The Patagonian steppe is a cultural landscape which is constantly being recreated by man. In this case study, peridomestic forestation of tree species was analysed in a small community, including the richness of plants used and the reasons behind their choice. In the Mapuche population of Pilkiniyeu del Limay (Rio Negro) free and semi-structured interviews were carried out with 28 interviewees. The data was analysed using both uni- and multivariate methods. Results indicate that nine exotic species are used. These forested areas, used for meetings and recreation, provide useful living space and are of great social importance. The principal motivation behind this forestation is the need for materials for building fences (96%), to provide shelter from the elements (86%), firewood (43%), and cattle fodder (11%). The MSD revealed a shared value system with respect to the forestation. The traditional ecological knowledge that people use in the selection and use of firewood species does not seem to have an influence on choices made when planting trees around their homes. This could indicate that forestation is a general practice deeply rooted and influenced by the oblique transmission carried out by external agriculture agents who visit and offer help to this community.


(1980). Various Regressive Processes and their Prognostic Value in Inpatient Group Psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy: Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 95-105.


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of endoscopic treatment for colorectal hemorrhage.Methods The clinical data of 104 patients with colorectal hemorrhage who were admitted to the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from June 2008 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The conditions of the lesions of hemorrhage were identified directly under the endoscope.The enteric cavity was completely irrigated by 0.1% norepinephrine saline to remove the blood clots around the lesions for providing a better vision.The main hemostatic methods included hemostatic drugs,metallic hemostatic clip,argon plasma coagulation,sclerosing agent injection,and various techniques combination.Patients were followed up for 1-6 months after the treatment.Results Eighty-four patients were diagnosed as with colorectal hemorrhage after endoscopy,16 patients were with colorectal hemorrhage after surgery,and 4 patients were with colorectal hemorrhage caused by primary colorectal diseases.Hemostasia was successfully completed in 97 patients.Seven patients had colorectal hemorrhage recurrence within 24 hours,and hemostasia was successfully completed in 6 patients,1 patient was converted to open surgery.The total successful rate of endoscopic hemostasis was 99.04% (103/104).The mean time of follow-up was 4.2 months,and no colorectal hemorrhage recurrence was observed during the follow-up Conclusion Endoscopic hemostasis is safe and effective for the treatment of colorectal hemorrhage.

Key words:
Colonic diseases ;  Rectal diseases ;  Hemorrhage ;  Endoscopy


This article presents a novel bandpass‐response power divider with high frequency selectivity. The centrally stub‐loaded resonators are applied to this power divider in order to provide bandpass‐filtering frequency response. In addition, the presented power divider has three transmission zeros, which can be used to improve the frequency selectivity. The measured results demonstrate the good performance of the fabricated bandpass‐response power divider with high selectivity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:1560–1562, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27644


ABSTRACT Background Due to language and cultural barriers, people with aphasia from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds are at risk of disadvantage in their access to comprehensive care. They are at higher risk of poorer inpatient outcomes in addition to challenges in receiving appropriate aphasia assessment and intervention. Objectives This study aims to examine the extent and nature of what is known about the inpatient phase of aphasia rehabilitation for CALD stroke survivors and identify potential research gaps in the literature for investigation. Methods A scoping review with systematic search was conducted in September 2020 following the PRISMA Scoping Review checklist. Five electronic databases were searched using a combination of terms pertaining to "aphasia," "inpatient care" and "CALD." Key variables were extracted from studies that met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Results Eighteen studies were yielded. Data regarding the inpatient phase of care indicate that CALD people with aphasia do not always receive comprehensive assessment or intervention in all their languages that may impact their discharge destination and access to community services. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) report numerous barriers to service provision for this population. No studies investigated the degree and nature of differences in outcomes between CALD and non-CALD stroke survivors with aphasia. Conclusions CALD stroke survivors with aphasia inconsistently access SLP services in hospital. Assessment is unlikely to be conducted in patient primary languages and therapy is usually provided in the language of SLPs. Further research is required to determine whether this impacts functional outcomes and health services.


Taking sealed boxes as the research object, the author analyzes the main source of its moisture content. Based on the permeability mechanism of the sealed boxes and the moisture mechanism of the items inside the boxes, the paper establishes the mathematical model of the relative humidity inside changing over time, applying MATLAB to make a simulation analysis of the mathematical model. The simulation results show that the relative humidity inside the sealed boxes generally varies with the change of the humidity outside; the moisture gradient inside and outside determines the rate of humidity change inside the boxes; as time changes, humidity inside gradually approaches humidity outside. Placing an appropriate amount of desiccating agents in the boxes can effectively reduce the humidity; but in some cases, the desiccating agents slow down not only the increase in the amount of water vapor but also the reduction in the amount of water vapor.


