The optical Vernier effect is a powerful tool for improving the sensitivity of an optical sensor, which relies on the use of two sensor units with slightly detuned frequencies. However, an improper amount of detuning can easily cause the Vernier effect to be unusable. In this work, the effective generation range of the Vernier effect and the corresponding interferometer configuration are suggested and experimentally demonstrated through a tunable cascaded Fabry–Perot interferometer structure. We further demonstrate a practical method to increase the magnification factor of the Vernier effect based on the device bandwidth. Only the optical path length of an interferometer probe and the sensitivity of the measurement parameters are needed to design this practical interferometer based on the Vernier effect. Our results provide potential insights for the sensing applications of the Vernier effect.


Pichia pastoris remains an amicable host for the expression of heterologous protein from eukaryotes. Achieving a high level of expression of yeast in the recombinant host has remained a challenge. Apart from the codon preference of genes and proper protein folding for efficient expression of the heterologous gene, the main bottleneck is to efficiently integrate the heterologous gene into the host DNA. The present study evaluated the choice of available transformation methods such as lithium chloride, electroporation, and spheroplast for efficient integration of xylose reductase (Xr) gene of Candida tropicalis in P. pastoris. The results revealed that electro transformation was found to be an efficient method for the transformation for xr in P. pastoris, yielding 1 x 106 transformants, followed by the lithium chloride method registering 2 x 103 transformants.


Aims The aim of this literature review was to determine what interventions are effective in reducing aggression and offending behaviour in under 18's with conduct disorder. Null hypothesis: There is no difference in aggression or offending behaviour in under 18's with conduct problems in spite of interventions offered Background Mental health services for children and adolescents who are aggressive or who have come into contact with the Youth Justice System are sparse and often under resourced. Conduct disorder (CD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed conditions in adolescents, particularly in young offenders (Kenny et al 2007). The most effective prevention programs for youth at risk of persistent delinquency has previously been found to be a multi model program focussing on the family context. However, this has not taken in to consideration the extent and prevalence of mental disorder, including conduct disorder, within the target population. Method A systematic literature search was undertaken on medline and psychoinfo between January and December 2018. Identified papers were then screened by two independent researchers against pre-agreed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant papers were assessed for bias and results summarised. Result From an initial data set of 526 papers, 9 were included for review. 4 focussed on psychopharmacology (1 aripiprazole, 1 risperidone, 1 risperidone vs clozapine, 1 clozapine), 1 family centred feedback, 1 Mode Deactivation Therapy and 3 were multi modal (combinations of Mode Deactivation Therapy, Stop Now and Act Programme, CBT, Didactic sessions, 1:1 counselling). None of the multi-modal interventions were standardised or comparable to each other. End points varied from 8 weeks (aripiprazole) to 15 months (multimodal SNAP programme). Settings varied from community programmes to secure inpatient settings. Whilst one risperidone study reported it to be effective in reducing aggression, it was not significant. One SNAP (multimodal) programme failed to show significant effect. All other 7 interventions, across various methods, demonstrated significant reductions in aggression, violence or other antisocial behaviour. Conclusion Few papers were identified that assessed interventions for youth with conduct disorder. The papers that were identified were significantly heterogeneous in their intervention, sample selection, methodology and outcome measures. Unfortunately, this leads to an inability to compare any interventions for this demographic. Despite the rise in Forensic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, there is a weak and poorly understood evidence base for supporting and managing young people with conduct disorder.


Work is in progress at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant to verify process flowsheets for converting simulated commercial high-level liquid wastes to granular solids using the fluidized-bed calcination process. Primary emphasis in the series of runs reported was to define flowsheets for calcining simulated Allied-General Nuclear Services (AGNS) waste and to evaluate product properties significant to calcination, solids storage, or post treatment. Pilot-plant studies using simulated high-level acid wastes representative of those to be produced by Nuclear Fuel Services, Inc. (NFS) are also included. Combined AGNS high-level and intermediate-level waste (0.26 M Na in blend) was successfully calcined when powdered iron was added (to result in a Na/Fe mole ratio of 1.0) to the feed to prevent particle agglomeration due to sodium nitrate. Long-term runs (approximately 100 hours) showed that calcination of the combined waste is practical. Concentrated AGNS waste containing sodium at concentrations less than 0.2 M were calcined successfully; concentrated waste containing 1.13 M Na calcined successfully when powdered iron was added to the feed to suppress sodium nitrate formation. Calcination of dilute AGNS waste by conventional fluid-bed techniques was unsuccessful due more » to the inability to control bed particle size-- both particle size and bed level decreased. Fluid-bed solidification of AGNS dilute waste at conditions in which most of the calcined solids left the calciner vessel with the off-gas was successful. In such a concept, the steady-state composition of the bed material would be approximately 22 wt percent calcined solids deposited on inert particles. Calcination of simulated NFS acid waste indicated that solidification by the fluid-bed process is feasible. (auth) « less


Disclosed is a technique for preventing a water-repellent protective film formed on a resist film from peeling off during immersion exposure. A resist film is formed on the front surface of a substrate and then the peripheral edge portion of the resist film is removed. Before forming a water-repellent protective film onto the resist film, an adhesion-improving fluid, preferably hexamethyldisilazane gas, for improving the adhesion of the water-repellent protective film, is supplied to the region from which the resist film is removed.


Personality of a Perpetrator of Criminal Act And Offence Goal of this work ´Personality of a Perpetrator of Criminal Act And Offence´ was to clarify the link between all biological, psychological and social that influences the development of personality, the formation of individuality. We were trying to describe the impact of various factors on changes in behavior and human survival, the effects of the life situations that can get all of us, with their management depending on many factors operating at the right time. We wanted to show the number of incentives and opportunities on which a man chooses the wrong way. These are primarily external influences through which people get to commit anti-social activities. Criminality accompanies our society since its beginnings and it is clear that it will never be rid of fit. It is a serious social problem which is necessary to be solved. The starting point therefore remains to learn to live with it, which does not mean to reconcile with it but to minimize it by means of law enforcement and of prevention.


This paper presents the performance analysis of a rectangular microstrip graphene-based printed antenna loaded with graphene metasurface between two dielectric substrates for efficient operation in the terahertz spectrum. The graphene patch with inset feed reports high return loss of 55.2 dB at 2.134 THz and noticeable fractional bandwidths of 23 %, 9.8 %, 6.9 %, and 4.6 % at the frequencies 1.762 THz, 2.134 THz, 2.462 THz and 2.782 THz respectively. With highest realized gain of 5.37 dBi at 2.782 THz, the proposed antenna may be suitable for spectroscopy, security scanning and numerous medical applications.


The invention relates to a method for producing at least a non-metallized margin on wafer metallized flexible plastic film and a method for manufacturing such stacked or wound capacitors using such wafers. The method for producing at least a non-metallized margin is characterized in that the non-metallized margin is performed using a laser beam 7 having an angle of incidence alpha non-zero with respect to the side surface of the wafer 1.


This article asks how religious traditions make otherwise invisible worlds perceptible and real for religious practitioners and analyzes the specific case of Tibetan pilgrimage literature in order to propose a theoretical account for how they do so. Specifically, I show how the textual tradition of Tibetan pilgrimage guides plays a key role in structuring the pilgrimage experience, particularly in terms of the pilgrim's visual encounter with the material landscape. Pilgrimage guides are particularly concerned with vision because the Tibetan pilgrimage tradition maintains that holy mountains have both an outer appearance visible to ordinary people and an inner reality that only advanced beings can see. As such, the goal for pilgrims is to transform their perception so as to see the hidden reality of the mountain. To show how guides seek to facilitate such a transformation, I first identify the key literary strategies that guides use to project a fantastic vision of the holy sites they describe. Next, I demonstrate how guides recontextualize pilgrims' ordinary perception of the pilgrimage site such that they view the ordinary in tandem with the extraordinary. I refer to this facility as "co-seeing," or the ability to see the place in two ways at once. This co-seeing serves to ground the fantastic vision of the site in the material landscape. The article thus draws on new theoretical developments in the so-called visual turn and new materialism to provide an account of how religious traditions engage both perception and landscape to shape practitioners' experience of the world.


Methods of oil-associated gas utilization important for oil producing companies in Russia are being examined in this article. Methods of application and product usage efficiency are analyzed. The performed analysis allowed to outline the main benefits and drawbacks of introduced methods and determine the most attractive way of utilization depending on various characteristics and certain conditions of oil fields (the size, the remoteness of the field, the depth of bedding, the level of infrustructure etc.). The usage of new methods of oil-associated gas utilization analysed in this article allows to increase oil production output much faster, solves the problem of effective CO2 usage at oil fields, which is highly important in modern conditions of oil and oil-associated gas production and usage.


While the condition for space-charge limited current (SCLC) for a 1-D planar diode were initially derived by Child and Langmuir over a century ago 1 , 2 , exact analytic equations for non-planar geometries have proven elusive. Recent studies have applied variational calculus (VC) 3 and conformal mapping 4 to derive SCLC for non-magnetic, 1-D diodes with various non-planar geometries and no electron injection velocity. In this presentation, we apply VC to minimize the current in a planar diode with a non-zero, non-relativistic injection velocity to derive an equation for the SCLC for a planar geometry from first principles that agrees with one of the common existing analytic solutions 5 . We will further compare this result to other existing solutions for SCLC for nonzero injection velocity 6 and explain the reasons for the differences. We then apply VC and conformal mapping to extend these calculations to other non-planar geometries, particularly concentric cylinders and spheres. The characteristics of the virtual cathode for each geometry will also be derived. Potential future extensions of these approaches to other geometries and to relativistic diodes will be discussed.


