ABSTRACT South Africa, a country that was once colonized, had deliberate and hateful laws pre-democracy, which discriminated against, and segregated races with the intention to divide and conquer territories through marginalization. A case study emerges within this context, which exposes the racial prejudice that still persists, more than 20 years post-democracy. The article is important because it illustrates the historical injustices that exist based on gender imbalances between men and women. It makes a case for racial prejudice that racial inequalities foster resentment that ultimately prevents social cohesion. The article postulates averments such as, whether the description made in the return of service amounts to unfair discrimination on the basis of race, gender and infringement to dignity. This article critically analyses a South African court judgment in which the presiding Judge made several punitive orders against three deputy-sheriffs acting in their public capacity. It will be argued in the circumstances that this was a bold, brazen and a triumphant decision in addressing the colonial ills of the past in South Africa presenting a cure for the indifference and segregation on the basis of race.


The sections in this article are

Introduction
Chemical Modification of AFM Tips
Sample Surfaces with Various Patterns
FFM and PFM-AFM Measurements
Friction and Adhesive Force Imaging as CFM
CFM of Patterned Surface Prepared by the LB Method
Friction Force Map in Phase-separated HC-FC Mixed LB Films with Ca2+ Counterions
CFM of Patterned Surfaces Prepared by µ-CP

Effect of Experimental Environments and Surface Roughness
Other Approaches for CFM
Concluding Remarks


Regret for the Past has been a representative work when we discuss Lu Xun's view of women.However,there includes a kind of contradiction in this work.Readers should put the problems described in Regret for the Past in the perspective of lust described in Chinese tradition and compare this with modern sexual freedom.Regret for the Past displays males's viewpoint of the time,as well as to what extent they are able to achieve.The intention of Regret for the Past is not what is presented,but how it is presented.Regret for the Past,written in literary form with some real life stories,serves as an invaluable source for readers to gain an insight into the relationship between males and females and gain the knowledge of the development of female liberation in modern China.


The invention relates to a multiple plug connecter, consisting of two insulating bodies each having at least one row of contact elements of a first type or of a second type, complementary thereto, respectively. The complementary plug (2) is equipped with contact elements (4) which are clamped at one of their ends to the conductor wires (3) to be connected, each of these contact elements being equipped with a flexible and bent contact laminate which is pushed elastically between a tongue (11) and another fixed element of the plug (1) on which it is supported.


Biotracers marking the geologic history and permafrost evolution in Central Yakutia, including Yedoma Ice Complex (IC) deposits, were identified in a multiproxy analysis of water chemistry, isotopic signatures, and microbial datasets. The key study sections were the Mamontova Gora and Syrdakh exposures, well covered in the literature. In the Mamontova Gora section, two distinct IC strata with massive ice wedges were described and sampled, the upper and lower IC strata, while previously published studies focused only on the lower IC horizon. Our results suggest that these two IC horizons differ in water origin of wedge ice and in their cryogenic evolution, evidenced by the differences in their chemistry, water isotopic signatures and the microbial community compositions. Microbial community similarity between ground ice and host deposits is shown to be a proxy for syngenetic deposition and freezing. High community similarity indicates syngenetic formation of ice wedges and host deposits of the lower IC horizon at the Mamontova Gora exposure. The upper IC horizon in this exposure has much lower similarity metrics between ice wedge and host sediments, and we suggest epigenetic ice wedge development in this stratum. We found a certain correspondence between the water origin and the degree of evaporative transformation in ice wedges and the microbial community composition, notably, the presence of Chloroflexia bacteria, represented by Gitt-GS-136 and KD4-96 classes. These bacteria are absent at the ice wedges of lower IC stratum at Mamontova Gora originating from snowmelt, but are abundant in the Syrdakh ice wedges, where the meltwater underwent evaporative isotopical fractionation. Minor evaporative transformation of water in the upper IC horizon of Mamontova Gora, whose ice wedges formed by meltwater that was additionally fractionated corresponds with moderate abundance of these classes in its bacterial community.


Investigations were conducted for the purposes of understanding coloring phenomena to be caused by optical rotation of polarized light beams in sugared water and realizing their applications as educational tools. By allowing polarized laser beams in red, blue or green to travel in sugared water of certain concentrations, changes in their intensities were measured while changing a distance between a pair of polarizing plates in the sugared water. An equation was established for a theoretical value for the angle of rotation for light of any colors (wavelengths) travelling in sugared water of any concentrations. The predicted results exhibited satisfactory matching with the measured values. In addition, the intensities of transmitted laser beams, as well as colors to be observable when a white-color LED torch was employed as a light source, were also become predictable, and the predicted results were well-matched with the observation results.


Tailor-welded blanks tensile tests in which the weld lines parallel to the axis of tension are performed and the weld metal properties are determined using a "rule of mixtures" type of calculation.Based the weld metal properties,finite element analyses of tailor-welded tubes(TWT) under axial loaded were performed to determine the effects of weld modeling techniques and thickness ratio on axial collapsed deformation.An appropriate model based on the considerations of computing efficiency and accuracy about deformation mode and energy absorption is suggested.According to the results of test and simulation,with the increasing of thickness ratio,TWTs with dissimilar thickness and similar material had demonstrated non-uniform residual stack deformed modes,and differ in many ways with the traditional thin-walled tubes,such as the curve shape of load-displacement,number of the completely squeezed folding lobes and the length of the plastic folding wave.Results indicate that TWT with optimal thickness ratio and the weld line position has better axial mechanical performance than the traditional thin-walled tube,which are very important to crashworthiness design of tailor-welded energy absorbing structures.


A 61-year-old has undergone to our observation for pancreatic abdominal pain. On admission, the blood chemistry tests showed more than 3fold raised in pancreatic enzymes, while no indices of cholestasis or hepatic cytolysis were present. An abdominal ultrasound revealed a pancreas increased in volume and dishomogeneous, without local or extra-local complications, letting argue an episode of mild acute pancreatitis (AP) occurred. The patient was treated with bowel rest, broad spectrum antibiotics and gabexatemesilate until the normalization of the pancreatic function. A clinical interview was conducted, from which it emerged that the patient was hospitalized for another 2 episodes of AP in the last 3 years. A diagnosis of acute recurrent pancreatitis has been formulated. From both letters of discharge, AP was termed "idiopathic". A magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), performed at our Center, was very suggestive for a pancreas divisum (PD) (Figure 1a). As the main indication for minor papilla sphincterotomy (MiES) is strongly recommended for patients with symptomatic PD and signs of obstruction to outflow from the minor papilla (MiP), a dynamic MRCP after secretin stimulation was carried out (Figure 1b). The latter one confirmed the presence of a complete pancreas divisum with a dominant dorsal duct associated with a Santorinicele. The patient underwent a "pull type" MiES of the minor papilla (MiP), using appropriate sphincterotomy, without any intra or postprocedural complications. After one year of follow-up, the patient is still asymptomatic.


Property Directed Self Composition Ron Shemer Master of Science School of Computer Science Tel Aviv University We address the problem of verifying k-safety properties : properties that refer to k executions of a program. A prominent way to verify k-safety properties is by self composition. In this approach, the problem of checking k-safety over the original program is reduced to checking an ordinary safety property over a program that executes k copies of the original program in some order. The way in which the copies are composed determines how complicated it is to verify the composed program. We view this composition as provided by a semantic self composition function that maps each state of the composed program to the copies that make


In high or moderate risk populations, periodic surveillance of patients at risk of progression from gastric precursor lesions (PL) to gastric cancer (GC) is the most effective strategy for reducing the burden of GC. Incomplete type of intestinal metaplasia (IIM) may be considered as the best candidate, but it is still controversial and more research is needed. To further assess the progression of subtypes of IM as predictors of GC occurrence.


Reading a book is also kind of better solution when you have no enough money or time to get your own adventure. This is one of the reasons we show the win win ecology how the earths species can survive in the midst of human enterprise as your friend in spending the time. For more representative collections, this book not only offers it's strategically book resource. It can be a good friend, really good friend with much knowledge.


This thesis examined the aesthetics of modernism revealed by Choi In-ho''s representative novels A Stranger's Room(1971) and Tower of Ants(1977).
In the novel A Stranger's Room, Choi In-ho embraced the aesthetics of modernism, hoping for an inner reconciliation by expressing the abnormal human relationship that emerged from his relationship with his wife through the spatialization and assimilation of the fantasy of time. On the other hand, in the novel Tower of Ants, he criticizes the reality in which he is confined to the ideology of economic growth by representing the era of industrialization, when the trend of fetishism is prevalent, through the allegory of ants rushing toward sugar water. In Tower of Ants, this work.
Therefore, I sought to expand the horizon of the modern novel by studying the meaning and characteristics of the aesthetics of the modern novel through these two works.


The aim of this work was to identify robust and reproducible signatures characterizing the different steps of bone cell differentiation, from precursors to mature bone cells, using approaches allowing characterization by label-free imaging. Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) were cultured either in a growth medium (GM), unable to induce cell differentiation by itself, or in an osteogenic differentiation medium (ODM) on hydroxyapatite ceramics or borosilicate glass. Cell density as well as cell structure, size, and morphology were investigated. A fluorescence microscopy-based approach was followed, using fluorescent labelling of cell features. Some early morphological changes of hMSC during osteogenic differentiation were identified as soon as 48h that were accentuated after 7 days of culture. Cell density was higher when cells were cultured in GM and the cells exhibited significantly smaller nuclei (size ratio about 1.3-1.5) than those cultured in ODM, regardless of the culture support. In ODM, the cells were also of bigger size (1.2 to 1.5 times) and their focal adhesions were reinforcedType I collagen, a gold standard marker of osteogenic differentiation, appeared more intense in ODM. These cell features can be determined using multimodal label-free imaging methods to characterize the differentiation state of hMSCs at the biomaterial surface. They give rise to new cost-effective approaches to investigate cell behavior by suppressing the chemical markers and reducing both the number of needed samples and the requested time to do so.


