Polypogon monspeliensis a globally available natural waste material was used for uptake of Cd (II) from aqueous solutions in this study. The results clearly demonstrate the effect of important experimental parameters on the biosorption process in batch experiments. The evaluated pH, biosorbent dose, size and initial metal concentration for Cd (II) uptake by P. monspeliensis waste biomass were 6, 0.05 g, 0.10 mm and 100 mg/L respectively. The Cd (II) sorption process by P. monspeliensis waste biomass was described well by pseudo second order kinetic model and Langumir sorption isotherm model. Metal equilibrium was reached in 120 min. A further increase in incubation time had no significant effect on the biosorption of the metal. FTIR spectroscopic results pointed out the involvement of hydroxyl and amine groups in the Cd (II) sorption by P. monspeliensis waste biomass.


In this paper, we consider a discrete-time stochastic Stackelberg game where there is a defender (also called leader) who has to defend a target and an attacker (also called follower). The attacker has a private type that evolves as a controlled Markov process. The objective is to compute the stochastic Stackelberg equilibrium of the game where defender commits to a strategy. The attacker's strategy is the best response to the defender strategy and defender's strategy is optimum given the attacker plays the best response. In general, computing such equilibrium involves solving a fixed-point equation for the whole game. In this paper, we present an algorithm that computes such strategies by solving lower dimensional fixed-point equations for each time t. Based on this algorithm, we compute the Stackelberg equilibrium of a security example.


The invention discloses a counter-current ammonia spraying mixer. The counter-current ammonia spraying mixer comprises a flue and a denitration reactor connected to the flue. An ammonia spraying grid with an ammonia spraying direction opposite to a flue gas flowing direction is arranged in the flue. The ammonia spraying grid is provided with a mixing part for blocking flue dust. The counter-current ammonia spraying mixer has a simple structure and a low manufacturing cost, shortens flue length, realizes counter current contact between ammonia and flue gas and improves mixing effects of ammonia and flue gas. The mixing part effectively blocks dust in flue gas and prevents nozzle obstruction.


A field experiment using the split-plot design was carried out to investigate the effects of nitrogen and irrigation on growth of summer maize,yield components,and water and nitrogen use efficiencies.There were three irrigation levels,900(W900),1200(W1200),and 1500 m3/ha(W1500) in main plots and four nitrogen levels,0(N0),150(N150),210(N210),and 270 kg/ha(N270) in sub-plots.The results show that the effects of nitrogen and irrigation on grain yield,yield components(grains per spike,100-grain weight and grain weight per spike),harvest index(HI) and aboveground dry matter at each growth stage of summer maize are not significantly different when the irrigation rate is higher than 900 m3/ha and the nitrogen application rate is higher than 150 kg/ha.The nitrogen agronomic efficiency(NAE) and partial factor productivity of the applied N(NPFP) are decreased with the increase of the nitrogen application,and the water productivity(WF) and water use efficiency(WUE) are also decreased significantly with the increase of the irrigation rate(900 m3/ha1200 m3/ha1500 m3/ha).In the present experiment,the optimal combination of nitrogen rate and irrigation rate is W900N150 for the higher grain yield,yield components and water use efficiency,which has lower potential harm for environment.


Objective To explore ultrasound diagnosis value in gynecologic acute abdomen.Methods To use ultrasosnography to diagnose 150 cases gynecologic which were confirmed by clinic or surgery. Results The corresponding diagnosis rate of ultrasound diagnosis was 90.0%,among them extrauterine pregnancy , rupture of luteini ,acute pelvic inflammatory disease, abortion, corsion of ovary cyscs, dysmenorrhea ,respectively were 91.3%, 83.3%,92.5%,85.7%,100%,87.5%. Conclusion Ultrasound diagnoses play an important role in gynecologic acute abdomen, which should be connected with clinic analysis and distinguish.


This record contains recordings of an interview with George Takei. The recordings are being made available in both .mp3 and .aiff formats.


We estimate the computational capacity required to simulate in real time the neural information processing in the human brain. We show that the computational demands of a detailed implementation are beyond reach of current technology, but that some biologically plausible reductions of problem complexity can give performance gains between two and six orders of magnitude, which put implementations within reach of tomorrow's technology.


Based on computer big data technology, this paper puts forward an empirical analysis model of the influence of third-party payment on the profitability of commercial banks. This paper will take 13 domestic commercial banks and the transaction size of third-party payment as samples to construct a random effect model. This model makes an empirical analysis of the profitability of commercial banks. The results show that the transaction scale of third-party payment and the return on total assets of commercial banks are inversely changing. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the profitability of commercial banks.


The potential of bacteria for the treatment of municipal wastewater was investigated in present study. Total eight bacterial isolates were used for this study that showed growth on wastewater agar medium. These isolates were identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical test and identified as Bacillus licheniformis NW16, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NS19, Pseudomonas sp. NS20, Planococcus salinarum NS23, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia NS21, Paenibacillus sp. NW9, Paenibacillus borealis NS3 and Aeromonas hydrophilia NS17. The B. licheniformis NW16 showed highest potential to reduce all parameter under study than other isolates except Ammonical nitrogen. B. licheniformis NW16 and Aeromonas hydrophilia NS17 showed maximum reduction (42.86%) in BOD each. B. licheniformis NW16 and Paenibacillus sp. NW9 showed 82.76% and 81.61% reduction in COD respectively. B. licheniformis NW16, P. salinarum NS23 and Aeromonas hydrophilia NS17 showed reduction in nitrate ranging from 17.36%-63.64%. All the isolates have potential to reduced phosphate from 17.55% -72.3%. B. licheniformis NW16, Ps. aeruginosa NS19, Pseudomonas sp. NS20, Paenibacillus sp. NW9 and Aeromonas hydrophilia NS17 showed reduction in TSS ranging from 42.69%-79.94%. B. licheniformis NW16, Ps. aeruginosa NS19, Pseudomonas sp. NS20, S. maltophilia NS21 and Paenibacillus sp. NW9 showed reduction in TDS ranging from 14%-81.4%.


Economization of energy resources and water resources is a significant problem about ensuring continuous development of national economy and increment of economic efficiency. TH973 is a mixed analog digital CMOS LSI, it is specifically designed for automatic energy saving switch. TH973 consists mainly of gain variable low noise OPA, 6 class Switched Capacitor BPF, comparator, clock generator and controller etc. The filter uses a novel SC unit circuit, so the 6 class SCF needs only three OPAs, but the previous 6 class SCF needs six OPAs. The layout was designed with L EDIT and the wafers were fabricated with double polysilicon, N well CMOS process. The automatic energy saving switches with TH973 have been manufactured and found wide application.


In May 1938, Italians and the world were treated to the spectacle of Adolf Hitler's visit to Italy. The visit was a prime example of overheated Fascist propaganda. For seven days, Hitler was feted in a manner that was far removed from a normal state visit. Yet, for all the pomp and ceremony, nothing was accomplished to further the Axis alliance, even though the Germans came prepared to sign a full military alliance. For this reason, the Hitler visit has always been seen as nothing more than an anecdote or colourful backdrop to the years leading up to the Second World War. Left unanswered is why the Fascist regime went to such extraordinary lengths to impress the German leader, even if it meant alienating the Vatican, the monarchy, and the Italian people. Why did Fascism risk losing the consensus it had worked so hard to gain in the years following the conquest of Ethiopia? This article argues that the visit broadcast Italy's intention to move on a more radical, pro-German path in the following years while leaving the Fascist regime free from having to make any binding commitments that would threaten domestic consensus. The careful planning of the visit was aimed at sending a clear message to Italians and the world about where the Fascist regime intended to go in the following years.


Many countries participated in global value chains through specializing in processing exports (PE). Systematic portraits of the dierences between PE and regular trade are relatively scant. Without a clear understanding of their dierences, it is di¢ cult to compare export performance between countries and assess the eectiveness of promotion policies for PE. This paper compares and contrasts export patterns and dynamics of PE …rms with those of regular (non-processing) exporters. Using transaction-level data for the universe of Chinese trading …rms over 2000- 2006, we establish …ve stylized facts: compared to non-processing exporters, PE …rms (1) are larger but less diversi…ed in both products and destinations within the same industry; (2) start exporting with a larger volume but exhibit less upward mobility; (3) grow less both in the …rst year of entry and over time (within a market); (4) are less likely to move up to higher sales quintiles over time; (5) are more likely to start selling to more distant markets but less likely to penetrate new markets after the …rst year of exporting. We con…rm that these facts are observed within …rms'ownership types (e.g., foreign versus domestic), industries, destination countries, or geographic regions. Among other alternatives, we propose that incorporating uncertainty in export sales in the standard heterogeneous-…rm model is a natural way to explain these facts.


Premise of research. The development of male sterility in gynodioecious species has long been of considerable interest to plant biologists. Knautia arvensis is a gynodioecious species, but no detailed description of gender morphs is available for the species. In order to reveal the developmental variation of gender morphs, we conduct a detailed examination of sex expression in K. arvensis and compare the development of bisexual and male-sterile (functionally female) flowers in three different localities. Methodology. The development of bisexual and male-sterile flowers was investigated using SEM. The lengths of the style, anther, and filament of bisexual and male-sterile flowers from three different localities were measured. The data were compared in four developmental stages (S1–S4) and statistically analyzed. Pivotal results. In addition to bisexual and male-sterile individuals, intermediate bisexual plants carrying male-sterile flowers (gynomonoecious) as well as intermediate male-sterile plants were found. The intermediate male-sterile plants show different degrees of stamen abortion. The comparative developmental studies reveal significant differences between bisexual and male-sterile flowers as well as among male-sterile flowers from different localities. They differ regarding relative growth rate and degree and timing of stamen reduction. In contrast to male-sterile flowers from localities 2 and 3, which show late inhibition of anther and filament growth, in male-sterile flowers from locality 1, male sterility is expressed in the early stage of stamen differentiation. Such early expression of male sterility is due to abnormal anther development. Conclusions. The intermediate plants can be regarded as transitional stages toward total male sterility. We suggest that the frequent genetic polymorphism in the gender determination system of gynodioecious species may explain the variation of male sterility expression among male-sterile flowers.


