ABSTRACT 4D printing is a novel approach that enables dynamic functionality in ordinary static object. We used a methacrylated semicrystalline polymer to print objects exhibiting thermally triggered shape memory behaviour. By exploring various molecular weights, it was found that a methacrylated polycaprolactone polymer with a number average molecular weight of 10,000 g mol−1 exhibited the best thermal and mechanical behaviour. The effect of dyes' addition to the ink formulation on the photopolymerisation and on the printing processes was evaluated. The ink was utilised for demonstrating fabrication of dynamic jewellery and a shoe accessory by Digital Light Processing printing.


A shrink fitter is a ring-shaped new machine element to join mechanical components with different coefficients of thermal expansion. As an application of the shrink fitter several optical lenses were shrink-fitted in a lens-barrel using the shrink fitter. The optical axes of the several lenses in the lens-barrel agreed with each other regardless of changes in room temperature. The scanning lens assembled by the shrink fitter could focus the laser light well even over a wide scanning width. If such a scanning lens was incorporated into a laser microscope, object surfaces could be observed over a wider area, compared with the conventional microscope. In this study we have developed a new type of laser microscope with a field of view of 10 by 8 mm. The pixel number in the laser scanning direction of 10 mm was 20,000 and 16,000 in the perpendicular direction of 8 mm. Thus, one field of view of this laser microscope has 320,000,000 pixels. The observation result of some surfaces by this laser microscope are reported.


This paper presents an Austrian interpretation of the economic effects of advertising. In contrast to the doctrine of pure and perfect competition, the Austrian economists view the market as an everchanging process of competitive rivalry among entrepreneurs. Consequently, advertising is an essential tool of entrepreneurial competition.


Objective To observe the clinical effect of amlodipine combined with magnesium sulfate in treatment of gestational hypertension. Methods Patients(100 cases) with gestational hypertension in the Second Hospital of Longyan from April 2012 to June 2015 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 50 cases. The patients in the control group were iv administered with Magnesium Sulfate Injection, 20 m L Magnesium Sulfate Injection added into 5% glucose solution 100 m L, which finished within 0.5 h. And then they were iv administered with Magnesium Sulfate Injection 60 m L added into 5% glucose solution 1000 m L in 9 h. The patients in treatment group were po administered with Amlodipine Besylate Tablets, 10 mg/time, once daily. When blood pressure descended to the target, patients in two groups were accepted continuous treatment until the end of the pregnancy. After treatment, the efficacy and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated, and the changes of blood pressure in two groups were compared before and after treatment. Results After treatment, the efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 68.0% and 90.0%, respectively, and there were differences between two groups(P 0.05). After treatment, systolic and diastolic blood pressures in two groups were significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group(P 0.05). These observational indexes in the treatment group were better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups(P 0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, premature labor, placental abruption, neonatal respiratory distress, and neonatal death were lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups(P 0.05). Conclusion Amlodipine combined with magnesium sulfate has clinical curative effect in treatment of gestational hypertension, and can significantly reduce the blood pressure, also can improve the pregnancy outcome, which has a certain clinical application value.


Camera phones are the first realistic platform for the development of pervasive computing applications: they are personal, ubiquitous, and the builtin camera can be used as a context-sensing equipment. Unfortunately, currently available systems for pervasive computing, emerged from both academic and industrial research, can be adopted only on a small fraction of the devices already deployed or in production in the next future. In this paper we present an extensible programming infrastructure that turns mass-market phones into a platform for pervasive computing. 1 Mobile phone: a platform for pervasive computing Pervasive computing tries to make M. Weiser's vision [1] a reality by saturating the environment with computing and communication devices: the most of the infrastructure is often invisible and supports user's activities with an interaction model that is strongly human-centric. Today, almost fifteen years later, despite significant progresses in both hardware and software technologies, this vision is still not completely realizable or economically convenient. Supporting the interaction between users and the environment can be greatly simplified if we relax the interaction model and include a personal device as the access medium. Mobile phones are the most obvious candidates: they are in constant reach of their users, have wireless connectivity capabilities, and are provided with increasing computing power [2]. Even better results can be achieved with those phones that are equipped with a camera. Instead of manually getting information or editing configurations, users can point physical objects to express their will of using them: taking a picture of the objects would suffice to setup the link with the offered services. Relaying on an image acquisition device does not impose a strict limit to the share of possible users, since an always growing number of commercially available mobile phone is equipped with an integrated camera: according to recent studies [3], over 175 million camera phones were shipped in 2004 and, by the end of the decade, the global population of camera phones is expected to surpass 1 billion. ? This work is partially supported by the Italian Ministry for Education and Scientific Research (MIUR) in the framework of the FIRB-VICOM project. However, the acquisition of context-related information through images is not a trivial task, especially with resource-constrained devices. To ease the recognition process, objects can be labeled with visual tags readable by machines. Once decoded, visual tags either directly provide information about the resource they are attached to or, if the amount of information is too large, they act as resource identifiers that can be used to gather information from the network. In this paper, we describe the design and the implementation of POLPO 1 (Polpo is On-demand Loading of Pervasive-Oriented applications), a software system that turns mass-market phones into a platform for the development of pervasive applications. With POLPO, a phone with a built-in camera and compatible with the Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) platform is able to get context information by decoding visual tags attached to real-world objects. POLPO supports dynamic loading and installation of custom applications used to interact with the desired resources. 2 Background and contribution In this section we summarize the most relevant solutions based on visual tags and the contribution of our system in this field. Cybercode [4] is a visual tagging system based on a two-dimensional barcode technology. The system has been used to develop several augmented reality applications where the physical world is linked to the digital space trough the use of visual tags. Cybercode is one of the first systems where visual tags can be recognized by low-cost CCD or CMOS cameras, without the need for separate and dedicated readers. Each Cybercode symbol is able to encode 24 or 48 bits of information. The system has been tested with notebook PCs and PDAs. In [5] the author presents a system that turns camera-phones into mobile sensors for two-dimensional visual tags. By recognizing a visual tag, the device can determine the coded value, as well as additional parameters, such as the viewing angle of the camera. The system includes a movement detection scheme which enables to use the mobile phone as a mouse (this is achieved by associating a coordinate scheme to visual tags). The communication capability of the mobile phone is used to retrieve information related to the selected tag and to interact with the corresponding resource. Tag recognition and motion detection algorithms were implemented in C++ for Symbian OS. The Mobile Service Toolkit (MST) [6] is a client-server framework for developing site-specific services that interact with users' smart phones. Services are advertised by means of machine-readable visual tags, which encode the Bluetooth device address of the machine that hosts the service (Internet protocols addressing could be supported as well). Visual tags also include 15 bits of application-specific data. Once the connection has been established, MST servers can request personal information to the client to provide personalized services. Site-specific services can push user interfaces, expressed with a markup language similar to WML (Wireless Markup Language), to smart phones. MST also provide thin-client functionality: servers can push arbitrary graphics 1 The Italian name for the octopus vulgaris, a cephalopod of the order octopoda, probably the most intelligent of the invertebrates. to the phone's display which in turn forwards all keypress events to the server. The client-side is written in C++ and requires Symbian OS. A similar approach is described in [7], where the authors propose an architecture for a platform that supports ubiquitous services. Real-world objects are linked to services on the network through visual tags based on geometric invariants that do not depend on the viewing direction [8]. But differently from other solutions, image processing does not take place on the user's device: pictures are sent to a server where they are elaborated and converted into IDs. Instead of using two-dimensional barcodes, an alternative way of performing object recognition is the one based on radio frequency identification (RFID): small tags, attached to or incorporated into objects, that respond to queries from a reader. However this solution, that can be useful in many pervasive computing scenarios, is not particularly suitable when the interaction is mediated by mobile phones, that lack the capability of reading RFIDs. In our opinion, currently available solutions present two major drawbacks: i) they are limited to specific hw/sw platforms (i.e. Symbian OS), excluding most of the models of mobile phones already shipped and in production in the near future; ii) the software needed to interact with the environment is statically installed onto the mobile phone and cannot be dynamically expanded, e.g. to interact with new classes of resources. We designed and developed a system for pervasive computing based on visual tags that overcomes these constraints as follows. Compatibility with J2ME The system runs on devices compatible with the J2ME platform. This environment is quite limited in terms of both memory and execution speed, but also extremely popular (nearly all mobile phones produced). This required the implementation of a pure Java decoder of visual tags for the J2ME environment. Downloadable applications Our system is based on the idea that the interaction with a given class of resources, e.g. printers, public displays, etc., takes place through a custom application. New custom applications can be downloaded from the network and installed onto the user's device as needed. This brings two advantages: i) the classes of resources that can be used do not have to be known a priori; ii) the user's device, that is resource constrained, includes only the software needed to interact with the services actually used. The J2ME platform comprises two configurations, few profiles, and several optional packages. The J2ME configurations identify different classes of devices: the Connected Device Configuration (CDC) is a framework that supports the execution of Java application on embedded devices such as network equipment, set-top boxes, and personal digital assistants; the Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) defines the Java runtime for resource constrained devices as mobile phones and pagers. Our systems runs on top of the version 1.1 of the CLDC, that provides support for floating point arithmetics (unavailable in version 1.0). The adopted profile is the Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) that, together with CLDC, provides a complete Java application environment for mobile phones. 3 System architecture POLPO requires that physical resources are labeled with visual tags, and that a program providing access to POLPO functionalities is installed onto the user's device. This program has the following primary functions: – Decoding of visual tags. The image captured with the built-in camera is processed to extract the data contained into the visual tag. – Management of custom applications. The program downloads and installs the custom application required to interact with a resource. Usually, resources of the same kind share the same custom application (i.e., a single application is used to interact with all printers, another is used with public displays, etc). – Management of user's personal data. In many cases, applications need information about the user to provide customized services. For this reason, the software installed on mobile phones includes a module that manages user's personal data and stores them into the persistent memory. Managed data comprise user's name, telephone number, email address, homepage, etc. Each resource is identified and described by a Data Matrix visual tag. Da


