To determine whether a community of phytophagous insects on oceanic islands (the fauna of insects feeding internally on Glochidion trees in south‐eastern Polynesia) was assembled predominantly through niche conservatism or adaptive radiation.


time segment and a spatial multidimensional torus, we inves-tigate nonlocal two-point problem with dependent coe(cid:14)cients on a smooth curve in conditions for typeless partial di(cid:11)erential equation of the second order in time variable. Conditions for the one-valued solvability of the problem are established. Metric theorem on lower bound of small denominators on smooth curve are proved.


Mr. President and Gentlemen:—My excuse for the presentation of a paper on the fourth degree prism in the correction of hyperphoria, is based on the belief that ophthalmologists as a body are not analyzing these cases with a view to correcting so small an amount of error. I shall waste none of your valuable time by reference to the differences of opinion which prevail regarding heterophoria in general, but will proceed directly to give the results of my experience with the correction of hyperphoria of low degrees. It has doubtless been the lot of every member of this Section to meet cases of asthenopia so nearly approximating emmetropia, and having so little apparent disturbance of muscular equilibrium, that it seemed impossible to account for the symptoms, and they have continued to suffer uncorrected. These cases were made much less frequent by the valuable contribution of Dr. Chisholm on "The Value


Author(s): XIAO, QIAN | Advisor(s): XU, HONGQUAN | Abstract: Maximin distance designs as an important class of space-filling designs are widely used today, yet their constructions are challenging. In this article, we develop a 3-step procedure which can efficiently generate maximin distance Latin hypercube designs and maximin distance fractional factorial designs. This new method selects existing efficient low-level designs to generate high-level maximin distance designs via level expansion. The generated maximin distance designs are of flexible run and factor sizes and also have robust pairwise correlations. To justify this method, we derive the relationships of the distance distributions between the initial low-level designs and the generated high-level designs. We also prove the relationships between the generalized word length patterns of the initial low-level designs and the distance distributions of the generated high-level designs. Examples are presented to show that this new method outperforms many current prevailing methods in generating maximin distance designs.


1. A humanized monoclonal antibody or fragment thereof which specifically bind to human interleukin-2 (IL2),! wherein said humanized monoclonal antibody neutralizes the activity of human IL2 by binding to said human IL2 prior to, during and / or after the binding of said human IL2 to the human IL2 receptor, and! wherein the light chain variable region of said humanized monoclonal antibody comprises in its second framework region the contiguous amino acid sequence KAPKA. ! 2. The humanized monoclonal antibody or fragment thereof according to claim 1, wherein the sequence of contiguous amino acids is KAPKA at amino acid positions 42-46 of the second framework region. ! 3. The humanized monoclonal antibody or fragment thereof according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first, third and / or fourth light chain framework region correspond (s) the sequence of the / those region in the human germ line. ! 4. The humanized monoclonal antibody or fragment thereof according to claim 1 wherein the light chain variable region further comprises in its CDR1-region amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, in its CDR2-region amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 and in its CDR3-region amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3; and wherein the heavy chain variable region comprises in its CDR1-region amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, in its CDR2-region amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 and in its CDR3-region amino acid sequence described in SE


Precis: The Effects of Traumatic and Abusive Relationships
Topic. The journal article, "The Effects of Traumatic and Abusive Relationships" (2009), analyzes data
on reported types of abusive relationships and the resulting emotional, physiological and cognitive
effects of these traumatic experiences.


The dissertation thesis deals with the investigation of the coexistence of GSM– EDGE and UMTS systems with focus on the physical layer of the systems. The aim is to provide a set of recommendations for practical cooperation while the systems operate in both the separated and the common radio bands. A detailed description of signal processing of both the systems on the physical layer is presented. On the basis of this description, models of both systems were created and implemented in the MATLAB environment. The simulations are focused on the physical layer quality parameters, especially the bit error ratio evaluation for various ratios of useful signal power to noise power during the transmission over the radio channel. Simulation is also used to examine the quality of received useful signal while it is interfered by signals from the same and adjacent channels. The purpose is to determine the isolation between these adjacent channels, when the bit error ratio of the useful signal does not exceed a certain reference value. The simulation results are subsequently subjected to comparison with the results of the experimental measurements in laboratory conditions. Before the measurements are carried out, a study of possible interference types is performed. Consequently, the crucial parameters of the measuring equipment used are verified. ii From the results of simulations and measurements, the proposal of a minimum and recommended carrier separation between both the systems is presented in order to efficiently utilize the assigned frequency spectrum. Furthermore, for the cooperation in both the separated and the common radio bands, the necessary precautions are given for reaching the required isolation and thereby inter-system interference minimization.


The Purcell effect on the spontaneously emission rate and fluorescence efficiency of nanoparticles with and without a silver nanoshell will be investigated which are important for nanoparticle applications in biomedical diagnostics, information storage and optoelectronics Introduction Fluorescent nanomaterials, including organic and metallorganic dye molecules, fluorescent proteins, IIVI and III-V compound semiconductor nanoparticles, polymer/dye-based nanoparticles and silica/dye hybrid particles, have been the subject of intensive research in recent years for their vast applications ranging from biomedical therapeutics and diagnostics to information storage and optoelectronics. A wide range of physical and chemical methods has been developed for the synthesis of nanoparticles and nanoscale core-shell structures with controllable core radius and shell thicknesses [10,11]. For fluorescence based applications, fluorescence efficiency, i.e. the external quantum efficiency ( ext η ) of the emitter, is an important issue. Due to the existence of pronounced nonradiative decay of excitons in the nanoscale structure, low ext η is an often-observed feature. Most of the strategies so far employed aim to reduce the nonradiative decay rate [12-14] for improving the fluorescence efficiency. The direct and effective approach to improve ext η is to increase radiative decay rate[15] and the outcoupling efficiency since ext η is the product of internal quantum efficiency and the outcoupling efficiency. The enhancement of radiative decay rate results in the Purcell enhancement of the internal quantum yield [16,17]. However, there are few studies on increasing the radiative decay rate and out-coupling efficiency simultaneously in core-shell nanoparticles to enhance the fluorescence efficiency. Here, we will address this issue through a rigorous theoretical study on the spontaneous emission (SE) rate and the outcoupling efficiency of emitters in nanoscale structure. The study can provide a better physical understanding and optimal design of the nanostructure to achieve high-efficiency fluorescence.


The Multistage model for diatomic molecules scattering from a solid surface is presented, which is based on a large body of data obtained from molecular dynamics simulations and molecular beam experiments. The molecular dynamics method is used for the numerical analysis of the scattering of an oxygen gas molecule from a clean graphite surface. The angular and velocity distributions agree well with experimental results, which were shown in our previous report. The scattering direction, translational energy and rotational energy of the gas molecule after each collision are saved as the data base. The basic idea of the model is to separate the collision into different stages. At each stage, the energy loss, the scattering direction and the trapping probability of the gas molecule are determined. The angular and velocity distribution of the model agrees with those of molecular beam experiments.


Objective: To observe the efficacy of angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonist in the reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with essential hypertension (EH). Methods: 58 patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy were given erbesartan 150 mg a day for 3 months. Blood pressure measurements and color Doppler echocardiography parameters before and after treatment were compared. Results: After treatment with erbesartan, blood pressure decreased significantly (P0.01) in the 58 patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. Ventricular septal thickness (LVSD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVDS), diastolicleft ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) also showed significant improvement (P0.01). Conclusion: In addition to significant antihypertension effect, erbesartan can also reverse left ventricular hypertrophy and reduce myocardial remodeling in patients with essential hypertension.


SUMMARYThis paper looks at the problems facing formulators and processors involved with electroless nickel deposition onto aluminium. It discusses the interactions of chemistry that have led to the development of systems available today to meet market requirements and the influences of operating procedures on the success of the process.


Composite bridge plug is easy to drill and mill.It produces lighter and smaller chips while drilling and milling and no sticking occurs.Combining bridge plug setting with perforating is able to shorten operation period for staged fracturing of horizontal wells,and in another,using its internal single-flow valve structure is likely to realize a rapid flowback after fracturing and fast production.The application of composite bridge plug in Jianghan Jianye HF-1 horizontal well has yielded desired result in plugging and buffering with no leakage and shifting occurring in fracturing.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate some new Pachpatte type delay integral inequalities on time scales by introducing two adjusting parameters,which provide improved bounds on unknown functions.Our results include many existing ones in the literature as special cases.


The work of the Section will not be confined to the tropics-mining and hot industries such as smelting, and even kitchens and laundries, provide examples of unfavourable hot environments occurring in temperate climates. It has been shown by many investigators that, in such industries, as the temperature and humidity increase, so do the number of accidents, the incidence of absenteeism and the turnover in employment, and there is a decline in the quality and total output of work. The advance of industrialization in this country will make these matters progressively more important.


Samples of milk and milk products from various dairies were examined from the presence of enteric bacteria. Escherichia coli , Salmonella typhi , Shigella dysenteriae , Shigella flexneriae , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Proteus vulgaris and Vibrio cholerae were detected in different milk products. Maximum incidence of enteric bacteria was encountered in raw milk (100%) followed by pasteurized milk (64%), curd (48%), cream (36%) and flavoured milk (28%) samples with the predominant incidence of E. coli , S. typhi , S. dysenteriae , V. cholerae , Sh. flexneriae , Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus vulgaris . The enteric isolates also showed multi-drug resistance (MDR) towards the different class of antibiotics tested. Maximum MDR was observed with the isolates of K. pneumoniae (100%) followed by E. coli (65%), S. typhi (50%), S. dysenteriae (40%), S. flexneriae (35%), P. vulgaris and V. cholerae (20%). Presence of diverse range of enteric bacteria in milk and milk products indicates the distribution of poor quality products that do not meet regulation standards. Thus the findings of the present study warrants the need for education programs for dairy producers and processing persons.


