This study, therefore, aims to investigate the effects of dietary fatty acids on endometrial pinopode expression. Twenty eight rats were randomly divided into four groups (seven rat per treatment).Treatment diets were rat chow only control diet ( con ), rat chow containing 0.9 ml soybean oil (SO) + 0.9 ml cod liver oil (CLO) the ratio 1:1, rat chow added with 1.5 ml SO + 0 .3 ml CLO the ratio 6:1 and rat chow added with 1.74 ml SO + 0.06 ml CLO the ratio 30:1 ,feeds of 15g/ day were given and water was available ad libitum . . The endometrial samples were evaluated under SEM. developing pinopodes were seen during increasing progesterone concentrations especially in Diet 1:1 group, and regressing pinopodes were found with decreasing progesterone in Diet 30:1 groups. In both Diet 1:1 treated and control animals, on days 15 of pregnancy, scanning electron micros copy revealed the microvilli of the uterine epithelial cells in the treated animals were more dense than those in the Diet 30:1 treated animals.


BENTHIC PRIMARY PRODUCTION : A BIBLIOGRAPHIC COMPILATION The present report constitutes a synthesis of current knowledge concerning the primary production of the benthic marine ecosystems. The first part deals with the organisms responsible for primary production and the associations that they constitue. The second part briefly presents the principal methods of measurement. For more indepth explanations, one can refer to the authors cited. The method of measuring the dissolved oxygen, used at the oceanography laboratory at Noumka, is presented in detail. The final parts deals with the factors controlling the primary production (light, temperature, nutrients, photosynthetic capacity). Five annexes groups together a large number of results extracted from the literature and concerned with net production, gross production and productivity. The given report should permit the reader to appreciate the role and the importance of the different groups of vegetables in the process of benthic primary production. key words : primary production, phytobenthos, bibliography, methodology, oceanographical data.


School age children are past the age of children who are very different from adults. Survey of 10 children known that many as 50% of children have less knowledge and not undrestand the importance of PHBS, one of the problems of personal health conditions such as eating not wash their hands first. This study aimed to determine the effect of health education for knowledge and attitude of PHBS in children of Panti Asuhan Keluarga Yatim Muhammadiyah (PAKYM) Surakarta. This research method is by using a quasi-experimental design pretest-posttest control group were equipped with a quantitative approach. This research using questionnaires as research instrument. This study population is PAKYM surakarta many as 46 children. Distribution of the sample using random sampling by the division of the experimental group 23 children and the control group 23 children. Analysis of the data used is a bivariate analysis of paired samples T test. The results prove that there is no effect of health education lectures to knowledge (p=0,426) and attitude (p=0,492) of PHBS in children PAKYM surakarta.
Key words : PHBS, knowledge, attitude and health education


The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) resulted in test parameters implemented in Superpave™ which are based upon linear visco-elastic measurements, for example G*/sind, G*.sind, S(t), and m(t). The last three of these are used to define fatigue and thermal cracking. In addition, the SHRP research workers developed the Christensen-Anderson binder model, defining the R value (rheological index) and cross-over frequency. The R value is related to the relaxation properties of the binder. More recently, other test parameters have been proposed for cracking evaluation such as the Glover-Rowe parameter (G*.cosd2/sind), the difference between Tcrit from S(t) & m(t) ( Tc), and the visco-elastic transition temperature (TVET and G*VET). All of these test parameters are measured in the linear visco-elastic region. This paper demonstrates how these model parameters can be interrelated through an understanding of the linear visco-elastic properties and how a simple understanding of a few key asphalt binder parameters can be used to estimate other parameters. Data will be presented that demonstrates how these parameters correlate to cracking behaviour.


We examined the security and privacy risks of phone number recycling in the United States. We sampled 259 phone numbers available to new subscribers at two major carriers, and found that 171 of them were tied to existing accounts at popular websites, potentially allowing those accounts to be hijacked. Additionally, a majority of available numbers led to hits on people search services, which provide personally identifiable information on previous owners. Furthermore, a significant fraction (100 of 259) of the numbers were linked to leaked login credentials on the web, which could enable account hijackings that defeat SMS-based multi-factor authentication. We also found design weaknesses in carriers' online interfaces and number recycling policies that could facilitate attacks involving number recycling. We close by recommending steps carriers, websites, and subscribers can take to reduce risk.


By imparting expectations and behavioral norms for effective cooperation and teaming, effective study habits and by serving as role models of success-oriented behaviors it is our challenge to position the upcoming generation to preserve and further the gains of science and technology toward solving the challenges facing humanity. Many traditional paradigms exist such as apprenticeships, tutoring, job shadowing, internships and even 'externships' which bring teachers to industry for a summer of 'onthe-job' training. Even with the many successful efforts and paradigms which exist today, experts predict a shortfall in the future STEM workforce: the demand will not be met. Recognizing themselves as stakeholders, industries which employ and depend on a STEM-literate workforce have taken action --developing models and initiating efforts to enhance and augment the existing STEM-education infrastructure. This paper will discuss two programs which have resulted from the collaboration between Raytheon Company –a leader in technology and innovation-and the New England Patriots – a world class sports organization. This seemingly unlikely partnership has proven successful in advancing Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education in the middle and high school age groups. The first program titled "Science-of-Sports" uses a science fair model and includes a third partner: the Boys & Girls Clubs of New England. The guidelines, operation and success-enablers will be described for those who may be interested in trying this model. The second program is an engineering design challenge titled: "Power-to-Hear". "Powerto-Hear" is an engineering design competition structured to represent the challenges faced by industry teams when designing and manufacturing devices for today's highly competitive global marketplace. The reasons for two programs will be explained and examples of students' results will be shown. Metrics for the growth and sustainability of these programs will be presented. Lastly, the paper provides an example of how the students' work maps to a set of standards used by the state of Massachusetts for the comprehensive assessment of student learning for grades six through twelve. One example will be provided in the body of the paper. A larger mapping is included as an appendix. It is our belief that these programs are adaptable for use by others interested in advancing STEM education and developing the next generation of engineers and entrepreneurs -those who share our view --the view summarized by this year's theme: "Engineering Education: Frankly, We Do Give a D*mn". Introduction: With the exception of a few notable events such as the moon landing, or an occasional medical break-through, the public's interest and literacy in the sciences and technologies is low in proportion to amount of technology in common use in the last thirty years. As a result, curricula historically did not allocate much time to the science and math behind the advanced technology of items like home computers, cell phones, GPS devices, and the wireless devices regularly used today. The non-existent or casual treatment of these topics positioned students only to be avid consumers or perhaps savvy end-users, but, fell short by failing to impart at least some understanding of what is takes to design, manufacture and bring such items to market. These topics have begun to appear in curricula driven by the demand for a technically competent work force at a time when a large population of the current work force prepares to retire. 1 A simulation developed by Raytheon in partnership with the Business Higher Education Forum (BHEF) permits trade-off studies and analyses of hypotheses and parameters which are supposed to impact the strength of the projected STEM infrastructure. 2,3 Such parameters include: the aging and retirement of the STEM workforce, the current and proposed salaries for STEM educators, the current student interest and ability in STEM competencies and the expected demand for a STEM-competent workforce. Current projections using baseline parameters and existing data indicate a likely shortfall in the STEM infrastructure. 1,2,3 Further, research has shown that student proficiency in math declines as students move from middle school to high school and existing data show that the number of students that are proficient or advanced in math at the 12th grade level is approximately equal to the number that declare their intent to pursue a STEM major freshman year in college 2,4,6 Graph 1: Declines in Student Math Proficiency by Grade 2 Changing the Image of STEM In The Eyes of Students "Survey data collected as part of Raytheon's MathMovesU program indicates that only 1/3 of middle school (6th to 8th grade) students like math a great deal, and, that by eighth grade, 45% are turned off to math, describing it as "boring"" . 2 Attempts to popularize and create a positive image of the scholastic endeavors of those with interests in math, science and technology include modifying the vernacular to include words like 'math-lete'. Or, in holding events billed as academic '-athlons' or 'olympiads'. These events build on the example, prestige and popularity of sports to capture the interest of students who may have the aptitude for STEM studies, but for whom science, technology, engineering and math studies may not yet have caught their interest. The partnership between the Raytheon Company and the New England Patriots takes this idea further. In 2008, the Raytheon-Patriots collaboration created an educational branch of the New England Patriots organization for the purpose of promoting and holding STEM-centric events at Gillette stadium which encourage and reward student participation in STEM activities. Similar to the idea behind the U.S. Academic Decathlon --which by design includes students of several abilities 5 --, the Raytheon-Patriots idea was to capture the interest of the students who may not otherwise be interested in STEM topics, or who may have no STEM role models, and show them how STEM-based subjects and technologies influence society: everyday, everywhere, including the sports arena. Having caught the students' interest, the programs --through mentoring associations with practicing engineers and scientists-provide an educational experience which makes exploring STEM topics fun and exciting using topics and subjects directly chosen by the students in an atmosphere of support, reward and celebrity. Physics Rules the Game: Working behind the scenes at each and every sporting event are the laws of physics, governing everything from the trajectory of a football, to the spin of an Olympic skater, to the drag on the hull of a world-class sailboat. Technology abounds in the modern sports arena from state-of-the-art displays to the latest in protective equipment. Developments in material science and electronic and computer technology impact the game in ways which when examined even casually, offer such a variety of STEM related topics it seems that there is something which could attract the curiosity and interest of almost every student. Combine the opportunity to explore any topic within the theme of the 'science of sports' with the opportunity to win a scholarship, or, for the chance to be a VIP at Patriots' training camp and a meaningful STEM-based competition is born. Add in the opportunity to be mentored by practicing, experienced engineers and our paradigm is defined. Annual Competitions: Two competitions have resulted from the Raytheon-Patriots partnership. The first is titled "The Science-of-Sports". The "Science-of-Sports" is open to the Boys and Girls Clubs (herein B&G) across New England. The "Science of Sports" competition uses a science fair model. Raytheon engineers and scientists partner with staff members from the B&G clubs and over a period of approximately four months (mid-January to earlier May) to mentor and guide the students from topic selection, through prototype development to data collection finally culminating in a judging event at Gillette Stadium. Several success-enablers are provided. Each team is assigned a Technical Advisor – an experienced engineer (many of whom are Engineering Fellows with advance degrees) to provide oversight and ensure success. The Tech Advisors provide support and guidance to the team mentors. A formal "mid-term" review is held midway through the program (approx mid-March) during which the Tech Advisors review each team's project. The projects are reviewed for the current status and for any problems with the hypothesis or setup. The ability of the team to collect the data needed to test their stated hypothesis is evaluated. The mid-term review is an opportunity to strengthen the projects and to offer constructive feedback early enough to allow the teams to make adjustments or enhancements before the judging event. The judging is a full-day event which takes place at Gillette Stadium using the open floor space of the Putnam Club (Appendix A) in a festive and celebrity-like environment. The first round of judging is done by the Raytheon Technical Advisors. The Tech Advisors rotate among the student displays and interview the teams for approximately five minutes per booth according to a formal schedule. The Tech Advisors rank the teams using the scoring guidelines provided in Appendix B. Each team is seen by three pairs of Tech Advisors. The Tech Advisor scores are averaged to determine the top six teams who go on to present to the executive judges consisting of Raytheon CEO Bill Swanson, Patriots Chairman and CEO Robert Kraft, a Patriot football player and Raytheon's Engineering Director and Director of Corporate Affairs, Bob Filosa. Additional success-enablers provided to the teams include: team-building and ice breaker exercises, a formal kick-off event at Gillette stadium complete with scientists performing 'science magic', a scoring rubric, and a budget for project material


