for these methods to have an Abstract: The study was conducted to determine the level of awareness, availability and accessibility of both pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in health institutions in Ekiti State. Five major health facilities providing Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) cutting across the three senatorial districts of the state were purposefully selected based on number of patients accessing the facilities for different reasons and been a functional ART centre in the state. Key informant interview (KII) was employed to collect information from the respondents. The result shows that PrEP is not available with the state as none of the Centres visited had provided PrEP services in the last one year. Though PEP is available in all the facilities visited but accessibility is low. Mostly PEP is provided to Health Workers who got exposed in the course of their duty and victims of sexual violence (mostly rape). There is no comprehensive programing for discordant couples who could have benefited from PrEP programing. Awareness of PEP services where available is low thereby leading to low service uptake. Only one centre reported external access (an individual with accidental condom bust) to PEP over two years ago. Disclose is still a big issue within the state, most PLHIV have partners that are not aware of their status (Probably because of stigma) therefore creating a barrier for effective programing. Recommendations focused on the ways to address the issues raised in the result above.


New empirical evidence on local sourcing by multinational enterprise plants in two UK regions (Yorkshire and The Humber and Northern Ireland) is presented and compared with evidence from other UK regions. The proportion of material inputs sourced locally is generally quite low in both regions and is broadly in line with that observed elsewhere. The scope for increasing the level of local sourcing through policy intervention is then examined and the suitability of various policy models for the UK regions is considered. A number of obstacles to greater local sourcing are identified including the sourcing strategies employed by multinationals and problems of availability, capacity, and competitiveness in local supply bases. The scope for policy intervention, it is argued, is quite limited but supplier-development policies designed to tackle issues of supplier capacity and competitiveness have greater potential than simple 'brokering' services.


Adolescent pregnancy need higher food intake than adult pregnant women, because they were still in the growth period. There were many cases (415) of adolescent pregnancy in Rowosari, Semarang in 2015. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of energy, protein, fat, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and calcium adequacy levels and the weight gain among adolescent pregnanciesat Rowosari Village, Semarang. This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were44 pregnant adolescent who were chosen purposively. Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires and 2 x 24 hours recalls. Qualitative data were also collected through indepth interviews. Data were analysed by Pearson and Spearman Rank correlation tests. The results showed that the adequacy level of energy was (79.5±8.55)%, protein (70.55±24.88)%, fat (52.3±22.54)%, vitamin B1 (90.9±22.99)%, vitamin B6 (65.9±24.30)%, vitamin B12 (56.8±79.21)% and calsium (59.1±49.83)%. There were correlation between energy adequacy levels (p = 0.000), protein adequacy level (p = 0.040), fat adequacy level (p = 0.032), vitamin B1 adequacy (p = 0.021), vitamin B6 adequacy (p = 0.034), calsiumadequacy levels (p = 0.016) and weight gain. There was no correlation between adequacy levels of vitamin B12 (p = 0.188) and the pregnancy weight gain. It was concluded that there were correlation between adequacy level of energy, protein, fat, vitamin B1, vitamin B6 and calcium with the pregnancy weight gain of adolescent pregnancy.


In a language learning classroom, developing learners' listening skills is a vital part of language development. In ESL classrooms, it is one of the main skills the ESL learners have to master to ensure effective communication so as to enable the learners to shift from classroom language to real language. However, despite its importance, listening is considered a difficult skill to develop and learn, especially in countries where English is a foreign language. Hence, the present study investigated the language learning strategies used by ESL pupils in a suburban primary school in Sarawak to develop listening skills. 31 Level-2 primary school pupils aged between 10-12 years old were selected to participate in this study through purposive, convenience sampling technique. A questionnaire adapted fromYoung Learners' Language Strategy Use Survey (YLLSUS) was used to collect data. Four language learning strategies, viz., cognitive, metacognitive, affective, and social strategies were proposed in the current study


If we wish to more folly account for how conspiracy theories function in twenty-first century America, then we must be able to move beyond treating conspiracy theories solely as flawed arguments. This essay will argue that conspiracies fulfill two roles—the argumentative role traditionally studied that asserts that some powerful entity is engaged in a grand scheme to control or deceive the masses, and what I shall call the coded social critique role-an underlying message that critiques various social, political, or economic institutions and actors. In other words, the point of dispute in the competing theories and government accounts is equally over the different institutions' ethos and legitimacy as it is over the facts of the crash itself.


The African Migrant, Catopsilia florella (FABRICIUS, 1775) is reported for the first time from Madeira Island. It was found breeding in several localities around Funchal, on its host plant Senna didymobotria (FRESEN.) IRWIN & BARNEBY. The species was reared successfully in captivity. Notes on the world distribution and ecology of C. florella are given.


Stock market has been a complex system which has been difficult to predict for humans, thereby, making the trading decisions difficult to take. It will be useful for traders if there is a model agent which can learn the stock market trends and suggest trading decisions which in turn maximizes the profits. Inorder to develop this agent we have formulated the problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) and created a stock trading environment which serves as a platform for this agent to trade the stocks. In this paper, we introduce a Reinforcement Learning based approach to develop a trading agent which performs trading actions on the environment and learns according to the rewards in terms of profit or loss it receives. We have applied different On-policy Reinforcement Learning Algorithms such as Vanilla Policy Gradient (VPG), Trust Region Policy Optimization (TRPO) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) on the environment to obtain the profits while trading stocks for 3 companies viz. Apple, Microsoft and Nike. The performance of these algorithms in order to maximize the profits have been evaluated and the results and conclusions have been elaborated.


This paper proposes a novel approach for identifying the deviations of power flows that are controlled by multiple phase shifting transformers (PSTs). In order to control the power flows of each loop independently, at first the minimum need of PST sets is determined as the number of co-tree to the entire network. Because co-tree patterns are not unique, many PST allocations exist and can be found as the co-tree patterns. Features of the controllable area of power flows corresponding to all PSTs allocation candidates can be extracted by the eigenanalysis of the matrix. Finally, judging from the power flow profiles, the optimal allocation to the specific control target can be found. The optimal PST allocation for power flow control can be found by the flexible power flow control in an open-access network. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by the simulation studies of two model systems.


The internal flow conditions and the pump performance were discussed in the first and second reports, respectively. Based on the results presented in the former reports, the following two facts are derived in this report. The first fact is that the flow through the impeller increases as the blade angle decreases, owing to a difference in degree of reaction. The second fact is that the boundaty radius of the impeller inlet and outlet regions and the mean impeller outlet radius of the through-flow increase with a decrease in blade width. This is ascribed to the connection between the flow through the impeller and the crosssectional area of the impeller passage. Futhermore, semi-experimental equations of slip factor are derived from theoretical blade load values and experimental slip values. Based on the above results a method of estimating pump performance is shown.


1993. Hardcover. Book Condition: New. 190 The main focus of this study is the Kali temple of Kalighat, one of the most sacred pilgrim centres of Hindus in India. It is an effort to weigh the radiating influence of a traditional religious centre over the contemporary social life. The temple, devotees and all sacred performances at Kalighat have been discussed in detail with emphasis on the changing pattern of religious practices, the utility of pilgrimage for the promotion of trade and market complex, diversified role of sacred specialists, evolution and new perspective in sacred tradition. The work is the outcome of intensive fieldwork. Here the main considerations is Kali Puja, an act of reverence towards the power goddess Kali which is an ancient, most popular, complex as well as simple form of Hindu religious rite involving critical preparation and widespread participation. The detailed description and subsequent interpretation of the rituals at Kalighat presents a view regarding the sentiments of present-day Hindu society as it emerges through different patterns of worship and different modes peoples involvement into it. The basic elements which have been highlight in the analysis are social configuration, human disposition, changing value system and rules of conduct in...


The next generations of processors will provide a very high degree of integration used for embedding several units on a chip. One of the biggest challenges is to design new tools for offering to these units enough useful work to benefit from these technological advances. In the Intel EPIC-Itanium architecture high performances are achevied by using the Explicit Parallel Instruction Computer (EPIC) approach where the compiler plays an important role. In this paper we investigate the issue of finding the most adequate optimization options for the compiler. We present a simple yet interesting heuristic for exploring this vast optimization space. Considering only a few options in the exploration, up to 70% acceleration, relative to default options, has been obtained in our experiments


This paper presents a theoretical model and a system concept for the generation of Hybrid energy.India is one of the largest producers of electricity in the world and has acquired a global share of 4.8% in year 2013, but the demand has been increasing rapidly ahead of the supply. The present trend towards the generation of multi megawatt energy by using hybrid energy systems and the increasing interest in the combination of renewable energy resources and battery storage devices for the supply of high quality and continuous electrical power leads to development of new energy resources .This paper discusses a new hybrid power system which is a combination of both solar and wind power . For harvesting the solar energy, this hybrid model uses solar cogeneration technology for harvesting solar energy and wind turbines are used for generation of electricity using wind power the combination of both of these will increase the efficiency of this hybrid system, in addition to generation of electricity we can also supply of hot water to the various companies like dairy farms ,waste recycling companies , leather industries etc. where huge amount of energy is wasted for getting hot water .This paper gives a preview of the schematic model of the hybrid power system that can be used to provide reliable energy to house hold .


