Calvino, an Italian novelist, discussed theories of narrative literature by means of a novel called The Castle of Crossed Destinies. He made it an allegory about narrative literature, and meanwhile broadened the means of creating fictions as well. This thesis attempts to analyze how his fiction implies and solves various problems in narrative literature including narrative situations, narrating, reading, signification's creating, the tradition and expectations of narrative literature, etc.


Head and neck neoplasms account for 17.6% globally. Cancer of the oral cavity is one of the most common to occur in the oral cavity region, with 95% epidermoid carcinoma with a poor survival prognosis, because some develop from dangerously malignant disorders asymptomatic detection, so early detection is essential. The objective of this research is to characterize potentially malignant oral disorders through epidemiological, clinical and topographical aspects, in residents served in the health subcenter of Montalvo, Ecuador.


Customers' intention in using online Islamic banking services has been one of the crucial concerns for every institution, either for banking institutions or eCommerce providers that are rapidly developing nowadays. Therefore, analysing customers' intention in using online Islamic banking services assists these institutions in finding alternatives to attract new customers more proficiently. This study investigated the determinants affecting customers' intention in using online Islamic banking services. This study was carried out by conducting a survey through questionnaire distribution to 149 respondents. The factors investigated in this study are Perceived Usefulness, Ease of Use, Enjoyment, Credibility, and Social Norms. This study adopted the relevant variables as they were frequently used in previous studies. The study identified that the customers' level of intention is high. Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Credibility are having significant influence on customers' intention. This study also showed that Perceived Credibility is the most significant determinant influencing customers' intention to use online Islamic banking services. This study contributes to the practitoners on enhanching services to ensure customer feels ease in using them, felt protected and trusted.


A new model named polymer' s two-fluid coordination thermodynamic statisticmodel based on Flory' s cell theory coupled with local composition is proposed. The holesimilar to that in the Simha-Socmcynsky hole theory is introduced and two concepts of sitefraction and local site fraction in Flory's theory are replaced by coordination fraction and local coordination fraction. Quasi-chemical treatment is applied to calculate the local coordination fraction. An equation of state of pure components based on the new model is derived andthe P-V-T properties of three systems [polystyrene, polypropylene and poly (1-betene3)] ,were correlated by the new equation. The results were fine. According to the relation between segment structure of polymer and holes, we predict that if polymers are similar to eachother in structure, their holes and flow properties of melts decrease with the increase of sizeof subgroup of polymer's segment.


Surface feature spectro comparator was used to probe the effect of spectral absorption feature parameters on water content of the wheat leaves at NIR.The results showed that the water content of the wheat leaves decreased when the spectral reflectance was between 1 65 μm and 1 85 μm.The wave band lies in the atmosphere window,so was seldom interfered by the water in the atmosphere.Thus it could be regarded as the index of the aviation or satellite remote sensing.The linear correlation curve and the regression equation between water content of wheat leaves and absorption depth or area of the spectrum were obtained on the basis of a great deal of data observed.Thus a remote sensing method of using spectral reflectance was used to diagnose the water status of the wheat leaves was obtained


This study investigated the Effects of Computer Laboratory Simulation and Practical Demonstration Instructional Strategy on the Achievement of Secondary School Students in practical Biology. The research design adopted for the study was Pretest-Posttest experimental group design. The population is all secondary school students in Minna Metropolis. Purposive sampling technique was used to select two secondary schools in Minna metropolis, Niger State Nigeria. The two Schools were randomly assigned to experimental group (computer simulation group) and control group (Demonstration teaching methods) respectively. Finally, stratified simple random sampling technique was used to select the 60 SSII students. The experimental group had 30 (15 males – 15 females) students and control 30 (15 males – 15 females) students. A Computer simulation laboratory Package (CSLP) was developed treatment instrument for this study. The instrument that was used in collecting data for the study was researcher adopted Biology Practical Achievement Test (BPAT). The instrument was pilot tested and its reliability coefficient determined as 0.74 using Kuder Richardson (KR-21). The data collected was subjected to analysis using t-test at 0.05 alpha level of significance. The results revealed that there is significant difference between the experimental groups and control group. The experimental group had a significant improvement in performance after they were exposed to treatment and was also found to be gender friendly Based on the findings it was recommended that Computer Laboratory Simulation Package should be adopted by biology teachers in teaching practical biology at secondary schools, since it has been found to improved academic performance.


JAPANESE prose literature today falls into four groups, called by the Japanese jun bungei (pure literature), puro bungei (proletarian literature), taishu bungei (mass literature) and tsuzoku bungei (popular literature). Of these, "popular literature" is the name applied to the long stories of contemporary life that discuss social problems without any particular literary pretensions. They run serially in the newspapers and women's magazines. Much of their material derives directly from the daily news columns. "Mass literature" is the direct offspring of the kodan, the historical romance of the old story-tellers' halls. It is full of armor, castles, feudal vendettas and swords, especially swords. The colorful old kabuki drama on the legitimate stage and the sword-play school of talkies on the screen use the same material. The so-called masses (which means almost everybody) delight in it. Old spy and new detective stories are naturally grouped with this class. It is modern Japan's "literature of escape." Through it, tired moderns can go back for a time to the idealized romance of old Japan. It is the life-blood of several popular magazines. "Proletarian literature" is written by working people and their intellectual sympathizers and deals with factories, tenements, strikes, laborers, farmers, policemen and prisons. It has been largely an expose literature motivated by a definite Marxist purpose. Government suppression has all but killed its special magazines. "Pure literature" is all the rest. Just before it got its last name, it was the "new literature," taking much of its material from the caf6s, dance halls and ultra-modern life of the young bobbed and waved class. It is strictly up-to-date, pseudo-scientific and sexy, and strives to be literary and psychological. Most of it comes out in the literary pages of national reviews, which still print some proletarian literature.


SUMMARY There has been an enormous amount of papers in the international as well as in the national literature over the last few years dealing with sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer patients, also reflecting the implementation of the technique by many institutions around the globe. In order to address the issue of variations in techniques and procedures used by different groups, we have conducted a systematic review of the scientific literature by incorporanting criteria of evidence-based medicine. Data have been extracted from 147 papers selected according to quality criteria from a literature query on the MEDLINE database, using the PubMed search motor The results of our literature search confirm the expected technical variations and great heterogeneity for the sentinel node biopsy. In such scenario, there is an obvious need to reach for a consensus and to come forward with practical guidelines so that the working groups triying to progress with the new surgical approach may thrive.


This review assesses storm studies over the North Atlantic and northwestern Europe regarding the occurrence of potential long‐term trends. Based on a systematic review of available articles, trends are classified according to different geographical regions, datasets, and time periods. Articles that used measurement and proxy data, reanalyses, regional and global climate model data on past and future trends are evaluated for changes in storm climate. The most important result is that trends in storm activity depend critically on the time period analysed. An increase in storm numbers is evident for the reanalyses period for the most recent decades, whereas most long‐term studies show merely decadal variability for the last 100–150 years.


in the political alliance of 1920-22, Brown concludes that Gandhi's rise to power did indeed put an end to the limited nature of Indian politics. Her elaboration of the idea of subcontractors shows that while the political elite was enlarged in 1919, mass participation in politics was still problematical. The greater part of the book deals in detail with the working out of the political alliances and sub-alliances of the period from the 1919 Rowlatt satyagraha through the Nagpur Congress in December, 1920, when Gandhi assumed virtual dictatorial powers over the Congress. The non-cooperation movement of 1921-22 is treated thematically and in less detail, with an emphasis on Gandhi's effectiveness in the new locales, among Muslims, and in working with the old political elite. The previous sections are so detailed that one may find the treatment of the events of 1921-22 somewhat rushed. Her major concern is, however, with Gandhi's rise to power, and thus there is justification for this difference in emphasis. Trying to maintain an all-India perspective throughout, she deals with local happenings first in terms of Gandhi's development as a leader, and then in the context of the national political movement. If there is any regional emphasis, it is on Bombay and Gujarat, also understandable in terms of Gandhi's own preponderant field of action. To criticize her for not dealing in further detail with each and every region would be to miss the importance of the all-India, and Gandhian, perspective. Over all, she has gotten beneath the surface veneer of Indian politics during a very vital period and has successfully shown the complexities of the underlying grain.


Afghanistan is an ancient land, rich in traditions and cultures having their roots in the millennial history of this country. Situated along the ancient caravan routes of Central Asia, by its caravanserais and markets it has represented an important point for exchange, communication and cultural interaction between the East and the West. Afghanistan is partly linked to the complex genealogical tree of Central Asia, full of intricate branches; one of those branches, at its eastern extremity, is knotted with the 'Roof of the World' (Bam-e Dunya): the vast orographic area of Pamir bordering on Tajikistan, Pakistan and China. This Afghan border territory (Wakhan Woluswali) includes different ecological areas: from the high-altitude valleys to the pastures in the plateaus, as far as the highest mountains of Pamir. Wakhan is populated particularly by Wakhi and, in its easternmost part, by Kyrgyz people. The Wakhi follow a subsistence strategy based on mountain agriculture combined with pasturage; they are Ismaili Nizaris and they speak a language (khik-zik,khik-wor) belonging to the north-eastern branch of the Iranian languages. Identity and religious cultures significantly influence the social life of those small mountain communities cut off on the 'Roof of the World'.