1. An antimicrobial composition comprising chlorhexidine and pentane-1,5- diol, wherein the amount of chlorhexidine is between 0.000001 and 5 wt.%, And the amount of pentane-1,5-diol is from 1 to 75 wt.%. ! 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of chlorhexidine is between 0.00001 to 5 wt.%, And the amount of pentane-1,5-diol is from 3 to 25 wt.%. ! 3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the amount of chlorhexidine is between 0.001 and 2.5 wt.% And the amount of pentane-1,5-diol is 5 to 15 wt.%. ! 4. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition is a pharmaceutical composition. ! 5. A composition according to claim 4, wherein said composition is for topical administration. ! 6. A composition according to claim 4, wherein said composition comprises a carrier and a thickener. ! 7. The composition of claim 1 for use in therapy. ! 8. Use of a composition according to claim 1 in non-therapeutic disinfection. ! 9. A composition according to any one of claims 1-6 for use in treating infections. ! 10. The composition of claim 9, wherein said infection is an infection affecting the skin.


Foreword. Introduction. A Consideration of the similarities and differences between art teaching and art therapy. Art, Psychotherapy and symbol systems. Art therapy as a form of psychotherapy. Alternative models for describing the development of children's graphic work: some implications for art therapy. The child and art therapy: a psychodynamic viewpoint. A Jungian approach to art therapy based in a residential setting. The use of art therapy in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. Art therapy for people who are mentally handicapped. Art therapy with the elderly and the terminally ill. Art therapy in prisons. Art games and group structures. Art therapy with long stay residents of psychiatric hospitals. Training in art therapy. Name index. Subject Index.


Based on characteristics of direct extrusion for magnesium alloy seamless tube and continuous equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) of tubes, a new composite extrusion process of tubes including direct extrusion and many steps ECAP was invented firstly, which are shorten for TES process in this paper. A three-dimensional finite element thermo-mechanical coupled model and conditions for TES process were established. The extrusion process and cumulative strains evolution during TES process were simulated. The results show that TES process can improve the cumulative strains significantly. The microstructures observations of longitudinal sections for tubes fabricated by direct extrusion and TES process were carried out. It was found that when the extrusion temperature was 400°C, and extrusion ratio was 8.4 and the channel angle was 150°, TES process can refine the microstructures of tubes effectively.


THE drastic decline in industrial output that has taken place during the three years since I929 iS clearly revealed by annual indexes of manufacturing and mining output. Production of manufactures in I932 was the smallest in about twenty years, while the volume of mineral output fell back to the low level of I92I-22. The record of physical output is summarized, in fairly comparable form for the past thirty-four years, by the unadjusted indexes presented in Table I below.' The Federal Reserve Board index of manufactures dropped from II9 (I923-25 average = ioo) in I929 to 63 (preliminary) last year, and the minerals index fell from II5 in I929 to 73 (preliminary). While declines have been sharp in the two branches of industrial activity, it is obvious that the contraction of manufactures has been more severe than that of mineral output. Monthly indexes for manufactures and minerals, shown on Chart i, reveal certain movements that are not disclosed by annual indexes. In the early months of I930, and again early in I93I, the manufactures index showed some recovery from the low level reached at the close of the preceding year; but in each instance the improvement was short-lived. Decline was renewed in the second quarter of each year, and as the year ended, the index was far below the level of the opening months. In I932, on the other hand, no recovery occurred in the first half of the year, but the index continued to decline until 1 In order to make comparisons possible over a considerable number of years, this table presents the Federal Reserve Board indexes of production of manufactures and minerals with the average for the years I1923-25 taken as a base for the post-war years, together with the manufacture and mining indexes formerly published in this REviEw (ix: I49) for I899-I926, converted to the I923-25 base.


The polymer backbone of a side-chain liquid crystal polymer exhibits an anisotropic shape due to the coupling of the liquid crystal orientational order of the mesogenic side-chains to the backbone. The magnitude and sign of this coupling may be controlled by chemical design. The introduction of chemical cross-links in to such a system provides both a memory of the anisotropic organisation and a mechanism by which the microscopic anisotropy can be realised at a macroscopic level. We show how this anisotropic network structure yields new phenomena when electric or mechanical fields are applied.


Poly(diphenylacetylene) is thermally very stable, but insoluble in any solvents, whereas polyacetylenes from unsymmetrically disubstituted acetylenes are generally soluble. Hence the synthesis of soluble poly(diphenylacetylenes) was examined by introducing the trimethylsilyl group. 1-Phenyl-2[p -(trimethylsilyl)phenyl]acetylene and 1-phenyl -2 -[m -(tri methylsilyl)pheny1]acetylene polymerized with TaCI5 -cocatalyst systems to provide new polymers over 70% yields having weight-average molecular weight over 1 x 106. As cocatalysts, nBu4Sn, Et3SiH, and 9BBN were especially effective. The polymers were yellow solids with the alternating double bond structure, [CPh=C(C6H4-SiMe3)-]0 . As expected, they completely dissolved in toluene, CHC13 etc., and formed free-standing films by solution casting. The temperatures at which their weight loss started in TGA were as high as ca. 400 °C.


A great reformer has passed on. Clifford Whittingham Beers died on July 9th, 1943, at Providence, U.S.A., but his fine enthusiastic and farseeing spirit has left behind it work which persists and grows. At a time when such ideas as his were regarded as almost too progressive, and, in some quarters indeed, as subversive and revolutionary, he, a recovered patient, demonstrated the value of individual study of each patient, and a more hopeful attitude towards the whole question of insanity and its treatment. He gained support from some of the best men in America, both doctors and others, amongst whom Professor William James, the psychologist and writer, stands out.


Whenever you want to give someone feedback about how you perceive them or, get feedback about how they perceive you you can use the Repertory Grid Technique (Repgrid). This article will show you how to use the Repgrid to generate feedback amongst the members of a group. This could be useful on many occasions. For example I have used it to surface interpersonal issues amongst project teams of various kinds and with groups where differences of opinion were impairing their performance. In this article I shall concentrate on describing the way I use the Repgrid as a self‐insight exercise halfway through an interactive skills course. The aims of the exercise are • To give each course member feedback about how others perceive them so that they can build on strengths and overcome weaknesses during the second half of the course. • To give each course member some insight into what they notice about other people and how it fits in with the conclusions they reach about them. The idea is to jolt them into being both more observant and careful in reaching conclusions about people. The whole exercise takes about half a day, but that includes some group work as you will see, and could be adapted for use on any programme where issues to do with behaviour, feelings, attitudes and perceptions are high on the agenda.


The purpose of this study is to estimate the development potential land in Beijing basic farmland conservation,and provide foundation for the land reclamation planning.The basic farmland protectorate farming quantity increasing mainly has three origins: the restructuring of the agricultural farmland construction,the reclamation of the countryside residential area,the abandons industry mining,and the development of the non-used farming land.The research results showed that the scale of the adjustable land class might increase approximately 4 789 hm2 farming land;through the farmland improvement,the scale approximately is 3 300 hm2;the returns of the countryside residential area vacate buildings was approximately 7 500 hm2 and the potential of the industry and mining could draw back farming land approximately 272.24 hm2.The development of unused land was possible to supplement 900 hm2 of farming land,which mainly distributed at the east part of Shunyi and the southwest part of Pinggu.


It is the common sense of the whole world to enhance scientific quality. It includes four factors: scientific spirit, scientific attitude, scientific knowledge and scientific method. Of the four scientific spirit is liable to confuse with scientific attitude. Scientific spirit is the promise of ontology while scientific attitude is the promise of epistemology, which is the material guarantee for the reliability of scientific knowledge. Scientific quality is a big system, in which scientific attitude is the ordering parameter. Therefore this big system observes the self-organizing principles of the synergetics. Meanwhile this system outputs scientific attitude, which further integrates the whole system. So it is the model of the hypercycle. The crux to enhance scientific quality is to rectify scientific attitude.


This introduction provides a brief overview of developments in research on political campaigning on the Internet. It presents state-of-the-art research in the field of political communication and the Internet, after which summaries of the studies in this special issue are provided. Finally, the article suggests a number of future research concerns.


Fact-checking, the task of assessing the veracity of claims, is an important, timely, and challenging problem. While many automated fact-checking systems have been recently proposed, the human side of the partnership has been largely neglected: how might people understand, interact with, and establish trust with an AI fact-checking system? Does such a system actually help people better assess the factuality of claims? In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of a mixed-initiative approach to fact-checking, blending human knowledge and experience with the efficiency and scalability of automated information retrieval and ML. In a user study in which participants used our system to aid their own assessment of claims, our results suggest that individuals tend to trust the system: participant accuracy assessing claims improved when exposed to correct model predictions. However, this trust perhaps goes too far: when the model was wrong, exposure to its predictions often degraded human accuracy. Participants given the option to interact with these incorrect predictions were often able improve their own performance. This suggests that transparent models are key to facilitating effective human interaction with fallible AI models.


Enabled by a dual-angle and dual-color illumination based computational on-chip imaging platform [7], here we reported the discovery of an entirely new swimming pattern, in the form of chiral ribbons, observed in human and horse sperms. We believe that this imaging platform could help us better understand the statistical behavior of various micro-swimmers and sperms of different species, shedding more light onto the biophysics of their 3D motion.


