This thesis identifies the effects of international trade and immigration on local labor and housing markets. Housing not only relates to individual welfare, but also affects the performances of local industries, such as construction, real estate, and mortgage financial service industries. Therefore, understanding the effects of international trade and immigration on housing is essential for governments to guide local development, for housing related industries to serve local economy, and for individuals to plan housing mortgage. Chapter 1, "The Effects of Imports on Local Labor Market: A Decomposition", uses OECD STAN Bilateral Trade Database by Industry and End-use category to study the effects of import on U.S. local labor market outcomes. The results are comparable to Autor, Dorn, and Hanson (2013), and confirm that total import reduces local wages and employment rates more in more exposed areas. Since OECD also separates import volumes by their enduse categories, I could separately examine the effects of intermediate goods import and final goods import on local labor market. The decomposition exercise indicates intermediate import is the driving force of the negative effects of total import on non-manufacturing industries. Chapter 2, "The Dynamic Effect of Imports on U.S. Local Jobs and Housing", highlights the link between import shocks and local housing price differentiation. In this chapter, I perform theoretical and empirical analyses to examine the dynamic effects of intermediate goods import on labor and housing markets across U.S. locations. I separate local industries into tradable and non-tradable sectors and build a two-sector spatial equilibrium model, where local housing and labor markets interact. Consistent with the model, I find that intermediate import reduces rents, housing prices, the employments and wages of both tradable and non-tradable sectors. The mechanism identified is that intermediate import first reduces the local labor demands of the two industry sectors which lead to a local wage decline. The decrease in local wage is followed by a reduction in local rent and housing price. Declining housing price and rent further reduce the local non-tradable labor demand because the non-tradable sector is tightly related with housing.


The contribution of respiratory viral infections to the onset of asthma and atopy is controversial. In "high risk" children (n = 455) born into asthmatic/atopic families, we determined the relationship of exposures to common respiratory viruses and concomitant respiratory symptoms, and to subsequent possible asthma and atopy at ages 1 and 2 years. Frozen nasal specimens, obtained when children were 2 weeks, 4, 8, and 12 months old, underwent reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) testing for parainfluenza virus (PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and picornavirus (rhinovirus/enterovirus). Odds ratios of viral RT‐PCR results to respiratory symptoms ("cold," rhinitis, cough, wheezing) and to possible asthma or atopy at 1 and 2 years of age were calculated. Positive viral RT‐PCR was associated with increased odds of "cold" and cough; PIV and picornavirus were associated with rhinitis, and RSV was associated with wheezing. PIV was associated with increased odds of atopy at 1 year of age in the control group; PIV and RSV were associated with possible asthma at 2 years of age. We conclude that in high‐risk children, viral exposures documented by RT‐PCR are associated with respiratory symptoms, and exposures to PIV and RSV during the first year of life are associated with the initial onset of possible asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:290–297. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The production of hot-rolling strips of known dimensions requires planning of the slab dimensions and the dimension-change traction of slabs along the production line. A combination of an edger-roll gap measurement and the deformational energy consumed to achieve the desired slab width on the edger enable a rough estimation of the slab widths during rolling. The paper is focused on an automatic calculation of the deformational energy consumed for slab-width rolling on the basis of existing edger measurements. For the calculation of the deformational energy consumed for slab-width rolling a mathematical model of an unloaded edger was built. The edger roller was treated as a stiff, rotary-driven body. The model calculates the consumed power for the velocity changes of the unloaded edger using the velocity input signal. The constructed model has enabled an estimation of the power consumed for the slab-width rolling only. The integration of the power over every pass through the edger yields the deformational energy. The acquired information is instantly written in a database, where they can be accessible for an estimation of the slab width during rolling.


In this paper, the tensile properties of JLF-1 steel at strain rate of 0.1%/s and 0.02%/s were studied from room temperature to 873K in vacuum using engineering specimens. The strain rate does not affect YS, UTS and RA as far as the tests performed in this study. Strain hardening of JLF-1 steel decreased significantly above 673 K, RA also increased rapidly above 673 K; and the surface fractography was changed from shear fracture below 673 K to dimple fracture at 773 K and 873 K. That means JLF-1 steel becomes perfect elastic-plastic body (without strain hardening) and ductility improved with temperature increase.


Our case presents an image of a condition that is rare and particularly severe, as shown by free air not only in the right renal parenchyma, but also extending outside the capsule, around the renal vasculature, and into the left perirenal space.


The approximate pseudorotation symmetry of linear polyenes CnHn+2 [D.R. Herrick, J. Chem. Phys. 74, 1239 (1981)] is investigated using seniority labels from irreducible representations of subgroup chains of the unitary group U2n. Seniority labels from the spin‐dependent symplectic group Sp2n(n = odd) and the rotation group R2n(n = even) are found to quantize completely the alternacy particle–hole symmetry of neutral radicals and molecules in a Pariser–Parr–Pople (PPP) model of valence states. Tables of molecular seniority labels are constructed by a new approach based upon a reduction of the difference character of R2n according to R2n→spin×Spn. Lie algebra generators for subgroups Rn(n = odd) or Spn(n = even) of the spin‐free group Un are linked to bond orders between different atoms in the polyene. Details are presented for a new multipole tensor expansion of the PPP Hamiltonian, and certain terms which otherwise break the pseudorotational symmetry are found to vanish identically in the special case of ...


Objective To investigate the LEEP knife combination bao fu Kang Shuan clinical effect after treatment of severe cervical erosion. Methods 100 patients with severe cervical erosion were randomly divided into two groups. Control group pure line of LEEP knife treatment, observation group in the control group on the basis of joint insured woman Kang Shuan treatment. Results After treatment, the observation group total effective rate, vaginal drainage and wound healing time was better than control group(P0.05). Conclusion The implementation of LEEP knife, fu Kang Shuan combination therapy of severe cervical erosion effect is good.


It has been popularly recognized that stream data represents an important form of data, with broad applications. There have been a lot of studies on effective stream data management and query processing, as well as some recent studies on stream data mining. Although this is a promising direction, most existing studies have not paid enough attention to one critical fact: most data streams reside at a rather low level of abstraction and are multi-dimensional in nature, whereas most analysts are interested in finding characteristic features, unusual patterns, and dynamic changes (such as trends and outliers) at relatively high levels of abstraction and in certain multi-dimensional space. To accomplish such tasks, one may need to develop effective mechanisms for on-line, multi-dimensional analysis and mining of stream data. This poses great challenges on system architecture, implementation methodology, algorithm development, and performance tuning. In this paper, we discuss the issues related to effective, on-line, multi-dimensional analysis and mining of unusual events and patterns in data streams, including research challenges, potential architectures, and implementation methodologies.


This paper considers the problem of nonparametric estimation of the conditional hazard function for functional mixingdata. In particular, given a strictly stationary random variables Zi= (Xi, Yi)i∈N, we investigate a kernel estimate of the conditionalhazard function of univariate response variable Yigiven the functional variable Xi. The mean squared convergence rate is given and theasymptotic normality of the proposed estimator is proven


Abstract : This technical manual describes the services provided by the Network Transaction Manager (NTM) for application processes (APs). Information on integrating new APs with IISS and writing new APs for IISS is provided. Each NTM service call is described in detail. Keywords: Computer aided manufacturing software.


A case of monosymptomatic unilateral mydriasis caused by scopolamine patches is presented. The same symptom caused by pressure from an aneurysm on the oculomotor nerve is exceptionally rare.


Three-dimensional X-ray crystal structure analyses have been carried out on the compounds MIH[C5H4BrN2O3]2. For MI= K, Z= 4 in a monoclinic unit cell having a= 14·884, b 14·779, c= 7·135 A, β= 97·61°, and space group l2/c. The cation lies on a two-fold axis which relates two anionic moieties with a short [2·42(2)A] hydrogen bond between oxygen atoms. The potassium is ten-co-ordinate and K–O distances range from 2·739–3·105(9)A, mean 2·944 A; each uracil chelates two potassium ions and makes one contact with a third. These K–O contacts and the 'symmetrical' hydrogen bond hold the structure in columns along the needle axis of the crystal, c. Hydrogen bonds N–H ⋯ O, 2·73(1)A, hold the columns together in the other two directions.For M1= Rb, Z= 4 in an orthorhombic unit cell having a= 5·995, b= 21·825, c= 11·932 A and space group lba2. The rubidium ion is on a two-fold axis and is six-co-ordinated by a trigonal prism of oxygen atoms at distances from 2·93–3·00(1)A, mean 2·977 A. The three oxygen atoms of one uracil moiety make contact with different rubidium ions and each oxygen with only one rubidium. Metal–oxygen contacts and hydrogen bonds [N–H ⋯ O 2·88(3) and O ⋯ O 2·42(5)A] hold the structure in layers; shortest contacts between the layers are Br ⋯ Me 3·59 and Br ⋯ Br 3·68 A. The shorter hydrogen bond joins N(3) oxygen atoms across a two-fold axis.The differences in structure are correlated with differences in the i.r. spectra.


In this dramatic expose of what has hitherto been one of the bestrkept secrets of World War II, Lord Nicholas Bethell turns a spotlight on the forcible repatriation of some two million Russians and Ukrainians who found themselves in English and American hands in Europe between 1944 and 1947. The operations involved not only former Soviet citizens but also large numbers of men, women, and children who had never been citizens of the U.S.S.R. Lord Bethell, a translator of Solzhenitzyn and the author of The War Hitler Won, examines the considerations that led the Western Allies to display such unwarranted zeal to please the Kremlin. His treatment is calm, dispassionate. His material is based on official archives and on the testimony of many eyewitnesses. Hugh Trevor-Roper, in his introduction, characterizes the work as one that calls not for judgment but rather for reflection. The author tells us that, as a result of a secret protocol signed by the three powers at Yalta and another agreement reached in Leipzig in June 1945, the number of persons turned over to the Russians exceeded two million by the middle of 1945. The Americans specialized in tracking down Russians who had fought for Hitler and remained in Germany, and the British in locating and delivering those who had fought against the Red Army and surrendered in Austria. Combined with the Cossacks and Russians in. Austria were some 200,000 Croats, Ustashas and Domobrans and their families, whom the British returned to Tito at the end of May 1945.


