Spanish Educational Laws over the past years have been promoting the widespread use of English as the vehicle for teaching and learning in most curricular subjects. This trend is evincing new needs especially among higher education students. Consequently, Spanish Universities are looking for ways to provide international training involving global partnerships. The Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain (UPM), and the University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Canada (UBCO) have come together to offer opportunities for international collaboration and learning, thus facilitating virtual encounters among Spanish and Canadian students. The Language Exchange Program between the UPM and UBCO acts as a model for sustainability innovation in language and culture engagement as the students can interact with native speakers in communication tasks. This interdisciplinary initiative supports the latest methodological principles observed in the Common European Framework for Languages [1], such as autonomous and lifelong learning, self-assessment and peer-assessment as well as the incorporation of new technologies to the learning process. Additionally the 'virtual' mobility is provided at no extra cost. This article presents the preliminary results of two virtual exchange programs that have been offering varied forms of study which are venue-independent, promoting collaborative work and cultural exchange.


Cr-O-N films as diffusion barriers were deposited between NiCrAlY coating and DSMll substrate by arc ion plating (AIP).The effects of flow rates of oxygen and nitrogen on phase content in diffusion barriers and on the adhesion between coatings and substrates were investigated. The results indicate that the Cr-O-N film is polycrystalline film and consistes of Cr203 and CrN,and their relative contents change with flow rates of oxygen and nitrogen.The adhesion of Cr-O-N films decreased with increasing oxygen content,but proper oxygen content can keep good adhesion and also restrain the interdiffusion of elements.


A report will be given about operation, maintenance and testing performed in the years after commissioning of Shanghai Maglev at the Transrapid Testfacility in cooperation with German industry for the further development and optimization of technical subsystems. In addition information will be given about the future use of the Testfacility with a focus on the minimization of technical risks for commercial Maglev projects.


The potential antigenicity of clinical dextran is well documented. 1-9 Observed side reactions following intravenous infusion include: headache, chills, flushing, urticaria, angioneurotic edema, wheezing, abdominal pain, nausea, chest pain, vasomotor rhinitis, delayed pain in the joints, swelling of the extremities, hypotension, and syncope. 5 Dextran is generally considered as the emergency plasma expander of choice in the treatment of hypovolemic shock during a period when whole blood is not available. Bernstein and Evans 9 suggested the use of dextran to protect patients who are to undergo various angiographic procedures. The purpose of presenting this case is to point out that dextran is a potentially dangerous material, capable of producing a serious reaction. This case report is of a middle-aged, postoperative patient who received dextran infusion resulting in anaphylaxis, purpuric manifestations leading to myocardial damage, and terminal uremia. Report of Case This 53-year-old white male was admitted to Charleston Memorial Hospital


With the presence of about 52 genus and 850 species, Mexico is considered as the biggest center of diversity for the Cactaceae family. About 84% of these species are only found in our country and in no other part of the world, consider themselves an endemic family of México. Unfortunately over 75% of all species of cacti are in decline, due to anthropogenic activity. The work performed in nurseries to produce high-quality native and traditional plants helps perpetuate these species. Nursery-grown native plants overcome barriers to natural recolonization, such as weed competition, animal predation and lack of a natural seed bank. There are several steps that need to be completed in order to stablish a plant nursery. Several factors need to be considered, such as the quality of the water, the location, the specific areas of plant production, among others. Planning, organizing, leading and controlling are very important stages of the administrative process that need to be determined for the project to work the best way possible. As a result of this work, a proposal for a CANVAS business model for the production of cactaceae is presented. The documentary analysis carried out shows a potential viability for the development of a project that allows the production of cacti in nurseries for its distribution or commercialization.


and growth retardation, rises with increasing doses of inhaled corticosteroids. Therefore, the need for high doses of inhaled corticosteroids in a patient should be constantly reassessed so as to administer the lowest effective dose. In one study, when the same microgram doses of BDP, TAA, and FL were administered, equivalent suppression of 24-hour urinary-free cortisol excretion was observed. FP had greater adrenal suppression than BUD, however, at equivalent microgram doses even when accompanied by a mouth-washing procedure to prevent oral bioavailability. Overall, selected inhaled corticosteroids (such as BDP) have been associated with remarkably few side effects at doses up to 400 pg per day in children and up to 800 pg per day in adults. Even at higher doses-up to 2000 pg per day-relatively few adverse events have been reported. In conclusion, the small risk associated with inhaled corticosteroids must be balanced against the far greater dangers of failing to control chronic asthma.


To evaluate the depth of transurethral resections of bladder tumour (TURBT), residual cancer rates and up‐staging rates in a contemporary Australian series.


ABSTRACT A method was developed for estimating the erosion in-dex for rainfall events from daily rainfall amount. The relationship that was used includes both a deter-ministic component and a random component. Data from 22 locations in the eastern one-half of the United States were used to evaluate the relationship. The parameters of the relationship were found to vary both with location and with season at a location. The pro-cedure was used to estimate erosion index from daily rainfall data for two locations.


Artistic gymnastics is the sport with the highest number of injuries for the athletes involved. Several studies supported that the ankle and knee joints are the most commonly injured body parts of gymnasts. Ankle instability in particular is often caused by damage to passive structures leading to neuromuscular impairment. The purpose of this study was to assess gender differences on postural stability of high level gymnasts, with the effect of lateral ankle sprains injuries partially out. Ten high level female and 10 high level male gymnasts who experienced lateral ankle sprains injuries volunteered to participate in the study. Participants were assessed for postural stability on the NeuroCom EquiTest Computerized Dynamic Posturography system. Three tests were used to evaluate the: a) Unilateral Stance, b) Motor Control Test, and c) Adaptation Test. The scores for Unilateral Stance, Motor Control, and Adaptation tests were recorded. Significant gender differences were found on Unilateral Stance-Right Foot Eyes closed in slow velocity, on Motor Control Test for Amplitude Scaling on Left and Right Foot in Backward direction, and on Adaptation Test Toes down balance. Conclusively, female athletes exhibited better balance scores compared to males, when controlling for the number of lateral ankle sprains injuries they experienced during the last two years. These findings are discussed with respect to the severity of previous lateral ankle sprains injuries, and the experience from training and competing in different events, for males and females respectively.


In Brief: The aim of the proposed joint programme is to protect the area of the Dahshour pyramids and its ecosystem while fostering sustainable development, cultural and ecological management and revenue generation. This proposal is a pilot based on the Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) master plan to conserve and preserve cultural heritage in Egypt and therefore has the potential to be replicated in other regions of the country. The project aims at: expanding employment opportunities in UNESCO world heritage sites by supporting local community production of arts, promoting the development of creative industries, and small tourism businesses; building capacity for cultural management and protection of world heritage cultural assets; promoting public awareness of the social value of world heritage sites, the importance of natural resources, and providing forums for cross-cultural exchanges.


Developmental abnormalities of neural crest cells (NCC) produce congenital heart defects as well as an abnormal autonomic nervous system in chick embryos.',' Ablation or excision of NCC in the chick embryo is also associated with hemodynamic changes3 or altered response to cholinergic stimulation." Bisdiamine may affect the NCC system in the rat, producing conotruncal anomalies. Thus, we hypothesized that hemodynamic alteration may be produced in embryos of bisdiamine-treated mother rats. The specific aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of bisdiamine given to mother rats on baseline hemodynamics in their embryos and on hemodynamic responses to acetylcholine.


SUMMARY
From over 20 years of working with shamans and their apprentices in northern Peru and the United States, this article describes my own journey from scientist and skeptic to humanist and adept. It tells of the fundamental shift in consciousness I experienced as a result of a specific instance in which the veil between the seen and unseen worlds temporarily lifted, allowing me to engage with Spirit in new ways. It presents, as a result of this shift, the struggles I have faced in redefining my own relationship to my work as an anthropologist. Finally, it suggests some of the advantages to our discipline that can come from thinking outside the paradigmatic box that has, for much too long, kept us disengaged from the world in which we live.


Uses of synthetic vitamin A derivatives (e.g., isotretinoin used for severe acne) and high doses of preformed vitamin A have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia and gout, whereas a trial reported that β‐carotene may lower serum uric acid (UA) levels. We evaluated the potential population impact of these factors on serum UA in a nationally representative sample of US adults.


It comprises fuel injectors (1a to 1d), a fuel pump (3), taking the fuel into a pressurizing chamber, and discharging the pressurized fuel by reciprocation of a piston; an electromagnetic valve (28) controls the fuel discharge flow rate pressurized inside the pressurizing chamber at the time of opening of the injectors, and control means (13) apply a valve opening signal, the period is fixed at a constant ratio with respect to the period of the alternating movement of the piston, so that the rise in temperature of a coil can be suppressed without influencing the sensitivity of operation of the electromagnetic valve, and that fuel pressure can be controlled constantly and stably.


An association between P-glycoprotein(Pgp) level and poor clinical outcome has been found.Efforts have been made to search for the modulators of tumor multidrug resistance (MDR) from the components of Chinese herbs and the molecules developed in China.Pyronaridine (PND)was found to be able to reverse MDR to doxorubicine(DOX) in K562/A02 and MCF7/ADR,expressing Pgp with more efficacy than verapamil.PDN increased the accumulation of DOX and reduced efflux of Rh123 in the two cell lines.The reversibility prersisted for at least 24h after removel of the drug from the culture medium.When administered orally or parenterally,PND significantly enhanced the in vivo antitumor activity of DOX in K562/A02 xenografts,but did not significantly increase the toxicity or alter the plasma pharmacokinetics of DOX.In view of PND has been safely used in clinic for the treatment of malaria for more than 20 years at high dose,the modulator might be the promision in the reversal of MDR in the clinic.