This report on the 20th anniversary annual conference of the European College of Sport Science focuses on presentations relevant to non-athletic populations. A tribute to a giant in exercise science: Bengt Saltin's research on optimizing muscular performance and health, mitochondrial biogenesis, interdisciplinary physical activity, lifelong endurance training, vascular function during exercise. Physical activity, learning and memory: neurophysiological and sociological aspects of motor learning and memory; neurotrophic factors and exercise. Aging and body functioning: cellular mechanisms and sarcopenia; strength declines during aging; assessment of muscle protein synthesis; brain health; well-being; restricted energy intake; neurodegenerative disorders; inactivity; pharmaceutical drug development. Physical activity promotion – older adults: Physical activity and cardiovascular disease; mobility and leukocyte telomere length; high-intensity interval training; exercise promotion programs; double concentric multi-joint exercise; muscle fat infiltration. Physical activity promotion – children: school-based interventions; physical activity and fitness assessment; maximal oxygen uptake assessment; obesity prevention; inflammation. Neuromuscular performance during lifespan: visco-elasticity and posture; tendon adaptations; static and dynamic postural control; explosive strength assessment and adaptations; balance training and adaptations; motor learning and adaptations. Team sports for health: recreational and motivational aspects of football; floorball; football fans and training; floorball in the elderly. Injury prevention: multifactorial injury prevention; shoes and motion control; dynamic stabilization and functional strengthening. Physical activity and cognitive function: physical activity, exercise and memory; brain function and motor learning; cognitive control and motor coordination in the elderly; neuroplasticity, memory and motor skill acquisition. Occupational health promotion: cost-effectiveness; occupational activity assessment; tailoring of interventions; multilevel interventions. Obesity, body composition and metabolism: whole body cryostimulation and anti-inflammation; irisin and low temperatures; healthy weight interventions; high-intensity training and glucose uptake.


The lowest measured phase noise floors of photonically generated microwave signals are orders-of-magnitude above the quantum limit. We show this discrepancy is likely due to photocarrier scattering in high speed, high linearity photodetectors.


Functionalization of planar aromatic rings is very straightforward, up scalable, and economical in comparison with many azole, caged, linear or cyclic structures. In our present work, a facile synthesis of...


The current environmental parameter perception method of some autonomous vehicles has the problem that the MOTA (Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy, This measure combines three error sources false positives, missed targets and identify switches) value is too low. A multi-vision machine vision based environmental parameter perception method of autonomous vehicles is designed. The expected distance between the vehicle and the vehicle in front was calculated. The driving data was collected based on multi-eye machine vision, and the target motion process was divided into several infinitesimal sampling cycles. The data preprocessing process of autonomous vehicle was optimized, the relationship between reaction distance and reaction time was described, and the environmental parameter perception method was designed. Experimental results show that the MOTA mean value of the environmental parameter perception method of the autonomous vehicle in this paper is 84.63%, indicating that the environmental parameter perception method of the autonomous vehicle designed with the combination of multi-vision machine vision technology has high accuracy.


Serverless computing is growing in popularity by virtue of its lightweight and simplicity of management. It achieves these merits by reducing the granularity of the computing unit to the function level. Specifically, serverless allows users to focus squarely on the function itself while leaving other cumbersome management and scheduling issues to the platform provider, who is responsible for striking a balance between high-performance scheduling and low resource cost. In this article, we conduct a comprehensive survey of serverless computing with a particular focus on its infrastructure characteristics. Whereby some existing challenges are identified, and the associated cutting-edge solutions are analyzed. With these results, we further investigate some typical open-source frameworks and study how they address the identified challenges. Given the great advantages of serverless computing, it is expected that its deployment would dominate future cloud platforms. As such, we also envision some promising research opportunities that need to be further explored in the future. We hope that our work in this article can inspire those researchers and practitioners who are engaged in related fields to appreciate serverless computing, thereby setting foot in this promising area and making great contributions to its development.


The gap between spoken Czech and the stylized literary language, spisovna cestina, is so great that in categories such as the instrumental plural of all nominals, the prestige-code desinences are bookish or archaic, while in the spoken code they are nonstandard and colloquial; no neutral register exists. Instr pl noun phrases (modifier plus noun) are among the most marked in colloquial morphology, as they have both nonstandard theme vowels and a nonstandard case-marking vowel. Nonetheless, they are fully established in all supraregional spoken forms of Czech, Common Czech of Bohemia, Moravian inter-dialects, and Lach. Unlike one-dimensional morphological markings such as the loc pl in -ach in velar stems, they cannot be recognized in the prestige code. The hierarchical differentiation of these forms is analyzed in the wider context of other colloquial morphological features. It is argued that in code mixing or code switching all varieties of nonstandard morphology make their way into formal speech not as mere stylistic coloration but as agents of discourse function. Contemporary writers such as Hrabal in Prilis hlucna samota make selective functional use of colloquial morphology for thematic focus. 1. Introduction It has long been recognized that the morphology of nominal forms in Literary Czech (LC, spisovna cestina), along with other phenomena of phonology, morphology, and lexis, reflects an arrested stage in the development of the language. (1) In spoken Czech functional gender differentiation in noun plurals disappeared centuries ago, with the exception of masc personal. Oblique plural declensional types tend toward unification, as they do in other North Slavic languages. Dat and IOC pls (2) in all Czech dialects and interdialects, including LC, have the shape V-in, V-ch, as in LC loc stromech, Lach (Silesian) strontacli, Hanak (Central Moravian) stromoch. (3) The instr pl in all Czech spoken forms of speech has everywhere become nearly fully unified around a central model with the case marker -ma. All declined nominals without differentiation by gender or class share this common ending. In Common Czech (obecna cestina) the nouns are fully integrated, with V -a- for hard stems, -e- for soft. In most of Moravia the connecting vowel in nouns is a; in Silesia, the case marker is the older -mi. (4) LC y/i in masc and neu declensions is to be found only in the peripheral SW Czech Doudlebske dialect, a vestige doomed to be lost in the process of interdialectal leveling (Vazny 1970). (5) Jakobson (1971) and Slosar (1986: 131) point out that the loss of the declensional distinction between a direct case (acc or nom) and the instrumental is not to be found in the modern Slavic languages with unified plural endings. (6) 1.1 LC and CC from Gebauer to the 1960s Why then has LC for so long approved this case ending? For an answer we may look to the complex relationship of LC and spoken forms of Czech. The history of the theory of LC is long and colorful and can only be adumbrated here. Jan Gebauer (1960) and the first edition of the Pravidla ceskeho pravopisit (1902) set written standards for the past century, including progressive innovations imported from the literary work of Czech writers of the late 1800s. Puristic fears of German encroachment on the fragile language of the first Republic (1918-1939)--fears resurrected from the time of the Revivalists of a century past, when Czech was truly imperiled--were effectively countered by the Prague Linguistic Circle and their leaders Bohuslav Havranek, Vilem Mathesius, and Roman Jakobson (see Jakobson 1932). The Circle defended LC from unhealthy and artificial incursions of "lawgivers" (zakonodarci jazykove spravnosti), and advanced the functional development of LC based on contemporary literary norms, some of which were remote from spoken usage. In the 1940s the French linguist Vey described a colloquial variety of Prague Czech strikingly at variance from literary norms and codification (Vey 1946); in 1955 and 1961 the Czech emigre Henry Kucera published statistical studies of colloquial speech, opening the discussion to the study of the hierarchical switching or oscillation between codes (LC and colloquial Czech) and, significantly, variants within the two codes suggesting their functional alternation in discourse (Kucera 1955). …


This paper proved that the solution of vibration equation for infinite long string satisfies the theorem of diagonal point. We can solve the Goursat problem and the Darbouxproblem with the theorem.


Modern developments in computer technology and computer software have allowed simulation of very complex physical phenomena, which was almost impossible or prohibitively expensive even several years ago. One such area is fluid flow involving heat transfer and coupled with phase transformation. The problem is very difficult as it sounds, but nowadays one can obtain very good results even on a personal computer within a reasonable period of time. The manufacturing process that belongs to this group of problems is metalcasting. In the past, metalcasting was more of an art than the science; however, nowadays computer software is successfully applied to simulate filling and solidification process. The accurate result of simulation allow improved casting design along with the optimization of the gating and risering system used to produce a sound product.


During the past three years, mathematics educators have had to adjust to the onlineeducationsystemanddevelopnewapproaches,strategies,andpracticestokeepstudents engaged and motivated. Student engagement and motivation have been established in existing research as vital aspects of education. To promote engagement and motivation during the pandemic, mathematics educators have focused on positive working relationships with students, highlighting values such as care and empathy. Mathematics educators have also adopted various technological tools to enhance student engagement and motivation. As institutions have begun to reintroduce face-to-face classes in the post-pandemic era, there is a need to re-examine these approaches, and how they may be sustained or improved. A significant gap that has remained unexplored in the literature is how mathematics educators maintain or enhance student engagement and motivation upon transitioning to face-to-face or hybrid classes in the post- pandemic era. This concept paper is centered on this research gap, with recommendations for theory and practice based on current knowledge regarding higher education students' motivation and engagement in mathematics.


The eigenmodes of surface plasmon oscillation for an arbitrary number of aligned spheres or spherical cavities are given by a power series of the radius–distance ratio. The Van der Waals energy is calculated in first approximation for an arbitrary chain, and in second approximation for an array of two holes and two spheres.The error due to the neglect of all interactions except that between nearest neighbors is analysed in detail together with the bands of the infinite chain in the nearest neighbor approximation. [Journal translation]


In this paper we have developed a wheel slip controller, viz. Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), based on a minimum energy control law with constraints. An ABS is able to avoid the wheel lock during a braking maneuver.


This article studies the Greek crisis since 2009 with a synthesized Marxian framework by embedding the Greek capital accumulation process into the capitalist core-periphery structure in the European Union, which deteriorated the competitiveness of Greece and adversely impacted its capital accumulation, leading to a relatively low profit rate in the neoliberal era. Institutions of the European Union helped Greece turn to debt-driven accumulation to sustain growth, especially the external debt of government, but the weak productive accumulation because of relatively low profit rate made the accumulation of debt unsustainable in the long run. When doubt was cast on Greece's capacity to repay its debts, the economy lost external sources of funding, leading to a halt in debt expansion and the burst of the sovereign debt crisis. JEL Classification: E11, F02, O10


Deformed samples have in general a heterogeneous structure, e.g., the texture and the stress state vary with distance across the sample. It is very useful to study these heterogeneities in a non-destructive way. Such a method for the study of texture heterogeneity is presented in this work. It was tested on model samples having two distinct layers with different textures. Textures of two layers were separated by a numerical treatment of the total diffraction signal. Neutron and X-ray diffraction techniques were used. The results are very promising.


