An image sensor is disclosed which comprises a plurality of photodiodes and device isolation regions. The photodiodes are arranged along the surface of a semiconductor substrate, and each photodiode has a first region of a first conductivity type formed along the semiconductor substrate, a second region of a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type which second region is formed on the first region, and a signal extraction region of the second conductivity type formed on the second region. The device isolation regions are so formed as to electrically separate the second regions of adjacent photodiodes, and each device isolation region comprises a first trench formed between the second regions of the adjacent photodiodes and an oxide film which is formed on the first trench in the vicinity of the surfaces of the second regions. The oxide film is wider than the first trench.


The indium selenium (InSe) bilayer thin films of various thickness ratios, InxSe(1-x) (x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75), were deposited on a glass substrate keeping overall the same thickness of 2500 Ǻ using thermal evaporation method under high vacuum atmosphere. Electrical, optical, and structural properties of these bilayer thin films have been compared before and after thermal annealing at different temperatures. The structural and morphological characterization was done using XRD and SEM, respectively. The optical bandgap of these thin films has been calculated by Tauc's relation that varies within the range of 1.99 to 2.05 eV. A simple low-cost thermoelectrical power measurement setup is designed which can measure the Seebeck coefficient "S" in the vacuum with temperature variation. The setup temperature variation is up to 70°C. This setup contains a Peltier device TEC1-12715 which is kept between two copper plates that act as a reference metal. Also, in the present work, the thermoelectric power of indium selenide (InSe) and aluminum selenide (AlSe) bilayer thin films prepared and annealed in the same way is calculated. The thermoelectric power has been measured by estimating the Seebeck coefficient for InSe and AlSe bilayer thin films. It was observed that the Seebeck coefficient is negative for InSe and AlSe thin films.


The subject of the study is a verification of selected discriminatory models in assessing the bankruptcy risk of corporate bond issuers. This article discusses the essence of corporate bankruptcy and characterises a selected discriminatory models. Further more an empirical studies were carried out on a group of 5 companies representing corporate bond issuers listed on the Catalyst Bond Market. The analyze led to the conclusion that the B. Prusak's model was the most effective in identifying the bankruptcy risk of the corporate bond issuer.


Applying methods in natural language processing on electronic health records (EHR) data has attracted rising interests. Existing corpus and annotation focus on modeling textual features and relation prediction. However, there are a paucity of annotated corpus built to model clinical diagnostic thinking, a processing involving text understanding, domain knowledge abstraction and reasoning. In this work, we introduce a hierarchical annotation schema with three stages to address clinical text understanding, clinical reasoning and summarization. We create an annotated corpus based on a large collection of publicly available daily progress notes, a type of EHR that is time-sensitive, problem-oriented, and well-documented by the format of Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Plan (SOAP). We also define a new suite of tasks, Progress Note Understanding, with three tasks utilizing the three annotation stages. This new suite aims at training and evaluating future NLP models for clinical text understanding, clinical knowledge representation, inference and summarization.


The most conspicuous feature of this shape of literature lies in its self-exposure inclination,through which a writer's values and ideology,feelings and emotions,his private life in detail,even his psychology and activity involving with the opposite sex included,may be very well disclosed.While proclaiming their private desires and lusts and exposing their oppressed worry and agony about pursuing "delicious food and charming beauty",the core of those writers' works,undoubtedly,shows the clear target of anti-feudalism.The direction of their criticism lies in two: the merciless self-review of their soul and spirit on the one hand and the harsh torture to the society and the country on the other.


Is your current research mainly curiosity driven or rather applied? My research is driven by curiosity, and the search for something new and exciting. However, there is always an aspect of trying to solve a real problem. Seeing the route towards application of novel findings in materials chemistry provides an increased motivation. Heterogeneous catalysis research takes the fundamental structure-function relationships and applies it to produce better materials : increased efficiency, lower toxicity, decreased environmental impact are all motivating factors in achieving higher sustainability.


At least five species of Tupinambis lizards (Sauna: Teiidae) occur in South America east of the Andes. In Argentina and Paraguay, two species of Tupinambis have been of commercially exploited for the leather trade since the 1970s. Current quotas total 1.35 million skins/yr. Despite tbjs large and sustained harvest, few studies have examined genetic or morphological variation in these lizards. We sequenced parts of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (300bp) and ND4 (375bp) genes and examined tbjs variation in light of morphological characters traditionally used to identify these species. DNA sequences provided a preliminary view of intraspecific and interspecific variation and were used to explore evolutionary relatiouships among 17 individuals representing 7: menanae, 7: rufescens, and 7: duseni from Paraguay, and 7: longilineus and 7: teguixin from Roraima, Brazil, and Cuyabeno, Ecuador. Kentropyx viridistriga, Ameiva ameiva, and Cnemidophorus ocellifer were included as outgroups. Maxjmum-parsimony and neighbor-joining analyses revealed two distinctive groups within Tupinambil; a northern South American and Amazonian clade (7: teguixin, 7: longilineus) and a clade (7: duseni, 7: rufescens, and 7: menanae) that is distributed primarily south of Amazonia. Although genetically similar and previously cousidered synonymous with 7: rufescens, 7: duseni is morphologically distinct based on squamation, coloration, and morphometrics. This incongruence between the molecular data and morphology suggests that 7: duseni and 7: rufescens may have undergone extensive and recent morphological evolution or there has been introgression of mitochondrial DNA between these species. Sequence divergence between 7: teguixin from Brazil and Ecuador was similar to that found between 7: rufescens and 7: merianae and may indicate these 7: teguixin populations are not conspecific. The 7: teguixin clade was sister to 7: longilineus. These findings, combined with the largescale commercial exploitation of the genus, suggest an urgent need to address geographic variation and the systematics of species of Tupinambis.


Includes descriptive metadata provided by producer in MP3 file: "An innovative program for special education students started 10 years ago by the Vanderbilt Kennedy Center and Nashville Metro Public Schools has now gone nationwide through the publication of a new book, 'Success for All Students: Promoting Inclusion in Secondary Schools through Peer Buddy Programs.'" The book's author, Carolyn Hughes, is interviewed.


In this paper, we introduce a new iteration method based on the hybrid method in mathematical programming and the descent-like method for finding a common element of the solution set for a variational inequality and the set of common fixed points of a nonexpansive semigroup in Hilbert spaces. We obtain a strong convergence for the sequence generated by our method in Hilbert spaces. The result in this paper modifies and improves some well-known results in the literature for a more general problem.


Most people's choices, including economic ones, are largely based on normative-affective considerations, not only with regard to the selection of goals but also of means. However, although emotions are inherent in human behavior, and they are also relevant when dealing with the decision-making processes, the relationship between norms and emotions has hardly been considered in the multiagent field, and most normative multi-agent systems do not take


The COMPASS experiment at the CERN SPS took data with a polarised muon beam scattering off a polarised NH3 target in 2007 and 2011 and scattering off a LiD target in 2002-2004 and 2006. The 2006 measurement increased the statistics from the 2002-2004 data taking by about 50%. For the measurement in 2011 the beam energy was increased from 160 GeV to 200 GeV, thus higher values of Q and lower values of x were reached. The new results from the 2011 and 2006 data taking on the longitudinal double spin asymmetry A 1 and on the spin-dependent structure function g 1 are presented and compared to the previous results. Using the combined deuteron data set, the first moment of g 1 is calculated. From its first moment, the quark contribution to the nucleon spin is calculated. This quantity is also obtained from a NLO QCD fit to the world data including our data. The final deuteron results together with the two measurements on the proton are used to update the results on the Bjorken sum rule connecting the first moment of the non-singlet structure function to the ratio of the weak coupling constants. The recent results on the spin structure function g 1 and g d 1 constitute the COMPASS legacy on the measurements of g1 through inclusive spin-dependent deep inelastic scattering.


The application of pig slurry (PS) to soil is known to change its chemical and physical properties. However, little is known about the alterations that PS causes in pore morphology and water erosion. This research evaluated the influence of PS on the morphology of the pores in the surface layer of the soil and on water erosion in an Inceptisol subjected to simulated rainfall. The soil was cultivated with black oats and the treatments (doses) 0, 50, 100 and 200 m3 ha-1 of PS were applied to the crop residue. The experimental design was completely randomized. Six simulated rainfall lasting 60 minutes and planned constant intensity of 65 mm h-1 were applied to the treatments. Undisturbed soil samples were collected in the 0-0.05 m layer, 24 h before and 24 h after the first, third and sixth rainfall events. Image analysis was performed, determining the percentage of macropores and mesopores, number, diameter and shape of the pores, using the micro morphometry technique. PS doses of 100 and 200 m3 ha-1, combined with simulated rainfall, favored surface sealing and pore rearrangement. There was an increase in the number of small and rounded pores, without interconnection between them, with a consequent increase in water erosion until the moment of stabilization of the superficial crust.
Keywords: micro morphometry, organic fertilizer, porometry.


Home gardens are an important topic for landscape research due to their intersectional contributions to plant diversity conservation and local livelihoods. As sites of ecological restoration, gardens transform small-scale landscapes toward higher plant richness and density. We examine "gardenscapes" on St. Eustatius, a small Caribbean island, focusing on how plants growing around a home contribute to ecological and ethnobotanical measures of plant diversity, and how residents value the importance of gardens to their livelihoods. Through a survey of 14 gardenscapes and 11 home interviews, we report 277 plant species, including 31% native and 69% non-native, high plant densities and structural evenness, 260 plants with uses, and a total of 363 uses, especially as ornamental plants (184) and for other environmental services (16), but also food (101), health remedies (50), material uses (10) and symbolic services (2). Participants indicated that home gardening could be difficult due to drought and pests, but provided resources and incomes to livelihoods, especially through the production of food products. Several respondents reported that gardening was a declining activity on St. Eustatius, but this study shows how gardening activities offer a biocultural approach to conservation that supports plant diversity and livelihoods across the island's highly-modified natural landscape.


