The municipality as space and municipal policies aimed at quality basic education are discussed. As a methodology, several studies that focus on educational policies implemented in municipal network systems of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, are reviewed through a re-assessment of multiple cases in which interviews were made and documents analyzed. Current paper analyzesdifferent forms of exercise of local political autonomy in municipal policies on education, based on occurrences identified in the different cases which caused discontinuities. Results show the need for institutionalization as a dimension of local political autonomy and as a relevant factor to contain the discontinuity flow thatdisruptsthe projects for quality municipal education. The educational policies linked to the Instituto Ayrton Senna are focused.


RESUMO Estuda e define a validade, vigencia e eficacia das normas juridicas, considerando ser esta ultima o aspecto mais importante e dificil do trabalho, pois, enquanto alguns afirmam que vigencia e eficacia se confundem (positivistas), outros entendem inexistir diferenca entre validade e eficacia (realistas). Considera que, se o julgador esta obrigado a aplicar normas validas e vigentes, os conceitos de vigencia e eficacia se confundem, visto que o magistrado jamais podera afastar a aplicabilidade da norma juridica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Teoria do Direito; validade; vigencia; eficacia; norma juridica; magistrado; positivismo analitico; teoria do realismo. THOUGHTS ON THE VALIDITY, IN-FORCE PERIOD AND EFFECTIVENESS OF LEGAL RULESABSTRACT  The author assesses and defines validity, in-force period, and effectiveness of legal rules, considering that the latter is the most important and difficult element in the paper, because whereas some people claim that the in-force period and effectiveness are mixed (positivists), others believe there is no difference between validity and effectiveness (realists). He believes that since judges must apply valid and in-force rulings, the concepts of in-force period and effectiveness intermingle, as magistrates may never exclude the application of the legal rule. KEYWORDS Law Theory; validity; in-force period; effectiveness; legal rule; magistrate/ judge; analytical positivism; theory of realism.


In this paper a lithium-ion battery State-of-Health (SoH) estimation method denoted Partial Charging Method (PCM) is proposed. The method is applied to Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt (NMC) battery cells exposed to cycling and calendar aging at 11 different test conditions. The influence of partial charging voltage intervals and charging rate on the SoH estimation error has been investigated. The results indicate that the PCM is independent on the charging rate and the aging conditions, and a SoH estimation Root-Mean-Square-Error of 2.4% is achieved.


The shaker modulation technique is demonstrated for ultrabroadband detection of terahertz (THz) radiation with a low-temperature-grown GaAs photoconductive (PC) antenna gated with 15 fs laser pulses. The differentiation of the time-resolved waveforms with the shaker modulation is advantageous to enhance the high-frequency components of the detected radiation without degrading the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) because the PC response function determined by the temporal profile of the gating carrier number rapidly decreases with the increase in frequency. With the quantitative comparison of SNR between PC and electro-optic detection, the PC detection of radiation with the shaker modulation technique is promising for further spectroscopic application. The detection of radiation up to 60 THz is demonstrated.


The education of parents to the danger of accidental poisoning is an important aspect of office and clinic pediatrics. Since this preventive instruction can be time-consuming and incomplete in the usual medical interview, attention is called to the simple device of a display cabinet in the waiting room. In the display used in our clinic, the upper shelf shows common items actually ingested by our patients; the middle shelf contains those responsible for fatalities; the lower shelf demonstrates some of the discomforting elements of treatment.
 The effectiveness of this exhibit has been attested to by a decreased incidence of poisonings and continued parental interest in the information presented.


Abstract Background Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who have poor glycemic control are at increased risk for macrovascular and microvascular disease. The growing body of cardiovascular (CV) and renal outcomes data for newer agents such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists has shifted management approaches toward therapies that provide extra glycemic benefits in addition to glucose-lowering ability. The rapidly evolving role of these new agents and new data on the potential role of a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonist/GLP-1 agonist combination agent may create confusion among healthcare professionals (HCPs) treating patients with T2D. Greater competence is needed on the actions and clinical applications of current and emerging incretin-based therapies. Therefore, Clinical Care Options (CCO) created a series of online-based microlearning modules on the topic of incretin therapy in patients with T2D and cardiometabolic comorbidities for HCPs. This ongoing program, which was supported by an unrestricted medical education grant, is providing us with rich outcomes data that characterizes HCPs' learning and current knowledge gaps regarding the use of incretins in patients with T2D. Aim The goal of this analysis was to determine the interim educational impact as well as remaining knowledge gaps among HCPs following education on incretin therapies. This information could inform future medical education that closes knowledge gaps and arms HCPs with the tools to effectively manage patients with T2D. Methods CCO produced an online educational program on incretin therapies, released in August 2021. We used pre/post questions to mine data on HCPs' gaps. Questions measuring HCPs' knowledge and competence were asked at baseline ("pre") and then repeated after the education was delivered ("post"). To uncover key educational gaps, we identified questions with the lowest correct responses at baseline as well as persistence of incorrect responses post education. Interim Results HCP Demographics N = 9837; MD: 61%; RPh: 10%; NP/PA: 12%; RN: 5%; other HCP: 5%, non-HCP: 8% Baseline and Remaining Gaps Incretin-based questions with topics including GLP-1 effects on glucose homeostasis, metabolic effects of GIP/GLP-1 coagonists, and the A1C-lowering ability of tirzepatide all scored <50% at baseline. Following education, the GLP-1 effect on glucose homeostasis increased only slightly from 36% to 40%, and the metabolic effects of GIP/GLP-1 coagonists increased from 19% to 54%, indicating that HCPs still struggle with understanding the effects of these agents. Conclusions This analysis demonstrates that HCPs who care for patients with T2D have significant knowledge gaps in the effects of newer incretin agents. As guidelines are placing more emphasis on the use of newer incretin agents as first-line therapy, HCPs must have the knowledge and competence of their actions to initiate incretin therapy in the primary care setting. Comparison to a similar program with an alternative format may provide further insight. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.


In this study, an experiment on communication and problem solving in face-to-face communication and computermediated communication was conducted. The latter was performed in two variants; subjects writing under their own name or subjects writing anonymously. The problems were a Social Dilemma problem and a Criminal Puzzle problem. The theoretical starting point was if, and how, the communication form influences social relations, communication equality and communication processes. A qualitative analysis showed that different problems were related to different patterns of the variables studied. The computer-mediated communication solving the Criminal Puzzle problem induced relatively greater idea generation that was not responded to, while the face-toface communication was associated with relatively more answers. In the Social Dilemma, feedback was relatively more common in face-to-face communication than in computermediated communication. To 'give information about the game' was relatively more common in t...


The present invention discloses a steam condensate heat exchanger system with an automatic dosing device, which belongs to the chemical processing field, comprising: a condenser, a condensate competent, pumps, dosing devices, control valves, condensate manifold and heat exchanger ; one end of said steam condensate supervisor has entrance from the entrance of steam, condensate pump and condenser competent successively communicating, executives and condensate pump outlet and another end connected to a set of parallel condensate manifold communicating It is connected to the said condensate manifold heat exchanger and condensate manifolds terminals communicate with each other, and connected by a connecting end of the pipe with the user; the present invention may be implemented to control the dosing valve opening automatically adjusted in real time to solve Depending on the location of the heat exchanger, the flow of their different dosage from the dosing device caused by heat can not be farther dosing problems.


Predation,searching rate and intraspecific interference of Misumenops tricuspidatus and Pardosa astrigera to Atractomorpha sinensis from waterlogging vegetable fileds were studied.Functional response of Misumenops tricuspidatus and Pardosa astrigera to Atractomorpha sinensis were fitted well with Holling's type Ⅱ.Searching rate of Misumenops tricuspidatus was Sm=0.033 6/(1+0.005 4N),of Pardosa astrigera was Sp=0.287 6/(1+0.025 3 N).The intraspecific interference moddle of Misumenops tricuspidatus and Pardosa astrigera were Em=0.026 2·P-0.279 1 and Ep=0.407 2·P-1.152 7 respectively,The scrambling competition(I) were Im=0.504 7logP+0.018 8 and Ip=0.884 8logP+0.035 6 respectively.


The French water law of 1992 requires that regulations on water use and water management be negotiated collectively and locally in each river sub-basin. Decision-makers therefore need new tools to guide the negotiation process which will take place between water users. A formal computable bargaining model of multilateral negotiations is applied to the Adour Basin case, in the South West of France, with seven aggregate players (three "farmers", two "environmental lobbies", the water manager, the taxpayer) and seven negotiation variables (three individual irrigation quotas, the price of water, the sizes of three dams). The farmers' utility functions are estimated with hydraulic and economic models. A sensibility analysis is conducted to quantify the impact of the negotiation structure (political weights of players, choice of players...) on game outcomes. The relevance of the bargaining models as negotiation-support tools is assessed.