Aberrant regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity is characteristic of Glioblastoma (GBM). However, RTK-based targeted therapies have been largely unsuccessful in GBM patients, partially due to the complexity and redundance of RTK signaling. LRIG1 (Leucine-rich Repeats and ImmunoGlobulin-like domains 1) is an important endogenous inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) during health and disease, however its mechanism of action is poorly understood. We previously showed that the soluble form of LRIG1 potently inhibits GBM growth in vivo, irrespective of EGFR expression level and status, suggesting the involvement of other RTKs. Here, we aimed to shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-cancer activity.

 We generated a recombinant human soluble LRIG1 protein (rh-sLRIG1) by expressing LRIG1 ectodomain in insect cells via baculovirus infection and subsequent His-tag purification. rh-sLRIG1 was used to treat patient-derived GBM stem-like cells, classical GBM cell lines and patient-derived 3D tumor organoids. Using different cell-based assays, cell proliferation, invasion, cell morphology, as well as protein expression and protein-protein interactions were investigated.

 We find that recombinant sLRIG1 efficiently reduced proliferation, invasion and viability of GBM cells and patient-derived organoids, and modulated cytoskeleton proteins and cell shape. In line with previous data, the effect of recombinant sLRIG1 was independent of EGFR expression. Interestingly sLRIG1 impacted multiple RTKs including AXL, by direct protein downregulation, while EGFR expression was not affected. At the molecular level, we find that sLRIG1 interfereed with AXL dimerization, while no protein interaction with EGFR was detected.

 We identify AXL as a novel LRIG1 target and provide evidence that sLRIG1-mediated RTK downregulation requires direct protein-protein interaction. These data pave the way for a potential therapeutic application of recombinant sLRIG1 in the inhibition of growth factor signaling in GBM.


Among a number of monetary policy measures taken by the Bank of Japan, an important restrictive measure has been its direct control over the volume of lendings by a group of financial institutions centering around city banks. This is what is known as the "window guidance" [madoguchi shido] or lending window operations. (1) Defects of this kind of direct control have been pointed out by many critics, but even today the majority view seems to be that the window guidance is highly effective as a restrictive monetary policy. (2)


Sand is one of the most important non-living resource/mineral formations on the earth's surface. The sand formation is recorded only in the recent ages of the earth's history. Sand has become a very important mineral resource in our society due to its applications in various fields. Sands of river streams have no substitute for use as building material in reinforced concrete cement. It can be used for making concrete, filling roads, building sites, brick-making, glass industries, sandpapers, reclamations to replace eroded coastline etc. Efforts have been made to evaluate IRS-1D, PAN+LISS-III of False Color Composite (FCC) through Visual Image Interpretation Techniques (VIIT) using GIS software's. The whole study area is drained by Cauvery and Kabini river basins that carry sand from different locations and deposits largely at meandering. Especially, Talakadu area has massive deposits of sands on the windward side of river. It covers sand dunes in the river bank by the fault running through the river Cauvery. Rapid urbanization is the major cause for sand demand and is responsible for unsustainable extraction of sand from dried river paths. Currently sand extraction is permitted up to three feet, but it is being dug up even up to 25-30 ft which later fails the possessing irrigation wells. Production of adulterated sand is a mixture of sand from estuary and coastal land that are gradually increased due to high cost of sand. It is a growing imbalance as prevailing uncontrolled sand mining and its adulteration continues to cause significant environmental damage and socio-economic problems. A complex interaction between economic, demographic, social and political encouragement are required to avoid the adverse effects of sand mining on riverbed environments. The final results highlight the impacts of environment and its management in Cauvery and Kabini river basins of Mysore District, Karnataka, which is a suitable model in similar geological conditions.


Tauseef Gulrez1,2* 1Virtual and Interactive Simulations of Reality Laboratory, Department of Computing, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia 2Smart Medical Devices Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar *Corresponding author: Tauseef Gulrez, Virtual and Interactive Simulations of Reality Laboratory, Macquarie University, Australia Tel: 042-111-001-007; E-mail: email@example.com


This paper presents an optical network with distributed PCE in China, which integrates a PCE network into control and management planes of GMPLS-based ASON.