Based on the analysis of features and reasoning course of LMBP(Levenberg-Marquardt) algorithm, we propose the way of variable learning rate to improve the convergence speed. Using some literature data of reference standard database and program MATLAB simulation experiment, it shows that this improved the feasibility and effectiveness LMBP algorithm. Improving LMBP algorithm offers important reference value for combat simulation equipment for the analysis of the data characteristics and summary conclusions.


Abstract This study addressed the role of the reflection-informed learning and instruction (RILI) model on students' academic success by using CourseMIRROR mobile system. We hypothesized that prompting students to reflect on confusing concepts stimulates their self-monitoring activities according to which students are expected to review their understanding, search for related knowledge, and try to identify the confusing concepts. With this student-reflection information, instructors can thus address students' difficulties effectively, which can lead to enhanced academic success. We tested our hypothesis by conducting a semester-long quasi-experimental study in undergraduate industrial engineering classes (N = 153). The analyses revealed that students in the RILI condition performed significantly better than students in the control condition (Cohen's d = .82). In addition, reflection analysis showed that both quality and quantity of reflections were significantly associated with exam performance. Surveys indicated users highly valued the RIFI model; they rated CourseMIRROR favorably and said they would continue to use it in future classes.


Thrombospondin (TSP), is an adhesive 450-kD multifunctional glycoprotein composed of three identical disulphide-linked chains [ l ] . TSP has a broad tissue distribution, is synthesized by endothelial cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, alveolar pneumocytes, monocytes, and neuroglial cells, and is known to bind heparin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, histidine-rich glycoprotein, collagen, and plasminogen. OKM5 monoclonal antibody (CD36) is reactive with platelets, endothelial cells, and monocytes [2]. It identifies an 88-kD glycoprotein and has recently been found to inhibit the specific binding of TSP to C32 melanoma cells and HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells and to react with the cellular receptor for TSP [ 3 ] . The expression of OKM5 antigen (TSP receptor) on the cell surface of megakaryoblastic leukemia has been reported previously [4]. We describe here the existence of TSP receptor on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of the megakaryoblastic cell line MEG-01 [5]. Analysis of the culture cells (MEG-01) by means of indirect immunofluorescence technique is described. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were obtained through the courtesy of Drs. A.J. McMichael, H. Shiku, and G. Goldstein, and Ortho Diagnostic Systems K.K. and the Japan Scientific Instrument Company. Cell surface antigens were analyzed by a fluorescent-activated cell sorter (FACS IV; Becton Dickinson, Mountain View, CA) using a panel of MAbs as previously described [6]. Immunophenotypically , the differentiation stage for the MEG-01 cell line was considered to belong the megakaryoblast, which was demonstrated by both the presence of the megakaryocyte-platelet-related cell surface antigens GP IIb/IIIa (J15, P2, HPL2, and HPLS), Plt-1, OKM6, and Ia (HLA-DR), and the lack of GP Ib (5F1 and AN51) [6]. The antigen expression detected by OKM5 MAb was also clearly found on the surface of this cells. In addition, OKM5 antigen increased while culturing the MEG-01 cells with phorbol diesters and was also found in the cytoplasm by means of the indirect cytoplasmic immunofluorescence test [7 ] . (Fig. 1). On the basis of these findings, we conclude that TSP receptor certainly exists both on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of the megakaryoblastic cell line (MEG-01).


Based on Grover algorithm we design a scheme to perform a quantum control task of steering a finite-dimensional bilinear quantum mechanical system,which is basis-state controllable(but may not be state controllable).And investigate the probability of quantum control from an arbitrary state to a target one.A quantum simulation that performs the quantum control task is finally provided.


1. Wim De Neys, New Approaches In Reasoning Research: An Introduction. 2. Melanie Stollstorff, Genes Of Rationality: Building Blocks For The Neurobiology Of Reasoning. 3. Bastien Tremoliere & Jean-Francois Bonnefon, The Rationality Of Mortals: Thoughts Of Death Disrupt Analytic Processing. 4. Gregoire Borst, Sylvain Moutier, & Olivier Houde, Negative Priming In Logicomathematical Reasoning: The Cost Of Blocking Your Intuition. 5. Linden Ball, Eye-Tracking and Reasoning: What Your Eyes Tell About Your Inferences. 6. Maria Augustinova, Self-Perception and Reasoning: How Perceiving Yourself as Rational Makes You Less Biased. 7. Vittorio Girotto, Probabilistic Reasoning: Rational Expectations in Young Children and Infants. 8. Magda Osman, Reasoning Research: Where Was It Going? Where Is It Now? Where Will It Be Going?


In this article we study rearrangement optimization problems related to boundary-value problems involving the fractional Laplacian. We establish the existence and uniqueness of a solution under suitable assumptions.


Real-time systems are those which must execute all tasks within their timing constraints. Due to the catastrophic consequences of missing deadlines of some realtime tasks, fault tolerance is an essential component of such systems. This thesis introduces techniques to enhance the fault tolerance capability of real-time systems by incorporating time redundancy. Time redundancy is essential in ultrareliable real-time systems where correlated faults must be tolerated. It can also be used to detect and tolerate transient faults, which are a majority of the faults in computing systems. This thesis demonstrates how time redundancy can be used in conjunction with hardware and software redundancy to tolerate a variety of faults in real-time systems. This thesis considers several di erent system and task models, and for each model, presents a schedulability test (a utilization bound or a set of conditions) which guarantees that all tasks in the system will satisfy their timing constraints even in the presence of faults. The thesis studies the tradeo between the fault tolerance capability and resource utilization of the system (which decreases due to the added redundancy). New techniques are introduced to increase the system utilization. Efcient scheduling algorithms and bounds are presented to ensure high schedulability of tasks. The fault tolerance approaches presented in this thesis are thoroughly evaluated. The time after which a system recovers from one fault and is ready to tolerate a second one is measured for static and dynamic systems. Various tradeo studies are conducted to help the system designer make appropriate choices. Extensive simulation results explain the e ects of various input parameters such as task characteristics,


Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme plays an important role in the modulation of blood pressure. Antihypertensive peptides(APs) stop Angiotensin I from converting to Angiotensin II and prevent the inactivation of Kinin,thus decrease the blood pressure.Some proteases hydrolyze some food proteins at certain peptide bonds and produce short peptides having antihypertensive activity.To separate APs from the hydrolyzate is very difficult because of the existence of various peptides,which may have antihypertensive activity or not. This paper discusses the progress in the study on the theory of APs′ function, their enzymatic preparation and their separation technology.


We report direct visualization of gigahertz-frequency acoustic waves in lithium niobate phononic circuits. Primary propagation parameters, such as the power flow angle (PFA) and propagation loss (PL), are measured by transmission-mode microwave impedance microscopy (TMIM). Using fast Fourier transform, we can separately analyze forward and backward propagating waves and quantitatively evaluate the propagation loss. Our work provides insightful information on the propagation, diffraction, and attenuation in piezoelectric thin films, which is highly desirable for designing and optimizing phononic devices for microwave signal processing.


Background: Thalassemia is a set of inherited hematological illnesses caused by mutations in the genes that code for globin. Regular blood transfusions extend the lives of thalassemia patients, but they also increase the danger of blood-borne illness infections.
Objective: The current study was conducted to check the frequency and risk factors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections among β thalassemia major patients.
Methods: The study was conducted over a period of 3 months that is from November 2021 to February 2022 in the department of Thalassemia center CMH Rawalpindi. The study consists of thalassemia patients aged 6 months to 15 years including both male and female patients. Their venous blood was taken and transmitted to the laboratory, Armed force institute of pathology CMH Rawalpindi, for hepatitis B surface antigen test (HbsAg). Their demographic information was gathered, including their age, gender, number of blood transfusions received each year and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination status.
Results: Out of 100 patients there were 45 patients who were male and 55 patients who were female. The patients' ages span from 6 months to 15 years, with a mean age difference of 11.20 years and a standard deviation of 5.56. In three months, the mean difference in the number of blood transfusions received by patients was 22.7 6.6 SD. Patients under the age of ten were 50 percent of the time, and patients beyond ten were also 50 percent of the time (50 percent). Five (5%) of the total 100 patients tested positive for hepatitis B. In three months, the mean difference in the number of blood transfusions received by patients was 18.2 5.6 SD. Thirty (30%) patients out of a total of 100 were not immunized.
Conclusion: Frequency of hepatitis B in beta thalassemia major patients is minimal (less than 5 per 100) is seen in our study. To reduce the future risk of TTI, development of strong national and regional policies on safe blood transfusion procedures, VNRD-based transfusions, and universal quality-assured donor screening are recommended.


