The Voxel Imaging PET (VIP) project presents a new approach for the design of nuclear medicine imaging devices by using highly segmented pixel CdTe sensors. CdTe detectors can achieve an energy resolution of ≈ 1% FWHM at 511 keV and can be easily segmented into submillimeter sized voxels for optimal spatial resolution. These features help in rejecting a large part of the scattered events from the PET coincidence sample in order to obtain high quality images. Another contribution to the background are random events, i.e., hits caused by two independent gammas without a common origin. Given that 60% of 511 keV photons undergo Compton scattering in CdTe (i.e. 84% of all coincidence events have at least one Compton scattering gamma), we present a simulation study on the possibility to use the Compton scattering information of at least one of the coincident gammas within the detector to reject random coincidences. The idea uses the fact that if a gamma undergoes Compton scattering in the detector, it will cause two hits in the pixel detectors. The first hit corresponds to the Compton scattering process. The second hit shall correspond to the photoelectric absorption of the remaining energy of the gamma. With the energy deposition of the first hit, one can calculate the Compton scattering angle. By measuring the hit location of the coincident gamma, we can construct the geometric angle, under the assumption that both gammas come from the same origin. Using the difference between the Compton scattering angle and the geometric angle, random events can be rejected.


OBJECTIVE To prepare the gastrodin sustained-release tablets exhibiting zero-order release,and to investigate the factors influencing the drug release.METHODS By investigating the dosage of penetrating agent in core,the dosage of plasticiser,the weight of coating membrane and the orifice size,the method of orthogonal design was used to choose the fitting formula with the cumulative percentage of drug release and synthetic scored method as the indexes.RESULTS The preparation complied with the drug release model with the osmotic pressure different as the release kinetic power,which showed the better characteristics of zero-order release and had stable release within 12 h.CONCLUSION The optimized preparation is suitable for the industrialized manufacture.


Abstract. Present paper describes the design and test results of indigenously developed electron beam pulsed accelerator, which is a kilo ampere linear injector: KALI-5000 having ratings of 1 MV, 80 kA, 100 ns, 80GW. It comprises of Marx generator, Blumlein pulse forming line (PFL) and relativistic electron beam diode. It is a single shot system. In view of numerous industrial and strategic applications of electron beam accelerators, BARC is actively pursuing the design and development of various kinds of accelerators viz. 10 MeV RF accelerators, 0.5 -3 MeV DC accelerator and 0.2-1 MeV pulsed electron accelerator. This paper presents the subsystem details of KALI-5000 and recent experimental results with electron beam emission.


This paper presents some aspects of a project devoted to conceptual and preliminary design of a specialized UAV to be used for operation in windy, turbulent environment of the Antarctic coast for monitoring of penguins. Among important design goals were high wing loading responsible for low sensitivity to gust and low weight-to-power ratio – important for high excess of power and quicker recovery from diving, pull-up and other manoeuvres. The design process is treated as an interdisciplinary approach, and includes a selection of thick laminar wing section, aerodynamic optimization of swept wing, stability analysis, weight balance, structural and aeroelastic analysis, many on-board redundant systems, reliability and maintainability analysis, safety improvement, cost and performance optimization. Research effort focuses mainly on platform design, selection of its external layout, control devices, structural design and on-board equipment.


In planning any vaccination program, priority should be given to such programs within the country's overall health plan. This judgment is made on the basis of indices on morbidity, mortality, vulnerability, feasibility and cost-benefit/effectiveness analyses. The application of mathematical / epidemiological models and the use of simulation and goal –seeking techniques and monograms are of great value and will provide information on health benefits which are either quantifiable or excessively difficult to quantify. To illustrate, two examples from Iran's measles vaccination program are cited. In a five-year , country –wide program with 37% coverage and $3,828,136 cost ($1.09/unit), 214,733 cases were prevented and 37,274 lives were saved, resulting in $10,736,650 case-treatment, 1,708,878 life-years and 644,200 school-days saved . The estimated cost of one prevented case is $18.62. A four-year specific campaign covering 55% of the at-risk labor-insured population , costing $59,444 (0.85/unit) resulted in 1,728 cases prevented, 61 lives(2,867 years) and 5,214 school –days and $152.327 case-treatment saved. The cost of one prevented case is estimated at $34.20.


This small gem is celebrating over 25 years of positive teaching impact! Millions all over the world have benefited from this wisdom. Easy training to digest and assess Core skills universal to all businesses Non-threatening approach guarantees reader acceptance


now surrounds it; 'sublato privato vestibulo' is Manutius's laconic note. Finally, how could Cicero defend himself and his brother on the same charge which he proceeds to make against others with the plea that it happened a long time ago ? Cicero then is here on the offensive, and this alone suits the context, which is too long to quote. It is Appius Claudius who has incorporated the shrine into his house, and Cicero is connected with the business solely because the temple is under his curatio; the house of Quintus has nothing to do with it. Long after I had inferred this, I discovered Ad Font. viii. 12. 3, where Caelius, prosecuting his quarrel with Appius Claudius in 50 B.C., remarks 'praeterea coepi sacellum in domo quod est ab eo petere'. Varro, R.R. iii. 2. 5 (dramatic date 54 B.C.) gives him a house in the Campus Martius, but there is no reason why he should not have had two, like Q . Cicero. One may translate 'Some think it my duty to remove the obstructions from round the shrine. They say that not long ago it stood in the open.' I should add two points. In the absence of more evidence one cannot safely identify the Argiletanum aedificium of Ad Att. i. 14. 7 (61 B.C.) with Quintus' house on the Carinae, as Gilbert, iii. 354 (-5) n. 3, does. Secondly, there is no ground for referring to the temple of Tellus the allusions in 58 below (vestris monumentissuum nomen inscripsit), AdFam. i. 9. 5 and 15, AdQ.F. ii. 8 (Sjogren), 2. There is one problem in these speeches about which I cannot come to any firm conclusion, but to which I should like to draw attention. I have not been able to get any clear picture of what is happening in Har. Resp. 22-26 and therefore I am left in perplexity about the meaning of scaena. Ritschl, Parerga Plautina, xix-xx, saw the difficulty but cleared it away by accepting the theory of spuriousness, and no subsequent book on theatrical antiquities, so far as I can discover, has taken account of it from a fresh viewpoint; nor is it discussed, for example, by A. Miiller, Philol. suppl. vii. Perhaps some student of the Roman stage can solve this.


Based on the ancient cases,logistic regression analysis had been employed to find the most important pathogens or pathological results,symptoms,and herbal medicines for Gan diseases and its syndromes.According to the same studying object (human body) between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern western medicine (MWM),the pathological mechanism of the pathogens or pathologic results and symptoms,and the pharmacological mechanism of the herbal medicines had been consulted in MWM.Based on the consulted results,it was found that Gan of TCM directly correlates to the hypothalamus,reticular formation of brain stem,limbic system,visual organ,conductive canal of vision,conductive canal of proprioception,vestibular system,cochlear organ,conductive canal of acouesthesia,conductive canal of locomotion,sensory nerve of viscera that governs the liver,gall bladder,stomach,esophagus,flexura coli lienalis colon,pancreas,lungs,pleura.In addition,the nerve that controls the reproductive system has something to do with Gan also.


This paper describes crowdsourcing as a concept of using the knowledge and skills of virtual communities. The analysis focuses on the case study of the polish, cultural Open Monuments Project. The Open Monuments project was initiated in 2012 by Centrum Cyfrowe Projekt: Polska. Its main goal was to encourage Poles to verify and add information on the monuments featured in the Polish national monument register, which often lacks current addresses, exact dates when particular monuments were constructed, or data which was not required in previous years (e.g. GPS co-ordinates). The effect of the community work became a springboard for the development of a nationwide website. Today, each monument featured on the website has its own separate page, and Internet users can add information, upload photos and documents, and submit "non-encyclopedia" content, i.e. trivia, legends, or anecdotes. The overriding goal of the paper is to shed some light on the factors that motivate Internet users to engage in social crowdsourcing.


While the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths [35] continues to rise all over the world, the numbers in Africa are not as high as predicted. With the exception of South Africa and Egypt, other countries in the continent seem to be faring well. There are still conflicting reasons as to how Africa has coped well in the face of the pandemic. While some countries, like Ghana, introduced lockdown measures, others, like Tanzania, dismissed the idea of a lockdown. Still, both countries have relatively less confirmed deaths. This article explores how messages conveyed by the Tanzanian and Ghanaian governments have played a role in dealing with the pandemic and the economic impact they face. We argue that the government messages did play a role in the registered confirmed cases. Tanzania, for instance, stopped registering cases and deaths after the president expressed distrust in the cases that were being announced, worried about what it could do to the economy. In Ghana, while the president took a different approach, his messages of hope and care prompted people to be more cautious, worrying about the economy later.


In this paper, an optimization method, Golden Ratio Algorithm (GRA), is introduced for biometric fusion at score level. Some experiments have been conducted, and the results show that the proposed method can optimally balance the contributions of different modalities for biometric person recognition. And the test results have also indicated that an Audio-Visual (AV) bimodal biometric system normally outperforms the respective single modality systems when biometric fusion is done properly. Furthermore, the experiments demonstrate that the performance of a biometric system relies on the accurate extraction of features from original biometric sources.


Objective:Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment,one of representative drugs of traditional Chinese medicine for external use,which has granulating functions,con treat various boils and sores,particularly to the stage of ulceration——pus and carrion almost vanished,skin and muscle has not growth yet.But wild elephants belong to the protected species and has been clearly prohibited to be killed and traded by the international organization.Then the Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment can not be used any more as a result of no elephant leather.We try to realize the importance of elephant leather on the Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment from the clinical research.If elephant leather has an important role on the Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment,then we try to make the best substitutes for elephant leather in the future. Methods:60 patients of chronic ulcers were randomly divided into two groups(treatment group and control group).Based on the control of blood sugar,infection and blood pressure and other basic treatment,ulcer wound was treated mainly with external treatment.Only when the most carrion had been discharged from the wound,did the two groups of patients are treated with Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment and Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment without elephant leather respectively,recorded in detail the wound granulation,epithelialization,secretions and the pH of wound. Results:After 30 days,there had significant difference between the two groups(P0.05)on the clinical effective rate,on the quality and the quantity of wound secretion,on the epithelial growth and the growth of granulation,on the pH of wound of two groups,on the time when the wound began to secrete pus,grow epithelial and to grow fresh granulation. Conclusion:Elephant leather had an important effect in the Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment and there was significant difference between Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment and the Sheng Ji Xiang Pi Ointment without elephant leather on the clinical research.