The aim of this thesis is to study the reading habits of Swedish librarians visualized by librarians from Gotabiblioteken – a collaboration of 14 public libraries in mid-Sweden – focusing on the re ...


The peptides of protochlorophyllide reductase have been identified by a covalent-radioactive labelling technique. This produced two labelled peptides of mol.wts. 35000 and 37000.


the author has been in private practice and a continuing student for the past 50 years. The first half was spent practicing restorative dentistry, and the second half in a specialty practice limited to endodontics. on the road to predictability, it became apparent there was a definite relationship present between root canal treatment, periodontal status, prosthetics and/or subsequent restorative procedures. each operator has to decide what steps for a more predictable outcome they are willing to trust another to do. this article is an attempt to share some "secrets of success" and perhaps serve as a checklist for a system that works in the attempt to achieve predictability of endodontic treatments. during the earlier years of the past century, several techniques were devised for the obturation of the canal system after removal of the diseased pulp, or necrotic tissue. some of the most popular were silver points, lateral condensation of guttapercha (GP), Sargenti paste and chloropercha. currently there are seven techniques that utilize gutta-percha as the obturation material of choice: 1) Single cone 2) Lateral condensation 3) Chloropercha technique 4) Vertical compaction of warm GP (Schilder, continuous wave, system "b," mcspadden, System "A") 5) Carrier-based (Thermafil) 6) Injection of thermo-plasticized GP (often referred to as "squirting" using a calamus or Obtura unit) 7) Mechanically assisted compaction (Pac Mac).


Eggplant (Solanum melongena L) is a plant that is well known in the wider community. The demand for eggplant is currently increasing. In 2017-2018, eggplant production increased, although it did not meet market demand. One of the causes of eggplant yields not sufficient to market demands is not appropiate of cultivation technique. One of the efforts that can be made to increase the productivity of eggplant is the use of liquid organic fertilizer and the right concentration. The purpose of the research was to find out the effect of liquid organic fertilizer and concentration on the growth and yield of eggplant. The research was conducted on the field of Kenanten village, Puri district, Mojokerto in March 2020 – June 2020. The research is arranged using a Completely Randomized Factorial Design with two factors, firstly the type of liquid organic fertilizer (P) consisting of P0 = Control; P1 = Commercial Liquid Organic Fertilizer; P2 = Kelanalagi Liquid Organic Fertilizer; P3 = Compost tea and concentration (K) consisting of K1 = 4 ml/l water; K2 = 6 ml/l water; K3 = 8 ml/l water. The result showed that there was no interaction between the type of liquid organic fertilizer and the concentration of all observation parameters


William P. Ebben, MS, MSSW, CSCSHead Strength and Conditioning CoachMarquette UniversityPhillip B. Watts, PhDHealth, Physical Education, and RecreationNorthern Michigan UniversityTHE IMPORTANCE OF WEIGHTtraining for an athlete's physicaldevelopment is well documented.Although plyometric training hasbeen popular in the U.S. for onlyabout 20 years, its positive effecton human performance has alsobeen well documented (2, 6, 8, 9,25, 28, 42, 44, 45). The combina-tion of weight training and plyo-metric training has also beeninvestigated (1,5, 12, 20, 31).Strength and conditioning pro-fessionals must now find a way toincorporate both types of trainingfor athletes who require muscularpower. One method is complextraining. Complex training alter-nates biomechanically comparablehigh-load weight training andplyometric exercises in the sameworkout. Combining the benchpress with the medicine ball powerdrop is an example of upper bodycomplex training(9). Although onlyone training study has examinedcomplex training (41), it has gainedsome degree of popularity amongstrength and conditioning pro-fessionals.This review examines (a) weighttraining as a prerequisite toplyometric training, (b) combinedweight training and plyometrictraining, and (c) complex training.Recommendations are madewithin the context of accepted prin-ciples of strength and condition-ing, for the purpose of assessingthe usefulness of complex train-ing in developing power for ath-letic performance.


Since acute-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) usually demonstrates a greater number of HLA antigens related to IDDM than slowly progressive IDDM (SPIDDM), the type of diabetes may be affected by a dosage effect of HLA antigens. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the dosage effect of HLA antigens in modifying the type of diabetes. We assayed antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADab) in 253 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellits (NIDDM) patients and 17 IDDM patients. We assayed HLA antigens (class I A, B, C antigens, class II DR, DQ antigens) in 7 of 8 GADab-positive NIDDM patients and 3 GADab-positive acute-onset IDDM patients, whose disease etiologies may be related to the background of autoimmunity. We tried to score the association of HLA antigens with IDDM as positive or negative in each patient. If the patients had one HLA antigen related to IDDM, they were given one point. If they had one HLA antigen showing a negative association with IDDM, one point was subtracted from the score. HLA scores of GADab-positive patients with NIDDM tended to have a lower score, but exceptionally there were a few higher HLA scores among NIDDM patients. Both GADab-positive and negative IDDM patients tended to have higher HLA scores. Our results suggest that measurement of HLA antigens as well as GADab can be of clinical value in predicting the type of diabetes. Moreover, it may be possible to detect patients who should receive insulin during the early stage of GADab-positive NIDDM.


The geology beneath Lake Michigan between 43°00^prime and 44°00^primeN and between 86°30^prime and 87°40^primeW is interpreted from a synthesis of 1,700 km of continuous seismic reflection profile data, bathymetry, grab samples, and onshore surface and subsurface information. The continuous seismic reflection profiles and bathymetry provided information for maps of unconsolidated sediment thickness and Paleozoic bedrock topography. The map of unconsolidated sediment (primarily Pleistocene) shows thicknesses ranging from 180 m in a steep-walled, northeast-trending valley to less than 10 m over a mid-lake topographic high. This valley and the mid-lake high are the dominant topographic features developed on the gently eastward-dipping Paleozoic rocks along this part of the western flank of the Michigan basin. Two structural-stratigraphic cross sections of the study area were constructed by utilizing a composite subsurface-surface section for eastern Wisconsin and two control wells in western Michigan. The cross sections, grab samples previously described in the literature, the bedrock topographic map, and published maps were used to construct a Paleozoic geologic map for central Lake Michigan. Rocks from Middle Silurian through Early Mississippian age form subcrops beneath the study area, whereas rocks of Early Silurian, Ordovician, and Late Cambrian age are present at greater depth. The Upper Cambrian rocks unconformably overlie Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks. The structural-stratigraphic cross sections also allow us to speculate about the petroleum potential beneath Lake Michigan. The possibility of oil occurrences within the Silurian is enhanced by major east-west facies changes, and other horizons with promise are present in Devonian and Ordovician rocks. Although Michigan and Wisconsin laws currently prohibit petroleum exploration in Lake Michigan, it is an area with future potential.


Trilead, which provides a backup solution for VMware virtual machines has announced that it made available a Release Candidate of VM Explorer 3.0, build 3.0.005. ...


Hom's model for microbial disinfection kinetics is frequently applied to data showing deviations from Chick's law inactivation. However, the generally applied form of this model does not consider the possibility for disinfectant decay/demand. In this work, we derive the form of the Hom model under conditions of first-order demand; the integrated solution involves the incomplete γ function. We then propose a simpler approximation to this exact solution and explore its numerical adequacy, also showing the effect of the approximation when applied to a real data set. This approach can be used to assess disinfection kinetics in drinking water to insure compliance with microbial reductions required under the Surface Water Treatment Rule


The Authority was asked a number of questions regarding the use of sperm donors by same sex couples and couples in which one partner is transgendered.


Enrofloxacin flouroquinolone - Veterinary Medicine. It has the general effect of the class of flouroquinolone.
This poison is rarely reported in human. We present a case of Enro poisoning. Patient ingested Enrofloxacin.
Which was followed by seizures and altered sensorium .Patient was taken on mechanical ventilator. He was
managed symptomatically .He developed ST-T changes in ECG. But coronary angio was normal. We also
tried doing plasmapheresis. But patient expired even after all efforts. The best of our knowledge, we did not
find any such reported case of enro poison in Human .Hence we present this case report.


In this paper, a global seamless image model based on Quaternary Triangular Mesh (QTM) is developed. Our approaches start with an Octahedron QTM partition on the spherical surface and an algorithm of transforming square image pixels into QTM pixels is introduced. Next, a Recursive Closing Method is approached to eliminate the cracks caused by different subdivisions. In the end, the experiment is made to test the methods above by using of Wsiearth.tif data with 256 gray levels in ArcGIS. The results illuminate that: (1) this model provides a seamless base for global analysis using global image data and the deficiencies of data broken in traditional model are overcome; (2) the transformation algorithm is feasible and its accuracy can meet most applications requirement; (3) by using the Recursive Closing method, not only the problem of discontinuity between different levels is overcome, but the pixel vertices is ensured to coincide with the vertices of QTM exactly as well.


In order to reduce the induced voltage of the metal shield in power cable,the method of three segments conversion is often adopted.But the unequal length of three segments will make the induced voltage of the metal shield unbalanced,and produce the circulating current in the metal shield when the power cable is renovated.According to analysis,the induced voltage models of the metal shield of power cable are deduced in this paper,these models include any arrangement way of the cable at single circuit and two-circuit.The method of adding compensating unit(in fact,compensating inductance device) at the end of the metal shield of power cable is presented,which can restrain circulating current.Its basic principle is that the compensating unit is set around the power cable,when current flows through the power cable,the induced voltage arises in compensating unit,the induced voltage is used to counteract the induced voltage of the metal shield.The calculation model of compensating inductance is derived,and emulation calculation are made.Research shows that the method proposed in this paper can reduce the induced voltage of the metal shield efficiently,reduce the circulating current in the metal shield,and decrease the loss of power cable greatly.