We consider mechanisms for online deadline-aware scheduling in large computing clusters. Batch jobs that run on such clusters often require guarantees on their completion time (i.e., deadlines). However, most existing scheduling systems implement fair-share resource allocation between users, an approach that ignores heterogeneity in job requirements and may cause deadlines to be missed. In our framework, jobs arrive dynamically and are characterized by their value and total resource demand (or estimation thereof), along with their reported deadlines. The scheduler's objective is to maximize the aggregate value of jobs completed by their deadlines. We circumvent known lower bounds for this problem by assuming that the input has slack, meaning that any job could be delayed and still finish by its deadline. Under the slackness assumption, we design a preemptive scheduler with a constant-factor worst-case performance guarantee. Along the way, we pay close attention to practical aspects, such as runtime efficiency, data locality and demand uncertainty. We evaluate the algorithm via simulations over real job traces taken from a large production cluster, and show that its actual performance is significantly better than other heuristics used in practice. We then extend our framework to handle provider commitments: the requirement that jobs admitted to service must be executed until completion. We prove that no algorithm can obtain worst-case guarantees when enforcing the commitment decision to the job arrival time. Nevertheless, we design efficient heuristics that commit on job admission, in the spirit of our basic algorithm. We show empirically that these heuristics perform just as well as (or better than) the original algorithm. Finally, we discuss how our scheduling framework can be used to design truthful scheduling mechanisms, motivated by applications to commercial public cloud offerings. ∗Work supported in part by the Technion-Microsoft Electronic Commerce Research Center, and by ISF grant 954/11. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from email@example.com. SPAA'13, July 23–25 2013, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM. Copyright 2013 ACM 978-1-4503-1572-2/13/07 ...$15.00.


The AAFP Credit System will begin approving functional medicine topics in accordance with the credit system's eligibility requirements ( ) and topic-specific guidance issued by the AAFP's Commission on Continuing Professional Development


— This paper obtains Bright and Singular optical 1-soliton solutions to Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel equation with Kerr-law nonlinearity which models the dynamics of optical soliton propagation through optical fibers. The sine-cosine method has been chosen for obtaining optical 1-soliton solutions of the aforementioned equation and validity conditions for the existence of the obtained solutions are thereby stated.


Gas Kinetic Method‐based flow solvers have become popular in recent years owing to their robustness in simulating high Mach number compressible flows. We evaluate the performance of the newly developed analytical gas kinetic method (AGKM) by Xuan et al. in performing direct numerical simulation of canonical compressible turbulent flow on graphical processing unit (GPU)s. We find that for a range of turbulent Mach numbers, AGKM results shows excellent agreement with high order accurate results obtained with traditional Navier–Stokes solvers in terms of key turbulence statistics. Further, AGKM is found to be more efficient as compared with the traditional gas kinetic method for GPU implementation. We present a brief overview of the optimizations performed on NVIDIA K20 GPU and show that GPU optimizations boost the speedup up‐to 40x as compared with single core CPU computations. Hence, AGKM can be used as an efficient method for performing fast and accurate direct numerical simulations of compressible turbulent flows on simple GPU‐based workstations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Two experiments are reported that employed think-aloud methods to test predictions concerning relevance effects and rationalisation processes derivable from Evans' (1996) heuristic-analytic theory of the selection task. Evans' account proposes that card selections are triggered by relevance-determining heuristics, with analytic processing serving merely to rationalise heuristically cued decisions. As such, selected cards should be associated with more references to both their facing and their hidden sides than rejected cards, which are not subjected to analytic rationalisation. Experiment 1 used a standard selection-task paradigm, with negative components permuted through abstract conditional rules. Support was found for all heuristic-analytic predictions. This evidence was shown to be robust in Experiment 2, where "select - don't select" decisions were enforced for all cards. Both experiments also clarify the role played by secondary heuristics in cueing the consideration of hidden card values during rationalisation. We suggest that whilst Evans' heuristic-analytic model and Oaksford and Chater's (e.g., 2003) optimal data selection model can provide compelling accounts of our protocol findings, the mental models theory fares less well as an explanation of our full dataset.


Through the investigation on the network virtual reference service developed by the libraries of "211 Project" universities,this paper finds out some problems in developing this service by the top universities,and puts forward some concrete improvement measures.


M edicine is both an art and a science whose relative proportions have seen dramatic changes over the years. Until the middle ages medicine was based on Greek theory and philosophy rather than on scientific observation. The teachings of Hippocrates and Galen guided medical practice, and it was widely believed that the human body had four humors: blood from the heart, phlegm from the brain, yellow bile from the liver, and black bile from the spleen. Good health was attributed to the equilibrium and illness to the disequilibrium of bodily humors. The scientific method began in the fifteenth century with the recognition of the importance of human dissection, leading to a change in the emphasis of medicine from philosophy to practical physical science and anatomy. The scientific method consisted of a set of techniques used by the medical community to investigate disease, providing an objective framework within which to make scientific inquiry and analyze the data in order to reach a conclusion about that inquiry. The steps in this process included identification of a problem, postulation of a hypothesis, testing of the hypothesis by (most importantly) observing and experimenting, and then interpreting the data and drawing a conclusion. With the invention of Laennec's stethoscope, Leeuwenhoek's microscopic methods, and Roentgen's X-rays, science was becoming more and more important in medicine. Harvey's scientific study of human circulation, Koch's scientific studies of microbes that caused human diseases, and the Curies' studies of radium were all important medical advances based on science. Of course there are many more than the few mentioned here. The field of cardiovascular medicine has developed at an unprecedented rate during the last few decades. New understanding of diseases, new treatment modalities, and technological advances have led to a knowledge explosion, as well as a better understanding of diseases and their management. New health challenges have arisen due to an increasing population, the emergence of new diseases, as well as to an increased lifespan and globalization. Current medical practice is "evidence based", with special emphasis on the data obtained from large clinical trials, often cleverly designed, and supported by the pharmaceutical industry. In the context of such extraordinary developments, cardiology has splintered into many highly specialized disciplines and has become increasingly laboratory-focused, and less rooted in bedside evaluation. Current cardiovascular programs are producing fewer broad clinical cardiologists than ever before. Most trainees want to become expert in cardiac proceThe Cardiovascular Teaching Laboratory: Linking Medical Education, Clinical Practice, and Research


Gluten, in genetically susceptible individuals induces an immune mediated enteropathy called Celiac disease (CD). It is an established cause of malabsorption, with the worldwide prevalence being 1% in the general population. It is found across all age groups, from infants to the elderly with 20% patients being diagnosed in the seventh decade of life. It has varying clinical presentations ranging from silent asymptomatic forms which are diagnosed during screening to life threatening forms with severe malabsorption to atypical presentations, with the symptom spectrum extending beyond the gastrointestinal tract which are more common in adults. High index of suspicion, robust screening and testing, followed by strict adherence to gluten free diet is a must to curb and cure the disease. Patients tend to face difficulties not only during diagnosis, but also with compliance and availability of a gluten free diet, in addition to significant economic and psychosocial burden, which is more predominant in developing countries. Screening of high-risk groups like first-degree relatives of celiac disease, patients with severe malnutrition, other autoimmune diseases, refractory anaemia and irritable bowel syndrome should be done to enhance case detection. In low middle income countries, judicious resource utilisation takes precedence, hence, tackling a multifactorial disease such as celiac disease becomes challenging. Repeated follow ups, awareness among patients and doctors, encouragement, availability of testing and dietary counselling is necessary for management of the disease in such settings. Improving sanitation and feeding practices may also play role in decreasing incidence, considering childhood GI infections are a well-established risk factor. Increased availability of serological tests (IgA/IgG anti-tTG, anti -EMA and anti-DGP), biopsy, genetic testing and other newer modalities under research have improved the diagnostic accuracy. Poor compliance increases the risk of GI malignancy, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hepatocellular carcinoma and MALToma. Hence adherence is a must to prevent complications. A wide variety of treatment modalities are being evaluated to bring into force alternative strategies for management. Only providing gluten free diet is often not sufficient for improvement of nutritional status in patients with CD. Hence, micronutrient supplementation should also be encouraged to meet the unmet needs.


Objective:To investigate the ultrastructure characteristic and bonding mechanism of the dentin-resin interface in two types of dentin with laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM).Methods:The adhesive systems,etching adhesives and self-etching adhesives that labeled with 0.1% Rhodamine B were applied in normal dentin,caries affected dentin for LSCM observation,the dentin-resin interface of each adhesive system were observed by using LSCM.Results:The thickness of hybrid layer to sound dentin was twice larger to carious affected dentin by means of LSCM with well-formed cone shaped resin tags.Resin tags penetrated lateral branches of dentinal tubules were observed to form a micronetwork of resin.Resin tags were observed to traverse from the resin layer above into the undemineralized dentin below and lateral branches of dentinal tubules.Conclusion:The infiltration of resin monomer of sound dentin is filled well compared to caries affected dentin.No significant difference is observed between the bond interface of total-etching adhesive system Prime-Bond NT and self-etching adhesive system XenoⅢ.


Color transparency is studied for the $K^+$ meson produced due to large four-momentum transfer in the $(e,e^\prime)$ reaction on nuclei. The variation of the $K^+$ meson color transparency ($K^+$CT) with the photon virtuality, and kaon momentum is investigated. The calculated results for $K^+$CT are compared with the data reported from Jefferson Laboratory.


The goal of this study was to explore the relationship between temperament (specifically impulsivity and inhibition) and prereading skills (letter knowledge and print concepts) in preschool children from disadvantaged backgrounds. The participants in the study were 111 preschool children with a mean age of 58.09 months (SD = 5.80) attending Head Start. Results from hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that lower levels of impulsivity (consisting of persistence, negative emotionality, and activity-level characteristics) and lower levels of inhibition made unique contributions to higher letter knowledge and print concepts skills. Theoretical implications for early childhood education and directions for future research are highlighted.