Abstract : A 19-year record of the annual closing and opening dates of operation of the Lake Champlain ferry at Grand Isle, Vermont, which are controlled by the lake's ice cover, was made available to CRREL. These navigation records accurately approximated the freeze-over and breakup dates for the ferry crossing area between Gordon Landing, Vermont, and Cumberland Head, New York. When compared statistically with water temperature and climatological data for the same years at nearby Lake Champlain locations, the dates allowed accurate predictions of ice formation. From nearby air temperature records, cumulative freezing degree-day (deg C) curves were plotted for each year of record, and ice formation dates and standard deviations were predicted with considerable accuracy. Several methods of predicting ice formation on Lake Champlain were attempted. The most accurate approach used a combination of water temperatures and freezing degree-days. The influence of wind speed on ice cover formation and prediction are also discussed in the report. (Author)


Although there have been numerous advances in production cost modeling techniques over past decade, the characterization of hydropower operations has remained relatively unsophisticated in common usage, largely ignoring the water-energy nexus. We believe that there are two key reasons for this simple representation. First, hydropower operational constraint data (including technical constraints, water-use priorities and rules, environmental constraints, and drought mitigation plans) are often not readily available or easily expressed in the Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problems that represent unit commitment and economic dispatch of generating assets. Second, the water availability uncertainties involved in hydropower planning often span many days, months, or even years. These uncertainties do not align well with the dayahead unit commitment problem that is solved for grid operations. This makes it difficult for unit commitment models to comprehensively include and make best use of water and hydropower production.


Vitamin E (Tocopherol acetate) is used in both oral and topical dosage.  The aim of  the research was to study  different concentration of Carrageenan, as gelling agent in Tocopherol acetate Emulgels.  This experimental study was initiated by emulgel formulation using different concentration of carrageenan as gelling agent, as much as 0,5% (F1), 0,75% (F2), 0,85% (F3), 0,95 % (F4), 1% (F5), 1,125% (F6), 1,25% (F7), 1,5% (F8) and 2% (F9).  Tween 20 and Span 20 were used as emulsifiers (1 and 1,5 %),  Liquid paraffin as oily phase (7,5%), Propylen glycol as humectant (10%), propyl and methyl paraben as antimicrobial preservative (0,01% and 0,03%). The physical investigation of emulgel were included pH, spreading test, viscosity and freeze thaw test. The results for promising formula F5 showed that physical parameters of emulgels were in the range of requirement for topical dosage form. Keywords : Tocopherol acetate (Vitamin E), emulgels, carrageenan


In recent years "religious literacy" advocacy has gained a significant following, both academic and non-academic. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that attainment of religious literacy (and the reduction of religious illiteracy – ignorance about religions, either explicitly or by implication) will bring social benefits or cure societal ills. Yet, the term "religious literacy" itself remains poorly defined; neither have the benefits touted by advocates of "religious literacy" been subjected to empirical testing. Instead, reasons for the ready adoption of the term can be found in its particular genealogy, and in its relation to advocacies for other "literacies". Moreover, especially the advocacy of basic literacy (i.e., of literacy, literally speaking) is historically entangled with Christian theologies and other ideologies, a history giving rise to what Harvey Graff once called the "literacy myth" linking increased literacy to social improvements or progress. Thus, finally, the particular resonance of "religious literacy" in Religious Studies and related academic circles may reflect the inescapable historical character of our particular academic enterprise as "ex-theological."


Objective To explore the change of serum concentrations of apolipoprotein A5(APOA5),and the relationship with levels of adiponectin and fasting insulin(FINS)in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods Blood lipids,the serum concentrations of APOA5,adiponectin and insulin were examined in 95 individuals,who were divided into two groups:51 patients with CHD and 44 healthy individuals.Results The concentrations of APOA5 and adiponectin in CHD patients were significantly lower than the healthy individuals[(230.06±115.8)μg/L and(3.03±1.85)μg/L vs(324.43±151.79)μg/L and(4.12±2.48)μg/L respectively,all P0.05];whereas insulin levels were significantly higher than the healthy individuals[(9.85±5.94)mU/L vs(7.85±3.04)mU/L respectively,P0.05].Plasma APOA5 was negatively correlated with FINS and triglyceride,but positively correlated with HDL-C;no correlation was found with adiponectin.Conclusion The patients with CHD have decreased serum levels of APOA5 and adiponectin,but increased levels of FINS.APOA5 can influence blood lipids,which may partly attribute to the effects of insulin resistance.


Synopsis: In order to improve the high-temperature strength of the heat-resistant alloy A286, it was suggested from the previous work (Zairyo Shiken, 10 (1961) No. 90, p.70; Tetsu-to-Hagane, not yet published) that grain boundary precipitates such as G phase (Ni13Si6Ti8) and η phase (Ni3Ti) had to be eliminated by proper selections of heat treatment and/or chemical composition. From a point of view as abovementioned, the effect of heat treatment on the high-temperature strength was investigated in the present work. Solution temperatures were varied from 900°C to 1100°C and aging temperatures were selected at 650°C and 718°C.


Lately the world is hyped by technological advances, and one of the examples is metaverse. The metaverse is a hypothetical new release of the internet as a single, commonplace, and enchanting virtual world that is facilitated using virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) headsets. A metaverse is a digital system of 3D virtual worlds centered on social relationship. The metaverse itself comes as a breakthrough for situations where people are doing a lot of activities online. This so-called metaverse will allow us to walk around and interact with spaces that we currently only see on screens - in theory at least. The Metaverse is not just a place for them to change what exists in the physical world into a digital world, but to go one step further by addressing newfound needs and conventions that are unique to the digital world. From the metaverse, we can address new ideas and opportunities that can help not only for us in the virtual world but also a lot of benefits for us in Real Life. This review will discuss about essential factors that the metaverse offer for business based on 7 Layers of the metaverse. We also use the qualitative method to gather papers as a base for this research. By the help of our selected papers, this study can focus on essential factors of the metaverse. The result of this research is to describe the essential factors of the metaverse for business.


Muslims believe that the Sunnah of the Prophet Muha mm d(SAAW) is the second of the two revealed fundamental sources of Islam, after the Holy Qur'an . Hadith can provide a Gold Standard "ground truth" for AI (Artificial Intelligent) knowledge extraction and k nowledge representation experiments. In the present tudy, the extracted Islamic knowledge represented the focal p oint of the research, three famous books in Hadith science framed the corpus of the study. This study attempte d to explore new approach to classify Hadith using data mining techniques to classify Hadith according to i ts validity degree (Sahih, Hasan, Da'eef and Maudo' ), the proposed Hadith classifier model was built through learning process, DT classifier modeling had been represented by the tree structure model, and the at tribu es of the instances originally were obtained from the source books. Whilst some attributes were indicated as null values, or missing values. A novel mechan ism called missing data detector (MDD) was employed to handle these missing data. This mechanism was gener at d based on the Isnad validity methods in Hadith scien ce. The results of the research were compared with the resource books, concurrently with the point of view of the experts in the Hadith science. The findings of the research showed that the performance of DT Hadith c lassifier had significant effect with DDM, the CCR was sharply increased from (50.1502 %) to (97.597%) Fur the more, the favorable obtained results indicated hat the DT Modeling is a viable approach to classify Ha dith due to the ease of rules induction and results  interpretation


Temporal variations of absolute densities of CF, CF2 and atomic fluorine (F) were measured in the afterglow of high-density C4F8 plasmas generated by helicon-wave discharges. Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy was adopted for CF and CF2 radicals, while vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) absorption spectroscopy was employed for the F atom. CF and F densities gradually decreased for 20–80 ms after the extinction of the rf power, while CF2 density steadily increased during the same period. This slow increase in CF2 density can be explained by surface kinetics of the radicals. In the afterglow of discharges with a high degree of dissociation, the increase in CF2 density is approximately equal to CF density at the beginning of the afterglow. The mechanism for the surface production of CF2 in the afterglow is discussed based on the close relationships between the temporal variations of CF and CF2 densities.


According to the no-hair theorem, astrophysical black holes are uniquely described by the Kerr metric. In order to test this theorem with observations in either the electromagnetic or gravitational-wave spectra, several Kerr-like spacetimes have been constructed which describe potential deviations from the Kerr spacetime in parametric form. For electromagnetic tests of the no-hair theorem, such metrics allow for the proper modeling of the accretion flows around candidate black holes and the radiation emitted from them. In many of these models, the location of the inner edge of the accretion disk is of special importance. This inner edge is often taken to coincide with the innermost stable circular orbit, which can serve as a direct probe of the spin and the deviation from the Kerr metric. In certain cases, however, an innermost stable circular orbit does not exist, and the inner edge of an accretion disk is instead determined by an instability against small perturbations in the direction vertical to the disk. In this paper, I analyze the properties of accretion disks in the Kerr-like metric proposed by Johannsen and Psaltis [Phys. Rev. D 83, 124015 (2011)], whose inner edges are located at the radii where this vertical instability occurs. I derive expressions of the energy and axial angular momentum of disk particles that move on circular equatorial orbits and calculate the locations of the inner disk edges. As a possible observable of such accretion disks, I simulate profiles of relativistically broadened iron lines and show that they depend significantly on the values of the spin and the deviation parameter.


For the safety and stability of the distribution network, the distribution management system (DMS) requires high precision state estimation results as the basic information. If there are errors in line parameters, the precision of estimation results of Weighted Least Squares (WLS) state estimation method will be lower because the WLS model relies on line parameters. This paper presents a state estimation model based on historical data mining via multivariate linear regression. BP neural network is used to directly obtain the mapping between input and output, which would avoid the dependency on line parameters. Therefore, the proposed model would not be affected by the errors of parameters. At first, Recursive Least Squares (RLS) is used to establish a historical data model to calculate pseudo measurement. Then the pseudo measurement is taken as part of the inputs to BP neural network which is improved by Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (APSO-BP). Finally, the proposed method is simulated based on IEEE 33 nodes system. The results are evaluated through maximum absolute error and mean absolute error, which show that the proposed method has high precision and performances well in avoiding the influence of line parameters errors.