SUBTITLE: GLOBAL COMPETITION AND COST-CUTTING HAVE FORCED U.S.-FLAG CARRIERS TO MIXED-FLAG FLEETS: THE TREND HAS HAD PROFOUND EFFECTS ON THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO OPERATE THE SHIPS... OPERATIONS ON CROWLEY'S U.S.- FLAG AMBASSADOR AND GREEK-FLAG SEA WAVE.


Habitat use was investigated for two common endemic and benthic fishes, Crossostoma lacustre and Rhinogobius candidianus, in the Hapen Creek of northern Taiwan from August 1996 to December 1998. C. lacustre and R. candidianus overlapped in mesohabitat use; both fish species preferred riffles to pools. Further analyses based on stepwise multiple regression showed that fish density was significantly correlated with water depth, small boulder, and finer substrate for C. lacustre, but correlated with water depth, stream width, large boulder, and cobble for R. candidianus. The separation in the microhabitat use might have alleviated the pressure for interspecific competitions despite of their overlapping in the mesohabitat scale. Parallelly, the result suggests that the diverse substratum composition may have accounted for the co-exsitence of these two benthic fishes. It would also provide valuable information for habitat management and ecological engineering of mountain creeks in Taiwan. KEY WORD: Crossostoma lacustre, Rhinogobius candidianus, Riffle, Pool, Taiwan.


A general framework of a hybrid proximal point algorithm is proposed for the sovability of a class of nonlinear variational inclusions.At the same time,the notion of(A,η)-maximal monotonicity in the context of approximating the solutions of the inclusion problems is introduced.


With the geographic information technology in a wide range of applications in geotechnical engineering, in geotechnical engineering, the computer visualization technology has also been rapid development. Accurate three-dimensional mathematical model can make exploration data more realistic. In this paper, the three-dimensional visualization technology of computer combined with mathematical elevation model (DEM), and using multi-faceted function interpolation method to establish the accurately and effectively three-dimensional digital model of the slope. The results show that, the use of multi-faceted function interpolation method can effectively solve the slope of three-dimensional digital modeling interpolation problem.


Abstract : One of the most difficult problems in the mechanics of kinetic energy projectiles penetrating geological or cementitious target materials is a proper understanding of the frictional properties between the projectile surface and the target. The model developed in this study is limited to a simple definition of the state of the projectile surface as a set of uniformly distributed micro-asperities with the same active height, h = 20 microns, which are subject to fast adiabatic shearing. Although the heat conduction equation has not been solved numerically in this study, a useful approximation of the evolution of temperature in the bulk material was applied. This approximation permitted finding the closed form solution for the homologous bulk temperature, at different sliding conditions. Because evolution of the bulk temperature could be estimated, it also permitted finding the evolution of the coefficient of friction as a function of the sliding velocity. For every definition of the coefficient of friction a substantial decrease of the resistance to sliding at increasing velocities has been found. An open question remains as to the role of the hydrostatic pressure. For example, the experimental data suggest that at constant velocity the coefficient of friction will diminish as a function of pressure as predicted by Eq. (51). Thus, an advantage of the model presented here is that hydrostatic pressure can be taken into consideration in a correct way. Albeit implementation of the friction model in the form of Eq. (51) into numerical codes is rather too early, preliminary trials should be recommended.


Preliminary results of a study aimed to the determination of the response function, in direction and energy, of the Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GRBM) onboard the BeppoSAX satellite are presented. The study has been carried out by means of Monte Carlo techniques, taking into account on-ground calibration before launch, and the Crab spectrum measured during the flight. The derived response matrix will be used to evaluate properties (e.g., direction, spectrum, fluence) of all Gamma-Ray Bursts detected with the GRBM.


This paper briefly reports our recent progresses in the analytical and numerical studies on the dynamic fragmentation of brittle materials.The research renders a universal function for estima- ting the fragment size from the material parameters and the external strain rate.The curve of this function is plotted against the popular energy models,which was firstly presented by Grady and later modified by Glenn and Chudnovsky,to show the differences.Comparisons with other numerical re- sults and the experimental data show that the present model is more reasonable.Based on the theoret- ical analysis,we discuss further on the design and conduction of the experiments which are aimed to study the brittle fragmentation phenomenon.


With economic globalization and growing international trend of agriculture,the province's agricultural exports situation facing manufacturers is becoming more critical.As a large agricultural province of Anhui,the agricultural export trade is a serious challenge.To enhance the export competitiveness of agricultural products in Anhui,agricultural products export enterprises must establish a corporate social responsibility.This paper on the status of agricultural exports in Anhui Province,Anhui Province to identify socially responsible agricultural enterprises in the construction of problems,combined with the corporate social responsibility theory of scientific analysis,and finally put forward relevant countermeasures.


In modern information age,the Chinese medicine scientific research is developing gradually to the direction of mathematization.Mathematics will become the middle axle,key and tool of chinese medicine multi-disciplinary research.To revive the classical medicine thoughts including "Do anything abiding by the theory of yin and yang and exercising shu shu/healthy techniques"(Suwen·Shanggu Tianzhen Lun).It is a urgent and forward-looking strategy to integrate the mathematics and the traditional Chinese medicine in the 21st century.


The property of many engineering woods depends on the shape and orientation of their elements. This paper describes an attempt to estimate the 3-dimensional fiber orientation in insulation fiberboard (IB). Serial sections of IB were sliced off at every 50ƒÊm parallel to the board plane by a sliding microtome. Before sectioning, the specimen was embedded in epoxy resin and cured. Then, it was boiled in water for several hours to make the resin moderately soften. The orientation values were calculated on 2-dimensional Fourier transform image analysis. Analytical value indicates that fibers near the both surfaces orient to machine direction and the orientations decrease on inner plane. Section thickness was shown to affect the orientation values. The value was underestimated on a too thin section, because fibers are fragmented. On the other hand, obscure image of overlapping fibers on a too thick section gave also underestimated value. Some ideas are proposed to search for appropriate thickness.


This paper proposes a new high-speed motion planning algorithm for the mobile robot functioning on the distance-transformation image. The method utilizes the property that the value of the distance transformation image represents the distance from the obstacle. By the proposed method, the robot can move by translation to the farthest possible point only by examining a small number of points on the straight-line of the progress. This makes it possible to realize the fast motion planning. When a deadlock is produced, a new posture of the robot is determined at the position so that the collision with the obstacle does not occur. Then, the part of the motion down to the initial point is regenerated.

Finally, the speed of the proposed algorithm is compared to that of the conventional motion planning algorithm, and the fast operation is demonstrated experimentally.


It is almost a truism to say that the moral teaching of the New Testament exhibits wide diversity. While the Synoptic Gospels and the letters of Paul are marked by an abundance of concrete instruction, the contribution of other writings is more in the realm of motivation and exhortation. Instead of emphasizing concrete moral instruction, they focus on why Christians should persevere in the moral life. This essay examines the relationship between exhortation and doctrinal exposition in the Letter to the Hebrews, a relationship of no little import for contemporary Christian ethics.


This paper provides a method to eliminate pipe vibration on swirlmeter. We made an experimental research on a diameter 50 mm swirlmeter to study the influence that pipe vibration on the swirlmeter. Results show that using difference method can eliminate the error caused by pipe vibration by putting two sensors along the same side of the swirlmeters axis and using difference method. The experiment proved the approach using difference method to calculate the measured data feasible.


Deacidification is a process used for increasing pH value of papers in archives and libraries. Acidic paper thanks to acid hydrolysis of cellulose macromolecule becomes brittle over time, which are very unwished changes. Several technologies of deacidification process have been developed usually using solutions or particles with several micrometers size. Utilization of nanoparticles can increase the deacidification ability with less color influence on deacidified paper. In this paper, the utilization of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles for deacidification will be described. Different types of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The nanoparticles were prepared by reaction of calcium chloride solution with sodium hydroxide solution with at room temperature, in ultrasonic bath, with addition of alcohol and at elevated temperature (80°C). Also one type of commercially available nanoparticles suspension was tested. Consequently, ethanol suspension of these particles way sprayed on paper (acid wood paper and reference Wattman paper). It was proven that the distribution of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles is homogenous on the paper surface. The pH value of paper has increased after deacidification with all tested nanoparticles type. Mechanical testing has proven significant increase of mechanical properties of deacidified paper. Our results show that the smallest particles (with size of 50 nm) exhibit the best effectiveness of deacidification process.


For this work actual data of more than appointments of large laboratories in S atilde o Paulo and Rio de Janeiro Brazil were used The study has the first objective to study the profile of no show patients patients who schedule a clinical examination but do not attend it The second objective was to find out which variables are relevant to predict patient non attendance on the day of examination As a final objective it is of interest to provide at the time of the appointment whether the patient will attend the scheduled procedure or not In order to achieve these goals machine learning based prediction models were developed and analyzed resulting in a clustering of the scheduled patients according to their no show propensity Clustering was used instead of a binary result in order to allow for different strategies to be defined as the resulting profiles were analyzed The models were evaluated by their accuracy and the combination of Random Forest and Logistic Regression techniques presented the best results identifying clusters which had up to accuracy rate in a validation environment The main discussions follow in two lines the first one is related to the allocation of the available time from a patient who will not attend the examination to one who will The second discussion is in the understanding of the needs and circumstances that lead to non attendance in performing the exam


In accordance with the six-bar mechanism of slotting machine,a kinematics model is established,the kinematics simulation using Simulink is carried on,various components' motion curves are obtaind.This method with high precision is simple,visual,rapid,and advantageous for the mechanism optimization.