A course in real estate law should be a cornerstone of every undergraduate real estate program. However, this course is frequently taught by faculty who may have little experience in course design or in the relevant fields of practice. By examining the syllabi from undergraduate real estate law courses, this research summarizes the current composition of such courses and utilizes this information to construct a benchmark for this course. This information should be of interest to the faculty who are charged with delivering these courses and administrators who oversee undergraduate real estate programs.


We denote by ZG the integral group ring of the finite group G. S.D. Berman [1] showed that every unit of finite order μ in G is trivial (i.e., μ = ±g for some g in G) if and only if either G is abelian or G is a Hamiltonian 2-group. In this note, we give a new and shorter proof for the "only if" part.


This paper describes an application methodology of agent base modelling (ABM) technology for service science and a concept of the smart customer interaction modelling (SCIM) innovated from the ABM, which has created an optimised service design that is indispensable with regard to enhancing customer satisfaction, thus, enabling an improvement of customer service productivity and quality. The main concept of the SCIM is to maintain the corporate brand loyalty of customers. An actual adaptability of the SCIM for a car sales service is studied. Based on the results, we confirmed the SCIM technology had the capability to realise a maximised service quality. Some of the key issues found in the application case are also discussed.


It is of necessity to transport time division multiplexing (TDM) traffic over packet network such as Ethernet. When TDM traffic is carried over Ethernet, it is necessary to improve end-to-end performance of Ethernet network. Based on frame structure defined in IETF RFC3985 and MEF 8, a kind of frame structure that comprises forward error correction (FEC) contents is presented, and a FEC method based on the frame structure is brought forward. The method includes functions of regenerating lost packets functions as well as a mechanism that detects end-to-end performance and adaptively adjusts the FEC configuration. A device using the FEC method can interwork with an ordinary non-FEC device. Analysis for the FEC method is specified too. A kind of network device that realizes the FEC functions is designed and a test network topology is set up to test and evaluate the FEC method.


In this paper one discusses the network unreliability function of P(R(r,m),p), which is based on the assumption that all points are perfectly reliable and all edges failed independently with the same probability


Understanding the main factors driving bryophyte communities in forests is a worthwhile research area as it provides a framework within which to evaluate effective management options. Previous studies elucidated the role of forest structure, substrate, and climate, but their effect in a wide environmental context encompassing several types of forests is still unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of climate, stand structure, substrates (tree trunks, deadwood, forest floor), and different forest types for species richness, species composition, and cover of bryophytes. Seven different types of Alpine forests dominated by spruce, larch-stone pine, silver-fir, Scots pine, oak, beech, and alder were selected. Bryophytes were sampled on tree trunks, deadwood, and forest floor. The importance of forest type, substrate, climate, and forest structure was determined by variance partitioning. Species richness and species composition were best explained by substrate (respectively 13% and 11%) and by forest type (respectively 13% and 11%). The bryophyte cover was primarily explained by the forest type (24%), and to a lesser extent by the climatic factors and stand structure. Overall, these results suggest that in this region ecologically based forest management might focus their efforts in protecting all the forest types and associated substrates. This means that forests of less economic value should also be preserved, and that acceptable silvicultural options should pay attention to the naturally available substrates. Too often, deadwood availability was a limiting substrate for bryophytes.


Virtual classroom is an indispensable part of distant learning systems and an important direction in the CSCL research field. It provides a teaching environment under dSfferent time and location. The real-time interactive virtual classroom given in this paper is based on the three-layer client/server architecture. It provides a serial of real-time, interactive cooperative tools and ofers some web services in order to be integrated with other systems easily. This virtual classroom also implements a management and cooperation mechanism and a real-time learning mode based on synchronization-Problem-Bused Learning. Moreover, this paper makes some analyses and discussion about the roles and their supported tools of virtual classroom.


Knowledge about toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics is of crucial importance for various areas of pharmaceutical research. Toxicokinetics is generally regarded as an area of science that deals with kinetics of exposure, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of test compounds and metabolites. This article describes in vitro concentration-effect relationships and also discusses tools to elucidate the toxicomechanisms under in vitro conditions.

Keywords:

toxicokinetics;
toxicodynamics;
metabolism;
metabolites;
drug development


This paper aims at showing how far the shape of a studied area influences the results of optimal location-allocation models. Simulations are performed on rectangular toynetworks with an equal number of vertices but with different length/width ratios. The case of merging two such networks into a common market is also considered. We limit our experience to the Simple Plant Location Problem (SPLP) which captures the fundamental trade-off of economic geography between accessibility and economies-of-scales. Results are analysed in terms of locations, allocations and costs. On the average, we confirm that regions that are elongated require a greater number of facilities that those with a compact shape; this effect however depends upon the way a region is merged into a common market (type of border; relative position). The results help at understanding how far an area (country/region) has larger development problems than others just because of its shape and/or of the way this area is linked within a common market (elongation of the country and length of the common border).


Abstract : Combinations of survey strategies including pedestrian transects and screened shovel tests at 30 meter intervals were utilized depending upon the surface visibility. Four sites were discovered within the project right-of-way and one site was found just outside. Of these, three were subject to testing: The Phillips site 3P0493, The Ritter Pecan Grove Site 3P0495, and The Cooper Estate Site 3P0494.


Cyber powers around the world are conducting cyber information-gathering activities in cyberspace, a global domain within the Internet-based information environment. Accordingly, it is imperative to obtain the latest information through the cyber intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) process to prepare for future cyber operations. Research utilizing the cyber battlefield visualization method for effective cyber IPB and situation awareness aims to minimize uncertainty in the cyber battlefield and enable command control and determination by commanders. This paper designed architecture by classifying cyberspace into a physical, logical network layer and cyber persona layer to visualize the cyber battlefield using BGP archive data, which is comprised of BGP connection information data of routers around the world. To implement the architecture, BGP archive data was analyzed and pre-processed, and cyberspace was implemented in the form of a Di-Graph. Information products that can be obtained through visualization were classified for each layer of the cyberspace, and a visualization method was proposed for performing cyber IPB. Through this, we analyzed actual North Korea's BGP and OSINT data to implement North Korea's cyber battlefield centered on the Internet network in the form of a prototype. In the future, we will implement a prototype architecture based on Elastic Stack.

http://itiis.org/digital-library/manuscript/file/24286/TIIS Vol 15, No 2-20.pdf


The Plum and Apricot germplasm resources investigation in China was summarized.Based on the great breakthrough of investigation in China,the screening of fruit economics characteristics,biological characteristics,anti-adversity characteristics and chromosome ploidy characteristics were analyzed.


The globalization of the economy and the liberalization of the trade markets have formulated new conditions in the market place which are characterized by instability and intensive competition in the business environment. Competition is continuously increasing with respect to price, quality and selection, service and promptness of delivery. Removal of barriers, international cooperation, technological innovations cause competition to intensify. All these changes impose the need for organizational transformation, where the entire processes, organisation climate and organisation structure are changed. As a result, many find themselves faced with the prospect of having to learn, plan, implement and successfully conduct a real reengineering management process. The research described in this paper begins with a review of the relevant literature to examine the role of IT redesign in technological process. The aim of the case study was to investigate how IT redesign is integrated in management process of quality improvement. Keywords: Reengineering, redesign, retooling, quality, change management, IT;


This study aims at investigating profitability of rice contract farming in Vietnam's Mekong delta. We used data from a farm-household survey comprising of 70 contract and 96 noncontract respondents, and apply the Student's t-test and ordinary least square regression model for data analysis. We found that farmers with larger rice plantations are unlikely to engage in contract farming, and that market outlets and output price for contract growers tend to be ensured compared with noncontract ones. The findings reveal that contract farming has a significantly positive impact on rice-farming profitability in terms of average return and average rate of return on variable cost when controlling for observable characteristics of household and farm. The results suggest that contract farming may enable rice farmers to raise their rice income as well as household income. The policy implication may be that contract farming may not be feasible for all rice farmers and rice business firms.


In the article the problem of development of self-confidence of the future teachers for work with children in the course of student's practice at school is considered. The indicators, criteria, psycho-diagnostic methods of an assessment of student's self-confidence for work with children are revealed, their characteristics are given.


Sandstones of Ngrayong Formation are an important reservoir in the north-east Java basin while the Bulu Formation generally functions as an aquifer in the study area. e quality of aquifers and reservoirs in the form of porosity and permeability can be in uenced by the diagenesis process. is study aims to determine the depositional environment and diagenesis processes that occur in rocks of Ngrayong Formation and Bulu Formation. Sandstones as sedimentary rocks generally undergo diagenetic processes consisting of compaction, cementation, and dissolution, while carbonate rocks diagenesis processes are very varied but the most important is the process of dissolving and fracturing as forming porosity. From the results of the petrographic analysis, it can be seen that the depositional environment of the Ngrayong Formation is inner-neritic to middle-neritic while the Bulu Formation is deposited in the inner shelf environment. e diagenesis process that occurs is compaction, cementation, dissolution and micritization.