Portable pressure testing device of wellhead blowout preventer was developed to solve the problem that daily sealing pressure check was impossible for wellhead blowout preventer used to oilfield work-over in the work-over workplace.The pressure testing device made it possible to conduct daily sealing pressure check for wellhead blowout preventer in work-over operation site,and timely able to discover breakdown and safety hazard to improve the reliability and safety in the course of using wellhead blowout preventer.After being used in Changqing oil field,this pressure testing device is proved to have such features as reasonable design,advanced technology,convenient use,safe and reliable operation.It can meet the needs of daily sealing pressure check of wellhead blowout preventer and reduce safety incidents in work-over treatment.


Effects of fluorine ion implantation on electrical characteristics of metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (MOS) devices on silicon‐on‐sapphire have been investigated. The fluorine implantation generates deep acceptor levels, the nature of which is significantly affected by the sequence of the implantation and gate oxidation in device fabrication process steps. It was found that drain leakage current of fluorine‐implanted MOS transistors can be reduced to about 0.1 times compared with unimplanted devices without degrading the basic electrical characteristics.


Actual scientific problem of improving the efficiency of the training of operators handling machines competency-based approach, using highly intelligent automated learning systems based on computer simulators determined. Current approaches to solving this urgent problem are analyzed in a number of aspects: the theoretical foundations of process automation training (including the construction of automated learning systems) competence-based approach in education (including the automation of the learning process on the basis of this approach), the use of computer simulators in vocational training (and, in particular, exercise equipment handling machines). The main disadvantages of these approaches are identified: lack of competence-based approach used in the automation of the process of training of crane operators; lack of efficiency of the organization of the process of mastering the future operators handling machines of individual knowledge and skills; lack of automated learning systems (in the full sense of the term) for training of crane operators. Prospects for further theoretical developments in solving the problem based on the identified deficiencies identified: the creation of appropriate modern concepts of computer-aided instruction systems and competent approach models and methods in relation to training of crane operators, as well as the active use of artificial intelligence methods for objective assessment of knowledge, skills and abilities trainees.


Sofitel Central Plaza Bangkok and Bangkok Convention Centre are conveniently located adjoining the new expressway just 10 minutes from the airport and 15 minutes from the centre of Bangkok. Each of the 607 deluxe rooms and suites at Sofitel Central Plaza..


A laboratory experiment was conducted with three soils under five treatments [Control, rice straw alone, rice straw + N (@ N factor), straw + Paecilomyces fusisporus and straw + Trichurus spiralis) to determine the kinetics of N mineralization during rice straw decomposition in the soils. Mineralized nitrogen was significantly reduced due to rice straw and straw inoculated with cellulose decomposing fungi in the soils during first two weeks of incubation, whereas, application of nitrogen with rice straw was able to reduce the initial immobilization of nitrogen. The mean nitrogen mineralized during 12 weeks was significantly increased due to inoculation of P. fusisporus and T. spiralis over rice straw. Inoculation of cellulose decomposing fungi significantly increased the potentially mineralizable nitrogen (No) and nitrogen mineralization rate constant over control and rice straw treatments. The half time required (t½) to mineralise half of the No was increased due to rice straw, but addition of inorganic nitrogen along with straw and use of fungi generally reduced the t½ values.


Action recognition methods are mostly based on a 3-Dimensional (3D) Convolution Network which have some limitations in practice, e.g. redundant parameters, big memory consumed and low performance. In this paper, a new convolution-free model called action-transformer is proposed to address the mentioned problems. The model proposed is mainly composed of three modules: spatial-temporal transformation module, hybrid feature attention module, and residual-transformer module. The spatial-temporal transformation module is designed to map the split short video into spatial and temporal features. The hybrid feature attention module is designed to extract the fine-grained features from the spatial and temporal features and produce the hybrid features. The residual-transformer module is designed with the combination of the attention, feed-forward network, and the residual mechanism to extract local and global features from the hybrid features. The model is tested on the HMDB51 and UCFIOI data set, and the result shows that the memory, the parameters used by the proposed model are less than those models mentioned in the literature, and it achieves better performance too.


Worn down by the summer of 1866, Kelso withdrew from the fall election. There was still work to be done, however, in the second session of the Thirty-Ninth Congress in the spring of 1867. He helped push the Radical Republican agenda for Reconstruction, including passage of the Fourteenth Amendment. He was one of the first to call for the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson. He proposed another constitutional amendment, which would have promoted racial, gender, and social equality and given a federal guarantee to public education. But as lobbyists offered railroad junkets and stock schemes, he also saw political corruption firsthand. In retrospect, though, he felt his greatest mistake was in rejecting the administration's offer to make him a diplomat, which would have changed the course of life and avoided the tragedies that shortly followed.


Dunaliella salina is one of the most salt-tolerant photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms.Glycerol is the key compatible solutes synthesized in saline cell for osmotic balance.Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPDH) is a key enzyme in glycerol metabolism of D.salina.Unlike GPDH reported from other species,the glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase from D.salina(Ds.GPDH) includes two independent domains:Ser-phosphatase domain(SGPP) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GPD) domain.Based on the cloned Ds.GPDH2 gene,we used the pMD18-T plasmid containing the full length of GPDH2(pMD18-T-GPDH2) as the template to amplify the segments of SGPP,GPD and GPDH which were used to construct the prokaryotic expression vectors of pET32a-SGPP,pET32a-GPD and pET32a-GPDH.The three recombinant proteins were expressed respectively in E.coli BL21 and purified successfully,and the antibodies of the three forms of proteins were prepared.The results of Western Blot and cross reaction indicated that the antibodies prepared by the recombinant proteins had high specificity.Fig 7,Ref 16


In this paper we construct a new integrable natural conservative mechanical system admitting a second invariant of the fourth degree in velocities. This system is quite general and involves 21 parameters. We also show that all systems with a quartic integral known up to date can be obtained from it as special cases by a relevant choice of the values of parameters. The results are applied to problems of particle and rigid body dynamics. New integrable cases are obtained as special versions of the new system. These cases include motions in a plane, Lobachevsky plane, sphere and surfaces of variable curvature. They also include generalizations of the classical cases of Kovalevskaya, Chaplygin and Goriatchev with the addition of certain singular terms to the potential.


Many students who make error in solving math problems especially on SPLDV material to bring researchers to do further analysis. The purpose of this paper is to describe the errors of students in solving the problem SPLDV. This study is a descriptive research with qualitative approach. Subjects in this study were students of class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Salam, Magelang District, with 32 students. data collection was performed by using test and non test instruments. The results of this study show that most students still make error in solving the SPLDV problem. The analysis by using the Newman stages. From the results of the study found that at the stage of reading students experience errors in reading commands written in the matter. In the comprehension stage students can make the equations by using the variables, but they do not explain the purpose of the variables used but the students also misinterpret the intent of the given problem. At the stage of transformation students difficulty in changing the contextual problem into the mathematical sentence. At the stage of process skill students make error in algebra operations that result in miscalculation so that student answers are wrong. At the encoding stage  the student has an error in converting the result into a constextual sentence or making a conclusion.


channel D (∗) s D (∗) s was selected in the state μνφD (∗) s . The branching ratio was measured to be Br(B s → D (∗) s D (∗) s ) = 0.071 ± 0.032(stat) +0.029 −0.025(syst). Since the D (∗) s D (∗) s system produced by the B s decay is mainly in the CP-even final state, this measurement provides an estimate of the width difference ∆ΓCP in the B 0 s − B̄ 0 s system. We find ∆ΓCP /Γ(B 0 s ) = 0.142 ± 0.064(stat) +0.058 −0.050(syst).


The forming process of inner helix rib tube is analyzed by FEM. The effect of parameters of inner helix rib on the heat transfer efficiency is investigated.


Biomimetic cross-linked polymersomes that exhibit a self-beating motion without any on-off switching are developed. The polymersomes are made from a well-defined synthetic thermoresponsive diblock copolymer, and the thermoresponsive segment includes ruthenium catalysts for the oscillatory chemical reaction and vinylidene groups to cross-link the polymersomes. Autonomous volume and shape oscillations of the cross-linked polymersomes are realized following redox changes of the catalysts.


This article proposes a scalable dual-polarized antenna using the compact cavity and slot-dipole hybrid structure for omnidirectional radiation. For the horizontal polarization, an open-ended cavity is uniformly excited at its TE1/2,0,0 mode to achieve omnidirectional coverage. Based on this thin cavity, a hybrid structure with slots and parasitic dipole stub pairs is designed for vertical polarization, providing an omnidirectional pattern in the azimuthal plane. The measured results show that dual-polarized radiations with port isolation higher than 25 dB and gain variations lower than 2.7 dB are achieved in the band of 2.39–2.49 GHz, covering the frequency band of wireless local area network (WLAN) system. Moreover, to validate the scalability of the proposed antenna, a cascaded array is contrived to realize high-gain omnidirectional radiation. Compared with the existing works, the proposed omnidirectional dual-polarized antenna has the advantages of both compact volume and array scalability, exhibiting promising usage for high-gain router applications.


