Submitted for the SHOCK11 Meeting of The American Physical Society MD simulation of condense phase detonation using a Moving Window technique MIKALAI BUDZEVICH, VASILY ZHAKHOVSKY, University of South Florida, CARTER WHITE, Naval Research Laboratory, IVAN OLEYNIK, University of South Florida — The structure of steady detonation waves in solid energetic material (EM) was investigated using a newly developed Moving Window molecular dynamics (MW-MD) technique. The unique feature of this method is its decoupling of simulation time from the propagation distance, which allows us to simulate the steady regime of detonation. The MW-MD technique is applied to the modified AB model of a detonating EM. The standard AB model involves very fast chemical reactions, which lead to a very narrow reaction zone. Therefore, the parameters of the AB model were modified to produce a reaction zone width comparable with the transverse dimension of the sample. The structure of the detonation front and associated atomic-scale processes are discussed. Vasily Zhakhovsky University of South Florida Date submitted: 23 Feb 2011 Electronic form version 1.4


Glass Ionomer Cement supports the overlying restoration with least amount of shrinkage and good adaptation to dentin walls. It used as a luting agent for post and core restoration. GIC was used to coat and protect the apical cone and prevent micro leakage. This paper reports the management of a mandibular second molar tooth in an 18-year-old patient with root canal treatment using a new method to seal a canal with single cone protaper universal gutta percha and glass-ionomer as sealer.


Marital status agreements have emerged increasingly in varying forms while China's civil legislation has not made explicit provisions on the efficacy of these agreements and judicial practices have shown the provision of diverse definitions.Marital status agreements,as a means of women's salvation from experiencing domestic violence and extramarital affair,are different from the normal civil contract.However,marital status agreements that have been based on gender inequalities could give rise to intricate problems in actuality.Therefore,it is not through agreements but legislation,public policy as well as appropriate institutional arrangement that rights of women who have been violated can be truly protected.


On 8 November 2013, Super Typhoon Yolanda (internationally, "Haiyan"), a category-five typhoon, traversed the central Philippines. It was reportedly the strongest recorded storm ever to hit land, with winds over 300 km h -1 and storm surges over 4m around coastal towns of the central Philippines. Total losses from the storm were PHP 571.1 billion (USD 12.9 billion); the estimate for Leyte Province was PHP 9.4 billion. In Leyte, the typhoon almost totally destroyed most crops, fishing boats and gear, aquaculture infrastructure, seaweed farms, mangroves, onshore facilities, and markets. The Leyte Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan was initiated to restore the economic and social conditions of the people in Leyte to at least pre-typhoon levels, and to establish greater disaster resiliency. However, to simply reestablish pre-typhoon conditions would be a missed opportunity. The tragedy should be used to foster sustainable and climate-resilient agri-fisheries in the province of Leyte. The typhoon calamity demonstrated that the current practice of mono-cropping (or monoculture) is unsustainable and not resilient to climate change. Agriculture systems that are small-scale and labor-intensive, with diverse crop strategies that consider on-farm, farm-related, and off-farm food and income generation should be developed. Fisherfolk and coastal communities need holistic programs that ensure destroyed areas are sustainably rebuilt with a long-term perspective. Premium fisheries programs should develop the capacity of fisherfolk to diversify their income sources. The focus should be on the link between nutrition and agrifisheries to improve nutrition. This would involve incorporating crops with various nutritional values, crop duration, seasonality, and resilience to the changing climate into farms, home and school gardens. Successful post-disaster recovery will require an effective partnership with the local people. To be sustainable, the local people must take ownership of the development project; this requires knowledge and sensitivity to local cultures, beliefs, and practices.


This article focuses on the issue of rehabilitation of patients with motor impairment using computer games. The rehabilitation industry has been experiencing a boom in recent years, coupled with the growing popularity of virtual reality technology, a drop in prices for these technologies and the expansion the entertainment industry in the form of computer games. We are trying to create a computer game system designed for home rehabilitation of patients. The aim of this article is to devise with a subset of motor impairment assessment of patients with the intention of adapting the demands of computer games based on the physical abilities of a particular patient. We are all trying to keep this system at the level available to a regular home user.


Increasing the technical strength of businesses is an important way to break through the technical barrier to trade, while increasing the technical capacity and capital investment, and strengthening the development and management of human resource are significant measures for increasing the technical strength of businesses.


The effect of the change in concentration of electrolyte solutions on the optical properties of nanoparticles of cadmium sulfide formed in a polymeric matrix volume by the method of layered chemisorptions of ions is considered. It is shown, that with increase in concentration of cadmium ions in a solution at equal quantity of the cycles the band gap of nanoparticles decreases. It is explained by that with an increase in concentration of cadmium ions in electrolyte solutions the degree of filling adsorption centers increases. This leads to the decrease in distance between the particles, and promotes the acceleration of the coalescent process of nanoparticles in polymeric matrix volume.


A model has been developed to predict the yield of flip-chip solder assemblies based on calculated solder shapes. It is a physical model considering a limited number of physical factors such as the mean and the standard deviation of the solder volume distribution, the assembly warpage, the die size, and the number of inputs/outputs (I/O's). The main features of the model are: (1) the quick calculation of the solder height of every solder joint out of hundreds or thousands of connections; (2) the definition of failure criteria to determine the assembly yield. The quick calculation is accomplished by the use of a force model to estimate molten solder's normal reaction force corresponding to the solder's height, volume, circular pad diameter and surface tension coefficient. The failure criteria are height limits determined using surface evolver, which is a public tool for solder shape estimation. Outside the height limits, it is difficult to achieve convergent solutions; therefore, the limits are chosen as failure criteria since they implied large potential manufacturing variations in solder shapes. To illustrate the modeling capability, a case with 1 cm/spl times/1 cm chip, 1024 I/O's is studied. The model shows that a standard deviation of 25% for 4.48 e/sup -7/ cm/sup 3/ mean solder volume produces low yields. The variance of 19% for 4.48 e/sup -7/ cm/sup 3/ is required for a 100% yield.


It is proposed that action research is an appropriate methodology for studying wikis, and is akin to research 'the wiki way'. This proposal is contextualised within the case of Wikiversity, a project of the Wikimedia Foundation. A framework for a participative research project is outlined, and challenges and implications of such a methodology are discussed. Editors: Andreia Santos (Open University, UK). Reviewers: Rob Nadolski (Open University, NL), Ray Corrigan (Open University, UK), and Andreia Santos (Open University, UK).


In this study, black pine and Lebanon cedar plantations realized in 1999 and 2001 in Karhın river and Karaveran watersheds located in Çorum were examined. For this purpose, sums of 24 experimental areas making 400 m in total were taken as 3 replications in plantation areas. In the experimental areas determined according to regions and aspects, the values of seedling height (cm), collar diameter (mm), survival percentage (%) of seedlings within the experimental areas were determined. Variance analysis was applied to average values obtained in the experimental areas. According to the results of the variance analysis, it was determined that there were differences both in the region and aspect in terms of survival percentage and seedling growth in black pine plantations. No differences were found in Lebanon cedar plantations. When the growth and survival percentage of both tree species were considered, it was observed that the plantations on the west aspects of the watersheds were more successful.


AbstractMass media, especially television, appears to be playing an increasingly important role in selecting and giving names. The media are providing a pool of potential names, associating them with particular social characteristics and presenting some names as more desirable than others. The practice of "naming after stars" illustrates how media can stimulate the use of certain positively-associated names. Negative name stereotypes may be created or confirmed by the media, especially by television drama, which may, consciously or unconsciously, lead to the depopularization of some names.


Some concerns have been advanced that the Italian economy would cause harm to the EMU. In this paper we will analyze the extent of divergence between the main Euro-zone countries and highlight the dynamics which produce such strains. In particular we will question the effective functioning of price and wage flexibility adjustments, which are presupposed in the present EMU framework, in the case of the Italian economy. The main findings are that such channels are not working as expected and some self-reinforcing process of divergence is in place. That depends both on the EMU and national institutional frameworks. Institutional reforms directed to flexibilise the labour market are not obtaining the expected results. Moreover, the German policies to increase competitiveness by controlling wages have exported tensions to Italy.


This paper aims to investigate and categorize all inequivalent and irreducible Z+-modules of a commutative unit Z+-ring A, equipped with set {1, x, y, xy} satisfying x2=1,y2=1 as a Z+-basis by using matrix equations, which was part of a call for a Special Issue about matrix inequalities and equations by Symmetry. If the rank of the Z+-module n≤2, we prove that there are finitely many inequivalent and irreducible Z+-modules, respectively, one and three. However, if n≥3, there is no irreducible Z+-module.


This paper describes a small scale fire endurance test program sponsored by the Naval Sea Systems Command to screen candidate thermal insulation systems for passive fire protection of aluminum structures.

An incombustible thermal Insulation system tested in 1–3/4 inch thickness provided the same degree of fire protection as three inches of a more conventional insulation, mineral wool, at a savings in insulation weight of over sixty percent.


The selection of semiconductor hardware best suited for a given electronic system function is becoming more difficult as the number and the performance capability of the available semiconductor technologies increase. For the designer of radiation-hardened electronics the choice is further complicated by the operating environment. Tradeoffs between performance in these adverse environments and cost and availability of the components add to the complexity of the decision.


The accuracy of a wavefunction obtained by the author using a transcorrelated procedure is determined using a numerical method. The investigation shows that the wavefunction is of about the same accuracy as the corresponding variational wavefunction. It is shown that a slight modification to the author's calculation gives a wavefunction which is more accurate than the variational wavefunction. None of the transcorrelated wavefunctions examined here is as accurate, however, as the 12-term wavefunction of Kolos and Roothaan.


