In order to ensure the linear array CCD normally and stably working in the spectral measurement, the data acquisition and storage circuit is presented. On the basis of analyzing the ILX511 driving timing, the circuit of data acquisition, processing, and storage based on CCD was designed. The CPLD was used to establish the correct sequence for the CCD clock pulse, AD converter clock, and FIFO writing signal, so the data acquisition, converter, and storage synchronously are achieved. The experiments show that the designed circuit is feasible.


In a previous paper, the authors of this paper studied 2× 2 matrices in upper triangular form, whose entries are operators on Hilbert spaces, and in which the the (1, 1) entry has a nontrivial hyperinvariant subspace. We were able to show, in certain cases, that the 2× 2 matrix itself has a nontrivial hyperinvariant subspace. This generalized two earlier nice theorems of H. J. Kim from 2011 and 2012, and made some progress toward a solution of a problem that has been open for 45 years. In this paper we continue our investigation of such 2 × 2 operator matrices, and we improve our earlier results, perhaps bringing us closer to the resolution of the long-standing open problem, as mentioned above.


In the major stock markets of the world, it is the forces of demand and supply that set prices. There are hundreds of analysts and thousands of traders, receiving new information on a company through electronic and paper media. The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) implies that if new information is revealed about a firm it will be incorporated into the share price rapidly and rationally, with respect to the direction of the share price movement and the size of that movement. Market efficiency is directly or implicitly tested in the study, which is performed to identify stock price reaction to certain events such as budget announcement and credit policy announcement. It can be studied under weak form, semi strong form and strong form of Efficient Market Hypothesis. This paper is an attempt to study the weak and semi strong form of hypothesis that the prices or movements in the share prices are affected by past and publicly available information. The present study examined the behavior of daily stock returns for 10 prominent stocks listed on National Stock Exchange (NSE) from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005. Five major events were taken into consideration to evaluate the effect of publicly available information on the stock prices. The study revealed that the market instantaneously absorbs all relevant information as it becomes publicly available which indicates that the weak and semi strong forms are inefficient during the study period. The study depicted that the NSE is weak form efficient during the selected period. Finally, it concluded that stock market efficiency does not mean that investors have perfect powers of prediction; all it means is that the current level is an unbiased estimate of its true economic value based on the information revealed.


Abstract While the opportunity to transform the Supreme Court's approach may not be as immediate as hoped just a short while ago, the current political context makes the project of constructing a pro-democracy jurisprudence more important than ever. The election exposed the urgent need to address a system that is alienating large segments of people, and to do so in a race-conscious way. The window of opportunity for substantial change may reopen soon enough, and the pieces that follow are helping to build the path forward.


American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) define an exacerbation as an acute change in a patient's baseline dyspnea, cough, or sputum that is beyond normal variability, and that is sufficient to warrant a change in therapy(Celli MacNee 2004). Exacerbations have a negative impact on mortality and morbidity and as the disease progress, the frequency and severity of exacerbations increase, leading to a fall in the quality of life of COPD patients. There is no standard method or tool for the diagnosis of an exacerbation. The changes in the clinical status of the patient should be taken into account.


Achieving quality of service (QoS) in mobile adhoc networks (MANETs) has been a research topic in the last years. A few papers, however deal with resource reservation, and a very small fraction of them study the impact of mobility. In this paper we describe a QoS reservation mechanism for multirate MANETs that allows bandwidth allocation on a per flow basis. By multirate we refer to those networks where wireless nodes are able to dynamically switch among several link rates. We show that, using periodic refreshment of ongoing QoS reservations, our scheme is adaptive to network topology changes due to node mobility.


The invention discloses a preheating structure for a hydraulic system. The structure comprises a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve which are connected with a hydraulic main loop respectively, wherein the outlet of the first one-way valve is connected with a hydraulic oil tank through a hydraulic oil radiator; the outlet of the second one-way valve is connected with the hydraulic oil tank; the structure is characterized in that: a thermostat is arranged among the hydraulic main loop, the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve; the inlet of the thermostat is connected with the hydraulic main loop; the outlet T of the thermostat is connected with the inlet of the first one-way valve; and the outlet P of the thermostat is connected with the inlet of the second one-way valve. The thermostat is arranged among the hydraulic main loop, the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, and the flow direction of hydraulic oil is controlled by opening and closing the thermostat, so that the rapid preheating of the hydraulic system is realized, preheating time and energy consumption are reduced, and the preheating structure is also very convenient to maintain.


Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), the spotted wing Drosophila (SWD) is a concern for small fruit and stone fruit growers. This invasive pest lays eggs in healthy fruits with a serrated ovipositor, resulting in considerable economic losses, mainly in berry crops. In Europe, it was first recorded in Switzerland in 2011, causing considerable damage in all small fruit crops, especially in later-developing crops (autumn raspberries, blackberries, blueberries and elderberries). The pest was found in all regions of the country, from low altitudes to the timberline. The range of host plants is very broad, not only affecting crops, but also wild fruits. Switzerland has implemented a strategy at the national level by combining an effective monitoring system with hygiene measures and mass trapping. Insecticide applications, usually based on spinosyns, are only considered as a last resort. In addition to this already operative strategy, innovative alternatives are considered, in particular the use of repellents or masking substances.


Somehow, British writers and publishers can turn out quickly and effectively engaging and up-to-date books. Topics in Gastroenterology , based on a very recent course in postgraduate gastroenterology at Oxford and with references into 1974, is a small paperbound book about as current as it can be. Fine reading for the general internist and gastroenterologist, its topics range as widely as recent developments in gastrointestinal endoscopy, the synthesis and chemical nature of mucus, and the medical management of ulcerative colitis. Hans Krebs offers a chapter on the metabolism of ethanol which I found particularly helpful. With useful information from every contributor, Topics in Gastroenterology has a maturity that comes with reflection on experience and is no mere literature review. But don't rush out to buy a copy without recognizing that you will pay, in the United States at least, $39.50 for a 373-page softbound book. Its British price is £10, which


In this reply to Paul Trampe's comment, "The EITC Disincentive: The Effects on Hours Worked from the Phase-Out of the Earned Income Tax Credit,†Econ Journal Watch 4(3): 308-320, I discuss several omissions, errors in interpretation, and problems with his empirical analysis.


Young leaves of plantlets were used as explants to investigate the factors influencing plants regeneration transformation efficiency of Actinidia chinensis Planch.cv Huayou. The results showed that in medium plus 0.75~1.0 mg/L thidiazuron(TDZ), callus formation rate reached 85.7%-90.1% and differentiation of buds rate reached 41.8% to 44.6%. Relatively high callus formation rate( 96.7%-100 %) differentiation of buds rate( 67.4%-71.9 %) were achived. when leaf explants were grown in medium containing 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.1-0.4 mg/L IAA. GUS Transient expression rate of explants anti-Kan adventitious buds was significantly enhanced while 75-100 μmol/L AS was supplied in the Agrobacterium infecting cultures co-cultivation medium. It was useful to increase GUS Transient expression rate of explants anti-Kan adventitious buds that explants were precultured for 2-3 days before infected by Agobacterium. All regenerated plantlets were deemed putative transgenic by histochemical GUS assay and PCR detection.


The effect of diets rich with DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) on egg production, the influence on egg structural components and DhA deposition in egg yolk were investigated on hisex Brown laying hens. The experimental groups were fed with diets rich with 792 mg DhA kg-1 and 1180 mg DhA kg-1. The control group received commercial diets with no content of DhA. Throughout the experiment there were no statistically significant differences in live weight of laying hens (g) and feed conversion ratio (FCR:g) between control and experimental groups (P>0.05). The structural components of eggs (egg weight, white weight, yolk weight and shell weight) were also not statistically significant (P>0.05), but only the egg yolk:white ratio was statistically different (P<0.01). The concentration of DhA in 100 g yolk was 818 mg and 974 mg in group 2 and 3, respectively. The transfer of DHA was significantly higher in the experimental groups fed with supplemented diet with higher amount of DhA (P<0.01).


In the conventional system of lubrication, lubricating oil is renewed with fresh oil after it is used for some period. Accordingly, waste oil is generated in the conventional system. The authors have developed a new system that makes it possible to use lubricating oil semi-permanently without oil renewal. In the new system, therefore, no waste oil is generated and it is enough to supply only a small amount of fresh oil sometimes to compensate for the lost oil. This system has been working well in about one thousand units of marine and cogeneration diesel engines in practice. The new system always keeps lubricating oil clean as the kidney of animals always keeps their blood clean. This is why lubricating oil can be used semi-permanently and the new system is called kidney system. This technology has been developed based on the assumption that lubricating oil is hardly oxidized contrary to the general knowledge all over the world. This report verifies the above mentioned assumption based on our analysis of used oil in engines in practical use and some data in various fields.


A process for the recovery of potable water from urine using electrolytic pretreatment followed by distillation in a closed-cycle air evaporator has been developed and tested. Both the electrolytic pretreatment unit and the air evaporation unit are six-person, flight-concept prototype, automated units. Significantly extended wick lifetimes have been achieved in the air evaporation unit using electrolytically pretreated, as opposed to chemically pretreated, urine feed. Parametric test data are presented on product water quality, wick life, process power, maintenance requirements, and expendable requirements.