Objective:To explore the effect of hydroxycamptothecin(HCPT) on hypoxia-induced expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha(HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) genes in cervical cancer SiHa cells.Methods:Human cervical cancer SiHa cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions(37℃,5% CO2,1% O2) in vitro.The cultured cells were treated with different concentrations of HCPT for 24 h.The mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF were determined by semiquantitive RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.The SiHa cells were also treated with HCPT under normal oxygen condition.SiHa cells in hypoxic control group were cultured under hypoxic conditions only.Results:There was no significant difference in the cytotoxicity induced by HCPT between hypoxic groups and normal control group.Under normal condition,SiHa cells did not express HIF-1α protein but weakly expressed VEGF protein.HCPT had no obvious effect on expression of HIF-1α and VEGF genes.Hypoxia significantly induced up-regulation of the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF.HCPT had significant inhibitory effects on the protein expression of HIF-1α and mRNA and protein expression of VEGF induced by hypoxia in a dose-dependent manner but had no obvious influence on mRNA expression of HIF-1α.Conclusion:HCPT inhibits hypoxia-induced over-expression of HIF-1α protein and the downstream VEGF gene in SiHa cells.


Current distributions on two plane, parallel electrodes embedded in the walls of a flow channel have been calculated for separation distance between electrodes to electrode length ratios of 0.5, 1, and 10. Secondary current distributions were calculated using the linear and Tafel polarization laws. Using the Tafel polarization law, current distributions were calculated at various fractions of the limiting current. In all cases considered, the electrodes are nearly independent of one another if the height to length ratio is ten or more.


Objective To investigate the best dosage of daunorubicin to establish a daunorubicin extravasation animal model.Methods Intradermal daunorubicin injection of 5 different dosages in New Zealand rabbits provided reproducible skin lesion,which were observed and examined under microscope.Results Control group(Group A: NS) revealed no lesion;Group B(DNR 0.2 mg/mL,equal to the dosage in human being) revealed no lesion;Group C,D,E(DNR 1 mg/mL,2 mg/mL,3 mg/mL,respectively)revealed endothelia shedding,inflammatory cells infiltration,epidermis edema,ulceration and necrosis in varying degrees.No significant difference(P0.05) there was within the 3 groups;Group F(DNR 4 mg/mL) led to obvious ulceration and necrosis.Conclusion Intradermal daunorubicin injection of 1,2 and 3 mg/mL provide reproducible skin lesion in rabbits,which provided animal model of daunorubcin extravasation.Two mg/ml was the recommended dosage.


June, 1989 Revised January 1993 May 1993 August 1993 Statistical design procedures exist for retaining anonymity of respondent's answers to sensitive, incriminating, or embarrassing characteristics, for pooling samples in disease prevalence and drug usage studies, and for efficient handling of overloads of analyses in analytical laboratories. They allow results not obtainable by other methods, decrease costs of sample laboratory analyses, allow for timely results, and in general, increase the efficiency and reliability of investigations. Payoffs can be substantial as illustrated with several samples. Sampling procedures and designs allowing estimation of population parameters while retaining anonymity for the respondent are required for many situations in survey sampling. Three such designs accomplishing this are randomized response, block total response, and randomized block total response. Sampling designs which can greatly reduce the number of laboratory analyses for a survey, appear little used and even unknown, e.g., the 1943 Dorfman group testing procedure. This particular group testing procedure as well as other methods of grouping or pooling are discussed to some extent. Three specific surveillance plans are briefly described. Sequential analyses of samples from a survey may be appropriate for some surveys and should be used. The examples and procedures described demonstrate the need for considering and perhaps using results from all areas of statistical design.


The syphilis is considered a public health problem, because in addition to increasing incidence rates it also has deleterious effects on the fetus when it occurs in pregnancy women. Perform a spatial analyses is great benefit, because is ideal tool for evaluate the distribution and identify areas with higher concentration of cases. This study has objective of the analyze the spatial distribution of the cases in syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis in the state of Espírito Santo in the period from 2011 to 2015. It's about in ecological study with spatial analyses of cases of syphilis notified in notification of injury information system using the software STATA 13 and Terra View 4.2.0. In study were included all reported cases syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis. On both maps is possible to observe a main cluster in the metropolitan area and north of the state. Numerous municipalities with high rate the detection of the syphilis in pregnant woman in some municipalities and may indicate that carrying out the notification of cases. However many municipalities did not present any rate of detection of syphilis in pregnant women suggesting underreporting the cases. In the many municipalities there is a low detection rate of syphilis in pregnant woman but high rates of congenital syphilis evidencing underreporting. The study evidenced priority areas in acting and municipalities in the high risk of disease. It is necessary also training and education in health of this population and health professionals.


Diffuse loadings of nutrients from agricultural areas is an acute problem for a great number of lakes in Finland. The concentrations of nutrients in the runoff waters tend to rise as the proportion of agricultural area increases. The loads and concentrations depend on several interacting parameters. Some of them are quite evident like weather, soil and landscape properties of the drainage basins, but the effects of human activities are still a complicated challenge for scientists. In this study the annual variations of nutrient concentrations of 21 small drainage areas of Lake Paajarvi (Southern Finland) were studied. The proportion of agricultural land varied from 0 to 54 %. High concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were generally associated with the proportion of cultivated land, but also with the spring storm flows. The concentration of inorganic nitrogen was clearly correlated with the proportion of fields. The maximum annual load of total nitrogen was 2065 and total phosphorus 51.3 kg km -2 a -1 from field dominated areas. The maximum load of total nitrogen was about 10 times higher than the minimum value observed in the forested drainage areas. The same relation was observed also in the total phosphorus loads.


The invention discloses a ship selective catalytic reduction emission-reducing system which comprises a mixer, wherein the mixer is used for mixing a reducing agent with engine smoke and is connected with a reactor smoke inlet; a reactor comprises a shell, a smoke inlet and a purified gas outlet are arranged on the shell, and a catalyst module is arranged in the shell; and the reducing agent is an urea aqueous solution. The invention has reasonable structure and high working performance; and when the even mixed gas of the reducing agent and the smoke passes through catalyst in the reactor, NOx in the smoke is selectively reduced into harmless nitrogen (N2) and water (H2O), thereby realizing the standard emission of the NOx.


Objective To evaluate the influence of precise liver resection techniques on intestinal permeability in the diseases needing liver resection.Methods Eighty-seven patients needing liver resection were randomized to receive the precise liver resection (n =58,PLR group) or the conventional liver resection (n =29,CLR group).D-lactate and and endotoxin in abdominal fluid were detected in all the patients.The abdominal fluid bacteria cultures were performed.Results The postoperative hospitalization time,the needed time of blood routine,temperature,and oppetite resuming were significantly shorter in PLR group than those in CLR group (t ≥7.36,P < 0.01) ; The postoperative abdominal effusion was significantly less in PLR group than that of CLR group(t ≥ 14.17,P <0.01).The abdominal fluid concentrations of D-lactate and endotoxin in operation or at 1d after operation were significantly higher than those at 5d after operation in both groups(t ≥10.41,P <0.01).Those parameters decreased significantly at 2d after operation,returned to the normal level at 3d after operation in PLR group,and those parameters were significantly lower in PLR group than those in CLR group at the same time phase after postoperative 2 or 3 days (t ≥9.23,P <0.01) ; Those parameters began to drop at 3d after operation,returned to the normal level at 5d after operation in CLR group.The positive rate of abdominal fluid bacteria cultures was significantly lower in PLR group than that in CLR group(13/29) (x2 =23.51,P < 0.01).Conclusions The precise liver resection techniques had an important influence on intestinal permeability in the diseases needing liver resection.

Key words:
Hepatectomy;  Intestines/physiopathology;  Endotoxins ;  Lactic acid


A new energy-saving controller for pumping units is designed.It can judge the under-well liquid supply ability according to detecting the motor power factor.The controller can prolong the exploitation life of low-output wells,and reduce the wear and tear of the machine parts and the electric cost.It has better ability of anti-jamming.Practice shows that the controller runs smoothly and reliably.


A wideband conical printed tapering quadrifilar helical antenna for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is presented. By wrapping four printed tapering helical strips on the surface of modified hollow conical dielectric rod and using wideband network with stable amplitude and phase distribution to feed, the proposed antenna are effectively designed to achieve wide bandwidth, desired gain and wide angle axial ratio characteristics, which are mainly required for GNSS receiver, especially for measured receiver with high precision.


A detailed analysis of the environmental geochemistry features of the sediments of two small lakes located in Petrozavodsk city was presented. Samples of lakes were collected in 2016 and 2018 using a peat drill for deep layers of sediments and a sampler Limnos for modern layers of deposits. In the laboratory, after the drying and abrasion of samples until the powder condition, sediments were measured by an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and mass-spectral method on a ХSeries-2 ICP-MS instrument. To have an environmental interpretation of results the sum indicator of pollution and index of geoaccumulation were calculated for each waterbody. The results showed the lake sediments of Petrozavodsk have different geochemistry features and various levels of pollution of heavy metals. In comparison with the background, such metals as Pb, Sb, V, Cu, Zn, W, and Bi have the highest level of accumulation in Petrozavodsk's lakes. At the same time, the sediments of lake Chetyrekhverstnoye characterized by pollution from low to middle level and the sediments of lake Lamba have a pollution level from low to extremely high values. Almost all metals are predominantly in mineral phases, however, metals significantly have an association with organic matter and exchange fractions that present dangerously due to the migration of pollutants in systems "from sediments into the water" and "from sediments into biota".


This report describes the formulation, results and conclusions of a series of numerical studies performed to support the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) In Situ Vitrification (ISV) treatability study. These studies were designed to explore some of the questions related to the dominant physical phenomena associated with the coupled electric field, heat transfer, and fluid flow processes. The work examines the case of a 3-D axisymmetric problem with a central electrode. Such issues as the form of an electric heating model, choice of boundary conditions, latent heat effects, and conductive and convective transport are considered. Some important conclusions and recommendations are made in relation to the convective effects, determination of property parameters, and the issue of a valid electrical heating model. 4 refs., 100 figs., 1 tab.