The acylation of thiophene. and thiophene de rivatives has previously been carried out employ ing Organic acid anhydrides, acyl halides, and acyl nitriles as acylating agents and in the pres eace of various catalysts, including aluminun chloride, stannic chloride, titanium tetrachloride, phosphorus pentoxide and 2-chloronercurithio phene. Other methodis of inaking acylated thio phene include the dry distillation of calcium salts of thiophene carboxylic acids and the action of nitriles on thienyiragnesium iodide. Of these processes, the catalytic methods en ploying Friedel-Crafts type catalyst, such as alus inum chloride, stannic chloride, titanium tetra chloride and the like, have been used most ex tensively. These catalysts, although applicable with considerable Success in the acylation of aro ratic hydrocarbons, are only moderately Success fu where thiophene is involved. This appears to be due to the relative instability of the thio phene ring; the Friedel-Crafts catalyst, for exam pe aluminum chloride, attacking the sulfur and causing many undesirable secondary reactions with concomitantly low yields of acy thiophenes, Furthermore, compounds such as aluminum chlo s


The invention discloses a system for acquiring vacant parking space information in a parking lot. The system includes a parking lot parking space information acquisition unit, a data control center, a vehicle-mounted GPS module arranged on a vehicle, and an intra-vehicle display connected with the vehicle-mounted GPS module, wherein the parking lot parking space information acquisition unit communicates with the data control center, and the vehicle-mounted GPS module communicates with the data control center. The system is intelligent and reliable. With the system and the method adopted, troubles in parking space search can be omitted for the owner of the vehicle. According to the method, the data center performs calculation automatically, and therefore, parking lot management personnel can be omitted, and manpower expenses can be reduced, and management efficiency can be increased.


Abstract Background: Significantly lower LINE-1 methylation levels have been observed in several cancers compared to their normal cell counterparts. It is of interest to note that this epigenetic phenomenon is rather common to cancers with multistage oncogenesis. Objective: We compared LINE-1 methylation levels of cancer cells between the primary and matched metastatic sites. Methods: COBRA method was used to determine LINE-1 methylation levels of tumor cells at the primary and matched metastatic sites in five malignancies (10 cases each of head and neck squamous carcinoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, invasive mammary ductal carcinoma, and colorectal adenocarcinoma). LINE-1 methylation levels between the primary and matched metastatic site were compared. Results: Significantly lower LINE-1 methylation levels were observed at metastatic sites (as compared to primary sites) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.002) and non-small cell lung cancer (p = 0.012). Conclusion: In head, neck, and pulmonary cancers, significantly lower LINE-1 methylation levels were found at metastatic sites, as compared to the matched primary tumor. Further studies are warranted to determine whether this altered methylation is the result or the cause of cancer metastasis.


In accordance with the principle of equal precision frequency measurement and theory of errors, in this paper, the problems are discussed that the equal precision frequency measurement eliminates the standard frequency count error. In order to reduce the relative error and improve the measurement accuracy, a method is proposed for phase coincide detection between standard frequency multiplication and measurement frequency demultiplication to open or shut the gate, at the same time, a signal selector is also used to improve circuit performance. This method can effectively solve the problem that the frequency can not be detected without the synchronization signal and improve the performance of the frequency measurement system.


HAAB Klagenfurt took over and later merged Slavonska banka with its other daughter bank in the Republic of Croatia in 2009. The authors analyze the cooperation between the bank and companies and the relations deriving from the following issues: a) purchase of nonexistent claims, b) representation of the bank in its process against the State Agency for Deposit Insurance and Bank Rehabilitation (DAB) and c) the bank's role in the company's financial recovery by issuing unauthorized bill discounts. With the consent of the Hypo Alpe Adria Bank Inc. Zagreb, Slavonska banka sold CARESOS d.o.o the (non) existing claims in the case of Glumina banka in bankruptcy. Moreover, CARESOS d.o.o signed an agreement of representation with HAAB Klagenfurt in its plea against DAB Croatia, regarding the agreement on share purchase of Slavonska banka in July 1998, and even though it won the plea it failed to perform its contractual obligations in terms of agreed commission towards the company. Finally HAAB, together with CARESOS and others participated in the TAJ PAN recovery project in which it issued unauthorized discount bills causing damages to all companies involved and failure of the project realization.


To assess the efficacy of different antibiotic regime in treatment of diarrhoea of paediatric patients. Total of 40 paediatric patients with present of diarrhoea were included in the present study. All the patients were divided into two study groups with 20 patients in each group. Group 1 included subjects who were treated with ceftriaxone therapy while group2 included subjects who were treated with ciprofloxacin therapy. Microbial stool cultures were used as a standard for assessing the efficacy of both the antibiotic regimens. All the results were recorded in Microsoft excel sheet and were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Mean age of the patients of group 1 and group 2 was 15.8 years and 14.9 years respectively. There were 12 males and 8 females in group 1 while there were 11 males and 9 females in group 2. Success rate among both the study groups was found to be 95 percent. Non- significant results were obtained while comparing the success rate of both the antibiotic treatment therapies. Conclusion: Both ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin therapy are equally effective in treating diarrhoea in paediatric patients.


Many AI domains are nonmonotonic. The resulting uncertainty is often dealt with by associating degree-of-belief ratings (conditional probabilities) with propositions. However, in some domains, a key issue is determining the subset of the available data that the agent should process to use as the basis for making a decision about how to act. Since belief ratings provide no sense of their \re-liability" (if additional data were considered), they do not help an agent determine when suucient data has been considered. We believe that in many domains, there is a strong correlation between current belief and ultimate belief once some fraction of the available data has been processed. We call such problems nearly monotonic, and suggest that they are important in that they can support eecient satisscing problem solving. The content of the information does not necessarily reeect the position or the policy of the Government, and no oocial endorsement should be inferred.


In a small (pop. 25,000) Eastern community in the United States, "counselors" (teachers, parents, police, mental health clinic workers, and ministers) and high school students were interviewed and tested to ascertain knowledge regarding drugs. Data suggest that less is known about certain categories of drugs than others; drug users are more knowledgeable about drugs than non-users; police scored consistently lower than other "counselors" and students; and those with higher levels of formal education scored higher. Particular problems and areas of ignorance among the (usually non-drug using) adults who give counsel require identification to aid in establishing more realistic, efficient, and effective organizing, staffing, and operating of programs.


Inspired by green lotus leaf, we bio-designed a superhydrophobic gel nanocoating with green photo-luminescence. The ZnO ingredient was prepared by sol-gel method and then modified with stearic acid (STA) to obtain superhydrophobic nano-coating. The microstructures, wettability and photoluminescence of the ZnO were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, contact angle analysis and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The experimental results of ZnO-STA show excellent superhydrophobicity on various substrates and intense green luminescence. These findings can open a new view for luminescent devices with self-cleaning advances.


The experiment examined effects of instructions on human schedule performance when providers of the instructions were persons other than the experimenter. Pressing a key by one member of each pair of eight undergraduates produced points on a multiple fixed-interval (FI) FI schedule.Another member of the pair was exposed to a multiple fixed-ratio (FR) differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) schedule. After every session, verbal descriptions of how to increase points written by another member of the pair were presented.The final response rates under the multiple FI FI schedule were indistinguishable between the two components in each of four participants although they each received verbal descriptions indicating that the way to increase points with the key was to respond rapidly in one component and to respond slowly in another. Such weak effects of instructions given from persons other than the experimenter were contrasted with stronger effects of instructions given by the experimenter, that is, the final response rates were higher with the instruction to respond rapidly than with the instruction to respond slowly for three of the four participants.This differential effect across the instruction providers was not found in each of four participants who were exposed to the multiple FR DRL schedule.


Vitamin B12, thiamine and biotin concentrations in the surface water of Lake Tsukui have been determined over a period of two years, in 1970 and 1971, by the use of microbiollogical assay methods. The assay organism used for the determination of vitamin Big was Lactobacillus leichmannii ATCC 7830, for thiamine was the marine yeast, Cryptococcus albidus, and for biotin the marine bacterium, Achromobacter sp. strain yH-51. Dissolved vitamin Big concentration decreased remarkably and particulate portions increased considerably in the surface water at most times when diatoms, Cyclotella sp., Fragilaria crotonensis and Synedra acus, were dominant. Thiamine and biotin concetnrations increased very much in both dissolved and particulate forms in the surface water in such times when diatoms were dominant. From the results, the possible importance of vitamin B12 as one of the ecological factors in Lake Tsukui is suggested.


