The work presented here was part of the EU project DRUID. Since there is so much literature about the effects of psychoactive substances (especially of alcohol) on human performance and driving behaviour, substance-specific meta-analyses were conducted to combine the results of experimental studies. For the analyses, studies on alcohol, medicines (antipsychotics, anxiolytics, hypnotives and sedatives, antidepressants, antihistamines) and illegal drugs (amphetamines, cocaine, cannabis) have been considered. The aim was to establish a quantitative estimation of the effects on driving-related performance. The results of the meta-analysis on alcohol served as reference for the other substances. Hence for the first time alcohol-equivalent concentration levels of impairment could be calculated for the most relevant psychoactive substances in traffic. The paper shows the results of alcohol and exemplarily of Flunitrazepam. The results of other substances can be found in Deliverable 1.1.2b by Berghaus, Sticht & Grellner (2011) on the DRUID website (http://www.druid-project.com). Based on about 20,000 experimental findings, time-/dose-dependent and concentration-dependent profiles were established for 33 psychoactive substances. These profiles give information for example about the intensity or the duration of impairment. Moreover, by the meta-analytic approach, it is possible to compare performance impairment of medicines or illegal drugs with equivalent concentrations of alcohol. However, it was not possible to use the meta-analytical approach for studies with multiple substance administrations or with patients. There were too few studies per agent and per disease and studies were also too heterogeneous with respect to test design (dose, frequency, period of time of administration, etc.) or to intensity of disease, patients, medical therapy, control group, etc. Thus, all data are related to single applications to healthy subjects, comparable to the recreational use of a psychoactive substance. The results must consequently be seen as a depiction of the "worst case", because only the negative effects of a medicine might occur. The results are of particular importance for physicians and patients with respect to medicine administration (dose, time of administration) at the beginning of a therapy in order to avoid unsafe driving. A first impression regarding the danger of a medicine for traffic safety can be given. Though, in reality, the traffic-related danger of a medicament depends, of course, on more influencing variables than only on performance impairment, for example on the prevalence of a medicine in traffic.


OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to assess mothers' perceived satisfaction with professional support during the first 2 weeks after childbirth and the extent to which mothers seek emergency care during the same period.

DESIGN
A cross-sectional study was conducted of all mothers (n = 546) in Stockholm County, Sweden, who gave birth to a live baby during the same week in 2009.

ETHICAL ISSUES
The study was approved by the regional Research and Ethics Committee at the Karolinska Insititutet, Sweden.

METHODS
The mothers responded to a study-specific questionnaire on perceived satisfaction with professional support and the sense of coherence scale, which measures coping strategies. The mothers also provided information about their socio-demographic background, obstetric and infant data, and visits to hospital emergency departments. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed.

RESULTS
Fifty-three percent of the mothers rated the support received as sufficient or more than sufficient, 29.7% as neither sufficient nor insufficient and 17.7% as insufficient or completely insufficient. The results indicate a lack of continuity in postpartum care. As many as 17% of the mothers in the study population visited hospital emergency departments during the first 2 weeks after childbirth, as a result of problems related to delivery, breastfeeding or infant health. A higher frequency of such emergency visits was associated with poor perception of professional support, low sense of coherence and delivery complications.

CONCLUSIONS
Relative to otherwise comparable mothers, mothers who experience complications with delivery are less satisfied with professional support and turn more frequently to hospital emergency departments for support.


An experimental analysis using three-dimensional laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) measurement and computational analysis using the Reynolds stress model in FLUENT are conducted to give a clear understanding of the effect of blade loading on the structure of tip leakage flow in a forward-swept axial-flow fan operating at the maximum efficiency condition (o=0.25) and two off-design conditions (o=0.21 and 0.30). As the blade loading increases, the onset position of the rolling-up of tip leakage flow moves upstream and the trajectory of tip leakage vortex center is more inclined toward the circumferential direction. Because the casing boundary layer becomes thicker and the mixing between the through-flow and the leakage jet with the different flow direction is enforced, the stream wise vorticity decays more fast with the blade loading increasing. A distinct tip leakage vortex is observed downstream of the blade trailing edge at o=0.30, but it is not observed at o=0.21 and 0.25.


Databases are the main need for every computer application to store, process and modify data. One important problem faced in databases is the availability of adequate information technology infrastructure in managing and securing data contained in the database. Data stored on the database must have protection against threats and disturbances. Threats and disruptions can result from a variety of things, such as maintenance, data damage, and natural disasters. To anticipate data loss and damage, replication of the database system needs to be done. The replication mechanism used by researchers is multi-master replication. The replication technique is able to form a database cluster with replication time of fewer than 0.2 seconds.


Objective To investigate whether nobiletin could enhance chemotherapeutic drug-induced cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in breast carcinoma cells MDA-MB-231 in vitro.Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to nobiletin and different chemotherapeutic drugs at different concentration.The cell proliferation inhibitory rate was observed by MTT,apoptosis was detected by DNA Ladder,flow cytometry (FCM),and ELISA,and an NF-κB electrophoretic mobility shift was conducted by EMSA and ELISA.Results The combination of nobiletin (20 μmol) with Taxol (1 nmol) or Doxorubicin (50 ng/mL) resulted in a significant inhibitory rate of cell growth and more apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells of 75.1% and 82.6% compared with either of them alone (40% and 45%),respectively.DNA Ladder and FCM assay showed that nobiletin could promote the cell apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic drug.EMSA and ELISA assay showed that nobiletin could inhibit NF-κB activity in nuclear and cytoplasm of MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusion The current results suggest that nobiletin could enhance the inhibition of chemotherapeutic drug on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis of breast carcinoma cells MDA-MB-231,the mechanism may be related to down-regulate the NF-κB activity in vitro.


Practically every building was destroyed or badly damaged. The brick and stone business blocks, together with the public buildings, collapsed. The Court House, Hall of Records, the Occidental and Santa Rosa Hotels, the Athenaeum Theatre, the new Masonic Temple, Odd Fellows' Block, all the banks, everything went. In the city, not one brick or stone building was left, except the California Northwestern Depot. The list of damage continues:


In order to avoid rind damage following postharvest UV-C light treatment on sensible Citrus cultivars the illumination was performed after heat conditioning (HT). Experiments were performed with lemons (Citrus limon 'di Massa') harvested twice (April and June), graded and divided into 6 sets (each of 180 fruit) according to HT duration (hours) as follows: I) none; II) 3h; III) 6h; IV) 12h; V) 24h; and VI) 36h. HT was performed in a ventilated room at 36°C under saturated RH conditions. After HT, half of the fruit (90 lemons) of each set was treated with 6 kJ m -2 and half remained un-illuminated. Then, all fruit was stored for 2 months at 5°C and 90±5% RH, followed by a 6-day simulated marketing period (SMP) at 20°C and 75% RH. After 1 month, at the end of storage and SMP rind damage was scored and the percentage of decay monitored. Rind disorders caused by UV-C illumination varied upon harvest time and HT duration. In the combined treatments the restrain of UV-C induced damage was achieved from 12h HT on, and among 12, 24 and 36h of HT differences were not significant. Fruit subjected to 24 or 36h HT were free of rind disorders at the end of the experiment. During storage rots were mainly caused by Penicillium italicum while P. digitatum was the main cause of decay during the SMP. The combined treatments had synergistic interaction in controlling the decay when HT was performed for 12, 24 or 36h. The greatest weight loss after 1 month of storage was found in fruit subjected to 24 and 36h of HT followed by the UV-C illumination while, after 2 months and following SMP differences among treatments were negligible.


Abstract A preparative useful route to ethyl 1,2,3,4-7,8-hexahydro-1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-6H-[1,3]-thiazino [2,3-f]-purine-8-carboxylate and its [3,2-e] isomer by base-promoted cyclization of corresponding {[2-(p-toluenesulfonyl-oxy)ethyl]theopbyllin-8-yl)thioglycolates is described.


We explore the influence that limb darkening and stellar activity have in the determination of planetary parameters, highlighting the impact that they have in space-based surveys, such as CoRoT.


Protection from COVID-19 infection has been a major challenge and priority to protect the health and life of people around the globe. In clinical trials, vaccination has shown to protect people from severe COVID-19 infection and reduce both morbidity and mortality. At the time of writing this article, mRNA-based vaccines were being used as new form of vaccination against the COVID-19 infection. As this is a new method of vaccination, full information about managing cases with allergy to the vaccine was not clearly available. So, any form of allergic response was considered contraindication for the future doses of the mRNA based COVID-19 vaccines. A 35 years old female received 2nd dose COVID-19 mRNA vaccine as per vaccination plan in a healthcare center. She developed features of allergic reaction and anaphylaxis including urticarial rash, intense itching of whole body, tightness in the chest, hypotension, reduced central pulse volume, decreased level of consciousness and grunting.  Immediate anaphylaxis diagnosis with level 1 certainty of Brighton Anaphylaxis scoring and management with Epinephrin, Hydrocortisone and IV fluids was    undertaken. Patient was stabilized and transferred to secondary care for further management. The use of mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 had initial uncertainties about allergic reactions, severity of allergic reactions, the patients for future allergic reaction and dealing with these patients about future vaccine doses. We presented a case with history of previous immediate mild rash to 1st COVID-19 mRNS vaccine dose and subsequent anaphylaxis following 2nd dose of the same mRNS vaccine.


Sealing types usually adopted in industrial compressor are introduced,expound sealing principle of four types,and conpare the features of axle end sealing in high speed turbine compressor,analyse the developing trend of axle end sealing in process gas compressor used in petrochemical industry,provide necessary theoretical guidance for practical manufacture in compressor use and maintenance.