PURPOSE: To improve the design efficiency and logic verification efficiency in the CAD input, verification, and correction of control logic. CONSTITUTION: The design assisting device with the simulation function is constituted including a keyboard 12 equipped with a mouse for the CAD input of design specifications, etc., a disk 13 stored with the CAD-inputted information, a display 11 on which an operator confirms the CAD-inputted information, an illustration information extraction part 30 which extracts logic information on a control circuit from illustration information stored on the disk 13, an extracted information editing part 40 which analyzes and edits the extracted information, a process signal simulation part 50 which simulates and outputs a process signal, a simulation execution part 60 which simulates the logic circuit on the control circuit edited by the part 40 according to the inputted process simulation signal value, and a simulation result display part 70 which displays the simulation result on the display. Therefore, a CAD input device 10 and a control circuit logic verification device 20 can be constituted in one work station and the CAD input, verification, and correction can be performed without interrupting operation, so the design efficiency is improved. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


THE INTRATHECAL USE of methylprednisolone acetate in the treatment of sciatica and arachnitis was introduced in 1961 by Gardner and associates. 1 In reporting 3 1/2 years of experience with the intrathecal use of methylprednisolone acetate, Sehgal and Gardner 2 noted the complete absence of serious complications. More recently, Shealy 3 described the case of a patient with sciatic pain, treated with methylprednisolone acetate given intrathecally, in whom Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis later developed. He emphasized the need for careful evaluation of patients before the intrathecal use of drugs. During the past 14 months, 53 patients on the neurosurgical service have been treated with methylprednisolone acetate given intrathecally for low back and lower-extremity pain after myelography. Tuberculous meningitis subsequently developed in one of the patients. The relationship between the use of systemic steroids and the development and dissemination of pulmonary tuberculosis has been known for some time. The appearance of tuberculous


Purpose: To develop a computer‐aided diagnosis(CAD) system for characterization of malignant and benign microcalcifications on mammograms acquired with a full field digital mammography (FFDM) system. Method and Materials: Our computerized classification system uses raw digital mammograms as input. The individual microcalcifications are first segmented by the system from the mammographic breast tissue background. Five morphological features describing the size, the density, and the shape of the individual microcalcifications are extracted. The mean and the variation of each of these features for the individual microcalcifications within a cluster are calculated. These cluster features in combination with the number of microcalcifications in a cluster form the morphological feature space. For texture feature extraction, a region of interest (ROI) containing the cluster of microcalcifications is identified on the mammogram. Background correction is applied to the ROI to reduce the intensity variation in the breast tissue areas. Texture features including the mean, entropy, contrast, and angular second moment are extracted from the gray level dependence difference statistics of the background‐corrected ROIs in four directions. A leave‐one‐case‐out resampling scheme is used to train and test the linear discriminant classifier. The most effective features from the combined morphological and texture feature space are identified using stepwise feature selection with simplex optimization in each training cycle. The performance of the classifier is evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: In a preliminary study using digitized mammograms, the computer classifier obtained an area under the ROC curve, Az, of 0.82±0.03 for testing. The performance of the CAD system using a data set of 100 cases of biopsy‐proven microcalcifications on FFDMs will be presented. Conclusion: A trained CAD system can provide an estimate of the likelihood of malignancy of microcalcification on mammograms and thus may be used as a second opinion by radiologists for mammographic interpretation.


Six caffeic amides 1-6 were synthesized by condensing caffeic acid (CA) with serine or lysine derivatives. Tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activities were measured to find effective cosmetic ingredients. Most of the derivatives prepared showed tyrosinase inhibition stronger than or comparable to CA, the amino acids, chlorogenic acid (CGA) or arbutin, and showed antioxidant activity stronger than the most popular whitening agents, kojic acid or arbutin. N-Caffeoyl-O-acetylserine methyl ester 3 showed the strongest activity in two assay systems and proved to be a promising candidate for cosmetic ingredients.


Abstract. Greening tissues accumulate Mg‐protoporphyrin monoester and a group of metalloporphyrins that exhibit fluorescence emission and excitation properties which are red‐shifted with respect to Mg‐protoporphyrin monoester. These metalloporphyrins are collectively termed longer wavelength metalloporphyrins and are presumed to be metabolic intermediates between Mg‐protoporphyrin monoester (MPE) and protochlorophyllide. The longer wavelength metalloporphyrins, together with Mg‐protoporphyrin monoester, are referred to as the MPE‐equivalent. During the study of the biosynthesis of the components of the MPE‐equivalent and the study of their conversion to protochlorophyllide in vitro, it was observed that Zn‐protoporphyrin and its monoester were also formed. The latter compounds interfered with the determination of the MPE‐equivalent. Simultaneous equations were derived and solved to yield an equation which permitted the determination of the amount of MPE‐equivalent in the presence of Zn‐protoporphyrins from the fluorescence emission spectrum of the mixture. Such determinations were made without prior segregation of the metalloporphyrins.


Infectious diseases caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) have emerged as a huge challenge globally, because of the difficulties associated with the treatments. ARB especially multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria pose a significant threat to public health due to their high levels of resistance to most available antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by bacteria may horizontally transfer to other bacteria. Polluted aquatic environments containing residual antibiotics may create a selective environment for the growth and spread of ARB in the environment. We have investigated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli population of Khan river, Indore. Water samples were collected from different sites of Khan river. Total heterotrophic bacterial (THB) counts were estimated. The samples were processed using standard protocols for the isolation and identification of E.coli. The bacterial isolates were further subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test for 13 different antibiotics by standard Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and the results were interpreted using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria. The total heterotrophic bacterial (THB) counts were 1.8 X 10 – 1.2 X 10 CFU/ml. Total 24 E.coli cultures were isolated from 09 water samples out of which 79.2% showed resistances to ampicillin followed by cefadroxil (58.33%), clarithromycin (54.16%) and cefuroxime (37.5%). The prevalence of resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, gentamicin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, cefaclor, nalidixic acid and streptomycin was 8.33% to 33.33%. Least resistance was observed against cephoperazon (4.16%).


This article describes how a travelcard system in Manchester, England has changed from operating in a regulated environment to operating in a deregulated one. The role of modern data collection technology to support a system for sharing the revenue from sales of the cards amongst about 40 operators is a major feature of this change and is discussed in some detail. The article shows that, provided operators can agree on the principles of revenue allocation and the pricing of travelcards, it is possible to administer a scheme successfully in a multi-operator environment.


This paper concerns the problem of decision making on the selection of public transportation modes. The problem is formulated through sustainability indicators and the objective framework is based upon AHP-TOPSIS. In this research, the city of Isfahan (Iran) is our case study. The definition of different points of view was developed through interviews to stakeholders, experts in transportation and urban planning as well as end-users. In this regard, feasible alternatives of public transport modes, such as Metro, Tramway (Light Rapid Transit) Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and Regular Bus (RB) were compared for demand corridors with similar characteristics and operating conditions. Besides, different aspects and criteria of sustainable transportation including economic, social and environmental dimensions are taken into consideration. Our findings address different orders of desirability and the suitability of public transport modes. In the view of end-users, Metro and Tramway are the most desirable modes due chiefly to service quality factors such as minimal travel time and comfort-ability. However, the local government is more interested to reduce total costs and therefore, the recommended alternatives are BRT and RB. To consolidate these results, an interview is conducted; city council members as well as senior experts in traffic and transportation fields are surveyed.


Wind energy converter (7) comprising a wind turbine (1), a wind turbine foundation (6), and means of temperature control (10) for controlling the temperature of one or more zones (23) of dichaturbina wind ( 1), said means including temperature control (10) means for exchanging heat (16) characterized in that said means for exchanging heat (16) are placed on the ground (9) outside said foundation (6).


Systems and methods described herein may detect a hardware modification. Test loop may be terminated at the transmit pin and receive pin of the processor footprint pads. The processor may be coupled to a test loop via the transmission and receive pins. Processor to send a signal from the transmit pin to the test loop may receive the modified signal from the test loop at reception pin. The processor, in order to detect the hardware modifications in communication with the test loop based on the modified signal may be analyzed modified signal.


In recent years several powerful RCS modeling codes like Xpatch (US), RAPPORT (NL), Fermat (FR) or FACETS (UK) have been developed. Their medium and long term goal is to replace tower/turntable measurements on real targets. The advantages of applying RCS modeling codes are many: one does not need the real target, the logistics are much easier, above all, modifications of the target can be accommodated easily, be it the geometry, material properties, or camouflage measures. Thus, all different types of RCS reduction can be implemented and their effects studied. On the other hand, there are still several shortcomings: it is still not clear which degree of fidelity is necessary for the facet model that describes the target shape. Many different material parameters like dielectric constants and conductivities have to be taken into account. Geometrical imperfectness (angular deviations, surface roughness) has to be considered. The latter becomes the more important the closer the dimensions are to the wavelength. Due to all these effects the present situation is such that one cannot yet fully trust modeling results when applied to problems like "automatic target recognition" (ATR), especially the training of ATR algorithms. Rather, it is still of great importance to compare the modeling results to real high resolution measurements (e.g. tower / turntable) in order to verify their accuracy or to identify any shortcomings. For the present analysis, the Dutch RCS modeling code RAPPORT was used on a 600,000 facet model of the ZSU 23-4 air defence tank, provided by ARL /xxxARL/. The computations were performed simultaneously at TNO and at FGAN, the results of different aspect angle intervals combined afterwards. For comparison, an ISAR tower/turntable measurement of the same target, also performed by ARL was used. The paper is organized as follows: First, the data that are used will be described in detail, especially the RCS modeling code RAPPORT. Next, several approaches to quantitatively characterize the fidelity of the modeling results will be presented. The main conclusion will be that there is a certain agreement between both data sets, but that even for the high number of facets, the modeling results are not yet fully satisfactory for their use in ATR algorithms.


We present a lattice QCD determination of the vector and scalar form factors of the semileptonic decays D->\pi l \nu and D -> K l \nu which are relevant for the extraction of the CKM matrix elements |Vcd| and |Vcs| from experimental data. Our analysis is based on the gauge configurations produced by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration with Nf = 2+1+1 dynamical fermions. We simulated at three different values of the lattice spacing and with pion masses as small as 210 MeV. Our preliminary estimates for the vector form factor at zero 4-momentum transfer are f+(D -> \pi)(0) = 0.610 (23) and f+(D -> K)(0) = 0.747 (22), where the uncertainties are only statistical. By combining our results with the experimental values of f+(D -> \pi)(0) |Vcd| and f+(D -> K)(0) |Vcs| we obtain |Vcd| = 0.2336 (93) and |Vcs| = 0.975 (30), which together with the PDG determination of |Vcb| are in agreement with the unitarity constraint of the Standard Model.