Abstract The 51V NMR spectra are recorded for 3 dinuclear complexes {VO(ONR2)2μ - O and 13 mononuclear vanadium (+ V) and (+III) chelate complexes of the general formula [VXYZ]q, where X = O2-, NO-; Y = O2-, O22-, R2NO-; and Z = picolinate-(pic), dipicolinate2- (dipic), nitrilo-tri(2-propanolate)3-, and o-phenanthroline (phen). Shielding of the 51V nucleus increases as O2- is replaced for NO-, and in the series (O2- + dipic) < (2 O22- + pic) < (R2NO- + dipic) < (2 H2NO- + phen) < (2 H2NO- + pic); Et2NO- < H(Me)NO- < H2NO-; and (dinuclear complexes) C5H10NO- < Bz2NO- < Et2NO- These trends are explained on the basis of variations of molecular parameters correlated to electronic and steric factors associated with the ligands. Line widths of the 51V NMR signals are discussed in terms of influences originating from variations of the electric field gradient and the molecular correlation time


The surface roughness measurement method was introduced according to the actual situation of Marine engineering,its influence on the coating adhesion,shop primer quality,and the amount were discussed.


Optimization design of fuzzy reliability is a neoteric method, which applies fuzzy conception to reliability design. Safety factor and transition factor in project can be considered sufficiently in the design process of fuzzy reliability optimization. A serial of analysis and optimization results can be obtained by picking up various value of threshold. All these optimization results can offer more choices to the design of project, more widely, more reliably.


This study aims to examine the Effect of Convenience, Service Quality and Product Features on Livin By Mandiri Mobile Banking User Satisfaction (Case Study of PT Bank Mandiri Kcp Sumbawa Besar). This study uses a quantitative method with an associative approach. Determination of the sample in this study using the Paul Leddy formula through non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling method and obtained a total of 96 research samples. The data analysis technique in this study used multiple linear regression analysis and the analysis tool used was the application of the Statistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) 25 for Windows. The results of the analysis in this study showed that convenience did not have a significant effect while service quality partially had a positive effect and significant and product features partially have a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction


After almost all the peoples in America had become independent, the new continent continued to be viewed äs a promised land. Many of the independent nations developed policies of settlement and colonization and foreigners arrived in considerable numbers, but in Mexico (with the exception of Texas) the number of immigrants during the first half of the nineteenth Century was insignificant even though there is evidence that Mexican politicians thought foreign colonists were desperately needed. But political instability did not permit the required planning. The war of independence, begun in 1810, lasted 11 years. From 1821 to 1858 the ministry of state in Charge of Immigration changed hands at least 50 times. The civil war provoked by the Reform laws (1858-1861) was one of the most turbulent periods in the history of Mexico. The years 18621867 were not attractive to immigrants because in the words of Luis Gonzalez (1976) those years did not allow the cultural side of the liberal family to shine, only its military side. After the death of Maximilian the Republic was reinstituted in 1867 and its large territory and scarce population meant a double problem. It was urgent to attract the necessary foreigners to exploit the resources of the country and also to defend from further foreign invasions. But the years went by and lack of population continued in spite of the fact that in 1875 Congress had passed a law offering cheap land and economic and social assistance and making it easy to obtain Mexican citizenship. The result of the effort made for a decade was the Immigration of some six or seven thousand foreigners (Europeans and Americans), who settled mostly in urban centers. In 1877 Porfirio Diaz became President. New colonial policies and new incentives to attract foreigners were announced, along with the government's motto of 'peace and progress'. In 1871 there were some answers to the invitations to colonize Mexican territory. The arrival of some 3,000


In1 order to increase the fire safely level of nuclear power plant reactor building, occupant evacuation for reactor building during the maintenance period is investigated. The staff characteristics and site egress conditions for a reactor building during maintenance period are analyzed. The total occupant evacuation for various credible fire scenarios are simulated using computational evacuation simulation software MassMotion for a realistic result with the consideration of actual staff behaviors. The simulation results are analyzed in detail to observe the queuing location and major factors affecting the total evacuation time in each stage. The study indicates that the original evacuation design of reactor building has only considered the occupant evacuation in operation condition but not during maintenance period. This article summarizes the key points of fire evacuation of reactor buildings during maintenance period. Possible remedial measures based on the computation simulation results are also suggested to reduce the evacuation time and improve the level of safety for nuclear reactor buildings. New photography skill using panoramic camera is also used to develop an immersive visual tool for corporate interactive training.


This paper study the technology spillover effects and economic growth effects of imports to Chinese economy.Dynamic panel data first difference GMM estimations are carried on data of twenty eight Chinese provinces from 1985 to 2005.Our results show that imports are positively correlated with Chinese TFP and output per labor.However,among absorptive capability variables,only comprehensive technology level accelerates technology spillover.We also find that among human capital compositions,only tertiary educated human capital is positively correlated with TFP and output per labor.


The primary purpose of any transportation network is to provide connectivity between the origin and travel destination. However, given the vehicle oriented structure of the road network in many countries, there are connectivity issues in the cycling network, which has been implemented later. Discontinuities are physical interruptions in the cycling network where cyclists are faced with unexpected situations such as the end of a cycling facility or the change from one facility type to another that are perceived as inconvenient and less safe. The microscopic behaviour of cyclists and the risks they face at these points of discontinuity has not been extensively investigated in the literature. This study aims to evaluate the challenges faced by cyclists at discontinuities by observing cyclist behaviour at these locations and comparing them to control sites using automated video analysis techniques. Our methodology allows the extraction of valuable microscopic data for evaluation of cyclist behaviour at any location. The methodology is applied to a case study of four sites in Montreal, Canada.
Using a set of discontinuity measures proposed in a previous work and applied to Montreal's cycling network, video data was collected from a pole-mounted camera at locations with discontinuity and control sites. After extracting road user trajectories from the video data, a trajectory clustering algorithm was applied to find cyclists' motion patterns and the various maneuver strategies adopted by cyclists. Speeds and acceleration statistics are extracted and compared between different motion patterns and between discontinuity and control sites. Results show that cyclists undertake a larger number of maneuvers at points of discontinuity compared to their control sites, and that both cyclist accelerations and speeds exhibit larger variations at discontinuities compared to larger and more stable speeds at control sites.


7 This paper investigates the sensitivity of statistical fingerprints to different phase resolution 8 (PR) and amplitude bins (AB) sizes of partial discharge (PD) (cid:307) -q-n (phase-amplitude- 9 number) patterns. In particular, this paper compares the capability of the nsemble neural 10 network (ENN) and the single neural network (SNN) in recognizing and distinguishing 11 different resolution sizes of (cid:307) -q-n discharge patterns. The training fingerprints for both the 12 SNN and ENN comprise statistical fingerprints from different (cid:307) -q-n measurements. The 13 result shows that there exists statistical distinction for different PR and AB sizes on some of 14 the statistical fingerprints. Additionally, the ENN and SNN outputs change depending on 15 training and testing with different PR and AB sizes. Furthermore, the ENN appears to be 16 more sensitive in recognizing and discriminating the resolution changes when compared with 17 the SNN. Finally, the results are assessed for practical implementation in the power industry 18 and benefits to practitioners in the field are highlighted. 24 25


Pseudotype reporter viruses provide a safe, quantitative, and high-throughput tool for assessing antibody neutralization for many viruses, including high pathogenicity H5 and H7 influenza A strains. However, adapting this system to other influenza subtypes has been hampered by variations in the protease cleavage site of hemagglutinin (HA) that make it less susceptible to the cleavage required for infectivity. In this report several proteases, reporter vectors, and cell substrates were evaluated while optimizing pseu-


In the present article we argue that emotional interactions are not appropriately captured in present emotion research and theorizing. Emotional stimuli or antecedents are dynamic and change over time because they often interact and have a specific relationship with the subject. Earlier emotional interactions may, for example, intensify later emotional reactions to a specific person, or our anger reactions towards powerful or powerless others may differ considerably. Thus, we suggest that such social factors not only affect the intensity, but also the nature of emotional experiences and expressions, and specifically the nature of the social movement (e.g., moving towards, away, or against). We discuss different processes that are implicated in the relation between the social environment and our emotions, describe how emotional expressions shape social behavior, and provide suggestions for incorporating the social dimension of emotion in future research.