Bream pond aquaculture plays a very important role in China's aquaculture industry and is the main source of aquatic products. To regulate and control pond water quality and sediment, a movable solar pond aquaculture water quality regulation machine (SMWM) was designed and used. This machine is solar-powered and moves on water, and its primary components are a solar power supply device, a sediment lifting device, a mechanism for walking on the water's surface and a control system. The solar power supply device provides power for the machine, and the water walking mechanism drives the machine's motion on the water. The sediment lifting device orbits the main section of the machine and affects a large area of the pond. Tests of the machine's mechanical properties revealed that the minimum illumination necessary for the SMWM to function is 13,000 Lx and that its stable speed on the water is 0.02–0.03 m/s. For an illumination of 13,000–52,500 Lx, the sediment lifting device runs at 0.13–0.35 m/s, and its water delivery capacity is 110–208 m3/h. The sediment lifting device is able to fold away, and the angle of the suction chamber can be adjusted, making the machine work well in ponds at different water depths from 0.5 m to 2 m. The optimal distance from the sediment lifting device to the bottom of the pond is 10–15 cm. In addition, adjusting the length of the connecting rod and the direction of the traction rope allows the SMWM to work in a pond water area greater than 80%. The analysis of water quality in Wuchang bream (Parabramis pekinensis) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) culture ponds using the SMWM resulted in decreased NH3+–N and available phosphorus concentrations and increased TP concentrations. The TN content and the amount of available phosphorus in the sediment were reduced. In addition, the fish production showed that the SMWM enhanced the yields of Wuchang bream and silver carp by more than 30% and 24%, respectively. These results indicate that the SMWM may be suitable for Wuchang bream pond aquaculture in China and that it can be used in pond aquaculture for regulating and controlling water quality.


Previous results for the secular variation of the earth's magnetic field intensity in the general area of the eastern mediterranean have revealed rapid fluctuations in intensity, with periods as short as 100 to 200 years (WALTON,1979; KOVACHEVA,1983; AITKEN et al., 1983; GAMES, 1980). The results from different regions also reveal substantial differences which are well outside the quoted accuracy of the techniques used. It has been suggested that these may be due to local sources of magnetic field (AITKEN et al.,1986). If that is the case it would be most interesting since the differences are large compared to the field, and the distance between the sites in question is less than the distance to the core-mantel boundary. On the other hand it has been established that undetected mineral alteration which has taken place during laboratory processing can lead to substantial error in the determination of the ancient field when variants of the Thellier method (COE, 1967) are used (WALTON, 1984, 1987, 1988a, 1988b). The Thellier method involves two heating and cooling cycles, one in zero field to measure the remanence lost, NRM, and another in a known laboratory field to measure the remanence gained, PTRM. The slope of a plot of NRM vs PTRM, an Arai plot, yields the ancient field. The principal test for alteration in the standard Thellier methods lies in the linearity of the Arai plot. Techniques have been devised which are capable of measuring the change in magnetic moment due to alteration. Using these techniques it was found that alteration occurs progressively as the temperature increases, often in such a way that an Arai plot will still yield a straight line, thereby escaping detection with the linearity test. Thus the only reliable way to guard against alteration is to measure it and subtract its contribution from the measured moment. When applied to modern materials (WALTON, 1987, 1988a), these methods are capable of reducing the scatter in the data by about a factor of 6. Another, and one of the more gratifying results, was that correction for alteration could "straighten" a curved Arai plot of NRM against PTRM (WALTON , 1987, 1988a). This could reduce the rejection rate for samples, which has been as high as 80%, when the Thellier method is used (WEI et al., 1987).


This paper discusses distance relays over-reaching in the presence of thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC), one of the series connected flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices, on the far end of the second circuit of a double circuit transmission line, considering MOV operation. This is done by means of presenting the measured impedance at the relaying point and the ideal tripping characteristic. The measured impedance by distance relay is greatly influenced in the presence of TCSC on the line or even in the case of installing TCSC on the far end of the second circuit. The measured impedance depends on many factors including power system structural and operational conditions, the ground fault resistance, and TCSC compensation degree.


The TiB_2/ZL101 composites were fabricated by direct reaction technique.The microstructure of composites was analyzed by means of optical microscoper,SEM and tensile tester.The mechanical properties and cutting performance of the composite were also tested.ZL101 alloy modified by Na-salt was compared with the composite.The results show that the microstructure of TiB_2/ZL101 composite was fine equiaxed dendrities α-Al and fine plate-like eutectic silicon,the tensile strength was higher than that of ZL101 alloy,but the plasticity was opposite.Under the same cutting condition,the tool flank wear rate was close for cutting TiB_2/ZL101 composite and ZL101 modified by Na-salt.The surface roughness of the composite was less than that of ZL101 modified by Na-salt.Two types of cracks were observed on the surface of cutting rod for TiB_2/ZL101 composite.The second type of crack was harmful to the fatigue property of composite.


A 71-year-old male patient with end-stage heart failure, atrial fibrillation, congestive and low output symptoms, underwent biventricular pacing and atrioventricular junction ablation while anuric and hypotensive. Following atrioventricular junction ablation blood pressure increased by 20 mmHg during biventricular but not during right ventricular apical pacing. A rapid clinical improvement was observed and the patient was discharged from the hospital in NYHA functional class III.


To management the ecological forest in Jiangle County Fujian Province,we should know the land distribution,quality and the forest landscape dynamics change. In this study,we using the data in forest management system built the index system to evaluate the ecological forest,the study including the subcompartment data and some policy published by higher authorities. The method fuzzy mathematics was used to analysis. The results showed that the quality of ecoloyical forest in Jiangle County was optical,but the coefficient was not very big,the management should care some indexes in the index system to keep the quality in a better way.


This essay makes a preliminary study on the general term formula of Fibonacci Sequence and Golden Section.In it two deviations of the general term formula of Fibonacci Sequence are worked out,and the golden section along with its existence is proved relatively.


The author maintains that growing importance of the occupational bias of a personality has led to shaping a new academic discipline pertaining to humanities. The article analyzes its subject-matter, method and functions.


Cxutzwiller has developed a scheme for determining the energy levels of a finite quantum Toda lattice. We present a numerical analysis using his method and calculate low-lying energy levels for some small lattices. We check the completeness of his quantization conditions in the harmonic (low-energy) and the semiclassical (high-energy) limits. Our main finding is that the Bethe-ansatz spectrum equations, known to be exact for an infinite Toda lattice in the classical limit, are incorrect for finite and quantum lattices.


A method to calibrate a coaxial rf power meter by comparison with a standard power meter is described, the ratio of the mismatch factors being determined using two calculable coaxial air-line impedance standards. An initial investigation of the uncertainty of calibration has been made, and initial experimental results of measurements performed with the 7 mm coaxial system and for type N connectors at frequencies from 2 GHz to 18 GHz are presented.


A group analysis of a class of drift-diffusion systems is performed. In account of the presence of arbitrary constitutive functions, we look for Lie symmetries starting from the weak equivalence transformations. Applications to the transport of charges in semiconductors are presented and a special class of solutions is given for particular doping profiles.


To reduce the temporal, spatial and spectral redundancies in video frame sequence for the similarity between the current and the prior image, a new video coding algorithm based on integer wavelet transform with adaptive pixel-based prediction coding. A new scheme is presented which employs adaptive strategy based on Normalized cross correlation and partitioning for motion detection and object tracking in frame sequence. With the algorithm we have realized the real-time compression of video streams with high fidelity.


Vertically aligned diamond nanowires are biofunctionalized using aminophenyl linker molecules to bond nucleic acid molecules with a well‐defined nanometer‐sized spacing to the transducer. This novel DNA biosensor combines the outstanding electrochemical properties of diamond as a transducer with the controlled bonding of DNA molecules to the tips of nanowires by use of an electrochemical attachment scheme. Nucleic acid molecules are bonded in this way and dispersed to the transducer, giving rise to optimized hybridization kinetics of DNA. Negatively charged redox mediator molecules (Fe(CN)63−/4−) are applied for DNA‐hybridization sensing. Voltammetric detection of DNA hybridization by differential pulse voltammetry is performed with respect to its sensitivity and reproducibility. On a sensor area of 0.03 cm2, a detection limit of 2.0 pM is achieved. As for the chemical stability of the DNA bonding to the diamond nanowires, no degradation over 30 hybridization/denaturation cycles could be detected. By use of this dilute DNA arrangement, single‐base mismatch discrimination is achieved. Under the same conditions, smooth diamond modified with phenyl is not suitable for amperometric DNA sensing.


Extra high voltage (EHV) substations are extremely vulnerable to the hazard of lightning strokes therefore, the shielding of these substations with a highly reliable protective scheme (shield wires) is an essential undertaking. In this paper an attempt is made to clarify the design procedure for shielding EHV substations against lightning with special reference to Iran.


This chapter discusses the techniques and problems of analysing the structure of statutes. It describes how statutes are set out, what particular catch phrases mean, and how to make sense of the opaque language often used. It covers drafting styles and practices; the problems of drafting statutes in English law, comprehensibility, and awareness of how the courts are likely to interpret them; examples of drafting practices and how to approach them; techniques for amending earlier statutes, either wholesale or in section; other points on drafting; European legislative drafting; and the style adopted for EU legislation and the problems of ensuring compatibility.


The causes to loss of roof plates inside P_(62) series box cars are analyzed in this paper.And suggestions for improvement are given.


Background
To study the anticancer activity of Plantago major, we assessed the effect of ethanolic, methanolic and acetonic extracts of this plant on HCT-116, SW-480, and HEK-293 cell lines as control.