In this paper, we propose shallow trench IGBT (ST -IGBT) and its fabrication process. It is designed for 15V of gate operation, as is the same as conventional IGBTs. The cell is consist of shallow trench gate MOS structure and shallow doping layers, formed by ion implantation and RTA (Rapid Thermal Anneal). The edge termination structure is composed by many shallow FLRs. The optimized cell design reduces V ce(sat) by 0.2V, compared with conventional IGBTs.


A Krein operator is a positive operator, acting on a partially ordered Banach space, that carries positive elements to strong units. The purpose of this paper is to present a survey of the remarkable spectral properties (most of which were established by M.G. Krein) of these operators. The proofs presented here seem to be simpler than the ones existing in the literatnre. Some new results are also obtained. For instance, it is shown that every positive operator on a Krein space which is not a multiple of the identity operator has a nontrivial hyperinvariant subspace. Mathematics Subject Classifications (1991): 46C50, 47B65, 47B37


In the summer of 1988, television viewers across the United States and Canada were transfixed by images of Yellowstone National Park seemingly consumed by flames as wildfires burned almost one million acres of land within the Greater Yellowstone Area. In the wake of the fires, the governments of the United States and Canada both reassessed their policy approaches to fire management and came to two very different conclusions. The purpose of this study is to explore how the wildfire problem was defined in Canada and the United States in the wake of the Yellowstone wildfires, why these definitions were so different, and what effects these different definitions have had on fire policy. As a subtext, this research also highlights the challenges inherent in science-based decision making.


where u = u(t, x), b(u), c(u) are smooth functions, and subscripts denote derivatives with respect to the corresponding variables, play fundamental role in the modelling of various processes of heat conduction, reaction-diffusions, in mathematical biology, and also in many other spheres. Equation (1) generalizes a great number of known nonlinear evolution equations. Thus in particular cases equation (1) is regarded as classical Burgers equation


An aeroelastic model for airfoil with a third-order stiffness in both pitch and plunge degree of freedom (DOF) and the modified Leishman–Beddoes (LB) model were built and validated. The nonintrusive polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) based on tensor product is applied to quantify the uncertainty of aerodynamic and structure parameters on the aerodynamic force and aeroelastic behavior. The uncertain limit cycle oscillation (LCO) and bifurcation are simulated in the time domain with the stochastic PCE method. Bifurcation diagrams with uncertainties were quantified. The Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is also applied for comparison. From the current work, it can be concluded that the nonintrusive polynomial chaos expansion can give an acceptable accuracy and have a much higher calculation efficiency than MCS. For aerodynamic model, uncertainties of aerodynamic parameters affect the aerodynamic force significantly at the stage from separation to stall at upstroke and at the stage from stall to reattach at return. For aeroelastic model, both uncertainties of aerodynamic parameters and structure parameters impact bifurcation position. Structure uncertainty of parameters is more sensitive for bifurcation. When the nonlinear stall flutter and bifurcation are concerned, more attention should be paid to the separation process of aerodynamics and parameters about pitch DOF in structure.


Objective To study the effect on improving Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)of gelatin from tilapia skin,the gelatin from tilapia skin and donkey skin was extracted.Using the donkey skin gelatin as positive control,the physicochemical properties were compared.Methods The IDA model rats were established by bloodletting via tail vein and feeding with iron-deprived food assisted.Different doses of two kinds of gelatin were given to the model rats via intragastric administration.Results The ultraviolet absorption maximum peak of tilapia skin gelatin and donkey skin gelatin were both at about 232nm;the two kinds of gelatin had similar amino acid composition,both conforming to the collagen(gelatin)amino acid composition characteristics.The results of mineral analysis showed that there were more K and Mg in the tilapia than those in the donkey skin gelatin,while the contents of Cu,Fe,Na,Cd and Cr of donkey skin gelatin were notably higher than those of the tilapia skin gelatin.It was evident that the tilapia skin gelatin could significantly promote weight recovery of IDA rats,as well as the content of Hb and RBC.It turned out tilapia skin gelatin could evidently improve the symptoms of anemia of IDA. Conclusion Both the gelatin from tilapia skin and donkey skin exhibited the promising anemia activity.


In May 2010, the third IOI workshop took place in Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany. It was motivated by the discussions held at and after the panel session of 2009's IOI conference in Plovdiv. There, discussions focussed on communication and collaboration among the IOI community, as well as communication of the IOI competition to outsiders. At the workshop, members of the IOI community met to develop a first version of an IOI Wiki as a tool for communication and collaboration, and devised suggestions on how to visualize IOI-style contests to make them more accessible to the outside world.


Energy equalities are constructed for the perturbed solitary wave solutions corresponding to two kinds of perturbations for the perturbed KdV equationu_t+6uu_x+u_(xx)=eR(u),(e0),under the condition that the initial data u_0(x)∈C~∞(-∞,+∞) decay exponentially as |x|∞.Priori estimates of the bound of the solutions are obtained via the method of energy analysis:(1) if R(u)=δ(et)u,δ(s)∈C[0,+∞) and δ(0)=0,the solutions are uniformly bounded in the region-∞x+∞,0≤et≤T;(2) in the case of R(u)=-Δ(et)u_(xxx),Δ(0)=0,Δ(s)∈C~1[0,+∞),the solutions are uniformly bounded in the region-∞x+∞,0≤et≤T,0≤e≤e_1 for some positive small e_1.


Abstract Two kinds of new polyesters having 1,3,2-dioxaborinane rings in the main chains were synthesized and it has been found that some of them show a nematic phase. The polymers provide the first thermotropic liquid crystalline materials which contain a metalloid atom, boron, arranged regularly in the main chain.


The invention comprising: a) formation of the structure layer including the buried layer formation and b) consisting of a chemical treatment step for structures apply an easy species to substantially etch the material forming the buried layer, electronics comprising a buried layer , to a structure, the manufacturing method has a number of layers to be applied to an optical or optoelectronic studies. Step a) including the step b) forming a protective layer stores located on, buried layer comprised of a material selected to withstand chemical attack by the treatment chemical species that are applied for, the penetration of these species through to prevent any possible access to the shop floor. The electronics, optics and the use of structure manufacturing method of optoelectronics applications are also disclosed.


A pulsed perforated-plate column (pulsed column) is controlled by varying the operating conditions as the pulsing conditions and the flow rates of inlet and outlet streams. Changing these variables causes the fluid behavior to vary with position in the column. In a previous paper, the axial holdup in a pulsed column of pulser feeder type are obtained by using the TBP in kerosene-water system with nozzle plates or sieve plates.In the present paper, the droplet diameter of mixer-settler region in the pulsed column is studied. First, the mean droplet diameters are obtained in the dispersed aqueous (water-soluble dyestuff) and the dispersed organic (oil-soluble dyestuff) modes. Experimental results showed that both of the plate types and the operating conditions affected the mean droplet diameters. The droplet diameters become smaller with the nozzle plate than with the sieve plate. Then, both of the correlations as a function of the pulse amplitude-frequency products and the calculation models, by using the Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) shown at a previous study of the authors, are obtained, The prediction error of calculation medels become smaller compared to the correlations. From the results of GMDH method, it was also found that the mean droplet diameter was assumed to be a function of the pulse amplitude-frequency products, the linear velocity of both phases and the plate spacing: dp∝ (af, ud, uc, Lo).


Three new species of Lichenopeltella are described based on recent floristic work on lichens and lichenicolous fungi in the Pacific Northwest, bringing the total number of species recognized in North America to six. All three newly described species grow on epiphytic crustose lichens: Lichenopeltella biatorae grows on Biatora flavopunctata (British Columbia, Washington), L. arctomiae on Arctomia delicatula (Montana) and L. leprosulae on Myochroidea leprosula (British Columbia). The new species are compared with the morphologically most similar species of the genus, and a key to all known species of Lichenopeltella in North America is provided.


A complete analytical model of the polarization characteristics of a semiconductor laser amplifier in a loop mirror (SLALOM) is presented. Based on this model, various kinds of output for all-optical conversion of non-return-to-zero (NRZ) to pseudo-return-to-zero (PRZ) signals, based on a simple SLALOM scheme, are analyzed theoretically. Simulation results were in good agreement with experimental results on 20-Gbit/s all-optical NRZ-to-PRZ conversion. The results show that the theoretical model proposed in this paper is right, and proper polarization-state control is helpful for improving the output characteristics in all-optical pattern conversion.


always, then, the role of class is never far away. Chapter Seven, which sees dual citizenship and overseas voting — both introduced into the Philippines in 2003 — as further examples of instrumental citizenship, underlines the same point. There are gaps, of course, in Aguilar's coverage. The roles of Web-based media have become pervasive in the last decade, but are only lightly touched upon here, and there is a great deal more to say about the senses of identity and belonging among secondgeneration "hyphenated" Filipinos in places like the United States and Canada. Nevertheless, Aguilar's writing stands as some of the most theoretically rich and insightful work on the implications of contemporary Filipino migrations, and these essays are necessary starting points for future explorations of such issues.