Background: At present, much attention is paid to genetic factors explaining the clinical course of chronic hepatitis C. Aim: To evaluate an association of the gene polymorphisms involved in the formation of endothelial dysfunction (NOS3 894G/T, CYBA 242C/T, MTHFR 677C/T) and encoding components of the renin-angiotensin system (ATR1 1166A/C, AGT (-6)G/T and 235M/T) with development and severity of portal hypertension syndrome in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Materials and methods: 162 patients with chronic hepatitis C and HCV-related cirrhosis (114 women and 48 men) were divided into the following groups: no portal hypertension (n = 98), "compensated" (n = 19) and "decompensated" (n = 45) portal hypertension. The gene polymorphisms were assessed by molecular genetic methods. Results: TT genotype of CYBA was more common in patients with portal hypertension than in those without (odds ratio (OR) for TT = 3.59, p = 0.031). This difference becomes larger when comparing the decompensated portal hypertension group with the no portal hypertension group (OR TT = 5.46, p = 0.009). Other gene polymorphisms were not associated with development or decompensation of portal hypertension. Multivariate analysis of the impact of genetic, clinical and demographic factors showed that portal hypertension was associated primarily with patients age at the time of the study (Wald's х 2 = 14.99) and with their body mass index (Wald's х 2 = 4.35). After exclusion of these population-wide risk factors from the model, the development of portal hypertension correlated with the carriage of 235TT genotype of CYBA (Wald's х 2 = 6.07, OR = 4.29) and (-6)AA genotype AGT (Wald's х 2 = 4.73, OR = 4.13), as well as with the lack of protective 235TT genotype AGT (Wald's х 2 = 4.06, OR = 0.33). The combined effects of the studied gene polymorphisms on decompensation of the portal hypertension in patients with chronic HCV infection were similar. Conclusion: The development and increase in severity of portal hypertension syndrome in patients with chronic hepatitis C is directly correlated with the carriage of AA genotype of AGT (-6)G/A and TT genotype CYBA 242C/T and the absence of TT genotype AGT 235M/T.


In this paper, we study the Dirac particle near the event horizon of the charged Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole and Reissner–Nordström (R-N) black holes to obtain its energy spectrum for discussing the weak gravity conjecture (WGC). The corresponding energy has both real and imaginary parts. We encounter the quasi-normal mode. Because the considered black holes have mass [Formula: see text] and charge [Formula: see text], this property allows us to examine the WGC using the energy spectrum with specific conditions. We attempt to investigate the WGC for these black holes by utilizing the Dirac particle energy spectrum obtained near charged black holes. Also, we impose conditions on the energy spectrum of particles for which the WGC holds for charged black holes, i.e. [Formula: see text]. To approve the WGC near the event horizon of black holes, we determine that the Dirac particle has a specified charge viz [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for R-N and charged BTZ black holes, respectively.


The construction of Langfang's modern national education system should be carried out against the superior backdrop of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei province.The construction of the modern national education system should be adapted to socio-economic and cultural development.Based on regional advantage and education development status of Langfang,the basic construction principle and path of Langfang's modern national education system should be given.


A plurality of groups each including a plurality of terminal apparatuses are formed and a plurality of base station apparatuses each allocate channels to the respective groups, whereby a terminal apparatus included in each group to which the channels have been allocated currently communicates with the remaining terminal apparatuses included in that group, and an acceptance unit (30) accepts information about the number of terminal apparatuses included in each of the groups registered with each base station apparatus. A display unit (38) displays, on the basis of the accepted information, the numbers of terminal apparatuses for each base station apparatus.


I feel that one of the culprits is our reluctance to openly acknowledge how we find balance. Or openly confront how we create a system that admires and rewards extreme imbalance... So with some humor to balance my fear, here's goes my confession: ... I created a "feelgood" email folder. I work fixed hours and in fixed amounts. I try to be the best "whole" person I can. I found real friends. I have fun "now".


Despite its ubiquity, a complete theory to describe the underlying rheology of granular flows remains elusive. Central to this problem is the lack of detailed, in-situ measurements of the granular flow field. To this end, we present two non-invasive imaging techniques currently employed to measure the flow of individual grains within granular flow systems that span simple mono-sized flows of plastic beads to complex industrial mixture flows of rocks and slurry. The first technique employs diagnostic X-rays operated in biplanar mode to triangulate the motion of low-density granules in simplified flow systems to within a 3D spatial accuracy of 0.15 mm at tracking frequencies up to 100 Hz. The second-arguably the workhorse of our research operation-is the nuclear imaging technique of Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) which triangulates the back-to-back gamma rays emanating from radiolabeled particles to within a millimeter in 3D space at a millisecond timing resolution. PEPT can track the motion of any particle with a diameter greater than 30 microns. Both techniques are well suited to studying the flow of granular materials after the data is cast into volume and time averages consistent with the continuum framework. In this talk I will explore the many interesting analysis techniques employed to mapping out the complex flow regimes found in typical granular systems, and the insights they offer towards better understanding their rheological character. Examples explored will include rotating drum flows (wet and dry), shear cells and their industrial counterpart the IsaMillTM, hydrocyclone separator flows, and the motivation for tracking of multiple particles-a technique that we have recently developed. The validation offered to numerical schemes like the Discrete Element Method will also be explored wherein we highlight the complimentary role that measurement and simulation play in unravelling the secrets of granular flows.


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry, in particular, to the confectionary branch and may by widely applied for production of a jelly food product for prophylactic alimentation. The composition for prophylactic jelly production contains a jellying agent, highly purified beet pectin, sugar, citric acid, blackthorn, cornel, wild apple or pear fruits milled into powdery condition at specified ratio. EFFECT: invention allows to produce jelly with high biological and food value, improved taste and flavour and extended storage life. 6 ex


We compare posted price and bilateral bargaining (or 'haggle') market institutions in 12 pairs of laboratory market sessions. Each session runs for 50–75 periods in a customer market environment, where buyers incur a cost to switch sellers. Costs evolve following a random walk process. Coasian and New Institutionalist traditions provide competing conjectures on relative market performance. We find that efficiency is lower, sellers price higher, and prices are stickier under haggle than under posted offer.  2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classification: D4; L13


Non-ohmic behavior in CdS associated with ultrasonic amplification was investigated. The threshold fields for the departures from Ohm's law depend upon the crystal length and decrease with increasing conductivity. The buildup time of acoustoelectric current decreases with increasing conductivity or applied fields. The buildup time for high conductivity samples is independent of crystal length and that for low conductivity depends upon crystal length. The field distribution is approximately uniform in ohmic region, but fields near positive electrode become higher as applied fields increase above threshold. Additional attenuation of transmitted microwave power (9.6 Gc) was observed when the main d,c. pulse along CdS was in saturation region. Electron drift mobility µ in the temperature range 300°K∼120°K is estimated from threshold fields E t h by using the relation µ E t h = v s ( v s : sound velocity). At low temperature anomalous current-voltage characteristics were observed; steady-state current decrease...


WAILI is a wavelet transform library, written in C ++. It includes some basic image processing operations based on the use of wavelets and forms the backbone of more complex image processing operations. In this paper, we give some mathematical foundations (wavelets, the Lifting Scheme, integer transforms) behind WAILI, and discuss the design and features of WAILI.etechnologie'), project number ITA/950244. Abstract WAILI is a wavelet transform library, written in C ++. It includes some basic image processing operations based on the use of wavelets and forms the backbone of more complex image processing operations. In this paper, we give some mathematical foundations (wavelets, the Lifting Scheme, integer transforms) behind WAILI, and discuss the design and features of WAILI.


CEO'S MESSAGE It is an amazing time to work and live near the nation's capital. While acknowledging the challenges that the dramatic economic downturn imposes on so many, the new Obama administration has infused a sense of the possible in both domestic matters, like health reform, and global relationships. AACP and academic pharmacy feel these forces as well. 2009 has been an important year for the Association. It was a year of growth and accomplishment, as well as a year to ask some very serious questions about the future. Where will the profession of pharmacy end up if critical efforts to reform healthcare succeed? With the economy so fragile and more citizens uninsured, there appears to be less demand for pharmacists, at least those in traditional roles. Have we overproduced graduates with the expansion of the enterprise? The important question is, ''How many pharmacists are needed to do what society needs?'' AACP's work with the members of Congress and their staff on health reform responds by saying we need pharmacists to do different things than they are doing today. We need them to increase the safety of medication use well beyond the current standard. We need them to work directly in clinics and physicians' offices to fortify the safety net and expand primary care. We need them embedded in the fragile system of public health here and around the globe. Academic pharmacy produces graduates and supports faculty equipped to contribute in these ways. You'll find this story in the 2009 Annual Report. Stories of exemplars among our students, faculty and preceptors who are forging new opportunities for patient care and making a dramatic difference in local communities and around the world. It is an amazing time to serve academic pharmacy—a time of change, new relationships and unlimited possibilities! I hope you enjoy reading how the programs, products and services of AACP advance academic pharmacy's ability to contribute its potential in these dynamic times. Sincerely, Lucinda L. Maine, PhD, RPh Executive Vice President and CEO


The present invention relates to a photovoltaic device, the torque tube is arranged to fulfill a plurality of columns; A plurality of solar panels that are provided along the respective torque tube; Post for rotatably supporting the respective torque tube; Lever arm which is coupled with the respective torque tube; Disposed on the lower side of the torque tube, the linkage connected to the lever arm of the respective; An actuator that moves reciprocally in the longitudinal direction of the linkage and the linkage, whereby the rotation and the torque tube around the longitudinal axis of the torque tube; And it is provided between the portion of the post of said plurality of posts, and provides a photovoltaic device comprising a bed frame to which the actuator support. PV, Cell, tracking, recline


In this paper we give a new proof of the center manifold teorem for a system of difference equations. Our result is an analogue of the known classical results for systems of differential equations. For the existence of the center manifold we use the method of contracting maping rinciple.


We report on a method to fabricate biofunctionalized polyethylene glycol hydrogel microchannels with adjustable circular cross-sections. The inner channel surfaces are decorated with Au-nanoparticle arrays of tunable density. These Au-nanoparticles are functionalized with biomolecules whereas the hydrogel material provides an inert and biocompatible background. This technology provides control over flow conditions, channel curvature and biomolecule density on the channel surface. It can be applied for biophysical studies of cell-surface interactions mimicking, for example, leukocyte interactions with the endothelial lining in small vessels.