In recent years,the SCI standard is poputarty used in China to evaluate the research level of basic subjects. The number of SCI papers is regarded as an important index in the evaluation of basic theory research for a unit or a person. At the same time,some units give high hortation to SCI paper in the awards of ST achievements. But it is necessary to have a correct recognition in SCI paper. In fact,the SCI papers do not have same level,and are not all in high level. On this recognition,it suggests a way to correctly use the SCI standard in the evaluation of research achievements of basic theory,and analyzes the negative effects of misusing SCI standard to China's basic theory research.


Like the one used in industrial applications, the motor drive system for electric vehicle (EV) is composed of a three phase inverter, a motor controller, a motor and a sensor system. The difference is that the motor drive system for EV is packaged with much higher power density and its operation status changes frequently. A direct consequence is the key components such as insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), capacitor of the inverter, as well as the insulation system and bearings of the motor endure harsh thermal stress. It is these components which dominantly affect the system life[1]. This paper proposes a new method to establish the lifetime model of motor drive system1. The power losses of each key component under operation are calculated by using the inverter and motor loss model. The lifetime of the system is estimated based on the key components thermal stress. As an example, the lifetime of a 160 kW induction motor drive system is estimated.


Richard Hooker's theology of Law is rooted in a twofold argument: the systematic appropriation of the neoplatonic structure of argument and an appeal to protestant conceptions of Nature and Grace. This paper offers a close reading of Hooker's Of the Lawes of Ecclesiasticall Politie in an attempt to understand the articulation between Natural and Eternal Laws.


The Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) has certain characteristics by which it can make unique contributions to psychological research, namely, an exposed embryological development suitable for developmental studies, and a characteristic marsupial brain suitable for "split-brain" studies of relationships between the two cerebral hemispheres and comparative learning. Disadvantages to using opossums, such as their low resistance to parasites and disease, viciousness, and nocturnal habits, have largely been overcome as the result of recent interdisciplinary efforts.


Based on weather data from meteorological station of Huangfuchuan watershed in Middle Yellow River, the paper analyzed climate changes during 1961-2000. The results indicated that Huangfuchuan watershed had a typical continental climate and its rainfall has concentrated from June to September annually, which occupied in 76.7% of annual precipitation, and the four month had become the flood season in years at study area. Both annual rainfall and rainfall in flood season varied greatly from year to year, having an apparent declining tendency for decades. In recent 40 years, annual mean temperature had increased 0.4℃, and the annual mean wind speed had weakened. Humidity Index of Huangfuchuan watershed had trended to reducing while the warmth index had increased obviously. The tendency of climate changes in Huangfuchuan watershed were arid and warm in recent 40 years.


This paper deals with the theoretical investigation on a reduced sized Frequency Selective Surface (FSS). The FSS is designed by cutting a unique shaped slot into square patch. It has been shown, how the variation of the dimension of the slot and periodicity results in shifting of resonant frequency . Compared to conventional square patch FSS the designed FSS can provide reduction in resonant frequency resulting in size reduction up to 91.32% with the bandwidth of 39.54% corresponding to resonant frequency of 3.54GHz. Theoretical investigations have been done by Ansoft Designer® software. KeywordsFrequency Selective Surface, Multi frequency, Size Reduction, slot.


A 3-D model was developed for simulating multistage turbomachinery flows using supercomputers. This average passage flow model described the time averaged flow field within a typical passage of a bladed wheel within a multistage configuration. To date, a number of inviscid simulations were executed to assess the resolution capabilities of the model. Recently, the viscous terms associated with the average passage model were incorporated into the inviscid computer code along with an algebraic turbulence model. A simulation of a stage-and-one-half, low speed turbine was executed. The results of this simulation, including a comparison with experimental data, is discussed.


Much attention has been focused recently on the issue of valuing guaranteed minimum death benefits embedded in annuity contracts. These benefits resemble a sequence of put options and their value should obey a differential equation similar to the Black-Scholes equation for simple put options. This paper derives a number of analytic solutions to this equation for a number of simple mortality laws.


The local newspaper reported a head-on vehicle crash that went virtually unnoticed. Robert W., the driver of an automobile, suddenly swerved into the path of an oncoming semitrailer rig. The automobile was demolished and Robert W. was pronounced dead at the scene. The truck driver received facial injuries and two broken ribs. Why did the accident happen? Did Robert W. suddenly become ill and lose control? Was there any icy patch on the pavement? Both were possibilities. However, only family and close friends had another theory for the accident: Robert W. had terminal cancer and had been depressed. He may have committed suicide.