A laminar flaw is a planar subsurface flaw parallel to the rolling direction of the plate, where the applied stress is typically parallel to the rolling direction. The laminar flaw oriented within 10 degree of a plane parallel to the component surface is defined as a laminar flaw, in accordance with the definition of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler & Pressure Vessel (B&PV) Code Section XI. The ASME Code provides combination criterion for multiple laminar flaws. If there are two or more laminations, these laminations are projected to a single plane and, if the separation distance of the projected laminations is less than or equal to 25.4 mm, the laminations shall be combined into a single large laminar flaw in the assessment. The combination criterion was established on the basis of the non-destructive examination capabilities in the 1970's. However, this methodology did not consider the offset distance of the laminations nor the mechanical interaction between the flaws. Therefore that combination methodology is not suited in case of a large number of laminar flaws. This may occur e.g. in case of hydrogen flaking in steel forging components. Actually, when multiple discrete laminar flaws are close to each other, interaction between the flaws has to be taken into account and these flaws shall be combined to a single laminar flaw for assessment. Stress intensity factor interactions for inclined laminar flaws were analyzed in the frame of hydrogen flaking issue in reactor pressure vessels of Doel 3 and Tihange 2 Belgian nuclear power plants. Based on the mechanical interaction between flaws, new combination criterion was developed and was presented in this paper.


AIM:To research for the optimual condition for the isolation of nattokinase,analyse the characterization of physical chemistry and enzymology.METHOD:The target protein was acquired by sequential use of solid ammonium sulfate grade precipitation,ion-exchange chromatography on CM-Sepharose F.F and lyophylization.The result of protein content and fibrinolytic activity were obtained by Lowry method and the method of Milstone employing standard fibrin plates,which was used to analyses the impact of temperature,pH,matal ions,and inhibitors of protease.RESULT:Purified nattokinase was provided with a great fibrinolytic activity,with a molecular weight of (28 000) Da,NK was promptly inactivated above 60 ℃,but was relatively stable at pH 5~12,especially at pH 10~11.The enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by the presence of Cu~(2+),but was not significantly affected by K~(+),Ca~(2+),Fe~(3+),Mg~(2+)or Mn~(2+).Nattokinase activity was completely inhibited by PMSF at a concentration of 100 μmol/L,but not e-ACA or EDTA.The specific activity(F/C,the ratios of fibrinolytic activity to caseinolytic activity)of NK was 1.6 times higher than that of alkaline trypsin-like serine protease extracted from Lumbricus rubellus.CONCLUSION:The technique of purification was established and its characterizations were generally investigated.


The current interest in the emerging field of semiconductor spintronics is mostly focused on transition metal-doped binary materials, e.g. Mn-doped GaAs, GaN, etc. Recently, however, the explorations of transition metal-doped ternary semiconductors have intensified, due to some experimental confirmations of high Curie temperature in chalcopyrite compounds. A density functional theory within generalized gradient approximation study was performed on (Mn, Cr, V)-doped ternary material MgSiN2. Our results show Mn-doped MgSiN2 to be antiferromagnetic for MnMg (Mn substitutes Mg site) and ferromagnetic for MnSi (Mn substitutes Si site). On the other hand, (Cr, V)-doped MgSiN2 was found to be ferromagnetic, independent of the substitution sites.


The purpose of this paper is to propose a criterion for the occurrence of drying shrinkage cracking of concrete. Based on the test results obtained by using the new testing apparatus in which the restraint ratio can be kept constant and the stress occurring in concrete can be directly measured, the shrinkage cracking criterion based on both stress and strain was constituted. The stress and strain at the maximum load under the stress-strain relationship were discussed as well as the static strength test, and the stress reducing factor(α: maximum restraint stress ratio) and the strain increasing factor(β: maximum restraint strain ratio) were introduced. These factors were assumed to be dependent on water-cement ratio(W/C), the age at the start of drying(T), and restraint ratio(K). Moreover, since it was considered that the effects of the internal stress due to the distribution of drying shrinkage strain was remarkable, the initial slope between the water loss and drying shrinkage strain(WSi) was discussed. Finally, both factors were expressed as a function of WSi and K. It was found that the proposed criterion was almost described the jeopardy of the occurrence of drying shrinkage cracking, although it was very difficult to predict the occurrence of cracking exactly.


Method for communicating in a network, there is provided an apparatus, and computer program products. Device transmits a multicast message to the network device. Multicast messages facilitates the search of the unknown IP address of the network device. Apparatus, the first response message in response to the multicast message to determine the IP address of the network device from the first response message, if it is determined whether or not received from the network device, the first response message is received from the network device. Apparatus, and using the determined IP address set to the network device and the security access. Apparatus, the end of the failure between the device and the network device, and transmits a link-state check message to the network device to detect a link-end-to.


In the article one of the components of the model of social worker personal competence is represented. The basic professionally significant personal features of specialist, psychophysical and psychoanalytical characteristics, as well as the readiness for prevention of personal professional deformation have been considered.


Three cases of distal oesophageal stricture which developed after ovariohysterectomy, carried out under atropine-xylazine-ketamine anaesthesia in the cat are reviewed. Diagnosis was based upon medical history, clinical signs and contrast radiography and confirmed by endoscopy. Dilatation was successfully attempted in one case by advancing the endoscope through the stricture. The multifactorial pathogenesis of the condition and the diagnostic and therapeutic methods applied are discussed.


Incidence of food poisoning are still happening. Result of a study as reported by the Directorate General of Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health, indicated that the poisoning are frequently caused by sea fish especially tuna fish ( Auxis thazard ). That's why Health Ecology Research Centre has done another research to find a safe way how to cook sea fish especially tuna fish for safe consumption. This research was conducted from June 1997 until March 1998. The samples consisted of tuna fish ( Auxis thazard ) and kembung fish ( Rastrelliger spp ) bought from Fish Auction in Cilincing and Cilincing market. The fishes were carried in an ice box to be analized in the laboratory and prepared in different cooking methods: fresh steamedfish, fish cooked in coconut milk, fried fish and grilled fish. Measurement of histamine levels were done by the Mopper Method and observation of microflora for fungi and bacteria, to know wich way of cooking fish was related to the lowest histamine level. By analizing histamine level it was found that fresh steamed fish contained the lowest histamine (tuna 6,34 ppm, kembung 3,91 ppm),fish cooked in coconut milk (tuna 8,11 ppm, kembung 5,20 ppm), fried fish (tuna 14,86 ppm, kembung 13,18 ppm) and grilled fish (tuna 31,12 ppm, kembung 19,49 ppm). It has been proven that the histamine level of cooked fresh fish is less than 50 ppm (US Food and Drug Administration/FDA s , allowable concentration). The conclusion of this research : to cook fresh fish is the best and that fish must be handled carefully. The rotary histamin content was lowest in fresh steamed fish, followed by fish cooked in coconut milk, fried fish and grilled fish. The kinds of fungi found were : Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus ochraceus, Khamir and Rhizopus sp . In the cooked fish we did not find any pathogenic bacteria.


Sensorineural hearing loss due to ototoxic drugs remains as a conflict as the treatment option with aminoglycosides. Ototoxic mouse model was produced with the administration of ototoxic drugs aminoglycoside kanamycin and loop-diuretic furosemide, thus validation of auditory function of the mouse model is needed to determine the efficacy of the drugs. Kanamycin sulfate 550 mg/kg (VWR life sciences, PA, USA) and furosemide 130 mg/kg (Lasix, Handok, Korea) were administered through subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection respectively. Auditory brainstem response and distortion otoacoustic emission tests were performed on days 3,5,7,10,14 post administration of the ototoxic drug. Thresholds in response to the stimulus given in the auditory brainstem recordings and distortion otoacoustic emission tests were obtained. The hearing threshold shift to high stimulus intensity was observed post administration of the ototoxic drug. Latency of the ABR peak waves were recorded and analyzed, latency delay was observed as hearing threshold increases. These findings will further support in the application of this animal model in various studies regarding ototoxic hearing loss.


Background Patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are at increased risk of perioperative bleeding and morbidity associated with transfusion as a result of acquired and pharmacologically induced impaired platelet function.
 Settings and Design In this a prospective observational study where 52 patients underwent on-pump CABG were analyzed with ROTEM platelet aggregometry.
 Materials and Methods Patients were assigned to the "nonexcessive" and "excessive" postoperative bleeding groups according to the postoperative chest tube drainage over 24 hours. Platelet function was assessed by ROTEM platelet using three different activators (arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate, and thrombin receptor-activating peptide), at two perioperative time points (T1, before heparinization and T2, 5–10 minutes after protamine administration).
 Results There were no differences regarding demographic, pre–cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) platelet count and antiplatelet therapy. Platelet function was impaired over the time course in all parameters with three different activators. At T2 point, area under the curve (AUC) of all the three platelet indices, that is, TRAPTEM, ARATEM, and ADPTEM, showed significant difference between excessive and nonexcessive groups. At both T1 and T2 points, the amplitude after 6 minutes (A6) and maximum slope (MS) parameters of TRAPTEM, ARATEM, and ADPTEM tests were not significantly different in excessive and nonexcessive groups. At T1 point, AUC was also not significantly different in all three ROTEM platelet tests. Results after protamine administration showed correlation with postoperative chest tube drainage. Cut-off values, as determined by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses, had a consistently weak positive predictive value for all tests at T2 time point, whereas negative predictive values were higher.
 Conclusion Platelet function analysis using ROTEM platelet can help to exclude platelet dysfunction as the reason for bleeding after cardiac surgery. Point-of-care platelet function analysis, particularly in combination with viscoelastic testing can reduce perioperative bleeding and transfusion requirements, as well as improve patient outcomes in cardiac surgery.