The rights of the hospitalized children, as well as the development and defense of these rights inside the hospital institutions, are an area of growing inte...


Emissions of carbonaceous aerosols (black carbon [BC] and organic aerosol [OA]) from biomass burning have important climate and human health impacts. Not only the primary emissions are complicated by combustion phases, but also the evolution after emission is not well understood. In this study, single plumes from residential wood burning, extracted from either flaming or smoldering phase, were injected into our novel chamber, to investigate their evolution in real atmospheric conditions with or without solar radiation. Initial compositions of flaming or smoldering plumes were dominated by BC or OA respectively, with higher NOx emission in flaming. Replicable results showed that in light, smoldering plumes had faster secondary OA (SOA) formation than flaming, due to the higher emissions of volatile organic compounds in smoldering. Furanic and carboxylic acid compounds were found to be the main gaseous precursors and products, respectively. Evaporation and photooxidation concurrently caused increased oxidation in the beginning, but at a later stage of evolution, SOA evolution showed remarkable divergence: enhanced oxidation for smoldering but decreased for flaming plumes, leading to a higher oxygen‐to‐carbon ratio for smoldering than flaming up to 0.25. We found the higher NOx emission in flaming promoted the gaseous fragmentation reactions, while the seeding particles dominated by OA in smoldering may cause these contrasting tendencies of OA oxidation between combustion phases. Distinct particulate/gas emissions and resultant evolutions in producing SOA at different combustion phases should be therefore considered in evaluating the impacts of biomass burning emissions.


This paper concerns the report-behavior by outside raters, of reinforcing and fear-producing stimuli for 5 target Ss, on both a Reinforcement and a Fear Survey Schedule. Schedules were filled out by 5 target Ss for themselves and then by available parents and caretakers, as they thought the targets would fill them out. Correlations between the ratings by Ss and the outside raters showed Rater-Rater agreement was greater than Rater-S agreement for both scales.


New opportunities for postsecondary education have emerged for young adults with intellectual disability. As a growing number of institutions establish inclusive higher education programs, it is important to understand the experiences of faculty who welcome students with intellectual disability into their courses. This qualitative study explored the views of 23 university professors who had recent experience teaching students with intellectual disability. Focus group interviews addressed the roles of faculty within inclusive classrooms, the strategies they found helpful, and the issues they found challenging. We offer recommendations for supporting faculty in this new endeavor and suggest areas for future research.


In this paper, we proposed an optical true time-delay (TTD) for planar phased array antennas (PAAs), which is composed of a wavelength-dependent optical true time delay (WDOTTD) followed by a wavelength-independent optical true time delay (WIOTTD). The WDOTTD is a fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) Prism and the WDOTTD is a fiber delay-lines matrix of which each component consists of a certain length of fiber connected to cross-ports of a 22 MEMS switch. A 10-GHz 2-bit4-bit two-dimensional optical TTD has been fabricated by cascading a WDOTTD with a maximum time delay of 810 ps to a WIOTTD of 50 ps. Time delay and insertion loss for each radiation angle have been measured. Time delay error for the WIOTTD has been measured to be less than 1 ps. We have also designed a two-dimensional 10-GHz PAA composed of 88 microstrip patch antenna elements driven by the proposed TTD. The radiation patterns of this PAA have been obtained by simulation and analyzed.


A Detailed Calcareous nannofossil study conducted on the Bekhme Formation that is cropped out at the Southern limb of the Bekhere anticline, eastern ward of the Dohuk city near Bajlur village, northern Iraq. The Bekhme Formation is composed of marly limestone, Organic limestone and fossiliferous limestone. The nannopaleontological classification of these calcareous nannofossils led us to determine thirty-four genus/species belonging to nine families. The nannobiostratigraphic analysis suggested three calcareous nannofossils biozones from oldest to youngest are: (1) Quadrum sissinghii Interval Zone; (2) Quadrum trifidum Interval Zone; (3) Tranolithus phacelosus Interval Zone. These biozones suggest that the studied section from the Bekhme Formation is the Middle to Late Campanian, and it refers to temperature fluctuations which considered as possible warm time period at subtropical areas.


topics thematically relevant, while not on railways per se, might have helped in this area. Heywood describes his goal as 'reconstruct[ing] the experience of life as a Russian engineer in the first half of the twentieth century . . . true, the feasibility of this . . . hinges on Lomonosov's typicality as a Russian engineer . . . whereas the exceptionality of much of his life helps make him such a strong candidate for a biography' (p. 6). The historical subject's typicality and exceptionality are not subsequently reconciled in the text, prompting the useful question of what today's historians expect biography to accomplish. One of those goals may well be the kind of genuinely transnational history that Heywood has produced in this book.


The article deals with the issues of teaching oral speech (dialogic and monologue) based on the texts by specialty. Exercises for the formation of oral speech skills are offered


The thermal analysis of GaN-based high electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) is carried out from steady-state and transient aspects, respectively. An improved closed-form nonlinear thermal model based on device structure is proposed. In the steady-state case, the plane layer is added on the basis of the original partition, and the effect of thermal boundary resistance on channel temperature is also considered. In addition, the operating temperature of each gate finger is predicted based on the thermal coupling, and the nonlinear thermal model is extended to the transient by combining the thermal time constant. The validity of our presented model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental data. Furthermore, this model is also embedded in the surface-potential-based current model to verify the self-heating effect in the circuits.


Background: Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) is a powerful predictor of event-free survival in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, as T-ALL is less common, MRD studies are limited, often with small cohorts, and even fewer have been done by flowcytometry-based MRD (FC-MRD). There have also been different time-points such as Post-Induction (PI-MRD), and late or Post-Consolidation (PC-MRD) that have shown significant correlation with overall, event, and relapse-free survival (OS, EFS & RFS). As the available literature is still not conclusive, we investigated the impact of FC-MRD on survival in childhood T-ALL at a large tertiary cancer care centre in India.
 Methods: Children less than 15-years age diagnosed with T-ALL from Jan-2014 to May 2018 were treated uniformly on a modified MCP-841 protocol that included a 4-drug induction (vincristine, prednisolone, l-asparaginase, daunomycin), and consolidation with high-dose cytarabine (24gm/m2 in 3 equal legs for children below 3-years, and 16gm/m2 in two equal legs, for 3 or more years age). Post-consolidation therapy followed the pattern of Interim Maintenance, two Delayed Intensification cycles, and 18 months of Maintenance. Central Nervous System (CNS)-directed therapy consisted of intrathecal methotrexate in all cycles, and those with CNS involvement received additional Cranial Radiation of 18Gy. In early-thymic-precursor (ETP-ALL) immunophenotype patients, dexamethasone replaced prednisolone in Induction. The protocol did not include High-Dose Methotrexate. FC-MRD was estimated by 10-color FC-MRD assay on Navios flow-cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Inc.) at Post-Induction(day-35), and Post-Consolidation(day-78) for those PI-MRD positive(+ve). FC-MRD was analyzed on Kaluza® software v-1.3. Any detectable value was taken as positive. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc Statistical Software®.
 Results: Of 368 eligible patients diagnosed at our centre in the study period, 81 did not undergo PI-MRD (14- Induction deaths, 13- treatment abandonment, 54- referral to other institute/ time-point missed/ did not consent/ other reasons). Another 18 abandoned treatment within 100 days of diagnosis and were also excluded. In the remaining 269, median age was 10-years (range:1-15), M:F-3.8:1. Median presenting WBC was 96.7 x 103/cmm (range:1.14-849), and thirteen patients had ETP. PI-MRD was positive in 125(46%) patients (median MRD -0.3%, range:0.0007-43.6%) of which 58(46.4%) developed medullary relapse, compared to 17 of 144(11.6%) for PI-MRD negative(-ve) patients, with Hazard Ratio (HR) for risk of medullary-relapse for PI-MRD+ve being 5.02(95% CI:3.16-7.96; p<0.0001). Median RFS was 20.5 months (95% CI:16.2-34.7) for PI-MRD+ve patients, while median was not-reached for PI-MRD-ve. PI-MRD+ve patients were at high risk for all events (medullary relapse, extramedullary relapse and death) with an incidence of 53.6% versus 27.8%; p<0.0001, and HR of 2.36 (95% CI:1.6-3.47; p<0.0001). Probability of EFS at 30 months was 68.9% for PI-MRD+ve and 41.1% for PI-MRD-ve patients(Fig-1), while there was no significant difference in 30-month OS, which were 78.7% and 77.9% respectively. Most relapsed/ refractory patients were unable to undergo intensive salvage regimens and/ or hematopoietic stem cell transplants due to socio-economic constraints. When their disease progressed, they were mostly sent home on palliative care on an oral metronomic chemotherapy protocol, on which they survived for varying periods of times. PC-MRD was available in 90 PI-MRD+ patients, and was positive in 28(31%), with median MRD level of 0.055% (range:0.0008-27.6%). PC-MRD+ve patients had significantly shorter RFS (median-14.3 months, 95% CI:7.1-49.7 months), with risk of relapse HR of 2.36 (95% CI:1.6-3.47; p<0.0001). Univariate and multivariate analysis using Cox-hazard model for age, hyperleukocytosis and ETP-immunophenotype showed that PI-MRD was the most significant and an independent high-risk factor for relapse with HR for multivariate analysis being 5.5(95% CI:2.85-11.45; p<0.0001).
 Conclusion: We conclude that 10-color FC-MRD done Post-Induction and Post-Consolidation detecting any residual disease reliably identifies those at highest risk of relapse and any other event. PI-MRD+ is an independent, and also the most important risk-factor for any event, and if PC-MRD is also positive, relapse occurs early.
 Figure 1