Introduction In the United States, guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma were published by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1992, and the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) by WHO (World Health Organization) and the NIH/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in 1995.1 Since the introduction of these guidelines, the numbers of hospitalizations and asthma attacks decreased markedly, suggesting that these guidelines were principally appropriate. The Japanese Society for Allergology also introduced guidelines for the management of bronchial asthma in 1993, which were revised in 19952 and 1998.3 These guidelines recommended that each individual should be treated according to the severity of his or her own illness. It is, however, obvious that precise evaluation of the severity of illness requires consideration of the treatment that subjects are receiving. Therefore, the Japanese Society of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology proposed a scoring system for treatment in its guidelines for the prevention and management of asthma, published in 1998.3 In this scoring system, each medical treatment was given a point, and the sum of points in a given patient was defined as the treatment point. The proper application of this scoring system is helpful for clinicians to get more precise information on the illness. However, information about this scoring system is still limited and further studies will be required to establish how to utilize this scoring system to improve not only the daily clinical management of patients with asthma, but also the quality of clinical


A novel electrode structure of DOS is proposed by employing two asymmetrical electrodes to Z-cut LiNbO_3 at the beginning of the Y branch, resulting in considerable decrease of the crosstalk due to the increase of the intensity of the electrical field in the Y branch strongly coupling region. BPM is used to simulate the performance of this structure, it shows that compared to the symmetric electrode structure, the crosstalk decrease by 6 dB when the switching voltage is about 6 V. And it decrease to less than -20 dB when the switching voltage is between 6~9 V.


To determine whether a relationship between marriage transactions and the value on virginity exists it is necessary to understand the varying effect that marriage transactions (the movement of goods (most usually) or services at the time of marriage) have on the transmission or retention of property and on the social debts incurred thereby. The types of marriage transactions include: bridewealth goods given by the groom usually with the assistance of his kin to the brides family; brideservice which provides payment in labor rather than goods. The benefit of brideservice goes directly to the brides household and is not circulated like bridewealth goods; and gift exchange where relatively equal amounts are exchanged between the families of the bride and groom a method for ensuring that the intermarrying families are of the same social status. Status is a major consideration in dowry giving societies. Indirect dowry has the grooms family usually giving goods to the brides father who then gives goods to the new couple. Information on attitudes toward premarital sex for females or the value placed on virginity comes from 2 sources: 1) "Attitude Toward Premarital Sex (Female)" in Broude and Greene (1980) covering 186 preindustrial societies and 2) data collected by Herbert Barry and the author on adolescent socialization in Standard Sample societies not coded by Broude and Greene collected on adolescent behavior not cultural attitudes. Overall virginity is valued in those societies in which young men may seek to better their chances in life by allying themselves through marriage to a wealthy or powerful family. In preserving a daughters virginity a family is protecting her from seduction impregnation and paternity claims on her child and protecting the family from socially or economically unsuitable suitors.


cases of psoriasis treated with bacterial vaccine S 311 for 4 weeks,cured 11,mark effected 15 effected 12.total effect rate 90 48%.


As the IT infrastructure complexity and pervasiveness grows, autonomic computing can greatly simplify its deployment and usage. Essentially, the goal of autonomic computing is to shift the burden of management of the component systems from the user to the system. In order to accomplish this, autonomic computing demands that the system be able to accept high level policies, analyze them, and provide meaningful feedback to simplify the usage of the infrastructure by domain experts and minimize human involvement in the loop. Policies, in general are defined at a higher level in terms of business objects, their attributes, and operations. On the other hand managed resources, on which the policies are finally going to execute, have their own access control lists to limit the operations that an application user can perform. As a result, many policies which are syntactically and semantically correct, may fail to execute at run time due to ACL violations. This paper describes an approach wherein the information on access control provided at the managed resources level is leveraged to check for policy executability and provide meaningful feedback in case there are problems. This is done at policy specification time as opposed to runtime, which is not desirable, as is typically done by current systems. Furthermore, this avoids redundant access control specifications which can lead to inconsistencies in addition to being a burden on the user. A pragmatic approach for checking policy executability from an access control viewpoint and providing several types of feedback are the focus of this paper


A deep drawing die, employed in the manufacturing of an automotive shock absorber endcap, presented a premature wear in a part of the region of contact with the blank. This led to unacceptable scratching and surface finish in the produced endcaps, resulting in an excessive scrap rate and undesirable finishing operations in order to repair the defects, when possible at all. A finite element analysis (FEA) of the deep drawing operation was performed, in order to analyze the causes of the premature wear. Initially, parts produced in a new die and in a worn die were compared. The loads and strains in the endcap and in the dies were then evaluated, through a finite element simulation utilizing the DEFORM 7.0 software. The validation of the simulation was performed through a comparison of the experimental measurements of the thickness of the part with those supplied by the numerical simulation. The validated FEA model indicated a high radial stress in the die, which was close to the acceptable level for the die material. Two different geometries of the punch were then analyzed, involving an increased gap between the die and the punch at the moment when high stresses were observed in the die. This allowed a significant reduction in die loading, without loss of final product geometry.


In february 1983. we have observed the Satellites of Saturn and Minor Planets at the ESO, La Silla, Chile. The instrument GRO (D=40cm; f=4m) was used. Having clear skies, magnitude 18 could be attained. Measures and reductions were performed at the Observatoire royal de Belgique with the Ascorecord measuring machine (0,1µ) and by means of five reference stars on the UNIVAC computer of the Royal Institute of Meteorology (SAO Star Catalogue, Least Squaras and Dependences Methods).


Aim
We (1) investigate the relationship between range size and body size for all Australian freshwater fish, (2) test whether this relationship changes with dispersal capacity, (3) assess whether this macroecological pattern can be used to detect potentially vulnerable, but currently unprotected, species, and (4) identify hotspots of freshwater fish conservation concern in Australia.

Location
All Australian river basins.

Methods
We test for relationships between geographic range size and body size in all Australian freshwater fishes, using quantile regression. We then investigate how these relationships vary with conservation status and dispersal capacity. We identify currently unlisted freshwater fishes that share traits with currently listed species and map their distribution, along with freshwater fish research effort, across Australia.

Results
We found a positive, triangular relationship between range size and body size. Potamodromous species and species endemic to New Guinea and Australia had the largest geographic ranges, while diadromous and globally distributed species had the smallest geographic ranges. For a given body size, conservation-listed species had a range less than one-tenth the size of unlisted species. Based on this relationship, we identified 55 species that may be vulnerable to extinction. Most of these species are restricted to northern Australia, a climatically sensitive and poorly researched region on the verge of major development.

Main conclusion
Despite differences in environments, levels of connectivity and life-history strategies, freshwater fishes exhibit a positive relationship between geographic range size and body size consistent with that found in terrestrial fauna. By identifying northern Australia as a hotspot of potentially vulnerable species, we provide an important context for guiding targeted research and informing future conservation management of Australia's freshwater fishes. We suggest macroecological relationships are likely to be useful for identifying species at risk of extinction across most taxa when detailed ecological data are absent.


As part of an intervention study in 3 hospital laundries, 157 workers (83.5% response) completed questionnaires about musculoskeletal symptoms and psychosocial factors. Symptom prevalence was compared using 3 "case definitions". Prevalence rates varied depending upon the "case definition" with 73% reporting "any" pain, 71% reporting pain ≥3 time in the year or ≥5 days duration (Hunting), 57% reporting pain in the last 7 days (Nordic-week) and 54% reporting pain ≥12 times or ≥7 days in the last year and ≥mod***erate intensity (NIOSH). When compared with psychosocial scores, there were significant differences for all body parts using the Nordic-week and NIOSH definition. For the upper limbs, only the Nordic-week was significant and for the back, the Hunting and NIOSH were significant with psychosocial scores. Analyzed individually, variety in work tasks and mental exhaustion after work were significantly different between "cases" and "non-cases". The "case definition" used determines not only prevalence of MSD, but significance of psychosocial variables as well.


A process capability study was made to evaluate the capability of the Mettler DWA Automatic Filling Balance to dispense desired weights of material. Under ideal or relatively normal conditions the balance met the manufacturer's stated rating. For somewhat abnormal material, the rating was not quite met. An additional calculation is given to indicate expected improvement if abnormal material could be weighed under ideal conditions.


Control of East Coast fever (ECF) depends on the use of acaricides against ticks, chemotherapy and vaccination. ECF vaccination is based on an infection and treatment method (ITM), which induces life-long immunity if cattle are exposed to mild tick infestation. However, ECF vaccination has several limitations, such as high cost of simultaneously used antibiotics. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether Toll-like receptor 7(TLR7) agonist could effectively induce strong immunity in calves prior to ECF vaccination and replace the use of long acting tetracycline. Twenty crossbred calves were split into 4 groups; adjuvant (N=10), vaccinated (N=4), infected (N=4) and control (N=2). Stimulation of calves with TLR7 agonist induced a strong innate response in terms of a rapid rise in temperature, skin inflammatory response and pronounced swelling of the lymph node in calves. TLR7-priming induced a significant impact on the response of the calves to subsequent T. parva infection. In comparison to the infected group, lymphocyte counts were higher in calves which received the adjuvant. Furthermore, the combined effect of TLR7 agonist stimulation and T. parva parasite challenge induced a high level of IFN-gamma response almost similar to the response shown by ECF vaccinated calves. Similarly, the adjuvant group attained higher antibody level earlier than the infected control calves. Based on the clinical signs observed from day 14 onwards, calves which received TLR7 agonist developed milder disease signs compared to the infected control calves, which were all treated against ECF on day 18. Only one calf out of ten TLR7-primed calves developed clinical disease signifying a potential adjuvant role of the agonist in ECF vaccination. Possibly the adjuvant acted in this mechanism. This study has demonstrated a practical application TLR7 agonist in ECF vaccination, without simultaneous use of antibiotics.