Magnetically recyclable α-Fe2O3 nanofibers are used as heterogeneous catalysts for the oxidation of benzylic alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as oxidants.


Foundation degrees (FDs) involve the fusion of academic and vocational paths in higher education (HE) qualifications; the challenge for academics and employers is the credible assessment of the student's workplace learning. Focusing to the workplace enables participants to learn from their daily routines encountered at work. The challenge is to help them demonstrate learning from experience within the workplace, by developing their ability to think at a higher level. A vital aspect of using workplace learning in partnership with employers/sector skills councils is that the learning is valid to the role. In response, the programme development group, which was composed of academics and employers, felt that workplace tasks (WPTs) would allow students to demonstrate role development through experiential learning at work. Therefore, this article uses a pilot case study (n = 16), using a focus group methodology, to discuss the assessment of the WPTs within a FD and the students' perception towards this form of assessment. Findings show that participants value WPTs, they motivate participants to learn and improve their self‐esteem, however, some groups need specialist skills training where workplace competence is required.


In everyday life altering environmental conditions require flexible adaptation of planned or already initiated actions. Humans and animals are forced to constantly update their behavior to avoid maladaptive actions. Studies linked responseinhibition deficits to several neurological diseases and emphasized the critical role of the PFC for appropriately timed actions (Aron, 2011; Aron et al., 2014a; Chambers et al., 2009). These neuropsychiatric disorders include fronto-temporal dementia (Pompanin et al., 2014), and Parkinson's disease (Gauggel et al., 2004).
In the present thesis we investigated two mechanisms of motor inhibition: reactive and proactive stopping. We combined optogenetic and electrophysiological techniques to analyze the functional role of five key subareas of the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in a response-preparation task (Eagle and Baunez, 2010; Wallis, 2011; Uylings et al., 2003). We observed two main effects following optogenetic inhibition of mPFC and OFC subareas: (1) inactivation of mPFC induced drastic changes during proactive behavior, and (2) OFC inhibition significantly impaired the rats' reactive motor control. Specifically, while prelimbic cortex (PL) inhibition induced an increase of premature responses, infralimbic cortex (IL) inactivation resulted in a decreased number of early lever releases. In contrast, optogenetic inhibition of OFC subareas (mainly the ventral orbitofrontal cortex (VO)) significantly impaired the rats' ability to respond rapidly after external cues. Additionally, we designed and optimized optrodes for combined optogenetics and electrophysiology in behaving rats. We compared a selection of commercially available as well as custom-made optrodes which are appropriate to target specific PFC subareas. These devices were implanted and subsequently used for electrophysiological recordings in task performing rats implemented. Consistent with our optogenetic experiments, task modulated PL units showed significantly reduced activity before early releases, while the opposite was true for the average of all recorded IL neurons. Further, principal component alanysis (PCA) of VO activity revealed strong components around the tone and reaction time (RT) window of correct trials, which supports the role of this lateral OFC subregion during the reactive phase of the task. Our data argue for opposing roles of IL and PL in directing proactive behavior and argue for an involvement of OFC in predominantly reactive motor control. By attributing defined roles to rodent PFC sections, this study represents a good starting point for future experiments (Jackel, 2017; Herold, 2018) investigating further descending targets of the complex neural network involved in inhibitory processes.


By such the present invention relates to a crash pad-sealing devices, and more particularly, to a seal for a crash pad with two-tone type, and form a seal groove in the color boundary portions, dojangji he inserted or extracted in the seal groove, the adhesive material as to the part of the compartment to be painted without using the zoom, the operation is quickly performed and wherein the boundary of the coating is a clean process. Coating, two-tone (two-tone), a jig, a crash pad


Cost and space limitations on questionnaires usually restrict opinion surveys to a small number of topics that are high on the public agenda at polling times. The result is very few time trends with frequently repeated questions. Opinion at times between surveys can be predicted from mass media content that is systematically archived at daily time intervals. Formal statistics has shown that the ideodynamic model can predict from media content alone to opinion with good accuracy over long time intervals. This paper provides empirical demonstrations of that assertion by showing that Washington Post and Associated Press coverage could predict opinion in the form of the Index of Consumer Sentiment with R over 0.7 for time periods in the range of seven years with no loss of precision.


We report the results of a combined experimental and theoretical investigation on the stability and the volume behavior under hydrostatic pressure of the rocksalt (B1) phase of ZnO. Synchrotron-radiation x-ray powder-diffraction data are obtained from 0 to 30 GPa. Static simulations of the ZnO B1 phase are performed using the ab initio perturbed ion method and the local and nonlocal approximations to the density-functional theory. After the pressure induced transition from the wurtzite phase, we have found that a large fraction of the B1 high-pressure phase is retained when pressure is released. The metastability of this ZnO polymorph is confirmed through the theoretical evaluation of the Hessian eigenvalues of a nine-parameter potential energy surface. This allows us to treat the experimental and theoretical pressure-volume data on an equal basis. In both cases, we have obtained values of the bulk modulus in the range of 160–194 GPa. For its zero-pressure first derivative, the experimental and theoretical data yield a value of 4.461.0. Overall, our results show that the ZnO B1 phase is slightly more compressible than previously reported. @S0163-1829~98!07537-7#


Buried pipeline are routinely protected by the synergistic effect of coatings and cathodic protection(CP),however,corrosion often occurs under disbonded coatings.This paper describes the distribution of potentials and current densities and the chemical changes in the presence of cathodic protection,the mechanism of cathodic protection against crevice corrosion,the mechanism of microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC) of pipeline steel beneath disbonded coatings.Some viewpoints of forerunners about the interaction of CP and MIC and studies must be made for prevention of MIC beneath disbonded coating are also discussed in this paper.


Hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitride films have been prepared by the glowdischarge decomposition of ammonia/silane gas mixture. From optical transmission measurements in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1100 nm refractive indices absorption coefficients and optical Tauc gaps of the films have been obtained. A systematic investigation of optical parameters has been carried out as a function of the nitrogen content of samples.


i.e. not only process technology developments but also developments in process control technology. As a result, the range of subjects covered in the volume is quite broad. Thus, the subject may be as mundane as bulking in the activated sludge wastewater treatment process, or as &dquo;exotic&dquo; as the treatment of chemical warfare reagents. The text is divided into 20 sections, each of which corresponds to an individual article or chapter, has its own author/s and list of references. The term of reference in this


Farmers must now consider climate adaptation amongst other variables when they select crops for the coming year. A changing climate means traditional crop choices may not perform well. Yet, it may be difficult to trust recommendations about new crop choices provided without extensive local knowledge. This paper describes the design and implementation of a prototype tool to support Canadian farmers in their crop selections. However, authoritative data about growing conditions that maximize crop performance has been difficult to assemble. Therefore, we propose an extension to the prototype system that would allow farmers to submit reports of crop performance along with data that describes their growing conditions. With many farmers contributing these experience reports, the data in these reports could be mined to provide localized information about the performance of different crops and the conditions which best support each.


A set of modular seats for rank quickly forming an aesthetic element to decorative purposes and / or to use protective shelter against the sun or inclement weather. The assembly (100) comprises at least two seats (3) of the chair or transatlantic type arranged around a support structure attachment (10) having a base (1) intended to be placed on the floor, each seat (3 ) having an open position in which said seat rests on an underframe (35) and each seat having a closed position wherein said seat is in a position tilted towards the front, said seat is integral with the supporting structure attachment (10 ) and said at least two seats in their closed position are juxtaposed, the shape of the hull structures (31) seats realizing between adjoining edges (36a, 36b) of the seats of complementary shapes such that the said edges are close and substantially parallel. The user sets up the assembly in its closed position engaging the seat (3) around said hooking support structure (10) and by tilting the seat forward so that the edges (36a, 36b ) of the seats (3) are juxtaposed to form an assembly (100) substantially closed or partially closed with a pleasing aesthetic appearance. Then, the user sets up each seat (3) in its open position by pulling on a handle (37) preferably located on the outer side of each seat. The assembly according to the invention is particularly intended for the storage of seats public or private relaxation areas (swimming pools, hotels, beaches, parks, gardens ...), without this example being limiting.


There is no more prolific analytical philosopher than Alvin I. Goldman when
 it comes to social epistemology. During the past two decades, he has done
 more than any other analytical philosopher to set the tone for how social
 epistemology ought to be conceptualized. However, while Goldman has provided
 numerous contributions to our understanding of how applied epistemology can
 assist not only philosophy, but other fields of learning such as the
 sciences, law, and communication theory, there are concerns with the way he
 conceptualizes the foundations of social epistemology. One is that he
 somewhat problematically partitions off social epistemology from traditional
 analytic epistemology in ways that make the latter, but not the former,
 naturalistic and reliabilist (on his construal of naturalism and
 reliabilism). Another difficulty is that he seems not to recognize that
 social epistemology poses a rather embarrassingly potential problem for
 traditional epistemology, namely, it exposes traditional epistemology's
 excessive individualism. That Goldman seems not to recognize this is
 evidenced by the fact that in his conceptualization of the foundations of
 epistemology he retains traditional epistemology as an area of philosophical
 inquiry on its own terms, without arguing that elements of the social might
 well have to be taken into account by traditional analyses of human
 knowledge. Thus, to put it in the terms of another social epistemologist,
 Steve Fuller, Goldman's social epistemology is not revisionistic, though
 Goldman himself insists that it is normative. This leads to a third problem
 for Goldman's social epistemology, namely, that it contains no justified true
 belief analysis of the nature of social knowledge.