Introduction Despite improvement of mental health outcomes over the last years in Tunisia, there are still striking rural-urban mental health inequalities. Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the rural-urban differences in accessing mental health care among patients with psychiatric disorders Methods A cross sectional and descriptive survey was conducted between March and April 2021 in the department of psychiatry D of Razi Hospital including 70 patients admitted or treated as outpatients. The sex ratio was 1. Results The participants were aged between 17 and 68. About 11.42% came from rural areas. In these areas, 75% percent had low income versus 30.64% in urban areas. (p=0.047) The percentage of celibacy in urban areas was 68.85% versus 37.5% in rural areas (p=0.042) No significant difference was observed between the level of education and living in rural or urban areas. There was no association between rural or urban origin and number of admissions or treatment adherence or use of cannabis. The mean time between symptoms onset and consulting was 8.51 years in rural areas versus 2 years in urban areas. Moreover, time between symptoms onset and admission was significantly associated with rural or urban origin (p=0.045). The mean duration was 13,33 years (±10) in rural areas versus 3.12 years (±4.13). Conclusions Families living in urban areas had better income and would come to psychiatric hospital earlier. Therefore, we should help patients in rural areas access to mental health facilities for a better medical care. Disclosure No significant relationships.


If you wanted to buy a home appliance, you could find more information than if you needed to choose the best hospital--until now. The Leapfrog Group has just released its first comparative hospital data for more than 200 hospitals nationwide.


This paper considers the problem of minimizing the $L_p$-norm of the truncation error for consistent multistep methods for integrating an ordinary differential equation. It is shown that the minimum is attained uniquely by the trapezoidal rule. For a given left-hand side, the right-hand side which gives a minimum is constructed, and it is proved that this method is essentially the trapezoidal rule.


In this study, the stirrup ratio in reinforced concrete elements, the impact of the concrete class and concrete type on torsional behavior have been investigated. Eight beams with SCC and twelve beams with CC were manufactured. The compressive strength of concrete 20 MPa with 40 MPa; the concrete type conventional concrete with self-compacting concrete and web spacing 80 mm with 100 mm was designed as the main parameter of this study. The dimension of samples of 250x300x1500 mm, 16 mm for longitudinal reinforcement, 8 mm for web were designed and these parameters was constant for all samples. The beams samples were subjected to torsion test 28 days after preparation. The torsional moment capacity and the rotation angles of the concrete beams subjected to torsional moment was investigated. The torsional moment capacity of the beam samples with conventional and self-compacting concrete were compared. It was experimentally observed that the beams samples with self-compacting concrete that have same parameters with the beam samples with conventional concrete reached higher torsional moment values than the beams with conventional concrete. Similarly, the rotation angles of the self-compacting concrete series have lower values than conventional concrete series. The torsional moment values measured experimentally were compared with the torsional moment values calculated theoretically according to American Standard, European * Corresponding author Received: 07.06.2016 e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Accepted: 20.07.2016 Sinop Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Sinop Uni J Nat Sci 1(1): 2332 (2016) ISSN: 2536-4383 24 Standard, Australia Standard, British Standard and Turkish Standard. The values closest to the experimental results are the values calculated according to the Australian Standard.


This study describes the history of the salt monopoly in Indonesia because it is associated with the issue of salt crisis lately, widely reported in various media. This study tried to find answers to the relationship between monopoly and crisis events through the study of history. Monopoly policy by the government of the colonial period is actually an industrial modernization effort, but it turned out another impact. Although the colonial government wanted to issue a policy that ends strengthens the position of the government in the industry, but ultimately backfire and disasters in the salt industry at the time. This article discusses only the focus of the salt monopoly in Madura as a selection of events, arguing the island as a center of salt in Indonesia. The method used in this study using a review of history. Therefore, their explanations using historical sources. Methodologically through the process of collecting historical sources, criticize these sources, synthesize and interpret the analysis in an array of historical writing. In conclusion, although the salt monopoly policy gives a great advantage to the colonial government, but the overall population of Madura remains in a poor state. It is evident that the Madurese to migrate Madurese to various areas outside the island of Madura, to fix the economy.


The raising attention to Ecosystem Services mapping becomes a key element aimed to increase the ecological and economic assessment of planning during decision-making processes. Nonetheless, even if the biophysical assessment of Ecosystem Services reached great results, it remains less explored how to bridge the gap that separates analysis from a project. The land use plan is the product of a long-term interaction between stakeholders and Public Administrations involved in a decision-making process, and often the technological models aimed to visualize the spatial distribution of environmental data do not match the needs of "simple" outputs to reach "complex" solutions. Concerning Ecosystem Services, it has been studied that Green Infrastructures design seems to be a feasible output derived from a highly specialized analytical skill aimed to support territorial projects for land use management. In the paper, a methodology of Green Infrastructure design is proposed, given a spatial distribution of different Ecosystem Services.


Directive 2001/18/EC was amended by Directive 2015/412 with a view of granting the Member States the right to prohibit or to limit the cultivation of GMOs in accordance with a harmonised authorisation procedure. This chapter explains the rationale for this reform, which might at first sight appear to be somewhat disconcerting from the viewpoint of the proper functioning of the internal market.


The purpose of the investment is to improve the current level of life satisfaction by achieving investment goals. Investors tend to attain high levels of life satisfaction when their investment goals are achieved and lower levels of life satisfaction when goals are far from achievement. The idiosyncratic characteristics of an individual may often hamper the achievement of investment goals and ultimately influence the level of life satisfaction. These characteristics can either contribute towards low life satisfaction or high life satisfaction. Income and the subjective financial well-being play a determining role in whether an investor has a positive or negative life satisfaction. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine whether income and subjective financial well-being have an influence on the life satisfaction of investors. The results of this study reveal that a strong relationship exists between income, financial well-being, and life satisfaction. Investors who perceived themselves, to have high financial well-being were more likely to have high life satisfaction. On the contrary, investors with low perceived financial well-being were more likely to have low life satisfaction. Similar results were observed for income and life satisfaction since a positive relationship was also found.


In post-crisis era,the circumstance of the oil industry happened significant changes for rising oil prices and depleting oil resources.Shandong Province is China's main oil-producing provinces,through the SWOT analysis of the advantages,disadvantages,opportunities and threats,proposed policy recommendations that to keep the oil resources sustainable supply and utilization,building a strategic oil reserve base,formulating industrial policy to promote sustainable development,and building the advanced economic and social environment,in order to guarantee the development of economic in the new situation.


Abstract : Founded in 2003, the Acquisition Research Program (ARP) has become an institutional, multi-disciplinary entity. Since inception, over 100 reports and papers have been published, thereby making a significant contribution to the body of literature on the defense acquisition process. Through these research products, ARP sponsors are receiving substantial help with and insights into the pressing business issues of the day. Wednesday's session included: Panel 1, Plenary Panel: Acquisition Reform; Panel 2: Crossing the Valley of Death, Technology Transition; Panel 3: Evolving Defense Industrial Base; Panel 4; Organizational Behavior in Acquisition Organizations; Panel 5: Open Architecture, Open Business Models and Collaboration for Acquisition; Panel 6: Contracting for Support of Military Operations; Panel 7: Complexity and Collaboration in Acquisition Organizations; Panel 8: Implementing Open Architecture; Panel 9: Competitive Sourcing Savings: Reality or Illusion? and Panel 10: Evolving Technologies in DoD Acquisition.


Lung cancer is one of the most incident tumors worldwide, characterized by a very bad prognosis due to its high mortality even in early stages [...].


The utility model discloses a UPS storage battery cabinet and a base station machine room temperature control system applying the same. The UPS storage battery cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a ventilation module and a refrigerating/heating module, wherein the ventilation module is arranged on the wall of the cabinet body. Compared with the prior art, the temperature inside the UPS storage battery cabinet is controlled accurately by novel structural design, and the temperature control system applying the UPS storage battery cabinet and temperature control systems without the UPS storage battery cabinet in a base station machine room are adjusted separately, thus playing a role in saving energy and reducing emission, being capable of optimizing the working efficiency of the storage battery, and greatly prolonging the service life of the storage battery.


The present invention relates to a stapler or a stapler binding seat with binding rulers. In a way that a binding seat assembly with a binding ruler is set for a current stapler, the problems that for a current stapler, in binding, more than two staples are usually not in the same binding line, are not parallel to the binding side, or are not in an equal distance to the binding side, and the distances relative to upper and lower edges of a page do not meet the requirement of binding etc. are solved. The stapler can be removed from the binding seat for independent use, and can be used via cooperation with the binding seat. The binding seat provides values of distance between the upper and lower edges of a piece of paper and the center point of the staple, and the binding line distance and the parallel relationship. The invention also discloses a scheme that rulers are detachably installed at the two sides of the base of the stapler, and when a ruler is removed from the base, an installing head at one end of the ruler can be combined to the corresponding installing seat at the corresponding side of a stapler transformer in the front part of the base, and the installing position of the installing head can be adjusted in a forward and backward way on the installing seat, and therefore, the effect of adjusting the binding line distance is provided.