In this paper, we discuss high-resolution target sensing through the exploitation of multi-frequency sparse array processing. By using simple design examples of a three-element sensor array coupled with the sensing signals consisting of three well-designed frequencies, we provide insights to achieve a high number of consecutive lags, unique lags, and array aperture. Such multi-frequency sensor arrays with reduced number of sensors can be attractive in many applications to achieve effective sensing with a low cost.


of G. Billanovich, 'Petrarch and the Textual Tradition of Livy', Journal of the Warburg andCourtauldInstitutes, (1951), 137-208. Billanovich has proved beyond doubt that this manuscript was compiled for and annotated by Landolfo Colonna, canon of Chartres and uncle of Cardinal Giovanni Colonna, in France in the first quarter of the fourteenth century, and that Petrarch obtained it from Giovanni Colonna and not from the canonist Raimondo Soranzo. The editio princeps of Dictys, which Eisenhut dates in 1470 or 1475, is dated by the Gesamtkatalog der Wiegendrucke (No. 8324) 'nicht nach 1471'. No mention is made on p. xl of two early printed editions, that of Antonius Matthiae and Balthasar Corderius, Mondovi, c. 1472-3 (G.K.W. 8325), and that printed at Messina by Wilhelm Schomberger in 1498 (G.K.W. 8327). On p. 11, 1. 27, the emendation Ormenus for Orchomenus is attributed to Mercerius: Mercerius did conjecture it in good faith, but the conjecture had already been made by the second hand ofE.


The extreme difficulty of many essential optical and infrared observations of lens systems has impeded progress and contributed to the popular but erroneous view that lensing is a curiosity rather than an important astrophysical tool. Keck I, with its unprecedented sensitivity for spectroscopy and infrared imaging, will have a major impact on lensing observations.


In recent times, multilevel inverters are used as high priority in many large industrial drive applications. However, the reliability and performance of multilevel inverters are affected by the failure of power electronic switches. In this paper, failure of power electronic switches of multilevel inverters is identified with the help of high performance diagnostic system during open switch and short condition. Experimental and simulation analysis was carried out on five levels cascaded hbridge multilevel inverter and its output voltage waveforms were synthesized at different switch fault cases and at different modulation index parameter values. Salient frequency domain features of the output voltage signal were extracted using the Fast Fourier Transform decomposition technique. The real time work of the proposed fault diagnostic system was implemented through the LabVIEW software. The Offline Artificial neural network was trained using the MATLAB software and the overall system parameters were transferred to the LabVIEW real time system. In the proposed system, it is possible to successfully identify the individual faulty switch of multilevel inverters.


The Lower Volga valley is taken by the authors to signify the portion extending downstream of the Volgogradskaya power station dam. The Lower Volga valley can be divided into two large geomorphological parts: flood-lands and delta. The latter can be additionally subdivided into the abovewater, transitional and underwater parts . The im poundmends (artificial reservoirs) of the Lower Volga valley have been found to vary in their current velocities, water-levels , and salinization rates . Aquatic and hygrophytic (off-shore) vegetation of this region has been studied, using the BRAUN-BLANQUET principles . This vegetation is represented in this paper by 6 classes including 52 associations and 3 commun ities. Many associations have been subdivided into subassociations and variants. Two alliances and twelve associations were previously unknown. Diagnostic tables for the conventional syntaxa, as well as the data for the novel ones are presented here. Ecological interpretation of the syntaxa is based on the environmental data. The syntax a described are compared to their equivalents from different parts of Western Europe.


After regular intake lasting for years also a relatively slight quantity of alcohol may cause liver lesions, so that also for so-called social habitual drunkards an endangering can be taken into consideration. The fructose tolerance with the hyperlactaemia connected with this seems to be suitable for the early recognition of the liver cell lesions, since first intracellular metabolic disturbances can be proved.


. We prove that the 3-dimensional torus S1 X S1 X S1 admits exactly nine nonequivalent PL involutions. With the exception of the four fixed point free ones, the involutions may be distinguished by their fixed point sets: (1) eight points, (2) two simple closed curves, (3) four simple closed curves, (4) one torus, (5) two tori.


Mn3N9Sr8, monoclinic, P121/c1 (no. 14), a = 7.598(2) Å, b = 10.669(2) Å, c = 18.943(3) Å, = 106.163(9)°, V = 1474.8 Å, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.038, wRref(F) = 0.070, T = 295 K. Source of material Black, shiny, plate-like single crystals of Sr8[MnN3]2[MnN3] were obtained from the reaction of pellets of Sr2N (prepared by reaction of Sr metal, Alfa, 99.95 % and nitrogen, Praxair, 99.999 % at 700 °C for 24 hours) and Mn powder (Chempur, 99.99 %) in the molar ratio Sr : Mn = 8 : 3. The reaction was carried out under flowing N2 at ambient pressure in Fe (carbon free) or Ta crucibles at 950 °C for 72 hours followed by cooling down (15 °C/h) to room temperature. Starting materials and products are sensitive to moisture and air, so all manipulations were performed in an argon-filled glove box. Discussion In the crystal chemistry of nitridomanganates several distinct groups of compounds may be distinguished depending on the oxidation state of manganese: tetrahedral [MnN4] ions are observed in Li7[MnN4] [1], distorted octahedral dinuclear [Mn2 N6] complexes in Li6AE2[Mn2N6] (AE = Ca [2], Sr [3]), and trigonal planar [MnN3] species with C2v symmetry in Ca3[MnN3] [4] and D3h symmetry in AE3[MnN3] (AE = Sr [5], Ba [5]) and (Ca3N)2[MnN3] [6], respectively. Linear [ Li Mn N 1 x x I ] 2 chains are observed in different derivatives of the Li3N crystal structure [7]. No mixed-valency nitridomanganates have been reported up to now. The crystal structure of Sr8[MnN3]2[MnN3] features three isolated crystallographically different, distorted trigonal planar complex [MnN3] ions, the largest deviation from planarity is 0.111 Å . The assignment of Mn and Mn is based on bond lengths and coordination spheres of the Mn species, whereas bond angles show no explicit trend: due to a possible Jahn-Teller distortion [Mn2N3] and [Mn3N3] exhibit average Mn—N bond lengths of 1.719 Å and 1.725 Å, respectively; both feature two short (~1.69 Å) and one long (~1.78 Å) Mn—N contact. In contrast, in the [Mn1N3] ion the average Mn—N bond length is longer (1.78 Å), but the range of d(Mn—N) is smaller (~1.77 1.80 Å). These values differ slightly from the literature data. Whilst values for d(Mn—N) are reported insignificantly smaller (Sr3[MnN3] [5] d(Mn—N) = 1.75 Å, Ba3[MnN3] [5] (Mn—N) = 1.74 Å, (Ca3N)2[MnN3] [6] d(Mn—N) = 1.757 Å), d(Mn—N) are reported larger (Li6Sr2[Mn2N6] [3]: d(Mn—N) = 1.785 Å, Li6Ca2[Mn2N6] [2]: (Mn—N) = 1.778 Å). However, in case of these latter compounds it is important to note that [Mn2N6] is a dinuclear complex with an additional Mn-Mn bond.The nitrido ligands are located in the centres of distorted NMnSr5 octahedra, the Sr species feature N coordination numbers of 5 to 7. The average distance d(Sr—N) = 2.749 Å is in good agreement with related compounds (Sr3[MnN3] [5]: 2.75 Å, Sr3[FeN3] [8]: 2.74 Å, Sr8[MnN3]2[FeN2]: 2.71 Å [9]). Z. Kristallogr. NCS 223 (2008) 185-186 / DOI 10.1524/ncrs.2008.0077 185 © by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München Crystal: black plate, size 0.056 × 0.065 × 0.070 mm Wavelength: Mo K radiation (0.71070 Å) : 311.47 cm 1 Diffractometer, scan mode: RIGAKU R-AXIS RAPID, 2 max: 120° N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique: 15501, 3365 Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt: Iobs > 2 (Iobs), 2074 N(param)refined: 182 Programs: SHELXS-97 [10], SHELXL-97 [11], STRUCTURE TIDY [12], DIAMOND [13] Table 1. Data collection and handling.


Shelter improvements and provision can assume a leading role in promoting both household livelihoods and community recovery in disasteraffected areas. Livelihoods promotion in shelter sector activities can also serve as a primary means of reducing the vulnerability of communities to disasters. Global trends contributing to increasing vulnerability include rapid population growth, even greater rates of urban population growth, increasing poverty, environmental degradation, and an increase in the number of disasters. These trends are quite pronounced in developing countries. One means of reducing the cumulative impacts of these trends is improving the living environments of vulnerable populations, particularly in the cities of developing countries, where nearly half of humanity will be living in 2025. Shelter activities typically consume the majority of developed land in most settlements. Shelter improvements and provision, both before and after disasters strike, can thus reduce vulnerability by improving living environments, generating direct and indirect employment, and expanding the role of shelter as an input to the production process. In this role, shelter facilitates home-based enterprises, which are a key form of income generation among the most vulnerable in developing countries. Promotion of shelter improvements and provision "at scale" can thus generate -and regenerate -local economies and livelihoods, thereby reducing the 1 Affiliation is for identification purposes only. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the US Agency for International Development (USAID). 2 For the purposes of this article, "disasters" includes both so-called "natural disasters" and humanitarian crises. The author is aware, however, of the differences in damage levels to housing and housing delivery systems (e.g., input markets such as brick factories, lumber mills/yards, etc.) typically associated with the short duration of natural disasters, relative to the more extensive and longer duration of damage often associated with conflict and other humanitarian crises. See, for example, Kreimer (1988).


Objective
To explore the safety and feasibility of modified minimally invasive surgery for cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis in elderly patients.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 100 patients more than 70 years old with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis performed by modified endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (endoscopic sphincterotomy small incision + endoscopic papillary balloon dilation) combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy from January 2012 to December 2017 in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of KunShan.

Results
In this group, there was 1 case of papillary bleeding, which was stopped by 1: 10000 adrenalin submucosal injection, and there were 3 cases of pancreatitis, 2 cases of cholangitis, all of which were improved after conservative treatment of internal medicine.No patient was transferred for open surgery and no death occurred. Postoperative hospital stays were 4-10 days, with an average of (5.3±2.8) days.The mean follow-up time was 2-24 months, mean (7.5±5.1) months.No abdominal pain, jaundice or fever occurred. No recurrence of bile duct stones was observed under ultrasonography.

