Forced cooling with hot air obliged passing through the steam path after shutting down has been widely adopted for the severe competition in the open market. For the sake of tiny convection coefficient compared with vapour, however, the security analyses have been neglected which leads the ambiguity of the potential advantages of forced cooling. Based on the three dimensional axial symmetrical thermal stress computation for the rotor of a 600?MW steam turbine produced by Shanghai Turbine Company(STC), this paper deals with some questions such as modelling, initial conditions for calculation, optimize control of the cooling process so as to provide a reference to real experimentation.


Objective To investigate the effects of mild hypothermia induced by endovascular cooling with heating exchange catheters on severe traumatic brain injury in patients. Methods Twenty patients with severe traumatic brain injury aged 18-60 yr were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=10 each):ice bay cooling group (group IBC) and endovascular cooling group (group EVC).The state of consciousness was scored on a Glasgow coma scale (GCS).The patients had GCS scores of 3-8. The patients underwent emergency surgery.A probe of intracranial pressure monitor was placed during operation.In group EVC intravascular heat exchange catheters were inserted via femoral vein and connected to intravascular heat exchange system (CoolGard 3000, Alsius, USA). In group EVC body temperature was reduced to 34℃ and maintained at this level for 48 h. MAP, HR, body temperature and intracranial pressure (ICP) were continuously monitored and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) was calculated. Blood samples were taken from peripheral vein for determination of serum concentrations of neuron specific enolase (NSE), myelin basic protein (MBP) and S-100B (by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) and GCS scores were assessed at 10 min before (baseline) and 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after operation. The state of consciousness was again assessed 3 months after operation and scored on Glasgrow outcome scale(GOS). Results ICP was significantly lower and CPP was higher after operation in group EVC than in group IBC. Serum concentrations of NSE, MBP and S-100B were significantly lower after operation in group EVC than in group IBC. Conclusion Mild hypothermia induced by endovascular cooling with heating exchange catheters can effectively reduce severe traumatic brain injury in patients.

Key words:
Hypothermia, induced;  Brain injuries


Despite small improvements in Year 12 attainment for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students over the past 10 years, convergence with non-Indigenous achievement remains slow and narratives of deficiency continue to dominate public discourse and policy in this area. This chapter examines recommendations and goals across three policy periods, identifying prevailing and shifting discourses and their effects on achieving intended aims. Our analysis illustrates that little has changed in the discourses and the effects of Commonwealth policy in this area over the past 50 years. That is, while numerous attempts have been made in policy and practice to address participation and attainment levels, the effects of these initiatives have been limited in terms of outcomes. We argue that going forward into the 21st century, a major rethink of the representation of the "problem" is required. This historical analysis enables us to identify how policy might be enacted in the future, and to provide suggestions for how to move forward productively in order to enhance the learning and lives of indigenous people.


___________________________________________________________________ This study aimed to determine the effect and differences in the use of the cooperative model Think Talk Write and Problem Based Learning aided by Pop Up Books media on the critical thinking skills of elementary school students. This research used a quantitative research method of quasi experiment. The research design used in the study was the pretest-posttest control group design. The sample of this research was SD 1 Rahtawu and SD 2 Rahtawu as the control class and SD 1 Menawan as the experimental class. The control class consisted of 39 students and the experimental class consisted of 40 students. The independent variable was the cooperative model Think Talk Write and Problem Based Learning aided by Pop Up Books media. While the dependent variable was students' critical thinking. The data collection technique was a test of students' critical thinking results. With the results of the average value obtained by the control class 79.1, while in the experimental class the average value is 82.6. With an average N-gain in the experimental class is 0.51 in the medium category, while the average N-gain in


This article puts forward access frequency and browsing time-based browsing preference path mining algorithm as well as personalized information recommendation algorithm. At first, it necessarily performs pretreatment on original log file. Then, according to current users browsing behavior and the given mode in access mode base, that is, the mode in path mode base with higher browsing rate for match, the paper searches weight value with successful match in mixing matrix and provides users with recommending page service according to weight value arrangement in descending order. The decision-tree technology of data mining is applied to combine with users information search behavior to construct automatic recognition model of users information request. The log data mining and recommending test based on one commercial website show that this method effectively improves accuracy and coverage of personal resource recommendation.


One type of radiation which is widely used in the field of radiodiagnostic is ionizing radiation. This radiation is a type of radiation with the source of radiation from X-ray devices used in many medical purposes such as Roentgen. Besides giving benefits, radiation has an adverse effect on health when it exceeds specified dose limit. Monitoring radiation doses for most hospitals in Indonesia use passive dosimeters that monitored every month. Dosimeter Co-Card Alarm (DOSCA) is an innovative instrument that combines the application of surveymeter as a gage of dose velocity and dose meter as a gage of radiation dose simultaneously and directly with component advanced electronic in occupational safety and health efforts in the radiation field. At function test in radiology of RSI PDHI Yogyakarta use comparison instrument brand BliT made in China, which is controlled by voltage that starts from 50kV until 90kV, 65mA and 0,08s. The average result of the difference in value obtained between BliT and DOSCA is 0.03μSv. Then the function test in CV. Sehat Sejahtera using voltage 60kV with 5mAs and 10mAs showed the average result of the difference by 0,0μSv. The results of testing instrument showed that DOSCA were able to detect X-ray radiation well.


The aim of the work was to refine the calculation of the electric and magnetic field strengths of an overhead power transmission line and to model patterns of electric and magnetic fields of industrial frequency. The novelty of the work consists in clarifying the calculation of the magnitudes of the magnetic and electric field strengths, taking into account the splitting of the phase wire into two conductors and obtaining pictures of the electric and magnetic fields of the 500 kV overhead power line. The method of mirror images was used to calculate the electric and magnetic field strengths. To verify the results obtained and further study of the electromagnetic field, simulation models of a 500 kV overhead power line were developed in the ELCUT and FEMM (Finite Element Method Magnetics) programs that simulate the electric and magnetic fields by the finite element method. Based on the results of the conducted studies, it is concluded that it is necessary to take into account the splitting of the phase into conductors when calculating the electric and magnetic field strengths of power transmission lines and modeling patterns of electromagnetic fields.


Inquiry social learning Strategy is a Method applied to improve student learning outcomes. For this strategy, researcher conducted 3 Cycle to review Seeing strategy development Success rate singer. Where in CYCLE I Researcher do planning, Implementation, observation and reflection. The results showed that knowledge students Still Really was low.its proved by results of data analysis and reflection that has carried on Implementation of the action on cycle 1 Not referring at set Indicators That More Than 75% or follow the whole of Students Learning activities. While the findings in the cycle II No one got 100 score, only 7 students got 75-90 score or 63.63% andonly 3 students got 60-70 score or 27.27%. On cycle III, improving student learning outcomes on the material of Historical Hindu in Indonesia are optimaluccess. Every Final Evaluation Study shows that theaverage score in cycle 1 reached an average of 5.45%,where in the CYCLE II reached an average of 7.27%. While Scores in cycle III reached an average of 9.27%.


Traffic accident prediction model is built to accurately judge the traffic safety of road sections in this paper.Firstly,accident rate of road section is selected as the prediction objective,and seven factors,including driving years,number of lanes,radius of horizontal curve,longitudinal grade,road surface status,type of intersection and width of road surface,are selected as major influencing factors,which are further classified into many items.Then based on quantitative theories,an improved traffic accidents prediction model is established.To verify this model,an application in an accident-prone section 333.5 km to 334.0 km is carried out with the data of road accident and actual structure from 222.888 km to 377.387 km on the same national highway as an example.The calculating result indicates that the three-way intersection has the greatest influence on road traffic,next are less than 3 years of driving experience and crossroad on this road.


This study aimed to find out the coverage and amplification of health risk messages of leading Philippine newspapers: Philippine Daily Inquirer, The Philippine Star, and Manila Bulletin. Data were gathered through a content analysis of health risk articles published by those newspapers in 2005. Results revealed that the health risk articles published in 2005 by the three newspapers focused on bird flu, dengue fever, food poisoning and meningococcemia. However, the three newspapers did not give prominence to health risk articles. In terms of sources of information, most of the articles quoted experts and government officials but were prompted by public experiences. Most of the articles assigned blame or responsibility to organizations rather than individuals. The lexical content analysis using the Language Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) showed that negative emotion words, words linked to people's ratings of anxiety, were present in health risk articles, indicating intensification of the health risk. For bird flu articles, most of the negative words were in the pre-peak and post-peak periods, while for dengue fever, in the peak period. For food poisoning and meningococcemia, most negative emotion words in the articles were published during the post-peak period. Correspondence: R. S. Gravoso Present Address: Department of Development Communication, College of Agriculture, Leyte State University, Visca, Baybay, Leyte 6521-A, Philippines. Tel. No. (053) 335-2625; firstname.lastname@example.com Annals of Tropical Research 29[1]:90-103(2007) © LSU, Leyte, Philippines


Building the ecological civilization,keeping the constant development of the society,there must have a premise which is the ecological and moral consciousness of the modern people.Ecological moral education should be a part of the traditional moral education.We make a proposal of running ecological moral education in school according to the research.