The objective of this study is to determine the analytic expressions of the Helmholtz free energy, the equilibrium vacancy concentration, the melting temperature, the jumps of volume, enthalpy the mean nearest neighbor distance and entropy at melting point, the Debye temperature for the BCC defective, the limiting temperature of absolute stability for the crystalline state, and for the perfect binary interstitial alloy. The results obtained from the expressions are combined with the statistical moment method, the limiting condition of the absolute stability at the crystalline state, the Clausius–Clapeyron equation, the Debye model and the Gruneisen equation. Our numerical calculations of obtained theoretical results were carried out for alloy WSi under high temperature and pressure. Our calculated melting curve and relation between the melting temperature and the silicon concentration for WSi are in good agreement with other calculations. Our calculations for the jumps of volume, enthalpy and entropy, and the Debye temperature for WSi predict and orient experimental results in the future.


The problems existing in staff education are discussed,and its reasons and effect on the deepening reform of an enterprise are analyzed,and the idea of developing staff education are proposed,firstly,the concept should is changed,and secondly,the mode of teaching is reformed.


In the far-field, the Gaussian vortex beam is just a sum of the TE and TM terms. The TE and TM terms are called the vectorial structure. The vectorial structural properties of a Gaussian vortex beam, which are related to the energy flux distributions of the Gaussian vortex beam and its TE and TM terms, are investigated in the far-field. The analytical expressions of the energy flux distributions of the Gaussian vortex beam and its TE and TM terms are derived in the far-field. The integral expressions of the power, the beam widths, the divergence angles, and the kurtosis parameters of the TE term, the TM term, and the Gaussian vortex beam are also derived in the far-field, which are concise and convenient to calculate. The relations of the beam widths, the far-field divergence angles, and the kurtosis parameters among the TE term, the TM term, and the Gaussian vortex beam are presented, respectively. The energy flux distributions of the Gaussian vortex beam and its TE and TM terms are demonstrated in the far-field plane. The influences of the beam parameters and the topological charge on the contributions of the TE and TM terms to the whole power, the beam widths, the far-field divergence angles, and the kurtosis parameters are numerically examined.


Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a potential complication of tubal sterilization, but what determines the magnitude of risk for EP? Investigators conducted a


This paper analysis the effects of the EU enlargement process on: 1) trade between the EU and the CEECs (trade creation); 2) EU imports from middle-income developing countries and CEEC imports from the OECD (trade diversion); 3) intra-EU and intraCEEC trade (trade displacement). It is shown that the enlargement process has resulted in significant trade creation and limited trade diversion. However, we have not been able to identify any trade displacement. The gravity model applied has enabled us to identify the effects of the integration process in different time periods and country groupings, which is important due to the gradual liberalization of trade. We have found important differences between groups of countries and time periods. JEL classification: F14; F15


High-speed plasma plays an important role in diverse areas. Plasma flow with a sufficiently high speed to arouse compression is usually not in thermal equilibrium, and the plasma characteristics are closely coupled with the flow field. The relation between the flow and the plasma parameters, especially the distributions of electron density, i.e. n e, and the electron temperature, i.e. T e, are of ultimate importance; however, this is not yet completely understood. In this work, a weakly compressible plasma jet produced by an arc torch is diagnosed using a Langmuir triple probe. The two-dimensional distributions of n e and T e are obtained consisting of 80 spatial points under arc currents of 70–100 A. The spatial patterns of the distributions demonstrate alternative expansion–compression wave structures. As the arc power increases, the wave structures remain almost unchanged, while n e increases monotonically. Moreover, in some regions T e decreases with the arc power, which has seldom been reported in the literature. In addition, the peaks of the radial distributions of T e always deviate from the central axis. These results are compared with previous works of strongly compressible plasma flows. The phenomena are then analyzed and explained from the perspective of fluid wave-plasma interactions and the actions of the ambipolar field in the electrons.


Bacterial vaginosis is an imbalance because of the vagina caused by micro-ecological balance,an increase in vaginal discharge,white with Anabaena odor and genital itching burning a syndrome.Its distinguishing feature is the lack of in-?ammation of the vagina,it is called instead of vaginitis vaginosis.Its etiology is characterized by pathogenic anaerobic bacte-ria and Gardnerella overgrown,while the anaerobic lactic acid bacteria growth was inhibited,so called bacterial vaginosis.When women with bacterial vaginosis,the clinical examination can be seen in patients with vaginal secretions often thin,showing gray,evenly distributed in the anterior and lateral wall of the vagina,with foam,multi-department gases produced by anaerobic metabolism induced.On the contrary,the normal women,vaginal discharge is white,?oc,sticky,mainly accumulate in the poste-rior fornix.For this reason,this paper,case studies in our hospital on the basis of bacterial vaginosis compared.


Scholars in critical race and the sociology of religion have independently drawn attention to the ways in which cultural ideologies drive beliefs about inequalities between groups. Critical race work on "abstract liberalism" highlights non-racially inflected language that tacitly reinforces White socioeconomic outcomes resulting from an allegedly fair social system. Sociologists of religion have noted that White Evangelical Christian theology promotes an individualist mindset that places blame for racial inequalities on the perceived failings of Blacks. Using data from the National Asian American Survey 2016, we return to this question and ask whether beliefs about the importance of equal opportunity reveal similarities or differences between religious Asian American and Latino Christians and Black and White Christians. The results confirm that White Christians are generally the least supportive of American society providing equal opportunity for all. At the other end, Black Christians were the most supportive. However, with the inclusion of Asian American Christian groups, we note that second generation Asian American and Latino Evangelicals hew closer to the White Christian mean, while most other Asian and Latino Christian groups adhere more closely to the Black Christian mean. This study provides further support for the recent claims of religion's complex relationship with other stratifying identities. It suggests that cultural assimilation among second generation non-Black Evangelical Christians heads more toward the colorblind racist attitudes of many White Christians, whereas potential for new coalitions of Latino and Black Christians could emerge, given their shared perceptions of the persistent inequality in their communities.


Purpose: This research examines the importance of an uplift marketing model compared to traditional response models, used in direct marketing.
Research Methodology: A multi-method research approach was used which included a survey using an electronic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview.
Results: The research findings reveal that the value of employing uplift models in direct marketing. is that it factors change in behaviour from the action, which traditional response models do not.
Limitation: The study was conducted in a single institution and focused only on scustomers with banking needs.
Contribution: By employing an uplift model in direct marketing it is possible to increase marketing return-on-investment and positively impact brand loyalty and brand perception. Thus, marketers need to be cognizant of these findings and strategize accordingly.
Keywords: Direct marketing, Customer management, Marketing model, Marketing communication


Polysulfone(PSF) ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by phase inversion process with polysulfone(PSF) as the material of the membranes and PEG as additives.The polysulfone membranes were modified by UV irradiation and the changes on the structure and properties were studied by measuring the strength of break,contact angle,FTIR,SEM,flux and interception.It was proved by the results that the PSF ultrafiltration membrane gained better properties after modifying by UV irradiation.


Same as other product brands, it is very important for jewelry brands to correctly identify customer characteristics, and seek high level service quality, and develop products that can set apart from competitions in order to increase customer satisfaction and strengthen repurchase intention. This study, in consideration of these pruduct characteristics, aims to verify whether service quality and/or product traits impact customer satisfaction. In addition, the study investigates whether customer trait plays a role of moderator in its effect on customer satisfaction. Finally, the study provides useful theoretical and practical implications on customer segmentation strategies that are contingent upon customer characteristics.


The Fock‐space coupled‐cluster method with single and double excitations (CCSD or SUB2) is applied to the calculation of the electron affinities of all five halogen elements, F–At. Excellent agreement with experiment is obtained, the average error being 0.04 eV. The inclusion of triple excitations for F and Cl spoils the agreement. Comparison with other methods is made.


Objective To assess the nutritional status and obesity levels of primary and secondary students in Zongyang county of Anhui province.MethodsIn 2007,a cross-sectional survey(physical examination) was performed for the primary and middle school students in the county town and a township in Zongyang county,Anhui province,and the results were analyzed.ResultsAmong 19 523 primary and middle school students,the malnutrition rates for boys and girls were 27.38% and 25.70%(χ2 = 7.03,P0.01),respectively,the obesity rates were 2.46% and 1.95%(χ2 = 5.84,P 0.05),respectively.The malnutrition rate of the students from the county town was 23.00%,which was lower than that(29.11%) of the students from the township(χ2 = 90.52,P0.01),but the obesity rate was higher(χ2 = 61.06,P0.01).ConclusionThe malnutrition rate and obesity rate of primary students were higher than those of middle school students.


Tools pediatricians can use in tobacco cessation counseling; the role of pediatric clinicians in tobacco control and community health; and pharmacotherapy and reimbursement were among the topics addressed at the third Dissemination of Best Practices to Promote Smoke Free Homes conference.

Held Feb


Health is priceless, although to recover or maintain it is necessary to incur high costs. Therefore, economics and health must be an inseparable binomial. It is emphasized that health economy not only deals with the economic analysis of costs and efficiency, but is also interested in the quality of its services, the benefits achieved, equity, quality of life and the degree of satisfaction of the population. Emphasis should be placed on an efficient allocation of limited resources, and the best patient care at the lowest possible cost. The application of economic evaluation methods is becoming increasingly necessary for decision making with the aim of increasing the efficiency and equity of health services.


Herein, three-dimensional mesoporous graphene conductive networks supporting bimetallic PtAg alloyed nanoparticles (i.e. PtAg/3DMGS) with a superior composited nanostructure have been fabricated for advanced oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts. The unique architecture of 3D porous graphene exhibits a high surface area (1382 m2 g−1), a well-defined mesoporous structure (an average pore size of 3.28 nm), as well as an excellent electronic conductivity (1350 S m−1). Inside the PtAg/3DMGS, high-density and ultrafine PtAg NPs (∼2.5 nm) were well dispersed on the porous surface of 3DMGS. The combination of ultrafine PtAg NPs and 3DMGS conductive networks provides a relatively stable macroporous composite architecture, which offers convenient binary channels for both electron transport and ion diffusion. This promising PtAg/3DMGS composite material reveals an ultrahigh mass activity (at 0.9 V) of 392 mA mgPt−1, which is nearly 4 times that of Pt/C (TKK) (102 mA mgPt−1). After 1000 CV cycles, the retention rates of mass activity are 81.6% and 66.7% for PtAg/3DMGS and Pt/C (TKK), respectively. These results demonstrate that the PtAg/3DMGS composite material is a promising electrocatalyst with high catalytic activity and high stability for the oxygen reduction reaction.