Abstract A collection of large mammals was recovered from Pleistocene sediments in the Prescott Valley, Yavapai County, Arizona, during an excavation in 1984. We described specimens of Mammuthus cf. columbi, Equus cf. conversidens, Camelops, and Bison from this locality. These are the first reported occurrences of E. conversidens and Camelops in Yavapai County. The mammoth and horse were subadults and the bison and camel were juveniles. Excellent preservation of the mammoth indicated a rapid burial and comparisons to other mammoths suggested the individual was a small male. A radiocarbon date of 13,410 years before present, from fluvio-lacustrine sediments encasing the mammoth, provided a late Pleistocene age for the fauna. The grazing nature of this fauna indicates prevalent grasslands during the end of the Pleistocene in Prescott Valley.


Permission to include this item in the University of Lethbridge Institutional Repository was granted by Dr. Daniel T.L. Shek, Professor, Department of Social Work,
The Chinese University of Hong Kong.


When guano bats, Tadarida brasiliensis, inhale ammonia in air mixtures, carbon dioxide is passively retained in sufficient amounts to neutralize alkali excess resulting from increased blood ammonia levels. There is no change in blood carbon dioxide levels in house mice, Mus musculus. Little brown bats, Myotis lucifugus, are intermediate in this respect. Passive carbon dioxide retention is clearly related to ammonia tolerance in these mammals. See full-text article at JSTOR


Regenerative medicine's potential to revolutionise health care is now a well-told story, but it is a story still in progress - one in which success has been limited, and happy endings are few and far between.


The author points out the improvement of tribological behaviour of a Co-Cr-Mo alloy surface modified with a nanocrystalline diamond layer by RF-PCVD. With this surface treatment it is possible to decrease the friction coefficient and wear rate of the implant alloy in respect to untreated material.


The IASB and the FASB have recently re-evaluated the current model underlying loan loss accounting (the 'incurred loss'). Taking into consideration the G20's advice on using more forward-looking information, they introduce a new approach (the 'expected loss' model). This paper reviews the academic literature to shed some light on the new expected loss models when applied to the financial industry. The accounting literature discussed in this study outlines both general theoretical findings and empirical evidence that help to infer the potential impact of the new models. Given the link between loan loss impairment and accounting conservatism as well as earnings management, we explore these concepts from both a theoretical and empirical perspective. Indeed, the discretion envisaged in the new models may provide a potential tool for increased earnings management than at present under the current guidelines. Both models are more conservative than the current approach, but given the differences in the type of conservatism that the two new models entail, conditional and unconditional, we argue that the two proposals will provide different types of information and in this way lead to distinct economic consequences. Additionally, institutional factors and firm characteristics will also have a major impact on the way the models are used. Moreover, we also suggest new avenues for further research in conservatism and earnings management in an industry, the financial sector, where additional stakeholders show significant concerns regarding the economic impact of accounting information.


The objective of incorporating Sphere Decoder is to reduce the computational complexity of Maximum Likelihood Detector which improves SNR, reduces BER and less time consumption. In the proposed system, we present a radius selection algorithm which improves the performance of Sphere Decoder to reduce complexity in decoding part of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system based on Space Time Block Codes (STBCs) and Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) systems. Detectors like Maximum Likelihood detector (ML), V-BLAST and Zero Forcing Detectors (ZF) are used to detect the errors at the receiver side. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation technique, Rayleigh fading channel, MIMO-HARQ and STBC process are used for this implementation. The Sphere Decoder's internal parameters like radius(r), Euclidian distance (d), centre point level (c), level of sphere partition (k) are modified to achieve high throughput communication at the receiver side. The main idea of this work is searching over the noiseless possible received signal that lies within a hypersphere of radius (r) around the actual received signal. The Sphere Decoder decodes the data by dividing the data to different levels of hypersphere and then it decodes only the near lattice points simultaneously which reduces the consumption of time. The average delay and average data rate with SNR are compared for both STBC and HARQ systems. Thus the simulation results show that the new approach achieves higher reduction in the exponential complexity of the received signals and use of ML detector is better than ZF and V-BLAST detectors with Sphere Decoder.


Pain is nowadays one of the major reasons for medical consultation worldwide. Pain is always a subjective experience, which is often verbally non-communicable. Sometimes it starts as acute pain arising from a disease (such as cancer), an injury (such as a road accident), or a post-surgical intervention; then it persists and becomes a disease itself (1-3). The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) definition of pain is accordingly the following: "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage" (1). Many people, however, report pain also in absence of tissue damage or any likely pathophysiological cause; usually this is due to psychological factors. For this reason pain has two components: a perceptive component, nociception, sensorial reception of the potential harmful stimulus to the central nervous system, and experiential component, individual, which is the psychological perception of an unpleasant sensation.


It is now around ten years since restorative practices (RP) began to have a strong presence in educational thinking in the United Kingdom, and this book represents a welcome and timely addition to ...


Having narrated the principle of suppositional restoring technique,the paper approached the two main problem.One is how to realize the mechanism of the protection of restoring card and soft ware whose technique has been widely applied to campus network and school public computer room.The other is whether there is a kind of code which can pierce through the protection of suppositional restoring technique.\;


This paper describes the results of the development of a robot for harvesting sweet-peppers in greenhouses. A description is given of the working environment of the robot and its design objectives. The base of the robot consists out of two carrier modules. On the first, the manipulator, the control electronics and the computers are located. To assure maximum flexibility the realized manipulator prototype has nine degrees-of-freedom. On the second, the sensors and illumination are placed. The coupled modules can move in between the crop rows on the greenhouse rail system. The heights of the modules can be adjusted to match the height of the crop. On the sensor carrier module two 5 megapixel colour cameras and a Time of Flight camera are installed. The colour images and three dimensional (3D) data were calibrated and registered. Around the sensors, a lighting rig is placed to illuminate the scene. The sensor system is mounted on a linear motorized slide and can be horizontally moved in and out of the workspace of the manipulator. Machine vision software localises ripe fruits and obstacles in 3D. For fruit detection different approaches have been developed. One option is to initiate fruit detection by simple red colour blob detection. Another option is to perform fruit localization in two sequential steps. First Regions of Interest in the RGB image are selected which is suspected to contain target fruits. Next the fruit localization is performed in the corresponding 3D data, based on 3D point cloud template matching. Obstacle detection algorithms are used to localise plant stems and non-target fruits using the small baseline stereo images. In order to harvest the fruits, a motion planning module assures a collision free path for the manipulator to position the end-effector at the harvesting position. Two different types of end-effectors were designed and tested. The "Fin-Ray gripper" features a combined grip and cut mechanism. This end-effector first grips the fruit and after that the peduncle of the fruit is cut. The "Lip-type end-effector", first stabilizes the fruit using a suction cup after which two rings enclose the fruit and cut the peduncle of the fruit. Both end effectors have a miniature RGB and a ToF camera for refining the fruit position and to determine the fruit pose. The main software platform of the robot was implemented for the Linux operating system and uses the open source middleware Robot Operating System (ROS). The coordinating control structure is based on a finite state machine and includes diagnostic tools and performance measures. The system was tested under simplified laboratory conditions in 2013. During these early tests 189 out of 194 fruit could be detected (97%), 167 fruits could be reached (86% of all fruits) and 154 picked (79% of all fruits). In spring 2014 final system integration took place. In a commercial greenhouse it was proven that the system is able to harvest pepper fruits fully autonomously.


In order to study the effect of cholecystokinin octapeptide(CCK-8)of inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and IL-1β in rat pulmonary interstitial macrophages (PIMs) induced by lipopolysaccharide. Methods PIMs was isolated and cultured in the presence or absence of LPS, CCK-8, and vehicle. The expression of TLR4 mRNA and IL-1β mRNA was assayed by Northern blot and RT-PCR. IL-1β in the supernatant of culture media was detected by ELISA. Results TLR4 mRNA and IL-1β mRNA in rat PIMs were up-regulated by LPS(1mg/L). IL-1β production were increased by LPS incubation in a time-dependent manner. CCK-8, at concentrations of 10 -7 and 10 -6 mol/L, significantly inhibited the production of IL-1β and the expression of TLR4 mRNA and IL-1β mRNA. Conclusion The results indicated that CCK-8 negatively modulated the expression of TLR4 and IL-1β in rat PIMs induced by LPS. This may be one of the mechanisms for CCK-8 to alleviate inflammation in lung tissue during endotoxemia.


Based the working experience in laboratory,problems existing in experiment teaching of pesticide science were discussed,including innnovating experiment teaching idea,advancing quality of experiment personnel,establishing open laboratories,enriching teaching means,linking university and corprations.The suggestions about innovating experiment teaching were throwed out to cultivate talents of pesticide science adapting the development of modern technology.


Brewing technology of Xiamen soy sauce with "XiZi method" is introduced in this paper. The technology has two steps of brewing soy paste and brewing "KaiQing ", which uses old koji, brews with high-salt and high-gravity must, ferments with low-gravity must, and extracts sauce a few times. The product has the high quality with transparent bronzing color and with typical soy sauce flavor.


This chapter refers to Ronald Reagan and his supporters that questioned both Tip O'Neill's authenticity as a Catholic and his masculinity because he followed Maryknoll sisters' advice in opposing the Contras. It discusses how the Reagan administration interjected itself into Nicaraguan Catholic debates by promoting Cardinal Miguel Obando y Bravo as a true Catholic in contrast to Nicaragua's foreign minister, Maryknoll priest Miguel d'Escoto. It also sketches Reagan's portrayal of himself as defender of the pope during the 1984 campaign as he and his allies attacked Catholics for not defending their church after his reelection. The chapter mentions non-Catholics, who argued that true Catholics backed Reagan's Contra policy because the pope supported U.S. policy. It emphasizes how Reagan and his allies promoted the stereotype that Catholics should fall in line behind the pope.