The purposes of this research are analyse  effectivity of the yeals of The Regional tax, regional retribution and The Regional origin income. To analyse The regional finance independence and decentralization degree. The main contribution that dominant to bafferMatarams PAD source from regional tax income that in average has contribution 48,15 % and other income source of PAD has average contribution 35,83 %, while The regional retribution has contribution 12,66 % to PAD and The yeals of The severed Regional Managing has average contribution 3.31 % in period of 2012 to 2015. The Effectivity degree that very effevctive in years of 2012 to 2014 and in 2015 they are in effective category. The ability of Regional Finance in period of 2012 to 2015 included In Low category. Base on The relation pattern of The Central Government and Regional Government Known that in 2012 they have instructive relationship that show that the role of the central gavernment more dominant than Regional government. (mean the Regional Government has not ability to apply Regional otonomy). In 2013 to 2015 the relationship pattern between Central and Regional Government  show consultative pattern that mean that the Intervency of the Central Government start to decrease because the Regional Governmenbe assumed little more be able to apply Regional Otonomy. Mataram  Fiscal desentralisation degree include in category of lack ability of regional finance in periode of 2012 to 2015. It shows that Mataram regional finance very dependent to Central and  Province income source


Through experiments based on three different graduations of regenerating concrete,the paper analyzes the parameters variation characteristics, such as performance of the density, water absorption, moisture content, packing density and crushed indicators.The research shows that Pressure loss of the quality of the regenerating concrete is proportional with loading force. What's more, it can also reflect the own strength grade of aggregate in a more direct way and should be a new method to assess aggregate strength. Simultaneously, it gives us a relatively superior graduation and provides reference value for guiding actual project.


The cluster xing algorithms are described for the DELPHI microvertex detector. For the few percent of aaected clusters a considerable improvement in precision and in the description of their resolution function has been obtained.


Dyeing wastewater was difficult to treat due to its high concentration of organic matter,high chroma,complex component,etc.The technique of flocculation and two-stage hydrolytic acidification-biological contact oxidation was used to process the high strength dyeing wastewater from some dyeing company in Nantong.The treatment system was stable and excellent with a capacity of sewage drainage about 600 m3/d.The sewage drainage can meet the class III of National Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB8978-1996).The results of treatment technology showed that it had two advantages of high running stability and excellent treatment effect.


The observation of T. pallidum-like organisms re-ported by Collart, Borel, and Durel (1962, a, b, c, 1964) in the lymph nodes of both men and rabbits in seroreactive treated syphilis and the stimulating work of Smith and Israel (1967 a, b, 1968) on intraocular treponemes in late syphilis have created much interest in the survival and virulence of T. pallidum in tissues and body fluids in cases of untreated and treated, latent and late stages of seropositive syphilis in man.


Abstract: The importance of patient adherence to antimicrobial chemotherapy regimens has long been recognized in chronic diseases such as tuberculosis and HIV. There is now growing evidence that patient completion of therapy is important in acute diseases such as bacterial respiratory tract infection. Recent epidemiologic surveys have documented the rising rates of resistance in key respiratory tract pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Use of antimicrobials is a major cause for the selection of resistance and is dependent on the class and dose of the antimicrobial used, in addition to the duration of therapy. Short-course, high-dose antibiotic regimens are effective, and patients are more likely to complete the therapy as prescribed. Short-course, high-dose antibiotic regimens were also associated with decreased selection of short-term resistance compared with longer courses of the same antibiotics administered at lower daily doses.


Abstract Day-old chicks were bursectomized, growth rate, blood and spleen characteristics were examined and compared with those of sham-operated chicks of the same age at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks. Bursectomy was shown not to interfere with growth rate but to influence spleen weight at 5–6 weeks of age. No proliferation of pyroninophilic cells was noted but there was a decrease in germinal centers. At the age of 5–6 weeks lymphocyte numbers were reduced and heterophil numbers increased in the bursectomized birds.


1 The study of the biochemistry of the lower fungi received a great impetus from the classical researches of Wehmer begun in 1891. The more recent developments are here reviewed. The biochemical characteristics of moulds often correspond closely with the taxonomic features and thus assist in classification. 2 A medium suitable for mould growth must contain the elements sulphur, phosphorus, potassium, and (probably) magnesium. Traces of certain heavy metals, namely iron, zinc, copper, and manganese, seem to be essential for the growth of Aspergillus mger and probably of other moulds. 3 Combined nitrogen is also essential for growth and may be supplied in inorganic or organic form. 4 The possible sources of carbon are very diverse, alcohols, carbohydrates and many organic acids being readily utilized. 5 Although moulds are essentially aerobes, some species can tolerate a low oxygen tension. Diminution in the oxygen supply may alter considerably the products of metabolism. 6 Small amounts of certain organic substances specifically stimulate or inhibit some of the metabolic processes of moulds. Vitamins of the B group have a favourable effect on growth and sporulation in the case of some species. Certain moulds are able to elaborate substances inhibitory to other micro‐organisms. 7 The metabolic products are very varied in nature and range from the simpler plant acids (oxalic, fumaric, malic and citric acids), polyhydric alcohols and products of alcoholic fermentation to substances containing non‐benzenoid rings such as derivatives of furane, pyrone, tetronic acid and cyclopentanone, substances containing benzenoid rings, such as derivatives of benzene, benzoquinone, anthraquinone and xanthone, pigments, sterols, fats, phospholipins and complex polysaccharides. Vitamins of the B group and the provitamins A and D are also found amongst mould products. In presence of arsenic, certain species such as Scopulariopsis brevicaulis produce volatile organic arsenical compounds. Substances containing chlorine as part of the organic molecule are also synthesized from inorganic chlorides, and organic nitrogenous compounds including proteins from inorganic nitrogen. Evidence is thus afforded for the outstanding synthetic activities of the lower fungi. 8 Whilst the mechanism of synthesis is as yet an unsolved problem, the suggestion is advanced that some of the complex products may arise from the polysaccharides which are of such frequent occurrence in mould metabolism.


Augustine had to face the issue of religious coercion throughout his episcopate, and especially in his dealings with the Donatist schism. As far as I know, he is the only writer in the Early Church to discuss the subject at length. He even changed his mind on the issue, and he has told us of this 'conversion' with characteristic disarming frankness. It is a change which cannot fail to interest us, for whom the problem remains acutely relevant. He went on to justify religious coercion with a thoroughness and coherence which is quite as much part of his character as is his candour: and so Augustine has appeared to generations of religious liberals as 'le prince et patriarche des persécuteurs'


We present an analysis of X-ray high-quality grating spectra of the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 5548 using archival Chandra-High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer and Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer observations for a total exposure time of 800 ks. The continuum emission (between 0.2 keV and 8 keV) is well represented by a power law (Γ = 1.6) plus a blackbody component (kT = 0.1 keV). We find that the well-known X-ray warm absorber (WA) in this source consists of two different outflow velocity systems. One absorbing system has a velocity of −1110 ±  150 km s−1 and the other of −490 ±  150 km s−1. Recognizing the presence of these kinematically distinct components allows each system to be fitted independently, each with two absorption components with different ionization levels. The high-velocity system consists of two components, one with a temperature of 2.7 ± 0.6 × 106 K, log  U = 1.23, and another with a temperature of 5.8 ± 1.0 × 105 K, log  U = 0.67. The high-velocity, high-ionization component produces absorption by charge states Fe xxi–xxiv, while the high-velocity, low-ionization component produces absorption by Ne ix–x, Fe xvii–xx, and O vii–viii. The low-velocity system also required two absorbing components, one with a temperature of 5.8 ± 0.8 × 105 K, log  U = 0.67, producing absorption by Ne ix–x, Fe xvii–xx, and O vii–viii, and the other with a lower temperature of 3.5 ± 0.35 × 104 K and a lower ionization of log  U = −0.49, producing absorption by O vi–vii and the Fe vii–xii M-shell Unresolved Transitions Array. Once these components are considered, the data do not require any further absorbers. In particular, a model consisting of a continuous radial range of ionization structures (as suggested by a previous analysis) is not required. The two absorbing components in each velocity system are in pressure equilibrium with each other. This suggests that each velocity system consists of a multi-phase medium. This is the first time that different outflow velocity systems have been modeled independently in the X-ray band for this source. The kinematic components and column densities found from the X-rays are in agreement with the main kinematic components found in the UV absorber. This supports the idea that the UV and X-ray absorbing gas is part of the same phenomenon. NGC 5548 can now be seen to fit in a pattern established for other WAs: two or three discrete phases in pressure equilibrium. There are no remaining cases of a well-studied WA in which a model consisting of a multi-phase medium is not viable.


Noonan syndrome is a developmental disorder characterized by facial dysmorphia, short stature, cardiac defects and skeletal malformations. Noonan syndrome (NS) is one of the most common genetic syndrome and is also an important differential diagnosis in children presenting with syndromic facies. This syndrome is characterized by facial dysmorphism, congenital heart defects, short stature and also a wide phenotypicvariations. We report a eight year old boy, who had Noonans syndrome and presented with low set ears, widely spaced nipples, had ocular features of ptosis and hypertelorism, mild pulmonary valve stenosis and delayed mile stones of development. His father also had ocular and facial findings. Multidisciplinary treatment is the key to success in managing children with Noonan syndrome and the pediatric ophthalmologists play an important position to lead the health team.