Film archives preserve materials of significant cultural heritage. While current practice helps ensure 35mm film will last for at least one hundred years, digi  tal technology is creating new challenges for the traditional means of preservation. Digitally produced films can be preserved via film stock; however, digital ancillary materials and assets in many cases cannot be preserved using traditional analog means. Strategy and action for preserving this content needs to be addressed before further content is lost. To understand the current perspective of the film archives, especially in regards to the film industry's marked hesitation to embrace digital preservation, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences' paper "The Digital Dilemma: Strategic Issues in Archiving and Accessing Digital Motion Picture Materials" was closely evaluated. To supplement this analysis, an interview was conducted with the collections curator at the Academy Film Archive, who explained the archives' current approach to curation and its hesitation to move to digital technologies for preservation.


The invention belongs to the technical field of observation and control, particularly relates to a cable network tester based on tree-type channel expansion, and aims to provide a cable network tester based on the tree-type channel expansion, which has the maximum test current of 100 mA and 12,800 test channels and is high in test efficiency and high in test precision. The cable network tester based on the tree-type channel expansion comprises a control and processing module, a channel expansion module, an insulation test module and a conduction test module, wherein the control and processing module communicates with an external upper computer so as to control the working sequence of the whole cable network tester and select a test channel of a to-be-tested cable; the insulation test module performs insulation test on the to-be-tested cable; the conduction test module performs conduction test on the to-be-tested cable under the control of a control signal of the control and processing module. Through a modularized design, the channel expansion module is based on a tree-type network structure, and the cable network tester based on tree-type channel expansion has relatively strong expansibility, and has the maximum test current of 100 mA and 12,800 test channels.


The pathogenesis of Chiari malformations has been passionately debated since the initial descriptions by Hans Chiari, observations that remain as valid today as they were more than a century ago. Different hypotheses have been proposed and mostly based upon mechanical events, e.g: crowding theory, pulsation theory, traction theory, hydrodynamic oligo-cerebrospinal fluid theory. None satisfactorily addresses all features of the Chiari malformations [3].


Purpose
This paper develops a theoretical model that analyzes the decision problem the landowner has to face between the construction of second homes and hotels. The starting point implies verifying that for a given tourist destination, the land available for the construction of accommodation is limited. For this reason, when choosing between building second homes or building hotels, many factors influence the decision model. The theoretical mechanism generalizes the model introduced in Brida and Boffa (2010) and is based on a four-stage sequential game with four players. From the results of the model, the authors conclude that it is optimal from the social point of view both to build a hotel and to build a second home because both generate added value during the year. For this reason, the construction of second homes should be taken into account in the planning policy of the tourist destination. This arises from considering that second homes, as they remain occupied all year like hotels, in certain tourist destinations, do not generate seasonality.


A large amount of research has focused on job insecurity, but without obtaining consistent results. Some authors have pointed that this variability might be due to the operationalization of job insecurity. Different types of job insecurity can provoke different employee reactions. The aim of this study is to analyse the effect of job insecurity, understood as temporary employment (objective job insecurity) and personal perception (subjective job insecurity), on affective well-being. In addition, the moderator roles of job self-efficacy and collective efficacy are examined in the relationship between job insecurity and employees' affective well-being. This study was carried out with 1435 employees from 138 Spanish and Austrian organizations. The results showed a different effect of job insecurity depending on its conceptualization. Only subjective job insecurity was negatively related to affective well-being. Moreover, both self- and collective efficacy moderated the subjective job insecurity–outcomes relation, ameliorating employees' well-being levels when they perceived job insecurity.


We show that the minimum energy requirement for separation of a multicomponent mixture in a three-product Petlyuk arrangement is equal to the minimum energy for the most difficult of the two separations (top/middle or middle/bottom product) in a conventional single column. In the Vmin diagram (part 1 of this series), this is simply the highest peak. These results are based on an analytical solution for columns with an infinite number of stages, assuming constant relative volatilities and constant molar flows. The previous analytical results for the Petlyuk column are extended to include nonsharp separations, multicomponent feeds, and any feed quality.


This paper studies matrix representations of algebras (over a field) using countably-infinite matrices which are both row and column finite, and in which the bandwidth growth is controlled. The ideas lead naturally to a concept of "growth of an algebra", somewhat analogous to the growth associated with GK-dimension. They also lead in a similar way to a dimension function on general algebras, which we term bandwidth dimension. For each real number r E [O, 1], we construct an algebra having bandwidth dimension precisely r. Since the free algebra turns out to have bandwidth dimension 0, our new dimension promises to distinguish among algebras of infinite GK-dimension.


This article aims to provide a new conflict resolution perspective on the conflict between Islam and Christianity in Indonesia. This article is a qualitative research with the type of literature review research. The data in this article were collected using documentation techniques that were applied to search for primary and secondary data. The data were analyzed using a qualitative approach, namely data management, data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. This article finds that: first, the relationship between Muslims and Christians has various dynamics in Indonesia, one of which is conflict. Second, both in Islam and in Christianity, both have doctrines or dogmas that are exclusive in viewing religious adherents outside their adherents. These two findings, are facts that can not be denied and it really happened. Based on these findings, this article formulates two conflict resolutions to overcome these two issues, namely practical resolution and dogmatic conflict resolution.


The paper presents a submission to the EvaLatin 2022 shared task. Our system places first for lemmatization, part-of-speech and morphological tagging in both closed and open modalities. The results for cross-genre and cross-time sub-tasks show that the system handles the diachronic and diastratic variation of Latin. The architecture employs state-of-the-art transformer models. For part-of-speech and morphological tagging, we use XLM-RoBERTa large, while for lemmatization a ByT5 small model was employed. The paper features a thorough discussion of part-of-speech and lemmatization errors which shows how the system performance may be improved for Classical, Medieval and Neo-Latin texts.


ABSTRACT The present work was carried out with students of compulsory secondary education. The research was prompted by the idea that scientific vocation among young people is shrinking and that this has a significant impact on our society. Consequently, a science project based on the students' interests was proposed. They were able to work as a single group and design the methodology to achieve the goal they set: 'understanding how fish function and knowing all the organs they need to live underwater'. As this objective involves considering fish within a broader system, it seems their research work inspired system thinking. Nevertheless, during the experiment session, they tried to link their comments to a traditional evaluation. Their research questions were completely conditioned by what they thought they would be assessed on under usual conditions. On this basis, they only chose to know the name of the parts and their practical uses. Therefore, although they initially considered the environment as a part to study to learn how fish function, evaluation limited their research to finalist questions. Other results, such as observation of the peer learning process, are also shown.


Abstract  Transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations (tLOSRs) are both a dominant mechanism of reflux and an element of the belch reflex. This study aimed to analyse the interplay between reflux and upper oesophageal sphincter (UOS) activity during meal‐induced tLOSRs. Fifteen normal subjects were studied with a solid‐state high‐resolution manometry assembly positioned to record from the hypopharynx to the stomach and a catheter pH electrode 5 cm above the LOS. Subjects ate a 1000‐calorie high‐fat meal and were monitored for 120 min in a sitting posture. The relationship among tLOSRs, common cavities, pressure changes within the oesophagus and UOS contractile activity were analysed. A total of 218 tLOSRs occurred among the 15 subjects. The majority (79%) were coupled with UOS relaxation and 84% (145/173) of these occurred in association with a common cavity. Upper oesophageal sphincter relaxation was usually preceded by a pressure change in the oesophagus; however, some relaxations (16%) occurred without a discernable increase in pressure or before the pressure increase began. Acid reflux did not appear to play a role in determining UOS response to tLOSRs. The majority of post‐prandial tLOSRs were associated with brief periods of UOS relaxation, likely permissive of gas venting (microburps). Intraoesophageal pressure changes likely modulate this UOS response; however, an anticipatory characteristic was evident in some subjects. Whether or not GORD patients with extra‐oesophageal symptoms exhibit an exaggeration of the UOS relaxation response during reflux is yet to be determined.


This monographic work deals with the deconstitution of socio-affective paternity, with the general aim of analyzing, in the light of the Brazilian legal system and the doctrinal and jurisprudential understandings, the possibility of being deprived of socio-affective paternity once the possession of the son state has been consolidated. For this, the method of deductive approach was used, because through the study of norms, laws, jurisprudence and doctrines, the general scope, in the case of socio-affective paternity, for the specific one, analyzing the possibility or not of deconstitution of the Said paternity when the possession of the child's state is consolidated. The procedure used for the data collection was the bibliographic research. In view of the study carried out, it was noticed that socio-affective affiliation as well as the possession of the son state, although not expressly provided for in Brazilian legislation, were consolidated in family law due to the changes that the family nucleus suffered over time, mainly after the promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988 and the Civil Code of 2002. Faced with this, doctrine and jurisprudence have been positioning themselves in the sense of equating biological and socio-affective paternity, ensuring that, just as biological parenthood can not be undone, the state-owned subsidiary also presents the same guarantee, since both are equally responsible for the formation of the individual.


In this article the major factors rendering both positive and negative influence on perspectives of oil and gas business are considered. Among these factors objective and subjective ones are allocated. Also in this article such positions where concrete attitudes of workers in oil and gas sector to an innovation develop of three components - cognitive, emotional and behavioral are formulated. Also in work it is noted, that for successful introduction of innovations it is necessary to form positive installations for the working personnel.