As educators, psychologists, social workers, and others concerned with the development of children and youth, we are faced with a fundamental contradiction of our professions. On the one hand, children desperately need our help. Children, especially poor and minority children, need to be more developed today than the children of twenty, ten, or even five years ago in order to negotiate a world full of hardship, crisis, instability, and violence.' Increasing poverty, drugs, AIDS, and racism are just a few of the critical social problems that impact negatively on the development of children and youth. In ever increasing numbers, our young people are not learning even the essentials of literacy, mathematics, history, geography, and science; nor are they learning to be critical thinkers. They are frequently abused by teachers and other adults, and, just


This study is concerned with a new reverse-cycle hot gas method using phase change thermal energy storage(TES) to eliminate frost in an air-source heat pump(ASHP),which can effectively solve the shortage of defrosting energy.The feasibility of defrosting was investigated through experiments and the modes' performances were compared with a norminal 850 W capacity ASHP system conventional reverse-cycle hot gas defrosting method.The results have indicated that thermal energy storage based reverse-cycle hot gas method can improve the discharge and suction pressure and shorten defrosting time in defrosting.In defrosting operation,the TES defrosting method can improve discharge and suction pressure by 0.25 MPa and 0.15 MPa respectively,and shorten defrosting time by 60% in the tested environment,relative to the conventional reverse-cycle hot gas defrosting method.


Patients with myasthenia gravis can have antibodies against skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (Ry1), the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium‐release channel, which plays a crucial role in excitation–contraction coupling. We have screened a panel of overlapping Ry1 fusion proteins with Ry1 antibody–containing myasthenia gravis sera to identify the main immunogenic region. The pc2 Ry1 fusion protein representing a Ry1 region close to the N‐terminus (residues 799–1172) was identified as the main immunogenic region for the antibodies. The binding kinetics of the Ry1 antibodies to the pc2 Ry1 fusion protein were tested using an optical biosensor. Ry1 antibodies in the IgG fraction from sera of patients with myasthenia gravis bound with high affinity and with a stoichiometry of 1:1. The functional effect of these Ry1 antibodies was tested in an in vitro Ca2+‐release assay. The Ry1 antibodies induced a twofold increase of the half‐maximal concentration for 4‐Cl‐m‐cresol–induced Ca2+ release from terminal cisternae vesicles but had no effect on Vmax. The effect on 4‐Cl‐m‐cresol–induced Ca2+ release was specific, as preincubation of the active IgG fraction with the pc2 Ry1 fusion protein abolished the inhibition. These data suggest that the Ry1 sequence defined by residues 799–1172 is involved in the regulation of Ry1 function, and that this regulation could be functionally affected in vivo in patients with myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve 27: 81–89, 2003


We present analysis of Hubble Space Telescope (HST ) planetary camera images of 20 L dwarfs identiÐed in the course of the Two Micron All Sky Survey. Four of the targets, 2MASSW J0746425]200032, 2MASSs J0850359]105716, 2MASSW J0920122]351742, and 2MASSW J1146345]223053, have faint red companions at separations between and (1.6È7.6 AU). Ground-based infrared imaging con0A.07 0A.29 Ðrms the last as a common proper motion companion. The surface density of background sources with comparable colors is extremely low, and we identify all four as physical binaries. In three cases, the bolometric magnitudes of the components di†er by less than 0.3 mag. Since the cooling rate for brown dwarfs is a strong function of mass, similarity in luminosities implies comparable masses. The faint component in the 2M0850 system, however, is over 1.3 mag fainter than the primary in the I band and D0.8 mag fainter in Indeed, 2M0850B is D0.8 mag fainter in I than the lowest luminosity L dwarf Mbol. currently known, while the absolute magnitude we deduce at J is almost identical with for Gl 229B. M J We discuss the implications of these results for the temperature scale in the L/T transition region. 2M0850 is known to exhibit 6708 Li I absorption, indicating that the primary has a mass less than Ó 0.06 Theoretical models predict that the magnitude di†erence implies a mass ratio of B0.75. The M _ . apparent binary fraction of the current sample, 20%, is comparable to the results of previous surveys of late-type M dwarfs in the Ðeld and in the Hyades. However, the mean separation of the L dwarf binaries in the current sample is smaller than the M dwarf value by a factor of 2, and only one system would be detected at the distance of the Hyades. We discuss the likely binary frequency among L dwarfs in light of these new data.


Experimental studies of gaseous fuel re-burning process and the burnout characteristics of coal are performed in an one-dimensional furnace and a 93 kW single-burner furnace when four coals including two low-volatile lean coals served as the primary fuel.The profiles of NO_x concentration are also measured and analyzed.It is found that the injection position of the gaseous re-burnt fuel should be higher NO_x concentration to improve the NO_x reduction efficiency.The experimental results show that both NO_x reduction and low carbon loss of 50%or above can be obtained in the gaseous re-burning process when the residence time in the re-burning zone is about 0.7~0.9 s and the percentage of gaseous re-burning fuel is about 10%~15%,even though the primary fuel is a low-volatile coal.


Research purposes:The main bridge of Sixianjiao Bridge of Guiyang-Guangzhou Railway is a 58.5+109.25+230+109.25+58.5m four tracks railway cable-stayed bridge and it is the first time for the four tracks railway bridge in China to adopt two main truss large span wild-trussed cable-stayed bridge.Two main trusses with width of 24m and triangle truss style are used for the main beam.The K-bar bracing and longitude beams system is used for the deck system.The innovative study is done on the key technologies of the wide truss section,truss type and dense cross rib system with side longitudinal beam and horizontal K brace for providing the reference to the similar works. Research conclusions:This four tracks railway wide-trussed cable-stayed bridge is featured with the large span of the cross beam for four tracks,the large bending moment of the end and middle parts of the span and the large bending movement transmitted to the outside of main truss surface.The research shows application of the trilateral truss without tie or vertical K brace can effectively reduce the span of the small cross beam and the outside bending moment can be born by two web nodals at the each lower chord point.Application of the deck system with horizontal K brace and longitudinal beam on the edge deck can improve the loading on the cross beam and main truss by changing load transfer channel to make main truss only bearing nodal load.Through doing the innovative research on the cross section of the wide truss,main truss style and the deck system with horizontal K brace and longitudinal beam on the edge deck,the difficult technical problem in design of the four tracks railway wild-trussed cable-stayed bridge have been solved successfully.


There were discussed questions concerning principles of early diagnostics of hepatocelular carcinoma associated with chronic hepatitis. Author offers essentially new organizational approach of monitoring of consequences of chronic hepatitis B and C. Essence of the method offered by the author is creation multistage dispensary supervision over patients later 10 years, after the transferred hepatitis B and C for early revealing of cirrhosis-cancer of liver and for secondary preventive maintenance of hepatocancerogenesis. Conducted research in the one region of republic has shown that the given principle works most advantageously. By this principle, there were lead examinations in 102 patients suffering with chronic hepatitis B and C. Of them in 16 (13.3 %) patients revealed diffuse cirrhosis of liver, in 12 (11.8 %) revealed tumor of liver, from them in 5 (41.6 %) cases established hepatocelular carcinoma in rather early Т1 and Т2 stages of process.


Using vacuum evaporation,TiNiPd alloy films were made on glass slide and Si wafer.The composition and crystallizing point of the films were determined by EDX and DSC,respectively.The change of structure and crystallinity in the films with increasing annealing temperature was investigated using XRD.The components of the films were not the same as those of evaporated material,Ti decreased but Pd and Ni increased.The crystallizing point of the films was about 600℃,B2,B19 and B19′ were chief phases in the films after crystallization.Per-crystallization at 450℃ for 5h would accelerate the transformation from B2 to B19′ in the films.


In this paper an optimal load frequency controller for two area interconnected power system is presented to quench the deviations in frequency and tie line power due to different load disturbances. Here, a PI type controller is considered for LFC problem. The parameters of the proposed PI controller are tuned using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. A two-area electric power system with a wide range of parametric uncertainties is given to illustrate proposed method. To show effectiveness of the proposed method, a PI type controller optimized by Genetic Algorithms (GA) is designed in order to comparison with the proposed PI controller. The simulation results visibly show the validity of PSO-PI controller in comparison with the GA-PI controller.


The contribution introduces implementing the PC-base d open architecture numerical control system under the platform of Windows. A full y software-based cutter CNC system instance are show to introduce the structure of the software, the paper also discusses realization of the real-time under t he Windows system.


This paper analyzed the measuring methods of the ultra-low-frequency AC voltage signal,and designed a measuring method based on sampling-calculation.Designed the hardware circuit structure of the ultra-low-frequency AC voltage meter based on high-speed precision A/D converter and high-performance DSP processor,and designed the synchronization algorithm for non-synchronous sampling based on linear interpolation,and designed the RMS algorithm based on the composite trapezoidal quadrature formula.Developed the ultra-low-frequency AC voltage meter,and calibrated and tested its specification.The results showed that the developed ultra-low frequency AC voltage meter measurement frequency limit reached 0.001Hz,and its measurement uncertainty was better than 0.01%.