The development, operation and applications of a novel continuous chemical reactor system are described. The system, known as a Multiple Stream Mixer/Reactor (or MMR), produces nanoparticles by direct precipitation from two or more reactant solution streams in an extreme energy density, ultraturbulent, collision reaction region. Sensors and a control system are employed to assure constant mixing conditions and desired stoichiometry in the reaction region. The interaction chamber is designed to allow macro-, meso- and micromixing during processing. This allows control of product purity, yield, size, size distribution, and phase purity. Typical nanoparticle diameters in the one to ten nanometer range are often achievable, with tight size distribution. The MMR can be scaled from development quantities to tons/hour for production applications.


There are 5 critical quality characteristics in the bolding process in semiconductor assembly line,and these characteristics are correlated,so the principal components analysis is used to analyze the sampling data and the former several components are controlled with Hotelling T2 controlling chart.Furthermore,the sampling data are analyzed by the developed analysis tool.It is proven that the results remain the same when Hotelling T2 control chart is directly used,except for the transformation from high-dimension to lower dimension,i.e. from 5 to 2 or three in this example.


Acoustic emission (AE) technique is developed to locate source of damage inside of concrete. However, the AE signal is interfered by much noise, which makes the determination of first time amplitude of AE signal is hard to be carried out. In fact, the determination of this parameter is a significant part for locating the source of damage in concrete. Therefore, one of the denoising methods called wavelet based denoising is proposed. In this case, some wavelet bases function are investigated to find out the proper wavelet bases function to perform the denoising of AE Signal. From the experimental data, the best wavelet basis function for this case is Coiflet, which is shown by providing the best SNR than the other wavelet families. In addition, the determining cracks locations on concrete can be performed easier on denoised AE signal than on noisy AE signal.


North Carolina took its initial step in, clinical cancer controlon April 27, 1948, with the opening of the New Hanover County Cancer Center. This statewide project is directed by the Division of Cancer Control of the state board of health, with the Cancer Committee of the State Medical Society and the North Carolina Division of the American Cancer Society as collaborators. Cooperating agencies within the state board of health are the Divisions of Oral Hygiene, Industrial Hygiene, Laboratory of Hygiene, Tuberculosis Control, Local Health, Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine. The Cancer Committee of the state medical society assists the state health officer and the director of the Division of Cancer Control in, formulating plans and policies that are practical and acceptable to the private practitioner, on whom a great part of the success of this program depends. The state division of the American Cancer Society with other local organizations assists by


Three-component systems, 1a−c and 2a,b, comprising 1,8-naphthalimide and 4-methoxy-1,8-naphthalimide as fluorophore, a dimethylamino moiety as guest binding site and a polymethylene group as spacer, have been synthesized and the fluorescence behavior of these systems has been studied in the absence and in the presence of the salts of several transition metal ions. The systems are found to be very weakly fluorescent compared to their constituent fluorophores (3 and 4) and this observation has been ascribed to photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer (PIET) between the electron rich amino moiety (donor) and relatively electron deficient fluorophore component (acceptor). Spectral and electrochemical data indicate the thermodynamic feasibility of PIET (exergonic free energy changes) in these multicomponent systems and PIET is found to be most efficient in systems where the fluorophore and the amino moiety are separated by two methylene groups. Fluorescence decay behavior of the systems suggest that PIET ...


A summary of a systematic investigation of counters with a controlled pulse supply is presented. The characteristics of conventional self-quenched counters, lowvoltage halogen counters, and non-self-quencbing counters are discussed. By means of a controlled pulse supply, new hodoscopic systems were developed. The mechanisms and characteristics of these new detectors are discussed. (tr-auth)


Energy Storage Systems (EES) are key to further increase the penetration in energy grids of intermittent renewable energy sources, such as wind, by smoothing out power fluctuations. In order this to be economically feasible; however, the ESS need to be sized correctly and managed efficiently. In the study, the use of discrete wavelet transform (Daubechies Db4) to decompose the power output of utility-scale wind turbines into high and low-frequency components, with the objective of smoothing wind turbine power output, is discussed and applied to four-year Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) real data from multi-MW, on-shore wind turbines provided by the industrial partner. Two main research requests were tackled: first, the effectiveness of the discrete wavelet transform for the correct sizing and management of the battery (Li-Ion type) storage was assessed in comparison to more traditional approaches such as a simple moving average and a direct use of the battery in response to excessive power fluctuations. The performance of different storage designs was compared, in terms of abatement of ramp rate violations, depending on the power smoothing technique applied. Results show that the wavelet transform leads to a more efficient battery use, characterized by lower variation of the averaged state-of-charge, and in turn to the need for a lower battery capacity, which can be translated into a cost reduction (up to −28%). The second research objective was to prove that the wavelet-based power smoothing technique has superior performance for the real-time control of a wind park. To this end, a simple procedure is proposed to generate a suitable moving window centered on the actual sample in which the wavelet transform can be applied. The power-smoothing performance of the method was tested on the same time series data, showing again that the discrete wavelet transform represents a superior solution in comparison to conventional approaches.


Light propagation in a finite nonlinear one-dimensional photonic crystal coated with a metal film is theoretically investigated through the nonlinear transfer matrix method and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. It is found that the layered structure exhibits both pronounced unidirectionality and high transmission. This leads to all-optical diode actions. Compared with other similar studies, the designed structure has some advantages. First, the structure only with seven periods is much simpler than presented similar structures; second, the structure has both high transmittance and large transmission contrast; third, the perfect performance of AOD is robust to the metal loss.


Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is increasingly being reported in patients with cancer and in those undergoing chemotherapy. Up to 29% of patients admitted with a final diagnosis of stress TTS have had cancer.1 Several cases of TTS have been described in patients taking oncology drugs including fluoropyrimidines (5-fluorouracil, capecitabine), moleculartargeted agents (sunitinib, bevacizumab, trastuzumab), and cisplatin.1 By stimulating the immune system, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may induce immune-related adverse events that could involve the skin, endocrine glands, liver, and lungs.2 Recent reports have also highlighted the risk of cardiotoxicity related to ICI administration, including atrial fibrillation, atrioventricular block, pericardial effusion, and myocarditis.2 We have recently described cases of takotsubo-like syndrome occurring in patients receiving ICIs.3 To identify whether this is clinically important, we performed a


Agriculture which sustains most of the Naucelle county's economy still relies on a family farms basis. Though actually successful it will meet in a near future many uneasy problems related to depopulation : out migration from agriculture, marked relative excess of single males amongst adults, a growing number of holdings without expected heirs. The present trend has given rise to the large village of Naucelle (department of Aveyron) which has recently received such an inflow of young households, crafts'men, trades'men and retired people that it actually looks like a small town. Naucelle wishes to energize its whole rural district in order to boost its development. Nevertheless it is not easy to launch there new non farming enterprises in order to increase non agricultural employment. The late progress of tourism had no incentive effect yet.


Objective To explore the clinical significance of total mesorectal excision and pelvic autonomic nerve preservation in the middle and low rectal cancer resection.Methods From January 2005 to July 2007,11 cases of radical resection of low rectal cancer were carried out in our department,meanwhile,total mesorectal excision combined with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation surgery was adopted,the patient's medical records were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 11 cases received the successful completion of surgical operation,no operative deaths and postoperative anastomotic leakage occurred.Only 1 case recurred in perineal after 2 years.6 cases of male patients under the age of 60 showed the indicators of normal sexual function,sexual function in 3 cases of female patients under the age of 55 was in good status.11 cases of patients had no urinary incontinence,normal urination,and normal defecation.Conclusion Total mesorectal excision with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation in the middle and low rectal application of radical surgery can not increasing the postoperative complications,and can effectively improve the patients quality of life.