Field experiments were conducted during autumn and winter (April-July) at four locations on Vertisol or Alfisol soils on the Darling Downs of Queensland in 1988 and 1989 to determine 15N losses when soil was saturated after applications of 15N labelled nitrate-N prior to sowing winter cereal crops. Losses of applied 15N were quantified by either gas emission or mass balance measurements on microplots (0.043 m2) confined laterally to a depth of 110 or 260 mm. At each field location, two experiments were established, one on a soil containing little visible crop residue where winter cereal had been harvested the previous November and another site containing residues of a recently harvested sorghum crop. Because shallow (110 mm) confinement was found to be unsatisfactory for both gas emission and mass balance measurement of 15N losses, comparison of the two methods was not applicable at one of the four field locations. Loss estimates for the six field sites by accumulating daily gas emissions averaged 80.7 ± 33.4% (range 43-132%) of that estimated by mass balance. Loss estimates from peak emission measurements were generally closer to that estimated by mass balance 100.8± 39.9% (range 56-169%). Loss of applied 15N (40 kg N ha-1) when soils were saturated in April was several-fold more (19-29 kg N ha-1)) than that lost when soils were saturated in July (3.9-6.4 kg N ha-1)). Loss of 15N following saturation during July 1988 was similar in magnitude to the quantity of 15N apparently immobilized into soil organic forms (5.8-6.0 kg N ha-1)). Sorghum residues returned in March, or wheat straw added in December prior to a long period of dry weather, promoted loss of 15N applied prior to soil saturation in April or July. Alternatively, where residues of a previous winter cereal had decomposed considerably, loss of applied 15N was much lower than where sorghum residues had been added prior to saturations in April (15.3 cf. 28.6 kg N ha-1)) or July (3.9 cf. 6.4 kg N ha-1)).


Two new tetradentate ligands, namely, 3,3′-bis[((2,4,6-trimethyl-phenyl)imino)methyl]-[1,1′]-biphenyl-2,2′-diol, H2L1 (1), and 3,3′-bis[((2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imino)methyl]-[1,1′]-binaphthalenyl-2,2′-diol, H2L2 (3), based on 2,2′-biphenol and 2,2′-binaphthol frameworks have been synthesized and characterized. Correspondingly, dinuclear cobalt complexes {Co[3,3′-bis-((R)-iminomethyl)-(1,1′)-biphenyl-2,2′-dioxo]}2 (2) and {Co[3,3′-bis-((R)-iminomethyl)-(1,1′)-binaphthalenyl-2,2′-dioxo]}2 (4) (where R = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2) were synthesized via reactions of the respective ligands with tetrahydrate cobalt acetate. The complexes were then characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, IR, UV-vis, magnetic susceptibility and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The single-crystal X-ray crystallographic study indicates a distorted tetrahedral geometry for each of the metal ions in 2 and 4. The magnetic susceptibility measurements at varying temperatures (5–300 K) showed that the complexes exhibit weak antiferromagnetic (AF) interactions. Both metal complexes 2 and 4 successfully catalysed the synthesis of β-enaminones from 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and aliphatic amines under ambient conditions.


The usage of cascade scheme of efferent methods scheme in combinations with endolymphatic introduction of antibiotics for patients with parenteral narcomania with purulent-septic complications almost twicely quicker may improve phagocitic activity of blood and decrease the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in comparison with group of analogous patients treated by traditional methods.


The e.!fect of B 011 hardenabili ty was studied in AI BN low alloy st eels. It was clarified that the e.!fect of B 011 hardenability depends "/Jon the amOllll! tif soluble B which is in equilibrium in austen.ite and that the maximum hardellability call be attailled at 3 to 5 ppm soluble B. Based 017 the equilibrillln theory, the amounts of A I, Band N which maximiz ed the hardel7ability were calClllated. It was cOllcluded that the addition of 0.06 to 0.08 % A I gives rise to the maximum B hardellabilit,J' even with considerable variatiolls of Band N contellt .


The NBA's slam dunk skill and its functions in the events are analyzed for the development of Chinese basketball events. The suggestions for technology of tactics, physical training, style design, personnel training and appreciation for CBA development are put forward.


Sciences Corporation (CSC) is a global 9 billion dollar IT service provider whose core lines of business are management consulting, information strategy consulting, systems integration, and outsourcing services for both government and commercial sectors in North America, Europe, Australia, Asia, and the Middle East. Knowledge Management and Strategies for Development in a Rapidly Changing Global Environment


A population-based survey to assess the prevalence and causes of blindness was carried out in Kara region, one of the five administrative regions of Togo. The aim was to estimate prevalence and causes of blindness in rural areas where onchocerciasis is hypo- or meso-endemic. A random sample of 2,888 persons was selected according to the recommendations of the WHO Program for the Prevention of Blindness ; 2,735 were examined. The prevalence of blindness (visual acuity less than 3/60 in the better eye) was 1 % (CI 95 %, 0.5 % - 1.4 %), that of bilateral low vision (visual acuity between 6/20 and 3/60 in the better eye) was 1.8 % (CI 95 %, 1.3 % - 2.3 %) and that of unilateral blindness was 1.7 % (CI 95 %, 1.2 % - 2.2 %). In this region, where onchocerciasis is most often meso-endemic, cataract is the most important cause of blindness (35.6 %). Onchocerciasis is the second most common cause (29 %), followed by corneal opacities due to trachoma (11 %). This high percentage of trachoma-tous blindness contrasts with the low prevalence of active trachoma (3.8 %). The prevalence of blindness could be dramaticaly reduced by the implementation of a Prevention of Blindness Program focused on the provision of cataract surgery. The prevalence of onchocerciasis blindness should continue to decrease with the ongoing Onchocerciasis Control Program and the increased availability of ivermectin.


ABSTRACT We measured real-time and integrated PM2.5 inside eight occupied single-family homes in Fresno, California to evaluate how turbulent air mixing and pollutant removal caused by a filter-based air purifier influences the levels of fine particles in everyday indoor environments. In each home, we used a real-time monitor to log PM2.5 levels every 5 min over 12 weeks during which air purifiers were operating, except for a designed 3-day shutdown period for baseline measurements. We assessed how the operation of air purifiers changed the patterns of the frequency distributions for short-term (5 min) concentrations, which included spikes produced by sporadic indoor activities or emissions. This allowed us to examine the reduction effectiveness of air purifiers on concentrations of both recently emitted and well-mixed background aerosols. We observed a systematic change in the 5-min PM2.5 distributions in different homes—while air purifiers reduced 96% of the 5-min concentrations, they increased the magnitudes of the top 4%, representing transient concentration peaks. This phenomenon is consistent with what would be theoretically expected based on passive scalar turbulence in fluid physics. We also collected gravimetric filter samples for PM2.5 composition, finding mean reductions of the long-term (2–5 days) concentrations of 29%–37% for indoor PM2.5 and endotoxin. A less significant reduction (19%–26%) was seen for Pb (Lead). © 2016 American Association for Aerosol Research


Sir, b-Thalassemia is an inherited disease characterized by defects in the rate of b-globin production due to a point mutation or rare gene deletion in the b-globin gene cluster and is associated with increased levels of hemoglobin (Hb) A2 and slight increase in HbF [1]. One of the most common point mutations in the b-globin gene is known as hemoglobin E [HbE, b26 (B8) Glu?Lys, GAG>AAG] [2]. Although the HbE trait has the phenotype of a mild form of b-thalassemia, the combination of b-thalassemia and HbE leads to b-thalassemia/HbE condition, which has a remarkable variability in the phenotype, ranging from thalassemia intermedia to transfusion-dependent thalassemia major [3]. The previous study has indicated that the 158 (C?T) polymorphism of c-globin gene (Xmn1-c polymorphism) is associated with increased production of HbF, which ameliorates the disease severity in b-thalassemia/HbE patients [4]. However, correlations between the Xmn1-c polymorphism, HbF levels, and hematological parameters in b-thalassemia/HbE and homozygous HbE patients with low or high levels of HbF are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the frequency of the Xmn1-c polymorphism and its correlation with HbF and various hematological parameters in these patient groups. The EDTA blood samples were submitted to the Associated Medical Sciences Clinical Service Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, for thalassemia diagnosis. Hematological parameters were measured with an automated blood counter (Sysmex KX-21; Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan). Quantitation of HbA2 (for detection of b-thalassemia) and identification of hemoglobinopathies, including HbE, were performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, VARIANT II, b-thalassemia Short Program; Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA). Samples containing HbE >65% and HbF levels varying from 5 to 15% were further discriminated for b-thalassemia/HbE and homozygous HbE by molecular analysis systems. Genomic DNA was extracted from EDTA blood samples using the NucleoSpin kit (Macherey-Nagel, KG, Duren, Germany). The b-thalassemia codons 71/72 (+A), 41/42 ( TCTT), 17 (A>T), and IVSI-nt1 (G>T) mutations were analyzed by the multiplex amplification refractory mutation system (MARMS)-PCR according to the protocol described previously [5]. The amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR was performed to provide a rapid molecular diagnosis of HbE as previously described [6]. The Xmn1-c polymorphism analysis was performed by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) as described by Nemati et al. [7]. In general, the levels of HbA2/E and HbF in b-thalassemia/HbE disease, analyzed by HPLC, were 30–60% and ≥15%, respectively, while those in homozygous HbE were >65% and <5%, respectively [6]. Thus, based on the molecular analysis and the combination with HbF levels, the patients could be divided into 4 groups including 18 and 40 b-thalassemia/HbE patients with HbF <15% and ≥15%, respectively, and 32 and 27 homozygous HbE patients with HbF ≤5% and >5%, respectively (Table 1). The b-thalassemia/HbE patients with HbF ≥15% had significantly lower red blood cell (RBC) counts and significantly higher mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) than those with HbF levels <15%. However, the levels of Hb, hematocrit (Hct), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) between the two groups were not significantly different (Table 1). There were no significant differences in levels of assessed hematological parameters between the groups of homozygous HbE patients with HbF ≤5% and >5%. Furthermore, mean levels of HbF and HbA2/E between each group of patients were significantly different (Table 1). A significant negative correlation of HbF levels with RBC counts (r = 0.564, P < 0.001) and a significant positive correlation of those with MCV (r = 0.598, P < 0.001) and MCH (r = 0.644, P < 0.001) were observed in the group of b-thalassemia/HbE disease, while the group of homozygous HbE patients had a significant negative correlations of HbF levels with RBC counts (r = 0.387, P < 0.002) and a significant positive correlation with MCH (r = 0.288, P = 0.03).