This study addresses the problem of 3D shape retrieval. While this problem is interesting and emerging as the size of 3D object databases grows rapidly, the main two issues the community has to focus on are: computational efficiency of 3D object retrieval and the quality of retrieval results. In this study we deal with the two considerations, especially the first one namely computational efficiency, by proposing a new technique to retrieve efficiently the 3D-objects in the classified databases which contains 3D objects of different categories. This technique can be coupled with any 3D retrieval method. In this study, we use the Clock Matching Bag-of-Features 3D retrieval method proposed by Lian et al. (2010) since it gives the best result comparing with several methods in particular the view based methods. Instead of systematically matching the object-query with all 3D objects of the target database, our approach restricts the pattern matching on a subset of "good candidates" (the most similar to the query). For a database classified in several classes the retrieval will be oriented to the right class that contains similar objects to the query. In this case, the matching process will be not systematically performed with all objects among the database, but only with objects of right class. Our key idea is to represent each class by one representative that will be used to orient the retrieval process to the right class. Experimental results illustrate the efficiency of our approach.


Warranty domains contain hundreds of policies. It is obvious fact that policies are based upon certain criteria but it is not always obvious that these criteria are context sensitive. Further, complication is added by dynamic nature of these contexts making it a dynamism within a dynamism. This paper presents a solution in the form of a design pattern called dynamic applicability-policy. The pattern has been in practice to resolve applicabilities and subsequently policies within an applicability for over dozen of sub-modules of a world-class warranty product.


The development advancement viewed from IPM development that
reflected advancement in education, health and economic fields. In Indonesia
social protection efforts for the poor with Jamkesmas existence from central level
to regional level had been implemented. The efforts aimed to improve a health
level as whole Indonesian development objectives, however there were still many
poor people who were difficult to access a health service through a Jamkesmas
due to Maluku Province, especially Central Maluku Regency its geographical
location affected Jamkesmas accessibility and service quality.
This research used a descriptive qualitative approach with a semistructured
interview technique to obtain information from the poor Jamkesmas
participants and also stakeholders on Jamksemas program health service. The
evaluation was conducted by an observation and monitoring towards program
enforcement based on Jamksemas program service user perception.
The result of this research showed that Jamksesmas program health
service generally had been implemented as what had been determined in the
program design. This indicated that public health security programs envisioned
by the government had played roles well. However, there was still obstacles i.e.
the distance of health service, lack of health facilities and health officers, health
officers unfriendly services and also they did not obtain socialization related to
the Jamkesmas program that affected satisfaction level of Jamkesmas health
service users and also obstacles of Jamkesmas Card distribution unsuitability due
to the poor data inaccuracy.


Objective To evaluate fluid distribution in patients on maintenance hemodialysis by whole-body bioimpedance spectroscopy and to evaluate the effect of adjusting dry body weight(DBW)on blood pressure control and complications in hemodialysis patients. Methods One hundred and nineteen stable hemodialysis patients were enrolled. Post-dialysis extracellular water(ECW)were measured by whole-body multi-frequency bioimpedance spectroscopy (Bodystat,UK) and standardized using body weight(ECW%). Eighty-two cases of sex,age and body weight matched normal individuals were selected as controls. DBW was adjusted according to the ECW%,and the effect of adjusting DBW on blood pressure control and complications was evaluated. Results Systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced after decreasing DBW in the group with high ECW% [from (165±15)mmHg to (142±10)mmHg in males,P 0.01; from (160±7)mmHg to (138±6)mmHg in females,P 0.01)],whereas dialysis-related complications didn't increase. DBW was increased in five symptomatic normotensive patients with low ECW%. The ECW% and blood pressure remained unchanged,while intradialytic symptoms improved. Conclusions Bio-impedance spectrum analysis is helpful for estimation of volume status and blood pressure control in hemodialysis patients.