The allergen primin and its precursor miconidin were collected by dynamic headspace technique from Primula obconica Hance and quantified and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The primin concentrations in leaves/stems and flowers (including pedicel and calyx) of P. obconica were 262 μg and 531 μg (g fresh plant material)−1, respectively, whereas miconidin concentrations were 92 μg (g fresh plant material)−1 in leaves/stems and 194 μg (g fresh plant material)−1 in flowers. The amounts of primin released from unchopped leaves/stems and flowers were 65.3 ng and 18.8 ng (g fresh plant material)−1 h−1, respectively. Dynamic headspace analysis of intact P. obconica plants showed that primin is also directly emitted from undamaged plants, although in smaller concentrations (6.2 ng (g fresh plant material)−1 h−1), whereas miconidin was only emitted in minute amounts (less than 0.4 ng (g fresh plant material)−1 h−1) both from intact plants and from unchopped plant parts. The possibility that primin from P. obconica could be a potential airborne allergen and therefore a source of airborne contact dermatitis is discussed.


Finite element models of hole-structure are built for analyzing hole-edge contact problems under thermal loads. In order to obtain accurate and reasonable numerical results, elastic model and elastic-plastic model are built in gradual improvement. In order to eliminate the influence of clamped support, a kind of artificial elastic boundary is proposed for simulating the boundary of holestructure. Numerical experiments show that elastic-plastic contact model with the elastic boundary is reliable and applicable for finite element analysis of hole-structure. Keywords-hole structure; thermal contact; elastic-plastic analysis


Abstract Goldberger et al. (1956) reported that excessive copper intake in adult birds caused accumulation of very large amounts of copper in the liver. "Iron rickets," a condition similar to rickets, is associated with excessive iron feeding in the presence of ample quantities of calcium and vitamin D. Sullivan et al. (1963) reported that added copper in the presence of inadequate iron had a detrimental effect on the blood of turkeys and it was suggested that caution be used in the use of salts to combat fungi and molds. This study was initiated to evaluate the effects of various levels of copper and iron on growth, body weight gains and survival. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Three groups of birds were used with six treatments per group and twenty birds per treatment. One replicate was used. In Group 1 (Table 2) 5 p.p.m. copper was added to the basal diet (Table 1) in all…


: Euphemism is a form of expression to soften words that are considered rude or inappropriate to be spoken or heard by others. Euphemisms are closely related to language that exists in every human life and have become manners or politeness in language. This euphemism is also often encountered in various mass media, one of which is newspapers. The formulation of the research problem, namely How are euphemisms in the editorial of the Pekanbaru daily newspaper Tribune: the study of semantic studies? The theories used in this research are theories related to euphemisms in the form of metaphors. This research uses a descriptive method. This study was conducted with the aim of describing, analyzing, interpreting, and concluding the euphemisms contained in the editorial of the Pekanbaru daily newspaper Tribune: a study of semantics. The benefits of this research are expected to increase the reader's knowledge about semantic studies, especially in the euphemism aspect of metaphorical forms. The method used in this research is descriptive. The results of the research obtained by the researcher, namely from 23 editorials in the September 2020 edition of the newspaper Tribun Pekanbaru, the researchers found 14 data on euphemisms for semantic studies.


Recent marine projects have extended the range of applications for GE's LM aeroderivative gas turbines in commercial marine markets. The world's first all gas turbine-powered cruise ship, GTS Millennium, entered service in June 2000. The in-service performance of the combined gas turbine electric and steam system (COGES) will be discussed further in this paper.


This paper attempted to discuss the affection of applied composition which caused by different creative thinking, it figured out that a right logos could present the scientificity of thinking and guide meaning.It also pointed out people could not put their thinking on a very narrow cognition and usage about a single ability,only the creativity of thinking could achieve the advance and the conformity of many different ideations,such as the applied ideation,the refine ideation,the ideation of distinguishing and choosing information and the ideation of making chapters have appropriate styles,only the creativity of thinking could exhibit varied abilities of writing all together.And just the exact cognition of quality about the creativity of thinking,then the abilities of writing could have a high level.


Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore the thesis that the domestic structural milieu (i.e. the state‐society relationship) provided a crucial link in the policy process of intergovernmental attempts to prevent and control ocean pollution from ships and oil during the period 1974–1978. Essentially, it is argued that the ability of political leaders to mobilize domestic resources toward environmental objectives is dependent upon the structure of the domestic political system (i.e. the intragovemmental framework), and the relationship between public and private actors (public‐private structure). In order to test this hypothesis, the study utilizes both aggregate and case study data. As predicted, both aspects of the state‐society relationship are found to be positively related to national support for ocean pollution regulation within the context of advanced industrial countries. In addition, suggestions are made for future research along these lines in order to further develop the linkage between ...


When a control chart for attributes data is based on a large sample size, one often finds that the control limits are narrow, and that many observations fall outside the control limits. The narrow control limits, which are caused by the large sample siz..


Peptide-type agents: Unique issues and analytical methods for pharmacokinetics and metabolism studies with protein/peptide pharmaceuticals, Marjorie A. Mohler et al Immuno and other "biological" approaches in pharmacokinetics, D. Gygax et al Analytical strategies for a new peptide drug, R.F. Venn et al A sensitive sandwich chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for the determination of administered salmon calcitonin in human plasma, S.H. Hsu et al Analytical procedures for monitoring high mol. wt. fragments derived from the rRicin immunotoxin ZD 0490 in human plasma, S.J. Bacon et al Sample preparation and subsequent steps: strategies for peptides and peptidomimetics, H.M. Hill et al LC-MS profiling of peptidomimetics and peptides from biological sources, G.C. Didonato et al. Agents with peptide-type targets: Development and cross-validation of RIA and LC-MS-MS- methods for determining the fibrinogen-receptor antagonist L-734,217 in plasma, J.D. Gilbert et al Retention of fibrinogen in ion-exchange HPLC: evidence for a domain binding model, Y. Liu, D.J. Anderson Bioanalitical strategies to support the development of an HIV protease inhibitor, including GC-MS, HPLC and chiral analysis, C.A. James et al Analysis of pseudopeptidyl matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors in plasma, J. Moore et al. Various drug analytes - problems and strategies: Brain distribution of CNS-active drug studies by microdialysis coupled with MS-MS (TSP) in flow injection mode, C. Nuez et al A highly sensitive GC method for determining deramciclane and its N-des metabolite in rat and dog plasma, Katalin B. Nemes et al A sensitive, specific and rugged determination of flesinoxan in plasma by HPLC-EC, D.J.K. van der Stel et al Determination of the 5-HT receptor agonist 311C90 in human plasma by LC-MS-MS, S. Pleasance et al LC-MS-MS assay of fenticonazole in human plasma, T.A. Enos et al Development and application of the LC-MS-MS bioanalytical assays - myths and realities!, R.J. Simmonds et al A strategy for the development of bioanalytical methods using LC-MS, C. Mason et al Ultra-trace bioanalysis: three approaches for assay of a novel pharmaceutical at the pg/ml level, M. Bayliss et al Drug bioanalysis made easy? W.J. Lough et al Fluorometric detection of non-fluorescent quinolones after post-collum photoreaction, K. Borner et al Compounds posing an endogenous blank problem: retinoids, T.A.G. Noctor Chiral-HPLC resolution of carboxyibuprofen, a major urinary metabolite of ibuprofen, S.C. Tan et al An HPLC assay directly on plasma using an ISRP, S. Braggio, R.J. Barnaby. (Part contents).


Bacterial wilt is an important constraint to tomato production. The search for an effective and safe method of managing bacterial wilt is imperative. Chitosan, a deactylated chitin was reported to possess direct antimicrobial property against certain pathogens and is a plant resistance booster. This study was conducted to: evaluate the effectiveness of varying chitosan concentrations and sources against bacterial wilt and and in vitro in vivo compare different application methods in bacterial wilt control. Varying chitosan concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm) immersed/dissolved in water, 1% acetic acid, and streptomycin were evaluated against in laboratory and pot R. solanacearum experiments. Three chitosan sources were also evaluated against the pathogen. Different methods of application were compared. Regardless of source, chitosan in water has no direct antimicrobial activity against but when dissolved 1% acetic acid, it was R. solanacearum able to inhibit the bacteria. Inhibition of chitosan/acetic acid was best at 300 ppm and significantly higher than 1% acetic acid alone indicating that its antimicrobial property was enhanced by the acid. Two hundred ppm chitosan/acetic acid-treated plants delayed the onset of disease and produced the lowest percentage infection, lowest disease severity rating, and highest percentage survival in inoculated tomato. The action of 200 ppm chitosan/acetic acid treatment was due to a dual effect, i.e., antimicrobial and as an elicitor of resistance. All application methods were effective in controlling bacterial wilt but one time root dipping to 200 ppm chitosan/acetic acid before transplanting was enough to protect the plants against the disease.


A fast method for calculating the scattering field of the complex target coated with radar absorption material(RAM) is given.The target is divided into several surfaces and edges,and the radar cross section(RCS) is calculated using physical optics,the impedance boundary condition(IBC),the method of equivalent current(MEC) and the physical theory of diffraction.Compared with the RCS of the target without RAM and the result in related literature,the obtained result agrees well with the result in literature and the prediction,which shows that the presented method is simple and the obtained result is rather exact.