In the last few decades, the persisting scientific interest in high temperature superconductor (HTS) cuprates has been accompanied by the search for new families of superconducting compounds (SPCs) [...]


Charles Babbage was an English mathematician who devoted most of his life to the design and construction of machines that would perform mathematical operations and produce printed mathematical tables. His first ambition was to build a mechanical calculating machine; his second ambition was to build a mechanical digital computer that could be programmed and used for the same purposes as those of modern electronic digital computers. Although Babbage showed great inventive genius in formulating how these machines were to be built, he only partly succeeded in making his ideas realities. His efforts were thwarted by lack of financial support, zeal on his part to build excessively large machines, far larger than he needed to prove the worth of his ideas, and by inadequate machine tools–he worked decades before machine shop practice could aspire to the kind of precision machinery he needed. As a pioneer in developing the underlying principles of digital computers, he is a major figure in the history of the information sciences. Babbage had many other scientific interests, and, as an indefatigable worker, he made notable contributions to most of the subjects he touched.


The present invention relates to a compound for an organic optoelectronic devices, including organic light emitting diodes of the compound and a display device including the organic light emitting diode, wherein the compound for an organic optoelectronic device is represented by a combination of Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2, to provide Since a good electrochemical stability and thermal stability and having excellent life characteristics, and even at a low driving voltage having a high emission efficiency of the organic light emitting diode.


This paper presents the design of a Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) for Electroencephalogram (EEG) applications with 10 bits of resolution, 1.2V of supply voltage and only 1.5μW of power consumption using a standard 0.5μm CMOS technology. Low-voltage and low-power operation has been achieved using Quasi-Floating-Gate (QFG) based circuits. The use of a new class-AB operational amplifier in weak inversion allows very low power consumption and high enough open loop gain. Simulation results show an energy efficiency of 0.84 pJ per quantization level, placing the converter into the state-of-the-art of low-frequency low-power ADCs.


Polyketide natural products are valuable components of the modern pharmacopea. These secondary metabolites have a diverse range of structures and activities. Studies of their biosynthesis and activity will help to provide access to better medicinal compounds. To this end, directly probing these mechanisms with derivatives of natural products is an important goal. Synthetic organic chemistry allows production of a greater variety of compounds than can be accessed by manipulation of isolated natural products. In some cases, these bioactive molecules are only obtainable in small quantities or at great expense. Herein, a modular synthesis of the Coenzyme A (10) precursors pantethine (35) and phosphopantetheine (14) is described. CoA is a cofactor that interacts with an estimated 4% of all enzymes known in nature, and it is central to the biosynthesis of polyketide antibiotics. Using d-pantolactone (50) to provide the key units, 53 and 63, pantetheine, phosphopantetheine, and derivatives were assembled through peptide couplings. Next, synthetic methods were applied toward the total synthesis of two related macrolide antibiotics, pladienolide B (70b) and FD -895 (71), in an attempt to elucidate their stereochemistries and to get a supply of each molecule for studies into the their stereochemistries and to get a supply of each molecule for studies into the molecule relies on a Stille coupling to connect the sidechain (133) to the 12-membered macrocyclic core (111), and an esterification / ring-closing metathesis sequence to furnish the ring from compounds 115 and 114. The sidechain of pladienolide B was completed and involved in model studies to demonstrate the overall retrosynthetic background. The core structure was proposed to arise from the chiral pool, but the strategy to combine the two units with the necessary stereochemistry met with failure under many different conditions. Due to complications in obtaining an authentic sample of pladienolide B (70b), and subsequent outside publication of a total synthesis incorporating many aspects of the work contained herein, FD-895 (71) was chosen as an alternative target. The same retrosynthetic breakdown was applied to FD-895


personality profiles from this group and a similar group of patients with ADHD, combined type, attending an outpatient clinic at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. These profiles showed a high prevalence of externalizing personality disorder (7; personal communication, Dr Umesh Jain, 2003). When treated with stimulants, these patients described a parallel improvement on the JDQ and resolution of ADHD symptoms.


Diversity in the workplace, o rganization, even nation, has recently become a much touted goal. Our understanding of social systems has evolved to recognize that diversity includes more than ethnic variety; but also cultural and educational variety—even personalit y. In fact, diversity in social systems includes any aspect of an individual that leads to a variety of approaches to problem solving . Yet, the scientific basis behind the role of diversity in social systems is la rgely unknown. Research at Lo s Alamos is providing support to our intuitive justifications for diversity in social systems.


Helicobacter pylori is a helix-molded gram-negative bacterium. It is a worldwide distribution. In the current study sixty serum samples from a pregnant woman with vomiting and nausea (emesis gravidarum) plus thirty pregnant without vomiting and nausea (control group) done in Kirkuk general hospital were collected to recognize IgG -H. pylori antibody by utilizing Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The obtained information includes age, gestational period and residence, during the period of August December /2015.The actual study was achieved which aimed to focused the light on association of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of emesis gravidarum. The results showed that mean age ± Standard deviation for pregnant with vomiting and nausea (32.18 ± 1.8) and for pregnant without vomiting and nausea (8.7 ± 0.79). P.value < 0.05. The outcomes appeared the propagation of Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody positive in pregnant with vomit and nausea in the first-trimester of gestation was 9(42.8%) with Pvalue = 0.001 when matched with standard group while during second trimester, the H. pylori IgG antibody positiverate in emesis gravidarum group was 30(76.9) and in control group was 2(16.6%), P. value = 0.0001. The current result also reviewed a positive significant contrast between H.pylori IgGpositive and the residence, Pvalue=0.04.


Meniscal injuries are common. The traditional treatment had been excision of the torn meniscus. Repair of the torn meniscus is a relatively new concept. The present article reviews the current concepts of the management of torn menisci with emphasis on the various techniques of the repair. The experience of the authors of repairing 27 menisci has also been presented. Of the 27 repaired menisci, 9 were lateral and 18 were medial. 7 lateral (77.77%) and 6 medial (33.33%) meniscal tears were associated with anterior cruciate injury. All the patients with repaired menisci were young with an average age of 22.4 years (range 18 to 26 years). Repair was done by using outside - in technique with 2-0 PDS suture. Mean follow up was 2.5 years (Range 1 to 4 years). There was one failure requiring partial meniscectomy. All the other patients returned to the original occupation with mean Lysholm score of 98.9.


We sought to assess whether a garlic plus homocysteine‐lowering formulation can change the rate of atherosclerosis progression as compared to placebo.


Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3@Ta2O5 microcrystals were prepared through a one-step sol–gel method at room temperature. It possesses better stability and photoluminescence properties than Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3.


Vitiligo is one of the most common dermatological disorders, showing up as at least one white macule or patches and affecting up to two percent of the population around the world. The undesirable aesthetic properties of vitiligo, particularly facial, may bring about critical negative psychosocial effects, especially a rate of depression twice that of the overall public. The exact cause of vitiligo is unknown; be that as it may, current hypotheses concentrate on the destruction of melanocytes by autoimmune mechanisms, neural mechanisms, oxidant-antioxidant mechanisms, or intrinsic defects of melanocytes. There are several treatment choices, for example, medications, phototherapy, laser therapy, and surgical therapy.


Cholera toxin B modified protocells (CTB‐protocells) are a promising, customizable approach for targeting and delivering drugs to motoneurons. Understanding the endocytic mechanism and intracellular fate of CTB‐protocells is essential for safe therapeutic application and cargo delivery efficiency, and also to elucidate characteristics of motoneuron physiology that are not well understood. To assess the energy dependent uptake of CTB‐protocells by motoneurons, intracellular protocell fluorescence was measured at 4°C and 37°C. Confocal analysis demonstrated that after 3 h at 4°C, there is a 40% reduction in CTB‐protocell uptake compared to the uptake observed at 37°C (p<0.001). Pharmacological endocytic pathway inhibitors were used to elucidate the preferential endocytotic mechanism. Results showed that amiloride (macropinocytosis inhibitor) and methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (inhibitor of cholesterol dependent endocytic processes) significantly reduced the uptake of CTB‐protocells (p<0.001), consistent with endocytosis being dependent on the integrity of lipid rafts. To track intracellular fate, immunofluorescence techniques and live confocal microscopy were used to demonstrate colocalization of CTB‐protocells with lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus at 1 h and 3 h. Colocalization of CTB‐protocells with lysosomes was less than 20%. Both, ER and Golgi colocalization increased from ~20 to ~40% in a 2‐h period (from 1 h to 3 h). To evaluate retrograde transport in motoneurons in vivo, CTB‐protocells were intrapleurally injected in rats. Evidence of protocells in phrenic nerve axons measured by protocell fluorescence intensity supported retrograde transport. In conclusion, uptake of CTB‐protocells is energy‐dependent and mediated principally by macropinocytosis. Additionally, CTB‐protocells are able to escape lysosomal degradation, and are trafficked to relevant subcellular compartments after endocytosis.


. With the development of e-commerce industry, product reviews have become an important bridge between consumers and businesses. Consumers intuitively express their opinions and comments on products or services through product reviews, making online reviews an important basis for online businesses to improve service quality. In order to improve the service quality of online mer-chants, this paper uses Python's crawler technology to crawl 1000 favorable comments, 1000 moderate comments and 1000 bad comments of JD.COM Midea Heater, and mines and analyzes online comments, and uses LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) model to process online comment data, so as to find out consumers' concerns about goods, thus providing merchants with ideas for improving services from comments.