Based on researches by means of the field observation,ordinary thin sections,scanning electron microscope and reservoir property analysis,the authors studied the petrologic and diagenetic characteristics of the Permian clastic rock reservoirs of Xiariha depression in South Qilian basin,and the result shows that clastic rock in this area are mainly composed of quartz sandstone,feldspar quartz sandstone and the feldspar sandstone and have mainly experienced such actions as compaction,cementation,metasomatism and corrosion,with the evolution reaching the middle diagenetic stage A and the middle diagenetic stage B.


The latest GDP figures confirm that the UK economy has essentially been flat-lining for the five years since the financial crisis began. The UK's inability to achieve sustainable growth is rooted in longer-term problems arising from a failure to invest, notably in skills, infrastructure and innovation. Timothy Besley and John Van Reenen, co-chairs of the London School of Economics Growth Commission, which publishes its final report today, propose an integrated set of solutions.


The development of development in each year has increased progressively. One of the aspects of development is meeting the needs of the board for the community. However, this is not comparable between the provision of housing construction or residential areas with population growth that has experienced a sharp increase. This has resulted in a considerable gap in the management of existing housing and settlements. The higher the population growth, the higher the level of community need for a home. Klaten Regency still needs a housing and settlement area that can be said to be feasible for the community to live in. The need for housing for the people of Klaten Regency is still not fulfilled and coupled with the lack of development of decent housing and settlement areas for its residents in the Klaten Regency. With the aim of planning and designing a real estate area aimed at the community, especially in Klaten Regency to increase the need for shelter and also create a comfortable, safe and decent residential area by considering related aspects and applying passive design architecture in the region This real estate is suitable and can have a good impact on users, the community and the surrounding environment. Analysis of the approach and concept of Real Estate Zone planning and design in Klaten Regency includes macro (environment, city, or region) and micro analysis including: site location, achievement, circulation, view, noise, climatology, orientation, mass, space, appearance interior and exterior, structure, utilities, and emphasis on architectural approaches which can then become guidelines in design. The result of the sensitization to the architectural approach used is passive design architecture wherein the sustainability architecture approach uses design as a human helper in obtaining thermal comfort inside the building. This approach is also very suitable for use in the Indonesian climate, which is a humid tropical climate where the building temperature is relatively high.


FirstGov is the U.S. federal portal to government information and services. It was conceived by the Clinton administration in June of 2000 and launched in September 2000. A case study of the development of FirstGov indicated that top-level leadership, a small and committed project team, and the very condensed timeframe of the project were factors that contributed to the success of the portal. Another reason cited for the success of the FirstGov development was the U.S. federal information policy environment, a robust and evolving framework creating the climate for electronic government. An unusual feature of the project development was the donation of the Inktomi search engine for three years, an event that further enabled FirstGov to open its door on time and on budget. The portal continues today with funding and resources designed to ensure its future.


Don Browning's important work critically appropriates the distinctive insights of religious ethics and contemporary psychology to inform and reform both. Here he elaborates the moral context for pastoral care by formulating five levels of practical moral thinking, illustrates them in two case studies involving homosexuality, and integrates the levels into a method of theological practice. It is a helpful but not dominating ethical framework for pastoral care and counseling useful to students, pastors, and congregations alike."Browning, in this book, continues efforts to teach religious ethics to those working as counselors.... It presents a clear argument and method for laying practical and workable foundations of religious ethics in pastoral work."-Clergy Journal"[Browning] points out that much of our pastoral care is undergirded by unexamined or only partially examined moral and ethical thinking.... In our efforts to avoid moralism, we have moved more and more toward a stance of ethical neutrality which has done a disservice to the people who look to us for help. Pastoral care and counseling need to be grounded in a practical moral theology or theological ethics."-Christian Century"Browning provides ample resources for pastors to begin a discipline of critical moral reflection, especially in their role as counselors.... His borrowings from moral philosophers and theological ethics are explicated in the context of case studies and should prove helpful for anyone engaged in the practice of ministry."-Religious Studies ReviewDon S. Browning is Alexander Campbell Professor Emeritus of Ethics and the Social Sciences, Divinity School, University of Chicago. His work at the intersection of theological ethics and social sciences has led to suchpioneering and influential works as Religious Thought and the Modern Psychologies and A Fundamental Practical Theology.


Managing challenging patient interactions can be a daily stressor for breast imaging radiologists, leading to burnout. This article offers communication and behavioral practices for radiologists that help reduce radiologists' stress during these encounters. Patient scenarios viewed as difficult can vary among radiologists. Radiologists' awareness of their own physical, mental, and emotional states, along with skillful communications, can be cultivated to navigate these interactions and enhance resiliency. Understanding underlying causes of patients' emotional reactions, denial, and anger helps foster empathy and compassion during discussions. When exposed to extremely disruptive, angry, or racially abusive patients, having pre-existing institutional policies to address these behaviors helps direct appropriate responses and guide subsequent actions. These extreme behaviors may catch breast imaging radiologists off guard yet have potentially significant consequences. Rehearsing scripted responses before encounters can help breast imaging radiologists maintain composure in the moment, responding in a calm, nonjudgmental manner, and most effectively contributing to service recovery. However, when challenging patient encounters do trigger difficult emotions in breast imaging radiologists, debriefing with colleagues afterwards and naming the emotion can help the radiologists process their feelings to regain focus for performing clinical duties.


and South African mineral combines were obviously among the first of the great multinational corporations. The real pattern of economic imperialism in twentieth-century Africa is thus more complicated and more interesting than the older and simplistic classical models would have had us believe. The information which Katzenellenbogen had presented suggests a number of intriguing leads upon which he and others may build.


exceed 600 W m 2 , and sheet clouds cover most of the Japan Sea, with individual roll clouds extending from near the Russian coast to Honshu. During December through February, 1991–2002, these strong cold-air outbreak conditions occur 39% of the time and contribute 43% of the net heat loss from the Japan Sea. The average number of strong cold-air events per winter (November–March) season is 13 (ranging from 5 to 19); the 1999/2000 winter season covered in our measurements was normal. INDEX TERMS: 4247 Oceanography: General: Marine meteorology; 4504 Oceanography: Physical: Air/sea interactions (0312); 3307 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Boundary layer processes; 3329 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Mesoscale meteorology; KEYWORDS: marine meteorology, air/sea interaction, Japan Sea


Objectives : The purpose of this study to investigate the Critical Thinking disposition in Nursing College students and related to ability of basic nursing science. Methods : Data were collected from 36 students who were students belong to one of province University. The instrument used in this study was California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory(CCTDI) by Facione & Facione. The instrument was composed of 7 sub-items, truth-seeking, analyticity, systematicity, open-mindness, critical thinking, self-confidence, inquisitiveness, and maturity. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlations with SPSS 12.0. Results : The result of this study were as follow; The average of total score in critical thinking disposition was 44.8, which means middle level(below 40: low, above 50: high level). Maturity was the highest while open-mindness was the lowest with an average score 5.01. There was significant difference between critical thinking and basic nursing science grade while there was no difference between age, gender, and religion. There was strongly relation between critical thinking disposition and basic nursing science(F=2.84, p=.01). Conclusion : According to the results of this study, nursing curriculum should be considered critical thinking disposition.


Fe3O4‐encapsulated BaTiO3 powder was synthesized with ultrasound‐enhanced ferrite plating. The microwave absorbing properties of the synthesized Fe3O4/BaTiO3 composite powder were compared with the following powders, Fe3O4, Fe3O4/BaTiO3 mixed, and BaTiO3. The absorption bands for their specimens having the same thickness were observed at 6.9 GHz, 11.1 GHz, 8.3 GHz, and 5.8 GHz, respectively. When ultrasound was applied for more than 3 hours, Fe3O4 particles covered completely the surface of each BaTiO3 grain. The permittivity and the corecive force of a sintered composite prepared from this Fe3O4‐encapsulated BaTiO3 powder was 148.38–362.4 at 10 kHz and 2920–3600 Oe, respectively. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Macromolecular crystals during their growth, incorporate an extensive array of impurities which vary from individual molecules to large particles, and even microcrystals in the micron size range. AFM (atomic force microscopy) along with X-ray topology has shown that the density of defects and faults in most macromolecular crystals is several orders of magnitude higher than in conventional crystals. High defect and impurity density contributes, in turn, to a deterioration of both the mechanical and diffraction properties of crystals, thereby lessening their value for structural biology. In microgravity, access by impurities and aggregates to growing crystal surfaces is restricted due to the elimination of convention and to altered fluid transport properties. We designed, and have now completed construction of an instrument, the OPCGA (Observable Protein Crystal Growth Apparatus) that employs a fused optics, phase shift, Mach-Zehnder interferometer, along with polarized light, time lapse video microscopy to analyze the fluid environment around growing crystals. Using this device, which will ultimately be deployed on the International Space Station, we have, in thin cells on Earth, succeeded in directly visualizing macromolecule concentration gradients around growing protein crystals. This provides the first direct evidence that quasi-stable depletion zones formed around growing crystals in space may explain the improved quality of macromolecular crystals grown in microgravity. Further application of the interferometric technique will allow us to quantitatively describe the shapes, extent, and magnitudes of the concentration gradients and to evaluate their degree of stability. The OPCGA ultimately will be used by the broad crystal growth community to study, and quantitatively describe the development of a vast range of macromolecular crystals. This will have a significant impact on our understanding of crystal growth phenomena and our ability to improve and control the process on earth.


Nanoparticles, small in all three dimensions, exhibit pronounced size and surface effects. There are broad fields of technical applications for nanoparticle-based composite materials taking advantage of these effects. An essential drawback is that such systems require stabilization, causing the free and clean particle surfaces to be transformed into very complex interface regions. After a general introduction, four experiments are presented which shed some light upon different aspects of these complex interfaces. They were performed by using 2 nm Ag nanoparticles and applying optical Mie plasmon spectroscopy. The unique feature of these experiments is that spectroscopy was performed with the free particles in a cluster beam and after depositing and embedding them, and, hence, quantitative comparisons could be performed.