While working in the Gulf of Mexico, a 24-year-old male commercial diver developed decompression sickness (DCS) with neurological involvement (Type II DCS). This occurred despite closely adhering to US Navy decompression tables that divers follow upon slowly resurfacing from the ocean depths (so-called unexplained DCS). The patient required therapy in a decompression chamber, and subsequently had complete clinical recovery. He was then referred to "rule out" a right-to-left cardiac shunt. Physical examination, an electrocardiogram, and chest x-ray were all normal. Initial transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was also normal, having normal cardiac chamber dimensions and function, and normal pulmonary artery pressure calculations. A right antecubital vein intravenous line was placed, and 8 cc of agitated saline using a three-way stop-cock was administered during normal respirations. TTE revealed complete opacification of the right heart chambers. Contrast bubbles appeared within the left heart chambers within two cardiac cycles of its appearance in the right heart (Fig. 1). A transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) was then performed. At the level of the atrial septum a patent foramen ovale (PFO) was identified with its "slit" ∼10 mm diameter during normal respirations. Agitated saline contrast was injected during normal respirations with contrast visualized to traverse right to left via the PFO (Fig. 2). Based on these findings, the patient was felt to have a clinically


Q-Learning is one of the best ways to find action in certain situations through trials and errors. In this paper, we propose a novel method that finds element values of OPAmp satisfying specifications of a target circuit using Q-learning. In the proposed method, the relationship between "element value" and "circuit characteristic" is learned by Q-learning. From simulation results, we confirmed that the computer itself learned circuit design procedure, and autonomous design became possible.


In an attempt to streamline the paper supply chain, paper industry vertical business-tobusiness eMarketplaces were established to help industry players to decrease inefficiencies in their supply chains, to minimize negative effects of economic cyclicality, and to achieve better visibility. eMarketplaces rode the hype of revolutionizing the way in which industries conduct business, citing the cost savings achieved by expanded market reach, operational efficiencies, aggregated purchasing, and finding the least expensive suppliers. Adoption of eIntermediaries has been lower than expected in the paper industry and many of the paper vertical start-ups failed when the economy softened and the dot.com bubble burst. This thesis examines the expectations, experience and role of eIntermediaries in the paper supply chain. eIntermediaries failed to fulfill paper suppliers expectations regarding key promises, such as improving cash flow, reducing cycle time, and reducing errors. None of the paper supplier respondents achieved the expected benefits from eIntermediary implementation. Overall paper suppliers lack commitment and trust for eIntermediaries. Paper buyer and paper supplier attitudes and expectations on eIntermediaries do not differ significantly. Both suppliers and buyers are concerned that using eIntermediaries would lead to loss of contact with exchange partners, but paper suppliers have a greater level of concern. Suppliers are most concerned with profitability, security of sensitive information, technical resources, costs, and the need to restructure established business processes in the context of using eIntermediaries. Neither paper buyers nor suppliers are driving eIntermediary adoption on the paper industry. B2B exchanges seem to have underestimated the complexity of the paper industry and overestimated companies' ability to adopt eCommerce. Organizational changes, changes in


81 Ebru Karaağaç Özçelik, Schizophrenia, family environment, stigmatization / dx.doi.org/10.14744/phd.2017.07088 of schizophrenia, and communication problems with parents who have high risk children can increase the vulnerability.[5] A study done in China found that families of schizophrenic patients were more conflict prone and inconsistent, and they thought that intellectual and entertaining activities were not sufficient than the control group.[6] The effect of schizophrenia may narrow patients' environment by negatively affecting other people's approach towards them. Internalization or self-stigmatization is the adoption of stigmatizing opinions such as dangerousness and inadequacy by individuals with psychiatric disorders. Internalized stigmatization obstructs compliance to treatment and recovery.[7,8] A study showed that highly internalized stigmatization, low levels of self-respect and weak insight were the factors that affected compliance to treatment negatively.[9] Another study found that schizophrenic patients with high functionality, low perception of internalized stigmatization and readiness to change their behavior were better at compliance to treatment.[10] Studies have indicated that promoting quality of life was an important indicator in amelioration of symptoms and functional recovery and also a valid and beneficial outcome criterion.[11,12] Schizophrenics' distortions in important functionality fields such as work, interpersonal communication and self-care reduce quality of life.[13] The subjective determinants of quality of life are clinical, sociodemographic, mental and social. Mental-social situations and treatment programs for depression can improve the quality of life of patients.[14] A study of the quality of life of schizophrenia and mood disorder patients found that disease factors such as mental problems, family burden, suicide attempts, attitude about self-care giver and living far from home were the most important determiners of quality of life, and family factors were more significant than social factors in mental symptom level.[15] The main aim of schizophrenia treatment is to help patients to recover and improve their quality of life by reducing symptoms and preventing relapses.[16] Cooperation between the patient, family and medical staff increases its efficacy. Psychiatric nurses must consider the factors that affect recovery and quality of life such as family environment and internalized stigmatization. Patients' quality of life can be boosted by increasing their self-esteem, social abilities and decision-making ability with culturally suitable and evidence-based practices. In the light of these information, this study was conducted to determine family environment, internalized stigmatization and quality of life. It sought to answer these questions: 1. What are the family environment perception levels of the schizophrenic patients and the patient relatives? 2. Is there a difference between the family environment perception levels of the schizophrenic patients and the patient relatives? 3. In what level does the schizophrenic patients perceive the internalized stigmatization and quality of life? 4. Is there a correlation between patients' family environment, internalized stigmatization and quality of life scores? Materials and Method Population and Sample This study is descriptive research. It was conducted at the psychiatry clinic of Erzincan State Hospital between December 2011 and February 2012. The population of the study were 64 outpatients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia according to criteria of DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) in the past year (December 2010-December 2011). Sample selection was not performed, and 51 patients who met the research criteria and 51 patient relatives were included in the study for family environment assessment because the perceptions of patient relatives are important. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Patients According to the criteria of DSM-IV-TR, the inclusion criteria included being an outpatient diagnosed with schizophrenia, being in clinical remission, being between 18 and 65 years old and voluntary participation in the study. The exclusion criteria included being diagnosed with any physical disorder (hearing or speech disorders), neurological disorder and being mentally retarded. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Patient Relatives The inclusion criteria included living with a schizophrenic patient at least 1 year, being between 18 and 65 years old and voluntary participation in the study. The exclusion criteria included any physical (hearing, speech disorder) and mental (psychotic disorder, mentally retarded) obstacle.


The training of creative thinking is the forceful guarantee of improving students' abilities of graphic design;and making a survey of creative thinking teaching of students' graphic design helps to improve teacher's teaching method and to enhance students' level of graphic creativity.Through the way of questionnaire survey of the teachers and students from art department of Zunyi Normal College,this paper endeavors to analyze the preventing factors of students' graphic creativity and the problems existing in the creative thinking teaching of graphic design,which provides reliable evidences for better facilitating creative thinking teaching of teacher in graphic design.


Genetically modified(GM) soybeans have been developing rapidly because of their advantages of low cost and excellent resistance since GM crops produced commercially in 1996.China,the only country which refuses to cultivate GM soybeans,however,is the world's largest importer of them.GM soybeans have caused a serious impact on the production and trade of non-GM soybeans.The external dependence of soybeans has reached more than 70% in China.GM soybean price affects the domestic soybean prices,and the sale price further influences the farmers' willingness to plant soybean.In 5% of the significant level,when the sale price drops by 1%,the soybean planting area will drop by 0.4%.Now the farmers' enthusiasm of planting soybeans declines,and China's competitiveness in the international soybean market gets weaker and weaker.


The esterase isozymes of four species of ants(Hymenoptera:Formicidae) were studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.The results showed that the zymograms of esterase isozymes in four species ants were in significant difference.The zymograms were very clear and stable.It indicated that they could be as a genetic marker to identify the variation of genomic structure in species and their genetic relationship.


British-Irish institutions need strengthening to face the challenges of Brexit. In this post, on the 20th anniversary of the Good Friday Agreement and ahead of the UK's impending exit from the EU, Etain Tannam (Trinity College Dublin) invokes John Hume's approach to peace-making to highlight current weaknesses in policy-making. She argues that Hume's concept of the totality of British-Irish relations has taken on new importance and is as significant as it was thirty years ago.


Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can inhibit the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, how FMT modulates the gut microbiota and which biomarker is valuable for evaluating the efficacy of FMT have not been clarified. This study aimed to determine the changes in the gut microbiota and their relationship with butyric acid following FMT for UC. Fecal microbiota (FM) was isolated from healthy individuals or mice and transplanted into 12 UC patients or colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Their clinical colitis severities were monitored. Their gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S sequencing and bioinformatics. The levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from five UC patients with recurrent symptoms after FMT and individual mice were quantified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The impact of butyric acid on the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota was tested in vitro. The effect of the combination of butyric acid-producing bacterium and FMT on the clinical responses of 45 UC patients was retrospectively analyzed. Compared with that in the controls, the FMT significantly increased the abundance of butyric acid-producing bacteria and fecal butyric acid levels in UC patients. The FMT significantly increased the α-diversity, changed gut microbial structure, and elevated fecal butyric acid levels in colitis mice. Anaerobic culture with butyrate significantly increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiota from colitis mice and changed their structure. FMT combination with Clostridium butyricum-containing probiotics significantly prolonged the UC remission in the clinic. Therefore, fecal butyric acid level may be a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of FMT for UC, and addition of butyrate-producing bacteria may prolong the therapeutic effect of FMT on UC by changing the gut microbiota.


A spectrophotometric method for determination of nitrite was introduced. In weak acidic solution, nitrite is first diazotized with p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, and then the diazotate couples with N,N-dimethylaniline to form yellow methyl orange, whose color changes into red after acidification. Using ionic flotation technique the red methyl orange can be collected with butanol. Through determination of the absorbance value of the butanol solution the nitrite content is obtained. The molar absorbance coefficient is 9.7×10 4 L/mol·cm. A good liner relation is observed in the nitrite concentration range of 0.041~0.0041 μg/mL. The content of trace nitrite in pure water can be detected with this method.