Overload alarms of modern chemical process give the operators many difficulties to decision and diagnosis. For ensuring the safety production and improving operation, management and optimization of alarm information are challenge work that must be confronted. A new system alarm optimization technique based on dynamic fuzzy clustering (DFC) algorithm is proposed according to the relativity of process measured variables. DFC is adopted to group rationally and cluster for information matrix of alarm variables in order to decrease effectively alarms under safety production. And on the basis of DFC fuzzy difference driving decision (FDDD) algorithm is used to rank the clustering center of process alarm variables based on objective process characteristics. The application of practical ethylene cracking furnace alarm system is verified the efficiency of provided algorithm. The proposed optimization algorithm is useful for alarm system management and operation in chemical process.


A hi-pass OBU with a GPS module and a control method thereof are provided to accurately calculate toll fares by suppressing a crosstalk between the GPS module and a hi-pass module. A hi-pass OBU(On Board Unit) with a GPS(Global Positioning System) module(130) includes a controller(110) and a reference point database(140). When a vehicle enters a predetermined position, the controller turns off the GPS module and reactivates the GPS module, after a fare transaction is completed between a hi-pass terminal and the hi-pass OBU. The reference point database stores the reference positions for respective toll gates. The controller compares current position information of the vehicle from the GPS module with the reference position information from the reference point database and turns off the GPS module, when the current position information is matched with one of the reference position information.


We address a more general version of a classic question in probability theory. Suppose X ∼ Np(μ,Σ). What functions of X also have the Np(μ, Σ) distribution ? For p = 1, we give a general result on functions that cannot have this special property. On the other hand, for the p = 2, 3 cases, we give a family of new nonlinear and non-analytic functions with this property by using the Chebyshev polynomials of the first, second and the third kind. As a consequence, a family of rational functions of a Cauchy-distributed variable are seen to be also Cauchy distributed. Also, with three iid N(0, 1) variables, we provide a family of functions of them each of which is distributed as the symmetric stable law with exponent 12. The article starts with a result with astronomical origin on


Opening Address M. Flato. The publications of Guy Rideau. The Problem of Invariants for Lie-Backlund Groups R.L. Anderson, N.H. Ibragimov. Galilean Coherent States and Wavelets J.-P. Antoine. On the Use of Quantum Algebras in Rotation-Vibration Spectroscopy R. Barbier, M. Kibler. Invariant Differential Calculus on a Deformation of the Weyl-Heisenberg Algebra J. Bertrand, M. Irac-Astaud. Noncompact Topological Quantum Groups F. Bidegain. Symmetric Symplectic Manifolds and Deformation Quantization P. Bieliavsky, et al. The Conformal Invariance of the Klein-Gordon Equation in 1+1 Dimension S. de Bievre, J. Renaud. Compact Topological Quantum Groups P. Bonneau. Groupes de transformations des varietes statistiques G. Burdet, M. Perrin. Non-Frustrated Signed Graphs Ph. Combe, H. Nencka. De l'ubiquite de la condition KMS G.G. Emch. A Model for QCD in Three Dimensions C. Fronsdal. Poisson Path Integral Representation of Green Functions for Certain Field Theories B. Gaveau, et al. Diffeomorphism Group Representations and Nonlinear Quantum Theories G.G. Goldin. Conditional Symmetries for 1st order Systems of PDES in the Context of the Clairin Method A.M. Grundland, G. Rideau. Quasistationary Approximation and Gauge Invariance in Classical Electrodynamics A. Heslot. Graded Poisson Brackets and Field Theory Y. Kosmann-Schwarzbach. The Basic Lemma in the Theory of Formal Groups C. Moreno, F. Galvez. Spectra and Generalized Eigenfunctions of the One- and Two-Mode Squeezing Operators in Quantum Optics B. Nagel. A Higgs-free Model for Fundamental Interactions M. Pawlowski, R. Raczka. Coupled Hodgkin Huxley Neurons with Stochastic Synaptic Inputs R. Rodriguez. Initial Data forNon-Linear Evolution Equations and Differentiable Vectors of Group Representations J.C.H. Simon, E. Taflin. Star Products: Their Ubiquity and Unicity D. Sternheimer. Finite Braid Groups for the SU(2) Knizhnik Zamolodchikov Equation I.T. Todorov. Continuous Symmetries of Differential-Difference Equations P. Winternitz, D. Levi. Processus limites et irreversibilite en mecanique statistique hors d'equilibre R. Jancel. Allocution de cloture G. Rideau.


BACKGROUND
The optimal chemotherapy for advanced colorectal carcinoma is not known. Two regimens, both based upon biochemical modulation of 5-FU, were compared in a randomized multicenter trial.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
A total of 202 symptomatic patients were randomly allocated to receive either sequential methotrexate, 250 mg/m2, during the first 2 hours and 5-FU, 500 mg/m2, at hours 3 and 23 followed by leucovorin rescue initiated at hour 24 (15 mg x 8) (MFL) or sequential 5-FU 500 mg/m2 followed by leucovorin 60 mg/m2 30-40 minutes later, on days 1 and 2 (FLv). Treatments were repeated every 14 days for eight courses and then every 3 to 4 weeks. Four patients were unevaluable.

RESULTS
The two treatments were equally effective with respect to objective response rates (complete (CR)+partial (PR), MFL 17%, FLv 21%), subjective response rates (symptom relief in the absence of severe adverse effects, 45% vs. 37%), and survival (median 7.5 vs. 9 months). All responses lasted at least 4 months. Overall, toxicity was low and comparable between the groups, but serious toxicity was more common in the MFL group.

CONCLUSIONS
Since FLv is easier to administer and carries less risk for serious toxicity, it should be recommended as a first-line treatment before MFL. On either regimen, about 40% of symptomatic patients can expect palliation, i.e., symptomatic relief without severe adverse effects, for at least 4 months.


Wood heat treatment at high temperatures (in the range of 180–240°C) is an ecological alternative to the chemical treatment of wood for its preservation. Thermal treatment provides dimensional stability and biological durability to wood due its structural changes. The dark color attained also gives the wood an aesthetic appearance. Various mathematical models have been developed for wood heat-treatment furnaces. In this article, two models, 1D and 3D, will be described. They have been used to simulate the furnace behaviour for a number of wood species, and parametric studies have been carried out to determine the impact of various factors. Some of the results of the calculations with the two models will be presented. They will be compared and the applicability and limitations of the 1D approach will be discussed. NOMENCLATURE Symbols: C concentration (kg m -3 ) Cp heat capacity (J kg -1 K -1 ) D diffusion coefficient of water vapor in the fluid (m 2 s -1 ) DS diffusion coefficient in the wood material (m 2 s -1


Iron chipping microelectrolysis is adopted to treat antibiotic wastewater.When the influent COD is 6.2 g/L,the experiment indicates that the removal rate of COD and chromaticity can reach 68.3% and 79.3% respectively,BOD5/COD rises from 0.306 to 0.56,and the biodegradability is improved greatly.The orthogonal test is conducted to investigate the influence of the three factors on the treatment efficiency,including pH,reaction time and amount of iron chipping,what's more,every influence factor is tested,and finally the optimal process condition is determined.


assessment of potential repository sites. This paper discusses a correlation between the use of a blasting model to define the excavation damage zone and modeling used to examine the overall repository performance assessment. Work Description There are a number of subsurface facilities included in the current proposal for a repository at Yucca Mountain that may be most efficiently excavated by drill and blast methods, e.g., TBM (tunnel boring machine) launch and recovery chambers, ventilation shafts, rail turnouts, alcoves, and other auxiliary openings. It is well known that the use of explosives can cause cracking of the rock mass beyond the perimeter of the excavation. Work is on-going to explore dril quantify their effects on the rock around tunnel excavations. and blast applications and to


In this contribution we study the formal ability of a multi-resolution-times lattice Boltzmann scheme to approximate isothermal and thermal compressible Navier Stokes equations with a single particle distribution. More precisely, we consider a total of 12 classical square lattice Boltzmann schemes with prescribed sets of conserved and nonconserved moments. The question is to determine the algebraic expressions of the equilibrium functions for the nonconserved moments and the relaxation parameters associated to each scheme. We compare the fluid equations and the result of the Taylor expansion method at second order accuracy for bidimensional examples with a maximum of 17 velocities and three-dimensional schemes with at most 33 velocities. In some cases, it is not possible to fit exactly the physicalmodel. For several examples, we adjust the Navier Stokes equations and propose nontrivial expressions for the equilibria.


Griya Pesona Asri (GPA) is a residence which located in the northern part of Surabaya City. The specific location is in Medokan Ayu, Rungkut District. Since 2019, this residence has been used SiWarga electronic application to improve citizen administration. In the beginning 2020, the leader of RT 04 RW 10, designed an electronic citizen financial system as the development of SiWarga GPA that has been successfully used for data collection of local residents. Some of partner problems are financial management transparently; non-cash payment system to facilitate citizen's fee transactions; reduce citizens risk overdue arrears. In relation with these partner problems, some activities that have been carried out begins with discussion housing residents and management, followed by the management and development of non-cash payment system features until socialization the operating system. A number of RT managers have mastered to use several, they have been quite proficient and enthusiastic. The residents have been able to monitor a number of arrears in payment. Administrators of RT no longer need to collect money. The administrators have also been able to know the total expenditure and income so that it can be used for the cash budgeting. DOI :  https://doi.org/10.26905/abdimas.v5i2.4347


It is a key step for successful accomplishing the design task on missile simulator to develop the embedded component on this system. As the beginning of this paper, design requirements of system were introduced. With difficult problems in developing, some experiences and technology approaches for establishing and designing system hardware framework , ARINC429 communication interface and FPGA logic, embedded software optimization were summarized pertinently. Especially, in the course of design system ISR, some measures were put forward creatively to realize efficient numeric algorithm by means of hardware platform of system in fixed-point DSP. There were some value of application for catching up with requirement of system real time processing.


