpoints. The study herein reported describes an extension of the investigation mentioned above, and presents evidence concerning the extent to which mothers, fathers, and their children agree with * The authors wish to express appreciation to the Florida State University Research Council for financial support of the research on which this paper is based, and to Dr. Theodore B. Johannis, Jr., University of Oregon, for his contribution in the development of the instrument which was used in the study. I Evelyn Millis Duvall, "Conceptions of Parenthood," The American Journal of Sociology, 52 (1946), pp. 193-203. 2 Detailed operational definitions of traditional and developmental family member role conceptions have been presented by Duvall, ibid.; and by Ruth Connor, Theodore B. Johannis, Jr., and James Walters, "ParentAdolescent Relationships. II. Intra-familial Conceptions of the Good Father, Good Mother, and Good Child," Journal of Home Economics, 46 (1954), pp. 187-191. 3 Duvall, op. cit.; Rachael-Ann L. Elder, "Traditional and Developmental Conceptions of Fatherhood," Marriage and Family Living, 11 (1949), pp. 98-100, 106; Robert 0. Blood, "A Situational Approach to the Study of Permissiveness in Child Rearing," American Sociological Review, 18 (1953), pp. 84-87. Duvall's results indicated that "mothers of lower social classes, Negroes, and those with older children tend to have more traditional conceptions than do mothers of higher status, white mothers, and those with younger children." Elder found that fathers of two or more children were significantly more developmentally oriented than were fathers of one or two children and that skilled tradesmen tended to be developmentally oriented while semi-skilled tradesmen tended to be traditionally oriented. Traditional fathers placed significantly more emphasis on commercialized spectator events, movies, and sports, while developmental fathers placed more emphasis on mutual activities. The children of traditionally oriented fathers were disciplined for a significantly larger number of reasons and for a greater variety of reasons, but received fewer kinds of discipline. A significant difference between responses of traditionally and developmentally oriented fathers was noted with regard to housework, the developmentally oriented fathers indicating that they should help regularly with the housework more frequently than did the traditionally oriented fathers. Blood's findings indicated that parents who adhere to a developmental conception are significantly more permissive in their child rearing practices than are parents who are traditionally oriented. 4Connor, Johannis, and Walters, op. cit.


Lay Summary We investigated whether guppies, a small freshwater fish, occupy consistent positions in social networks. We manipulated the pool habitat of guppies by increasing or decreasing the surface area and found that guppies maintained individual-level differences in the time spent being social and in social preferences across variable environmental conditions. We then indicate the ecological and evolutionary consequences of this phenomenon using simulations.


Purpose – This paper aims to present approaches towards improving some specific infrastructure maintenance principles, strategies, models and practices, based on a recent study of bridge management systems in Hong Kong. A specific goal is to develop better informed and more systematic approaches to condition assessment, deterioration forecasting, and maintenance decision making over the life‐cycle of the built asset.Design/methodology/approach – Improved performance prediction and decision‐making approaches are developed and presented based on a research exercise to formulate a maintenance management framework for concrete bridge elements in Hong Kong. This includes for example, the presentation of decision‐making approaches for optimizing inspection intervals on bridge expansion joints.Findings – The findings show that judicious integration is needed in incorporating valuable elements of, and lessons learned from, previous practice with proposed new strategies/ principles, models and practices for specif...


We formulate explicit bounds to guarantee the exponential dissipation for some non-gradient stochastic differential equations towards their invariant distributions. Our method extends the connection between Gamma calculus and Hessian operators in $L^2$--Wasserstein space. In details, we apply Lyapunov methods in the space of probabilities, where the Lyapunov functional is chosen as the relative Fisher information. We derive the Fisher information induced Gamma calculus to handle non-gradient drift vector fields. We obtain the explicit dissipation bound in terms of $L_1$ distance and formulate the non-reversible Poincar{\'e} inequality. An analytical example is provided for a non-reversible Langevin dynamic.


The objectives of this study were to measure the extent to which first time car buyers understand the National Credit Act in relation to using balloon payment as a vehicle finance method, and explore the first time car buyers' perceived extent to which balloon payment vehicle finance method is aligned with the provisions of the National Credit Act (Act No 34 of 2005). The study was driven by the observed reported continued loss of cars by some consumers as a result of failure to meet all provisions of balloon car financing contract. Based on simple random sampling approach, a self-administered standardized questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 71 Pretoria based respondents who had purchased motor vehicles using balloon financing method. Data was processed and analyzed using SPSS version 21 statistical program for windows. Based on the Cronbach's alpha and Keiser-Meyer Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy (MSA) values, the research instrument's items met the internal consistency and sampling adequacy requirements. The results on the frequencies and descriptive statistics indicate that first time car buyers who purchased cars using the balloon payment finance method did not understand the National Credit Act with respect to entering into a balloon payment contracts. Moreover, the respective car buyers perceived that the provisions contained in the balloon car loan plan were not aligned with the provisions of the National Credit Act. Keywords: balloon payment, National Credit Act, first time car buyers, balloon contract


The paper describes the experiences we got from the implementation of a series of syntax-directed editors within an incremental and integrated software development environment. The implementation of all editors is based on the same conceptual ideas for specification and realization which is called graph technology. It is specific for the project a part of which we describe here. Using graph technology yields a very similar software architecture for all editors. We explain the development of such a standard architecture and also outline some specific differences resulting from the corresponding application areas.


Language is the media of human culture and is essential to communication among human beings.Since language is closely related to culture,it is necessary to have efficient knowledge to comprehend an article.This paper attempts to introduce the cultural elements by analyzing the relationship between Japanese culture and Japanese reading course.


To solve the housing damage problem of a fractured compressor blade (CB) caused by an impact on the inner casing of a gas turbine in the seventh stage (from 15 stages), modifications of the trailing edge (TE) of the CB have been proposed, namely 6.5 mm curved cutting and a combination of 4 mm straight cutting with 6.5 mm curved cutting. The simulation results of the modifications in both aerodynamics variables Cl and Cd and the pressure ratio, including structural dynamics such as a normalized power spectrum, frequency, total deformation, equivalent stress, and the safety factor, found that 6.5 mm curved cutting could deliver the aerodynamics and structural dynamics similar to the original CB. This result also overcomes the previous work that proposed 5.0 mm straight cutting. This work also indicates that the operation of a CB gives uneven pressure and temperature, which get higher in the TE area. The slightly modified CB can present the difference in the properties of both the aerodynamics and the structural dynamics. Therefore, any modifications of the TE should be investigated for both properties simultaneously. Finally, the results from this work can be very useful information for the modification of the CB in the housing damage problem of the other rotating types of machinery in a gas turbine power plant.


