Background: Breastfeeding (BF) is an important public health strategy for improving infant and child health and reducing morbidity and mortality, improving maternal morbidity, and helping to control health care costs. Breastfeeding is associated with a reduced risk of otitis media, gastroenteritis, respiratory illness, sudden infant death syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, obesity, and hypertension. (James & Lessen, 2009).
Aim of the Work: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among medical staff regarding BF management and to identify needs for improving their practice in lactation management.
Subjects and Methods: Cross-sectional study including 150 medical staff (100 physicians and 50 nurses) randomly selected at pediatric departments of Al Hussein & Benha university hospitals and El Alamein Ministry of Health Public Hospital (Alexandria). The study was carried out during the duration from February 2018 to March 2019. All the study populations were subjected to self-administered questionnaire (attached) that include questions to measure the knowledge, attitude and practice (including questions from number 1 to 20, 21 to 40 and 41 to 60 respectively).
Results: The overall percent score for knowledge (67.03 ± 11.28) was higher than that for attitude and practice (60.62 ± 4.74 and 52.17 ± 8.87 respectively). However percent score for practice was the lowest (52.17 ± 8.87). Percent scores of physician practice (62.90 ± 14.77) and attitude (65.25 ± 13.94) were significantly higher than that of nursing staff (49.70 ± 12.14 and 61.73 ± 4.96 respectively) regarding breastfeeding, p <0.001 and 0.026 respectively. Knowledge of physicians in university hospitals was significantly higher than that of them in Ministry of Health (MOH) regarding breastfeeding at p < 0.001. Also, knowledge score of nurses in university hospitals was significantly higher than that of them in MOH regarding breastfeeding at p < 0.001. Personal experience was the highest source of knowledge among Physicians and nurses toward breastfeeding management. Attitude percent score of physicians in university hospitals (63.83 ± 12.68) was not significantly lower than them in MOH regarding breastfeeding (70.92 ± 17.37). Attitude percent score of nurses in university hospitals (60.75 ± 4.92) was significantly lower than them in MOH (65.67 ± 2.74) regarding breastfeeding. Practice percent score of physicians in university hospitals (62.50 ± 14.36) was not significantly lower than them in MOH regarding breastfeeding (64.50 ± 16.61).
Conclusion: External assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice among medical staff toward breastfeeding management is a valuable tool for validating the quality of maternity and newborn services.


Through analyzing safety management status of domestic building engineering at construction phase,combining with building engineering management practice,it proposes measures for enhancing safety management of building engineering at construction phase,in order to reduce construction safety accident of building engineering and to guarantee smooth engineering.


Significance Protein kinases play important roles in signaling pathways and are widely studied as drug targets. Their active site exhibits remarkable structural variation as observed in the large number of available crystal structures. We have developed a clustering scheme and nomenclature to categorize and label all the observed conformations in human protein kinases. This has enabled us to clearly define the geometry of the active state and to distinguish closely related inactive states which were previously not characterized. Our classification of kinase conformations will help in better understanding the conformational dynamics of these proteins and the development of inhibitors against them. Targeting protein kinases is an important strategy for intervention in cancer. Inhibitors are directed at the active conformation or a variety of inactive conformations. While attempts have been made to classify these conformations, a structurally rigorous catalog of states has not been achieved. The kinase activation loop is crucial for catalysis and begins with the conserved DFGmotif. This motif is observed in two major classes of conformations, DFGin—a set of active and inactive conformations where the Phe residue is in contact with the C-helix of the N-terminal lobe—and DFGout—an inactive form where Phe occupies the ATP site exposing the C-helix pocket. We have developed a clustering of kinase conformations based on the location of the Phe side chain (DFGin, DFGout, and DFGinter or intermediate) and the backbone dihedral angles of the sequence X-D-F, where X is the residue before the DFGmotif, and the DFG-Phe side-chain rotamer, utilizing a density-based clustering algorithm. We have identified eight distinct conformations and labeled them based on the Ramachandran regions (A, alpha; B, beta; L, left) of the XDF motif and the Phe rotamer (minus, plus, trans). Our clustering divides the DFGin group into six clusters including BLAminus, which contains active structures, and two common inactive forms, BLBplus and ABAminus. DFGout structures are predominantly in the BBAminus conformation, which is essentially required for binding type II inhibitors. The inactive conformations have specific features that make them unable to bind ATP, magnesium, and/or substrates. Our structurally intuitive nomenclature will aid in understanding the conformational dynamics of kinases and structure-based development of kinase drugs.


Objective:To investigate the association of 14bp insertion/deletion polymorphism of the HLA-G gene in father with early onset severe preeclampsia.Methods:HLA-G Exon 8 genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in 40 early onset severe preeclampsia patients' husbands and 50 normal late trimester pregnant women' husbands and their neonates,in which Chinese Han population.Respectively compare the distributions of the allele frequencies and genotype frequencies of the two groups,combined with father/ fetal genotype case-match to analyze the differences of the two group.Results:①The frequencies of HLA-G-14bp and-14bp/-14bp genotype in the fetus of early onset severe preeclampsia were significantly lower than control group(P=0.024;P=0.010);②The frequencies of father(-14bp/-14bp)/fetal(-14bp/-14bp) of early onset severe preeclampsia was significantly lower than control group(P=0.013);③No significant differences were observed between fathers the early onset severe preeclampsia and the control,but the distribution of HLA-G 14bp allele shown a significant trend(P=0.051).Conclusion:HLA-G 14bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in father is possibly associated with early onset severe preeclampsia,father(-14bp/-14bp)/fetal(-14bp/-14bp) genotype may reduce the risk of the early onset severe preeclampsia.


At present,most scholars know the importance of requirements evolution,but still lack efficient methods to guide.According to the problems mentioned above,this paper proposes an approach which supports the OWL-S requirements specification evolution.By using the meta information of OWL-S requirements specification,we can finish the OWL-S requirements specification evolution.We propose a reflective requirements specification model based on π-calculus.For the OWL-S characteristics,the OWL-S requirements specification description method based on π-calculus is given.Using the process-passing mechanism in high-order π-calculus,the evolvement process of requirements specification can be specified.A reasoning and verification method is given for the correctness of reflective requirements specification evolution.At the same time,we use the traffic traveling examples to demonstrate this argumentation.


Research during this period is described for each of the following areas: (1) Princeton Large Torus, (2) Poloidal Divertor Experiment, (3) Spheromak, (4) smaller devices, (5) x-ray laser studies, (6) theory, (7) TFTR, (8) applied physics, (9) design studies for new devices, (10) advanced projects design and analysis, (11) engineering, (12) fabrication, operations, and maintenance (13) Projects Office, (14) Computer Division, (15) Administration, and (16) Graduate Education. (MOW)


The mineralogical study carried out on the doleritic formations of Mbaoussi shows that the rocks are characterized by a typical mineralogy of tholeiitic and calc-alkaline lavas. The rocks consist of clinopyroxene (diopside and augite), plagioclase (andesine and oligoclase), alkaline feldspar (anorthosite and sanidine), iron-titanium oxides (titano-magnetite and ilmenite), black mica (biotite and phlogopite), amphibole (tschermakite and magnesio-sadanagaite) and quartz (in the dolerites of group 2). The higher values of Al IV (0.13 < Al IV < 0.25) in the dolerites of group I (orientcompared to those of group II (0.06 < Al IV < 0.13), suggest that the clinopyroxenes of Group II dolerites would have crystallized under conditions of high silica activity. The values of higher ratios of Al IV (0.19<Al IV /Al VI <1.13) in the clinopyroxenes of the group II dolerites suggest that these crystals with tholeiitic affinity would have crystallized under lower pressures and in relatively hydrated magma conditions (<10% H 2 O). The magma from clinopyroxene crystals origin of the group I dolerites would be poor in water, even anhydrous. Amphibole crystals from group I dolerites crystallized at maximum depths between 90 and 70 km and amphibole crystals from group II dolerites would have crystallized at shallower depths, between 25 and 18 km. The different crystallization temperature variations of clinopyroxenes (400-500°C, 500-800°C and 1000-1100°C) suggest that the crystallization of these minerals resulted in an evolution of more calcium diopside crystals towards those clinopyroxene crystals with weakly calcic augite composition which would be the last crystals to have crystallized in these rocks.


Yuan and Ming Dynasty was an important phase in the development of Chinese vocabulary. Except a large number of words of special features at that time,there appeared groups of commonly-used words that became dominant in the diachronic replacement of lexemes. In Xun Shi Ping Hua( Popular Stories with Admonitions),the contrast between classic and vernacular languages objectively reflects the new replacement of the old lexemes among the commonly-used words in the beginning of Ming Dynasty. This paper,selecting nine groups of words,further reveals the evolution in each group of words and their dominant roles in Yuan and Ming Dynasty through synchronic description and diachronic analysis.


The objective of this study was to achieve a grape juice by evaporation and aerating with Chubak root extract. The Chubak extract was added to grape juice as a new source of hydrocolloid. Egg white was also added as an aerating agent. Addition of the Chubak extract and egg white resulted in significant variations in some of the parameters in samples containing both additives, through the extended duration of the process; evaluations for pH, a* index, and flow index behavior showed a decrease, while those of Brix value, L* index, and consistency coefficient showed an increase. The results suggest that the addition of the extraction Chubak extract and application of the evaporation process, together with mixing for 60 min at 80 °C improved color, viscosity and other physiochemical properties of grape juice samples. These tests demonstrate that Chubak extract served as a natural emulsifier and an aerating agent with valuable pharmaceutical properties and a unique taste.