Methods
The cytotoxic activity, biocompatibility, and toxicity were evaluated by MTT assay, hemolysis, and Artemia salina-lethal dose 50 (on mice) tests, respectively. The analysis of extracts compounds was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.

Results
The results showed that all the extracts had the most antiproliferative properties on the HCT-116 cell line. The root extract of P. major was more effective than the aerial parts, and IC50 value of ethanolic, methanolic and acetonic root extracts was 405.59 µg/mL, 470.16 µg/mL, and 82.26 µg/mL, respectively on HCT-116 cell line at 72 h. Hemolysis degree of the ethanolic extract of P. major aerial and root parts were approximately 1% at 400 μg/mL. No significant interference of the RBC was observed. The ethanolic extracts, the Artemia survived every concentration used, and no toxicity was observed. One week after oral administration of different parts of P. major extracts, none of the mice died, even the mice preserved with 2000 mg/kg. These results of GC/MS analysis showed that P. major extracts contain potential anticancer compounds, such as stearic acid (8.61%), 1,2- Benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl)ester (88.07%), and mono(2-ethylhexyl)ester (40.63%), as reported previously.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that the P. major is a source of important pharmaceutical compounds with antiproliferative properties.


Mice exposed to 400 rads of x-radiation and injected with leucogenenol at 5-day intervals from 2-34 days after irradiation and with sheep erythrocytes 2 days after irradiation exhibited shorter latent periods and an appreciable level of hemolysin over a longer time than similarly irradiated controls which did not receive leucogenenol. Peak titer however was not enhanced. A further decrease in the latent period was observed when the mice were injected with leucogenenol at 5-day intervals, beginning 48 hours after irradiation. These results indicate that injections of leucogenenol hasten the recovery of tissues responsible for hemolysin formation after they have been damaged by x-radiation. The lack of an enhanced peak titer could be due to a competitive synthesis of protein by tissues other than those involved in antibody production as a result of accelerated recovery. The maintenance of a peak titer for at least 13 days in animals injected with leucogenenol might result from the continued replication of h...


Sarawak is the largest State among the thirteen States in the
Federation of Malaysia. It straddles across the north-west of the island of Borneo, having an area of approximately 124,449.5 square kilometers, comprising eleven administrative divisions, and these divisions are further sub-divided into 31 administrative districts. Sarawak is a multi-ethnic society in which the six major communities, according to priority order in number, are Iban, Chinese, Malays, Bidayuh, Orang Ulu and Melanau. These ethnic communities have had distinctive cultural, social and economic conditions which yield different demographic behaviors, levels and changes in birth and
death rates. Based on the above perceptions, this book applies the census data, births and deaths registration and vital statistics from the government sources to measure the demographic differentials, dynamics of growth and change of population among the three major ethnic communities, namely the Iban, Chinese and Malay, and identify the economic, social
and cultural factors influencing these pattern and trends of population for the last 60 years, from 1947 to 2010.


: Honey bees are highly important insects in the world which are known for their honey, wax, and other hive products and pollination of many crops around which human nutrition revolves. The decline in the bee population globally has been attributed to many factors interactive with each other. The greater wax moth in most honeybee colonies, Galleria mellonella Linnaeus, is a ubiquitous insect. In the midrib of the honeybee comb, the greater wax moth larvae build tunnels through the surface of both the pollen bee brood and honey unsealed cells. Crawling larvae leave underneath web masses that induce galleries and subsequent colonies to be expelled. In especially tropical and subtropical zones, larvae are drastic and are considered to be one of the factors contributing to the significant reduction of both wild and protected honeybee colonies. In bee colonies, the insect was historically considered a problem, but most experiments have relied on the pest as a framework for in vivo toxicology and pathogenicity experiments. It's quite effectively widespread, significant concern has been raised for further research findings to determine time-integrated management approaches. Furthermore, our understanding of this pest is very less. This review gives an overview of the latest understanding of the importance of resource loss to biology and the possibilities for management.


The pulses, especially mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is an important crop grown extensively in India. Despite the multi facet importance the mungbean production could not be stabilized in the country. There are several constraints in mungbean production, among these diseases and particularly Cercospora leaf spot is most important fungal disease occurring regularly in mungbean growing areas. The disease is caused by Cercospora canescens Ellis and Martin. The disease appear during warm and humid weather leading to defoliation and low yield. Keeping in mind the importance of disease experiments were conducted to study the morphological and cultural characters of the pathogen and to find out the management strategies for the dlsease. The characteristic symptoms of Cercospora leaf spot were formation of leaf spot with brown to grayish centers and reddish borders, and Cercospora canescens was slow grow~ng fungus, having unbranched, septate, geniculate conidiophore, coming out of stomata in dense fascicles. Conidia were cylendric, hyaline, septate, straight or curved. Among the different culture media tested for growth and sporulation of pathogen Carrot Leaf Decoction Agar (CLDA) was found best, followed by Mungbean Leaf extract Oat meal Agar (MLOA), While studies conducted on effect of temperature revealed that Cercospora grew best at 30°C temperature, while no growth occurred at 5, 10 and 40°C. Maximum sporulation occurred at 25°C and no sporulation occurred at 5, 10,35 and 40°C temperatures. The in vitro screening of two biocontrol agents showed their antagonistic potential against C. canescens while, in vitro evaluation of fungicides revealed that Roko (Thiophanate methyl) completely inhibited the growth of pathogen at 5 ppm concentration followed by Bavistin (carbendaZim). Among plant extract neem and kaner extracts inhibited growth at 2 per cent dose resulted maximum inhibition. Seed treatment with Bavistin, T. harzianum + P. fluorescens and neem, eucalyptus and garlic extract were effective in enhancing gennination and increasing root and shoot length. Minimum disease severity, higher yield and thousand grain weight was observed in Roko spray plots while Bavistin Was next in order of efficacy. Among plant extracts neem and kaner were found most effective. Formulation of biocontrol agents did not showed .. much reduction in disease severity. The gennplasm line SML-668, ML-II09, ML-1165 and Co-5 showed resistant reaction against the disease. (H.S. Tripathi) Advisor ~p (Purva Saxena) Authoress


At a time when young adults are building self-identity they are also connecting, in increasing numbers, via massive multi-player online role-playing video games (MMORPGs). Participation in online game playing communities requires assuming the persona of a game character. Young people spend many hours playing the role of a fictional character at the same ages at which developing social identities are influenced. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of avatar identification on young adult's self-identity through analysis of game player's online communications. Using a qualitative, exploratory design blogs posted to the PlayStation Blog site were analysed for content discussing aspects of individual player's social identity and personal identity. Many players associated themselves with their avatars and avatar traits were often discussed in relation to a players' self-identity. In addition, multi-player social networks were found to impact players' feeling of social acceptance and group connection. We discuss the implications of these findings, both positive and negative, for the development of young people's self-identity and whether the dominant individual focus of games may ultimately influence the fragmentation of communities.


Experimentation is an important enabler for assessing causal changes in emergent properties of a complex military system due to the effects of technology insertion or operational changes. The Coalition Attack Guidance Experiment (CAGE) aims to bring new capabilities to the front line, which can be effective to meet challenges from new and evolving threats. However, confounding factors have threatened the validity of the experimental outcomes, weakening our understanding of potential joint fires capabilities. These experimental issues are driven by the scale and complexity of joint fires operations. This paper details the methodological tensions that have arisen in CAGE activities thus far and proposes an enduring design as a campaign of experiments for hypothesis testing, capability assessment and demonstration.


Objective:We investigate the degree of emotional disorders of paraplegia patients' relatives and provide psychological cognitive nursing to relieve their disorder Method:66 cases of paraplegia as group A,with other 66 cases with general illness as control;Group A accept psychological cognitive nursing,group B receive routinal nursing,measured in two weeks Result:There is significant difference between two groups in degree of emotional disorder,positive case number(P0 05) Conclusion:The degree of emotional disorders of group B Appliance of psychological cognitive therapy can alleviate emotional disorders


A liquid container comprising: - a first volume for storing the defined fuel at least in part by a wall, - a second volume for venting the tank, bounded at least in part by the same wall, - means of communication between storage volumes and degassing, located at the top of said volume, - at least one orifice located at the top of the degassing volume normally communicating said volume with a degassing circuit; and- means capable of closing said communication when a predetermined liquid level is reached in the degassing volume.


The agricultural practices engaged in by farmers have effect on the products, consumers and the environment. One of the targets of the Millennium Development Goals is to ensure environmental sustainability. Human survival demands that environmental consideration should be paramount in pursuit of development. Farm households and rural communities in their daily activities are major generators of wastes, in the form of manure, crop residues or mixed solid wastes. Organic farming technology is generally regarded as the solution to environmental problems that are related to agriculture and food safety. According to the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, women account for 75 percent of the farming population in Nigeria. Waste management is an important issue in any society and is still a challenge for local authorities in many parts of the world. Insufficient and inefficient management of wastes have direct impact on the environment, human health and livelihoods. This also affects social and economic development. Considering the large number of women involved in agriculture, assessing their role in farm and household waste management is essential. This paper therefore focused on Traditional waste management and new policies on waste management,traditional waste management strategies in Nigeria, challenges of traditional waste managementthe 7'Rs of waste management, the role of women in , farm , household and environmental waste management, the place of organic agriculture in waste management and gender inequality in waste management,. The paper recommended among others that gender issues are mainstreamed in all governance and decision making process related to waste management and there should be a synergy of government, waste managers, public health workers and households to implement a sustainable and reliable waste management practices in Nigeria.The various roles of women and recommendations presented in this paper can be of reference for scholars and stakeholders towards enhancing gender and sustainable development goals in Africa.