The branch and bound principle has been established as an effective computational tool for solving linear integer programming problems. In the present dissertation the feasibility of branch and bound procedures in solving nonlinear integer programming problems is investigated. Since the implementation of the branch and bound requires solving of a number of nonlinear continuous problems, the algorithms available for solving nonlinear continuous problems and their corresponding computer codes are first investigated and an efficient code (OPT--based on generalized reduced gradient method) is selected.
The efficiency of the branch and bound technique generally depends on the various selection parameters such as selection of branching variables, and branching nodes. Among others, the concepts of 'pseudo-costs' and 'estimations' are implemented in selecting the branching variables and the branching nodes. The efficiency of the algorithm also depends on the availibility of a quick upper bound on the objective minimum. Therefore, heuristics are developed which would first locate an integer feasible solution and thus provide an upper bound on the objective.
The different rules for selecting the branching variables, nodes and heuristics form a total of 27 branch and bound strategies. A computer code capable of invoking each of these 27 strategies is developed. Since the generation of subproblems requires storing of a number of nodes, an effective computer storage scheme is developed for the Intermediate storage purpose. Each of the 27 strategies is tested on a set of 22 test problems. The numerical results are provided, and a statistical analysis is performed to evaluate and compare the overall effectiveness of these strategies. Additional experiments are also carried out to evaluate the effect due to the problem parameters such as number of integer variables and constraints.


The origins of modern schooling in early nineteenth-century Africa have been poorly researched. Moreover, histories of education in Africa have focused largely on the education of boys. Little attention has been paid to girls' schooling or to the missionary women who sought to construct a new feminine Christian identity for African girls. In the absence of personal accounts of African girls' schooling from that period, this paper draws on a slim body of 71 letters written by women and girls associated with one British mission society in Sierra Leone between 1804 and 1826 to suggest a fluid and at times contradictory construction of gender and racial identity, which sits at odds with the ideology of domestic femininity that the missionaries sought to impart through girls' schooling. The handful of letters written by African women and girls also casts doubt on the assumed subservience of black subjects to white officialdom.


Space is the fundamental concept of physics.Scientific developing enabled better understanding of spatial characteristics,but recognizing of the essence of space has always been in controversy between different opinions.Integrating and analyzing expansion of the universe,Casimir effect,the vacuum energy in "quantum field theory",and nuclear fusion of galaxies,it is concluded that space is transformed from matter and space and mater is homogeneous.Conversion relationship exists between space and matter.Matter can be converted into space,and space can be transformed into matter.Space is an objective,independent existence.Space is not a material property,but rather a special form of matter.Therefore there exists interaction between space and matter.Spatial geometry characteristic does not remain unchanged as in Newton's absolute space,and is the same as in "the general theory of relativity".In this paper,considering the photon number density of cosmic background radiation,and photon generation ratio in nuclear fusion reactions,the conversion relationship factor between space and matter is calculated.


Twenty-four Gannan yak were slaughtered according to Islamic way of slaughtering, then aged at 0~4 ℃ with wind speed of 0.5 m/s. The shear force, MFI, color, apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activity during postmortem aging were determined. The shear force value in triceps brachi(TB), musculus longissimus(ML) and semimembranosus(SM) after slaughtered of 1~5 d was significantly lower(p 0.05), and MFI significantly increased(p 0.01); L *, a *, b * values were significantly higher at the 3rd d of postmortem aging, a *, b * values decreased significantly at 5~7th d of postmortem aging(p 0.01); the cooking loss first increased and then decreased at 1~7th d of postmortem aging; the apoptosis rate in TB and SM had very significant increase in process(p 0.01), the positive nuclei number in TB and ML had difference during postmortem aging(p 0.01); it was detected caspase-3 activity in TB, ML and SM at 0.5 h postmortem, while it was reached the highest in ML at 12 h postmortem. Across correlation analysis, the yak skeletal muscle cell apoptosis and its degree of deepening were related to the changes of tenderness, meat color(L *, a *, b *) and water holding capacity, as well as the yak meat quality change.


Infrared predissociation spectra of water clusters have been measured in the frequency range 3000–3800 cm−1 using a molecular beam–color center laser apparatus. The transition from a spectrum resembling that of liquid water to that of the dimer is clearly seen. Detailed theoretical analyses using normal mode theory, local mode theory, and a quantum simulation method are used to interpret the spectrum in terms of a potential surface that includes both intramolecular and intermolecular degrees of freedom.


Simple Summary Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in females worldwide. Despite an active immunisation strategy in many countries, high-risk human papillomavirus infection and environmental factors may result in cervical cancer progression. Genetic factors contributing to host–pathogen interactions are incompletely understood and remain largely unknown, apart from the variants at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus on 6p21.3, which replicates across populations. Novel cervical cancer susceptibility loci from recent large biobank-based genome-wide association studies and meta-analyses are likely to be more robust as compared to previous candidate gene based studies. In this review, we summarize findings from recent genome-wide association studies on cervical cancer and propose variants that may be universal susceptibility loci. Abstract Cervical cancer is the fourth common cancer amongst women worldwide. Infection by high-risk human papilloma virus is necessary in most cases, but not sufficient to develop invasive cervical cancer. Despite a predicted genetic heritability in the range of other gynaecological cancers, only few genomic susceptibility loci have been identified thus far. Various case-control association studies have found corroborative evidence for several independent risk variants at the 6p21.3 locus (HLA), while many reports of associations with variants outside the HLA region remain to be validated in other cohorts. Here, we review cervical cancer susceptibility variants arising from recent genome-wide association studies and meta-analysis in large cohorts and propose 2q14 (PAX8), 17q12 (GSDMB), and 5p15.33 (CLPTM1L) as consistently replicated non-HLA cervical cancer susceptibility loci. We further discuss the available evidence for these loci, knowledge gaps, future perspectives, and the potential impact of these findings on precision medicine strategies to combat cervical cancer.


This paper endeavours to see the nature of Indonesian decentralisation and regional autonomy more on the basis of micro level perspective. While most of the previous studies have relied heavily on macro level perspective, such as—assessing how central government has initiated the idea of decentralisation and regional autonomy, investigating the extent to which power has been distributed to the regions, and exploring central government's controls over the regions—the material presented in this paper has been focussed more on exploring how local state elites themselves have seen decentralisation and regional autonomy. Based on a series of primary data collected in four research locations (the province of West Java, West Sumatra, West Kalimantan, and East Nusa Tenggara/NTT), the author has subsequently ended up with a proposition which says that: the puzzle of contemporary Indonesia's regional autonomy policy must be understood on the basis of so called local state elites ambivalence orientation towards decentralisation and regional autonomy policies. The research findings suggested that local state elites had officially manipulated that of ambivalence orientation as the stated justification for their misconduct behaviour in implementing decentralisation and regional autonomy policies. Eventually, the author argues, amongst the distinctive contribution of this paper to the academic development is that it share the work of those who have endeavoured to conceptualise the characteristics of decentralisation and regional autonomy in an epoch the so called "transition towards democracy".


Cyclin‐dependent kinase 9 (CDK‐9) controls the activation of primary inflammatory response genes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether CDK‐9 inhibition protects cartilage from the catabolic effects of proinflammatory cytokines.


This paper presents a practical method for creating power system equivalents that can be used in power system stability analysis. The proposed method uses three branches to connect the boundary bus, generator, and load. The method is suitable to consider reactance from the boundary bus to the load for power system stability studies using a dynamic load model. Furthermore, this paper presents a practical procedure to determine the parameters of the aggregated generator, including control devices such as excitation systems, PSS (power system stabilizer), and speed governors. The quality of the various aggregation models is verified using power system stability simulations.


Future networks will comprise a large number of inter-connected heterogeneous devices that will receive ubiquitous multimedia services over integrated but diverse wireless network technologies. In this context, optimization of multimedia broadcast transmissions based on network resources and user-end constraints (price sensitivity, device display, and limited battery) is essential to ensure high QoE. This article discusses underlying challenges, and suggests hybrid system architecture and potential cross-layer adaptive unified solutions for energy-efficient and QoE-aware digital television broadcast services in future heterogeneous network environments. Experimental and architecture-level simulation studies of the cross-layer adaptive strategies demonstrate an increase in user equipment energy saving, QoE, and number of multimedia broadcast/multicast users being served.


THE INVENTION RELATES TO THE ANALYSIS Enzyme. IT RELATES TO A METHOD FOR DETERMINING CONSTITUENT IN A SAMPLE WHICH CONTAINS MATERIAL MIXED embarrassing FOR DETERMINING, ON WHICH TO SUBMIT TRANSFORMING THE SUBSTANCE TO BE DETERMINED IN ORDER TO FORM A SECOND DRUG, SECOND DRUG ON THE OXIDE USING MATCH AND oXIDASE ON MEASURE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OR PRODUCED PEROXIDE. INVENTION, ON IMPROVED IN THE PROCESS phosphorizing FIRST THE SECOND DRUG SHOWS MIXED INITIALLY IN THE SAMPLE USING IMMOBILIZED KINASE AND APPROPRIATE 4 ATP. APPLICATION PARTICULARLY IN THE FIELDS OF CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS AND FOOD PRODUCTS.


This paper describes the declaration and inference based type system in an object-oriented logic framework, where logic objects are viewed as typed abstractions with state, constraints, behaviors and non-monotonic inheritance. Types are built by ordered constructors with subtyping relationships. As base types, the classes can be applied to complex type construction. Objects are classified according to their method signatures, and subtyping is independent of inheritance.