Author(s): Cowles, Kevin Esme; Critchlow, Matthew; Westbrook, Bradley | Abstract: At last year's Code4Lib conference Declan Fleming presented ALL TEH METADATAS and reviewed the UC San Diego Library Digital Asset Management system and RDF data model. You may be shocked to hear that all that metadata wasn't quite enough to handle increasingly complex digital library and research data in an elegant way. Our ad-hoc, 8-year-old data model has also been added to in inconsistent ways and our librarians and developers have not always been perfectly in sync in understanding how the data model has evolved over time.In this presentation we review our process of locking a team of librarians and developers in a room to figure out a new data model, from domain definition through building and testing an OWL ontology. We also cover the challenges we ran into, including the review of existing controlled vocabularies and ontologies, or lack thereof, and the decisions made to cover the gaps. Finally, we discuss how we engaged the digital library community for feedback and what we have to do next. We all know that Things Fall Apart; this is our attempt at Doing Better This Time.


The conception of infâq conveys a wide range of meanings embracing many different conceptions elaborated within the Koran. Infâq is attributed both to Allah -in its metaphorical meaning- and the human beings. The meaning attributed to Allah is understood as granting mankind material subservience. However the meaning attributed to human beings is understood as disposing of the possessed thing and spending them both for themselves and the others, helping the other, based on its lexical meaning. As for the infâq done by the Muslims, together with this lexical meaning is named as zakât (obligatory alms), alms, helping, material contribution to war (provided that it is in the path to Allah), nafaqah, teberru. In addition to all these, the material support provided by the disbelievers in order to destroy Islam and the Muslims, the helps and contributions made by hypocrites (munâfiqun) to Islam's army -though they are not good intentions- are assessed in the Koran within the work of infâq


As rightly noticed Albert Einstein: "the words written and spoken, language at all, seems to be irrelevant in the mechanism of my thought processes. That's images, more or less clear, appearing and connecting with each other on every request, are essential elements of thinking. " The image is a way to reach the majority of the population. With its help pass on subconscious messages to influence the decisions of customers. Generally commercial organizations and non-commercial use outdoor advertising, where their posting materials with their message of an advertising nature, information, educational, as the images themselves, or connected image with the content. How much impact they have on potential customer and gave in him certain behaviors, depends largely on how they are visually designed and what presents. The author of the article describes The attributes of visual message and how to use them. Indicates the examples of actions that are being taken to improve the attractiveness and effectiveness of messages by means of an image. Based on an analysis of the images appearing on outdoor was made analysis of policing increase the attractiveness of communication. In addition, the article presents the results of focus groups and individual interviews on the perception of outdoor advertising, including mainly the graphic part, by the public, which confirmed the effectiveness of actions.


A new ensemble algorithm based on K-means clustering and probabilistic neural network called K-means- PNN for classifying the industrial system faults is presented. The proposed technique consists of a preprocessing unit based on K-means clustering and probabilistic neural network. Given a set of data points, firstly the K-means algorithm is used to obtain K-temporary clusters, and then PNN is used to diagnose faults. To validate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed scheme, K-means-PNN is applied to diagnose the faults in TE Process and compared with K-means clustering and back-propagation neural network called K-means-BP, algorithm. Simulation studies show that the proposed K-means-PNN algorithm compared with K-means-BP algorithm not only improves the accuracy in fault classification but also is a reliable and computationally efficient tool.


Networks of several distinct types of social tie are aggregated by a dual model that partitions a population while simultaneously identifying patterns of relations. Concepts and algorithms are demonstrated in five case studies involving up to 100 persons and up to eight types of tie, over as many as 15 time periods. In each case the model identifies a concrete social structure. Role and position concepts are then identified and interpreted in terms of these new models of concrete social structure. Part II, to be published in the May issue of this Journal (Boorman and White 1976), will show how the operational meaning of role structures in small populations can be generated from the sociometric blockmodels of Part I.


Kristy is trying to convince Mrs. Fedler that her autistic daughter Susan is "normal" enough to attend special ed classes at Stoneybrook. But as Kristy continues to babysit for Susan, she sadly realizes that Susan will never be one of the "regular kids". So, Kristy says goodbye to her new friend, but is satisfied that Susan will be happier at a special school with other children like herself.


This investigation of intellectual disability in the Middle Ages uncovers narratives of this perceived condition in the historical sources. Authors of normative texts, for instance, medical, legal, and natural-philosophical authorities, were the medieval equivalent of modern scientific experts with regard to defining, assessing, and controlling notions of intellectual disability. This new and specific discussion seeks to reframe the paradigm of what constituted intellectual disability at different periods in both medieval and modern times. Philosophically, and subsequently judicially, medieval intellectual disability was considered the absence of reason, representing the irrational, which contrasted the mentally disabled with the Aristotelian concept of the human being as the rational animal. Medieval terminology employed a fluidity of definitions, which highlights the constructedness of terms revolving around intellectual disability. Analyses of the culturally specific constructions of intellectual disability enhance our knowledge of the intellectual heritage underpinning current concepts of cognitive and mental pathologies.


OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC method for the content determination of Hesperidin in Kaixiong shunqi pills. METHODS: The analytical column was Nucleosil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,10 μm) and the mobile phase consisted of methanol - glacial acetic acid -water(35∶4∶61) as a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The detection wavelength was 283 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of Hesperidin was 0.432~5.184 μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 100.9% (RSD=0.9%,n=6).CONCLUSION: The method is simple, accurate, reproducible and precise, and applicable for the determination of hesperidin in Kaixiong shunqi pills.


There is a possibility of traditional Russian religions potential considered in the process of family and reproductive socialization of the youth. Great significance, which Orthodoxy and Islam attach to the family, parenthood and childhood values is highlighted. The role of men in the process of family creation and population reproduction is actualized.


The effect that welfare has on adult labor supply has been debated by economists. For mothers who participate in the biggest and first Conditional Cash Transfer Program implemented in Latin AmericaMexico's Oportunidadestheir working hours can be affected due to requirements of the program. By using Mexico's most recent income expenditure survey, ENIGH 2008, and based on a previous study done by Oehler (2005) which looked at the effect of the program on adult labor supply, this study focuses on the change in working hours that Oportunidades has on participating mothers. After replicating Oehler's model, the results are consistent and show that there is a decrease of working hours per month for participating mothers. Nevertheless, if other control variables such as work, household and individual characteristics are added to the original model, the effect of the program on mothers is reversed. The implications of this increase in working hours for mothers benefitting from the program in comparison to those not part of the program can be seen as a positive externality that does not conflict with Oportunidades' twofold objective of increasing income and fostering human capital.


Snow-tracking is important for elucidating patterns of carnivore behavior, but misclassifying tracks reduces the accuracy of snow-tracking studies. Quantitative methods improve accuracy by distinguishing between similar tracks left by different carnivores. American marten (Martes americana) and fisher (Pekania pennanti) tracks are difficult to distinguish. We studied martens and fishers in northern Wisconsin, USA, during winter 2008–2010, to determine whether dimensions of tracks left in snow differed by snow conditions, and if marten and fisher tracks could be accurately classified by analyzing track dimensions that controlled for snow conditions. Snow depth, snow compaction, and crust depth correlated strongly with fisher step depth. Classification trees accurately classified marten and fisher tracks, and were 5–14% more accurate when track dimensions controlled for snow conditions. Species-only classifications were 91–96% accurate. Trees that classified sex and species were 75–89% accurate, indicating that snow-tracking can be used to estimate sex-specific marten and fisher habitat selection, distribution, and abundance. Controlling for snow conditions improves track classification accuracy for martens and fishers, and would likely improve classification accuracy for other carnivores. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.


This paper explores the performance of a DC-DC converter based with current mode controller photovoltaic (PV) simulator which emulates the output characteristics of a real PV module. A portable PV simulator prototype of 85 W is examined in terms of its steady state IV curve matching capacity and the convergence time corresponding to step change in current source load, voltage source load, and insolation levels. The current-voltage (IV) characteristics of the PV module are implemented as a look-up-table (LUT) which determines the reference output current from measured output voltage. A Thevenin Equivalent Method approach to PV arrays analysis is also included in order to model the small-signal linearized characteristics. Extensive simulation results obtained in MATLAB are included to show that the PV simulator can work in most situations as a real PV module. Preliminary experimental results verify performance with current-source and voltage-source loads.


Objective:To observe the effect of early positive rehabilitative intervention on cerebral blood flow of patients with hemiplegia following cerebral infarction and evaluate the outcome and markers of early positive rehabilitative intervention.Methods:Eighty-seven patients with hemiplegia following cerebral infarction were divided into observation group (n=48) and routine group (n=39) consecutively.Forty-six healthy volunteers at the same period served as healthy control groups.The patients in rehabilitation group were treated with drug and rehabilitative intervention (Bobath technique),and those in control group only with drug.The average cerebral blood flow of both middle cerebral artery in rehabilitation group,control group and health control group was examined by using transcranial Doppler.The function of paralysis limbs was assessed by using Fugl-Meyer technique.Results:The scale of Fugl-Meyer was obviously increased in both groups after treatment for 30 days as compared with that before treatment (P0.01).The average cerebral blood flow of MCA on the abnormal and normal sides in observation and routine groups was less than in control group (P0.01 or 0.05) before treatment.After treatment,the average cerebral blood flow of MCA in observation group was increased obviously as compared with that before treatment,and there was no significant difference in comparison with control group.The average cerebral blood flow of MCA on the affected side in routine group was obviously increased after treatment in comparison with that before treatment,but less than in control group and observation group.Conclusion:The early positive rehabilitative intervention can increase the average cerebral blood flow of MCA in patients with hemiplegia following cerebral infarction and accelerate the functional restoration.TCD can be regarded as an early marker to evaluate the early outcome and is superior to the scale of Fugl-Meyer.