I probably spend more time than recommended browsing the web and reading privacy policies and terms of service, looking for patterns. When I encounter a


Abstract : A 600-hour endurance run with 48-hour measurements indicated satisfactory endurance and maintenance characteristics for the unit. Two tank dives, to 60 and 80 feet, showed the unit to be adequate for one man to 60 feet; in addition, two river dives showed the unit to be adequate for field conditions. For any given discharge pressure, no major volumetric efficiency change occurred during the run.


• Herring in the ocean between Iceland and Norway was one of the largest fish stocks in the world until the fishery crashed in the late 1960s. The catch in 1971 was only 20 thousand metric tons in contrast with the record of 2 million tons in 1966 and the spawning stock declined from more than 10 million tons to 10 thousand tons in 20 years. After nearly 25 years of almost no fishing the stock finally recovered.


Currently in a Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) research field, supporting mobility is recognized as an important technology. MIPv6 and Network Mobility(NEMO) Basic Support Protocol are standard protocols to support mobility in the Internet. However, if they are applied to USN with no modification, handoff performance decreases due to the size of their binding message. An existing lightweight protocol for NEMO protocol has a compatibility problem of Sequence Num. and does not optimally compress binding messages considering 6LoWPAN network structure and addressing. This paper proposes optimal header compression which supports node-based mobility and network-based mobility. Our optimal compression technique compresses a 32bytes binding update(BU) message and a 12bytes binding ACK(BA) message of MIPv6 into 13bytes and 3bytes, and a 40bytes BU message and a 12bytes BA message of NEMO protocol into 13bytes and 3bytes. The result shows that our protocol compresses 15bytes (NEMO-BU) and 1byte (NEMO-BA) more than the existing protocol and achieves 8.72% handoff performance improvement.


Background: The mini C arm is a mobile fluoroscopic device for use on extremities. It has been reported that this type of device has several advantages over a conventional C arm, the most important of which is a decreased level of radiation scatter to the surgeon. Methods: This was a case control study. The radiation dose to the surgeon was calculated from the radiation exposure time and distance from the x-ray emitter. Cases using the mini C arm were compared with operation-matched controls that had the identical procedure performed with a conventional C arm. Results: The mini C arm caused statistically less radiation scatter to the surgeon, but there was no statistically significant difference in the radiation exposure to the patient. This was despite a significantly larger number of exposures with the mini C arm for each operation type. Conclusions: The mini C arm should be used in preference to the conventional C arm for extremity surgery, if both are available.


A high load capacity timber connector based on a reinforced punched-tooth plate has been developed as an alternative to the traditional shear plates and split rings. Three sizes of the composite plate have been tested in dry softwoods and green hardwood, and the feasibility and advantages of the connector are discussed in the paper.


FLAC3D is used to numerically establish the nailed slope model,and the strength reduction method is adopted to analyze the slope stability,the effect of monotonous variation of nail length on the safety factor and slip surface of slope is studied,and the equation describing the location of slip surface and nail is founded.The analysis results show that:(1)when the nail length is monotonously decreased,if the nail does not pass through the slip surface,differences in the length of the first layer of nails and the variation magnitude do not affect the factor of safety of slope significantly;(2)soil nail reinforcement scope is in a certain range near the slip surface,when soil nail does not pass through the slip surface or the distance from the slip surface is larger than the certain range,the reinforcement effect is not obvious.Soil nail reinforcement can improve the safety factor of slope,but it needs to ensure that the distance from the nail tip to the slip surface is controlled within a certain range;and(3)when the nail length is monotonous increasing,the safety factor of slope is obvious increased;increasing length of nails at the mid-lower part can effectively improve the stability of the slope,nails at the lower part of the slope strongly influence the safety factor of slope.


The invention relates to a controllable load brake valve (1) with buckling valve function for air brakes of rail vehicles, comprising a housing (2) having at least one air inlet and at least one air outlet, wherein a vent valve seat (3) and a vent valve seat (4) for ventilation a brake cylinder (5) in accordance with a pilot pressure (Cv) located on a within the housing (2) plunger (6) are arranged on the plunger (6) at least indirectly by the pilot pressure (Cv) acted upon auxiliary piston set (7) Generation of a kink valve function is integrated. Furthermore, the invention relates to a pneumatic brake equipment (23) with such a variable load brake valve (1).


Acute and chronic aching waists and legs are clinical frequently-occurring diseases mainly showing aches.They have different clinical manifestations,symptoms and respective therapy treatment.Using Chinese angelica to have injection treatment and supporting with psychological interference improved the treatment effect and achieved satisfactory effect.


Cloud computing,as a new service-oriented computing paradigm,is a research hotspot in the field of network.According to service levels of cloud computing,the paper proposes construction model of university computer laboratory based on cloud computing.After that,the paper describes model of infrastructure,cloud management,and cloud clients and analyzes the advantages of university computer laboratory construction based on cloud computing.The model provides reference for the construction of university laboratories.


In the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean, Subpolar Mode Waters (SPMWs) are formed during late winter convection following the cyclonic circulation of the subpolar gyre. SPMWs participate in the upper flow of the Atlantic overturning circulation (AMOC) and provide much of the water that is eventually transformed into several components of the North Atlantic deep water (NADW), the cold, deep part of the AMOC. In a warming climate, an increase in upper ocean stratification is expected to lead to a reduced ventilation and a loss of oxygen. Thus, understanding how mode waters are affected by ventilation changes will help us to better understand the variability in the AMOC. In particular, we would like to address how the volume occupied by SPMWs has varied over the last decades due to ventilation changes, and what are the aspects driving the subpolar mode water formation, their interannual variations as well as the impact of the variability in the mixing and subduction and vertical dynamics on ocean deoxygenation. For this purpose, we use two observation-based 3D products from Copernicus Marine Service (CMEMS), the ARMOR3D and the OMEGA3D datasets. The first consists of 3D temperature and salinity fields, from the surface to 1500 m depth, available weekly over a regular grid at 1/4° horizontal resolution from 1993 to present. The second consists of observation-based quasi-geostrophic vertical and horizontal ocean currents with the same temporal and spatial resolution as ARMOR3D.


In Siamese cats most retinal projections are crossed and almost all neurons in cortical areas 17 and 18 respond exclusively to the contralateral eye. However, neurons in visual areas in the suprasylvian sulci (LSA) can be activated from both eyes, since the input from the ipsilateral eye is relayed to them by the corpus callosum (Marzi et al., '80). This study shows that the superior colliculus (SC) is also the site of binocular interactions in Siamese cats with a predominantly monocular organization of areas 17 and 18. In 8 unanesthetized, brainstem‐sectioned Siamese cats, identified as "Boston" on the basis of the pattern of visual field representation in areas 17 and 18 (Hubel and Wiesel, '71; Shatz, '77a), only 25 out of 140 neurons in these areas could be driven from both eyes, whereas as many as 124 out of 143 SC neurons showed a clear binocular input.


AIMS Thirty-seven patients bile duct injuries during operation and stric- tures were studied to find the best therapeutic method. METHODS All patients were operated on including:reparation of serosal with Roux-Y jejunal loop,biliobiliary anastomosis and hepaticojejunostomy.The follow up study was performed postoperatively. RESULTS Patients recognized during operation and bile duct repaired or reconstructed immediately had 91% good long-term results.The pa- tients of early postoperative recognition had 66.7% good long-term results.The patients of late bile duct stricutures had 82% good long-term results. CONCLUSIONS Immediate reparation or reconstruction of bile duct injury achieve good result.For most patients with late strictures,high hepati- cojejunostomy is the operation of choice.


This work presents the design and investigation of the 7-stage rectifier. A Modified dickson configuration is chosen, consists of two HSMS 2850 Schottky diodes and two through hole ceramic capacitors for each stage. The goal of this paper is to analyze the performance of the designed rectifier at its targeting frequency which are broadcasting, GSM and WiLAN frequency range. Rectifier properties such as number of stage and capacitance effects are analyzed and discussed in this paper. The result shows that the designed rectifier can operate well at the targeted frequencies.


The network brings people not only the enormous profits but also a series of negative effects. In this paper, some negative effects are first discussed including the encroaching culture,carrying on the activities concerning overthrowing regime and weakening law in view of the society; causing imbalance between investment and profit, overreliance on network and difficulty in supervision in view of the organizations; infringing rights, harming health and indulgence in network in view of the individuals. Then the causes such as the limitations of technology, lag of moral principles, difference of laws and gap of society are analyzed. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures are advanced from the aspects of the technology, education, laws and international cooperation.


Abstract The International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) is derived by combining several space geodetic techniques. Basically, a meaningful combination of the geodesic space techniques is impossible without further geometrical information, i. e. local-ties. Local-tie vectors are defined between the geometrical reference points of space geodetic techniques at co-location stations. These local-ties are introduced during the inter-technique combination process, to overcome the weak physical connection between the space geodetic techniques. In particular, the determination of the reference point of radio telescopes or laser telescopes is a challenging task and requires indirect methods. Moreover, the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) strives for an automated and continued reference point determination with sub-millimeter accuracy, because deviations in local-ties bias global results. This investigation presents a modified approach for automated reference point determination. The new approach extends the prior work of Lösler but evades the synchronization between the terrestrial instrument and the telescope. Thus, synchronization errors are omitted and the technical effort is reduced. A proof of concept was carried out at Geodetic Observatory Wettzell in 2018. Using a high-precision, mobile laser-tracker, the reference point of the Satellite Observing System Wettzell (SOS-W) was derived. An extended version of the in-house developed software package HEIMDALL was employed for a mostly automated data collection. To evaluate the estimated reference point, the derived results are compared with the results of two approved models.