Abstract : The fact that most authors of management texts have chosen to approach the subject on an individual basis has led to the need for a review and compilation of management principles. One compilation of principles was accomplished in 1970. A representative sample of general management texts published since the earlier compilation was accomplished in 1970 is reviewed and a summary list of current management principles is compiled. The current list of principles is compared to the list compiled in 1970. Newly stated principles are identified and subclassified into categories to identify trends in the development of management knowledge during the 1970s. In addition, in an effort to identify more recent management trends as well as to verify trends identified through the analysis of newly stated principles, the latest editions of a number of popular texts are compared to the earlier editions used in the 1970 study. Identified trends are then analyzed and discussed. In general it was found that, in the 1970s, there has been increased attention to the concepts of systems management, contingency management, and some of the more recent behavioral concepts such as job enrichment, expectancy theory, and behavior modification. (Author)


Natural Fibers composites are considered to have po tential use as reinforcing material in polymer matr ix composites because of their good strength, stiffnes s, low cost, environmental friendly and biodegradab le. In present study, mechanical properties for natural fi ber composites were evaluated. Here, areca fiber is used as new natural fiber reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix. The extracted areca fibers from areca hu sk were chemically treated to get better interfacial b onding between fiber and matrix. Composite were prepared with randomly orientated fibers with diffe rent proportions of fibers and matrix ratio. Mechan ical tests i.e. impact and hardness tests were performed and the results are reported. The results showed t hat, as the fiber volume fraction and composite post curing time increases the mechanical properties of the composite increases.


The potable water obtained from surface water sources usually entails the use of a coagulation–flocculation stage to remove turbidity in the form of colloidal suspensions. The coagulation performance of acidified sludge has been studied by jar test. The jar tests have been conducted using water sample collected from river Yamuna at Wazirabad, New Delhi. The acidified sludge coagulation attained comparatively high turbidity removal efficiency, and the treated water having less than 5NTU turbidity could be obtained with initial turbidities from 25 to 70 NTU. The results of turbidity removal from acidified sludge showed significant reduction (50 to 98% at variable conditions) when compared with Al2(SO4)3. The acidified sludge as a coagulant aid has been found to be more effective than that of alum and it significantly reduces the sludge production.


Glasses having the composition, [(70-x) mol% B 2 O 3 - x mol% Bi 2 O 3 - 10 mol% BaO- 20 mol% Na 2 O, where 0≤ x ≤20], have been prepared by the melt quenching method. Density, molar volume, infrared analysis, optical parameters and Electrical properties have been thoroughly investigated. It was found that, both density and molar volume increased with the gradual replacement of B 2 O 3 by Bi 2 O 3 and the comparison between their experimental and empirical values confirm the amorphous nature and the random structure of all samples. The obtained infrared results indicated that different structural borate groups appeared such as BO4 units (in di-, tri- and penta-borate groups) and BO 3 units (in meta- and ortho-borate chains). Also, both BiO 3 and BiO 6 are present in all Bi doped glasses, and the BiO 3 / BiO 6 ratio appeared to be approximately stable as Bi 2 O 3 was increased to 15 mol%, then it showed a jump increase when BiO 3 reached 20 mol%. The optical band gap energy and cut-off wavelength increased with the increase of Bi 2 O 3 while Urbach energy decreased. On the other hand, the electrical conductivity decreased as Bi 2 O 3 was gradually replaced by B 2 O 3 , while the activation energy increased and all samples exhibit semi-conductors behavior and the values of the exponent factor decreased gradually with temperature, which is compatible with the correlated barrier hopping conduction mechanism.