Induction motors are one of the most convenient sources of motive power available, and starters for induction motors are very important devices. With improved motor designs and the advent of thyristors, designs of starter have changed considerably and will change even more in the future


The temperature dependence of the upper critical magnetic fields of exceptionally low-defect-density films of the superconducting compound NbC has been investigated, and previously unknown parameters of this clean superconductor and its electronic characteristics have been evaluated. An electron density of states at the Fermi level equal to 1.3 states/eV{center_dot}Nb atom, a Fermi velocity equal to 2.2X10{sup 7} cm/s, a plasma frequency equal to 3.6 eV, and a coherence length {xi}{sub 0}=24 nm have been obtained with an electron mean free path exceeding 40 nm. A vortex-free state existing over the entire temperature range below T{sub c}, which causes a many-fold increase in the critical magnetic field of the films when the field is aligned parallel to their surface, has been discovered in very thin films of superconducting niobium carbide. 21 refs., 3 figs.


This paper surveys some of the issues involved in building useful distributed systems involving PC's and hosts. Alternative communications techniques for micro-mainframe communication are compared. The point of view is presented that the PC user should be provided with a unified view of the heterogeneous distributed system to which he is connected. The proposed method is to formalize the notion of a service request and provide distributed services by function shipping service requests to remote nodes able to provide the service, e.g., personal computers will ship requests which they cannot satisfy locally to hosts on the network. Providing a unified view of data which allows PC application programs to access files on mainframes is an example of a service which can be built by intercepting and shipping service requests. Examples from current IBM products are used to illustrate approaches. The views presented are the authors' own, based on systems research in progress at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center.


In cognitive radio networks, spectrum trading between primary and secondary users can be used to improve spectrum utilization. Most of previous work on spectrum trading does not consider security issues. One crucial assumption behind cooperative spectrum trading is that the radio nodes can always be trusted. However, this assumption may not be valid in some networks, especially in hostile environments. In this paper, we propose a secure cooperative spectrum trading scheme based on a reversed Stackelberg game. In our proposed model, the primary user can supervise whether the secondary user cooperates or not and detect the compromised actions. A supervising-cooperating mechanism is introduced to punish the compromised nodes. Numerical results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.


The development of a new drug is not only complex but also requires a major investment in time, resources, patients, and most important, a


The present invention discloses a method and a compressed air energy storage thermoelectric energy storage system for the joint, the storage method comprising: lack turboexpander through a high-pressure gas and the gas pressure regulator into the heat exchanger, then in turn by heating the regenerator and the combustion chamber, back turboexpander; means high pressure gas and gas turboexpander spent gas enters the ejector different from the intake port, the high pressure gas through the gas acceleration device, drop after pressing, the gas pressure is lower than the pressure of the spent gas; heat generated by the operation of the compressor through a cooling heat exchanger and by the heat of the cooling water heat exchanger to produce hot water. The present invention can make full use of renewable energy, reducing the consumption of non-renewable energy; and through the ejector regulator reduces the pressure of the compressed gas adjusting the energy loss in the process; and the waste heat can be effectively utilized, to realize cogeneration.


ABSTRACT Viewshed analysis of six Paleoindian sites in Jefferson, New Hampshire, and one Paleoindian site in Randolph, New Hampshire, supports the interpretation that Early and Middle Paleoindian inhabitants were focused on the systematic hunting of caribou. This is supported by the positioning of the sites on the landscape and the differential content of artifact assemblages in the sites and function-specific areas within the sites. Strategically placed vantage points and concentrated household encampments along with function-specific workshops have distinct distributions. Further, the focus on caribou hunting is interpreted as a necessary adaptation to cold stress induced by extreme cold winters during the Younger Dryas Chronozone.


Optical constants of semiconductor substrate used in production of integrated circuits are very different from that of crystalline and pure Silicon. The front side of the wafer may have a region which is opaque or may be semi-transparent even at elevated temperatures. The back side of the production substrate has gettering treatment which also alters the optical parameters. This work shows that those optical constants as described in previous publications are not relevant to the state of the art production type of material. The relationship between optical constants and emissivity is discussed and compared with measured data.


THE CHOICE AND CHARACTER OF THE EXHIBITION SITE AND THE INTERNAL TRANSPORTATION PROBLEMS WHICH IT POSED ARE BRIEFLY DISCUSSED. THE SOLUTIONS ADOPTED ARE STATED WITH BASIC DATA ON MAJOR TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN BY THE EXHIBITION CORPORATION. NAMELY: /1/ MONTREAL ISLAND - ILE SAINTE-HELENE CONNECTION /BRIDGE OF NATIONS/, /2/ INTER- ISLAND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM /EXPO EXPRESS/, AND /3/ INTRA- ISLAND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS /MINIRAIL/. SOME DESCRIPTIVE MATERIAL IS INCLUDED ON MINOR INTERNAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND PARKING FACILITIES. NO ATTEMPT IS MADE TO DESCRIBE RELATED PROJECTS OUTSIDE THE BOUNDARIES OF THE EXHIBITION GROUNDS WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE METRO SYSTEM, BEING CONSTRUCTED BY THE CITY OF MONTREAL, WHICH IS CONSIDERED THE MOST IMPORTANT PUBLIC TRANSPORT FEEDER TO THE SITE. PERTINENT SCHEDULE AND PROGRESS INFORMATION IS GIVEN, WITH THE OBJECT OF ANSWERING THE MOST POPULAR QUESTION ABOUT EXPO '67 - WILL IT BE FINISHED ON TIME? /AUTHOR/


This article analyses the impact of social background on the probability of over-education in a cohort of Spanish university graduates born in the 1970's and...


This paper describes Japan fs past and current fiscal situations and discusses necessary actions for future fiscal consolidation. Since 1990s, the government expenditure has steadily increased due to growing social security benefits along with aging society, but the level of government revenue has little changed. Despite the increase in government debt, actions for fiscal consolidation have been delayed due to lax monetary condition and lack of continuous commitment with public support. Since political support for fiscal policies are asymmetric between gausterity h and gexpansion f, it is vital for achieving fiscal consolidation to set up legislative fiscal rules with concrete targets and tractable measures, in addition to basic Public Finance Law.


We report the preparation of various plastic scintillators embedding the carbazole moiety. Thanks to advantageous luminescence properties and versatility, it is a candidate of choice for such applications. Based on various modifications of the carbazole pattern, it can play various roles: as the polymer matrix, as the primary or even as the secondary fluorophore. In this context, several examples are provided and commented. Embedded in the polymer matrix, PVK and poly(styrene-co-N-vinylcarbazole) were prepared by bulk radical polymerization. N-(2-ethylhexyl)carbazole (EHCz) is a particularly suited molecule which can act either as a primary fluorophore when used at low concentrations (eventually coupled with POPOP or bis-MSB as wavelength shifter), or as both primary and secondary fluorophore if the concentration inside the polymer matrix is elevated. The second option involves the emission of the excimer of the molecule. EHCz was compared with a cousin molecule, namely N-(ethyl)carbazole. Lastly, another carbazole-containing molecule (4CzIPN) was loaded in a polymer matrix as secondary fluorophore. Scintillation results show its efficiency to shift the scintillation response to wavelengths close to 500 nm. Thus, several new plastic scintillators were prepared, and their main photophysical properties given. The scintillation properties were also recorded and commented, which highlight the interest of carbazole derivatives as fluorophore in this area of nuclear detection.


To meet the request of real-time control and the flexility of the Stochastic Parallel Gradient Descent (SPGD) algorithm for Adaptive Optics (AO) system, an implementation of the SPGD algorithm in FPGA was proposed. Firstly, the diagram of the SPGD algorithm controlling system was designed. Then, the key modules were processed for real-time control, and a deformable-mirror controlling module that can be updated for future application was designed according to the pipeline and RAM techniques. Based on this implementation, a laser beam focusing system with a 61-element deformable mirror and high frame-frequency CCD was built. The experimental results demonstrate that the AO system can correct static distorted wave-front successfully with different system performance metrics and can also control deformable mirror and tilt mirror simultaneously.


The connotation of ecological civilization was dissected from the perspective of productive forces and production relations. The causes of eco-environmental problems were explored and the relationships among technology,economy and environment analyzed based on the evolution of human civilization. The significance of technological innovation and advancement in ecological civilization construction was discussed. The research shows that science and technology are important driving forces on human civilization evolution,but also the roots of the global and regional eco-environmental problems. The core of ecological civilization is the harmonious coexistence between human and nature. With the connotation in conformity with that of the Scientific Outlook of Development,ecological civilization in nature is the adjustment and reconstruction of the relationship between human and nature which is based on modern industrial civilization. It builds resources-saving and environmental-friendly production models and green consumption patterns in the scale of sustainable development of earth ecosystems and its goal is to achieve the harmony between environmental and economic development,and the integration between human and nature. The construction of ecological civilization depends on green technology revolution,and the environmental engineering and technical innovation are the important impetus on it. Finally,aiming at the environmental strategic demands and the increasingly deteriorative environmental problems in China,six basic principles and six key fields were proposed for the future development of environmental engineering and technical innovation.


A subgroup H is called c-normal in group G if there exists a normal subgroup N of G such that HN = G and H \ N Core(H) . In this paper we study c-normal subgroups in some classes of finite groups.


The structure and the technical and didactic characteristics of a novel thermal simulation system (DJOSER) for electronic device and system mounting structures and based on an analytical resolution strategy, are shown and discussed by means of several applicative examples having large importance in the optimum reliability-oriented design of electronic power handling.


Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are the major cell type in the epior sub-retinal membranes in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), which is a blinding fibrotic eye disease and still short of effective medicine. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate if Chalocomoracin (CMR), a novel purified compound from fungus-infected mulberry leaves, is able to inhibit vitreous-induced signaling events and cellular responses intrinsic to PVR. Our studies have revealed that the CMR IC50 for ARPE-19 cells is 35.5 μM at 72 hours, and that 5 μM CMR inhibits vitreous-induced Akt activation and p53 suppression; in addition we have discovered that this chemical effectively blocks vitreous-stimulated proliferation, migration and contraction of ARPE19 cells, suggesting that CMR is a promising PVR prophylactic.


Abstract This article assesses the various accounts put forward to explain the disappointing outcomes thus far of 'civil society participation' in the design and implementation of Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (prsps) in aid-receiving countries throughout the world. While donors' technical and depoliticised explanations prove particularly unhelpful, other more radical perspectives, though insightful, often lack sufficient subtlety in their analyses. The article goes on to consider and critique commentators' various visions and prescriptions for prsp participation. Finding within participation aid's classic paradox—where it can work it is not needed and where it might be needed it cannot work—the article predicts a bleak future for prsp participation and argues that the project's failure may exacerbate the crisis of legitimacy faced by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, a crisis that led these organisations to launch the prsp initiative in the first place.


AbstractThe majority of American hospitals utilize a drug formulary to guide the prescribing decisions of physicians who practice within this setting. In order to strengthen formulary performance, six administrative procedures - periodic evaluation, informal screening, explicit drug approval, educational campaigns, informal assessment, and periodic surveys of users—are recommended. Because of certain limitations inherent in these micro inputs, four macro strategies are proposed to support formulary implementation.Presented at the 25th Annual Pharmacy Congress, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY, April 7, 1983.


The revolution of the world economy and higher education are driving profound changes in the engineering education system. Worldwide adaptation of outcome-based education framework and enhanced focus on higher-order learning and professional skills necessitates a paradigm shift in traditional practices of curriculum design, education delivery, and assessment. In recent years, worldwide sweeping reforms are being undertaken to bring about essential changes in engineering education in terms of what to teach (content) and how to teach (knowledge delivery) and how to assess (student learning). MHRD and AICTE jointly introduce so many new professional skills through MOOCs and also set some performance indicator to measure the outcomes. This chapter deals with the critical issues present in technical institutions and how it can be neutralized through POs, PSOs, PEOs, and Bloom's Taxonomy.


There are two well-attested readings of Rev 22.14, the seventh and final blessing in the book. The reading accepted in the UBS 4th edition is , 'Blessed are those who wash their robes' (RSV). Most twentieth-century NT editions, including Nestle-Aland, and most commentators agree with the UBS. But, in my view, the original text is the other well-attested reading, , 'Blessed are those who do his commandments' (footnote in RSV). The manuscript attestation and versional evidence is not decisive for either reading, but patristic references, literary analysis, and consistency with the worldview in Revelation all favour the reading .


A displacement sensing circuit for an automobile brake switch is presented. The circuit generates a control signal for the electronic control unit of an automobile during the brake being pressed. By using the eddy current on the metal plate induced by the oscillation circuit of the sensor, high speed non-contact switching is implemented. The proposed circuit is well suited for the replacement of the conventional metallic switch for the safety of the vehicle.


Hakka practice the Confucian philosophy of "self-cultivating,family-regulating,state-ordering,the land great governed".Whether the self-assessment or others' assessment,the traditional virtues of "revering elders and caring youths,honest and trustworthy,morality heart,spirit of dedication to the community," and many other indicators have a high acceptance,which shows Hakka have a good moral culture tradition.With the wave of social modernization,Hakka also show the hysteretic nature in the process of psychological culture development,this research puts forward countermeasures.


The invention relates to an implementation method of data exchange, in particular to an implementation method for middleware collaborative exchange among medical information systems with different structures, and belongs to the technical field of processing of medical data. According to the technical scheme of method, the implementation method for middleware collaborative exchange among the medical information systems with the different structures comprises a sampling terminal, a relay station and an expert system. The sampling terminal is connected with the relay station, and the relay station is connected with the expert system. The sampling terminal transmits the collected medical information to the relay station, the relay station converts the medical information into the medical information middleware of an HL7 information type, the relay station transmits the middleware of the medical information to the expert system, and the expert system carries out analysis on the middleware of the medical information. The implementation method for the middleware collaborative exchange among the medical information systems with the different structures can achieve data exchange among different medical information systems, and is convenient to operate, wide in application range, safe and reliable.


Under the new situation of the reform in courses, we should make the mathematical teaching for primary schools as new course achieve five transitions, that is to say, the transition of teaching concept, the transition of teaching focal points, the transition of teaching mode ,the transition of assessment of students and the transition of moral education infiltration.


For the purpose of researching the natural bonding behavior of different interfaces between steel and concrete in SRC structures, four specimens are designed to launch the monotonic push-out loading test. Each specimen is used to consider one case, including the bonding of the external flange, internal flange, web and whole cross-sections with the concrete. Failure process and modes of these specimens were observed during the test. Load-slip curves and ultimate bond strength are obtained and the bonding strength between different interfaces of steel and concrete was analyzed. The results show that the bonding strengths of different interfaces in SRC members are not equal. The minimum bonding strength occurs in web, the bonding strength of external flange is higher, and the maximum bonding strength occurs in internal flange, the ratio of the strength is 1:1.39:1.59.


China State Grid Corp vigorously promotes the "new countryside,new power,new service" development strategy and "ThreeIntensive Management and Five-Large Scale Development" key work,which requires grass-roots power supply company to innovate the new mechanism of rural power management.Many power companies constructed the new mechanism of rural power management from new management idea,standard construction,training management,special rectification and performance management in view of the reality,and had achieved obvious effects through practical application."Three-Intensive Management and Five-Large Scale Development" is put forward in the company's development strategy,and it implements two changes: changing the mode of enterprise development,changing the mode of power grid development.According to the requirements of group operation,intensive development,lean management,and standardization construction,they should implement the intensive management to human resources,financial,and materials,and construct large-scale planning,construction,operation,production,marketing system,and realize the transformation of the development mode of the company,as well as construct strong and smart grid with the backbone of UHV power grid and coordinated development of power at all levels and with informatization,automation,interactive features to realize the transformation of development mode.This paper made analysis on how to carry out the management work of electric power enterprise in the system reform of "Three-Intensive Management and Five-Large Scale Development".


H2O2 has been known to increase NO production contributing to vasodilation in arterioles, but its role in venular microvessel permeability remains unknown. We previously showed that H2O2 induced delayed but progressive increases in EC [Ca2+]i, hydraulic conductivity (Lp), and cell apoptosis in intact venules. This study aims to explore the signaling mechanisms of H2O2‐induced Lp increases with focus on H2O2‐induced NO production in ECs of venular walls. NO and EC [Ca2+]i were measured in DAF‐2 and Fura‐2 loaded vessels and permeability was determined by Lp measurements in rat venules. H2O2 (10 μM) induced an immediate increase in NO and reached a plateau (9.1±0.4 times that of control) after 45 min, which occurred prior to the increases in EC [Ca2+]i and not affected by Ca2+influx inhibitor LaCl3 (50 μM). Immunostaining for nitrotyrosine using confocal microscopy revealed extensive tyrosine nitration in vessels exposed to H2O2 for 2h but not in untreated vessels. Blocking H2O2‐induced NO production with L‐NMMA not only abolished H2O2‐induced delayed increases in EC [Ca2+]i and tyrosine nitration, but also prevented the Lp increases. Our results indicate that H2O2 activates endothelial NOS via a Ca2+ independent pathway and the excessive NO production and subsequent peroxynitrite formation‐mediated protein nitration may be the key for EC Ca2+ overload, resulting in cell injury and Lp increases. Supported by HL56237 and HL084338.


This review attempts to thread a unified theme through the whole spectrum of diesel combustion and its related studies—from basic research on a single droplet to the development of a specific combustion chamber—and endeavours to demonstrate how, as a whole, they contribute to provide the quantitative link between design and performance.


Hoplosternum Uttorale (Hancock, 1828) is an abundant species in the lagoons of the upper Parana river floodplain. This species was sampled in Patos and Guarana lagoons in the flood period (November/92-May/93) and low water period (June-October/93). To analyse food contents in the diet were analysed stomach of 91 adults. Twenty seven food items were recorded, among them, Testaceae, Nematoda, microcrustaceans, quironomids and organic detritus were predominant. These items allows to characterize the species as bentivore. To study feeding activity were analized 565 adults stomach contents. Food intake was more intense during flooding. Considering diel variation, the species started to eat during dusk, increasing during night, stopping to eat during daytime.


The t-Room is a remote computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) system that we are developing. Our approach is to build rooms with an identical layout, including walls of display screens on which users and physical or virtual objects are all shown at life size, and to provide symmetry of awareness and immersion in each other's physical space. This allows users in the t-Rooms to feel as if they were in the same room. Furthermore, by introducing recording and playback capabilities to the activities that occur within the t-Room, we can achieve asynchronous communication that overcomes the temporal barrier. The t-Room has greater potential to reproduce reality and awareness in remote collaboration than conventional videoconferencing systems. Moreover, as a step toward the future phone, it will enable us to implement a wide variety of telecommunication services that give the feeling of being in the same room and to create a new social interaction style through a large-scale immersive user interface. The t-Room—Toward the Future Phone † NTT Communication Science Laboratories Soraku-gun, 619-0237 Japan Email: email@example.com


This paper argues that it is important to choose the right donors to recruit, in order to boost average lifetime donation values. This choice needs to be made by making decisions, before donor recruitment, based on data that are available in the market. A case history is shown, based on a group of charities asking for cash donations, to demonstrate how such decisions may be reached. Finally, there is a discussion about implications for direct mail, other recruitment media, and for charities' fundraising organisations.Copyright © 2000 Henry Stewart Publications.