Cell death via apoptosis induced by tumour necrosis factor- a (TNF- a ) plays an important role in many physiological and pathological conditions. The signal transduction pathway activated by this cytokine is known to be regulated by several intracellular messengers. In particular, in many systems nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to protect cells from TNF- a -induced apoptosis. However, whether NO can be generated by the cytokine to down-regulate its own apoptotic programme has never been studied. We have addressed this question in HeLa Tet-off cell clones stably transfected with the endothelial NO synthase under a tetracycline-responsive promoter. Endothelial NO synthase, induced about 100-fold in these cells by removal of the antibiotic, retained the characteristics of the native enzyme of endothelial cells, both in terms of intracellular localisation and functional activity. Expression of the endothelial NO synthase was sufficient to protect from TNF- a induced apoptosis. This protection was mediated by the generation of NO. TNF- a stimulated endothelial NO synthase activity to generate NO through a pathway involving its lipid messenger, ceramide. Our results identify a novel mechanism of regulation of a signal transduction pathway activated by death receptors and suggest that NO may constitute a built-in mechanism by which TNF- a controls its own apoptotic programme. and incubated with MTT (2.4 mM) for a further 3 h. Conversion of MTT into its derivative formazan by mitochondrial dehydrogenases was measured as described under Experimental Procedures. Statistical probability vs. controls is indicated by asterisks, calculated as described under Experimental Procedures ( n 4). The differences values observed after TNF- a /CHX treatment in dox vs. dox- and dox- L -NAME vs. dox- are highly significant


the Bible and Christianity], as well as 358: "writing poses the issue of divine revelation of the law"). Another way to see Benardete's affinity to Strauss is to say that the ontological psychology that Benardete outlines (242, 199) is in agreement with Strauss's "anti-historicist historical psychology" (376). For both, at any rate, political philosophy is linked to "first philosophy." If anything, one might be tempted to say that Benardete turns all his authors into Strauss's Plato. But this facile claim is easily belied by the originality and sheer power, as well as filigree subtlety, of Benardete's readings. Benardete's demanding work is less likely to reach as broad an audience as that of Strauss. Still, while this collection is unlikely to change that situation radically, in "pointing the way to understanding," it extends a "lifeline to the rest of us" (358).


This paper summarized the principle of micellar catalysis,reviewed its various applications in organic synthesis,and described the effects of different factors on the micellar catalysis.Combining with author′s present investigation catalysis system,it is indicated that micellar catalysis has wide application foreground in organic synthesis,and a number of organic reactant systems between phase oil and water phase can been introduced into industrialization production through micellar catalysis with high efficiency and environmental protection.


Summary: Purpose: We report a patient with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with olfactory prodromal symptoms manifested as an unpleasant smell of onions, who was found to have an ipsilateral deficit of olfactory naming (olfactory agnosia). Methods and Results: Preoperative olfactory testing revealed a selective right-sided olfactory deficit for naming of odors. Olfactory threshold was within the normal range. The patient has been seizure free after selective amygdalohippocampectomy for 4 months. No olfactory prodromal events have occurred since surgery. Olfactory testing 3 months after resection showed that right-sided odor naming was still impaired. Conclusions: We conclude that olfactory prodromal symptoms may be associated with unilateral olfactory dysfunction, and lateralization of seizure origin may be possible by unilateral olfactory testing. Key Words: Olfactory prodromesEpilepsy-Olfaction-Olfactory testing-Smell.


M ice were maintained at light-dark cycle with lights on from 05:OO一19:00 for l0 d in laboratory The study was performed at 07:00-09:00, l 5:0(卜17:00, and 21:00-23:00 jn June and July Scopolamine fScop0 l and 0.4 mg'kg~· ip1 was iniected 15 man prior to training or the first exploratory test. The amnesic effects of Scop showed hyperresponses at 07:00-09:00 and 15:0O—l7:00, and hyporesponses at 21:00——23:00 using step 。through and step-down tasks. The circadian effects of Scop on exploratory behavior were consistent with the findings above mentioned.The numbers of[JH]quinuclidinyl benzilate(【 HIQNB)binding sites in the temporal cortex and hippocampus were m ore at 08:00 and 16:00 than those at 22:00. However, muscarinic receptor levels in the striatum were lower at 08:00 than those at 22:00. Th ese results indicated that the efects of Scop on memory, behavior in a laovel environment, and muscarinic receptors in brain regions showed circadian changes in mice KEY W ORDS scopolamine; quinuclidinyl benzi— late; memory; exploratory behavior; muscarinic receptors; temporal lobe; corpus striatum; hippocampus; circadian rhythm The status of cholinergic neurotransmit— ter, enzymes, and receptors in mammalian brain showed a diurnal oscillationl . As a rule, the number of free runoccupied by endogenous agonist)muscarinic(M)receptors was highest during the light period when cholinergic neurotransmission was leas t active and 1owest during the dark period when rats and mice were most ac~ve. In the night a minima1 affmity of carbachol, an M receptor agonist, to rat brain receptors was observed. q'he present work attempted to test whether Received 1991 Sep 6 Accepted 1992 M ar 23 the diurnal changes of M receptors influenced the effects of Scop, an M receptor antago— nist,on memory and behavior in mice. M ATERIALS AND M ETH0DS M ice of K unming strain, , weighing 24 3 2, outbred from Chinese Academy of Tradifonal Chinese Medicine fBeijinEI1 were maintained in a light—dark environment flight on from 05:00-19 O0)at 25-29°C ln 1991 Jun and Ju1. rHIQNB, 25l 4 TBq mol~, and Scop were purchased from Amersham and M erck,respectively Step—through and sten—down tests( In ste throu出 task the latentins and the nUlnber of memory errors during 5 min were recorded jn reten. tion test If a mouse did not enter the dark compart. merit within 300 S the retention test was terminated and the mouse was assigned a retention SCOIkC of 300 and a zero errors In the steD—down task the mouse was plaecd on a platform for 3 min, then reec iveel 国ot electric shock(36卵 for 5 min Retention test was given 24 h following the training The errors indieated the number of entrances into the dark compartment in step—through or received a r0ot shock from the g d in step-_down Exploratory behayior test In this study each mouse wastested for 5mA n/dfor 2 successive daysin a 32× 2I× l 5 cm boxwhich was new to themice The locom otor activity was automaticaly measured wi血 au Activity M eter fMK—ANIMEX, Muromachi Kikaj Co. Tokyo)and the defecation was quantified by counting the humbet of boluses dropped. M receptor binding test Brain homogenates were prepared Th e protein contents were-deter. mined by chromatometry10J_The brain homogenates 150 .ug proton/tube,were incubated with rH]QNB 0.02-2 nmoI L for 60 ma n at 37 °C in 1 ml of phosphate bum:r 5O mmol。L at pH 7 . 4 The specific binding of I H]QNB to M receptors was de. 1ined in th e pre sence or absence of atropine 2 1 . m an L~. The incubations were terminated by filtration through glassfiber filters. Isolated membranes were 维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com


Judges selected from ISCC-NBS patches those colors which were most representative of red, yellow, green, and blue. These colors were presented for 1 min. each with GSR, heart rate, and respiration being recorded. There was a significant color effect on GSR but not on the other measures. Red was significantly more arousing than blue or yellow and green more than blue.


Objective The purpose of this paper is to analyze the clinical presentations, the features of the neuro iconography and the operative treatment of these tumors. Methods The cavernous hemangiomas located within the cavernous sinus are rare lesions associated with unacceptable surgical morbidity rates. It is very difficult to remove these tumors completely. 10 patients with the intrasinus cavernous hemangiomas operated on since 1981.5 in our hopital were analyzed retrospectively. Results All 10 patients were operated on with no mortality. The tumor biopsies are performed in 4 patients with profuse bleeding intraoperatively, tumor embolization in one case using N butylcyanoacrylate(NBCA), tumors partial removal in 2 and tumors total removal in 3. Conclusion It can be estimated intraoperatively whether the tumors could be removed or not according to the operative findings. It appears that the more solid compound the tumors contains, the easier the tumors can be removed.


Objective To determine the relationship between angiographic evaluation of peripheral arterial occlusive disease and amputation in diabetic foot.Methods There were 95 patients involved in this study.All the patients were divided into two groups after 1 year′s observation according to with or without amputation.The diabetic patients were interviewed about duration,treatment profile,presence or absence of chronic DM complications,prior amputation,blood pressure,height,and body mass index(BMI).Fasting blood samples were taken to assess lipid profile,blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1C) levels,total lipid profile(high density lipoprotein(HDL),low density lipoprotein(LDL)) and urinary albumin concentration.Lower limb arterial diseases were assessed in all the diabetic feet by slice spiral CT angiography(CTA).All the patients underwent CTA examination on the common iliac artery,the external iliac artery,the femoral artery,the popliteal artery,the anterior tibial artery,the posterior tibial artery,the peroneal artery and the dorsal artery of the foot.Diagnosis of diabetic foot accorded with Wagner classification.Results Amputation was carried out in 23.2% of the patients afflicted with diabetic foot.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that angiographic score(OR=1.2,P=0.012),complicated Infection(OR=4.2,P=0.027) andPrior amputation(OR=5.8,P=0.017) were independent risk factors for amputation.Conclusion Angiographic score,complicated infection and prior amputation are independent risk factors for amputation.


The objective of this research was to investigate the utility of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) as a potential tool for detecting inadequate bonding after placement of asphalt overlays. This research involved field testing of a pavement segment in a city in northern Utah that exhibited inadequate interlayer bonding between the asphalt overlay, which was underlain by paving fabric, and the underlying asphalt. GPR surveys were completed at each of 21 coring locations using 2.6 GHz and 1.6 GHz antennas, and the GPR images were compared to the bond condition determined from the cores. After a careful visual inspection of all of the images, the researchers concluded that no pattern consistently indicated the correct bond condition for either frequency. The absence of a consistent signature indicating either a bonded or debonded condition may be at least partially attributable to the variable texture of the underlying asphalt, where variable void distributions at the interface may cause variable scattering of the GPR signal and thereby mask subtle differences in the interface that would otherwise potentially allow discrimination among bonded and debonded locations.