To reduce the cost of ore production and increase the economic benefits of mine,a study of structure parameters on sublevel caving was carried out.Based on large space structural parameters theory and nine sets of different structural parameters turned from orthogonal experiments,the laboratory ore drawing experiment and computer ore drawing numerical simulation experiment were conducted using the multi-cell 3D Ore Drawing model.The results from two experiments were then analyzed and compared further by direct analysis approach and Matlab regression analysis approach respectively to find out the influence of each afore-mentioned structural parameter on the ore recovery rate.A reasonable sublevel caving structural parameter thus was established.


Our conventional understanding of the relationship between research paradigms, methods and data analysis in qualitative research suggests that we first hold a worldview (paradigm), which guides our selection of method, which in turn dictates whether we start analyzing data deductively or inductively. However, it is also possible to understand this relationship as flowing in the opposite direction, and thus infer the paradigmatic beliefs of a researcher based on the data analyses he or she produces. In this paper, I compare two analyses I did to the same set of interview data – one started inductively, the other one deductively –, and from there I draw conclusions about the ontological and epistemological beliefs underpinning the two analyses, as well as my own. Similar exercises can help anyone faced with the ill-structured problem of making research design choices, and implicitly urged to fit into a single research paradigm.


This paper investigates natural frequencies of free transverse vibrations of prestressed beams, and the governing equations and natural frequencies of the free vibration in related literatures are discussed and corrected. The differential quadrature methods (DQ) are applied directly to the corrected governing equations to get the the values of natural frequency numerically. Under the simple supported boundary conditions, the natural frequencies of model beam are numerically studied, and the physical parameters of the beam are analyzed respectively. The numerical results show that the natural frequency values increase with the growth of concrete strength and eccentricity of prestressed steels. But with the increase of the span length of beam and values of original prestressing force, the natural frequency values decrease.


Abstract Industrial Biotechnology assembles international industry leaders to adress current topics, in Roundtable Discussions. This issues's Roundtable focuses on marine industrial biotechnology.


GC with headspace-solid phase micro-extraction(HS-SPME) was applied to the determination of tetraethyl lead in water.To attain a higher efficiency in SPME,the PDMS fiber was selected as coating for the micro-extraction,and the extraction was carried out at 60 ℃ for 30 min.The analyte were separated on DB-5 chromatography column and detected by ECD.Linear relationship between values of peak area and mass concentration of tetraethyl lead was kept in the range of 0.05-20.0 μg·L-1,with detection limit(3S/N) of 0.02 μg·L-1.Using water sample as matrix,test for recovery was made by addition of standard solution at 3 concentration levels,values of recovery found were in the range of 87.0%-90.1% with RSD′s(n=7) in the range of 3.7%-4.2%.


Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important source of organic carbon to sustain growth of heterotrophic bacteria. Bacterial utilization of high molecular weight (HMW) (> 30 kDa to 0.22 µm), and low molecular weight (LMW) (>10 kDa to 30 kDa) DOM fractions were investigated. DOM was collected from a station in the Dona Paula Bay, west coast of India, and fractionated into HMW, and LMW size fractions. Each size fraction was inoculated with a natural bacterial population, and incubated over a period of 15 days at room temperature (28 ± 2°C). During the period of incubation, sub-samples were removed and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved carbohydrate (TDCHO), free monosaccharide (MCHO), dissolved uronic acid (DURA), δ 13 C, bacterial abundance (BA), and bacterial production (BP) were measured. The LMW fraction was isotopically heavier (δ 13 C = -23.7 to -21.7 ‰), than the HMW fraction (δ 13 C = -27.0 to -26.2 ‰), and the initial TDCHO content of these fractions were 25 % and 16 %, respectively. DURA content was similar in LMW (7.4 % DOC) and HMW DOM (7.0 % DOC). Bacterial abundance, and production were consistently higher in LMW DOM than HMW DOM. Greater proportions of DOC (35 %), TDCHO (76 %), and DURA (36 %) of the LMW fraction were utilized over the period of incubation than in HMW DOM. This suggests that LMW DOM was most biologically reactive, and hence it was more rapidly utilized than the HMW DOM. It appears that the bioreactivity and origin of dissolved organic matter strongly influenced its utilization by natural heterotrophic bacteria.


Objective To investigate the toxic effect of hemin on primary cultured neurons,astrocytes,and brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs),and the damage effect of hemin with different concentrations on the above cells. Methods (1) Primary cultured neurons,astrocytes and BCECs from the cortex of rats were exposed to different doses of hemin for 2 h,and continue culture of these cells for 24 to 96 h after withdrawing hemin was performed; the cellular morphology was examined under phase-contrast microscope; cellular survival rate was measured with Alama blue staining; and the releasing rate of lactate dehydrogenasing (LDH) was detected with regular biochemical method. (2) Primary cultured cells were exposed to different doses of hemin for 2 h,and continue culture of the cells for 4 h was performed after washing out the hemin; and then,concentrated formic acid was employed to dissociate the cells, and heme content in dissociated cells was measured with spectrophotometer. (3) Primary cultured cells was exposed to different doses ofhemin for 30,60 and 120 min,respectively,and continue culture of the cells for 4 h was performed after washing out hemin; and then,intracellular Fe3+was examined with Prussian blue staining. Results (1) Cultured neurons were injured by a low dose ofhemin (5 mmol/L) with a decreased survival rate by 40.2% and an increased LDH releasing rate by 22.2%; and the pathological changes of cellular morphology were severe after 24 h of exposure to hemin.Following the increased doses ofhemin and time of post-exposure,the cellular death and LDH releasing were increased,and the morphological changes of cells were much severe. (2) The low and medium doses of hemin (5 mmol/L and 25 mmol/L) did not induce cellular death, LDH releasing and morphological changes in astrocytes; and a high dose ofhemin (50 mmol/L) could induce a death rate of astrocytes decreasing by 52.4%, a LDH releasing rate increasing by 31% and obvious morphological changes of astrocytes; however, the injured astrocytes could regenerate fluent cellular monolayer 96 h after exposing to high dose of hemin treatment.(3) Hemin with either low or high dose did not induce any changes in cellular survival,LDH releasing and cellular morphology of BCECs.(4) The heme content in cultured neurons was significantly higher than that in astrocytes and BCECs after hemin treatment for 2 h.(5) The blue Fe3+ stained granules appeared in neurons as early as 30 min after neurons being exposed to hemin, and Fe3+ stained positive cells in neurons were significantly higher than those in astrocytes and BCECs at any dose ofhemin and any time point ofhemin treatment. Conclusion Hemin is highly toxic to neurons, but it can only injure astrocytes at a high dose and it can not induce direct damage in BCECs; free hemin could rapidly enter and accumulate in neurons,but less accumulate in astrocytes and not accumulate in BCECs.