Continuous cooling transformation(CCT)behaviors of X80 and X100 low-carbon microalloyed pipeline steels were investigated under the undeformed and deformed conditions,respectively.The corresponding CCT diagrams were constructed by using a Gleeble-2000 thermomechanical simulator,and microstructure of the steels at different cooling rates and deformation conditions was observed by OM,SEM and TEM.The results show that polygonal ferrite and pearlite can be formed at low cooling rates,massive ferrite,granular ferrite,acicular ferrite and bainitic ferrite can be obtained with increase of the cooling rate.Furthermore,hot deformation can strongly promote the formation of acicular ferrite,that is,the transformation temperature of acicular ferrite is increased by 50-100 ℃,this leads to CCT curves move towards the top left corner,which results in grain refining and more random orientation.


There has been considerable hype about filter bubbles and echo chambers influencing the views of information consumers. The fear is that these technologies are undermining democracy by swaying opinion and creating an uninformed, polarised populace. The literature in this space is mostly techno-centric, addressing the impact of technology. In contrast, our work is the first research in the information interaction field to examine changing viewpoints from a human-centric perspective. It provides a new understanding of view change and how we might support informed, autonomous view change behaviour. We interviewed 18 participants about a self-identified change of view, and the information touchpoints they engaged with along the way. In this paper we present the information types and sources that informed changes of viewpoint, and the ways in which our participants interacted with that information. We describe our findings in the context of the techno-centric literature and suggest principles for designing digital information environments that support user autonomy and reflection in viewpoint formation.


Iron oxide nanoparticles excite researcher interest in biomedical applications due to their low cost, biocompatibility and superparamagnetism properties. Magnetic iron oxide especially magnetite (Fe3O4) possessed a superparamagnetic behaviour at certain nanosize which beneficial for drug and gene delivery, diagnosis and imaging. The properties of nanoparticles mainly depend on their synthesis procedure. There has been a massive effort in developing the best synthetic strategies to yield appropriate physico-chemical properties namely co-precipitation, thermal decomposition, microemulsions, hydrothermal and sol-gel. In this review, it is discovered that magnetite nanoparticles are best yielded by co-precipitation method owing to their simplicity and large production. However, its magnetic saturation is within range of 70-80 emu/g which is lower than thermal decomposition and hydrothermal methods (80-90 emu/g) at 100 nm. Dimension wise, less than 100 nm is produced by co-precipitation method at 70°C-80°C while thermal decomposition and hydrothermal methods could produce less than 50 nm but at very high temperature ranging between 200°C and 300°C. Thus, co-precipitation is the optimum method for pre-compliance magnetite nanoparticles preparation (e.g., 100 nm is fit enough for biomedical applications) since thermal decomposition and hydrothermal required more sophisticated facilities.


As walnut is rich in a variety of nutrition composition like fat,protein,minerals and vitamins,etc.and of the medicinal value,it is strongly favored by consumers at home and abroad.Mineral nutrition is foundation for walnut tree's growth,output formation and fruit quality improvement.The fruit tree's nutrition diagnosis is one of the effective technical to know about the fruit nutrition state and to guide rational fertilization for trees.The paper summarized research advances in major walnut organs nutrient change rules to provide assistance for research about the nutrient and rational fertilization for walnut trees,and to provide technical support for the walnut producers.


OBJECTIVE Using the theory of extension to evaluate the effect of new rural cooperative medical system.METHODS Establishing the matter-element model for evaluation objects,and using dependent function and degree evaluation method to analysis the data of six county of a city.RESULTS The degree of NO.1county is the highest,followed by NO.4,NO.6,NO.5,NO.3,NO.2.CONCLUSIONS The degree evaluation method is practical and exercisable,the results by it coincides with the actual situation,and it can provide a new way of thinking for the decision-making and management personnel.


Interest in exploring endophytic fungi has increased in recent years, especially those associated with medicinal plants, reflecting the great potential of these microorganisms for the production of bioactive substances. Medicinal plants shelter a high diversity of endophytes that represent targets for use in biotechnological processes. These fungi synthetize several compounds that can be used in pharmaceutical, agricultural and other industries. Additionally, endophytes produce many bioactive metabolites involved in host-endophyte symbiosis, such as those that increase resistance to stressful conditions, alter physiological properties, and produce phytohormones, toxins, antimicrobial compounds and medicinal substances, immunosuppressants, antitumoral agents, and other biotechnological substances of interest, such as enzymes. In this review, information regarding plant interactions with endophytes is highlighted, contributing to a better understanding of this association, benefits and potential for biotechnological utilization.


Abstract Four nonlactating Holstein heifers were assigned randomly to a 4 × 4 Latin-square trial. The four diets were urea-treated corn silage and early-cut wilted haycrop silage in dry matter ratios of 100:0, 67:33, 33:67, 0:100, plus 125 g/day of a vitamin-mineral supplement. Feed was offered at .9 times recommended National Research Council (1966) allowances for maintenance and growth. Associative feeding effects were evaluated by comparing predicted and observed animal responses to mixed forage treatments. Ration digestibility and energy and nitrogen balances were determined for each ration. Corn silage was lower in fat, fiber, and minerals but nearly equal in protein to haycrop silage. Digestibility of gross energy, crude protein, dry matter, and ether extract was higher for the 100% corn silage diet than for the 100% haycrop silage diet; the other two diets were intermediate. Percentages of ingested energy lost as feces, urine, methane, and heat were lowest and tissue retention highest for the 100% corn silage diet. There was no difference among treatments for percent nitrogen in urine, but tissue nitrogen balance was highest on the all corn silage diet. Positive associative feeding effects were nil. Urea-treated corn silage was more digestible and promoted greater energy and nitrogen retention than did haycrop silage containing a similar amount of crude protein.


The development of nonprecious electrocatalysts with high hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity for water splitting is highly desirable but remains a significant challenge. Molybdenum disulfid...


The article deals with the current problem of the environmental competence and its training for the children of preschool and primary school age. The authors of the article analyze various scientific approaches to the definition of the concept of "environmental competence" and its senior preschool and primary school age specific features. It has been proved that this particular age is favorable for acquiring knowledge about thenature, understanding environmental interdependencies and the formation of children's emotional and value attitude to the environment.The authors identify such essential components of senior preschool children and primary school children's environmental competence as the knowledge of theenvironment and its interactions; self-awareness as part of the great world; and basic environmental and conservation activities.The research makes the main emphasis on investigating the issue of creating a subject environment in the institution of preschool education and elementary school to familiarize children with the environment and to form their environmental competence. The main elements of this subject environment are defined as "an ecological path", pets' corner and a preschool garden. The article reveals the essence of continuity of primaryschool students' environmental competence formation. The analysis confirms the following features of the environmental competence formation: Science lessons are the main form of introducing environment to primary schoolchildren; a personal significance is an important criterion for the training; the systematic use of environmentally friendly material and its regular use at different lessons is essential; the information about environment should not be separated and fragmented, but ordered in a specific, logically constructed and complete system.


Improvement to the fracture toughness of an unsaturated polyester resin and composites by the addition of amine terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile (ATBN) rubber has been investigated. Addition of 6pph ATBN rubber gave a modest gain in fracture toughness of the resin. Electron microscopy studies showed that large agglomerates of a mixture of the rubber and the base resin were formed rather than discrete droplets of the rubber, and this is considered to be the reason for the modest gain in fracture toughness. Unidirectional glass fibre reinforced composites, made with ATBN toughened resin, showed significant gains in inter-laminar fracture toughness. The increased inter-laminar fracture toughness of the rubber modified resin is considered to be due to a combination of localised bonding between rubber/resin agglomerates and the glass fibres, and the lower tensile strength and flexural modulus of the rubber modified resin.


Abstract Firstly in this article, the exact solution of a time fractional Burgers' equation, where the derivative is conformable fractional derivative, with dirichlet and initial conditions is found byHopf-Cole transform. Thereafter the approximate analytical solution of the time conformable fractional Burger's equation is determined by using a Homotopy Analysis Method(HAM). This solution involves an auxiliary parameter ~ which we also determine. The numerical solution of Burgers' equation with the analytical solution obtained by using the Hopf-Cole transform is compared.


Afterglow imaging that detects photons after cessation of optical excitation avoids tissue autofluorescence and thus possesses higher sensitivity than traditional fluorescence imaging. Purely organic molecules with room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) have emerged as a new library of benign afterglow agents. However, most RTP luminogens only emit visible light with shallow tissue penetration, constraining their in vivo applications. This study presents an organic RTP nanoprobe (mTPA‐N) with emission in the NIR range for in vivo afterglow imaging. Such a probe is composed of RTP molecule (mTPA) as the phosphorescent generator and an NIR‐fluorescent dye as the energy acceptor to enable room‐temperature phosphorescence resonance energy transfer (RT‐PRET), ultimately resulting in redshifted phosphorescent emission at 780 nm. Because of the elimination of background noise and redshifted afterglow luminescence in a biologically transparent window, mTPA‐N permits imaging of lymph nodes in living mice with a high signal‐to‐noise ratio. This study thus opens up a universal approach to develop organic RTP luminogens into NIR afterglow imaging agents via construction of RT‐PRET.