Five bromotyrosine-derived marine sponge metabolites, four psammaplins (1 – 4) and the psammaplin dimer, bisaprasin (5) were isolated from a lipid extract sample of the marine sponge Dendrilla lacunosa.  Psammaplins act as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors that alter cellular gene expression.  The D. lacunosa psammaplins activated the oxygen regulated transcription factor HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) in T47D human breast tumor cells and displayed cell line specific effects against aggressive organotropic metastatic cell lines that were derived from triple-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast tumor cells.


Based on the investigation of some simple supported beam bridges of a highway project,the analysis has been caried out of defections and their improving measurements for continuous pavement of simple supported beam brdidges,which concerns live loads,additional dead loads,and temperature.The deflection of both beams and bearings,the additional stress induced by temperature variation,and cracks created by live loads in the contiunous parts have all been discussed.And several improving measurements have been offered for the continuous pavement structures of simple supported beam bridges.


In this paper are described the characters of its raw material,raw material treatment conditions,spinning process flow,technical measures adopted in various process and attentions in production as well.


With 17% of the working-age population in 2010 being foreign-born, Austria has one of the largest shares of working-age immigrants in the OECD. As in other European OECD countries, the migration landscape in Austria has been shaped by the recruitment of low-educated labour migrants prior to the first oil shock and subsequent family migration. Even more important were the fall of the Iron Curtain in the late 1980s and the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, which triggered large-scale migration movements to Austria. More than three quarters of all migrants of working-age currently residing in Austria have arrived since the former event, with most entering between 1988 and 1995.


The tungsten films with ultra microstructure on CuCrZr alloy and China Low Activation Martensitic(CLAM) steel have been prepared by metal organic chemical vapor deposition(MOCVD).The films were produced by pyrolysing the tungsten hexacarbonyl at air or argon atmosphere.When formed at or below 400 C,they were poorly crystalized and the films showed low quality in thickness,density,bonding performance etc.While above this temperature,the properties of tungsten films have been improved,all the films consist of tungsten in the β-W.And β-W can change into α-W after heat treatment.As in other variations of pyrolysis,oxygen and carbon were observed.When filled with argon,the oxygen and carbon content would reduce apparently.Tungsten films prepared by MOCVD have stable chemical composition and microstructure.Besides,the properties of films on CuCrZr alloy are better than that on CLAM steel.


Over the other network to a method for managing copy the record into the primary storage unit in the storage system, there is provided an article of manufacture. Information about at least one primary storage, at least one primary device (which manage the I / O access to the at least one main storage), and at least one corresponding unit of storage (at least for the writing into a main storage above which are here copy search) the first group and at least one primary storage, at least one primary device (which is the at least I / O managing access to a main storage), and one or at least one corresponding unit of storage (at least that consisting of the writing into the primary storage in the second phase are stored in the group of search copy here). An error notification of the error in the sub to copy the record to the device from the main device is received from one of the primary devices in the first or second group. Freeze command is interrupted to copy the record to the at least one portion of the device that it becomes at least corresponding to (issue) as a primary device in the first group via the first network using the first network protocol. Freeze command is interrupted to copy the record to the at least one portion of the device that becomes to correspond to the at least one primary device in the second group via the second network using the second network protocol.


Objective To study variations in visual acuity at multiple contrast levels and discuss the inherent differences as well as related factors by measuring the subjective vision of myopic children.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.The corrected visual acuity of 76myopic children aged nine to fifteen years was measured at different contrast levels (100%,25%,10%,5%) with a multifunctional visual acuity tester.Myopia ranged from -1.12 to -6 D.LogMAR contrast visual acuity was recorded.The correlation of visual acuity with age,spherical equivalent refraction and astigmatism was analyzed.Results ①At contrast levels of 100%,25%,10%,5%,the average visual acuities of the myopic children were -1.007,0.067,0.303 and 0.558,respectively.LogMAR values gradually increased with a decline in contrast levels (F=321,P<0.01).Contrast visual acuity decreased linearly at low contrast intervals.②The children were divided into two groups based on their contrast visual scuties.Children with lower contrast visual acuity accounted for 30.3%.There were no statistical differences between the two groups when age,spherical equivalent refraction and astigmatism were compared.③here were no statistical differences in contrast visual acuity between the two groups when age,spherical equivalent refraction and astigmatism were compared.Conclusion Contrast visual acuity in myopic children decreased linearly at low contrast intervals and was not affected by age,low and moderate myopia or astigmatism.Individual differences may infer the susceptibility of myopic progression.

Key words:
Myopia; Chillren; Contrast visual acuity


The present society demands individuals formed integrally according to the time in which we live, that of the scientific technological development that integrates knowledge of different areas. Therefore education can not be relegated to divided knowledge, so it is necessary an integration of the same so that man can solve any problem that is presented to him in his context. The present work tries to review some traditional didactic processes, obsolete, and give way to the new pedagogical conception in the evaluation process. Which should always aim to evaluate learning from an interdisciplinary view. Working the natural sciences as a subject that allows the wonderful integration of science is one of my main objectives within my proposal. Review the components of an assessment according to the evaluation criteria proposed by the Ministry of Education and use them to guide students in their learning, thus giving an integral sense to the sciences. For this also refers to the use of digital tools in the evaluation process and is intended to frame the training of learners in lifelong learning, which means that the student does not stay with what little is explained in a class , But to make him an innate researcher, which is what our globalized society requires. In this way, we seek to bring about a pedagogical change and achieve educational quality.


The Bonghan system (BHS) was discovered in the 1950s by Dr. Bong Han Kim in North Korea. His first report, published in 1962, revealed the identity of 'acupuncture meridian' as a vascular system. Kim published five reports, containing completely new facts on BHS: its distribution throughout the entire body, even in blood and lymphatic vessels and self-renovating function via a new cell cycle, demonstrating its fundamental nature in life. In about 1966, Kim's research abruptly ceased but in about 2000, it was revived by Dr. Kwang-Sup Soh in South Korea, who later gave it another name, primo vascular system (PVS). Soh and other PVS scientists also uncovered new BHS/PVS facts: e.g., its roles in stem cell productions and in cancer metastasis. The review provides a glimpse of BHS/PVS science, which is so worthy of furthering. It includes: BHS and acupuncture meridian; BHS subtypes; sanal (산알)-cell cycle for cell-renovation and blood cell productions; sanals and stem cells; and cancer associated-PVS. The bases of BHS/PVS sciences are now laid out in front of us and it is up to us to combine our efforts together to further this important science. The review invites scientists in all fields to active debates to move forward and implement BHS/PVS sciences in healthcare.


We study computation of a controllable sublanguage of a given non-prefix-closed regular specification language for an unbounded Petri net. We approximate the generated language of the unbounded Petri net by a regular language, and compute the supremal controllable sublanguage of the specification language with respect to the regular language approximation. This computed language is a controllable sublanguage with respect to the original generated language of the unbounded Petri net, but is not necessarily the supremal one. We then present a sufficient condition under which the computed sublanguage is the supremal controllable sublanguage with respect to the original generated language of the unbounded Petri net.


The electromagnetic induced accelerator based on the drive frequency adjustment are provided. According to the invention, by varying the drive frequency of the coils to each other it included in the electromagnetic induction accelerator, to maximize the generation efficiency of the plasma acceleration of the plasma (plasma). Where the plasma is generated using a driving current of a high frequency, and increasing towards the outlet from which the plasma is accelerated to use the drive current of the lower frequency. Accordingly, can be implemented by an electromagnetic induced accelerator maximize the efficiency of plasma generation and the plasma acceleration efficiency, it is very easy to integrate the accelerator and the plasma source (plasma source) for generating a plasma. Plasma, accelerator, electromagnetic induced accelerator, a coil, a semiconductor process, the etching


General relativity predicts that the inner horizon of an astronomically realistic rotating black hole is subject to the mass inflation instability. The inflationary instability acts like a gravity-powered particle accelerator of extraordinary power, accelerating accreted streams of particles along the principal outgoing and ingoing null directions at the inner horizon to collision energies that would, if nothing intervened, typically exceed exponentially the Planck energy. The inflationary instability is fueled by ongoing accretion, and is occurring inevitably in essentially every black hole in our Universe. This extravagant machine, the Black Hole Particle Accelerator, has the hallmarks of a device to make baby universes. Since collisions are most numerous inside supermassive black holes, reproductive efficiency requires our Universe to make supermassive black holes efficiently, as is observed.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of foreign architecture on the 'NeoMughal' or 'Moorish' style of design seen in Malaysian mosques of the colonial period (1800-1930). The colonial period of Malaysian history is one of the best examples of the emergence and influence of various imported types of architecture, especially Islamic ones. The trend of 'Neo-Mughal' or 'Moorish' design is notable due to the different beliefs and attitudes regarding the influence of Moorish or Mughal architecture. This difference is already poignant even in its taxonomy, for instance, based on the classification of Dr. Ghafar Ahmad (1997) in 'British Colonial Architecture in Malaysia 1800-1930', this trend is regarded as being of Moorish influence while in the work of John Michael Gullick (1998), the style was regarded that of the 'British Raj', created from the combination of Mughal and Gothic styles. The significance of the research is to reveal the manner and contact of Islamic foreign styles on Malaysian buildings, particularly in this period, where the amount of influence from stranger styles was at its peak. The research methodology selected for this paper is historical interpretative using the case study approach. The first step in the research is studying different attitudes of the trend argument by reviewing secondary data. This will be followed by the selection of a suitable case study and comparative analysis between a case study of Malaysian mosques with samples of the Mughal and Moorish architecture. The findings of research show which Mughal and Moorish architecture influenced Malaysian mosques more and which of the attitudes of this argument is more accurate.


This paper presents implementation of a software tool for Arabic text stemming and classification. The software tool is based on open source implementation of the Lucene based Light stemmer for Arabic language and it enables stemming and classification into 12 categories (religion, economics, sports, science, computers, history, medicine, entertainment, engineering, literature, politics and food).