The high rank of Igor Stravinsky?s works (especially for ballet) prompts a
 discussion about the meaning of corporeality and dance in his output, a
 meaning that goes beyond Stravinsky?s historically-documented interest in
 ballet music. Thus, the encounter with Diaghilev and Nijinsky could be
 justified as immanently emanating from his own musical aesthetics and
 poetics. If dance seems for the composer to form an additional, immanent
 level of the music, the question of the aesthetic sense of reference to the
 body in Stravinsky?s music remains unan?swered. By attaining a ?mediated
 immediacy? (Helmuth Plessner) in his works, his ballet music manages to
 maintain a certain distance - objectifying, alienating - from subjective
 expression, without becoming abstract, and at the same time without losing
 the subjective and intersubjective bonds in which it is immersed. Through
 dance, Stravinsky not only strengthens the aspect of mediation in his music,
 but in a reflective not primitive practice, he also looks for the origins of
 aesthetic expression.


This paper utilizes the standard setting approach to research the corresponding scales between "Business Chinese Test" (BCT) and "Common European Framework of Reference" (CEFR). The findings show that BCT and CEFR exhibit a certain level of correspondence, and BCT covers a standard sequence from level A2 to C1 in CEFR; the sub-sequence of this level in BCT is reasonable, reflecting the characteristics of BCT as a evaluation test; finally, hierarchical relationship between BCT and CEFR is summarized.


The traditional dehydration processing of dates is rated as unhygienic and the product quality remains poor. Keeping in view the need for improved dehydration techniques, present study has been designed for producing quality dates with enhanced shelf life. The oven drying and solar dehydration technologies have been used in the study to convert rutab stage dates into table dates and compared with those processed through traditional sun drying method. The processed dates were subjected to physicochemical analysis and microbiological studies during six months shelf life storage. The oven drying ripening procedure resulted in dates with improved physico- chemical and sensory characters. The microbial load of these dates also remained within acceptable limits.


This paper discusses the reasons for the formation of the inter provinical power market and analyzes the three problems:cost,border of market and invisible market;it makes four suggestions for promoting the growth of Chian's inter provincial power market.


Adhesive sheet which has at least one activatable adhesive by heat, based on a mixture of at least one nitrile rubber S1 and at least one rubber, nitrilebutadiene S2, provided with groups carboxy termini, amino epoxy or, with a molecular weight of Mw <20,000 g / mol (relative to the measurement procedure "molecular weight determination" described in the description), and at least one reactive resin which is selected from the group comprising to phenolic resins, resins fenolresol in combination with other phenolic resins, terpene resins, melamine resins and novolak resins.


Abstract : The report describes the status of a program to modify the M530A1 Fuze for use with SMAWT warheads. Principal modifications consist of providing a second environmental sensor to satisfy requirements of MIL-STD-1316A, and providing crush switch initiation (rather than piezoelectric initiation) to improve reliability on impact with nonconventional armor. This work has been extremely successful; thirty-five modified M530A1 fuzes have been tested for arming and for impact function in the MICOM rocket delivery system, with all units functioning properly.


We give a general account of family algebras over a finitely presented linear operad, this operad together with its presentation naturally defining an algebraic structure on the set of parameters.


A rapid and accur RGZ) in bulk and ecovery study wa 1:1 ratio with both µg/mL for RPG an he developed and pharmaceutical do


The influence of different Ca concentrations on the physiological characteristics of peach fruit(cv.Zhonghuashoutao) was studied during cold storage.The results showed that after 35-day cold storage,the peach exhibited obvious chilling injury symptoms and lost softening capacity.The treatment of CaCl2 had no effect on fruit hardness but influenced the relative membrane penetration.3% CaCl2 treatment inhibited the ethylene release and the respiratory intensity during cold storage.


There are two main arguments, one political and one economic, that can be used to explain the rise of Somali piracy. The first is that Somalia's political vacuum following the 1991 collapse of the government created an enabling environment for illicit activities. The second is that entrepreneurial Somali pirates have created a business model that successfully exploits the incentives driving international maritime trade. The reason the Somali piracy boom did not materialize until 2005 is that local Somalis did not realize the potential of piracy and were not desperate enough until economic conditions deteriorated sufficiently as a result of of illegal trawling and toxic dumping by foreign ships and damage caused by the Indian Ocean Tsunami. The last few years' decline in the number of attacks by Somali pirates is primarily due to the coordinated efforts of navies that police the Gulf of Aden. While these efforts have increased the risk of being caught, and hence the costs of engaging in piracy, they do not address the root causes of piracy in Somalia. Until effective political authority and improved economic opportunities permanently alter the cost-benefit calculations of Somali pirates, the underlying incentives driving Somali piracy will remain unchanged, necessitating extensive and indefinite naval operations.


Toward an Understanding of Democratisation, Liberalisation and Human Rights Human Rights Conditions and Democratisation - Realities and Constraints Human Rights Conditions and Democratisation - Global Changes and Opportunities Algeria - the End of the Beginning of Democratisation Pakistan - the Democracy Conundrum Peru - the "Autogolpe" in Perspective El Salvador - New Experiments with Democracy Democratisation, Liberalisation and Human Rights in Comparative Perspective.


Since National Science and Technology Major Project on large aircraft have been established in 2006, aviation authorities, civil aviation departments and related aviation enterprises attach more importance to aviation law. However, few great improvements have been made in aviation law education. This article holds that to solve existence problems of aviation law education in our country, it needs the concerted efforts of both education and theory study. Education sector should raise awareness and increase investments of talents cultivation and funds support, while legal profession needs in-depth study of various legal issues under the background of new civil aircraft industry.


Aerosol light absorption plays an important role in the earth's atmosphere direct and semi-direct radiate forcing, simultaneously, it also has a huge influence on the visibility impairment and laser engineering application. Although various methods have been developed for measuring aerosol light absorption, huge challenge still remains in precision, accuracy and temporal resolution. The main reason is that, as a part of aerosol light extinction, aerosol light absorption always generates synchronously with aerosol light scattering, and unfortunately aerosol light scattering is much stronger in most cases. Here, a novel photo-thermal interferometry is proposed only for aerosol absorption measurement without disturbance from aerosol scattering. The photo-thermal interferometry consists of a sinusoidal phase-modulating single mode fiber-optic interferometer. The thermal dissipation, caused by aerosol energy from photo-thermal conversion when irritated by pump laser through interferometer, is detected. This approach is completely insensitive to aerosol scattering, and the single mode fiber-optic interferometer is compact, low-cost and insensitive to the polarization shading. The theory of this technique is illustrated, followed by the basic structure of the sinusoidal phase-modulating fiber-optic interferometer and demodulation algorithms. Qualitative and quantitative analysis results show that the new photo-thermal interference is a potential approach for aerosol absorption detection and environmental pollution detection.


The development of facile strategies and techniques to fabricate nanofiltration (NF) membranes with ideal molecular sieving ability has received growing attention in both academia and industry. Chi...


This study aims to analyze and assess (1) the effect of wages on employee work motivation, (2) the effect of work motivation on employee performance, and (3) the effect of wages on employees performance in manufacturing enterprises in Makassar Industrial Area.
The populations in this study are all operational employees (executive level) of 20 manufacturing industry in the Makassar Industrial Area. The sample of 300 workers who were taken by random sampling. Model analysis of the data in this study use SEM (Structural Equation Modeling).
The results of this study indicate that wages and work motivation affect performance signifikanterhadap workers in manufacturing in the Makassar Industrial Area. The results indicate that the higher the wage received by workers, then the motivation of workers tends to increase, and the higher the perceived motivation of workers, then the performance of workers tends to increase; later received the higher wage workers, then the worker s performance showed significant improvement.


New York - David J. Goldberg, M.D., J.D., said patients are demanding the newest in facial rejuvenation - procedures that are cosmetically elegant (meaning no obvious wounds) and done during a lunch hour, without the patients missing a beat.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose alternate dispute resolution (ADR) as a possible tool to prevent corruption.Design/methodology/approach – After the literature reviews on theory of corruption, the Pacific Consultants International (PCI) case of the Japanese prosecution is examined as a case study of Vietnam, based on some empirical research.Findings – The PCI executives were indicted and sentenced guilty on all counts and the Japanese Government has frozen Yen‐loan until the Vietnamese Government prosecutes the Vietnamese official.Research limitations/implications – This would be a tip of the iceberg. It would be difficult to find all the details of corruption at practice.Practical implications – For enhancing transparency in such informal practice, if it is inevitable, a special dispute processing panel should be established as a Japanese and Vietnamese joint venture as ADR.Originality/value – This is the first major case in which the Japanese Government, which was internationally critic...


Chemical ionization mass spectrometry using ammonia and ammonia d/SUB/3 as reagent gases is used to differentiate nitrogen-containing compounds, including amine-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and azaarenes, as well as compounds containing two nitrogen atoms. This technique is used to characterize two alkaline fractions of a coal-derived liquid by combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.


The analysis of steam generator tube rupture(SGTR) accident for AP1000 nuclear power plant is performed with the system code RELAP.It is demonstrated that under the SGTR accident,AP1000 nuclear power plant is able to stop the break flow prior to overfill of the ruptured steam generator relying on its passive safety systems.Effects of different analysis assumptions,such as availability of offsite power and the failure of the steam generator relief valve in the accident results,are analyzed.It is concluded from the calculation results that AP1000 nuclear power plant can prevent steam generator overfill with significant margin even under the most conservative assumptions.


The stability evaluation of highway near a goaf is a key problem in highway construction projects. The goal of this research is to analyze the surface deformation of the highway No.108 in Baoshui area. Both Probability Integral Method (PIM) and Finite Difference Method (FDM) are used and compared to deal with this problem. The main aspects of this research consist of surface subsidence calculation and prediction of surface residual deformation. The results calculated by probability integral method and finite difference method are mainly in agreement,and they are in accord with surface deformation observation results of some sections. So these two kinds of method are proven to be effective in dealing this problem. Moreover, the surface residual deformation was predicted by using numerical simulation based on FLAC3D. To ensure the highway No.108 security, backfill grouting should be carried out in the areas where collapse pits and ground fissure are found near the highway.


