B A R B I T U R A T E S have been widely used for many years in the treatment ofepilepsy but megaloblastic anaemia attributable to them has only once been recorded (Hobson et at., 1956). Since the structurally related phenytoin and primidone have been used as anticonvulsants either alone or in combination with barbiturates, megaloblastic anaemia has become an increasingly recognised complication of this type of therapy. Kidd and Mollin (1957) refer to twenty-four cases in the literature and describe two of their own. Further cases are reported by Barker (1957), by Volterra and Romualdi (1957) and recently by Hawkins and Meynell (1958). The mechanism by which megaloblastosis is induced by such drugs is unknown, but reported observations support the belief that in some way deficiency of vitamin BIP or folic acid may develop. Serum vitamin B,, assays were carried out in ten of the previously recorded cases (Badenoch, 1954; Rhind & Varadi, 1954; Girdwood, 1956; Geydell, 1957; Kidd & Mollin, 1957; and Hawkins & Meynell, 1958). Only the two cases reported by Kidd and Mollin (1957) showed subnormal values and even so their Case 1 failed to react to vitamin B,, but responded completely to folic acid, their Case 2 being diagnosed post mortem. Patients who have responded satisfactorily to vitamin B,, therapy but in whom the serum level of this substance was normal or was not assayed include one of Badenoch's cases (1954), Case 1 of Ryan and Forshaw (1955), Case 1 of Geydell (1957), Case 2 of Newman and Sumner (1957), Cases 1 , 3, 4, 5 and 6 of Hawkins and Meynell (1958) and those mentioned briefly by Richards (1956). We present details of this patient as she appears unique in that she had a very low serum vitamin BIZ level before treatment and responded clinically and haematologically to this substance.


Despite recommendations to allow family presence during resuscitation, mixed attitudes and practices persist in clinical practice today. The findings of three recent qualitative research studies are presented in this review. These phenomenological studies explore the lived experience of family presence from different perspectives. Miller and Stiles (2009) describe the experiences of hospital nurses, Maxton (2008) focuses on parental perceptions, and Mcmahon-Parkes, Moule, Benger, and Albarran (2009) study the attitudes and beliefs of patients themselves. This article presents an analysis of these study findings and overall conclusions related to family presence during resuscitation. Key Words: Family Presence, Parental Presence, Resuscitation, Family-Witnessed Resuscitation, Nurses, and Qualitative Research Many family members are asked to leave the bedside of their loved one during times of medical crisis. Although national health care organizations endorse family presence during resuscitation (American Heart Association, 2005; Emergency Nurses Association, 1994; Henderson & Knapp, 2005), mixed attitudes and practices exist today. What are the views of patients, parents, and nurses about family-witnessed resuscitation efforts? This review of the findings of three different qualitative research studies answers this question. While some findings are unique to one study, common perceptions were shared by parents, patients, and nurses. In this article, these studies are described and analyzed. Based on this evidence, important applications for nursing practice are identified. Background and Context


This workshop explored the design and deployment of digital technologies in nature. We sought to facilitate interdisciplinary dialog to explore how technology use may impact wildlife and change relations between humans, wildlife, and the environment, as well as to identify current design challenges and future opportunities for technology use in nature. Participant presentations shared uses of technologies for ecology, conservation, education, advocacy, and artistic engagement with nature. Through presentations and discussions, we explored opportunities and challenges associated with expanding deployment of sensors, drones, and mobile technologies in the natural world. Designing for natural settings requires collaboration between researchers and practitioners in fields such as animal-computer interaction (ACI), human-computer interaction (HCI), ecology, environmental psychology, arts, conservation technology and environmental management, as well as meaningful inclusion of local communities and non-human stakeholders. As an output of this workshop, we aim to establish a venue for interdisciplinary discussion on the challenges, tensions and ethical issues that arise in designing digital technologies for natural environments.


Objective To study the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of GSTT1、GSTM1 and GSTP1 and the susceptibility of colorectal cancer.Methods A case-control study was conducted with 315 cases of colorectal cancer and 439 population-based controls in Jiangsu Province,China.The epidemiological data were collected,and DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes was obtained from all of the subjects.Genotypes of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 were detected by multiplex PCR.Polymorphism of the GSTP1 A →G was detected using PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphisms(PCR-RFL P) with A lw26I.Results ① No significant difference was found in prevalence of GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotypes deletion among the patients and controls(55.24 %、57.31 %and72.70 %、73.29 % respectively) ②the frequencies of the GSTP1 A/A、A/G and G/G genotypes distribution were(57.51%、)36.74% and 5.75% in colorectal caner cases,and 63.70%、31.05% and 5.25% in controls,respectively,with no significantly different(χ~2_(MH)=2.993,P=0.224).Individuals who had GSTP1 G/G genotypes were at no increased risk of developing colorectal cancer(adjusted for age,sex and status of the smoking and alcohol drinking(OR = 1.09,95%CI:0.79~1.51) compared with those with GSTP1 A/A genotypes.Conclusion The polymorphisms of GSTT1、GSTM1 and GSTP1 has no relationship with the susceptibility of colorectal cancer in Jiangsu Province.


16 March is the National Day of Action against Bullying and Violence (NDA). Its theme is to encourage parents and families to take a stand together with school communities and recognise the important role that everyone plays to stop bullying, wherever it occurs.


The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) serves as a sensorimotor interface by integrating multisensory signals with motor related information for generating and updating body representations and movement plans. Using retrograde transneuronal transfer of rabies virus combined with a conventional tracer, we identified direct and polysynaptic pathways to two PPC areas, the rostral medial intraparietal area (MIP) and the ventral part of the lateral intraparietal area (LIPv) in macaque monkeys. We found that rostral MIP and LIPv receive ascending vestibular pathways, and putative efference copy inputs disynaptically from the medullary medial reticular formation (MRF) where reticulospinal pathways to neck and arm motoneurons originate. LIPv receives minor disynaptic vestibular inputs, and substantial projections from the head movement‐related rostral MRF, consistent with head gain modulation of LIPv activity and a role in planning gaze shifts. Rostral MIP is the target of prominent disynaptic pathways from reaching‐ and head movement‐related MRF domains, and major ascending vestibular pathways trisynaptically from both labyrinths, explaining prominent vestibular responses and discrimination between active and passive movements demonstrated in rostral MIP and in the neighboring ventral intraparietal area, which are heavily interconnected. The findings that rostral MIP (belonging to the 'parietal reach region'), receives vestibular inputs as directly as classical vestibular areas, via a parallel channel, and efference copy signals pathways from MRF reticulospinal domains that belong to reach and head movement networks have important implications for the understanding of the role of the PPC in updating body representations and internal models for online guidance of movement.


This paper proposes a simple method of forming two-player and four-player golf teams for the purposes of net best-ball tournaments in stroke play format. The proposal is based on the recognition that variability is an important consideration in team composition; highly variable players contribute greatly in a best-ball setting. A theoretical rationale is provided for the proposed team formation. In addition, simulation studies are carried out which compare the proposal against other common methods of team formation. In these studies, the proposed team composition leads to competitions that are more fair.


116 In table 1 a view is given of the reliability of our isolation work and in part of the pollination methods. Our isolation technique is practically completely safe, as there is less than one percent fertile' nuts in the "control bagsT7 (table I), the 4 fertile nuts in 1953 may be explained by too late isolation, and the controlled pollinations made on April 30 and May 1 1953 consequently were cancelled. In 1956 we have no explanation of the 3 fertile nuts, as isolation was made early. Perhaps male flowers were forgotten in the bags, however there are other possible sources of error. In a few cases we have blown into the "control bags" dead pollen in order to See if in this way we were conveying small unwanted lots of viable pollen. There is a slight possibility that by unlucky chance such extraneous pollen could be mixed with other pollen in the laboratory if for instance great care is not taken to avoid mixture. The possibility of pollen from the air entering the bag when the hole was pricked was also investigated. According to table 1 neither of these possibilities seem to be significant, but small scale experiments in 1956 with beech pollen stored from 1952 and 1954 indicate that occasionally extraneous pollen may find its way into the bags (table 2). I t is difficult to state a t which phase of the work such extraneous pollen may be admixed. The possibility cannot be excluded that a small amount of the stored pollen was really still viable, but it is not probable. Further experiments on storage of pollen are desirable.


Background: Dentofacial deformities have a major negative social impact because of its association with esthetic and functional limitations. The present study was conducted to assess the impact of orthognathic surgery on quality of life in patients with dentofacial defects. Materials & Methods: 52 patients undergoing dental surgery to correct dentofacial deformities of both genders were included. Group I comprised of cases and group II control subjects.  Deformities were grouped for analysis into DEF. 0, DEF. 1, DEF. 2, DEF. 3 and DEF. 4 (Other Deformities). OHIP-14 was completed in three stages: 1 week before surgery (T0), 1 month following surgery (T1), and 3 months following surgery (T2). The response recorded was never (0), rarely (1), sometimes (2), often (3), and always (4). Results: Out of 52 patients, males were 32 and females were 20. OHIP- 14 score 19 at T0, 22 at T1, 7 at T2, 3 at T1-T0, -12 at T2-T0 and -15 at T2-T1. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).


Asymptotic techniques are usually employed for electromagnetic analysis of large and complex scenarios. Determination of ray paths from source to observation region is the first stage of a computation. Beam tracing methods, formerly developed for computer graphics, ensure continuous scenario coverage overcoming drawbacks of usual ray tracing. In this paper these are extended for application to electromagnetic analysis and improved to solve for multiple order interactions with scatterers by resorting to the astigmatic beam scheme. Wedge diffraction is solved recursively by minimising an aberration error. A numerical analysis has been performed for comparisons with a backward ray tracer showing a good agreement of results.