This paper investigates the still evolving strategic trajectories and the context adopted for the procedures for inducting a Least Risk Bomb Location (LRBL) that began with discretionary participation by various aircraft manufacturers approximately in the year 1972, where the use of a specific procedure has been designed to decrease the effects of an explosion significantly in the aircraft's passenger cabins of large commercial airplanes. Additionally, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has provided the information on the location of the LRBL and guidance to various operators (National/International)on the procedures to use when a suspected threat item is found on-board an airplane. The designation of LRBL for aero planes is intended to be used solely for the transport of cargo, where an aero plane must include a designated location where a bomb or other explosive device could be designated to protect integrity of the structure and flight-critical systems from damage in the case of detonation occurs.


This chapter analyses the right to work. It examines how the CRPD has come to provide for the participation of disabled people in the 'open labour market' and examines the various barriers that limit such participation. It also considers alternative forms of employment, including sheltered and supported employment, as well as how they relate to the new emphasis brought on the right to work by the CRPD. It subsequently focuses on the extent to which the Convention calls into question those working arrangements that ignore the complexity of human diversity. It further appraises the provision of equal employment opportunities for disabled people warning against certain limits in the consideration of employment as nothing but gainful employment in international human rights law.


MPI is a common interface for communication in parallel environments. In this document, two strategies to apply MPI to user-defined data types are discussed. Subsequently, two implementations of an MPI extension for the data types contained in the C++ class library C-XSC are presented. Parallel environments and the necessary steps to use C-XSC programs with MPI communication routines in this environment are shortly described focussing on the parallel supercomputer ALiCEnext [1] and its practical access. Some test results for the new implementations are given. Finally, the development of an integral equation solver in C-XSC and its parallelization using the new MPI extension are discussed. The package of MPI communication routines for C-XSC ist going to be further enhanced and more extensive tests are being done. The source code will be available at http://www.math.uni-wuppertal.de/wrswt/xsc/cxsc −software.html .


The research methods of literature,visit,questionnaire etc.were used to make an analysis of the present learning and training condition of high-Level athletes in partial institutes of Physical Education of our country,and the main factors forming the contradiction of learning and training as well.It put forward changing athletes' ideological knowledge and setting right their learning attitude through ideological education;harmonizing the time of learning and training to enhance efficiency;giving play to the advantage possessed by institutes of Physical Education to construct high-level sports teams;increasing the investment in fine athletes' cultural and educational fund,so as to improve school-running conditions.


The decision-making process is a knowledgeintensive activity, supported by DSS, that warrants close monitoring in most enterprises to ensure its success. Numerous frameworks for the evaluation of DSS effectiveness were proposed in the literature. However, many use metrics that are survey-based to reflect users' perception of the system's value. Based on the premise that metrics should be as objective as possible, this paper proposes a learning metric that assess the cognitive effects of DSS and their impact on decision performance. Drawing from the current tendency of using DSS in e-learning platforms, we define a learning metric that includes factors such as time spent on tasks, decision-aids use versus cumulated personal experience from previous usage, regret avoidance, decision outcome, and decision rejection/acceptance from higher management. Based on a criteria application process, we validate the proposed metric by first specifying its intent of use to determine the appropriate validation criteria, then demonstrating its viability against these criteria. An experimental case study is conducted to further attest to the validity of the proposed learning metric


Conventional forms of individual and centralised sanitation are coming under increasing criticism. In particular, the enormous costs and high water consumption of centralised systems and the groundwater pollution and inadequacy for densly populated areas of latrines and cesspits mean that they are also definitely not suitable as a blanket solution for developing countries, especially in arid climate zones. Moreover, all conventional types of wastewater and sewage disposal systems usually deprive agriculture, and consequently food production, of the valuable nutrients contained in human excrement.


This paper presents a novel strategy to prepare nano-lignin and its composites with natural rubber. The nano- lignin was ontained by fabricating colloidal lignin-Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) complexes (LPCs) via self-assembly technology. The characteristics of LPCs were investigated by zeta potential, dynamic light scat- tering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet - visible (UV-vis) absorption measurements. The results indicated that PDADMAC intensively interacted with lignin by cation-! and !-! interactions, and lignin particles were stable in aqueous solution with an average particle size less than 100 nm. LPCs accelerated the vulcanization of NR/LPCs nanocomposites. Morphological studies and Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed the homogeneous dispersion of LPCs in the NR matrix and the strong interfacial adhesion between them. The nanoscale dispersion of LPCs significantly enhanced the thermal stability and mechanical properties of NR/LPCs nanocomposites.


Background: Visit-to-visit variability (VVV) of blood pressure (BP) has been associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of the number and timing of visits and BP measurement device (manual or automated) on VVV of BP have not been investigated thoroughly. Design and methods: We examined the influence of the number and timing of visits and BP measurement device on VVV using data from the placebo arm of the Trial of Preventing Hypertension (TROPHY) (n = 225, 18 follow-up visits) and a simulation study (n = 200, 100 follow-up visits). VVV was assessed using the intra-individual standard deviation (SD) of systolic BP. Results: The intra-individual SD increased with number of visits used to calculate VVV in both the TROPHY population and the simulated data (Figure). Using the mean of 3 manual measurements per visit from consecutive visits (median time between visits = 3 months) in TROPHY, the average SD was 5.6 mmHg from 3 visits, 6.8 mmHg from 7 visits, and 7.7 mmHg from 18 visits. When the 7 visits were spread out across 4 years (median time between visits = 8 months), the average SD was higher (7.5 mmHg). The SD was higher when using a single BP measurement per visit and with automated versus manual devices. Figure. No caption available. Conclusions: The number and timing of visits and BP measurement device influence the intra-individual SD of BP and need to be considered when designing, interpreting and comparing studies of VVV of BP.


Need This study developed a novel automatic stapling device for improving the speed and stability of suturing in laparoscopic surgery. Technical Solution The stapling device included 3 components: driver module, actuator module, and transmission module. Proof of concept A negative water leakage test of the in vitro intestinal defect model preliminarily demonstrated the safety of the new automatic stapling device. The suturing time for skin and peritoneal defects through the automatic stapling device was significantly shorter than that through the ordinary needle-holder suture (P < .05). These 2 suture methods had good tissue alignment. The automatic suture showed less inflammatory cell infiltration and lower inflammatory response scores at the tissue incision on days 3 and 7 after surgery compared with the ordinary needle-holder suture, with statistically significant differences (P < .05). Next steps In the future, the device needs to be further optimized and the experimental needs to be supplemented to provide some evidence for clinical use. Conclusion This novel automatic stapling device for knotless barbed suture designed in this study has advantages of shorter suturing time and milder inflammatory responses than the ordinary needle-holder suture, safe and feasible in laparoscopic surgery.


Structure and mechanical properties of DNA play a key role in its biological functioning. A lot of well-established conclusions about the DNA structure and its sequence-dependent variability came from various experimental and computational studies of the Dickerson-Drew dodecamer (DD), a prototypic B-DNA molecule of the sequence (5')CGCGAATTCGCG(3'). In this study we present a detailed analysis of structural and mechanical properties of DD based on extensive atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with explicit representation of water and ionic environment. We analyze three simulated systems covering different ionic conditions and water models. Two MD trajectories are reported for the first time, one of them being 2.4 μs long. An extensive comparsion with one recent NMR structure and four recent X-ray structures is made. It is found that the end basepairs can adopt two different pairing motifs during the simulation: the canonical Watson-Crick pair or a noncanonical trans Watson-Crick/Sugar Edge pair. These states can significantly influence the structure of DD even at the third step from the end. A clear relationship is found between the BI/BII backbone substates and the basepair step conformation. A model of rigid bases is used to study mechanical properties of the DNA. The non-local stiffness matrices of the model are calculated for all of the simulations and compared using the Riemann distance and Kullback-Leibler divergence. The validity of the nearest-neighbour approximation is also disccussed. It is found that structural parameters converge very well within 200 ns, while more time may be needed for the convergence of the BI/BII populations and especially stiffness matrices. There are rare non-canonical states observed during the simulations, like broken H-bonds or the so called γ-flips, which can influence the stiffness properties. A method is proposed to predict changes in DNA shape and stiffness upon fixing some of the structural parameters, which can mimic the effect of ligand binding to the DNA.


This paper investigates organization problems of large wireless sensor networks. In spite of their random deployment, nodes have to organize themselves as energy efficient as possible to avoid redundant sensor and transceiver tasks. In addition to energy awareness, the network has to guarantee complete sensor coverage and connectivity as long as possible. This paper presents a novel clustering algorithm, which allows building up clusters without knowledge about their position. Next to the advantage that only one node per cluster has to be active at each time, also no node has to localize itself. We compared our developed algorithm with former clustering and redundancy detection approaches in terms of nodes per cluster and coverage abilities.


Clinicians are often faced with the dilemma of determining how long to wait before switching antidepressants. This reanalysis of pooled data from eight


Abstract This case-based educational module is intended to introduce medical students to some of the central issues in medical ethics. The module begins with four clinical cases for the students to...


Accurate intraoperative pathologic examination of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) has been an important tool that can reduce the need for reoperations in patients with SLN‐positive breast cancer. The objective of the current study was to determine the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section (IFS) of SLNs during breast cancer surgery.


In this article,the author gives an appraisal of the pros and cons of New College English integrated course published by Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.