Practical applications
It can be claimed that the use of mixture of grape juice and Chubak extract as an alternative to sugar in food formulations can prevent emergence of unfavorable qualitative changes in the final product caused by sugar removal and add to its nutritional value, making it a potentially great functional product. The Chubak plant extract and egg white were well able to aerate grape juice. Addition of 3% Chubak extract and egg white to grape juice and then application of evaporation and stirring at 80 °C at 270 rpm for 60 min resulted in brightening color of the grape juice color and incorporation of plenty of air that served to decrease density and increase porosity and viscosity.


A simple method of synthesis of a new, highly fluorescent amino acid derivative from the simple and generally available substrates 3-nitro-L-tyrosine and 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde is described. The obtained compound, N-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]-3-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)benzoxazol-5-yl]-L-alanine methyl ester (4), possesses a high fluorescence quantum yield. The described method illustrates a new possibility of synthesis of amino acid derivatives possessing desirable photophysical properties.


The invention discloses a construction method for a ground fissure formation tunnel deformation seam impervious structure, comprising the steps as follows: modified asphalt concrete and reinforced material are prepared as reinforced asphalt concrete flexible plate by a rolling method; the flexible plate is internally provided with resistance wires which are led out and used for expanding the deformation seam and the tunnel diameters at two sides so as to form a primary lining supporting wall rock body; the asphalt concrete flexible plate is arranged on the surface of the primary lining supporting wall rock body; two sides of the deformation seam are respectively poured by end lining with the end surface having two parallel ring-shaped trough; subsequently, the deformation seam is internally provided with reinforcing cage and poured by the asphalt concrete; the deformation seam is filled and sealed; two ends of the resistance wire is led into the tunnel by the deformation seam. The impervious structure constructed by the method of the invention utilizes the rheological property and electric heating of the asphalt concrete, prompts the rheological deformation of the asphalt concrete, and leads the surfaces of the reinforced asphalt concrete panel and the lining structure to generate the relative sliding, so as to adapt for the continuous relative staggering displacement of the adjacent lining structures.


Flexible risers are composite tubular structures manufactured by the concentric assemblage of cylindrical polymeric and helically wound metallic layers employed to convey pressurized fluids such as oil, gas and water in the ocean environment. The metallic layers account for the flexible risers' structural strength and are dimensioned according to the static and dynamic loads. They are usually installed in a free hanging catenary configuration and are subjected to the direct action of waves and marine currents and wave induced motions from the oil production platform. The fatigue rupture of wire armours in the end fitting or within the riser segment protected by the bend stiffener is an object of major concern. Integrity models have been developed, however inspection techniques are mandatory to ensure that failure is detected. Gammagraphy has been used as a common inspection technique in all regions of the flexible riser, mainly with the single wall‐single view method. On the other side, there is not any q...


This research with the title the factor of inhibitor participation women politic in president
election in 2009, this research has background by the lack of participation women in
president election in 2009 in Pekon Kampung Jawa we can see the presentation of
women not choose has the high presentation until 29% if compare with others village in
Pesisir Tengah Kabupaten Lampung Barat.
The purpose of research to identification and expound the factor inhibitor participation
women politic in president election 2009 in Pekon Kampung Jawa Kabupaten Lampung
Barat. The method of research have used there is; descriptive quantitative. The writer use
questioner, interview, and documentation to roundup the data. The technique of roundup
the data use editing, coding, tabulation and interpretation data with analysis data use
presentation technique.
The result of research factor inhibitor participation women politic there are; first, factor
internal there are; from education view, culture view, family view, and women view it
self, it can see from the result of interval presentation inhibitor as many 60% or people
give answer in category "medium", second, whereas the inhibitor of the external factor as
many 55% 36 people the category answer "medium". The result of presentation
recapitulation factor inhibitor participation women politic in president election in Pekon
Kampung Jawa it can see from the internal and external factor to be inhibitor categorize
"high" from two of factors there are: see from internal factor and from women view it
self.


A new species of calanoid copepod, Centropages aegypticus sp. nov. collected from the Egyptian coasts of the northern Red Sea is described. This species is unique in having two pointed conical processes on the dorsal surface of cephalosome in both sexes, female genital compound somite with irregular-surface outline of the right swelling part and transverse dorsolateral row of spinules on the left side, 2-segmented exopod of the female leg 5, asymmetrical medial processes of the female leg 5, of which the left one is longer and medially-curved and the right one with oblique row of thick spinules, and a club-shaped medial seta on the third exopodal segment of the male leg 5. The new species is similar to C. tenuiremis, but is not assigned to the same species group as the latter species or to any other groups.


A 20 litre packed bed reactor (PBR) with heating and water removal system was designed and fabricated for the
esterification of palm oil fatty acid distillate (PFAD) catalyzed by immobilized rice bran lipase (RBL). The PBR was designed based on the characteristics of immobilised RBL and the optimized esterification conditions obtained from method scouting performed in shaked flask. The optimal ratios of immobilised RBL and water removal agent (silica gel) to PFAD for the shaked flask esterification process were 5:1 and 1:2, respectively. The intensified esterification reaction of PBR was operated by circulating the reaction mixture (PFAD and glycerol) in hexane through a packed bed column filled with immobilised RBL. The water generated from esterification reaction was absorbed by silica gel filled in the water removal vessel. The maximum degree of esterification achieved in this developed PBR was 61%. The reaction time required to achieve the maximum degree of esterification was 25% faster than that in the shaked flask.


The research progresses of inflluence of the shear flow on the phase behavior of polymer blends are reviewed in three aspects: thermodynamic theory, experimental methods and influencing factors on the miscibility of polymer blends under shear flow field. The thermodynamic theory which is wildly used to predict the phase behavior of polymer blends under shear flow field. The fundamentals, merits, drawbacks and applications of various in-situ measuring methods were stressed. The dependence of the phase behavior of polymer blends on shear rate, shear stress, temperature and fraction of components was summed up in detail. The existed problems and trends in this research field are discussed briefly.


The pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dosage of biogas residue application on the growth and the soil microorganism of cucumber.The results indicated that the addition of biogas residue could affect the cucumber growth at different growth developmental stage.The treatment with 5.0% biogas residue had the best promoting effect on the growth of cucumber.The treatment with the dosage of biogas residue under 5.0%,the addition of biogas residue can increase the fresh weight of the root by up to 130.51%,the fresh weight of stem by up to 141.87%,the dry weight of plant by up to 72.88%,the height of plant by up to 26.70%,the number of leaf by up to 39.32%,the diameter of stem by up to 35.11%.Furthermore,the addition of biogas residue could change the number of soil microorganism including increase the number of bacteria and decrease the number of fungi.The results of correlation analysis showed that they were positive correlation between the number of bacteria and biomass of cucumber.However,they were negative correlation between the number of fungi and biomass of cucumber.


Nowadays supply chain (SC) evaluation is one of the critical problems in most of industries. Various frameworks and systems have been proposed to tackle the problem. In this paper, the literature of approaches, techniques and criteria for SC performance evaluation are reviewed. For this reason, related works appeared in the international journals from 1998 to 2010 are gathered and analyzed. The paper attempts to response the following four questions: (I) Which SC approaches were prevalently applied? (II) Which techniques were used to facilitate the performance measurement? (III) Which evaluation criteria were paid more attention? The result of this review is contributed in recommendation of some possible future work. The other objective of this research is to aid the researchers and practitioners in applying the approaches, techniques and criteria effectively. DOI: 10.12660/joscmv6n2p94-113 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/joscmv6n2p94-113


Phosphorylated chitosan and chitooligosaccharides were respectively synthesized through chitosan(CTS),chitooligosaccharides(COS)and phosphorus pentoxide(P2O5)in the methane sulfonic acid.Their degree of substitution(DS)were determined by electricity titration.Their molecular structure were characterized by infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and differential thermal analysis(DTA).The analysis of orthogonal experimental results indicated that DS could be adjusted by the amount of methane sulfonic acid,the amount of phosphorus pentoxide,reaction temperature and reaction time.The synthesis process was optimized and the comparison between phosphorylated chitosan and chitooligosaccharides were carried out by structural analysis.


To estimate the serum folate insufficiency threshold (sf-IT) corresponding to the red blood cell (RBC) folate insufficiency threshold for optimal neural tube defect (NTD) prevention.

 Participants were 977 women of reproductive age (WRA; 15–40y; not pregnant or lactating) from a population-based biomarker survey in Southern India. Venous blood samples were collected at enrollment. Plasma, serum, and red blood cells were centrifuged, processed, and stored < -80°C until batch analysis. Total vitamin B12 concentrations were measured via chemiluminescence; RBC and serum folate concentrations were measured using the World Health Organization-recommended microbiological assay. Vitamin B12 deficiency was defined as total vitamin B12 < 148 pmol/L. Folate
 insufficiency was defined as RBC folate < 748 nmol/L, the recommended calibrator-adjusted equivalent of the threshold for population optimal NTD prevention. A previously developed Bayesian model and the RBC and serum folate distributions in this population were used to estimate the sf-IT corresponding to the RBC folate insufficiency threshold for optimal NTD prevention, overall and by age, body mass index (BMI) category, HbA1c, anemia, and vitamin B12 status.

 The overall estimated median sf-IT was 37.8 nmol/L (95% credible interval [33.8–43.3]). This threshold was lower in overweight WRA (BMI: ≥25.0 kg/m2: 32.0 nmol/L [27.3–40.2] vs. BMI < 25.0 kg/m2: 36.2 nmol/L [32.2–43.3]), and varied by age (< 25y: 61.3 nmol/L [44.3–111.8]; 25 to 35y: 35.7 nmol/L [30.8–43.5]; ≥35y: 30.8 nmol/L [26.9–37.2]). The sf-IT was lower in anemic WRA (32.9 nmol/L [28.5–40.1]) compared to non-anemic WRA (42.0 nmol/L [36.1–51.3]), and lower in WRA with elevated HbA1c (≥5.7% to < 6.5: 32.4 nmol/L [27.3–41.6]; ≥6.5%: 20.9 nmol/L [17.8–25.6]) vs. WRA with HbA1c < 5.7% (43.8 nmol/L, [37.5–53.7]). The median sf-IT was higher in WRA with vitamin B12 deficiency (72.1 nmol/L [52.0–126.0]), compared to women who were not vitamin B12 deficient (28.1 nmol/L [25.6–31.5]).