Gas hydrates are solid compounds similar to ice crystals where cages of water molecules enclose molecules of natural gas mostly being methane a well as ethane, propane, etc. It has long been known that the natural gas hydrates occur globally in sediments mainly in the continental slope and in permafrost regions of the continent. Over the past years, geoscientists had acquired a lot of information about the physical and chemical characteristics, geological conditions of formation and concentration, distribution of the gas hydrate, the technology and methold of explorating and exploitating, as well as the potentially influence on environment. Scientific ocean drilling provided the only avenue for us to gain sample of gashydrate and bearinggashydrate sediments and free gas from deep setting, especially Leg164 and Leg204 of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). By studying the data from ODP, geoscientists had analyzed in situ property of bearinggashydrate sediments, discussed reacting mechanism among gas, water, sediment and gashydrate. The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) will provide a new opportunity for us to research the Earth's history and the System's Processing (ESP), and will reveal the importance of gashydrate in the process. 


The magneto-transport properties in Sulfur doped Bi2Se3 are investigated. The magnetoresistance (MR) decreases with increase of S content and finally for 7% (i.e. y=0.21) S doping the magnetoresistance becomes negative. This negative MR is unusual as it is observed when magnetic field is applied with the perpendicular direction to the plane of the sample. The magneto-transport behavior shows the shubnikov-de hass (SdH) oscillation indicating the coexistence of both surface and bulk states. The negative MR has been attributed to the bulk conduction.


We present the system architecture of a heterogeneous computer perception system. The systems consists of several sensors (audio and video) which are linked to a fusion module via TCP/IP. Each single sensor comprises a camera (microphone array) and a connected computer which performs low level signal processing. The setup described currently deals with the detection of people in the monitored area. Thus the single vision sensors run real-time face detectors, as described by B. Froba et al. (see IASTED SIP2002, p.497-502, 2002), as low level vision algorithms. Each sensor computes a scene estimate which consists of a set of detected faces, represented by a hierarchical structure of cuboids. The estimates of all sensors at a time step are sent to the fusion module which produces a final 3D-estimate of the person's position within the scene. The fusion module also provides the network-wide system clock and assures the synchronicity of all sensors. First tests of the framework show that it is possible to do synchronic real-time processing with a 40 ms clock cycle in a network (100 Mbit Ethernet) of several Linux and Windows 2000 computers. Current developments are directed towards more robust and noise insensitive fusion methods using extended Kalman filtering. A real-time detection of whole bodies instead of only faces is also under development. (4 pages)


The purpose of this study was to examine the spelling of noun's, verb's and adjectives' inflectional morphemes in the Greek language by 9–11-year old children. Three groups participated in this study. Particularly, 21 sixth graders with reading and spelling difficulties, 21 chronological age-matched children and 24 younger reading and spelling-level-matched children. At first, students were assessed on a range of tests of non verbal ability, short-memory abilities, as well as reading and spelling abilities. In the experimental spelling task they were asked to spell nouns, verbs and adjectives in dictated sentences. Children with reading and spelling difficulties were less accurate and less consistent than chronological age-matched children in spelling inflectional morphemes. Moreover, children with reading and spelling difficulties performed similarly to younger reading and spelling-level-matched children as far as spelling accuracy and spelling consistency of inflections are concerned. In some cases of inflectional morphemes the three groups did not differ. Finally, children spelled noun and verb inflections more accurately than adjective inflections.


Pressure drop oscillations in forced convection flow of Freon-11 near onset of boiling, noting flow rate for instability and limit cycles


Internet technology has developed at very fast speed since 1990s and Chinese internet user increases day by day.Internet has turned into the necessary things in people′s production and life.At the same time,public opinion on internet has become the new form of public opinion circulation besides the news paper,periodical,radio,TV and movie,namely public opinion on internet.In current society,the position of public opinion on internet is more and more important,it not only influences many aspects of society,also impacts the governmental action.


Abduction is an important form of nonmonotonic reasoning allowing one to find explanations for certain symptoms or manifestations. When the application domain is described by a logical theory, we speak about logic-based abduction. Candidates for abductive explanations are usually subjected to minimality criteria such as subset-minimality, minimal cardinality, minimal weight, or minimality under prioritization of individual hypotheses. This paper presents a comprehensive complexity analysis of relevant decision and search problems related to abduction on propositional theories. Our results indicate that abduction is harder than deduction. In particular, we show that with the most basic forms of abduction the relevant decision problems are complete for complexity classes at the second level of the polynomial hierarchy, while the use of prioritization raises the complexity to the third level in certain cases.


"Time Control" means to control the execution time of a program. In Authorware, by making use of the system's variables and functions relating to time, we can design deft and multiform "Time Control" programs.


Agglomeration theory argues that locating close to competitors can be beneficial in terms of gaining from heightened demand – more frequent consumer visits and subsequent purchases through reducing consumer search costs. This paper examines the trade-off between competition and the agglomeration effects of physical proximity in the Beijing hotel industry. It seeks to answer two questions: (1) What types of hotels contribute more to agglomeration? (2) What types of hotels benefit more from agglomeration? The results suggest that only high star-ranking joint venture hotels contribute to heightened demand while hotels of all star rankings benefit similarly from agglomeration.


Microbial fuel cells are an emerging technology for the production of electricity and simultaneously the reduction of organic load (COD) in wastewater, this type of technology is still in laboratory-scale studies, since it represents an opportunity in the development of alternative energies, due to the available volume of wastewater treatment in Colombia. To implement this type of technology there are different components and variables that must be studied in order to ensure the generation of electrical energy and reduction of organic load of the waste water.The present research work focuses on the design, construction and commissioning of a microbial fuel cell, through the study of the most commonly used configurations at laboratory scale, the materials of which it is composed and the influence of them in the generation of electrical energy and waste water treatment.We analyzed the dimensions of the components of a CCM, the composition of the bridge of ion exchange and its relationship with the generation of energy, the material of the electrodes and their characteristics which allow the process to be carried out in an appropriate manner and allow the continuity in the research.Finally settled the operating parameters of the process, identifying a virtual instrumentation software in order to monitor the variable temperature and relate the influence of microbial growth and hence in the generation of electrical energy.


Since the primary purpose of restoring historic buildings is to protect and preserve them as they are, any modification or renovation to those buildings and their elements works to change their features during the rebuilding process of the destroyed or lost parts. To this end, it must be without prejudice to the principles outlined in the conservation charters. Therefore, this extent should be determined precisely for each case to avoid restoring archaeological buildings leading to objective and sometimes even historically misleading results. The 2014 - 2017 war caused massive damage to Mosul city, especially the old one. Many of its heritage buildings have changed in a way that distorts the identity of the ancient city, distinguished by its unique architectural elements, affecting its situation on the Tentative World Heritage List. To great extent, this heritage suffers from a fundamental problem represented in individual reconstruction processes without any rules governing them, and at the same time, it harms the architectural and heritage value of the city. Thus, this study aims to shed light on the study of the reconstruction process of one of the heritage houses in the old city of Mosul (Beit al- Tutunji) and the extent to which it applies the standards of world heritage, in order to reach results showing whether it can be considered a successful model that can be a sample for the rest of the future reconstruction processes in the city.


Objective:To investigate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease adiponectin and C-reactive protein level changes and clinical significance of.Methods:From August August 2010 2012 in our hospital for treatment of 68 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients as the research object,according to the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in different period is divided into A group and B group,A group patients in stable stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,and group B patients in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in acute exacerbation stage,the emotional Gao Min ELISA kit for detection and comparison in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases adiponectin and C-reactive protein level in.Results:The patients in the B group and C reactive protein levels were significantly lower than those in A group(P0.05),and B group was significantly higher than that of patients with adiponectin levels of patients in the A group(P0.05).Conclusions:In clinical medical activity,we could be detected by adiponectin and C-reactive protein level to determine in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity,early treatment and intervention,improve the prognosis of the patients.


We have developed a process to fabricate well-aligned, patterned, carbon nanotube field emitters on glass substrates. The process consists of depositing and patterning a nickel-based metal line on the glass substrate followed by a bias-enhanced microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition to grow carbon nanotube emitters. A turn-on field of 1.2 V/μm, and emission currents of 1 mA/cm2 at 3 V/μm were achieved on well-aligned carbon nanotube emitters. A test of cathode-ray tube lighting elements now underway suggests a lifetime of exceeding 10 000 h.


Image can be decomposed into homogenous components u and oscillatory components v by using variational methods.However the solution of traditional variational methods has contrast loss and staircasing effect.Now we propose a local adaptive variational decomposition method based on L1.Using L1-norm as the fidelity term,we can get the solution which preserves the edges of original images and the contrast invariant.At the same time,the adaptive function which we induced here can reduce the staircasing effect on homogenous component u.Numerical results are presented,showing that the new method works better on several various types of images for image decomposition and denoising than traditional methods.


Hyperhomocysteine has become a critical risk for atherosclerosis and can stimulate proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) is a receptor of homocysteine and mediates the effects of homocysteine on VSMCs. Bioinformatics analysis has shown NMDAR is a potential target of microRNA‐217 (miR‐217), which exerts multiple functions in cancer tumorigenesis and carotid plaque progression. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of miR‐217 in VSMCs phenotype transition under homocysteine exposure and elucidate its effect on atherosclerotic plaque formation. After treating with several doses of homocysteine (0–8 × 10−4 mol/L) for 24 hours, the expression of miR‐217 in HA‐VSMCs and rat aortic VSMCs was not altered. Intriguingly, the expression of NMDAR mRNA and protein was reduced by homocysteine in a dose‐dependent manner. Transfection of miR‐217 mimic significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs with homocysteine treatment, while transfection of miR‐217 inhibitor promoted VSMCs migration. Moreover, miR‐217 mimic down‐regulated while miR‐217 inhibitor up‐regulated NMDAR protein expression but not NMDAR mRNA expression. Through luciferase reporter assay, we showed that miR‐217 could directly bind to the 3′‐UTR of NMDAR. MiR‐217 mimic transfection also released the inhibition of cAMP‐response element‐binding protein (CREB)‐PGC‐1α signalling induced by homocysteine. Additionally, restoration of PGC‐1α expression via AdPGC‐1α infection markedly suppressed VSMCs proliferation through the degradation of NADPH oxidase (NOX1) and reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Collectively, our study identified the role of miR‐217 in regulating VSMCs proliferation and migration, which might serve as a target for atherosclerosis therapy.