Changes in the academic community are slow and the "Bologna process" has been welcomed and recognized as a long needed trigger for change in the engineering education. We started by recognizing the present state-of-the-art of CE (civil engineering) education in Europe and world. A 3+2+3 educational model has been chosen, maximum work load of students has been set and the core CE and optional subjects were fitted in the frame set. As the results of this intensified work new teaching and evaluation methods were introduced, as well as innovative method of integrating specialist studies with life-long-learning of engineers. Defined is the QA/QC strategy and the Faculty has introduced HRN EN ISO 9001:2000. Encountered are also problems like: small wages that make educational jobs less attractive ; academic society is closed and does not enable transfer of people to-and-from industry thus preventing experienced engineers from entering academia ; applied practical sciences are taught by people that have little or no practical experience ; only research results published in international journals are evaluated for promotions of teachers while their impact on our everyday life is none ; teaching and research equipment are distributed based on previous research records which makes it impossible for small universities to advance ; mobility of students and teachers is low even within Croatia ; there is a great danger that we educate good bureaucrats instead of creative engineers and teachers. We strongly feel that these problems should be recognized at the national level as they could endanger positive results of the initiated changes.


A study was made of the reaction of transesterification of soybean oil by means of methanol,using NaOH as catalysts.The operation variables used were the molar ratio of methanol to oil,catalyst concentration,and temperature.The evolution of the process was followed by gas chromatography,determining the concentration of the methyl oleate at defferent reaction times.The results indicated that the optimal conditions for the transesterification of soybean oil are methanol to oil molar ratio at 6∶1,1.0% NaOH(w%)of oil and room temperature.The biodiesel has very similar properties to those of biodiesel DIN V 51.606 IN Austria and diesel 0 # in China


A paper disc flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) method is described for the determination of cadmium (Cd) in blood, enabling difficulties in sample preparation to be minimized. By control of the ashing step the matrix can be removed without loss of cadmium. Problems with the fast signal response during atomization can be met by spectral band width and temperature control. At the 106 pg level (471 nmol Cd/1 blood; 5-3 mug/100 ml) the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0-06. Results in four industrial situations are reported. This description of the method should facilitate further investigation of its application to industry using capillary or venous blood.


Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Hominis Placenta Aqua-acupuncture Solution in patients of melasma. Methods: The treatment was performed twice weekly in 15 volunteer patients for 8 weeks by Hominis Placenta Aqua-acupuncture Solution. We used Melasma Area and Severity Index(MASI) to evaluate the severity of melasma. Results: MASI score was decreased from A to B and the significant clinical improvement was proved compared to before treatment. Conclusions: On the basis of this study, Hominis Placenta Aqua-acupuncture Solution is an effective treatment of melasma.


A novel stepping motor principle based on a pair of polyhedrons are proposed. At first, I will show the goal of my study and the design concept of high torque spherical motor. Next, the principle of the conventional stepping motor is reviewed. Then, I will explain how to expand the principle of the conventional stepping motor to the three dimensional space with an example of a regular hexahedron and a regular octahedron based spherical stepping motor. Some polyhedrons are introduced for the candidates of making the polyhedron based spherical stepping motors. The proposed spherical stepping motors will be wide working area and high-torque.


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although previous brain imaging studies of Wilson disease (WD) focused on the dopaminergic system, correlational data on the integrity of the pre-and postsynaptic compartments are lacking. The present study was initiated to intraindividually determine the integrity of these compartments in patients with WD. METHODS: A total of 46 patients with WD and 10 matched control subjects underwent [ 123 I]2 (cid:1) -carbomethoxy-3 (cid:1) -(4[ 123 I]iodophenyl)tropane ([ 123 I] (cid:1) -CIT) and [ 123 I]iodobenzamide ([ 123 I]IBZM) single photon emission CT (SPECT). For both radiotracers, specific striatal binding ratios (with the cerebellum as the reference region) were calculated after a standardized region-of-interest technique was applied. In addition, the severity of putative neurologic symptoms was evaluated by using a linear scoring system. RESULTS: In patients without neurologic symptoms, striatal binding ratios of both radio-tracers did not differ from those of the control group (13.8 (cid:2) 3.1 vs 12.0 (cid:2) 3.4 and 2.00 (cid:2) 0.19 vs 1.90 (cid:2) 0.27; n.s.). In symptomatic patients, however, striatal binding ratios for both [ 123 I] (cid:1) -CIT and [ 123 I]IBZM were significantly reduced (9.1 (cid:2) 2.3 and 1.64 (cid:2) 0.18; P < .001). In all patients with WD, the [ 123 I] (cid:1) -CIT and [ 123 I]IBZM binding ratios were significantly correlated ( r (cid:3) 0.65, P <


With the spreading of the internet and online procedures requesting a secure channel, it has become an inevitable requirement to provide the network security. It is very clear that firewalls are not enough to secure a network completely because the attacks committed from outside of the network are stopped whereas inside attacks are not. This is the situation where intrusions detection systems (IDSs) are in charge. IDSs are used in order to stop attacks, recover from them with the minimum loss or analyze the security problems. String matching algorithms are essential for IDS that filter packets and flows based on their payload. This work describes the concept of single keyword pattern matching algorithms. A new improved single keyword pattern matching algorithm is proposed. The new method reduces character comparisons, faster and more reliable in network security applications. The experimental results show that the new algorithm is highly efficient. Its search time is cut down significantly compared with other popular existing algorithms and its memory occupation stays at a low level. Moreover, conclusion on results is made and direction for future works is presented.


The source-term and dispersal models of plutonium aerosol in atmosphere are summarized in this paper,including the calculating method for cloud top height and cloud radius generated by explosive sources.The plutonium-aerosol parameters are described by the "Roller Coaster" test.The dispersal models include DIFOUT model,MACCS2 model,ERAD model,FEM3 model and ADAPT/LODI model.The characteristics of these models are analyzed and compared.Some aspects of the plutonium aerosol dispersal in atmosphere are discussed,such as the aerosol dispersal induced by abnormal fire.


Multidrug resistance (MDR) hampers chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). There is little information about MDR mediating drug transporters in HNSCC.


Parallel smoothing algorithms are developed for one and two dimensional systems. The two-dimensional algorithms are completely general and readily extend to the case of higher dimensions. These algorithms take advantage of the reciprocal nature (Markovianity) of the processes, and Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation philosophy to partition a discrete two-dimensional field into subregions where local statistically independent filtering is performed resulting in locally optimal ML estimates of local boundaries. Filtering is performed in a radial direction from the center of the subregion out towards the boundary of the subregion. Subsequently an interprocessor data exchange step follows where data with precise statistical interpretations are exchanged. Finally each subregion can be updated independently and in parallel, while processing radially inward from the boundary of the subregion towards the center of each subregion. This algorithm has a tree structure typical of divide and conquer algorithms and is well suited for implementation on a hypercube architecture. In addition this recursive implementation has the same structure as the Rauch-TungStriebel Algorithm. Several smoothing algorithms are developed in one dimension based upon the two-dimensional algorithms and more traditional algorithms suitable only for one-dimensional smoothing are developed. Both the one and two-dimensional algorithms have the property that the information communicated between processors is the optimal estimate of the state of the process based on an appropriate set of data. As a result a degree of fault tolerance in the smoothing algorithm exists. If a processor is unable to produce the desired information due to failure, the information computed by other processors has a statistical meaning sufficient to allow us the option of computing the optimal estimate based solely on the available information. Furthermore, it is a simple task to alter the algorithm to compute the estimate of the system based on a predetermined subset of the data. This is called Limited Support Estimation (LSE), and the parallel nature of the algorithms allow LSE schemes to be implemented efficiently, speeding up our algorithm in cases in which some of the data contributes only marginally to the accuracy of the smoothed estimate of a given state. A trade-off between accuracy and time is established, and optimal partitioning of the data is discussed. To aid in the analysis of the smoothing algorithms, general recursive estimation algorithms and square root recursive algorithms are developed to 2 produce ML estimates which account for the cases of both perfect measurements and states which are not completely estimable. Common recursive smoothing algorithms such as the Mayne-Fraser and Rauch-Tung-Striebel algorithm are developed for''the Separable Two Point Boundary Value descriptor Systems (STPBVDS). STPBVDS are general acausal one-dimensional systems which are used to construct models of two-dimensional systems with a radial time coordinate, and a state whose dimension changes with time. Thesis Supervisor: Alan S. Willsky Title: Professor, Electrical Engineering


The present invention discloses a low odor ABS / PVC / PETG alloy material and its preparation method. The low odor ABS / PVC / PETG alloy material, comprising the following parts by weight of component: ABS resin 30-80 parts, 40-60 parts of PVC resin, 10-20 parts of PETG resin, 1-5 parts of compatibilizer, 1-2 parts of a chemical deodorant. According to the ratio of each raw material was weighed, after mixing, melt-kneading, extrusion granulation. Low odor of the present invention is ABS / PVC / PETG alloy material having a low odor, smell testing to automotive interiors standard PV3900, injection molding can be easily processed into various shapes of parts, particularly suitable for injection molding into various automobiles interior parts.


Recently feedback laws of vaccination, isolation, and contact regulation for the control of human infectious diseases were proposed in the framework of control Lyapunov functions. This paper proves their robustness with respect to the inflow rate perturbation of immigrants and newborns by constructing an input-to-state stable (ISS) Lyapunov function on an arbitrarily large domain. In contrast to the aforementioned preceding results, the ISS Lyapunov function is constructed without invoking qualitative analysis resorting to the existence of a sufficiently small magnitude of the admissible inflow perturbations. This paper illustrates how we can compute a signed nonlinear gain function to evaluate the robustness of the controlled SIQR epidemic model.


Song Dynasty was a much more flourishing period for sericulture in history. Started with the farming poems in Song, it is revealed the prosperity and the progress in science and technology of sericulture, the silkworm market and folk customs and culture, tax system, as well as the profound social contradiction reflected.