Parasitoid wasp is an important biological control agent of insect pests. Development regulation is important in extending shelf life, improving control efficiency and timing release. Most parasitoid wasp species enter diapause as prepupa or larva, and some as pupa or adult. Analysis of diapause in 127 parasitoid species showed that:(1) Photoperiod and temperature are the main factors influencing diapause of parasitic wasps, host and nutritional status can also exert influence.(2) The stage right before diapause stage is usually sensitive to diapause signal.(3) There is maternal effect in some species, their offspring are more stress-resistant.(4) It is possible to extend shelf life by diapause and the storage period can be as long as 16 months.(5) Diapause termination can improve biological control efficiency of the current generation of parasitoids and their F1 offspring, but also increase parasitoid mortality. An outlook of further research on diapause of parasitoid wasps is suggested.


Recent calls for national food policies that promote greater food sovereignty represent an emerging concern of public policy. Such a shift in food policy toward greater citizen control over domestic food supplies would have significant implications for all aspects of the agri-food system. One area of concern is the conservation and use of agricultural land because, in the end, every act of producing and consuming food has direct or indirect impacts on the land base. Yet no research has considered the potential interactions and implications between food sovereignty and agricultural land use planning. This gap in research presents an opportunity to critically examine the effects of the changing roles and values on agricultural land use planning within and across jurisdictions. We believe that a better understanding of the dominant policy regimes within the agri-food system, including global competitiveness, farmland preservation, and food sovereignty, can lead to land use planning practices that are most beneficial for integrating not only multiple interests across jurisdictions, but also multiple perspectives.


There is nothing more practical than a good theory. And even more practical is a model, if it communicates well. Tony Watts has been involved in creating a number of models, two of which are mentioned here: the DOTS model and a socio-political model, dealing with dimensions of society/individual and change/status quo. This article discusses the current importance and implications of these models: they have had a long life and a strong impact on the guidance field. As has Tony Watts.


We extend semiparametric models to models which combine parameterised treatment effects with any number of smooth terms. We derive explicit expressions for the estimates of the parametric part of the model and the standard errors; in addition, several methods of model selection are presented. We examine data from a barley trial to show that these models provide a flexible representation of environmental trends in field experiments.


In this paper we study restricted partition functions of the form pk(qm+b), for certain primes q, with k = 3, 5, 7. For each k we analyze which primes q satisfy pk(qm + b) ≡ 0 mod k for all natural numbers m. We then prove our results by applying a common method of proof to each case.


Thermodynamic properties of small structures, such as the melting points and the process of mass transport, can be considerably different compared to material in the bulk form. Calorimetry is the standard experimental technique used to measure thermodynamics properties. However, this technique is extremely difficult to use for the study of small structures because the amount of energy exchanged during the measurement is extremely small - proportional to the amount of material. In order to measure small amounts of thermal energy we have scaled down the physical size of the calorimeter using MEMS technology. This thin-film differential scanning calorimeter has extremely high sensitivity, 0.01 mJ cm2, and is capable of measuring the melting phenomenon of 1 A of Sn deposited onto a SiN surface. In this article we investigate the size dependence of both the melting point and the heat of fusion for ultrathin films of Sn nanonstructures using multiple evaporation and thermal annealing cycles.


House is not only functioning as a place for shelter, but also for accommodating personal and social activities of its inhabitants. Unfortunately in post quake disaster dome houses Ngelepen, Yogyakarta, the majority of the early settlers must change their behavior and habits that they used to do in their previous environment to adjust the new settlement. These happened because dome housing did not facilitate some activities whether personal or social activities within the house, therefore the activities extended to the outside of the house or even the surrounding environment. This study aims to understand the system activities on the dome house settlement Yogyakarta. In order to get detailed description, quantitative as well as qualitative approach was done through observation of the activities type, when and where the activities conducted. Data collection was done by continuous place centered behavior mapping to know how the occupants use and accommodate their behavior in certain time and specific place. The results of this study showed that daily activities on weekdays and holidays conducted by different group; children, adult and elderly, at different areas and for different type of activities in certain times. The pathways and courtyard of the house mostly used for domestic household activities and leisure as an extension of the social interaction space. In understanding the system activities that occurred, it is expected that this study can contribute to improve the quality of life of people live in a relocation settlement.


: Neonatal suckling blisters usually present as benign skin erosions involving the distal upper extremities at birth presumably induced by vigorous sucking in utero, whereas sucking pads commonly appear as hyperkeratotic thickening of the lips indicating effective neonatal sucking reflex. These benign neonatal conditions should be differentiated from other serious systemic and dermatological diseases in newborns through their clinical manifestations and self-limited course. Here, we report a 24 hour old male newborn with a sucking blister and sucking pads present at birth coexisting simultaneously, diagnosed based on the presentation and benign course. A high index of clinical suspicion is required to avoid unnecessary investigations and treatment.


In Korea, harbor tranquility is generally estimated by using both methods of investigating harbor calmness under abnormal wave condition and evaluating the harbor serviceability. The efficiency of the former method is questionable as the tranquility of a harbor is judged by a wave height criterion that is arbitrarily determined without rational basis. In case of the latter method, the utilization rate of a harbor is estimated by using the exceedance probability of wave height or the distribution of wave heights and periods that is obtained from longterm measured or hindcasted wave data. Use of long-term data is desirable in order to guarantee the accuracy of the exceedance probability. Meanwhile, the criterion for determining maximum allowable wave height for cargo handling works is too simple and has limitations for being used in an actual field condition. Problems of existing method for estimating harbor tranquility were verified by the wave observation data in Busan New Port. And the importance of the field observation data was emphasized. It is necessary to perform long-term wave monitoring inside and outside of major ports in Korea in order to establish more advanced standard for evaluating harbor tranquility based on such observed wave data.


The invention discloses a fluid power generating device. A graphene thin film layer (2) is combined on an insulating substrate (1). The two ends of the graphene thin film layer are provided with electrodes (3 and 4) respectively. By the device, charging and discharging effects are achieved on the surface of graphene by utilizing the fluctuation of a fluid, and the output voltage of 5 to 50mV can be stably obtained. The device has a simple structure, and saves a rotating or driving part. Theoretically, the output voltage and current of the power generating device can be effectively improved by the series connection and parallel connection of a plurality of power generating units, and the device can serve as an effective output power supply for a miniature load. In addition, the fluid power generating device can serve as a passive sensing device for the fluctuation intensity of the fluid due to own voltage-fluctuation speed characteristics. The invention discloses a manufacturing method for the fluid power generating device.


In order to accurately obtain the credibility of social media information, improve the efficiency of credibility evaluation, and enhance the security of social media, this paper proposes a method for evaluating the credibility of social media information based on user perception. Starting from the three dimensions of subject credibility, source credibility, and content credibility, the information credibility evaluation dimensions are analyzed. According to the information credibility evaluation dimension, establish a social media information database and deal with spam in the database. Perform credit evaluation based on the results of various data analyses in the database, and extract meaningful keywords from social media information through feature selection algorithms to form keyword clusters. Finally, based on user perception theory, the credibility evaluation of social media information is realized. The experimental results show that the quantitative results of the method for evaluating the credibility of social media information are close to the actual situation, the evaluation results obtained are more accurate, and the evaluation time is short, which can provide a theoretical basis for supervision and management.


Inuit subsistence systems and territorial experiences are the subject of much academic interest; however, women's contributions to territorial occupancy and land-based practices tend to be dismissed. This paper documents aspects of the picking and use of berries by Inuit women in Inukjuak, Nunavik, and the meanings of such practices within contemporary systems of subsistence. By following the berries' trajectories along social networks of sharing, I explore the social nature of berry picking and use, and highlight the meanings of women's practices within social systems of subsistence. Through this exploration, I challenge binary assumptions that limit the recognition of women's territorial experiences within Inuit studies literature.


Antoine Court de Gebelins Le monde primitif. ; In 1772, the date of the publication of the final volumes of the Encyclopedie, Court de Gebelin, a well-known Protestant and Freemason, launched a subscription for Le Monde primitif analyse et compare avec le monde moderne, a work which should have run to thirty or so volumes. The discovery which he was presenting to the public, that of the primitive language, of which he promised a dictionary, was to provide the explanation for everything that was still mysterious and give the Encyclopedie the roots it was lacking. This article studies Court de Gebelin's undertaking, compares and contrasts it with that of the Encyclopaedists, and shows the extent to which it was wildly amibitious, opened up seductive paths and proposed a dangerous vision of the world and history.


The effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on whole‐body exercise performance and its potential mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined whether RIPC can accelerate systemic and local O2 dynamics and can enhance endurance during the work‐to‐work cycling exercise. Thirteen healthy men were instructed to perform the work‐to‐work test, which was preceded by the RIPC (bilateral arm occlusion, 3 × 5 minutes) or control (CON; no occlusion) condition. This test involved gradually increasing the exercise intensity as follows: low intensity at 30 W for 3 minutes, moderate intensity at 90% of the gas exchange threshold (GET) for 4 minutes, and severe intensity at 70% of the difference between the GET and VO2 peak until exhaustion. During the test, breath‐by‐breath pulmonary VO2 and near‐infrared spectroscopy‐derived vastus lateralis muscle deoxygenation were recorded continuously. Pulmonary VO2 dynamics during moderate‐intensity exercise was significantly faster in RIPC than in CON. In contrast, no such difference in muscle deoxygenation kinetics was observed between the two conditions. Time until exhaustion during severe‐intensity exercise was significantly longer in RIPC than in CON. These findings suggest that RIPC may be a beneficial strategy for enhancing whole‐body exercise performance, which may partially result from accelerated systemic O2 dynamics during exercise.


ABSTRACT Redundancy as a reliability measure can be determined to evaluate the seismic performance of a water distribution system from three points of view; 1) in particular, it is recommended that redundancy be evaluated along with reliability when assessing system performance, 2) in order to design a new network, it can effectively be used for choosing the best alternative in the earthquake-proof design of the distribution network, 3) for the seismic mitigation in a present network, it is worthwhile to have a measure for finding the best strengthening procedure of damage mitigation. Reliability and pattern of components failure are implied aspects of redundancy in water distribution networks. This paper presents an information entropy-based model for assessing the redundancy and uncertainty of water distribution networks under seismic risk. First, the entropy-based redundancy measures in a water distribution network is studied based on the routing flexibility and entropy measurements in manufacturing systems. The redundancy measure for both undamaged and seismically damaged system is then developed. Finally the validation of the method is examined in application conducting a case study of Kobe city water network. A comparison between redundancy measure and network performance, as indicated by percentage of flow supplied under a range of link failures, demonstrates that an increase in the value of redundancy, after seismic strengthening, as measured by the entropic parameter, increases the ability of the water distribution network to respond to failure problems in the network under seismic risk .


This work presents a new unit cell electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) design based on HoneyComb geometry (HCPBG). The new HCPBG takes a uniplanar geometry (UCPBG—uniplanar compact PBG) as a reference and follows similar design methods for defining geometric parameters. The new structure's advantages consist of reduced occupied printed circuit board area and flexible rejection band properties. In addition, rotation and slight geometry modification in the HCPBG cell allow changing the profile of the attenuation frequency range. This paper also presents a reconfigurable unit cell HCPBG filter strategy, for which the resonance center frequency is shifted by changing the gap capacitance with the assistance of varactor diodes. The HCPBG filter and reconfiguration behavior is demonstrated through electromagnetic (EM) simulations over the FR1 band of the 5G communication network. Intelligent communication systems can use the reconfiguration feature to select the optimal operating frequency for maximum attenuation of unwanted or interfering signals, such as harmonics or intermodulation products.


In this work, the high yield of MWNTs was prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, followed by annealing at 2000–2800 °C, and the effects of high annealing temperature on metal impurities and defects in multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was explored. Furthermore, the annealed MWNTs were dispersed using a sand mill to make a conductive slurry, and finally the cathode LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 was added to the assembled batteries, and the application of MWNTs (slurry) as conductive agents in LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM) cathode materials by sand-mill dispersion on the performance of lithium-ion batteries was investigated. The results indicate that high temperature annealing can effectively remove the residual metal impurities from MWNTs and the defects in MWNTs gradually decreases as the temperature rises. In addition, 2 wt% of MWNTs (slurry) in LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 is sufficient to form an electronically conductive network; as a result, the electronic conductivity and the high rates performance of the LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 batteries were greatly improved. The LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 battery with MWNTs slurries annealed at 2200 ℃ as a conductive additive displays the highest initial discharge capacity of 173.16 mAh·g−1 at 0.1 C. In addition, after 100 cycles, a capacity retention of 95.8% at 0.5 C and a discharge capacity of 121.75 mAh·g−1 at 5 C were observed. The multi-walled carbon nanotubes used as conductive agents in LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM) cathode materials show excellent battery behaviors, which would provide a new insight for the development of high-performance novel conductive agents in lithium-ion batteries.


The angiosperm carpel is interpreted, according to the classical botanical theory, as a modified vegetative leaf. Specialization into a reproductive organ is believed to have occurred through the evolutionary process. Despite abundant supporting evidence, the classical theory is periodically challenged, its antagonists disclaiming any homology between foliar and floral organs (see discussion in Eames, A. J. 1961. Morphology of the angiosperms. McGraw-Hill. 518 pp.).


i i c m o q c m p t t d t UNG TRANSPLANTATION (LTx) is performed for a variety of end-stage lung diseases and the outcome has mproved over the past decade.1 Even though most centers try o avoid the use of extracorporeal circulation (ECC) for LTx, ome centers prefer ECC in the majority of their transplants. he authors increasingly perform LTx without use of ECC if easible to avoid the known complications associated with CC, such as leukocyte and thrombocyte activation, release of asoactive substances, and damage of the capillary membrane n the early phase after reperfusion.2 The most common indiations for using ECC during LTx are deterioration of gas xchange during single-lung ventilation and consequent develpment of pulmonary hypertension with right-heart failure. Intravenous vasodilators have been used to avoid excessive ulmonary hypertension in LTx; however, this approach is limited ecause of the induction of systemic hypotension. As a conseuence, myocardial perfusion declines, which may lead to signifcant ischemia and ventricular decompensation. In addition, inrapulmonary shunting because of intravenous vasodilators may ead to impaired gas exchange. At this institution, the standard LTx protocol includes the inraoperative application of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) before pneuonectomy to lower pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), espeially in patients with pulmonary hypertension,3 and to avoid ight-heart failure during clamping of the pulmonary artery. A case f severe pulmonary hypertension associated with alpa-1-antitrypin-deficiency–related emphysema is reported in which inhaled loprost was used as a single therapeutic agent to avoid ECC upport during LTx.


Two metal tetraazaporphrins including a new tetra-(tert-butyl)-tetraazaporphyrin lead! were synthe- sized by refluxing tetraazaporphrin and metal ion. Their electronic absorption spectra, thermal stability, and opti- cal limiting properties at 532 nm for 8 ns pulses were investigated. The Q band maximum absorption peaks (λmax) of them are at 570 ̄630 nm, while the B band maximum absorption peaks (λmax) are at 330 ̄350 nm. The differ- ences of central metal ions have influences on the Q band absorption greatly. The onset decomposition tempera- ture of them are over 250 ℃; the weight loss processes are related to decomposition of four substituent groups (-C(CH3)3), and yet conjugate ring are not decomposed below 500 ℃. The optical limiting mechanism of them is the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) of excited triplet states, and the better optical limiting properties of te- traazaporphrin lead! compared to the other tetraazaporphrins are attributed to the heavy-atom effect.


Introduction: Narcolepsy is a rare disorder classified as hypersomnia of central origin. Its core symptoms are excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and cataplexy. Associated symptoms, hypnagogic hallucinations, sleep paralysis, automatic behavior, and sleep fragmentation, are unspecific. Genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors contribute to hypocretin deficiency. Areas covered: This article focuses on therapies for narcolepsy symptoms and comorbid disorders. Despite the enormous increase of knowledge about narcolepsy's pathologies no substance has been developed that can cure the disease. So far hypocretin substitution is not available. Substances targeting the autoimmune mechanism have failed to show objective improvement despite subjective improvement. The standard medication in adults comprises stimulants and anticataplectics. Only few substances are capable of improving core and associated symptoms. Within the last years, only modafinil and its enantiomer armodafinil and sodium oxybate have been approved as new substances. Expert opinion: The choice of stimulants to treat excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy needs to be expanded and anticataplectic medication needs to be approved for the indication. Head-to-head comparisons between the established medications, studies of high evidence in older non-evidence-based medications, in children, pregnant women, and of behavioral therapy need to be performed including the long-term effects on metabolic and cardiovascular risks. Narcolepsy is a model disease for so many sleep disorders, among which it has the most severe daytime sleepiness. New insights into its etiology have advanced sleep medicine immensely. Still it stays an orphan in terms of treatment options which are challenging because narcolepsy covers so many symptoms from neuropsychological metabolic-, cardiovascular-, endocrinological-, movement disorders, and parasomnias to name a few.


This introductory paper explores the general nature of financial regulation as a set of behavioral rules. Public authorities impose these rules on market participants. The aim is to influence market participants' behavior in order to achieve certain regulatory goals. The financial crisis has changed our perception of how regulation should be designed in order to achieve these goals. The advent of FinTech challenges our perception again.


The reliability and availability of the electrical network is highly much depending on the reliability of the installed high voltage equipment. Transformer is one of these critical assets and its failure can cause major downtime in the electrical supply and result in the revenue losses to the utilities or plant operator. Over the last decade, condition-based maintenance has been actively engaged as the maintenance regime for the maintenance of in-service power transformer. As such, the basic and advance diagnostic testing has been used to diagnose and assess the condition of the transformers. A large utility typically has in excess of a thousand power transformers and prioritizing the maintenance of the transformer is important to optimize the operational cost and at the same time avoid the unplanned outages. This paper presented the method on assessing the overall health condition of the transformer using combination of health index and criticality index to prioritize the strategic decisions on the transformer and a case study in Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) Malaysia.