– Fifteen complaints are lodged against the so-called "new kinship studies" inspired by David Schneider. The main argument of these studies, that they get at indigenous appreciations, as contrasted with pre-Schneiderian analyses, supposedly entrapped in a Eurocentric model, is shown to be without merit. On the contrary, these latter analyses, far from assuming a procreative base for kinship worldwide, regularly discovered it in the field. Schneiderian kinship studies are shown to be grossly deficient from a scholarly standpoint, and to aspire to hegemony in the academy. [kinship, history of anthropology, the culture of academia, scholarly responsibility, "radical" feminism] Warren Shapiro, Emeritus Professor of Anthropology at Rutgers University. – He has carried out fieldwork among the Aboriginal people of northeast and central Arnhem Land, Australia. – He has been writing on kinship and other subjects for over four decades. Among his publications are "Social Organization in Aboriginal Australia" (Canberra 1979) and "Denying Biology. Essays on Gender and Pseudo-Procreation" (co-edited with Uli Linke, Lanham 1996), and dozens of other articles. See also References Cited. [A]ll systems of social relationships recognized by anthropologists cross-culturally as kin relationships are rooted in parturition (Goodenough 2001: 217). [I]n many primitive tribes the terms used for the immediate members of the family are either distinguished from the same terms in the extended sense by the addition of some particle, or terms corresponding to "own" are used ... Family is family, whatever the system of relationship ... (Goldenweiser 1937: 301). Although the studies which suggest that kinship in many cultures is defined not only by genealogy but also by a code of conduct, particularly conduct expressing sharing of food, land and services, may seem to challenge the anthropological conceptualisation of kinship as a system of ties established through procreation, they are, in fact, parasitic upon it (Holy 1996: 167). [T]he idea of Western bio-essentialized folk concepts of kinship being endlessly ethnocentrically project onto non-Western cultures by ethnographers and kinship theorists is itself a kind of anthropological myth (Wilson 2016: 573). Creativity is predicated on a system of rules and forms, in part determined by intrinsic human capacities. Without such constraints, we have arbitrary and random behavior, not creative acts. ... [I]t would be an error to think of human freedom solely in terms of absence and constraint (Chomsky 1975: 133). The self-styled "new kinship studies" are expressly indebted to David Schneider's writings – particularly his study of American kinship (1968), his Morgan Centennial essay (1972), and most of all his "Critique" (1984) of previous kinship scholarship. Although particular analyses do not all share the deficiencies enumerated below, this common indebtedness, it seems to be, is sufficient to regard these studies as constituting a "school of thought." This appellation is quite deliberate: I shall argue that this "scholastic" character has a stark Medieval quality, specifically, that it ignores (or is ignorant of) an enormous quantity of pertinent evidence; that it also ignores elementary logical and semantic operations; that it denigrates its scholarly opponents as "Eurocentric," at the same time claiming, utterly erroneously; that it presents "the natives' point of view" (Geertz 1983: 55); that it substitutes for empirically and logically sound analysis a Manichean model Fifteen Complaints against the New Kinship Studies


Synthetic, spectral and superoxide dismutase activities of the imidazolate-bridged binuclear copper(II)-zinc(II) complexes viz. [(L)Cu-Im-Zn(tren)]+ 1; [(L1)Cu-Im-Zn(tren)]+ 2; [(L2)Cu-Im-Zn(tren)]+ 3, derived from ( E)-2-(5-bromo2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)acetic acid (H2L); (S,E)-2-(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)propanoic acid (H2L 1); (R)2-(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-3-methylbutanoic acid (H2L 2); tren = tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, Im = imidazolate ion, have been achieved. Magnetic moment values of hetero-binuclear complexes indicate that the imidazolate group can mediate antiferromagnetic interactions (S = 1/2) state. X-band EPR spectra of the complexes at different pH values in frozen solution showed that the metal complexes was stable in the pH range 6.50–11.00. Schiff base ligands (H2LH2L 2) were synthesized by the condensation of equimolar (1 : 1) ratio of 5-bromosalicylaldehyde with glycine, alanine and valine, respectively, dissolved in ethanol. Biological (superoxide dismutase, antibacterial and antifungal) of these complexes have also been measured and compared with reported complexes.


We study the shapes of all Newton–Okounkov bodies ∆v(D) of a given big divisor D on a surface S with respect to all rank 2 valuations v of K(S). We obtain upper bounds for, and in many cases we determine exactly, the possible numbers of vertices of the bodies ∆v(D). The upper bounds are expressed in terms of Picard numbers and they are birationally invariant, as they do not depend on the model S̃ where the valuation v becomes a flag valuation. We also conjecture that the set of all Newton–Okounkov bodies of a single ample divisor D determines the Picard number of S, and prove that this is the case for Picard number 1, by an explicit characterization of surfaces of Picard number 1 in terms of Newton–Okounkov bodies.


To the fractal profiles synthesized by discrete Fourier transform,the relationship between fractal parameters(fractal dimension D,scale factor C) and traditional parameters,the influence of fractal parameters on the geometric shape of profiles,and the influence of fractal parameters on filtering are studied respectively.It is found that if the power spectrum of a profile is assumed to fit the power law strictly,a quantitative relationship between fractal parameters and root mean square deviation can be established by Parseval theorem,but the rest of traditional parameters are still random and not linear related.Fractal dimension D influences the energy ratio between high frequency components and low frequency components of a profile.D increasing,the high frequency components of a profile are increased,which makes the geometric shape of a profile appear rougher.With the same fractal dimension,if the scale factor is larger,the root mean square deviation is larger.When a fractal profile is filtered to be smooth,more energy can be preserved in a profile with smaller D.