Conclusion
modified ERCP+ EST combined with LC is an effective, safe and reliable minimally invasive treatment for elderly patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis.

Key words:
Advanced age; Cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis; Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy


Many pulp and paper mills these days are facing the same issues regarding the upgrading and renewal of their original process control systems, installed during the booming DCS market of the 1980's: How to cost-effectivelyextend the lifecycle of the DCS? How much of their existing infrastructure to keep; how much to replace? How to improve reliability and serviceability? How to seamlessly link process controls, machinery controls and operator interfaces? And, how it can be done with minimum disruption to the mill's production?


We report a novel approach for obtaining precise control of both pand n-type dopant concentrations in bulk Ge single crystals. High-purity Ge single crystals of controlled 74Ge/70Ge isotope composition ratios were grown and subsequently doped by the neutron transmutation doping (NTD) technique. The resulting net-impurity concentrations and the compensation ratios were precisely determined by the thermal neutron fluence and the [74Ge]/[70Ge] ratios of the starting Ge materials, respectively. Application of NTD to seven crystals with 0<[74Ge]/[70Ge]<4.34 lead to p-type Ge:Ga,As with compensation ratios in the range o-0.76. The ability to grow crystals with accurately controlled Ge isotope mixtures allows us to obtain ratios anywhere between 0 and 1 for both pand n-type doping.


A balanced incomplete block design or BIBD is defined as an arrangement of v objects in b blocks containing k objects all different, so that there are r blocks containing a given object and λ blocks containing any two given objects.


Preliminary flight tests with a F-106B aircraft were made on the periphery of isolated thunder cells using weather radar support. In addition to storm hazards correlation research, a direct-strike lightning measurement experiment and an atmospheric chemistry experiment were conducted. Two flights were made to close proximity to lightning generating cumulonimbus clouds; however, no direct lightning strikes were experienced. Although no discernible lightning transients were recorded, many operational techniques were identified and established.


Proceeding from characteristic of media,combine the characteristic of sports,think from such respects as its existing way and function,etc.sports is a kind of special media.Propose through the way of adopting media operation,from the attraction,managing,keeping and using of audience's attention four levels to manage sports.Take China Football Super League as an example,from the angle how to utilize the media characteristic of sports activity,combine the actual conditions of China Football Super League,adopt the operation way of media to analyse to the current situation of the development of China Football Super League,propose the corresponding countermeasure to the development in the future.


The purpose of military training is to increase individual and group performance in preparation for demanding situations such as crises and war. Too often such training is taken for granted; it fails to question what kind of training best leads to improved individual or group performance and what other variables are involved. Another gap in the previous literature is that cohesion is left out from the research designs of training and performance relations. Contrary to the literature, this research examines the impact of four different cohesion components and training quality on personal and group performance. Specifically, this article studies the major variables of conscripts' group and personal performanee in the Finnish Defenee Forees that prediet performance and analyzes the extent to which the degree of eohesiveness and training are separately and jointly related to performanee by the eompletion of the trainees' military obligation.


Crypto-assets or cryptocurrencies have emerged globally lately. This paper aims to discuss several issues about crypto-assets or cryptocurrencies while it introduces the some Korean issues. Recent attempts to regulate crypto-assets or cryptocurrencies are mostly to avoid/decrease regulatory arbitrage. Activities surrounding crypto-assets or cryptocurrencies may constitute pseudo-deposit taking activities subject to the related banking regulations. As cryptocurrencies are sometimes traded like money, activities dealing with cryptocurrencies may be subject to regulations about anti-money laundering (AML) and counter terrorist financing (CTF). Securities issues to protect investors are most topical; securities issues makes ICOs reviewed from an investor protection aspect thereby justifying application of securities regulations. Furthermore, the issue of accounting and taxation, and privacy issue are also important which need to keep watching.


Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life‐threatening complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, there is no algorithm to identify those at high risk. This study was undertaken to develop a prediction model for PAH in patients with lupus that provides individualized risk estimates.


This paper elucidates the significance of partial slips and temperature jumps on the heat and mass transfer of a boundary layer nanofluid flowing through a stretched or shrinking surface. Considerable consideration is given to the dynamic properties of the nanofluid process, including Brownian motion and thermophoresis. A similarity transform is introduced to obtain a physical model of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, and the Chebyshev method of collocation is used to numerically analyze the influences of parameters of physical flow such as slip, temperature jump, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, suction (or injection) parameters, and Lewis and Prandtl numbers. The numerical results for temperature and concentration profiles, and heat and mass transfer rates, are graphically represented, and insights into the effects of slips and temperature jumps are revealed. In the case of a stretched sheet, the slip parameter enhances the temperature field and increases the thermal boundary layer thickness as well as the concentration function's boundary layer thickness. When the slip parameter is raised in the case of the shrinking sheet, the dual solutions for temperature and concentration functions are reduced. For the first solution, both the temperature and concentration functions drop as the slip parameter increases, but for the second solution, both the temperature and concentration functions rise as the slip parameter increases. The discoveries have applications in a number of disciplines, including heat transfer in a solar energy collector. Glass blowing, annealing, and copper wire thinning are just a few of the technical and oilfield applications for the current problem. In high-temperature industrial applications, radiation heat transfer research is critical.


The advantages of applying single-sideband techniques to long-range aircraft communication at high frequencies are discussed and related to the operating conditions of an airborne equipment. The effects of carrier-frequency errors and incomplete sideband suppression are examined, and the requirements for single-channel working are determined. Consideration is given to the problem of receiver carrier-oscillator frequency control, and a transmission system is proposed in which the carrier amplitude is made to vary inversely as the sideband amplitude. This system, which takes full advantage of the limited power output of an airborne transmitter, provides automatic frequency control over a wider range than is usual and avoids the use of a very narrow carrier filter. Methods of sideband suppression are compared, and the design of an experimental transmitter, employing a 4-phase balanced modulator with voice-operated carrier control, is described. The dependence of sideband suppression on the amplitude and phase balance of the modulator is investigated. A receiver using the outphasing method of sideband rejection is described, and it is shown that, for satisfactory rejection of a strong signal on the unwanted sideband, the amplitudes of any harmonic or intermodulation components produced in the demodulators and associated amplifiers must be kept to very low values. This method of sideband rejection has been extended to provide automatic carrier-frequency control, using an electro-mechanical system with a memory, for operation on the intermittent-carrier system. Flight trials with experimental equipment have proved that single-sideband working to aircraft is feasible and that a marked improvement in communication efficiency is obtained.


Abstract 2237

Introduction: von Willebrand disease (VWD) has clinically heterogeneous phenotype. Routine measurements of von Willebrand factor (VWF) antigen (VWF:Ag), VWF ristocetin cofactor activity (VWF:RCo) and FVIII activity (FVIII:C) do not always reflect clinical severity, especially in type 1 VWD. These assays evaluate VWF function under non-physiological static condition - lacking blood flow. We had reported that a new microchip flow chamber system, total-thrombus-formation analysis system (T-TAS®, Fujimori Kogyo, Tokyo) would be a clinically useful flow assay for VWD (ASH 2011). In this study, we extended this study for application to evaluation and hemostatic monitoring for type 1 VWD.

Methods: Citrated or hirudin-added blood from 15 patients with type 1 VWD was utilized. Re-calcified citrated blood added corn trypsin inhibitor was injected to a microchip in T-TAS at a constant flow rate (240 s−1), which flow surface was coated by collagen and tissue factor (AR chip). Hirudin-added blood was injected to a microchip in T-TAS at higher shear rate (1,000 s−1) which surface was coated by collagen (PL chip). Flow pressure curve was visualized and time until reach to 10 kPa (T10) was evaluated. AR chip promoted thrombus formation by both platelet aggregation and fibrin generation, whilst PL chip promoted thrombus formation by platelet alone. Standard laboratory tests for VWD were also performed. Clinical severities of VWD patients were evaluated by using a quantitative bleeding score (BS, from −3 without any symptoms to +45 with all major symptoms) previously reported by Tosetto (JTH, 2006).

Results: Fifteen patients with type 1 VWD showed low levels of VWF:Ag [median 14% (range 1.3–51%)], VWF:RCo [8% (1.6–32%)], and FVIII:C [31% (3.0–68%)]. T10 in AR chip or PL chip was 17.7 min (11->30) or 7.1 min (3.3->10) [normal control (n=20); 12.2 min (8.6–16.6) or 3.5 min (2.4–6.6), respectively], showing delayed thrombus formation in type 1 VWD. Correlations between VWF:Ag and VWF:RCo (r2=0.80, p <0.01) or VWF:Ag and FVIII:C (r2=0.74, p <0.01) were significant in Spearman's correlation test. Correlation of BS [5 (0–11)] to VWF:RCo was not significant (r2=0.27, p =0.05), whilst, that of BS to T10 in PL chip of T-TAS showed more significant (r2=0.62, p <0.01) but not T10 in AR chip (r2=0.04, p =0.4). Interestingly, when focused on the patients whose VWF:RCo were less than 20% [n=10, 5.8% (1.6–13%)], correlation of VWF:RCo to BS was worse (r2=0.02). However, T10 in PL chip showed greater correlation to BS (r2=0.62, p <0.01; [Figure 1][1]). Patients who were treated with desmopressin infusion or replacement therapy showed the improvement of T-TAS parameters within normal range.

Conclusion: Traditional standard assays did not always reflect the clinical phenotype of patients with VWD. In contrast, T-TAS parameters in PL chip showed good correlations to BS, indicating its usefulness for distinguishing clinical phenotype and for monitoring of treatment for patients with type 1 VWD.