Pre‐implant ECG screening is performed to ensure that S‐ICD recipients have at least one suitable sensing vector, yet cardiac over‐sensing remains the commonest cause of inappropriate shock therapy in the S‐ICD population. One explanation would be the presence of dynamic variations in ECG morphology that result in variations in vector eligibility.


This paper details the design, implementation, and testing of a one edge pass non-greedy algorithm for the minimum spanning tree problem. The use of network labeling procedures, and path weights to screen entering edges, provides a novel implementation of this algorithm. The choice of data structures also allows for an efficient implementation of reoptimization procedures, which have hitherto never been studied. Comprehensive results on the performance of both the greedy and non-greedy algorithms in optimization and reoptimization modes under various screening criteria, graph topologies, sizes and densities, and weight distributions are presented. The empirical results based on 855 problems bear out Tarjan's conjecture that greedy algorithms have a competitive advantage over non-greedy algorithms for the minimum spanning tree problem, except in special cases. However, for the problems tested, when a small percentage of edge weights are changed, non-greedy approaches are competitive with greedy algorithms in reoptimization mode.


Keyboard practice apparatus comprising: a slide member; a support member configured to support an arm of a user, the support member being slidably coupled to the slide member; and means for supporting the slide member in juxtaposition with a keyboard of an instrument, the apparatus being operable to allow a player of a keyboard instrument in a seated position with a forearm resting on the support member to move their forearm along a length of the keyboard by sliding the support member along a portion of a length of the slide member.


| Research on young persons who commit homicide has largely focused on associative factors rather than event characteristics. This paper uses 25 years of data from the National Homicide Monitoring Program to describe the characteristics of homicide incidents perpetrated by offenders aged 10–17 years. In particular it examines if young homicide offenders are more likely to co-offend and if incident, victim and offender characteristics vary depending on whether the young person killed on their own or with others. Co-offending among young homicide offenders in Australia Samantha Bricknell and Willow Bryant Homicide committed by young people is a rare event. However, it is this relative rarity that can generate substantial attention when such an event occurs. International research has largely focused on factors that are associated with young people who commit homicide rather than characteristics of the homicide offence (see, for example, Cornell, Benedek & Benedek 1987; DeLisi, Piquero & Cardwell 2014; Heide & Solomon 2009, 2003; Lennings 2004; Roe-Sepowitz 2009, 2007). Available studies on offence characteristics suggest that young people are more likely to commit homicide with others, particularly if they are female or aged less than 16 years (Carcach 1997; Heide & Sellers 2014; Rodway et al. 2011; Woodworth, Agar & Coupland 2013). Young female offenders are more likely to victimise family members and young male offenders are more likely to kill strangers (Heide & Sellers 2014; Rodway et al. 2011; Woodworth, Agar & Coupland 2013). The probability of a homicide being perpetrated by multiple young offenders also increases with social distance—multiple young homicide offenders are more likely to kill strangers than known victims, irrespective of the offenders' gender (Heide & Sellers 2014; Woodworth, Agar & Coupland 2013). Statistical Bulletin 12 Australian Institute of Criminology 2 This paper uses 25 years of data from the National Homicide Monitoring Program (NHMP) to describe the characteristics of homicide incidents perpetrated by offenders aged 10–17 years. It examines if young homicide offenders in Australia are more likely to co-offend and if incident, victim and offender characteristics vary depending on whether the young person killed on their own or with others.


This article traces the development of transactional analysis in education through a detailed literature review based on the Transactional Analysis Bulletin (TAB), the Transactional Analysis Journal (TAJ), and books written by transactional analysis practitioners.


The stratigraphy of the Ionian and Kruja Albanian zones can be subdivided in four sedimentary sequences: 1. Triassic evaporites, 2. lonian Triassic to Eocene basin and Kruja platform carbonates, 3. Oligocene to Burdigalian flysch, and 4. Tortonian to Pliocene molassic sediments deposited in the foreland basin.


"Progress in the area of political participation for women remains slow In almost, all countries, women have the right to vote on paper, to be eligible for election, appointment to public office, and to exercise public functions on equal terms with men at local national and international levels. In most countries, women participate only marginally at the highest levels of decision making." (Steady, 1985).


Today, using thermal and chemical reduction and solubility, graphene oxide is produced in large scale. Since there are various methods for producing graphene, each of which allocates properties to the produced graphene, the purpose of this research is to investigate graphite delamination using anionic surfactants and produce graphene by means of computational methods. The research method was applied in order to perform molecular dynamics analysis, first, (the minimum) force that each atom imposes to other atoms was calculated. This is the total gradient of the system's energy according to the coordinates of the related atom. A Bayesian method was used for dynamic modeling, which, on average, uses dynamic parameters instead of their estimates. The Gaussian Process Dynamic Model (GPDM) was completely defined by a set of low-level data representations and was observed by both dynamics and modeling of GP regression (Gaussian process regression). Then, using the Gaussian software, along with empirical results or just using this software, the molecular state and reactions and their mechanisms were simulated. The results indicated that the presence of benzene, ether and carbo xyl groups in the optimal structure facilitates the entry of surfactants into the sheets and that the agent to start the separation of the graphene sheets adhered to each other by comparing the results of this study between the two surfactants, it was found that the gap to change by separation layers between the graphene plates is different for two surfactants. Besides, the difference in the polarity of the surfactants resulted in the final polarization of the surfactant and graphene system. Therefore, the difference in the polarity causes the difference in the solubility.


This paper studied the influence of asset sustainable livelihood either direct or indirect due to development of agriculture city. Location of study was at Batu city as one of central agriculture city, East Java Province of Indonesia. Batu was well known either as tourism city or center agriculture city. As center agriculture city was supported by the natural and environmental condition, and public social condition mainly by functioning agricultural area. The methodology consisted of interview, documentation, observation and field survey, collecting secondary data, and then analysis data. Results used as the consideration in the effort of developing center agriculture based on livelihood sustainable approach Otherwise, agricultural business men could develop their business wisely by using the facilities like: the input was agricultural structure; agricultural plantation was on farm, and producing agricultural results as agroindustry.


According to commonly used hybrid active power filter,the injecting active power filter is introduced to reduce the capacitance as much as possible without taking first-harmonic voltage.This paper illustrates the working principle of hybrid and injecting actives power filter and proves the results with the experiment.


An alternative representation of the diffusion equation is derived for the discrete helical wormlike (HW) chain model by treating the constraints in a manner different from that previously adopted. In contrast to the previous diffusion equation for the same HW model, which can describe local motions but not global to quasi‐global motions of flexible polymers in dilute solution because of the defect arising from the preaveraging of the constraining matrix, the present equation may be considered to be suitable for the description of the latter since it can give explicitly the Rouse–Zimm eigenvalues in the ground (global) state. It is shown that the present and previous equations are exactly the same before the constraining matrix common to them is preaveraged, as is natural, and that the above difference between their characteristics arises from the difference in the effect of the preaveraging approximation. A comparison is also made of the present model (or diffusion equation) with other models for polymer...


Abstract Political recruitment is one of the functions of the political party that has so much meaning for democratic life. One of the recruitment is done by the political parties are recruiting legislative candidates (candidates). In terms of doing a political recruitment, there are a variety of patterns made by the political parties. In this paper will discuss the pattern of recruitment by the Golkar Party, as we know that the Golkar Party was one that has been able to do well proven recruitment processes of many qualified cadres who once owned by Golkar party. The research we are doing by using interviews we did for one of the members of the selection team and some legislative candidates who have registered in the Provisional List of Candidates (DCS). With this study method there is some information that we get from the research that we do are especially DPD Golkar Golkar Party Central Java Province provides more opportunities for Caon of internal party compared to candidates from outside the party. From the research we did we also know that the recruitment mechanism by Golkar party of the DPP to the extent of the District Council / City has been summarized in a decision of the DPP. Based on the research results and even then we can finally conclude that the pattern of recruitment of candidates is done by DPD Golkar Central Java province is open. Keywords : Recruitment Patterns candidates, the Golkar Party, Central Java DPRD


An experiment was conducted at research farm of Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar during rabi season of 2003-04 with four sowing dates i.e., 27th November, 11th December, 25th December and 8th January along with four test varieties i.e., K 9107, PBW 343, HP 1744 and NW 1014 under split plot design to find out suitable sowing time for newly released wheat varieties under irrigated condition of Bihar and their economics of production. It was found that delay in sowing beyond 11th December drastically reduced the grain yield to the tune of 47.5 and 70.6 per cent, respectively when sown on 25th December and 8th January with respect to normal sowing on 27th November. Among varieties, K 9107 and PBW 343 achieved significantly higher grain yield than HP 1744 and NW 1014 varieties. Net return and B:C ratio were also significantly higher when wheat was sown on 27th November and followed by 11th December. Beyond 11th December, it registered 334 and 337 per cent decrease in net return/ha. Sowing of wheat on 8th January was found uneconomical. Wheat varieties K 9107 and PBW 343 were found suitable for irrigated condition of Bihar. K e y w o r d s


The diffraction efficiencies of gratings are affected by the inner structure which is determined by modulation type. CGH (Computer generated Hologram) basically uses the principles of a diffraction grating. As like as the diffraction gratings the patterns recorded in the CGH are different according to modulation methods which result in the performances of the reconstructed images. In this paper, on this fact CGHs are recorded according to sinusoidal and rectangular modulation methods and the characteristics of reconstructed images are analyzed. Also the reconstruction performances of the amplitude and phase, phase-only and binary phase CGH are analyzed.