This work is a feasibility study designed to test and develop the (p,p′γ) detection capabilities at iThemba LABS when the K600 magnetic spectrometer at 0° is coupled to an array of high purity germanium and cerium-doped lanthanum bromide detectors. This is done through an investigation into the low-lying E1 strength of 58Ni with a proton beam of E p = 80 MeV. The coincidence matrix of the energies of the excited states and the subsequent γ decays is presented and decays to the first excited state and ground state were identified. The results of this study are compared with previous (α, α′γ) studies.


Power Quality Disturbances (PQD) has result in numerous failures and damage to electrical equipment. This paper utilized MATLAB Application to propose ways in detecting and classifying Voltage Sag, Swell and Transient. The proposal was divided into three parts which are detection, classification, and performance evaluation. The detection stage was done using Discrete Wavelet Transform in Wavelet Analyzer to obtain signal decomposition in different energy levels to be used in Energy Distribution Deviation (EDD) method. The classification stage was done in Classification Learner to check how good Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network able to trains, validates, and predicts as a classification model. The performance evaluation stage was done in Neural Net Fitting using Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) as training algorithm to see how well the model perform in term of Mean Square Error (MSE) and regression. This paper also discusses the effect of input ratio, activation function (Sigmoid, Tangent Hyperbolic, Rectified Linear Unit) and training algorithm (Levenberg-Marquardt, Bayesian Regularization, Scale Conjugate Gradient) towards accuracy in a Neural Network model. This study found that EDD was able to detect the difference in energy distribution of PQD properly. The Multilayer Perceptron model was observed to performed better and had higher accuracy when fed with more sample data, bigger layer size and activated using Tangent Hyperbolic (Tanh) activation function. Increasing layer size also resulted in slower prediction speed and longer training time. The model performance was evaluated with the lowest MSE and highest regression when Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) was implemented compared to Bayesian Regularization (BR) and Scale Conjugate Gradient (SCG).


Rationale: As suggested by the 2012 KDIGO guidelines, persistent elevation of serum creatinine > 3.5 mg/dl (> 309 &mgr;mol/l) (or an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 is one of contradictions for the use of immunosuppressive therapy in membranous nephropathy. Patient concerns: A 45-year-old man with membranous nephropathy negative for serum anti-phospholipase-A2-receptor antibody, showed no response to corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. He progressed to chronic kidney disease stage 4 (CKD4) under tacrolimus and relapsed after withdrawal. Diagnoses: The patient received repeated renal biopsy, comfirming the diagnosis of membranous nephropathy with progressive glomerular and tubulointerstitial scarring. Interventions: He was treated with successfully four times with lose-dose (180 mg/m2 every 2-3 months) rituximab (RTX) depending on his B cell counts, aiming to remain at 0-5 cells/&mgr;l. Outcomes: The patient was followed-up for almost 6 years. He achieved a partial remission at 11 months and a complete remission of the nephritic range of proteinuria at 34 months following infusion of RTX. RTX was well tolerated and the patient's renal function improved. He had no edema and his dosage of corticosteroids could be discontinued. Lessons: This case strongly suggested that rituximab has promising therapeutic significance, even in patients progressing to CKD4.


FROM TRADITIONAL TO REFORM: EXPLORING THE INVOLVEMENT OF SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGISTS IN THE PROVISION OF EDUCATOR PROFESSIONAL LEARNING by Michelle Avila Bolling School Psychologists may be well-suited to provide Professional Learning (PL) to assist schools in meeting legislative demands to increase student standards, to respond to demands for teacher accountability, and to meet the needs of a diversifying student population. School psychologists possess a depth and breadth of valuable knowledge and skills; and, certain aspects of the school psychologist role (e.g., flexibility in service delivery and scheduling) may enable them to invest time into PL and reap the potential benefits of a broader scope of impact and a focus on prevention. Little is known about the current PL practices of school psychologists due to a lack of research in this area. This research study attempts to fill the gap in the literature by exploring the perceptions and practices of school psychologists as they relate to the provision PL as an indirect service approach to capacity building within schools. In addition, the research identifies situational and personal variables that might contribute to the likelihood of engaging in PL as a service. Finally, motivations for providing PL and levels of satisfaction derived from the provision of PL are explored. These factors were investigated through survey research methodology. The survey method for this study consisted of a three stage recursive process in which earlier stages informed necessary modifications to later stages based on participant feedback. First, exploratory interviews informed the construction of an initial survey measure. The measure was piloted with two consecutive groups and amended each time in order to assist with clarification. The final survey measure was sent to a stratified, random, national sample of practicing school psychologists. Descriptive statistics were used to describe PL practices, the personal and situational variables under investigation, motivations for providing PL and satisfaction derived from PL delivery. Inferential statistics were used to investigate relationships between selected personal and situational variables and PL delivery. FROM TRADITIONAL TO REFORM: EXPLORING THE INVOLVEMENT OF SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGISTS IN THE PROVISION OF EDUCATOR PROFESSIONAL LEARNING by Michelle Avila Bolling


The brachiopods from La Capilla formation are described, together with the lithology and relations with the Hoyada Verde formation and the Leoncito Encima outcrops.. I:nmparison of this fauna with peruvian and australian indicates a Middle Carboniferous age loo· La Capilla formation. Some observations on the Pre-carboniferous rocks are also reported.


Provides a technique of RFID antenna conductive ink printed on a substrate and the substrate is incorporated as a layer into the high pressure decorative laminate, such as a decorative surface. Further, there is provided a conductive mesh may be incorporated into the inner surface of such high pressure decorative laminate, to form the RFID technology prevents spurious signal reaches the shielding plate RFID antenna. Also provides a technique for printing both the antenna and the conductive mesh as a mask are integrated in the inner surface of the decorative surface, in order to avoid reading RFID tags unwanted Similarly, still want to read An RFID tag want.


Australomasoreus monteithi, gen. n., sp. n. is described from southeastern Queensland, Australia. It is distinguished from all known cylosomine genera by being flightless and remarkably small-eyed.


While numerous studies have been conducted on the ecology and evolution of phenotypic plasticity, to really understand plasticity we need to expose organisms to different environments over several ontogenetic stages. In this way, we can examine whether organisms change their phenotypic strategy over ontogeny, whether there are developmental windows that constrain the development of plastic traits, and whether behavior is more reversible than morphology if the environment reverts back to its original state. I addressed these questions by examining predator-induced plasticity in gray treefrog tadpoles (Hyla versicolor). Using aquatic mesocosms, I reared tadpoles with a constant absence of predators, a constant presence of predators, and the addition or removal of predators at three different times during their larval period. Tadpoles changed their phenotypic strategy over ontogeny; early in ontogeny they responded to predators by hiding, reducing their activity, and developing relatively deep tail fins. Later in ontogeny the tadpoles no longer employed behavioral defenses but relied on a combination of greater mass, deeper tails, and shorter bodies. The phenotypic changes were inducible throughout most of ontogeny, suggesting that there were few developmental windows. Activity, tail depth, and body depth were highly reversible early in ontogeny but less reversible later in ontogeny; because hiding was only used early in ontogeny, I could not assess its reversibility. This reversibility should affect not only the induced species, but will likely transmit the effects throughout the larger ecological community.


Tea catechins are known to be epimerized by heat treatment. The effect of heat-epimerized tea catechins on serum cholesterol concentration was compared with that of green tea catechins. Our observations strongly suggest that both tea catechins and heat-epimerized tea catechins lower serum cholesterol concentration by inhibiting cholesterol absorption in the intestine. There was no differential effect between the two catechin preparations.


ZRG GA 133 (2016) choice, use, advice, consent, intent and purpose. Such references would have been of interest to contemporary students and scholars in these fields, who will undoubtedly be interested in the publication of Vitoria's book. Paying attention to this aspect of Vitoria's Lecturae would have allowed Sarmiento to venture beyond the traditional and recurrent consideration of Vitoria as the father of International Law, which sometimes cause his fundamental contributions to a more general legal theory to be ignored. It is perhaps precisely these political and legal analyses that should most concern the specialists in these subjects today. Thus, the considerable efforts made to enable us to read Vitoria's academic manuscripts are welcome, especially when it is thanks to an edition that manages to remain faithful to the characteristics of those original students' notes. This also helps to eliminate suspicions about Vitoria and other theologians-jurists' work, which were previously utilised in a biased way, to support, for example, Franco's military uprising and his authoritarian regime. This was due to renowned specialists in Vitoria's work, including Beltrán de Heredia, Alonso Getino Menendez-Reigada, Venancio Carro and Theophilus Urdánoz. At that time, Aquinas' Summa Theologicae was preferred to the Encyclopedias of the Enlightenment in Spain, as José Cor ts Grau , professor of Philosophy of Law, stated in his article "Reasons for the eternal Spain"6). But Francisco de Vitoria cannot be held responsible for this, and it is time to reconsider the scope of his universal legacy by examining these lessons.