This study has two purposes: (1) to investigate the effect of explicit instruction of disciplinary conventions of an experimental research-reporting genre on the schematic structure of the introduction section of the research reports written by Korean graduate students majoring in Teaching Korean as a Foreign Language (TKFL) and (2) to propose a schematic structure of the introduction section of an experimental research-reporting genre. The first research purpose was investigated by examining whether there was any difference in the schematic structure of the introduction section of the research reports between a treatment group which was explicitly instructed on the generic conventions (EIG) and a control group with no such instruction (NIG). The analysis results revealed that there was a statistically significant distinct difference in the frequency with which both the h1-3 research topic(s) section and h3-1b research question(s) section were used. This could be interpreted as follows: The EIG writers, who had received explicit instruction of the generic conventions, recognized the statement of the research topic(s) and research question(s) as the moves which are obligatory in a typical research-reporting genre in the field of applied linguistics and presented them as separate sections in their reports. This interpretation may suggest that explicit instruction on generic conventions could contribute to raising genre awareness and that increased awareness, in turn, could directly influence both the content and schematic structure of the writing products. As one practical application of this study, it is suggested that graduate programs in Teaching Korean as a Foreign Language, where a separate course on academic writing is not a regular course offering, could incorporate teaching of the schematic structure of the introduction section of a research-reporting genre into its research methods course and that its course participants, who are beginning researchers, unfamiliar with such generic conventions, could benefit from such explicit instruction. (Korea University.Ewha Womans University)


Two methods of estimating large carnivore prey density, based on pellet counts, were applied in autumn 2004 at preferential feeding sites of ungulates on two hunting grounds in Vrancea Carpathian mountain range, Romania, and analyzed in comparison. Density estimates were calculated with both methods and showed that red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) and wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) had the highest densities in the study sites. Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) was little represented and chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) was absent from the sites most likely due to nature of terrain. Red deer density estimates using randomly distributed large circles were significantly lower (P<0.05) than estimates using small circles on transects. The randomly distributed large circles method could be more efficient at covering large areas of open habitats while the parallel transect small circles method may be more appropriate for intensive surveys in denser habitats. Additional research and testing of new methods are recommended for estimating densities and mapping the distribution of large carnivore prey in the Carpathian Mountain range.


According to transaction cost theory,the enterprise often appears,when its marketplace costs are equal to the harmonization costs.Firm scale in transaction cost means essentially the firm vertical scale or boundary.The firm vertical scale dilation comes true mainly by vertical integration.Though reviewing the vertical integration,we point out the vertical integration can weaken people's opportunism and limited rationality,overcome uncertainty,and reduce business cost.However,it is not a good way for the firm developing.When the firm develops to a certain stage,vertical decomposition is efficiency.The enterprise vertical boundary displays the interactive aspect of dilating and decomposing.


The effectiveness of periodic health examination of patients with glaucoma in the Voronezh region from a position of assessment of flow dynamics of glaucoma is analyzed, an annual reporting form for ophthalmologists with an attached clinic population, including number of patients taken to the dispensary registration and departures from it, distribution of patients in the form diseases stage and the degree of compensation of glaucomatous processes and the number of operated patients, number of patients receiving conservative treatment, allowing to monitor the dispensary group, to control of incidence of a disease to reduce the accident rate and the number of disability due to diseases of the eye is demonstrated.


Purpose: To report a case of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) development after intravitreal injection of aflibercept.Case summary: A 71-year-old female presented with decreased visual acuity and was diagnosed with wet macular degeneration in the right eye. She received two intravitreal aflibercept injections. After 1 month, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) had improved. However, the inferior rim of the optic disc was blurred and an inferior retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) swelling was observed. The patient received one more intravitreal aflibercept injection (a loading dose). After 2 weeks, the patient presented with sudden vision loss and the BCVA was finger-counting at 50 cm. Fundus examination revealed that the total optic disc rim was blurred and optical coherence tomography demonstrated diffuse RNFL swelling. The patient was diagnosed with NAION. After 2 months, the optic disc appeared pale but without blurring of the rim, and diffuse thinning of the RNFL was observed. Her BCVA had not improved up to 6 months of follow-up.Conclusions: Although NAION after intravitreal injection is uncommon, physicians should not only examine the macula but also comprehensively assess the intraocular pressure, the RNFL profile, and the optic disc head, especially in patients with NAION risk factors.


In this contribution, two-conductor and coplanar bond wire configurations are modeled, analyzed and compared. The impact of the pitch of the bond wires and the distance of separation between the signal wire and a nearby reference plane, on RF performance are quantified for GSM 900/1800, 2.4 GHz/5GHz WLAN and high-speed applications above 10 GHz. Considering a bond wire diameter of 50 µm, length of 1mm and pitch of 100 µm, it is found that almost 3 times more power is lost through the two-conductor model than coplanar configuration at 10 GHz. This makes the coplanar configuration more suited for high-speed applications.


Expanding internet connectivity to rural areas requires a comprehensive understanding of the influence path among internet usage, subjective well-being (SWB), and environmentally friendly agricultural practices (EAPs) of farmers. This study aimed to analyze the direct and indirect effects of internet use by employing structural equation modeling. Farmers with improved internet access adopted more EAPs, resulting in output loss (EAPOs) and increased time investment (EAPTs). However, increased internet function utilization negatively affected EAPs involving additional expenses (EAPEs). Although SWB increased EAP engagement, income satisfaction could decrease EAPEs and EAPTs. The impact of internet use on SWB initially increased but later declined with increased internet usage, indirectly affecting EAPs. This may strengthen the positive total effect or alleviate the negative total effect. Young individuals, higher-income households, educated individuals, and members of the Communist Party of China (CPC) were more inclined to adopt EAPs, as they helped mitigate the adverse influence of negative online information and enhance overall well-being. Consequently, it is imperative to provide internet usage education and training, utilize more internet features, including e-commerce or microcredit, to incentivize EAP adoption, address and alleviate negative emotions from the internet promptly, prioritize providing education to young rural residents, and empower CPC members in advocating for sustainable practices.


This paper examines the effect of social capital on household poverty using the 2007 Cameroon household survey. A social capital indicator is constructed using the polychoric principal components analysis method and econometric approaches are employed to correct for potential endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity in a step-wise manner and simultaneously. The results provide empirical evidence that social capital is a multidimensional construct and relates positively to household welfare. Our analysis suggests that policy makers interested in improving the living conditions of households may consider promoting an enabling, friendly and peaceful society for the emergence of local organisations as a relevant ingredient for achieving the Millennium Development Goal of reducing poverty by half.


ABSTRACT Legumes are a good source of bioactive components, besides being nutrient dense. These components have antioxidant properties and have a protective role against free radicals. Legumes like cowpeas are usually consumed after certain processing, so the present study was intended to assess antioxidant property of selected four cultivars of cowpea after going through various thermal (autoclaving, microwave, boiling, and roasting) and non-thermal (soaking and fermentation) processings. Thermal processing reduced total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in all cultivars with respect to antioxidant activity of raw cultivars, while DPPH scavenging activity increased after all thermal treatments excluding few thermal processings. Non-thermal processing revealed increase in TPC, DPPH scavenging activity, and FRAP values, while TFC content showed a decreasing trend. A moderately high correlation between TPC and DPPH scavenging activity was observed in both kinds of thermal treatments indicating the role of phenolic compounds for antioxidant activity. It was concluded from the study that fermentation processing has promising effects on retention and enhancement of antioxidant activity of cowpea cultivars.


This article explores the complexity of family trajectories – namely partnership and childbearing events – from age 18 to 40 and investigates whether and how personal trajectories have become more complex by cohort in the United Kingdom. Using the British survey Understanding Society, we explore the diversity of men's family trajectories ranging from parenthood in intact couples, to multiple-partner fertility and stepfamily formation. We'll describe the patterns of parenthood and union formation of men using sequence analysis in order to assess the existence of increasing complexity of these trajectories within the whole group of men and by educational groups.


The study examined the interactive effects of degree of biculturalism and locus of control on leader behavior in supportive and nonsupportive ethnically mixed small groups. Subjects were 36 male Chicano college students who participated in a small group discussion composed of four members: a naive subject who invariably served as group leader, and three confederates representing distinct ethnic groups (Anglo, Black, and Chicano). Behavioral observations revealed several interesting interactions involving group support. High biculturals, in comparison to low biculturals, adopted a more active leader role in nonsupportive than in supportive groups, asking for more opinions and evaluations, and making more clarification statements. Furthermore, while low bicultural externals and high bicultural internals tended to be more interpersonally assertive and to make more clarification statements under supportive conditions, it was low bicultural internals and high bicultural externals who exhibited the most active leader roles in nonsupportive groups. Additional findings revealed that statements made by the Anglo confederate were clarified more often in the supportive condition, while statements made by either the Black or the Chicano confederate were clarified more often in the nonsupportive condition. The results are discussed in relation to previous literature and the need to develop a more responsive social psychology of interethnic dynamics.


ABSTRACT Much of the critical data needed to determine the extent of natural resource damage after an oil spill is ephemeral. Therefore it is vital to have plans prepared before a spill occurs and to have the right equipment and trained personnel ready to collect the data. To assist in the planning effort NOAA, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, and Washington Department of Ecology performed an analysis to determine where the highest risk for natural resource damages is likely to occur in the State of Washington after an oil spill. The risk of natural resource damages is highest where the probability of large spills is highest, where the products spilled are more persistent and where the natural resources are most sensitive and abundant. We used a risk analysis documents published in 2009 to narrow down the areas that would most likely have a large spill event. We used a Trajectory Analysis Planning (TAP) tool to determine if a spill occurred in a high risk area, which shorelines would most likel...