Illustrations Series Preface Introduction: Bodies in History - The Task of the Historian Ivan Crozier, University of Edinburgh, UK 1 Death and Birth Malcolm Nicolson, University of Glasgow, UK 2 Performing the Western Sexual Body after 1920 Ivan Crozier, University of Edinburgh, UK 3 The Technological Fix and the Modern Body: Surgery as a Paradigmatic Case Thomas Schlich, McGill University, Canada 4 Diseased Bodies in the Modern World Anna Crozier, University of Exeter, UK 5 Popular Beliefs Dan O'Connor, Johns Hopkins University, USA 6 Beauty and Concepts of the Ideal Christopher E. Forth, University of Kansas, USA 7 Re-markable Bodies Anna Cole, University of London, UK and Anna Haebich, Griffith University, Australia 8 Body Marks, Bestial/Divine/Natural: An Essay into the Social and Biotechnological Imaginaries, 1920-2005 and Bodies to Come Michael M. J. Fischer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA 9 Dissolution, Reconstruction, and Reaction in Visual Art, 1920 to the Present Ana Carden-Coyne, University of Manchester, UK 10 The History of the Body: Self and Society, 1920-2000 D. M. Vyleta, Independent scholar, USA Notes Bibliography Contributors Index


Objectives: To study treatment and duration of acute pain post-injury in burned patients.Methods: Burned patients were divided into three groups: cooling therapy group (outpatients,Group 1),tramadol hydrochloride sustained release tablets group(Inpatients,Group 2) and tramadol hydrochloride injection group(Inpatients,Group 3).Degree of pain was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) before analgesic therapy.Duration of acute pain,dosage and times of treatment and dosing interval was observed.Results: Duration of acute pain in group 1 was 7.1±2.3 h.200.0±62.9mg of tramadol hydrochloride was administrated in group 2,the times 2.2±0.8,the dosing interval was 11.2±2.3 h.295.0±76.0 mg of tramadol hydrochloride was administrated in group 3,the administration times of treatment were 3.2±0.9,the dosing interval was 6.9±1.3 h.No difference of pain degree(VAS) was observed before analgesic therapy among three groups(P0.05).Conclusion: Duration of acute pain of the majority of burned patients was most probably no more than 36 h post-burn.The first 10 hours post-injury may be very important for the treatment of acute pain.


A method for correcting for detector smearing effects using machine learning techniques is presented. Compared to the standard approaches the method can use more than one reconstructed variable to infere the value of the unsmeared quantity on event by event basis. The method is implemented using a sequential neural network with a categorical cross entropy as the loss function. It is tested on a toy example and is shown to satisfy basic closure tests. Possible application of the method for analysis of the data from high energy physics experiments is discussed.


Combinatorial designs have long had substantial application in the statistical design of experiments, and in the theory of error-correcting codes. Applications in experimental and theoretical computer science have emerged, along with connections with the theory of cryptographic communication. In this paper, we focus on another collection of recent applications in the general area of communications , including cryptography and networking. Applications have been chosen to represent those in which design theory plays a useful, and sometimes central, role. Moreover, applications have been chosen to reeect in addition the genesis of new and interesting problems in design theory in order to treat the practical concerns. Of many candidates, thirteen applications areas have been included. They are as follows:


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of acupuncture on hot flushes and other menopause-related symptoms used in an integrated system, including such therapeutic techniques as diet therapy and Tuina self-massage.

DESIGN
Randomized trial.

SETTING
Outpatient center.

PARTICIPANTS
One hundred women in spontaneous menopause with at least three episodes of hot flushes daily were randomly allocated to two treatment groups (50 per group): Women in group A were given diet, self-massage training, and treatment with acupuncture, and women in group B (the control group) were given the same diet and self-massage training, but treatment with acupuncture started 6 weeks after they were enrolled into the study.

INTERVENTION
Acupuncture treatments were scheduled twice weekly for 6 consecutive weeks.

OUTCOME MEASURES
Mean change in frequency and/or intensity in menopause-related symptoms were estimated by questionnaire after treatment at week 4.

RESULTS
Treatment with acupuncture significantly reduced the occurrence of hot flushes and sudden sweating (p<.001). Other symptoms (sleep disorders, tightness in the chest, irritability, bone pain, feeling depressed) significantly improved.

CONCLUSIONS
Acupuncture in an integrated system that includes therapeutic techniques such as diet therapy and Tuina self-massage can be used to treat hot flushes and selected symptoms in postmenopausal women.


Sleep is a state in which the human mind and body are rested, while prospective memory helps humans remember future tasks or plan future events.[1] This study used the Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory (CAPM) and the Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI) to assess whether sleep quality affects prospective memory performance. The results showed that participants with PSQI scores between 6 and 21 had significantly lower CAPM scores than those between 0 and 5. Therefore this paper shows poor sleep quality, as measured by PSQI scores, was associated with a higher frequency of prospective memory failure. This result suggests better sleep quality is associated with better performance in prospective memory. Prospective memory is crucial to our daily life, and loss of prospective memory can have dire consequences. For example, people with diabetes forget to take their daily insulin injections. Thats why research on prospective memory is essential.


Objective: To investigate the significance of monitoring abnormal muscle responses during microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. Methods: 32 patients of hemifacial spasm underwent microvascular decompression under monitoring of intraoperative abnormal muscle responses. Relationships between disappearance of intraoperative abnormal muscle responses and curative effect were observed. Results: In 27 patients, the abnormal responses disappeared when the blood vessel was separated from the facial nerve in operation, and in 26 of them, facial spasm immediately disappeared after operation, and in 1 of them, facial spasm disappeared during follow-up phase. In another 5 patients, the abnormal responses did not disappear when the blood vessel was separated from the facial nerve, and in 1 of them, facial spasm immediately disappeared after operation, and in 2 of them, facial spasm eased during follow -up phase. Conclusion: The monitoring intraoperative abnormal muscle responses are useful to judge the effectiveness of the decompression and improve the recovery rate.


Although Dr Upshur and Mr Tracy agree[1][1] with us that the practice of medicine should be based on sound research, they argue that evidence-based medicine (EBM) is overrated because of vagueness and incompleteness; incongruence with the realities of family medicine; ubiquity and overexposure; and


This chapter describes mobile payment, a mobile financial activity born of digital revolution, which is the combination of electronic money and mobile technology. The underlying technologies of mobile payment, its big players, and its status quo and future trend are discussed. In addition, this chapter discusses how mobile payment is related to social equality and social inclusion. Through presenting the historical, technical, economic, and social aspects of mobile payment, this chapter intends to provide readers with a holistic view of one of the fast-evolving financial activities that are transforming business, individuals, and the society.


A source sequence is described by the index of the codeword in some codebook C that is closest to it according to the distortion measure d/sub 0/(x,x/spl circ//sub 1/). We study the distortion associated with reconstructing the source sequence so as to minimize the distortion measured by d/sub 1/(x,x/spl circ//sub 1/), which is in general different from d/sub 0/(x,x/spl circ//sub 0/). Using a random coding argument we derive an upper bound on the resulting distortion. Applying this bound to blocks of source symbols we construct a sequence of bounds which are shown to converge to the least distortion achievable in this setup. This solves the rate distortion dual of an open problem related to the mismatched capacity of channels. Addressing a different kind of mismatch, we also study mean-squared-error description of non-Gaussian sources with Gaussian codebooks. It is shown that the use of a Gaussian codebook to compress any ergodic source results in an average distortion which depends on the source only via its second moment. The hardest source to describe is the memoryless Gaussian source, and it is best described using a Gaussian codebook. Once a Gaussian codebook is used, we show that all sources of a given second moment become equally hard to describe.


Estuary is mixing of salt water and fresh water. Therefore Estuary is interisting object to investigation by researcher. Estuary Phenomenon of hydraulic Estuary was dynamic so this research to use numerical model. This model can to be used forecasting for salinity intrution on Estuary or River. Set up model numerical for several variation of Estuary cross section, discharge and tides. Which Saint Venant equation especially on continuity and momentum equation whice is shown water surface (tides) and discharge flow in the river. The result computation then be coupled with the result of dispertion equation. Stability of the scheme was checked with Courant Number and Peclet Number. This Model was verification with electric conductivity (EC). Keywords: tides, discharge Permalink: http://www.ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/mkts/article/view/3951 [How to cite: Salamun, 2006, Pendugaan Instrusi Air Laut di Sungai, Jurnal Media Komunikasi Teknik Sipil , Volume 14, Nomor 3, pp. 251-259]


The simulation of electronic circuits is at present faced with the problem of the increasing complexity of these circuits. We are presenting a new approach (in two complementary parts), designed to remove this barrier. - Macromodelisation: based on external characteristics of an electronic box, an automatic modelisation system provides a set of algebrodifferential relations enabling these characteristics to be brought together easily (1). - Functional Simulation : Simulation of the functioning of such interconnected boxes (with their associated models).


If a closed curve in space is a trivial knot (intuitively, one can untie it without cutting) then it is the boundary of some disk with no self-intersections. In this paper we investigate the minimum number of faces of a polyhedral spanning disk of a polygonal knot with <italic>n</italic> segments. We exhibit a knot whose minimal spanning disk has exp(<italic>cn</italic>) faces, for some positive constant <italic>c</italic>.


The RCS similarity evaluation is an important content of non-cooperative target model assessment. Aiming at the problems of the existing similarity measurement methods applied to the RCS similarity evaluation of non-cooperative target model, this paper proposes an algorithm which can quantitatively reflect the RCS similarity of non-cooperative target model. In order to better adapt to different data sets and make the algorithm more flexible, the weighting operators and penalty factors are introduced to further optimize the algorithm.