Plants defend themselves by producing various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that have direct and indirect effects on insect herbivores. Their production is often specific to the plant and herbivore species involved, with some herbivores being able to manipulate their production. Here, we used passive volatile sampling using polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) tubing to compare VOCs produced by control, mined and galled oak leaves in the field. Leaves mined by a microlepidopteran leaf-miner (Phyllonorycter harrisella) produced a lower amount of two sesquiterpenes and an increased amount of eucalyptol. In contrast, leaves galled by the gall wasp (Neuroterus quercusbaccarum) did not produce a lower amount of any of the VOC measured when compared to the control. They produced a higher amount of farnesene, β-bourbonene and eucalyptol. Some of these VOC are known for their anti-herbivore function. In a second experiment, we treated the experimental leaves with the phytohormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to determine if leaf-miners or gallers reduced the overall inducibility of infested leaves. MeJA induced a sixteen-fold increase in VOC production. However, there was no difference in VOC production of control, mined and galled leaves treated with MeJA. Our results show that up- and down-regulation of VOCs can vary among leaves infested by different herbivores. More experiments are needed to determine if this is due to manipulation by the herbivores themselves or due to a defensive response of the plant.


Epitaxial NiSi2 and CoSi2 layers have been grown on crystalline silicon by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Stoichiometric, highly crystalline films can be grown by either silicon‐metal codeposition or by pure metal deposition on substrates heated to 550–800 °C. Crystalline quality is relatively insensitive to deposition conditions. Film smoothness is maximized by codeposition at temperatures near 600 °C. Both silicides have been epitaxially overgrown with silicon producing a fully crystalline silicon/metal silicide/silicon heterostructure.


Abstract:Academic libraries are fundamental in promoting equitable access to education but are often overlooked and underfunded. The COVID-19 pandemic amplified these inequities. This study investigates how 39 library deans and directors perceived decision-making by university administration during COVID-19's onset. Open-ended survey questions were sent to deans and directors asking them to describe their experiences working with university administration to adjust library services during the crisis. Some library leaders reported that working closely with other departments strengthened their campus connections. Others commented that disagreement between library personnel and university administration caused discord. Some deans and directors were forced to cut staff funding or felt pressured to reopen, while others were trusted to choose their budget and service priorities. The authors recommend that library leaders be more consistently relied upon for their expertise during university decision-making.


The reaction of in situ generated chloromethyl-lithium with ketones (5) at –78 °C afforded, after lithiation with lithium naphthalenide at the same temperature, β-oxidoalkyl-lithium compounds (6), which on reaction with electrophiles (deuterium oxide, dimethyl disulphide, carbon dioxide, cyclohexanone, and allyl bromide) yielded bifunctionalized compounds (7). When the lithiation step was carried out with lithium powder and at temperatures ranging between –60 °C and 20 °C, the corresponding decomposition of intermediates (6) derived from aldehydes and ketones (5) took place spontaneously giving the corresponding terminal or exocyclic olefins (11) regioselectively. The use of in situ generated 1-chloro-2-methylprop-1-enyl-lithium as organolithium reagent in the addition to carbonyl compounds (5) at –110 °C, followed by transformation of the resulting chlorohydrin (13) into the corresponding methyl ether (14)(successive treatment with sodium hydride and methyl iodide at 0–20 °C) gave, after lithiation with lithium phenanthrenide at room temperature, the corresponding substituted cumulenes (12).


The profile of childminders has been rising steadily in recent years, despite a fall in numbers, and with an election looming, the NCMA has five key aspirations for the profession in the coming year.


An investigation has been conducted in the Cleveland 18- by
18-inch supersonic tunnel at a Mach number of 1.85 and angles of
attack from 0 deg to 5 deg to determine optimum design configurations for
a convergent-divergent type of supersonic diffuser with a subsonic
diffuser of 5 deg included divergence angle. Total pressure recoveries
in excess of theoretical recovery across a normal shock at a free-stream
Mach number of 1.85 wore obtained with several configurations.
The highest recovery for configurations without a cylindrical
throat section was obtained with an inlet having an included convergence
angle of 20 deg. Insertion of a 2-inch throat section between
a 10 deg included angle inlet and the subsonic diffuser stabilized the
shock inside the diffuser and resulted in recoveries as high as
0.838 free-stream total pressure at an angle of attack of 0 deg,
corresponding to recovery of 92.4 percent of the kinetic energy of
the free air stream. Use of the throat section also lessened the
reduction in recovery of all configurations due to angle of attack.


The Probed Partial Digestion mapping method partially digests a DNA strand with a restriction enzyme. A probe, which attaches to the DNA between two restriction enzyme cutting sites, is hybridized to the partially digested DNA, and the sizes of fragments to which the probe hybridizes are measured. The objective is to reconstruct the linear order of the restriction enzyme cutting sites from the multiset of measured lengths. In many cases, more than one underlying linear ordering is consistent with a multiset of measured lengths. This article shows that a multiset of N measured lengths can have as many as (N t) solutions for any t < ?1 (2) where (t) is the Riemann Zeta Function and ?1 (2) 1:73.


Objective To provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging role of periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, as a key component in the development, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Data Sources Medline database. Review Methods A state of the art review was performed targeting English-language studies investigating the role of periostin in cardiopulmonary, neoplastic, and inflammatory diseases, with emphasis on recent advances in the study of periostin in chronic rhinosinusitis. Conclusions Periostin has emerged as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for numerous human pathologies, including cardiac, pulmonary, and neoplastic disease. The upregulation of periostin in chronic rhinosinusitis suggests the potential for similar roles among patients with sinonasal disease. Implications for Practice Chronic rhinosinusitis is a widespread disease with major clinical and societal impact. A critical limitation in the current treatment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis is the absence of clinically relevant biomarkers to guide diagnosis and treatment selection. A review of the literature supports a likely role of periostin as a biomarker of chronic rhinosinusitis, as well as a novel therapeutic target in the future treatment of patients with sinonasal disease.


As stressed in the introduction, we are still in the early days of analyzing the data that we have in hand from Cassini ± Huygens and we anticipate much more data to be coming in as themission progresses over the next three years. Yet we can already see that Titan is a fascinating world in its own right, with the potential to provide some valuable perspectives on the origin and evolution of our own planet's atmosphere. Any attempt to extend these perspectives to the problem of the origin of life on Earthmust confront the intense cold on Titan and the consequent absence of water in both the liquid and vapor states. Thus, not only is there no chance for aqueous solution chemistry (Darwin's famous `warm little pond') but there is no readily available reservoir of oxygen, a key element in terrestrial biochemistry. Nevertheless, our ability to understand the organic chemistry that does exist on Titan will surely help us to unravel some of the reactions that took place on the early Earth before life began.


Abstract-Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks have widespread applications, ranging from surveillance and disaster management in the military domain to transportation and delivery of goods in the civilian domain. Regardless of the application, the placement of routing UAV nodes (especially in networks spanning long distances) is crucial in determining network performance parameters such as network lifetime and data transmission delay. In this paper, an Energy-efficient, Fault-Tolerant, and Area-optimized UAV placement scheme (EFTA) is proposed for search operations. A cluster-based UAV network is considered, in which the Cluster Members (CMs) are mobile and scan the geographic area of interest. The Cluster Heads (CHs) are quasi-static and route information from the CMs to the Ground Control Station (GCS). A multi-objective Cuckoo Search Algorithm is used to determine the placement of the CHs while minimizing energy consumption, maximizing area coverage, and maximizing tolerance to node failures. Further, a comprehensive analysis was performed against a state-of-theart UAV placement algorithm. The analysis showed that EFTA gives a significant performance improvement when compared to the competing placement scheme in fault tolerance, power consumption, network lifetime, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio.


1Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24157 Douala, Cameroon. 2Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24157 Douala, Cameroon. 4Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Teacher's Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.


Expansions of extracellular space or of plasma volume were produced in rats by infusing Ringer's solution or bovine albumin 6% in Ringer's solution. Urinary volume (V), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and the fraction of sodium escaping tubular reabsorption (TRFNa+) were measured in the two series of animals during the first 40 min of infusion: an analogous increase of V and TRFNa+ was observed in the two groups. On the contrary, when the infusion was continued for 100 min, V, TRFNa+, and GFR of animals receiving isooncotic solution were markedly depressed. Val-5-angiotensin II-amide (0.25 μg/kg per min) was natriuretic in animals whose extracellular fluid volume had been expanded with an isotonic infusion, whereas most of the animals receiving isooncotic solutions did not respond to the octapeptide. The fraction V of bovine albumin used in the present study was devoid of a pressor effect and did not show any angiotensinase activity. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the decrease of pl...


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The circuit for driving the I/O bus with the driving power of the data input buffer (10) during a write cycle when testing includes the first (11) and the second (12) data buses, the first (13) and the second (14) I/O buses, the first (31) and the second (32) lines connected to the data buses, the first (100) and the second (200) transmission gates providing the data of the data buses to the lines at the first clock (φWDT) of the writing period, the first (300) and the second (400) I/O bus pull-up/down circuits, and an I/O bus equalizing circuit (500) for equalizing I/O buses with the first clock and the equalizing clock.


Incorporating InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures creates a bi-layer electron and hole plasma producing a planar, top-illuminated photodetector with <2.5-ps time response and sensitive to <1-microWatt optical power, and can operate without applied bias.