 The estimated sf-IT is dependent on anemia, elevated HbA1c, BMI, age, and vitamin B12 status.

 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; AF was supported by the National Institutes of Health #5 T32 HD087137.


This paper anaylze and research the technology of flexible automatization,Integrated and Intelligence,and point out their devolopment trends on manufacturing system.


This study aims to improve the character of Independence Elementary School Students using learning models T-CAR (Think, Choose, Action, Reflect). This study was conducted in SD Amaliah Ciawi. This model shows the stages of how to build the character of students independence that constituted with the application on the pattern of thought (think). The application of this mindset influence the decision of the election (choose). So when the child has decided on his choice, he would do (action) what he chose. That would form a conclusion that something that he did have his own impact both positive and negative (reflect). This research used experimental research trials conducted by 2 stages of testing and evaluation. The results of this trial demonstrate a significant difference through T-test analysis techniques with the results of T count is greater than the T-table by 4,85>2,06. From these results it can be concluded that the use of the model T-CAR can improve the character of elementary school students independence. Therefore, the model T-CAR can be used as one of the strategies in teaching in schools to develop students' independence.


To reduce the energy consumption of building and improve the heat condition in freezing areas, we studied the heat bridge and the distributing rule of the temperature on wall surface, tested the thermodynamic data of heat bridge in the block structure, obtained the parameter of the heat bridge effect on the coefficient of enclosed wall heat conduction. The result indicates that what affects the average heat conduction's coefficient of outside wall is the areas of heat bridge in outside wall and the difference in conduction's coefficient between of heat bridge and the major body of outside wall, and when the conduction's coefficient in the major body of outside wall is smaller the influence of the heat bridge is big, so that the multiplayer wall with the heat preservation layer outside should be used in the design of energy saving building.


Up to 60% reduction of renal function has been reported after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in patients receiving cyclosporine. We prospectively investigated renal function and histopathology in 16 children on triple immunosuppression therapy during 3 years after OLT. Cyclosporine was administered in 3 doses/day to preschool children. The median age at OLT was 5.4 years. Determinations of chromium 51-1abeled ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, p = aminohippuric acid, lithium, and sodium clearances, measurements of serum and urinary electrolytes, and urinary concentration tests were performed. Renal biopsy specimens were taken 18 and 36 months after transplantation. The mean glomerular filtration rate was 121.5 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 before transplantation, 86.3 at discharge, and 119.4 36 months after OLT. Hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, and reduced urinary concentrating capacity were common. Hyperkalemia occurred in 13% to 19% of the patients, only during the first 6 months. Hyperuricemia and reduced concentrating capacity occurred with incidences of 17% to 44% and 40% to 63%, respectively. Histopathologic changes were mild, and severe nephrotoxic effects of cyclosporine was not seen. However, tubular atrophy, mesangial matrix increase, and mesangial cell proliferation were common. We conclude that triple immunosuppression cyclosporine administration, in three doses per day, to small children and careful renal follow-up ensure good renal function after OLT. (J PEDIATR 1994;125:863-9) The use of cyclosporine-based immunosuppression has improved the results of liver transplantation in children, but the drug has a number of adverse effects, of which nephrotoxicity is clinically the most important. Clinical studies of cyclosporine nephrotoxicity have usually been performed after renal transplantation. Interpretation of these results is difficult because functional and histopathologic deterioration as a result of chronic rejection and cyclosporine nephrotoxicity cannot be readily differentiated from each other.


The purpose of this work is to provide a stochastic framework based on the scale conjugate gradient neural networks (SCJGNNs) for solving the malaria disease model of pesticides and medication (MDMPM). The host and vector populations are divided in the mathematical form of the malaria through the pesticides and medication. The stochastic SCJGNNs procedure has been presented through the supervised neural networks based on the statics of validation (12%), testing (10%), and training (78%) for solving the MDMPM. The optimization is performed through the SCJGNN along with the log-sigmoid transfer function in the hidden layers along with fifteen numbers of neurons to solve the MDMPM. The accurateness and precision of the proposed SCJGNNs is observed through the comparison of obtained and source (Runge-Kutta) results, while the small calculated absolute error indicate the exactitude of designed framework based on the SCJGNNs. The reliability and consistency of the SCJGNNs is observed by using the process of correlation, histogram curves, regression, and function fitness.


Abstract A technique for measuring the temperature of rain at the ground and the methods for calibrating the equipment used for this purpose are described in this report. A preliminary analysis of the data indicates that significant differences between the rain and ambient air temperatures usually occur in the first portion of the thunderstorm rain period and that the differences in temperature between the ambient air and the rain falling from the latter portion of the storm are small.


In recent years, Territorial Marketing represents one of the most important methods of territorial management of tourist destinations. It is a territorial development tool adapted to the conditions of tourist destination areas. From a marketing point of view, a tourist destination is seen as a product that must be promoted and sold, thus being able to be marked or even labeled as a brand. The aim behind this study is to restore to the region of Oued Noun Oases (ONO) the value it has built for several centuries, without erasing the collective memory. Our duty is to seek through certain models of sustainable development practiced elsewhere, which would be the best approach, to preserve this natural environment that has become very fragile. The empirical method of territorial marketing proposed for the province of Guelmim, especially Oued Noun Oases, offers the opportunity to revisit the region with territorial attractiveness tools. The themes put forward concern the preservation and enhancement of places based on their natural and cultural assets. It's a matter of territoriality project of a responsible and supportive tourism.


ABSTRACT Traditionally, Coase's bargaining theory is used to explain the adoption of the CSR model by nonfinancial firms. According to this approach, researchers view firms producing negative externalities and the community as two antagonizing agents with diametrically opposing interests. Provided there is a minimum availability of social capital, firms adopt the social responsibility principle and share part of their profits with the community, through the Coasean bargaining process. Although these models contribute to the advancement of the literature, they do fail to explain the voluntary adoption of the CSR model by financial and nonfinancial firms. The objective of this paper is to better understand the current trend towards the voluntary adoption of the CSR model by financial and nonfinancial firms. It adapts the Williamson's conceptual network framework to the context where firms prefer a non-regulated to a regulated environment. By introducing regulation as a constraint variable that governments could bring whenever the industry does not perform according to set standards, firms have the incentive to adopt voluntarily the CSR model to avoid regulation. In that sense, networks are grantors of 'social licenses' to firms that adopt the CSR principle.


The current generation of missions, culminating in GOCE, has established gravity as a new probe of the whole Earth system, including the water cycle. Preparatory studies, notably those promoted by ESA since 2003, have concluded that a future gravity mission focused on gravity variations, ought to be based on low-low Satelliteto-Satellite Tracking (SST) and possess improved instrument sensitivity/accuracy, 100 to 1000 times better than GRACE, such as can be provided by laser metrology. Further desired characteristics include higher time resolution than GRACE, high spatial resolution, comparable to GOCE, and mission duration of the order of 10 years.


Abstract In the present investigation, the indentation study on the high-energy ball-milled nanocrystalline Al5Fe2 intermetallic compound has established the inverse Hall–Petch (IHP) behaviour. The structural characterisation of the milled powder particles by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy has shown the evolution of nanocrystalline phase. Micro-indentation measurements have revealed the increase in hardness with decreasing grain size, reaching to a maximum of 9.0 ± 0.3 GPa up to a grain size of 32 ± 4 nm, followed by a decrease. The decrease in hardness with further refinement, an indication of grain size softening, demonstrates the IHP-like behaviour. The deviation from the Hall–Petch behaviour has been discussed using various models based on the dislocations and grain boundary-mediated processes. From the analysis, it appears that the model based on mesocopic grain boundary sliding phenomena is more appropriate to account for the observed grain size softening.


This paper presents a "Hierarchical Hybrid Neuromorphic Control System". This system comprises two levels: a "learning" level and an "adaptation" level. Neural networks are employed for both the long-term "learning" of the control process and the short-term "adaptation" of the dynamic process. The "learning" level has a hierarchical structure and is used for strategic planning of the robotic manipu1ator in conjunction with the knowledge data base syseem, "Neural Knowledge Data Base (NKDB)", in order to enlarge the range of the "adaptation". The NKDB can infer an unknown fact from a priori knowledge for strategic planning, and is updated by the recent information from the adaptation level through the long term learning process. On the other hand, "adaptation" is used for the adjustment of the control law to the current status of the dynamic process. The initial states of the adaptation level are given by the NKDB. The motion controller of the adaptation level is based on the neural network including time-delay elements in the hidden layer, and is particularly valuable in nonlinear dynamical systems with unknown parameters.


Significance This work shows that increased muscle-derived glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) acting through its receptor GDNF family receptor α1 on primary group III/IV muscle afferents modulates both nociception and the cardiovascular response to exercise. Importantly, unilateral ischemic muscle injuries not only produce pain-related behaviors in the affected limb, but they also affect sympathetic reflexes systemically. This dual function of primary muscle afferents under ischemic conditions potentially explains why patients with disorders such as sickle cell anemia or peripheral vascular disease concurrently report pain and altered exercise pressor reflexes. Results further highlight the potential use of localized anti-GDNF antibodies as a therapeutic option for these clinical conditions. Group III/IV muscle afferents transduce nociceptive signals and modulate exercise pressor reflexes (EPRs). However, the mechanisms governing afferent responsiveness to dually modulate these processes are not well characterized. We and others have shown that ischemic injury can induce both nociception-related behaviors and exacerbated EPRs in the same mice. This correlated with primary muscle afferent sensitization and increased expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in injured muscle and increased expression of GDNF family receptor α1 (GFRα1) in dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Here, we report that increased GDNF/GFRα1 signaling to sensory neurons from ischemia/reperfusion-affected muscle directly modulated nociceptive-like behaviors and increased exercise-mediated reflexes and group III/IV muscle afferent sensitization. This appeared to have taken effect through increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding (CREB)/CREB binding protein-mediated expression of the purinergic receptor P2X5 in the DRGs. Muscle GDNF signaling to neurons may, therefore, play an important dual role in nociception and sympathetic reflexes and could provide a therapeutic target for treating complications from ischemic injuries.