Since 2000, a number of newly-built undergraduate colleges have been established in China. From the perspective of the number of schools and the scale of training talents, newly-built undergraduate colleges account for about one-third of the total amount of higher-level undergraduate education from the analysis of big data. Under the new situation that the country is vigorously promoting the transformation of English teachers, with the upgrading of the national industrial structure and the development of emerging industries, it is particularly urgent to train high-level technical and skilled talents. In October 2015, the Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Finance promulgated the "Guiding Opinions on Guiding the Transformation of Some Local Undergraduate Universities to Applied Types."


A host of man-made products are now available which can be used to improve the rheological and/or adhesive properties of asphalt cement. The laboratory evaluation of five of these asphalt additives (latex, block copolymer rubber, ethylene vinylacetate, finely dispersed polyethylene, and carbon black) is the subject of this report. The primary objective was to evaluate the performance of materials added to asphalt concrete mixtures for the purpose of reducing pavement cracking and/or rutting potential. The laboratory test program was designed to examine stiffness, brittleness and flexibility at low temperatures and high loading rates and evaluate the resistance to fatigue-type tensile loads such as those caused by vehicular loading and thermal variations. The research consisted of a systematic identification of promising types of asphalt additives designed to reduce plastic deformation and cracking in asphalt concrete pavements. Asphalt cements with and without additives were tested in the laboratory to determine chemical, rheological, elastic, fracture and thermal properties as well as sensitivity to heat and oxidation and compatibility between asphalts and additives. Asphalt concrete mixtures were tested to determine stability, compactibility and water susceptibility as well as stiffness, tensile, fatigue and creep/permanent deformation properties as functions of temperature.


The invention relates to the field of polymer chemistry and relates to silicone oil PTFE dispersions, as they can be used as a dispersion lubricants in mechanical engineering. The object of the present invention is to provide silicone oil PTFE dispersions which have a stable dispersion, and improved lubrication properties. The object is inventively achieved by silicone oil PTFE dispersions comprised of silicone oil and PTFE particles having functional groups and / or radicals, said silicone oil molecules with the PTFE particle surfaces are physically interact and / or via a reaction with functional groups covalent bonds and / or salt linkages and / or are chemically coupled via a reaction with radicals, and the PTFE particles are electrostatically charged, and free functional groups and / or radicals of the PTFE and / or on PTFE are available for covalent bonds with a substrate surface , The object is further achieved are dispersed under shear by a method in which PTFE (micro) powder and silicone oil.


Muon Cooling is the key factor in building of a Muon collider, (to a less degree) Muon storage ring, and a Neutrino Factory. Muon colliders potential to provide a probe for fundamental particle physics is very interesting, but may take a considerable time to realize, as much more work and study is needed. Utilizing high intensity Muon sources - Neutrino Factories, and other intermediate steps are very important and will greatly expand our abilities and confidence in the credibility of high energy muon colliders. To obtain the needed collider luminosity, the phase-space volume must be greatly reduced within the muon life time. The Ionization cooling is the preferred method used to compress the phase space and reduce the emittance to obtain high luminosity muon beams. We note that, the ionization losses results not only in damping, but also heating. The use of alternating solenoid lattices has been proposed, where the emittance are large. We present an overview of the cooling and discuss formalism, solenoid magnets and some beam dynamics.


The cis-[RuCl2(PPh3)2(N−N)] (N−N = bipy (1), Me-bipy (2), phen (3), and bathophen (4)) complexes were used to synthesize five new electron-rich phosphine-containing complexes cis-[RuCl2(dcype)(N−N)] (N−N = bipy (1a), Me-bipy (2a), phen (3a), and bathophen (4a)) and cis-[RuCl2(PEt3)2(bipy)] (1c) by phosphine exchange. These complexes were obtained and characterized by NMR (31P{1H}, 1H), cyclic voltammetry, and elemental analysis. Electrochemical studies of these complexes reveal a single reduction process (RuIII/RuII). These complexes are more easily oxidized than their analogues cis-[RuCl2(dppb)(N−N)]. The reactivity of complexes cis-[RuCl2(dcype)(N−N)] with carbon monoxide was tested, and dissociation of one chloride was observed, leading to the formation of four new cationic species with general formula [RuCl(CO)(dcype)(N−N)](PF6) (bipy (1b), Me-bipy (2b), phen (3b), and bathophen (4b)). The complexes described here and elsewhere with general formulas cis-[RuCl2(P−P)(N−N)], [RuCl(CO)(dcype)(N−N)](PF6), ...


ABSTRACT The study focused on sampling procedures and analysis of biological and physico-chemical quality elements (according to the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD)) and aimed at defining reference conditions and sites, maximum ecological potential, specific physico-chemical and hydromorphological conditions for assessed surface water types of "rivers" and "lakes" categories. Biological quality elements (BQE) and their metrics were selected in compliance with WFD requirements and its additional guidelines. All five compulsory BQEs were surveyed (phytoplankton, macrophyte flora, phytobenthos, macrozoobenthos, fish fauna) towards establishing rivers and lakes ecological status and potential. Current research indicates a certain necessity for integration of all assessments and analysis of ecological status/potential and their direct link to the measurement and monitoring programmes in Bulgaria.


"Objective – The objective of the study is to analyze the application of Islamic Corporate Governance (ICG) on Sustainable Business, focusing on Islamic Financial Performance as a mediating variable in Islamic Banks in Indonesia. Methodology/Technique – The population and sample in the study consists of 9 Islamic Banks. The study uses partial least square (PLS), and the data is collected from public reports for the period between 2010 and 2015. The variables of the study are: Islamic Corporate Governance as an independent variable, Sustainable Business as the dependent variable and Financial Performance as a mediating variable. Findings – The study shows that Islamic Corporate Governance (ICG) has a positive significant effect on Islamic Financial Performance, Islamic Corporate Governance (ICG) has no effect on Sustainable Business, and Islamic Financial Performance has a positive effect on Sustainable Business. The findings also show that Islamic Financial Performance can have an indirect impact to mediating the effect of Islamic Corporate Governance on Sustainable Business Islamic Bank. Novelty – Using Murabahah ratio to measure Islamic Financial Performance."


The planktonic barnacle larva has a single median ocellus (nauplius eye), while the adult possesses two distinct sets of photoreceptors; a pair of lateral ocelli and a single median ocellus. The nauplius eye of the cypris larva of Balanus amphitrite hawaiiensis is composed of 14 visual cells grouped into three components (a pair of lateral components and a single ventral component) surrounding two centrally located pigment cells; each lateral component consists of 5 visual cells and the ventral component, 4 visual cells. In each component, the rhabdom is made up of apposing microvilli arising directly from the neighboring visual cell bodies.


The aim of this work is to present one of five instruments that will be employed in the research mentioned above. The written production of 400 children with no learning disabilities will be assessed through a holistic focalized guideline, which is different from the pure or simple holistic assessment, whose objective is to classify a written composition to make it match with a graded series of other compositions or to assign a score to the domain of certain features relevant to the type of written text with a guideline that describes each feature and identifies high, medium and low quality levels. The guideline that will be employed is also different from the Primary Trait Score, which directs the test-giver's attention to those characteristics relevant to the type of discourse required and in which not carrying out the instructions to do the task is severely penalized. Focused Holistic Assessment, instead, is a fusion of both, Holistic Assessment and Primary Trait Scoring, and is an assessment instrument that satisfactorily harmonizes with the production of narrative texts. It assesses the general quality of written texts, regardless of how the producers of those texts respond to specific aspects of a given topic. The instrument presented here in is an assessment guideline that addresses both general characteristics of writing and specific characteristics of the text type required (narration).


Abstract Vietnam is known as an agricultural country with a variety of agricultural crops. In addition to agricultural by-products, bio-waste is the by-product from livestock waste, forestry, industry, and daily life. They affect the soil, water, and air environment by self-degradation processes in the environment. Therefore, researchers have come up with ideas for the usage of the by-products to decrease the amount of waste and minimize the environmental effects. In Vietnam, the by-products were used by researchers to produce bio-ethanol, fertilizers, composites, and activated carbon (AC). AC is one of the materials used to rapidly reduce the number of agricultural by-products by researchers. The synthesis process is optimized for the highest yield, while the physicochemical properties are also clearly analyzed through the X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and Bacterial endotoxin testing assays. The average recorded specific surface area was about 300 m2 g−1. The functional groups and surface structure showed that the material has an amorphous structure with –OH, –CH, –CC, –C═C, –C═O groups. The AC from agricultural waste had been studied and applied to treat pollutants present in water.


Consider problems of the form \[({\text{P}})\qquad min \{ . {f(x)} |Ex \geqq b\} ,\] where f is a strictly convex (possibly nondifferentiable) function and E and b are, respectively, a matrix and a vector. A popular method for solving special cases of (P) (e.g., network flow, entropy maximization, quadratic program) is to dualize the constraints $Ex \geqq b$ to obtain a differentiable maximization problem and then apply an iterative ascent method to solve it. This method is simple and can exploit sparsity, thus making it ideal for large-scale optimization and, in certain cases, for parallel computation. Despite its simplicity, however, convergence of this method has been shown only under certain very restrictive conditions and only for certain special cases of (P). In this paper a block coordinate ascent method is presented for solving (P) that contains as special cases both dual coordinate ascent methods and dual gradient methods. It is shown, under certain mild assumptions on f and (P), that this method...