Motivated by the widespread use of networked and embedded control systems, stability of sampled-data feedback control systems with uncertainly time-varying sampling intervals is considered as an application of the IQC stability theory. Known results are reviewed and a few open issues are posed.


Social influence is key in technology adoption, but its role in security-feature adoption is unique and remains unclear. Here, we analyzed how three Facebook security features' Login Approvals, Login Notifications, and Trusted Contacts-diffused through the social networks of 1.5 million people. Our results suggest that social influence affects one's likelihood to adopt a security feature, but its effect varies based on the observability of the feature, the current feature adoption rate among a potential adopter's friends, and the number of distinct social circles from which those feature-adopting friends originate. Curiously, there may be a threshold higher than which having more security feature adopting friends predicts for higher adoption likelihood, but below which having more feature-adopting friends predicts for lower adoption likelihood. Furthermore, the magnitude of this threshold is modulated by the attributes of a feature-features that are more noticeable (Login Approvals, Trusted Contacts) have lower thresholds.


■ 10 Mbit/s high-speed optocouplers in new 8 mm creepage package Uniband Electronic Corporation (UBEC) is introducing development kits, including both software, hardware, and tools, that enable OEMs and system developers to quickly and easily develop low power, wireless peer-to-peer mesh networks ideal for the rapidly growing field of industrial automation and building management systems, lighting controls, automated meters, sensors, and security systems.


Iron 57 Mossbauer resonance determination of distribution isotherms for bibalent Mg and Fe ions between M1 and M2 sites in orthopyroxenes


Buried soil cracks developed within sandy alluvium are described from the Upper Shoalhaven Valley south-west of Braidwood. The cracks, 10-40 mm wide and filled with an indurated sandy matrix, are about 1 m apart, up to 1.75 m deep, and arranged in a polygonal pattern. Determinations are made of the field and laboratory characteristics of the materials in which the cracks are developed and of the in-fill matrix, and these characteristics are related to possible mechanisms of formation. One possible group of mechanisms is seasonal frost-induced cracking associated with periodic filling in of the cracks by wind- or water-borne debris, then partial truncation of the materials followed by burial under alluvium. The cracks are unlikely to be more than c. 21 000 years old, and may be younger.


In his winning entry for our 2022 Statistical Excellence Award for Early Career Writing, Lee Kennedy‐Shaffer explains how statistics can help us evaluate rule changes in sport


In functional data analysis, a commonly used model is the functional linear regression model, in which scalar responses Yi are related to sampled paths from some underlying continuous-time stochastic process Xi(t), through Yi = β0 + ∫ Xi(t)β(t)dt+ i, i = 1, . . . , n. The estimation of the functional coefficient of interest β(.) have been substantially studied. An interesting approach called FLiRTI has been proposed by James et al. [2009] in a frequentist framework. The objective is to obtain "interpretable" estimates for β(.), that is which have simple shapes. In particular, the estimates should have null regions, and should have very simple structures elsewhere, typically piecewise linear structures. This methodology is particularly appealing for applications in agronomy and


In this paper, we present some results from a study commissioned by the Danish Food Industry Agency, which addressed the process of conversion of all-year houses to second homes in two very different rural areas in Denmark, with particular focus on potential for development and settlement. The second home phenomenon is placed in a Danish setting and related to local economic and demographic trends. Availability of houses of the certain standard and size is found to be very important, along with access to the coast and other nature areas. Drawing on the interviews carried out for the study, we assess the role of real estate agents when houses change status and a new type of owners enter the local communities.


The study aims to analyze the comparison of the level of regional competitiveness in the Central Java province, the cause of differences in the level of regional competitiveness and regional potential to increase competitiveness in Semarang city and Surakarta city. The study was conducted in 2018. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with purposive sampling data collection method. The research results showed that the level of competitiveness of Semarang city included a high category with an index of 4,963, the highest value on the health pillar and the lowest value on the infrastructure pillar. While the level of competitiveness of Surakarta city is in the medium category with an index of 4,536, the highest value on the market size pillar and the lowest value on the infrastructure pillar. The determinants of regional competitiveness are seen from the enabling environment aspect, aspects of human resources, market aspects and aspects of the innovation ecosystem. Semarang city has a comparative advantage in terms of human resources while Surakarta city in aspects of the market. This comparative advantage can be used to accelerate regional development in order to improve regional competitiveness.


Basis for Sound-Based Assistive Technology.- Sound Signal Processing for Auditory Aids.- Functional Electrical Stimulation to Auditory Nerves.- Tactile Stimulation Methods for the Deaf and/or Blind.- Speech Recognition Systems for the Hearing Impaired and the Elderly.- Assistive Tool Design for Speech Production Disorders.- Sound Information Aiding for the Visually Impaired.


Observational skills are one of the indicators to know the level of achievement of science process goals. This research examines the influence of picture storybook with scientific approach through project-based learning on observational skills. The research was a quasi-experiment conducted in the second grade of the elementary school in Banguntapan Subdistrict. The samples were 265 students, 139 of experimental and 126 of control groups. The picture storybook with a scientific approach through project-based learning on observational skills was applied to the experimental group and the 2013 curriculum book from the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia for the control group. The instrument used was a written test and observation. A t-test was used to analyze the effect of picture storybook with scientific approach through project-based learning on observational skills. The results of this study found that the achievement of observational skills for the experimental group was higher than the control group. The picture storybook with scientific approach through project-based learning on observational skills has a significant effect on observational skills. These findings contribute significantly to the current knowledge about the effectiveness picture storybook with scientific approach through project-based learning on observational skills to improve students' science process skills in every teaching and learning.


This article focuses on the activities of eight private health care organizations undertaking public health and prevention activities. Few activities were motivated by or integrated into the business or operating strategy of the organizations and poor integration with the business strategy puts the long-term future of these activities in jeopardy. The lack of integrated activity can be attributed to: slow pace of managed care implementation; low penetrance of full-risk capitated reimbursement; and fragmented, competitive health care markets. Purchaser pressure, quality assurance requirements, community benefit standards, and government mandates are among the levers available to encourage such activities by the private sector.


Using the concept of a w-distance, we obtain common fixed point theorems on complete metric spaces. Our results generalize the corresponding theorems of Jungck, Fisher, Dien, and Liu.


This was a Retrospective study of ocular injury cases presenting at our tertiary eye care centre caused by dog bite. Analysis of age, sex and social status of the patient, site and extent of injury, type of dog and season of dog bite was done. Thorough wash of the wound with normal saline was considered, Tetanus toxoid, anti rabies serum infiltration, anti rabies vaccination as per schedule and antibiotics were given with early repair of the wound by primary suturing. Canalicular tear was identified and repaired by probing it with silicon tube.Early management of such complex injuries usually gives satisfactory outcome. Prevention strategies should be considered for preventing dog bites.


The aim of research into brain-computer interfaces (BCI) is to allow a person to control a computer using signals from the brain, without the need for any muscular movement—for example, to allow a totally paralyzed patient to communicate. We report the results of an experiment on normal subjects, designed to develop a paradigm in which a user can make a binary choice. Other researchers have employed paradigms in which users imagine moving either their left or right hand [1], or in which they are trained over several weeks to control slow cortical potentials [2]. Here, we attempt to classify EEG signals that occur in response to two simultaneous auditory stimulus streams. To communicate a binary decision, the subject focuses attention on one of the two streams, left or right.


A method for obtaining passive expiratory volume in one second (PEV 1 ) and passive vital capacity (PVC) is described. These measurements require no patient cooperation and can be made on patients who are receiving mechanical assistance to ventilation (MAV). The PEV 1 and PEV 1 /PVC% correlated with FEV 1 and FEV 1 /FVC% obtained at the same time, and also where FEV 1 and FEV 1 / FVC% were determined when the patients were not acutely ill. These measurements can be used to assess pulmonary function in patients who are too ill to perform active vital capacity maneuvers and are on respirators. The PEV 1 and PEV 1 /PVC% can also be used to assess a patient's ability to stay off assisted ventilation for at least 24 hours. All seven patients in whom PEV 1 was greater than 600 ml were successfully tried off MAV. Of 11 patients with a PEV 1 of less than 500 ml, all except one continued to require MAV. Also, a trial of unassisted breathing was successful in 13 of the 19 patients with a PEV 1 / PVC% greater than 60 percent, while it failed in all the eight patients with a PEV 1 /PVC% of less than 60 percent.


Column in the weekly newsletter "Dagens Juridik", 15 November 2007 concerning the investigation and procesution of international crimes before Swedish domestic courts. It is argued that due to inad ...


The application and continuous renewal of modern Internet technology has accelerated the rate of dealing with the incoming manuscripts by journal editors.It also has shortened the time of contribution and soliciting contributions and made the communication smoother among the editors,readers and writers.At the same time,it has increased the efficiency of examining and approving manuscripts and developed the workmanship of edition.In this background,academic journal editors should take some measures.They should build strong consciousness of study and be skillful in computer networking technology so that they could have a recognition capability to complex information.In the mean while,it is necessary to set up perfect dynamic database,reviewers' database,professional information database and relevant information database.Through these measures,it may promote the development of academic journal editors' work level and strengthen the professional ability.