Many lowland rivers in the UK are under increasing pressure from abstraction of water for potable supply or irrigation. Many schemes, both existing and proposed, attempt to mitigate the loss of flow by augmentation from upstream reservoirs or pumping of groundwater into adjacent rivers. The impact of flow regulation by reservoirs is well documented, but little attention has focused on the effect of groundwater augmentation on the biota, particularly fisheries, in the receiving river. The present paper examines the potential effects of pumping groundwater into minor tributaries of the Yorkshire Ouse in England on the cyprinid fisheries downstream of the discharge points and in the main river channel. Concerns were raised with respect to poor water quality and reduced water temperature. In particular, it was predicted that small reductions in river water temperature brought about by discharge of cold (< 10 ∞C) groundwater could have serious detrimental effects on cyprinid fish recruitment and juvenile growth in the receiving river, leading to a decline in stocks.


Ablation by ultrafast lasers results from a series of complex nonlinear phenomena of absorption and transfer of energy that take place in the surfaces of materials upon irradiation. Provided that a good window of processing parameters is chosen, the resulting thermal effects are in general negligible, making ultrafast lasers excellent micromachining tools applicable to most types of materials. It is thus beneficial to understand how ablation is affected by the laser processing parameters and the material properties, in order to optimize the micromachining processes. We propose an engineering model to estimate the dimensions of ablation, taking into account on the one hand the material properties such as the ablation threshold, penetration depth and the refractive index and, on the other hand, the processing parameters namely the pulse energy and beam diameter, scanning speed, repetition rate and angle of incidence. The model considers as well the effects of incubation, changes of topography during multi-pulse irradiation, surface reflectivity and Gaussian beam diameter variation with the distance to the focal plane. The model is able to simulate the profiles of ablation surfaces produced by normal or tilted laser beam, either for spot, line and area processing. The results obtained are validated by comparison to the ones obtained experimentally. Both the model and the experiments focus on stainless steel. The predictions of the model also allow for the optimization of the micromachining process, both energy and time wise.


Phytosomes are recently introduced herbal formulations that are better absorbed and as a result produced better bioavailability and actions than the conventional phyto molecules or botanical extracts. Phytomedicines, complex chemical mixtures prepared from plants, have been used for health maintenance since ancient times. But many phytomedicines are limited in their effectiveness because they are poorly absorbed when taken by mouth. Advanced biochemical and pre-clinical studies have proved the potential of plant flavonoids and other hydrophilic natural compounds for the treatment of skin disorders, different types of carcinoma, anti-aging and many other areas of therapeutics and preventive medicine. Phytosomes are produced by a process where by the standardized plant extract or its constituents are bound to phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylcholine producing a lipid compatible molecular complex. Phytosome exhibit better pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile. The paper provides details of the formulation methodology for phytosome and the characterization and evaluation technologies used for phytosomes.


the US Department of Energy is evaluating technologies for the storage, disposal, or re-use of depleted uranium hexafluoride (UF{sub 6}). This paper discusses the following options, and provides a technology assessment for each one: (1) conversion to UO{sub 2} for use as mixed oxide duel, (2) conversion to UO{sub 2} to make DUCRETE for a multi-purpose storage container, (3) conversion to depleted uranium metal for use as shielding, (4) conversion to uranium carbide for use as high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) fuel. In addition, conversion to U{sub 3}O{sub 8} as an option for long-term storage is discussed.


The configurations of single patch antenna integrated with three different designs of patch artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) are presented in this paper in order to investigate the gain, radiation pattern, directivity and bandwidth of the antenna at a frequency of 28 GHz. Three cases of design configuration between patch antenna and three different designs of AMC are analyzed. First, configuration of patch antenna integrated with three designs of patch AMC. Second configuration of patch antenna integrated with non periodic patch AMC and third multilayer patch antenna with patch AMC. The details theory of the design configuration is explained. The simulated reflection coefficient and radiation pattern is presented. The simulated results showed that the gain, directivity and impedance bandwidth of all the design techniques are increased compared to patch antenna without AMC. For the first case, design of patch antenna integrated with design 1 AMC offer 13.96 % bandwidth and 12 % of the gain compared to patch antenna without AMC. In the second case, the overall size is reduced by 9.2 % and 14.14 % , respectively, compared with design in the first case. The third case of design structures provides more gain and bandwidth more than 3.57 %. In addition, the size is reduced compared to the previous two cases. Therefore, the result indicates the capability of this antenna integrated with AMC to be used for future 5G application.


The concept developed in the past few years that cushion travel of at least 20 in. and preferably 30 in. is required for lading protection at impact speeds of 10 mph or more and the confirmation of this in actual practice has led to the need for further investigation of the phenomena associated with this longer range of cushion travel. In 1962 it was decided to evaluate experimentally the order of difference to be expected from sliding center-sill cars having sill travel of 20 in. and sill travel of 30 in. Also, the possibility of developing new criteria for judging the comparative performance of freight cars during impact was to be studied. The results of this investigation are reported in the paper.


The term "Probiotics" comes from the Greek "for life". Probiotics are live microorganisms (in most cases, bacteria) that are similar to beneficial microorganisms found in the human gut. They are also called as "friendly bacteria" or "good bacteria." The first recorded probiotic was fermented milk for human consumption. After that, Probiotics became popular with animal nutrition. Probiotics have been used as growth promoters, for lactose intolerance3, antitumour and anticholestrolaemic effects. When ingested, these living microorganisms replenish the microflora in the intestinal tract. This results in the promotion of a number of health-enhancing functions, including enhanced digestive function.


PURPOSE: A die-sensitized solar cell is provided to prevent the deterioration of a protective layer in combining a seal line forming a glass frit having a softening point lower than that of a seal line. CONSTITUTION: In a die-sensitized solar cell, a first electrode(111) is formed on a first substrate(110). A plurality of transition metal oxide layers(113) are formed on the first electrode. A second electrode(121) is formed on a second substrate. Metal lines(115,125) collect electrodes which are formed in the first and second electrodes A seal line combines a first substrate and a second substrate.


In the present study, the radioprotective effects of natural antioxidants, rutin alone, vitamin E alone or both of them combined with a synthetic radioprotector, cysteine, have been investigated in irradiated rats. Furthermore, the oxidative stress biomarkers and certain liver function tests of the whole body irradiated rats were examined. The effect of irradiation was evaluated by exposing the whole body of rats to gamma radiation at acute single dose of 6.5 Gy. Rutin (1.064 mmol/kg) was daily administered orally for two weeks before irradiation, vitamin E (50 mg/100g) was injected intraperitoneally daily for seven days before irradiation, while, cysteine (30 mg/kg) was intra-peritoneally administered 30 min. only before irradiation. Blood and liver malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were evaluated. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were also measured in various groups. The data revealed deleterious damage of radiation exposure which was manifested as a significant increase in lipid peroxidation measured as MDA. On the other hand, the activity of SOD and the level of GSH were reduced after irradiation. In addition, the activities of serum ALP, AST and ALT were markedly elevated after radiation exposure. Administration of rutin or vitamin E alone or combined with cysteine before radiation provided a protective effect as measured by the tested parameters. It could be concluded that treatment with the natural antioxidants can control radiation-induced oxidative damage in the biological system. This study indicates that the use of combination of agents is a promising approach for maximizing radioprotection with minimal adverse effects. Administration of cysteine increases the radioprotective effects of rutin and vitamin E against the damaging effects of ionizing radiation.


The invention discloses a paraquat pesticide wastewater treatment process. The paraquat pesticide wastewater treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out oxydative degradation on CN- and organic substances in paraquat pesticide wastewater by air under action of a catalyst in an oxidization kettle with pressure of 5-7MPa and temperature of 220-290 DEG C, wherein the COD (chemical oxygen demand) and CN in wastewater are greatly lowered after oxidization; then, introducing air from the bottom of an air stripping tower with the pH of 12-14 and temperature of 40-60DEG C to carry out air stripping for 3-5 hours under the action of the catalyst; recycling ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater in the form of an ammonia gas; feeding the wastewater into an evaporator, evaporating the wastewater at a temperature of 60-80 DEG C, and feeding evaporating liquor to a biochemical system to treat, and exhausting the treated liquor after reaching the standards; and cooling and centrifuging concentrated liquor to obtain solid salts which can be sold abroad, and feeding centrifugal mother liquor into a wastewater collecting tank for next evaporation. The paraquat pesticide wastewater treatment process has the characteristic that CN in the wastewater can be completely removed by virtue of oxidization to provide safety guarantee for subsequent air stripping and evaporating, the ammonia can be recycled by air stripping to produce ammonia sulfate, and the salts can be recycled by evaporation so as to sold abroad, and thus, safe, low-cost and efficient paraquat pesticide wastewater pretreatment is realized, and environment-friendly pressure of enterprises is reduced.