C-band ocean backscatter observations over operational weather buoys using RADARSAT-2 fine quad mode data have resulted in new empirical relationships for the C-band co-polarization ratio and the C-band cross-polarization (cross-pol) ocean backscatter. The cross-pol relationship is independent of incidence angle and wind direction, which simplifies wind speed retrieval from synthetic aperture radar imagery for sufficiently high wind speeds.


The local area network has been used widely in office automation and information communication. It is most economical for small and medium organizations to connect up their LANs through a Public Switching Network. X.25 is still the least expensive way to connect standalone LANs over WAN through dial up lines or dedicated lines. Though its performance is not as efficient as a point-to-point leased line, it is most suitable for small scale LAN to interconnect to other LANs in the world. Using a personal computer as a X.25 router has increasing power as the memories and processor speed have increased greatly.


This paper presents the analysis of signal quality and the efficiency performance in an RF transmitter using hybrid quadrature polar modulation (HQPM) scheme. The measurement results of the Class-ii power amplifier and Class-5 modulator are applied in this analysis. The path-delay difference between the envelope and the phase signal is also considered. Output spectra with and without predistortion are both shown to demonstrate improvement from the predistortion function. The simulated and experimental results have validated the key feature of the HQPM architecture, that its adjacent channel power ratio and DC-to-RF efficiency are not sensitive to the output power level.


The adoption of IFRS is an indicator of the success of a country's economy. Adoption depends on several important factors and has many positive and negative effects.This study presents a study on IFRS and its impact on the growth of the economy and the factors influencing its adoption. It also links the methods used in the implementation of the standards with the factors affecting their adoption.The evaluation method depends on the analytical approach through the distribution of questionnaire questionnaire to a number of academics and related professionals and the analysis of the results using the diagnostic tool for deviation and discussion based on scientific sources.


Climate change such as rising temperature, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, rainfall variability and altering soil physical, chemical and biological properties are observed all around the world. A review over impacts of clim ate change with relation to crops and soil health was done at Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU Hisar. IPCC, 2021 provides new estimates of the chances of crossing the global warming level of 1.5°C in the next decades and finds that unless there are immediate, rapid and large-scale reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, limiting warming to close to 1.5°C or even 2°C will be beyond reach. Impacts of climate change on soil properties are long time process as weather elements induce Physio-chemical reaction with soil which happens slowly in relation to weather elements. Climate change is generally expectedto increase the crop yields due to CO2 fertilization, radiation use efficiency and longer growing season but on the other hand, beyond a critical limit it may develop stress conditions like water stress, sun burns, scorching, bark cracking, closure stomata, leaf senescence and abscission etc. that can decrease crop production. Acidification, sodicity and salinization problem can develop in soil due to increase in temperature and acidic rainfall. So it can be held that, climate change would have intensive impacts on cereal and horticulture crops health and production as well as on soil properties.


The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for storing and managing recipe data for a microwave oven, and more particularly relates to such microwave recipe storage and management method in which, by the microwave oven together with the computer network, may be stored in a microwave oven microwave recipes and edit data on a computer. According to the present invention, the microwave oven computers connected to each other, such that the recipe data can be stored in the memory device contained in the inner part of the control downloaded from the Internet. You can confirm the recipe data stored in the microwave oven on the computer screen. Further, simultaneously displaying the recipe data stored in the microwave oven and other recipe data downloadable from the Internet. Thus, the recipe data from the user's available online store and use the recipe data they want so that you can perform a variety of cooking work. Further, glance, can master recipe data stored in the recipe storage unit of the microwave oven, the recipe data can be confirmed at the same time and other downloadable.


There are certain demarcated tribal areas in our country where the Scheduled Tribes (STs) have special community rights to live their lives according to their customs and maintain control over local natural resource management. The Sixth Schedule and Fifth Schedule are examples of such areas, and after the enactment of the Forest Rights Act, (FRA), 2006, there are crucial preferential provisions for the STs in forest areas of the whole country too. This article probes the historical development of categorisations in India, particularly in the context of forest-dwelling communities, and attempts to examine constitutional provisions and the provisions of different laws passed by the Parliament to evaluate the situation of other minority communities, particularly dalits, living in 'forest areas'. In this context, the article primarily focuses on the genesis and practice of the Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (OTFDs) category. Based on the field study of the Taungya village, the article shows the problem of categorisation in forest areas and marginalisation of dalits due to this process and emphasises the need for a more dialogical and democratic process of categorisation in India.


A note on the address by Major Michael Mori USMC arranged by the Bar Association with the support of the New South Wales Law Society is presented. It dealt with the American military commission system that is used to try detainees including the well-known Guantanamo Bay detainee David Hicks.


THE PROCESS OF RELEASE ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION IS TO TURN PART OF THE WAY OF LIQUID PHASE CENTRIFUGAL FORCES THAT LEAD TO FORM A LIQUID TIME swirling ROTATION THAT CARRIES EFFECT SUCTION. THE LIQUID CIRCULATING THEN DRAWS IN TIME BY SUCKING, TRAVERSE CAVITY IN WHICH IS FILED THE SOLID PHASE, THIS CAVITY IS LOCATED ON THE SCOPE OF TIME AFTER WHAT LIQUID THE UPPER REACHES AND BACK IN TIME CONTAINER LIQUID PHASE. DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING INCLUDES A CONTAINER FOR PHASE 1 OF LIQUID AS IT pASSES IN A hOLLOW BODY WITH A GRILL 3 5 7 ADVANTAGEOUSLY PARALLEL AND BASE 4 THAT THIS AT LEAST 16 TO OPEN THE ADMISSION OF LIQUID PHASE IN LOWER BODY OR IN SOME CASES COVER 6 3 BODY HAVING OPENINGS 17 OUTPUT LIQUID PHASE AND BEING AT LEAST PARTIALLY OCCUPIED BY AT LEAST ONE CAVITE DEPOSIT AND ANCHOR OF SOLID PHASE 14, WHICH PRESENTED IN ITS PART OF nEIGHBOR SPINDLE OR ITS BOTTOM, 8 OPENINGS FOR ADMISSION OF THE LIQUID PHASE IN CAVITE AND ENTERING IN ITS MOST PART REMOTE THE AXIS OF ROTATION OR ITS UPPER, 17 OPENINGS OUT OF THE LIQUID PHASE LEAVING THE CAVITE.


The studies on polymeric materials used as the carrier for controlled drug delivery has become an important research field of polymeric science.In this paper,the four kinds of controlled drug delivery systems and their related mechanisms were reviewed.Among these systems,it was focused on progresses of preparation and applications related to biodegradable polymer materials,nature polymer and synthetical polymer,which especially included hydrogels.Amphiphilic polymer as a development tendency of polymeric drug delivery devices was also forecasted.


Background and Objective: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic illnesses and also the biggest health problem in all countries. The most important strategy for controlling chronic diseases is self-care behaviors. Therefore, it is important for anyone with this problem to be at the centre of control and decision making in the daily treatment of their illness. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of spirituality group therapy on self-care and its dimensions in women with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: The design of this research was quasi-experimental with preand post-test and experimental and control groups. Among women with type 2 diabetes being recorded in health network of Eghlid, 30 subjects were randomly selected and assigned into two groups of experimental and control (15 per group). In the pre-test, Toobert & Glasgow self-care questionnaires (2000) were completed by the participants and blood samples were taken from all the subjects. The intervention group spirituality therapy was performed for 10 90minute sessions in the experimental group. SPSS software (version 19) was used for data analysis. Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable was significant (p<0/001) and spirituality therapy affected the self-care diabetes. Conclusion: According to our results, group spirituality therapy in patients with diabetes could promote the self-care and its dimensions. Therefore, this method could be used to treat diabetes and reduce the physical and psychological consequences.


The adsorption of CO2 on NiO(111)/Ni(111) and OD/NiO(111)/Ni(111) was studied by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). When the surfaces were exposed to CO2 at 123 K, peaks of adsorbates appeared at 1263 and 910 cm-1 on NiO(111), while a peak appeared at 1267 cm-1 on OD/NiO(111). The peaks at 1263 (or 1267) and 910 cm-1 could be assigned to the symmetric O−C−O stretching and out-of-plane deformation modes of monodentate carbonate, respectively. The much smaller deformation peaks in the spectra of carbonate on OD/NiO(111) indicate that the molecular axis is perpendicular to the surface. Furthermore, the change of the molecular geometry of CO2 was attributed to the OD-induced change of surface structure of NiO(111), which was indicated by the weak perturbation of OD bands with the adsorbed CO2.