Active Jurassic structures, inferred from structural contour and isopleth maps, significantly affected depositional patterns in the Westwater Canyon and Brushy Basin members of the Morrison Formation in the southern San Juan basin, New Mexico. Isopleth maps illustrate the geometry of the major depositional units, the distribution of sandstone depocenters, and large-scale lithofacies variations within the units. A reconstruction of topography at the base of the Westwater Canyon Member shows a series of subparallel paleotopographic highs and lows that trend east-southeast. The Westwater Canyon is thick and sandy along paleotopographic lows but is thin and has a lower sand content over the structurally controlled paleotopographic highs. These relationships suggest active str ctural control of facies distribution by differential subsidence along east-southeast-oriented folds or faults during deposition of the unit. Locally, east-southeast-oriented basement faults that were episodically reactivated through time have been detected by detailed seismic reflection studies. Depositional patterns and lithofacies distribution, in turn, appear to have controlled the location of uranium deposits. Primary uranium ore in the Westwater Canyon Member is restricted to depocenters defined by anomalously thick and sandy facies that trend east-southeast. Redistributed ore deposits are also localized in the vicinity of anomalously thick zones of the Westwater Canyon but in rocks with relatively low sandstone:mudstone ratios. The location of redistributed deposits, however, is m ch more closely controlled by the position of a regional oxidation-reduction (redox) interface whose three-dimensional configuration was apparently influenced both regionally and locally by Laramide and younger structures. Remnant ore deposits are relict primary deposits that occur in locally preserved, chemically reduced rocks. They occur updip of the redox interface and display sedimentologic controls similar to those of primary ore bodies. These remnant deposits appear to have been shielded from oxidation by an unusual stratigraphic or structural setting.


OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of somatostatin analogue octreotide on the growth of gastric cancer in vivo. METHODS: The animal models of xenotransplanted human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 in gymnomouse body were set up. Forty-eight nude mice were randomly divided into four groups: Octreotide, 5-FU, Octreotide plus 5-FU and the control. All groups were received medication respectively, then all were executed. The tumor mass volume, weight, necrosis volume were observed and the inhibition rates for tumor growth were also calculated. The expressions of Ki67, VEGF, Bcl-2 were assessed by Elivision plus the immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The average tumor volumes (cm~3) in the Octreotide group, 5-FU group, Combined group and Control group were 2.17±0.78, 2.19±0.79, 1.36±0.75, 3.23±0.74 respectively, the average tumor weights (g) were 6.88±2.06, 7.22±2.47, 4.47±2.28, 10.30±2.80 respectively, and the average tumor necrosis volumes (cm~3) were 0.55±0.38, 0.52±0.53, 1.14±0.83, 0.32±0.27 respectively. The average tumor inhibition rates in the Octreotide group, 5-FU group and Combined group were 33.20%, 29.92%, 56.60% respectively. The weakly positive express rates of Ki67 in the Octreotide group, 5-FU group, Combined group and Control group were 50.0%,33.3%,25.0%,0.0% respectively; those of VEGF and Bcl-2 were 41.7%,33.3%,8.3%,16.7%;50.0%,41.7%,16.7%,8.3% respectively.The strongly positive rates of Ki67,VEGF,Bcl-2 in the four groups were 41.7%,50.0%,0.0%,100.0%, 33.3%,33.3%,8.3% and 83.3%;16.7%,25.0%,0.0%,91.7% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Octreotide can inhibit SGC-7901 growth in vivo. the combined treatment with octreotide and 5-FU could markedly enhance the antitumor effect of 5-FU.


The phytosciid predator, Amblyseius longispinosusisp (Evans) has heen proved to he a very good predator of Tetranychid mites (Mallik, 1974). Biology of A.longispinisus has been studied on Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Mallik, 1974) and Oligonychus indicus Hirst (Manjunatha, 1988; Anil, 1990). The feeding preference and feeding potential of the predator has been studied by Anil (1990) only on O. indicus. However, information on its biology, feeding potential and fceding preference on the red spider mite, Tetranychus macfarlanei Baker and Pritchard is not available and so experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to study these parameters.


The determination of lot size production and economic order quantity is an important issue in inventory management. This study will develop models of the determination of joint economic lot size (JELS) for products sold with warranty, while the performance of manufacturer's production has decreased. In this study lot size production model and decreasing distribution demand model of Free-Replacement (FRW) were developed. The measure of performance in the developed model is aiming at minimizing the total cost of pre-sale and postsale for each unit with the decision on variables of each cycle of the lot size production (Q). Numerical and sensitivity experiments were applied in this study.


While the gas turbine by itself has been applied in particular cases for power generation and is in a state of promising development in this field, it has already met with considerable success in two cases when used as an exhaust turbine in connection with a centrifugal compressor, namely, in the supercharging of combustion engines and in the Velox process, which is of particular application for furnaces. In the present paper the most important possibilities of combining a combustion engine with a gas turbine are considered. These "combination engines " are compared with the simple gas turbine on whose state of development a brief review will first be given. The critical evaluation of the possibilities of development and fields of application of the various combustion engine systems, wherever it is not clearly expressed in the publications referred to, represents the opinion of the author. The state of development of the internal-combustion engine is in its main features generally known. It is used predominantly at the present time for the propulsion of aircraft and road vehicles and, except for certain restrictions due to war conditions, has been used to an increasing extent in ships and rail cars and in some fields applied as stationary power generators. In the Diesel engine a most economical heat engine with a useful efficiency of about 40 percent exists and in the Otto aircraft engine a heat engine of greatest power per unit weight of about 0.5 kilogram per horsepower.


Category: Ankle; Hindfoot; Sports; Other Introduction/Purpose: Restoration of functional plantarflexion of the ankle joint following chronic Achilles injury is achieved through transfer of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon. Fixation of the FHL tendon transfer with a cortical button tension slide technique is an advancement that has not been measured against traditional methods. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biomechanical differences between a single biotenodesis screw versus biotenodesis screw with cortical button tension slide technique for the fixation of FHL transfer. The authors hypothesize a biomechanical advantage for the tension slide technique compared to the biotenodesis screw alone for fixation of the flexor hallucis longus in chronic Achilles pathology. Methods: 12 pairs (n=24) of fresh-frozen cadaveric tibia-to-toe samples (6 male, 6 female) were utilized to assess the biomechanics of FHL tendon transfer fixation. All specimens underwent bone density analysis. Each pair of cadaveric samples were randomized to receive either the biotenodesis screw or the tension slide technique. FHL tendon transfer was performed via standard technique using a 6.25x15mm biotenodesis screw with the foot in 20 degrees plantarflexion. A 2.6x12mm cortical button was inserted and FHL tendon was introduced with a tension-slide technique. Biomechanical loading was applied between 20N and 60N at a rate of 1Hz for 100 cycles. Post-cyclic load to failure occurred at 1.25mm/sec. Cyclic displacement, structural stiffness, and ultimate load were derived from resultant load-displacement curves. Student t-tests were used to evaluate significant effects between both FHL tendon transfer techniques. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess interactions between bone density and strength of FHL tendon transfer. Results: Average tendon diameter of the 24 FHL samples was 5.44+-0.46 mm. Average bone density for all 24 calcaneus samples was determined to be 1.06+-0.08 g/cm2. Loading data was normalized with respect to bone density and tendon diameter to account for inherent anatomical differences between cadaveric specimens. The addition of a cortical button for FHL transfer to the calcaneus did not significantly affect cyclic displacement (0.78+-0.52mm vs 0.87+-0.80mm) or structural stiffness (162.11+- 43.34N/mm vs. 167.57+-49.19N/mm). Addition of the cortical button to the FHL tendon transfer construct resulted in a 34% significant increase in ultimate load (343.72+-68.93 N) compared to biotenodesis screw alone (255.62+-77.17 N) (p=0.0002). Linear regression analyses did not reveal any significant interactions between bone density and FHL tendon transfer technique. Conclusion: Enhanced strength can be achieved for Achilles pathology repaired with FHL tendon transfer utilizing a biotenodesis screw and cortical button tension slide technique demonstrated by a statistically significant 34% increase in ultimate load, subsequent to cyclic loading. Cortical buttons in the setting of FHL tendon transfer to the calcaneus offers an additional level of support in the case of extreme tendon transfer failure.


To eliminate the blocking effect caused by the shadow-ring or shadow-ball,a new model is presented for measuring diffuse radiation of photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) under clear sky.A total of 11days tests were conducted in an open test field belonging to Washington State University in Prosser,WA,US from June to August in 2012.The measurement interval was set at 15min.One quantum sensor was placed vertically and was used to measure the standard value of diffuse radiation(PAR f).Another quantum sensor was specially placed horizontally and faced toward North.The partial diffuse radiation(PAR f-N) was recorded without any blocking device in most of daytime.The photos of sky were also shot at four directions(east,south,west and north) to attempt to represent the atmospheric condition.The image characteristic value was defined as the minimum value of histogram(H) and B-mode(B) calculated among four photos.Results showed that the correlation between the PARf-N and the PAR f is 0.768.The correlation between the image characteristic values and the diffuse radiation is 0.688.A new multiple linear regression(MLR) model was developed using the SPSS software.The variables included the PARf-N,the image characteristic value and some other meteorological factor like temperature,wind speed and relative humidity.The optimal model was obtained when seven different arguments were input,with the correlation coefficients and the root mean square error of calibration and prediction(r c,r p,RMSEC and RMSEP) of 0.951,0.958,27.987and 25.526,separately.The results indicate that the MLR model with PAR f-N and the image characteristic value offers a more effective way to estimate the diffuse radiation under clear sky.Further studies with different weather condition should be done to improve the applicability,accuracy and robustness of models.


The precise prediction of changes in load flows, currents and voltage magnitudes due to changes in power is important for forecasting and managing grid congestions, voltage deviations and minimizing grid losses for example. This paper describes three different methods and further variants of those for state prediction and compares their approximations, neglects and quality of prediction. Since PTDFs and PFD modify the characteristics of the non-linear load flow equations by approximations and neglects, their qualities of prediction are less than those of the AC-PTDFs. To consider the way changings in grid losses are counteracted by the grid a new variant to consider secondary control reserve in the prediction is established. The AC-PTDFs deliver the highest quality of current and loss prediction, the most comprehensive mathematical approximation of the non-linear load flow equations, and the most potential for further development like optimized management of multiple congestions and Optimal Power Flow.