Key words:
Hemin; Primary cultured cell; Cellular injury; Neuron; Astrocyte; Capillaryendothelial cell


Introduction New chemical entities (NCE) synthesized in pharmaceutical laboratories across the world must have desirable physicochemical characteristics like solubility, membrane/ aqueous partition coefficient etc. (1) before they are investigated in in vitro permeability assays. These assays, as their name imply, will determine the apparent permeability of NCE and decide their further destiny as possible active pharmaceutical ingredients. Apparent permeability as molecule property is a composite of the membrane effect and the unstirred water layer (UWL) adjacent to both sides of the barrier. UWL, as stagnant layer, acts as diffusion barrier and ratelimiting factor for rapidly permeating, highly lipophilic drugs. For hydrophilic drugs, the velocity of permeation process will be determined by the permeability through the membrane since the membrane (not the UWL) is the slow step in permeation for such drugs. Many plate-based in vitro assays report permeability in water instead the permeability of the membrane itself (2), leading to underestimation of the mitigating effect of UWL on permeability, which leads to poor correlation between experimental values and fraction absorbed (i.e. bioavailability) in humans. Although considerable effort has been put in developing new permeability models with various types of biomimetic barriers, the influence of the unstirred water layer (UWL) remains poorly studied in such assays. UWL is formed in close proximity of any barrier (biologic or artificial) due to insufficient/ inefficient stirring, which leads to a concentration gradient between the bulk solution and the barrier. It is believed that UWL acts as an additional permeability barrier by reducing the net flux and, as a consequence, the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) of drugs through a barrier.


An analysis of prototroph frequencies in crosses between 7 ad-3A and 10 ad-3B mutants has demonstrated that where a linear order of ad-3B alleles can be specified, the order is consistent with that obtained from complementation maps. The data also provide a working estimate of the sizes of the components of the ad-3 region.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of out-of-school time (OST) science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) activities to differentially influence mathematics achievement in black students. This study utilized propensity score matching to examine the acute effect of OST STEM on the mathematics achievement of black students. A sample of students (N = 3,763) was drawn from the HSLS09/12 for this study. After propensity score matching, a univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted. Participation in OST activities had a statistically significant main effect on the mathematics achievement of black students (d = .18). This is important because the effect size data suggest that black students who participate in STEM-focused OST activities in mathematics will score, on average, higher than approximately 60% of black students who do not participate in these activities. The study contributes to the literature on black student achievement, OST STEM, and the influence of mathematics dispositions on educational outcomes. Recommendations to overcome common OST STEM participation barriers are provided.


Tomatoes1) Tomatoes, cv.'Shin-Hogyoku No. 2'were grown under constant temperature regimes of 17, 15 and 13°C and at two levels of N, P and K in 1964 to study the interaction of those factors on the differentiation and subsequent development of flower buds.2) The plant growth both in bed soil at 2(NPK) (high level of fertilizer) and in volcanic loam at NPK (low level of fertilizer) was promoted at 17°C and restricted in the lower temperature ranges of 15 to 13°C. The seedlings in the 2(NPK) plot grown under the same temperature were larger than those in the NPK plot. The growth was found to be most remarkable at 17°C in the high level of fertilizer as in the previous report (7).3) The differentiation and its subsequent development of flower buds both in bed soil at 2(NPK) and in NPK plots were accelerated at 17°C and retarded in the lower temperature ranges of 15 to 13°C.4) The differentiation and its subsequent development of flower buds in bed soil at 2 (NPK) plot were earlier than those at NPK plot. The most favorable conditions for them were combination of temperature range of 17°C and high level fertilizer (bed soil at 2(NPK)).5) The number of flower buds per plant was increased at 17°C in high level of fertilizer (the bed soil at 2(NPK)) plot, and decreased at the lower temperature of 15 to 13°C. At the lower level of fertilizer (NPK) plot, it was fewer and there was no difference among the temperature ranges of 17, 15 and 13°C.6) From the results in 1963 and 1964 of tomatoes, it was found that effect of high level of fertilizer on the growth, the differentiation and development of flower buds were most marked at 17°C in the temperature ranges from 30 to 13°C (30, 24, 17, 15 and 13°C).Eggplants1) Eggplants, cv.'Kisshin No. 2'were grown under constant temperature regimes of 30, 24, and 17°C and two levels of N, P and K in 1965 to study the interaction of those factors on flower bud differentiation and their subsequent development.2) The plant growth both in bed soil at 2(NPK) and in volcanic loam at NPK was promoted most remarkably at 30°C and restricted in the temperature ranges of 24 to 17°C. The seedlings in the 2(NPK) plot were larger than those in the NPK plot.3) The differentiation and its subsequent development of flower buds both in bed soil at 2(NPK) and NPK plot were promoted at 30°C and retarded in the temperature ranges of 24 to 17°C.4) The differentiation and its subsequent development of flower buds in the 2(N PK) plot were earlier than those in the NPK plot. The morphological differentiation of flower buds was not found at the temperature of 17°C in low level of fertilizer (NPK) in this experiment.5) The number of flower buds both in bed soil at 2(NPK) and in NPK was greatest at 30°C and fewer at 24 and 17°C. The 2(NPK) plot had much more flower buds than the NPK plot.6) In case of eggplants, the effect of high level of fertilizer on growth and the differentiation, development and number of flower buds was small under the low temperature of 17°C, but it was very great under the high temperature of 30°C.


The objective of this study is to examine the current evolutionary stages of management accounting practices in Vietnamese manufacturing and commercial enterprises with refer to the management accounting evolution model proposed by IFAC (1998). The research employs a questionnaire survey to study the management accounting practices which are currently adopted by Vietnamese manufacturing and commercial enterprises. We received 173 answers which is equivalent to 34,6% response rate. The study shows empirical evidence that the majority (69.3%) of the Vietnamese manufacturing and commercial enterprises are in the first two stages of the IFAC model. There are few enterprises (30.7%) reached the Stage 3 and 4 which are the high developmental levels in the IFAC model. Also, it is found that the widely adopted management accounting practices in the Vietnamese manufacturing and commercial enterprises are standard costing, absorption costing, budgeting for product cost controlling, budgeting for revenue, financial ratios analysis, profitability ratio analysis, and profit analysis for products.


The wonderfully intricate irregular gaseous nebula NGC 6302 shows a great range of excitation from the S I to Fe VII forbidden lines. Data obtained with the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) covering the spectral range of wavelengths 1200-3203 and with the image-photon counting system at the Anglo-Australian telescope emphasizing the region of wavelengths 3200-4880 are used for a new determination of the chemical composition of this object. No simple theoretical model can represent the observed intensities. Helium and nitrogen are enhanced in abundance, as noted by previous observers, but the enrichment of nitrogen is a whole order of magnitude. Carbon and oxygen are decreased in abundance, neon and heavier elements show a 'normal' abundance pattern, but calcium and possibly silicon are depleted; presumably they are concentrated in grains.