Introduction. "Transgender" and "gender diverse" are umbrella terms encompassing those whose gender identities or expressions differ from those typically associated with the sex they were assigned at birth. There is scant global information on cancer incidence, outcome, and mortality for this cohort. This group may present with advanced cancer, have mistrust in health care services and report anxiety and depression at higher frequencies, a finding often seen in marginalized groups because of minority stress. Materials and Methods. Medical oncologists were contacted by secure email to identify patients who self-identify as transgender and gender diverse in three Irish hospitals. Five patients were identified. A retrospective chart review was conducted and a pseudonymized patient survey was distributed. Results. All patients included in our chart review (n = 5) were diagnosed with advanced disease on initial diagnosis. Two patients identified as men, two as women, and one as a transwoman. Two of five patients' health record charts reflected a name or gender change. Three patients had gender transitioning treatment postponed. Assessing comorbidities, it was seen that four patients required psychiatry input. Predominant issues noted in our patient survey by the two respondents (n = 2) were "misgendering," lack of a gender-neutral hospital environment, lack of inclusion in cancer groups, and barriers in changing name and/or sex on hospital records. Conclusion. Components of care requiring revision include patient accessible pathways to change names and gender on health records, earlier access to psychological support and targeted screening and support groups. Resources for hospital staff to improve awareness of correct terminology and to provide gender neutral facilities are worthwhile. The Oncologist 2021;26:e603–e607 Implications for Practice: The implications for practice on an international level include patient-friendly pathways for changing hospital name and gender so that patients may feel comfortable using wristbands. The need for international screening guidelines for transgender patients and national transgender cancer support groups is highlighted. On a day-to-day level for providers, the correct use of pronouns makes a big difference to patients. Asking about preferred pronoun on first visit and noting on patient's file is worthwhile. It is important for providers to know that increased psychological support should be offered early on first clinic visit and engaged with as necessary when patient has a history of anxiety or depression. Providers should discuss openly that some gender transitioning treatment will be postponed because of cancer care and refer to both the physical and psychological sequelae of this. Asking transgender patients which room or bathroom they would prefer when rooms are gendered is essential.


IN BROAD terms, shock may be defined as a state in which cardiac output is insufficient to meet the normal nutritional needs of tissues. The shock syndrome may have a variety of initiating causes, but shock becomes progressive, not necessarily because the initial cause is becoming more severe, but because intrinsic changes in the animal deprived of adequate tissue blood supply tend to perpetuate circulatory deterioration. One of these intrinsic changes is associated with alterations in the rheologic properties of the blood. Cardiogenic shock, a syndrome of progressive circulatory deterioration initiated by myocardial damage, is the most common clinical etiological factor associated with shock, and has a mortality approaching 80%. 1 In common with other forms of shock, reduced venous return, low cardiac output, high peripheral resistance, and microcirculatory insufficiency are self-propagating. It is commonly held that there is something "different" about cardiogenic shock that removes it from other forms


Identifying objects and telling where they are in real world images is one of the most important problems in Artificial Intelligence. The problem is challenging due to: occluded objects, varying object viewpoints and object deformations. This makes the vision problem extremely difficult and cannot be efficiently solved without learning. This thesis explores hybrid systems that combine a neural network as a trainable feature extractor and structured models that capture high level information such as object parts. The resulting models combine the strengths of the two approaches: a deep neural network which provides a powerful non-linear feature transformation and a high level structured model which integrates domain-specific knowledge. We develop discriminative training algorithms to jointly optimize these entire models end-to-end. First, we proposed a unified model which combines a deep neural network with a latent topic model for image classification. The hybrid model is shown to outperform models based solely on neural networks or topic model alone. Next, we investigate techniques for training a neural network system, introducing an effective way of regularizing the network called DropConnect. DropConnect allows us to train large models while avoiding over-fitting. This yields state-of-the-art results on a variety of standard benchmarks for image classification. Third, we worked on object detection for PASCAL challenge. We improved the deformable parts model and proposed a new non-maximal suppression algorithm. This system was the joint winner of the 2011 challenge. Finally, we develop a new hybrid model which integrates a deep network, deformable parts model and nonmaximal suppression. Joint training of our hybrid model shows clear advantage over train each component individually, and achieving competitive result on standard benchmarks.


Time and again in the centuries-old history of interstate relations there have emerged ideas arguing that states have to submit their disputes for third party settlement, especially to adjudication as an alternative to war. Such conceptions can be traced to old legends, according to which disputes between states or sovereigns were settled by arbitration. The records that have come down to us suggest that in more than one case bitter disputes were submitted to arbitration and the majority of arbitral awards were executed by the parties. In other words, it seems that recourse to arbitration was for centuries a rare but successful means of settling interstate disputes. Arbitration between ancient Greeks was rather widespread. Relying on cases treated by various authors, Taube estimates that over five hundred years, from the 7th to the middle of the 2nd century B.C., the number of cases settled by arbitration between the city-states (polis) ran to about 110.1 Some sort of arbitration was practised in theory by the Senate between allies (socii) in the Roman Empire, but one cannot speak of genuine arbitration at the time of the Roman Empire as Rome sought to have even the institution of arbitration serve its own expansionist aspirations.2 As Nicolas Politis rightly points out 'Rome considered itself


In this paper, we give a method to design FPGA logic modules, based on an extension of classical work on designing Universal Logic Modules (ULM). Specifically, we give a technique to design a class of logic modules that specialize to a large number of functions under complementations and permutations of inputs, bridging of inputs and assignment of 0/1 to inputs. Thus, a lot of functions can be implemented using a single logic module. The significance of our work lies in our ability to generate a large set of such logic modules. A choice can be made from this set based on design criteria. We demonstrate the technique by generating a set of 471 8-input functions that have a much higher coverage than the 8-input cells employed by Actel's FPGAs. Our functions can specialize to up to 23 times the number of functions that Actel functions can. We also show that by carefully optimizing these functions one can obtain multi-level implementations of them that have delays within 10% of the delays of Actel modules. We demonstrate the effectiveness of these modules in mapping benchmark circuits. We observed a 16% reduction in area and a 21% reduction in delay using our logic modules instead of Actel's on these circuits.


We lay the foundation for a version of $r$-spin theory in genus zero for Riemann surfaces with boundary. In particular, we define the notion of $r$-spin disks, their moduli space, and the Witten bundle, we show that the moduli space is a compact smooth orientable orbifold with corners, and we prove that the Witten bundle is canonically relatively oriented relative to the moduli space. In the sequel to this paper, we use these constructions to define open $r$-spin intersection theory and relate it to the Gelfand-Dickey hierarchy, thus providing an analogue of Witten's $r$-spin conjecture in the open setting.


By introducing two parameters and using the way of weight function,a Hilbert-type integral inequality is established with the homogeneous kernel of-4-order and the equivalent form is given.It is proved that the constant factor is the best.The reverse inequalities and some particular results are given for application.


Proposes a new technique to evaluate the results of fuzzy clustering. Fuzzy clustering is a method to obtain "natural groups" from given observations by using the assumption of a fuzzy subset on clusters. By this method, we can obtain the "degree of belongingness" of an object to a cluster, i.e. each object can belong to several clusters with several degrees, and the boundaries of the clusters become uncertain. However, such clustering sometimes causes confusion when trying to understand the clustering behavior, because the clusters are not exclusive, so each cluster has its own property of mixing with other clusters. Sometimes, a very mixed cluster is created, which makes it difficult to interpret the results. In this case, we need to evaluate the cluster homogeneity in the sense of the degree of belongingness. So, in this paper, I propose an evaluation technique for the results of fuzzy clustering using homogeneity analysis. Several numerical examples demonstrate the validity of this method.


Photographs of the Horopito and Erua areas, Ruapehu district, taken circa 1920-1922 by Mr J F Jobson.
Images show outdoor scenes, particularly relating to bush logging, bush railways, and railway bridges/viaducts. Some show evidence of the 1918 fire at Horopito.
Also three images of the Horopito Post Office where Mr Jobson worked before he married, two of a group on a hunting trip, and one each of the Waimarino and Horopito railway stations.
Quantity: 53 b&w original photographic print(s).
Physical Description: Photographic prints


such as the army, SS, and police, and draws a comparison with the parallel development in Ukraine and the Baltic States. The essay relies on primary sources to a lesser extent than other contributions to this volume but presents a competent overview of the current state of research. Lehnstaedt has exemplified the characteristics of German occupation in Eastern Europe by analysing the city of Minsk, and by comparing the findings with his earlier work on Warsaw. The study of first-hand accounts provides a rare insight into everyday life of the German occupants during the war. Lehnstaedt has found that violence played a much greater role in the Belarusian capital than it did in Poland. Crimes against Jews and other people viewed as hostile, personal enrichment, and a strict separation from the locals became normal for German military and civilian personnel, between whom strong comradely bonds existed. The study by Holler focuses on a perpetrator, Otto Ohlendorf, and his role in the mass murder of Soviet Roma as commander of Einsatzgruppe D, an SS killing squad. Ohlendorf pioneered the equalization of Jews and Roma, and thus their total annihilation, which in turn influenced the other three SS Einsatzgruppen and the Wehrmacht. This topic has hardly been researched so far. Holler has not only made use of the few scholarly works published, but also accessed important Russian primary sources and thus made them available to the public. In the final essay of the volume, Laub incorporates the situation in France during the year 1941 into the historical context of genocidal warfare in Eastern Europe. On the basis of a careful characterization of the first two German military commanders in France, he has found that, despite the comparatively moderate occupation policy pursued by the German military administration, a more radical strategy began to become apparent in the second year of occupation: violent measures such as reprisals in response to Communist partisan activity as well as the first arrests of Jews were carried out and escalated from mid-1942 onwards, when a new and more ideological military leadership took command. The work as a whole represents a very compact illustration of the current knowledge of German strategic and tactical decision-making and the implementation of radical policies during 1941 in spheres as different from one another as the military, the economy, ideology, and local occupation policy. Its central image, radicalization, and its focus on the Soviet Union are highly important for the explanation of the reasons that shaped the development from conventional warfare to a war of annihilation. Although not all contributions present entirely new findings, the volume contains groundbreaking new contributions and valuable overviews of topics that have already been researched. It also has the special advantage of making primary and secondary sources from other countries, especially Russia and Germany, accessible to the English-speaking world.