This article provides an overview of the recent development of TEX4ht, L A TEX to XML converter, and make4ht , the build system that carries out this conversion.


Indigenous peoples make up perhaps the largest disadvantaged group in Latin America. 1 It is estimated that there are 28-34 million indigenous peoples in the region, or roughly 10 per cent of the total population.2 The failure to implement policies that direct sufficient resources and opportunities to this group who are among the poorest of the poor goes some way towards explaining the slow rate of poverty reduction in the region. Even good policies have not benefited all of the poor equally. Some historically excluded groups such as indigenous peoples have yet to benefit from the many poverty reduction initiatives that have been implemented in the region over the past decade, either because the programmes have failed to reach them, are of poor quality or inadequately address the composite causes of their poverty. This book updates the findings presented by George Psacharopoulos and Harry Patrinos, in their 1994 book, which documented for the first time the severe poverty and low human capital of indigenous peoples. It considers how conditions have changed since the early 1990s in the five Latin American countries with the largest indigenous populations: Bolivia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru. This concluding chapter draws together the findings from the five country studies to examine poverty trends among indigenous peoples, the main determinants of these trends and how human capital indicators have changed over time for both indigenous and non-indigenous groups. It closes by proposing an agenda for human development policy based on the findings in this book.


The cytoskeleton of the single living cells is a prominent example of a complex active viscoelastic material wherein stresses induce flows along the organism as a result of the action of molecular motors. Experiments with different types of cells have revealed a rich variety of mechano-chemical patterns including standing, traveling and rotating waves that arise from instabilities of spatially homogeneous states. We investigate simple models where an active stress induced by molecular motors is coupled to a model describing the passive viscoelastic properties of the cellular material [1]. Our focus is on the analysis of the conditions that cause destabilization of spatially homogeneous states and the related onset of mechano-chemical waves and patterns. We carry out linear stability analyses and numerical simulations in one spatial dimension for different models [2]. In general, sufficiently strong activity leads to waves and patterns. Specifically, two models for viscoelastic fluids (Maxwell and Jeffrey model) and two models for viscoelastic solids (Kelvin-Voigt and Standard model) are investigated, see differences among both responses in Fig. 1. The primary instability is stationary for all active fluids considered, whereas all active solids have an oscillatory primary instability. All instabilities found are of long-wavelength nature reflecting the conservations of some biochemical concentrations in the models studied [2]. A even more realistic approximation is to assume the cytoplasm as a porous media where a viscoelastic solid formed by the actin network is immersed in the viscous cytosol, formed by water and small molecules [3]. We have applied the concept of active poroviscoelastic cytoplasm [1] to the study of the thickness and chemical oscillations in microdroplets of Physarum polycephalum [4]. The oscillations of such micro-droplets is related with the polarization of the cell and produces the self-organization of the resulting cell and the final motion [5]. The self-organization process inside of the cell is also observed in amoebae motion of neutrophils and other cells like Dictyostelium discoideum. We couple the internal polarization processes responsible for the locomotion of such cells and the viscoelastic properties of their cytoplasm for the evaluation of the modifications in the motion properties of the cells. We integrate numerically the resulting equations Fig. 1. Scheme of the characteristic responses of an elastic (a) and a viscous (b) cell to an externally applied stress in the limit of solid (cell recovers initial configuration), and fluid (cell interior flows and remains deformed) cytoplasm, respectively.


A system for monitoring a reciprocating compressor, comprising: means for parameters related to the operation state of the compressor measured; and a processing unit for measuring the value of these parameters is contained in the relevant processing unit database of critical value. The transmission signal processing unit determined by the match between the measured values and the critical values, this signal indicates an abnormal operating state of the compressor.


Iris Murdoch tells us that she does not usually write from live models. However, in her last novel, Jackson's Dilemma, Murdoch's private life does echo here and there. Especially Benet, a central character in Jackson's Dilemma has many similarities to Murdoch herself. When we see Benet's remorse and lonliness, we see Murdoch's remorse and loneliness in her old age. Jackson is described as a person who has the nature of Christ and Hindu gods. How Murdoch comes to terms with Christianity which she used to criticize will be clarified by examining how Benet accepts Jackson and how Mildred makes up her mind to become a priest. We see that Murdoch finds hope and a future in children when we examine her descriptions of Bran who straightens out the situation just as Prospero in The Tempest finds hope for the future in his daughter and her beloved.


Objective To investigate and describes the incidence of tooth loss over a 10-year period in population aged 20-80-year-old rural Chinese in Gucheng Village of Yanqing County, suburb of Beijing. Methods Among the 587 persons who participated in a baseline examination, 440 persons were available for a 10-year follow-up study. Results Thirty-one people, mainly aged 50 + years at baseline became completely edentulous 10 years later. About 45%-96% people at different age groups lost at least one tooth, and the average number of teeth loss ranged between 1.0-7.2. The distribution of the number of teeth loss was skew, indicating that a minor group of subjects had a substantial higher risk of tooth loss than the majority, and the tooth loss in senile group was significantly higher than other groups. Conclusions Tooth loss in adult and elderly people is frequently seen in rural Chinese during the 10-year follow-up period.


In Ralph Lauren 57 Pty Ltd v Conley [2016] QSC 149 the court gave a direction requiring the costs assessor to file his certificate of assessment. The judgment considered a number of rules in Part 3 of Chapter 17A of the Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 1999 (Qld) relating to the assessment of costs other than under the Legal Profession Act 2007 (Qld).

Some observations were made in the judgment about the time when a costs assessment is completed. The question of when a costs assessment is completed will determine whether interest is payable on those costs under s59 of the Civil Proceedings Act 2011 (Qld). The article suggests that current practice in relation to the time from which most practitioners seek interest on unpaid costs may not be consistent with the now substantive law on the issue.


The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for an optical film of the invention is formed by a process comprising applying a water-dispersible pressure-sensitive adhesive containing emulsion particles comprising polymer particles emulsified with a surfactant and then drying the applied water-dispersible pressure-sensitive adhesive, and is in such a state that the polymer particles have a number average particle size (a) of 10 nm to 100 nm and that the ratio (a/b) of the number average particle size (a) to the average distance (b) between adjacent polymer particles is from 80/20 to 99.9/0.1, when the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer being observed with a transmission electron microscope. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer makes it possible to reduce depolarization even when it is used on a high-contrast polarizing plate or any other component having a high degree of polarization.


Background: Inter district variations in health parameters can be conducive for policy making with regards to child health status and healthcare utilization. Aims and Objectives: We carried out this study to understand district-wide variations in child health promotion practices in well performing Dakshina Kannada (DK) and poorly performing Bellary districts of Karnataka state of South India. Materials and Methods: Data was collected by cross sectional door to door community survey carried out among 2203 households of DK district and 2158 households of Bellary district. The Institutional Ethics Committee had approved this study Result: Initiation of breast feeding within 2 hours was seen in 92.2% mothers in DK and 43.2% mothers in Bellary. Higher rates of prelacteal feeds (DK 16% Bellary 68.1 %) and delayed complementary feeding (DK 39.2 % Bellary  64.9%) was observed in Bellary. Home deliveries were negligible in DK but in Bellary almost half of the mothers had delivered at home .Fever was recognized as danger sign in majority, while awareness of all danger signs was seen in 44.4 % in DK and 14.8 % in Bellary. 28 % in Bellary had delayed health seeking. Conclusion: There is inter district variation child health promotional practices and health seeking and need due consideration by health policy makers. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(1) 2015 88-92


The international cooperative observations of the crustal movements related to seismic activi-ties were commenced in the lea region, Peru, at the end of 1965. OnJune 7th in the next year, theearthquake of magnitude around 6 occurred off the coast of lea, accompanying a foreshock and alarge number of aftershocks.At that time the observations had not got to stable conditions, however, anomalous groundtilts had been observed at the three observation stations for a few months before the occurrence ofthe series of earthquakes. The vectors of anomalous ground tilts had the same direction as thestrike of the faults in the region. At the nearest station, Zamaca, characteristic changes of groundstrains, extending in the E-W component and contracting in the N-S component, also began 20 daysbefore the occurrence of main shock and continued to the termination of aftershock activities. Itshould be noticed that the ground tilts preceded the ground strains there.Examining these observed facts, in detail, it may be suggested that accumulated energy inthe crust is first consumed with block movements or deformation of the ground surface and thenconcentrates in the focal region, in the case of a mosaic structure as expected from the faultingsystem in this region.


INFLUENCE OF SWITCHGRASS ECOTYPE, CULTIVAR AND PLANTED STAND DIVERSITY ON HERBIVORES, NATURAL ENEMIES, AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN BIOENERGY CROPPING SYSTEMS


Vitamin B 12 deficiency is one of the most underdiagnosed causes of hyperpigmentation. It is known to cause Addisonian pigmentation. We describe a case where a patient presented with hyperpigmentation on the aesthetically significant areas of the body for which he presented to the clinic. Diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology and serum vitamin B 12 levels. The hyperpigmentation reversed significantly on treatment.


This paper formulates a safe and stabilizing control state feedback law for a control affine nonlinear system. We assume that there exist a known control Lyapunov function (CLF) and a control barrier function (CBF) that are compatible, i.e., there exists a control choice satisfying the conditions given by both the CLF and CBF at each given state. In contrast to the approach in the literature of finding a minimum-norm control using optimization on the feasible control set, we take a different approach by finding and combining different weighted centroids of the feasible control set. As a result, we can propose a control feedback law with guaranteed smoothness everywhere except at the origin, and with guaranteed continuity at the origin if small control property holds.