Abstract Between 1946 and 1947, the photographer George Platt Lynes produced an intriguing portrait series of Thomas Mann while they were both living in California.1 Although numerous portraits were made of Mann by others, this remarkable group makes subtle iconographic references to important autobiographical themes in Mann's writings. The portraits, taken in a typical Southern California garden setting, impress the beholder as isolated frames from a film. By this, I wish to suggest that the series is narrative in quality and presents an animated portrait that illuminates the creative aims of the portrayed. The total impression of the series is one of self-absorbed informality, an achievement that contrasts markedly with conventional Mann portraits. The series belongs to the group of portraits of visual artists and writers produced by Lynes throughout his working life from about 1931 to his death in 1955.


In recent years, ALMA has been able to observe large-scale substructures within protoplanetary disks. Comparison with the predictions from models of planet–disk interactions has indicated that most of these disk substructures can be explained by the presence of planets with the mass of Neptune or larger at orbital radii of ≈5–100 au. Better resolution is needed to observe structures closer to the star, where terrestrial planets are expected to form, as well as structures opened by planets with masses lower than Neptune. We investigate the capabilities of a possible extension to ALMA that would double the longest baseline lengths in the array to detect and resolve disk substructures opened by Earth-mass and super-Earth planets at orbital radii of 1–5 au. By simulating observations of a family of disk models using this extended configuration in ALMA Bands 6 and 7, we show that an upgraded ALMA would detect gaps in disks formed by super-Earths as close as 1 au, as well as Earth-mass planets down to 2–3 au from the young host stars in nearby star-forming regions.


Abstract Mutations in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor II (FGFR2) have been identified in patients with Crouzon and Pfeiffer syndrome, among which rare mutations of the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. Correlating subtle phenotypes with each rare mutation is still in progress. In Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, we identified three patients harboring three different pathogenic variants of the same amino acid residue Asn-549 located in this domain: in addition to a very typical crouzonoid appearance, they all developed clinically relevant hydrocephalus, which is an inconstant feature of Crouzon and Pfeiffer syndrome. Overall, FGFR2 tyrosine kinase domain mutations account for 5/67 (7.4%) cases in our hospital. We describe a novel mutation, p.Asn549Ser, and new cases of p.Asn549His and p.Asn549Thr mutations, each reported once before. Our three cases of Asn-549 mutations, alongside with rare previously reported cases, show that these patients are at higher risk of hydrocephalus. Clinical and imaging follow-up, with possible early surgery, may help prevent secondary intellectual disability.


SUMMARY Because of African-American women's overrepresentation in several hospitality-related occupations, hospitality research is uniquely positioned to make a significant contribution to understanding African-American women's work. This paper describes African-American women's participation as employees, managers, and entrepreneurs in the hospitality industry, as well as the multiple roles African-American families play in relationship to African-American women's domestic and hospitality work.


The present paper presents the design and development results of a system setup for measuring Young's modulus of thin films by laser-induced surface acoustic waves based on the integration of two detection methods, namely, piezoelectric transducer detection and differential confocal detection, which may be used for conducting consecutive or simultaneous measurements. After demonstrating the capabilities of each detection approach, it is shown how, depending on a wider range of applications, sample materials and measurement environments, the developed integrated system inherits and harnesses the main characteristics of its detection channels, resulting in an more practical and flexible equipment for determining Young's modulus than traditional nanoindentation equipment, and also suitable for cross-validation purposes.


In this work, we performed infrared reflectivity measurements of RETiTaO_6 dielectric ceramics for rare-earth (RE) = Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Yb. The infrared spectra were analyzed through the four-parameter semi-quantum model based on two orthorhombic (aeschynite and euxenite) structures presented by the ceramics. We discerned the strongest phonon modes that contribute to the intrinsic dielectric behavior of the two families. Then the unloaded quality factors and the dielectric permittivities were estimated at the microwave region. The variations of the intrinsic dielectric response of both systems with RE ion substitution are discussed in terms of changes in their dielectric polarizabilities. It is proposed that the covalency of the RE-O bonds play an important role in the evolution of dielectric permittivity as well as in the sign of the temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency.


Anchor explosion-resisting technique is an important technique measure for improving the explosion-resistance of underground cavern. In this paper,the current research state of internal and foreign anchor explosion-resisting techniques are summarized,including fully bonded bolt explosion-resisting technique,pre-stressed cable bolt explosion-resisting technique,bolt cable bolt explosionresisting technique,yielding bolt explosion-resisting technique and end wave absorbing bolt explosion-resisting technique. Based on the summarization,the existing problem in the research of anchor explosion-resisting technique is analyzed,and the research work which should be carried out in future is pointed out.


The utility model discloses a food preservation box which comprises a fixed cover. A sunken plane is arranged in the middle of the fixed cover, a protruding portion which has a width and a thickness is surrounded on the periphery of the sunken plane, and wide-side fixed buckles and long-side fixed buckles are arranged on the periphery of the protruding portion in symmetric mode. The food preservation box is further provided with a preservation box body, an opening border which has a width and a thickness is arranged at the opening end of the preservation box body, and a silicon ring is arranged between the preservation box body and the fixed cover. The outer edge of the silicon ring fits with the opening border and the outer border of the protruding portion of the fixed cover. The inner border of the silicon ring fits with the opening border and the inner border of the protruding portion of the fixed cover. A manner of adhesive dispensing of a machine is utilized by the silicon ring to be connected with the opening border. The preservation box further comprises a glass cover which is arranged between the silicon ring and the fixed cover, so that the problems that food in a traditional preservation box is directly contacted with a plastic cement cover, and a plasticizer which is generated by plastic cement can be brought to the food to trigger food safety are solved.


Even though fashion and architecture seem to be two different concepts, they have been an inseparable-integral part of each other for down the ages. When people needed for shelters, they needed to cover their bodies at the same time. Social events happening for centuries, sociological and psychological situations have profoundly affected places as well as fashion. While this case provides an interdisciplinary communication, it has also displayed architects that are influenced by developments in fashion; and fashion designers that are influenced by architectural structures. For instance, Zaha Hadid, a star architect, designed her own clothes and shoes in harmony with buildings she designed while, on the other hand, the famous fashion designer, Huseyin Caglayan did not merely design his clothes and costumes but he also integrated them with the environment. In his immigration-themed work, he introduces us with a wearable and movable architectural place through converting seats into suitcases, tables to skirts. In that sense, fashion and indoor concepts within fashion's and architecture's affinity to each other will be discussed. During 2015-2016 spring educational year, 3rd grade (junior) students from the Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Faculty of Fine Arts, Selcuk University, were asked to make a costume design that are in the same place and belongs to the same period with research subjects selected from architectural, interior movements in History of Modern Interior Architecture lesson. Study process continued with the instructor and a fashion designer. Data gained from elements of the place for 15 weeks were later transferred into costumes with different drawings and collage techniques. Abstraction and stylization methods were used in the study. As a result, with the data gained from the studies conducted, reflection of the connection between fashion and architecture on indoors, conjunction of different disciplines and perspectives of the students improved. The study serves as a model in the field.


While most Canadian parents ensure that their children are immunized on time, some are hesitant about vaccina tion, delay vaccinations or outright refuse recommended vaccines. This practice point offers clinicians evidencebased guidance on how to work with vaccine-hesitant par ents, especially those with safety concerns. Suggested steps include: understanding the specific parental vaccine con cerns; using motivational interviewing techniques; staying on message and using clear language to present evidence of disease risks, and vaccine benefits and risks fairly and accurately; informing parents about the rigour of the vac cine safety system; addressing issues related to pain from immunization; and avoiding dismissal of children from a practice because parents refuse to immunize. Because im munization is one of the most important preventive health measures, responsible for saving literally millions of lives, addressing the concerns of vaccine-hesitant par ents must be a priority for health care providers.


Abstract The problem of modelling dispersed phase liquid-liquid reactors is discussed from a global view. The two major areas of microscopic and macroscopic problems are addressed. The microscopic problem is concerned with the determination of the local rate of transfer of reactants and/or products between the two phases. Attention is focussed on approaches to obtain kinetic data; and results on recent important chemical systems such as nitrations, metal chelation reactions, and phase transfer catalytic reactions are discussed. The liquid jet recycle reactor is pointed out as a useful tool for obtaining laboratory data. Recent works employing the classical film and penetration theories to obtain flux expressions for complex reactions are described. The macroscopic problem deals with the reactor design question. Various models proposed to account for macromixing and/or micromixing effects are categorized into noninteraction and coalescence- dispersion or interaction models. The former approach includes the...