Antiviral properties of Ingavirin were investigated in the Hep-2 cell culture with respect to the human respiratory tract virus (type 5 adenovirus). In concentrations of Ingavirin of 1000, 100 and 10 mcg/ml the generated posterity showed lower infective capacity (by 250, 100 and 10 times respectively). The electron microscopy of the infected cells confirmed the Ingavirin ability to disturb the adenovirus normal morphogenesis.


It is suggested that a ''point fermion'' can interact kinetically with its own polarization field to give a spectrum of mass states.


A family is described in which five members, three sibs in one branch and two sib cousins in another, died of acute myelogenous leukemia. C‐Monosomy was found in the marrow of two of the sibs. C‐deletion aneuploidy has been increasingly reported in conjunction with abnormal myelopoiesis. It is possible that this chromosomal aberration may serve as a useful clinical marker of the emergence of a leukemic state.


Magnetic drift pumping on TMX-U involves driving four antennae through high Q-resonant circuits. One of the key elements in the resonant circuit is a variable inductor able to carry the 3500 amperes through the circuit and maintain its shape and inductance. The eight resonant circuits can be combined to feed the four antennae with one or two frequencies on each antenna, or frequency shift keying between two frequencies. Each resonant circuit is fed by two 10 to 30 kHz exciters capable of delivering 80 kW each to the circuit. Each exciter receives its power from its own adjustable 0 to 400 volt power supply. The entire system is controlled by a CAMAC control system over a fiber-optic link. The control system checks interlock status, controls ''On'' and ''Off'' status, calculates and adjusts phasing of the exciters for addition or deletion of the proper beat frequencies, and monitors operation. 3 refs., 5 figs.


In this work a fault tolerant control (FTC) based on virtual actuators is applied to an industrial drum boiler. For the case analyzed, the virtual actuator methodology is not able to make the system failure behave identically to the nominal one. However, an approximate solution using genetic algorithms is shown. The algorithm is tested by simulating actuator failures and a robust system response is obtained.


Since 1998, a campaign has been going on for including ethical and bioethical education in Macedonia. After years of struggle with the Ministry and the Bureau of Education, this process is finally completed. Bioethical education was introduced as part of ethical education, as a practical pedagogical activity in different schools and on different educational levels from kindergarten to master and doctoral studies. Furthermore, the method used for the ethical-bioethical education of young people proved to be very interactive and, at the same time, it discovered the route for the contemporary ethical education of the youngest children.


Richard Branson, International businessman and adventurer, recently had to abandon an attempt to set the cross-Atlantic sailing record after his 100-ft yacht was wrecked by a monster wave. The Canadian oilpatch should be so fortunate - the entire sector is floundering amid a series of equally crushing financial, environmental and political tsunamis. Gordon Cope reports.


Three renal transplant patients with culture-positive central nervous system infections resulting from varicella-zoster virus died of the virus infection. No finding predicting a poor outcome in these patients could be identified. Varicella-zoster infection in transplant recipients is a potentially fatal disease, and upon diagnosis should it be treated by (1) reduction in immunosuppression, and (2) initiation of either vidarabine or acyclovir as specific antiviral therapy.


The present study was conducted in 4 villages of Banaskantha district of Gujarat to know personal, social and economic characteristics of the beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers of demonstrated groundnut production technology. Results revealed that maximum number of the respondents from beneficiary and non-beneficiary groups were middle aged (47.14% and 51.43%) and having primary education (37.14% and 47.14%). Majority respondents from beneficiary and nonbeneficiary farmers were medium size of family (65.71% and 71.43%) and social participation with membership in one organization (48.57% and 55.71%). There was non-significant difference between beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers with respect to their age, education and size of family. Maximum number of respondents from beneficiary and non-beneficiary groups had semi-medium farm size (44.29% and 48.57%), medium annual income (80.00% and 82.86%) and had medium market orientation (70.00% and 60.00%). Social participation, size of farm, annual income and market orientation were found to be significant indicating there was significant difference between beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers.


The study's objects were 240 professional drivers. It researched on the relationship between the drivers' stress and correlational factors. The result revealed that drivers' main stressors are problems concerned with their work and families. They are more active to copy with their stress and their scores in subjective support are higher than in objective one. Compared with national norm,their SCL 90 scores in other dependent variables are no significant differences except those higher scores in somatization,compulsion and anxiety.


Elevated operating temperatures reduce the solar to electrical conversion efficiency of photovoltaic devices. In this paper, a numerical study is conducted to understand the thermal behavior of a photovoltaic panel with phase change materials. The analysis of the PV/PCM system was realized in three phases: temperature rise, start of melting of PCM and molten PCM so, three mathematical models for the resolution of thermal model of PV/PCM system during the solar insolation were used. First, an analytical model was used to study the behavior of PCM in state solid, after, an explicit and an implicit model were used to study globally the transfers. Different simplifications are introduced in the heat balances to realize a simple numerical approach. The Matlab software was used to solve different proposed models in this analysis. The results obtained are considered as a first approach to the study of a PV/PCM system.


According to psychoanalyst John Bowlby, an attachment is an emotion-laden target-specific bond between a person and a specific object. The adoption of attachment construct in marketing literature is relatively recent. There have been some research efforts in the marketing literature that investigate whether and how individuals form attachments to possessions, goods and brands. However, the role of attachment in marketing relationships developed via Internet remains an unexplored area. In the Web site context, there has been evidence that the different type of relationships between a Web site and its visitors are analogous to the relationships between two individuals or consumer and a brand. In this study, we synthesize the existing psychological and marketing theories on attachment and e-loyalty research, propose to investigate the effects of consumerspsila attachment on Web site loyalty, the antecedents of Web site attachment and the moderating role of attachment anxiety i.e. personality traits in the attachment-loyalty link. This study aims to uncover the underlying role of emotion ties between consumers and Web sites in shaping e-loyalty.


We discuss the following question of G. Makanin from ``Kourovka notebook'': does there exist an algorithm to determine is for an arbitrary pair of words $U$ and $V$ of a free group $F_n$ and an arbitrary automorphism $\phi \in Aut(F_n)$ the equation $\phi (X) U = V X$ solvable in $F_n$? We give the affirmative answer in the case when an automorphism is virtually inner, i.e. some its non-zero power is an inner automorphism of $F_n$.


The debate about the optimization of IT-infrastructure and services in German universities shows that a merger of the university library, the computing center and the media center involves special risks and chances as well as an organized cooperation of these partners. With a grant from the German Research Association (DFG), Augsburg University is setting up an IT Service Center headed by the ClO that enables coordination and cooperation and moreover brings together a range of different competencies. The article describes the planning process, the center's structure and the practical work that includes contributions of the university administration and researchers too.


For ultrastructural study of the formation and maturation of human eosinophil granules, bone marrow and buffy coat specimens were fixed with an aqueous solution of potassium pyroantimonate and osmium tetroxide and by conventional methods. The antimonate-osmium tetroxide method of fixation, which is thought to permit ultrastructural localization of sodium or other cations, offered an advantage over routine methods in that it permitted recognition of four rather than two varieties of cytoplasmic granules in human eosinophils at various stages of cell development. These four granule varieties, designated A, B, C, and D, differed primarily in distribution and content of crystalloids and antimonate deposits: A granules lacked antimonate deposits and cystalloids; B granules contained a rim of deposits but lacked crystalloids; C granules possessed deposits that were present in the peripheral matrices but not in the central crystalloids; and D granules lacked deposits but contained crystalloids. Evidence is provided that these four varieties of granules represent progressive stages in the maturation of a single granule type and that granules without crystalloids are transformed into granules with crystalloids. The results also provide evidence for the presence of an as yet unidentified pyroantimonate precipitable cation in human eosinophil granules.


Aggressive speed and voltage binning schemes are widely used in the industry to improve the yield of SoCs. For accurate bin classification, it is essential that the tests used for binning target the worst critical/speed-limiting paths in the design. We have observed in many SoCs that memory interface paths are amongst the top critical paths. In this paper, we propose new DFT schemes to improve the quality of memory interface logic test. We also discuss practical challenges and propose solutions for successfully implementing ATPG on memory-interface paths of large SoCs. Experimental results on 40nm industrial designs show an average increase of 36% memory interface fault coverage. Fmax result from production SoC silicon establishes the effectiveness of the proposed scheme for speed binning.


Babu, S., Shultz, L. D., and Rajan, T. V. 1999. T cells facilitate Brugia malayi development in TCRαnull mice. Experimental Parasitology 93, 55–57. The host–parasite interactions of Brugia malayi in mice are complex and multifactorial. In order to study the role of T cells in early B. malayi development, we infected TCRαnull mice, which retain a population of CD4+ TCRβ+ cells and TCRβnull mice, which lack all TCRαβ+ T cells. TCRαnull mice were permissive to L4 larval and adult worm development but TCRβnull mice were not. Depletion of the CD4+ T cells in the former abrogated the permissive phenotype. It appears that the CD4+ TCRβ+ T cells that have been described in TCRαnull mice may facilitate early B. malayi development. These data are similar to our earlier demonstration of the role of NK cells in facilitating worm growth in SCID mice.