Abstract : The U.S. Air Force is developing technology to place a variety of non-nuclear weapon payloads on intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs). These conventional ballistic missiles (CBM) would provide indirect fire with a quick reaction capability on fixed and potentially mobile targets. The use of these weapons necessitates a change in international notification policy and climate for long range missile launches from the United States. The near-term deployment of these weapons creates the potential for accidental or retaliatory launches of nuclear-tipped missiles from Russia and China. Far-term deployment increases this risk. The paper points out several other problems with CBM deployment and suggests some mitigation strategies. While some of the mitigation aids are technological in nature, the paper stresses that a new climate must exist before the CBM can be seriously considered as a viable weapon.


In this article the author tells her story of migrating from the Philippines to the United States shortly after her graduation from nursing school. She describes how she adjusted to life in the United States, advanced her career, and is now helping other nurses adapt to life in a new country.


The author derived the Backlund transformation and a soliton solution of one-dimensional nonlinear transmission line equation by using the homogeneous balance method.Theoretical analysis to the stability of this solution was done.The result indicates that the soliton solution is conditional stability at the meaning of Lyapunov linear stability.It shows that stable soliton can be existed in nonlinear transmission line.Based on the extended thought of the homogeneous balance method,another soliton solution and a solitary wave solution of the nonlinear transmission line equation were obtained.


Abstract Background Interaction within mothers' social networks can theoretically diffuse messages from interventions and campaigns into norms and practices for infant and young child feeding (IYCF). Objectives We hypothesized that mothers' social networks, diffusion of information, and social norms differed in intensive [intensive interpersonal counseling (IPC), community mobilization (CM), and mass media (MM)] compared with nonintensive (standard IPC and less-intensive CM and MM) intervention areas, were associated with IYCF practices, and partly explained practice improvement. Methods We conducted household surveys at endline in 2014 and follow-up in 2016 (n = ∼2000 each round). We used multiple regression to test differences and changes in networks, diffusion, and norms within intervention areas. We analyzed paths from intervention exposure to IYCF practices through networks, diffusion, and norms. Results Mothers' networks were larger in intensive than in nonintensive areas in 2014 and increased in both areas over time [25–38 percentage points (pp)]. The prevalence of receipt of IYCF information was high, with no changes over time in intensive areas but an increase in nonintensive areas (8–16 pp). In both areas, more family members and health workers provided IYCF information over time. Sharing of information increased 17–23 pp in intensive and 11–41 pp in nonintensive areas over time. Perceived descriptive norms improved 8–16 pp in intensive and 17–28 pp in nonintensive areas. Perceived injunctive norms were high in both areas. Breastfeeding practices were associated with networks, diffusion, and norms (OR: 1.6–4.4 times larger comparing highest with lowest quartile). Minimum dietary diversity was associated with larger networks and diffusion (OR: 1.5–2.2) but not with social norms. Indirect paths from intervention exposure to practices explained 34–78% of total effects. Conclusions Diffusion of IYCF information through social networks, reinforced by positive social norms for messages promoted over time, will contribute to positive changes in IYCF practices that may be achieved and sustained through large-scale social and behavior change interventions. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0274084.


Part 1 Diuretics: Use in edema-forming states (11 papers). Use in calcium nephrolithiasis (4 papers). Use in renal failure (13 papers). Effects on renal function (4 papers). Complications of therapy - Metabolic effects (18 papers). Mechanisms of action and membrane effects (9 papers). Effects on electrolyte excretion (11 papers). Mechanisms of resistance (6 papers). Part 2 Hypertension: Choice of agents (17 papers). Renal effects of antihypertensive agents (4 papers). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (11 papers). Calcium channel blockers (6 papers). Effect of therapy on progression of renal disease (2 papers). Part 3 Natriuretic and Vasoactive Substances: (15 papers). Part 4 Membrane Transport: Sodium/Hydrogen exchange (3 papers). Sodium and potassium Regulation of cell size (4 papers). Sodium/Lithium exchange (2 papers). Chloride (3 papers). Magnesium and Calcium (3 papers).


Abstract: Unfavorable global situation with murrain forced representatives of OIE/FAO/EC at April 1999 summit in Rome to decide on creating and funding of a buffer zone to prevent introduction of murrain virus to European countries through Russia. This paper describes results of screening of blood serum samples from vaccinated animals with the purpose to estimate immune background in animals starting from 2005 – 2008. The research proves that before introduction of the buffer zone the immune background in Armenia was extremely low. Immunization of animals under the international program resulted in increased immune response: Type A – to 53%, Type O – to 50%, and Type Asia – to 49%. Unfavorable global and regional situation with murrain and immense possibility of murrain virus to come to Armenia requires advanced murrain prevention measures, and continuation of preventive vaccination of large and small cattle using high-quality vaccines, along with serum monitoring researches aimed at evaluation of immune background in vaccinated animals and identification of possible deviations from preventive immunization policy.


The room-temperature dependence on composition of the energy gap is measured for the ternary alloy system In 1 − x Ga x P semiconductors. The cross-over point from the direct to indirect optical transition energy gap is found at x = 0 . 718. An empirical relation for the alloy system energy-gap dependence is found for both direct and indirect transition regions. From the empirical relations belonging to the direct region transition, the values of the expected indirect energy transition at Γ c 1 are calculated. The difference between these values and the corresponding indirect energy (Γ c 1 − X c 1 ) are also calculated. The change of E g due to the effects of magnetic field up to 1.6 T (Tesla) was also measured. The magnetic coefficient is found to be between 3 . 33 × 10 − 7 and 3 . 87 × 10 − 7 eV/T for x = 0 . 31 to x = 1. A clear deviation of the magnetic coefficient occurred for the change from the direct-region to that of the indirect-region transition.


This article sought to describe the profile of congenital syphilis (CS) cases in Pernambuco and to evaluate government responses from 2008 to 2017. This is a cross-sectional study, with data obtained from the Department of Chronic Conditions and Sexually Transmitted Infections / MS. A trend analysis was conducted with the Joinpoint program and the following variables were adopted: maternal age group, maternal race / color, maternal education, moment of diagnosis of maternal syphilis, maternal treatment scheme, treatment of the mother's partner and performance of prenatal. From 2008 to 2017, 9866 cases of congenital syphilis were registered in the state of Pernambuco, the numbers of cases showed an increasing trend over the time line. Out of the total, 75% (n = 7405) of women with a notified outcome of CS performed prenatal care. But only 36.9% (n = 3642) of cases of syphilis during pregnancy were diagnosed. As for the treatment performed, 57% (n = 6551) were done inappropriately. The data reflect the need for adjustments in prenatal care in Pernambuco, as well as the strengthening of actions aimed at controlling this indicator


The present invention provide a report approaches and transmit Label Switching router based on the tunnel, the entrance of the tunnel has been built Label Switching Router (LSR), the as-built tunnel export LSR and non-tunnel has been built in LSR posed by the Channel tunnel Label Switching (LSP) static allocation, and configuration LSR tunnel entrance has been built, the tunnel will have built their own entrance LSR reach the path downstream equipment identification information has been set to build the tunnel information, the establishment of the new tunnel completed; When the new tunnel needed to transmit text, in accordance with the method of transmitting LSP Tunnel text was transmitted, and arrived at the tunnel has been built the entrance LSR, in accordance with the entrance of the tunnel has been built LSR reach their downstream equipment will be on the path to the text information from as-built tunnel transponders until the new tunnel export LSR. Application of this invention program, the tunnel can be built into the new tunnel, so that we can effectively use the tunnel has been built to save the tunnel resources.


This essay examines representations of Iraqi women in the works of poets, novelists, and public intellectuals during the Hashemite period. Defining the functions of women in modern Muslim societies, Iraqi intellectuals sought inspiration in the writings of Egyptian and Turkish writers. I demonstrate, however, that the discourse about women grew more Iraqi-centric in the 1940s and 50s. I also argue that the changes in the representations of women mirrored the radicalization of the Iraqi intelligentsia. While during the interwar period, the conversation about gender roles was mostly conducted among men who debated education, seclusion, and domesticity, after World War II, social democrats, communists, and radical pan-Arabists utilized the mistreatment of women as a way to criticize the Hashemite state. Women affiliated with these groups defined themselves as citizens, rather than national subjects, with equal rights. The discourse also had global aspects, as Iraqi intellectuals appropriated and hybridized colonial perceptions of Muslim women.


Objective:To investigate the association of RANTES genetic polymorphism with endometriosis.Methods: PCR-PFLP technique and Sequencing method was used to detect C/G single nucleotide polymorphisms of-28 locus in RANTES gene of 46 women with endometriosis(endometriosis group) and 35 women without endometriosis(control group).Results: In endometriosis group,the distribution frequencies of C/C genotype and C/G genotype of-28 locus in RANTES gene were 84.78% and 15.22%,respectively;in control group,the distribution frequencies of C/C genotype and C/G genotype of-28 locus in RANTES gene were 85.71% and 4.29%,respectively,there was no significant difference between the two groups(P0.05).The distribution frequencies of C allele and G allele of-28 locus in RANTES gene were 92.39% and 7.61% in endometriosis group,92.86% and 7.14% in control group,respectively,there was no significant difference between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusions: C/G polymorphism of-28 locus in RANTES gene may be independent of hereditary susceptibility of endometriosis.