Water-alternating-gas-injection (WAGI) pilot wells are planned to be drilled in a giant offshore oil field in Abu Dhabi. To minimize pilot well cost, carbon steel is considered as one of the potential materials. Planned WAGI wells will have extremely long horizontal completions, and the incomplete displacement of water during gas,water displacement cycle may lead to significant corrosion. This paper describes the corrosion management methodology used to make material selection and corrosion control related decisions for pilot WAGI wells.
 A key aspect of the methodology is its structured approach that combines science-based corrosion modeling with field-specific laboratory testing and surveillance data. The corrosion models have been extensively validated with laboratory and field data, and are applied in conjunction with flow models to enable full wellbore corrosion predictions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate gas,water displacement efficiency. The laboratory testing was conducted in specialized high pressure, high temperature autoclave test cells. A corrosion testing program was created to reproduce corrosion conditions during incomplete gas-water displacement. Corrosion inhibition effectiveness as part of corrosion control strategy was also evaluated.
 During the WAG gas injection cycle, the hydrocarbon gas contains CO2; hence, there is the potential for corrosion due to water hold up in the well from either incomplete displacement of injected seawater or due to cross flow from the reservoir. Any damage to completion due to corrosion may affect the injection profile and may result in an underperforming injector. Moreover, deposition of corrosion products may lead to a reduction or even a complete loss of injectivity in some zones.
 Lab test results show that corrosion due to a long term gas-water wellbore mixing can lead to completion corrosion within few WAG cycles. Effect of water splashing and intermittent wetting on corrosion due to high gas flow during gas,water displacement cycle was also evaluated. Results show that submerged (continuous) and splashing (intermittent) exposure to CO2-containing seawater under WAG cycle conditions can create a very high corrosion risks for carbon steel. However, corrosion due to incomplete gas-water displacement mixing can be mitigated by injecting an optimal corrosion inhibitor prior to WAG switchover.
 Test setup demonstrates an innovative approach to replicate anticipated flow environment in WAGI wells in the laboratory. CFD model incorporates the key physical drivers envisioned in the WAGI process and includes modeling of the gas-water interface evolution and gas leaking into the formation. Learnings from this study will be deployed in the field in form of a corrosion management strategy, deployed completion design and surveillance plans to manage corrosion risks, extend well-life and ensure long-term WAGI reliability.


We prove that Woodall's and Ghouila-Houri's conditions on degrees which ensure that a digraph is Hamiltonian, also ensure that it contains the analog of a directed Hamiltonian cycle but with one edge pointing the wrong way; that is, it contains two vertices that are connected in the same direction by both an edge and a Hamiltonian path.


come this, Martin Beye supplied AT-rich DNA isolated fromis the first hymenopteran andthe fifth insect genome to be sequenced (Honey BeeGenome Sequencing Consortium, 2006) in what promisesto be a swarm of insect genome sequences expected toappear over the next few years (Table 1). The Honey BeeGenome Sequencing Project (HBGSP) was conceptualizedover a period from 1998 to 2001 by the community atcourses, conferences and workshops (Robinson, 1999;Maleszka, 2000; Pennisi, 2001). In addition, initial effortswere directed at physical and genetic maps of the genome(Estoup


Ningshan rock body and Hannan rock body, They have differenf characteristic and mineral rescue. Mesoozic Ningshan granite in south Qinling geosynclinal area but proferozoic Hannan granite is located of the north borther of Yangzi platform. Mineral distribution characteristic. At bothsides of Ningshan grant and Inher of Hannan gromste development and utilization prospeci are foure of sugguestion such as: (1)Gold and Jems explonition and development simultaneously; (2)Nonminetallc ore and its associted mineral simultaneousty; (3)Focusing on the studies of non-metallic ore and fechhonlog; (4)Theuity of ufiliation and assexemen


Future Shock, by definition, results from rapid change. This paper presents the view that the rapid changes in the practice of pathology and laboratory medicine have created symptoms of Future Shock at the present time. Two educational remedies for Future Shock are recommended: (1) workshop education as developed by the Commission on Continuing Education of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists, and (2) cooperative work-study education extensively developed by Northeastern University in Boston. Other recommendations to prevent Future Shock include: (1) The streamlining of the acquisition of factual data. The load of learned facts can and must be reduced; educational roadblocks and empty terminology must be eliminated. (2) Emphasis upon the importance of the individual. Conservation of personal individuality must be fostered, including a reasonable accomplishment-expectation balance. (3) The top 10% of medical technology student graduates should be admitted to medical school. (4) A cooperative educational medical school should be created on the Northeastern University (Boston) Cooperative Educational model. (5) Medical McCarthyism must be converted to public accountability by the journalist-ombudsman of the future. (6) Pre- and post-marketing quality control programs should be established which will eliminate unreliable commercial reagents from the market. (7) A search for existing models to solve future problems is encouraged.


Abstract Electronic states in the mixed-phase material microcrystalline silicon prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition were investigated by continuous-wave and time-resolved electron spin resonance techniques in thermal equilibrium and under illumination. Samples prepared with various plasma-excitation frequencies v ex and various process gas mixtures (which leads to differences in the crystalline volume fractions and grain sizes) and samples with different p- and n-type doping levels were studied. Three main electron spin resonance contributions were found and attributed to dangling bonds in different structural environments in the material and to conduction electrons. The g values of the dangling bonds are shifted with respect to the g value of the dangling bond in amorphous silicon. The dangling-bond spin density remains largely unchanged over a wide range of plasma excitation frequencies but increases at the highest v ex and increases also at high silane gas concentrations when amorpho...


Three-dimensional thermoluminescence (TL) spectra from ultraviolet exposed MgAl 2 O 4 were measured over the temperature range of 300 K-600 K and the wavelength range of 300 nm-800 nm. Emission bands of all spectra at their peak temperature are centred at 520 nm and 710 nm associated with the holes captured at V 2+ and Cr 2+ sites, respectively. Dose dependence of the peak temperature and the full width at half maximum are different for each emission wavelength. Up to 2000 s, the TL intensity increases linearly as UV exposure time increases, and above that, the saturation of the TL intensity appears.


Taurine, a neuroactive sulfonic amino acid contained abundantly in the nervous system is highly concentrated in astrocytes in the supraoptic nucleus of hypothalmus. Many studies have displayed the role of taurine in the regulation not only of cell volume but also of the whole body fluid balance. The authors in this paper have reviewed the role of taurine as an osmomediator between glial cells and neurons in the neuroendocrine hypothalmo-neurohypophysial system.


Microbial biotechnology is an exceptionally dynamic and exciting sector of the biomedical sciences that is unique in the breath and diversity of products and services it provides/will provide and to which it contributes, such as disease prevention and therapy, diagnostics, agriculture and horticulture, food provision and nutrition, energy production, production of chemicals and materials, water and waste treatment, recycling, acquisition of and adding value to natural resources, environmental monitoring, forensics, sustainable practices, etc. The development of rapid and affordable genomics technologies and accompanying bioinformatic tools, of systems and synthetic biology approaches, single cell techniques, and of high resolution analytical and imaging instruments, has provided new impulses to the field and opened new avenues of application, some of which, such as microbiome engineering, bioenergy and bioelectric applications, the use of microbial toxins for therapy and cosmetic applications, etc., promise to revolutionize our lives in a manner similar to that ushered in by the development of computers, the Internet and smart phones. The extent of present and future enrichment of human endeavour, prosperity and well‐being to be brought about by microbial biotechnology, as well as its contribution to solutions to fundamental problems we and planet Earth are facing – the Grand Challenges – is only now beginning to be appreciated.


With "Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System, " respected functional anatomy authority James Watkins delivers the first book that integrates anatomy and biomechanics to describe the intimate relationship between structure and function. Drawing from his 23 years of international teaching and research experience, Dr. Watkins creates a unique text that thoroughly explores the biomechanical characteristics of musculoskeletal components and the response and adaptation of these components to the physical stress imposed by everyday activities.In Part I, Dr. Watkins develops the concept of the musculoskeletal system as a machine capable of generating and transmitting forces. Part II examines the functional anatomy of the muscular and skeletal systems, while Part III addresses musculoskeletal response and adaptation to loading."Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System" presents: -(mechanical concepts and principles that underlie human movement and the basic structure and function of the musculoskeletal system;-functional anatomy of the musculoskeletal system featuring chapters on the skeleton, connective tissues, the articular system, joints of the axial skeleton, joints of the appendicular skeleton, the neuromuscular system, and forces in muscles and joints;-mechanical characteristics of musculoskeletal components;-structural adaptation of the musculoskeletal system; and-etiology of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries.The information contained in this book is essential for students and practitioners interested in understanding the workings of a healthy musculoskeletal system.This book uses an open learning model, featuring chapter overviews, key terms, and learning objectives. The book is also packed with excellent illustrations, diagrams, and conceptual models. Students new to anatomy or biomechanics will benefit from the book's reader-friendly structure featuring an instructive glossary that runs parallel to the text and its use of applied examples, summaries, review questions, references, and an extensive subject index.


In this work, we present two theorems on Capacity of order a and Capacity of degree 3 of a discrete memoryless channel, using generalized entropies i.e., Rënyi entropy of order a and Daroczy entropy of degree $. These entropies are generalization of Shannon entropy.