Mining pools in Proof-of-Work cryptocurrencies allow miners to pool their computational resources as a means of reducing payout variance. In Ethereum, uncle blocks are valid Proof-of-Work solutions which do not become the head of the blockchain, yet yield rewards if later referenced by main chain blocks. Mining pool operators are faced with the non-trivial task of fairly distributing rewards for both block types among pool participants. Inspired by empirical observations, we formally reconstruct a Sybil attack exploiting the uncle block distribution policy in a queue-based mining pool. To ensure fairness of the queue-based payout scheme, we propose a mitigation. We examine the effectiveness of the attack strategy under the current and the proposed policy via a discrete-event simulation. Our findings show that the observed attack can indeed be obviated by altering the current reward scheme.


Effectiveness of an urban bike rental service depends on how well-planned are the layout of stations and the balancing activities which take bikes from full stations to empty stations. Layout and balancing decisions require the analysis and forecast of bike rental demand. To this date we are not aware of any public bike rental datasets which would cover many cities to facilitate largescale analyses of demand. We provide a dataset of bike rental station status logs from 3584 stations in 27 cities of 11 countries, over the period of 7 months. The dataset is accompanied with weather information from the same cities over the same period. We have performed some example analyses to demonstrate that the dataset provides a rich source for many types of analyses, including analyses about the weekly profiles, station dependencies and relationships between weather and demand. We plan to provide updates to this dataset on a regular basis.


In the 1990s, Brazil opened up its retail sector to foreign direct investment. It was expected that the entry and market expansion of retail chains would spur the development of a sector long characterized by small family-run stores. However, the effects on growth have been disappointing. Our results suggest that liberalization failed to deliver high growth because reallocation dynamics did not contribute to growth. For the period 1996-2004, we find little evidence that more-productive new establishments from retail chains replaced less-productive independent stores.


Short, chemically synthesized mixed-sequence oligonucleotides have been used to identify cDNA and gene clones. Recently, pairs of 19 to 23 base unique-sequence oligos differing at a single base have been used to identify disease-causing point mutations in human DNAs. Both techniques rely on the requirement of short oligonucleotides to have a perfect match with the probed gene in order to hybridize. We have used long oligonucleotides containing non-human sequences with unknown mismatches for the same purpose. Using a unique new DNA synthesizer (DNA 3:401, 1984) we produced a 63-base and 3 72-base oligonucleotides corresponding to various regions of the bovine cDNA for P450scc (20, 22 desmolase) the enzyme converting cholesterol to pregnenolone. All four oligos hybridize to Northern blots of human adrenal mRNA in the same pattern. Two of these oligonucleotides hybridize to Southern blots of normal human genomic DNA in identical patterns indicating the human genome contains a single P450scc gene. As the two non-hybridizing oligos hybridize to mRNA but not genomic DNA, they probably span introns. Southern blots of genomic DNA from 3 patients with 20, 22 desmolase deficiency (congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia) hybridize with the oligos in the same pattern as DNA from normals, implying the disease is not due to a detectable gene deletion. Advances in DNA synthesis may permit gene studies in human diseases without requiring the tedious intermediate cloning steps.


Segmentation is one of the most important pre-processing steps towards pattern recognition and image understanding. In this paper novel colour image segmentation is proposed and implemented using fuzzy inference system. This system, which is designed by neuro-adaptive learning technique, apply a sample image as an input and can reveals the likelihood of being a special colour for each pixel through the image. The intensity of each pixel shows this likelihood in the grey level output image. After choosing threshold value, a binary image is obtained, which can be applied as a mask to segment desired colour in input image. To show the efficiency of the proposed method, we use it to segment skin colour, and compare obtained results to some famous algorithms. With 96.8% true positive and 25% false positive, the accuracy of system is proved.


NAL SUBMUCOSA SCAFFOLDS: EFFECT OF ORIENTATION AND NUMBER OF LAYERS Cesar Cadena, Diana M Tabima, Juan C Briceno. Group of Biomedical Engineering, University of los Andes, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia. Small intestinal submucosa (SIS) scaffolds have demonstrated excellent results in soft tissue regeneration. The objective of this study was to determine the tensile mechanical properties of dehydrated SIS scaffolds. Maximal load and deformation and ultimate strength were measured in tensile test(ASTM 882). A factorial experimental design (n 5) was used. The effect of number of layers (single(1), single overlapped(1o), two(2), and four(4) layers) and orientation (longitudinal (L), transversal (T) to the intestinal axis) was investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey test. Maximal load was significantly affected by the number of layers, being significantly higher in group 4L (22.1 9.7N), as compared to 1L (8.4 0.5N), 1oL (13.3 7.0N), and 2L (10.5 3.9N); and in group 4T (13.1 5.9N), as compared to 1T (3.2 1.0N) and 2T (3.1 0.8N). In the four and two layer configurations, maximal load was significantly higher in the L direction, as compared to the T direction. Maximal deformation was not influenced by number of layers nor orientation. Ultimate strength was significantly affected by orientation being significantly higher in the L direction. In conclusion, increase in the allowed maximal load of SIS scaffolds can be obtained by using a 4-layer configuration. Orientation of the native SIS tissue affects both maximal load and ultimate strength of scaffolds. Since mechanical properties of larger scaffolds made by overlapping single-layer scaffolds are similar to those of single layer scaffolds, they can be used in lesions with large area. TISSUE ENGINEERING OF VASCULAR CONDIUTS: FABRICATION OF CUSTOM-MADE SCAFFOLD USING RAPID PROTOTYPING TECHNIQUE Ralf Sodian, Ping Fu, Cora Lueders, Daniel Szymanski, Roland Hetzer. Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Center for Mechatronic Medical Devices Fraunhofer IPK-Charite Campus Virchow, Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, Germany. Objective: The technique of stereolithography, which automatically fabricates models from X-ray computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data linked to computer-aided design programs, has been applied to the fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering. We previously reported the application of stereolithography in scaffold fabrication of a trileaflet heart valve. In our current experiment we demonstrate a new technique to fabricate custom-made conduits for the potential replacement of an aortic isthmus stenosis. Methods and Results: In this experiment the image data derived from a 12-year-old male patient with coarctation of the aorta scanned by MRI were processed by a computer-aided design program to reconstruct the aortic arch with isthmus stenosis three dimensionally (3-D). By defining the stenotic section and the adjacent normal vessel a custom-made nonstenotic descending aorta was reconstructed to replace the stenosed part. The rapid prototyping technique was used to establish stereolithographic models for fabricating biocompatible and biodegradable vascular scaffolds with the anatomic structure of the recalculated human descending aorta through a thermal processing technique. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the recreation and reproduction of complex vascular structures by computer-aided design techniques may be useful to fabricate custom-made polymeric scaffolds for the tissue engineering of living vascular prostheses.


This paper is focused on a microwave wireless energy harvesting system using a rectenna (rectifying antenna), which consists of a wideband antenna array, a microwave low-pass filter and a voltage doubling rectifying circuit. The wideband antenna array is formed by two double-sided planar cross dipoles. The rectenna operates in the frequency range 1.6–2.5 GHz. Both simulation and experiment studies have been carried out for the rectenna with the input power density levels ranging from 1 to 100 µW/cm2, which are typical in urban environments. The simulated and measured results of the rectenna are compared and showed good agreement. The results demonstrate that the maximum conversion efficiency of the rectenna is above 32% in the frequency range 1.9–2.3 GHz, and the overall conversion efficiency is greater than 20% when the power density is more than 5 µW/cm2. This new wideband rectenna has great potential for harvesting wireless energy in the GSM/3G/4G and ISM 2.4-GHz bands.


2020. Objectives were to determine (1) the prevalence of COVID-19 by PCR and IgG antibody testing, (2) the clinical characteristics of COVID-19, (3) delay in routine outpatient care, and (4) the effect on anxiety and depression in pwCF. Results: There were 26 COVID-19 cases diagnosed by PCR or antibody testing among the study cohort of 810 pwCF. The prevalence of COVID-19 by PCR (1.6%) and IgG antibody (12.2%) testing was low. 58% of cases were asymptomatic and 82% were managed at home. 8% were hospitalized and 1 person died. 89% of pwCF experienced delay in care. The prevalence of anxiety increased from 43% baseline to 58% during the pandemic ( P < 0.01). In post-hoc analysis, the proportion of patients with diabetes (38% versus 16%, P < 0.01) and pancreatic insufficiency (96% versus 66%, P < 0.01) were higher while CFTR modulator use was lower (46% versus 65%, P = 0.05) in pwCF who tested positive for COVID-19. Conclusions: The prevalence of COVID-19 among pwCF in NY during the pandemic first wave was low and most cases were managed at home. CFTR modulators may be protective. PwCF experienced delay in routine care and increased anxiety. © 2022 European Cystic Fibrosis Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Results of the joint experiment between ILE Japan and NLHPLP/IAPCM China are reported. New optics for improved line focusing, a cylindrical lens array and a deformable mirror, were used in irradiation of x-ray laser targets. Double-pass amplification at 7.9 nm has been demonstrated. Strong lasing at 7.9 nm with approximately 100 (mu) J output energy has been obtained in Ni-like Nd ions by quasi-traveling wave pumping of double targets.