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Research and development on high-density recording technology have produced a 1/2 inch composite digital VTR (D-3 format) for broadcast use. This paper describes advanced technologies employing the D-3 format, which has an extremely high recording density. The background and object of research and the target of technical development are presented in chapters one and two. Research on VTR formats, the basis of the VTR design, is described in chapter three. In chapter four, outlines of signal processing systems for recording and reproduction systems are described. Chapter five explains channel coding, which is an essential technology for digital recording, together with requirements to meet the distinctive characteristics of magnetic recording and the newly-realized 8/14 coding plus comparisons with other codings. In chapter six, the basic requirements, design and characteristics of error correction, concealment and shuffling technologies are clarified. Chapter seven describes the development and improvement of a thinner metal particle tape, the strategy for preparing a high performance head, the design of recording and playback equalization and a process to determine azimuth angle. Chapter eight describes basic technologies for mechanical and servo systems of the VTR, such as a transport mechanism for thin tape. Chapter nine considers editing interchangeability, which greatly affects the fundamentals of the VTR format plus the development of essential methods for the narrow track format, such as the adoption of a head pair configuration (a pair of heads which work like a single one), and the accommodation of the guard-band of editing points only. The VTR developed through this research realized high density recording of sufficient reliability for broadcasting use with 0.71 μm minimum recording wavelength and 18 μm track width (PAL version) under severe operating conditions. The maximum recording time was 245 minutes using an L-size cassette. The completed format was called «Format D-3» by SMPTE and standardized in June 1993. The studio machines are already being used by the BBC and other organizations and were used at the Barcelona Olympic Games in 1992 as the official VTR. Portable VTRs and camera-recorders are now being manufactured. The dream of a single format from ENG/EFP to studio production has thus been realized through format D-3


In Sweden the design of a community responsive public transportation for urban areas consists of, first, traditional fixed route service. This service, utilizing standard 12 meter (40-foot) buses designed to Swedish law, supports the needs of mass transportation for people with little or no mobility limitations. To facilitate boarding and alighting these vehicles, under Swedish law, relatively accessible, if some service-oriented measures are introduced. Second, services routes, operated with smaller 6-8 meter (20-26 foot) low floor buses, to serve seriously disabled persons who cannot cope with public transportation involving large vehicles, long distances to and from the bus stop, and the stresses encountered during the trip. These people either do not presently use public transportation, or can only use it with great difficulty. Thirdly, the special transportation system will be available for people who are so seriously handicapped that they require door-to-door transportation services. A community responsive public transportation systems means that each system can better meet the varying needs of different individuals with impaired physical strength and/or mental capacity.


OF THESIS COMPOST BEDDED PACK BARNS FOR DAIRY CATTLE: BEDDING PERFORMANCE AND MASTITIS AS COMPARED TO SAND FREESTALLS Lameness and mastitis are the two most costly diseases in the dairy industry. Reduction of these diseases through housing and management is beneficial. Compost bedded pack (CBP) and sand freestall barns were compared in a long-term, on-farm study to assess the effect of housing on each disease. Another research objective was to evaluate the effects of ambient weather conditions on moisture and 20 cm internal temperature of CBP. Compost bedded pack moisture, C:N ratio, and internal temperature effects on cleanliness, mastitis, and bedding bacterial counts were also considered. The last research objective was to evaluate the economics of bedding material decisions in CBP and provide a user-friendly decision support tool to predict bedding costs and usefulness.


In 1979 the Dow Chemical Company authorized $450 million of the capital to be spent on the Gulf Coast Power Conversion Project, the largest single power project Dow had ever built. This capital was to be spent phasing out less efficient gas-fired boilers at the Texas and Louisiana Divisions and integrating 910 MW of new gas turbine generation capacity into these manufacturing locations. Fuel cost savings were projected to be $200 million per year. Future plans involved utilization of Dow's extensive lignite holdings and then-developing gasification technology to provide our Gulf Coast manufacturing locations with low-cost energy on a long-term basis. Dow completed the installation of the gas turbine facilities in 1982. Now, after Dow's largest single research and development project ever, a price guarantee from the Synthetic Fuels Corporation has provided the incentive to build our first commercial gasifier in Plaquemine, Louisiana, the Dow Syngas Project. Western coal will be transported by rail to the plant site and the product, medium Btu syngas, will be used to fuel existing gas turbines. The output of this facility will be equivalent to 155 MW of net power production.


Approximate methods to full N-body simulations provide a fast and accurate solution to the development of mock catalogues for the modeling of galaxy clustering observables. In this paper we extend ICE-COLA (Izard et al. 2016), based on an optimized implementation of the approximate COLA method, to produce weak lensing maps and halo catalogues in the light cone using an integrated and self consistent approach. We show that despite the approximate dynamics, the catalogues thus produced enable an accurate modeling of weak lensing observables one decade beyond the characteristic scale where the growth becomes non-linear. In particular, we compare ICE-COLA to the MICE-GC N-body simulation for some fiducial cases representative of upcoming surveys and find that, for sources at redshift $z=1$, their convergence power spectra agree to within one percent up to high multipoles (i.e., of order $1000$). The corresponding shear two point functions, $\xi_{+}$ and $\xi_{-}$, yield similar accuracy down to $2$ and $20$ arcmin respectively, while tangential shear around a $z=0.5$ lens sample is accurate down to $4$ arcmin. We show that such accuracy is stable against an increased angular resolution of the weak lensing maps. Hence, this opens the possibility of using approximate methods for the joint modeling of galaxy clustering and weak lensing observables and their covariance in ongoing and future galaxy surveys.


"Creepypasta," short works of original horror fiction and frightening images created primarily by amateurs and shared in online communities of like-minded readers and writers, use the language of horror to encode and offer commentary on issues of contemporary concern. A close reading of an exemplary text, "Candle Cove," demonstrates how this and other similarly themed creepypasta represent vernacular contributions to discussions of young people's interactions with mass media that reflect a popular interest in both securing and disrupting the figure of the child constructed in media discourse.


The paper estimates Myanmar's export potential based on bilateral export patterns observed for six countries in Southeast Asia. Against that benchmark and controlling for outliers, Myanmar is found to be trading at about 15 per cent of its potential. The bulk of this gap is explained by low trade with industrialized countries. It is conjectured that economic reforms and integration with the world economy are likely to close this gap to potential rather swiftly, particularly if Myanmar can manage to capitalize on its favourable predisposition to international trade.


Stable metal (e.g. Li, Mg, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mo) and metalloid (B, Si, Ge) isotope ratio systems have emerged as geochemical tracers to fingerprint distinct physicochemical reactions. These systems are relevant to many Earth Science questions. The benefit of in situ microscale analysis using laser ablation (LA) over bulk sample analysis is to use the spatial context of different phases in the solid sample to disclose the processes that govern their chemical and isotopic compositions. However, there is a lack of  in  situ  analytical  routines  to  obtain  a  samples'  stable  isotope  ratio  together with  its  chemical composition. Here, we evaluate two novel analytical routines for the simultaneous determination of the chemical and Si stable isotope composition (δ30Si) on the micrometre scale in geological samples. In  both  routines,  multicollector  inductively  coupled  plasma  mass  spectrometry  (MC‐ICP‐MS)  is combined  with  femtosecond‐LA,  where  stable  isotope  ratios  are  corrected  for  mass  bias  using standard‐sample‐bracketing with matrix‐independent calibration. The first method is based on laser ablation split stream (LASS), where the laser aerosol is split and introduced simultaneously into both the  MC‐ICP‐MS  and  a  quadrupole  ICP‐MS.  The  second  method  is  based  on  optical  emission spectroscopy using direct observation of the MC‐ICP‐MS plasma (LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS|OES). Both methods are evaluated using international geological reference materials. Accurate and precise Si isotope ratios were obtained with an uncertainty typically better than 0.23 ‰, 2SD, δ30Si. With both methods major element concentrations (e.g., Na, Al, Si, Mg, Ca) can be simultaneously determined. However, LASS‐ ICP‐MS is superior over LA‐MC‐ICP‐MS|OES, which is limited by its lower sensitivity. Moreover, LASS‐ ICP‐MS offers trace element analysis down to the μg g‐1‐range for more than 28 elements due to lower limits of detection, and with  typical uncertainties better  than 15%. For  in  situ  simultaneous  stable isotope measurement and chemical composition analysis LASS‐ICP‐MS  in combination with MC‐ICP‐ MS is the method of choice.


INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF THE DORSAL FOOT SKIN DURING A STANDING VESTIBULAR PERTURBATION Meghan Carissa Yip Advisor: Dr. Leah R. Bent University of Guelph, 2015 The aim of this thesis was to examine the role of the dorsal foot skin during standing control. Our experiment addressed two specific objectives: i) to determine if cutaneous input from the dorsal feet alters the reflexive muscle responses elicited by a standing vestibular perturbation (short-latency and medium-latency responses) and ii) to determine if cutaneous input from the foot dorsum affects the postural response to a vestibular perturbation (centre of pressure and centre of mass). Cutaneous input from the dorsal feet was reduced using a topical anesthetic (two skin conditions: control and reduced). Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was used to deliver a vestibular perturbation while subjects stood with the head turned over the left shoulder for both skin conditions. The reflexive muscle responses to GVS were measured using surface electromyography. The anterior posterior movement elicited by GVS was captured using an AMTI force plate and Optotrak motion capture. Contrary to our hypotheses, sensory reweighting of the vestibular input expressed as an increased reflexive muscle response was not necessary to maintain standing equilibrium during the initial response to GVS. We found that subjects took longer to recover from the vestibular perturbation and re-establish equilibrium (centre of mass) when cutaneous input from the dorsal feet was reduced. Our results suggest that subjects compensated for the reduction in dorsal foot skin input by employing a cautious postural strategy. Cutaneous input from the dorsal feet is used to control body movement during the recovery from a standing vestibular perturbation.


Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders ASD often have social communication difficulties and/or display restrictive and repetitive behaviours. This paper focuses on the social communication difficulties and the design of a mobile application to be used as a communication tool between the autistic child and his/her caregivers. The advances in mobile ubiquitous technologies provide an opportunity to develop a tool to improve the social communication of the autistic child. Relevant design requirements were identified and incorporated into an application that is highly customisable. The application has undergone a usability inspection to collect feedback for further refinement.


In this paper, we present a study of low-level disk access patterns for three workloads for a variety of file systems. While there has been a great deal of work on disk architectures, there has been very little work measuring actual low-level disk access. We have extended previous work to also consider different file systems to examine their effect on the workload. The analysis is done based on traces of disk access that have been captured at the driver level just before the data is transferred to disk. The workloads we examined were an email server, file server emulation and a database server and each workload was regenerated for different file systems. We found that depending on the workload, the access patterns could be read dominated or write dominated. The frequency of access in some cases was very high – with inter-arrival times well under 5ms. We also examined the burstiness behavior and read/write distribution. We found that the choice of file system was for the most part insignificant but in some cases can greatly influence the access characteristics. We believe the resulting traces and summary analysis can be used by storage system designers in their analysis of file system and disk organization designs. The consideration of file system also allows storage system designers to consider the style of file system when making design choices.


Ruminal motility and ruminal fluid foam stability, expansion and strength measurements were made on steers during the 1976-77 wheat pasture grazing season. Both the amplitude and frequency of ruminal contractions of steers on wheat pasture were generally increased, and did not indicate that reduced ruminal motility is a predisposing etiological factor in the bloating of wheat pasture stockers. Measurements of rumina 1fluid foam stability, expansion and strength, taken as indices of the likelihood that stockers would bloat, did change significantly over the wheat pasture grazing period. However, multiple chemical components of wheat forage accounted for only 50.1 percent of the variation observed in the ruminal fluid stability measurements, and therefore would have low predictive value.


SUICIDE IN THE UNITED STATES Suicide rates have increased significantly since 1999 in 44 states, with rates exceeding 30% in 25 states. In 2016, the United States experienced 45 000 suicides (15.6/100 000). In addition, emergency department visits for nonfatal selfharm, a major risk of suicide, have increased 42% since 2001. Suicide rates have increased for bothmen andwomen, in all racial and ethnic groups, with the largest absolute rate increase in adults aged 45 to 64 years. Almost half of the suicide deaths did not have a known mental health condition. However, these persons experienced greater relationship problems and/or loss, life stressors (civil and legal, eviction or loss of home), and recent or impending crisis. Persons with mental health conditions had similar circumstantial stressors, with nearly half receiving treatment when they died and two-thirds having a history of mental health or substance use disorders. Living location appears to also be a significant factor. For example, suicide rate for District of Columbia (2014Y 2016) was 6.9, compared with Montana with a 29.2 per 100 000 persons. From theNational Violent ReportingDeath Reporting System data for 27 states in 2015 (for groups with and without known mental health condition), male gender, white/non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, and history of military service are significant factors associatedwith suicide. Nearly 49% of suicides used a firearm, and for 28.9%, the method was hanging, strangulation, or suffocation.Nearly 15%used poisoning. The substance classes causing death included over-the-counter medications (34%), followed by opioids (31.4%), antidepressants (34.6%), and benzodiazepines (20.8%). Suicide attempts (SAs) are particularly significant for whitemales (48.7/100 000), which is 4 times the nation's age-adjusted rate of 11.1 per 100 000. In 2013, suicide exceeded motor vehicle accidents as the leading cause of injury death in the United States. Increasing rates are due in part to the rise in suicide by hanging/suffocation (52%) and to poisoning (19%). Suicide by hanging/suffocation increased 104% for those aged 45 to 59 years and increased steadily in all age groups except for persons older than 70 years. The largest increase in poisoning (85%) occurred in persons aged 60 to 69 years. Case fatality rates for suicide by hanging/suffocation for 2000Y2010 ranged from 69% to 84%, similar to rates for suicide by a firearm. Mechanisms for asphyxiation in 16 states are also part of the National Violent Reporting Death Reporting System report. For 2005 to 2014, the rate of suicide by asphyxiation increased by 45.7%Vfrom 2.45 to 3.57 per 100 000 persons, with 25 270 asphyxiation suicides. Most decedents were male (79.9%), white, non-Hispanic (76.8%), and 90.7% involved hanging (n = 22 931). The 3 most commonly used means for hanging were power or extension cords (n = 1834), bedding (n = 873), and animal ropes (n = 578). Themost common anchor points were trees (n = 2215), beams (n = 2014), and closets (n = 209), and 75.9% occurred in a home or apartment. Responding to the increasing risk of suicide for older adults, as well as the rise in hanging/suffocation and selfpoisoning, is difficult. Risk assessment tools and evidencebased interventions to prevent suicide are scarce. Limited evidence suggests the most effective depression and suicidal screening as well as prevention and therapy takes placewithin a primary care setting.While pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, counseling, education, and group activities all have benefits, these benefits appear somewhat less robust compared with these interventions provided within primary care setting. A word of caution is needed here; the evidence supportingprimary care screening and intervention is weak at best. Well-designed trials are needed to really evaluate effectiveness of any screening and intervention(s). Author Affiliation: Nurse Researcher, Center of Nursing Excellence, Premier Health, Miami Valley Hospital, Dayton, Ohio. The author reports no conflicts of interest. Correspondence: Patricia AnneO'Malley, PhD, RN, CNS, PremierHealth, Miami Valley Hospital, 1 Wyoming St, Dayton, OH 45409 (pomalley@ premierhealth.com; firstname.lastname@example.com). DOI: 10.1097/NUR.0000000000000403


Many deep spatio-temporal learning methods have been proposed for crowd flow modeling in recent years. However, most of them focus on designing a spatial and temporal convolution mechanism to aggregate information from nearby nodes and historical observations for a pre-defined prediction task. Different from the existing research, this paper aims to provide a generic and dynamic representation learning method for crowd flow modeling. The main idea of our method is to maintain a continuous-time representation for each node, and update the representations of all nodes continuously according to the streaming observed data. Along this line, a particular encoder-decoder architecture is proposed, where the encoder converts the newly happened transactions into a timestamped message, and then the representations of related nodes are updated according to the generated message. The role of the decoder is to guide the representation learning process by reconstructing the observed transactions based on the most recent node representations. Moreover, a number of virtual nodes are added to discover macro-level spatial patterns and also share the representations among spatially-interacted stations. Experiments have been conducted on two real-world datasets for four popular prediction tasks in crowd flow modeling. The result demonstrates that our method could achieve better prediction performance for all the tasks than baseline methods.


In this paper, a predatorprey model with discrete and distributed delays is investigated. The necessary and sufficient of the stable equilibrium point for this model is studied. Further, analyzed the associated characteristic equation. And, it is found that Hopf bifurcation occurs when τ crosses some critical value. Last, an example showed the feasibility of results.


This is a case study into two accidents which occurred in South East London in 1995 and 1996. The two accidents highlight the problem of approaching a stationary vehicle on a fast major road or motorway, in good visibility conditions. The drivers involved, although apparently alert, did not perceive the stationary vehicles as hazards until it was too late. (A) For the covering abstract see ITRD E107650.


We compare elastic optical networks with multi-flow optical transponders (MF-OTPs) to networks with fixed-rate and adaptive-rate transponders in terms of spectrum efficiency (SE) and necessary number of transponders. Our evaluation shows that the elastic optical network with MF-OTPs achieves high SE and low transponder numbers.


Resource mining has lead to a lot of land lacking of productivity and regional ecological environment deteriorating. Land reclamation is one type of path to restore the ecological condition and keep the regional sustainable development. The suitability evaluation for land reclamation can provide a base for determining the reasonable land use mode. The traditional method cannot meet the demand of land reclamation, so the variable weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is adopted in this paper to study the suitability evaluation for land reclamation based on GIS. The research showed that studied result is reasonable and the classification degree for the level of suitability is consistent with the real situation of land reclamation, which is helpful for decision-making. In addition, this method can suit for the change of factor configuration and handle with large-scale data automatically based on GIS


Salt tolerance of segregating progenies of a cross between a domesticated salt sensitive tomato cultivar (CA4) and a natural salt-tolerant wild-type tomato species (LA1606) was characterized. The F1 plants from this cross were selfed and 120 F2 segregating progenies from the resulting population along with parental CA4 and LA1606 plants were evaluated for salt tolerance. These plants were irrigated everyday with 185 mM NaCl for 82 days and quantitative traits were quantified including number of flowers, fruit number, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, fruit set percentage, and total yield. The two parental lines were evaluated for the presence of 27 seven independent RAPD markers and 7 markers were found to be polymorphic for the two genotypes. Bulk Segregant (BSA) analyses consisting of pooling 10 "most tolerant" and 10 "most sensitive" F2 segregating plants showed association of two RAPD polymorphic markers with higher salt tolerance. Two DNA markers that exhibit co-segregation with salt tolerance were identified and characterized. RAPD marker OPX-17 and MRTOMR-022 exhibited 2 positive molecule markers (polymorphism) which were found only in the resistant parent (LA1606) and resistant F2 bulk.