For faster and more accurate battle damage level assessment,and to resolve the problems in traditional methods,the paper proposes BP neural network to assess the communication equipment damaged grade.In the paper,the factors that affect the level of battlefield damage are summarized,and a battlefield damage grade assessing neural network model is established.The test results show that the model has higher accuracy and military value if used for assessing communication equipment battlefield damage grade.


Samples of medium carbon steel were examined after heating between 900℃ - 980℃ and soaked for 45 minutes in a muffle furnace before quenching in palm oil and water separately. The mechanical behavior of the samples was investigated using universal tensile testing machine for tensile test and Vickers pyramid method for hardness testing. The microstructure of the quenched samples was studied using optical microscope. The tensile strength and hardness values of the quenched samples were relatively higher than those of the ascast samples, suggesting improved mechanical properties. However, samples quenched in palm oil displayed better properties compared with that of water-quenched samples. This behavior was traced to the fact that the carbon particles in palm oil quenched samples were more uniform and evenly distributed, indicating the formation of more pearlite structure, than those quenched in water and the as-received samples.


The RF- MEMS switch is disclosed for ON / OFF controlling the AC signal transmission operation. The RF- MEMS switches, and bonded to the upper surface of the first electrode, the first electrode connected to one terminal of an external power source, when applied to the bias signal from the power source to form a potential barrier (barrier) semiconductor layer, which is tinged with insulation, and it is produced in the semiconductor layer with a predetermined distance spaced apart position, is connected to the other terminal of the bias power when the signal is applied from the power source and a second electrode in contact with the semiconductor layer. Accordingly, even if the cut off after the bias signal is due to the recombination of electrons and holes in the semiconductor layers such as the charge storage phenomenon disappears and the resulting sticking phenomenon. MEMS, a semiconductor, PN- junction diode, the potential barrier


For the purpose of optimizing the extraction process of volatile oil from the Pinus tabulaeformis var.mukdensis Uyeki pine needle and providing scientific basis for its further development,the volatile oil was extracted from the Pinus tabulaeformis var.mukdensis Uyeki pine needle by vapor method.The effects of the particle sides,ratio of material to liquid,soaking time and extracting time on the extraction yield of volatile oil were studied through orthogonal experiment.Then,the chemical constituents of volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results showed that the optimum conditions for extracting the volatile oil from the Pinus tabulaeformis var.mukdensis Uyeki pine needle:particle size was 100,ratio of material to liquid was 1∶16,soaking time was 16 h,extracting time was 8 h;Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technology identified 23 compounds,accounting for 57.84% of the total volatile oil,including olefin tired accounted for 25.13%,12.2% aromatic hydrocarbon,lipid accounted for 9.54%,and a small amount of alcohol,ester compounds.


Abstract : During the late fall and early winter of 1984/1985, Gilbert/Commonwealth Inc. conducted an historical, architectural, and archeological investigation to identify and evaluate cultural resources within the area of the proposed Ecorse Creek Flood Control Project, Wayne County, Michigan. Two design alternatives were evaluated, these being the proposed channel-widening activities along the north and south branches of Ecorse Creek and the proposed development of six retention basins. This investigation resulted in the location of no existing unrecorded prehistoric sites, one unrecorded existing historic archeological site, and the evaluation of 136 pre-1946 standing structures. None of these resources were found to be potentially eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. Seventeen structures have been identified as having local significance, while twelve warrant further investigation. Recommendations were made for those potentially eligible properties found to be impacted by the proposed project.


The title compound, (CsCl)Cs2(TeV2O7)2, was obtained at 700 K during the crystallization of a mixed tellurium–caesium vanadate using tellurium tetrachloride as a transport agent. The structure consists of stacks of [V2TeO7] sheets alternately separated by layers of caesium atoms and layers of caesium and chlorine atoms. Within the sheets, the V atoms are distributed over two sites: a tetrahedral site containing V5+ ions and a square pyramidal site containing V4+ ions. The Te4+ ion lies within a tetrahedron formed by three O atoms and a lone pair. A maximum in the electron density is observed at the expected position of the lone pair.


The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for processing manure from poultry and livestock farms and for producing fertilizers and feed additives using poultry and livestock manure. The aim of the invention is to increase the ecological safety of industrial manure processing. This is achieved in that the manure processing device comprises fermenters, a device for supplying air to the fermenters and a device for removing gases from the fermenters. The invention differs from the prior art in that at least one fermenter is mobile or all of the fermenters are mobile, in that the mobile fermenter comprises a bottom, an intermediate bottom with holes, a side wall and a cover, and in that the volume between the cover and the intermediate bottom of the mobile fermenter ranges from 1.4 m 3 to 70 m 3 . Furthermore, the device for supplying air to the fermenters is designed so that it can be connected to a cavity between the bottom and the intermediate bottom by means of an air duct and the device for removing gases from the fermenters is designed so that it can be connected to a cavity between the intermediate bottom and the cover by means of a gas duct. The fermenter is designed so that a mixture can be loaded via a hatch (when the hatch cover is open) in the fermenter lid, or into the working cavity of the fermenter via an aperture when the fermenter lid is open, and the mobile fermenter is designed so that the mixture can be unloaded via a hatch (when the hatch cover is open) in the fermenter wall.


This paper studied the effects of different cultivation condition on production of potato in semiarid areas of Gansu,such as ridge and furrow sowing, bed-planting in seeding stage,flat planting sowing,as well as fertilizing amount and planting density and so on.The result indicated that ridge and furrow planting can increase the average yield by 72.0%,and increase the pure income by 1 050 yuan/hm2;bed-planting in seeding stage can increase the yield by 36.0% compared to flat planting sowing and cultivation;the suitable fertilizing amount of NPK compound fertilizer is 675 kg/hm2;and the suitable planting density is 4.8×104 plant/hm2.


ganda and intelligence-gathering activities, all enlarge our appreciation of the diversity of agendas operating in these popular venues. His discernment of a trend toward increasing "weight on the marriage of science and technology to the modern corporation as the blueprint for building a better tomorrow" (p. 7) affords us an important perspective in understanding the evolution of exposition "ideology" during this era. Business historians who may lament Rydell's lack of greater attention to the specific marketing and public relations activities at these fairs by business corporations, will still find substantial rewards in Rydell's study.


This paper focuses on the design of a controller for the throttle valve that is used in combustion engines for the purpose of adjusting air-fuel ratio. Due to the right-hand side discontinuities and uncertainties in the throttle body's mathematical model, sliding mode concept is utilized after the employment of feedback linearization techniques in the intermediate stages of design. Finally, the performance of the proposed controller is evaluated with the simulation and experimental studies.


Summary Introduction 1. Employed, yes - but precariously Facing precarious employment Hidden costs beyond the workplace 2. Squeezed down the supply chain The rise of global sourcing companies Employers' strategies down the chain Governments' strategies on labour laws and practices 3. Clothing the world Worldwide manufacturers face retailer and brand power Hemmed in: pressure down the supply chain Factory managers: passing it on the workers 4. Injustices in the fields Worldwide growers face supermarket superpowers Freshly squeezed: pressure down the supply chain Farm managers: passing it on to workers 5. Making trade work for women as workers Recommendations Appendix Notes


Rhenium dinitride (ReN2) is a newly synthesized layered transition metal dinitride. We present the first experimental investigation of the electrical transport properties of ReN2 by exfoliating the...


Background: Stroke is a global health problem and the second most common cause of death. It also entails a high socioeconomic burden due to increased mortality and morbidity. Despite substantial advances for treatment of stroke, effective primary stroke prevention remains the best means for reducing stroke burden.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study including 100 cerebrovascular patients and hundred non-cerebrovascular accident controls(age-sex matched) who were studied to determine the  incidence of various types of stroke and association of various modifiable risk factors with stroke.
Results: Incidence of ischaemic stroke was more than haemorrhagic stroke. Also, strong correlation exists between smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and stroke.
Conclusions: Effective management of these common risk factors can reduce the incidence, mortality and morbidity associated with stroke. Hence, primary prevention of stroke is of immense public health importance.


The Balkans are an area inhabited by many nations with completely different historicaltraditions and cultural backgrounds- Under the influence of the splitting of Europe, theBalkans were evidently divided into two parts: Western European cultural zone and EasternEuropean cultural zone. The Slavs moved southward and the invasion of the Balkans by theTurks inevitably intensified the contradictions in the Peninsu1a' The Balkan states wereengaged in the struggle for hegemony in this region and were fighting each otherincessantly. At the same time,every European power was striving to enlarge its own sphereof influence in the Balkans in order to control this important strategic point. So thesituation in the Balkans was turbulent all the time and became a "Powder Keg" in Europe.The Balkan history is also full of tragedies and the recent Kosovo crisis is only one ofthem.


The research project uses the video game as a strategy between the understanding of language and the visual representation, that is, The enigma of poetry, pursues the audiovisual translation that poetry verses awaken, by creating a universe that relates images with linguistic game. The student/player will solve the challengers involved in reading, understanding and interpreting a poem. It is intented to investigatewhether the change in the paradigm in presentation of poetry to tenn generates significant knowledge.


To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a mouth rinse with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hyaluronic acid (HA) versus a placebo mouth rinse on gingivitis.


The recreational amenity of Noosa Beach seaward of the expensive unit developments along Hastings Street has deteriorated since the construction of a rock seawall in 1968. This paper describes the engineering works undertaken at Noosa since then, including the relocation of the river mouth, construction of the Noosa Woods groyne, and beach nourishment. The paper also discusses the principal causes of the erosion problem and sum marises the investigations undertaken to date.