For micropropagation via organ culture, mature embryos were excised from the seeds of Pinus armandii. Franch. var. amamiana (Koidz.) Hatusima, an endangered species only inhabiting the south west islands of Japan. Adventitious buds were induced on the surface of the embryo on 1/2 DCR medium containing BAP, and they grew shoots after subculturing to medium containing activated charcoal or a low concentration of thidiazuron. From the elongated shoots, root primordia and roots were induced in medium containing IBA as an auxine. We found that a low concentration of zeatin or BAP added to the medium was beneficial for plant regeneration of mature embryos of this species. For micropropagation via somatic embryogenesis, embryogenic cell suspensions were induced from a mature and immature seed of P. armandii var. amamiana on MS liquid medium supplemented with 1 µM 2, 4-D and 3 µM BAP. The suspensions were incubated in the dark at 250. Induced suspension cells were transferred to ammonium free MS liq- uid medium supplemented with 1 µM 2, 4-D, 3 µM BAP and 30m M L-glutamine and subcultured every 2 weeks. In the other set of the experiment, the induction rate of somatic embryogenesis was high with ammonium free half strength MS medium. In order to develop somatic embryos, the suspension cells were transferred to ammonium free MS medium supplemented with 10 µM ABA, 0.2% activated char- coal, 10% PEG (MW6000), 30m M L-glutamine and 6% maltose. The cultures were incubated under a 16h light/8h dark photoperiod. After 1-2 months of culture, differentiation of embryos progressed and cotyledonary embryos were obtained. These embryos were transferred on ammonium free MS solid medium under 16 h photoperiod. After 2-3 weeks plantlets with roots and green cotyledons were obtained. Plantlets were transplanted to vermiculite containing modified MS liquid medium in 200 ml culture flasks, then out planted after habituation procedure


The following article discusses important questions of the individual needs of a child with autism. The authors have identified three fundamental planes which are among the most significant areas of reference in the work with a child for parents and specialists whose aim is to support a child's development and to enhance his or her functioning in society. Communication, social inter-actions and education are, according to the authors, the basic areas and scopes defining the most important goals of the didactic, educational and therapeutic work. The text systematizes main assumptions behind actions oriented to treating a child with autism.


Environmental monitoring is conducted on the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Hanford Site to comply with DOE Orders and federal and state regulations. Major objectives of the monitoring are to characterize contaminant levels in the environment and to determine site contributions to the contaminant inventory. This report focuses on surface soil and perennial vegetation samples collected between 1971 and 2008 as part of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Surface Environmental Surveillance Project performed under contract to DOE. Areas sampled under this program are located on the Hanford Site but outside facility boundaries and on public lands surrounding the Hanford Site. Additional samples were collected during the past 8 years under DOE projects that evaluated parcels of land for radiological release. These data were included because the same sampling methodology and analytical laboratory were used for the projects. The spatial and temporal trends of six radionuclides collected over a 38-year period were evaluated. The radionuclides----cobalt-60, cesium-137, strontium-90, plutonium-238, plutonium-239/240, and uranium (reported either as uranium-238 or total uranium)----were selected because they persist in the environment and are still being monitored routinely and reported in Hanford Site environmental reports. All these radionuclides were associated with plutonium production and waste management of activities more » occurring on the site. Other sources include fallout from atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons, which ended in 1980, and the Chernobyl explosion in 1986. Uranium is also a natural component of the soil. This assessment of soil and vegetation data provides important information on the distribution of radionuclides in areas adjacent to industrial areas, established perimeter locations and buffer areas, and more offsite nearby and distant locations. The concentrations reflect a tendency for detection of some radionuclides close to where they were utilized onsite, but as one moves to unindustrialized areas on the site, surrounding buffer areas and perimeter location into the more distant sites, concentrations of these radionuclides approach background and cannot be distinguished from fallout activity. More importantly, concentrations in soil and vegetation samples did not exceed environmental benchmark concentrations, and associated exposure to human and ecological receptors were well below levels that are demonstratively hazardous to human health and the environment. « less


SPOT and LANDSAT TM satellite imagery have been used to map surface manifestations associated with the Wairakei and Waiotapu geothermal systems in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. These manifestations include fumaroles, steaming and hydrothermally altered ground, and sinter. In both areas there are also distinctive patterns of geothermally stressed vegetation that extend over much larger areas than do most individual surface features. This stressed vegetation has reflectance characteristics different from those of the surrounding non-stressed vegetation that allow it to be distinguished on high spatial resolution SPOT (20 m) and LANDSAT TM (30 m) multispectral imagery. Though conventional SPOT XS and LANDSAT TM colour infrared band combinations can distinguish various surface features, they do not clearly separate thermally stressed from adjacent non-stressed vegetation. The fundamental discriminatory information is within the mid-infrared TM band 5 (1.55-1.75 pm). TM colour composite images that combine bands 5 and 4 (near-infrared) and a visible wavelength band (1, 2 or 3) allow such discrimination. A SPOT-TM hybrid image, created by combining the higher spatial resolution SPOT XS bands 2 and 3 with the TM band 5 , yields better results. This evaluation shows that geothermally stressed vegetation provides a very good target for satellite remote sensing, which will aid exploration and monitoring geothermal systems in highly vegetated areas.


Leaderette: The cognition and scientific exploration of freedom is not only the foundation of development of human cognition and science,but also the foundation of overall human civilization.China's political civilization has stridden into the advanced socialist cultural era,but the remains of "dictatorial rule" and "persecution" from the huge burden of feudalist tradition from thousands of years is still difficult to be eliminated,which hinder the development of our cognition,science and social civilization today.Therefore,it has been of special strategic significance that CCP central committee takes "Emancipation of Thoughts" as its political guideline."Science and technology are the prime productive forces","scientific and technological innovation" are the most significant factors for the development of the society,which are not only respected and protected,but also initiated and encouraged.The dispute in cognition and in science is the premise of development in cognition and science,and is the indispensable process and part in "scientific and technological innovation".Holography is contemporarily a new study,on whose basic principle,Zhang Yingqing,a Chinese scholar,has founded "holographic biology",which is also a new study still in the disputed state.Various disputes are normal.It is due to the various comments and appraisals that the development of this study is made possible.The article published here was handed to a visitor by Zhang Yingqing before his passing away. He hoped to have the article published,but regretfully he,himself,did not see it in print.This can be a fulfillment of the writer's wish,and it is hoped that this can promote the profound cognition and exploration of "holographic biology"-a new scientific scope.In addition,we hope to inform our readers and authors that this periodical has maintained a column,"Oriental Academic Innovation",which is established on the judgment and faith of offering valuable treasure and profound edification in China's traditional humanitarian thoughts,in China's traditional scientific thoughts,in contemporary human innovation of cognition and science.It is also our firm belief that facing human academic innovation, it is time for Chinese nation to produce global giants in thinking scope and in scientific scope.Therefore,we welcome your donation of manuscripts as always, and will constantly give grand release of masterpieces in this area.


s are indicated by (abstract) following the entry; correspondence is indicated by (corr). Page numbers beginning with S denote articles in April


The objective of this work was to develop a rule-based expert system for recognition of single or overlapping cells. A local threshold was found automatically by gradient operations and then used for chain-code formation. The shape analysis was done on the chain code of cell edges. The curvature function was derived from the chain code. The rule-based expert system assisted in analyzing the curvature function and making decisions on object recognition. The preliminary results in this study demonstrate the potential of expert systems in cell image segmentation.<<ETX>>


By introducing a trifluoromethyl group on 5-position of the pyridyl ring of 2-benzo[b] thiophen-2-yl-pyridine, a new red emission iridium complex [(btfmp)2Ir(pic)] using pyridyl-2-carboxylic acid as ancilary ligand was synthesized and characterized. We observed that a CF3 substituent on the 5-position of the ligand can decrease in the bandgap between the HOMO and LUMO levels, so as to result in large red shift of the emission baud, but pyridyl-2-carboxylic acid acted as the ancilary ligand lead to emission shifting to blue. As a result saturated red light emitting EL based on red emission at 637 nm from the iridium complex as observed, a peak luminance efficiency of 3.0 cd/A, and the CIE color coordinates of (x=0.65, y=0.29) which are almost not changed under the varied driving current were obtained.


ABSTRACT Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is one of the neutrophilic dermatosis, a heterogenous group of rare inflammatory diseases affecting the skin. It is often associated with systemic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis or hematological malignancies. Classical PG is characterized by painful ulcers with violaceous, undermined border, often developing at sites of injury because of the typical pathergy phenomenon. Because of its polymorphic presentation, misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis are common. We present a case of PG occurring after transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in a young female patient with ulcerative colitis. Although electric current has previously been incriminated as a trigger for PG, to the best of our knowledge this is the first case precipitated by TENS. We report a typical case of PG occurring after an unusual stimulus and highlight the challenges that the diagnosis of this relatively rare pathology poses to the clinician.


Strain‐stiffening, i.e. the nonlinear stiffening of a material in response to a strain, is an intrinsic feature of many biological systems, including skin, blood vessels, and single cells. To avoid a mismatch in mechanical properties, synthetic materials in contact with such biological systems should also be strain‐stiffening. Conventional strain‐stiffening materials are either highly dependent on the applied strain‐rate, or only available for a limited stiffness regime. Both aspects limit the applicability of these materials. In contrast, living cells employ a dynamic strain‐stiffening mechanism that is based on the cross‐linking of cytoskeletal fibers in response to external stress. This strain‐stiffening of the cytoskeleton is mimicked in a mechanical metamaterial by a minimalistic structure consisting of parallel slats connected to backbones. Herein, it is demonstrated experimentally that the structures can be adapted such that the strain required for stiffening, the final stiffness, as well as the degree of stiffening can be tuned, particularly by combining several strain‐stiffening elements. These properties make the structure promising for the development of devices that should resemble the mechanical properties of human soft tissues, e.g., skin‐integrated flexible electronics and blood vessel grafts.


rhetoric does not make a real humanist, or even a genuine forerunner of that creative humanism which grasped the spirit and treasured the values of the Ancient World. The rest of the work, ranging through chronological groups from Agricola and Hegius to the early years of both Luther and Melanchthon, forms an impressive synopsis of modem research. There are judicious accounts of Celtis and of the Mutianus and Vadianus circles, the Weisskunig and the Epistolae Obscurorum Virorum, together with some penetrating passages on Reuchlin and Cabbalistic literature. Erasmus is adroitly shifted in and out of focus in accordance with his many pervasive influences upon his German contemporaries. Needless to add, historians never find a history of literature adjusted exactly according to their many specialized needs. Those with Luther's movement in mind will miss here a solid