The reversible part of StepScan DSC record of a glass in the region of the glass transition was interpreted as a measure of the conversion degree a of the A ↔ B type equilibrium reaction identified with a reversible part of glass ↔ undercooled melt transition. The temperature course of the conversion degree, α(T), was expressed in terms of the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant alternatively with the temperature dependent and temperature independent reaction enthalpy. Experimental data of eight various inorganic and organic glasses were fitted by the proposed model. The formalism of temperature independent formal reaction enthalpy was sufficient to reach an acceptable quality of the fit, i.e. the fit accuracy level of an average experimental error. The model of temperature dependent formal reaction enthalpy was found inappropriate due to strong inter-correlations between the regression parameters. In contrary to the previously reported model the proposed model yields the maximum conversion rate at the conversion degree lower than 0.5.


Contents: Preface. Introducing the Problem. Computer Anxiety: A Matter of Gender. The Social Context of Computing. Expectancies and the Computer. A Threat in the Air. Working Toward Solutions. Solutions: Single-Sex Schools and Classrooms?


The transmission of infectious diseases depends on the social networks among people and the protections that people have taken before being exposed to the disease. Mass media is playing a key role in making the public aware of the disease and its transmissibility and severity. Motivated by the importance of heterogeneous risk perception in the population to response to infectious disease outbreaks, we propose a heterogeneous three-layer network model, namely the Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered Unaware-Aware-Protected (SEIR-UAP) model, where people's vulnerability to the disease is influenced by the processes of awareness information diffusion, preventive behavior change and infectious disease transmission. We found that (a) the awareness of the disease plays the central role in preventing disease outbreak; (b) we need a reasonable ratio of "over-reacting" nodes to effectively control the disease outbreak; (c) diseases with a longer incubation period and a higher recovery rate are easier to control because the processes of information diffusion and behavior change can help people prepare for the upcoming exposure to the disease; (d) it is more difficult to control the disease with asymptomatic cases. The results provide evidence that mass media should not play down the transmissibility and severity of diseases, so that the public can become aware of the disease as soon as possible.


Sun yatsen's followers made some impacts upon Sun yatsen when they explored socialism at the end of Dynasty Qin and the beginning of the Republic of China.Their thoughts were absorbed and developed by Sun yatsen afterwards.


Abstract In a pulmonary-disease ward containing a respiratory-disease intensive-care unit, 9 per cent of the patients on the ward and one fifth to one third of those in the intensive-care unit harbored Pseudomonas aeruginosa in their respiratory tracts. Eight patients acquired pseudomonas pulmonary infections in the hospital. The fine-particle aerosol from unheated room humidifiers (Walton "centrifugal atomizer," Model HA) was shown to cause heavy environmental contamination by Ps. aeruginosa. Air sampling by the settling plate method yielded 300 gram-negative bacteria, including pseudomonas, per square foot per minute. Pyocin typing was used to identify the endemic strains of pseudomonas in reservoir water, in room air and in the sputum of patients with chronic respiratory disease. Each of four respirators in the intensive-care unit propagated 6 × 106 organisms per day. Decontamination of humidifiers by various means was unsatisfactory, and their use was discontinued.


(54) ANTI-REFLECTION COATINGS FOR Related U.S. Application Data SEMCONDUCTOR LASERS (60) Provisional application No. 60/293,738, filed on May (76) Inventors: Andreas Wittman, Kilchberg (CH); 25, 2001. Michael Solar, Zurich (CH); Ernst-Eberhard Latta, Adliswill (CH); Publication Classification Martin Krejci, Zurich (CH); Tim Kellner, Zurich (CH) (51) Int. Cl. ................................................... H01S 5/00 (52) U.S. Cl. ................................................................ 372/49 Correspondence Address: Lee, Mann, Smith, McWilliams, Sweeney & Ohlson (57) ABSTRACT P.O. BOX 2786 Chicago, IL 60690-2786 (US) A Semiconductor laser arranged to emit at a given wave length has a light emitting facet carrying a phase-shifting (21) Appl. No.: 09/993,824 anti-reflection coating, whose thickneSS is one quarter that of the given wavelength. Coupling at the light emitting facet is (22) Filed: Nov. 6, 2001 arranged to take place at the minimum of the Standing wave.


The morphology of the quadratomandibular joint was investigated in Hooded crow (omnivorous bird) and Cattle egret (carnivourous bird). We investigated the articular surfaces and the capsule. The quadrato-mandibular joint in both birds was formed by the quadrate bone of the skull and the articular bone of the mandible. The articulation lacked the fibrocarilagenous disks which commonly present in the tempro-mandibular joint in mammalian species.The differences between the two birds were in the size of the articular surface, thickness of the fibrous layer of the joint capsule and the site of attachments of the ligaments. These differences might be correlated with the different patterns of feeding behavior. We also suggested the suitable site for the intraarticular injection of this joint in both bird species which might help in the treatment of the joint affections.


Heavy metals (HM) and glucosinolates (GS) have been studied extensively over the last three decades, because of their active involvement in plant defences against a variety of insect herbivores. These inorganic (HM) and organic (GS) chemicals defend the plants through various mechanisms. Heavy metals defend the plants either by deterring the herbivores from feeding on the heavy metal accumulator plant or through toxicity of the accumulated metal after ingestion. Glucosinolates, naturally occurring secondary metabolites in brassica plants, after herbivory are hydrolysed by myrosinase enzyme in to different toxic compounds such as; isothiocyanates, thiocyanates and nitriles, which prevent further herbivory. These compounds deter the insect attack either through direct toxicity or by hindering digestion of the tissue after ingestion. In response to these defence mechanisms, insect herbivores have co-evolved/counter adapted numerous strategies to avoid the toxicity caused by heavy metals and glucosinolates. As a counter adaptation strategy of herbivores, heavy metal toxicity is avoided by switching host or detoxifying through dietary dilution. Toxicity of GS and its hydrolysis products is countered by employing various tactics including leaf snipping, speedy absorption of GS and diverting the conversion of GS to harmless compounds. This review addresses the mechanisms of heavy metals and GS based plant defences. Moreover, counter adaptation mechanisms evolved by feeding herbivores to detoxify these plant defence compounds are encompassed. © 2018 Friends Science Publishers


his study intended to identify how resilience and character strength among members are influenced instability would have a negative impact on job...


Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) constitute a group of acquired muscular diseases that occur during childhood and adulthood, exhibit a variety of phenotypes and are potentially life-threatening. IIM diagnosis considers clinical, serological, and histological data. Muscle pathological analysis of IIM patients gives relevant elements for the diagnosis (immune cell infiltrate, vascular and connective tissues, as well as myofiber morphology). Immunochemistry (IHC) labeling for major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), and C5b9, that are negative in normal muscle, appeared of interest in IIM diagnosis and the understanding of IIM pathogenesis. In normal muscle, myofibers are negative for MHC-II IHC. Its interest in the neuropathological exam of IIM muscle remains to be better characterized.This study aims to analyze the pattern of MHC-II expression in various IIMs.A historical cohort was designed using the MYOLYON register (IIM patients diagnosed between 2016 and 2020 at the University Hospital of Lyon, France). Inclusion criteria were IIM diagnosis that was established histologically and available frozen muscle samples for additional analyses. Exclusion criterium was any treatment before muscle biopsy. Demographical data and final diagnosis were collected retrospectively from medical records. A centralized, standardized, and blind analysis of muscle MHC-II immuno-staining was conducted to define the various patterns of MHC-II by myofibers and by capillaries. The study complied with ethical requirements.Seventy-three patients were included: 23 dermatomyositis (DM), 13 anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS), 13 immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies (IMNM), 13 inclusion body myositis (IBM), and 11 overlap myositis (OM). MHC-II immuno-staining of myofibers or capillaries was abnormal for 91.8% of the analyzed biopsies (Figure 1). The analysis of MHC-II myofiber immuno-staining revealed distinguishable patterns according to IIM subtype: the labeling was diffuse in IBM (69.2%, n=9/13), perifascicular in ASS (61.5%, n=8/13), and variable in OM (patchy for 27.3% n=3/11 or clustered for 36.4%, n=4/11). MHC-II immuno-staining was negative in IMNM (84.6%, n=11/13) and in DM (47.8%, n=11/23). DM exhibiting positive MHC-II myofibers (n=12) were associated with the presence of anti-TIF1γ, anti-NXP2 and anti-SAE auto antibodies (n=5, n=3 and n=2, respectively). Among the 12 patients, there were juvenile cases (n=5, 41.7%) or DM associated with ongoing neoplasia (n=4, 33.3%). Three main architectures were described for capillaries: giant, leaky and capillary dropout. Patterns of MHC-II positive capillaries were the following: DM was characterized by capillary dropout (68.2%), IMNM showed leaky capillaries (75.0%), IBM giant capillaries (66.7%), ASS exhibited both giant (61.5%) and/or leaky (58.3%) capillaries, while OM showed giant (63.6%) or/and leaky (80.0%) capillaries and capillaries dropout (60.0%).The present work establishes the usefulness of MHC-II immuno-staining for IIM diagnosis, and gives additional elements on the impairment of myofibers and capillaries in the various IIM subgroups. MHC-II expression is known to be induced by inflammatory cytokine such as interferon type II. This could be linked to myofiber and/or capillary impairment in some IIMs, such as IBM, ASS and OM. These results also support the implication of vasculopathy in IIM pathogenesis, with various structural and cellular consequences regarding the different subgroups. Finally, MHC-II immuno-staining in IIM muscle biopsies enables a foremost analysis of myofibers and capillaries, and represents an additional biomarker to distinguish IIM subgroups.[1]De Bleecker, J.L. et al. 205th ENMC International Workshop: Pathology diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies part II 28-30 March 2014, Naarden, The Netherlands. Neuromuscul Disord 2015, 25, 268-272.None declared.