ArchOn is a new architecture-open, resource-driven, and layer-agnostic modelling method for large complex computing systems focusing on system performance and survivability metrics, including speed, throughput, and crucially, reliability. This paper describes first exploratory uses of ArchOn to model system operations under uncertainties in both the environment and system components. The resource-driven nature of ArchOn allows the modelling of uncertainty in terms of disruptions in the resource dependencies, which can relate to such real-world issues as single event upsets (SEUs) in hardware. A system solving a typical image processing problem serves as the example target system for this exploration. © 2014 Newcastle University. Printed and published by Newcastle University, Computing Science, Claremont Tower, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, England. Bibliographical details RAFIEV, A., ILIASOV, A., ROMANOVSKY, A., MOKHOV, A., XIA, F., YAKOVLEV, A. Resource-driven Modelling of Complex Digital Systems with Uncertainty [By] A. Rafiev, A. Iliasov, A. Romanovsky, A. Mokhov, F. Xia, A. Yakovlev Newcastle upon Tyne: Newcastle University: Computing Science, 2014. (Newcastle University, Computing Science, Technical Report Series, No. CS-TR-1413)


Methods and apparatus provide for a glass or glass ceramic substrate, including: a bulk layer; an enhanced positive ion concentration layer; and a reduced positive ion concentration layer, wherein the enhanced positive ion concentration layer contains substantially all modifier positive ions from the reduced positive ion concentration layer as a result of migration, the substrate does not include any further material thereon.


Investigations of the noise behavior of induction machines demand the calculation of the rotating force waves and thus the determination of the field-harmonics. The goal of this paper is to develop a method to compute the field-harmonics of a skewed induction machine using a multi-slice model.


Prior research has shown relations between peer victimization, aggression, and adolescent substance use. However, there is a need for further research in this area, especially among rural populations, as rural youth have high rates of substance use but less access to mental health resources in their communities. The present study examined relations between peer victimization, aggression, and substance use in a rural sample of 6th–12th graders. Older, nonminority students who endorsed aggression were more likely to have used alcohol only and alcohol plus marijuana, and also had the highest rates of alcohol use. Results highlight the need for multifaceted intervention and prevention programs and further research into the causal relations between peer aggression and substance use.


The study discusses planning a management function, the success or failure of achieving predetermined goals depends on planning The financial planning process rate and political stability in saving money, Two important aspects in the financial planning process (1) Cash planning, which includes the preparation of the company's cash budget. (2) Profit planning, corporate profit planning made in the form of a pro forma financial report. Interest rate, changes in interest rates will affect the value of a country's currency in general against the dollar. Currency trading rates (forex), interest rates, and inflation are all interrelated. An increase in the interest rate causes a country's currency to appreciate. Political Stability the political stability and economic performance of a country can affect the strength of its currency.


Information technology (IT) has changed our lives and many applications are based on IT. IT can be helpful for remote mental health care education. Because there are very few mental health care specialists, it is very important to decrease their moving time. But it is not easy to use the conventional TV conference systems for ordinary people, mental health care specialists, and their students because they are not computer specialists. For this reason, we have developed a WWW conference Chapter 4.6 Implementation and Performance Evaluation of WWW Conference System for Supporting Remote Mental Health Care Education Kaoru Sugita Fukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT), Japan Giuseppe De Marco Fukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT), Japan Leonard Barolli Fukuoka Institute of Technology (FIT), Japan Noriki Uchida Global Software Corporation, Japan Akihiro Miyakawa Nanao City, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan Copyright © 2009, IGI Global, distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. 1163 Implementation and Performance Evaluation of WWW Conference System system. Our system can communicate between the mental health care specialists and their students by using the live video on WWW browser. In this paper, we show the implementation and the evaluation of proposed system. The experimental results over the Internet show that our system can be used for real time communication between Fukuoka, Ishikawa, and Iwate prefectures.


Homegrown fruits and vegetables are gaining popularity in many metropolitan areas with several facets connected to the wider urban agriculture phenomenon. At the same time, the relationship between urban food production and irrigation water is pivotal in terms of resource management. In this paper, we investigated water savings through the collection and use of harvestable rainwater from buildings' rooftops to irrigate 2631 fruits and vegetables gardens in the urban area of Rome (Italy). The methodology makes use of existing geospatial data and data derived from satellite image classification to estimate food gardens' irrigation requirements and harvestable rainwater from nearby buildings' rooftops. The comparison of the annual harvestable rainwater with irrigation needs allowed for computing the proportion of water self-sufficient gardens as well as the amount of gardens whose water needs might be partially fulfilled with rainwater. Statistics were produced by land use type (horticulture, mixed crops, olive groves, orchards, and vineyards) and under the hypothesis that irrigation systems with low and high field application efficiency might be employed. We found that 19% and 33% of the gardens could be water self-sufficient for the low and high irrigation efficiency scenario, respectively. The remaining gardens, by using the available rainwater, could satisfy 22% (low efficiency) and 44% (high efficiency) of the water needs resulting in a reduction in the use of conventional water sources.


Objective:To observe the effect of triple therapy on the treatment of ureteral calculi cancer.Methods:129 cases of ureteral stones patients were randomly divided into two groups,treatment group with triple therapy or Traditional Chinese Medicine,Western Medicine,to promote transport by the instrument,control group only Western Medicine.Results:The stone row rate of the treatment group was 96.9%,the control group was 60.9%,there was a very significant difference in the two groups(P0.01).Expulsion time treatment group 1-12 days,mean(4.5±2.0) days vs 5-15 days,mean(7.0±2.5) days,there was a significant difference in the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion:The triple therapy of ureteral stones and worthy of clinical application and popularization.


URLs: Lessons From The Field: Exploring The Impact Of Debriefing Simulation Exercises Author(s): Davies, A.J. Sigma ThetaTau Honor Society of Nursing International Conference (SimTecT) 2010 31 May to 3 June 2010


Defect distributions have been documented by optical metallography, scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction in alloy 152 and 52 mockups welds, alloy 52 and 52M overlay mockups and an alloy 52M inlay. Primary defects were small cracks at grain boundaries except for more extensive cracking in the dilution zone of an alloy 52 overlay on 304SS. Detailed characterizations of the dilution zone cracks were performed by analytical transmission electron microscopy identifying grain boundary titanium-nitride precipitation associated with the intergranular separations. I. INTRODUCTION Weldments continue to be a primary location of stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) in light-water reactor systems. While problems related to heat-affected-zone (HAZ) sensitization and intergranular (IG) SCC of austenitic stainless alloys in boiling-water reactors (BWRs) have been significantly reduced, SCC has now been observed in HAZs of non-sensitized materials and in dissimilar metal welds where Ni-base alloy weld metals are used. IGSCC in weld metals has been observed in both BWRs and pressurized water reactors (PWRs) with recent examples for PWR pressure vessel penetrations producing the most concern. This has led to the replacement of alloy 600/182/82 welds with higher Cr, more corrosion-resistant replacement materials (alloy 690/152/52/52M). Complicating this issue has been a known susceptibility to cracking duringmore » welding [1-7] of these weld metals. There is a critical need for an improved understanding of the weld metal metallurgy and defect formation in Ni-base alloy welds to effectively assess long-term performance. A series of macroscopic to microscopic examinations were performed on available mockup welds made with alloy 52 or alloy 152 plus selected overlay and inlay mockups. The intent was to expand our understanding of weld metal structures in simulated LWR service components with a focus on as-welded defects. Microstructural features, defect distributions, defect characteristics and weld residual strains were examined by optical metallography, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Industry-supplied mock-up welds were characterized including alloy 52 and 152 weldments, alloy 52M overlay and inlay welds, and an alloy 52 overlay. II. WELDMENTS II.A. Alloy 52 and 152 Weld Mockups The alloy 52 and 152 weld mockups were fabricated by MHI for the Kewaunee reactor and were obtained from the EPRI NDE Center. The mockups were U-groove welds joining two plates of 304SS as shown in Figure 1. Alloy 152 butter (heat 307380) was placed on the U-groove surface for both mockups by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). For the alloy 152 weld mockup, the alloy 152 fill (heat 307380) was also applied using SMAW while for the alloy 52 weld mockup, the alloy 52 fill (heat NX2686JK) was applied using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Welding parameters for the fill materials were substantially different with the alloy 152 SMAW having a deposition speed of 4-25 cm/min with a current of 95-145 A and the alloy 52 GTAW having a deposition speed of 4-10 cm/min with a current of 150-300 A. One prominent feature in these mockup welds is the presence of a crack starting at the 304SS butt joint at the bottom of the U-groove and extending up into the weld. It appears that the 304SS plate on either side of the butt joint acted as an anchor for the weld resulting in a stress rise across the slit that drove crack formation and extension up into the fill weld. As will be shown in the next section, the extent of the cracking around this stress riser was much greater in the MHI 52 weld mockup.« less


The article discusses the Farm Credit Administration's "Project 1995", a long term 11 year forecast, strategic plan. The plan addresses land use, farm numbers, commodities produced, the financial statements and, obviously, the strategies for the next ten years.


A sudden rush of newly-published research has given us much more understanding of what it means to be an "evening person" or "night owl". An evening person feels more alert as evening arrives, may have trouble getting to sleep at a normal bedtime, and may have trouble getting up in the morning. The contrast is a "morning person" who wakes up early rather easily, is energetic in the morning, and becomes more fatigued as the day goes on, perhaps having trouble staying awake to read or to watch television before bedtime. Extreme morning-person hours seemed typical and healthy a century and more ago. Before artificial light became convenient, it seemed natural for people to fall asleep within a few hours after sunset and to arise about dawn, as their farm animals do (1). Today, people at either extreme of the morningness-eveningness spectrum may complain of sleep disorders and seek medical help.