Japan's methods of dealing with the representatives of the Western press and the English-language newspapers of East Asia went through five overlapping stages that mixed persuasion and negotiation with tight, well-financed organization, an aggressive 'cold war', and finally, in the run-up to all-out war in China and the Pacific. This chapter describes how the English- language newspapers of East Asia appeared from an official Japanese perspective. It examines both hostile developments and compromises reached in the relationship between these newspapers and individual journalists and the Foreign Ministry of Japan. It identifies some of the factors leading to the formation of the independent English- language press networks that would also contribute to their eventual harassment and closure. The chapter discusses the Foreign Ministry and other authorities working through a succession of national news agencies and newspapers, and contracting Tokyo correspondents to burnish Japan's image in reports sent to leading Western newspapers.Keywords: China; cold war; English-language newspapers; Japan; national news agencies; Pacific; Western press


Introduction: Albuminuria is a common and sensitive marker of glomerular injury in SCD, and typically precedes the development of renal insufficiency. We have previously observed that clinical measures of renal function (including serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen) are significantly associated with SCD-associated pulmonary hypertension (PHT), a complication associated with increased hemolysis. However, the pathogenesis of albuminuria in SCD patients remains uncertain. The purpose of this exploratory study was to evaluate the association of albuminuria with laboratory measures of hemolysis and hemolysis-related complications in SCD. Methods: Consecutive adult patients followed at the Sickle Cell Clinic at UNC-Chapel Hill were selected onto this ongoing study. Spot urine for microalbumin/creatinine ratio (to assess albumin excretion rate [AER]), serum measures of renal function, markers of hemolysis and other laboratory studies were obtained at the time of evaluation. Doppler echocardiography was used to determine the pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and PHT was subsequently defined using an age-, sex- and BMI-adjusted reference range. We evaluated for associations between microalbumin/creatinine ratio and 25 clinical and laboratory covariates using Spearman's correlation coefficient for continuous covariates, and the rank sum test for categorical covariates. Reported p-values are for individual tests, unadjusted for multiple comparisons. Results: Spot urine samples were available in 73 of the 74 evaluated subjects (SS = 62, SC = 8, Sb 0 = 3, Sb + = 1), mean age, 39.4 years (range 18–71 years). Normoalbuminuria (AER Conclusion: In this exploratory study, we found that albuminuria is common in patients with SCD, and is associated with PHT, leg ulcers, systolic blood pressure and laboratory measures of hemolysis. This finding suggests that hemolysis may contribute to the pathogenesis of albuminuria in SCD. The correlation between microalbumin/creatinine ratio and other measures of renal function suggests that microalbuminuria may predict for SCD-associated glomerulopathy. Longitudinal studies evaluating the relationship between microalbuminuria and progressive renal failure in SCD patients are warranted.


Owning to the uncertainty,dynamic state and complexity in manufacturing environment of virtual enterprise,multi-agent technology was induced to production management system.Multi-agent technology can realize the respondence and intelligence of production system.By capability match of agent we can realize the task decomposition,distribution and scheduling.The task decomposition in the production operational management draws on WBS structure in project management.Contract net protocol is proposed to resolve the task distribution problems in production process of virtual enterprise.The multi-agent model establishing provides a new viewpoint for virtual enterprise production operational management.


To provide a video surveillance system and method incorporating the use of video information in combination with the acquired audio information from the area being monitored. A novel video surveillance system includes a video and audio compression engines, storage devices, as well as video and audio recognition engine. Video recognition engine, face recognition, detects an event, such as motion detection, audio recognition engine, such as a cry or panic voice screams like or foamed or explosion sound, voice indicating a potential alarm situation and detecting the characteristics of other sounds. Combining recognition of audio and video signals, to improve the true alarm monitoring system reduces the false alarm levels. Furthermore, the audio recognition engine, provides information for directing the video camera in the direction of the target, to allow capturing the object scene in better. .Field


In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph. "Looking back on my formal schooling years, I have realized that my life has taken a series of U-turns. I have always had a Type-A, perfectionist personality. I also though that I knew exactly where I wanted to go and I was in a huge rush to get there. By shaking up my plans and changing my perspective, God has taught me to trust in His plan for my life, to enjoy the journey and not worry about reaching the next destination because He is already there." This alumni corner is available in Verbum: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/verbum/vol14/iss1/10 Olga Chernavin (2009) A Fisher Alumna I have recently joined the Fisher Alumni Board and am going back to campus much more frequently. "In his heart a man plans his course, but the Lord determines his steps." (Proverbs 16:9) Looking back on my formal schooling years, I have realized that my life has taken a series of U-turns. I have always had a Type-A, perfectionist personality. I also thought that I knew exactly where I wanted to go and I was in a huge rush to get there. By shaking up my plans and changing my perspective, God has taught me to trust in His plan for my life, to enjoy the journey and not worry about reaching the next destination because He is already there. I graduated from a local high school in three years instead of four. I only applied to two colleges because I was convinced that I knew where I wanted to go and what I wanted to study. I decided to go to Roberts Wesleyan College and major in marketing and psychology. However, during my final year of high school, I met my husband. We got engaged and were married three months into my college journey. Meeting my husband caused me to rethink the vision that I had for my life. Living in a big city and traveling for work no longer held the appeal it once did. I changed my major to adolescent education with a focus in social studies and special education. At the end of my first year of college, we welcomed our beautiful baby girl Angelica. Once again, this major life change caused me to reevaluate other areas of my life. St. John Fisher College was one of two colleges that I had applied to originally. With the change in majors and the need for a shorter commute I decided to look into transferring to Fisher. I was welcomed as a transfer student and started my Fisher journey in the fall of 2007. Fisher's reputation as a great college for teaching is a well-deserved one. I can honestly say that all the professors I had were very knowledgeable and approachable. I learned about myself as a student and how the process of acquiring knowledge works. To this day I stay in touch with many of them through social media and they are always willing to lend a hand if needed. I graduated with my Bachelor's Degree in the spring of 2009. I became a substitute teacher shortly after graduation. Being in the classroom made me realize that I really enjoy working with younger students as well. Since I did not expect to find a long term or full time teaching position right away, I applied to Nazareth and was accepted into their changing level Childhood education program that July. That August, I was offered and accepted a long term teaching position in a 12-1-1 classroom. After being a substitute teacher for several years and many interviews later, I finally landed what I thought was my dream job. I got to go back and teach at the high school from which I had graduated. My former teachers were now my colleagues. I taught 11 and 12 grade social studies. My life was going according to plan. I finished my formal education, welcomed another beautiful daughter and now was looking forward to a thirty plus year career with a great school district. Sadly, this vision quickly burst when I was laid off two years later due to budget cuts. I was devastated. It felt like I was back to square one. I had not updated my resume or written a cover letter in years. Luckily I had access to two great career centers, one at Fisher and one at Nazareth. By using these tools, I was able to apply for quality jobs outside of the teaching field. I was hired as a financial advisor six months later. The work was grueling but the training classes that this company offered were fantastic. With their help I was able to get my Life, Accident and Health license as well as pass the Series 6 and 63 investment exams. Much of the studying was done independently and I was able to do it with God's help and because of the study skills and critical thinking that I had developed in college. After a year with this company, I came to realize that the long hours were not conducive to quality family time. Through the networking and relationships that I developed while working for this company, I learned about a position at M&T Bank that I thought would be perfect. I was offered my current position at the same time that the district that I had worked for recalled me to my teaching position. I was faced with a difficult choice. Do I go back to teaching or do I continue on this new career path that I find equally enjoyable? After much prayer and discussion with my family I decided to accept the position with M&T Bank as a relationship banker. This is where one fateful morning I met Father Costanzo. Upon learning that I was a Fisher graduate he asked me to write about my experience at Fisher and my life after Fisher. I treasure my memories of being a student at Fisher and am very grateful for the opportunity to have studied there with some fantastic individuals. I have recently joined the Fisher Alumni Board and am going back to campus much more frequently. The Alumni Board is open to any Fisher graduates who want to give back to Fisher through their ideas, experience and expertise. We meet monthly to talk about new developments at Fisher, plan alumni events and give our insight to help with policy creation. It is a great way to reconnect with the Fisher community and see what great things are in store. I am very happy with the way my career life has turned out. God knew what He was doing even when I did not. Though my college experience I never pictured myself in a bank setting. However, I truly love my job and get to teach people every day about ways to use the bank, how to be smarter with their finances and how to save money. When families and individuals have a solid financial understanding and plan, it helps them to live happier lives and it leads to a better community.


Purpose – Changing industry dynamics can significantly impact the fortunes of companies. This creates a need for them to have an effective linkage of industry analysis and strategy process as a source of competitive advantage. The purpose of this paper is to describe how Nokia, a major global manufacturer of equipment solutions and services for network operators and corporations, implemented an effective method for dynamic industry analysis linked to strategy making with positive results.Design/methodology/approach – This study is part of an ongoing research project that tracks the strategic direction of Nokia and took place between 1997 and 2003. Internal documents, databases, archival and interviews were collected and analyzed.Findings – This article examines how companies could become more competitive by using forward looking industry analysis in their strategy process. Industry analysis within the strategy process helped Nokia to become the world leader in mobile communications equipment, and prominen...