An array of heterogeneously integrated light-emitting transistors is fabricated after an epitaxial transfer process bonds and interconnects active III-V photonic material onto a CMOS-compatible host wafer for the purposes of establishing a photonic logic network.


Background: Rheumatic mitral stenosis is the most common valvular abnormalities found in developing countries. Mortality risk in those populations was poorly investigated. In addition, hemodynamic, morphological, and mechanical factors that influence or predict outcome of rheumatic mitral stenosis have not been identified.
Aims: To determine predictive factors affecting outcome in rheumatic mitral stenosis patients.
Method: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the National General Hospital Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study recruited patients from the Valvular Heart Disease Registry from May 2014 to November 2020. New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, invasive or surgical treatment, and incidence of death were recorded. The baseline rhythm from electrocardiography (ECG) was categorized as sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. Based on the findings of trans thoracal echocardiography (TTE), subjects who had moderate to severe pure rheumatic mitral stenosis (or followed by mitral regurgitation and / or less significant tricuspid regurgitation as a natural history) and subjects with rheumatic mitral stenosis with a combination of other heart valve problems (of which severity more significantly) classified as groups I and II. The mitral valve area (MVA), mitral valve gradient (MVG), left atrial diameter (LA), and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) were then analyzed.
Results: A total of 477 patients (mean age 44.08 ± 10.93 years; 71.5% female) were enrolled in this study. There were 61 deaths during the median follow up of 393 days of which 35 deaths occurred in group I and 26 deaths occurred in group II. Kaplan Meier curve shows the 1 year survival rate is higher in group I than group II which is 92.5% and 92%, respectively. Bivariate followed by multivariate analysis showed MVG and mPAP were predictive risk factors for mortality in group I with p = 0.020 and p = 0.021. MVG parameter values evaluated from echocardiography with a cut-off of more than 10 mmHg and mPAP parameters with a cut-off of more than 50 mmHg were independent predictive risk factors for mortality. Thus, patients were at higher risk of death if MVG > 10 mmHg and mPAP > 50 mmHg
Conclusion: One year survival rate in group I was higher than group II. MVG and mPAP were risk factors for predicting mortality in group I.


The influence of haydite's proportion on the rupture modulus and abrasion resistance performance of the concrete has been researched by experiment.Furthermore,through the application of haydite concrete to the tunnel pavement,it is proved that the haydite concrete can reduce vehicle noises,which is based on the condition that the slab's mechanical performance and abrasion resistance performance are ensured.


In this technical note, the event-based leader-following control is investigated for a multiple non-identical Euler-Lagrange system with a directed graph. An event-triggered observer is provided to estimate the state of a dynamic leader. To avoid continuous interaction among agents, a broadcasting communication mechanism based on models is utilized. Combining with the event-triggered observer, a distributed adaptive tracking control is presented for multiple lagrangian systems with uncertainties such that all nodes asymptotically follow a virtual leader governed by a linear model. Finally, a simulation with 2-degree-of-freedom manipulators is presented to verify the usefulness of our proposed methods.


This paper describes and demonstrates a process for adaptive refinement of quadrilateral curved shell meshes using error estimates from MSC.Nastran. The meshes have been generated originally using Unigraphics'(UG) Scenario application. Although refinement procedures for finite element meshes have been in use for many years, automated procedures have most generally been developed for triangular meshes. Furthermore, the new procedure uses the UG/Parasolid model so that new points created during the process are on the curved part surface. The software demonstrated in this report was developed to the specifications required for automotive applications by the Scientific Computational Research Center of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) as part of General Motors' membership in their Simulation-Based Engineering Program. The software was demonstrated on two realistic automotive body components. Refined quadrilateral meshes were produced which exhibited smooth grading from the refined elements to the coarser, unrefined areas of the mesh.


The surface of an up-conversion luminescence material was modified with carboxyl group in the way of grafting modification. The influencing factors including reaction time, buffer solution and finishing agent's mass were investigated by experiment. This modification method has resolved the problem that when an up-conversion luminescence material is used as fluorescence labeling, it cannot covalently fix biological activity molecules directly. The experimental results show that when the reaction time is 4 h, the PB buffer solution is pH=9.0 and 0.50 mol·L-1, the volume of adding the buffer solution is 50 mL, and the mass ratio of finishing agent to original materials is 12, the surface of an up-conversion luminescence material is mostly modified with activity carboxyl group.


The power factor improvement has a great concern in the distribution system due to large motor installed in industrial system. The capacitor bank was installed to improve the power factor in the distribution system. Due to frequently capacitor bank switching has create transient phenomena in the distribution system and their effects the power quality. The aims of this research to study and simulate the effects of capacitor bank switching in the distribution system. The simulation has been conduct with PSIM software by modelled the system which contain of supply, load and three capacitor bank. The simulation was conducted with two conditions which are single bank and bank to bank switching. For single bank switching peak voltage of phase R reached about 60.9 kV and peak inrush current is reached about 6.7 kA. While for bank to bank switching the peak voltage of phase R reached as high as 59 kV and the peak inrush current is almost 8.2 kA.


This paper proposes a novel technique to forecast day-ahead electricity prices based on the wavelet transform and MPMR models. The historical and usually ill-behaved price series is decomposed using the wavelet transform in a set of better-behaved constitutive series. Then, the future values of these constitutive series are forecast using properly fitted MPMR models. In turn, the MPMR forecasts allow, through the inverse wavelet transform, reconstructing the future behavior of the price series and therefore to forecast prices. Results from the electricity market of California, US in year 1999 are reported. (6 pages)


The cemetery is an architectural and urbanistic organisation of bodies and monuments reflecting a physical, social and cultural context. The bodies and ashes are intended for disappearance in the invisible world while the monuments represent a sign of immortality on the visible side of the world. They are the materialisation of the dead one can lean on for remembrance, grieving process, construction of the individual or collective story.
The autonomy of the cemetery fall within the cultural practice. As symbolic place of rest and pragmatical place of storage, it has is own legal and moral framework. Moreover, these spaces are a powerfull imagination shifter that allows to transit from one world to the other, to get closer to the dead loved ones, to travel in ones own biography, to meditate over ones own finitude. As a place of silence and immobility, it contrasts with other urban public spaces.
But what do the different architectural and urbanistic organisations of bodies and monuments tell us about our relation to death, to the dead and the other living beings ? What community do the bodies and the signs draw spatially? And how do these spatial organisations afford or not certain situations, positions, postures, movements, gestures or attitudes ? Can the cemetery, as figure of intimate urban space, help us to think public space anew?
The notion of ambiance will be usefull to apprehend the complexity of spatial experience and the notion of threshold, thought as articulation of not only spatial but also temporal, practical or symbolical entities, will help us to detect variations in ambiances and reveal the dynamics involved in sensory experience of urban spaces.
Leaning on empirical work on funerary spaces and practices (audio and video recordings, observations, interviews) and a selected litterature, this communication aims to develop the thought that architectures and ambiances support or prevent autonomy of action, movement, gesture.
It means also to reveal how architecture, as science of subtle correspondences (tibetan meaning), and as medium for memory, has a role to play in the fabrication of the individual and common story we are weaving every day.
In the french context of deep transformation of funerary practices and its legal framework, we will present some contemporary design answers, the spatial practices coming out and question theirs moral repercussions.


The synergistic stabilizing effect of gyroviscosity and sheared axial flow on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in Z-pinch implosions is studied by means of the incompressible viscid magneto-hydrodynamic equations.The gyroviscosity(or finite Larmor radius) effects are introduced in the momentum equation through an anisotropic ion stress tensor.Dispersion relation with the effect of a density discontinuity is derived.The results indicate that the short-wavelength modes of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability are easily stabilized by the gyroviscosity effects.The long wavelength modes are stabilized by the sufficient sheared axial flow.However,the synergistic effects of the finite Larmor radius and sheared axial flow can heavily mitigate the Rayleigh-Taylor instability.This synergistic effect can compress the Rayleigh-Taylor instability to a narrow wave number region.Even with a sufficient gyroviscosity and large enough flow velocity,the synergistic effect can completely suppressed the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in whole wave number region.


A study of spatial discretization schemes for the multigroup discrete-ordinates transport equations in slab geometry is described. The purpose of the study is to determine the most computationally efficient method, defined as the one that produces the minimum error for a given cost. Cost is defined as the total amount of computer time required to complete one inner iteration, given a limit on storage, and three error norms are used to measure the accuracies of edge fluxes, cell average fluxes, and integral parameters. Three test problems are studied: the first is a model one-group problem examined in detail, while the second and third are more realistic multigroup problems. One conclusion is that a new method, labeled linear characteristic, significantly outperforms all other methods that have been implemented up to the present time. 15 references.