With rapid technological advances in network infrastructure, programming languages, compatible component interfaces and so many more areas, today the computational Grid has evolved with the potential of seamless aggregation, integration and interactions. This has made it possible to conceive a new generation of realistic, scientific and engineering simulations of complex physical phenomenon. These applications will symbiotically and opportunistically combine computations, experiments, observations, and real-time data, and will provide important insights into complex phenomena. However, the phenomena being modeled are inherently complex, multi-phased, multi-scaled, dynamic and heterogeneous (in time space and state). Furthermore, their implementations involve multiple researchers with scores of models, hundreds of components and dynamic compositions and interactions between these components. The underlying Grid infrastructure is similarly heterogeneous and dynamic, globally aggregating large numbers of independent computing and communication resources, data stores and sensor networks. The combination of the two results in application development, configuration and management complexities that break current paradigms that are based on passive components and static compositions. In fact, we have reached a level of complexity, heterogeneity, and dynamism that our programming environments and infrastructure are becoming unmanageable/insecure [3]. In this paper we attempt to explore an alternative programming paradigm and management technique that is based on strategies used by biological systems to deal with complexity, heterogeneity and uncertainty. This approach is referred to as autonomic computing [1]. We discuss key technologies to enable the development of autonomic Grid applications. We also present a middleware architecture that sits on top of the existing Grid middleware, intelligently managing and executing autonomic applications with huge computational requirements over limited Grid resources. We discuss in detail how the proposed vGrid middleware can be used to dynamically control and manage large-scale forest fire simulation. 1. Design Motivations Let us look at a scenario where an application with huge resource requirements, needs to be executed over limited Grid resources. Our approach to handle such a scenario draws its motivation from Virtual Memory and how it handles huge problem execution with limited available main memory. By injecting autonomous properties into the application, we can ensure smart management of the issues associated with this kind of allocation and de-allocation of resources. We will talk about this more in the subsequent sections of this paper. Virtual Memory is the simulation of storage space so large that programmers do not need to rewrite programs, and authors do not need to rewrite documents when the content of a program module, the capacity of a local memory or the configuration of a network changes [5]. It is memory that is physically not there but behaves as if it is there. In the world of Virtual Memory, resources are provided on demand taking care of achieving optimum performance without leading to too many "swaps" of the program modules. It has a "working set" to prevent the program from thrashing. It has a number of allocation and de-allocation strategies to handle different scenarios. Conceptually, we could map the concepts of virtual memory to solve our problem at hand, that of bridging the supply demand gap. In the perspective of virtual memory, we can think of virtual compute resources that can be allocated to the application for execution. Since the resources are virtual, we can allocate as many of them as required by the application, and have some kind of an intelligent manager that maps these virtual resources to actual physical resources, much like the operating system in the context of virtual memory. We term that central intelligence in our architecture as the vGrid manager. The vGrid manager will be responsible for collecting resource Applied Software Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers University 94 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Autonomic Computing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Arizona 1230 E. Speedway, Tucson, AZ 85721-0104 Email: {bithika_k, hariri,email@example.com email@example.com Proceedings of the International Workshop on Challenges of Large Applications in Distributed Environments (CLADE'03) 0-7695-1984-9/03 $17.00 © 2003 IEEE 2 requests from the application, dividing the application into virtual computational units (VCUs) much like the pages and segments in virtual memory, applying allocation strategies to translate virtual resources to physical resources (much like the translation from virtual address space to physical address space for a piece of code) and applying de–allocation strategies to reallocate the same resources to other VCUs (much like the operating system throwing away used pages and allocating new pages to that part of the memory). The organization of the paper is as follows. In Section 2, we give an overview of a forest fire simulation application that will be used to explain and demonstrate the novel features of the vGrid middleware. In Section 3, we describe in detail the architecture of the vGrid middleware and its main components. 2. Brief Description of Forest Fire Simulation


The activating effects of seven activators have been investigated in the pasted boronizer using borax as boron atom supplier.The results showed that the activator forms and its melt points had effects on activating results,the fluorides were better activating capability than chlorides,the activators with high melt point had better activating effect,the boronizing speed was much faster by using pasted boronizer mixed with several kind of activators than by using only one kind of activator.Through orthogonal experimentation the optimum ratio of three kind of activators CaF 2,MgCl 2 and Na 3AlF 6 in the pasted boronizer was determined.The developed MSG pasted boronizer has high boronizing speed,quality layer and good capability of boronization for carbon steels and low alloy steel.


This paper analyzes the significance of constructing the characteristic database in NSDPCIR,introduces the practice of constructing the characteristic database in NSDPCIR,expounds the principles of constructing the characteristic database in NSDPCIR,and probes into the problems existing in the construction of the characteristic database in NSDPCIR.


We develop a non-perturbative formulation of photon-pair generation in the high-gain regime for nanostructured systems with arbitrary amount of loss and dispersion, and use it numerically to investigate integrated quantum spectroscopy in the high-gain regime.


According to the biological and ecological characteristics of the Ex Situ conservation plants and the ecological environment conditions of their origins,and based on the plant introduction principle,research on Ex Situ bionics conservation of plants has been carried out in Fuzhou National Forestry Park since 1959 The results showed that there were 131 families,546 genusis and 1 722 species in which there were 2 ferns,129 gymnosperms,1 341 dicotyledons,250 monocotyledons,and 100 rare and endangered plants;and that there were 1 476 species which grew well (the success rated 85 71%),117 species which grew normally but didn't adapt the extreme climate,61 species which grew inferiorly,61 species which died,7 species whose cases were indefinite The Ex Situ bionics conservation is a useful method to study on protection of biodiversity,selection of the fine quality and speed up trees and the ecological relations among plants


—Recently, there are many systems that utilize Internet of Things (IoT) effectively. Those systems often use simple IoT-aimed protocols, such as Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) or Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). However, recent cyber-attacks have been targeting IoT systems (e.g., the "Mirai" malware) so we are concerned that malicious persons could also exploit IoT-aimed protocols in cyber-attacks. Thus, we proposed MQTT/CoAP honeypots to observe possible cyber-attack or scouting activities related to cyber-attack. To imitate real IoT systems, the proposed honeypots hold imitated sensing data which is updated periodically. Also, to avoid ill use by attackers, the proposed honeypot accepts update requests from the Internet, but the updated value is only visible to the same request source IP (Internet Protocol) address. The proposed honeypots were deployed in December 2016 (MQTT) and August 2017 (CoAP) and requests were observed from the Internet continuously. We observed several mysterious requests to both MQTT and CoAP honeypots. We observed that the MQTT honeypot received some non-MQTT protocol based requests to 1883/tcp and some of them are wrongly interpreted as MQTT protocol. We determined that an effective MQTT server must be robustly implemented to handle there types of requests.


Objective:To investigate the possible relationship between dopamine D2 receptor(DRD2)and cigarette smoking in elder people of northern China.Methods:The history of cigarette smoking of 392 subjects were investigated.DNA was extracted from leukocytes of all subjects.PCR-RFLP was used to perform genotyping.Statistic analysis was performed by SPSS11.5.Results:There were more male smokers(65.8%)than female(27.2%)among them.The DRD2 genotypes and smoking status showed no correlation among all subjects.However,the frequency of the DRD2 TaqIA allele in smokers who began to smoke at the age ≥30 years appeared to be higher than that in those who began to smoke at the age30 year old(51.0% versus 38.5%,P=0.017).A similar trend was also found for the DRD2 TaqIB1 allele(55.2% versus 41.0%,P=0.018).Conclusion:The results suggested that more smokers were male in elders people in northern China and DRD2 TaqⅠA1,B1 alleles might be associated with cigarette smoking,mainly with the age that began to smoke.Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.


Forty-four multiparous, mammary tumor-free, Sprague-Dawley rats, 10 months old, were divided into two groups as follows: Group 1, sham-operated controls; and Group 2, bilateral electrolytic lesions placed in the median eminence area of the hypothalamus. After 25 weeks, the animals were killed, the number of palpable mammary tumors was determined, and blood was withdrawn for prolactin analysis by radioimmunoassay. Mammary tumor incidence and blood prolactin levels were significantly increased in median eminence-lesioned rats (12/23, 52%; 179.8 ± 23.9 mµg/ml) in contrast to the controls (4/21, 19%; 50.9 ± 9.6 mµg/ml). These results demonstrate that disruption of the final common pathway from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary can significantly enhance spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis in the female rat. The increased blood levels of prolactin observed in the median eminence-lesioned rats provide further evidence that this is the principal hormonal factor in mammary tumorigenesis in the rat.


One of the important tasks in the development of independent colleges is to innovate a model for cultivating talents and set up a practice teaching system. This paper theoretically discusses the construction of the practice teaching system of the economic and management specialty in independent colleges, with the economic and management specialty of Zhijiang College of Zhejiang University of Technology as a case study, constructs the practice teaching system platform for economic and management specialty, and proposes measures for strengthening the construction of the laboratory, practice base groups, practice teaching management and teaching faculty team.


Magnetic and ore microscopic investigations of flow units 326.2, 320.1, 263.2, and 298.2 reveal that extensive remagnetization of rocks has taken place in the lower portion of the drill hole leading to multiple polarity changes of NRM within single units. After optimum AF and thermal demagnetization a middle portion of stable normal polarity remanence remains with a top and bottom portion of reversed stable magnetization. The reversed direction is interpreted to be of primary origin, whereas the normal direction could arise from a viscous magnetization acquired at elevated temperatures which is stabilized by both grain subdivision during hydrothermally induced oxidation and by subsequent cooling. Microscopic study shows the presence of secondary magnetite in a few samples from flow bottoms of units 298.2, 320.1, and 326.2. For the latter two units, secondary magnetite appears to be of minor importance, whereas secondary magnetite apparently causes very high natural remanence and susceptibility values in samples from unit 298.2.