![Figure 1.][2]

Figure 1.
Correlation between bleeding score and VWF:RCo or T10 in PL chip of T-TAS. P value shows a result of Spearman's correlation.

Disclosures: Hosokawa: Fujimori Kogyo: Employment.

 [1]: #F1
 [2]: pending:yes


Duodenal injuries pose many challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Unless suspected, pursued vigorously and treated by a well-designed plan, can cause significant morbidity and mortality.


Recent research shows that metaphor use in advertising can lead to more positive product evaluations. It is expected that this effect also applies when a metaphor is used in a product package. The goal of this research was to examine the effectiveness of simple and complex metaphors. A distinction is made between hedonic and utilitarian products. Also, cues are used to enhance metaphor comprehension. A 2 (metaphor: simple vs. complex) x 2 (product type: hedonic vs. utilitarian) x 2 (cues: slogan vs. no slogan) between subjects design was used to investigate expectations. The results suggest that a simple metaphor is most effective when combined with utilitarian products. The expectation that a complex metaphor is most effective when combined with hedonic products did not reach significance. Providing a cue to explain the metaphor is only effective when used with a simple metaphor. These findings suggest that easy metaphors are suitable for functional products.

Keywords: metaphors, product types, cues, product attitude


This paper details the main requirements that must be taken into account to assemble a phasor unit measurement (PMU) for research and educational purposes. The device's main elements are described showing their interrelationship. Likewise, details about the most important functions are exposed. Results exhibit the suitability of the proposition according to the standard.


With the rapid development of location-based social networks (LBSNs), Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation which can benefit both users and service providers has attracted much academic and industrial interest. Although various aspects of users' behavior data have been utilized in POI recommendation, challenges such as data sparsity and how to accurately model users' preferences exist. In this paper, we propose a model named as Geo-STFM which exploits social, temporal and geographical information for POI recommendation based on factorization machines. Specifically, we first give a precise analysis of the self-similar and other-similar characteristics in users' behaviors, and accordingly propose an improved factorization machines (FM) model with social and temporal regularization terms. Then, geographical information is fused into the model to build a POI recommender system. The experimental results on two real-world data sets show that our proposed method achieves remarkable improvements compared to the state-of-the-art POI recommendation techniques.


A bent thin wire in the shape of an L is analyzed in free space to determine the transient scattering characteristics by the application of the singularity expansion method (SEM) to a coupled set of Hallen-like equations. The principal results of a parametric study to determine the effect of the bend position on the complex resonant frequencies are reported here. The frequency and the time domain responses are given for several cases of plane wave illumination using the SEM and results are compared to the conventional Fourier transform method.


This paper, which is based on budgetary provisions in Ejigbo Local Government Area of the State of Osun for a period of three years spanning 2011 to 2013, considered allocation of limited resources on expenditure items from which it was discovered that capital expenditure should be given maximum attention during the preparation of budget. Having applied Revised Simplex Method (RSM) on the formulated Linear Programming Problem (LPP), the results revealed that less emphasis should be placed on recurrent expenditure as well as consolidated revenue fund charges with a view to ensuring optimal budgetary allocation by meeting the demands of the citizenry in the local government area considered.


This paper deals with the use of built-in digital backchannels within academic conferences in three dimensional virtual worlds (VW) and combines qualitative and quantitative methods to answer the following research questions: does the use of built-in digital backchannels enhance communication, collaboration and knowledge expansion amongst participants in professional communication academic conferences within VW? How can those benefits be articulated? And how does communication in built-in digital backchannels in VW conferences compare to communication through Twitter in real life conferences? This paper builds upon authors' previous research in which, through purely qualitative methods, six distinct categories of learning were identified and provided insights on how participants should behave in a socially acceptable way in such virtual conferences, as well as on how VW presentations were received by members of the audience [1].


Many important crops have been genetically engineered to produce various proteins, such as Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin, to increase their resistance to pests. The fate and persistence of insecticidal protein in transgenetic plants in the soil is an important issue because of possible direct and indirect effects of these insecticidal proteins on soil organisms. In addition, there is the potential for prolonged exposure of soil organisms to the insecticidal protein because of possible plant residue remaining in the soil post-harvest and post tillage. Furthermore, genetic engineering and tissue culturing of plants occasionally have caused unexpected changes in plant characteristics, including nutrition quality. Such changes could affect plant decomposition rate and carbon and nitrogen levels which in turn could impact soil fertility, processes and organisms. Rice is an agronomically important crop in China. In practice, rice straws are usually embedded into the soil to enhance the soil fertility. As a result, the toxins as well as the other expressed products may accumulate in the soil and could pose a hazard to the non-target soil microorganisms. To investigated the potential ecological impact of straw decomposition of transgenic plant on microbial flora, we conducted an experiment of influences of the straw decomposition of Bt transgenic rice (Bt-rice) and its parent (non-Bt-rice) on microbial flora under the laboratory conditions during 2001~2002. Transgenic and parental rice straw and soil were collected from the field. Straw and soil were air-dried in room temperature and ground into powder. The powder of straw and soil were mixed at the rate of 4∶100. The mixture was dispensed into a series of 250ml flasks with 250g per flask. The moisture of the medium was adjusted to 100 and was cultivated in 25℃. The Bt content, the population of bacteria, actinomyces, fungi and the activity of denitrifying bacteria and phosphate solubilizing microorganism were determined. The results showed as follows: (1) The concentration of Bt protein in the mixture of straw and soil decreased rapidly within 0~17 days (15.86ng/g for the third day and 6.864 ng/g for the twelfth day),then the decomposition became slower and mainteined at the level of 6.728~6.196ng/g. The changing trend of Bt was similar to the result of Palm's(1996). (2) There was a similar trend of bacterial number (CFU) during decomposition between Bt-rice, non-Bt rice and control, viz.arise at first stage and descend subsequently. Significant difference was found in the CFU of bacteria between Bt-rice and non-Bt rice, the CFU of non-Bt rice was higher than that of Bt rice (P0.05). (3) Except the third day and the sixth day of the initial decomposition, the CFU of fungi in Bt-rice was significantly higher than that of non-Bt rice and control, the result was similar to that Katherine reported (1996). (4) No significant regular was found in the CFU of actinomyces during the decomposition, there was a undulation in the CFU in non-Bt rice. Except the sixth day, ninth day,twenty-sixth day and thirty-fifth day, the CFU of non-Bt rice was significantly higher than that of Bt-rice (P0.05). (5) The activity of denitrifying bacteria in non-Bt-rice was significantly higher than that of Bt-rice (P0.05) at some sampling stage, no significant difference was found in the CFU and activity of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms between Bt-rice and non-Bt rice.Studies showed that the transgenic plants could cause the changes of microbial flora in soil ecosystem by remaining the straw and leaves in soil. So the influence of transgenic plants on soil micro-ecosystem should be clarified before commerical application. The nutrients released from straw decomposition can provide nature substrate for micro-organism in soil. In this study, no matter Bt-rice or non-Bt rice, the CFU of microbe in soil which contained straw was significantly higher than that of control without any straw. Significant difference was found in CFU of bacteria and fungi between Bt-rice and non-Bt rice, the CFU of


In many of the foundational courses in the electrical engineering discipline, a student's lack of adequate mathematical skills is one of the primary barriers to effective learning, and ultimately, successful completion of degree requirements. To compound the problem, the courses are frequently taught using the traditional lecture format. In a number of electrical engineering courses, we have embarked on an experiment to improve learning and deepen understanding of the subject matter by: (i) facilitating active learning, (ii) breaking with the traditional lecture format and (iii) making mathematics more accessible to the students. Classes are held in a computer equipped classroom with on-line access to Mathematica. In these sessions, the traditional lecture is frequently replaced by an instructor supervised independent exploration of the subject matter by the student. Electronic courseware based on Mathematica notebooks is under development and a package that extends Mathematical functionality in the area of digital image processing has been written.


No-one is suggesting that understanding emissions trading is easy. Among the many initiatives organised to spread an understanding of the issues and practicalities in both Britain and Europe was a workshop, organised by the British Energy Association and held in London in April, which was chaired by Graham Ward. This article is a summary of some of the key points made in the four presentations.


Simple Summary Assessment of poultry welfare is very crucial for sustainable production in the tropics. There is a demand for alternatives to plasma corticosterone levels as they have received much criticism as an unsuitable predictor of animal welfare due to inconsistency. In this study, we noticed no effect of age on plasma corticosterone (CORT) although it was altered by CORT treatment. However, growth performances and organ weight were affected by CORT treatment and age. The broad sense evaluation of telomere length in this study revealed that telomere length in the blood, muscle, liver and heart was shortened by chronic stress induced by corticosterone administration. The expression profile of the telomere regulatory genes was altered by chronic stress. This study informed us of the potential of telomere length and its regulatory genes in the assessment of animal welfare in the poultry sector for sustainable production. Abstract This study was designed to characterize telomere length and its regulatory genes and to evaluate their potential as well-being biomarkers. Chickens were fed a diet containing corticosterone (CORT) for 4 weeks and performances, organ weight, plasma CORT levels, telomere lengths and regulatory genes were measured and recorded. Body weights of CORT-fed chickens were significantly suppressed (p < 0.05), and organ weights and circulating CORT plasma levels (p < 0.05) were altered. Interaction effect of CORT and duration was significant (p < 0.05) on heart and liver telomere length. CORT significantly (p < 0.05) shortened the telomere length of the whole blood, muscle, liver and heart. The TRF1, chTERT, TELO2 and HSF1 were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated in the liver and heart at week 4 although these genes and TERRA were downregulated in the muscles at weeks 2 and 4. Therefore, telomere lengths and their regulators are associated and diverse, so they can be used as novel biomarkers of stress in broiler chickens fed with CORT.