The disclosed subject matter relates to encourage individuals associated with leadership roles related to the topic of the online population. In an innovative aspect, the disclosed subject matter can be embodied in methods. The method comprising: determining a leading score corresponding to the individual. The leadership score corresponding to the degree of correlation between leadership role associated with personal and relevant to the topic of the online population. The method further comprises: based on providing leadership score to be sent to the individual's invitation to users in leadership roles associated with the online group. The method further comprising: receiving an indication of accepting the invitation. The method further comprising: receiving an indication based on the received associated with the leadership role related to the topic of online group assigned to individuals.


The performance of image feature points extraction determinces the efficiency of image matching.This paper proposes a SIFT algorithm based on multiscale space.The algorithm has better adaptility for image rotation,scaling zoom and brightness varirent.This paper analyses the basic model of SIFT and the access of key points on location,scale and direction parameter based on scale space.Experiments show that the algorithm has high accuracy for the access of the feature points information on scale,orientation and size in different scale space.It also has strong stability and robustness.


Board's unskilful intervention; if the Board created a danger they must protect the public from it; and if they discovered a hidden danger in the course of effecting repairs, then they may perhaps be under a duty to remove it. Finding no evidence that the looseness was apparent, he held that the Board did not in fact know, or have reasonable grounds for supposing, that a positive danger existed, and even if it had been apparent to them that it was in fact dangerous, they had no duty to protect the public—particularly having regard to the knowledge of the Corporation. Tucker L.J., however, agreed with Humphreys J. that the Board knew or should have known the pavement's condition, but he pointed out that Humphreys J. overlooked the fact that the Corporation were equally aware of it, and, consequently, the Board were under no duty to report the condition to the Corporation. He seems to limit Evershed L.J.'s conclusion to the case where the Board may assume the Corporation's knowledge. The House of Lords upheld the Court of Appeal on the grounds that there was no reason for the Board to suspect danger from the percolating water. No views were expressed on Evershed L.J.'s conclusion nor on its limitation by Tucker, L.J., but Lord Porter suggests it is arguable that, if the Board had known of the danger, they would have been under a duty to warn the public, whether the Corporation knew or not. Lord du Parcq seems to prefer the view that if the Corporation knew, the Board could not be liable. It was further held that a statutory authority, acting under statutory powers, cannot be liable in nuisance unless negligence is established, quoting the authority of Lord Blackburn in Geddis v. Proprietors of Bann Reservoir (1878) 3 App.Cas. 430 at p. 455. J. A.


Classification is an important branch of machine learning.It remains a hot issue how to attain a better classification with less labeled data in recent research.Traditional semi-supervised classification can take advantage of the training samples,either labeled or unlabeled,but ignores related non-samples,called the Universum.Combining the advantage of traditional semi-supervised methods and the Universum,Semi-Supervised Classification with the Universum(SSCU)via linear regression and subspace learning,can effectively improve the classification of original high-dimensional data adding no labels.The effectiveness is verified by both simulation and real-world data.


We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of different antithrombotic strategies in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) using network meta‐analyses.


Dinitrogen tetroxide was easily impregnated on activated charcoal to give a stable heterogeneous reagent (N 2 O 4 /charcoal). The chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides in the presence of different sensitive functional groups was achieved using this reagent in CH 2 Cl 2 at room temperature. Dialkyl sulfides were also selectively converted to their corresponding sulfoxides in the presence of diaryl or alkyl-aryl sulfides. Oxidation of disulfides to thiosulfonates without any over oxidation was also performed at room temperature by this system.


A review of the book "The Spaces of the Modern City: Imaginaries, Politics & Everyday LIfe," edited by Gyan Prakash and Kevin M. Kruse is presented.


Love can surpass everything,including death,which is the common theme embodied in the Chinese classic"Butterfly Love"(Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai) and the British classic "Romeo and Juliet".The tragic effects produced and the deep implications conveyed by the sad denouements of the two stories are compared and contrasted,covering aspects such as Chinese and Western culture,the background of the times,national aesthetic standard and the writing style of the authors.


Purpose This paper aims to comprehensively and systematically review the state of customer relationship management (CRM) research on hospitality and propose future research agenda. Design/methodology/approach All hospitality-related CRM articles since its introduction as a concept in 1988 were collected. The retrieved articles were then chronologically and thematically analyzed. Findings Hospitality CRM research has rapidly grown from the initial relationship marketing concept into social CRM. Five research foci were identified including CRM planning and implementation process, organizational support, technology and tools, customer perspectives and characteristics, and outcome and impact. Three potential pitfalls were observed in the existing literature. A comprehensive research framework incorporating the five research domains and three key players was proposed. Practical implications Hospitality practitioners should take an integrated perspective on the five major domains of CRM and the three key player...


This paper reports on crack-free SBN (Sr{sub x}Ba{sub 1{minus}x}Nb{sub 2}O{sub 6}) thin films that have been prepared by a sol-gel method with metal alkoxides. A homogeneous and stable precursor solution was obtained from Sr and Ba metal and Nb(OEt){sub 5} in ethanol with a key additive of ethoxyethanol. SBN (where x = 0.5) powder crystallized to orthorhombic phase at 700{degrees}C, and then transformed completely to tetragonal phase at 1200{degrees}C. The formation of tetragonal SBN was observed on sapphire (R) substrates at 700{degrees}C, whereas the tetragonal phase began to appear in the powders at 1000{degrees}C. SBN films with highly preferred orientation were successfully synthesized on MgO (100) substrates at 670{degrees}C.


Security attack detection aims for low false positive rate and high true positive rate. Existing approaches often have a trade off be-tween false positive rate and true positive rate. We present a hybrid approach to security attack detection in containerized applications with the goal of significantly reducing the false positive rate while maintaining a high true positive rate. Our initial experiments show hybrid approach can reduce false positive rate by 51.4% while only reduce true positive rate by 6.3%.


Abstract The Media Office of the Ministry of Education is about to conclude a comprehensive project shared by 45 schools and educational institutions which have profited by the challenge of working with multimedia in education. The Media Office has granted support for the supplies of multimedia programs, instruction in the use of programs, and the report procedure. At present the reports are under evaluation, and a collective assessment is due towards the end of 1993.


Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by brachydactyly, short stature, joint stiffness, cardiovascular abnormalities, and eye anomalies including microspherophakia, cataracts, ectopia lentis, myopia, and secondary glaucoma. Patients with incomplete WMS signs are diagnosed with WeillMarchesani-like syndrome (WMS-like). To date, both autosomal dominant (AD) and autosomal recessive (AR) inheritance modes have been reported for WMS. Genetic heterogeneity inWMS suggests a connection between these genes. AR and AD WMS cannot be distinguished clearly by clinical findings alone. Furthermore, inter-familial as well as intra-familial clinical variability due to different fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1) mutations also exists. The clinical heterogeneity and incomplete penetrance of FBN1 gene mutations can usually present a diagnostic dilemma for WMS. Here, we report the genetic analysis and clinical observations of a Chinese family affected with AD WMSlike due to a heterozygous mutation in FBN1 using wholeexome sequencing. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital Authority of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and the association for research in vision and ophthalmology statement on human subjects. Written informed consent was obtained from the family for publication of this study and any accompanying images.


ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work will accelerate the translation of post stroke rehabilitation devices from the research lab to clinic use. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Rehabilitation device efficacy alone does not lead to adoption into clinical practice. The objective of this work was to increase understanding of the landscape for clinical adoption of post-stroke physical rehabilitation devices. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted interviews with 107 stakeholders including patients who have had strokes, rehab directors, and physical/occupational therapists to understand their viewpoints for adopting new rehabilitation devices. To contribute to previous literature, interviews were analyzed qualitatively using direct content analysis to provide more specific details about the most appropriate adoption settings, specific roles for stakeholders, and drivers for all stakeholders involved in the adoption process. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Unique to this work, care settings in which therapy goals are best aligned for restorative devices were found to be outpatient rehabilitation, followed by inpatient rehabilitation. Therapists are the major influencers for adoption because they typically introduce new rehabilitation devices to patients for both clinic and home use. We also learned therapists' utilization rate of a rehabilitation device influences a rehabilitation director's decision to acquire the device for facility use. Additionally, device setup in <7 minutes will allow for increased use without reducing therapist productivity. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Rehabilitation device development should consider the best settings to first introduce the device, roles of each stakeholder, and drivers that influence each stakeholder to accelerate successful adoption of the developed device.


Japan government began to implement the legal personalization reform in national universities in April,2004.For this purpose,a series of reform strategies were put forward in Nagoya University,including strengthening the structural reform of the principal's organizational running structure,reforming financial system and obtaining the competitive funding positively.The administrative reforms in Nagoya University are characterized of management,mainly by means of enhancing management to further comprehensive reform and improve teaching quality and effectiveness.Nagoya University's experience has some implication to Chinese university system reform.


An array display interface of a demonstration system comprises a plurality of data units, a main switch element, a plurality of line switch elements, a plurality of column switch elements and a plurality of grid switch elements. The data units are arranged on the display interface and demonstration data are written into the data units in advance. The user operates the demonstration system on the computer, ensures the speaker of the demonstration to selectively present the demonstration contents to attract the listeners to concentrate on the speech by clicking the above switch elements to selectively switch the functions of displaying, hiding or highlighting all the data units, the whole line of data units, the whole column of data units or the single data unit, so that the speaker of the demonstration can well interact with the listeners in the course of demonstration.


Tests are described on an orifice hot-wire probe suitable for wall pressure fluctuation measurements. The probe was found to respond to the true pressure for both acoustic and turbulent flow excitation, with a useful frequency response up to 5 kHz in air at atmospheric pressure. A traversing pair of probes proved to be accurate for the measurement of wall pressure correlations in lowspeed air flows.