In this paper, we develop a class of accurate methods based on the Quintic spline exponential method at mid-nodes for numerical solutions of two-point boundary value problems of the fourth order. Using this exponential spline method, some consistency relations are derived for calculating approximate solutions to problems. Existing finite differentials of the second and fourth orders and spline functionbased methods developed in the mid-knots become special cases of this method. The convergence analysis of the proposed method is discussed. Three numerical examples illustrate the practical usefulness of our methodology


The role of spaceflight is evolving. Innovative systems insert an increasing number of assets into orbital slots for the private and public sectors. Private space transportation systems currently transport cargo to the international space station. Private operators will soon be transporting people as well. Despite these strides forward, space transportation is only now gaining traction as the sixth mode. The paper provides policy support for this position, frames the inquiry as to spaceflight's relationship to other modes of transportation, performs a plurality analysis and discusses the feasibility of applying some basic logistics research to help manage these intermodal relationships.


Objective: To study the character of lacunar infarction in elder patient and the value of CT and MRI for diagnosis of lacunar infarction. Methods : It was analysed in 500 elder patients with lacunar infarction that included risk factors, clinical character, mechanism, and the features of CT and MRI. Results : The primary risk factors for lacunar infarction are age, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipemia and arteriosclerosis. It could be increased the diagnostic rate with CT and MRI, of which the first examination is MRI. Conclusion : It is important to know exactly about lacunar infarction for increasing the life quality of elder people.


The sudden appearance of numerous diverse animals more than 500 million years ago, known as the Cambrian explosion, is one of the most significant events in the history of life. However, the tempo and duration of this evolutionary milestone remains vigorously debated. John Paterson et al. (pp. 4394– 4399) analyzed more than 100 anatomical traits of more than 100 species of trilobites, the most diverse and abundant Cambrian animals, spanning approximately 520–485 million years ago, to estimate the animals' evolutionary rates. Multiple statistical models revealed uniform evolutionary rates throughout the entire time interval. The results suggest that the Cambrian explosion ended much earlier than widely assumed; by around 520 million years ago, the evolutionary rates that presumably characterized the Cambrian explosion had already slowed to levels typical of the ensuing eon. The authors further estimated that all trilobites diverged from a common ancestor less than 540 million years ago, suggesting that trilobites did not have a prolonged history prior to their appearance in the fossil record. The latter finding suggests that modern animal groups first evolved, diversified, and completely reengineered the marine ecosystem, possibly in the brief span of 20 million years, according to the authors. — B.D.


Introduction The overall effect of pamidronate on bone mass density (BMD) in the early renal transplant period varies considerably among studies. The effects of pamidronate on graft function have not been determined. Materials and Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Embase independently by two authors. Randomized controlled trials of pamidronate evaluating bone loss in the first year of renal transplantation were included. Methods reported in the "Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 5.0.2" were used to evaluate changes of lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, and serum creatinine, calcium and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels. Fixed or random effect models were used as appropriate. Results Six randomized trials evaluating 281 patients were identified. One hundred forty-four were treated with pamidronate and 137 were control patients. Administration of pamidronate was associated with significant reduction of bone loss in the lumbar spine, compared to the control group (standardized mean difference (SMD)  = 24.62 [16.25, 32.99]). There was no difference between the pamidronate treated and control femoral neck BMD (SMD  = 3.53 [−1.84, 8.90]). A significant increase in the serum creatinine level of the intervention group was seen, compared to the control group. The serum calcium and iPTH of the pamidronate and control groups were not different after 1 year (serum creatinine: SMD  = −3.101 [−5.33, −0.89]; serum calcium: SMD  = 2.18 [−0.8, 5.16]; serum iPTH: SMD  = 0.06 [−0.19, 0.31]). Heterogeneity was low for serum calcium and iPTH and high for serum creatinine. Conclusions This meta-analysis demonstrated the beneficial clinical efficacy of pamidronate on BMD with no association with any alteration in graft function during the first year of renal transplantation. Significant heterogeneity precludes the conclusion of the relationship between serum creatinine and pamidronate.


Introduction: this article is the result of the research "Controllers in simulation of investigation not associated to an institutional project" developed in 2012 by the Pontifical Bolivarian University in Medellin, Colombia. It describes the development of a temperature control system in a scaled prototype of a small cavity; analyzes the control method in simulation and demonstrates how to implement the algorithm in a microcontroller DSPIC using state space representation and power control per stage. Methodology: a static and dynamic analysis of the system is performed and the procedure is described to locate the parameters of the model. Results: they are presented graphically, using data obtained both in the simulation as in the physical implementation of the prototype. In the data is observed the behavior of the control system when confronted with changing temperature references and disturbances. Each of the improvements made to the control system enhances the expected answer, so that it reaches a stable state in approximately 4 minutes, when using the controller PID and the open control loop. Conclusions: the second order model selected for the system's dynamic model has good precision and follows approximately the same form as the experimental dynamic curve. The controlled system takes about 4 minutes to reach a stable state when using the PID and the open control loop.


Different aspects are presented of curriculum planning for Biomedical Basis of Nursing. The focus is on showing why nursing diagnoses can be used to structure a curriculum for nursing teachers. Experiences, and results of an evaluation, with introducing a problem-oriented lecture that followed the principles mentioned above are described.


During a geo-sequestration process, CO2 injection causes an increase in reservoir pore pressure, which in turn decreases the reservoir net effective stress. Changes in effective stress can change all the reservoir and cap-rock properties including residual saturations. This article presents the results of an experimental work carried out to understand the potential change in the volumes of residually trapped CO2, while the porous medium tested underwent change in the net effective stress under in-situ reservoir conditions of pore pressure and temperature. The experimental results obtained show that an initial 1725 psi (11.9 MPa) decrease in the net effective pressure caused 1.4% reduction in the volumes of residually trapped CO2, while another 1500 psi (10.3 MPa) reduction caused a further 3.2% drop in the residual saturation of CO2.


. We propose an account of the subject's cognition that allows for a full articulation of the phenomenon of ideology. We argue that ideology operates at the level of the a priori: it transcendentally conditions the intelligibility of thought and practice. But we draw from strands of post-Kantian philosophy of science and social philosophy in repudiating Kant's view that the a priori is necessary and �xed. Instead, we argue, it is contingent, and therefore revisable. More precisely, it is conditioned materially: it must be understood as an activity, continuous with and shaped by material social practice. We conclude with some remarks about the possibility of agency over one's relativized, materially conditioned a priori; that is, over the possibility of critique.


Schema matching is at the basis of integrating structured and semistructured data, serving as a handy tool in multiple contemporary business and commerce applications. Being investigated in the fields of databases, AI, semantic Web and data mining for many years, the core challenge still remains the ability to create quality matchers, automatic tools for identifying correspondences among data concepts (e.g., database attributes). In this work, we offer a novel post processing step to schema matching that improves the final matching outcome without human intervention. We present a new mechanism, similarity matrix adjustment, to calibrate a matching result and propose an algorithm (dubbed ADnEV) that manipulates, using deep neural networks, similarity matrices, created by state-ofthe-art matchers. ADnEV learns two models that iteratively adjust and evaluate the original similarity matrix. We show conditions for dominance and convergence of ADnEV and demonstrate empirically the effectiveness of the proposed algorithmic solution for improving matching results, using real-world benchmark ontology and schema sets. ACM Reference Format: Roee Shraga, Avigdor Gal, and Haggai Roitman. 2019. Deep SMAnE Deep Similarity Matrix Adjustment and Evaluation to Improve Schema Matching. In Proceedings of ACM Conference (Conference'17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 11 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn


Objective To investigate the effect of LSD1 on the invasion and migration of human colon cancer cells.Methods MAO inhibitor and gene silence was used to observe the effect of LSD1 on the invasion and migration of human colon cancer Lovo cells by scratch test and Transwell test in vitro.The gene expression of LSD1 was analyzed by RT-PCR and globle histone methylation in Lovo cells was detected by Western blot.Results At concentrations of 40,60 and 80 μmol/L MAO inhibitor Tranylcypromine (TCP),have no effect on the cell growth of human colon cancer Lovo cells (P > 0.05).The scratch test showed that of TCP at 60 μmol/L effectively inhibited the migration of Lovo cells.The cell numbers of migration through the well were (69.7 ± 2.5) (60 μmol/L TCP group) and (222.7 ± 11.0) (control group) (P <0.05),while 60 μmol/L TCP didn't affect the expression of mRNA and protein level of LSD1 but increased the expression of H3K4me2 in Lovo cells.Conclusions MAO inhibitor TCP can inhibit the invasion and migration of human colon cancer Lovo cells at a concentration of 60 μmol/L.

Key words:
Colonic neoplasms; Cell migration assays; Tumor cells, cultured


W e solve for the expectation values ofchiraloperators in supersym m etric U (N ) gauge theorieswith m atterin theadjoint,fundam entaland anti-fundam entalrepresentations.A sim plegeom etricpictureem ergesinvolving a description by a m erom orphicone-form on a Riem ann surface.Theequationsofm otion areequivalentto a condition on theintegrality ofperiodsofthisform .The solution indicatesthatallsem iclassicalphaseswith the sam e num berofU (1)factorsare continuously connected.


The study was carried out to evaluate radioactive concentration in food crops grown in naturally high-background radiation areas in southwest India. Seventeen varieties of food crops were collected from different parts of Kanyakumari district. The gross alpha and beta activities of the collected samples were measured using alpha scintillation counter and low beta counter respectively. The alpha activity was maximum in tapioca (497 ± 72 Bq kg -1 ) and the beta activity was maximum in paddy grain (10,946 ± 583 Bq kg -1 ). The gamma activity of the food samples was studied by measuring the activity concentration of the radionuclides ( 226 Ra, 228 Th, 238 U and 40 K) in the food crops. The radioactivity content of the food crops from high-background radiation area was higher when compared to similar samples collected from low-background radiation area. The daily radionuclide intake from the food crops grown and consumed by the public was 127.696 Bq and daily internal dose resulting from ingestion of radionuclides in food was 2.34 μSv.