Abstract With the swift advancement in communication technology, there has been an increase in computer-related attacks targeting both the software and hardware of nations' computer systems. Historically, the United States has taken a cautious, defensive-oriented approach to deal with its adversaries in cyberspace. The Trump administration strategy is a hyper-aggressive, offense-first approach to deter its enemies from attacking. This shift in tactics, i.e., the "Madman Theory" approach against one's adversaries, is a similar posture to that of President Nixon in his administrations' effort to end the War in Vietnam. Just like Nixon in Vietnam, there is a tradeoff with this approach. As the United States has stepped up its aggressiveness against cyber adversaries, the possibility is now very real for the Trump administration of an all-out war in cyberspace.


With respect to short texts with high information content, unstructured and non-standard, a text classification model (BERT-CNN-BiLSTM) based on the fusion of BERT model and BiLSTM network with convolutional neural network is proposed. To improve data processing efficiency and classification precision, word vectors are trained in BERT and used as the embedding layer of the model. The embedding layer is utilized to retain semantic information and the semantic representation of words is enhanced. CNN is applied to extract the local semantics of text. Meanwhile, gated linear unit (GLU) is used to optimise the CNN, and gradient dispersion is reduced. BiLSTM is designed to acquire contextual information about the text. Text classification is better implemented. The experimental results show that better results are obtained by BERT training data as word vectors. The BERT-CNN-BiLSTM has significantly improved in terms of classification precision, recall and F1 than the CNN, the BERT-CNN, et al. Precision, recall and F1 values are improved by at least 1.44%, 1.66% and 1.69%, respectively.


In this editorial, we discuss recent evidence from our research group on the analgesic and antiinflammatory mechanisms of the flavonoid naringenin (4',5,7-tryhidroxy-flavanone). Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds found in human diet [1]. Naringenin belongs to flavanone class of flavonoids, and it is mainly found in citrus fruits including, lemon, orange, tangerine and grapefruit [1-5]. The antioxidant activity is the most recognized effect of flavonoids, which depends, for instance, on hydrogen donation and electron stabilization in the phenolic rings [1]. Naringenin presents therapeutic effect in several models of inflammatory pain [2, 3, 5]. Naringenin inhibits the pain-like behavior induced by inflammatory stimuli such as phenyl-p-benzoquinone, acetic acid, formalin, complete Freund ́s adjuvant, capsaicin, carrageenan [2], superoxide anion [3], and LPS [5]. Moreover, naringenin inhibits UVB irradiation-induced skin inflammatory edema, cytokine production, myeloperoxidase activity, matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity, and oxidative stress [4]. Pathogen (PAMPs) and damage (DAMPs) associated molecular patterns and inflammatory mediators activate resident macrophages. Resident macrophages produce chemotactic molecules to recruit leukocytes to the inflammatory foci, mainly neutrophils in the early events of inflammation. Activated macrophages and neutrophils induce oxidative stress by producing superoxide anion and other reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species. Naringenin inhibits leukocyte recruitment [2-5] and production of superoxide anion [3-5], whilst increases GSH [2-4], and antioxidant capacity [3-5]. Naringenin also acts on macrophages inducing Nrf2 activation, a nuclear factor that induces antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses, inducing HO-1 expression [3]. PAMPs, DAMPs and ROS induce NFκB activation in macrophages resulting in the production of pro-hyperalgesic cytokine such as IL-33, TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6. Pro-hyperalgesic cytokines induce the production of lipid mediators such as PGE2 that sensitize the nociceptor neurons. Naringenin inhibits LPSand carrageenan-induced NFκB activation in vivo [2] and in vitro [5], which contributes to naringenin inhibition of IL-33 [2], TNFα [3-5], IL-1β [2, 4, 5] and IL-6 [4,5] production and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA [3] (Figure 1).


The feasibility of preparing YBaCuO films on metallic substrates is discussed in an attempt to fabricate a superconducting tape. Deposition method employed was an rf magnetron sputtering. An amorphous MgO thin layer was found to be a promising buffer layer. The highest zero resistance temperature was 84.0 K in its as grown state, and a critical current density was 4.8x10 A/cm 2 at zero field and 77.4 K. Preliminary experiments using laser ablation technique were also carried out to obtain YBaCuO films at a rather high deposition rate.


Prohibiting knock damage in internal combustion engines presents severe restrictions for engineers. Laboratory experiments are expensive or even impossible; nevertheless, numerical attempts that employ supercomputers have been rarely undertaken. The numerical approach described in this paper combines a recent shock-capturing finite-volume scheme for the compressible Navier Stokes equations, with semi-implicit treatment of the chemical source terms. An algorithm is described and validated by experiment that is optimaliy adapted to vector and parallel computersT. he algorithm has been implemented on the IBM Enterprise System/3090™ (ES/3090™) Vecto Multiprocessor. Performance measurements are discussed. The potential of the codeis illustrated by an example: formation of pseudos hock waves due to interaction of a shock wave with turbulent boundary layer flow.


This study investigates the interplay between language, image, and gesture in science teaching in the school. It applies the theoretical framework of systemic functional semiotics, and the investigative method of pedagogic register analysis, to construct a detailed description of intermodal pedagogic practice. The approach is illustrated with a secondary science lesson that can be viewed online. The lesson is analysed from three perspectives: the structuring of learning activities, the interplay between verbal, visual, and gestural modalities in these activities, and teacher/learner interactions that negotiate the intermodal activities. Consistent patterns emerge in the global structures of lesson activities, and in micro-structures of interactions, in the ways that teachers orient learners to fields of study, guide their attention to salient elements of images and texts, and use their perceptions to build technical knowledge. The analyses offer an appliable resource for designing effective pedagogic practice using images.


OBJECTIVE: Our study is to evaluate role of submucosal diathermy in inferior turbinate hypertrophy. METHOD: Study conducted at our ENT center from July 2012 to July 2014 included 30 patients presented with nasal obstruction due to inferior turbinate hypertrophy with various cases like allergic rhinitis, concha bullosa, chronic rhinosinusitis, rhinitis medicamentosa, deviated nasal septum with compensated hypertrophy. RESULT: All these Patients undergone sub mucosal diathermy and followed up for one year. Among 30 patients, 22 patients completely relieved nasal obstruction within 3 months and 5 patients partially relieved and 3 patients showed no improvement in follow up of 6 months. CONCLUSION: Inferior turbinate hypertrophy is effectively reduced by submucosal diathermy. It is cheap, safe and effective procedure for long-term positive outcome.


Tablet computers have gathered attention in classrooms in Japanese university. Apple's iPad is the most popular among several varieties. BeeDance is a learning management system (LMS) for iPads created by a Japanese company to facilitate active participations of learners. The study was conducted at a Japanese university for learners who are not native speakers of Japanese. The learners' behaviors, stroke orders of hiragana, katakana, and kanji, and Japanese typing by keypad were observed. The future research possibilities for the analysis of cognitive understanding are introduced. In this paper, cognitive analyses of non-native speakers' Japanese handwriting are examined through the uses of BeeDance in classrooms.


Reduced losses in silicon-core fibers are obtained using CO2 laser directional recrystallization of the core. Single crystals with aspect ratios up to 1500:1 are reported, limited by the scan range of the equipment. This processing technique holds promise for bringing crystalline silicon-core fibers to a central role in nonlinear optics and signal processing applications.


As a typical augmentation satellite system for centimeter-level positioning, PPP (Precise Point Positioning) service based on PPP-B2b signal of China's new generation BeiDou system (BDS-3) was released for Asia-Pacific area on July, 2020. This paper first introduces the recovery theory of PPP-B2b SSR (State Space Representation) messages and then implements a real-time PPP-B2b precise positioning terminal to decode and obtain the PPP-B2b SSR orbit, clock, and biases. On those bases, the coverage, signal-in-space, and positioning performance of PPP-B2b SSR are evaluated. The results show that PPP-B2b SSR of BDS-3 can cover the most area of 50°E-180°E, 30°S-70°N and improve signal-in-space accuracy significantly. The improvement rate on BDS clock offset can reach 77%, which far exceeds average 40% improvement on BDS orbit, while it is opposite for GPS with 80% improvement rate on orbit and 61% on clock offset. Average SISRE (signal-in-space range error) of PPP-B2b SSR is better than 10 cm. The 95% positioning results show that centimeter- to decimeter-level positioning can be achieved after a few minutes of convergence based on PPP-B2b SSR, which satisfies the BDS open service performance standard. Comparing to BDS PPP based on PPP-B2b SSR, BDS + GPS PPP can promote convergence significantly with average 40% improvement rate for 95% epochs and can further improve positioning accuracy with 30%-35% improvement rate in horizontal and 10%–15% in vertical direction.


The cluster at GridKa uses the General Parallel File System (GPFS) on a 20 node file server farm that connects to over 1000 FC disks via a Storage Area Network. The current 220 TB of on-line storage is distributed to the 510 node cluster via NFS. A load balancing system ensures an even load distribution and additionally allows for on-line file server exchange. Discussed are the components of the storage area network, specific Linux tools, and the construction and optimisation of the cluster file system along with the RAID groups. A high availability is obtained and measurements prove high throughput under different conditions. The use of the file system administration and management possibilities is presented as is the implementation and effectiveness of the load balancing system. Current HEP and future LHC experiments that use the compute centre at GridKa need to handle large amounts of data. Traditional access methods via local disks or large network storage servers show limitations in size, throughput or lack of data management flexibility. High speed interconnects like Fibre Channel, iSCSI or Infiniband as well as parallel file systems are becoming increasingly important in large cluster installations to offer the scalable size and throughput needed for PetaByte storage. At the same time the reliable and proven NFS protocol allows local area storage access via traditional Ethernet at moderate costs.