This research aimed to get empirical evidence of accounting information on initial return of firms that did the Initial Public Offering (IPO) at indonesian stock exchange. In this research used 68 firms that did the IPO from 2010 to 2014. This research using secondary data that obtained through fact book report that published by Indonesian Stock Exchange. This research using two kinds of variables category. First, intial return as dependent variable. Second, current ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, firms size, auditor reputation, and age of firm as independent variable. For hypotheses test using panel regression and t-statistic test. As the result of hypothesis  test, found that return on assets had significant effect on initial return for firms that did IPO at Indonesian Stock Exchange, however current ratio, debt to equity ratio, firms size, auditor reputation and age of firm had no significant effect on initial return for firms that did the IPO at Indonesian Stock Exchange. Keywords : Current Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, Return On Assets, Size, Auditor Reputation , Age Of Firm And Initial Return


The contribution of collective magnetoplasma excitation to the free-carrier absorption in polar, narrow-gap semiconductors is investigated. High-frequency conductivity in the presence of a weak magnetic field is calculated. In contrast to all previous theories the non-spherical, non-parabolic and multivalley conduction band structure is taken into account. The the oretical results are adopted for lead chalcogenides and compared with the experimental data for lead selenide and with recent theories in which band structure effects are neglected.


SYNOPSIS. Myxosoma cephalis n. sp. is described from the brain meninges, gills, jaw bone, crop tissue and buccal cavity of Mugil cephalus Linnaeus (striped mullet) of south Florida. The fresh spore is subspherical in front view, lenticular in side view and averages 14.1 × 11.0 × 9.0 μ (length, width, thickness). The sutural ridge is broad, the sutural line is faintly visible and the polar filaments are coiled 4–5 times. This parasite is apparently associated with an epizootic in mullet.

Three species of beloniform fishes from south Florida waters were examined for myxosporidan parasites. New host records and extensions of ranges are provided for Myxidium sphaericum Thelohan in Strongylura timucu (Walbaum) (timucu), and Ceratomyxa aggregata Davis in Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani) (halfbeak). A single spore of the genus Myxidium was found in the gall bladder of Hemiramphus brasiliensis Linnaeus (ballyhoo).


A novel 3D display approach and system based on spliced view-field is proposed,which consists of an array of mini-projectors and a vertical diffuser.A prototype apparatus is made to demonstrate this method using a 58.4 cm(23 in)LCD and 49 Fresnel lenses of focal length 100 mm,which can display a 3D image with 49 horizontal viewpoints and a small angle pitch of 0.51°.The performance of this system is improved by optimize the image producing algorithm.


One of the most prominent but least understood demographic phenomena in the precontact Southwest is the disappearance of the Hohokam from the valleys of southern Arizona. Despite extensive research, no widely accepted explanation has been offered. We argue that the failure to identify a satisfactory cause is due to excessive focus on catastrophic phenomena and terminal occupations, and a lack of attention to gradual demographic processes. Based on a combination of macro-regional population studies and local research in the lower San Pedro River valley, we present an explanation for gradual population decline precipitated by social and economic coalescence beginning in the late A.D. 1200s. In the southern Southwest an influx of immigrants from the north led to a shift from a dispersed, extensive settlement/subsistence strategy to increased conflict, aggregation, and economic intensification. This shift resulted in diminished health and transformation from population growth to decline. Over approximately 150 years gradual population decline resulted in small remnant groups unable to maintain viable communities. Small, terminal populations were ultimately unable to continue identifiable Hohokam cultural traditions and consequently disappeared from the archaeological record of southern Arizona, either through migration or a shift in lifestyle that rendered them archaeologically invisible.


The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (E-XFEL) will use reentrant beam position monitors (BPMs) in about one quarter of the superconducting cryomodules. This BPM is composed of a radiofrequency (RF) reentrant cavity with 4 antennas and an RF signal processing electronics. Hybrid couplers, near the cryomodules, generate the analog sum and difference of the raw pickup signals coming from two pairs of opposite RF feedthroughs. The resulting sum (proportional to bunch charge) and difference signals (proportional to the product of position and charge) are then filtered, down-converted by an RF front-end (RFFE), digitized, and digitally processed on an FPGA board. The task of CEA/Saclay was to cover the design, fabrication and beam tests and deliver these reentrant cavity BPMs for the E-XFEL linac in collaboration with DESY and PSI. This paper gives an overview of the reentrant BPM sys-tem with focus on the last version of the RF front end electronics, signal processing, and overall system performance. Measurement results achieved with prototypes installed at the DESY FLASH2 linac and in the E-XFEL injector are presented.


IN 1971, the American Red Cross prepared almost three million units of whole blood and approxi480,000 units of concentrated red cells, 200,000 units of platelets, 250,000 units of fresh frozen plasma, and 180,000 units of cryoprecipitate.1 It is estimated that this was only half of the total blood products prepared in this country, and that these products were given to almost three million patients. The steadily increasing use of blood and blood derivatives by physicians of all specialties dictates that these physicians be informed of current advances and recommendations in transfusion therapy. This communication summarizes recent developments in blood storage and component preparation and use. Further, since hepatitis represents the most common serious complication of transfusion, and because many advances have been made recently in donor screening of hepatitis, a brief discussion of post-transfusion hepatitis is included.


We consider the mixing properties of the Swendsen–Wang process for the two-state Potts model or Ising model, on the complete n vertex graph Kn and for the Q-state model on an a×n grid where a is bounded as n→∞.


A simple, rapid and accurate and stability indicating RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of Glibenclamide & Metformin HCL in pure and tablet forms. The method showed a linear response for concentrations in the range of 10-50μg/ml & 500-2500μg/ml using Methanol: Water solution in the ratio (70:30) as the mobile phase with detection at 226 nm and a flow rate of 1 ml/min and the retention time for Glibenclamide and Metformin was found to be 9.2 and 3.8 min respectively.. The value of correlation coefficient were 0.999, &0.998. The method was validated for precision, recovery, ruggedness and robustness. The drug undergoes degradation under acidic, basic, peroxide and thermal degradation conditions. All the peaks of degraded product were resolved from the active pharmaceutical ingredient with significantly different retention time. As the method could effectively separate the drug from its degradation product, it can be employed as a stability indicating one.


In this research, the authors conducted the side-channel attack (SCA)for the XOR in the final round of "SIMON." As of 2021, there is no research about side-channel attacks against SIMON, which makes this paper more worthwhile. As a result, the authors could attack with little computational resources and time, which means that "SIMON" can be weak against side-channel attacks. Furthermore, the authors checked the relationship between the hamming-weight of the round key and the easiness of attacking. The authors confirmed that there was no relationship between them.