This essay seeks to contribute to the subject of generating fame in one's lifetime in literature. It begins by exploring the conditions and strategies which need to be present, in order to reach the highest level of fame - stardom - in one's lifetime. In contrast to other areas such as film, music, sport, theatre and the like, literature has struggled to produce stars. However, at the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth century - that is, long before the advent of the film star - Karl May was the incarnation of a writer who fulfilled all the significant requirements which constitutes a star. He was endowed with the double body and an organised following of supporting fans, and he possessed a media presence as well the required continuity - albeit one that was limited in time.


This article implements and analyzes machine-learning algorithms, for predicting carsprices. Predicting prices is one of the most challenging but interesting tasks. There are so many factors involved in the prediction - year of manufacture, condition, mileage, engine size, etc. All these aspects combine to make auto prices volatile and very difficult to predict with a high degree of accuracy. Machine learning techniques can uncover patterns and ideas that we have not seen before, and can be used to predict and classify data accurately and accurately. The choice of the proper data classification algorithm, which would be suitable for a given task, depends on the volume, quality and nature of the data, on the computing resources of the computer, and how you plan to use the result. Each classification algorithm has its own characteristics and is based on certain assumptions. Also requires practical skills. In practice, it is always recommended to compare the quality of at least several different learning algorithms in order to choose the best model for a particular task, since the most experienced data scientists will not be able to tell which algorithm is more efficient. Algorithms can differ in the number of features or samples, the noise level in the dataset, and whether the classes are linearly separable or not. Ultimately, the quality of the classifier, its computational and predictive power, depends on the underlying data intended for training the algorithm. The purpose of this article is to consider the stages of pre-processing training data, and show how machine learning in particular and information technology in general have succeeded in developing tools for modeling, designing, predicting, planning and decision support in the field of auto sales. This study proposes a hybrid approach to forecasting problems, that is, solving forecasting problems using statistical analysis and machine learning methods.


In this paper,the correlative calculation methods which comprise the calculation of pressure distribution,geometrical characteristic,aerodynamic force and heating for hypersonic cone are presented.And then,the additional aerodynamic force and heating were calculated and analyzed for typical blunt cone with bulge.The correlative calculation results agree well with the shock tunnel test results.


We consider the problem of detecting the presence of hidden data in colour jpg images.LSB Matching is attractive because it is extremely simple to implement.It has proved much harder to detect than LSB Replacement because it does not introduce the same asymmetries into the stego image.In this paper,we develop a new discriminant based on the statistical feature that the number of neighbour colours extremely increases in stego jpg image.The experiment result proved the new discriminant reliable.


Porous PLGA microparticle for the coencapsulation of doxorubicin and miR-519c was successfully constructed through the water-oil-water emulsion solvent evaporation method, using ammonium bicarbonate as a porogen. It has been characterized with high porous surface, adaptive aerodynamic diameter (<10 μm), favorable drug loading, and sustained release profile. The release supernatant exhibited a higher inhibition of cell proliferation than those from porous PLGA microparticles harboring a single component (doxorubicin or miR-519c), attributing to the enhanced induction of cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S phase. Finally, the improved intracellular concentration of doxorubicin was elucidated by flow cytometry and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, owing to the knockdown of drug transporter ABCG2 by miR-519c. Overall, the porous PLGA microparticle combining chemotherapy and gene therapy could facilitate the antitumor efficacy and reduce the side effects, and thus, it is potential to be used as a sustained release system for lung cancer treatment via pulmonary administration.


Our continuing investigation of gas phase ion-molecule chemistry involving metal ions has led us to to examine the nature and behavior of organometallic ion radicals of a sort that would represent a new class of distonic ions. As a starting point, we generated a radical cation, {sup +}FeC{sub 6}H{sub 4}{sup *}. All the experiments were performed on an Extrel FTMS-2000 dual cell Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer equipped with 3T superconducting magnet. Fe{sup +} was generated by laser desorption-ionization of the pure metal target using a Nd:YAG laser. The results reported here represent the first evidence of an organometallic distonic ion in the gas phase. 18 refs., 1 fig.


Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is one of the valuable ve getables belonging to Umbelliferae plant family and being greatly cultivated in Iran. Our previous study on c arrot samples taken from different climatic regions of showed that; some weather changes could affect the caroten oids levels in carrot. Since carotenoids levels in carrot may have influence on the antioxidant activity of the p lant; therefore the present study was aimed to dete rmine the maximum free scavenging activity of carrot among Ir anian carrot growing regions. Furthermore we studie d the association between cartotenoids levels and scaveng ing activity in carrot. The samples were extracted with 60 % acetone and centrifuged and then the aqueous extrac ts were evaluated using DPPH (2, 2 diphenyl 1picrylhydrazyl) for free scavenging activities. IC 50 of samples were finally compared to ascorbic acid. The highest and lowest inhibition of DPPH radical was found to be 4 7.20 ± 10.42 and 263.86 ± 39.53 which were related to carrots taken from Zarinshahr and Andimeshk regions in Isfa han and Khuzestan provinces, respectively. IC 50 values obtained from these regions were ranged from 25.95 to 337.26. Strong scavenging activity of DPPH radic ls was seen in carrots taken from Isfahan province with IC 50 value of 1.20 times of Vit-C`s. There was not any significant correlation between carotenoid levels and scavengin g activity. Based on this study we conclude that ca rrots from Zarinshahr in Isfahan have better antioxidant activ ity compared to other regions of Iran and its carot enoids levels could not play a prominent role in this property.


The medical travel market industry is growing as millions of people are crossing borders to seek healthcare services every year. Yet there is not sufficient empirical research around medical travel. People typically call all medical travelers "medical tourists," a practice that is not helpful. Therefore, from a public health perspective, it is important to understand the definition of medical travel, the motivations behind travel, and how to overcome public health challenges that may occur as a result of this practice. Since medical travel is an experience that does not finish with obtaining health services, it is important to gather medical travelers' profiles before and after they access healthcare services. This will allow healthcare professionals to follow medical travelers' outcomes and assess their health-related quality of life. A robust evidence base will promote better future decisions related to medical travel. Creating an evidence base for medical travel will support upstream policies and strategies aimed at regulating the medical travel market.


During the production and use of epoxy resin insulation materials, metal ions such as sodium ions(Na+) can significantly affect the insulation and dielectric properties of epoxy resins. In this paper, it was found that the Na+ content has a mechanism of promoting and then inhibiting the cross-linking reaction of epoxy resins. Firstly, epoxy resins with different Na+ contents were prepared and tested for breakdown strength and dielectric properties. The test results show that as the mass fraction of Na+ increases, the breakdown strength of the specimen gradually decreases, the dielectric constant first decreases and then increases, and the dielectric loss factor increases. Breakdown strength reduced to 68% when Na+ content is 0.50%. Meanwhile, the effect of Na+ on the crosslinking network of epoxy resins was calculated using Gaussian. When the Na+ content is low, it reacts with the curing agent and resin molecules successively, promoting the crosslinking of epoxy resins; as its content increases, the excess Na+ combine with the epoxy groups, forming O-Na bonds and inhibiting the formation of the crosslinking network. A combination of experiments and molecular simulations verifies the correctness of the mechanism of Na+ modulation of the crosslinking network of epoxy resins.


Wireless Sensor Networks are an active research area in diverse fields like military surveillance, habitat monitoring, weather and others. In WSN, the sensor nodes have a limited transmission range, processing, storage capabilities and energy resources. In this paper we illustrate the existing routing protocol ORMMA-WSN and analyse various parameters viz. throughput, delay, and network load by varying the number of sensor nodes and transmission power in a multi-sink scenario. Also, comparison has been made with AODV protocol. Analysis reveals that parameters are affected with increase in number of sensor nodes, transmitter power and ORMMA-WSN outperformed in throughput and delay with respect to AODV protocol.


Recent efforts by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency are undermining science, and public health advocates are working to stop them.


Changes in the biomass,contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),chlorophyll and free proline in the Cd-hyperaccumulator Rorippa globosa(Turcz.) Thell.,in particular,the relationships of free proline with Cd accumulation were investigated using pot-culture experiments and compared with a closely related species Rorippa islandica.Application of Cd significantly increased the content of free proline in both R.globosa and R.islandica.There was a significant increase in the level of free proline in leaves of R.globosa treated with 10 and 25μg/g Cd.Moreover,there were no change in biomass of R.globosa leaves,the level of MDA and the content of chlorophyll compared with the control.It could be thus suggested that free proline might play an important role against oxidative stress caused by Cd.The results of the correlation analysis indicated that free proline in roots of R.globosa and in whole tissues of R.islandica might act as the indication of Cd hyperaccumulation.


The invention discloses a formula and a preparation technology of a machine tool working solution. The formula of the machine tool working solution is characterized by comprising the following materials: 10-20 parts of dodecenylsuccinic acid, 5-10 parts of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 5-7 parts of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 2-6 parts of edible calcium benzoate, 5-7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2-7 parts of sodium phosphate, 5-10 parts of barium petroleum sulfonate, 5-8 parts of tricthanolamine, 5-8 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2-4 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 1-3 parts of rosin, 1-2 parts of defoaming agent and the balance of deionized water. According to the preparation technology of the machine tool working solution, the machine tool working solution is prepared from the materials through three steps. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the formula and the preparation technology of the machine tool working solution; and the cutting solution provided by the invention does not contain sodium nitride, machine oil or heavy metals, is harmless to hands and does not cause the falling of paint.