Deep venous thrombosis is a common disorder, with a considerably high incidence and mortality. Inferior vena cava filter provides fruitful means in decrease and prevention of fatal pulmonary embolism. The authors reviewed the history, indications and applications of inferior vena cava filter for different types of deep venous thrombosis, with outlook of future trends.


Expansion displacement of switch rail is very important for the comfort and safety of the high-speed railway. For safety considerations, it is reasonable to take a noncontact measurement to monitor it online. The visual measurement method is suitable for the monitoring system of high-speed railway infrastructure. However, it is a big challenge to monitor such displacement in a visual system because of uneven illumination, low light, camera shake, and the constrained data acquisition condition in all-weather. In this paper, an Automatic Visual Monitoring System for Expansion Displacement of Switch Rail (AVMS-EDSR) is presented. First, AVMS-EDSR captures switch rail images through an image acquisition and transportation system. Then, a novel Spatial Support Convolutional Neural Networks (SSCNN) is proposed for ruler detection in switch rail images. At last, AVMS-EDSR outputs expansion displacement by Automatic Interpretation Method (AIM), which is faster and more precise than manual interpretation. Experimental results demonstrate that AVMS-EDSR can automatically monitor the expansion displacement of switch rail, report abnormal results, and interpret the ruler of the switch rail image in 1 s with the average difference less than 1 mm at a distance of 5 m, which can meet the requirement for real-time automatic monitoring of expansion displacement of switch rail.


Background: There is little qualitative insight into how persons with chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorder cope on a day to day basis. This study seeks to identify the symptoms persons with Whiplash-Associated Disorder describe as dominating and explore their self-initiated coping strategies. Methods: Qualitative study using focus groups interviews. Fourteen Norwegian men and women with Whiplash-Associated Disorder (I or II) were recruited to participate in two focus groups. Data were analyzed according to a phenomenological approach, and discussed within the model of Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress (CATS). Results: Participants reported neck and head pain, sensory hypersensitivity, and cognitive dysfunction following their whiplash injury. Based on the intensity of symptoms, participants divided everyday life into good and bad periods. In good periods the symptoms were perceived as manageable. In bad periods the symptoms intensified and took control of the individual. Participants expressed a constant notion of trying to balance their three main coping strategies; rest, exercise, and social withdrawal. In good periods participants experienced coping by expecting good results from the strategies they used. In bad periods they experienced no or negative relationships between their behavioral strategies and their complaints. Background Whiplash was defined in 1995 by the Quebec Task Force as a neck injury mechanism and may result in injuries within the musculoskeletal and/or neurological system. The Quebec Task Force developed a system for grading Whiplash-Associated Disorders (WAD): WAD I-II (symptoms without known pathology), III (symptoms and neurological signs), and IV (symptoms and cervical fracture and/or dislocation) [1]. Grade I and II patients represent up to 90% of "whiplash injury claims" [2]. The proportion of patients who reports pain and disability six months after the accident (i.e. chronic WAD) varies substantially between studies and countries [3,4]. However, a recent review suggests that


Sampling strategies are crucial issues in population genetics and anthropological studies. The sampling choice is related to the research question and the type of markers used. In this research, we compared two different sampling strategies in the Sardinian linguistic isolate of Carloforte (Italy).


Outlines the development of control tables and describes the operation of a computer program named "DAISIE" (Design Aid for Signal Engineers) which has been produced to assist in their compilation. The use of the program is described and possible areas of further development are indicated.


Abstract : In this ONR funded project investigators at the University of Delaware's Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Composite Materials developed and validated new models to predict the electromagnetic properties of woven fabric composites over a broad frequency range.


Student loans, mortgage guarantees, and other lending programs create special challenges for federal budgeting. Under official budget rules, these programs are projected to bring in $200 billion over the next decade. Under an alternative, favored by many analysts, they appear to lose $100 billion. That $300 billion disparity confuses policy deliberations. This report proposes a new budgeting approach, known as expected returns, that would eliminate this confusion. The report critically reviews today's budgeting approaches, identifies their flaws, and demonstrates how expected returns would improve budgeting for federal lending.


EDITOR,--Christopher Tiarks is a senior member of the BMA's council, and it is unfortunate that he could not be present at the council's last meeting, on 14 October. Had he been, he would know that all the points raised in his letter were covered in the full debate that the council had on the arrangements for the extraordinary general meeting called by Dr David Roberts and his 100 supporters.

Tiarks's letter contains an important error, which I wish to correct. He says "that the issue has not been given a suitable airing at the conference …


six substantive chapters organized chronologically. For the first half-century of the city's history, overcoming the natural disadvantages of its scarce water resources and isolated location were key to maintaining moderate growth. In its early years, Phoenix served as the market town for agriculture relying first on the rebuilt 500-year-old irrigation system of the vanished Hohokam Indian tribe and then on the first major federal water project, the pioneering Roosevelt Dam completed in 1911. Improved railroad connections prompted an expansion of agriculture into products sold nationwide, such as cotton and citrus. By the turn of the century, the city's climate had become a marketable amenity. The dry desert air and mild winter weather made it the "lungers' mecca" of the Southwest, a haven for sufferers of tuberculosis, pneumonia, and other respiratory ailments. Improved rail and highway connections and a promotional campaign rechristening the "Salt River Valley" into the "Valley of the Sun" during the 1920s boosted the city's attractiveness to the healthy but winter-weary.


Abstract Based on the asymptotic solution for finite element predicted natural frequencies of a membrane vibration problem, the concept of asymptotic error and a practical error estimator are presented in this paper. The present practical error estimator contains two criteria: one is the error estimator criterion and the other is the finite element mesh design criterion. By using this practical error estimator, not only can the accuracy of a finite element solution for natural frequencies of a membrane vibration problem be directly evaluated without further finite element calculation, but also a new target finite element mesh for the solution of desired accuracy can be immediately designed from the relevant information of an original finite solution. Generally, for the purpose of designing a new target finite element mesh, this original finite element solution is obtainable from a very coarse mesh of a few elements and usually does not satisfy the accuracy requirement. Since the new target finite element mesh could result in a finite element solution of desired accuracy, the finite element solutions so obtained can be used for structural design in engineering practice. The related numerical results from vibration problems of five representative membranes of different shapes have demonstrated the correctness and applicability of the present practical error estimator.


Objective To investigate the reversing effect of interleukin 4 (IL 4) gene transfer and its mechanism in multidrug resistance (MDR) of children′s solid tumor cells and to find the reasons for combined use of the tumor vaccine modified by IL 4 gene transfer and chemotherapeutic agents. Methods Retroviral vector (PL IL 4 SN) was selected to introduce human IL 4 gene into children′s hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG 2) cells. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the expression of IL 4 in IL 4 gene transferred cells and sorted out the tumor cell clones which could stably secret about 600 800 pg/(106 cells.24 h) of IL 4. MTT assay was used to detect the sensitivity of these tumor cells to all sorts of chemotherapeutic agents such as vincristine (VCR), adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin (MMC) and etoposide (VP 16). Indirect immuno fluorescence staining by flow cytometry was used to evaluate the expression of p glycoprotein (p gp), which is one of the main multi drug resistant proteins in tumor cells. Microquantitative analysis with fluorometer was employed to detect the intracellular accumulation of ADM. Results Over expression of p gp (the positive rate of p gp expression were separately 98.5±0.5%, 97.0±1.0%) was found in the wild HepG 2 cells and the tumor cells could only be transferred with the vector not containing the IL 4 gene; and all the cells had a strong resistance to all the above agents. Otherwise the tumor cells transferred with IL 4 gene became greatly more sensitive to all the above agents with a very low positive rate of p gp expression (5 0±0.5%), the differences were significant (v=6, t =87.6, P 0.01) and the quantity of intracellular accumulation of ADM was greatly increased (v=10, t =3.2 10.6, P 0.05); the reversing effects on multi drug resistance could be inhibited by 100 ng/ml 12 0 tetradecanoyl phorbol 13 acetate (TPA), which is an activactor of protein kinase C (PKC). More interestingly, when co culturing the wild tumor cells and the IL 4 gene transferred tumor cells together or adding the supernatant of IL 4 gene transferred tumor cells into the medium of wild tumor cells, the wild tumor cells′ multi drug resistance was also reversed. Conclusion IL 4 gene transfer could reverse the multi drug resistance of tumor cells in both autocrine and paracrine ways and it may be possible to use the technique in the therapy of children′s solid tumor combined with chemotherapeutic agents. The effects were related to inhibiting the expression of p gp and the PKC activity.


The present invention relates to a system for recognizing an accident of a delivery vehicle, comprising: a shock detection means mounted inside the delivery vehicle so as to detect a shock applied to the delivery vehicle; a travel distance measurement means for measuring a travelled distance of the delivery vehicle; a first camera for recording the situation of the delivery vehicle as a video and storing the video captured for a set storage time; a second camera for photographing the situation of the delivery vehicle as a still image; an accident recognition means for analyzing a detection signal detected by the travel distance measurement means when a shock is detected by the shock detection means so as to determine an accident if the vehicle is in a stop state for a set stop time, controlling the first camera so as to stop recording the video, and driving the second camera so as to capture a still image of the delivery vehicle; and a server in a control center, which receives the recognized video, the recognized still image and accident cause analysis request information from the accident recognition means, analyzes the cause of an accident, and generates accident analysis information.