Summary: A method was developed for the measurement of the binding of [3H]5α-dihydrotestosterone, [3H]DHT and other steroids at equilibrium with intracellular androgen receptor of genital skin fibroblasts. This method utilized 0.2 M Na2MoO4 to stabilize the receptor and Sephadex G-25 chromatography to eliminate steroid metabolism. This binding protein showed the expected limited capacity, high affinity, and specificity of an androgen receptor.Using this method, penile skin cultures from 26 infants with simple hypospadias (HS) were compared with 18 controls. The [3H)DHT binding capacity (Bmax) was 10.1 ± 1.3 (±SE) fmol/mg protein for controls and 6.1 ± 1.7 for HS. The two populations were significantly different by Mann-Whitney test (P < 0.001). Equilibrium dissociation constant was similar for both groups. Surprisingly, there was no correlation between Bmax and the severity of the anatomic defect. Bmax was below the values seen in HS for two of three infants with male pseudohermaphroditism. In complete androgen insensitivity, DHT binding was unmeasurable.A subgroup exists in HS with an abnormality of intracellular androgen receptors. The lack of correlation between severity of hypospadias and Bmax suggests that additional factors, such as differences in physicochemical properties of the receptor or factors present in utero, contribute to the development of HS.


The present invention relates to a fluid distribution apparatus for a hollow fiber separation membrane module. The fluid distribution apparatus for the hollow fiber separation membrane module of the present invention which distributes fluid flowing into the inside of the hollow fiber separation membrane module and is installed on the inside of a module housing comprises the following: a first body where the fluid flows in through one side surface; and a second body located on the upper side of the first body, and fixed to an inner wall of the module housing. The first body has a smaller diameter than the second body. According to the present invention, the production yield of the module is increased by facilitating the assembly of the module and simplifying processes by fixing the fluid distribution apparatus at the same time as fixing a hollow fiber separation membrane to the module.


(I) methacrylate monomer derived repeating units, (ⅱ) a vinyl aromatic monomer repeating units derived, (ⅲ) repetition of monomers derived from having an aromatic group unit, and (ⅳ) containing cyclic acid anhydride repeating unit formed article for optical materials comprising an acrylic thermoplastic resin, and it.


"Evidence, like clue or proof, is a crucial word for the historian and the judge."' So we are told by Carlo Ginzburg, a leading historiographer who has traced comparisons between the roles of the judge and historian over the past two centuries. Today, he advises us, words like proof and truth have acquired an unfashionable ring in the social sciences.' But skepticism about these concepts has not yet become universal. Despite an awareness that historical perspectives themselves change over time, Ginzburg himself is not prepared to "abandon the concept of truth. He analogizes the shifting perspectives of historians to linguistic change: "[n]either the past and future developments of the language we speak, nor the existence of other lan-


RNA-biased small molecules with a monoquinoxaline core target the L-shaped structure of subdomain IIa of Hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) RNA in proximity to the Mg2+ binding site. The binding event leads to the destacking of RNA bases, resulting in the inhibition of IRES-mediated translation and HCV RNA replication.


The utility model discloses a safety feeding-bottle, comprising a bottle. The bottle is formed in one by a nontoxic and transparent silica gel material. The upper part of the bottle is provided with a neck. The upper end of the neck is provided with a bottleneck. The outer edge of the bottleneck is provided with a convex lip. The bottleneck suite is shaped in one by a hardish plastic material. The outer wall of the bottle neck is provided with a screw thread section, which can rotationally lock the feeding bottle nipple. The upper and the lower ends of the bottleneck suite are respectively provided with an opening surface. The bottleneck suite can be exactly arranged outside the bottle neck. When the bottleneck suite is locked at the out side of the bottle neck, the top edge of the bottleneck suite can support the convex lip which is arranged at the outside of the bottleneck of the bottle. When the feeding bottle nipple is rotationally locked at the outside of the bottleneck suite, the upper edge of the bottle can be tightly held between the bottleneck suite and the feeding bottle nipple, to prevent the falling and the leakage of the milk. The utility model has the advantages of high-temperature resisting, disinfecting, no breaking and security enhancing.


We demonstrate that a two brane system with a bulk scalar field driving power‐law inflation on the branes has an instability in the radion. We solve for the resulting trajectory of the brane, and find that the instability can lead to collision. Brane quantities such as the scale factor are shown to be regular at this collision. In addition we describe the system using a low energy expansion. The low energy expansion accurately reproduces the known exact solution, but also identifies an alternative solution for the bulk metric and brane trajectory. This article, and the talk it accompanies are based on work first published in Physical Review D73 043506 (2006).


This paper mainly emphasizes two objectives. The first objective is a comparative study on the inelastic seismic response of multi-storeyed buildings to fault normal and fault parallel components of near-field ground motions. The study has shown that it is necessary to consider the effect of near-fault ground motions separately and make provisions for design in the codes of practice accordingly. The second objective of this study is to reduce the response of the bottom storey in multi-storeyed buildings to the fault normal component of near-field ground motions through an expendable top storey concept.


Phthalic acid esters(PAEs) were used as plasticizers in plastic industry widely,which is one kind of environmental endocrine disruptors.They had a longer and more permanent effect on animals,they can disturb normal physiologic processes which were mediated by the estrogen receptors.The method of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) and electroelution to purify the estrogen receptor from carp,and the estrogen receptor of high purify was obtained.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the structure of estrogen receptor change that interact with DBP.The result prove that ligand DBP can bind with the estrogen receptor,and have an obvious effect on the structure of estrogen receptor.


This research paper attempts to examine the novel The 786 Cybercafé (2004) by Bina Shah from ecomarxist and biopolitical perspectives. It outlines the relationship between ecocriticism, marxism and biopolitics. Ecocriticism, a new perspective in literary theories assimilates to Marxist literary and cultural criticism. Through the method of textual analysis this paper investigates multiple socioeconomic, biopolitical conditions and ecological crises of Karachi impacting on the life of individuals by using Marxist point of view as economic lens. Biopolitics contains a number of theories with which new forms and dogmas of communities are investigated in an intricate set up showing the links between life and its governance. Moreover, this paper documents biopolitical competence suggesting an association between the text and the challenging society. It also endeavors to manifest governing apparatuses and social life according to biopolitical parameters. My reading of Bina Shah's The 786 Cybercafé (2004) suggests that core issues of the human world such as troubles created by capitalist society, ecological disasters, economic and political structure are the subject matters of this novel. Furthermore, ecological disasters, economic and political structure of urban city Karachi help to understand and elaborate the current situation of Biopolitics. Environmental crisis can also be called as the present face of politics itself for instance different geopolitical struggles reshape the tracks of power on global scale. In the meantime, it also demonstrates that how the environment plays as a biopolitical component. The key contribution of this paper is to switch attention on the recoding of setting as a mechanism through which the Biopolitical environmentalization of actual spaces might pass into the literary dimension. It serves as a symbiotic association between man and Tayyiba MaryamBiopolitics and Environmental Crises: An Ecomarxist Study of The 786 Cybercafé EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. V, Issue 11 / February 2018 6191 nature constituting ecological consciousness in accordance with the besmirched image of human life undoubtedly that is the result of poor physical infrastructure.


Thank you very much for reading operator algebras and their applications ii. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their chosen readings like this operator algebras and their applications ii, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their computer. operator algebras and their applications ii is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our book servers hosts in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the operator algebras and their applications ii is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Privacy advocates and civil society representatives have been campaigning for two years for reform of the APEC Cross Border Privacy Rules system (APEC CBPRs). On 27 January 2015, APEC announced significant changes, meeting around 90% of the demands from that campaign. Advocates had argued that the first implementation of the APEC CBPRs (using TRUSTe as the Accountability Agent (AA) in the United States) had failed to meet basic APEC Privacy Framework requirements, both in relation to TRUSTe's original AA application in 2013 and in its 2014 application for renewal of its AA status. Although APEC chose to ultimately approve TRUSTe's continued role as an Accountability Agent (at least for a further 12 months), the decision was accompanied by massive changes and improvements in the APEC CBPRs, including a completely new set of TRUSTe APEC Program Requirements. This article gives details of those improvements, and the criticisms on which they are based, and notes continuing deficiencies and what is needed to remedy them. The criticisms of the renewal of TRUSTe's AA status are in Connolly, C, Greenleaf, G and Waters N 'Privacy self-regulation in crisis?: TRUSTe's 'deceptive' practices' (2014) 132 Privacy Laws & Business International Report, 19-21, available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2567090.


The Eclipse Project by Tom Tucker provides a readable narrative and a number of documents that record an important flight research effort at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center. Carried out by Kelly Space and Technology, Inc., in partnership with the Air Force and Dryden at Edwards Air Force Base in the Mojave Desert of California, this project tested and gathered data about a potential newer and less expensive way to launch satellites into space. Whether the new technology comes into actual use will depend on funding, market forces, and other factors at least partly beyond the control of the participants in the project. This is a familiar situation in the history of flight research.


The question of whether a loop may be parallelized/vectorized depends upon the resolution of array aliases to determine statement data dependence. The most widely used approximate subscript analysis tests are the GCD test and the Banerjee test. The Banerjee test is commonly considered to be the more accurate of the two tests. From its derivation, however, there is no simple explanation why and how accurate it is.
We state and prove a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the Banerjee test's accuracy. We explain its perceived accuracy in actual practice by proving that under circumstances which occur extremely frequently in actual code, the Banerjee test is, in fact, not approximate but perfectly accurate. We also prove a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the accuracy of a combination of the GCD and the Banerjee test.