Semi-empirical simulated data as described in Materials and Methods. A, B QQ plots displaying expected versus observed negative log P-values, considering different levels of persistent genetic variance (panel A versus panel B). Rows represent different numbers of tested context variables (10 or 20). All models control for the same number of background contexts as tested (additive effects of environmental context and context-repeat-structure interaction). Shown are CellRegMap (blue), a fixed-effect likelihood-ratio-test for single contexts (SingleEnv-LRT, min. P-value across all contexts, Bonferroni-adjusted for the number of tested contexts; green), a multicontext fixed-effect test (MultiEnv-LRT; orange) and StructLMM (pink; Moore et al, 2019). The latter model is related to CellRegMap but does not account for the repeat structure present in single-cell data. All other models include a random effect component that captures the donor repeat structure across sampled cells. MultiEnv-LRT and StructLMM do not achieve calibrated test statistics. Note that the QQ plots for CellRegMap, SingleEnv-LRT and StructLMM from the first row in panel A (genetic variance = 0 and 10 contexts tested) are reused in Fig 2A. Anna SE Cuomo et al Molecular Systems Biology


Electrochemical characterization of a symmetric track-etched polyethylenthereftalate (PET) membrane in contact with KCl solutions at different concentrations was carried out by measuring impedance spectroscopy (IS) and membrane potential (MP), which allow the estimation of membrane electrical resistance and ion transport numbers, respectively. IS measurements permit us the characterization of membranes in "working conditions" (in contact with electrolyte solutions) and the determination of electrical parameters for the membrane and the membrane/solution interface (resistance, capacitance and Warburg impedance) by analyzing the impedance plots and using equivalent circuits as models. The non-reproducibility of membrane potential values for two series of measurements and the asymmetry of the impedance curves show the modification of the membrane/aqueous solution interface. This point was confirmed by the time evolution of the membrane system electrical resistance and the increase of nitrogen content obtained from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis for dry and PET samples maintained in water for different periods of time, and the results indicate an increase in nitrogen content, which is attributed to bacterial presence on the membrane surfaces. These results seem to indicate modification of the PETmembrane/solution interface due to fouling and the possibility of its determination by electrical measurements.


P eptidoglycan is a continuous covalent macromolecular structure found on the outside of the cytoplasmic membrane of almost all bacteria and exclusively in these organisms. As the main structural component of the bacterial cell wall, its function is to preserve cell integrity by withstanding the internal osmotic pres-sure. It is also responsible for the mainte-nance of a defined cell shape, and it is intimately involved in the cell division process (1). The two basic structural features of this giant macromolecule are linear glycan chains interlinked with short peptide bridges. The glycan chains are composed of alternating units of N acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc). The carboxyl group of each N -acetylmuramic acid residue is substituted by a short stem peptide subunit. The formation of the three-dimensional network structure of peptidoglycan is ensured by cross-linking between the peptide subunit of one chain with that of a neighboring chain (2). Its biosynthesis is a complex two-stage process. The first one concerns the assembly of the disaccharide-peptide monomer unit via a series of UDP precursors and lipid intermediates (3). Six cytoplasmic steps (MurA to MurF) lead to the formation of the UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide precursor from UDP-GlcNAc. Thereafter, the phos-pho-MurNAc-pentapeptide moiety of UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide is transferred to the membrane acceptor undecaprenyl phosphate, yielding lipid I. The addition


Mechanical components (bearings, gears, mechanisms) typically utilize hardened construction materials to minimize wear and attain long life. In such components, loaded contact points (e.g., meshing gear teeth, bearing balls-raceway contacts) experience high contact stresses. The combination of high hardness and high elastic modulus often leads to damaging contact stress and denting, particularly during transient overload events such as shock impacts that occur during the launching of space vehicles or the landing of aircraft. In this webinar, Dr. DellaCorte will introduce the results of a research project that employs a superelastic alloy, Ni-Ti for rolling element bearing applications. Bearings and components made from such alloys can alleviate many problems encountered in advanced aerospace applications and may solve many terrestrial applications as well


Information technology is making possible the automation of increasingly complex operations in the workplace. At the same time, the ability of the technology to embody knowledge in computer algorithms allows the automation of some tasks traditionally considered managerial. Case study research in the telecommunications, transport, and insurance industries suggests that the automation of such "managerial" tasks often leads to very different organizational consequences than the automation of "work tasks." The paper defines the difference between "managerial" and "work" tasks, and demonstrates the value of these concepts in evaluating the effects of new technologies on organizational systems.


Background: headaches account for 10% of all consultations with the general practitioner, and the third leading cause of emergency department visits. The current prevalence of headache can go from 7.4% to 22.7% and may be associated with much comorbidity, and can cause significant disabilities in an individual's quality of life. Methodology: in this paper we carried out a systematic review on 32 observational (nonrandomized) studies using PUBMED. Aim: our aim in the study is to evaluate the prevalence, associated risk factors, pathogenesis, management, and the effect on quality of life caused due to chronic headaches. Conclusion:  chronic headache adds to a huge burden in overall health care system, and a very frequent general practice visit. Treatment of this type of headache is very challenging due to its chronicity as well as its risk of conversion into medication onset headache. More researches that can promise better quality of life for individuals that suffer from chronic daily headache must be done.


Since the mid-1960s it is not unusual for large public projects to be highly controversial. Frequently the conflict is more about the values being supported by the goals of these projects than about their technical aspects. Nevertheless, resolution of pertinent public policy conflicts is essential if a proposed project is to proceed and avoid litigation or termination. The list of interested parties may include a wide range of public entities as well as private citizens. Of the potentially involved parties, it is typically the engineer who is in the best position to understand the project and to identify new alternatives and options to meet the project's goals, while maintaining public confidence. To be successful in this endeavor the engineer must provide leadership, apply "new" tools, and possibly act as a facilitator to hear the issues, seek new approaches, and promote solutions that simultaneously meet the public's concerns and the project's objectives. Without this leadership in a dispute-resolution ...


Abstract Non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFPAs) account for 14-54% of all pituitary adenomas. NFPAs are benign, but mass effects may lead to significant symptoms, including visual impairment and pituitary insufficiency, of which secondary hypogonadism is present in 75% of reported cases. Patients with hypogonadism may experience decreased bone density, libido, muscle mass/strength, and fatigue. We describe a patient who presented with osteopenia, in addition to atypical symptoms of secondary hypogonadism, associated with low testosterone levels. Further workup disclosed a large pituitary macroadenoma. A 56-year-old male presented to the clinic for a two-year history of diffuse joint pain. X-rays were significant for bone loss. This led to a bone density scan that showed osteopenia with a T score of -2.3 in the lumbar spine and left femoral neck. He had no prior history of fractures or loss in height. Risk factors for bone disease were only pertinent for history of osteoporosis in his mother. He was referred to endocrinology for further evaluation. Work up included normal vitamin D levels, 24-hour urine calcium excretion, morning cortisol, and TSH. Given the patient's osteopenia and additional complaints of decreased appetite, weight loss, fatigue, and muscle weakness, testosterone levels were checked and found to be low. Free testosterone level was 14.3 pg/ml with inappropriately low FSH and LH. Prolactin was normal at 12.5 ng/ml. He subsequently had an MRI brain which revealed a pituitary macroadenoma measuring 2. 0×2.4×2.4 cm with mass effect on the optic chiasm. However, the patient did not complain of headaches or visual disturbances and visual field testing was normal. He underwent transsphenoidal resection of the pituitary tumor which led to normalization of testosterone levels and resolution of all his symptoms. This case exemplifies how non-specific symptoms of hypogonadism and absence of mass effect symptoms can lead to a delay in diagnosis of NFPA. Typically, NFPAs are detected when they are large enough to cause symptoms of mass effect which, interestingly, were absent in this patient despite compression of the optic chiasm. Male hypogonadism increases the risk for bone disease. Thus, it is important to pursue work up for secondary hypogonadism in males presenting with osteopenia/osteoporosis despite lack of overt symptoms. A thorough history and workup are essential in diagnosing NFPA. Prompt detection of NFPA can facilitate timely management leading to clinical improvement. The first line of treatment for NFPAs causing neurological symptoms is transsphenoidal surgical resection. Surgery is also recommended for NFPAs that are at high risk for causing visual deficits due to involvement of optic chiasm, as was seen in this patient. Post-surgical follow up includes long-term routine monitoring of hormone levels and neuroimaging. Presentation: No date and time listed


Jobs from renewables have been subject to much and sometimes reiterated debate in Germany. While the earlier discussions focused on the assumed negative employment effects of renewable energy [1] more detailed analyses have helped to better understand the mechanisms between investment, employment, global trade shares and domestic renewable energy policy [2]. In the last five years, employment from renewable energy also became the focus of analyses for developing countries and emerging economies [4]. The methodological approaches applied to measure gross employment differ widely, from estimates relying on employment factors and regional adjustments to more sophisticated input-output and model based estimates. Germany is an interesting case to study, because it has a) a very detailed support landscape for renewable energy in the heat and electricity sector, b) is an export oriented economy, which thrives from opportunities on global markets and c) has established a measurement framework and a database on employment from renewables through a series of studies on these issues. This paper gives a summary of the current situation of employment from renewable energy. It explains the underlying method, gives results and discusses the results against the backdrop of Germany's Energiewende and energy political discussion.


Background: Forward head posture (FHP) described as excessive anterior positioning of the head in relation to a vertical reference line, involving increased cervical spine lordosis (upper cervical spine extended, lower cervical spine flexed) and rounded shoulders with thoracic kyphosis in later stages. Prevalence of forward head posture is high amongst children and adolescents due to excessive use of mobile phones and laptops. But very less studies have been done in India amongst physiotherapy students though their work routine is in prolonged standing position with neck flexed. So, aim of the study is to study the prevalence of FHP amongst population and further progression of this postural abnormality can be prevented.
Materials and methodology: 60 participants were recruited according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Craniovertebral angle were evaluated through photogrammetry method, through Surgimap.
Results: In this study 60 students were evaluated, consisting of 40 females and 20 males. From 20 males, 12 males were identified as having FHP (60%), and the 40 females evaluated from that 30 females were identified as having forward FHP (75%). In this study the prevalence of total physiotherapy students identified having FHP is 42 out of 60, that is 70%.
Conclusion: Present study shows that prevalence of FHP amongst physiotherapy population is 70%.

Key words: forward head posture, Craniovertebral angle, Surgimap, physiotherapy.


It analyzed the cause of jumping in the bridge abutment , and introduced the treatment technology of filling cement of reinforcement.


The invention relates to a reproducible method of preparation of a resonant structure of a semiconductor laser with distributed feedback against having a narrow waveguide of the order of ten micrometers, network development diffraction being performed after the preparation step of the ribbon. In a last step, a diffraction grating is registered according to a specific desired wavelength.