[Objective]To understand the situation of hospital infection and its risk factors in Luoyang.[Methods]To analyze the data of hospital infection from 1995 to 2003 in 22 second level comprehensive hospitals at urban area in Luoyang.[Results]348 019 patients discharged from hospitals from 1995 to 2003,13 375 hospital infection cases happened on 12 742 persons.The incidence rate of hospital infection was 3.66%,the incidence rate of cases was 3.84%.The incidence rate of medicine department was the highest(4.98%),that of department of otolaryngology was the lowest(1.38%).The incidence rate of blood system diseases was 8.52%,of nervous system diseases was 7.87%,of malignant tumor was 7.59%.The main position of human body which had hospital infection easily was lower respiratory tract (50.89%), gastrointestinal tract (10.89%), urinary road (representing 9.71%),and wound after operation (9.41%).[Conclusion]The incidence rate of hospital infection in second level comprehensive hospitals was lower,different departments and diseases had different incidence rate of infection.


The management of diabetes cannot be achieved by giving medicines alone. In fact more than 50% of diabetics do not need any medication. The mainstay in the management is the life style change, as we have seen that the cause of diabetes is the wrong habits of living. Hence, it is important that you underhanded the details about how to manage your diabetes yourself. Hence, all good diadetc centres have very intensive education programs to give this education in detail. the four areas which you should understand are (i) diet (ii) exercise (iii) the medicines (iv) yoga. Amongst the medicines too, people with NIDDM can mange with oral anti-diabetic tablets, and it is a very small percentage of people who require insulin injection, in this chapter we shall go into the details of what you should know in these areas of managing your diabetes, without apprehension about the long term consequences. the right knowledge is the basis of getting over the fear of the unknown.


Objective To construct a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) adenovirus vector targeting protein kinase BI (PKB1/Akt1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and observe their expression in human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901. Methods Akt1 and COX-2 shRNA expression frames were sub-cloned to pGSadeno adenovirus vector by homologous recombination technology to construct pGSadeno-Aktl + COX-2 ( pGSadeno-A + C) vector. Furthermore after screening and amplification,recombinant ade-novirus vector was digested with Pacl and transfected into HEK293 cells. The replication adenovirus rAd5-A + C was packed and amplified in the HEK293 cells, and its titer was detected. After human SGC-7901 cells in vitro were transfected by rAd5-A + C,Akt1 and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot respectively. Compared with rAdS-A + C,SGC-7901 and gen-eral rAd5-HK were selected as the negative controls. Results The recombinant adenovirus rAd5-A + C was constructed successfully and its titer reached 1.0 ×10~(10) pfu/ml. Aktl and COX-2 mRNA expression was downregulated significantly, and their △Ct values ( 12.26±0.05 and 5.41±0.09 respectively ) were higher than rAd5-HK group (10.63±0.02 and 3.75 +0.08 respectively) and control group (10.57± 0.02 and 3.73±0.08 respectively) (P 0.05). Aktl and COX-2 protein expression was downregulated by 70.5% and 63.7% respectively ( P 0.05 ). Conclu-sion The shRNA aclenovirus vector targeting Akt1 and COX-2 can specifically inhibit Akt1 and COX-2 expression,and this may be a new strategy in gastric carcinoma gene therapy targeting Akt1 and COX-2.

Key words:
Gastric carcinoma; Protein kinase B1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Short hairpin RNA; Adenovirus vector


Agile methodologies aid software engineering teams by defining the tools and processes necessary to succeed. These methodologies can be tailored to support engineers from other disciplines such as computer engineering. This paper discusses a four year effort at EmbryRiddle Aeronautical University to integrate agile methodologies into our capstone design course for computer engineering and software engineering. This paper discusses the positive and negative aspects of using agile methodologies, and how the faculty has adapted agile processes/tools to better support larger and more multi-disciplinary teams. It concludes with some lessons learned for faculty considering using agile for their design projects.


This report is part of a comprehensive study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar depressive psychoses (Perris: 1966, I-X) and gives an account of the prognosis and of the results of the therapy in these two groups of depressive psychotics treated at the Sidsjon Mental Hospital, with a follow-up of at least two years. In spite of numerous reports concerning the results of different therapies in depressive states, which have been published recently: Nystrom (1964), Carney et al. (1965), Mendels (1965), Hordern (1966), and of numerous meetings concerned with this problem, the opinions concerning therapeutic possibilities in depressive states and long-term results are still controversial. There are very few reports in the literature which might be compared with our investigation, the main obstacle being a difference in the classification of the cases. Our ))bipolar)) series, e.g. comprises only manic-depressive patients within the limits of Leonhard's classification (1959), i.e. patients who experienced both manic as well as depressive phases. There is no comparison in the literature where less narrow criteria are generally used for the diagnosis of manic-depressive psychosis. Angst (1961) and Fazio & Giberti (1963) adopt Leonhard's classification but their results are mainly concerned with imipramine therapy. Bruce et al. (1960), Catalano-Nobili & Cerquetelli (1960), Furst (1961), Nayrac et al. (1960), Degwitz (1961), Norris et al. (1961), Oltman & Friedman (1961, 1962), Kristiansen (1962), Flynn & Hirsch (1962), Wittenhorn et al. (1961), Alberti (1963), Hutchinson & Smedberg (1963), Raun (1964), Langsley & Siirdma (1965), Arnold & Kryspin-Exner (1965), among others, give in their reports a comparison between E. C. T. and antidepressants in the treatment of affective disorders. But the classification is often rather indefinite, the main stress laid upon a distinction of more or less severe ))endogenous)) depressions versus neurotic or ))exogenous)) depressive states.


where a and q are real-valued, positive and rd-continuous functions on a time scale T , R with supT 1⁄4 1 and a $ 1 is the ratio of two positive odd integers. For completeness, we recall the following concepts related to the notion of time scales. A time scale T is an arbitrary nonempty closed subset of the real numbers R, and since oscillation of solutions is our primary concern, we make the assumption that supT 1⁄4 1. We assume throughout that T has the topology that it inherits from the standard topology on the real numbers R. The forward and backward jump operators are defined by


Carboxylic acids can be converted into acid chlorides and alcohols into alkyl halides under neutral conditions by treatment with a polymer-supported phosphine in carbon tetrachloride, the reaction being largely worked up by filtration.


Objective To study the function of help T cells(Th)in patients with different hepatitis B virus(HBV) genotypes.Methods IL-2,IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-10 released by Th were measured in 29 patients with different HBV genotypes.Then the data was analyzed.Results Levels of IL-2,IFN-γ,and IL-4 were significantly higher in patients with hepatitis B than the controls(P0.01或P0.05).Levels of ALT,IL-2,IFN-γ,Th1/Th2 were significantly higher(P0.05或P0.01) and IL-4 was significantly lower(P0.05) in patients with genotype C than patients with genotype D.Conclusion There is an imbalance of Th polarization in patients with hepatitis B.In patients with genotype C,Th1 is in the ascendant,so hepatic inflammation is more severe,its curative effect and prognosis is bad.


Purpose – To extend to electromagnetism the acoustic wave reflections on time reversal mirrors used in medical imaging, nondestructive testing and underwater acoustics.Design/methodology/approach – Recent works (1993‐2004) analyse the reflection of acoustic waves on time reversal mirror. To perform the same job in electromagnetism, the behaviour of the electromagnetic field tensor under the space and time inversions of the referential is investigated and also, when in addition an exchange of two coordinates exists. All these reflections are supposed obtained from perfect but unconventional mirrors.Findings – Electromagnetic reflections on unconventional mirrors have remarquable features since some of them give birth to a real twin source of the incident source with an opposite polarization.Practical implications – The techniques used in acoustic to manufacture time reversal mirrors can be used in electromagnetism with possible applications of such mirrors for instance in cameras to avoid reversed photogra...


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to composition for obtaining fuel briquette, which contains thermally processed coal fines and residues of petroleum processing as binding substance, it contains thermally processed coal fines to humidity not higher than 4-5%, thermally processed to humidity not higher than 4-5% sulfate hydrolytic lignin, neutralised with solution in ratio S:L as 1:5 of slaked lime in amount 1.34 kg per a ton of sulfate hydrolytic lignin and is subjected to mechanical activation, with the following component ratio, wt %: thermally processed coal fine - 74-75%, sulfate hydrolytic lignin - 11-15%, residues of petroleum processing - 15-10%. EFFECT: increase of ecological safety due to reduction of fraction of emissions of sulfurous compounds in combustion of fuel briquettes. 2 tbl, 2 ex


The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between human resource (HR) practices, knowledge seeking and knowledge giving by applying the lenses of the motivation-opportunities-abilities framework in the context of the multinational enterprise subsidiary located in Central Europe. The article presents the research results using qualitative methodology, mainly based on semi-structured interviews among employees of a quality assurance department. As a result of this research, the situations when employees seek knowledge and give knowledge in response to a request were identified together with motivations, abilities and opportunities related to those behaviours. We then identified HR practices and determined which of these practices enhance or develop conditions related to pull knowledge sharing. These results extend the knowledge on knowledge seeking and giving behaviour by introducing antecedences not studied earlier.


In order to guide the evacuation of inhabitants in times of disaster, there is an official evacuation announcement. However, it has been found that not all inhabitants actually evacuate when such an order is announced. In order to heighten the effectiveness of the evacuation guidance system, it is necessary to grasp the decision-making mechanism of inhabitants in times of disaster.In the time of flood disaster, it is expected that inhabitant's decision-making of evacuation behavior is influenced by the situation of the circumferences, such as the state of flooding, the evacuation announcement, and so on. Therefore in this research, we examined how to sharpen evacuation procedures by analyzing inhabitant's decision-making of evacuation behavior in the heavy rainfall disaster in Tokai district.