Base on the analysis of ISO/IEC 27004: 2009 Information Technology -Security Techniques -Information Security Management Measurement, the approach to measure the effectiveness of an information security management system is presented to ensure the effectiveness of the control measures and the security requirements being satisfied.


It is pointless to apportion blame. But for the sake of environmental credibility and business certainty, the plea has now surely to be that our legislators try to build some constructive middle ground. Anyone who has studied the [climate change] issue in good faith knows that there are no certainties and that it is a risk management issue.


Diesel and hybrid technologies each have the potential to increase light-duty vehicle fuel economy by a third or more without loss of performance, yet these technologies have typically been excluded from technical assessments of fuel economy potential on the grounds that hybrids are too expensive and diesels cannot meet Tier 2 emissions standards. Recently, hybrid costs have come down and the few hybrid makes available are selling well. Diesels have made great strides in reducing particulate and nitrogen oxide emissions, and are likely though not certain to meet future standards. In light of these developments, this study takes a detailed look at the market potential of these two powertrain technologies and their possible impacts on light-duty vehicle fuel economy. A nested multinomial logit model of vehicle choice was calibrated to 2002 model year sales of 930 makes, models and engine- transmission configurations. Based on an assessment of the status and outlook for the two technologies, market shares were predicted for 2008, 2012 and beyond, assuming no additional increase in fuel economy standards or other new policy initiatives. Current tax incentives for hybrids are assumed to be phased out by 2008. Given announced and likely introductions by 2008, hybrids could capture 4-7% and diesels 2-4% of the light-duty market. Based on our best guesses for further introductions, these shares could increase to 10-15% for hybrids and 4- 7% for diesels by 2012. The resulting impacts on fleet average fuel economy would be about +2% in 2008 and +4% in 2012. If diesels and hybrids were widely available across vehicle classes, makes, and models, they could capture 40% or more of the light-duty vehicle market.


A design of phase tunable multi-channel sinusoidal signal generator based on AD9959 was presented.The whole design was based on direct digital frequency synthesis( DDS) technology,and the signal generator was controlled by CY7C68013 based on USB2. 0. The system hardware and software were analyzed and the experimental circuit was set up. Experimental results showed that the frequency of the output signal is stable and frequency switching speed is fast. The source signal can realize the phase difference constant output between any two channels.And the four channels of signal source all can adjust the index of frequency,amplitude and phase independently.


While still obtaining the laser beam and the furnace wall of the light-emitting character for determining the concave-convex shape of the furnace wall surface at the same time the laser light and the self-emission without interfering with, the wider the measuring range and the laser light irradiation range in the vertical direction with respect to the furnace wall surface. Laser on the furnace wall surface inside the slit laser light source (4) for the injection of the laser on the slit light disposed in the heat insulating protection box (3) having a window (2) on the slit, and to reflect the laser beam through the window (2) and a laser-light mirror 5 for irradiating light, the window (2) a heat insulating protection box (3), the image pickup to the furnace wall surface of the reflection light and the furnace wall surface is emitted by characters reflecting the light emitted by the laser light which is incident on the interior of the through the self-emission and the reflected light reflected from the mirror 6 and the imaging mirror (6) is an imaging device 8 for imaging through an optical filter (7).


In this communication, we show that there is general construction to produce non-evolutionary integrable equations from a given integrable evolutionary equation. To support the main theorem, a few examples are explicitly given.


Intrasellar meningiomas are uncommon tumours, and rarely present with acute symptoms. We describe a 63-year-old woman with an intrasellar mass that presented with sudden headache and severe loss of vision. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was consistent with the clinical diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy, but trans-sphenoidal surgery and biopsy unexpectedly revealed an intrasellar meningioma, and excision could not be completed. A subsequent craniotomy was performed in order to remove the remainder of the tumour. Pre-operative differentiation of an intrasellar meningioma from a pituitary macroadenoma is important as it determines the method of surgical excision, but the two lesions may be indistinguishable even with modern neuro-imaging techniques.


Researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have been involved in an ongoing collaboration with Kaiser Permanente's Department of Preventive Medicine, where they have designed a large and epidemiologically sound study exploring the role of "adverse childhood experiences" (ACEs) on social and health outcomes later in life. This research brings a distinct and compelling relationship between ACEs, health risk behaviors, and physical and mental health into awareness. This article outlines these research findings, pointing also to the role of ACEs in homelessness and criminal justice involvement and addressing service delivery implications. Integral Theory is used to explain ACEs as an underlying syndrome, and Restorative Integral Support (RIS) is presented as a useful and flexible intervention model to guide a comprehensive and effective response. Introduction Recent research by Kaiser Permanente and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) strongly implicates childhood traumas, or "adverse childhood experiences" (ACEs), in the ten leading causes of death in the United States. ACEs are associated with a staggering number of adult health risk behaviors, psychosocial and substance abuse problems, and diseases (Felitti, 2003). History may well show that the discovery of the impact of ACEs on noninfectious causes of death was as powerful and revolutionary an insight as Pasteur's once controversial theory that germs cause infectious disease. His ideas were slow to be adopted, but are now universally accepted. Similarly, ACEs parallel what Pasteur offered – an underlying syndrome implicated in noninfectious causes of death. This is truly a remarkable discovery that is likely to change the way in which the field of medicine is viewed and practiced. The impact of ACEs is felt not only in health care, but also in businesses because of employee absenteeism, in homelessness, and in the criminal justice system. ACEs likely cost untold billions of dollars a year. Anda (2005), one of the primary ACE researchers from the CDC, described how shocked and saddened he was to discover ACEs are so distressingly common. The frequent strong and graded relationships between ACEs and a variety of medical conditions were also clear in the findings. The ACE study authors and other researchers provide a useful framework for conceptualizing the lifecourse pathway of ACEs and suggest implications for public health responses. Their contribution is critical in terms of clarifying diagnosis. In their effort to both theoretically explain their work and offer a treatment model for a comprehensive response, the ACE study authors may be interested in learning of Integral Theory and the RIS ("Restorative Integral Support") model. Current treatment for leading causes of death generally is not


We explore the approaches to improving the fabrication of melt‐blown helical microfibers, which have found the applications in sorption and filtration due to their unique morphology and excellent properties. To explore the effect of compatibilizer on the formation of helical microfiber, polypropylene (PP), polyurethane (TPU), and PP grafted with maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MAH) are melt blown to fabricate microfibrous nonwovens. The results of rheological test and differential scanning calorimetry show that the addition of PP‐g‐MAH helps to increase the miscibility of the PP/TPU blends. Two die configurations are used to study the effect of airflow filed on the formation of helical microfibers. The computational fluid dynamics simulation results show that the modified swirl die intensifies the swirling strength of the melt blowing airflow. The addition of compatibilizer and modification of the airflow field both benefit the formation of helical microfibers from polymer blends. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1423–1433


We consider higher ordercorrections tothemag- netic momentaboundproton inatmomic hydrogen anddeu- teriumandtheir consequences fordetermination of,(lp and !ld- We alsoreport on a measurement withmedium-pressure hydrogen deuteride (HD)at10atm,whichistobecompared withtheprevious measurement doneat100atm.We confirm thatthehighpressure usedinformerexperiments caused no systematic effects ata level of10ppb. We alsoreexamined a theoretical uncertainty related toscreening effects intheHD molecule andfoundthatpreviously itwasunderestimated.