Based on the phenological and meteorological data observed in the Minqin desert area since 1974,22 plant species in the area were classified into 3 life forms,i.e.,arbor,shrub,and herb in terms of growth type,and again,divided into phenerophyte,chamaephyte,and hemicryptophyte according to positions where the renewal buds seated.By these two methods,the differences in the phnelogical responses of the 3 life form plants were analyzed.As for the 3 life form plants,whatever either of the two methods adopted,they were more sensitive to temperature change in spring than in autumn,and the differences in their phenological responses were greater when classified according to growth type,with larger differences mainly between arbors and shrub.Both the duration of local growth season and the advancing magnitudes of the phenology of arbor and phaenerophyte in spring were greater than those recorded in other literatures.The higher the renewal buds seated,the more sensitive the responses of the plants to climate warming in current month and in the same year,implying that within the scope of the arbor height above ground,the higher the vertical distance from the ground,the more significant the effect of temperature on the phenology of the plants in spring.


Isolation of active metabolite from Indonesian's Marine Sponge Spongionellapulchella has been conducted on July 2018. Active compound isolated based on bioassay-guided separation with several steps of chromatography. The rate of viability shows that IC50 = 0.2 μg / mL against PANC-1 cell. The active compound know as C28H51N2O2 determined by LCMS-ESI with molecular weight [M+H]+447.3951m/z. Based on the FTIR spectrum shows that the active metabolite has functional groups at 3435.56 cm1 as N-H secondary amines, 2853.39 cm1 as C-H methyl, 2769.64 cm1 as C-H methylene and the fingerprint region of amine at 1637.27 cm1 as C-N imine. The active compound which knows as araguspongine, an indole alkaloid shows potential activity against PANC-1 cell.


Objectives To explore the change in serum and urine potassium during Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and discuss the reasonable method of potassium supply. Methods Forty- seven patients undergoing open heart surgery with CPB were chosen randomly . HCT and potassium in serum and urine were measured during the perioperative phase. Result The serum potassium concentration was less than 4. 0mmol/L in perioperation except immediately and 15 minutes after terminating CPB . Conclusion During CPB 0.134 mmol/kg of potassium per 10 minutes administered could not maintain the serum potassium level over 4.0mmol/L .


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship among emotional intelligence (EI), perceived transformational leadership (TFL) and work performance. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from a military-based research and development institution. In all, 202 copies of questionnaires were returned, resulting a 67.3 percent return rate. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test this theoretical model. Findings – The data indicated that EI had a positive relationship with work performance; meanwhile, perceived leader's TFL positively moderated the relationship between subordinate's EI and work performance. Research limitations/implications – First, this study increased the understanding of the relationship of EI and work performance in a non-western culture context and therefore confirming the benefit of EI on a positive work psychology. Also, the findings helped the researchers to understand how situational factors, such as leadership, interact with individual factors, suc...


In seabuckthorn fruit mud as raw materials,using n- hexane and petroleum ether( 30℃-60℃) for degreasing agent,extraction of flavonoids from seabuckthorn fruit mud,through cost accounting,using n- hexane as a degreasing agent is more suitable for industrialized extraction of seabuckthorn flavone than Petroleum ether.


The styrene butadiene latex is one of the main products of synthetic rubber industry,and it includes carboxy styrene-butadiene latex and butadiene-styrene-vinylpyridine latex.The production status of butadiene styrene latex in China are briefly introduced,and subsequently the synthesis technology and application of carboxy styrene-butadiene latex and butadiene-styrene-vinylpyridine latex are introduced.At last the developments are put forward.


In this study, a concept of an integrated system for monitoring changes on the human skin is presented. The system is based on a static or mobile self-service front-end facility. Its purpose is to support an early detection of abnormal changes on the skin surface within a skin cancer prevention scheme, especially in the countries or areas where the public health care is not appropriate or widely available. Periodically performed skin self-examination is useful but subjective, and thus not reliable. To provide a more reliable method of skin examination, a design concept of a front-end facility is introduced. The facility can be a mobile booth that can be easily mounted in a public place with only few installation demands or it can be a permanent facility inside a building. It would be capable of making automatic video recordings or of taking photographs and, based on the given user ID, of comparing samples and detecting changes via a connection to the central monitoring system. Advantages of the system would be its accessibility for general public, unmanned operation, and a centralized database and detection system operated by medical experts.


In the present issue of Circulation , Nienaber et al1 report the results of a randomized comparison of strategies for type B dissection: the INvestigation of STEnt grafts in Aortic Dissection (INSTEAD) trial. This trial represents the first prospective randomized study of elective stent graft placement in survivors of uncomplicated chronic type B aortic dissection. The results have been eagerly anticipated by clinicians, particularly in light of recent analyses of the benefits of endovascular repair for abdominal aortic aneurysms2,3 and thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) for the treatment of degenerative thoracic aneurysms.4–6 The authors are to be commended on providing Level 1 evidence to assist us in the management of chronic aortic dissection. The INSTEAD trial demonstrates that thoracic stent graft (TEVAR) placement failed to improve the rates of 2-year survival and adverse events when compared with optimal medical therapy (OMT). Although considerable attention to detail was paid by the authors in the design of this trial,7 several limitations exist that may preclude using these results to determine the final role of stent grafts in the management of chronic aortic dissection.

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The Pareto principle, or 20:80 rule, describes resource distribution in stable communities whereby 20% of community members acquire 80% of a key resource. In this Burning Question, we ask to what extent the Pareto principle applies to the acquisition of limiting resources in stable microbial communities; how it may contribute to our understanding of microbial interactions, microbial community exploration of evolutionary space, and microbial community dysbiosis; and whether it can serve as a benchmark of microbial community stability and functional optimality?


The origin of a recently discovered close-in Neptune-mass planet around GJ 436 poses a challenge to the current theories of planet formation. On the basis of the sequential accretion hypothesis and the standard theory of gap formation and orbital migration, we show that around M dwarf stars, close-in Neptune-mass ice giant planets may be relatively common, while close-in Jupiter-mass gas giant planets are relatively rare. The mass distribution of close-in planets generally has two peaks at about Neptune mass and Jupiter mass. The lower mass peak takes the maximum frequency for M dwarfs. Around more massive solar-type stars (G dwarfs), the higher mass peak is much more pronounced. Planets around G dwarfs undergo orbital migration after fully accreting gas, while those around M dwarfs tend to migrate before starting rapid gas accretion. Close-in Neptune-mass planets may also exist around G dwarfs, although they tend to be mostly composed of silicates and iron cores and their frequency is expected to be much smaller than that of Neptune-mass planets around M dwarfs and that of gas giants around G dwarfs. We also show that the conditions for planets' migration due to their tidal interaction with the disk and the stellar mass dependence in the disk mass distribution can be calibrated by the mass distribution of short-period planets around host stars with various masses.


The p21-activated kinase (PAK) family members are key effectors of Rho family GTPases. These small G protein act as regulatory switches that control such cellular processes as motility, proliferation, and cell survival. Some members of this family (such as Cdc42) have been shown to be required for Ras driven tumorigenesis. PAK4 is a key effector for Cdc42 and mediates downstream signals that control cell motility, proliferation and cell survival. To date, PAK4 is the only PAK family member that has been shown to be oncogenic and able to drive anchorage independent growth when activated. PAK4 expression and activity is broadly up-regulated in solid tumors of epithelial origin and the PAK4 gene maps to an amplicon associated with ovarian and pancreatic cancers. The PAK family consists of two sub groups; group I that consists of PAK1,2,3 and group II that consists of PAK4,5,6. Both PAK4 and PAK1 have been shown to be required for Ras driven transformation. PF-3758309 is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of PAK4 kinase domain (Kd = 4.5 nM). In engineered cell assays, PF-3758309 inhibited PAK4 dependent phosphorylation of its substrate GEF-H1 (IC50 = 1 nM). Anchorage-independent growth inhibition is a critical phenotype that has been rigorously associated with PAK4 inhibition. PF-3758309 potently inhibits the anchorage independent growth of HCT116 cells (IC50 = 0.24 nM). PF-3758309 exhibited broad anti-proliferative activity across a panel of 67 cell lines (CRC/pancreatic/NSCLC): 66% IC50 70%TGI at 15-20 mg/kg PO) by PF-3758309: HCT116, A549, MDAMB231, M24met, and Colo205. PK/PD modeling of tumor growth inhibition in the HCT116 model yielded an EC50 = 400 pM (unbound). PF-3758309 is a kinase inhibitor that has been widely profiled biochemically: (146 kinase assays, 74 CEREP assays), cellularly (171 cellular assays), and in vivo (tumor proteomics). By biochemical analysis, PF-3758309 is an inhibitor of PAK1, 4, 5, 6. Broad kinase screening has demonstrated that this is a selective inhibitor with potential additional activities (Src, Fyn, AMPK, CHK). The pharmacodynamic and antitumor effects of PF-3758309 support its evaluation as an anticancer agent. Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr DDT01-3.


extirpation. Hsmorrhage was rather free, but was replaced by 500 c.c. of blood on the table, and she was returned to her bed in fair condition. That night her platelets were 90,000 and her condition improved, but the following day the platelet count was falling again. On December 31st she suffered from a very profuse epistaxis, requiring anterior and posterior packing. The following day she became irrational and her general condition began to fail rapidly with copious free heemorrhages from her nose each time the packing was disturbed. Daily transfusions were given with no result, and she died January 11, 1936. The last blood count, two days before death, showed haemoglobin 35 per cent; red cells 1,600,000; and platelets 50,000. Unfortunately, it was impossible to secure a post-mortem in this case.


Melancholic and introspective, ironical and apolitical, the urban cynic is a myth of today. This study descends into the modern cynical consciousness and emerges with a critical assessment of the preoccupations of contemporary society. The book charts the development of a culture of cynicism in forms such as an obsession with finality and integrity, a widespread retreat into introspection and inertia, and a neurotic attachment to metaphysical truth. The inflated currency of the term "cynicism" reflects a very real crisis in the constitution and practice of politics. The book proposes a means of negotiating this terrain with political sensibility intact.