The present invention provides a method and an equipment for processing femtocell paging on accessing scene, the method includes the following steps: when a user terminal (UE) is in the state of idle, an access network element stores the context information of the UE (201); the access network element receives a downlink packet which is sent to the idle UE, the target address of the downlink packet is replaced by a public network address of the UE according to the context information of the UE (202); the access network element forwards the downlink packet to a service gateway by a Packet data network Gateway (P-GW), and indicates the service gateway to initiate a paging to the UE and a connection is established (203). By storing the context information of the idle UE in the access network element, the present invention can replace the target address of the downlink packet of idle UE with a public network address of the UE, thus the downlink packet is routed to the service gateway, then the paging to the UE is triggered from the service gateway. The invention enables the downlink packet to be sent to the UE, and the service to be proceeded normally when UE is in the state of idle.


Producer of high-value, small quantity chemicals is troubled by inaccurate weighing and filling which result in customer complaints of shortages. Considering that competition is based on customer service, the president is anxious to pinpoint the extent and case of the problem. Machinery and labor problems might be responsible, assuming that there are shortages in completed inventory. A sample has been taken of five items, and the question is whether to sample further, to refill and reprocess, or to ship somewhat more than the customer wants.

Excerpt

UVA-QA-0051

Specialty Distilled Chemicals Corporation

Wiping his hand across his forehead, Mr. Robert Bannerman put down the telephone. He had just received the third call in a week complaining about a shipment that had averaged on the short side. To compound his irritation, he had learned the week before that consumption of material in the previous month was substantially in excess of the amounts needed given the output of finished goods. Since he knew that there had not been a change in work-in-process, Mr. Bannerman presumed that either there had been considerable waste or that some orders had been overfilled.

Specialty Distilled Chemicals Corporation, of which Mr. Bannerman was president, was a small, regional processor and compounder of specialty chemical products. The company's line was a broad one, with its products typically being packaged in small units of high value. Individual containers ranged from one quart to 10 gallons and seldom were larger than 50 gallons.

Although the composition of Specialty's products required great care, packaging them was less difficult. Weight sensitive machinery was used, but frequent changes in product, slight variations in density between batches, and the impact of certain compounds on the machinery itself adversely affected accuracy.

Specialty Distilled Chemicals was one of 15 odd companies competing in a large metropolitan area. Competition was generally on the basis of customer service rather than on price because all firms could purchase raw materials at about the same cost. Margins were satisfactory but not generous, a situation Mr. Bannerman found tolerable given the relatively low fixed costs and high variable labor and material requirements.

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The production of pectolytic enzyme in the genus Kluyveromyces was investigated. The production of the enzymewas dependent on the strain, and some strains belonging to K. fragilis, K. marxianus, and K. wickerhamii produced this enzyme among 11 species (29 strains) of the genus Kluyveromyces. K. fragilis IFO 0288 produced at least four endo-polygalacturonases which have different molecular weights. The dominant endo-polygalacturonase in the culture filtrate of the strain was purified and isolated as crystals. The purified enzyme was homogeneous based on analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. The enzyme was a glycoprotein having an isoelectric point around pH 5.6. The sedimentation coefficient (S20, w) was 3.77S, and the molecular weight was around 33, 000. The enzyme contained aspartic acid (asparagine), serine, threonine, and glycine at relatively high levels. The enzyme showed the highest activity around pH 5.0 and was stable at pH 5.0 up to 30°C. With the enzyme, and activity which releases highly polymerized pectin from various protopectins (protopectinase activity) was found.


There are many foreign examples of "Transit Mall" which characterizes Light Rail Transit system. However, in Japan, accumulation of understanding and know-how for transit malls is not sufficient. Therefore, introducing a transit mall is believed to be very inconvenient as the car is completely shut out of the city center. In this research, traffic regulations of street networks including transit malls were investigated in overseas cities. As a result, it was revealed that access by car is permitted even in the vicinity of a large pedestrian zone. In the city center of European cities, general vehicles are allowed to cross over transit malls and are permitted to pass through a part of the transit mall.


In prehistoric times uncountable rock art images of mammals and anthropomorphs have been manufactured across the globe. It is now a fact that in real life most of those creatures discharge all kinds of tangible stuff, as well as intangible sounds and energy. All those discharges leave the body (of an average human being) through at least five million openings, most of which are pores. In this study discharges of perspiration via pores will be ignored, as it is unlikely that this kind of excretion will ever have been depicted in rock art (however, Pecos Style images from southern Texas, USA, are said to sometimes show "armpit-hair", which might in fact symbolise sweat as well). Instead, the focus will be on the representations of defecating elephants in African rock art, mainly concentrating on the petroglyphs of the Messak Plateau of the Central Sahara. Despite the fact that those discharges are very common in real life, it proves that they are only extremely rarely depicted in rock art and, moreover, many such representations are often ambiguous. It must also be emphasised here that in many cases (if not in the great majority) the rock art images of those discharges may well concern a more metaphorical than a literal event. Finally, this study does not pretend to being comprehensive, especially as I certainly will not claim to know all instances depicting (defecating) elephants in African rock art. There definitely are more examples unknown to me, while preparing this study. Defecation in Rock Art


In this paper, the phase change material (PCM) to increase the heat capacity of buildings is applied to building materials. The building materials use not only sensible heat but also latent heat so that the building materials are useful to maintain the pleasant indoor environment and to save the building energy. The purpose of this paper is to reduce the greenhouse gases due to building use. The model experimental research results are as follows. (1) The test shows that the sheet or pipe type heat storage materials are effective to reduce the daily temperature range, rather than the standard type. (2) The sheet type material has better capacity than the pipe type material to delay the increase in indoor temperature. (3) The building material mixing the phase change material can be useful to maintain indoor comfortably.


Place branding is a phenomenon that has grown over the past decade as more and more places seek to become brands in the hope of creating a certain uniqueness that will distinguish them and highlight their competitive advantage to attract and retain various target customers. However, a place branding strategy must not be conceived only around the creation and the management of a place brand but also by mobilizing other ways in order to strengthen the place existence and give it a meaning in the minds of intramural and extramural customers. Thus, the aim of this article is to expose the different instruments that local officials can use as part of a general place management strategy. The instruments of place branding presented here are the place association with personalities, the construction of flagship buildings and structures, as well as the organization of hallmark events.


This paper attempts to enlarge the class of Threshold Heteroscedastic Models (TARCH) introduced by Zakoian (1991). We show that it is possible to relax the positivity constraints on the parameters of the conditional variance. Unconstrained models provide a greater generality of the paths allowing for non-linearities in the volatility. Cyclical behavior is permitted as well as different relative impacts of positive and negative shocks on volatility, depending on their size. We give empirical evidence using French stock returns. Copyright 1993 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The use of stock options in executive compensation is encouraged by current accounting treatment, which in most cases does not result in compensation expense. Amid increasing public concern about executive compensation levels, FASB is returning its attention to proposals to revise the accounting rules for stock options. At the same time, the SEC is reconsidering its requirements for disclosing the value of executive stock options. In addition to reviewing the status of these projects, this article analyzes the option valuation models that might be used if new accounting or disclosure rules are adopted.


In this interview, F. Kovac, vice president of tire development for Goodyear says that the increasing use of front-wheel drive has prompted tire engineers to consider the need for different rear and front tires. In studying this possibility, Goodyear engineers will monitor performance of Eagle NCT street radials this year on front-wheel drive racing sedans in the International Motor Sports Association's Champion Spark Plug Challenge Road Racing Series, where many thousands of miles of highway wear and tear can be compressed into a few hundred miles of high-speed competition.


: Small unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs) typically rely on a fixed pitch propeller to produce required thrust. Knowledge of the propeller performance characteristics can help to properly choose or design an optimal propeller for a given SUAV and its mission. These characteristics can be obtained by a number of methods, with this paper focusing on the so-called blade element Joukowsky model (BEM). The original model was derived for the propeller operating in an axial flow. This paper explains a modified version of the original algorithm to introduce a non-zero incident angle to the calculation. Furthermore, it presents results from the measurement of the Bambula 18x8 fixed pitch propeller in an incident flow and compares the results from the measurement with the calculated data.


This paper reviews progress on urban storm water management and pollution control, with emphasis on non- and low-structurally intensive techniques along with the total system approach encompassing control-treatment.

Many of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's demonstration-evaluation projects are presented to exemplify: Land Management Techniques, i.e., land use planning, best use of natural drainage, dual use of retention and drainage facilities required for flood control designed concurrently or retrofitted for pollution control, porous pavement, surface sanitation, and chemical use control; Collection Systems Control, i.e., catchbasin cleaning, flow regulators (including swirl and helical devices), and the new concepts of elimination or reduction of unauthorized cross-connections, in-channel/conduit storage and/or other forms of storage for bleed-back to existing treatment plants; Storage including in-receiving water storage; Treatment, i.e., physical/chemical, disinfection, and a treatment-control planning and design guidebook; Sludge and Solids Residue from Treatment; and Integrated Systems, i.e., storage/treatment, dual-use wet-weather flow/dry-weather flow facilities, and reuse of stormwater for nonpotable purposes.

Recommendations for the future in the areas of: control based on receiving water impacts, toxics characterization and their control, sewer system cross-connections, integrated stormwater management, and institutional/sociological/economic conflicts are also presented.