1. The electronic control unit of the vehicle suspension, comprising: a sensor that measures the distance between the vehicle wheel assembly and the vehicle frame and generates a sensor signal characterizing it; ! a valve having an inlet connected to a source of pressurized fluid, a working hole connected to the fluid cushion located between the vehicle wheel assembly and the vehicle frame, and an outlet connected to atmosphere; ! motor coupled with said valve to selectively move the valve between the injection position, wherein the inlet is connected in fluid communication with a working hole; release position, in which the working opening is connected with a fluid communication with the outlet port; and a neutral position, in which respective openings are isolated from each other with the impossibility of the fluid; ! a control device connected to said sensor for receiving the sensor signal and generating an output signal for controlling said motor; ! brake system signal generated by a brake system and interconnected with said controller, said brake system signal selected from the group consisting of the signal automatic braking (Automatic Braking System - ABS), brake signal electronically controlled (Electronic Braking System - EBS ) and combinations of them. ! 2. The electronic suspension control apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a remote reference values associated with


The most interest in ultramafic xenoliths related to Ivory Coast diamondiferous kimbrlites is give information on the nature of the lithospheric mantle in West Africa craton.These xenoliths can offer directly important information about upper mantle composition in Man Shield. Knowledge of petrogenesis and geochemical composition is essential to the understanding of many geological phenomena and processes in this area. The present paper is the first general overview of the petrology and geochemistry of representative xenoliths in cretaceous diamondiferous kimberlites from Ivory Coast.


This Special Issue of Powder Metallurgy contains a collection of research papers selected in the 16th International Symposium on Novel and Nano Materials (ISNNM) held in Jeju, Republic of Korea, one of the most beautiful islands in Asia from November 3 to November 6, 2020. The 16th ISNNM was organised by the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute (KPMI), TU Wien and Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Polish Academy of Science. This international symposium was originally planned to be held in Vienna, Austria in July 2020, but was postponed due to the COVID19 pandemic and eventually held in Korea in November of the same year. The 16th ISNNM focused on the overall researches on the nanomaterials including Advanced Materials Processing, Advanced Powder Metallurgy, Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing) and MIM, Characterisation and Modelling, Energy and Functional Materials, Nanocomposites and Nanoporous Materials, Rare Metals and Recycling, Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. In the 16th ISNNM, the latest researches and a state-of-the-art overview of technology in the category of powder metallurgy were presented and discussed. Symposium sessions also included online and offline plenary and invited lectures from distinguished scholars discussing topic ranging from the most recent discovered materials to the latest techniques of production. Manufacture's contributions and exhibits were very useful to promote further interaction between the science and the industry. All selected papers of this special issue went through the peer review process as set by Powder Metallurgy and its publisher, Taylor & Francis. We wish to express our sincere thanks to all the contributors and the staff members of Powder Metallurgy and Taylor & Francis for the publication of the Special Issue on 16th ISNNM.


The year 2014 may be remembered for high expectations and disappointing results. We expected the economy to finally turn the corner. We expected stability after the elections. We expected better service delivery. With the exception of stocks on the JSE reaching new heights, we don't have results worth mentioning.


105 Adres do korespondencji: prof. dr hab. med. Andrzej Langner, Klinika Dermatologiczna, Akademia Medyczna, ul. Koszykowa 82a, 02-008 Warszawa Abstract Acne is one of the most common skin disorder. Systemic isotretinoin is the treatment of choice in the most severe forms of this disease. We present an overview of mechanisms of isotretinoin in the pathogenesis of acne and current guidelines on indications and dosage with more detailed description of potential adverse events.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is metabolic disease causing hyperglicemia due to insulin action anomali. DM can cause cellular changes, including buccal cell. Blood tests are used to diagnosis diabetes, so non-invasive test is required for diagnosis of diabetes. Accordingly, this research aims to design non-invasive system based on artificial neural network for type 2 DM detection using buccal cell images. Buccal cells smears were obtained from 30 subjects suffering from type 2 DM and 30 normal subjects. The smears were stained by using Papanicolaou method. Each slide were observed under digital microscope and were evaluated. The system was designed by using MATLAB with image processing and Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) algorithm to classify features. Buccal cell images were segmented to get features. The features used in this study were nucleus area, nucleus perimeter and nucleus circularity. Nucleus areas and perimeters in type 2 DM group were higher than those in control group with similar nucleus roundness in both groups. Forty nucleus feature datasets were used for training process, while 20 nucleus feature datasets were used for testing process. The optimal PNN value was 0.4 g constant. The optimal accuracy of training was 92.5%, while the optimal accuracy of testing was 90%. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2017; 10(2): pp. 253-259)


In this paper, we revisit the question whether inequality in education and human capital is closely related to income inequality. Using the most popular functional forms describing the relationship between, first, output and human capital and, second, education and human capital, we find that the effect of inequality in schooling on income inequality is very low, even insignificant in an economic sense. This is confirmed by our empirical analysis, since we find that the Gini coefficient of education yields an insignificant coefficient. If we take care of the possible simultaneity using a two-stage least-squares (2SLS) analysis, we find that there is no relationship in the case of non-OECD countries, but a positive relationship is found in the case of OECD countries. Also, we cannot confirm that a more equal distribution of education leads to higher income per capita, even though this result is sensitive to the choice of data.