The bleeding due to honvan therapy is an extremely rare side effect, and the following case is the third report following Schwerdtfeger's and Balogh's case. S.O., a 58-year-old man. For 2 years the patient suffered from prostatic cancer and bone metastasis. Following castration, the injection of honvan was given the patient for the period from. May 2, 1961 through May 26, 1962 in the following manners; the 1st course 250 mg per day 20 times, the 2nd course 250 mg per day 15 times, the 3rd course 250 mg per week 12 times. Each course brought a good effect and the size of prostate was reduced. Besides complaints around his loin and chest became less and less, and the serum acid phosphatase, which had been high in the early stage (2.55 BL units), finally returned to the normal level.


Compensatory control theory proposes that people can compensate for a loss of personal control through endorsement of external sources of structure like ideologies. Social identity and selfcategorization theories provide evidence that ideologies, as group-based beliefs, are endorsed more strongly by highly identified group members compared to those lower in identification. The present studies integrate these perspectives in order to investigate the use of ideology as a source of compensation. In all three studies a group-based control threat (vs. control boost) was employed to manipulate the perceived personal control of women participants. Study 1 (N = 151) investigated the potential interaction of threat and identification on the endorsement of gender egalitarianism and benevolent sexism. Study 2 (N = 161) investigated the degree to which identification and threat interacted to predict perceptions of order and structure for a genderequal society, and whether these perceptions affect support for gender egalitarianism (a moderated-mediation model was tested). Study 3 (N = 190) investigated the degree to which identification and threat interacted to predict perceived personal control following a group-based threat to personal control, and the indirect effect of threat on perceived control through the endorsement of gender egalitarianism (a moderated-mediation model was tested). Across all 3 studies results revealed significant interactions between gender identification and a group-based threat to control on ideology endorsement, perceived structure of social relations, and perceived personal control. The integration of these theoretical perspectives on control threat, identification, and ideology is proposed as a more specific account of control compensation.


In order to give full play to the advantages of RFID technology and improve the quality of logistics warehousing management, this paper studies the application of RFID technology in logistics warehousing. Firstly, RFID technology is studied, and the principle, advantages and application fields of RFID technology are pointed out. Then, it expounds the specific application of RFID technology in enter-warehouse management, in-warehouse management, out-of-warehouse management, transfer and stock transfer, inventory check.


Terbinafine is a broad-spectrum antifungal drug. The aim of the research was to develop and describe a Terbinafine emulgel using Carbopol 934 and HPMC K15M as a gelling agent. By avoiding the first pass metabolism, the objective behind the formulation was to avoid dosing frequency and to increase the stability and bioavailability. All the excipients were tested for compatibility study with drug, which revealed that there was no physical and chemical interaction occurred. The physicochemical properties of the developed emulgels were evaluated, such as colour, homogeneity, consistency, spreadability, pH value, rheological behaviour, drug content, drug release, and stability. The stability and particle size are being determined by zeta potential. In-vitro drug release permeation research studies using Franz-Diffusion cell. Carbopol 934 based emulgel formulations showed highest drug release in comparison with corresponding HPMC K15M based formulations. The highest drug release 89.97%was found in formulations of F7, which follows nonfickian mechanism. Study concludes that of Terbinafine can be delivered effectively by emulgel formulations.


1. Title of the thesis : "A Study on Impact of Front Line Demonstration on Area and Productivity of Wheat growers in Jabalpur district (M.P.) " 2. Full name and address of student : Kalpana Kumari, Near Budhiya School, New Area Morabadi, Ranchi, (Jharkhand) PIN-834008 Contact no.:9308773262 e-mail:email@example.com 3. Name and address of major advisor : Dr. V.K. Pyasi, Professor, Department of Extension Education, College of Agriculture, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur 482004 (M.P.) Contact no.:9424309922 4. Degree awarded : M.Sc. (Ag.) 5. Year of award of degree : 2015 6. Major subject : Agriculture Extension Education 7. Total number of pages in the thesis : 8. Number of words in the abstract : Dr. V. K. Pyasi Signature Kalpana Kumari Major Advisor Professor Professor & Head/Section Student


The environment surrounding enterprises is complex and rapidly changing. To supply superior products at the optimum timing and achieve continuous evolution, enterprises must clearly visualize and manage complex product development processes by considering the quality, cost, speed, and environment. To address these needs, we have initiated two activities that focus on the level of process maturity based on Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). The first activity is for standardizing new development processes with low maturity to obtain a certification of environment friendliness. The second activity is for handling existing development processes with high maturity. In this paper, we describe these two activities and introduce project management tools that support project tasks such as progress management.


Presently a day, noise contamination is definitely not another issue for the everyday person, particularly in most modern towns what're more, metropolitans' urban areas. Noise Pollution implies any solid that is undesired by the beneficiary. The impact of sound on people relies on its recurrence. Human ears are known to be touchy to a very wide scope of force differed from 0 to 180 dB. The noise is created by the human through different ways. In a current exploration article, different wellsprings of noise contamination, estimation of clamor, dB scale, kinds of gear utilized in the estimation of clamor levels, effects of clamor, unfriendly wellbeing impacts of noise contamination, control of indoor noise, control advances accessible for noise contamination and Indian punitive codes to forestall Noise Pollution are the primary concerns of focal points of consideration. Noise must be controlled and forestalled by utilizing different viable methods at the actual source is the present need. The goal of this work is to think about the different methods of the age of clamor, their impacts on people, its avoidance and control. Cite as Dipalben B. Patel, & Hitesh Kumar A. Solanki. (2021). Effects of Noise Pollution on Human Health. Research and Reviews: Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3(1), 1–5. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4659637


The previous analytical target cascading(ATC) method is fixed to hierarchical multidisciplinary design optimization(MDO) problems and the design targets can be only set at the first level.Design targets are introduced at each sub-system of non-hierarchical MDO problems and decomposition and coordination strategy is used,an improved analytical target cascading(IATC) method is presented.IATC is a two level MDO method,and the consistency among all sub-systems is achieved through the system level problem and sub-system level problems being solved alternately.Two typical analytical test problems are adopted to verify the effectiveness of this method and a phenomenon is found that error gets larger and computation cost gets lower along with the step size increases.


Modern methods of mathematical modelling of operation processes of a diesel engine are considered, the review of mathematical models used for modelling is carried out. Analysis of possibilities of modern program complexes for modelling the operation processes occurring in diesel engines is resulted.


The reasons of frequent tube burst of the high temperature reheater in a supercritical 600 MW unit were systematically investigated via the examination of macroscopic inspection, chemical composition, mechanical properties, microstructures, scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectroscopy detection. It is demonstrated that the tube burst of the high temperature reheater results from not only design factors, but also manufacture quality. Due to the absence of solid solution treatment in spare elbow, the inner dislocations and residual stress increase obviously, which accelerates the precipitation of carbide containing Cr and the formation of Cr depleted zone on grain boundary(GB) subsequently, leading to the decrease of GB corrosion resistance and the final leakage of high temperature reheater tube induced by intergranular corrosion.


The complexity of modes of operation of energy systems with distributed generation requires new analyses methods which take into account the modes of distributed generation sources operation. The analyses and optimization methods presented in this paper allow to perform analyses and optimization in the real time taking into account power quality issues from different types of distributed generation sources.


This study measures the influence of e-service quality on e-satisfaction, thereby affecting the e-loyalty of young people when shopping online on Shopee Vietnam. The purpose of this study is to provide knowledge to better understand the most important aspects of e-service quality that affect youth satisfaction, thereby affecting loyalty. This study uses qualitative research method combined with quantitative research method. The study conducted a survey on 250 users of Shopee e-commerce site. The results show that e-service quality has a significant impact on e-satisfaction in using the Shopee e-commerce platform, and satisfaction has an impact on loyalty. In which, the factor that has the greatest impact on e-satisfaction is Fulfillment.


Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on four-body equation. It discusses the equivalence of Yakubovski equation and six coupled equations. It gives an expression for the wave function of the four-body system referring to the final state interactions. The equivalence of the Alt–Grassberger–Sandhas equation to the Yakubovski equation is discussed. An equation is derived which is a natural extention of the three-body Faddeev equation. Seven coupled equations are also described.


Regional universities form an important component of higher education in China.Due to economic and social factors,the development of regional universities is faced with many difficulties.Under the guidance of cooperation and coexistence notion of ecology,the paper puts forward the idea that cooperation will promote the development of regional universities and competition will enable them to flourish with their own characteristics.


Styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)/Na+-montmorillonite(MMT)and styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)/organomontmorillonite(OMMT)composites were prepared by two roll blending method.The dispersion of layered clay in SBR matrix were characterized by TEM.The results of TEM showed that OMMT dispersed uniformly in the SBR matrix while MMT conglomerated severely.The effcct of MMT and OMMT on the mechanical properties and cure characteristics of SBR were studied.Mechanical tests showed that OMMT has a excellent reinforcing effect on SBR,which mainly contribute to a better compatibility between OMMT and SBR molecular chains.OMMT and MMT exhibited two different effects on the vulcanization properties,OMMT behaved as an effective accelerant agent for SBR vulcanization by decreasing the Ts(scorch time),T90(time for 90% cure)and incresaing VC(cure rate index).


PURPOSE: A grip holding fixture of a golf club is provided, which achieves stable swing by making fingers adhered closely to a grip effectively. CONSTITUTION: A grip holding fixture of a golf club includes first and second rings, and a band member. At least one finger is adheres closely to a grip. The first and the second ring members are inserted in the grip of the golf club and maintains interval between them. In the band member(13), the first ring member is fixed to and combined with one end. The other end of the band member is inserted in the second ring member and is arranged to be overlapped toward one side of the band member.