The utility model provides an interior decorative composite board. The interior decorative composite board is characterized in that a cement glass fiber layer is glued to a polyurethane insulation coating and the polyurethane insulation coating is glued to a gypsum board, wherein the cement glass fiber layer and the gypsum board are glued to each other by virtue of viscosity generated by the polyurethane insulation coating while foaming, and once molded by pressing. The cement glass fiber layer and the gypsum board are once molded by pressing by virtue of viscosity generated by the polyurethane insulation coating while foaming; during pressing molding, no glue water needs to be arranged between the layers to glue the layers; the polyurethane has excellent viscosity after foaming, and thus is capable of gluing the layers after pressing molding, and the polyurethane has the thermal insulation effect and is not a harmful substance, so that the interior decorative composite board does not release harmful substance; the interior decorative composite board is simple in structure and good in thermal insulation effect, and has wide market value.


There has been a steadily high ratio of the morphological mistakes in students' English writing samples.As a result of what we have investigated by way of sample analysis of the selected sample words from the English writings,the ratio of the misuses of English words are also quite high due to the transfer effects of the native language,but the ratio of mistakes will fall as the language practice proceeds.This paper also aims to suggest some practical teaching tips to minimize the transfer effects to the least extent by presenting and analyzing typical morphological misuses from the sample writings.


The utility model discloses a preformed armor rod winding tool which is used for winding a preformed armor rod on a conductive wire. The preformed armor rod winding tool comprises a hand held part and a rotating part. The rotating part can be clamped on the conductive wire. The rotating part is connected with the hand held part which is capable of driving the rotating part to rotate around the conductive wire. The rotating part is provided with a hook which is used for placing the reformed armor rod. When the preformed armor rod winding tool is applied to wind the reformed armor rod on the conductive wire, the winding radius is almost unchanged so that the winding process is not affected by the rotating amplitude of operation staffs. Compared with the background technology, the preformed armor rod winding tool is better in uniformity of the reformed armor rod winding so that compactness of the reformed armor rod after the winding is consistent, phenomena that gaps are too large, end parts are uneven, etc. are reduced, and installation quality is enhanced. Because uniformity of the winding is consistent, the operation staffs do not need to adjust their operating strength, amplitude, etc. The operation staffs only need to hold the hand held part to continuously rotate and move forwardly. Besides, restoration and adjustment operation after the winding are simplified so that operation efficiency is relatively enhanced.


Cross-resolution enhancement for airborne high-squint radar (AHSR) imagery is mathematically equivalent to the ill-conditioned problem of inverse-scattering reconstruction. Although a variety of inversion methods with regularization can be introduced to advance the field of AHSR imagery, they turn out to be computationally intensive when extended to 2-D (range and cross-range dimension) image formulation due to the range-by-range calculation for the space-variant inversion operators over the full range swath. To tackle the problem of efficiency, this article presents a low-complexity inverse-scattering strategy. Our underlying idea is to equalize the space-variant Doppler centroid embedded in an inversion operator for a reference range cell using Doppler centroid compensation. With the proposed strategy, the necessary computational complexity required for 2-D AHSR inverse-scattering reconstruction can be significantly reduced by requiring only the calculation of the inversion operator, independently of the number of range cells. Our experimental assessment, conducted using both the simulation and real data, demonstrates that our proposed inverse-scattering strategy offers preferable computational reduction in the task of inverse-scattering reconstruction for 2-D AHSR imagery without resolution loss.


The article discusses the information and analytical technology implemented in the systems supporting the management processes in the field of anti-terrorism activities. General scientific and special methods were used, including methods of systematic and economic analysis. The possibilities of multi-agent analysis of information are formulated in relation to structured databases on the environment for the commission of terrorist acts, consisting of various economic, etc. materials and results of monitoring of financial transactions that may be related to the financing of terrorism, financial agents (economic entities) in the environment of structures that implement a substantial turnover of cash and non-cash financial resources. The technology under consideration is proposed as an integral part of technology management activities of law enforcement structures that implement counter-terrorism functions, using information systems to support management processes in the field of anti-terrorism activities.


Uniparental disomy (UPD) describes the inheritance of a pair of chromosomes from only one parent, either as both homologues (heterodisomy), as two copies of one homologue (isodisomy), or as a mixture of heterodisomic and isodisomic segments. So far, UPD of whole chromosomes has been described in different clinical cases for most of the human chromosomes, except for maternal UPD(3), (5), (11), (12), (18), and (19) and paternal UPD(3), (4), (9), (12), (17), (18), and (19).1,2 Problems associated with UPD include trisomy mosaicism, homozygosity of autosomal recessively inherited mutations, and genomic imprinting. The latter describes the epigenetic phenomenon of a parental origin dependent gene expression. Cases with complete or segmental UPD might be helpful in mapping rare autosomal recessive disorders or chromosomal regions of genomic imprinting. We report here the first case of maternal uniparental disomy 12 in a healthy girl.

Amniocentesis was performed, because of advanced maternal age, in the 19th week of gestation in a 45 year old gravida 1, para 0 woman. Cytogenetic analysis using standard procedures showed a supernumerary marker chromosome (SMC, fig 1A) in 16 of 30 metaphase spreads (karyotype 47,XX,+mar [16]/46,XX [14]). The SMC was further characterised by centromere specific multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (cenM-FISH)3 and, because several cases of SMC and UPD have been published,4 molecular analysis was undertaken.

 Figure 1
Images were captured on a Zeiss Axioplan microscope (Zeiss Jena, Germany) with the IKAROS and ISIS digital FISH imaging systems (MetaSystems, Altlussheim, Germany) using an XC77 CCD camera with on chip integration …


We introduce a concept of accountability traps. Two conditions characterize an accountability trap: (i) a society is caught in a self-reinforcing pattern of behavior with low accountability and (ii) within the same set of institutions, there is another selfreinforcing pattern of behavior with greater accountability and higher voter welfare. We show that a canonical model of elections is consistent with accountability traps. In the model, the source of accountability traps is "bad expectations" about governance. Specifically, if a society finds itself in an accountability trap, it is playing an equilibrium in which the voter expects politicians to shirk and politicians expect the voter to apply low standards for reelection. The results have implications for the role of institutional reform in development. ∗For helpful comments and feedback, we are indebted to John Duggan, Rafael Hortala-Vallve, Dimitri Landa, Adam Meirowitz, David Myatt, Andrew Rehfeld, Rainer Schwabe, Dan Silverman, and seminar audiences at University of Arizona, Arizona State, Berkeley, Chicago, Maryland, Rochester, Virginia, the European Political Science Association Meetings, the Annual Meetings of the Midwest Political Science Association, the Society for Advancement of Economic Theory, and the World Congress of the Game Theory Society. This research was supported by NSF grants SES-0819152 (Bueno de Mesquita) and SES-0819200 (Friedenberg). In addition, Friedenberg thanks New York University and University College London for their hospitality. †Harris School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago, email: firstname.lastname@example.com ‡Harris School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago, email: firstname.lastname@example.com. §W.P. Carey School of Business, Arizona State University, email: firstname.lastname@example.com Electoral accountability is an important feature of democratic societies. The idea is that giving citizens formal accountability—i.e., the formal right to reward or punish policy makers—will lead to policy choices that are better for citizen welfare. This linkage is premised on the claim that formal accountability does, in fact, affect decisions. Two distinct empirical literatures have examined this issue. The first asks if voters actually make use of the channel of formal accountability—that is, if, in practice, they vote in a way that provides incentives (Canes-Wrone, Brady and Cogan, 2002; Wolfers, 2007; Berry and Howell, 2007; Ansolabehere and Jones, 2010). The second asks if formal accountability does, in fact, increase effective accountability—i.e., if incumbent choices are in fact shaped by the incentives voters provide (Carey et al., 2006; Besley and Case, 1995, 2003; Alt, Bueno de Mesquita and Rose, 2011; de Janvry, Finan and Sadoulet, 2012; Finan and Ferraz, 2011; Gagliarducci and Nannicini, Forthcoming). Of course, these two issues are deeply interwoven. An incumbent's actions are shaped by how she expects voters to respond, and a voter's electoral response to outcomes is conditioned on what actions he believes the incumbent has taken. This raises the possibility that different societies—with identical institutions—might differ in terms of how well they reap the welfare benefits of formal accountability: They may differ in the incumbent's expectations of the voters' behavior and the voters' expectations of the incumbent's behavior. As a consequence, they may differ in the actions chosen by the incumbent and so may differ in the voters' welfare. If societies with identical institutions can differ in their level of effective accountability, it raises the possibility that there is scope for improving democratic performance and voter welfare without changing institutions. To this end, we introduce the concept of an accountability trap. A model of electoral accountability is simply a game that describes a fixed set of institutions. The model is consistent with an accountability trap if two conditions hold. First, there are (at least) two equilibria of the model that differ in terms of their level of effective accountability. Second, voter welfare is higher in the equilibrium with a higher level of effective accountability. A society is caught in an accountability trap if it is in fact playing an equilibrium with both a lower level of effective accountability and a lower level of voter welfare than some other equilibrium. We study a canonical model of the principal-agent relationship between a voter and a politician. Within the context of this model, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an accountability trap. We split the analysis into two steps. First, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of multiple equilibria that differ in their level of effective accountability. Second, we provide necessary and sufficient


Background: Thyroid disorders are one of the most common endocrine diseases. The present study assessed complications associated with thyroid surgery in patients. Materials & Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 54 patients in which thyroidectomy was performed in last 4 years of both genders. Preoperative investigations such as T 3 , T 4 , TSH, FNAC, ultrasonography of thyroid gland were performed. CT scan was done where indicated. Complications of surgery were also noted. Results: Out of 54 patients, males were 20 and females were 34. Common thyroid diseases were solitary nodular goiter in 21, multi nodular goiter in 13, adenomatous goiter in 12 and follicular carcinoma in 8. The difference was significant ( P< 0.05). Common complications were air way obstruction in 3, hemorrhage in 4, hypoparathyroidism in 8, wound infection in 2, thyrotoxic crisis in 5 and recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis in 5 cases. The difference was significant ( P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that common complications are air way obstruction, hemorrhage, hypoparathyroidism, wound infection, thyrotoxic crisis and recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis.