Control of IgG immune complex formation and deposition is important in determining the nature and extent of subsequent immune effector responses, and appears to be aberrant in some autoimmune diseases. In this study we demonstrate that recombinant soluble FCγRII (rsFcγRII) is an effective modulator of immune complex formation, delaying immune precipitation in a manner which is dose‐dependent, and can be specifically inhibited by anti‐FcγRII MoAb Fab' fragments. This inhibitory role in immune precipitation also provides a possible mechanist explanation for our previous demonstration of the efficacy or rsFcγRII as an inhibitor of immune complex‐induced inflammation in the Arthus reaction in vivo. RSFcγRH inhibited immune complex precipitation in two different experimental systems. First, rsFc7RII inhibited the precipitation of 125I‐bovine serum albumin (BSA)‐anti‐BSA complexes in a dose‐dependent manner, while an irrelevant protein (soybean trypsin inhibitor) had no effect on the precipitation of the immune complexes. Moreover. RsFcγRII inhibited the precipitation of ovalbumin (OVA) anti‐OVA complexes as determined by turbidimetric analysis, where the inhibition of immune complex precipitation by rsFc7RII was dose‐dependent and was specifically blocked by prior ineubation with Fab' fragments of a blocking MoAb to FcγRII. RSFcγRII could inhibit the precipitation of BSA anti‐BSA complexes in the presence of excess bystander IgG and did not inhibit complement‐mediated prevention of immune precipitation, demonstrating that rsFcγRII did not block C1 binding to the BSA anti‐BSA complex. Unlike complement. RSFC7RIL could not cause re‐solubilization of pre‐formed precipitated BSA‐ anti‐BSA complexes. Soluble FcγRS have been detected in biological fluids of normal and inflammatory disease patients., yet the role of SFcγR is still unclear. However, they now play a potential role in the modulation of immune complex solubility.


Background: Minimally invasive surgeries such as laparoscopic surgeries have become the order of the day for many surgical diseases.  Major complications are access related such as major vascular injury or inadvertent bowel injuries, which life is threatening, while other complications such as port site infections may occur which would need proper treatment. The main aim of this study was to assess the port site infection and its management. Methods: 328 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgeries were included in the study and demographic details were noted for all the patients. All of them were given prophylactic antibiotics before the surgery and the surgeries were performed under general anesthesia.  Results: 6.4% patients had port site infections among the patients, of which 16 were females 7% and 5.1% were males. The most common site of infection was umbilical with 52.4% cases, followed by epigastric with 38.1% cases.  Conclusions: Laparoscopy offers advantage of rapid postop recovery. It is recommended to follow proper technique of sterilization of laparoscopic instruments to prevent PSI.


The objective of the proposed article is to minimize the transportation costs of foods and medicines from different source points to different hospitals by applying stochastic mathematical programming model to a transportation problem in a multi-choice environment containing the parameters in all constraints which follow the Logistic distribution and cost coefficients of objective function are also multiplicative terms of binary variables. Using the stochastic programming approach, the stochastic constraints are converted into an equivalent deterministic one. A transformation technique is introduced to manipulate cost coefficients of objective function involving multi-choice or goals for binary variables with auxiliary constraints. The auxiliary constraints depends upon the consecutive terms of multi-choice type cost coefficient of aspiration levels. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the whole idea.


Abstract : The purpose of this research paper is to briefly define the issues associated with President Clinton's intent to rescind the Department of Defense Policy on gays in the military, to highlight the mayor events that occurred during the policy process, to identify the key actors and the roles they played in the policy development, and to discuss what happened in the debates that resolved the issue and produced a new Department of Defense policy pertaining to gays in the military.


ABSTRACT Previous studies have compared perceptions and experiences of intrusive activity and stalking between countries and the present work compares subcultures within a single country. Singaporean women (89 Chinese, 69 Indian and 68 Malay) with similar age profiles completed a modified version of the 'Stalking: International perceptions and prevalence' questionnaire (SIPPQ). This contained measures of individual perceptions and experiences of a range of 47 intrusive behaviors, and a measure of stalking. Between the three ethnic groups, few differences were found in terms of how unacceptable the 47 intrusive acts were judged to be. The small number of differences identified related to courtship behaviors. Women across ethnicities reported largely the same experiences of intrusive behaviors, differing on just two of the 47 behaviors. This suggests that overarching national attitudes towards women are better determinants of the types of intrusive behaviors they are likely to experience, as opposed to their subculture. Finally, no differences were found in stalking rates between the three ethnic groups, but the overall stalking rate within the sample was high at 54.9%. This finding may provide impetus to increase awareness of stalking in Singapore, given that it was only recently criminalized in the sovereign city–state.


In an attempt to better understand the noise performance of a state-of-the-art two-stage L-band dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO), a single-stage DRO was constructed for comparison. The results of this investigation are presented. The discussion begins with a brief analysis of the design and temperature performance of the one- and two-stage DROs. The residual and absolute phase noise performance are discussed. The measured data demonstrate the low phase noise capability and excellent frequency stability of the two-stage, 2-GHz DRO.<<ETX>>


It is proved experimentally that pre-carbonization of wooden raw material in the synthesis processes of active coals by thermochemical activation with NaOH is the effective regulative factor of their adsorption-and-structural properties, yield increase and reagent discharge reduction.


Most of the people acknowledge that ISO simply act upon as the "symbol" of quality product/service. In contrast, IS0 is not just a "symbol"; it creates the quality of the company as a whole and gives many benefits to the company which uses it. The global and greater competition among companies has forced company to increase their value in order to win the competition. IS0 is one of the way and need to be considered by the companies as a comparative advantage to win the competition. Given that PT. MIF is a freight forwarding corporation which play against the tight competition market of so many players in the similar business and the scope of business of PT. MIF not only engaged in domestic business, but also the international and logistics business units that definitely required the existence of a certified quality system in order to meet the global quality standard of IS0 Certification. After achieving the IS0 certification, the company then will go to the next level, which is measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of IS0 implementation post the IS0 certification and identify the 3 important factors needed to well-implement the certification.


Pyrolysis of cis-pinocarveol gives an extensively rearranged acyclic aldehyde, the mode of formation of which was determined by deuterium labelling.


Background: IL-32 is involved in several cell processes, most likely through integrin signaling. Results: Modeling of IL-32 revealed a structure similar to FAT and binds to integrins, paxillin, and FAK-1, all members of the integrin-signaling pathway. Conclusion: IL-32 interacts with members of the focal adhesion protein complex. Significance: IL-32 might be a key protein in integrin signaling and downstream processes. IL-32 can be expressed in several isoforms. The amino acid sequences of the major IL-32 isoforms were used to predict the secondary and tertiary protein structure by I-TASSER software. The secondary protein structure revealed coils and α-helixes, but no β sheets. Furthermore, IL-32 contains an RGD motif, which potentially activates procaspase-3 intracellular and or binds to integrins. Mutation of the RGD motif did not result in inhibition of the IL-32β- or IL-32γ-induced cytotoxicity mediated through caspase-3. Although IL-32α interacted with the extracellular part of αVβ3 and αVβ6 integrins, only the αVβ3 binding was inhibited by small RGD peptides. Additionally, IL-32β was able to bind to αVβ3 integrins, whereas this binding was not inhibited by small RGD peptides. In addition to the IL-32/integrin interactions, we observed that IL-32 is also able to interact with intracellular proteins that are involved in integrin and focal adhesion signaling. Modeling of IL-32 revealed a distinct α-helix protein resembling the focal adhesion targeting region of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Inhibition of FAK resulted in modulation of the IL-32β- or IL-32γ-induced cytotoxicity. Interestingly, IL-32α binds to paxillin without the RGD motif being involved. Finally, FAK inhibited IL-32α/paxillin binding, whereas FAK also could interact with IL-32α, demonstrating that IL-32 is a member of the focal adhesion protein complex. This study demonstrates for the first time that IL-32 binds to the extracellular domain of integrins and to intracellular proteins like paxillin and FAK, suggesting a dual role for IL-32 in integrin signaling.