The source of this article is the panel that was held in conjunction with The Open Group Conference in San Francisco during the week of January 30, 2012. The Open Group is a vendor- and technology-neutral industry consortium with more than 400 member organizations, including Capgemini, Fujitsu, Oracle, Hitachi, HP, IBM, NEC, SAP, U.S. Department of Defense, NASA, etc. Formed in 1996, it provides services in strategy, management, innovation and research, standards, certification, and test development. The Open Group is best known as the certifying body for the UNIX trademark and its publication of the Single UNIX Specification technical standard. The Open Group also develops and manages the The Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) standard, which is an industry standard enterprise architecture framework. Panel members include Dana Gardner (Principal Analyst, Interarbor Solutions); Len Fehskens (Vice President of Skills and Capabilities, The Open Group); Madhav Naidu (Lead Enterprise Architect, Ciena Corp.); William B. Rouse (Professor, School of Industrial and Systems Engineering and College of Computing at Georgia Institute of Technology, and Principal, Rouse Associates, LLC); and Jeanne Ross (Director and Principal Research Scientist, MIT Center for Information Systems Research). For definitions of both enterprise architecting (EA) and enterprise transformation (ET), see Glazner (2011).


This column briefly reviews two of the panel discussions held during the SouthEastern Simulation Conference at Pensacola, FL, on October 16-17,1989. These panel discussions will be reported in greater detail in newsletters from the Technical Activity for KBS Applications to Simulators. A panel on &dquo;Knowledge Based Systems Applications to Training Simulators&dquo; was reviewed in last month's column.


Abstract : The paper describes a method of determining the microstructure of clouds and fogs by measuring the light scattered at small angles and the design and accuracy of a suitable laboratory apparatus. (Author)


In this paper,by using the analysis of standard int erpolation polynomial,we give the theory of truncating erro r on nonstandard interpolation polynomial.


Industrial design is a valuable tool that companies can implement in their favour, unfortunately there are few who are aware that for the emergence of them, innovation should be developed through design for both products and services, by disseminating the Technologies, shortening the life cycle of products and business strategies that refer to the need to meet demands, that is, to identify opportunities based on strategic models that reinforce the competitiveness of companies, not forgetting the importance of innovation Of products, systems or services that handle environmentally friendly strategies, taking into account the implementation of the circular economy, which favors companies in their finances. Then the continuous adaptation and modification of your products through all means mentioned above will help to maintain your position or gain advantages over your competitors.


This paper solved evaluated problem to model for Ad-hoc network by uncertainty theory.The paper carried on analysis,evaluation and test to creditability level of Ad-hoc network by uncertainty theory,proposed uncertain comprehensive evaluated method,established credibility evaluation model for Ad-hoc network.At first,weight of each evaluated index was characterized as uncertain variable in this model,strengthened rationality of weight of every index.Then carried on evaluation to every index by single index evaluation model.At last,the creditability level for the whole Ad-hoc network was determined by uncertain comprehensive evaluated method.The comprehensive evaluated result was obtained by calculating an example,the analysis to result indicates that this model is effective and feasible,and has scientificalness and rationality.


Most public accounting firms have well-defined review procedures which require the work carried out by each auditor to be reviewed by staff with higher levels of experience (expertise). The importance of this review process is frequently emphasized in the auditing literature. Indeed, Statements on Auditing Standards (AICPA [1981, sec. 230.02]) state that the "exercise of due care requires critical review at every level of supervision of the work done and the judgment exercised by those assisting in the examination." Despite the stated importance of this review process in auditing, there is little empirical evidence on its effectiveness. Previous research on auditors' judgments has primarily considered individual judgments (for example, see reviews by Libby [1981] and Ashton [1982]) although suggestions have been made to consider decisions by both interacting groups and those resulting from the review process (for example, see Joyce [1976]). A number of recent studies (Schultz and Reckers [1981], Solomon [1982], and Trotman, Yetton, and Zimmer [1983]) extended this earlier work by examining the judgments of interacting groups of auditors. However, these studies did not capture the hierarchical and sequential nature of the review process. Although in practice, the review process may take a number of forms, we adopted the procedure of having managers review seniors' work in


Silver nanoparticles have attracted much interest from scientists to develop nanosilver-based disinfectant products due to their unique properties of high antimicrobial activity. This study focused on biosynthesis, characterization, antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of silver nanoparticles against vegetative and starved Shigella strains. The silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica and characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of silver nanoparticles were tested against the growth of vegetative and starved Shigella strains. After the addition of silver nitrate solution to the supernatant of Y. lipolytica, we noticed the appearance of a brown-black coloration that suggested the formation of silver nanoparticles. The presence of silver nanoparticles was manifested by a maximum absorption in the ultraviolet–visible range, precisely at the wavelength 420[Formula: see text]nm. The crystalline nature and the stability of silver nanoparticles were confirmed, respectively, by XRD and FTIR analysis. The antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles showed significant toxicity on Shigella strains indicating that the starved cells were more sensitive to treatment with silver nanoparticles than vegetative cells. Surprisingly, the biofilm formation had not been inhibited by silver nanoparticles for both vegetative and starved cells. In conclusion, a new class of nanosilver containing disinfectant nanoproducts will be promising for advanced environmental treatments including air disinfection, water disinfection, surface disinfection and personal hygiene that will help to prevent the further outbreak of diseases.


In 1995, the New South Wales Government announced an embargo on further farm dam construction in the Hawkesbury-Nepean Basin until there was more known about their impacts. The hydrologic impacts of farm dams were estimated using streamflow trend analyses and simple water balances on farm dams in areas of the basin where sufficient data were available. However, for catchment management purposes, the Department of Land and Water Conservation (DLWC) requires these hydrologic effects to be estimated across the whole of the Hawkesbury-Nepean Basin, including ungauged catchments. The interdependencies of the effects of farm dams on key flow indicators and readily available catchment characteristics were investigated. Prediction equations were developed and applied to estimate these effects in areas of the basin where they were previously unknown. The resulting output was an estimate of the reduction in key flow characteristics due to farm dams in 430 individual catchments across the Hawkesbury-Nepean Basin. This provides a useful tool for the DLWC in assessing farm dam development applications and promoting equitable and ecologically sustainable water use. The success of these investigations demonstrates that there are linkages between the hydrologic effects of farm dams and catchment characteristics and that the approach could be easily applied to other areas where farm dam impacts are not known.


The waste catalyst was solidification treated by 4 stabilizing agent of sodium dihydrogen phosphate anhydrous(NaH2PO4), Artificial zeolite, Nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA), and Potassium ethyl xanthate, the effect of stabilizing agent dosage on heavy metal leaching of Nickel of waste catalyst and its text blocks were investigated. The results showed that when 2% scales medicament was used, the ratio of stabilization by NaH2PO4, Artificial zeolite, NTA, and Potassium ethyl xanthate was 85.7%, 94.6%, 75.0% and 99.7%, respectively. The compression strength of cement test block could be improved in a certain degree after being stabilized by artificial zeolite. The compression strength of cement test block could be improved in a certain degree after being stabilized by artificial zeolite, which presented perfect performance on heavy metal fix effect.


B2(J)=PR(J) KOUNT=KOUNT+1 C C Now array B2 contains the KOUNT-th decomposition. Call C subroutine JOB to process it. This call may be replaced with C equivalent statements to process or store the decomposition. C CALL JOB(J, ISIZE, B2, KOUNT) IF (IFLAG.EQ.0) THEN DO 40 IFLAG=K-1, 1, -1 IF (B2(IFLAG).NE.B1(IFLAG)) GOTO 50 40 CONTINUE GOTO 60 ENDIF 50 B2(IFLAG)=B2(IFLAG)-1 K=IFLAG+1 PR(K)=PR(K)+1 GOTO 20 60 CONTINUE RETURN END


Novel is an invented story in prose. Novel usually describes fictional characters and events. Character is a person that is contained in a literary work. The Hunger Games is a 2008 science fiction novel by the American writer Suzanne Collins. The Hunger Games are an annual event in which one boy and one girl from each of the twelve districts are selected by lottery to compete in a televise battle to the death. The aims is to find out the characteristics of Katniss Everdeen as the main character. This research used David Wilkinson qualitative method allows researchers to establish significant relationship between words or phrase. The data used in this research in the form of words and sentences that supported by the quotations. The result of this research is the main character has more than one characteristic such as ambitious, brave, anxious, strong, and loving person.


AB S TRACTpurpose: To further investigate the effects of respiratory motionson CBCT imaging, as well as 4D-CT examinations, with a future goalof using obtained results to implement new methods for ...


ABSTRACT The uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus increased with increase in the level of nitrogen and phosphorus in daisy (Aster amellus L.) upto 200 kg ha and 125 kg ha, respectively. The highest nitrogen and phosphorus uptake were recorded by N 3 and P 3 levels individually and in combination. However, the flower yield in terms of number of flower spikes per plant was the highest with N 2 and P 2 levels.


For many years, telecommunication specialists are working on ways to improve service capacity of cellular networks. Since the radio frequency spectrum allocated for cellular network is limited, it is important to manage this scarce resource carefully in order to meet the ever-growing demand. This paper reviews channel assignment schemes for mobile cellular network. The paper provides a survey of a large number of channel assignment strategies that have been proposed by many researchers over the years. These channel assignment strategies are categorised into four groups. The characteristics and methods for evaluating these channel assignment schemes are also presented.


Transverse vaginal septum (TVS) is a congenital mullerian malformation resulting from failure of fusion or canalization of the urogenital sinus and the mullerian ducts. This results in amenorrhea, inability to consummate marriage and primary infertility if left untreated.  It is a rare finding in pregnancy and labor. However, due to ignorance, poor health seeking behavior and poverty in our setting the diagnosis of transverse vaginal septum may only be encountered in labor. We describe an 18 year old primigravida at term presented with history and findings of obstructed labor due to transverse vaginal septum (low-type) with a small central aperture first diagnosed in labor. This report is aimed at alerting clinicians that all primigravidae should have a routine pelvic examination during their antenatal visit to rule-out lower genital abnormalities.