The isotope dilution method applied to the determination of the known cross section of the reaetion V/sup 51/(n, gamma )V/sup 52/ gave satisfactory results. It was then used for studying the for mation of Li/sup 6/ in O/sup 16/. The target, bomharded with 155 Mev protens, is tridistilled water. Simultaneously the production cross section of Be/sup 7/ under the same conditions was measured by counting the 480-kev gamma rays. The ratio of these two cross sections is in agreement with recent calculations made by I. Dostrovsky et al. (auth)


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a cooling device in which a defrosting operation time is suppressed to a necessary minimum. SOLUTION: The cooling device includes: an evaporator 3 for cooling an object to be cooled; a drain pan 6 that receives water generated in the evaporator 3 and exhausts it from an outlet 7; a temperature sensor 11 for detecting a water amount discharged from the drain pan 6; and a temperature determination control part 12 that performs determination treatment of a defrosting operation end based on a detection of the temperature sensor 11. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT


Reflects upon the experience of becoming a New York attorney, focusing on the New York Bar examination and particular issues faced by candidates with a foreign legal education.


ABSTRACT The implementation of public services based on information technology in Bogor City Licensing Agency aimed to see if the problems that exist in licensing services to be better or not using technology equipment. This research was conducted also to look at the benefits and obstacles to their implementation of information technology in the public service based on information technology. To look at a complex problem and requires in-depth understanding, this research method using descriptive qualitative. For the result of that, it is necessary to do the interview, observation and documentation study to be able to get valid data. This research was held in the Integrated Licensing Services and Investment Coordinating Board in the city of Bogor. Based on the results of this study concluded that the quality of public services based on information technology has been dissatisfactory. The indicators of public policy implementation are seen through communication, resources, dispotition and bureaucratic structure with the consideration of transparency, participation and efficiency aspect. Public services based on information technology has not been able to provide accurate information for the public, community participation has not been good and the employees of Integrated Licensing Services and Investment Coordinating Board in the city of Bogor are lack utilizing the existing technology. The public services that is fast, easy, and appropriate in the presence of information technology has not been implemented due to the lack of use on online systems in the community. Keywords : Policy implementation, Public Services, Information Technology, Integrated Licensing Services and Investment Coordinating Board in the city of Bogor


The chemical vapor deposition and properties of the boron-rich semiconductors B12As2 and B12P2 on 6H-SiC(0001) and silicon substrates were investigated. Crystalline, stoichiometric films were deposited between 1200 C and 1500 C using two types of reactants, hydrides (B2H6 and AsH3) for B12As2 and halides (BBr3 and PBr3) for B12P2. 6H-SiC proved to be the better substrate for B12As2 heteroepitaxy, in terms of the residual impurity concentrations. Films on Si substrates suffered from high concentrations of Si (up to 4at.%); in contrast, the Si and C concentrations in the B12As2 films deposited on 6H-SiC at 1300 C were at or below the detection limits of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The deposition temperature was significant as films deposited at 1450 C contained high residual C and Si concentrations (>1020 cm-3), probably due to the decomposition of the substrate. The hydrogen concentration in all B12As2 films was relatively high, with a minimum concentration of 3x1019 cm-3 in undoped B12As2. SIMS measurements showed that the hydrogen concentration was directly proportional to and tracked the Si concentration, reaching values as high as 3 x 1020 cm-3. The structural properties of the B12As2 films were characterized by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The FWHMmore » of typical high resolution x-ray rocking curves for the (333) peaks of the B12As2 films were 800 arcsec. The films are under tensile strain due the higher coefficient of thermal expansion for B12As2 than SiC. Rotational twins were present in B12As2 films deposited on (0001) oriented 6H-SiC substrates, as revealed by cross-sectional TEM and x-ray diffraction pole figures. While the c-plane 6H-SiC has six-fold rotational symmetry, rhombohedral B12As2 has only 3-fold symmetry (along its (111) axis), thus it randomly nucleates with two different in-plane orientations. The electrical properties of undoped and silicon-doped B12As2 deposited on semi-insulating 6H-SiC substrates were characterized by Hall effect measurements. The resistivity of p-type B12As2 films on semi-insulating 6H-SiC(0001) substrates was controllably varied over nearly four orders of magnitude by changing the concentrations of silicon into the films, incorporated by adding silane during deposition. The electrical properties of the B12As2 suffered from low hole mobilities, typically less than 3 cm2/V's. This was possibly a consequence of structural defects in the films. The resistivity of as-deposited undoped and silicon-doped B12As2 films decreased by two or more orders of magnitude after annealing at temperatures above 600 C in argon. This unexpected but reproducible effect of annealing on the resistivity of the semiconductor warrants further investigation. The properties of palladium, platinum, and chromium/platinum electrical contacts to B12As2 were tested at Pennsylvania State University. The Pd and Pt contacts exhibited nonlinear I-V characteristics and severe agglomeration upon annealing, but the Cr/Pt contacts were ohmic and remained smooth even after they were annealed at 750 C. The specific contact resistance of the Cr/Pt contacts dropped four orders of magnitude after samples were annealed in Ar for 30 s at 750 C. This reduction in specific contact resistance was linked to a simultaneous drop in the resistivity of B12As2 upon annealing. In subsequent experiments, a low specific contact resistance was also achieved when Cr/Pt was deposited on B12As2 films that were annealed prior to metallization instead of afterwards.« less


In experimental farm of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities from March to July in 2008,using four-year Asparagus officinalis L.cv.Apollo as experimental material,the effects of different amount of phosphorus fertilizer on yield and nutrient quality of green asparagus were studied.The results showed that the yield of green asparagus increased first and then slightly decreased with the increase of the amount of phosphorus fertilizer during the harvesting time when the amount of phosphorus fertilizer was within P 0-90 kg ha.The weight of per branches and the increase of branches were the major reasons for the increase of the yield of green asparagus.With the increase of amount of phosphorus fertilizer,the content of chlorophyll a and b increase,and the content of carotenoid had no obvious change,and the content of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid in later period was higher than those in prophase and metaphase.The content of soluble sugar,crude protein,soluble protein all increased with the increase of amount of phosphorus fertilizer.The content of mineral elements were much higher when the amount of phosphorus fertilizer was appropriate,but which was lower when the amount of phosphorus was too much or little.Under this experimental condition,when the amount of phosphorus fertilizer was about P 72 kg ha,green asparagus not only has higher yield and better nutrient quality.


The present invention relates to a phosphor and a white light emitting diode Specifically, Phosphor of the present invention is excited by the conventional InGaN-base blue LED and GaN-based long wavelength ultraviolet LED shows the emission of a wide spectrum. In addition, a light emitting diode using a phosphor according to the present invention showed excellent properties in color purity has a surface of a wide wavelength spectrum, when applied to the LED light source and the back of the liquid crystal display, it may indicate a very high light-emitting efficiency. White, light emitting, diodes, Ce resurrection silicate-based phosphor, a yellow phosphor


Lagrangian of a massive particle with spin 3/2 is considered in the Rarita-Schwinger formalism. We discuss implications of the contact- and the gauge-transformation on the physical content of free and interacting theories. It is shown that the ``contact-invariance'' is trivial and has no physical relevance. The requirement of the gauge-invariance of the free lagrangian fixes the off-shell lower-spin content of the spin-3/2 field. The gauge-invariance of the interaction lagrangian insures that these lower-spin components are not coupled, and (probably always) leads to theories consistent with local causality.


Taking a voice?controlled cooler remote as a typical example,the technology of speech recognition is de-scribed,which is based on single chip microcomputer.


Abstract : It is by now widely believed that the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the Carter administration's reaction to it mark a new watershed in the relationship between the two superpowers and augur a period of tensions and hostility, if not the beginning of a new Cold War. The main reason for this reassessment is the belief that the Soviet action represents a qualitatively new stage in Soviet policy -- one characterized by the unrestrained use of military power for the achievement of political objectives. Perhaps nothing is more characteristic of this attitude than the President's own statement that the Soviet intervention represents a 'radical departure' from previous Kremlin policy, which has caused a dramatic reversal of his views of Soviet policy and ultimate objectives. In fact, the Soviet Assault on Afghanistan, though particularly brutal, is neither unprecedented, nor is it particularly surprising, and Washington's present attitudes reveal a fundamental misperception of Soviet international behavior in general, and the role of military power in Moscow's foreign policy in particular.


Abstract This study focuses on the acid resistance of fine bone china ceramic aggregate (FBCA) concrete. Natural sand was partially and fully replaced by FBCA. The concrete specimens were exposed to 3% sulphuric acid solution up to 180 days. The main parameters identified were change in mass, compressive strength and microstructural changes. The changes in microstructure were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The stable form of raw FBCA and denser calcium silicate hydrate gel in FBCA concrete provide a superior resistance to acid attack than traditional concrete.