In this paper we consider time scale decomposition as well as spatial decomposition to induce massive parallelism and reduce overhead in distributed discrete-event simulations. We confine our study to the Time Warp strategy and to systems where the durations of activities differ by several orders of magnitude (i.e., systems with fast and slow activities). We show that, for such systems, a large overhead due to rollbacks is encountered when spatial decomposition is used. Moreover, performance degrades as the difference increases between the rates of fast and slow events.
Several initial experiments using queueing-network models were designed to evaluate the effectiveness of time scale decomposition in increasing the parallelism and reducing the overhead. These experiments were conducted on a distributed simulation testbed that was implemented on an 18-processor Multimax 320. The application of the above simulation techniques to stochastic Petri net models is illustrated using an example of performability analysis of a fault-tolerant distributed system.


There still exists a series of phenomenon which doesn't conform to the safety of production and management in the rapid development of construction industry.Taking "safety" as the theme,this article conducts an analysis of existing problems and proposes corresponding management countermeasures for safety on the basis of national housing construction safety accident situation.


to be desired and naval power projection remains limited (p. 196). For the Russian military revival to succeed, it also must focus on modernisation (including increased technological competitiveness) of its defence industrial sector. Besides its obvious analytical and informative merits the book features exclusively the narrative of Western academic, defence, security and foreign policy communities on the topic. This stems from a preferred choice of analysed literature, line of argumentation, reading of Kosovo, Ukrainian and Syrian conflicts. Russia's military resurgence is viewed predominantly from an angle of its impact on the Euro-Atlantic strategic and defence security. Should the author decide to continue research on the topic and materialise that in a second edition of this book, then she may also add a whole new chapter on the organisation and functions of the Russian defence industry (pp. 77–83). Russia's defence industrial complex has an essential contribution to country's military revival and economy as a whole and requires a special contextual analysis (both from a historical and functional perspective). It will not be exaggerated to say that the Russian defence industry constitutes the backbone of country's industrial and technological base (encompassing a complex system of defence industry-related institutes, R&D units, 1300 defence weapons and equipment-run factories with a workforce of over two million). The defence industry is directly supervised by the president via the Defence Industrial Commission placed within the Russian Council of Ministers (with a vice-premier responsible for overseeing the whole defence industrial sector). The chapter three also needs to present functions the Russia's foreign military intelligence (the Main Intelligence Directorate – GRU) which has played an important role in the conduct of Kremlin-led military operations abroad. Much wider attention needs to be given to a consultative body – the Security Council of the Russian Federation chaired by the Russian President – which constitutes a key policy forum for coordinating and integrating national defence, security and foreign policies.


The development and interest in Industry 4.0 together with rapid development of Cyber Physical Systems has created magnificent opportunities to develop maintenance to a totally new level. The Maint ...


This paper offers a critical account of the amnesty programme introduced by the Nigerian state in 2009. It examines the impact and limitations of the amnesty as an instrument of peacebuilding, and emphasises the need for wider reforms that address underdevelopment and poverty in the Niger Delta region. The paper argues that the amnesty programme is a laudable effort but is by no means a silver bullet. It is better understood as a specific response to a resource-driven conflict that requires a broader, comprehensive resolution.


fulfillment ofquality constraints andtheoptimization of performance indices canbeapproached through theformuInthis paper, weintroduce newbounds onthesys- lation ofnon-linear optimization problems [1, 2,5]which temthroughput andresponse timeofclosed, single-class makealarge useofperformance indices intheir objective BCMPqueueing networks withload-dependent stations.functions andconstraints. Insuchoptimization problems, Undertheassumption that stations relative service rates anon-line evaluation ofperformance indices significantly arenon-decreasing functions oftheir queuelengths, the reduces thecomputational requirements. Unfortunately, no bounds derive fromthemonotonicity ofsystem throughputexact on-line solution algorithm isknownforthewhole andqueue-lengths andexploit theasymptotic equivalenceclass ofclosed, single-class BCMPqueueing networks. that exists between closed andopensingle-class BCMP Thebounding analysis ofclosed queueing networks can networks whenthenumberofjobs Npopulating aclosed support theaboverequirements because itisaimed topronetwork growstoinfinity. Thebounds canbeapplied when vide computationally simple formulas whichboundperforN issufficiently large andtheminimumN whichallows manceindices giving thequalitative behavior ofthesystem. their useisgiven. Experimental results present scenarios Giventhat ingeneral itisdifficult toanalytically evaluate inwhich theproposed bounds significantly improve theac- whichbounds arethetightest ones,theefficiency ofthis curacy ofexisting techniques andweanalytically showthat analysis issuchthat anumberofbounding techniques can they arealways moreaccurate thanthepopular balanced besimultaneously executed whenevaluating thequalitative jobbounds whenN isgreater than agiven threshold. behavior ofasystem and, aposteriori, thetightest onecan bechosen withasmall computational effort. Clearly, ifan upper(lower) boundisneeded, thenthelowest (highest)


Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of small-cell carcinoma of esophagus. Methods Fifteen patients with small-cell carcinoma of esophagus diagnosed by X-ray,chest CT and esophagoscopy and confirmed by pathology were selected,and the clinical characteristics and prognosis were analysed. Results The median survival time of these 15 patients was 8.82 months,and the survival time ranged from 29 d to 26 months.The 6-month survival rate was 53%,1-year survival rate was 20%,2-year survival rate was 7% and 3-year survival rate was 0.The median survival time of patients with single operation,single chemotherapy and comprehensive treatment was 8 months,4.1 months and 11.83 months,respectively. Conclusion The optimal therapy for small-cell carcinoma of esophagus remains undetermined.Comprehensive treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy may yield longer survival time than single treatment.


This study aimed to examine the effect of brand awareness, perceived quality, customer expectations and product innovation on buying decisions and on increasing customer loyalty. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on AMOS was employed to test the hypotesis.The results showed that brand awareness has positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions, perceived quality has positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions, consumer expectations have a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions, product innovation have a significant and positive impact on purchasing decisions and buying decisions have positive and significant customer loyalty.


This paper designs an appraisal system of the land suitability for a multi-objective land-use and discusses appraisal factors and their coefficients.Based on limitative factor process and experiential assess process,establishes the mathematical model to appraise the land suitability levels.Taking Linyi City as a case to carry out the practical research.Finally the authors advance the land use subarea of Linyi City according to the result of land suitability appraisal.


The conversion of the read-out from the anti-symmetric port of the LIGO interferometers into gravitational strain has thus far been performed in the frequency domain. Here we describe a conversion in the time domain which is based on the method developed by GEO. We illustrate the method using the Hanford 4 km interferometer during the second LIGO science run (S2).


Simple Summary Disturbance mechanisms, both natural and human-induced, can lead to changes at all levels of biological organization, including soil biota. Understanding how soil biota has adapted to a dynamic system driven by natural disturbances responding to environmental change requires a taxonomic and functional approach. Although wetlands are naturally hydrologic disturbance-driven ecosystems, relatively little attention has been paid to soil biota responses to environmental changes in these disturbance-dependent ecosystems. It has been hypothesized that the drainage-related changes in mountain wetlands soils have an effect on the community composition and functional structure of soil biota. For the first time, a field study has demonstrated that hydrologic disturbances affect the functional and taxonomic composition of soil biota represented by earthworms. Abiotic-based environmental filtering was responsible for the earthworm species sorting and trait variation. The highest earthworm variation found in wetlands semi-natural hydrologic conditions emphasizes the impact of transient dynamics on earthworm assembly. Abstract Disturbances, both natural and anthropogenic, influence the patterning of species and species traits. The shift in species composition and distribution pattern of functional traits can demonstrate if the community is resistant, sensitive or resilient to the disturbance. Based on species- and trait-based approaches, we examined the response of the earthworm community to changing hydrologic conditions caused by the artificial drainage of mountain fens, in which cumulative effects of disturbance events over space and time are much less dynamic than in riverine wetlands. We hypothesized that the drainage-related changes of mountain fen peat soils have an effect on the earthworm community composition and its functional structure. We assume that the shift in species composition and value of community-weighted functional traits reflect changes in the resilience or resistance of the earthworm community to environmental change. Our results demonstrate that the total density of earthworms was almost three times lower under drained conditions compared to natural ones. Artificial drainage of fens had a neutral effect on the species-based diversity indices. However, there were species-specific traits that responded to hydrologic changes and which led to the species' replacements and to the co-occurrence of eurytopic, surface-browsing and more drought- and low-pH-resistant earthworm species in the drained fens. Based on these results, we conclude that abiotic-based environmental filtering was the main process responsible for sorting earthworms according to species and traits in the disturbed hydrologic conditions. The greater earthworm functional trait variations in semi-natural hydrologic conditions emphasizes the impact of transient dynamics in an altered disturbance regime on the earthworm assembly. Results also showed that in the changing hydrologic conditions of mountain fens, the functional trait approach revealed only slightly more predictive power than the taxonomic one, but it proved better with processes responsible for earthworm species filtering.


One of the major tasks in developing bipedal walking robots is to improve energy efficiency of their locomotion. In this paper a method for extending this research by considering ground inclinations is introduced. The investigated robot is driven by electric motors in its revolute joints. Robot's gaits for different walking speeds are generated via numerical optimization, minimizing energy consumption during locomotion. Energy efficiency can be increased for differently inclined grounds where the robot utilizes its natural dynamics and gravity.