Induction Machines in the Industry. Topology and Operation of Induction Machines Materials and Losses. Windings and their mmfs. No-Load Field Distribution. Equivalent Circuit Parameters. Steady-State Performance Calculations. On-Load Saturation and Frequency Effects on Circuit Parameters. Skewing and Inter-Bar Rotor Currents. Space Harmonics in Airgap Field. Core and Winding Fundamental and Harmonic Losses. Thermal Modeling. Space Phasor Models for Transients and Variable-Speed Operation. Design Specifications. Preoptimization Design Methods and Case Studies. Design Optimization Methods. Design Optimization Case Studies for Constant Frequency Operation. Design Optimization Case Studies for Variable Frequency Variable Speed Operation. Design of Induction Generators. Design of High-Speed Induction Motors Linear Induction Motors. Ultra-High Frequency Effects of Power Electronics Tests on Induction Machines. Induction Motor Monitoring. Single-Phase Induction Motors.


Introduction: Recent studies have shown that the results of vascular function tests, such as pulse wave velocity or cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), were associated with pulmonary function in children or hypertensive patients, and increased CAVI might be correlated with progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the association between vascular function and pulmonary function remains unclear, especially in healthy adult people. Arterial velocity index (AVI) is a novel arterial stiffness index that can be measured more easily than previous methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between AVI and pulmonary function test results in the healthy adult population.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of healthy adults aged 20 years or older at a single large medical center in Hachinohe, Japan between April 2014 and March 2015. We measured AVI using cuff oscillometry. AVI means the characteristics of pulse waves at higher cuff pressure than systolic BP. The outcome measure was forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), which was measured with spirometry. We used log-transformed values of AVI and FEV1, as the distributions of these values were skewed. We calculated a correlation coefficient between AVI and FEV1, and performed multiple linear regression analyses to adjust for effects of age, sex, height, and smoking status.

Results: In total, 777 men and 530 women participated in this study. The mean age of total participants was 44.9 years (SD = 5.9), and the percentage of current smokers was 32.0 % (418 out of 1,307). The mean AVI was 15.6 (SD = 4.9), and the mean FEV1 was 3.13 L (SD = 0.65). AVI was negatively correlated with FEV1 (r = –0.21, p < 0.001). In fully-adjusted models, AVI was independently associated with FEV1 (β = –0.03, p = 0.017, 95 % CI = –0.06 to –0.01).

Conclusions: Our study showed that an increase of arterial stiffness as assessed via AVI was independently associated with a decrease in FEV1 in the healthy Japanese population. Further study is warranted to confirm these findings in cohort studies.


From the triangle relations among quality, schedule and cost of project management, and the operability and credibility of result of weapon equipment integrated supervision model, this paper analyzed the requirements of weapon equipment integrated supervision, and studied on the conditions of convergence in probability, diminishing marginal benefits rates and limitation of weapon equipment integrated supervision function. Using Kano quality model and by means of statistical equilibrium analysis method, this paper described the produce and solution process of weapon equipment integrated supervision function. Combining the process of equipment development and by means of qualitative and quantitative calculation, and led by the great quality view, this paper described the solution process of contact integrated supervision function using a typical faulty of Z-8 helicopter as an example. In the end, this paper carried out the work of risk decision and risk early warning using the result of equipment integrated supervision function.


A composite picture of the status of the Papacy in international law as described by the text-book writers down to 1929 has notably clear outlines. From the 8th century until 1870, the Pope, in addition to his spiritual authority as supreme head of the Roman Catholic Church, had, except for brief intervals, the rights of temporal sovereignty as head of a state. In that year Rome was occupied on September 20 by an Italian army, the occupation was ratified by popular vote, and the city made the capital of the Kingdom of Italy by the Italian Parliament on October 2; on October 9 it was annexed by royal decree, which was confirmed by law of December 31; in consequenceof which the Papal States disappeared and the temporal power of the Popewas ended. On May 13, 1871, the Italian Parliament enacted the Law of Guarantees which regulated the status of the Pope, so far as Italy was concerned, and purported to extend to him all necessary safeguards for the freeexercise throughout the world of his spiritual authority. This law securedto him personal inviolability and exemption from criminal liability, thoughhe remained subject to the civil courts of Italy, and it bestowed or recognized his enjoyment of certain rights and privileges belonging in other cases to temporal sovereigns, such as maintaining an armed force, freedom of correspondence and sending and receiving representatives to and from states beyond Italy. As a municipal statute, the Law of Guarantees could conferno international status upon the Pope, and although it might have been made the basis of treaty agreement between Italy and any Catholic or other Power, it was, so far as known, never so treated, and therefore remained legallyalways capable of change by Italy alone. The Popes never formally acceptedthe provisions of this law nor the endowment granted by it, and in protest against the events of 1870 they objected to any Catholic sovereignvisiting the King of Italy, and remained after their election perpetually with in the Vatican without emerging on to other Italian soil. The Poperetained the right to make with sovereign states concordats concerningecclesiastical affairs, as before his loss of temporal power; and continued toexercise the rights of active and passive legation as assured by the Law of Guarantees. The Papal household subsisted on food and water whose deprivation would have threatened life itself had Italy joined for a month inthe policy of non-intercourse adopted for the Pope personally. The statusof the Pope in international law was abnormal and unique.


Aiming at the problem of classified personnel quality evaluation, with the aid of competency model which commonly used in human resource management and performance. The author researches on the five aspects classified personnel quality, Obtain the empirical data through questionnaire, It is concluded that the characteristics of load and variance accounted by using statistical analysis. The results showed that the classified staff competency model can be classified into five factors : Organizational identification, business ability, psychological level, security standard, comprehensive quality. Finally, the author also discusses the competency model of classified reference value for the selection and training of personnel management.


The intralaryngeal muscles of 5 infants and 10 adults were studied by myosin-ATPase histochemistry. We found different proportions of muscle fiber constitution in the intralaryngeal muscles of infants versus adults. In adults, most of the type 1 muscle fibers were found in the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle, a moderate amount was found in the lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA), internalarytenoid (INA) and cricothyroid (CT) muscles, and the least amount of type 1 fibers in the thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle. In infants, the largest amount of type 1 muscle fiber was observed in the PCA, moderate amounts in the CT, and the smallest amounts were found in the LCA, INA and TA muscles. These results showed that the PCA, both in infants and adults, was capable of resisting fatigue and thus adaptable to the requirements of respiration. The TA muscle could contract fast enough to adapt itself to the requirements of voice production, and would function less in the protection of the respiratory tract. The proportion of type 1 fibers in infant's intralaryngeal muscles was greater than in adults, indicating that infants have more immature voice production and poorer protection of their respiratory tract than adults.


This paper analyses how several spatial variables coming from cities and transportation system can affect money market, specially the income velocity of circulation, assuming an unit-elastic aggregate demand function and considering money velocity as a variable. Fluctuations in velocity caused by some spatial variables, under certain conditions, can affect the aggregate demand curve. The specification of the main relation-ship has found in the Baumol-Tobin model for transaction money demand, and in Christaller-LA¶sch central place theory. The estimation of the model has been based on panel data techniques and applied across 61 countries during 14 years in the 1978-1991 period. Theoretical and econometric results indicates that seven spatial variables like the countryÂ's first city population, the population density, the passengers-kilometer transported by railways, and several ratios referred to some geographical variables, can provokes fluctuations on aggregate demand curve in the short run. In the long run, the aggregate supply can be also affected by means of these variables. In order to checking this question, considering that these spatial variables are not product factor, we propose to observe if these variables can affect the technological progress coefficient, A, concerning to an aggregate production function, according to a neo-classical growth model. Results by means of the Mankiw, Romer and Weil method, and also by means of an endogenous growth model of technology diffusion, indicates that some spatial variables affect the speed of convergence relative to the real per head income, across these 61 countries. However, a certain amount in some of these variables generates a congestion process in some countries. For checking it, we utilize a Barro and Sala i Martin endogenous growth model which reflects government activities. The concluding remarks indicates that some of these spatial variables above mentioned increases the speed of convergence but generates congestion in some countries. These spatial variables also affect the aggregate supply, and hence the price and output levels. Key words: transportation, regional growth, convergence, congestion. JEL Class.: R41


The Gaia archive is being designed and implemented by the DPAC Consortium. The purpose of the archive is to maximize the scientific exploitation of the Gaia data by the astronomical community. Thus, it is crucial to gather and discuss with the community the features of the Gaia archive as much as possible. It is especially important from the point of view of the GENIUS project to gather the feedback and potential use cases for the archive. This paper presents very briefly the general ideas behind the Gaia archive and presents which tools are already provided to the community.


The paper mainly studied the natual colored cotton knitted fabrics treated with different ways of common scouring mercerizing,double mecerizing and double mercerizing combined with cellulase,and the influence of the above three ways of treatments to the shade and mechanical properties of natural colored cotton knitted fabric.From the comparison of the loss of weight,brightness,color fastness and tenacity of the fabrics with different treatment technology,the result shows that the double mercerizing is a good way to improve the shade and handle of natural colored cotton knitted fabric,especially combined with the cellulase treatment.