A new species of land planarian from Colombia, Gigantea maupoi sp. nov., is described herein. The penis papilla of the new species is provided with numerous accessory genital organs, or mgo. These mgo are of a unique morphology, consisting of a very strong barrel‐shaped circular muscle coat and an underlying longitudinal one, both derived from the subepithelial musculature of the penis papilla. The central mass of each mgo contains secretions and 8–15 canalicula that open to the male atrium on the central region of the organ. Differences in structures constituting the mgo and details of the muscular systems and of the reproductive organs among the 11 Gigantea species from literature and from type material of G. bistriata (Hyman, 1962), G. chiriquii (Hyman, 1962), and G. sandersoni (Prudhoe, 1949) reexamined here show that the genus is heterogeneous.


Making ticket price of urban rail transit are related to the interests of all sectors of the community.Reasonable price will promote development of the urban rail transport system.With its direct relation between the fare of urban rail transit and the passenger flow,the distributing rate of passenger flow of urban rail transit is decided by Logit model to increase passenger flow.Then,the multi-objective programming model of comprehensive aspects including customers, enterprises,government is established to find a solution of best ticket price.Finally the feasibility of these model and algorithm is verified by some examples.


A family of proteoglycans (PGs) originally known as "small proteoglycans" has recently been defined . The members of the family are decorin, biglycan, fibromodulin and lumican. All are indeed small for proteoglycans with core proteins of approximately 40kDa; they are made up of consecutive leucinerich repeats and carry only a few glycosaminoglycan chains. The best charcterized members of this group are decorin and biglycan. In vivo experiments indicate a role for small proteoglycans in adhesion, multiplication, differentiation and migration of cells and they have been shown to bind growth factors, various collagens and fibronectin. In this article, decorin will be used as the model for the small proteoglycans. Biosynthesis, function and regulation of gene expression will be examined. A. Introduction Proteoglycans are a structurally and functionally diverse class of macromolecules with their unifying characteristic being glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain substitution at serine or threonine residues. They are often additionally substituted with N-linked and/or O-linked oligosaccharide chains. They are quite variable in size and complexity with core proteins range in size from 11 to 350kDa substituted with chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, or heparan sulfate chains. PGs may be found intracellularly, at cell surfaces, or as components of extracellular matrices. Sequencing of cDNA clones for PG core proteins has begun to show evolutionary relationships between certain PG core proteins, showing that related "families" of PGs exist. The small PG decorin is a member of such a family, which presently includes three other members that have been named biglycan, fibromodulin and lumican (Fig. 1). Members of this PG family share sequence homology with nonPG gene products found in diverse species including the fruit fly and yeast. The sequence homology involves a leucine rich consensus repeat sequence thought to be involved in intermolecular binding in these other proteins, which include the prod要 旨 「小型のプロテオグリカン」と して知られてきたプロテオ グリカン群(PGs)が、一 つのファミリーを作っていることが最近 明らかになってきた。こ のファミリーはデコリン、バ イグリカ ン、フ ィブロモデュリン、ル ミカンによって構成されている。 これらはすべてコアタンパク質の大きさが約40kDaの、プ ロテ オグリカンとしては小 さなものであり、ロ イシンを多 く含んだ 繰 り返 し構造 と、ご く小数のグリコサミノグリカン鎖を持って いる。こ れらのうちで最 もよく調べられているのはデコリンと バイグリカンである。in vivoでの実験から、小 型のプロテオグ リカンが細胞の移動、分 化、増 殖、接 着に関与 していることが 示されており、ま た、こ れらのものが増殖因子やさまざまなコ ラーゲンやファイブロネクチンと結合することが明 らかにされ ている。本 総説では小型プロテオグリカンのモデルとしてデコ リンを例にとって、合 成、機 能および遺伝子発現の制御 につい て考察する。 A.は じめに プロテオグリカンとはグリコサミノグリカン(GAG)鎖 がセ リンまたはスレオニン残基に結合 している、構 造的にも機能的 にも多様な高分子物質の総称である。ま た、N-結 合型および/ もしくはO-結合型のオリゴ糖鎖もしばしば結合 していることが ある。プ ロテオグリカンはコアタンパク質が11か ら350kDa で、コ ンドロイチン硫酸、デ ルマタン硫酸、ケ ラタン硫酸また はヘパラン硫酸鎖を結合 しており、そ の大きさおよび複雑さに おいて極めて多様である。PGsは 細胞内や細胞表面、ま たは細 胞外マ トリックスの構成成分として存在している。PGの コアタ ンパク質のcDNAク ローンの塩基配列から、そ れらの間の類縁 関係が明らかにされ、PGsに「フ ァミリー」が 存在することが 分かってきた。小 型のPGで あるデコリンはそのようなファミ リーの一員であ り、現 在、そ の他のメンバーとしてバイグリカ ン、フ ィブロモデュリン、ル ミカンと名付けられた三つのもの がある(図1)。こ のPGフ ァミリーを構成する分子 は、シ ョウ ジョウバエや酵母を含むさまざまな種にみ られる、PGで はない 遺伝子産物と類似のアミノ酸配列を持っている。ロ イシンを多 く含んだコンセンサスな繰 り返 し配列を持つ、こ の類似 したア ミノ酸配列は、次 に示す ようないろいろなタンパク質において (c) 1993 FCCA (Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age) 13 Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Vol. 5 No. 21 (January 1993) pp. 13-22 uct of the Drosophila Toll gene (1), Drosophila chaoptin (2), yeast adenylate cyclase (3), human serum leucine-rich glycoprotein (4), and human von Willebrand factor-binding platelet membrane protein (5). The small PG decorin has been identified in most connective tissues such as, articular cartilage (6-8), fibrocartilage of temporomandibular joint disc (9) , bone (10, 11), tendon (1214), sclera (15, 16), blood vessels (17), skin (8, 18-21), cervix (22), human fetal membranes (23), periodontal ligament (19), gingiva and dental pulp (24) skeletal muscle (25), and kidney mesangial cells (60). The primary sequence of the decorin core protein (originally designated PG-40, DSPG-II, or Sm-2) has been obtained by analysis of cloned cDNA from human fibroblasts (26), and from bovine bone (27). The human decorin gene has more recently been localized to chromosome 12 (proximal short arm or long arm 12p12.1-gter)(28). The pattern of hybridization of decorin cDNA with genomic sequences suggested the presence of two copies of the decorin (DCN) gene. This finding is consistant with an earlier analysis of genomic blots hybridized to the cDNA for PG-40 (decorin) from human fibroblasts, which provided evidence for either two genes for decorin, or one decorin gene and a pseudogene or a gene for a related protein (26). 分 子 間結 合 に関与 す る と考 え られ て い る。例 え ば、シ ョウ ジ ョ ウ バ エ のToll遺 伝 子 の 産 物(1)、シ ョ ウ ジ ョ ウ バ エ の chaoptin(2)、酵 母 の ア デ ニ ル酸 シ ク ラ ー ゼ(3)、ヒ ト血 清 ロ イシ ン ー リ ッチ糖 タ ンパ ク質(4)、ヒ トvon Willebrand因 子 一結 合 血小 板 膜 タ ンパ ク質(5)な ど にみ られ る配 列 で あ る。 小 型PGで あ るデ コ リ ン は 関節 の軟 骨(6-8)、側 頭 下 顎骨 の 連 結 円板 の 線 維 軟 骨(9)、骨(10,11)、腱(12-14)、強 膜(15、16)、 血 管(17)、皮 膚(8、18-21)、子 宮 頸(22)、ヒ ト胎 児 膜(23)、歯 根 膜 靭帯(19)、歯 肉 お よび 歯 髄(24)、骨 格 筋(25)、そ して 腎臓 メ セ ン ギ ウ ム細 胞(60)な ど、多 くの結 合 組 織 中 にみ られ る。デ コ リ ン の コ ア タ ンパ ク質(か つ てPG-40、DSPG-II、Sm-2と して知 ら れ て い た)の 一 次 配 列 は ヒ ト線 維 芽 細 胞(26)と ウ シの 骨(27)で の cDNAの 解 析 か ら得 られ てい る。ヒ トの デ コ リ ンの 遺 伝 子 は第 12染 色 体(短 腕 近 位 部 も し くは 長腕12p12.1-qter)に 存 在 す る こ と が 最 近示 さ れて い る(28)。ゲ ノム 配列 に対 す る デ コ リ ンcDNAの ハ イ ブ リ ダ イゼ ー シ ョンの パ タ ー ンか ら、デ コ リ ン(DCN)遺 伝 子 の コ ピ ー が 二 つ 存 在 す る こ とが 示 唆 され て い る。こ の 知 見 は、ヒ ト線 維 芽細 胞 のPG-40(デ コ リ ン)のcDNAに 対 してハ イ ブ リ ダイ ズ させ た遺 伝 子 ブ ロ ッ トか ら、デ コ リン の遺 伝 子 が二 つ あ るか、デ コ リン の遺 伝 子 が 一 つ と偽 遺伝 子 ま た は類 縁 タ ンパ ク質 の 遺伝 子 が 一 つ存 在 す る とい う、以 前得 られ た結 果 と一 致


MOORE, Sarah A. The Excess of Modernity : Garbage politics in Oaxaca, Mexico in The Professional geographer, 2009, vol. 61, issue 4 This article examines the case of garbage strikes in Oaxaca, Mexico. Garbage is revealed here to be an effective political tool for people. DOI : 10.1080/00330120903143375


OBJECTIVE
The study aims to investigate the potential of using HUD (head-up display) as an approach for drivers to engage in non-driving-related tasks (NDRTs) during automated driving, and examine the impacts on driver state and take-over performance in comparison to the traditional mobile phone.

BACKGROUND
Advances in automated vehicle technology have the potential to relieve drivers from driving tasks so that they can engage in NDRTs freely. However, drivers will still need to take-over control under certain circumstances.

METHOD
A driving simulation experiment was conducted using an Advanced Driving Simulator and real-world driving videos. Forty-six participants completed three drives in three display conditions, respectively (HUD, mobile phone and baseline without NDRT). The HUD was integrated with the vehicle in displaying NDRTs while the mobile phone was not. Drivers' visual (e.g. gaze, blink) and physiological (e.g. ECG, EDA) data were collected to measure driver state. Two take-over reaction times (hand and foot) were used to measure take-over performance.