The invention discloses a preparation method of pyrrolizidine-9-acetic acid hydrochloride, comprising the following chemical reactions: 1) preparing 1,7-bi-p-nitryl benzenesulfonate -4-heptanone as a raw material according to the prior art for reacting with ammonium chloride and ammonia to generate pyrrolizidine-chlorate; 2) reacting the pyrrolizidine-chlorate with sodium cyanoacetate to generate pyrrolizidine-9-acetonitrile; and 3) allowing the pyrrolizidine-9-acetonitrile with concentrated hydrochloric acid to generate the pyrrolizidine-9-acetic acid hydrochloride. By adopting a chemical synthesis method, the preparation method of the invention greatly simplifies preparation flow, shortens reaction time and effectively lowers production cost; and the pyrrolizidine-9-acetic acid hydrochloride prepared by the preparation method has high yield and good quality, thus meeting the need of industrialized production.


In order to investigate whether chromium and neodymium were adulterated in the marketed cosmetics, 58 samples were randomly collected from markets, cosmetics stores, drug stores and pharmacies by local health authorities in Taiwan during 2006. Samples were analyzed by contracted laboratories. The result showed that 1 sample contained chromium, 12.4 ppm, and 2 samples contained neodymium, 13.7 and 12.2 ppm, respectively. Others were all below 10 ppm. 17 samples (29.3%) violated the labeling regulations set by the Department of Health.


Current status and recent advances in high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) technology for high performance very large scale integration (VLSI) are presented with the focus on material, self‐alignment device fabrication, and HEMT large‐scale integration (LSI) implementations. HEMT is a very promising device for ultrahigh speed LSI/VLSI due to the supermobility GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction structure. The technological challenges for large scale integrations are discussed with refined HEMT with self‐aligned gate structure, controllability of device parameters, and molecular beam epitaxy material problems. Master–slave flip–flop, divide‐by‐two circuits achieved the internal logic delay of 22 ps per gate at 77 K at a fan‐out of about 2, roughly three times faster than that of GaAs metal‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor technology. HEMT has already made it possible to develop 16 kb static random access memory (RAM) and a 1.5‐kgate gate array, demonstrating high speed LSI operations. With submicron gates,...


The study aims to determine the risk level of credit decision making. The research is descriptive qualitative. The research is conducted in PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Makassar. Methods of collecting data uses library research method and field research method. The research data uses qualitative data obtained from the results of literature study. In addition to qualitative data, it is also used financial reports for three years. The results of this research indicated that to anticipate non-performing loans, the specifications of prospective debtors were carried out in each credit-granting process. In granting credit, the specifications for the prospective debtor must be carried out.


In this final issue of 2000, we have two papers related to IS/IT performance in an organizational context and two focusing on individuals, i.e. users and developers. The first paper, by Yetton, Martin, Sharma and Johnson empirically examines the determinants of project performance. A survey of IS projects in the UK and New Zealand was undertaken and two dimensions of project performance considered. First project completion, measured on a five-point scale from total abandonment through to smooth completion, and second budget variances, which is essentially a measure of cost and time overruns. The two dimensions make a key distinction between those elements of project performance that are business driven by senior business managers, i.e. completion, and those that are project driven by IS project managers, i.e. budget variances. Project completion was found to be a function of a project's newness, management support, size and user participation, whereas budget variances were related to planning, instability, newness and risk perception. The implications of these findings are fascinating, for example the conclusion that the four key influences on project performance are not special to IS is likely to be of particular interest to practitioners The second paper, by Peppard, Lambert and Edwards, returns to a well-known theme, that of getting value for money from IT investments. However, this paper addresses the issue from the perspective of the organization rather than the IT function and adopts a competencies approach to the analysis using a variety of techniques, including case studies and a series of focus groups. This multimethodological approach is argued to be necessary and appropriate given the intangible nature and lack of agreement concerning competencies. The findings indicate that in order for organizations to create value from IT investments it is important that they understand and develop such information competencies and that these competencies be company wide. Thus the question posed in the title of the paper, 'Whose job is it anyway?' is answered. It is not the sole responsibility of the IT function but the responsibility of the organization as a whole, particularly senior general managers. Some other interesting outcomes are also revealed, for example that building relations between IT and the business is not a competency itself but that building relationships with suppliers and vendors is. The explanation for this apparently contradictory finding is based in the identification of a series of microcompetencies that warrant a detailed look. The third paper, by Joshi and Rai, examines users' job satisfaction and the effects of the quality of the information product on that satisfaction. A number of elements, such as timeliness, relevance, volume, and accuracy of output information, was measured in a study of 360 users. The model adopted focuses on characteristics of information products rather than the adoption of a specific IT innovation as some other studies have done. Also, previous studies have tended to focus on clerical users, whereas this one is interesting as it included preInfo Systems J (2000) 10, 261–262 261


This article is a follow-up on the recent publication introducing the concept of "Voluntary Selection" which allows for engineering the phenotypic profile of a population by adopting the reproductive cells of donors rather than couples themselves. Foreseeing a genetically converging world through Voluntary Selection, and looking from a Middle Eastern and North African perspective, the article focuses on five major themes where improvements are necessary to allow for maintaining stability and achieving a minimum level of living standards despite matters such as different levels of access to environmental resources, global warming and depleting fossil fuel resources. These themes are namely the provision of evolutionary explanation for religions, women's rights, generating wealth in the form of living atmospheres, distributed workload across society and distributed food production. The following discussions illustrate how by changing the way we look at the world, utilizing our available but neglected resources, dreaming, believing, and acting, we can solve some of the most fundamental global problems. The provided solutions are protective of individual freedoms, facilitate the convergence of lifestyles to a pleasant, practical, elegant, sustainable and modern model and protect the fabric of society as the foundation for higher-level achievements necessary for the maintenance and improvement of our living standards.


A recent idealized numerical study of tropical cyclogenesis and subsequent intensification using warm‐rain‐only microphysics is extended to examine the modifications brought about by a representation of ice processes. It is found that the time taken to reach cyclogenesis is more than twice that in the equivalent warm‐rain‐only simulation. The subtle reasons for the difference in the length of the gestation period are discussed. A mid‐level vortex forms during the early gestation period when ice processes are present, but not when warm‐rain‐only processes are present. Axisymmetric balance calculations show that the spin‐up of this mid‐level vortex is related to the different spatial distribution of diabatic heating rate in the presence of ice, which leads to a system‐scale radial influx of absolute vorticity in the middle troposphere. The tropical‐cyclone vortex that forms in the simulation with ice is similar to that in the warm‐rain‐only simulation, with the strengthening frictional boundary layer exerting a progressively important role in focusing inner‐core deep convection. This vortex develops in situ on a much smaller scale than the mid‐level vortex and there is no evidence that it is a result of the mid‐level vortex being somehow carried downwards, as has been suggested previously by some researchers. Some implications of the results in relation to previous theories of tropical cyclogenesis are discussed.


One of the key issues for rural people living in dryland and remote areas is to provide sustainable livelihood. In recent years, many attempts have been made to reclaim natural resources in dryland areas and provide the ground for sustainable livelihoods of local people In Iran. In this case, in 2003, a project was defined in one of the degraded areas to promote livelihoods of people through empowering them and expansion of small forest plantations. The project activities are carefully designed to develop social, human, financial, physical and environmental capitals at the local level necessary for the sustainable resource management and human development of the target area. The empowerment of women, poor and the other marginalized groups will enhance their capacity and the confidence to influence policies and programmes for their benefits. At this time, local people have been satisfied to involve in all project activities. In this case, they are participating in all activities including forest seedlings preparation and plantation, seeding, etc. At the end of project, it is expected the conditions of rural people to be improved through final formation of village organizations, establishment of local fund and enhancement of villagers' skills. The lessons drawn in the participatory rehabilitation and management of natural resources could be applied in similar places in Iran and even in other countries with similar conditions.


Introduction 1. Boundaries and Divisions in Explanation of Action 2. Structural Explanation 3. Institutional Explanation 4. Ideational Explanation 5. Psychological Explanation Conclusion


Background: Staphylococcus epidermidis causes prosthetic valve endocarditis, urinary tract infection, and implant-related infections. These are difficult to treat often due to drug resistance, particularly because S. epidermidis biofilms are inherently resistant to most antibiotics. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a kind of sichuan-specific medicinal herb, and has effective ingredients, such as cryptotanshinone. Cryptotanshinone was demonstrated to have anti-microbial properties and no resistance. Objectives: The current study investigated the effects of cryptotanshinone on S. epidermidis biofilm formation, and found new agents controlling S. epidermidis biofilm formation and resistance caused by biofilm. Methods: The effects were further analyzed by crystal violet assay (CV), 2, 3-bis [2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide inner salt assay (XTT), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The qRT-PCR assay was used to determine the expressions of biofilm key genes, including icaA, atlE, aap and luxS. Results: The amount treated by cryptotanshinone was reduced compared with the non-treating group, so did the metabolic activity inside the biofilm. Even the micro-structure was destroyed with cryptotanshinone. The expressions of biofilm key genes, including icaA, atlE, aap, and luxS, were down-regulated by cryptotanshinone. Conclusions: There is new insight that cryptotanshinone could inhibit immature biofilms and the down-regulations of icaA, atlE, aap, and luxS might explain this inhibitory effect.


ABSTRACT The illegal hunting and trading of protected species is a global issue. While China is often discussed in general terms as a destination country for protected species, the sociological and criminological discussion of poaching within China remains underdeveloped. This study discusses the targets, modus operandi, and drivers of poaching in China. Based on the analysis of 245 published Chinese cases, this study discovered that 115 unique species have been targeted in China, with wild boar being the most common target. Most boar poaching was driven by a desire for meat, and hunting occurred in both protected and non-protected areas. Most poachers do not actively pursue wild boars with weapons but prefer to lay homemade traps. The study concludes with a discussion of how prevention efforts can draw on data such as these and suggests avenues for further research.