Abstract : SHARP is a computer-oriented information storage and retrieval system developed to resolve some of the problems inherent in the handling, storage, and retrieval of scientific and technical literature at the Bureau of Ships Technical Library. The computer is being used to automate to a high degree (1) bibliographic searches, (2) subject matter searches, (3) coordinated searches (combinations of both), (4) issuance of library catalog cards and accessions bulletins, (5) control of periodicals and journals, and (6) other aspects under development such as complete automatic generic computer searching, automatic posting of descriptive terms by the computer in the indexing procedure, and user interest registers. The system is intended to improve the library's capacity to better serve the user and to function as a management and logistics tool for the library. Details of the computer aspects of the indexing scheme, search strategy, thesaurus, computer programs, present research work are reported. Modifications to the system and future plans are indicated. (Author)


Our research was aimed at studying the dynamics of marriage satisfaction in a spousal relationship before and after the child's birth. The research had two stages: 1 stage – married couples were recruited during 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy; 2 stage: the same couples were studied at 6-9 months after their child's birth. Our sample consisted of 220 people (110 couples, officially married or living in a common-law marriage). The study had been conducted in Saint-Petersburg, Russia (80 people, 40 couples) and in Cherepovetz, Russia (140 people, 70 couples). To study the marital relationships on both stages we used Marriage Satisfaction Questionnaire by Stolin, Romanova, Butenko – for the Cherepovetz sample, and Marriage Satisfaction Questionnaire by Alieshina, Gozman, Dubovskaya – for the Saint-Petersburg sample; for both samples we also used projective drawing "My family". The research has shown that the dynamics of marital relations across the transition to parenthood depends on gender and territorial factors: marital satisfaction deteriorate in women, and for men, marital satisfaction is reduced only in metropolitan residents. The level of marriage satisfaction and viewing family relationships as conflictual before the child's birth is the predictor of the level of marriage satisfaction and viewing relationships as conflictual in both groups of men and women from metropolis, but not for women from a smaller city. Initial level of marital relations affects its decline across the transition to parenthood/ © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK


Background: Behavioral disorder is a condition that is caused by individuals experiencing changes in their thoughts and emotions which manifest as challenging behaviors. Objectives : To find out the prevalence rate of behavioral disorders and emotional disorders among school children and the relationship of these disorders with personal variables as well as to socio - demographic factors of the child's family. Design and Subjects: A cross sectional study was conducted at Baquba City during the educational year 2010 - 2011. A t otal of 1500 school children of both male and female were selected by random sampling from nine primary schools. Pupils from the 4 th , 5 th and 6 th of study years at the age between 10 - 12 years old were included in this study. Revised Rutter Scale (RRS) has b een used as a mean for identification and measurement of behavior disorders. Results: Behavioral disorders were found in 24.6% of the school children . Male to female ratio was (2:1). The overall of prevalence rate of conduct disorder was 13.8%. Males to fe males ratio was (3.2:1). Whereas The overall of prevalence rate of emotional disorder s was 10.8, and the ratio of males to females was (1.2:1). The highest percent (45.7%) for conduct disorder was found among school children in the fifth class, while the highest percent (39.5%) for emotional disorder was found among school children of fourth class. The results also reveal that there is a statistical significant association between behavior disorders and some individual factors related to the child and fact ors related to his family . In conclusion , the present study showed a significant behavioral disorder among school children. Also there was evidence of complex interaction between individual and family factors.


Background: Chronic diseases such as stroke require changes in behavior patterns that have long been accepted and lived. The more chronic the stroke suffered will disrupt the patient's ability to engage in activities that support a sense of worth or success, which affects the patient's self-esteem. This study aims to determine the relationship of physical conditions and mechanisms of individual coping with self-esteem post-stroke patients in the clinic nerve RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi. Method : This research is quantitative research with cross sectional method, using accidental sampling technique with sample number 60 respondents. This research was conducted in clinic nerve clinic RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi from 11 to 28 March 2016 Instrument used questionnaire, analyzed by univariate analysis, bivariate and chi-square test. Results : The results of the analysis of 60 respondents, 42 respondents (70%) with low self-esteem, 11 respondents (18.3%) and 7 respondents (11.7%) with high self-esteem, 37 respondents (61.7% ) With physical condition disorder and 23 respondents (38,3%) without physical condition, 39 respondents (65%) had maladaptive coping mechanism and 21 respondents (35%) had adaptive coping mechanism. The result of statistical test shows that there is a significant correlation between physical condition and coping mechanism with self-esteem of post-stroke patient in RSUD Raden Mataher Jambi. Hospital is expected to increase self-esteem post-stroke patients, and psychological support in stroke patients, because it will greatly affect the coping behavior raised by patients.


207 x 149 mm. A view looking north from Fort Jesus and showing part of the town and Older Harbour. Photograph taken circa 1900.


To summarize the results for temperature change test of three roof materials (green urethane waterproofing, PCM, and Cool Roof) conducted in this study are as follows: 1) For outdoor surface temperature, green urethane waterproofing, PCM, and Cool Roof showed a temperature distribution of 58.3℃, 57.3℃, and 53.6℃ respectively. 2) For concrete underneath temperature, green urethane waterproofing, PCM, and Cool Roof showed a temperature distribution of 58.3℃, 35.7℃, and 33.9℃ respectively. 3) For indoor surface temperature passed through concrete, green urethane waterproofing, PCM, and Cool Roof showed a temperature distribution of 35.5℃, 31.9℃, and 31.4℃ respectively. At this time, indoor air temperature of green urethane was 33.1℃, PCM was 31℃, and Cool Roof was 30.5℃


Capelin (Mallotus villosus) and Norway pout (Boregadus esmarkii) raw materials and formic acid silages prepared from them were analysed chernically and the biological values were evaluated in nitrogen balance experiments witli rats. The raw materials of capelin and of pout provided similar weight gains, utilizations and digestibilities in the rat experiments. 7 days old silages from fresh capelin were similar to the raw material. Pout raw material showed better weight gain and protein utilization than the corresponding silages. 7 days old silages prepared from capelin raw material stored for 5 days showed similar weight gains and digestibilities but were less well utilized than silages from the fresher raw materials. All the silages stored for 3 months were less well utilized than the 7 days old silages. The poor utilization of the capelin silages raw material stored for 5 days was reflected in high levels of voiatile nitrogen compounds, reduction in essential amino acids and corresponding content of biogenic amines.


Escalating variations in modern CMOS designs have become a threat to Moore's law. While previous works have proposed techniques for tolerating variations by trading reliability for reduced voltage (energy) [10], the benefits of such techniques are limited, because voltage/reliability tradeoffs in conventional processors often introduce more errors than can be gainfully tolerated [14]. Recent work has proposed circuit and design-level optimizations [14, 15] that manipulate the error rate behavior of a design to increase the potential for energy savings from voltage/reliability tradeoffs. In this paper, we investigate whether architectural optimizations can also manipulate error rate behavior to significantly increase the energy savings from voltage/reliability tradeoffs. To this end, we demonstrate how error rate behavior indeed depends on processor architecture, and that architectural optimizations can be used to manipulate the error rate behavior of a processor. We show that architectural optimizations can significantly enhance voltage/reliability tradeoffs, achieving up to 29% additional energy savings for processors that employ Razor-based error resilience.


The application of aircraft noise technology to the design and operation of aircraft is discussed. Areas of discussion include the setting of target airplane noise levels, operational considerations and their effect on noise, and the sequencing and timing of the design and development process. Primary emphasis is placed on commercial transport aircraft of the type operated by major airlines. Additionally, noise control engineering of other types of aircraft is briefly discussed.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of the technology acceptance model in the media environment by using the mediating role of artificial intelligence and the cloud computing approach.

Design/methodology/approach
After reviewing the theoretical foundations, a conceptual model framework and research hypotheses were formed. The statistical population of the study included managers, deputies and experts from the National Iranian Oil Company, and a statistical sample of 368 people was selected by simple random sampling.

Findings
The results of structural equation modelling with PLS 2.0 software show a positive and significant effect on the artificial intelligence variable in the technology acceptance model with the cloud approach. Artificial intelligence has opened a new space in the digital world, especially in the media, so that its profound impact is quite evident and has affected people's lives.

Originality/value
The acceleration of various technologies has severely challenged the approach of organizations, especially the media. The media environment with word of the technologies of the Industry 4.0, especially cloud computing technology, has changed the ways of accessing and using products and services.


The paper mainly studies the design and certification of quadrature NCO realized by DDS and multiplication based on FPGA, sin and cos sequences are produced by DDS, and the two output sequences then multiplicate with the input digital sequence, after by LPF we can get the results of quadrature NCO.in which, the wave amplitude are stored in memory of on-chip EAB.The emulational function of QUARTUS are enganced by MATLAB, and the result is rounded and intuitionistic.


In this work, we compare alternative 3DIC partitioning methodologies, in terms of slack, number of inter-tier vias, Tier Area Ratio (TAR) and HPWL design parameters. The popular 3DIC postplacement, bin-based Fidducia-Mattheyses (FM) partitioning flow is used as a baseline for comparison. While the latter does produce a minimum number of inter-tier vias, for a specified FM area balance, their number cannot be directly constrained. This behavior motivated us to investigate a different 3DIC partitioning scheme, based on post-placement 3D legalisation, where the legaliser is capable of spreading cells across all available tiers for minimum displacement or HPWL. In contrast to bin-based FM, in 3D legalisation, the number of inter-tier vias can be directly constrained, albeit at the expense of TAR. The 3D legalisation partitioning scheme can expose a continuous trade off between the available number of intertier vias and design parameters. An unconstrained number of vias, which produce the best 3D gains in design parameters, while constraining the numbers of vias will trade them off with lower 3D gains. Results for three 3DIC partitioning flows are presented, on four OpenCores benchmarks, and the achieved trade offs between number of inter-tier vias and slack, TAR and HPWL parameters, per flow, are described.


Correct handling of the state,collectives,and individuals working relationship between material and interests,is an important part of economic theory of Mao Zedong Thought.It is of far-reaching practical significance for the ongoing construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics,promote the realization of comprehensive and harmonious development of economic society.