Marvels & Tales: Journal of Fairy-Tale Studies, Vol. 30, No. 1, 2016 131 Moen's book is a worthwhile read for any scholar seriously interested in fairy-tale cinema. Moen's keen focus on scene-level analysis, shooting techniques, and the nuances of cinematic paratexts presents an exemplary archival and textual analysis. Unlike many other works investigating cinematic fairy-tale adaptations, Moen's approach is first and foremost that of a film scholar, with attention devoted to both sociohistorical and technological details. At times this limits his scope; the book as a whole would benefit from its contextualization within contemporaneous fairy-tale scholarship in addition to its focus on early film criticism. in addition, its fixation on european and American film history raises the question of whether Moen's thesis applies to adaptations from outside the west. Nonetheless, as a historical overview of some of the most important techniques and practices in early fairy-tale filmmaking, Film and Fairy Tales provides an essential background for scholars conducting research on cinematic fairy tales. Kendra Magnus-Johnston and Kirstian Lezubski University of Winnipeg


Following a key idea of unconventional geometric quantum computation developed earlier [S. L. Zhu and Z. D. Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 187902 (2003)], here we propose a more general scheme in such an intriguing way: {gamma}{sub d}={alpha}{sub g}+{eta}{gamma}{sub g}, where {gamma}{sub d} and {gamma}{sub g} are respectively the dynamic and geometric phases accumulated in the quantum gate operation, with {eta} as a constant and {alpha}{sub g} being dependent only on the geometric feature of the operation. More interestingly, we demonstrate an experiment to implement a universal set of such kind of generalized unconventional geometric quantum gates with high fidelity in an NMR system.


In this paper, we will explore the creation of several new fiberoptic sensors based on the more sophisticated two-photon spectroscopic techniques for applications, such as, chemical sensing, magnetic/electric field sensing, and for the measurement of time or frequency. The unique properties of optical fibers and fiberoptic/integrated optic components are critical to the development of such sensors.


In this work, we describe the synthesis of two new copper(II) compounds, (Pr-Rad)2 [Cu(opba)].H2O (1) and (Bu-Rad)2[Cu(opba)].2H2O (2) where opba stands for ortho-phenylenebis(oxamato) and RRad+ are nitronyl nitroxide radical cations. From 1 and 2, two new molecule-based magnets [Pr-Rad]2[Mn2{Cu(opba)}3 ].3.3DMSO.5H2O (3) and [Bu-Rad]2 [Mn2{Cu(opba)}3].3DMSO.6H 2O (4) were obtained, respectively. The magnetic properties of precursors 1 and 2 show the presence of ferromagnetic interaction between the radical cations with copper(II), in the temperature range of 20-300 K. The magnets 3 and 4 exhibit spontaneous magnetization at critical temperatures, Tc, of 23 K and 24 K, respectively.


The watermelon (Citrullus lanatus, THUNB. Matsum & Nakai.) is an important and valuable vegetable crop that has the 3rd largest cultivated area in open field in Hungary. Our experiment was set up in the largest and most intensive melon growing area in Hungary, at Dombegyháza in Békés County. Our investigations were carried out with the Grizzly watermelon variety and during the experiment 5 different colors of plastic mulch (purple, transparent, green, black, and butter coloured) were used, the control was uncovered. In the field we measured the average weight of the fruits, and during our laboratory measurements we examined the following nutritional characteristics: invert and reducing sugar content, refraction and acidity. Based on the results of the two years of our study we can state that the different color of the plastic mulch did not show significant differences in the examined quantitative and qualitative parameters. Using plastic mulch soil covering between the rows in the watermelon production is likely to continue due to the fact that the fruits remain clean, between the rows the soil remains weed-free, and the problem of labor shortage can be solved with this technology.


Gustave Flaubert, the nineteenth-century realist writer known for his unique way of writing his novels, for his impersonal and impassive techniques that highly featured at the time, was also tempted by the fashionable travel diary although for him travel nurtured his later literary creation and self-discovery, alongside his power of suggestion. Our study is intended, first, to review the term travel as a literary genre and the travel story as a variant of writing over the centuries, and then, to thoroughly analyse the status of the realistic writer Flaubert, perpetually balancing two trends: a writer-traveller and a traveller-writer.


This article is about theoretical aspects of literature's criticism's study. The author analyses how the poetics of critical text depends on functional properties of criticism. He stresses a necessity of using principles of linguistics for the analysis of critical texts.


Latham and Stow (1965a) found that when an ice sphere evaporates it acquires an electric charge, the sign of which is determined by that of the temperature gradient in the surface of the sphere. If the surface of the sphere was colder than the interior, the sphere became negatively charged ; if the surface was warmer than the interior, the sphere acquired a positive charge. The magnitude of the charging increased with increasing evaporation rate and temperature gradient. These observations were shown to be explicable qualitatively in terms of the theory of charge transfer associated with temperature gradients in ice, proposed by Latham and Mason (1961). It was concluded that although electric charge will be separated in the atmosphere in several common meteorological situations involving the evaporation of ice or snow, the rates of electrification are so low that this process probably does not contribute significantly to the electrical budget of the atmosphere. However, the experiments of Latham and Stow were performed in the absence of an electric field, whereas the atmospheric situations in which this evaporation process will generate charge are often accompanied by intense electric fields. These include the evaporation of snowflakes in a snowstorm or a blizzard, the evaporation of ice crystals at the edges of a thundercloud, and the evaporation of hail pellets falling through unsaturated air below the base of a thundercloud. Electric fields have been shown to have a profound effect upon many physical processes which occur in the atmosphere. For example, it has been demonstrated that the presence of strong electric fields can prevent drop bounce-off (Rayleigh 1879), promote drop collisions and increase collecion efficiency, produce drop disruption (Macky 1931, Nolan 1926), accelerate ice crystal growth (Schaefer 1953, Bartlett, van den Heuvel and Mason 1963) and increase the efficiency of aggregation of colliding ice crystals (Latham and Saunders 1964). In addition, Doyle, Moffett and Vonnegut (1964) have shown that when a highly charged water droplet evaporates in an electric field it periodically ejects numerous tiny droplets carrying an appreciable electric charge ; this process could modify the droplet population and charge distribution within a cloud. It appears possible, therefore, that the electrification which accompanies the evaporation of ice may be drastically modified in the presence of an electric field. The experiments described below were designed to investigate this possibility and to provide information enabling a re-evaluation to be made of the importance of the evaporation process in atmospheric electricity.


From about 1885 to 1915, the most common means of lighting streets was the use of arc lamps. These lamps and the systems by which they were supplied power were very technologically sophisticated. These were the first electrical distribution systems. The manufacturing companies that made the equipment for arc lighting went on to be the companies that launched the so-called electrical age.


Objective To compare the treatment result and the toxicity between the late course accelerated hyperfractionated intensity modulated radiation therapy (LCAF) and LCAF plus nimotuzumab for esophageal carcinoma.Methods 64 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma without distance relapse and cannot tolerate the concurrent chemoradiotherapy were randomized into two groups.32 patients in group of LCAF received the first stage of radiation with a dose of 41.4 Gy/23 f/5 weeks,and then received the second stage of radiation with a dose of 27 Gy/18 f/2 weeks.32 patients in group of combination were treated by the same way plus nimotuzumab.The toxicity,the late reaction,the response rate,local control rate,distant-metastasis-free survivalrate and total survivalrate were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of toxicity including radiation esophagitis,radiation pneumonitis,myelosuppression,gastrointestinal reaction,tetter and allergy showed no significant difference between group LCAF and group combination (P > 0.05).The incidence of late complications as esophagostenosis and lung fibrosis have no significance between group LCAF and group combination (P > 0.05).One patient in group of combination appeared anaphylactic shock and gave up the treatment.The response rate in group of combination was significant improved compared with group of LCAF (75.0 % vs 93.7 %,P < 0.05).The over survival rate and the distant-metastasis-fiee survival rate in group of combination were higher than those in group of LCAF,but showed no statistical significance (P > 0.05).Conclusions Most patients of esophageal carcinoma have good tolerance of LCAF plus nimotuzumab.Anaphylactic reaction maybe appear while accepting nimotuzumab which need be mentioned.The over survival rate and the distant-metastasis-free survival rate of LCAF plus nimotuzumab are advantage,but has no statistical significance,LCAF combined with nimotuzmab has a higher clinical benefit.

Key words:
Esophageal carcinoma;  Radiotherapy;  Nimotuzumab;  Side effects;  Prognosis


Many times, due to space limitations it is necessary to decelerate and turn fluid simultaneously. For such requirement curved diffusers are being used. Five S shaped diffusers of turning angle 120 o were fabricated. The area ratio was 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5. The pressure on the outer wall is more than that on the inner wall in the first curvature and less in the second curvature. Variation in actual pressure recovery coefficient (Cp) and pressure recovery efficiency ( η) is not very much within the range of Reynolds number tested for a particular diffuser. As area ratio increases value of Cp and η also increases . The optimum area ratio for 120 o diffuser is 4.5.


Separation patterns are classified into three types (regular, singular and combination types) by the property of the differential equation, the solution of which gives limiting streamlines.A criterion for the three-dimensional separation line is deduced from the negation of the Lipschitz's condition. The criterion is applied to the existing limiting streamlines over a ellipsoid of revolution at incidence, and also to the calculated ones on a ship hull.The results show that the present criterion is available for the prediction of the three-dimensional separation line.


As there has been an increasing demand on language education in kindergartens, a large number of kindergartens have begun to give English language education so as to meet the demand. However, most of the English teachers working in kindergartens have difficulty in finding right instructional materials appropriate for kindergarten students since there is not an official curriculum for such schools developed by the Ministry of Education. The aim of this qualitative study is two-fold: (1) to reveal the advantages of using language portfolio in kindergartens and, (2) to put forward suggestions for how to enrich use of language portfolio and instructional materials in these schools as well as effective language learning.


Chapter 3 presents biographical and musical evidence used to reconstruct the genesis of the Seventh Symphony. We have access to primary sources, Mahler's compositional materials and his correspondence—and to secondary sources, biographical accounts from others. In attempting to reconstruct the compositional history of the Seventh, these sources are considered side by side and their similarities and contradictions are explored. This chapter presents these different kinds of evidence, beginning with autobiographical and biographical accounts, then turning to the musical evidence (compositional and printed materials). The extant sketches and drafts for the Seventh are succinctly described here and further discussed in the following chapters, in conjunction with the music in its finished form.