Objective To compare stress, stressor and coping styles between baccalaureate nursing students and associate degree students in clinical setting, in order to provide specific guidance for different level of students.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 108 baccalaureate nursing students and 136 associate degree students.Results The average score of stress level in baccalaureate nursing students was (1.27 ±0.47), which was clarified as mid-level stress.There were 76.8% of students experienced mid-level stress.The average score of stress level in associate degree students was (0.92 ±0.45), which was low-level stress.There were 50.8% of students experienced mid-level stress.A significant difference was found between baccalaureate nursing students and associate degree students (t =5.842,P <0.01).The major stressors in baccalaureate nursing students were completing the assignment and the ability to deal with emergency situation of patients, et al and in associate degree students were the ability to deal with emergency situation of patients and lack of knowledge, et al.The students' coping strategies in baccalaureate nursing students included searching related information and summarizing the former experiences, et al and in associate degree students included searching related information and talking their feeling with classmates and friends, et al.Conclusions Baccalaureate nursing students and associate degree students experienced different level of stress.The students could use coping strategies to cope their stress in clinical setting.

Key words:
Baccalaureate nursing students; Associate degree students; Clinical practice; Stress; Coping style


A hydrogel was designed and prepared which is capable of promoting the diffusion of soluble starches through its pores. The preparation was carried out via the iterative freezing-thawing of an aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) solution containing concanavalin A, Con A, which had a binding affinity toward the starch to be diffused through the gel porosity. GPC analysis of the starch remaining in an aqueous solution after shaking with the Con A-loaded gel showed that the starch concentration of the gel phase was effectively enhanced


I enjoyed Jeffrey Mervis's excellent article "Down for the count?" (News Focus, 16 May, p. 1070), which provided a very balanced perspective on scientific manpower issues. In perusing this article, I was disappointed to learn that certain university administrators and other interested parties are once again beating the drum for increased federal funds for training in science, including Ph.D. training. Don't these people ever talk to young scientists? In the fields that I am familiar with, there is no dearth of young Ph.D.s; rather, quite the opposite is the case.

I have supervised Ph.D. training programs in the biomedical sciences for over 20 years. In my experience, most new Ph.D.s have extreme difficulty in finding jobs that actually utilize the research skills that are central to Ph.D. training. More and more biomedical Ph.D.s are being shunted into managerial jobs in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. These jobs require a certain degree of scientific and technical sophistication, but they really do not require the lengthy and intense training in laboratory research that is associated with a Ph.D. The current slump in biotechnology funding has limited even this avenue of employment. As a result, many young biomedical Ph.D.s are locked into long "holding patterns" at the postdoctoral level before they attain a "real" job. This situation has been discussed at length elsewhere ([1][1]–[3][2]).

If there were truly a dire shortage of new Ph.D.s (as apparently some would have us believe), then in our free market system, young scientists should be seeing rapidly rising compensation and abundant attractive job opportunities. This is certainly not the case in the biomedical arena. I believe that those who are pushing for increased funding for Ph.D. training are confusing quantity with quality. What we need is not more Ph.D.s, but rather more rigorous Ph.D. training so that young biomedical scientists will be prepared for the rapid convergence of biology and physical science that is certain to occur during the next decades.

1. 1.[↵][3]1. S. Tilghman 2. et al.
 , Trends in the Early Careers of Life Scientists (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1998).

2. 2.1. E. Marincola, 2. F. Solomon
 , Mol. Biol. Cell 9, 3003 (1998).
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3. 3.[↵][6]1. R. L. Juliano, 2. G. S. Oxford
 , Acad. Med. 76, 1005 (2001).
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GIS analysis and production of a suite of maps as part of scientific advice to the Government of South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands (GSGSSI). This resulted in definiton of new, extra spatial and temporal protection for the existing South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Marine Protected Area (SGSSI MPA). The additional measures will add extra protection to the SGSSI MPA, which was created in February 2012 and covers over 1 million km2 of the highly productive waters around the islands.


Abstract Insoluble metaborates were formed by impregnating wood with borax and metallic salts, and the biological resistance of samples treated with metaborates was evaluated. The double-diffusion process was carried out to form metaborate precipitates in sapwood specimens of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). Water-saturated wood specimens were first impregnated by a saturated borax solution and then diffusion-penetrated with solutions of zinc sulfate or copper sulfate of different concentrations. In laboratory-scale termite tests of wood specimens treated with zinc and copper metaborates at five concentrations from 3% to 20% using a virulent subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus), metaborate-treated wood showed negligible weight loss, with high termite mortality at the lowest concentration of 3%. An additional termite test for treatments at lower concentrations of 1% and 2% revealed good termite resistance even with small weight gains of 2.3–6.7%. In field termite tests using a tropical dominant termite (Macrotermes gilvus) in Serpong, Indonesia, wood specimens of 2 cm (r)×2 cm (t)×10 cm (l) treated with metaborates at 5% and 20% showed little weight loss against termite attack for 2 months or more. In addition, in a decay test using a white-rot fungus (Trametes versicolor) and a brown-rot fungus (Fomitopsis palustris), metaborate-treated woods showed enhanced decay resistance. This superb enhancement of biological resistance against termite and decay attacks is considered to be attributable to the presence of metaborates containing effective components such as boron, zinc or copper in the cell walls, which were detected by EPMA observations.


Volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) have many applications including filters, wavelength multiplexing devices, and seethrough displays. As a kind of VBGs, polarization volume gratings (PVGs) based on liquid crystal polymer show the advantages of nearly 100% efficiency, large deflection angle and unique polarization selectivity. Previous studies of transmissive and reflective PVGs are based on a planar architecture. In this work, we introduce slanted configuration, i.e. slanted cholesteric liquid crystals. The optical properties of these two different-type PVGs are investigated and compared. Specifically, we emphasize on the diffraction efficiency and polarization state of the diffracted light. Through comparing the experimental results with simulations, the existence of slanted PVGs is validated. We further report a stretchable, flexible, and rollable PVG film with high diffraction efficiency. Previously reported PVGs are of high diffraction efficiency but with fixed diffraction angles. By transferring PVGs onto a flexible and stretchable substrate, the obtained PVG films exhibit high diffraction efficiency, tunable periodicity, and excellent flexibility. The PVG films offer tunable diffraction angles and Bragg reflection bands by mechanical stretching. Stretch-release cycles test is also performed to ensure the mechanical robustness and reliability. This PVG film is especially useful for laser beam steering and augmented reality (AR) waveguide coupler.


With the improvement of corporate stakeholders' environment consciousness, the relativity between the corporate environmental information and the stakeholders' decision is growing. Company as the beginner of the industry pollution faces more and more pressure on environmental information disclosure. The article analyzes the relativity between corporate environmental information disclosure level and the pressure from different stakeholders through constructing multiple regression models. We use content analysis method to obtain environmental information disclosure index of sample companies and use multiple regression analysis to find the relativity between corporate environmental information disclosure level and the pressure from government, manager, creditor, consumer and investor. The result indicates that government's pressure is significant and negative associated with EDI. There has positive correlation between corporate environmental information disclosure and manager's pressure and investor's pressure. There has no correlation between corporate environmental information disclosure and creditor's pressure and consumer's pressure.


The object of the present paper is to establish the results of single Dirichlet average of Generalized Miller-Ross Function, using Riemann-Liouville Fractional Integral. The Generalized Miller-Ross Function can be measured as a Dirichlet average and connected with fractional calculus. In this paper the solution comes in compact form of single Dirichlet average of Generalized Miller-Ross Function. The special cases of our results are same as earlier obtained by Saxena et al. [12], for single Dirichlet average of Generalized Miller-Ross Function.


Summary The influence of sucrose laurate ester (SLE) and heat treatments on degreening of fruit of Nagato-yuzukichi (Citrus nagato-yuzukichi), a kind of highly flavoured,acidic, green citrus, was determined. The fruit, which were treated with hot water at 50°C or water at ambient temperature (control) for 3 min or with SLE solution at ambient temperature or at 50°C for 3 min, were placed into a perforated polyethylene-fllm bag and stored at 20°C for two weeks. The level of the Hue angle (surface colour) in SLE-treated fruit at 50°C decreased slightly by 5% in accordance with the suppression of degreening in the flavedo, whereas those in both the hot-water treated fruit and the control decreased by 20% during storage. The level of the Hue angle in SLE-treated fruit at ambient temperature also decreased slightly by about 3% for the flrst 6 d of storage. Internal O2 and CO2 concentrations of the fruit treated with SLE at 50°C decreased to half and increased 2.8-fold after 7 d of storage, respectively. Of the chemical components, the total sugar and citric acid contents decreased by about 20% during storage, regardless of treatment, but any differences were barely perceptible. The ascorbic acid content, however, remained almost unchanged during storage in fruit of all treatments. The enchancement of chlorophyll-degrading peroxidase activity of SLE-treated fruit at 50°C was more suppressed than any other treatment during storage. These results suggest that SLE treatment at 50°C could effectively reduce degreening of green Nagato-yuzukichi fruit.


This paper explores the history of castle studies in German-speaking Europe, and the related transformations of castle researchers' idea of Europe from 1918 to 1945. The study of castles was particularly popular in German-speaking regions at that time, and many castle researchers advocated nationalist and pan-Germanic ideas of Europe. After World War I, these ideas were radicalized, and scholars collaborated with Nazi organizations on the ethnic reordering of Europe. After the end of World War II castle researchers transformed their Germanocentric ideas into a more liberal concept of Europe, reflecting the establishment of a European scientific community of medieval archaeologists.