RESULTS
The HUD significantly shortened the take-over reaction times compared to the mobile phone condition. Compared to the baseline condition, drivers in the HUD condition also experienced lower cognitive workload and physiological arousal. Drivers' take-over reaction times were significantly correlated with their visual and electrodermal activities during automated driving prior to the take-over request.

CONCLUSION
HUDs can improve driver performance and lower workload when used as an NDRT interface.

APPLICATION
The study sheds light on a promising approach for drivers to engage in NDRTs in future AVs.


With the continued development of 5G mobile communications technology, the implementation of high-power communication systems has become a key indicator of developed nations. Communication modules are also trending toward wide bandwidth and high-capacity Multi-Input and Multi-Output systems. As the signal transmission speed and resolution continue with the increasing trend, the power used to operate these communications systems increase, causing extreme heat generation by transmit/receive modules (T/R module). In conditions where computation load increases in micro design systems, chips must operate in environments that are narrow, sealed, and have no convection, which can drastically increase the thermal load within a system. If no proper cooling system is utilized, the system fails or operates at impacted performance due to excessive temperatures. To solve the aforementioned problem, this study aimed to optimize the design of the cooling system in the T/R modules of communications systems by integrating heat pipes, cooling fans, cooling fins, and cooling chips within a limited space. We also proposed four types of cold plates based on the different directional clamp-in configuration methods of heat pipes within copper panels and utilized the finite element method to simulate and analyze the heat dissipation performance. The simulation results reveal that cold plates of types I and II can achieve a better heat dissipation performance. Finally, types I and II cold plates were selected for production and experimental verification. The results show that heat dissipation performances were similar to simulation results. The results also confirmed that type II cold plate has a better temperature uniformity and heat transfer efficiency. Thus, the cooling mechanism depicted in this study is viable in practical applications. The proposed mechanisms can also provide a reference for heat dissipation design patterns in different electronic module settings.


Magnetic properties are investigated for top- and bottom-type spin valves of Si/SiO/NiO(60nm)/Co(2.5nm)/Cu(1.95nm)/Co(4.5nm)/NOL(t nm; Nano Oxide layer). The MR ratios of the bottom-type spin valves with NOL are larger than those of the top-type spin valves. However, the enhancement of the former is lower than the latter. Both of spin-valves also showed almost constant Ap and smaller p. Enhanced MR ratios of spin valves with NOL result mainly from small values of with constant Ap which due to specular diffusive electron scattering at NOL(NiO)/metal interfaces.


In this penultimate chapter of the book, I will continue with my discussion of how we can take advantage these youth interests and practices with ICTs for enhancing learning and teaching by actually evolving ways to evaluate these communication and learning environments. As with most chapters in the book, I focus on a case study as a way to give an in-depth study to the subject matter. In this case, interactivity is the subject matter. Interactivity was discussed at length in the previous chapter, leading the creation of a new learning theory, the Conversational Learning Theory, and a new leaning model, the Conversational Learning Community. Rather than explaining the concept and the learning theory and model again in this chapter, I refer the reader back to


Teledermatology holds great potential for revolutionizing the delivery of dermatologic services with benefits to physicians and patients alike. The 1st World Congress on Teledermatology will bring together all colleagues interested in teledermatology to discuss recent technologies, clinical studies, patients' and investigators' viewpoints, cost-effectiveness, security and legal aspects as well as teleteaching. Updated information concerning the Congress will be presented on the conference website: http://www. teledermatology-society.org/worldcongress.


Sustained virologic response (SVR) is achieved in only 50% of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive patients undergoing pegylated interferon (peginterferon) and ribavirin therapy. Factors such as infection with genotype 1 HCV, high viral load, and obesity significantly reduce SVR rates. This industry-sponsored, randomized, double-blind pilot study evaluated the efficacy of higher doses of peginterferon and ribavirin compared with standard therapy in patients with genotype 1 HCV, high viral load (>800,000 IU/mL), and weight >85 …


Mn(II) complex with orthohydroxypropiophenoneisonicotinoylhydrazone has been synthesized. The structural features and other properties were deduced from the IR, Electronic, EPR spectra and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The Electronic spectrum exhibits various bands which were characteristic of Mn(II) in distorted octahedral site symmetry. The Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the complex have indexed to monoclinic system. The ligand and Mn(II) complex have been tested for in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Molecular docking experiments were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory activities of ligand and its Mn(II) complex against DNA. The results reveal that the Mn(II) complex shows more activity than the free ligand and the binding energy of docked ligand and Mn(II) complex were found to be -6.9 and -7.4Kcal mol−1, respectively. The more negative relative binding energy of Mn(II) complex suggests greater interaction with DNA than the ligand.


This paper investigates two methods for generalising land cover polygons that constitute a planar topographic map (i.e. based on a data structure without gaps or overlaps). The issue of generalizing land cover objects is one of the main remaining issues identified in an internal proof of concept generalisation pilot by the Dutch Kadaster. In this ongoing research project a fully automated generalisation workflow is being set up for deriving small scale maps from TOP10NL data taking current requirements and new technologies into account (Stoter et al, 2009; Smaalen en Stoter, 2008). In 2010 the generalisation of 1:50k map from TOP10NL was prototyped, and further worked out in a successful Proof of Concept (PoC) in 20011 (see Figure 1 and Stoter et al, 2011). These results are currently being further developed to other test areas and other scales (first at scale 1:100k).


The disadvantage of this method is the additional costs of using drilling machines and disposal of soil, which also leads to an increase in labor costs and a decrease in work productivity. It is necessary to place an additional set of drilling equipment, an excavator and vehicles for soil removal at the construction site. The authors proposed a technology, when the piles are driven into the leader wells to the depth of the frozen soil to solve this problem. The wells are arranged by means of a thermal vibrolider, installed on the head of a pile driver, on its adjacent face with a pile hammer and moved along it with the help of guides under the cable transmission action. Thermovibrolider is made in the form of a cylindrical hollow rod with a tip, where a vibrating submer is installed. A heating coil is installed in the tip, and there are ribs along its lateral surface, used for cutting soil and breaking its solidity, but also for transferring additional heat to it, which leads to intensification of thawing processes. The presented technological solution makes it possible to increase the efficiency and reliability of the driving piles process into such soil by eliminating of pile shafts destruction during their immersion through the frozen layer, as well as reducing the values of the piles deviations in the planned position.


A mouse monoclonal antibody, W14A, has been prepared which reacts with intact human chorionic gonadotropin and its beta‐subunit, showing less than 2% cross‐reactivity towards the alpha‐subunit and 0.5% cross‐reactivity towards the beta‐subunit of luteinizing hormone. The reagent is suitable for the radioimmunolocalization of choriocarcinoma and trophoblastic teratoma in humans. A preliminary radioimmunoassay has been developed.


The invention relates to an optical see-through display element and a display device using such element. The element comprises a transparent substrate (10) comprising two opposite faces, an in-coupling structure (12) for coupling light into the substrate, and a diffractive outcoupling grating structure (14, 16) arranged on the transparent substrate for displaying the incoupled light on the transparent substrate. According to the invention, the diffractive outcoupling structure (14, 16) comprises at least two multi-layer gratings superimposed on top of each other on at least one of said opposite faces of the substrate. In particular, multilayer gratings reducing diffraction of transmissive light can be used. The invention helps to increase the out-coupling efficiency of diffractive displaysand provides also technology to simultaneously maintain high image quality and transparency.


An impaired healing response underlies diabetic foot wound chronicity, frequently translating to amputation, disability, and mortality. Diabetics suffer from underappreciated episodes of post-epithelization ulcer recurrence. Recurrence epidemiological data are alarmingly high, so the ulcer is considered in "remission" and not healed from the time it remains epithelialized. Recurrence may result from the combined effects of behavioral and endogenous biological factors. Although the damaging role of behavioral, clinical predisposing factors is undebatable, it still remains elusive in the identification of endogenous biological culprits that may prime the residual scar tissue for recurrence. Furthermore, the event of ulcer recurrence still waits for the identification of a molecular predictor. We propose that ulcer recurrence is deeply impinged by chronic hyperglycemia and its downstream biological effectors, which originate epigenetic drivers that enforce abnormal pathologic phenotypes to dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes as memory cells. Hyperglycemia-derived cytotoxic reactants accumulate and modify dermal proteins, reduce scar tissue mechanical tolerance, and disrupt fibroblast-secretory activity. Accordingly, the combination of epigenetic and local and systemic cytotoxic signalers induce the onset of "at-risk phenotypes" such as premature skin cell aging, dysmetabolism, inflammatory, pro-degradative, and oxidative programs that may ultimately converge to scar cell demise. Post-epithelialization recurrence rate data are missing in clinical studies of reputed ulcer healing therapies during follow-up periods. Intra-ulcer infiltration of epidermal growth factor exhibits the most consistent remission data with the lowest recurrences during 12-month follow-up. Recurrence data should be regarded as a valuable clinical endpoint during the investigational period for each emergent healing candidate.


Abstract We compared the reproductive biology, dispersal, and subadult survival of bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) from nest sites in suburban and rural landscapes in west-central Florida, USA, from 1997 to 2001. We documented the reproductive outcome of randomly selected suburban (n = 60) and rural (n = 60) bald eagle nest attempts. We also used satellite tracking packages on randomly selected rural (n = 35) and suburban (n = 35) bald eagle fledglings. Nest-site occupancy varied among years (range = 75.0–100.0%), but averaged 90% for nests in both land-use categories. The overall mean nesting start date was similar for both groups (suburban = 11 Dec, rural = 13 Dec). Bald eagles occupying nest sites in both land-use categories raised an average of 1.3 young to 8 weeks-of-age, and pairs that fledged ≥1 young raised an average of 1.7 young to 8 weeks-of-age. Most bald eagle fledglings from our study area migrated northward, some as far as Newfoundland, Canada. The core summering area was the Chesapeake Bay and the coastal plain of North Carolina, USA. Successful fledglings started northward migration earlier on average at rural than at suburban nest sites (124 vs. 132 days-of-age). Survival of both groups was similar until dispersal (approx 91%); however, during the first northward migration, mortality of suburban fledglings increased disproportionately. One year after fledging, survival of rural fledglings was 89% compared to 65–72% for suburban fledglings. Survival of the 2 groups was similar (84–90%) thereafter. Suburban bald eagles died more often from anthropogenic factors (primarily electrocution and vehicle collision) than rural bald eagles, though most of these deaths occurred in rural areas after dispersal from natal areas. We suggest that suburban bald eagle fledglings were more acclimated to dangerous anthropogenic landscape features than rural eagles, and as such did not regard them with the same degree of caution. Despite the difference in first-year mortality, population models suggest that both groups are experiencing positive population growth rates.