Osteoimmunolgy describes the interactions between blood immune cells and human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hMMSCs) as a basis of successful wound and fracture healing. The aim was to investigate in vitro interaction of adipose-derived hMMSCs and human blood mononuclear cells (hBMNCs) modulated by calcium phosphate (CaP) coating in 3D culture. Titanium plates (10 × 10 × 1 mm3) with micro-arc bilateral multilevel CaP coatings were used. Cell-IQ phase-contrast microscopy and the real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) showed the CaP coating and hBMNCs synergistic negative effects on hMMSC motility that could be conditioned by enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stromal cells. Indeed, a 10-fold increase in the bone mineralization around the CaP-coated samples was detected in the mixed (hBMNCs + hMMSCs) 3D culture. Thus, cellular and molecular crosstalk between hBMNCs and hMMSCs modulated by multilevel micro-arc CaP coating with bone-like topography is an effective 3D model to study in vitro the novel pathways of osteoimmunology.


Isophorone diisocyanate is industrially prepared using phosgene with a high selectivity, but phosgene has a strong toxicity and a strict control is needed when handling this compound. Nonphosgenation methods, especially reaction between IPDA and DMC, are clean production processes with mild reacton condition as well as satisfactory conversion and selectivity. Results of the economic comparison indicate that the product value using nonphosgenation process is about 5.45% more expensive than with the conventional method. Nonphosgenation methods are benign to environment and so they are promising in the future.


The authors present the concept and design of a parallel resonant converter for induction heating applications. The generators have a power range up to 200 kW. The inverter bridge, implemented with MOSFET transistors, can work to frequencies up to 200 kHz. The inverter is controlled by an automatic tracking circuit that makes certain that the resonant and inverter frequency are almost the same at every moment. The power delivered to the load is regulated by a feedback loop which controls the firing angle of the rectifier thyristors. After a description of the operative principle of the converter, the inverter control and design are outlined.<<ETX>>


Threshold voltage (V<inf>TH</inf>) variability of 10G (10 billion) transistors is measured using a special device-matrix-array test-element-group (DMA TEG) exclusively for ultra-fast V<inf>TH</inf> measurements. It is found that V<inf>TH</inf> variability in nFETs almost follows the normal distribution up to ±6σ, while pFETs have a clear "tail" in low V<inf>TH</inf> region. The origin of the non-normal distribution is analyzed by measuring transistors fabricated in two different fabs and by 3D device simulation.


− We have investigated Y zeolite and activated carbon for an adsorptive desulfurization of diesel. In batch experiments, cation (Cu, Ni) exchanged Y zeolites showed high equilibrium adsorption capacity for sulfur compounds in model diesel, which contained BT, DBT and 4,6-DMDBT of each 50 ppmw in n-octane. But the cation exchanged Y zeolites lost its capacity in commercial diesel (186 ppmw). On the other hand, activated carbon showed reasonable adsorption capacity for sulfur compounds in both model and commercial diesel. The adsorption capacity of sulfur on NiY zeolite was decreased with the increase of benzene concentration in model diesel but the sorption capacity on activated carbon was insensitive to aromatic concentration. In breakthrough test, activated carbon of 1 g could treat 15 ml of commercial diesel with 186 ppmw sulfur. Toluene showed good solvent for regenerating activated carbon among several solvents.


Companies still struggle with finding justifiable reasons to
implement strategically important information systems and they
are reported to resort to trust, faith or instinct when dealing
with intangible benefits. Enterprise Information Portal is a
technology that can bring both tangible and intangible
benefits. This study focuses on an insufficient theoretical
knowledge about justification of a specific type of Enterprise
Information Portal - Human Resources Portal (HR portal). The
goal of this investigation is to explore why do companies
implement HR portals, how are they justifying HR portals, and
how are they incorporating intangible benefits into the
justification process. For the purpose of this study,
semi-structured expert interviews were conducted. The sample
consists from two respondents employed at HR portal vendor and
from two respondents from different companies that are using
the vendor's HR portal. Namely, it is HR portal consultant, HR
portal branch director, and HR portal administrator and HR
portal key user. The results show that although the initial
decision about using HR portal seems to have a tangible
economic rationale, the consequent development of further
portal features is not usually justified according to tangible
benefits. The reason for this could be the "penetration effect"
of easily justifiable initially implemented features. This
effect is grounded in previous positive experience with the
initial justification and user satisfaction with the portal.
Therefore, the "penetration effect" makes it easier for
decision makers to trust or have faith that the intangible
benefits will be beneficial and they do not seek for more
detailed information. The main outcome of this study is
creating of conceptual justification model that will be further
refined in proposed subsequent research. This study is one of
the few attempts to enhance the body of knowledge of
justification of Enterprise Information Portals.


The solution behavior in water of some alkyl diglyceryl ethers with different structures (DGE-OMe, IDGE-OMe and IDGE-OH) was investigated through the determination of their binary phase diagrams. Though each alkyl diglyceryl ether formed a lamellar liquid crystalline phase even at low concentrations, their solution behavior was different. In low concentration range, DGE-OMe gave a two-phase region composed of a liquid crystalline phase and a water phase, whereas IDGE-OMe, which is an isomer of DGE-OMe, formed a homogeneous liquid crystalline phase. IDGE-OH with one more hydroxyl group than IDGE-OMe exhibited a solution behavior similar to that of IDGE-OMe. Fluorescent probe study and thermal analysis on these liquid crystalline phases showed that the planar structure of lamellar liquid crystal of DGE-OMe changed to somewhat a disordered one with increase in water content, while that of IDGE-OMe remained unchanged. The residual area per molecule of DGE-OMe obtained from the surface tension-concentration curve was larger than that of IDGE-OMe. These facts indicated that this type of surfactants was so less hydrophilic that readily aggregated to form a liquid crystalline phase, and therefore the property of liquid crystal and solution behavior was strongly affected by slight differences in the molecular shape rather than the number of hydroxyl groups.


Let D ⊆ E be an extension of integral domains with characteristic zero, I be a nonzero proper ideal of D, and let H(D,E) and H(D, I) (resp., h(D,E) and h(D, I)) be composite Hurwitz series rings (resp., composite Hurwitz polynomial rings). In this article, we show that H(D,E) is an Archimedean ring if and only if h(D,E) is an Archimedean ring, if and only if ⋂ n≥1 d nE = (0) for each nonzero nonunit d in D. We also prove that H(D, I) is an Archimedean ring if and only if h(D, I) is an Archimedean ring, if and only if D is an Archimedean ring.


This report discusses possible approaches to the specification of MultiModal Interactive Systems. Two notations which are representative of different but convergent areas are considered and their complementary use in the design and analysis of Interactive Systems is proposed. The remarks we make are raised by a case study consisting in the specification of a system for interacting with a flight data base by voice and graphical devices.


The interaction of a plasma jet with an axisymmetric magnetic field, is calculated in linear approximation for a periodic and for a convergent or divergent field configuration. The solution depends on the MACH number, the magnetic pressure number, and the magnetic REYNOLDS number. In the convergent field, the plasma is decelerated. If the flow is supersonic, this is connected with a contraction of the jet leading beyond equilibrium and therefore being followed by an expansion. In the subsonic case, the stopping is accompanied by a broadening of the jet. With increasing magnetic REYNOLDS number, "wakes" appear which extend upstream or downstream, depending on the values of the magnetic pressure number and the MACH number.


In an arbitrary curved space-time the Hodge-de Rham equations with Lorentzian gauge are studied. Using the spinor calculus and propositions on the curvature tensors, especially on Hall's canonical forms of Ricci tensors, some properties of the tail terms with respect to second order differential operators are proved. Finally, all Huygens' operators are explicitly determined.


Dams are structures designed to hold large volumes of water from transverse buses to the river flow. They are usually made of concrete elements, reinforced or not, and constant contact with water can be extremely harmful to concrete, especially if it has in its composition elements that can accelerate the degradation process, whether chemical or physical. Thus, this paper aims to identify the main pathological manifestations that affect the concrete structures of dams and their relationship with the stored water quality, based on an extensive review of the available literature. Cracks caused by alkaline aggregate reaction and reinforcement corrosion, as well as leaching, abrasion and cavitation are the most recurrent pathologies in concrete dam structures, with water quality exercising an important role in this processes development.


Bio metric surveillance has become indispensable for every system in the recent years. The contribution of bio metric authentication, identification, and screening purposes are widely used in various domains for preventing unauthorized access. A large amount of data needs to be updated, segregated and safeguarded from malicious software and misuse. Bio metrics is the intrinsic characteristics of each individual. Recently fingerprints, iris, passwords, unique keys, and cards are commonly used for authentication purposes. These methods have various issues related to security and confidentiality. These systems are not yet automated to provide the safety and security. The gait recognition system is the alternative for overcoming the drawbacks of the recent bio metric based authentication systems. Gait recognition is newer as it hasn't been implemented in the real-world scenario so far. This is an un-intrusive system that requires no knowledge or co-operation of the subject. Gait is a unique behavioral characteristic of every human being which is hard to imitate. The walking style of an individual teamed with the orientation of joints in the skeletal structure and inclinations between them imparts the unique characteristic. A person can alter one's own external appearance but not skeletal structure. These are real-time, automatic systems that can even process low-resolution images and video frames. In this paper, we have proposed a gait recognition system and compared the performance with conventional bio metric identification systems.Bio metric surveillance has become indispensable for every system in the recent years. The contribution of bio metric authentication, identification, and screening purposes are widely used in various domains for preventing unauthorized access. A large amount of data needs to be updated, segregated and safeguarded from malicious software and misuse. Bio metrics is the intrinsic characteristics of each individual. Recently fingerprints, iris, passwords, unique keys, and cards are commonly used for authentication purposes. These methods have various issues related to security and confidentiality. These systems are not yet automated to provide the safety and security. The gait recognition system is the alternative for overcoming the drawbacks of the recent bio metric based authentication systems. Gait recognition is newer as it hasn't been implemented in the real-world scenario so far. This is an un-intrusive system that requires no knowledge or co-operation of the subject. Gait is a unique behavioral charact...