Barren, III, et al., 1997, The Prostate 30:65–68. Brandt et al., 1996, "Isolation of single cancer cells and coherent cell sheets from peripheral blood of cancer patients with reference to shedded cytokeratin Aug. 18 and erbB-2 oncoprotein fragments", Proc. Am. Assn. Cancer Res. 37:80 (abstract 555). Brandt et al., 1997, "Breast cancer metastasis: separation of double-positive cytokeratin/c-erbB-2-double positive Single and clustered cells from peripheral blood of patients', Proc. Am. Assn. Cancer Res. 38:268 (abstract 1798). Brandt et al., 1997, "Circulating prostate-specific antigen/ CD14-double-positive cells: a biomarker indicating low risk for hematogeneous metastasis of prostate cancer, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 89:174. Gregorakis et al., 1998, "Prostate-specific membrane anti gen: current and future utility', Sem. Urologic Oncology 16:2-12. Murphy et al., 1998, "Current evaluation of the tissue localization and diagnostic utility of prostate Specific mem brane antigen", Cancer 83:2259-2269. Murphy et al., 1996, "Measurement of prostate-specific membrane antigen in the Serum with a new antibody', The ProState 28:266-271. Hamdy et al., 1992, British Journal of Urology 69:392–396. Parks, D.R., 1986, "Flow cytometry and fluorescence acti vated cell sorting (FACS)", Chapter 29, in: Handbook of Experimental Immunology, vol. 1: Immunology, Weir et al. (eds.), Blackwell Scientific Publications, Boston MA, pp. 29.1-29.21. Carter et al., 1996, "Prostate-specific membrane antigen is a hydrolase with Substrate and pharmacologic characteristics of a neuropeptidase", PNAS USA, 93:749–753. Catalona et al., 1996, "Evaluation of percentage of free Serum prostate-specific antigen to improve Specificity of prostate cancer screening", JAMA,274:1214-1220. Doornbos et al., 1994, "Visible diode lasers can be used for flow cytometric immunofluorescence and DNA analysis", Cytometry, 15:267-271. Gardiner, et al., 1996, "Abnormal prostatic cells in ejacu lates from men with prostatic cancer—a preliminary report', British J. Urology, 78:414-418. Glade et al., 1996, "Multiparameter flow cytometric char acterization in epidermal cell Suspensions prepared from normal and hyperproliferative human skin using optimized thermolysin-trypsin protocol', Arch. Dermatol. Res., 288:203-210.


To protect the driver in case of a tractor overturn, narrow-track tractors, mainly used for working under trees or in vineyards, can be equipped with a foldable roll-over protective structure (FROPS) generally consisting of a two-pillar front-mounted foldable rollbar. FROPSs have been mainly developed to offer greater mobility when working in low overhead clearance zones (CZs) and more storage options. However, many fatalities and serious injuries in Italy are due to overturn of narrow tractors with FROPS not in safety configuration. The reason lies on that lowering and raising a conventional FROPS is a time-consuming and strenuous process. After operators fold down FROPS to pass a low overhead CZ, some prefer to leave it in the folded or inoperative position, increasing the risk of a roll-over fatality. Italian Workers Compensation Authority (Inail) collects injury reports of workers covered by compulsory accident insurance. However, for agricultural sector Inail set up in 2008 a national observatory to add data and information on fatalities in agriculture covering workers, even those not Inail insured. From these data it appears that about 10 fatalities per year occur in Italy involving folded ROPS. The aim of the analysis in this article is to make a survey on the FROPS issue considering both what is required by Mother Regulation (Regulation (EU) 167/2013) for new tractors and the achievable technical solutions to be applied on old tractors for reducing the misuse of FROPS.


Based on the flexible multi-body dynamics,a coupling model of piston motion,deformation and mixed lubrication was established,which fully expressed the piston dynamics and mixed lubrication characteristics.The effects of piston rough surface geometry parameters on mixed lubrication characteristics were studied.The results show that the maximum contact pressure decreases and the fluid friction power loss increases with the increase of roughness.The average height of asperity and the scattering of asperity height have a great influence on contact pressure.Consequently,it is essential to select a suitable roughness and to minimize the average height of asperity and its scattering degree as much as possible in the tribology design of piston surface.


A single point study of atmospheric pollution has been carried out in Granada (Spain); suspended particulate matter, sulphur oxides, ammoniac, nitrogen dioxide and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined. There were variations in relation to the month and the day of the week. The PAHs have been determined through HPLC, with a mobile phase of acetonitrile–water (75–25). The results of measurements of benzo(a)pyrene were between 1.006 and 0.485 μ m−3 in two different periods of sampling.


Explains how social scientists can evaluate the reliability and validity of empirical measurements, discussing the three basic types of validity: criterion related, content, and construct. In addition, the paper shows how reliability is assessed by the retest method, alternative-forms procedure, split-halves approach, and internal consistency method.


Defines an Islamic bank, notes their rapid growth in the last twenty years and explains the financial instruments they use to conform with the prohibition on interest. Considers how they might enhance both urban and rural development in Islamic countries, and the feasibility of an Islamic futures market. Describes the operations of the Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (the first in SE Asia) and assesses its domestic and international performance, providing many statistical appendices. Recognizes some outstanding problems (e.g. suitable training, legal framework etc.) but believes the bank has great potential for assisting development and shows that "banking without interest is feasible",


The principal objective of the current study is to analyze the Brownian motion and thermophoretic impacts on micropolar nanofluid flow over a nonlinear inclined stretching sheet taking into account the Soret and Dufour effects. The compatible similarity transformations are applied to obtain the nonlinear ordinary differential equations from the partial differential equations. The numerical solution of the present study obtained via the Keller-Box technique. The physical quantities of interest are skin friction, Sherwood number, and heat exchange, along with several influences of material parameters on the momentum, temperature, and concentration are elucidated and clarified with diagrams. A decent settlement can be established in the current results with previously published work in the deficiency of incorporating effects. It is found that the growth of the inclination and nonlinear stretching factor decreases the velocity profile. Moreover, the growth of the Soret effect reduces the heat flux rate and wall shear stress.


Calerythrin is a 20 kDa calcium‐binding protein isolated from gram‐positive bacterium Saccharopolyspora erythraea. Based on amino acid sequence homology, it has been suggested that calerythrin belongs to the family of invertebrate sarcoplasmic EF‐hand calcium‐binding proteins (SCPs), and therefore it is expected to function as a calcium buffer. NMR spectroscopy was used to obtain structural information on the protein in solution. Backbone and side chain 1H, 13C, and 15N assignments were obtained from triple resonance experiments HNCACB, HN(CO)CACB, HNCO, CC(CO)NH, and [15N]‐edited TOCSY, and HCCH‐TOCSY. Secondary structure was determined by using secondary chemical shifts and characteristic NOEs. In addition, backbone N‐H residual dipolar couplings were measured from a spin‐state selective [1H, 15N] correlation spectrum acquired from a sample dissolved in a dilute liquid crystal. Four EF‐hand motifs with characteristic helix‐loop‐helix patterns were observed. Three of these are typical calcium‐binding EF‐hands, whereas site 2 is an atypical nonbinding site. The global fold of calerythrin was assessed by dipolar couplings. Measured dipolar couplings were compared with values calculated from four crystal structures of proteins with sequence homology to calerythrin. These data allowed us to recognize an overall similarity between the folds of calerythrin and sarcoplasmic calcium‐binding proteins from the sandworm Nereis diversicolor and the amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum.


PART ONE. What's Best in Speaking And Writing? Introduction: Defining "Speech" and "Writing" 1. Speech and Writing as They Are Used: The Role of Culture 2. What's Good about Writing 3. Speaking as a Process: What Can It Offer Writing? 4. Speech as a Product: Eight Virtues in Careless Spoken Language that Careful Writing Needs 5. Intonation: A Virtue for Writing Found at the Root of Everyday Speech 6. Can We Really Have the Best of Both Worlds? PART TWO. A Role for the Tongue During the Early Stages of Writing: Treating Speech as Writing Introduction: More Defining 7. What is Speaking Onto the Page and How Does Freewriting Teach it? 8. Where Else Do We See Unplanned Speaking onto the Page? 9. Objections to Speaking onto the Page-And Responses 10. The Need for Care: Unplanned Speaking onto the Page is Never Enough PART THREE. A Role for the Tongue During Late Revising: Reading Aloud and Treating Writing as Speech Introduction 11. Revising by Reading Aloud. What the Mouth and the Ear Know 12. How Does Revising by Reading Aloud Actually Work? 13. Punctuation: Living with Two Traditions 14. Good Enough Punctuation by Reading Aloud and Listening 15. How Speech Can Improve Organization in Writing: Form as Energy 16. Summary Chapter: The Benefits of Speaking onto the Page and Reading Aloud PART FOUR. Vernacular Literacy Introduction: Dante and Vulgar Eloquence 17. Our Present Culture of Proper Literacy and How It Tries To Exclude Speech 18. A New Culture of Vernacular Literacy is on the Horizon Appendix I. How Freewriting Went from Dangerous to No Big Deal in the Composition and Rhetoric Community Appendix II. A list of Publications Written in Nonprestige Nonstandard Versions of English Appendix III. A List of Published Works by Peter Elbow


Winter season variations of physicochemical parameters of water of coral reef were studied at three different sites of Poshitra cluster in the Gulf of Kachchh (GoK), India. These sites come under Marine National Park and Sanctuary and it is demarked as Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The study sites were selected on the basis of their ecological importance. These sites are having rich marine diversity and especially good coral presence. The study was carried out on the monthly basis from Nov'11 to Feb'12. Some of the water parameters are analyzed on site and others in lab. Winter season variations of different parameters investigated were as follows: pH (8.02-9.89), Temperature (19.90-29.40 °C), Dissolve oxygen (5.20-8.60 mg/l), Turbidity (3.24-20.80 NTU), and Salinity (33.8-40.0 ppt).


Seismic surveys in connection to oil and gas activities have the potential to disturb and injure marine organisms, due to the high sound pressures generated by air guns. An adaptive framework for modelling and assessing the impact on marine mammals in particular is presented, together with a discussion of possible mitigation measures. Other survey methods and sources of loud underwater sound are also briefly discussed.


This work establishes a solution to assess the bus loadability limits by using a multi-objective optimization evaluation of active and reactive power. As a part of the methodology, it is also considered the operating limits of the Electric Power Systems (EPS), such as the generation capacity, reactive power reserves, active power capacity, restrictions of the transmission system, and bus voltages. The Pareto front is obtained from the multi-objective problem, represented by the bus's PQ curve under analysis. The multiobjective optimization problem is solved by combining two functions and the limits of active and reactive power margins at the same bus. Complementary, the methodology is applied to the IEEE 14 Bus system to evaluate its applicability, analyze the results, and evidence its strengths. Thus, a reliable method is provided to assess the bus's power margins, the system's security in electrical networks, and the EPS loadability limits.