Extensive full‐thickness skin loss, associated with deep burns or other traumata, represents a major clinical problem that is far from being solved. A promising approach to treat large skin defects is the use of tissue‐engineered full‐thickness skin analogues with nearly normal anatomy and function. In addition to excellent biological properties, such skin substitutes should exhibit optimal structural and mechanical features. This study aimed to test novel dermo‐epidermal skin substitutes based on collagen type I hydrogels, physically strengthened by two types of polymeric net‐like meshes. One mesh has already been used in clinical trials for treating inguinal hernia; the second one is new but consists of a FDA‐approved polymer. Both meshes were integrated into collagen type I hydrogels and dermo‐epidermal skin substitutes were generated. Skin substitutes were transplanted onto immuno‐incompetent rats and analyzed after distinct time periods. The skin substitutes homogeneously developed into a well‐stratified epidermis over the entire surface of the grafts. The epidermis deposited a continuous basement membrane and dermo‐epidermal junction, displayed a well‐defined basal cell layer, about 10 suprabasal strata and a stratum corneum. Additionally, the dermal component of the grafts was well vascularized. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The system of judge's "aufklarungsrecht" is widely applied in foreign countries and it avails to realize judicatory justice and efficiency. At present, our nation's pattern of civil litigation is generally transferred from authority system to adversary system and the system of "aufklarungsrecht"is of great significanc.to our nation's civil litigation. It can alleviate the conflict from the reform of judgement efficiently, and promote the reform of judgement to be carried on smooth. Furthermore , it can realize the modem judicatory value. We discuss how to establish the system of judge' s "aufklarungsrecht" in our nation from the scope of "aufklarungsrecht", the principles and assurance of the exertion of "aufklarungsrecht".


This work is devoted to the three-dimensional modeling and evaluation of multi-electrode capacitive sensing, in an insulin pen used by diabetic persons, for insulin dose precise detection. To this purpose a fully parameterized model has been developed in ANSYS for the insulin pen containing a smart cap which hosts the electrodes, used for the capacitive measurement and therefore dose detection. Different electrode configurations have been evaluated, including 3, 4, 6 and 8 electrodes. The numerical values of the electrode capacitances have been extracted using Maxwell 3D for all the configurations proposed.


'TALKA' (Voluntary unpaid work performed collectively) is a form of work o rganization based on mutual help from neighbours and working in return. The area where this form of assistance is spread over is rather large. This form of work is common not only to Lithuanians, (in Lithuanian it is called 'TALKA'), but also in Russia and Ukraine (where it is called 'TOLOKA') in Byelorussia ('TALAKA'), in Poland ('TŁOKA' ). However, in each nation it has its own peculiarities. The basic purpose of this kind of assistance is to do urgent work of a greater volume, in which case the peasant and his family members are not sufficient or the nature of the work demands a greater number of farm-hands. Therefore 'talka' directly relates to the development of peasant farming. As far back as the end of the 19th century, as the use of threshers spread throughout the Lithuanian villages and they needed to be worked by quite a number of hands, the assistance while threshing ( talka) which earlier was not considered a prominent tradition, became a popular practice, especially on medium or large farms that were under an obligation to thresh a large quantity of corn (grain). So 'Talka' is not only the remnant of the primitive society work tradition, but also the outcome of the property and social differentiation among peasants. At the end of the 19th century, as large peasant farms were taking shape, the property differentiation which was becoming more obvious brought in new traits to 'TALKA'. According to the way it was organized, 2 types of the assistance work (Talka) could be segregated. First of all Work-in-Return Assistance ( ) came to flourish. (The Russians used to call this kind of work just 'Work in Return' ( Z ELENIN 1991). (Paying by Work). This was the kind of assistance which some peasants came to in the hope of receiving support for themselves (work in return), while others used to work off their debts; i.e. for the seed, pasturing, mea dows, etc. After WW1, however, besides the peasants, hired hands used to participate in the 'Talka'. This form of assistance is more typical of harvest time, time of fertili zing fields, hay-making and forest care. This principle of organizing 'Talka' became practiced among peasants through the manor, where the " work-in-return " practice in the post-serfdom period village (serfdom in Lithuania went out of practice in the 7th decade of the 19th century) was a remnant of the Serfdom Law, therefore " workin-return " practice in the manors might be classified as a modification of the feudal


The different deflection measuring vehicles will affect the result of deflection measured by Benkelman Beam method.To improve the consistency of deflection measurement,it is necessary to analyze the main effect factors of deflection measuring vehicles and control these factors in selecting deflection measuring vehicles.Based on deflection measurement and by model analysis for different pavement structures,the factors which will affect measurement result of deflection,such as single rear axle load,type,tread pattern,ply,pressure and size of rear tire,were estimated.The data analysis shows that(1) the axle load and the tire particularity remarkably affect the measurement result of deflection,which implies that it is not enough only to control axle load;(2) the tires of deflection measuring vehicle affect the result of deflection remarkably,and the tire size is a key influencing factor.Finally,the recommended criterion of deflection measuring vehicle for deflection measurement with Benkelman Beam method was put forward.


A comprehensive theory developed previously for optical heating in semiconductors is applied to the calculation of laser damage thresholds in Ge, Si, InSb, and GaAs. The calculated thresholds agree well with the experimental values over a broad range of laser wavelengths and pulse durations. The results demonstrate that the dynamic nature of the material's optical and transport properties with changing temperature and laser‐generated carrier density has a significant effect on the heating process, particularly at short pulse durations.


The use of Internet of Things (IoT) may provide the boost which is required to improve the productivity of Indian agriculture system which is well below the world average and may help in improving the income and conditions of Indian farmer. The present paper presents the efforts done by the researchers in this direction to promote the use of Information technology in general and IoT in particular in Indian agriculture sector. The areas in which IoT helps are, robotics, decision support systems, smart irrigation, precision farming, use of social media for the benefit of Indian farmers. The use of agent based systems in Indian Agriculture scenario has also been discussed in this paper.


Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a powerful method for the detection and quantification of stationary and dynamic protein-protein interactions. Technical limitations have hampered systematic in vivo FRET experiments to study protein-protein interactions in their native environment. Here, we describe a rapid and robust protocol that combines adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-mediated in vivo delivery of genetically encoded FRET partners with ex vivo FRET measurements. The method was established on acutely isolated outer segments of murine rod and cone photoreceptors and relies on the high co-transduction efficiency of retinal photoreceptors by co-delivered AAV vectors. The procedure can be used for the systematic analysis of protein-protein interactions of wild type or mutant outer segment proteins in their native environment. Conclusively, our protocol can help to characterize the physiological and pathophysiological relevance of photoreceptor specific proteins and, in principle, should also be transferable to other cell types.


On Feb. 7, a three-member panel of the World Trade Organization (WTO) issued a confidential interim report on the complaints of Canada, the U.S. and Argentina against the European Commission's alleged moratorium on approving products containing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) (European Communities - Measures Affecting the Approval and Marketing of Biotech products, WT/DS292, 291, 293). This long-awaited decision raises a range of critical issues in relation to WTO members' sovereignty in addressing health and environmental risks, the role of scientific evidence in domestic policymaking and potential conflicts between WTO law and other areas of public international law.


The article discusses anthropocultural reality, describes its differences from the cultural and anthropic realities. The author reveals limitedness of cultural and anthropic approaches in describing reality. Status of design in contemporary culture is defined; impact of design on the social, cultural and anthropic reality is described


While researchers have invested substantial effort to build architectural power models, validating such models has proven difficult at best. In this paper, we examine the accuracy of commonly used architectural power models using the TRIPS system as a case study. We use the TRIPS processor because we have ready access to the TRIPS architectural simulators, RTL simulators, and hardware. Access to all three levels of the design provides key insights that are missing from previously published power validation studies. First, we show that applying common architectural power models out-of-the-box to TRIPS results in an underestimate of the total power by 65%. Next, using a detailed breakdown of an accurate RTL power model (6% average error), we identify and quantify the major sources of inaccuracies in the architectural power model. Finally, we show how fixing these sources of errors decreases the inaccuracy to 24%. While further reductions are difficult due to systematic modeling errors in the simulator, we conclude with recommendations on where to focus attention when building architectural power models.


The present invention bind to the cell surface epitope, a multivalent forms, including lymphoid tumor cells rise to cell death, or guidance, the monovalent form, inhibits activation occurred immunosuppressive or lymphocytes to relates to a polypeptide composition. The present invention further provides the nucleic acid encoding the polypeptide, a method for producing the polypeptide, a method of killing cells, a method of suppressing the patient's immune, medicaments comprising said polypeptide, diagnostic and multivalent compositions and kits, the use of said polypeptide.


Computer-aided diagnosis for medical imaging is a well-studied field that aims to provide real-time decision support systems for physicians. These systems attempt to detect and diagnose a plethora of medical conditions across a variety of image diagnostic technologies including ultrasound, x-ray, MRI, and CT. When designing AI models for these systems, we are often limited by little training data, and for rare medical conditions, positive examples are difficult to obtain. These issues often cause models to perform poorly, so we needed a way to design an AI model in light of these limitations. Thus, our approach was to incorporate expert domain knowledge into the design of an AI model. We conducted two qualitative think-aloud studies with doctors trained in the interpretation of lung ultrasound diagnosis to extract relevant domain knowledge for the condition Pneumothorax. We extracted knowledge of key features and procedures used to make a diagnosis. With this knowledge, we employed knowledge engineering concepts to make recommendations for an AI model design to automatically diagnose Pneumothorax.