The article approaches library rights and duties in cooperative library development and information resource sharing and tries to analyze the possibility and feasibility of their legal fulfillment.


Variation in delay is an significant factor that impress the performance of communication system. It also degrades the performance of services concern with IP . It is well known that data spanning packet network may experience variation in delay results in a phenomena also called as jitter. In this paper, we show that the response for delay variation for different values of distribution parameter(alpha ,beta ,gamma,delta). Moreover, this paper shows the variation and effect of increasing the number on of hops on CCDF , histogram for jitter & relative frequency .


In recent years, internal and external dilemmas become increasingly obvious to Turkey which is a regional power in the Middle East. The attempted coup in July 2016 changed domestic political environment, strongman position of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has been enhanced. Diplomatically, relationships between Turkey and outsider powers encounter crisis, the diplomatic dilemma in its neighboring area has not fundamentally changed. Meanwhile, the stalling of economy has lasted, the rise of Turkey was seriously impacted and the glorious of the Turkish model has also faded, demonstrated by its external and internal challenges as well as the uncertain development direction. Most of scholars believe that the crisis of Turkish model generated from the dramatic changes and multiple dilemmas faced by Turkey politically and diplomatically. For example, one scholar argued that, Erdoğan transforms Islamic democracy into authoritarianism and populism through "election hegemony" and "political hegemony". Turkey's images of democracy and prosperity are replaced by politically authoritarian, economic cronyism and corruption, and diplomatic deadlock (Taşpinar, 2014). Another scholar argued that, viewing from the domestic political turmoil and frequent terrorism attacks, Turkey is more and more like a Middle East country, which indicates the crisis of Turkish model (LIU, 2017). The crisis also shows that the content, path, and the effects of the model call for re-examination. The political tension and security


This paper examines the sustainable development of Beijing from 2000 to 2010 with the ecological footprint method.It reveals that the ecological footprint of Beijing keeps rising during the last decade.In the same period the ecological capacity of Beijing remained stable while per capital ecological capacity kept falling down.By comparing the ecological footprint with ecological capacity,conclusion is drawn that the ecological deficit of Beijing became bigger,so the sustainable development of Beijing are facing serious challenge.Domestic comparison showed that the ecological footprint of Beijing was better than that of Shanghai and Guangzhou,and its efficiency of resources usage was better than them too.International comparison showed that the ecological footprint of Beijing was at a relatively high level,moreover,its ecological deficit and the efficiency of resources usage were in a very serious situation.Suggestions concerned with problems such as efficiency improving of resources usage are put forward.


In this paper, we introduce Merck's general approach for the development of organic semiconductor formulations. We focus on solution processable materials with the idea of developing industry-compatible processes to enable mass market penetration. We give examples of Merck's formulations achieving reproducible mobilities in the region of 2 cm2/Vs in BG OTFT. We review the importance of process development for a specific application, giving examples of supporting materials and formulations needed to facilitate usage, which covers dielectric development.


Chronic heart failure is a clinical syndrome that can result from many cardiac diseases, the most common being cardiomyopathies and coronary artery disease. According to recent epidemiological data, heart failure is the only cardiologic entity whose prevalence is actually increasing and is present in 2–5 % of general population and in 10 % of people older than 65 years. The scope of this paper includes algorithms of initial heart failure diagnostic work-up , medical management and contemporary non-medical treatment options. Program za napredovalo srcno popuscanje in transplantacije srca, KO za kardiologijo, Univerzitetni klinicni center Ljubljana


ABSTRACT Conventional wisdom suggests that most purchases made from infomercials - 30-minute direct-response television advertisements - are made on impulse. However, this study of 878 infomercial purchasers of six products from a major international infomercial marketer indicates that the majority of purchase decisions involved some degree of planning rather than simply being made on the spur of the moment. Factors influencing whether a purchase was an impulse or planned decision included: comments by experts, demonstrations, the levels of previous product interest, pre-purchase thinking about the product, and prior exposure to the advertisement, as well as the number of infomercials viewed by consumers. Having children aged between 10 and 14 years old also had an influence.


Road detection is one of the basic tasks for automatic guidance.A new approach to detect the unstructured road is proposed.It is based on the fundamental hypothesis that the contour of a road is made up of many connected line sections with some length.Here,line sections can be got by Hough Transform,which accumulates edge points in the image and determine the position of the road contour.But image edges include not only the road contour but also many other kinds of edges,such as edges of shadow,plant and so on.If these kinds of edges being considered,the al- gorithm's efficiency and accuracy will be impaired greatly.Some rules are used to eliminate the edges of non-road con- tour before accumulating.Besides when the road has been found in one frame,we can infer ROI(the region of interest) road to decrease the searching scope and fast locate the road edge in the latter frame,which can furthermore improve the algorithm's efficiency.Lots of experiments result shows that it is fast and robust for roads detection at a park of the campus.


Background Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified dozens of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with type 2 diabetes risk. We have previously confirmed the associations of genetic variants in HHEX, CDKAL1, VEGFA and FTO with type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese. However, the cumulative effect and predictive value of these GWAS identified SNPs on the risk of type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese are largely unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings We conducted a two-stage case-control study consisting of 2,925 cases and 3,281controls to examine the association of 30 SNPs identified by GWAS with type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese. Significant associations were found for proxy SNPs at KCNQ1 [odds ratio (OR) = 1.41, P = 9.91 × 10–16 for rs2237897], CDKN2A/CDKN2B (OR = 1.30, P = 1.34 × 10–10 for rs10811661), CENTD2 (OR = 1.28, P = 9.88 × 10-4 for rs1552224) and SLC30A8 (OR = 1.19, P = 1.43 × 10-5 for rs13266634). We further evaluated the cumulative effect on type 2 diabetes of these 4 SNPs, in combination with 5 SNPs at HHEX, CDKAL1, VEGFA and FTO reported previously. Individuals carrying 12 or more risk alleles had a nearly 4-fold increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes compared with those carrying less than 6 risk alleles [adjusted OR = 3.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.76–4.91]. Adding the genetic factors to clinical factors slightly improved the prediction of type 2 diabetes, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve increasing from 0.76 to 0.78. However, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Conclusions/Significance We confirmed associations of SNPs in KCNQ1, CDKN2A/CDKN2B, CENTD2 and SLC30A8 with type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese. The utilization of genetic information may improve the accuracy of risk prediction in combination with clinical characteristics for type 2 diabetes.


Incidence of second primary malignancies is on the rise, especially in head and neck region because of increased longevity of the patients and availability of better diagnostic tools. We illustrate two such cases along with their treatment modalities. One of the patients developed malignant fibrous histiocytoma of maxilla as second malignancy which in itself is a very rare malignancy with only six cases reported in the literature so far.


Higher-order cumulant spectral based tests of Gaussianity, independence, linearity, and stationarity are used to analyze the higher-order statistical properties of pseudo-random number generators. The tests are applied to three uniform and four Gaussian pseudo-random number generators.


THE GRANTING OF AMNESTY and the process of reconciliation and reintegration (collectively referred to as "AR2" in this series of articles) are typically post-conflict processes. However, potential belligerents may resort to using aspects of AR2 before armed conflict to avert more widespread bloodshed. Scholars often cite South Africa as a rare example of a nonviolent transition to conciliation between sharply divided elements within a country.1 Since its transition to majority rule, South Africa has held three elections, including the peaceful transfer of power between Presidents Nelson Mandela and Thabo Mbeki. South Africa thus stands as an example of the efficacy of employing the principles of AR2. During the transition from apartheid to majority rule in the 1990s, South Africa avoided civil war due to a combination of political compromises between the National Party and the African National Congress, the acquiescence of the military, and the need to relieve the war-related pressure on the South African economy. Economic pressures forced the ruling National Party to the negotiating table with its chief rivals in the African National Congress (ANC). The two parties negotiated a compromise through which South Africa became a majority-ruled state and individuals accused of committing politically motivated crimes prior to the transition were granted a full pardon. This compromise could not have been executed without the acquiescence of South Africa's security forces. Unlike in other cases of AR2, the South African military did not serve the "forcing function" of an armed reconciler but instead merely allowed the process to occur. South Africa is thus a distinctly instructive case because South Africans used the process of AR2 to prevent a war rather than mitigate the effects of one after the fact. Amnesty in South Africa fell under a well-established legal process in which individuals were absolved of criminal or civil prosecution in return for a complete accounting of politically motivated crimes. The agency charged with adjudicating claims of amnesty, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), was designed to be the catalyst for South African reconciliation. The TRC completed its deliberations and delivered its final report in 2003. The legal process of granting amnesty is now complete in South Africa. While certainly not all South Africans have reconciled with their former opponents, a majority feels some measure of reconciliation a decade after the transition to majority rule. South African reintegration, the process by which all elements of the South African population achieved representation, has occurred in the government and military but has yet to fully occur in the economic realm. Background to the Conflict Although not the sole cleavage in South African society, the state-sanctioned system of racial discrimination known as apartheid was the most divisive aspect of South Africa's polity. Laws that divided South Africa into separate spheres for blacks and whites date back as early as 1911. In 1912, educated black South Africans founded the South African Native National Congress, an organization dedicated to the peaceful opposition to segregationist laws. In 1923, its members renamed the organization the ANC. The ANC continued peaceful opposition to white minority rule until the early 1960s. In March 1960, South African security forces in the town of Sharpeville opened fire on an anti-apartheid demonstration and killed 69 protesters.2 The following month the South African government banned the ANC and a similar organization, the Pan-African Congress, and declared a state of emergency. In 1961, in reaction to both the Sharpeville mas- sacre and the South Afri- can government's departure from the British Common- wealth, the ANC formed its armed wing, the Umkhonto we Sizwe ("Spear of the Nation").3 Black African resistance was relatively ineffective against South African security forces. …


Module for interconnecting a semiconductor array to external leads or components incorporates a metal external heat sink for cooling the array. Heat sink, extending down from the molded block that supports the array, is immersed in a liquid nitrogen bath which is designed to maintain the desired array temperature.