Bis[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1-propanone-N~4] dichorocobalt(Ⅱ) complex was synthesized and the crystal structure determined by X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c group, with lattice parameters a=(2.100 8(4) nm,) b=0.488 88(10) nm, c=2.627 4(5) nm, β=98.10(3)°, V=2.671 5(9) nm~3, (Z=)4, D_c=1.473 g/cm~3. It has C_2 symmetry with its axis through the Co atom, and the Co atom was coordinated by two N atoms of the 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1-propanone ligands and two Cl~- atoms, forming a slightly distorted tetrahedron. IR and electronic spectra study of the target complex were carried out.


in his introduction, "American individualism, a product of both the Enlightenment and the pioneer condition of the American frontier, has had a deleterious effect on Protestant spirituality." Given the provocativeness of this assertion, and the many references contained in the essays to the roots of Protestant spirituality in medieval mysticism, it is disappointing not to find any general discussion of this theme or any attempt to answer to consequent question of what is Protestant about Protestant spirituality. A second disappointment is the book's failure to penetrate the term spirituality. The authors' disinterest in sociological and pyschological terms diminishes the intellectual value of the book. In his introduction, Senn defines spirituality vaguely as a person's relationship to God and attributes present-day interest in it to concern for experiences of authenticity that counter the functionalism of techno-bureaucratic societies. This definition not only sacralizes spirituality; it also protects it from scientific analysis because such analysis is, by implication, hostile to spirituality. In this schema, spirituality cannot be discussed in any terms other than its own. It can be chronicled and witnessed to, but never explained.


This paper reports on recent experiments at UEL as part of the MSc:Architecture Computing & Design programme.
Using a range of state change rules a series of processes have been explored that lead to transient OdesignsO whose
global form is encoded in every cell of the development space. The application of CAs to Architectural Design offers
a lower level of rule system acting on a more elemental deconstruction of architectural space than the topological
methodology that many current spatial generators embrace.


This paper derives the stochastic Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) for the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation accuracy for noncircular sources in the noise modelled by Cauchy process, and expands it to the general alpha-stable noise situations. The performance of the EXC-NC-MUSIC, which is proposed by the authors, in a wide range of impulsive noise environments is examined via simulation experiments and evaluated with the CRB.


Studies on the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the Chinese economy have essentially focused on the relationship between FDI, productivity and economic growth, revealing a tendency toward sectoral, regional and macroeconomic empirical studies. This work aims to complement these approaches and contribute to the rather limited literature on the relationship between FDI, Human Capital and Innovation at a corporate level. Based on a set of large and innovative firms (national and foreign capital) located in China, we have concluded that (1) the direct impact of foreign capital on the level of human capital in firms is negative, that is no evidence was found suggesting that FDI has a positive influence on their human capital and (ii) in indirect terms, by means of investment in R&D (research and development) activities, FDI has a positive impact on general human capital (i.e. formal education). These results suggest that for China to benefit from FDI, it is necessary to implement a selective policy to attract FDI, taking into account more technologically advanced, R&D-based projects.


Tanned leather is an output from complex processes called tanning. Leather tanning is an important step that used to protect the fiber or protein structure of animal's skin. Another reason of tanning process is to prevent the animal's skin from any defect or rot. After the tanning is complete, the leather can be applied to produce a wide variety of leather products. Thus, the leather prices usually more expensive because it takes longer time in process. Another way to get cheaper price is make non-animal leather that usually known as synthetic or imitation leather. The purpose of this paper is to classify the tanned leather and synthetic leather by using Convolutional Neural Network. The tanned leather consist of cow, goat and sheep leathers. The proposed method will classify into four class, they are cow, goat, sheep and synthetic leathers. In each class consist of 160 images with 448x448 pixels size as the input data. With CNN method, this research shows a good result for the accuracy about 92.1%.


Visual image processing RAM (VIP-RAM) for fast 2-D data location search is proposed and implemented. It finds the local maximum location of 3times3 size window in single cycle latency using hierarchical 3-bank architecture. Each bank searches intermediate maximum from 3 32-bit data in a row, and top-level logic deduces the final maximum out of 3 32-bit data from 3 banks. Each memory bank includes special logic for 3 consecutive data read and 32-bit 3 input comparator. 8 VIP-RAMs are integrated in multi-core object recognition SoC and fabricated in 0.18 mum process. VIP-RAM is measured to operate at 200 MHz for 8.2 GOPS peak performance.


Objective:To evaluate the effects of transcatheter closure on plasma tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA)and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1)in adult patients with congenital heart disease(CHD).Method:The levels of plasma t-PA and PAI-1 were detected in 70 patients with CHD(CHD group)and in 30 normal controls(NC group)by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The levels of plasma t-PA and PAI-1 in patients were detected one day before transcatheter closure and 24 hours,1 month,3 months,6 months,12 months after transcatheter closure.Result:Compared with the normal controls,the levels of plasma t-PA and PAI-1 in patients with CHD were significantly increased(P0.01).The level of plasma PAI-1 began to decrease at 1 month after transcatheter closure,and it was near the normal level at 6 months.The level of plasma t-PA began to increase at 1 month after transcatheter closure,while decreasing at 3 months,and it was near the normal level at 6 months.Conclusion:Transcatheter closure can improve fibrinolytic function of adult patients with CHD by changing the levels of plasma t-PA and PAI-1.


By using the fixed point theorems and the theory of analytic semigroup, we investigate the existence of positive mild solutions to the Cauchy problem of Caputo fractional evolution equations in Banach spaces. Some existence theorems are obtained under the case that the analytic semigroup is compact and noncompact, respectively. As an example, we study the partial differential equation of the parabolic type of fractional order.


A study on the use of telescopes has been conducted on high school students. The purpose of this experiment is to find out how much influence the use of a telescope has on student's understanding and learning motivation. In this experiment, the common ground or terrestrial telescopes were used. The experiment used the Class Action Research (PTK) method. The results of this experiment were considered satisfactory because they succeeded in increasing student's understanding and motivation to learn.


In this report it is proposed to generalize the definition of Poisson brackets in order to treat spatial integrals of divergences as Hamiltonians which generate a kind of Hamiltonian equations on the boundary. Nonlinear Schrodinger equation is used as an illustrative example.