In order to quantify the life cycle energy consumption of highways, life cycle assessment method is adopted to quantitatively analyze the energy consumption of a bridge-based expressway in South China. The total life cycle energy consumption was 1343967 tce, while the energy consumption per functional unit was 18733.86 tce/km. In addition, the proportion of the life cycle energy consumption for raw material production, construction and transportation was 71.90%, 13.64% and 14.47%, respectively. As data analysis shown, cement and steel bars have the greatest impact on energy consumption, the energy-saving measures during the construction phase should focus mainly on electricity and diesel, while during the operation phase should focus on controlling the power consumption. Based on the results, a series of energy-saving measures are proposed from the perspective of material-saving, energy-saving and management-strengthen.


A computational procedure is developed to analyze the out-of-plane motion of pre-tensioned moving paper webs. The standard Galerkin nite element method is employed along with the Newmark direct time integration scheme for the solution of the governing equation. It is demonstrated that when the tension is the dominant restoring force, this displacement-based nite element formulation will not introduce the well-known shear locking. In addition, results obtained with both the proposed formulation and the mixed nite element formulation with MITC (mixed interpolated tensorial components) elements based on the Mindlin/Reissner plate theory are compared.


Clarifying and Analyzing the social construction of moral reality, the birth of moral authority as well as the social construction of school moral education, the formation of school moral education system, the social function of school moral education, the educational authority and the educational ideology, researchers' standpoint and the plight of moral education from the perspective of knowledge sociology will help us understand the moral educational theory, thus getting out of the plight of moral criticism.


All structures built on soft soil may experience uncontrollable settlement and critical bearing capacity. This may not meet the design requirements for the geotechnical engineer. Soil stabilization is the change of these undesirable properties in order to meet the requirements. Traditional methods of stabilizing or through in-situ ground improvement such as compaction or replacement technique is usually costly. Now a safe and economic disposal of industrial wastes and development of economically feasible ground improvement techniques are the important challenges being faced by the engineering community. This work focuses on improving the soft soil brought from Baghdad by utilizing the local waste material for stabilization of soil, such as by using "Nylon carry bag's by product" with the different percentage and corresponding to 1 %, 3% and 5% (the portion of stabilizer matters to soil net weight) of dried soil. The results indicated that as Nylon's fiber content increases, the liquid limit decreases while the plastic limit increases, so the plasticity index decreases. Furthermore, the maximum dry density decreases while, the optimum moisture content increases as the Nylon's fiber percentage increases. The compression index (decreases as the Nylon's fiber increases and provides a maximum of 43% reduction by adding 5% nylon waste material. In addition, the results indicated that, the undrained shear strength increases as the nylon fiber increases.


In the course on recalling the history of modern college library, the article excavated that modern college library was formed the decisive planning mode and architectural style before last century 80's, as a major member of universities' architecture. And to a great extent, it influenced university library after last century 80's. In order to explain this phenomenon intuitively, the article has carried on the massive on-the-spot investigation and the research, then has expounded their historical value, artistic value and scientific value, and finally gives the new development suggestion through undeceiving demonstration of argumentation. The article also lies in enlightening more experts of other cities on research relevantly, so that the development status of college library has presented in precise term throughout the country, and then afforded us a useful reference in creating college library further better.


Abstract This study reports on silicon nitride (Si3N4) and graphene nanoplatelets binary powder reinforced hybrid titanium composites obtained by a powder metallurgy method. Si3N4 powder was added at 3 wt.% and graphene nanoplatelets were added in various amounts (0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60 wt.%) in the titanium matrix. Density, micro-Vickers hardness, compressive behavior, wear properties and microstructure of the hybrid composites were evaluated. Addition of different percentages of graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 to the titanium matrix composites significantly enhanced mechanical properties. The highest hardness (634 HV) and compressive strength (1458 MPa) values were measured for 0.15 wt.% graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 added titanium hybrid composite. The lowest mass loss and wear rate (Δm = 4 mg, W = 6.1×10–5 mm3 (N m)–1) values were measured for the same 0.15 wt.% graphene nanoplatelets and 3 wt.% Si3N4 added titanium hybrid composite compared with pure Ti.


Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the combination treatment of injection to scar and ICNB for patients with post-zoster neuralgia on the trunk. Methods: We collect retrospective data on 23 patients undergoing combination treatment of injection to scar and ICNB in the management of neuropathic pain in patients with post-zoster neuralgia on the trunk during eight years beginning on January 1, 2011. We performed a combination treatment of injection to scar and intercostal nerve under fluoroscopy. The mixture of 3 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine containing 1 mg of triamcinolone and hyaluronic acid was injected around the scar and intercostal nerve under fluoroscopy. Pain intensity was measured using a visual analog score (VAS), quality of life scale (QOLS) and morphine consumption were measured at baseline and after management. Results: The mean (±SD) VAS of baseline status was 7.3 (±0.56) before the combination treatment in the management of episodic pain with constant pain in patients with post-zoster neuralgia. VAS decreased to 2.26±1.05 after the combination treatment compared with baseline VAS and was sustained by 2.35±0.83 for 1 week and by 2.48±0.99 at 1 month. After 6 months, the pain remained at 2.52±1.16. In morphine consumption, the baseline doses were 104±126 mg/day that significantly reduced to 40±20 mg/day and 32±17 mg/day after one 1-month and 6-months postprocedure (p<0.001). The dose of gabapentin (1,200±300 mg/day) before treatment. The dose of gabapentin in the first month did not significantly decrease in taking gabapentin (1,000±300 mg/day) compared with the baseline dose (1,200±300 mg/day). Consumption after 6 months was also significantly reduced by 600±300 mg/day. Conclusion: This clinical study suggests that the combination treatment of injection to scar and intercostal nerve block for patients with post-zoster neuralgia on the trunk is effective and safe for relieving post-zoster neuralgia


This paper draws on practical experience in the development and implementation of an integrated learning environment (ILE) that allows teachers to take advantage of improved connectivity to use the Web as a medium for teaching and learning activities in Hong Kong primary schools. It explores the critical issues of implementation, the ingredients needed for creating an infrastructure to support a rich mix of learning to facilitate an active learning community involving school administrators, teachers, students and parents and school culture change in adopting a new paradigm.


In this paper, a novel radiation-hardened 14-transistor SRAM bitcell with speed and power optimized [radiation-hardened with speed and power optimized (RSP)-14T] for space application is proposed. By circuit- and layout-level optimization design in a 65-nm CMOS technology, the 3-D TCAD mixed-mode simulation results show that the novel structure is provided with increased resilience to single-event upset as well as single-event–multiple-node upsets due to the charge sharing among OFF-transistors. Moreover, the HSPICE simulation results show that the write speed and power consumption of the proposed RSP-14T are improved by ~65% and ~50%, respectively, compared with those of the radiation hardened design (RHD)-12T memory cell.


Figures and Check Ups. Preface. About the Authors. 1. Governance Basics. 2. Obligations. 3. Functioning: Responsibilities. 4. Functioning: Roles. 5. Structure. 6. Composition. 7. Infrastructure. 8. Transforming Your Board. Resources. A. The Sixty Four Principles. B. Illustrative Board Policies. C. Sample Committee Charters. D. Illustrative Board Chair Position Description. E. Illustrative Governance Principles.F. For Further Reading. Index.


tion in light of both the South's changed political context over the last several decades and the recent focus of partisan identification research on intransitivities and dimensionality. The analysis is based on two recent Louisiana state convention delegate surveys and the 1968 CSEP mass survey. Significant numbers of Democratic elite (convention delegates) and mass respondents hold split partisan identifications. The findings attest to the durability of partisan identification, provide an alternative explanation for the partisan identification index intransitivities/dimensionality, and call for the development of time series data to explore the


Usually, tokamak core scaling laws are written in terms of dimensionless geometrical quantities and parameters corresponding to Coulomb collisionality, gyro-motion, and plasma beta. However, Lackner [K. Lackner, Comments Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 15, 359 (1994)] observed that the temperature profiles also must be the same to obtain the same atomic physics in the divertor region of similar discharges. He obtained a scaling indicating that none of the present tokamaks could be made similar to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) [G. Janeschitz et al., J. Nucl. Mater. 220–222, 73 (1995)], but implicitly retained only two body interactions. Subsequent work [P. J. Catto et al., Phys. Plasmas 3, 3191 (1996)] demonstrated that non-two-body effects (multistep radiation, excitation, and ionization processes as well as three body recombination) cannot be ignored for plasma densities above 1019 m−3; the regime in which the ITER divertor must operate. In this reactor relevant regime, scali...


Influenza A virus poses a continuing threat to the health of humans and farmed animals, and predictions of impending pandemics are commonplace. This review discusses the unique combination of genetic features that make this virus such a threat, and explains why current control measures are inadequate. However, in spite of this, certain herbal extracts rich in polyphenols could play an important role in controlling influenza virus outbreaks and alleviating symptoms of the disease. One of the attractions of herbal treatment is the broad spectrum of potential viral targets, since components of these herbs can interact with different viral proteins and are not constrained by viral strain differences and drug-resistant mutations; consequently any influenza virus is susceptible. In addition these extracts often have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties, all of which would be beneficial during influenza infection.

 Key words: Influenza virus, avian 'flu, swine 'flu, antiviral, pandemic, cytokines, anti-inflammatory, herbal extracts, polyphenols.


120 women 19-35 years old received Lyndiol (5 mg lynestrenol and .15 mg ethinyl estradiol) daily for 3 out of every 4 weeks for a total of 876 woman-months of use. The withdrawal rate was 23% with 10% withdrawing because of side effects including nausea amenorrhea dysmenorrhea weight gain headache pain and vaginal discharge. Breakthrough bleeding occurred only once during the experiment. 1 pregnancy was reported in a case in which the woman did not take the pills properly. It was concluded that Lyndiol is an effective contraceptive with minimal side effects and very good patient acceptance.