This article presents the implementation of a coupling between the 3D neutron kinetic core model DYN3D and the commercial, general purpose computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS-CFX. In the coupling approach, parts of the thermal hydraulic calculation are transferred to CFX for its better ability to simulate the three-dimensional coolant redistribution in the reactor core region. The calculation of the heat transfer from the fuel into the coolant remains with DYN3D, which incorporates well tested and validated heat transfer models for rod-type fuel elements. On the CFX side, the core region is modelled based on the porous body approach. The implementation of the code coupling is verified by comparing test case results with reference solutions of the DYN3D standalone version. Test cases cover mini and full core geometries, control rod movement and partial overcooling transients.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Corrupt Illinois: Patronage, Cronyism, and Criminality. By Thomas J. Gradel and Dick Simpson. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2015. Pp. xii, 210, appendices, notes, index. Paper, $19.95.)Teaching about American government and democracy is a balancing act: how does one promote essential values such as civility, compromise and justice, in a culture of cynicism and apathy? Such was the situation in early 2009 in my Advanced Placement Government class, where I helped my young students navigate Governor Blagojevich's arrest and impeachment. As each new day brought a fresh revelation from the federal prosecutors or the governor's own colorful mouth, my often bewildered and jaded students and I would grapple with questions ranging from "can this really be true?" and "did he really say that?" to "is Illinois really this corrupt?" While we could not help but laugh some days, most felt moral outrage and recognized how the scandal was weakening their respect for their own government.It was thus with great interest and such memories in mind that I read Thomas Gradel's and Dick Simpsons exhaustive review of the history of political corruption in Illinois, Corrupt Illinois: Patronage, Cronyism and Criminality, in which two veterans of Illinois politics seek to catalogue and then make sense of the states infamous "pay to play" culture. As they explain in the preface, the authors also question why this corruption is so persistent and why reforms so hard to enact, notwithstanding many high profile scandals. While many books have been written about Illinois political corruption, such as Mike Royko's Boss (1971), a profile of Chicago Mayor Richard J. Daley's political machine, Corrupt Illinois excels at detailed descriptions of hundreds of political corruption cases dating from when Illinois was a new state in the early 1800s up until 2014. The bulk of the book tells stories of Illinois corruption organized around political divisions (thus, there are chapters each on Chicago aldermen, the Illinois judiciary, Cook County, for example), and the sheer volume of stories makes for slow reading. However, the reader also learns interesting details, such as how a ballot chain works and the important role the U.S. attorney's office has played in prosecuting corruption in Illinois. The well-researched stories also underscore one of book's main points that Illinois' corruption is not simply a few "bad apples" but a deep and persistent cultural condition. …


The sample of sauer kraut was pretreated by slicing,crushing and homogenizing.A definite quantity of the homogeneous sample was taken and digested with cone.HNO_3 and H_2O_2 firstly at 90℃in a water bath for ca.20 min,then after cooling,digested in the microwave digestor.After completion of digestion,the solution was cooled to room temperature and transferred to a 25 mL volumetric flask,5 mL of mixed solution of 50 g·L~(-1)thiourea solution and 50 g·L~(-1)ascorbic acid solution were added,and then diluted to mark with water. Arsenic was determined in the sample solution by AFS under the optimized instrumental condition with addition of 14 g·L~(-1)KBH_4 solution as reductant for generation of AsH_3.Linear relationship between values of fluorescence intensity and mass concentration of arsenic was found in the range with 10μg·L~(-1),with detection limit(3s/k)of 0.064μg·L~(-1).Recovery and precision of the method were tested,giving results of recovery ranged from 89.0%to 102.5%,and RSD(n=6)of 1.7%.


Ice crystal growth problem have attracted special attention due to in heat transfer deterioration and pump power consumption increasing, by adding very small amount of suitable additives can control the ice crystal growth. This paper investigates ice crystal growth in isothermal condition when adding four different additives, and then calculate the energy between surfactants and ice crystal to explain the effect of different additives. The results indicate that the interaction is Coulomb interaction and Van der Waals interaction for anionic and nonionic surfactant respectively. This method provides a method to explore the mechanism of controlling ice crystal growth with surfactant.


【Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) is widely used in Korea, as a protein-rich, alternate, functional food with pharmacological benefits. In addition to anti-oxidant properties, the larvae of P. b. seulensis also show positive effects against hepatic disorder and diabetes; therefore, P. b. seulensis larvae are being reared on a large scale in Korea. We evaluated reared larvae of P. b. seulensis from Gyeong-gi in Korea. Using 16SrRNA PCR, electro-microscopy, and bioassay techniques, we found that the larvae harbored Spo-1, a bacterium identified as the insect pathogen Serratia marcescens. Therefore, we highlight the use of this insect as an alternate food and the need for its sanitary rearing conditions, as contamination may affect public health.】


Sample holder assembly includes a sample tray, the base plate, the stage mounting, and the mounting calibration standard on the stage mount. Three mating structures on the bottom surface of the base plate, to mate with corresponding structures on the stage mount attached to the sample stage of the SEM. Contacting conductor optional is to provide an electrical contact between the stage mount and the base plate, as a result, the generated charge on the specimen by the electron beam exits the sample, conductive layer of the sample, the sample tray , through the base plate and the stage mount, flows to the grounded stage.


We develop a new formalism for modelling the formation and evolution of galaxies within a hierarchical universe. Similarly, to standard semi-analytical models we trace galaxies inside dark matter merger trees which are extracted from a large N-body simulation. The formalism includes treatment of feedback, star formation, cooling, smooth accretion, gas stripping in satellite galaxies and merger-induced starbursts. However, unlike in other models, each process is assumed to have an efficiency which depends only on the host halo mass and redshift. This allows us to describe the various components of the model in a simple and transparent way. By allowing the efficiencies to have any value for a given halo mass and redshift, we can easily encompass a large range of scenarios. To demonstrate this point, we examine several different galaxy formation models, which are all consistent with the observational data. Each model is characterized by a different unique feature: cold accretion in low-mass haloes, zero feedback, stars formed only in merger-induced bursts, and shutdown of star formation after mergers. Using these models we are able to examine the degeneracy inherent in galaxy formation models, and look for observational data that will help to break this degeneracy. We show that the full distribution of star formation rates in a given stellar mass bin is promising in constraining the models. We compare our approach in detail to the semi-analytical model of De Lucia & Blaizot. It is shown that our formalism is able to produce a very similar population of galaxies once the same median efficiencies per halo mass and redshift are being used. Consequently, our approach may be useful for comparing various published semi-analytical models within the same framework. We provide a public version of the model galaxies on our webpage along with a tool for running models with user-defined parameters. Our model is able to provide results for a 62.5 h ―1 Mpc box within just a few seconds.


Research evidence in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) shows that the introduced tight coupling of information technology with physical sensing and actuation leads to more vulnerability and security weaknesses. But, the traditional security protection mechanisms of CPS focus on data encryption while neglecting the sensors which are vulnerable to attacks in the physical domain. Accordingly, researchers attach utmost importance to the problem of state estimation in the presence of sensor attacks. In this work, we present SecSens, a novel approach for secure nonlinear state estimation in the presence of modeling and measurement noise. SecSens consists of two independent algorithms, namely, SecEKF and SecOPT, which are based on Extended Kalman Filter and Maximum Likelihood Estimation, respectively. We adopt a holistic approach to introduce security awareness among state estimation algorithms without requiring specialized hardware, or cryptographic techniques. We apply SecSens to securely localize and time synchronize networked mobile devices. SecSens provides good performance at run-time several order of magnitude faster than the state of art solutions under the presence of powerful attacks. Our algorithms are evaluated on a testbed with static nodes and a mobile quadrotor all equipped with commercial ultra-wide band wireless devices.


In December 2014, Kelantan was hit by the worst flood ever recorded. Did the rainfall exceed historical records, how rare are they and what causes them? This paper answers these questions. Estimation of the return periods uses the GEV distribution model and stations with more than 25 years records. Spatial distribution plots of the cumulated rainfall depths were constructed using IDW interpolation method. Four major outcomes are: 1) Spatial rainfall patterns show high amounts of rainfall accumulated by phases (Phase 1- daily rainfall up to 300 mm; Phase 2- daily rainfall up to 500 mm); 2) record breaking rainfall events occurred at 9 stations significantly at Gunung Gagau (1598.9 mm compared to 976.5 mm 7-day cumulated rainfall). Many stations upstream of the river basin experienced ARIs near and over 100 years and several experienced more than 200 years; and 4) Enhanced rainfall were experienced due to the combined effect of the monsoon season, Madden Julian Oscillation and temperature below anomalies at the Siberian High


� T�e neutral point unbalance is a problem w�ic� results in t�ree-level inverter w�en t�e neutral point is connected to c�arging current for longer periods t�an to disc�arging currents (or vice-versa). Alt�oug� t�e dc voltage regulator works properl�, t�e inequalit� between c�arging and disc�arging neutral point current results in an unbalance between t�e dc voltage across t�e upper and lower capacitors. T�is is an undesirable c�aracteristic since even if t�e converter is properl� modulated t�e resulting output waveform becomes as�mmetric about t�e xaxis and consequentl�, similar distortion results in t�e line currents. In t�is case, t�e neutral point connection time is controlled since t�e modified-��M sc�eme is easil� modified and t�e concept is relativel� straig�tforward.������������������������� ����������������������������������������� K��w����: STAT�OM, T�ree Level Inverter, Voltage Source �onverter, Neutral �oint Balancing


In his introductory comments to this volume, Chomsky reviews the historical background surrounding the emergence of Remarks on Nominalization, the restrictive view of the syntax which it promoted, and, in that context, the need to separate syntactically predictable constructions, such as gerunds from less predictable formations, and specifically derived nominals, as described in Lees' (1960) seminal study. It is also in that context that Chomsky reviews the emergence of the X'-scheme, offering, in particular, a contemporary perspective on its merits and drawbacks. <82>