This thesis work with the theme; IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LOCAL BUSINESS ACCOUNTING IN CELLULAR GDC Miss. GLENDA Conza IN THE CITY OF CANTON CALVAS Cariamanga province of Loja; PERIOD JANUARY - MARCH 2015 was designed with the aim to develop practical application of the appropriate accounting system for the commercial enterprise; likewise it was developed in consideration of art. 131 of the Rules of Academic System of the National University of Loja, prior to choose the degree of Engineer in Accounting and Auditing. CPA The objectives in commercial cellular GDC were made to make the accounting process that starts with determining the initial inventory yielded information on the assets, securities , services and obligations held company , based on this information might structure a Plan and manual accounts that served as central to the development of accounting process , which was launched from the journal where the operations carried out during the study period were recorded , then proceeded to Ledger and trial Balance to finally finish based Financial Statements , which reflected actual data of the company were presented to the owner to be analyzed and determine the importance of accounting application within the company and in turn allowed to publicize tax obligations to avoid possible sanctions.
At the conclusion of the work of implementation of an accounting system for the "Commercial Mobile Telephony GDC" and recommended to continue applying it to the owner of the company can provide timely economic and financial information, facilitating reliable decision making.


The European Commission's Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) was asked to elaborate the possibilities to assess the socio-economic impacts of the TAC and quota proposal in the longer-term context of e.g. the Maximum Sustainable Yield policy and full implementation of the Landing Obligation (LO). In addition, STECF was asked to elaborate a methodology for incorporating multispecies interactions (e.g. predator-prey interactions) and choke species impact in the context of multispecies management plans (e.g. North Sea) and the implementation of the LO. The methodology should be able to provide results at the level of regions dependent on fisheries.


'Sue Shaw' is a Year 6 teacher at Moomba Park Primary School. Although Sue is fictitious, she is an amalgam of the many teachers I have met who understand that there is more to the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in schools than simply teaching students about computers and how to use application software. This paper describes a typical morning in Sue's classroom. It shows how she and her students interact with the technology and how she weaves it into a dynamic curriculum designed to challenge and motivate. Sue's ideas on what is good teaching are discussed. In exploring her rationale for the use of ICT in the classroom the concepts of constructivism and engaged learning are investigated.


This paper addresses an initial boundary value problem for the damped Burgers equation in weighted Sobolev spaces on half line. First, it introduces two normed spaces and present relations between them, which in turn enables us to analysis the existence and uniqueness of a local mild solution and of a global strong solution in these weighted spaces. The paper also studies the well-posedness of this equation in a semi-infinite interval.


In her article the author points that the development of regional economy depends on the role of managerial personnel in effectuation of resolutions and programmes concerned with a development of a certain region. Creation and fruitful development of free economic zones promote further activization of the country upon the whole. The author makes well-grounded conclusions running to the effect that free economic zones are able to play the role of growth centres (units)and control levers in regard to economy processes and their transition from a macroeconomic level to a regional one; the elements of self-sufficient management being enforced thereby.


This article, basing itself on the idea of anthropocentrism, discusses the policies for a healthy and sustainable development of west China. The main points include: development and protection at the same time; a suitable adjustment of the industrial structure and a good protection of the environment of west China; a quick development of protection skills and industries; a quick development of health-care industry through establishing or improving the service system of our society.


Although not commonly seen in Japan, the incidence of leptospirosis reported in 2014 was the highest in the past 6 years. It is important to consider leptospirosis among patients who traveled to Okinawa, Japan, and to keep in mind Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction when administering antimicrobial agents to patients with leptospirosis.

A 59-year-old Japanese man with a history of hypertension presented with a complaint of fever and watery diarrhea. He climbed mountains, got lost accidentally and drunk 2 l of fresh water in the swamp in Okinawa, Japan 2 weeks prior to admission.

Physical examinations showed blood pressure 129/89 mmHg, heart rate 112/min, respiratory rate 30/min, temperature of 38.5°C and oxygen saturation of 97% on room air. His bilateral palpebral conjunctivas were significantly injected with jaundice. The patient had tenderness to bilateral thighs …


The theory of postsecularism maintains that religions and religious communities are being transformed, while remaining important social factors in modern societies. Secularism submits that religion does not play a role in public affairs and is disappearing more and more from the public sphere. In this chapter, the author attempt to show that the term 'postsecularism' covers the wide transformation of religion into a dimension of personal experiences and convictions which are not limited to religious institutions and communities. The term also confirms that secularization has taken place, but denotes a differentiation of church and state, religion and politics, as well as a decline in church membership and a loss of power for religious institutions. It is also a result of our forgetting that religion can be understood as a personal experience close to aesthetic experiences, an understanding of religion which was developed by liberal Protestant theologians in the 19th century. Keywords: aesthetic experiences; liberal Protestant theologians; Postsecularism; Secularism


A REVIEW IS MADE OF MINNESOTA'S HISTORY OF FROST STUDIES THICKNESS OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS IN MINNESOTA WAS SHOWN TO INDICATE REQUIREMENTS IN THE FROST AREA. THE LABORATORY STUDIES FOR DETERMINATION OF THERMAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS ARE DESCRIBED. METHODS ARE PRESENTED FOR CALCULATING FROST PENETRATION IN HIGHWAYS AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS FOR COMPARISON WITH CALCULATIONS.


The Student Video Program was an educational outreach program intended to educate and involve high school students in environmental restoration and waste management issues. Through participation in this program the students were shown how science and math are related to these subjects. In addition, they were exposed to many different and interesting career opportunities.


Background The majority of patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OpSCC) have favourable survival outcomes, but a significant minority of individuals will die of their disease. There are currently no definitive criteria to identify HPV-associated OpSCC patients with poor outcome. Recent reports suggest that quantitative evaluation of T-cell subpopulations in OpSCC may be of prognostic value, but the methods used have limited utility in a clinical diagnostic setting. We sought therefore to determine the clinical prognostic utility of tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) evaluation in HPV-associated OpSCC within the context of a diagnostic histopathology setting.


In order to investigate the plasma expansion behaviors and the electrical recovery process after the maximum implosion in our tin fueled laser-assisted discharge plasma (LDP) 13.5 nm EUV source, we developed and evaluated a cost-efficient spectroscopic method to determine the electron temperature Te and density ne simultaneously, by using Stark broadenings of two Sn II isolated lines (5s24f2F°5/2 – 5s25d2D3/2 558.9 nm and 5s26d2D5/2 – 5s26p2P°3/2 556.2 nm) spontaneously emitted from the plasma. The spatial-resolved evolutions of Te and ne of the expansion plasma over 50 to 900 ns after the maximum implosion were obtained using this modified Stark broadening method. According to the different ne decay characteristics along the Z-pinch axis, the expansion velocity of the electrons was estimated as ∼1.2 × 104 ms− 1 from the plasma shell between the electrodes towards the cathode and the anode. The decay time constant of ne was measured as 183 ± 24 ns. Based on the theories of plasma adiabatic expansion and e...


The distribution of ichthyoplankton assemblages (summer 1999 and winter 2000) from the southern region of the California Current (CC) off the Baja California Peninsula were analyzed. Latitudinal and ocean-coast distribution limits of the assemblages were associated with the geostrophic flow, which showed the presence of cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies in the northern and central region of the Baja California Peninsula. The comparative analysis of distribution and abundance of the developmental stages (egg to preflexion, flexion, and postflexion larval stages), showed that each mesoscale eddy had a specific ichthyoplankton assemblage, and the ichthyogeographic regionalization of the study area was determined by the presence of eddies and fronts. Retention processes were observed on epipelagic and demersal species where the fish larvae were maintained near the coastal region. Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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Streaming applications are becoming more and more popular in the mobile world, especially with the new developments in wireless data networks. Promises of maximum throughput speeds of a 100Mbps along with the appearance of multimedia tablets opened the path to a diverse range of streaming services. Signal degradation and user mobility make wireless networks a challenging environment for real-time applications like streaming, due to frequent bandwidth variations. Hence, to assure a continuous service and to maximise the user experience, it is necessary to automatically adapt the streaming rate of the session, based on the network state. This report presents a layered QoS and QoE based rate adaptation algorithm that tackles both delivery and playback problems. It uses measurements of the RTT variation, an original probing technique and playback quality reports to estimate user experience and react as fast and as accurate as possible. The adaptation strategy parameters have been tuned for optimal performance in different wireless environments, like WiFi, WiMAX and LTE.


Objective To explore the effect of evidence-based nursing(EBN) on the treatment of bartholinian abscess patients with LEEP knife therapy.Methods 46 patients were divided into observation group and control group,23 cases in each group.The observation group was conducted with EBN,while the control group was conducted with conventional nursing measures.Effect of nursing was compared between two groups.Results Operative cooperation was effective in the observation group,and the indexes such as operation time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative healing,recurrence rate and satisfactory degree toward nursing in the observation group were significantly better than the control group(P0.05).Conclusion Application of EBN in the nursing of bartholinian abscess patients with LEEP knife therapy can achieve satisfactory and effective effect.