Background: Primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor is an extremely rare and highly malignant tumors occuring in children and young adult. They are more common in men. The most common symptoms on ptesentation were dyspnea, chest pain, cought, fever, night sweat, or weight loss. Primary mediastinal tumor are considered to have poor prognosis. Case: A 18- year-old man who presented with shorthness of breath, chest pain, fever, night sweat, and generalized weakness. He had no significant surgical, familiy or social history. The chest X-Ray and computed tomographic scan of the chest showed a large anterior mediasti nal mass. The serum level of alpha- fetoprotein and β-HCG was elevated. The histological examination revealed the finding of yolk sac tumor. This supported the diagnosis of yolk sac tumor. The patient received a combination chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, etoposide and bleomycin every 3 weeks for total of 4 cycles. Conclusions: Primary mediastinal yolk sac tumor is a rare tumor. The diagnosis should be made not only by morphological studies but the also the patients age and the elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein. In spite of modern chemotherapy, the prognosis of mediastinal yolk sac tumor remains poor.


Games and interactive works have existed for decades but only recently have been viewed in an artistic context. I will describe the unique properties of this new medium which make such a shift inev...


In this paper a spatially-adaptive, edge-directed approach for video deinterlacing is proposed. The algorithm first checks for edge existence within the region around the pixel to be interpolated and adapts the deinterlacing method following the contour direction. This adaptive system keeps the edges sharp and provides good quality deinterlaced video sequences. Experiments demonstrate better deinterlaced output as compared to other standard implementations.


We congratulate Freundt et al. for the successful results of the minimised extracorporeal circulation (MECC) used in elderly patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery.1 This study reveals significant differences, especially in extracorporeal circulation time, cross-clamp time and reperfusion time, when MECC and conventional extracorporeal circulation are compared. It is also stated that these parameters are determined especially on 30-day mortality. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which is seen with extracorporeal circulation, is one of the most important parameters that influences postoperative results in coronary bypass surgery.2–4 On this point, extracorporeal circulation should be handled separately because, as Wan et al. mentioned in their study, extracorporeal circulation triggers the systemic inflammatory response regardless of myocardial ischemia and aortic cross-clamp time.3 In this context, in light of the study of Freundt et al., can we claim that the lesser systemic inflammatory response is the reason for the better results of MECC compared to the conventional procedure? We think that opinions from the authors will add value to their study.


We investigate the phase structure and conductivity of a relativistic fluid in a circulating electric field with a transverse magnetic field. This system exhibits behavior similar to other driven systems such as strongly coupled driven CFTs [Rangamani2015] or a simple anharmonic oscillator. We identify distinct regions of fluid behavior as a function of driving frequency, and argue that a "phase" transition will occur. Such a transition could be measurable in graphene, and may be characterized by sudden discontinuous increase in the Hall conductivity. The presence of the discontinuity depends on how the boundary is approached as the frequency or amplitude is dialed. In the region where two solution exists the measured conductivity will depend on how the system is prepared.


Circular economy (CE) means efficient resource use. It is a matter of better available resource management. Understanding the characteristics, potential, use advantages and disadvantages, and management systems, in each context, is the basis to construct a feasible CE framework to deal with climate change and economic scarcity challenges. Urban stormwater has potential importance in CE when addressed as a useful resource rather than as waste. Its use can replace part of the water supply (reduce principle), brought from distant sources using energy-consuming and emission-producing systems. Thus, it can be a source of energy savings and emission reduction since stormwater can be used and stored near the place where rainwater falls or infiltrates to supply groundwater (reuse principle). Urban agriculture can also gain benefits by using, e.g., green infrastructures (GIs) (recycling principle). The main gap still lies in the implementation of the efficiency mentality, reducing expenses and consequently improving revenues, profits, and environment issues, such as emissions. It is a big paradigm shift. The creation of policies, institutions, and regulations aligned with each other, together with urban planning and water cycle efficiency, from a CE perspective is fundamental. Urban stormwater as a CE component is a moving paradigm shift based on a change in mindset.


Metabolic pathways for phenylaceticacid (PA) and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA) from Pseudomonas putida CSV86 were elucidated. PA grown strain CSV86 cells showed higher oxygen-uptake on PA as compared to hydroxyphenylacetic acids. Detection of phenylacetyl-CoA ligase and absence of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid hydroxylase (4HPAH) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid-dioxygenase (3,4-DHPADO) activity supports this observation. 4-HPA grown cells showed oxygen-uptake on 4-HPA and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (3,4-DHPA) but showed significantly lower respiration rates on 2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and PA. Detection of 4HPAH and 3,4-DHPADO activities support the respiration data. Metabolic studies indicate that strain CSV86 metabolizes PA via phenylacetyl-CoA while 4-HPA via 3,4-DHPA pathway. Glucose grown cells showed lower activity of enzymes and respiration on PA, 4-HPA and 3,4-DHPA, suggesting that pathways are inducible. When grown on double carbon sources such as PA or 4-HPA plus glucose, CSV86 cells showed diauxic growth pattern with oxygen uptake on PA, 4-HPA and 3,4-DHPA in the first log-phase which was reduced during the second log-phase with increase in the respiration rate on glucose. This observation was supported by detection of high 4HPAH and 3,4-DHPADO activity in the first log-phase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in the second log-phase. These results suggest that strain CSV86 utilizes PA and 4-HPA preferentially over glucose.


In this investigation the formation of centerline segregation and shrinkage holes in the final stages of solidification during the continuous casting process of slabs is described. Therefore experimental and theoretical investigations of the melt behavior during the solidification are carried out. Based on these results, a model is presented to explain the formation of V‐shaped segregation and core porosities caused by the restricted flow of melt through the mushy zone in slabs. The theoretical explanation is manifested by various observation, calculations and analyses by electron microprobe mappings. The main results are that V‐segregation forms in quasi periodical frequency in longitudinal direction within continuous cast slabs. The areas of formation seem to be independent, like little billets lying side by side in one slab. Consequential a three dimensional model about the behavior of the liquid melt in the final stages of solidification is designed.


Inertial and Doppler velocity log sensors are commonly used to provide the navigation solution for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV). To this end, a nonlinear filter is adopted for the fusion task. The filter's process noise covariance matrix is critical for filter accuracy and robustness. While this matrix varies over time during the AUV mission, the filter assumes a constant matrix. Several models and learning approaches in the literature suggest tuning the process noise covariance during operation. In this work, we propose ProNet, a hybrid, adaptive process, noise estimation approach for a velocity-aided navigation filter. ProNet requires only the inertial sensor reading to regress the process noise covariance. Once learned, it is fed into the model-based navigation filter, resulting in a hybrid filter. Simulation results show the benefits of our approach compared to other models and learning adaptive approaches.


This paper introduces GLS Miner, a novel method for discovering process models from event logs using guided local search. It is shown that GLS Miner can discover process models that correctly map to the event log. GLS Miner works with business processes represented as graphs, and the final discovered process is represented as a BPMN diagram.


To facilitate the future inclusion of aerosol-radiation interactions in the regional operational Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) system – RMAPS-ST (adapted from Weather Research and Forecasting, WRF) at Institute of Urban Meteorology (IUM), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), the impacts of aerosol-radiation interactions on the forecast of surface radiation and meteorological parameters during a heavy pollution event (December 6th -10th, 2015) over northern China were investigated. The aerosol information was simulated by RMAPS-Chem (adapted from WRF model coupled with Chemistry, WRF-Chem) and then offline-coupled into Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for General Circulation Models (RRTMG) radiation scheme of WRF to enable the aerosol-radiation feedback in the forecast. To ensure the accuracy of high-frequent (hourly) updated aerosol optical depth (AOD) field, the temporal variations of simulated AOD at 550nm were evaluated against satellite and in-situ observation, which showed great consistency. Further comparison of PM2.5 with in-situ observation showed WRF-Chem reasonably captured the PM2.5 field in terms of spatial distribution and magnitude, with the correlation coefficients of 0.85, 0.89 and 0.76 at Beijing, Shijiazhuang and Tianjin, respectively. Forecasts with/without the hourly aerosol information were conducted further, and the differences of surface radiation, energy budget, and meteorological parameters were evaluated against surface and sounding observations. The offline-coupling simulation (with aerosol-radiation interaction active) showed a remarkable decrease of downward shortwave (SW) radiation reaching surface, thus helps to reduce the overestimated SW radiation during daytime. The simulated surface radiation budget has also been improved, with the biases of net surface radiation decreased by 85.3%, 50.0%, 35.4%, and 44.1% during daytime at Beijing, Tianjin, Taiyuan and Jinan respectively, accompanied by the reduction of sensible (16.1 W m−2, 18.5%) and latent (6.8 W m−2, 13.4%) heat fluxes emitted by the surface at noon-time. In addition, the cooling of 2-m temperature (~0.40 °C) and the decrease of horizontal wind speed near surface (~0.08 m s-1) caused by aerosol-radiation interaction over northern China helped to reduce the bias by ~73.9% and ~7.8% respectively, particularly during daytime. Further comparison indicated that the simulation implemented AOD could better capture the vertical structure of atmospheric wind. Accompanied with the lower planetary boundary layer and the increased atmospheric stability, both U and V wind at 850hPa showed the convergence which were unfavorable for pollutants dispersion. Since RMPAS-ST provides meteorological initial condition for RMPS-Chem, the changes of meteorology introduced by aerosol-radiation interaction would routinely impact the simulations of pollutants. These results demonstrated the profound influence of aerosol-radiation interactions on the improvement of predictive accuracy and the potential prospects to offline couple near-real-time aerosol information in regional RMAPS-ST NWP in northern China.