Targets have yet to be established for increasing the proportion of persons who read nutrition labels when dining out or purchasing food and for increasing the availability and selection of healthy menus in workplace cafeterias, restaurants, and food retailers as set out in Health Japan 21 by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2000. The recommended contents of nutrition labels and the definition of healthy menus also have yet to be clearly defined. We conducted a questionnaire survey in May 2003 on 586 public health centers throughout Japan to identify how nutrition labeling and the availability of healthy menus was being promoted. The response rate was 72.4 %. Nutrition labeling was being promoted at 78.9 % of the public health centers, and the provision of healthy menus was being promoted at 55.8 %. Many of these public health centers began these programs in or after 2000. The majority of the public health center recommendations included values for energy, salt content, fat and protein on nutrition labels. The definition of a healthy menu was determined in many cases by the public health center and administrative divisions as follows : 650kcal or less of energy, 16g or less of fat, 3.3g or less of salt, 200mg or more of calcium, 4mg or more of iron and 100g or more of vegetables. These results suggest that the responding public health centers are independently promoting nutrition labeling and the availability of healthy menus. Jpn. J. Nutr. Diet., 66 (5) 247 254 (2008)


S u m m a r y In contrast to most cytokines, interleukin 4 (II_,4) expression is restricted to T lymphocytes, with the exception of mast cell lines and mast cells, as more recently demonstrated in rodents. Little is known, however, about the capacity of human nonlymphoid cells to produce I1,4. In this study we show that mature human basophils are capable of expressing I1-4 and examine the regulation of I1.,4 production in comparison with the lipid mediator leukotriene C4. 11-4 was produced upon immunoglobulin E receptor (IgER) activation of basophils cultured with Ib3, a cytokine previously shown to prime these cells for enhanced release of inflammatory mediators. In some experiments, I1-3 or IgER activation alone also induced I1-4 production close to the detection limit. The effect of IL-3 on IgER-dependent I1,4 expression was dose and time dependent: maximal I1-4 production occurred between 18 and 48 h preexposure of basophils to 3-10 ng/ml I1.-3. IgER-induced I1.-4 synthesis and release by basophils cultured with Ib3 was rapid and complete after 6 h. In contrast to I1,3, other cytokines (I1,5, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and nerve growth factor) that also prime basophils for enhanced histamine and leukotriene C4 release did not promote IgER-induced I1,4 synthesis. Basophils appear to secrete a "TH2like" cytokine profile since no detectable I1,2 or interferon 3' was produced upon IgER activation. Mononuclear cells (depleted of basophils), cultured in parallel, did not release I1-4 in response to I1-3 and/or IgER activation, and produced approximately ten times less I1-4 than basophils upon nonspecific activation by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore. Thus, human basophils are an important cellular source of I1-4, and may, therefore, in addition to their inflammatory effector functions, also regulate the differentiation of T helper cells and B cells, in particular in allergic diseases.


The modern business model means that, regardless whether for-profit or non-profit, an organization should have both the willingness and the ability to learn and develop. Nowadays social enterprise has emerged as a key factor in efforts to address the many complex issues facing the world today. Its focus on providing a benefit to society as a whole rather than just the owners of the enterprise make it ideal for addressing the global concerns of the environment, healthcare, education, economic growth, and poverty alleviation. This article demonstrates specific examples on how Social Economy Support Centres create policy programmes for social enterprises and support their legal, financial and know-how development.


A note to a common cause in quantum logic We study the notion of a common cause in quantum logics as a type of causal relations (see [13]). We review maps like conditional state, s-map as basic tools of our constructions. Finally, we show some properties of such notions in quantum logics.


Background and Objectives: Despite the established association between greater pain catastrophizing and enhanced postoperative pain, it is still unclear: (i) what is the relative contribution of each of the pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) dimensions in the prediction of acute and chronic postoperative pain; and (ii) whether PCS scores mediate the association between acute and chronic postoperative pain intensity. Methods: The current prospective, observational study was conducted at Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel. PCS was obtained in 48 pain-free patients a day before an elective thoracotomy in response to tonic heat pain. Acute postthoracotomy pain (APTP) was assessed during rest, including general pain (Rest general ), and incision-related pain (Rest incision ), and in response to provoked physical activity, including hand elevation (Provoked hand ) and cough (Provoked- cough ). Chronic postthoracotomy pain (CPTP) was assessed after 4.5±2.3 months. Results: Of the PCS subscales, only rumination: (i) was correlated with Rest general scores (r=0.337, P=0.027); and (ii) predicted chronic postthoracotomy pain in a regression analysis (P=0.001). General PCS and its subscales mediated the correlation between Rest general and chronic postthoracotomy pain intensity (Ps<0.006). Conclusions: Findings may elucidate the unique role of the rumination subscale in reflecting an individual's postoperative acute and chronic pain responsiveness. The transition from acute to chronic postoperative pain seems to be facilitated by enhanced pain catastrophizing.


Vacuum prepackaged is a new technique in construction of post-tensioned prestressed concrete. It has been broadly applied to the practical engineering. According to engineering practice, it introduces the vacuum prepackaged crafts of construction from pass material request, configuration mud, machine preparation, try-press, prepackaged, clearance. Quality control is discussed in the process of construction, which will provide the reference for similar engineering.


In recent years, one of the most widely discussed social issues in American sports has been the compensation of professional athletes. Public perceptions tend to view athletes as overpaid. This article offers empirical evidence based on a representative sample of athletes taken from the U.S. Census. Comparing athletes with other professional entertainers, regression analysis indicates that athletes are relatively low paid and that their earnings deficiencies cannot be fully explained by differences in personal characteristics between them and other entertainers.


This paper proposes a stabilization method for speed sensorless vector controlled induction motors at zero frequency operating condition using a new configuration of the adaptive observer. In speed sensorless vector controlled induction motors, it has been pointed out that the speed identification system becomes unstable at zero frequency operating condition. This problem is caused by lack of the knowledge of the rotor side of induction motors, and the disturbance such as a parameter mismatch of the stator quantities at zero frequency operating condition. In this paper, a new configuration of the adaptive observer, which stabilizes speed sensorless vector control of induction motors without injecting a high frequency or an excitation signal, is proposed. Firstly, causes of unstable speed identification in the conventional speed sensorless vector control system are considered. Next, a configuration of the adaptive observer based on multirate control in order to stabilize the speed sensorless system at zero frequency operating condition is proposed. Finally, validity of the proposed method is shown by experimental results.


Technically, trees can provide cooling effect and able to reduce ambient temperature in its own way. This paper investigates the potential of individual and cluster tree cooling effect performances in improving urban microclimate through the evaluation of urban trees canopy density. The evaluation is based on the actual measurement of Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Leaf Area Density (LAD) and uses tested computer simulation tools ENVI-met. The study found that each tree has different capabilities in modifying each microclimate variables. However, it was revealed that the optimum effect of cooling of each tree was found during the hottest day to takes place approximately at 15:00 hours when the sun is overhead and solar angle height is close to 90°. Besides, trees with higher densities such as Ficus benjamina (i.e. LAI 9.7, LAD > 1.5) showed a remarkable reduction in comparison to the other loose density trees. It is also revealed that the implementation of cluster tree planting at larger scale could maximize the effects of cooling. Nevertheless, the downside of implementing high tree density could create a reduction of 63% of wind speed that might possibly influence the air movement in urban areas due to the drag force of tree canopy. The study concluded that the performance of tree cooling effect is well correlated with tree canopy density and it is also suggested the optimum cooling effect could achieved by higher tree density (mean LAD > 1.5) and larger tree quantities with tree cluster planting.


In this article, we propose an innovation method of airfoil shape optimization, on the premise of ensuring the fitting accuracy; try to improve the smoothness of the airfoil. Non Uniform Rational B-Spline and quadratic penalty function are employed to parametric modelling and smoothness optimization. The monotone curvature variation is used to design smooth curves and least squares method ensuring high fitting accuracy. This program has been tested for a standard NACA 2415 and S825 airfoil and optimized to improve its smoothness. The results of optimization examples show that this method has high efficiency and precision.


The utility model relates to a full-automatic multi-functional sensor geometrical measurement system, which comprises a base, an X-direction operating platform, a Y-direction operating platform, an upright post, a protective housing and a Z-direction operating platform, and the Z-direction operating platform comprises a slide way seat, a Z-axis lifting drive platform assembly, a Z-axis high-precision linear guide way, a Z-axis precision grating ruler, a Z-direction lifting platform, an integrated optical image unit, a sliding plate, an LED program-controlled illuminator, a touch-triggered probe and a CCD laser displacement sensor. During use, all target objects are placed on a glass carrying table, a full closed-loop motion control system, the integrated optical image unit, the CCD laser displacement sensor and the touch-triggered probe in the system are utilized to carry out each measurement operation, including geometrical measurement, planeness measurement, surface roughness measurement, geometrical tolerance measurement, and thereby the system has the advantages of powerful function, high precision, high automation degree, simple operation, high cost performance, reasonable structure design, unique and excellent component selection and wide application range.


The paper disucsses the different types of alliances with the foucs of improving the compeitive position. It highlights the main reason for alliance failures. The study shows that the strategic and ...


This Book Comprises of Basic Information of Sprinkler Irrigation System and then it moves on with the data requirements and the analysis for its design. Then, the methodology to design and performance evaluation followed by sample design calculations, Layout for the Catchcans Arrangement for the Evaluation of the Sprinkler Irrigation System and the assessment of its performance. This will be helpful to the readers to have a better understanding of the Sprinkler Irrigation System.


The last twelve months have seen the Indian Rupee (INR) soaring to new highs against the Dollar (USD), and subsequently falling to new lows. This has been a key concern, with the INR rising notably from around INR 47/$ level in July 2007 to its level around INR 38/$ in September 2007, and back to around INR 43/$ currently. This is expected to have had an impact on the Information Technology (IT) sector, which mainly depends on the earnings from exports of software and hardware products, and also from the services of the Indian IT workforce in the US. The present study analyses the impact of this INR/USD exchange rate fluctuation on the Indian IT sector as a whole, and surveys the different types of measures/strategies adopted by IT companies to mitigate this impact. The analysis is performed on a random sample of fifty major IT companies, and uses the concept of foreign exchange exposure to assess the same. The results of the study showed that FOREX exposure was especially alarming for a small fraction of small-cap IT companies. The mid-cap and large-cap IT companies had relatively low/moderate exposure levels. The majority of large-cap companies had already hedged their FOREX risk, and were not significantly affected by their respective FOREX exposures.