Laryngodus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850, is redescribed, including, for the first time, nymphal morphology. Three species are recognised based on qualitative morphology, a principle components analysis of morphometric data, and the study of sequence data from the mitochondrial genes COI and 16S. They are: L. australiae Herrich-Schaeffer from the south-western coastal area of Western Australia, L. cervantes, sp. nov., from southern Western Australia, and L. luteomaculatus, sp. nov., from western Victoria and adjacent South Australia. Sexual dimorphism in all species and variation in males of L. luteomaculatus, sp. nov. is documented and discussed. All species and their hosts are illustrated with colour digital images; scanning electron micrographs are used to illustrate male prosternal spines, antennnae, abdominal trichobothria, and other structures. Male genitalic morphology is illustrated with line drawings. Authoritative host identifications indicate that Laryngodus is restricted to feeding on several species of Allocasuarina (Casuarinaceae); nymphs and adults are known to live on the plants and to be strongly associated with the cone-like fruits. The tribal placement of Laryngodus is discussed.


Aim. To study the correlation of arterial pressure variability on brachial artery and central arterial pressure variability with condition of target organs among menopausal women. Material and methods. This research included 93 women of menopause age — 37 premenopausal women and 56 women at early postmenopause. The age was 49,1 (48,0; 51,0) and 53,9 (50,0; 56,0), resp. Of those 69 (74,2%) had arterial hypertension. No one received continuous antihypertension therapy. 24-hour blood pressure mon itoring with variability estimating of systolic and diastolic pressure and evaluation of arterial stiffnes was taken by oscillometric method. Daily index of arterial stiffness, ambulatory index of arterial stiffness, augmentation index and indicators of central aortal pressure were estimated. Echocardiogram was used for left ventricular remodeling estimation. Pulse wave velocity was measured by ultrasonic method. Vascular regulation of endoltelium of brachial artery was estimated by the test of reactive hyperemia. As a sign of large elastic arteries remodeling the intima-media thickness was used. All women with arterial hypertension divided into 2 groups depending on variability of arterial pressure — 16 women with high levels of systolic and dyastolic arterial pressure were in first group and 53 women with normal indicators of variability were in second group. Control group consisted of 24 women that had no arterial hypertension with normal indicators of arterial pressure variability. Results. Disordered arterial pressure was prevalent among women in early postmenopause. Raise of variability of arterial pressure was correlated with morphofunctional changes of the heart, structure-functional vascular changes, increase of arterial stiffeness, disturbances of endoltelial vascular regulation and subclinical kidneys damage. Conclusion. Central arterial pressure variability has no additional advantages in comparison with estimated variability of brachial artery pressure. Increased variability of arterial pressure among menopausal women can be considered as additional factor of target organ damage in early stages of climacteric.


The anthropic interference in aquatic ecosystems favors the disordered colonization of T. domingensis, damaging the production of hydroelectric power and river traffic. Because of this, studies report the efficacy of fungal mycoherbicides, with control rates reaching as high as 90%. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of C. typhae as a mycoherbicide in bio control of T. domingensis, at in vitro and greenhouse conditions. 107 samples of symptomatic T. domingensis leaves were collected in flooded areas of rivers in Brazil, with identification and isolation of the collected fungal species. The concentration of inoculum was determined to evaluate the incidence and severity of the disease, the influence of temperature on mycelial growth and conidia germination, the effect of temperature and leaf wetness period on T. domingensis infection by C. typhae and the host range test in vitro. The growth of the colonies of C. typhae was higher at 25 to 30 oC. There was no interference of the photoperiod on germination of the spores, but the highest percentage of germination was occurred at 20 oC. The influence of environmental conditions on infection of inoculated leaves of T. dominguensis revealed that at 15 oC and the period of leaf wetness of 48 hours the highest incidence of the disease was observed, as well as the severity for the same period of leaf wetness. The specificity test showed that C. typhae is specifically pathogenic to T. domingensis. This the first report of the occurrence of this pathogen in aquatic macrophytes of this species and in T. domingensis, a potential mycoherbicide for the control of this aquatic weed.


At that time, Luxembourg was the sole European country where modern competition law, as such, did not exist. The former Act on Restrictive Business Practices had to be modernized...The Luxembourg competition law was adopted on May 17, 2004.


1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA 2Clinical Learning, Evidence and Research (CLEAR) Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA 3Harborview Injury Preventions and Research Center (HIPRC), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA 4Center for SensoryMotor Interaction, University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark


Huddleston Hall • 73 Main Street • Durham, NH 03824 (603) 862-2821 • carsey.unh.edu TTY Users: dial 7-1-1 or 1-800-735-2964 (Relay N.H.) The COVID-19 pandemic continues to upend the lives of U.S. families with children. The abrupt closure of schools and childcare centers at the start of the pandemic was widespread, but childcare challenges for working families are hardly new. Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen recently described childcare as a "broken market,"1 partly in recognition that the pandemic has further constricted already-limited childcare supply and further disincentivized its already-underpaid workforce. Just as the pre-existing problems in the childcare system were not equally shared, with women, low-income people, and people of color bearing the greatest burdens, childcare's ongoing challenges are not evenly distributed either.2 Using data from the late summer through the fall of 2021, this brief documents recent racial and income disparities in reports of inadequate access to childcare and identifies the employment-related consequences of these shortages. This is the first in a series of research briefs that will focus on disparities in childcare access during the COVID-19 pandemic.3


In this paper we examine the use of crowdsourcing as a means to master Linked Data quality problems that are difficult to solve automatically. We base our approach on the analysis of the most common errors encountered in Linked Data sources, and a classification of these errors according to the extent to which they are likely to be amenable to crowdsourcing. We then propose and compare different crowdsourcing approaches to identify these Linked Data quality issues, employing the DBpedia dataset as our use case: (i) a contest targeting the Linked Data expert community, and (ii) paid microtasks published on Amazon Mechanical Turk. We secondly focus on adapting the Find-Fix-Verify crowdsourcing pattern to exploit the strengths of experts and lay workers. By testing two distinct Find-Verify workflows (lay users only and experts verified by lay users) we reveal how to best combine different crowds' complementary aptitudes in quality issue detection. The results show that a combination of the two styles of crowdsourcing is likely to achieve more efficient results than each of them used in isolation, and that human computation is a promising and affordable way to enhance the quality of Linked Data.


The problem of a ribbed membrane or plate submerged in a fluid with mean flow is studied. We first derive a method which can be used to reduce this, and similar problems to a band matrix inversion. We then find the pass and stop band structure found in the case of static fluid persists when a mean flow is introduced, and we give an explanation in terms of the eigenvalues of the transfer matrix of the system. We then study disordered structures and observe the phenomenon of Anderson localization. In some parameter régimes the addition of disorder causes significant delocalization.


The indigenization debate in Tanzania provides an excellent example of how one country has dealt with citizenship in a changing political, economic, and cultural environment.' In the 1990s, economic and political liberalization reopened the citizenship debate as societal groups in Tanzania redefined their relationships to the national community. Along with economic liberalization, the international donor community and the Tanzanian government have promoted a liberal conception of citizenship. In this approach, the political rights associated with citizenship-constitutional government, rule of law, and freedom of speech, religion, and associationare intimately linked to economic rights that allow individuals to control productive resources.2 Both political and economic rights act as checks on government power. In Tanzania, however, the national community has not been conceptualized solely by a liberal notion of citizenship (a common national identity, individual rights, equality under the law, and equal extension of economic rights to all citizens). Rather, the debate over citizenship has also been shaped by the country's rich historical and cultural diversity. Tanzania has more than 120 ethnic groups and a long history of trade and interaction with Arabia, the Indian subcontinent, Europe, and other parts of Africa. Historically, the country's regions have experienced a diverse array of governments, which included Swahili city-states, an Omani sultanate based in Zanzibar, a European colonial administration, and an independence-era socialist government. Each political regime had its own notions of political and economic community. For example, after Europe occupied Tanganyika


We gave a quantitative estimate of errors introduced by measuring wire at registration of plane electrical field depending on thickness of the wire, its conductivity, conductivity of surrounding environment and frequency of oscillation electromagnetic field. There are two approaches offered to study this problem: analytical decision research and integral equations method.


A multicultural and global society makes intercultural communication an indispensable part of communication. As an affective dimension of intercultural communicative competence, intercultural sensitivity has drawn the attention of scholars throughout the past years. However, there is still a misperception about intercultural sensitivity with other cognitive, affective and behavioral domains of intercultural communication such as intercultural awareness, intercultural adroitness and intercultural communicative competence. Important scholars in the field define intercultural sensitive persons as those who are conscious in their interactions and accept interlocutors' ideas without judgment of their personal complexity. In this angle, English language teachers' sensitivity towards other cultures has significant meaning to make language learners better foreign language learners and speakers. Thus, the current study aims to investigate English Language Teacher candidates' intercultural sensitivity level. In this study, ISS (intercultural sensitivity scale, Chen and Starosta, 2000) is used to measure the results of the 61 student teachers who participated in the study. Participants' intercultural sensitivity levels are analyzed in SPSS due to interaction engagement, respect for cultural differences, interaction confidence, enjoyment and attentiveness. The results show that English language teacher candidates enjoy interacting with people from other cultures and they are sensitive towards cultural differences and complexities. Keywords: Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Sensitivity, Culture, English Language Teachers.