This paper aims to solve the problem of optimal design on a comfortable human-machine arrangement of car drivers with different physical signs under dynamic manipulation. Based on the biomechanical characteristic of human skeletal muscle and Hill muscle mechanics model, this paper constructs the human seat musculoskeletal model of 5th, 50th, and 95th percentile physical signs of Chinese car drivers under dynamic manipulation. The six-degree-of-freedom flexible test bench was set up and the center composite method was used to optimize the number of experiments. The consistency and relevance analysis of the actual measurement and dynamic manipulation simulation was carried out to comprehensively analyze the human-machine arrangement parameters such as vehicle seat, pedal, and steering wheel, so as to realize the optimization design of the hard point size of comfortable driving posture and verify the rationality and applicability of the test results through the vehicle road test.


The OPC technology and the on-line monitoring system of the main fan in mine are introduced.The configuration software of the WinCC which is developed by the Siemens is used for the OPC server.The VB6.0 is used for the OPC client.The OPC client visits the OPC server by the network for the real-time remote monitoring to the fan.The mine management level of automation has increased.The application of this method has achieved good results in practices.


1. Introduction Ole Peter Grell 2. The travail of tolerance: containing chaos in Early Modern Europe Heiko A. Oberman 3. Preconditions of tolerance and intolerance in sixteenth century Germany Bob Scribner 4. Heresy executions in Reformation Europe, 1520-1565 William Monter 5. Un Roi, Une Loi, Deux Fois: parameters for the history of Catholic-Reformed co-existence in France, 1555-1685 Philip Benedict 6. Confession, conscience, and honour: the limits of magisterial tolerance in sixteenth-century Strassburg Lorna Jane Abray 7. One Reformation or many? Protestant identities in the Later Reformation in Germany Euan Cameron 8. Toleration in the Early Swiss Reformation: the art and politics of Niklaus Manuel of Berne Bruce Gordon 9. Tolerance and intolerance in sixteenth-century Basle Hans R. Guggisberg 10. Exile and tolerance Ole Peter Grell 11. The politics of toleration in the Free Netherlands, 1572-1620 Andrew Pettegree 12. Archbishop Cranmer: concord and tolerance in a changing church Diarmaid MacCullogh 13. Toleration for catholics in the Puritan Revolution Norah Carlin 14. The question of tolerance in Bohemia and Moravia in the age of the Reformation Jaroslav Panek 15. Tolerance and intolerance in sixteenth-century Hungary Katalin Peter 16. Protestant confessionalization in the towns of Royal Prussia and the practice of religious toleration in Poland-Lithuania Michael G. Muller.


Employing gender role ideology theory, this research investigates Australian consumer attitudes towards current advertisements portraying males as caregivers. Results of an experiment demonstrate that consumers perceive in-ad gender role portrayals of males as caregivers as atypical of the current advertising environment. Consumers who, in particular, hold a non-traditional (egalitarian) gender role ideology report a more positive attitude towards advertising that challenges traditional gender role ideologies (i.e., advertising that depicts males as caregivers). We suggest that non-traditional advertising that challenges traditional gender roles provides advertisers with an opportunity to stand out; however, advertisers must ensure that their key product-related message components are not overshadowed.


This paper aims to examine briefing practices and whether these are related to the quality of brief documents and client satisfaction in constructed health-care facilities in South Africa. The rational for the examination stems from the view held by scholars that the briefing process is critical to the success of projects, as well as client/user satisfaction in the constructed facility, and also because of undocumented reports of client/end-user dissatisfaction in constructed health-care facilities in South Africa.,The research process consisted of a literature review to identify existing briefing framework and practices in use applicable to facilities. This was supported by an exploratory case study of a recently completed public hospital in East London, South Africa. Data collection for the study was undertaken by means of conducting semi-structured interviews with two groups consisting of client representatives and the technical design team on the project.,The research established that in the context of this case study, inadequate client consultation took place, not all design consultants were adequately involved in the development of the project brief, limited use was made of a specific briefing framework in developing the project brief and that despite these shortcomings in the briefing process followed, a comprehensive good quality briefing document was produced and the client was satisfied with the health-care facility constructed.,The results of this study are generalizable with health-care facilities only. As such, research inferences and projections can only be made within this set and may not necessarily be applicable to the wider construction sector or to all projects within this sector.,The implications of this research are applicable to constructed health-care facilities. Practical inferences include the need to acknowledge that there is a need for a briefing framework, which should outline the involvement of all design consultants and client representatives when developing the project briefs for health-care facilities. The briefing framework is proposed for use in addressing the shortcomings in the briefing processes and practices and will also help the client in the choice of a brief process and practice which will comprehensively capture their requirements, give clear directives/information to the design consultants and will result in higher levels of end-user/patient satisfaction in the constructed health-care facility.,Clients and allied professionals in charge of health-care facilities' construction are encouraged to consider the implementation of a standard framework for use in the briefing process. This reflection should encourage engagement through formative legislative provision and transparent awareness campaigns.,This work is original insofar, as it directly addresses the alignment of briefing practices to quality of brief documents and client satisfaction in constructed health-care facilities within the context of the South African construction industry. However, similar exercises have been undertaken on briefing practices in the wider construction sector.


Building plateau modern ecological agriculture demonstration garden should explore the comprehensive agriculture by using industrialize concept,develop modern agriculture by using garden model.This is the essential transform of Qinghai agriculture development,which has profound effect on the rural economy development.


Dehydrogenative dimerization of benzylmethylsilanes under iridium catalysis via site-selective sequential silylations of a C(sp3)–H bond of the methyl group and ortho C(sp2)–H bond of the benzyl group is described. Silicon-containing heterocycles were obtained in a single step from readily available functionalized benzylmethylsilanes.


The variations of ionospheric parameters including f_(min),f_0F_2 and TEC during the total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 are investigated.The results show that the f_(min) drops quickly after the eclipse commencement and then gradually restores to the normal value.The f_0F_2 and TEC decrease greatly during the eclipse maximum.These phenomena are probably caused by the fact that the solar electromagnetic radiation decrease sharply during the solar eclipse.The f_0F_2 and TEC show some positive disturbance which is more notable near to the equatorial abnormal crest region on about 5~6 hours and some negative disturbance on about 9~10 hours after this eclipse.Combining the analysis of the solar and geomagnetic activity,we think that it seems difficult to further investigate the eclipse ionospheric effect since the space weather events including magnetic storm and electric field penetration arc accompanying this event.


The crystal structures of the title compounds, C 20 H 30 O 3 (I) and C 16 H 22 O 3 (II), are described. The benzocyclobutene rings in (I) and (II) are approximately planar. The lengths of the Csp 3 -Csp 3 bonds in the cyclobutene rings of (I) and (II) are 1.659 (2) and 1.596 (2) A, respectively. The C-C bond elongation observed in (I) may be ascribed to steric congestion and/or electronic effects on the bond exerted by the methyl groups and the alkyl side chain attached to the cyclobutenol moiety, together with a ring strain expected for a four-membered ring system.


This survey study measures how opinions on trusting government and misconceptions about the COVID-19 vaccine are associated with vaccine hesitancy in the Netherlands.


This volume documents how estimates of consumption in the chemical industry were derived. The chemical industry consumed the most energy within the manufacturing sector, using 5.2 quads in 1974. Outside of feedstock consumption, the majority of energy is used for process steam. Significant amounts are also consumed for direct heat, machine drive, electricity generation, and electrolytic processes. Data are summarized on quality codes and computer programs. (MCW)


In a previous article in this Journal an undergraduate experiment on photochemical kinetics was presented. This author is offering modifications to the original experiment.


The latest research, policies and practices related to street and highway geometric design have reflected several changes to the law. The most significant adjustments involve reduction of the minimum power-to-weight ratio for trucks, gradual increase of the weight limit for trucks, increase of the permissible vehicle width and increase of the speed limit for trailer trucks. These changes were preceded by the reduction of the general speed limit on freeways (from 130 to 120 km/h) and on rural highways (from 100 to 80 km/h). In urban areas too, significant changes affecting street geometric design needed to be taken into consideration. This was the background against which various design standards had to be revised or newly drawn up. The research and the policies had to take account of the effects of the changes mentioned above on geometric design practice. Findings from the research and the resulting conclusions for policies, standards and geometric design practice are presented and discussed in the country report. It contains contributions on the driving behavior on rural highways, stopping sight distances on freeways, design recommendations for compact roundabouts, special forms of road marking in traffic-calming zones, and the viability (or rideability) of traffic infrastructures.


This paper describes the design and implementation of a 8times5 Gb/s source-synchronous receiver in a 0.13 mum CMOS technology. The receiver employs a cascaded-DLL architecture that avoids filtering of the jitter on the received clock to enhance jitter tolerance bandwidth. A technique is proposed to correct phase spacing mismatch in DLLs that reduces the error standard deviations by more than 40% and improves receiver timing margins.


At present time,the author of this paper points out,the basic strategies for building social work specialization in China are as follows:(1) Stick to the guidance of scientific development concepts to build up professional mechanism for social problem-solving;(2) Do well of investigation work to take advantage of local predominance;(3) Develop professional education and training to construct talents system of social work;(4) Set up professional agency and quarters to supply organizational media for expanding social work services;(5) Establish authenticating institution of professional qualities to ensure realizing continuous innovation during the course of building social work specialization.


It is still an open question whether the dynamic or the static format should be used in multi-unit settings, in a uniform price auction. The present study conducts an economic experiment in a common value environment, where it is found that it is more a question of whether the auctioneer wants to facilitate price discovery, and thereby lessen the otherwise pervasive overbidding, or if only the revenue is important. The experiment in the present paper provides evidence that the static format gives significantly greater revenue than the dynamic auction, in both small and large group sizes. But a higher revenue comes at a cost; half of the auctions in the static format yield negative profits to the bidders, the winner's curse is more severely widespread in the static auction, and only a minority of the bidders use the equilibrium bidding strategy.