Junior doctors are required to make career decisions at an early stage in their postgraduate training. Trainees also feel inadequately prepared for the transition to consultant roles.


4 Aims: This study was aimed to use three plant extracts against Leishmania major and L. tropica 5 promastigotes, the two primary causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Old 6 World, zoonotic and anthroponotic types (ZCL and ACL, respectively), as a model to compare 7 various concentrations of these plant extracts. 8 Study design: This study was performed as experimental using various concencentrations of 9 three medicinal plant extracts compared to untreated control and the first-line drug, Glucantime 10 as comparative positive control. 11 Methodology: Fresh seeds of C. Arabica and C. carvi and leaves of S. officinalis were gathered 12 from Kerman province, southeast of Iran. Each powdered plant material was extracted by 13 maceration. Complete medium was used to prepare nine final concentrations (1-1000 μg/mL) for 14 experiments. The cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities of the extracts were carried out by using 15 colorimetric cell viability WST1 and DPPH assays. All experiments were repeated in triplicate 16 and analyzed by t-test. Antileishmanial, cytotoxicity and antioxidant effects of these extracts 17 were explored. 18 Results: The results indicated that the Carum carvi extract had potent antileishmanial activity 19 against the promastigotes of both Leishmania species based on a dose-dependent response ( = 20 0.001) followed by Coffea arabica and Salvia officinalis extracts which showed antileishmanial 21 effects to lower extent. These extracts were safe for mammalian cells as also determined by 22 safety index (selectivity index; SI). Results also confirmed the great antioxidant activities for 23 these extracts. 24 Conclusion: The present findings indicated that the extracts possess potential antileishmanial 25 activitie and remarkable antioxidant levels with an excellent safety index. 26 UNDER PEER REVIEW


Introduction. Vitamin K antagonists and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) are used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation for the prevention of thromboembolic events. Materials and methods. The authors studied 389 patients (45.8% female) with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, who have been taking apixaban (12.6%), dabigatran (38.6%), rivaroxaban (26.7%) and acenocoumarol (22.1%). Creatinine levels were controlled after 2, 6 and 12 months. The authors worked out an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by means of the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Results. The changes in creatinine and eGFR values after 2, 6, 12 months in all 4 subgroups were statistically significant. Post hoc tests showed changes in creatinine and eGFR values after 2, 6, 12 months for apixaban, dabigatran and rivaroxaban compared with acenocoumarol. Three NOACs were associated with ≥ 20% decline in eGFR [hazard ratio (HR): 0.24, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16–0.37, p < 0.001], ≥ 30% increase in creatinine concentration (HR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.11–0.32, p < 0.001) and eGFR < 44 mL/min/1.73 m (HR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.11–0.55, p = 0.002). Conclusion. Using of NOACs is connected with more positive effects of renal outcomes than treatment with acenocoumarol.


Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently attracted greater attention worldwide due to their practicality in monitoring, communicating, and reporting specific physical phenomena. The data collected by WSNs is often inaccurate as a result of unavoidable environmental factors, which may include noise, signal weakness, or intrusion attacks depending on the specific situation. Sending high‐noise data has negative effects not just on data accuracy and network reliability, but also regarding the decision‐making processes in the base station. Anomaly detection, or outlier detection, is the process of detecting noisy data amidst the contexts thus described. The literature contains relatively few noise detection techniques in the context of WSNs, particularly for outlier‐detection algorithms applying time series analysis, which considers the effective neighbors to ensure a global‐collaborative detection. Hence, the research presented in this article is intended to design and implement a global outlier‐detection approach, which allows us to find and select appropriate neighbors to ensure an adaptive collaborative detection based on time‐series analysis and entropy techniques. The proposed approach applies a random forest algorithm for identifying the best results. To measure the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach, a comprehensive and real scenario provided by the Intel Berkeley Research Laboratory has been simulated. Noisy data have been injected into the collected data randomly. The results obtained from the experiment then conducted experimentation demonstrate that our approach can detect anomalies with up to 99% accuracy.


Social economy organisations have generally been ignored by democratic theorists. Similarly writers on the social economy have failed to engage with normative theories of democracy. This paper argues that Paul Hirst's theory of associative democracy can be considered a democratic theory of and for the social economy: self-governing associations become the primary form of social organisation. The paper considers the regulatory framework that would be needed to promote associative democratic reform, in particular the problems of regulating internal democratic practice. Drawing on the case of England, we explore the extent to which actually-existing legal and fiscal frameworks could be utilised to enable such a transition.


According to embedded system to implementation serial-port communication,leading into "Rhapsody" of I-Logix company and the UML(Unified Modeling Language),and adopt the pop-model software to develop a pattern in order to design and development serial-port communication base embedded system.With embedded serial-port example′s realizing,explain that UML method building the model,design and verify that visualization exploitation method,resolve that an embedded system serial-port develops a problem base pattern UML,which has important reference value to embedded system development.


Reusable and unified description criteria is the condition of test case reuse.This criteria gives the good reuse system to test cases.In order to increase the reusability of test cases,by following the principle of minimizing the composition of test case,this paper gives the concepts and formalized definitions of test item,test case,test case suite and test case library,etc.The formalized description to test cases in the test case library,by using Z specification,ensures the accurate and unambiguous to reusable test case library.Application result shows that the method can improve the test cases reusability.


We investigated ZnO(0 0 0 1) single crystals annealed in high vacuum with respect to their magnetic properties and cluster formation tendency after implant-doping with Fe. While metallic Fe cluster formation is suppressed, no evidence for the relevance of the Fe magnetic moment to the observed ferromagnetism was found. The latter along with the cluster suppression is discussed with respect to defects in the ZnO host matrix, since the crystalline quality of the substrates was lowered due to the preparation as observed by x-ray diffraction.


The contribution deals with the investigation of the influence of facet size and smoothing on the results obtained by low-speed digital image correlation (DIC) system by strain analysis performed on specimen with a small hole loaded by tension loading. In conclusion the obtained results are verified by a numerical solution using finite element method.


This invention also includes a process of preparing the soluble double metal salt of group IA and IIA of (-) hydroxycitric acid of general formula I comprising: prepar ing (-) hydroxycitric acid liquid concentrate/Solid lactone of hyroxycitric acid from Garcinia extract, neutralizing the free (-) hydroxycitric acid present in the said (-) hydroxycitric acid liquid concentrate/Solid lactone (-) hydroxycitric acid with group IA metal hydroxides, displacing partially the group IA metal ions in the above Salt Solutions by adding group IIA metal chlorides to form soluble double metal salt of group IA and IIA of (-) hydroxycitric acid, precipitating the said double metal salt of group IA & IIA of (-) hydroxycitric acid by adding aqueous polar Solvent to get soluble IIA metal salt of (-) hydroxycitric acid or obtaining the Soluble double metal Salt as powder by Spray drying prior to the Solvent addition or spray drying water Solubilised Solvent precipitated material.


Abstract Introduction: Open radical cystectomy remains the standard of care in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, in recent years, robotic radical cystectomy has gained in popularity and shown acceptable long-term survival outcomes in a multi-institutional series.1 Female robotic radical cystectomy presents unique challenges to the urologist, particularly in those unfamiliar with female pelvic anatomy. Reproductive organ preservation may improve sexual function and quality-of-life outcomes postoperatively.2 Herein, we will highlight our procedure for robotic radical cystectomy and extended pelvic lymph node dissection in a female patient, with emphasis on the extirpative component. Materials and Methods: A 52-year-old, otherwise healthy, female with high-grade MIBC, status post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy, underwent robotic radical cystectomy with intracorporeal neobladder urinary diversion and extended pelvic lymphadenectomy. Standard six trocar configuration is utilized, with an additional 15 ...


ABSTRACT This article surveys linguistic archaisms in Hrothgar's sermon in order to argue for the authenticity of this passage and for the unselfconscious nature of archaism in Beowulf. It furnishes evidence that undermines theories of interpolation and scribal recomposition, while lending support to the notion that the Beowulf manuscript faithfully preserves a work that one poet composed centuries earlier.


Primary Biliary Cholangitis, previously known as Primary Biliary Cirrhosis, is a rare disease, which mainly affects women in their fifth to seventh decades of life. It is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a progressive damage of interlobular bile ducts leading to ductopenia, chronic cholestasis and bile acids retention. Even if the disease usually presents a long asymptomatic phase and a slow progression, in many patients it may progress faster toward cirrhosis and its complications. The 10 year mortality is greater than in diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus/Hepatitis C Virus coinfection and breast cancer. Ursodeoxycholic acid is the only treatment available today, but even if effective in counteracting the disease progression for the majority of patients, in approximately 40% is not able to decrease effectively the alkaline phosphatase, a surrogate marker of disease activity. Recently, obeticholic acid received the European Medicines Agency conditional approval, as add on treatment in patients non responders or rsodeoxycholic acid intolerant to ursodeoxycholic acid. The present paper illustrates the opinion of a working group, composed by clinical pharmacologists, gastroenterologists/hepatologists with specific expertise on Primary Biliary Cholangitis and patient associations, on the state of the art and future perspectives of the disease management. The agreement on the document was reached through an Expert Meeting. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by∗ Corresponding author at: University "Sapienza", Dept. of Internal Medicine nd Medical Specialties, Viale del Policlinico 151, 000161 Rome, Italy. ax: +39 064463737. E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com (D. Alvaro). ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2017.05.001 590-8658/© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Editrice Gastroente http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). nc-nd/4.0/).