TWO years ago when we decided that enough was enough, and we didn't want to be a weekend husband and wife anymore, we moved from Kuala Lumpur to the tiny, sleepy town of Changlun, Kubang Pasu, Kedah.When I tried to slot in Changlun as the town where we lived, my Facebook account failed to indicate that it was located in Malaysia.


We have entered a period of exploration of new approaches between industry and the universities. There are opportunities for the evolution of stronger bonds between industrial and university researchers. Although many of the examples I will give are not specific to physics, these new opportunities clearly include research in many areas of physics.


Powder loading is an important parameter because of its role in part shrinkage, dimensional stability, and final density. Thus, this research investigated the properties of the molded magnesium feedstocks in determining the best powder loading for producing magnesium part through metal injection molding process. In this research, the feedstocks with three magnesium alloy AZ31 powder loading of (63, 65, 67) vol%, was prepared comprising the binder component of paraffin wax, high density polyethylene, waste plastic, and stearic acid (PW/HDPE/WP/SA) with weight fraction 55/21/14/10, respectively. After injection molding, the density, diamensional accuracy, and strength of the green part was investigated. The findings reveal that 65 vol% of powder loading resulting to the best green properties.


Every funding system creates "incentives." However, in real policy applications, the motivating quality of a funding change is not inherent to the funding structure. Rather, contextual factors highly determine how organizations and individuals interpret, feel motivated by, and act in response to funding arrangements. Important contextual factors include relationships between and within affected organizations, social role expectations, regulations, and structures such as information and institutions. This paper surveys the findings of seven case studies that explored how stakeholders interpreted and responded to various funding reforms. Funding structures can be interpreted to alter relationships, to herald good or bad fortune, to carry, hide, or drop policy mandates, or to create enabling or disabling structures. We conclude that the incentives created by funding arrangements may be necessary to support health care reforms, but are unlikely ever to be sufficient to carry reforms through in the absence of similar-spirited regulations, information, and institutional arrangements.


We investigate microstructure of colloidal aggregates using fractal concept and its relations with macroscopic properties of colloidal suspension consisting of carbon nano-particles and ethylene glycol. The microstructure is characterized by fractal dimension [1-3] and the macroscopic properties such as sedimentation velocity and shear viscosity are measured. Scaling approach is used to determine relation between the macroscopic properties and the fractal dimension. We employ two kinds of macroscopic properties which are average sedimentation velocity and viscosity behavior such as yield stress and intrinsic viscosity obtained from viscosity as a function of particle concentration. First, scaling relation between sedimentation velocity and fractal dimension [4,5] is developed. Sedimentation velocity data are obtained for volumetric particle concentrations of 0.01-0.05. The fractal dimension is estimated to be around 2.2 from the sedimentation velocity. Secondly, we use intrinsic viscosity and yield stress, respectively, to determine the fractal dimension [6-9]. The fractal dimension from intrinsic viscosity is in excellent agreement with that from yields stress. However it is found that the fractal dimension obtained from viscosity behavior is lower than that from sedimentation velocity. This discrepancy can be attributed to cluster restructuring during relatively long-time sedimentation process.


The demands for delivering highway services keep growing worldwide. However, funding from government and public agencies alone cannot cover the capital needed to operate and maintain existing highway systems, much less to construct new ones. Public–private partnerships (PPPs) are an innovative funding mechanism for highway agencies to use private capital and expertise in transportation infrastructure projects so as to increase funding options to bridge the budget gap. Even though parties involved in PPPs take different roles and responsibilities, there are still risks taken or shared by the public and private sectors. In particular, assessing risks associated with the potential returns of investments is of great importance to the private and public sectors. This paper presents a methodological framework for assessing the investment risks of PPP toll highway projects, which may help decision makers. The financial viability associated with the components of a project is considered and analyzed, and the Monte Carlo simulation technique is applied to evaluate the overall project risks. Finally, a numerical case study is conducted to demonstrate the application of the proposed method. The risk analysis provides statistical distribution of investment returns for the project under analysis, which will supply decision makers with direct information to estimate the project's overall financial risks and develop corresponding risk control measures. The risk simulation results are interpreted so that quantitative information can be provided to agencies to establish investment decision criteria.


Currently those algorithms to mine the alarm association rules are just able to obtain the association rules among the frequently occurring alarm events,limiting to the minimal support.To address this problem,a new algorithm based on the statistical correlation is proposed to discover the association rules from both high-frequency and low-frequency alarm events with the high correlativity and the high confidence.And an incremental algorithm is proposed to discover new rules in an updated database.Experimental results have demonstrated that the algorithms are efficient and accurate.


Background. Clinicopathologic features, treatment, and results are reported for 95 tendosynovial sarcomas identified from a prospective sarcoma data base established at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) in 1982.


Chronic diarrhea in animals is a condition that can involve inflammation of the intestinal tract and is treated with dietary intervention, antimicrobial medication and immunosuppressive therapy. The goal of this study was to identify pathways that are perturbed in dogs with chronic diarrhea using proteomics to determine the appropriate intervention. In this study, 10 healthy and 7 dogs with naturally occurring chronic diarrhea (CD) were fed a complete and balanced adult dog food for 6 weeks. At the end of 4 weeks, plasma samples were collected and analyzed using 2D gel electrophoresis and LC/MS/MS. Prior to the analysis, the plasma samples were treated using the Ciphergen Equalizer ™ beads service to equalize the protein populations. Eight proteins were differentially expressed between healthy and CD dogs (p <0.05). Six proteins were down‐regulated and two proteins were up‐regulated in CD dogs by approximate 1.5‐7 fold. The majority of the proteins are involved in the glucocorticoid response pathways, while others are in the coagulation cascade and lipoprotein metabolism pathways. These results support the current literature on human and rodent gastrointestinal inflammation that described downregulation of the glucocorticoid response suggesting that alleviating inflammation is a target for the chronic diarrhea condition.


Concentrations of Zn,Fe,Mn,Cu,Ti and Al in 64 samples of three plants including Alternanthera philoxeroides,Rumex acetosa L and Ranunculus sceleratus L along Qinhuai River from section of Xiaohang Station to Hanzhong Gate were evaluated.Results showed that 7 sites were contaminated by different heavy metals,especially Zn,Fe,Ti and Al,with concentrations in Alternanthera philoxeroides as 254,994,70 and 1,065mg/kg on average respectively,which were much higher than in ordinary plants.Metal concentrations which were the most highest in Site Xiaohang were the most severely polluted by heavy metals because it was near pollution source.Abilities of the 3 plants to accumulate heavy metals had differences among those sites.Alternanthera philoxeroides which has high accumulation potential of heavy metals might be used for suitable pollution monitoring and phytoremediation on heavy metal contaminated rivers.


Neural networks have received considerable attention in sentence similarity measuring systems due to their efficiency in dealing with semantic composition. However, existing neural network methods are not sufficiently effective in capturing the most significant semantic information buried in an input. To address this problem, a novel weighted-pooling attention layer is proposed to retain the most remarkable attention vector. It has already been established that long short-term memory and a convolution neural network have a strong ability to accumulate enriched patterns of whole sentence semantic representation. First, a sentence representation is generated by employing a siamese structure based on bidirectional long short-term memory and a convolutional neural network. Subsequently, a weighted-pooling attention layer is applied to obtain an attention vector. Finally, the attention vector pair information is leveraged to calculate the score of sentence similarity. An amalgamation of both, bidirectional long short-term memory and a convolutional neural network has resulted in a model that enhances information extracting and learning capacity. Investigations show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-theart approaches to datasets for two tasks, namely semantic relatedness and Microsoft research paraphrase identification. The new model improves the learning capability and also boosts the similarity accuracy as well. key words: sentence similarity, sentence embedding, deep learning, long short-term memory, convolutional neural network


Massive stars, i.e. those stars with masses more than about 10 times that of the Sun, are important agents for the chemical and dynamical evolution of galaxies. Because of the steep mass-luminosity relation, massive stars are extremely luminous objects. Therefore, increasingly massive stars approach their so-called Eddington luminosity, i.e., the maximum luminosity they can radiate at. It is usually believed that when the Eddington limit is reached, strong outflows are initiated. We present state-of-the-art stellar evolutionary models of massive stars and the detailed analyses of their interior structures. After investigating model grids with five different initial chemical compositions, we find that stars reach the Eddington limit in their envelope already at masses of ∼ 30 Solar masses and above. Furthermore, instead of showing any violent behaviour upon reaching the Eddington limit, the models develop inflated envelopes, which are extended low-density regions beneath the surface. This phenomenon is mediated by the opacity and convective energy transport in the models. Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs) like S Doradus which show strong variability on a timescale of decades have been previously suggested to be connected to the Eddington limit, although little was known about their evolutionary stage or interior structure. We find that the hot edge of the S Doradus variability strip coincides with a line beyond which our models show strong envelope inflation, indicating a possible connection between the two. Furthermore, the inflated envelope mass in our coolest models reaches several Solar masses. They provide the first physical model which could explain the large mass ejected by LBVs during the so-called Giant Eruptions, like the one observed for η Carinae in the 19th century. To further explore the observational consequences of envelope inflation, we follow the evolution of massive hydrogen-free models through the post main-sequence phase and predict that when these inflated stars explode as supernovae, it will lead to extended rise times of the shock breakout signal. Our model closely matches the properties of SN 2008D, the only observation of a shock breakout from a supernova so far. We conclude that envelope inflation affects the evolution of massive stars from the zero-age main-sequence up to the point of explosion, and may invoke observational instabilities in the envelope that might manifest themselves as pulsations and atmospheric macroturbulence.