The article discusses the relationship between organizational culture and psychological capital through a systematic literature review. The exploratory research methodology is adopted to identify and study the existing gap in the available literature on the relationship between organizational culture and psychological capital from year 2000 to 2021. The articles from the 'Scopus' and 'Web of Science' databases were selected for the review. The literature review mentions a positive interplaying role between organizational culture and PsyCap that influences several factors including work happiness, job performance, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, burnout, innovation, etc. The article explores several antecedents and consequences of the two-way relationship between organizational culture and PsyCap.


A yam layer yellow cake as well as a production method thereof is characterized in that raw material amounts by weight are as follows: yam 150-200, arillus longan 40-60, chinese date 40-60, haw juice 40-60, edible amylum 200-220, egg 200-220, vegetable shortening 5-10, edible oil 5-10, baking powder 5-8, potassium sorbate 0.8-1, water retention agent 0.4-0.6, thickener 0.8-1.2, and white sugar 200-220. With the advantages of special formula, scientific and fastidious materials used, and simple and practical production method, the cake produced is rich in nutrition and has health function, thereby representing the ideal yam layer yellow cake as well as the ideal production method thereof.


The invention relates to an azeotropic or quasi-azeotropic composition comprising hydrogen fluoride, Z-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-chloropropene and one or more (hydro)halocarbon compounds including 1 to 3 carbon atoms. The (hydro)halocarbon compounds are preferably selected among tetrachlorofluoropropanes, trichlorodifluoropropanes, dichlorotrifluoropropanes, chlorotetrafluoropropanes, pentafluoropropanes, dichlorodifluoropropenes, chlorotrifluoropropenes and tetrafluoropropenes.


In this paper, a 12 bit 500MS/s IF Sampling ADC is described. The ADC has an integrated input buffer with a new linearization technique that improves its distortion. Eight pipeline stages with fully differential switched capacitor architecture follow the input buffer. Each of stage of the pipeline, excluding the last, consists of a low resolution flash ADC connected to a switched capacitor DAC and interstage residue amplifier(MDAC). A 0.18μm BiCMOS process with 1.8V analog power supply is used in the design. This ADC achieves an SNR of 65dB and an SFDR of 82dB for sampling analog input frequencies up to 250MHz


Objective
To investigate the status of nurses′ psychological capital and analyze its influencing factors, to provide theoretical basis for improving nurses′ psychological capital for clinical nursing managers.

Methods
A total of 1 095 nurses in a Beijing tertiary hospital were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire about general information and psychological capital questionnaire (PCQ) of Chinese version. Variance analysis and multiple linear regression were used to explore the influencing factors of nurses′ psychological capital.

Results
The mean score of psychological capital was (4.15±0.68), and the scores of dimensions from high to low were: self-efficacy (4.26±0.92), hope (4.21±0.89), toughness (4.20±0.70) and optimism (3.93±0.61). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the score of psychological capital in nurses with different titles, authorized strength, working time, departments and ages were significantly different (F=8.688, 7.028, 2.709, 3.986, 3.852; P<0.01).

Conclusions
Theoverall nurses′ psychological capital is in the middle-high level. Nursing managers should pay more attention to the special groups, and take measures to improve their psychological capital.

Key words:
Clinical nurses; Psychological capital; Influencing factors


Despite intensive explorations, lead-free, low toxicity, efficient, and stable blue fluorescent materials are still highly desirable. Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskite (DP) is considered as a promising candidate for solid-state lighting due to its low toxicity and good stability. In this work, Mg-doped Cs2NaInCl6 DPs are prepared by a solvothermal method. The Mg2+-doped Cs2NaInCl6 DPs exhibit blue photoluminescence (PL) at about 445 nm with a full-width at half maximum of 58.0 nm, which is independent of the excitation wavelength. The large Stokes shift (129.5 nm), long PL lifetime (10.44 μs), and huge Huang–Rhys factor (40.2) suggest that the blue PL originates from self-trapped excitons. After optimizing the reaction conditions and doping concentration, a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 86.98% is obtained. Moreover, the Mg-doped Cs2NaInCl6 DPs exhibit good resistance to irradiation and moisture, which are expected to remedy the shortage of current blue emitting materials.


There was different trends of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) incidence in Sleman district of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Sleman sub-district has stable trend while Godean has increase trend betwen 2008 to 2013. Several factors that may affect the incidence are agent, environment and socio-economic condition. This study aims to know the correlation between knowledge, behavior and socio-economic status in the community towards the incidence of DHF in both of stable and increase trend of endemic area. This study is observational analytic with case-control design by distributing questionnaire. Chi-square test used to analyze the data. The respondent of case group is family whose have suffered from dengue in 2013 and the control group is family who never suffered from DHF. There were 68 respondents involved in the same distribution of case and control group by using random sampling. Participants of case group are families whose members have suffered from DHF while the control group is the families whose members hav...


Jazz musician Paul Grabowsky is an active member of the Australian jazz scene as well as the broader Arts world. Grabowsky muses on his philosophy of success, whether it is in the jazz genre, writing a film score or organizing and participating in an Arts festival.


AbstractIn the present study a simplified multiscale atmosphere–ocean coupled model for the tropical interactions among synoptic, intraseasonal, and interannual scales is developed. Two nonlinear equatorial β-plane shallow-water equations are considered: one for the ocean and the other for the atmosphere. The nonlinear terms are the intrinsic advective nonlinearity and the air–sea coupling fluxes. To mimic the main differences between the fast atmosphere and the slow ocean, suitable anisotropic multispace/multitime scalings are applied, yielding a balanced synoptic–intraseasonal–interannual–El Nino (SInEN) regime. In this distinguished balanced regime, the synoptic scale is the fastest atmospheric time scale, the intraseasonal scale is the intermediate air–sea coupling time scale (common to both fluid flows), and El Nino refers to the slowest interannual ocean time scale. The asymptotic SInEN equations reveal that the slow wave amplitude evolution depends on both types of nonlinearities. Analytic solution...


Idiom is an interesting phenomenon in languages. Even idiom is little bit hard to learn but nowadays idiom creates a significant portion of our everyday communication. By song idiom will be easily to be learned.
The aim of this study is to disclose idiomatic expressions in the Adele's "25" album, the meaning and the possibility to be used in English teaching and learning using song as a media.
The research studies of this thesis were (1) what types of idiom are found in Adele's song lyrics in album "25"? (2) What meaning of idioms are found in Adele's song lyrics in the album "25"? (3) What is the possibility of the use of Adele's songs as an English teaching material? This study is descriptive qualitative research which used content analysis method which described the idiomatic expressions used in Adele song lyrics in album "25" and library research as research approach. Data on this research used documentation such as book, journal, and other documents as the data collection technique.
The result of the analysis shows that 1) The idioms found in the whole songs in the album "25" are 56 idioms. It contains 35 Phrasal verbs, 17 tournure idiom and 4 Irreversible binomial idiom. 2) The idiomatic expressions found in the Adele's album mostly are representing misery, pain and sorrow. Some others are representing love, and wishes, 3) the possibility uses song lyrics in Adele's album "25" as a medium in English language teaching.


Experiments with splitless injection of large volumes of aqueous samples by the overflow technique have shown that an organic co-solvent is necessary to help the packing material (Tenax) retain the liquid. With 25–30% propanol or 15–20% 2-butoxyethanol, some 800 μl can be injected into a 5 mm i.d. liner. The application of the method is restricted to components eluting above ca 200 °C.


Abstract : A theoretical and computational analysis is presented of the motion of a single one-dimensional electron, represented by a wave packet of given average momentum and position, in a fixed potential profile in presence of electron phonon interaction. The electron propagation can take place with or without an external bias. A perturbative approach is used in the theoretical framework of the Wigner function accounting for the continuous quantum dynamical evolution of the scattering process. The unperturbed hamiltonian contains the one-dimensional potential profile and the external field, while the electron phonon coupling potential is considered as the perturbation hamiltonian. Computational results are presented for the case of an electron propagating (1) without applied forces, (2) through a region where a uniform electric field is applied, and (3) in a double barrier potential in resonance conditions due to the relevance of these physical cases for practical applications.


The structural transformations, electronic structure, elastic constants, and absorption properties of crystalline furoxan under hydrostatic compression of 0–160 GPa have been studied using density functional theory. The results show that furoxan (S1) undergoes a hydrogen transfer to form a new structure (named S2) with a planar conformation approximately at 114–115 GPa. Then, it goes through another hydrogen transfer to form a second new structure (named S3) with chair conformation at 124 GPa. Finally, it undergoes polymerization to form another new structure (named S4) with a trans-conformation at 136 GPa. An analysis of its band gaps and density of states under compression indicates that it changes from an insulator to a semiconductor in the pressure range 0–113 GPa. S2 and S4 have metallic properties, while S3 is an insulator. The calculated elastic constants show that the three new structures are mechanically stable. Its absorption spectra show that S2 has higher optical activity than S1. S3 has higher optical activity than S2 in the far ultraviolet region, while S4 has weaker optical activity than S3 in this region. S4 and S2 have comparative optical activity.