The MSI PFM campaign is built around 4 major steps : the focal planes alignment and testing, the telescope alignment and testing, the instrument performance testing and the instrument environmental qualification.. This paper presents the results of the first 3 steps covering major performance aspects of the Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Instrument.


The reticulate venation that is characteristic of a dicot leaf has excited interest from systematists for more than a century, and from physiological and developmental botanists for decades. The tools of digital image acquisition and computer image analysis, however, are only now approaching the sophistication needed to quantify aspects of the venation network found in real leaves quickly, easily, accurately, and reliably enough to produce biologically meaningful data. In this paper, we examine 120 leaves distributed across vascular plants (representing 118 genera and 80 families) using two approaches: a semiquantitative scoring system called "leaf ranking," devised by the late Leo Hickey, and an automated image-analysis protocol. In the process of comparing these approaches, we review some methodological issues that arise in trying to quantify a vein network, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of automatic data collection and human pattern recognition. We conclude that subjective leaf rank provides a relatively consistent, semiquantitative measure of areole size among other variables; that modal areole size is generally consistent across large sections of a leaf lamina; and that both approaches—semiquantitative, subjective scoring; and fully quantitative, automated measurement—have appropriate places in the study of leaf venation.


The current population of disabled persons is not small, and all disabled persons have all sorts of obstacles in their lives, and there are many useful things to eliminate them. For example, there are convenient things such as automatic wheelchairs made for people who can't move their legs, traffic lights with voice for people with disabilities, and automatic eating robots for people with disabilities. There are many useful things such as self-opening doors and electric bicycles for the elderly and the general public as well as physically disabled people. Under such circumstances, what other things are useful for disabled people and the elderly? In this research, servomotor, Arduino was used to make things useful for disabled people and the elderly


Blockchain is seen as a major financial innovation for the years to come; it interests financial industry as well as some local currencies. Thus, it seems appropriate to analyze how Blockchain could be a key resource in the value creation process of a local currency. Our article aims first to analyze the potential contributions of Blockchain for local currencies. Then, we compare these contributions to the key resources and activities identified in the study of the value creation process of Eusko, the first European currency in circulation since the end of 2018. Launched in June 2011, managed by the association Euskal Moneta (EM), this initiative aims at creating value that can be considered as public value (Moore, 1995). We use the canvas of Osterwalder et al. (2011) to identify the key resources and activities of EM's business model and explore how blockchain technology might or might not support them. We show that several factors can slow or even preclude the adoption of such a technology in an innovative context that solicits, in various forms, the adaptive capacities of project stakeholders. Through this case study, we wish to contribute to develop knowledge about economic models of local currencies.


The more affluent homemakers of America in the 1920s were middle- to upper-class women who attended concerts and lectures, owned and listened to the radio, and had time to read the popular magazines of the day. Three of these magazines are still published today: Better Homes and Gardens, The Ladies' Home Journal, and Child Life. From their inception, Better Homes and Gardens and The Ladies' Home Journal contained tips for home decor, child raising, gardening, food preparation, and crafts. Child Life contained stories, plays and poetry, crafts, and puzzles intended for children approximately eight to eleven years of age. Women who were concerned that their children were reading quality magazines subscribed to Child Life for their families, and often read the stories aloud to their younger children. In the 1920s these magazines regularly carried articles about music and music appreciation. Anne Shaw Faulkner Oberndorfer (hereafter referred to as "Faulkner") wrote most of them. Anne Shaw Faulkner Oberndorfer Born in Chicago in 1877, Anne Shaw Faulkner spent her entire life living and working in her home city. Her father was a partner in Wells and Faulkner, a "well-known wholesale grocery house" in Chicago. (1) The family lived in Hyde Park, where her father was a village trustee and an elder in the Presbyterian Church. (2) Although the family was not "old money," they were fairly well off and much of the information about Anne Faulkner's activities can be found in the society pages of the Chicago newspapers. Faulkner attended the Chicago Conservatory of Music and the Caruthers Normal School of Music. (3) She was on staff and taught music history at the Columbia Conservatory, and gave lectures for the University of Chicago. (4) However, most of her teaching was in the form of public lectures, frequently on topics drawn from music history. From 1897 to at least 1935, she gave pre-concert lectures the day before Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) concerts. (5) These were first hosted in private homes, later held in the Fine Arts Building, and finally given in the Marshall Fields department store's Wedgewood Room downtown, under the aegis of the Women's Committee of the CSO. (6) In 1913 Faulkner married Marx E. Oberndorfer, a concert pianist who was her long time friend and musical collaborator. He had frequently accompanied her lectures with examples at the piano, and the two continued to work in this manner following their marriage. (7) Together they offered piano lessons and music appreciation classes "especially for the adult beginner," and even hosted a cruise to Europe for a grand opera tour with accompanying lectures. (8) Although Faulkner was a member of the Music Supervisors National Conference (MSNC; now MENC: The National Association for Music Education), she apparently never taught in the public schools. She did, however, give several papers on music appreciation at MSNC national conventions. (9) She also presented her music appreciation lecture-recitals on the radio (WMAQ Chicago), often on such topics as musical geography and the opera. (10) Ann Shaw Faulkner Oberndorfer was a prolific writer. (11) She authored a music appreciation text, What We Hear In Music, which was published in thirteen editions over thirty years. (12) As the national chair of the Music Division for the General Federation of Women's Clubs (GFWC) from 1920 to 1926, she wrote for the GFWC newsletter, gave conference presentations, and wrote yearly reports. (13) She also wrote the program notes for the first Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) Children's Concerts, and over fifty articles published in such magazines as The Ladies Home Journal, Better Homes and Gardens, and Child Life. Faulkner in Historical Context Chicago was an exciting, artistic place during the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. One could attend performances of chamber music or theater, the CSO, or the opera. …


A study of how reducing thickness by rolling at liquid nitrogen temperatures affects the deformation parameters of BT1-0 titanium microstructure, conducted using x-ray diffraction (XRD). The nanograin structure that formed due to cryodeformation was studied by analyzing the relative integrated intensity of the diffraction peaks, and by determining the size of the crystallites (coherent scattering regions) L, and microstrain values ⟨ e 2 ⟩ 1 / 2. The obtained data were compared with the results of optical and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of slip and twinning activity on the parameters of the low-temperature deformation microstructure is analyzed. In ultrafine-grain and nanocrystalline titanium there is a close correlation between the size of the crystallites obtained using XRD, and the sizes of the grains observed during electron microscopic studies. It is established that there is a limiting average grain size that is attained by crystallites during the formation of a nanocrystalline state...


5-nitrouracil is a polarizable molecule with a permanent electric dipole moment. Its molecular properties caught the attention of physicists working on nonlinear optics or optoelectronics, but the translation of the molecular assets to the crystalline solid has not been straightforward. This review compares all the known crystal structures incorporating the neutral or ionic 5-nitrouracil, or the two species concomitantly, discussing the effect of the packing in the optimization of the crystalline optical properties. Two new centrosymmetric 5-nitrouracilate salts are also reported for the first time, showing extensive hydrogen bonding between anions and cations. This review also gathers data from nonlinear optical measurements of non-centrosymmetric crystals and thermal stabilities of known polymorphs, showing that a neutral 5-nitrouracil molecule in acentric crystalline environment allows efficient blue-light generation.


This paper concerns the 1982 state-of-the-art in travel demand modelling in Sweden. Disaggregate as well as aggregate models are presented. All models are based on cross sectional data sources. (TRRL)


The chromic acid oxidation of formaldehyde in micellar solution of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)/TX-100 at room temperature has been investigated under pseudo first-order condition. Heterocyclic bases such as picolinic acid (PA), 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) have been employed which acts as a promoter. The rate of this oxidation reaction increased 50 times by combination of bipy and SDS micelle compared to rate in pure aqueous media. Here, we can avoid hazardous organic solvents, high pressure and temperature which are required for conventional preparation of formic acid. The catalytic effect of SDS/TX-100 micelle has been explained.


Introduction: Since the development of antiretroviral therapy (ART) with TDF plus 3TC plus EFV, this specific regimen has not been studied enough with long-term lipid and uric monitoring.Methods: A prospective follow-up cohort study was performed. Sixty-one treatment-naive male patients with HIV were divided into three groups based on their baseline CD4+ T cell count (26, 12, and 23 patients in the <200, 200 to 350, and >350 groups, respectively). The lipid and purine metabolism parameters of the patients over 144 weeks were analyzed.Result: TG, TC, LDL-c and HDL-c levels all gradually increased over 144 weeks, but the increases in TC levels and HDL-c levels were significant (P=0.001, 0.000, respectively). Moreover, the percentages of hypercholesterolemia, hyper LDL cholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia all showed gradual and nonsignificant increases; the percentage of low HDL cholesterolemia showed a gradual and significant decrease (P=0.0007). Furthermore, the lower the baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte counts were, the higher the TG levels were and the lower the TC, LDL-c and HDL-c levels were. However, only baseline LDL-c levels differed significantly between the three groups (P=0.0457). Although the UA level and the percentages of hyperuricemia gradually increased over 144 weeks, there was no significant difference between the different follow-up time point groups or between the three CD4+ T cell count groups (all P>0.05). Further analyses revealed that the main factors contributing to lipid metabolism were age, anthropometric parameters and follow-up weeks, and virus load was the main factor contributing to uric acid levels.Conclusions: These findings provide a reference for clinicians to monitor lipid metabolism parameters closely during long-term ART with the TDF plus 3TC plus EFV regimen.