Lessons drawn from the JEF-2.2 library validation and statistical adjustment studies make it possible to envisage an efficient benchmarking of the forthcoming JEFF-3.0 file. To this aim, the AMERATEST system has been developed to easily test new nuclear data evaluations on a limited but consistent set of integral data. It consists of the following elements: the fast reactor physics code ERANOS; a generalized least-squares code AMERE; and ERATEST, an application library containing the evaluation to be tested as well as adjusted data. Trends on uranium, plutonium, structural materials and sodium in the fast energy range can be obtained with such a system. In this paper, we briefly describe the integral database and the main elements of the AMERATEST system. Validation tests are presented and analyzed.


The focus of this issue is listed as filtration, but the December issue has always been about much more. In effect, the December issue has covered most areas of water treatment, especially those having to do with particle removal. Interestingly, none of the peer‐review articles this month are about filtration, but we were able to attract a number of feature articles that explore the topic ‐ one in a most unusual way.


Photoluminescence near 4450 A (violet) and 5900 A (yellow) from ZnSe/Zn1−xMnxSe strained‐layer superlattices (SLS) is studied as a function of applied hydrostatic pressure up to ∼90 kbar for x=0.23, 0.33, and 0.51 at 9 K. For each of the three SLSs, the peak energy of the near‐band‐gap violet photoluminescence (PL) from exciton recombination increases sublinearly with pressure, and closely follows that of ZnSe. The observed dependence is consistent with type‐I band alignment, at least at pressures where the violet PL intensity remains strong. For the x=0.23 SLS, the energy of the biexciton PL increases faster than that of the exciton, which suggests decreased confinement. The yellow PL is due to the 4T1 →6A1 intraionic transition in Mn2+ and the nearly linear decrease of the peak energy of this signal with pressure is explained by crystal‐field theory. In most cases examined, the intensities of the violet and/or yellow PL decrease abruptly above a certain pressure that increases with x from ∼65 to ∼90 kba...


To determine the effect of fingernail length on handwork efficiency, 4 subjects performed 4 types of handwork tests with fingernails of 4 different lengths (0, 2, 4, and 6 mm). In a plain stitch test, 4and 6-mm fingernails reduced work efficiency. In a thread knotting test, 2-, 4-, and 6-mm fingernails markedly reduced work efficiency. In a writing test, 4-mm and 6-mm fingernails caused fatigue of the hands and arms. In a match board test, 6-mm fingernails markedly reduced work efficiency. Analysis of variance and multiple comparison showed results consistent with these findings. Young subjects tended to perform well with long fingernails. Fingernails of 2 mm were considered to be fashionable and feminine. Therefore, the desirable fingernail length may be 2 mm or less when students attend lecture classes and 0 mm when they attend sewing lessons. (Received June 16, 1999; Accepted in revised form November 26, 1999)


Two major studies were undertaken in Australia into the economic effects of increasing truck size and weight. The studies were the "Economics of Road Vehicle Limits" and the "Review of Road Vehicle Limits". The paper outlines the systems approach used in both and presents some comparative data on the changes arising from a discrete change in road vehicle limits in Australia.


Steps towards the improvement of a compact photoluminescence (PL)-based sensor array that is fully structurally integrated are described. The approach is demonstrated for oxygen sensing, which can be monitored via its effect on the PL intensity I or decay time τ of oxygen-sensitive dyes such as Pt octaethylporphryn (PtOEP) and its Pd analog (PdOEP). The integrated components include (1) an organic light emitting device (OLED) excitation source, which is an array of coumarin-doped tris(quinolinolate) Al (Alq3) pixels, (2) the sensor film, i.e., PdOEP embedded in polystyrene, and (3) the photodetector (PD), which is a plasma-enhanced CVD-grown p-i-n or n-i-p structure, based on amorphous or nanocrystalline (Si,Ge):H. These components are fabricated on common or separate substrates that are attached back-to-back, resulting in sensors with a thickness largely determined by that of the substrates. The fully integrated oxygen sensor is demonstrated first by fabricating each of the three components on a separate substrate. The PD was placed in front of a flow cell containing the sensor film, while the OLED array was "behind" the sensor film. This design showed the expected trend in monitoring different concentration of O2 via their effect on I, with improved detection sensitivity achieved by shielding the electromagnetic noise synchronous with the pulsed OLED. The detection sensitivity using the I monitoring mode is expected to further increase by reducing the OLED tail emission. The issue of the OLED background can be eliminated by monitoring the oxygen concentration via its effect on τ, where the OLED is pulsed and τ is measured while the OLED is off. Steps therefore focused also on shortening the response time of the PDs, and understanding the factors affecting their speed. Development of a sensor array, where the PD pixels are fabricated between the OLED pixels on the same side of a common substrate, is also discussed.


In this paper, we study the nonclassical properties and find out the effect of photon addition on these properties as well as the process of teleportation in the two-mode photon-added displaced squeezed (TMPADS) states. We derive the analytic expressions of the Wigner function, the photon number distribution and the intermode photon antibunching for these states. We show that photon addition operation not only makes the Wigner function become negative but also leads to increase the degree of antibunching. The peak of the photon number distribution becomes flatter and shifts to the greater number of photons by adding photons to both modes simultaneously. Furthermore, it is proved that the degree of intermodal entanglement becomes bigger and bigger through increasing the number of photons added to both modes. As expected, when using these states as an entanglement resource to teleport a state, the average fidelity of teleportation process is also improved by increasing the number of added photons.


I Anderson, W.S., identification of another Heinsian manuscript, 113 ff. Barnes, J., Aristotle, Menaechmus, and circular proof, 278 ff. Booth, N.B., Zeus hypsistos megistos: an argument for enclitic ttov in Aeschylus, Agamemnon 182, 220 ff. Borthwick, E.K., Zoologica Pindarica, 198 ff. Bosworth, A.B., errors in Arrian, 117 ff. Brown, A.L., the end of the Seven against Thebes, 206 ff. Burnyeat, M.F., Plato on the grammar of perceiving, 29 ff. CawkweU, G.L., Agesilaus and Sparta, 62 ff. , the imperialism of Thrasybulus, 270


Stainless steels have a wide usage field, their needs as structural parts are increasing day by day due to their resistance to corrosion and providing sufficient mechanical strength in environments that would cause corrosion. In addition to high mechanical properties of the stainless steels, the low heat transmission coefficients bring problems during machining. In this study, the suitable cutting tool and cutting parameters have been evaluated in terms of cutting forces and the tool temperature, the experimental results and finite element analysis have been compared in the milling of Custom 450 stainless steel which offers especially an excellent working opportunity at high temperature and salinity environment. Milling experiments have been carried out using L16 experimental design for Taguchi method. Four simulations have been made using finite element method with corresponding values in L16 orthogonal array for optimum cutting tool and the results were compared in terms of cutting forces and tool temperature changes.


Modern software has to evolve to meet the needs of stakeholders; but the nature and scope of this evolution is difficult to anticipate and manage. In this paper, we examine techniques which can discover interesting patterns of evolution in large object-oriented systems. To locate patterns, we use clustering to group together classes which change in the same manner at the same time. Then, we use dynamic time warping to find if a group of classes is similar to another when we ignore the exact moment when changes occur. Groups that exhibit distinctive evolution properties are potential candidates for new evolution patterns. Finally, in a study of two industrial open-source libraries, we identified four new types of change patterns whose usefulness is determined by perusal of the release notes and the architecture.


The Dna2 protein is a multifunctional enzyme with 5′-3′ DNA helicase, DNA-dependent ATPase, 3′ exo/endonuclease, and 5′ exo/endonuclease. The enzyme is highly specific for structures containing single-stranded flaps adjacent to duplex regions. We report here two novel activities of both the yeast and human Dna2 helicase/nuclease protein: single strand annealing and ATP-independent strand exchange on short duplexes. These activities are independent of ATPase/helicase and nuclease activities in that mutations eliminating either nuclease or ATPase/helicase do not inhibit strand annealing or strand exchange. ATP inhibits strand exchange. A model rationalizing the multiple catalytic functions of Dna2 and leading to its coordination with other enzymes in processing single-stranded flaps during DNA replication and repair is presented.


Author(s): Posadas, Edmund; Egawa, Junji; Schilling, Jan M.; Cui, Weihua; Sawadi, Atsushi; Alas, Basheer; Zemljic-Harpf, Alice E.; Fallon, McKenzie; Mandyam, Chitra D.; Roth, David M.; Patel, Hemal H.; Patel, Piyush M.; Head, Brian P. | Abstract: Studies in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that membrane/lipid rafts (MLR) and caveolin (Cav) organize pro-growth receptors, and when over-expressed specifically in neurons, Cav-1 augments neuronal signaling and growth, and improves cognitive function in adult and aged mice. However, whether Cav-1 overexpression can preserve motor and cognitive function in the setting of brain trauma is unknown. Here, we engineered a neuron-targeted Cav-1 overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mouse (via synapsin promoter, SynCav1 Tg) and subjected it to a controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of brain trauma and measured biochemical, anatomical, and behavioral changes. SynCav1 Tg mice exhibited increased hippocampal expression of Cav-1 and MLR-localization of PSF-95, NMDAR, and TrkB. When subjectd to CCI, SynCav1 Tg mice demonstrated preserved hippocampal-dependent fear learning and memory, motor function recovery on inverted grid, and decreased brain lesion volume. Conclusion: Neuron-targeted overexpression of Cav-1 in the adult brain preserves hippocampal-dependent learning and memory, restores motor function after brain trauam, and decreases brain lesion size. Our findings suggest neuron-targeted Cav-1 as a novel therapeutic strategy to restore nerve function and prevent trauma-associated neurodegeneration.