If neoliberal state spatial restructuring and governmentalized remappings of state space (to form new state spaces) are indicative of how city-regionalism is being seen as part of the state's spatial strategy to maintain its legitimacy for managing and regulating the post-Fordist growth dynamic in recent times, this paper begins by positing an alternative vision for city-regionalism which entertains the possibility for the emergence of new non-state spaces. Notwithstanding the fact that each geopolitical project is specific to the national context within which it is located, this paper focuses on the emergence of city-regionalism in England. England is a vivacious setting within which to pursue city-region research owing to the smorgasbord of initiatives, policies, strategies and institutional frameworks which have been summoned up by policy elites over the past ten years to operate across a, variously defined, city-regional scale. Nonetheless, the result has been nothing more than a patchwork quilt of assorted, weak, and often contradictory and overlapping initiatives that have failed to live up to expectation. Launched in 2008, the Atlantic Gateway Strategy is a radical alternative to the prevailing orthodoxy of neoliberal state spatial restructuring and governmentalized remappings of state space which have characterises city-regionalism as a geopolitical project. The brainchild of Peel Holdings, a private investment company, the AGS is backed by the promise of a £50bn investment and aims to establish Liverpool-Manchester as a globally competitive urban area. In an era of state under-provision – certainly relative to the investment in infrastructure and state subsidy which characterised the Fordist-Keynesian State – characterised by the state's continued failings in managing uneven development and rebalancing national economies, the scope, calls and popularity for private investment companies to invest in major urban regions could be said to be opening the door to more like-minded initiatives in the future. Posited here as opening up the possibility for new non-state spaces, what this paper reveals is that despite having the hallmarks of what might amount to the next stage of city-regionalism as a geo-political project of late capitalism, the state continues to enact a key role in orchestrating new spatial strategies (even those constructed beyond the state) and, by implication, the accumulation process. Connecting the story of the AGS to broader debates around how best to theorize capital-state-space relations, the paper concludes by suggesting the key question arising from is for how long the state will be able to maintain this degree of control in an era where state under-provision in investment for urban economic infrastructure behoves institutions of the state to become increasingly reliant on private investment groups to deliver jobs, growth and regeneration in the future.


Currently, there is a problem of detecting and identifying viruses in cereal crops, in particular, the Brome mosaic virus (BMV). In the course of this work, route surveys of fields in the Rostov region were carried out and samples were taken for further laboratory studies. As a result of RT-PCR, a positive result was obtained, however, it was not possible to confirm the presence of the Brome mosaic virus in the studied plants.


Purpose – This paper proposes investigating the JISC 5/99 Programme and the developing Information Environment.Design/methodology/approach – The paper reports on the experience of undertaking a three‐year formative evaluation of the JISC 5/99 Programme and the developing Information Environment, reflects on the methodologies which were chosen and considers the ways in which the evaluation team engaged with projects and other stakeholders.Findings – The paper finds that an emphasis on outcomes and impacts helped the Programme to focus its activities. The paper includes reflective conclusions concerning the experiences of students, tutors and others involved in using networked information services in support of learning.Originality/value – The paper is useful to those wishing to make use of the Information Environment.


A method of separating hafnium and zirconium from a material by ion exchange is described. The material is dissolved in 0.1 to 4M H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ and passed on to the resin after it is charged with the bisulfate anion HSO/sub 4/ . The resin is then developed by displacement using a sulfuric solution of a zirconium salt and the hafnium thus displaced is recovered. The resin, freed of its hafnium, is regenerated by elution with sulfuric acid. At least a part of the zirconium free of hafnium is obtained in the eluant. Examples of the use of the method are given. (M.C.G.)


(57) Abstract: at least one side by a conductivity is conductive walls are 隔成, the conductive wall, a current in the wall when electromagnetic energy is supplied from the outside to the inside of the plasma chamber path has at least one window to block (100), a plasma chamber (1), to generate a plasma in the plasma chamber, an external supplying the electromagnetic energy into the plasma chamber through the conductive wall an electromagnetic means (10), and sealing means for sealing the window, the plasma processing apparatus includes. The apparatus said sealing means comprises at least one electrically conductive certain cover is electrically insulated from the conductive wall, characterized.


PURPOSE: A power controlling method for an IHR(Instant Heating Roller) and a device thereof are provided to supply stable power to the IHR, regardless of a level or a frequency of a source voltage applied from an external, and to allow the IHR to reach a fixed target temperature rapidly while minimizing the generation of overshoot. CONSTITUTION: Whether a level of a source voltage supplied from an external is a first predetermined level or a second predetermined level larger than the first level is decided(10). If the source voltage level is the first level, the source voltage is supplied to a heating resistor as a roller voltage at a second predetermined time interval, until the temperature of the heating resistor measured at a first predetermined time interval reaches a predetermined fixed target temperature(12). If the source voltage level is the second level, the source voltage is supplied to the heating resistor as the roller voltage only during a third predetermined time interval every half cycle of the source voltage, until the temperature of the heating resistor measured at the first predetermined time interval reaches the predetermined fixed target temperature(14). And as the temperature of the heating resistor approaches the predetermined fixed target temperature, the step 12 increases the second predetermined time and the step 14 reduces the third predetermined time, wherein the first predetermined time is over the second predetermined time.


We use driven Monte Carlo dynamics to study the resistive behavior of superconducting Josephson junction arrays on a honeycomb lattice in a magnetic field corresponding to $f$ flux quantum per plaquette. While for $f=1/3$ the onset of zero resistance is found at nonzero temperature, for $f=1/2$ the results are consistent with a transition scenario where the critical temperature vanishes and the linear resistivity shows thermally activated behavior. We determine the thermal critical exponent of the zero-temperature transition for $f=1/2$, from a dynamic scaling analysis of the nonlinear resistivity. The resistive behavior agrees with recent results obtained for the phase-coherence transition from correlation length calculations and with experimental observations on ultra-thin superconducting films with a triangular pattern of nanoholes.


Several correlations from the professional literature describing the shear and cross tension strength (STS and CTS) of resistance spot welded (RSWed) thin steel sheets were investigated. Some of them need chemical composition or weld nuggets strength hardness as input parameters, making them hardly applicable in the planning stage of the joints. Using STS and CTS data collected from over 250 papers, selected correlations were tested, whether they are applicable to predict the STS and CTS of the RSWed joints at the planning stage to help designers plan their static-loaded welds strength. Most correlations had limitations in the applicable base materials' tensile strength range. Therefore, new equations for STS and CTS are proposed, which can be used to plan in the 300–18900 MPa base metals tensile strength range for similar and dissimilar RSWed joints of thin steel sheets.


Multicultural education (MCE) since its conceptualization more than 40 years ago, arguably based on the work by Woodson (1933), has become nationally and internationally recognized as a significant field of research, a framework for education and social practice, and a way to push back on systems of oppression (Collins, 1993). The initial vision of multicultural education was created and carried out by several scholars, who are now members of the National Association for Multicultural Education (NAME). Scholars, many associated with NAME, have had a significant impact on educational thought and practice in the United States for the past four decades. They contributed to the discourses against racist, sexist, classist, homophobic, and ableist approaches in schools and society. That said, in this second decade of the 21st century, the world, including the United States,


This study was designed to evaluate the serum levels of creatinine, urea and activities of Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), Creatine kinase (CK) and Lactate dehydydrogenase (LDH) among cigarette smokers in Ekpoma, Edo State. This study employed a total of 80 subjects consisting of 50 cigarette smokers and 30 non cigarette smokers which served as the control. All laboratory analysis was carried out using Randox kit assay system. Creatinine values among cigarette smokers (0.81 ± 0.11mg/dl) were significantly higher (P<0.05) when compared with the control (0.73 ± 0.10 mg/dl). Similarly, serum urea levels among cigarette smokers (20.60 ± 1.58mg/dl) were also found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) than the control (17.82 ± 0.49 mg/dl). Comparatively, activities of both ALP (23.80 ± 2.70U/L) and GGT (32.43 ± 2.46U/L) in cigarette smokers were significantly higher (P<0.05) when compared with their respective controls (19.54 ± 1.30 U/L and 23.50 ± 1.60U/L). It was also observed in this study that the levels of these parameters were significantly higher as age increases. Also, activities of CK was significantly higher (p<0.05) among cigarette smokers (173.03±47.31 U/L) when compared with the control (149.10±59.98 U/L). The activities of LDH were significantly higher among cigarette smokers (337.55 ± 119.11 U/L) when compared with the control (302.62 ± 93.80 U/L). Similarly there was a significant alteration when ALP, GGT, CK, LDH, creatinine, Urea were compared with exposure to cigarette smoking. Therefore, this study showed that the serum biochemical parameters investigated were significantly affected by smoking.


Switching ARMA models greatly enhance the standard linear models to the extent that different ARMA model is allowed in a different regime, and the regime switching is typically assumed a Markov chain on the finite states of potential regimes. Although statistical issues have been the subject of many recent papers, there is few systematic study of the probabilistic aspects of this new class of nonlinear models. This paper discusses some basic issues concerning this class of models including strict stationarity, influence of initial conditions, and second-order property by studying SVAR models. A number of examples are given to illustrate the theory and the variety of applications. Extensions to other models such as mean-shifting, and inhomogeneous transition probabilities are discussed.


The paper presents a compact model of the batteries dedicated to the SPICE software. The developed model describes charging and discharging characteristics. This model takes into account the influence of temperature on the battery characteristics. The form of the model is described and the results of experimental verification of this model for selected types of acid and alkaline batteries are shown. Charging and discharging characteristics of the tested batteries are analysed. A good agreement of the results of calculations and measurements was obtained for all the tested batteries. It is shown that an increase in temperature causes a decrease in the voltage on the charged battery. However, a drop in temperature causes the battery to discharge faster at the fixed load current.


The aim of this study is to examine the financial condition of the institution, a nonprofit. It is an institution operating in the Polish Republic. In this article were calculated ratios, with the task of imaging solvency, liquidity and flexibility. All together are combined in a 'Financial Health Index'. The test period is 2005-2010.