Objective To observe the curative effect of "Dannang Mixture" in the treatment of chronic cholecystitis.Methods One hundred and twenty subjects were evenly randomized into treatment group and control group,and treated repsectively by "Dannang Mixture" and Anethol Trithione.After two-week treatments,the clinical symptoms,B-ultrasonic results,total cholesterol(TC),triglycerol(TG),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were evaluated.Results The overall effective rate was 96.67% in the treatment group and 76.67% in the control group,with a difference between them(P0.05);after treatment,every symptom score and total score were significantly reduced in both groups(P0.05),with differences in upper abdomen score,abdominal bloating score and total score between two groups(P0.05);the overall effective rate for B-ultrasound effects was 53.33% in the treatment group and 25.00% in the control group,with a difference between two groups(P0.05);after treatment the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and TNF-α were decreased in both groups(P0.05),but with a difference in the level of TNF-α between the two groups TNF-α(P0.05).Conclusion "Dannang Mixture" can improve lipid metabolism and and reduce the level of TNF-α to relieve gallbladder inflammation.


The tourist potential of pineapple cultivation in the Poroto district is manifested in its attractiveness, aptitude and accessibility. The attractiveness is reflected in attributes such as the preparation of the land, planting of the pineapple crop, irrigation, weeding, compost, hilling and harvesting; as well as in the use of traditional tools, used in the cultivation of pineapple such as pillory, palana, lamprey and jimmy.
These attributes arouse interest on the part of potential domestic and foreign tourists who are willing to undertake agro-tourism activities, so that 10% of them would participate in the preparation of the land, 22% are willing to participate in the planting of the pineapple crop, and 28% of tourists are willing to participate in the harvest of pineapple cultivation, so they are also willing to use traditional agricultural tools such as palana 26%. It also has the ability of farmers regarding good treatment with tourists, if they are friendly 48%, cozy 32%. They also show the service of housing 26% and feed 33%.
The scientific methods used were: the ethnographic, Inductive and deductive, Analytical - synthetic; Among the techniques used we have direct observation, the signing, the interview and the survey; the instruments such as: the field notebook, the observation guide, the survey questionnaire, the interview guide, the camera and the video camera. It surveyed 166 tourists in the Huaca de La Luna Archaeological Complex between the months of July and August, as well as 90 farmers in Poroto; both calculated with probabilistic sample.


The main objective of this work is to show the implementation of a model that involves the availability of online videos and lectures in a newly designed classroom called the "Innovate Room" at our university. The combination of flipped learning as well as the use of such a learning space make the overall student experience a memorable one when compared to a traditional lecture model in courses that are usually difficult for most students of Architecture and Civil Engineering. The selected courses for this study are Mechanics of Structures courses with students of Architecture and Civil Engineering during their second year. The aspects analyzed in this work include the student's perception on the use of a new learning space, the use of flipped learning, collaborative work during sessions and the use of experiments and models during those classroom sessions. Results indicate a very positive perception by the students of the groups taught with this model and how this model has positively affected student satisfaction and passing rate since its incorporation. The results of this work can be applied in designing new teaching models that involve the design of new spaces for engineering education, and we think it can improve the engagement of new generations of Engineering students in the twenty-first century.


Non-alcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathologic entity characterized by an excessive accumulation of hepatic lipid without alcohol consumption. Both endurance and strength exercise have shown to be beneficial in NAFLD. PubMed database has been searched for randomized trials and prospective cohort studies in adults aged ≥ 18, rats and mice that have investigated the effects of at least 4 weeks of exercise only or combination with diet on NAFLD from 2014 to 2019. The review selected have been those in which exercise was clearly described by type, duration, intensity, and frequency, and that the NAFLD diagnosis, as well as the outcome measures, were confirmed through, at least, one of the following methods: biopsy, anthropometric measures, blood testing, ultrasonography imaging, biochemical analysis and Image Resonance Magnetic (MRI). Lifestyle has shown to greatly influence human behavior and health, however, a major factor impacting studies results is the difficulty in controlling people`s compliance with a healthier lifestyle, unlike animals that are forced to exercise over time, frequency and intensity, according to the researchers` wish. Therefore, animal studies have shown better results of the effect of exercise on the disease. However, both human and animal studies have reached a positive change in the following parameters: weight, fat percentage, blood glucose, insulin and ALT and AST levels. Physical exercise improves non-alcoholic fat liver disease (NAFLD), however, an optimum approach is still unclear. A regular and long-term systematic practice of exercise leads to better general health, body weight control, and life quality improvement.


Geriatrician impact on patient and system outcomes in formal rehabilitation settings has not been well described to date. We studied the effect of adding a geriatric medicine consultation service to a geriatric focused rehabilitation setting providing care to dialysis and non‐dialysis patients.


Ecology and the climate provide two perspectives of the same biogeophysical system at all spatiotemporal scales More effectively embracing this congruence is an opportunity to improve scientific understanding and predictions as well as for a more effective policy that integrates both the bottom-up community, business-driven framework, and the popular, top-down impact assessment framework. The objective of this paper is, therefore, to more closely integrate the diverse spectrum of scientists, engineers and policymakers into finding optimal solutions to reduce the risk to environmental and social threats by considering the ecology and climate as an integrated system. Assessments such as performed towards the 2030 Plan for Sustainable Development, with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals and its Goal 13 in particular, can achieve more progress by accounting for the intimate connection of all aspects of the Earth's biogeophysical system.


In order to change a policy while alarm-monitoring a production environment, during a production-environment operation, a method of controlling a computer system is provided, in which a policy is temporarily changed, thereby performing setting change. An agent transmits a monitoring result based on a first monitoring condition. A management unit generates a second monitoring condition based on a received change request. The agent transmits a monitoring result based on the second monitoring condition. The management unit holds information for correlating the first and second monitoring conditions with each other. Upon reception of a confirmation request for confirming the second monitoring condition, the management unit specifies the first monitoring condition correlated with the second monitoring condition based on the information. The agent which has received the deletion request stops the transmission of the monitoring result based on the first monitoring condition.


We investigated indicators of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in victims of disasters. Six hypotheses were tested: the symptoms of re-experiencing and avoidance, typical of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), would be positive predictors of PTG (h1); the Pakistanis would have lower PTG rates when compared to Brazilians (h2); higher number of traumatic events (h3), bombings and terrorism (h4) and pathological personality traits (h5) would be negative predictors of PTG; and the religiosity factor would be a positive indicator of PTG (h6). Participants included 202 subjects, 64.9% male with age ranges between 18 and 66 years (M = 28.07; SD = 8.82). Instruments used included the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and the Clinical Dimensional Personality Inventory-Screening. All hypotheses were partially corroborated. We discuss the implications of the transposition of Western evaluation methods and the posttraumatic perspective to Non-Western contexts.


Some experimentalists claimed that the augmentation of adrenaline secretion may be caused by the roentgen irradiation of the adrenal region. Risse and Poosla irradiated the roentgen ray on the upper abdomen of the rabbit, using the pupil sensitized to adrenaline by removing the superior cervical ganglion previously as an indicator of the augmentation of adrenaline secretion. They found after irradiation the dilation of the pupil at first and inferred this dilation to be attributed to the augmenta tion of the adrenaline secretion from the adrenals. Using the suprareno jugular anastomosis method, Zunz and La Barre2) observed the elevation of the blood pressure and the constriction of the spleen in a recipient dog after the roentgen irradiation in a dose of 100-300r on the adrenal region of the donor dog. Further, collecting the adrenal vein blood specimens, they measured the adrenaline content in these blood specimens and observed the increase of adrenaline content after the roentgen irradiation of the adrenal area. The same investigators observed also that the pressor effect of the roentgen irradiation of the adrenal region in rabbits was abolished by the removal of the both adrenal glands. A reduction or an augmentation of the adrenaline content in the ad renal gland caused by the irradiation of roentgen ray was observed by some experimentalists.3) It may be added here that some physicians4) applied the roentgen irradiation of the adrenal region in the treatment of some diseases, assum ing that the roentgen ray has an inhibitory effect on the adrenal glands contrary to the reports above quoted.


Background: Frozen Shoulder Capsilitis Adhesiva is a pathology that is characterized by pain, limitation of joint movement glenohumeralis either actively or passively without radiological changer. The limited nature of this condition characteristized by capsular pattern, wihich is charateristized by pain and movement more limited eksorotation of abduction as well as more limited than endorotationl. Objective: To study about physiotherapy management in reducing pain, increasing renge of motion, increase muscle strength and functional activity in the case of Frozen Shoulder capsulitis due adhesive using modalities Short Wave Deathermy, Manipulation Therapy and Therapiutic Exercise. Result: After therapy for six times the obtained result of the assessment in painful silence T:0 aT6:0, tenderness T1:5,8 a4.3, motion pain T1:9, 1 a T6:7,1, the assessment in range of motin S:T140-0-97 aT6:44-0-113, F: T1 63-0-39 a T6:88-0-55, R (F=0): T138-0-33 aT6:45-0-60, the assessment in abductor muscle strength T1: 3 – a T6: 4, Adductor R1:4- a 4
+, flexor T1:4- a T6:4+, extensor T1:4- a T6: 4+, endorotator T1: 4- a 4+, flexor T1: 4- a T6:4+ extenser T1:4- a T6: 4+, endorotator T1: 4- a T6: 4, exorotator T1:4- a T6: 4, the assessment in functional activity T1:91.25% a T6: 52,5%. Conclusion: Short Wave Deathermy can reduce pain, manipulation therapy and therapeutic exercise can improve range of motin, increase muscle strength and functional activity in condition coused by Frozen Shoudr sinistra capsulitis adhesive.