: The present paper seeks to examine the relationship between cash conversion cycle and liquidity of Malaysia firms in consumer product sector for a period of 10 years with a total of 550 observations. This issue is crucial to be measured as it will identify whether firms efficiently manage their working capital or not. This study used panel data, correlation analysis and panel least square (Ordinary Pooled Least Square). The empirical findings suggested that liquidity of the firms has a statistically significant relationship with cash conversion cycle. During the period under study, the results on the relationship signified that the longer the period of cash conversion cycle, the higher the ability of the firms to convert their assets to cash, thus maximizes the shareholder's value. However, firm size has not significantly explained the variations in the liquidity of Malaysian firms, which acts as a control variable in this study. The study underscores the need for future investors as they need to reassure the position of particular firm as well as for firm managers to increase their shareholders value.


In this paper, the random iterative method is introduced to massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems for the efficient downlink linear precoding. By adopting the random sampling into the traditional iterative methods, the matrix inversion within the linear precoding schemes can be approximated statistically, which not only achieves a faster exponential convergence with low complexity but also experiences a global convergence without suffering from the various convergence requirements. Specifically, based on the random iterative method, the randomized iterative precoding algorithm (RIPA) is firstly proposed and we show its approximation error decays exponentially and globally along with the number of iterations. Then, with respect to the derived convergence rate, the concept of conditional sampling is introduced, so that further optimization and enhancement are carried out to improve both the convergence and the efficiency of the randomized iterations. After that, based on the equivalent iteration transformation, the modified randomized iterative precoding algorithm (MRIPA) is presented, which achieves a better precoding performance with low-complexity for various scenarios of massive MIMO. Finally, simulation results based on downlink precoding in massive MIMO systems are given to show the system gains of RIPA and MRIPA in terms of performance and complexity.


In this paper propose, a methodology to identify the Markovian transition probability matrix, which is presented to forecast the degradation process of cold region tunnel lining for performance based design. Reliability, effect of rehabilitation, and steady state probability of tunnel linings, can be evaluated by this process. The degradation states of the tunnel linings are categorized into several ranks, and their degradation processes are characterized by the tunnel management system. The Markovian transition probability matrix of the degradation states which are defined for fix intervals between the inspection points in time. And, Markovian transition probability matrix have to carry out conversion to a discrete value from a continuation value of tunnel lining degradation. The applicability of the identification methodology is investigated by the inspection data set of tunnel linings in Hokkaido.


The invention discloses a power steering oil tank which comprises a tank body, a filtering element and a tank cover, wherein the tank cover is fixed on a lower opening of the tank body, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are formed in the tank cover, and the filtering element is arranged in the tank body. A scale rod is fixed on the filtering element, and the upper rod end of the scale rod penetrates through the top of the tank body to be in threaded connection with a locking nut in a spinning mode. The power steering oil tank is characterized in that the top of the tank body is in a cone shape. The power steering oil tank has the advantages that the top of the tank body is unlikely to deform, sealing performance is good, and leakage is unlikely to happen. Furthermore, the power steering oil tank is simple and reliable in assembly.


This paper presents a practical implementation of a CAM oriented to low-power applications. This implementation takes into account every architectural module integrating the CAM system, as well as the relations among them that allow the minimization of the energy dissipation. This work has followed the complete design process in order to optimize the implementation results in terms of power consumption, and avoiding the performance penalty of previous approaches which did not consider the whole system.


During Beisong Dynasty and Nansong Dynasty, Catering trade developed greatly. Restaurants's bosses tried their best to serve consumers by making rooms beautiful, cooking all kinds of foods and allowing other people serve customers. What they did meant that customers were the most important.


The invention discloses a preparation technique for cefpirome sulfate, which is carried out according to the following steps: first, a crude product of the cefpirome sulfate is put into water, or proper alcohol and alkaline solution are added to the cefpirome solution and stirred until pH value is between 3.0 and 6.0 so as to cause solid cefpirome sulfate to be dissolved; meanwhile, a discoloring agent is added, and stirring and discoloring are carried out, wherein, the mole ratio of the dosage of the discoloring agent to the dosage of the cefpirome is between 1 to 500 and 1 to 10; second, active carbon is added, stirred for 20min to 60 min and is filtered; third, sulphuric acid solution is used for adjusting the pH value of filter liquid to be 1.0 to 4.0; acetone is added and crystallization is carried out; fourth, vacuum filtration is carried out; acetone is used for cleaning crystals; the wet crystal is dried, thus obtaining the cefpirome sulfate. The preparation technique for preparing the cefpirome sulfate has high yield, high purity and good crystal form and can obtain the cefpirome sulfate without mixed color.


Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide which accounts for 8.2 million deaths each year. Cancer is also one of the important public health priorities in Pacific. Developing preventive strategies can help people to reduce the burden of this disease. As there is no any systematic review done till now, this syntactic review study is aimed to understand the common determinants of cancer and the preventive strategies in Pacific. This study applied the Cochrane library guideline of conducting systematic review. Five more frequent databases were used to find relevant studies. Using keywords which were developed based on the aim of the study, and also inclusion and exclusion criteria, articles were searched and reviewing the articles was conducted by two independent coders. After removing duplicated studies, three steps ware applied to achieve the final studies. A data extension sheet was developed and the data were analyzed using a descriptive statistical analysis. Overall, 36 studies were included in the study. USA Pacific countries such as Hawaii had highest number of studies (44%) which followed by South Pacific (33.4%) and Asia Pacific (16.6%) countries. Majority of studies (86%) were applied the quantitative design and 14% were used the qualitative design. The common determinants for cancer were categorized into three areas including the services factors, detection and treatment factors, and individual factors. The most common prevention strategies for cancer were improving health care system such as screening, intensive follow up and surveillance, health education and awareness, policy implementation, and immunization. The results of this study highlighted the most common determinants of cancer and the preventive strategies in Pacific. Considering the results of this study, the health specialist in PICs needs to address all these identified common determinants of cancer among cancer patients from the pacific in the past in order to come up with new strategies or prevention for cancer in the future.


In this research we surveyed the language learning motivation of Hungarian learners of English and German with and without dyslexia. The results of the questionnaire study that altogether involved 1,182 participants indicate that for most learner groups the best direct predictor of how much effort they were willing to invest in language learning was their image of themselves as language learners. Dyslexic language learners were found to have significantly less favorable motivational characteristics than their non-dyslexic peers, which was apparent in language learning self-concepts, attitudes, and motivated behavior. The pedagogical implications of these findings are also discussed.


Common moorhens (Gallinula chloropus), boat-tailed grackles (Quiscalus major) and red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) were collected monthly from September 1984 to August 1985 at a waterhyacinth (Eichhornnia crassipes) infested lake in northcentral Florida. Contents of esophagi and gizzards were examined to assess predation on waterhyacinth weevils, Neochetina eichhorniae and N. bruchi, and other aquatic insects. Waterhyacinth weevils were rarely found in stomach contents of common moorhens, whose herbivorous diet consisted largely of coontail, hydrilla and duckweed. Although diets of the other two bird species varied seasonally, both consumed significant proportions of aquatic insects. Adults of Donacia leaf beetles were found to be very abundant in stomach contents of grackles and blackbirds (aggregate percent: @?x = 17.2, @?x = 26.9, respectively). Neochetina weevils were frequently found in gizzards of boat-tailed grackles and red-winged blackbirds (percent occurrence: @?x = 52.5, @?x = 41.5, respectively), but accounted for a relatively small proportion of the total diet (aggregate percent: @?x = 1.0, @?x = 6.3, respectively). Implications for biological control of waterhyacinth are discussed.


Two levels of /sup 101/Ru have been studied with the help of a well crystal and angular correlation measurements. The conversion coefficients of the gamma and the spin of the levels are given. (auth)


To improve the sheerness of pantyhose to enhance the beauty of women's legs, the design and development of a new yarn and product are proposed. The sheerness of circular plain knitted fabric made from single covered yarns is examined, and the relationships between color, covering level of single covered yarns, and degree of extension of knitted fabrics are discussed. The results show that the appearance and sheerness of pantyhose are greatly influenced by yarn characteristics, degree of extension, and color. Furthermore, sheerness cannot be defined only by light transmittivity. It is necessary to evaluate the lightness difference Δ L* of a uniform color space for a colorless sample and/or chroma ticity differences, Δa* and Δb* of a uniform color space for a colored sample.


For a prime p, let ζp denote a fixed primitive pth root of unity. Let E be an elliptic curve over a number field K with a p-torsion point. Then the p-torsion subgroup of E gives a Kummer extension over K(ζp), and in this paper, we study the ramification of such Kummer extensions using the Kummer generators directly computed by Verdure in 2006. For quadratic fields K, we also give unramified Kummer extensions over K(ζp) generated from elliptic curves over K having a p-torsion point with bad reduction at certain primes. Many of these unramified Kummer extensions have not appeared in the previous work using fundamental units of quadratic fields.


The next generation massive access has attracted considerable recent attention due to its potential in smart meters, industrial internet of things (IIoT), and smart traffics, etc. However, how to achieve the minimum queuing delay in massive access still remains open, thereby making quality-of-service (QoS) assurance a challenging issue in practice. In this paper, we aim at minimizing the average queuing delay by applying cross-layer scheduling with joint channel and buffer awareness, the complexity of which increases exponentially with the number of users. Fortunately, with massive users or devices, mean-field approximation can be adopted to substantially simplify the design and analysis of the delay-optimal scheduling. More specifically, we present a cocktail filling policy and a queue-aware multiuser diversity protocol, in which all backlogged packets of a user will be served by either NOMA or TDMA mode respectively, if the user's channel gain is beyond a certain threshold. The average queuing delay and queue-length-violation probability are derived based on a Markov model. Numerical results will also demonstrate that the mean-field approximation based joint physical and network layer scheduling is capable of improving the QoS in massive access.