{\bf R}-matrix calculations combined with the adiabatic nuclei approximation are used to compute electron-impact rotiational excitation rates for three closed-shell diatomic cations, HeH$^+$, CH$^+$, ArH$^+$. Comparisons with previous studies show that an improved treatment of threshold effects leads to significant changes in the low temperature rates, furthermore the new calculations suggest that excitation of CH$^+$ is dominated by $\Delta J =1$ transitions as is expected for cations with a large dipole moment. A model for ArH$^+$ excitation in the Crab Nebula is presented which gives results consistent with the observations for electron densities in the range $2-3\times 10^3$~cm$^{-3}$.


Case report We present a case of a 33-year-old woman G2 P2 diagnosed with FGR at 27th gestational week at Perinatology Centre of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos. From 32th to 37th pregnancy week, monitoring twice a week involved NST and doppler examination of tibial, fetal umbilical, middle cerebral, ductus venosus and uterine arteries. Normal parameters of all the arteries were observed until 34+5 weeks, when the first pathological change of increased pulsarity index in the tibial artery was registered. Fetal biometry showed EFW of 1,504 g, below 10th percentile, asymmetrical growth restricted fetus. Conclusion In conclusion, this is a fetal growth restriction case monitored adding peripheral artery doppler examination a. tibialis, as the first indicator of the deteriorating condition of the fetus. From 34+5 weeks to 36+2 weeks the abnormal PI increase was found only in the tibial artery Fig.1, Fig.2, while the umbilical Fig.3, middle cerebral Fig.4, ductus venosus and uterine arteries were normal. NST was normal too. At 37+1 weeks a female newborn was delivered by induction, 1,790 g, below 5th percentile, 46 cm of height, 9/9 Apgar points, umbilical cord pH 7,33. Figure 1. Pulsatility index (PI) of the fetal anterior tibial artery


Earlier this year, I wrote about our previous Editors, and our Editorial philosophy. Equally important to the role of our Journal has been our Reviewers, and their contributions. Some are experts in highly specific areas, while many are more general and can appraise articles in much broader areas. Some have reviewed for us every month, and others less frequently; all gave their time generously and most send a timely response without prompting. Their roles have been to spot dual or similar publications from the same authors or in identical topics. They have assessed the merits of papers for originality, but also where an important topic needs reiteration or emphasis. They have detected errors in expression, syntax and spelling, or in deviation from the standard format used by our Journal. They have frequently given very helpful advice to authors to improve the quality of their article, and thus of our Journal. From now on, we are using Manuscript Central, and our Reviewers will perform their tasks electronically. Some have accepted that this 'new world' is not for them. We wish to thank all of our Reviewers over the last 2 years – their names are listed below – and, in anticipation, thank all those who will take on the new role.


In the measurement of occupational segregation by race and gender, pairwise comparisons of employment distributions, based on the Index of Dissimilarity, are unsatisfactory. A multidimensional approach, based on Silber (1992), is adopted to analyze trends in segregation across six race/gender groups and four groups of occupations over the period 1983-92. Black males and females have integrated fastest, whereas Hispanics integrated slowest. White-collar occupations exhibited a modest pro-cyclical rate of integration, but blue-collar occupations exhibited little change. The empirical results are linked to the recent radical literature that explores the relationship between job exclusion, racial discrimination and wage differentials (Mason 1993 and Williams 1991).


Ten closely spaced, shallow (<100 ft) drill cores were obtained from the 1.22-Ma-old Bandelier Tuff at a 4-acre site for proposed construction at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico. The goal of the investigation was to identify faults that may have potential for earthquake-induced surface ruptures at the site. Careful mapping of contact surfaces within the Bandelier Tuff was supplemented with results of geochemical analyses to establish unit boundaries with a high degree of accuracy. Analysis shows that the upper contact surface of Unit 3 of the Bandelier Tuff provides no evidence of faults beneath the building site, and that the subsurface structure is consistent with a shallowly dipping (< 2{degree}), unbroken block. Because no significant or cumulative faulting events have disturbed the site in the last 1.22 million years, it is unlikely that surface rupture will occur at the site in future large earthquakes. Uncertainty analysis suggests that this method would detect faults with {ge}2 ft of cumulative stratigraphic separation.


This paper focusses on the possibility spouses have under the new Rome III Regulation (EC Regulation 1259/2010) to choose the law applicable to their divorce. It discusses the limits and exceptions of this freedom to choose.


Closure devices for shower enclosures are provided which allow for a means for increasing the showering area in a shower enclosure and/or facilitate replacement of a shower screen.


Risk analysis is an elaborate exercise involving several steps from historical data collection, preliminary hazard identification, development of credible accident scenarios, to preparation of strategies for prevention or control of damage. This exercise becomes tedious and complex for waste categories such as computers which have different set of toxic substances/ elements in varying amounts. This further complicates assessment of risk from associated waste management activities. In order to get an approximate yet workable assessment of risk at much lesser costs and time inputs, indices pertaining to hazard potential have been argued as a para-optimal option, in lieu of elaborated data collection and analysis. The present study proposes a methodology for arriving at hazard potential of hazardous wastes and applies it to waste personal computers, printers and their segregated fractions. The hazards potential are arrived at both with respect to different management options and independent of management options.


The amount of Cd sorbed (x/m) by untreated and treated soils increased while, per cent of added Cd sorbed (XAd) and distribution coefficient (Kd) decreased with increasing Cd concentration in solution indicating that affinity of soils for Cd decreased with increasing Cd concentration in solution indicating that affinity of soils for Cd decreased with fractional surface coverage or increase in concentration of Cd in solution phase. Cd sorption by untreated and treated soils was satisfactorily described by Freundlich (R = 0.994 to 0.998) and two-surface Langmuir equations (R = 0.987 to 999). The value of Freundlich constant (Kf) and total sorption capacity (b1 + b2) calculated from the two-surface Langmuir equation increased due to enrichment of soil with sludge @ 25 and 50 g kg. Total sorption capacity and Freundlich Kf were positively and significantly correlated with organic carbon and CEC of the soils indicating that application of sludge to the soils had a dominating role in enhancing the Cd sorption due to increase in organic surfaces/adsorption sites to the soils and formation of stable complexes with organic matters.


Along with the social development,our country science and technology level and economic culture have developed greatly. As a key link in the process of sociallist modernization construction,the archives management of the scientific development has become the focus of attention in many fields. In the actual situation of archives management work in China,there are still many problems in the construction of scientific. The papaer analyze problems existing in the archives management in our country at present stage on how to improve the level of scientific archives management put forward some concrete measures.


To the Editor:

We read with great interest the article by Metra et al1 that was recently published in the Journal. Although β-blockade in chronic heart failure (CHF) emerged as a powerful treatment modality, it remains unclear whether there is a difference between the various agents, such as the β1-selective blockers bisoprolol and metoprolol and the nonselective β-blocker carvedilol. The authors compared response to carvedilol or metoprolol by measuring various clinical parameters, such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and peak Vo2. They found that both carvedilol and metoprolol improved these parameters but that carvedilol did so primarily for LVEF and metoprolol for peak Vo2. This is an interesting but somewhat contradictory finding that suggests a possible difference in the working profile of these 2 compounds.

There are 2 assertions in this article that …


The paper aims at identifying impact of corporate governance variables i.e. board structure (board size, board independence, board activity and board busyness) and ownership structure (foreign promoters holding, institutional shareholding and CEO duality) on financial disclosures made by the Indian firms. Using cross sectional data of 325 listed firms for the financial year 2009-10, we compute financial disclosure score (using 171 checklist points) based on disclosure requirements of accounting standards. We find average disclosure score of 73%, maximum and minimum being 100% and 46% respectively. Our finding support agency theory in terms of monitoring role of board since board size is found to be significant however we do not find any influence of board independence on the disclosures. The study also supports resource dependency theory in terms of outside directorship which might provide exposure to different corporate environment, brings diverse perspectives and knowledge to the directors and this in turn leads to improved disclosures. We also support the notion that having foreign promoter shareholding improves disclosures.


The problem of balanceable connecting rod bearings emitting heat,which is frequently told by workers in workshops,has not been solved.The discussion has been put forward in the text by the selection of the bearing material and calculation of actual P,V and PV data (which are not out of the scope of allowable data), as well as the reasonable selection of the bearings' parameter,calculation of the quantity of bearings' lubrication oil, and the experiential formula of clearance.


Damasceno, Cleber Oliveira; Vidal, Thibaut Victor Gaston (Advisor); Barboza, Eduardo Uchoa (Co-Advisor).Automated Synthesis of Optimal Decision Trees for Small Combinatorial Optimization Problems. Rio de Janeiro, 2021. 54p. Dissertação de Mestrado – Departamento de Informática, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro. Classical complexity analysis for NP-hard problems is usually oriented to "worst-case" scenarios, considering only the asymptotic behavior. However, there are practical algorithms running in a reasonable time for many classic problems. Furthermore, there is evidence pointing towards polynomial algorithms in the linear decision tree model to solve these problems, although not explored much. In this work, we explore previous theoretical results. We show that the optimal solution for 0-1 combinatorial problems can be found by reducing these problems into a Nearest Neighbor Search over the set of corresponding Voronoi vertices. We use the hyperplanes delimiting these regions to systematically generate a decision tree that repeatedly splits the space until it can separate all solutions, guaranteeing an optimal answer. We run experiments to test the size limits for which we can build these trees for the cases of the 0-1 knapsack, weighted minimum cut, and symmetric traveling salesman. We manage to find the trees of these problems with sizes up to 10, 5, and 6, respectively. We also obtain the complete adjacency relations for the skeletons of the knapsack and traveling salesman polytopes up to size 10 and 7. Our approach consistently outperforms the enumeration method and the baseline methods for the weighted minimum cut and symmetric traveling salesman, providing optimal solutions within microseconds.