THE importance of proteolytic enzyme systems in the synthesis of the thyroid hormone has been recognized since Salter and Pearson (25), using pepsin, were able to synthesize iodoproteins possessing activity similar to that of thyroglobulin. The same results were obtained by Salter and Lerman (24) with extracts of whole thyroid glands. These authors suggested the existence of an enzyme system which could either synthesize or hydrolyse the proteins according to the thermodynamic conditions. Gersh and Caspersson (7) suggested the possibility that enzymes in the thyroid gland hydrolyse thyroglobulin into polypeptides or peptones which could pass the cell membranes. In 1941 one of us (3) was able to demonstrate the existence of definite proteolytic activity in the colloid extracted by microdissection from a single follicle, and to establish a relation between this activity and the function of the thyroid gland. From these results, which were afterwards confirmed for the total gland by Dziemian (5), it was conc...


parison of heart rate measured by Polar RS400 and ECG, validity and repeatability. Adv Physiother. 2012;14(3):115-122. 38. Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ. 2000;320(7244):1240-1243. 39. Yelling M, Lamb KL, Swaine IL. Validity of a pictorial perceived exertion scale for effort estimation and effort production during stepping exercise in adolescent children. Eur Phys Educ Rev. 2002;8(2):157-175. 40. Roemmich JN, Barkley JE, Epstein LH, Lobarinas CL, White TM, Foster JH. Validity of PCERT and OMNI walk/run ratings of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38(5):1014-1019. 41. Schofield WN. Predicting basal metabolic rate, new standards and review of previous work. Hum Nutr Clin Nutr. 1985;39(suppl 1):5-41. 42. Rose J, Gamble JG, Medeiros J, Burgos A, Haskell WL. Energy cost of walking in normal children and in those with cerebral palsy: comparison of heart rate and oxygen uptake. J Pediatr Orthop. 1989;9(3): 276-279. 43. Metz CE. Basic principles of ROC analysis. Semin Nucl Med. 1978;8(4): 283-298. 44. Jago R, Zakeri I, Baranowski T, Watson K. Decision boundaries and receiver operating characteristic curves: new methods for determining accelerometer cutpoints. J Sports Sci. 2007;25(8):937-944. 45. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33(1):159-174. 46. Littlewood RA, Davies PS, Cleghorn GJ, Grote RH. Physical activity cost in children following an acquired brain injury—a comparative study. Clin Nutr. 2004;23(1):99-104. 47. Joschtel BJ, Trost SG. Comparison of intensity-based cut-points for the RT3 accelerometer in youth. J Sci Med Sport. 2014;17(5):501-505. 48. Metcalf B, Henley W, Wilkin T. Effectiveness of intervention on physical activity of children: systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials with objectively measured outcomes BMJ. 2012;345: 1-11. 49. Van Sluijs EM, McMinn AM, Griffin SJ. Effectiveness of interventions to promote physical activity in children and adolescents: systematic review of controlled trials. BMJ. 2007;335(7622):703. 50. Bandini LG, Schoeller DA, Fukagawa NK, Wykes LJ, Dietz WH. Body composition and energy expenditure in adolescents with cerebral palsy or myelodysplasia. Pediatr Res. 1991;29(1):70-77.


Persona is a designerly artefact rapidly expanding cross-culturally. However a paucity of models to get/communicate cultural aspects vital to design; a lack of empirical projects dealing with persona artefacts as research foci, and the upsurge of objects produced via research-by-design encourage this cross-cultural study of personas co-designed neither in the Global North nor in the Global South, but in Spanish and Mexican rural sites. Results show both tactics having relevance in co-creating personas with the users to tackle micro-cultural aspects in each site. Each of the two approaches though is held and led in a different manner, with the Mexican being a User-Centred Design (UCD) style, and the Spanish a participatory innovation research-by-design exploration. Both means of persona representations come as valuable contributions to the HCI literature on design of communications across cultures, for involving users in persona design can legitimately augment the accomplishment of designs beyond rest-of-life technologies.


With the sustainable development of China's economy and fierce market competition,the skilled and practical marketing talents are becoming scarce. This paper studies the characteristics of marketing specialty,changes traditional infusion teaching mode,adapts advanced teaching mode,and then proposes the teaching mode of "trinity system",namely,applying case teaching method,situational simulation teaching method and practical teaching method to stimulate students' learning desire and interest so as to enable them to learn how to think and discuss and apply the knowledge skillfully with the guidance of their teachers on the basis of constructivist teaching thought. The focus is put on cultivating students' comprehensive ability to adjust to the changes and demands of the market.


The present invention provides a compound of formula (I) or a compound of cosmetically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) or their compounds or mixtures containing two or more salts thereof (wherein, R The present invention further human skin and / or compositions comprising one or more compounds of formula (I) which are suitable for hair lightening and cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical formulation (composition) and the corresponding a method for. The present invention further compound of formula (I) as a medicament, to certain novel compounds of use thereof and wherein for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for human skin and / or hair-lightening (I). [Formula 1] (I)


Introduction : Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common disease with unknown etiology and no treatment. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between serum antioxidants level and clinical manifestation. Change in antioxidant level can lead inflammatory reaction through oxidative stress. Materials & Methods : A total 50 patients were selected for this cross sectional study. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPX) and total antioxidant status (TAS) was measured in plasma. Also pain intensity based on the visual analogue scale (VAS), the mean interval between lesion, number of lesions and the mean duration of complete healing were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed by using spearman, chi square and T-test. Results : We had 50 patients include 28 female and 22 male. Mean and standard deviation was for TAS (1.35±0.15), GPX (178.42±39.67) and SOD (257.86±63.17). Number of lesion and duration of RAS had direct relationship with pain severity. Pain intensity and GPX and SOD were significant (respectively 0.05, 0.04). GPX and SOD level was indirectly related (p=0.04). Conclusion : We could show that RAS patients had alteration in SOD and GPX level but TAS level was stable. Against TAS level which had no change, with more lesion and severe pain GPX level is lower and SOD level was higher. These two antioxidants were related indirectly. Key Words : Recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Antioxidants, Symptoms, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPX), total antioxidant status (TAS).


Noninvasive determination of biological tissue optical properties parameters has important signification and extensive application in diagnostic and therapeutics medicine.In order to get the optimal identification of the optical properties parameters,annealing genetic algorithm according to the superficial diffuse reflection photon distribution,which emerged when a collimated laser beam normally incident upon and propagated through the tissue,is proposes.The simultaneous reconstruction of multiple parameters in highly scattering biological tissue is realized well.


The invention discloses a steel wire gauze perlite outer wall heat insulation board, which comprises a board body formed by pressing a perlite filling material; multiple columns of waveform steel wires are embedded into the board body; bent tip convex parts at one side of the waveform steel wires are embedded into the board body, and metal reinforcing bars are welded on the bent tip convex parts; and the bent tip convex parts at the other side of the waveform steel wires are exposed out of the side board surface of the board body, and steel wire gauze sheets are welded on the bent tip convex parts. The invention also discloses a manufacturing method and an installation structure of the outer wall heat insulation board. According to the technical scheme, because the waveform steel wires and the metal reinforcing bars are embedded into the board body made of the perlite filling material, the fireproof and heat insulation effects of the outer wall heat insulation board can be ensured, and the board body has high strength and is convenient to construct and install.


This article scrutinizes the network of Twitter users on the dissemination of tweets on the Old-Age Guarantee policy in Indonesia. A qualitative method with social media network analysis approach was used. Then, data sources were obtained from Twitter social media through #JHT_JokowiHarusTurun, #jaminanharitua, and #JHT. Furthermore, to manage data source, NVivo 12 plus software was used to analyze qualitative data from Twitter social media – including dissemination rate of tweets, followed by geographical map tweet stream, Twitter user' network pattern, sentiment proportion, as well as words frequencies. Our results indicate that there are networks found from Twitter users with some account backgrounds in politicians, political parties, governments, online news media, actors and also cultural practitioners who participate in disseminating tweets. Even this network generated the significant distribution patterns and sentiments to a moderately negative value, coupled with pleasantries that are echoed between protests and support by words cloud to this movement. Overall, our research contributes to better understanding of how social media-promoted collective protest movements have the power to impact public opinion and policy and that their evolution is unexpected.


PT. Kawan Lama Ace Hardware is a retail company engaged in lifestyle equipment and products. More than 3,500 types of products are available at competitive prices, fulfilling almost all the daily needs of consumers. PT. Kawan Lama Ace Hardware lacks analysis of sales of goods and entry of goods or inventory in the warehouse, besides that the company has never analyzed the sales of goods so it does not know whether the previous year's product sales are more than the current year and what products are most in demand in the company while the number Such large data can be a problem and overwhelmed in calculating existing products at the company requires a Tanagra application that can classify the results of sales of car products.


Every diver intuitively understands that the depth, duration and ascent protocol of a dive are perhaps the most important determinants of the risk of decompression illness (DCI). In general, we assume that the longer and deeper the dive, the more nitrogen is absorbed, and the greater the risk; especially if the longer duration and deeper depth are not compensated for with a suitable ascent (decompression) protocol.