The term 'Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)' refers to difficulty processing what we hear; it has an estimated prevalence of 2–3% in children. Diagnosis and management of APD requires a multi-disciplinary approach, given the potential impact of APD on listening, communication and academic outcomes, and considering the frequent comorbidity of APD with related language and learning difficulties. This article provides an overview of the controversy surrounding the definition of APD, the prevalence of the disorder, difficulties associated with APD, the value of a multi-disciplinary approach and finally the management of APD.


The spring forward/back in U-shaped channels made from unidirectional carbon-epoxy composite has been studied experimentally. Samples were prepared to investigate the effects of fibre direction, laminate stacking sequence, channel thickness, female/male mould, post-cure, and ply interleaving. Measurements of the cross-section profiles of the channels after cure/post-cure using a shadow micrograph enabled the spring forward/back angles to be calculated. Micrographs were taken through the thickness of the channels to examine for fibre volume fraction variations and misorientation. The results showed a large spring forward/back was produced in channels made from asymmetric laminates and a small spring forward due to transverse plies. A male mould or post-cure marginally reduced spring forward/back while different corner radii or ply interleaving had a negligible effect. All deflections decreased with increasing channel thickness as the flexibility of the laminates decreased. The micrographic sections showed small amounts of fibre misorientation in some samples but no long range fibre volume fraction variations.


Current ambulance quality and performance measures, such as response times, do not reflect the wider scope of care that services now provide. Using a three‐stage consensus process, we aimed to identify new ways of measuring ambulance service quality and performance that represent service provider and public perspectives.


Procedure dynamic detection without contact, the profile (P) of a solid (1, 1a), in particular in order to determine the wear that has occurred, the solid body (1, 1a) being shaped wheel rail vehicle (1a) made rotationally symmetrical and having a basic substantially cylindrical or annular shape, in which at least a light beam produced by a laser device (2) and widened to form a linear light band (3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3c1, 3c2, 3c3) is projected onto at least one area of the surface of the solid body (1, 1a) going past the laser device (2) on a rail (9) and wherein the reflected light (RL) from the surface of the solid body (1, 1a) is focused on a projection image (5) which is associated with the laser device (2) and whose optical axis ( AA) is disposed at a triangulation angle (psi) fixed relative to the projection direction (OO) of l laser device (2) and is arranged to a base fixed distance (B) relative to the laser device (2), and detected with a high frequency (f) with respect to a movement speed (v) of the body solid (1, 1a) through an absorbing element plane light (6), after which the measurement values (zB) of the profile (P) are obtained from the signals emitted by the absorbing member light (6) according to the triangulation angle (psi) and the base (B) in a device data processing distance by trigonometric relationships and by linking with correction values (Kv) determined in accordance with the movement speed (v) the solid body (1, 1a), and these measured values are stored in the device data processing as profilogram (PG) to obtain a plurality of partial profilograms (PGa, PGB, PGC) that are referred to a magnitude of geometric base fixed and invariable long term wheel of the rail vehicle (1a) and therefrom a complete profilogram (GPG), characterized is obtained in that the measured values (z B) of the profile (P) are obtained by additional link with correction values (Ko) determined according to the area of the surface of the solid body (1, 1a) and which are determined vector factors based on a radius (R) of the solid body (1, 1a) and / or summands, used for the detection of partial profilograms (PGa, PGB, PG c) a measured value (z K) obtained from at least three measured values (z 1, z 2, z 3) which are located on a circular arc the radius (R) and corresponding to the length measurement of the linear light band (3c), adopting this maximum value, and detecting the measured values (z1, z2, z3) on the circular arc by: a) screening simultaneous, at least three light beams enlarged to form bands lumin linear monosaccharides (3c1, 3c2, 3c3) at predetermined distances (N1, N2) on areas of the surface of the solid body (1, 1a), or; b) projecting a single beam of light widened to form a linear light band (3c) on the surface of the solid body (1, 1a) at predetermined (DeltaT) at least three times (t 1, t timeslots 2, t 3).


Mobile users are often reluctant to participate in federated learning to train models, due to the excessive consumption of the limited resources such as the mobile devices' energy. We propose an auction-based online incentive mechanism, FLORA, which allows users to submit bids dynamically and repetitively and compensates such bids subject to each user's long-term battery capacity. We formulate a nonlinear mixed-integer program to capture the social cost minimization in the federated learning system. Then we design multiple polynomial-time online algorithms, including a fractional online algorithm and a randomized rounding algorithm to select winning bids and control training accuracy, as well as a payment allocation algorithm to calculate the remuneration based on the bid-winning probabilities. Maintaining the satisfiable quality of the global model that is trained, our approach works on the fly without relying on the unknown future inputs, and achieves provably a sublinear regret and a sublinear fit over time while attaining the economic properties of truthfulness and individual rationality in expectation. Extensive trace-driven evaluations have confirmed the practical superiority of FLORA over existing alternatives.


From 1981 to 1985 in the high desert of Oregon, followers of Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh built a city on a 100-square-mile ranch. They attracted red-clothed Rajneeshees and controversy from around the world. As part of the only largescale program of surveys and systematic research on the ranch, a sample of 67 Rajneeshees (34 women and 33 men with a mean age of 35) took the California Psychological Inventory (CPI). The mean t scores on the 20 profiled scales of Raineeshee men and women were similar to one another and dissimilar to the norm group on several scales. They scored particularly high on In (Independence) and Fx (Flexibility). In general they were high on the interpersonal style sector and mildly low on the sector covering conformity and socialization. A new method for producing a prototypical person's results, the quasi-individualized profile, is illustrated. On the recently developed structural model of the CPI, Rajneeshees were strongly norm doubting (Deltas and Gammas), and about evenly split betwe...


Taking the benchmark Decklid provided by NUMISHEET'05 international conference as researched object and the special sheet metal stamping simulation software DYNAFORM as platform,some main influence factors on the stability of stamping simulation results for complex cover panels were analyzed,a corresponding evaluation system of stability was established.By stamping simulation for sample part,some key issues that needed to be solved in sheet metal stamping simulation were proposed to improve simulation efficiency and stability of simulation results,to reduce the dependence of simulation results on experience and skills of CAE analysis.They involved into the adaptive meshed technique oriented stamping simulation stability,the intelligent definition,checking and correcting technology of finite element model,how to reduce the effect of the definition pattern of tooling motion curve on stamping simulation results,how to enhance the simulation accuracy of drawbead model,contact and friction model,novel material model,multi-step stamping simulation model etc.


This paper investigates developments in the treatment of the related concepts of metalepsis and paragraphe in Greek rhetorical theory from the second century AD onwards. It argues that prima facie anomalies in theoretical discussion can be explained as a pragmatic adaptation to contemporary court practice. Examination of the relevant scholia to Hermogenes throws light on their sources. In particular, it is argued that the Sopater of RG 4 is likely to be an attested Alexandrian sophist of the late fifth century; he should not be identified with the Sopater of RG 5, although he adapted material from the latter's commentary, as well as from one of the sources of the compilation in RG 7. This paper takes as its point of departure an anomaly in the version of issue- theory developed by Greek rhetorical theorists in the second and subsequent centuries AD. Metalepsis ('objection') was one of thirteen issues distinguished by the version of the theory that prevailed from the second century onwards. The initial puzzle arises from the subdivision of metalepsis into two species, which relate to different kinds of dispute, requiring substantially different strategies of argument. Since issue-theory seeks to identify different kinds of dispute, and to define a strategy of argument appropriate to each kind, the combination of these two species within a single issue seems to contradict the theory's fundamental rationale. This problem is compounded by the fact that the combination resulted from a modification of the theory. In an earlier version of the thirteen-issue system only one of the species was classed as metalepsis; cases falling under the other species (called paragraphe by most theorists) were handled, more logically, under one of the legal issues. It is not easy to find a rationale for the apparently anomalous modification. If we turn to the scholia to Hermogenes for assistance we find a bewildering variety of complex and contradictory accounts. At first sight, the later history of rhetorical theory seems only to have multiplied the puzzles. The first aim of the present paper is therefore to improve on the brief and somewhat inadequate treatment of this material in my commentary on Hermogenes. 1 The first section examines the treatment of the concepts of metalepsis and paragraphe in rhetorical theory in and after the second century AD, and seeks to understand why the theory developed as it did during that period. The second section returns, in the light of that survey, to the initial puzzle, and suggests that the early modification of the thirteen-issue system is best understood as an adaptation of theory to contemporary court practice. The focus of attention changes in the third section. The evidence for the history of the 1 Heath (1995) 78f., 134-41. The research for the present paper was completed with the support of a British Academy Research Readership. I am grateful to Ed Carawan for reading and commenting on an earlier version of the present paper; I have found his encouragement and advice extremely helpful.


A flow injection atomic absorption spectrometric method for determination of selenium was developed. Various testing coditions and effect factors for the determination of Se were discussed. The linear range for Se was 0.33~50 μg/L. The relative standard deviation was less than 3 % and the recovery was 93%~106%. This method was applied to the determination of selenium in Se riched gastrodia elata blume, grape and rice.


Critical discussion of Etty Hillesum's diary has mostly concentrated on the Holocaust. This essay emphasizes the literariness of An Interrupted Life—symbols, metaphors, intertexts, and the sense of coherence—and examines the diary's relationship to spiritual autobiography, the bildungsroman, and (meta)fiction. Addressing simplified notions of the diary as a genre, the author argues that the "novelization" created by the act of publishing a (literary) diary is the product of the interplay between the scripts of the diarist, the editor, and the reader alike.