The most common reason for blindness is diabetic retinopathy. Now it is diagnosis by human supervision or interaction using colour retinal images. . The proposed system is aimed to diagnose the type of diseases in the retina and to automatically detect and segment retinal diseases without human supervision . The system will diagnose the disease present in the retina using a neural network based classifier. The extent of the disease in the retina can be identified by extracting the textural features of the retina. The system has the ability to diagnose the diseases like Diabetic Retinopathy and Drusen. Keywords—LVQ,PCM,FAR,FRR, SOM, Tele- ophthalmology


A new thin-film heat flux array (HFA) was designed and fabricated using a series of nickel/copper differential thermocouples deposited onto a thin Kapton® polyimide film. A special bank of amplifiers was designed and built to measure the signal from the HFA. Calibrations were performed to determine the gage's sensitivity and temporal response. The HFA produced signals of 42 µV (W cm−2)−1 with a measured first-order response time of 32 ms. The apparent thermal conductivity of the Kapton used was larger than what is usually reported. The design methodology, construction techniques, steady-state and transient calibrations, and a test case are all discussed.


1. Thirty-three patients who had had stapling of the lower femoral and upper tibial epiphysis to correct inequality of the leg lengths were reviewed after maturity. The staples were inserted so that correction of the disparity would coincide with termination of growth. 2. The predicted corrections were found to be inaccurate. The error was 47 per cent in girls operated on between ten and twelve and 51 per cent in boys between ten and thirteen. In older children the prediction was more accurate. 3. Despite the inaccuracy of prediction only four patients were left with shortening of more than 3·5 centimetres. 4. Complications of the operation were deformity, ligamentous laxity, subjective symptoms and necessity for further operation. 5. Only one girl had a serious deformity—genu recurvatum of 25 degrees. Half the patients had minor degrees of hyperextension. 6. The causes of the complications are discussed and suggestions made how their incidence might be reduced. 7. It is concluded that the operation of stapling the epiphyses around the knee of the long leg has a small but useful part to play in the correction of inequality of leg lengths. It should be confined to tall boys over thirteen and girls over twelve.


Perforated Steel Strip Composite Plastics(PSSCP) is a new composite pipe which is acknowledged worldwide.In this paper,in order to meet the stress-strength of composite pipe mechanical properties for saving composite pipe production and experimental cost,the first-order finite element method is used.The calculation result show that through the optimized,the perforated steel thickness of composite pipe is reduced effectively,and the costs is reduced by 20%.Finally,by increasing the mesh density of hole edge,the results tend to exact values,and composite pipe stiffness is validated.The optimization requirements are satisfied by the validation as well,which provides a new way for PSSCP's optimization.


The COMOFLO dynamic Monte Carlo algorithm is extended to enable the simulation of steady-state extensional rheology of dense melts for the first time ever. This significant advancement provides the ability to accurately capture the extensional viscosity of entangled polymer melts from low deformation rates, throughout the strain hardening regime, and into the region of viscosity thinning To do so, the purely extensional flow field associated with a four roll mill experiment is implemented in three dimensions. Periodic boundary conditions exist in all directions to enable a uniform deformation rate throughout the simulation domain. As expected, the extensional viscosity is four times the zero shear viscosity at low deformation rates. As the deformation rate increases, the extensional viscosity increases, plateaus, and then decreases. The algorithm thus correctly captures the physics of polymer melts in extensional flow in a fully a priori manner while providing significant computational advantages over molecular dynamics methods. Because the technique is applicable to polydisperse systems, the ability to predict in an a priori manner both shear and elongational rheology for linear polymer melts of arbitrary molecular weight distribution can now be considered a solved problem.


Financial reports can have a positive impact on the development of BUMNag. From financial reports, systematic data and information can be obtained on the business so as to assist in making decisions. The presentation of financial statements must be good and in accordance with the criteria that are understandable, relevant, reliable, and comparable, so that it can be useful in making decisions that affect the performance and image of the company going forward. In making financial statements, a company must comply with existing Financial Accounting Standards. In compiling the financial statements of BUMNag Baringin Saiyo encountered several obstacles, namely the problem of existing human resources, a lack of knowledge of accounting knowledge which was not sufficient to make account adjustments, and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards. The purpose of the service activity is to prepare financial reports for BUMNag Baringin   SAIYO according to Financial Accounting Standards. The resulting financial statements consist of a Profit and Loss report, a Statement of Financial Position, and notes to the financial statements.


ABSTRACT Combining results from four separate studies of gender equality in Canadian interuniversity sport, which were conducted biennially across four academic years (2010–11, 2012–13, 2014–15, and 2016–17), this paper analyses gender inequality in both athletic participation opportunities and leadership positions (coaching and administrative) across the 56 universities that comprise U SPORTS, the pan-Canadian governing body for Canadian interuniversity sport. Our findings indicate that Canadian interuniversity sport is characterised by persistent and ongoing gender inequality in both the opportunity to participate as an athlete and employment in leadership positions. We analyse these results in light of the historical struggle for women's opportunity in Canadian interuniversity sport and the development, but apparent lack of implementation, of U SPORTS' gender equity policies. We also critique the failure of U SPORTS and its member universities to act on the persistent gender inequality identified in our data, despite policy impetus to do so, and provide policy recommendations to address these inequalities.


To achieve the low ppb detection level a major experimental effort and optimization of the TXRF setup are required. The new solution described in this paper leads to enhancement of the TXRF intensity and to improved signal/noise ratio. The adjusted quartz reflector allows control of a reflection angle of a photon beam with respect to the crystal surface with high precision up to 0.006°. The installed adjusted diaphragm (followed by the quartz reflector) substantially reduces the level of registered background in the studied range of x-ray energy. The dependence of the x-ray spectra shape, x-ray intensity and detection limit on the diaphragm width and its position on the photon beam as well as on the value of the glancing angle of x-rays from the sample carrier have been studied. The new optimal parameters found result in essential improvement in detection limit equal to ∼1.0 ppb for elements detected in a liquid sample without any special pre-concentration preparation. Also a very good repeatability of measurements has been reached. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


First-year students completing Musselman Library's portion of the fall 2018 Charting Your Course (CYC) orientation received one of these passports before beginning the activity. After visiting each of the Library departments and learning about work staff members do there, students received a passport stamp in order to track their progress.


We have isolated AspEI, a novel class II restriction endonuclease from Aureobacterium species 3676 recognizing the palindromic sequence 5'-GACnnn/nnGTC-3' generating 3'-protruding mononucleotide. With rspect to its isoschizomer from Eam n105I (1), the novel enzyme can be easily isolated in high purity because of its occurrence as a single restriction enzyme in the Aureobacterium strain and presence of high specific activity even in the crude extract. A nucleotide mapping the sequence 5'-GACn5GTC-3'. The cut positions witiin the AspEI were determined according the enzymatic An an insert an AspEI cleavage used for enzymatic sequencing reactions with a 5'phosphorylated sequencing primer. In a parallel reaction, the primer, [32P]-endlabeled witi T4 PNK annealed to the the labeled primer was extended


AbstractTime-dependent elevated temperature behavior of a two-dimensional (2D) woven melt-infiltrated Sylramic (SiC) ceramic matrix composite (CMC) is investigated. A micromechanics-based model tha...


Much of the world's scholarship, including most of the world's scientific, technical, engineering, and medical discoveries, are published in journal articles. Journal publishing has changed rapidly and dramatically in the last 25 years. Current journal article publishing (both print and online), archiving, and interchange is done in XML using JATS (the Journal Article Tag Suite). JATS is supported and maintained by a NISO Standing Committee and a group of (aging) volunteers. How long can this work be supported by volunteers on standards committees? New technologies may transform journal modeling and related tasks but will not replace the work of skilled practitioners. I see document modeling work becoming a function of libraries. Libraries should support shared standards and document models, including training, tool creation, and documentation. Just as libraries store and preserve physical journals published when scholarship was ink on paper, their cultural heritage preservation role must expand to support the creation and preservation of XML journal articles.


Over 1.2 million patients are diagnosed with, and in active treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) at any given time. Typically, these patients experience discomfort while walking or standing, for any length of time. The LSS treatment algorithm contains a gap of under-treated patients between epidural steroid injections (ESI) and open surgery. With the introduction of a minimally invasive lumbar decompression, or mild®, procedure (Vertos Medical) for spinal stenosis, the LSS patient no longer needs to suffer under-treatment or undergo major lumbar surgery. mild® makes it is possible to address this progressive disease with a progressive option.


When used incorrectly, the risk of machine learning (ML) overfitting is extremely high. However, ML counts with sophisticated methods to prevent: (a) train set overfitting, and (b) test set overfitting.

Thus, the popular belief that ML overfits is false. A more accurate statement would be that: (1) in the wrong hands, ML overfits, and (2) in the right hands, ML is more robust to overfitting than classical methods.

When it comes to modelling unstructured data, ML is the only choice. Classical statistics should be taught as a preparation for ML courses, with a focus on overfitting prevention.


We present an opportunity for an overall system improvement of a very high volume automotive application based on advanced low-level on-chip signal diagnosis. We put our focus on advanced on-sensor diagnosis and added functionality at the very lowest level close to the magnetic signal of an automotive wheel speed sensor. Besides adding diagnosis for the sensor, this enables diagnostics of the entire mechanical system including the magnetic circuit which is crucial for correct operation. We followed a pre-development path starting with extensive automated measurements, simulations, a micro-controller based implementation, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and finally a fully integrated application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). ASIC-blocks can be used for integration in the series product. We demonstrate the low-resource implementation of a lowest level sensor diagnostic signal processing circuit based on harmonic distortion analysis. The development path is reviewed with focus on reuse in the light of the specific requirements, advantages and drawbacks of each approach.