This paper introduces the importance and the bleaching techniques of the working procedure of bleaching in paper making industry. Considering the complex characteristics of the working procedure of bleaching, we adopt a multi-mode control arithmetic to realize the optimization control of the towers temperature. At the same time we also present the structure and hardware disposition based on SIMATIC S7-400 PLC control system.


The construction of a audio system which uses embedded processor S3C2410 and audio processor chip UDA1380 based on ARMLinux are introduced.The design approaches of hardware and software are given.The recording,transmitting and playing of audio data are discussed.The audio data and control signal are transmitted byⅡS andⅡC bus.In the designing of audio drivers,DMA transmission and buffer subsection technology enhance the real time process of audio data.A synchronized record and playback audio system are realized.


OBJECTIVE:To evaluate therapeutic efficacy of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.METHODS:Retrieved from Pubmed,Cochrane library,University of Cambridge Press Journals,electronic journals of American Medical Association,electronic journals of Royal Society of Chemistry,Wiley-Blackwell full-text database,ELSEVIER electronic journal full-text database,Karger full-text electronic journal,OVID Medical Journal full-text database,Springer Link master point,Oxford Journal full-text database,CNKI,randomized controlled trials(RCT) about terazosin on benign prostatic hyperplasia were included,and packet system was evaluated using the statistical software for WinBUGS.RESULTS:A total of 10 RCT were included,involving 1 493 patients.Meta-analysis results showed that,compared with control group,terazosin could effectively improve IPSS sc-ore [WMD=0.75,95%CI(0.03,1.46),P=0.04] and the peak urinary flow rate [WMD=0.81,95%CI(-0.39,0.85),P=0.03].There was statistical significance.In addition,covariance analysis showed that baseline prostate volume didn't influenced the effect of terazosin.CONCLUSIONS:Terazosin can effectively relieve benign prostatic hyperplasia and improve peak urinary flow rate.The effect of terazosin on symptoms and peak urinary flow rate was independent of the baseline prostate size for the range of prostate volumes reported.


To develop a detection method for rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus(RHDV) and its variant strains,the spleen cells of BALB/c mice,immunized with RHDV purified from rabbits livers by sucrose density gradient centrifugation,were fused with SP2/0 cells.Hybridoma cells secreting monoclonal antibodies(McAbs) against RHDV were screened by indirect ELISA based on recombinant VP60 protein expressed in insect cells baculovirus system and the major characteristics of the McAbs were examined.Six strains of hybridoma cells secreting McAbs of AD4,AG10,DE2,BC9,BE8,and BH3 were obtained after 3 cycles of cell fusion,and the subtypes of the McAbs belonged to IgG1(AD4,AG10,DE2),IgG2b(BC9,BE8) and IgM(BH3) respectively.The hybridoma cells had the average chromosome numbers of 87 to 89 and had the stable antibody titer during 20 generations culture in vitro.Analyses using Western-blot and immunofluorescence assays indicated that McAbs DE2 and AG10 could recognize linearity epitopes and others recognize conformation epitopes of VP60 protein.Analysis using competitive ELISA assay revealed that the 6 strains of McAbs could recognize 5 types of RHDV antigen epitopes.


"Erratum on the article 'A feasibility study of using composite reinforcement in transport and power industry structures' (doi:10.3846/16484142.2017.1342689)." Transport, 32(4), p. 435


The objective of the current study examined whether there was any significant correlation between foreign language classroom anxiety and students' reading comprehension. In this regard, hopefully, this study provided English language lecturers to recognize the most provoking factor that affect learning a foreign language, such anxiety and helped students to solve language anxiety to become better English language students. This researcher was conducted at Lakidende University, particularly 32 university students of English Language Teaching Department who enrolled in academic year 2018/2019. The data were obtained from students' reading comprehension test and questionnaire that is Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) and to analyze the data this study applied Pearson Correlation analysis. The finding revealed that there was a significant relationship between foreign language classroom anxiety and students' reading comprehension, p (.061) 0.05. Meanwhile, the strength of correlation between reading anxiety and students' reading comprehension was categorized "moderate" according to table Guidelines of Interpreting Pearson's Correlation Coefficient (r =.381). It might be the fact that most of students frequently experienced moderate level of foreign language classroom anxiety in their reading comprehension class.


The proof-of-concept demonstration of an microwave photonics cross-connect for telecom satellite repeaters is reported. The system includes optical distribution of a high-purity local oscillator at 26 GHz, frequency down-conversion from 30 to 4 GHz, and optical cross-connection of microwave signals.


A complete specimen of Palaeobatrachus diluvianus (GOLDFUSS, 1831), Palaeobatrachidae from the Early Oligocene diatomite of Seifhennersdorf is commented in respect of environment and distribution in northern Bohemia and elsewhere in Europe.


ABSTRACT The effects of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of pistachio (Pistacia vera L. cv. Badami) seedlings were evaluated in a greenhouse study. It was found that both high levels (10 and 20 mg B kg−1 soil) and also lack of B account for the reduction in growth and photosynthesis parameters, especially at low Zn levels. Moreover, Zn deficiency resulted in a reduction in the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. However, the adverse effects of B deficiency and toxicity were alleviated by increasing Zn levels up to 10 mg kg−1 soil. In addition, provided that B and Zn are adequate, synergism can be observed between the two nutrients. This is because sufficient amounts B accelerated the effects of Zn by raising the plant dry weight, photosynthesis parameters, carbonic anhydrase activity, and chlorophyll contents. This increase was reported higher in comparison with Zn alone application. It was concluded that Zn may act as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for mitigating the injury on biomembranes under B stress. Adequate concentration of Zn also prevents uptake and accumulation of excess B in leaf by increasing membrane integrity of root cells. Similarly, B application in adequate concentration plays an important structural role in the cell wall and influences a great variety of physiological processes in pistachio seedlings.


This volume is a splendid start to a new series entitled Comprehensive Endocrinology. The development of methodology permittting the assay of hormones and neurotransmitters in particular, in smaller and smaller amounts of body fluids and tissues, explains the dawning realisation that single time point determinations of almost anything give a far from true clinical or physiological picture. Rhythms are ubiquitous: looked at from the exterior, organic functions vary, with time as a continuum although, as we know, from the point of view of a given organic function, time is variable-"where has this morning gone to?"-"the day really dragged". Be that as it may, the subject is admirably introduced from both a theoretical and practical standpoint by J Aschoff. This chapter should be essential reading for anyone concerned with physiology, biochemistry, and/or medicine and also serves as a warning: fundamental rhythm studies are not to be undertaken lightly. The ingenuity, complexity, and practical difficulty of the work directed towards understanding circadian organisation is remarkable. A further notable contribution is that by R Moore, underlining the central role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus in the generation of biological rhythms and their entrainment by light. Other chapters concern specific hormones-pituitary, gonadal, adrenal, pancreatic together with related metabolites, neurotransmitters, and the amazing and mysterious pineal gland. Much investigated of late, this latter highly rhythmic derivative of the third eye has yet to be assigned a function in man, although its possible involvement in the timing of puberty and the rhythm desynchronisation of some psychiatric disturbances is of great current interest. This book is an essential acquisition for any self-respecting medical library. The only small criticism is the lack of attention to seasonal rhythms in man.


This article makes use of Perfetti's Lexical Quality Hypothesis as a perspective for thinking about vocabulary instruction in terms of semantics (meaning), phonology (pronunciation), orthography (spelling), morphology (meaningful word parts), and syntax (how words function in sentences). Examples are presented of how these aspects of vocabulary instruction can be addressed in lessons related to reading, decoding, spelling, and grammar.


Objective To evaluate the effccts and to analyse the adverse effects of imatinib mesylate for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase.Methods Twenty patients with CML-CP were treated with 300~800 mg/d of imatinib mesylate.To monitore the routine blood test,karyotype and the transcripts expression of bcr/abl P210.To adverse reactions observed during the treatment.Results 20 cases of CMLpatients with median follow-up time for 15 months,18 cases(90.0%) achieved CHR,16 cases(80.0%) achieved the main cytogenetics remission,and 6 cases(42.9%) received the molecular biology remission.Adverse effects:(1) Non-hematologic toxicity:such as superficial edema(fluid retention) for 9 cases,Musculoskeletal pain for 7 cases,Joint pain for 6 cases,headache for 3 cases.These adverse effects were disappeared after 3 months.(2) Hematologic toxicity:After the treatment for 3 months,in all 20 cases,there were 13 cases had panleukopenia,9 cases had thrombocytopenia and 2 cases had anemia.After 6 months,in 18 cases,there were 7 cases had panleukopenia,5 cases had thrombocytopenia and 2 cases had anemia.After 12 months,in 10 cases,there were 3 cases had panleukopenia,3 cases had thrombocytopenia and there was no cases had anemia.None had SGOT/SGPT or bilirubin increased.Conclusion Imatinib mesylatee can receive high a Complete Hematologic Remission rate and a high rate of the main cytogenetics remission in CML-CP patients.The adverse effects occurred in the early phase of the imatinib mesylatee treatment,related with its clearing malignant clone.The incidence of adverse events associated with the treatment significantly reduce with the restoration of normal hematopoiesis.