Background: Arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint traditionally involved irrigation of the upper joint space and manipulation of the joint, using 2 needles inserted through two separate puncture sites. The blind insertion of the second needle is often challenging. The surgeon may lose the right place during the procedure. So it may need manipulation and sometimes even multiple punctures. This often leads to extra-articular leak of the lavage solution which decreases the intra-articular pressure required for lysis. To overcome this unwanted clinical situation, we have followed a simple technique of introducing both the needles through a single puncture to accomplish the procedure of arthrocentesis more effectively. Methods and Material: This study was conducted on 20 patients diagnosed with inflammatory conditions of the temporomandibular joint. Patient underwent arthrocentesis using a modified dual needle device with Ringer's lactate as a lavage solution. Pre-op and post-op data were recorded over three months and analyzed statistically. Results: Mouth opening and visual analogue score for pain which were analyzed by student paired t test revealed that mouth opening increased and pain decreased significantly (p<0.05). Joint sounds reduced only in two patients. Conclusions: Arthrocentesis is a simple conservative surgical procedure with minimal invasion performed to flush the inflamed TMJ. Single puncture arthrocentesis technique with a dual needle device further simplifies the procedure which is evident with significant results. Future studies with larger sample size and longer duration of follow up will test the true efficacy of this technique.


The sound application in the design is discussed in this thesis from there aspects:the product design, the indoor environment design and the demonstration design.The correct application of design can weaken the negative influence,at the same time strengthen the positive effect of the soundus in our everyday life.It can im- prove people's quality of life,and finally realizes the true harmony among person,things and environment.


This paper discovery the economic land-use have land remediation difficult,poor environment,wasteful use of land resources,construction land supply pressure and other issues,through analysis Hohhot-baotou-Ordos economic zone's status of land-use.Starting from the development requirements of regional integration,propose Hohhot-baotou-Ordos economic zone land use sould take the countermeasure of strengthen government support and policy guidance of the intensity,coordination and innovation regional development policies and land management mechanism,Strengthen planning and annual plans for land use management,strict implementation of policies for land,to promote economical and intensive use of land for construction.To accelerate the Hohhot-baotou-Ordos economic regional integration development have great significance.


The invention discloses a watch-type man-machine mediated electronic equipment for conveniently acquiring information of a mobilephone. The watch-type man-machine mediated electronic equipment comprises a watchcase connected with a watchband, a circuit mainboard arranged in the watchcase, a touch-type display screen and a built-in battery, wherein the touch-type display screen is arranged on the watchcase, and the built-in battery is arranged in the watchcase and is connected with the circuit mainboard; the circuit mainboard comprises a main controller, a bluetooth module, an SOC (System on Chip) controller and a memory, wherein the bluetooth module, the SOC controller and the memory are respectively connected with the main controller, and the SOC controller is connected with the touch-type display screen. The watch-type man-machine mediated electronic equipment provides convenience for a user to acquire the mobilephone information in real time under the conditions that the user cannot hold the mobilephone conveniently or cannot listen to the prompt tone of the mobilephone in real time in noisy places, and can simply control the mobilephone without the need of holding the mobilephone; and meanwhile, the watch-type man-machine mediated electronic equipment can remind the user at regular time.


The charge transport in the copper-oxygen chain/ladder layers of (La,Y)y(Sr,Ca)14-yCu24O41 is investigated along two crystallographic directions in the temperature range from 50 K to 700 K and for doping levels from y ~= 6 (number of holes nh = 3 to a quasi-two-dimensional charge conduction in the ladder planes for y <~ 2 is observed. This is attributed to a partial hole transfer from chains to ladders when the hole doping exceeds nh ~= 4 and approaches fully doped value n_h = 6. For y <~ 2 a weak dielectric relaxation at radio-frequencies and a microwave mode are detected, which might be recognized as signatures of a charge-density wave phase developed at short length scales in the ladders planes.


This paper tends to give an insight into E. M.Forster's faith in human relationship which,though experiences suspicion,indifference and fears,the pursuit of the universal love never ceases.


Date : 3-4 Novembre 2014 Lieu : ENS de Lyon, site Buisson, 15 Parvis Rene Descartes, Lyon, France. Organised by the Institute of East Asian Studies (IAO) and the International Institute for Asian Studies (IIAS) The workshop "Communities in Between: Redefining Social Spaces in Southeast Asian Borderlands" will study Southeast Asia based on networks, processes, transitions, polyvalence, and fluidity, in opposition with the concepts of the "nation‐state" or the "region". The participants will...


At present, the social economy is developing with an accelerating speed, which also promotes the further construction of gymnasiums in universities and colleges. However, the construction of gymnasiums is in a transitional stage and it is still faced with serious challenges and brand new tasks. As a result, it is necessary to improve the management and operation mode and make it develop in the direction of market-oriented economy to better promote the overall construction of gymnasiums in universities and colleges. As it has been found in practical researches that what is the most important point is that scientific and reasonable management methods should be adopted to improve the management level of gymnasiums and facilities so that the gymnasiums' function of diversity service can be brought into full play and the value of gymnasiums can be realized and the industrialization of their management and operation can be promoted if the construction of gymnasiums in universities and colleges is going to be realized and a brand new sports center is to be formed by integrating teaching and fitness with sport industry.


An effort is made in this study to systematically develop and evaluate two-dimensional (2D) displacement-based higher order theories for stress and vibration analyses of moderately thick laminated and functionally graded (FG) sandwich cylindrical shell panels. Comparison of various displacement models is presented in order to assess the contribution of thickness stretching effects in laminated and sandwich shells. The equivalent single layer (ESL) approach is followed and a refined thickness criterion is adopted to enhance the accuracy of present formulation for moderately thick to thick cylindrical shell panels. Contribution of membrane and bending deformations is examined using the hierarchical kinematic models. Governing set of equations is obtained using energy minimization based on a variational approach and solution is obtained subsequently with Navier's method for cylindrical shells with all edges on diaphragm (simple) supports. Effective FG material properties are obtained using Voigt's rule of mixture with power law gradation. Solutions are compared with the available three dimensional (3D) solutions and a comparative assessment is done for different higher order theories. The present study accentuates the necessity of including transverse normal strain in the theory for FG sandwich panels.


The study examined household welfare among migrant farmers in Ashanti region. This is predicated on the fact that there has been increase in the rate of internal migration within Ghana to the region for rice cultivation purposes. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 158 migrant farmers cultivating rice in Ashanti region of Ghana. A questionnaire was developed based on the objectives of the study to collect data on rice production as a livelihood option, personal characteristics of migrant farmers and constraints of migrant farmers in the region. Data collected were subjected to analysis with SPSS version 20 using frequency counts, percentages and probit regression analysis was used to isolate the determinants of migrant farmers' household welfare status. The results show that majority were males, from Northern region of Ghana above 35 years of age having basic level education, married, using family labour is the main source of labour, with at least 10 dependants having between 1 and 20 years experience in rice cultivation. The major avenue for marketing is millers. The proportion of farmers who received at least GHC 1000 per season was more for rice than maize and cocoa. The major constraint facing migrant rice farmers is tenancy agreements with their land/valley owners. Significant determinants of household welfare status were number of dependants, labour sources, education level, and land tenure. The sign for each coefficient is consistent with the expectation; that is, the probability of having high household welfare increases if labour sources, number of dependents, land tenure (ownership) increases.


Tomographic methods of image reconstruction of two-dimensional cross-sections of volumetric objects in millimeter wavelength band are suggested and considered. It is shown that in the frequency band under consideration, the images of investigated objects may be obtained by first-order diffraction tomography method (Born, Rytov or high frequency approximation of the first-order for scattered electromagnetic field).


DESIGNS AND ANALYSES OF SOME RF/MICROWAVEPASSIVE ELEMENTS ON CYLINDRICAL CPWSV. AkanCommunication System GroupTUBITAK Space Technologies Research InstituteODTU KampusuInonu Bulvari, TR-06531, Ankara, TurkiyeM. DuyarRepublic of Turkiye Ministry of Industry and TradeAnkara, TurkiyeE. YazganDepartment of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringHacettepe UniversityTR-06800, Ankara TurkiyeM. BayrakFaculty of EngineeringDepartment of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringSelcuk UniversityKonya, TurkiyeAbstract—In this article, designs and analyses of several CCPW(Cylindrical CPW) discontinuities have been realized as microwavereactive elements. The quasi-TEM characteristic parametersof CCPWs have been obtained by CMT (Conformal MappingTechniques) which provide satisfactory accuracy at microwavefrequencies and lead to closed-form analytical solutions suitablefor CAD software packages. Then these discontinuities have beensimulated in CST Microwave Studio 2006 in order to obtaininductance, capacitance and also input impedance versus frequencyand physical dimensionsof the elements. The results show that CCPW


The activated carbon was prepared from walnut shell with H3PO4 by microwave irradiation.The effects of H3PO4 solution concentration,microwave power and activation time on the decolorizing capacity for methylene blue,iodine value and the yield of the activated carbon product was experimented. The best technology for preparing activated carbon with H3PO4 microwave irradiation was determined as: microwave power was 460 w,activation time was 10 min,H3PO4 solution concentration was 50%.The decolorizing capacity of the activated carbon manufactured under these conditions for methylene blue was 10.8 mL/0.1 g,the iodine value was 809.06 mg/g,and the yield of the product reached 52.96%.The activation time was as short as 1/9 of the traditional technology and the yield was 2.6 times of that by traditional technology.