This research aims at finding out the role of technology and information in the company. Generally, information and communication technology aims at providing a general understanding of information and communication technology equipment. This research aims to examine the importance of the application of information technology for a government to obtain the value chain of information technology, which is beneficial for all aspects of efforts to improve efficiency and effectiveness. The research method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method through the socialization of questionnaires and interviews to employees of the Bandung City Government to get more in-depth information. The results prove that information technology has a very important impact on employee performance because it will facilitate all activities to be faster, precise, and accurate, including in the Bandung government. It is because it has utilized modern information technology in managing government management. In conclusion, this research is important to improve the understanding that information technology is necessary and beneficial for the government and win the competition with the private sector. The government must have advantages, core competitiveness, strategies, and innovations, especially in information technology.


Fractures of Joint Ankle Joint ankle represents one of the most complicated anatomic-functional structures of locomotoric apparatus. Upper joint ankle (talocruralis) bind low tip-end of shank (tibia) and fibula with joint bone (talus) and represent joint among the bones of shank and foot bones. Upper joint ankle joint together with lower ankle joint acts like functional, anatomical and clinical entity not only in physiological conditions but as well in injuries. These injuries cause not only damages of bone structure but also of ligaments and soft structures. Fractures of maleolus as the most frequent of low extremities represent 10-12% of all fractures. As the most frequent mechanism of injury of joint ankle the inversion of foot is stated when it is in supination and adduction. This analysis had 151 patient who had joint ankle fracture both sexes, age 18-45, and among them there were 102 men (67.55%) and 49 women (32.45%). The patients whose diagnosis was joint ankle fracture were observed in Orthopedic - Casualty ward of Clinical Centre in Podgorica. The research period was May 2005-May 2009. The results of our research show that the most frequently fractures of joint ankle happened while running 52 patients (34.44%) and the least by fall from the height 22 (14.57%). The most frequent fracture type was SE type 48 (31.79%) and the least PA type 25 (16.56%).


Biosurfactant can be produced from various substrates, mainly renewable resources such as vegetable oils, distillery and dairy wastes. The Biosurfactant was a rhamnolipid-type and had a good foaming, emulsifying and antimicrobial activities. Biosurfactants can also be involved in microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). MEOR methods are used to recover oil remaining in reservoirs after primary (mechanical) and secondary (physical) recovery procedures. The objective of this processes is oil separation of hydrocarbons from oil sludge by biosurfactant. The first step is about isolation pseudomonas bacteria from polluted soil and sludge, was capable producing biosurfactant to emulsify oil. In the second part investigate the effect of various experimental conditions, such as solution pH, biosurfactant concentration and salinity in separation process.


It is sometimes claimed that contemporary Western culture has at its heart a God-‐‑ shaped hole. It is an accusation more specifically levelled at modern art whenever it makes incursions into the church, especially when so many of the chosen artists openly admit to being atheists or agnostics. For some, the increasing use of non-‐‑ confessional artists to produce work for the church is seen as a symptom of this spiritual vacuum; conversely, for others it signifies a repudiation of the premises of this thesis, in that spiritual values are judged to be no less evident just because a conventionally religious sensibility appears to be absent. An unlikely response to this debate may be discerned in Badiou's philosophy of the situated void; unintentionally offering an incisive perspective on this question of a God-‐‑ shaped hole, his ideas disclose the possibility of a rapprochement between theology, spirituality and art. The theologian Rudolf Bultmann once remarked that modern secular culture has at its heart a 'God-‐‑ shaped hole', equating the decline of religious belief with the loss of meaning. Bultmann's supposition was that our so-‐‑ called post-‐‑ Christian age had been emptied of any truly spiritual quality, ironically a crisis exacerbated by Protestant theology itself, whose rigorous exegesis of biblical texts had resulted in a God-‐‑ shaped hole in theology (Fuller 1985: 191–2, 304). Responding to Bultmann's thesis, Langdon Gilkey (1995) argued for art's potential to fill that absence, by implication reiterating the commonly voiced appeal for the museum of art to act as a site of spiritual sustenance. More interesting, perhaps, is a related but tangential response to Bultmann from the respected church historian Allan Doig, who some years ago broached this issue, asking the question, 'is there a God-‐‑ shaped hole in the middle of modern art?' (Doig 1999). Doig's query was directed rather more towards the perception that a spiritual vacuum is endemic to modern and contemporary art, an assumption with which he fundamentally disagrees. His argument is essentially a defence of the use of modern art in churches, using as examples several canonical works well as more recent artists like Antony Gormley, thereby disavowing the notion of modern art's besetting godlessness. This argument has two main thrusts: modern art, especially that produced by non-‐‑ believing artists, need not be feared nor disdained as intrinsically godless, nor should the church, in choosing to patronize it, presume to fill art's …


Ceiling construction method of the present invention, belongs to building decoration field.Purpose is easy in work progress adjusting ceiling board at any time.Comprise the following steps:Step 1: determining the center of indoor roof metope, on the basis of the center, horizontal, longitudinal network ruling is drawn to surrounding;Step 2: calculating the quantity of the joint of transverse grid line and longitudinal network ruling, and make the hanging apparatus and fixture of equivalent;Step 3: installing hanging apparatus;Step 4: fixture is temporarily fixed on into hanging apparatus;Step 5: installing top plate.The present invention, accurately controls the demand of hanging apparatus, fixture and ceiling board while accurate planning installation site;It is fixed again after the completion of all ceiling board layings, facilitates and supported in the regulation in installation process, and ceiling board process of deployment by end plate, effectively prevent the problem of ceiling board drops, improve the security of construction.


Abstract

Public Policy that isn't decided aware to women's need s and neither is the program , can make the program which was implemented to achieve women prosperity failed for improving women role to aim their family health and welfare (P2WKSS) for instance, had been implemented over ten years, in fact, was not impact to women life better. Likewise Family Planning Program (Program KB), had been targeted just for women, whereas men role, deciding how many child and how qualified they life, wasn't a little bit role. These facts were indicated that women are only become the object of development policy and haven't become subject of development policy yet.

Key words: Administrasi Negara, Kebijakan Negara, Pembangunan


There is increasing recognition of the effect that variations in climate may have not only on mean crop yield but also on the probability of achieving acceptable yield levels. In this study, we examined the role of crop zonation as an adaptive strategy for coping with climatic variations in the semi-arid region of northern Nigeria. We considered the probability of obtaining specific yield thresholds under defined climatic environments. Thus, it was possible to observe changes in agricultural risks among the rainfall stations under study. The stations were strategically selected to span the Sudan-Sahel zone of Nigeria, which makes them suitable for considering changes in agricultural risks and crop zonation experiments. The results showed that crops responded differently to changes in growing season precipitation across locations. We suggest that experiments on the probability of yield thresholds at different locations can be used to plan successful agricultural projects under a variable climate. Keywords: Yield thresholds, climate change, tropical agriculture, risk management.


This paper describes the design and implementation of a convolutional neural network for 26 handwritten letters recognition on a regular embedded computer. Recognition task is carried out using a customized convolutional neural network, designed to work with low computational resources. Furthermore, training was conducted on the recently published dataset EMNIST. The experimental results show that the proposed neural network achieves an outstanding accuracy rate compared to similar architectures, also, inference shows a fast response time on a Raspberry Pi 3 board.


The compressive strength, the tensile splitting strength, the stress strain relationship and the thermal deformation of concrete are determined experimentally as a function of temperature. Theoretical formulae are derived based on the classical bond stress-slip theory to predict crack width and spacing in a reinforced tension member at very low temperatures. This model is based on the local bond stress-slip relationship, which is determined experimentally as a function of temperature and curing conditions. It has been proven that realistic crack widths can be calculated using the tension member model. Furthermore a model is derived to predict the ultimate bond stress in case splitting failure occurred as a function of concrete cover and temperature. The lowest bond strength relative to the actual splitting strength is predicted at -40 and -80oC.


We are at an exciting moment, when every field has taken a computational turn. We now have computational social science, computational biology, computational chemistry, or digital humanities; visual artists use languages like Processing to create multimedia art; 3-D printing allows sculptors to push further into physical possibilities with art. It's thrilling to consider the progress that has been made. However, as life has become more computational, people haven't changed. Just because we have open government data doesn't mean we don't have corruption. The tech-facilitated gig economy has exactly the same problems as labor markets have had since the beginning of the industrial age. Traditionally, journalists have investigated these types of social problems to create positive social change. In the computational world, the practice of investigative journalism has had to go high tech.


Professional Issues Paper Presentation Background Nurses are committed to all aspects of women's health. Although Title IX has prohibited pregnancy discrimination since 1976, discriminatory practices in college athletics continue to include removing pregnant athletes' scholarships and athletic participation, requiring female athletes to sign statements that they will not get pregnant, and shaming pregnant athletes. These practices create unsafe health environments, which motivate pregnant college athletes to conceal their pregnancies and worse. In 2007 two college freshmen athletes killed their term infants after delivering in their dorm rooms.