Objective To acknowledge the gene mutation types of βmediterranean anemia in Lishui area of Zhejiang province. Method The type of gene mutation was determined by reverse dot hybridization in patients screened initially. Results 5 types of gene mutation were detected in our district, including 40% of βglobin gene IVS-2nt 654(C→T) mutation, 36% of CD41-42(-TCTT) mutation, 16% of CD17(A→T) mutation, 4% of TATA box nt-28(A→G) mutation and 4% of CD27-28(+C) mutation. Conclusion This research result has important significance to the education before marriage, descend consulation and antepartum diagnosis of βmediterranean anemia.


While Calderón de la Barca and Shakespeare, in collaboration with Fletcher, devoted important plays to the birth of the English Reformation and Henry VIII's divorce, the radical difference of their political and cultural contexts, as well as the dramatic treatment of the subject, has rendered systematic comparisons between them an exercise in platitude. Even the most casual of readers will discover what an aesthetic and ideological gap exists between Calderón's La Cisma de Inglaterra (1627) and Shakespeare's All is True (1623). While Calderón produced an edifying aviso de príncipes through a courtly de casibus story full of melodramatic undertones, centered on the stock figures of the evil advisor and the lustful woman, Shakespeare sought to restore the historical complexity of King Henry's decision in a daring irenic gesture that recuperated the figure of Katherine of Aragón for English history by portraying her demise in terms of martyrdom. Exemplary melodrama, on the one hand; tragic revisionism, on the other. However, it must be noted that the contending characterizations of melodrama and tragedy have traditionally been ascribed to both plays by critical traditions and staging histories alike. In the case of Shakespeare, the tragic component was most candidly expounded in the mid 18th century by Samuel Johnson, who wrote: "The meek sorrows and virtuous distress of Catherine have furnished some scenes which may be justly numbered among the greatest efforts of tragedy." And in 1948, a critic as influential as Frank Kermode voiced the other extreme of opinion by declaring that Katherine's unremitting appeals to pity were but a collection of "tear-jerkers." In the case of Calderón's play an older generation of critics such as Parker, MacKurdy, Entwistle or Wilson, following the lead of Menéndez Pelayo (1881), disputed that La cisma should be regarded as a true tragedy, while more recent critics such as Ruiz Ramón (1984) and M. Vitse (1997) have readily counted it among the tragedies in the Spanish playwright's oeuvre. The criteria of inclusion, in these views, is the presence of a fall brought about by the ominous presence of Fate, understood both as an unstoppable chain of events and an outcome prefigured by the very nature of a temperament. The tragic interpretation emphasizes the centrality of Henry VIII, portrayed as a Faustian figure painfully aware of what lies in store for him. However, this tragic component lies in tension with its exemplary—indeed, almost didactic—intent. The lustful and cismatic nature of the king's fall cancels out the tragic in favor of the morally reprehensible—just


Turkey's presidential and parliamentary election processes in 2007 caused a debate over the nature of the country's Europeanization - its gradual adaptation to the EU's norms in domestic and foreign policy realms, as well as its secular modernization - in the course of the EU accession process. The debate revolves around the question of whether the Justice and Development party- led liberal-democratic reforms at home will result in Turkey's eventual membership in the EU - suggesting that Turkey's European identity would no longer be disputed at home or abroad - or whether Turkey will transform into a moderate Islamic country, where the increasing public salience of Islam will in the end erode the secular, unitary, and European character of the regime. This debate is currently unfolding at two levels, domestic and external. Domestically, the Justice and Development party (JDP) and its intellectual supporters have been confronting the traditional secular elites.1 Externally, contending blocks of politicians and intellectuals in the European Union have been trying to assess the degree of Turkey's commitment to, as well as its readiness for, EU membership.Recently, this debate intensified when Turkey's constitutional court agreed to hear the case filed against the JDP by the chief state judge. The judge wanted to ban the party, as well as its influential political members, on the grounds that they represented increasing threats to Turkey's secular character. High-level representatives ofthe European Union, including the head ofthe EU Commission and the commissioner in charge of enlargement process, have expressed their discomfort with this particular development and made it clear that European public opinion would find the idea of Turkey's governing party being closed down by the constitutional court odd (and indeed in the final verdict, the court argued it was the focal point of antisecular activity, but did not ban it). On numerous occasions they have emphasized that secularism in Turkey should never justify the banning of political parties or the suspension ofthe democratization process.2That said, this article argues that Turkey's decades -long Europeanization process might not be sustainable in the years to come, for two main reasons. First, the traditional supporters of this process in Turkey, mainly the secular elites, have recently adopted Euro- skeptic attitudes and become the champions of anti-EU sentiment. To the secular elites, JDP's support of Turkey's EU membership appears to be more tactical than strategic, in the sense that the continuation ofthe EU accession process has been considered by the JDP leadership to be vital for the party's ability to secure external and internal legitimacy in the eyes of its critics. This article underlines the point that absent the support ofthe secular elites for the Europeanization process, it is going to be difficult, if not impossible, to achieve Ataturk's goal to have Turkey become a part of contemporary civilization via inclusion in the EU. Second, the ongoing internal debate in Turkey seems to have weakened the hands of those in the EU who have thus far tried to justify Turkey's membership on the basis of normative grounds. Turkey's internal debate has been mirrored inside the EU in that a group of normative supporters of Turkey's accession, the so-called liberal cosmopolitanists, applauds Turkey's liberal democratization under the leadership of the JDP government, whereas the other group of normative supporters, the so-called traditionalists, shares the worries of Turkey's secular elites, yet at the same time fears the negative consequences of militarization in the name of protecting secularism.Against such a background, we first analyze the dynamics of the ongoing debate in Turkey by paying particular attention to the concerns of the traditional secular elites about the intentions of the JDP, particularly with regard to Turkey's Islamization. Then an attempt will be made to highlight the growing schism between Turkey's normative supporters inside the EU. …


E cient Video-Based Deep Learning for Ultrasound Guided Needle Insertion Jonathan Rubin ∗ firstname.lastname@example.com Alvin Chen ⇤ email@example.com Anumod Odungattu Thodiyil email@example.com Raghavendra Srinivasa Naidu email@example.com Ramon Erkamp firstname.lastname@example.com Jonathan Fincke firstname.lastname@example.com Balasundar Raju firstname.lastname@example.com Philips Research North America Precision Diagnosis and Image Guided Therapy Department


The cyclical behavior of the economy is of great interest to Congress, yet the onset of an economic downturn is seldom recognized immediately. Recognition can take more than a year and is based on the accumulation of considerable supportive data. The behavior of interest rates may provide advanced warning of an impending downturn. Following six of the past seven episodes in which the federal funds rate — the interest rate used by the Federal Reserve to conduct monetary policy — rose above the level of interest rates on all maturities of U.S. Treasury securities, the U.S. experienced an economic downturn. The exception occurred in 1998. A similar pattern might now be emerging as the Federal Reserve raises the target rate for federal funds. Should historic patterns continue and an actual inversion occur, it might signal an impending economic contraction. This report will be updated as events warrant.


The popular Japanese anime Tiger & Bunny has become a topic of discussion in media reports because of its eye-catching product placement approach. This paper is a case study on this superhero anime in order to demonstrate that the convergence in media is a process both top-down corporate-driven and bottom-up consumer-driven. The unique feature of this anime is the integration of product placement with the story itself. The sponsors in real life place their product logos onto the hero suits of the superheroes in the anime, whom are celebrity superheroes of a reality TV show in the story universe. Therefore, in the story world of this anime, characters are dealing with a highly commercialized media convergence themselves.This research illustrates the change in audience attitude and their reflections on such commercialization within and outside of the story world. The data unfolds the changing relationship between audience and producers and the influence of participatory culture on the media production, especially in the realm of audience's sense making towards the product placement within the show.


3d scanning of objects and the surroundings have many practical uses. During the last decade reduced cost and increased performance has made them more accessible to larger consumer groups. The pric ...


The science of morphology is the mother of the sciences, and grammar is its father, and one of its chapters is the chapter of derivatives. Scientists have dealt with it by researching its origins and rules and solving its problems, and for my knowledge in this research, I have stood on the side of anomalies in this section, so I fulfilled all its issues in two sections. And in the second section, I mentioned what came out of the analogy in this section and showed the opinions of scholars regarding the oddities of these words, and the following was reached: 1- Derivatives have multiple standard and non-standard forms. 2- What is outside the analogy is often mentioned in a language. 3- The Arabs said the terms outside the rules, intending to have meanings other than the previous one. 4- What is out of measure is not much, and I have considered anomalies. 5- The Arabs may use a form in place of another form in order to eloquence, elucidate and exaggerate the thing.


The purpose of the work was to study the sorption ability of pectins, obtained by acid method and enzymatic extraction from tubers of Jerusalem artichoke. Determination of sorption capacities of pectin was conducted by complexometric method with use of the isolation method of Ostvald. There were established complexing abilities of pectins, obtained by acid method (132,8 mg/g) and of pectins, obtained by enzymatic extraction (298,92 mg/g). The maximum degree of the extraction has formed 25,52% from source concentration lead-ion (pectin, obtained by acid method) and 57,45% (pectin, obtained by enzymatic extraction). It has been established that process of complexing runs on kinetics of first order and absorption process is better described by equation of Freyndlikh. The influence of the temperature on sorption ability of pectin is insignificant.