Drone sightings at London's Gatwick Airport disrupted operations there for three days last December, and in January, rumored sightings near Newark [N.J.] Liberty International Airport delayed incoming air traffic temporarily. These incidents highlighted a growing problem with small drones: Miscreants, or just clueless operators, can make real trouble by flying these machines where they're not allowed.


p-Toluenesulfonic acid-[(2-acryloyloxy) ethyl] ester(TAEE) was synthesized by O-acylation reaction of p-toluene sulfonyl chloride(TsCl) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate(HEA) as starting materials using NaOH as catalyst,and then rosin-[(2-acryloyloxy) ethyl] ester(RAEE) was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of sodium rosinate and TAEE.By the single factor experimentation,the optimal conditions for the synthesis of TAEE were obtained as follows:The ratio n(HEA)∶n(TsCl) was 5∶1,the reaction temperature was 0 ℃,the reaction time was 2 h and the yield amounted to 83.9%.The optimal conditions for the synthesis of RAEE were as follows:The ratio n(sodium rosinate)∶n(TAEE) was 1.3∶1,the reaction temperature was 60 ℃,the solvent dosage was 30 mL,the reaction time was 3 h and the yield was up to 72.6%.RAEE was analyzed and characterized by TLC,IR and GC-MS.From the experimental results it can be concluded that the new method mentioned above had its advantages such as a shortened reaction time,a reduced reaction temperature,and avoidance of side reactions thanks to high temperature.


Present investigation was taken up with a view to identify characters as an index to model plant architecture. The study was undertaken with two separate sets of materials consisting of thirty-six elite genotypes and F3 populations of six crosses involving diverse parents and their F4 generation in the ensuing season. Phenotypic correlations and path coefficient analysis have been used to identify the model plant features. A bird's eye view of the model plant features coming out in the present study suggested that a model plant has to be comparatively tall with more number of primary branches and higher number of pods per plant. The pods have to be longer with more number of comparatively bolder seeds. Since leafiness was found to be associated positively with seed yield, comparatively more leaves per plant will be needed in a model plant. Taller plants may tend to lodge and therefore, a compromise between plant height and number of pods has to be made.


Silymarin as a polyphenolic flavonoid is extracted from the seeds of silybum marinum plant. Flavonolignans are the major components of silymarin as well as oxidized and polymeric polyphenols. Silybin is the most active constituent of silymarin claimed for the plants therapeutically effects. Tens of thousands of empirical and clinical studies have shown that the plausibility of acute and chronic silymarin toxicity is scanty, so it is a safe supplement [2,3].


Designs a large wave-piercing catamaran,which is used for the passengers and cars across the Taiwan Channel. On the base of calculation of the capability, some different designs are compared. And the parameters that affect the wave-piercing catamaran are researched.


With the expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) the design of highly-integrated radio transceivers is a challenging task. The major concern is the power consumption, which is generally non-optimal due to the fluctuation of the communication channel quality. In this paper, we propose the use of downsampling techniques for decreasing the computational load of the baseband signal processing. More precisely, the paper compares two mechanisms using the IEEE 802.15.4 PHY in the 2.45 GHz band. It demonstrates that the performances remain close to the theoretical bound, even if only partial codes are used for the decoding. According to these results, it shows the impact of such techniques on the power consumption, considering a codes correlator unit. Thereby, it highlights the ability of downsampling to be used as an actuator in an adaptive baseband architecture, while preserving a good level of performances.


The accuracy of Visible Wavelength (VW) iris recognition systems is significantly affected by the quality of iris sample images. Using degraded VW iris sample images can significantly decrease the performance of iris recognition systems. There are not many iris quality enhancement methods in the research field. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate whether existing image quality enhancement methods can improve the performance of biometric systems for degraded VW iris images. In this paper, we apply nine image enhancement methods to a VW iris database, which contains high quality and degraded iris sample images. The experimental results show that some of selected enhancement methods can significantly improve VW iris recognition system performance.


Presents the first fully-functional, low-cost radar based anticipatory precrash sensor, capable of providing critical pre-collision data to passenger restraint system electronic control units (ECU), enabling earlier airbag deployment times, or activation of seatbelt pre-tensioners. Highly-efficient signal processing techniques are used to track objects in a potential collision trajectory with the host vehicle and provide closing velocity, distance, time-to-impact, and point of impact on the vehicle, only if a collision is imminent. The sensor has been extensively tested and is immune to false alarms from road-side objects, nearby passing vehicles and sidewalks. Self-diagnostic algorithms constantly monitor the health of all sensor functions and provide real-time correction of center frequency and transmit-bandwidth to stay within the FCC limits and to eliminate factory adjustments and vulnerability to the effects of temperature or aging. All radar functions are performed on a single GaAs MMIC chip mounted in a low-cost SOIC package. The complete precrash sensor with embedded antenna occupies a total volume <90 cubic centimeters.


Due to differences in planting environment, color, shape, size, and compactness, accurate detection of grape clusters is very difficult. Herein, a real-time detection method for grape clusters based on the YOLOv5s deep learning algorithm was proposed. More specifically, a novel dataset called Grape-internet was constructed, which consisted of 8657 grape images and corresponding annotation files in complex scenes. By training and adjusting the parameters of the YOLOv5s model on the data set, and by reducing the depth and width of the network, the lightweight processing of the network was completed, losing only a small amount of accuracy. As a result, the fast and accurate detection of grape clusters was finally realized. The test results showed that the precision, recall, mAP and F1 of the grape cluster detection network were 99.40%, 99.40%, 99.40% and 99.40%, respectively, and the average detection speed per image was 344.83 fps, with a model size of 13.67 MB. Compared with the YOLOv5x, ScaledYOLOv4-CSP and YOLOv3 models, the precision of YOLOv5s was 1.84% higher than that of ScaledYOLOv4-CSP, and the recall rate and mAP were slightly lower than three networks by 0.1–0.3%. The speed was the fastest (4.6 times, 2.83 times and 6.7 times of YOLOv3, ScaledYOLOv4-CSP and YOLOv5x network, respectively) and the network scale was the smallest (1.61%, 6.81% and 8.28% of YOLOv3, ScaledYOLOv4-CSP YOLOv5x, respectively) for YOLOv5s. Moreover, the detection precision and recall rate of YOLOv5s was 26.14% and 30.96% higher, respectively, than those of Mask R-CNN. Further, it exhibited more lightweight and better real-time performance. In short, the detection network can not only meet the requirements of being a high precision, high speed and lightweight solution for grape cluster detection, but also it can adapt to differences between products and complex environmental interference, possessing strong robustness, generalization, and real-time adaptability.


UML Sequence Diagrams are one of the most commonly used type of UML diagrams in practice. Their semantics is often considered to be straightforward, but a more detailed analysis reveals diverse interpretations. These different choices must be properly supported by verification tools. This paper describes a formal framework for capturing semantic choices in a precise and modular way. The user is then able to select the semantics of interest, mix different interpretations, and analyze diagrams according to the chosen solution. This solution is supported by Corretto, our UML verification environment, to allow the user to play with different semantics and prove properties on Sequence Diagrams, accordingly.


Eye tracking methods are often used to review virtual products. This generally requires users to keep their head still and focus on a screen producing an unnatural situation for evaluating real products. The aim of this pilot study was to create a more r


The design of a campus management system was described in detail based on PHP programming language,focusing on the function of the system,database design,and table design.


The increasing availability of synchrotron x-ray sources has stimulated the development of advanced hard x-ray (E{>=}5 keV) microprobes. New x-ray optics have been demonstrated which show promise for achieving intense submicron hard x-ray probes. These probes will be used for extraordinary elemental detection by x-ray fluorescence/absorption and for microdiffraction to identify phase and strain. The inherent elemental and crystallographic sensitivity of an x-ray microprobe and its inherently nondestructive and penetrating nature makes the development of an advanced hard x-ray microprobe an important national goal. In this workshop state-of-the-art hard x-ray microprobe optics were described and future directions were discussed. Gene Ice, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), presented an overview of the current status of hard x-ray microprobe optics and described the use of crystal spectrometers to improve minimum detectable limits in fluorescent microprobe experiments. Al Thompson, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL), described work at the Center for X-ray Optics to develop a hard x-ray microprobe based on Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) optics. Al Thompson also showed the results of some experimental measurements with their KB optics. Malcolm Howells presented a method for bending elliptical mirrors and Troy Barbee commented on the use of graded d spacings to achieve highest efficiency in KB multilayermore » microfocusing. Richard Bionta, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), described the development of the first hard x-ray zone plates and future promise of so called {open_quotes}jelly roll{close_quotes} or sputter slice zone plates. Wenbing Yun, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), described characterization of jelly roll and lithographically produced zone plates and described the application of zone plates to focus extremely narrow bandwidths by nuclear resonance. This report summarizes the presentations of the workshop subgroup on hard x-ray microprobes.« less


The problem of retail location decision-making is the most crucial issue for retail industry, which decide whether the retail operation would be successful. In this paper, we build a retail location factor system for evaluation on the basis of related factors. Surely, the construction of the factor system is based on traditional retail location theories. To ensure that the retail location decision-making process to be more scientific and rational, we construct the retail location decision-making model by combining AHP and entropy weight method together, and complete the decision-making process. The weights of the model are determined not only by considering experience of the experts, but also by the data-specific information behind the alternatives. We effectively improve the accuracy of retail location decision-making process through the combination of AHP and entropy weight method.


This study was conducted to find the effects of microclimates such as air and soil temperature, photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) on the berry development and physiological property between cultivation conditions (open field and rain shelter house) in 'Northland' blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum). The rate of berry growth and development was stimulated in plants grown in rain shelter house, thus, berry reached to the ripe stage about one week earlier than those in open field. Berry weight and size at ripe stage seemed not affected by microclimates. However, total soluble solids content was higher in berries from open field whereas the titratable acidity was significantly higher in berries grown in rain shelter house. Berry firmness at ripe stage was little affected by growing condition. Total anthocyanin content of ripe berries was higher in berries harvested from rain shelter house. Total phenolics content and anti-oxidation activity of berries were higher in open field than those of rain shelter house during berry development but no differences were found at ripe berries.