968  EFFECT OF PSEUODOMONAS FLOURESCENCE AND TRICHODERMA HARIZIANUM ON THE EFFECINCY OF RHIZOBIUM IN CHICKPEA R. E. Majeed* N. J. Abdul-Baqi Ministry of Agric. Coll. of Sci. – Univ. of Baghdad ABSRACT The present study included isolating and diagnostic eight of Rhizobial isolates from chickpea and fababean root nodules taken from different Iraqi region, and two nonlocal Rhizobial strains of chickpea plants obtained from ICARDA. Two separated experiments on chickpea planted in pots were done inside the green house. From the first experiment we notes significant increased in all qualities of chickpea plants treated with all Rhizobial isolates compared with the control. Rd6 isolate was the best one among these Rhizobial isolates. In the second experiment Chickpea seed treated with Rhizobial isolates and one or both of the bio pesticides T. harzianum, P. fluoresces. The bio pesticide added also in another way by treated the soil of pots with it. The result shown that Rq8 isolates recorded best results, chickpea plants treated with this isolate have shown best results, the interaction treatment was the best treatment among all the other treatment and seed treatment with bio pesticide better than soil treatment. No nodulation in the plants roots were observed in the greenhouse experiment in the most treatments except when the strain CP-93 was used. Field experiment was done in Alqoosh town using the best three isolates that were the best in the first experiment to test the effects of the environment conditions on the isolates efficiency the isolates were (Cp-93, Rd6 and Rm1). Results was (52, 44 and 36) nodule/plant in (1.664, 1.408 and 1.152) gm/plant while the un-inoculated plants (control) recorded 21 nodule/plant in 0.609 gm/plant.


Over the past 20 years, the Professional Development School (PDS) model has been proven to be a successful way to induct teacher candidates into the teaching profession. Induction has been recognized as a way to counteract attrition from a profession that loses as many as 50% of its teachers within five years of entry. Using the PDS model of teacher preparation, one Midwestern university created the potential for teacher candidates to become immersed into the environment of an elementary school (i.e. kindergarten through to sixth grade). The study employed qualitative methods to explore what factors lead to perceived success by the teacher candidates participating in the program. The type of support offered by the cooperating teachers who hosted the candidates emerged at the most influential factor. The cooperating teachers who were welcoming, trusting and could share ownership in the classroom provided the teacher candidates the most successful experience.


Since the late 1990s, postweaning multi-systemic wast~ ing syndrome (PMWS) has been identified as a significant problem in many parts of the world.! Today, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) is considered by many to be the causative agent of PMWS.2,3 The Clinical signs and pathology relating to the diagnosis of PMWS have been well described.4;5 However, no specific and effective intervention has been identified. Although PCV-2 is the postulated causative agent of PMWS, PCV-2 is a ubiquitous virus that has been present for two to three decades in almost 100% of the pig populations around the globe. Multiple factors, such as co-infections, vaccine-induced immunostimulation, overcrowding, mold, stress, and genetics have been reported to contribute to the ability of the PCV-2 infection to express itself as PMWS.6,7,8


The Red Sea is characterized by its high seawater temperature and salinity, and the resilience of its coastal ecosystems to global warming is of growing interest. This high salinity and temperature might also render the Red Sea a favorable ecosystem for calcification and therefore resistant to ocean acidification. However, there is a lack of survey data on the CO2 system of Red Sea coastal ecosystems. A 1‐year survey of the CO2 system was performed in a seagrass lagoon, a mangrove forest, and a coral reef in the central Red Sea, including fortnight seawater sampling and high‐frequency pHT monitoring. In the coral reef, the CO2 systemmean and variability over the measurement period are within the range of other world's reefs with pHT, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), pCO2, and Ωarag of 8.016±0.077, 2061±58 μmol/kg, 2415±34 μmol/kg, 461±39 μatm, and 3.9±0.4, respectively. Here, comparisons with an offshore site highlight dominance of calcification and photosynthesis in summer‐autumn, and dissolution and heterotrophy in winter‐spring. In the seagrass meadow, the pHT, DIC, TA, pCO2, and Ωarag were 8.00±0.09, 1986±68 μmol/kg, 2352±49 μmol/kg, 411±66 μatm, and 4.0±0.3, respectively. The seagrass meadow TA and DIC were consistently lower than offshore water. The mangrove forest showed the highest amplitudes of variation, with pHT, DIC, TA, pCO2, and Ωarag, were 7.95±0.26, 2069±132 μmol/kg, 2438±91 μmol/kg, 493 ±178 μatm, and 4.1±0.6, respectively. We highlight the need for more research on sources and sinks of DIC and TA in coastal ecosystems. Plain Language Summary Global warming and ocean acidification are consequences of increased CO2 emissions to the atmosphere by humankind and are major threats to marine ecosystems. The Red Sea waters are naturally warm and saline. The resilience of its coral reefs, mangrove forests, and seagrass meadows is of growing interest for the scientific community in the context of global warming. The high temperature and salinity might render the Red Sea quite resistant to ocean acidification as well as an environment chemically very favorable for calcification, notably by corals. Calcification is a process dampened by the acidity (pH) of water, which depends on the chemistry of CO2 in seawater. Warm and saline water naturally tend to have a more basic pH and then be less corrosive to calcareous skeletons. However, the chemistry of the CO2 and acidity baselines and variability in the Red Sea are poorly documented. We conducted a year‐round survey of the CO2 chemistry of seawater in a seagrass meadow, mangrove forest, and coral reef ecosystem, involving discrete water sampling and high‐ frequency measurements.


Taking 14 prefecture- level cities of Guangxi as the research object,this essay builds city' s economic development index system.Using data in 2004-2012 and the scores of the 14 cities by TOPSIS,this essay makes analysis of spatial and temporal evolution by GIS.Results show that:Firstly,differences of economic development of Guangxi fluctuate more remarkable,the regional development gap is gradually widened and appears in a non- equilibrium spatial distribution state,the coexistence of " local height" and " U" rift valley is a performance to the uneven economic development of Guangxi.Secondly,with the continuation of " policy- driven",the geographic advantage gets to play gradually in some areas of Guangxi.The agglomeration effects appear in some areas and the pattern of "one superpower and multi — powers" has not formed.Thirdly,the radiation of cities such as Nanning,Guilin,and Liuzhou ought to be improved,and reduce the polarization effects become important problems.Finally,the regional development strategies are important driving forces that affect the evolvement of temporal — spatial pattern of economic differences of Guangxi.


This paper describes the utilization of Kohonen neural network in an exploratory analytical study of metalloproteins based on eight metallic descriptors (K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn). The metal ions were detected by synchroton radiation x-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) in 43 bands of proteins from sunflower leaves after electrophoretic separation. The application of Kohonen NN reduced the data dimensionality from eight to only two without information loss, making it possible to find a few protein bands that can represent all the sunflower proteins studied. The potentiality of the simultaneous utilization of electrophoresis, SRXRF and Kohonen NN for qualitative/quantitative metallomic studies is demonstrated, mainly when a large number of proteins and metallic ions need to be evaluated.


Abstract The article describes the educational system in the Faculty of Transportation Sciences at Czech Technical University in Prague. The university education is structured according to European standards. There are three levels of education: bachelor's degree programme, master's degree programme and doctoral degree programme. The article offers profiles of the graduates from all the majors of the Department of Air Transport.


Introduction: Worldwide hypertension is emerging as a modern epidemic. In both children and adults the adverse association of cardiovascular risk factors with parental history of disease is well recognized. The study aimed to measure the anthropometric parameters of young healthy adults having parental history of hypertension and to correlate the anthropometric parameters of these individuals with those of the young healthy individuals who do not have parental history of hypertension. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and research center of Moradabad district. By the pre-tested structured interview questionnaire data was collected. The anthropometric parameters measured in the study were height in cm, Weight in kg, skin fold thickness, body mass index, waist hip ratio. Blood pressure was measured as per the WHO guidelines. Blood pressure was measured as per the WHO guidelines. Results: Among the 100 participants studied, 73 (73%) were males and 47 (47%) were females. The average age was 19.76 years (SD ±2.01) with a median of 20 years, varying from 18 to 24 years. The mean systolic blood pressure in males with history of hypertensive parents was 130.9 ± 16.2 as against 124.7 ±11.3 in females with history of hypertensive parents. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.002). The mean diastolic blood pressure was also significantly higher in males with history of hypertensive parents than females with history of hypertensive parents (92.7 ± 12.1in males versus 90.6 ± 18.4 in females). Conclusion: Findings of the present study suggest that children of hypertensive patients have a great possibility of developing future hypertension in comparison of individual having normotensive parents. Therefore, we strongly suggest that subjects having history of parental hypertension should be educated about the possibility of future hypertension to prevent hypertension in such population.


Excess molar volumes (Vm E ) and viscosities (η) have been measured as a function of composition for binary liquid mixtures of 1-propanol, C3H7OH, with diethylene glycol diethyl ether (bis(2ethoxyethyl)ether), C2H5(OC2H4)2OC2H5, and diethylene glycol dibutyl ether (bis(2-butoxyethyl)ether), C4H9(OC2H4)2OC4H9, at 288⋅15, 298⋅15, and 308⋅15 K and at atmospheric pressure. The excess volume results included the following mixing quantities at all range of concentrations and at equimolar concentrations: α, volume expansivity; (∂Vm/∂T)P, and (∂H/∂P)T at 298⋅15 K. The obtained results were then compared with the calculated values by using the Flory theory of liquid mixtures. The theory predicts the α values rather well, while the calculated values of (∂Vm/∂T)P and (∂H/∂P)T show variation with alkyl chain length of the polyether. The results are discussed in terms of order or disorder creation. From the viscosity data, deviations in viscosity (∆η) have been calculated. These values are negative over the entire range of composition. The results for Vm , and ∆η are discussed in terms of interaction between components.