A system of stratified sampling has been developed which allows the estimation of population densities of organisms which adhere to, or are associated with, .stones in both lentic and lotic habitats, using the stones themselves as the primary sampling units. Knowing the stone profile of the habitat (i.e. the mean count, relative frequency, or mean surface area of the stones occurring within a sine class), and using the appropriate statistical equations, an estimate of the mean number of individuals occurring within a predefined stone size class can be obtained along with its associated error estimates. Densities of the organisms can be expressed in terms of either a standardized unit area of substratum, average stone sine in the habitat, or unit area of stone surface. The statistical theory and computational equations for each sampling method are presented, together with worked examples of the application of the methods in the field. The new sampling protocols are superior to conventional quadrat techniques in population sine estimation because (1) the derived density and error estimates account for sources of variation arising from both the heterogeneity of the habitat and the spatial dispersion of the organisms; (2) physical disturbance to the habitat during the sampling program is minimal, and (3) the procedures allow simultaneous quantitative measures of both the density and spatial dispersion of a population.


The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has proposed a bridge research and technology program for investigating methods and technologies that will make bridges safer. The program, Bridges for the 21st Century, would have as its goal the safeguarding of the nation's highway bridge infrastructure against natural or man-made disaster. For instance, there is much research yet to be done in the area of bridges and earthquakes. Researchers have an incomplete understanding of the effects of seismic activity on highly skewed bridges, old flared columns and bridges built using poor construction practices. There are also research opportunities in the area of soil- structure interactions, and the effects of flooding and of wind on bridges could be further researched. But natural disaster is not the only cause of bridge deterioration and collapse. Due to their excessive weight, shipping trucks take a toll on highway pavements and bridges, and since September 11, 2001, bridges have been considered a possible target for terrorist groups. The FHWA proposal, by focusing on the development and implementation of new technologies, would address these dangers.


Relationship Between Surface Free Energy and Total Work of Fracture of Asphalt Binder and Asphalt Binder-Aggregate Interfaces. (August 2011) Jonathan Embrey Howson, B.S., Texas AM M.E., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Eyad Masad Performance of asphalt mixtures depends on the properties of its constituent materials, mixture volumetrics, and external factors such as load and environment. An important material property that influences the performance of an asphalt mixture is the surface free energy of the asphalt binder and the aggregate. Surface free energy, which is a thermodynamic material property, is directly related to the adhesive bond energy between the asphalt binder and the aggregate as well as the cohesive bond energy of the asphalt binder. This thermodynamic material property has been successfully used to select asphalt binders and aggregates that have the necessary compatibility to form strong bonds and resist fracture. Surface free energy, being based on thermodynamics, assumes the asphalt binder is a brittle elastic material. In reality, the asphalt binder is not brittle and dissipates energy during loading and unloading. The total work of fracture is the culmination of all energy inputted into the sample to create two new surfaces of unit area and is dependent on the test geometry and testing conditions (e.g., temperature, loading rate, specimen size, etc.). The magnitude of the bond energy (either adhesive or cohesive) can be much smaller in magnitude when compared to the total work of fracture measured using mechanical tests (i.e., peel test, pull-off test, etc.). Despite the large difference in magnitude, there exists evidence in the literature supporting the use of the bond energy to characterize the resistance of composite systems to cohesive and/or adhesive failures. If the bond energy is to be recognized as a useful screening tool by


One of the objectives of the H2020 project TWIGA - Transforming Weather Water data into value-added Information services for sustainable Growth in Africa - is the improvement of heavy rainfall prediction in Africa. In this area, the scarcity of data to support such predictions makes it fundamental to enhance the monitoring of atmospheric parameters.

In this project, GNSS observations and SAR images from Sentinel missions are used to produce water vapor products to be assimilated into Numerical Weather Prediction Models (NWPs).

GNSS observations, collected by ad-hoc networks of geodetic and low-cost stations, are processed to obtain near real-time (NRT) Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) time series, while Sentinel-1 SAR images are used to derive Atmospheric Phase Screens, APSs. The free and open source GNSS software goGPS, developed by the Politecnico di Milano spin-off Geomatics Research and Development (GReD), is used for the retrieval of ZTDs time series.

After proper calibration and validation procedures, the delay maps from SAR and the delay time series from GNSS will be finally assimilated into NWP models to improve the prediction of heavy rainfall.

The GNSS-related activities will be presented in terms of network deployment and processing settings evaluation. A network of 5 single-frequency low-cost GNSS stations was installed in Uganda, and a new network of dual-frequency low-cost stations is going to be installed in Kenya. To improve the outputs provided by these networks, preliminary tests on ionospheric delay corrections at various distances were performed. Different methods, focused on the reconstruction of a synthetic L2 observation for the single-frequency receivers, were employed and evaluated with the aim to define the optimal approach.

In order to demonstrate the capability to achieve GNSS NRT processing within TWIGA, an automated procedure was set up to estimate hourly ZTDs from two geodetic permanent stations located in South Africa (Cape Town and Southerland) and to upload them to the TWIGA project web portal.

Meanwhile, first sets of WRF NWP model parameterizations have been defined for both South Africa and Kenya. A cooperation has been established with the Kenya Meteorological Department on the exploitation of 3DVAR tool for water vapor data assimilation into WRF. Studies to define a strategy for ZTD maps retrieval from InSAR APS have been performed on Italian datasets and further investigations on TWIGA-collected African datasets will follow.


EDITOR'S SUMMARY

Focusing on graphene, a material made from carbon atoms, researchers constructed a map illustrating the material in the context of scientific developments and patent activity over time. Two basemaps reflecting general science and patent activity were created, in addition to two overlay maps reflecting scientific publication and patenting activities specific to graphene. The science and patent overlay maps together display how the material was discovered and used between 2000 and 2013. The maps reveal 222 Web of Science categories and 466 International Patent Classification categories and identify 18 macro-disciplines and 35 macro-patent categories. Graphene research is shown to focus on material sciences and closely related fields such as engineering and physical chemistry, while graphene inventions cover technologies from catalysis and semiconductors to the pharmaceutical arena. The node size, density of relationships and colors of the map give additional information on research and development efforts and relationships among subset topics. The process employed text mining, visualization and graphics software tools in addition to a mapping kit available from the authors.


A Preliminary Account and Review of the Simple Methods for determining the Operational Parameters of Fishing Gear, Underwater, with Notes on its Application


ALTHOUGH ocular lesions are known to occur in acute systemic lupus erythematosus, the only report in Great Britain of the histological examinationi of the eyes in this disease appears to be that of Semon and Wolff (1933), who found only mild choroiditis and subretinal exudation. The purpose of this paper is to record the clinical, ophthalmoscopic, and pathological findings in two cases which terminated fatally.


This essay considers the insufficiency of the parlamentarism/presidentialism controversy to face the central problem of the democratization of the Brazilian State. It discusses the function of planning 一 as an independent and autonomous organ of the Executive Power — from a proposal presented by Fabio Konder Comparato, in his preliminary draft of the Constitution. He makes an analysis of the Brazilian reality, and shows how neither of the two "classic" forms o f government is adequate for incorporating the function of democratic planning. He also emphasizes the necessity of autonomy in planning, which should, however, be submited to referendum (amplified representation) and to the mutual control of the powers. It is based on the principle that the prime function of the modern State in the production of policies — understood as action programs — and no longer the production of Law, as in classic constitutionalism


Objective: To report a case of Turner syndrome diagnosed in prenatal care. Method: A case report. Case: Case of Mrs. Y 26-year-old woman G2P1A0L1 diagnosed on 19-20 weeks of gestation with Turner syndrome. Ultrasound examination findings were hydrops fetalis on the neck region, multiple septated cystic masses, subcutaneous edema, ascites, and hydrothorax. Subsequently, amniocentesis was performed and the chromosome analysis result showed Turner syndrome (45, X0). The patient was induced vaginal delivery on 22-23 weeks of pregnancy due to intrauterine fetal death indication. The baby was born with ambiguous genitalia, birth weight 500 grams, birth length 22 centimeters, and Apgar's score was 0/0. The congenital anomalies discovered include subcutaneous edema, ascites, hydromacolly, and hydrops fetalis. Conclusion: Turner syndrome can be diagnosed at a prenatal period by ultrasound examination. Keywords: Turner Syndrome, Hydrops Fetalis, Ultrasonography


In the meantime, Korea has only produced and sold product that were proven safe through various certification systems before market introduction. The safety of these products are being managed through market inspection systems after the products are supplied in the market, through constant safety inspections and recall of defective products. However, in spite of the safety management policies of government agencies and corporations, the damage caused by the distribution of unsecured products constantly occurs and the people are not completely free from the anxiety of the product accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce an evaluation system that regularly checks and improves the level of the company's product liability (PL) response activities. This study used SPSS to analyze exploratory factors and reliability and AMOS to confirm a hypothesis through exploratory factor and path analysis. We found out that only the strategy and technology of companies have significant effects on a consumer's perception and utilization intention, among the detailed implementation plans of PL response system presented in previous research. In addition, consumers' perceptions have a significant effect on consumers' intention to use, and consumers' perception and utilization intention have a significant effect on the purchase intention of a product.


This contribution presents the effectiveness and the potentialities of a consolidated technique—the video-cluster analysis—to the study of turbulent flow and breaking waves, in order to demonstrate its suitability as a low-cost, non-intrusive method to derive quantitative key parameters describing the wave–structure interaction processes at coastal defense structures. For this purpose, a new methodology, consisting of a series of pre- and post-processing techniques developed to optimize the automatic detection of clusters in video imagery, was designed to process the video-records of experiments of wave run-up and wave overtopping at sea-dikes subjected to irregular waves. The results of the cluster analysis were elaborated to reconstruct the instantaneous profiles of the free-surface elevations across the structure crest and derive simultaneous information on overtopping volumes, discharges, depths, and velocities and to get spatial-time maps of the concentration of the air entrapped in the liquid phase. The accuracy of the methodology is demonstrated by comparing the quantities derived from the cluster analysis to laboratory measurements performed with resistive gauges and acoustic Doppler profilers. The novelty of the work is either represented by the results of the application of the cluster-analysis and by the procedures of optimizations, whose ensemble may establish a best practice and represent a guideline for other applications.