China has become one of the leading international tourism destinations, ranking third at a world level. A fast expanding domestic tourism offers new development opportunities to rural areas. Our results from Daxi Village of Anji County, a popular tourist destination in East China, show that farmers are seizing this opportunity that currently represents 27% of total household income. The better educated young generation is benefitting most, being particularly relevant for women that can develop off-farm activities around the family hostels ( nongjiale ) and tourist shops. Visitor's general satisfaction is high, although there is some concern for environmental quality and overcrowding due to the very high number of tourists that come to the village. Our model suggests that tourism will keep growing at least for another decade, which will strain the area, posing potentially severe environmental problems and challenging the long term sustainability of the tourism development model.


This study introduces the issues and concepts for convention planning and management for the course content development of new course in "Convention Planning and Management." Since the expansion of business opportunities in a global context requires a more job capacities for professional secretaries in terms of conference management, a new perspectives for the convention planning and management issues and case studies are included. The overall processes of convention planning and management are introduced and the role of convention planners are also defined. The highlight of the study focus is to introduce authentic convention planning and management case study in order to implement future curriculum design in the field of convention-related courses. Through the comparison of curriculum between convention management and subject studies of international office management, it was shown that there are many common areas among core curriculum contents. It is required to develop continuous research studies through practical field experience for the development of course contents.


Ge/Pd/Cr/n-GaAs contact structures have been examined in the contribution, in specific terms of the influence of the Cr layer thickness on electrical parameters and thermal stability of the structure. The lowest contact resistivity (1.4/spl times/10/sup -6/ /spl Omega/cm/sup 2/) has been measured in the case of the Ge(40)/Pd(20)/Cr(1) contact structure. The very thin Cr layer consists of small islands and the Pd layer has direct connection with the GaAs surface. This fact provides the same annealing temperature as in the case of the Ge/Pd structure. The Ge(40)/Pd(20)/Cr(4) and Ge(40)/Pd(20)/Cr(15) structures are Schottky at low annealing temperatures, they need high alloying temperature for ohmic-like conversion, but they are very stable.


INTRODUCTION Production, storage and testing of explosives have resulted in a widespread environmental problem because these mutagenic, toxic, and persistent compounds have leached from soils and accumulated in the food chain (Rieger et al., 1995; Walker et al., 1992; Won et al., 1976). The contamination of the environment by explosives, especially by nitroaromatics (nitro aromatic compound – NAC), is a worldwide environmental problem since enormous amounts of these compounds were produced during World War I and II. Most contaminated sites are located at ammunition factories and other places where these compounds were handled. This involved open detonation and burning of explosives at army depots, evaluation facilities, artillery ranges, and ordnance disposal sites (Rodgers et al., 2001). Improper TNTcontaining solid/liquid waste disposal was generated during the production, burning detonation, and dismantlement of munitions, and this led to serious TNT contamination of soils and groundwater (Chaudry, 1994). The vast amount of water necessary for manufacturing TNT made it necessary to locate the factories mostly near the natural sources of water. The environment around large rivers is usually characterized by sand-rich soil that allows easy seepage of rainwater. NACs are therefore continually washed out from the contaminated soil and subsequently contaminate groundwater. As the sandy soil is not rich in humic substances, the capacity for binding of 2,4,6-trinitrotoulene (TNT) and its derivatives is limited (Ahmad et al., 2002). The persistency of NACs in the environment is due to their resistance to biodegradation. These compounds have high toxicity for most living organisms, have low solubility in water, and consequently the natural attenuation is absent (Lachance et al., 1999; Ro et al., 1996). Remediation is applicable only in cases when the contamination is very high, since the process is very costly. Levels as low as 10 mg kg-1 would be considered to be high enough to require remediation in the USA (Snellinx et al., 2002). Usually at 50-100 mg kg-1 TNT contamination are proposed biological ways of degradations. For such a low concentrations less invasive alternative methods for removing contaminants from the environment are suggested (Snellinx et al., 2002). Is not a generally accepted remediation method for removal of TNT from the environment. The degradation of TNT in plants is still not fully explored, although principal degradation processes, such as reduction can lead to the formation of monoamino dinitrotoulenes (Palazzo et al., 1986; Görge et al, 1994). Oxidation (Bhadra et al., 1999) and conjugation (Bhadra et al., 1999) reactions have already been described. TNT-contaminated soils have traditionally been treated by incineration, landfilling and composting methods which are often extremely expensive. Phytoremediation may be of low cost environmentfriendly technology to treat TNT-contaminated soils, showing promising potential for cleaning up sites INVESTIGATION OF THE CHEMICAL REMEDIATION OF NITROAROMATIC COMPOUND CONTAMINATED SOIL


The structures of polysulforne hollwo fiber membranes, spun from the propionic acid : N-meth-ylpyrrolidone complex and from a formylpiperidine/formamide mixture were investigated as a function of progressive surface removal with an oxygen plasma. Oxygen plasma ablation experiments were performed on both unexposed and isopentanetreated hollow fiber membrances. Pure gas permeation rates were obtained on these samples as well as oxygen plasma etched samples which were then subsequently coated with polydimethyl-siloxane from an isopentane solution. The results show that the hollow fiber membrane spun from the propionic acid : N-methylpyrrolidone complex has both a thinner active separating layer and a thinner skin than the polysulfone hollow fiber membrane spun from the formylpiperidine/formamide mixture. Also, the resistance to flow of the porous substrate of the complex spun hollow fiber membrane is significantly less than that of the polysulfone hollow fiber membrane spun from the mixture. Therefore, the substrate of the PA : NMP complex spun hollow fiber membrane has greater porosity and less tortuosity than its FP/FA congener. The oxygen plasma ablation results and the scanning electron micrographs demonstrate a nonequivalence between the active separating layer and the microscopically observable skin of the hollow fiber membrane. It is believed that membranes prepared from Lewis acid : base complex solvents possess a porous substructure and a nonuniform (graded-density) skin which consists of a very thin active separating layer whose effective thickness varies depending upon the gases to be separated and a thin less dense transition layer, which may contain pores whose sizes are below the limits of resolution by SEM. Both are components of the microscopically observable skin. Membranes possessing this structure belong to the trilayer class of integrally skinned membranes. If membranes are so fabricated that the density gradient in the active separating layer approaches zero, a bilayer membrane with a porous substructure and a thin skin of uniform density results. Membranes prepared from conventional solvent/nonsolvent mixtures, i.e., formylpiperidine/formamide, exhibit a diminished density gradient in the skin approximating the bilayer model.


ABSTRACT Up until now, when the dynamic course of writing pressure in a handwriting trace—an important criterion—has been examined on the basis of the indentation of the trace, oblique white light has often been used to assess indentation depths. The impression of the shadows is frequently distorted, however, because the shadows are overlapped by the intense coloration of the writing trace. Other procedures for using indentation depths to assess writing pressure (mechanical or laser-assisted scanning/stacks of microscope images) are uneconomical or difficult to manage. The InfraRed Detection Apparatus (IRDA) is simple in design, relatively inexpensive to acquire, and low-maintenance. Little time is required to get best results. In infrared light, most writing media are at least partially transparent. When the writing medium is transparent, photos taken with oblique lighting allow precise, detailed analysis of the dynamic course of indentation depths in handwriting traces and facilitate its description in an expert opinion. The shadow in the indentations is no longer distorted by the intensity of the coloring. With low-angle ring illumination, the loss of information is minimized. This article describes the procedure and the layout of the InfraRed Detection Apparatus (IRDA). A validation is attached.


Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has created an unprecedented loss and disruptions over all across the world. From
developed to developing, no country has been spared from its brunt. In this paper, we have analyzed the implications of
COVID-19 on the economy and society of India so far. The informal sector, despite being a huge contributor to India's GDP, is often neglected
when it comes to supportive policies especially in times of crises. Currently, with the spread of the COVID-19 virus, there is signicant rallying by
governments, policymakers and health professionals for 'social distancing' and maintenance of proper hygiene. This implies minimising contact
with the outside world and taking precautionary personal hygiene measures such as frequent use of hand sanitisers, wearing masks when ill and
other such. The all sectors of the economy has been disproportionately affected and even within a sector, there is a disproportionate loss. The
societal impacts are dire too with job losses, mental illness, increased domestic violence, and so forth. Some positive effects can be seen in terms
of improved air quality, water quality, wildlife but the sustainability of such impact is conditional upon post-COVID and people's habits and
future policies related to the environment


Tom Kirkwood describes the outcomes of his research designed to reveal the principal drivers which give rise to human ageing. John Lever shows how bioengineers evaluate the biomechanical aspects of ageing and thereby help to design and improve therapies for the increased longevity and health of the aged. Reynold Greenlaw presents the products of current research on technological aids for those suffering from Parkinson's disease and discusses additional technological support systems designed to help the aged maintain free and independent lifestyles for as long as humanly possible.


Dot NET Remoting combined with MSMQ is a typical and efficient solution for distributed system. This paper talks about the solution according to a real-world distributed system development. It aims to be a useful reference for distributed system development. Experiments show that it is a flawless and nice benchmark for the distributed virtual prototype.


Power monitoring system is an important national infrastructure; its security has a vital position. In recent years, malicious attacks against power information systems emerge in an endless stream, which makes power systems worldwide suffer a major blow. Aiming at the hierarchical structure of the power monitoring system and the security threats it faces, this paper proposes a security immune model based on trusted computing technology. The security analysis shows that the model can guarantee the credibility of the power monitoring system.