During 2010 Crick Smith researched the accumulated historic painted decoration and
archaeological development within the principal interiors of the Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford.
This focused on identifying the detail of the original Sir Christopher Wren scheme of 1668.
This research included the cross-sectional analysis of paint samples in association with
archival research, including transcripts of the original decorators bill, historic watercolours and
early photographs.
Analysis of the samples was undertaken by optical microscopy using a variety of different
lighting techniques to reveal the chemical make up within the build up of individual paint
layers. Due to the unique nature of original paint layers from this period further in-depth
material analysis using FTIR, RAMAN, GC, SEM & EDX was undertaken.
Once identified, the nature of the original complex faux marble finishes was confirmed by
removal of later overpaints on site and comparison to known examples of Wren's decorative
work from this period. The surviving examples were recreated on sample boards for
comparison to the finishes within the Sheldonian interiors.
Following extensive consultation with the client, Crick Smith provided the expertise to
recreate the more specialist decorative paint finishes of the original scheme


Observations collected over 3 months by the beam‐matched second‐generation Ka/W band Scanning Cloud Radar located at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Eastern North Atlantic observatory are used to advance existing liquid water content (LWC) retrieval techniques, quantify retrieval uncertainty, and subsequently characterize the impact of cloud dynamics and rain rates on the vertical distribution of LWC in boundary layer clouds both precipitating and broken. A threefold technique is proposed that involves (1) temporally averaging measured radar reflectivities collected at two wavelengths to 30‐s resolution, (2) smoothing via fitting a second‐degree polynomial to their dual‐wavelength ratios within 187.5‐m vertical overlapping sliding windows, and (3) averaging the multiple LWC estimates produced at each height. It is estimated that this technique reduced LWC retrieval uncertainty to 0.10–0.65 g/m3, depending on cloud thickness. Although individual retrievals remained noisy, statistics on subgroups of height‐normalized LWC profiles show that, on average, the vertical distributions of LWC in most of the observed clouds followed a linear relationship with a degree of adiabaticity ranging from 0.6 to 0.2 for 200‐ to 600‐m thick clouds. However, nonlinear LWC profiles were present in subgroups of cloud segments presenting intense (0.1–0.5 mm/hr) drizzle rates where LWC was observed to pool near cloud base and in subgroups of cloud segments within strong (0.6 m/s) downdrafts near cloud top where LWC was coincidently reduced. This nonlinearity is inconsistent with the use of adiabatic cloud assumptions for process studies and supports further development of retrievals like the one proposed.


Magnetic resonance imaging has a long examination time, causing additional pain to glioma patients and causing artifacts in the image. In this paper, a combination of compressed sensing and MRI is used. Base pursuit algorithm, matching pursuit algorithm, orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm, stagewise orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm are used to reconstruct the MRI of glioblastoma, and the subjective and objective evaluation of the reconstructed results is carried out by using gray level co-occurrence matrix, peak signal-to-noise ratio and visual image. In this way, the best expression of the image is selected, thus shortening the time of MRI scanning, reducing the pain of the patient and improving the quality of the image.


The creation of regional imbalance, inequalities and differentiation in India, starts with the physiographic element and ends with economic, and socio-cultural parameters of the inhabitants/population. An attempt has been made to analyze and report the river bank erosion due to morphometric changes of the river Ganga,MaIda district making thus portion a high risk zone. For that physical process namely river bank erosion may affect the economic and socio-cultural aspects and creates drastic change over the period. Continuous monitoring and maintenance of these flood induced river bank management are necessary for the beneficial result. The distressed people demand a holistic and positive approach to tackle the problem.


In an experiment of 4 years from 1996~1999,it was observed that the survival rate of cotton bollworm eggs to the second generation of 3-instarlarvas was 1.3%,the third generation was 5.5% in transgenic Bt cotton fields.The ratio of larvas to damaged bolls in transgenic Bt cotton fields was increased by 35.1% and 21.3%,compared to that observed in common cotton fields.Combined with the complex control index of common cotton fields,it was preliminarily considered that the control index for transgenic cotton was the second generation larvas 5.2 or 400 eggs/100 plants,the third generation larvas 4.7 or 85 eggs/100 plants.


Provides information on numerical modelling of stress waves in an object of complex shape. The solution to the problem of elastic impact of a blast wave in the object the storage of hazardous substances. Using the finite element method differential equations reduced to linear Cauchy problem with initial conditions. With the help of the finite element Galerkin method option system of ordinary differential equations of the second order in displacements with initial conditions given by an explicit two-layer finite-element scheme in linear movements for internal and boundary nodal points in the study area. For the main unknown node finite element has two elastic movement and two speeds of elastic displacements. The basic relations of the finite element method in displacements in spatial coordinates is obtained using the principle of possible displacements, i.e. using the method of dynamic balance of internal and external forces. The problem is solved using methods of computational mechanics. To solve the problem using a numerical method, algorithm and package of programs was developed by the author. The obtained stress tensor components in the characteristic areas of the investigated problem. Given a contour stress on the free surface of an elastic half-plane. It is shown that the cavity enhance the safety of the environment from the effects of explosive object in the storage of hazardous substances.


Introduction. Congenital immunodeficiency disorders are genetic pathology that affect the immune system function and is important problem of modern medicine.
Material and methods. This dates are performed the clinical case of the child with congenital complement deficiency.
Results. Patient was diagnosed with allergic skin symptoms (atopic dermatitis, eczema), persistent bacterial infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, late teething, diarrhea, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. That signs were manifestations of immunodeficiency states. During clinical and paraclinical examination the following data was detected in immunological blood test: decreased levels of CD3+-lymphocytes, CD3+CD8+-cytotoxic lymphocytes, CD19 +-lymphocytes. Gene panel of boy identifies one pathogenic variant in С8B (c. 1282C>T (p.Arg428*)), heterozygous, one pathogenic variant in C3 (c.2402C>T (p.Thr801Met)), heterozygous, which is associated with autosomal recessive and dominant. Uncertain significance variants were detected. Genetic signs in family members were also detected.
Conclusion. Genetic testing for identifying of congenital defects is very important in primary immunodeficiency diagnostic process.


"Investment" is always a key word in our economic and social life. Along with this word, we have "foreign investment", "foreign direct investment" (FDI), and then "capital flows" and "transnational corporations" (TNCs). From transnational corporations, we recall "Walmart", "IBM", and Hauwei". In order to make FDI and TNCs effective and efficient, we further think of being creative and innovative for institutional governance. This is building us a picture in international development. Because of this motivation, we dedicate to this journal called Transnational Corporations Review (TNCR), which has been with us, a large number of professionals, authors and readers for three years.


Planners wish to avoid a lawsuit by the developer over their cost estimates of the public works required by his project. To avoid a suit, they can offer him his choice of several sets of conditions that would attach to land-use permits. In computer simulations of five such short- and long-term contracts, the developer chooses a ``development agreement" -- characterized here as a long-term contract in which the developer pays an impact fee and obtains a freeze on taxes and regulations -- in more than 97\% of the cases.


To reduce salt content in Korean traditional kochujang, horseradish powder (1.2%, w/w) was added to kochujang with 4-10% salt, and its microbial characteristics, enzyme activities, and gas formation in kochujang were evaluated during fermentation far 120 days at . All treatments of kochujang had no effects on total viable bacterial numbers, which kept constant level, during fermentation (7.32-8.765 log CFU/g). Yeast numbers did not change under all treatments up to 90 days of fermentation, then decreased thereafter, -Amylase and -amylase, and neutral- and acid-pretense activities of kochujang added with horseradish powder were higher than those of control group. -Amylase activity of kochujang increased in proportion to salt concentration. Total accumulative volume of gas produced during fermentation of kochujang without horseradish powder was 5,892 mL/pack then decreased to 121-347mL/pack with low-salted kochujang (salt 4%, 6%) added with horseradish powder, Major gas produced was . Results indicate salt contents of kochujang could be lowered up to 6% by addition of horseradish powder without gas formation and quality alteration.


Internet of Things (IOT) which is a rapidly emerging industry is setting off the third wave in the world's information industries, and it will become both the representative of emerging productive forces and the major point of economic growth. In the context of Internet of Things, the colleges and universities have set up the course of Practice of Telecommunication System. This article tries to analyze the main problems that encountered in the teaching and implementation process. These problems are mainly concentrated on the curriculum system, teaching content, experimental teaching equipments, classroom implementation and management, teaching team building and so on. In the end it puts forward some proposals and strategies for reform. It also provides some ideas for a better teaching of the Practice of Telecommunication System.


Field observations at the eutrophicated Haji Dam reservoir were performed to estimate the characteristics of intrusion due to a bubble plume by using uranine as a tracer. An automatic in situ fluorometer optimized for the optical characteristics of uranine enabled high resolution measurements of the temporal and spatial dynamics of the intrusion flow. The velocity and height of the intrusion obtained from the field survey agreed with existing theories under the buoyancy-inertia balance regime. On the other hand, the relationship between the intrusion volumetric flow rate and hydraulic parameter (plume number) differed from prior study. A new empirical equation is proposed for estimating the intrusion for low plume number conditions.


Do business accelerators add value? If so, how? We investigate these questions by focusing on Start-Up Chile, an accelerator sponsored by the Chilean government. Using a regression discontinuity design, we show the mentoring services of accelerators can significantly increase new-venture performance by improving the managerial capital of participants. We speculate about the existence of two performance-enhancing mechanisms: the increase in the start-up's social capital by enabling access to mentor networks, and the provision of an accountability structure in the form of board oversight. We find no support for the causal effect of basic services of cash and co-working space.