The operation of a heat pipe with both thermal radiation and convection heat rejection has been experimentally examined. The thermal radiation heat rejection conditions are similar to those which would be experienced in a space environment. The experimental results show good agreement with the analytical model.


In recent years, Nigeria's image has always been negatively depicted in the global media, as the country's name is associated with some of the world's most sophisticated cybercriminals. The situation with the country's perceived dented reputation, most especially in the Southeast Asia, Western Europe and the United States of America, is ripe for the anti-cybercrime discourse to take root, and subsequently, become a fertile ground for various parties to contribute to the grand discourse from different perspectives. This article highlights the way Nigerian government, through its revenues generating agency, the Federal Inland Revenue Services (FIRS), utilizes a print media warning advertisement (WA) to discursively construct and showcase its efforts in combating cybercrimes. The study utilizes Fairclough's three-layered model for approaching discourse to analyse the FIRS-sponsored WA, which was published in The Guardian newspaper on 2 May 2013. The study incorporates analytical tools from the visual grammar (VG) and the multimodal discourse analysis (MDA) to examine the visual dimensions constituting the frame of the WA. The study revealed how the Nigerian government, through the FIRS sponsored WA, has attempted to discursively draw the attention of the general public to the potential dangers associated with the cybercriminals and their activities as well as suggesting the best ways to escape falling into their traps. The study recommends that governments and other civil societies should explore other means of creating more awareness to the general public, given the speed at which cyber-related crimes upsurge globally at the present time.


Complexes have been formed by mixing urea or thiourea with high molecular weight yoly(ethylene oxide) on a hot roll mill and by precipitation of the complex from benzene solution. The most dramatic method of complex formation, however, is observed when finely divided urea or thiourea is suspended in a benzene solution of poly(ethylene oxide). The complex forms quantitatively, abstracting all the polymer from solution. The rate of complex formation from solid urea or thiourea and poly(ethylene oxide) in solution has been observed, the thiourea complex forming more rapidly than that of urea. This process of formation can be followed by microscopic examination of the suspended urea particles. The crystalline complex appears to form in a ratio of 2 moles of urea or thiourea to 1 mole of oxyethylene monomer unit. The urea complex melts at 143°C. in comparison with the melting point of urea, 132°C., and of poly(ethylene oxide), 65°C. The complex with either urea or thiourea shows distinct x-ray diffraction patterns, and the presence of complex in a poly(ethylene oxide) matrix can be detected both by x-ray diffraction and by stiffness–temperature measurements. Both complexes are water-soluble.


Nuclear energy in Ukraine is provided by the operation of four operating nuclear power plants (15 reactors). For the next decades it is planned only to increase the capacity of this according to the "Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035" industry. Nuclear power plants are objects of increased danger. So, conditions should be provided to maintain environmental balance in Ukraine, innovative developments for radioactive waste management should be implemented, methods of wastewater treatment must be developed/improved, prevention and elimination of natural and emergency emergencies should be provided. It is important to create variety of scientific, technical and innovative developments to solve these problems. Their development is carried out by institutions and organizations, including the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The study analyzes and summarizes activities of the State Institution "The Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine" on innovative developments to improve nuclear, radiation and technogenic environmental safety. The developments of the Institute are defined, described and systematized. The performed research was aimed to solve problems of sustainable development of nuclear energy, environmental problems of nuclear fuel cycle, handling of radioactive materials at all stages of their life cycle.


To separate and purify the water soluble Hawthorn flavones and to establish the optimum technological parameters of purification.The content of flavones was determined by colorimetry and antioxidant activity was also studied.The results showed the HD-100type of macroreticular resid had the better comprehensive property,the flavones purity was 56.9% in sample and antioxidant activity was better than TBHQ for sunflower oil.


When we sent Alan Berryman a first draft of this essay for review, he sent us back an unpublished manuscript that discussed similar questions and possible solutions (Berryman 1999, 2002). Consequently, we decided to submit these two essays together in the hope of stimulating ecologists to think about how they define and use the population concept. The population concept is central to ecology and evolution. The definition of a population represents a fundamental problem for understanding ecological dynamics, and it has wide implications for applied issues such as management and conservation. Further, the population concept merges evolution and ecology, because interactions between nonspecific individuals, as well as between species (enemies, mutualists, etc.) and the environment are reflected in survival and reproduction rates. These rates determine population dynamics and thus represent the basic elements of natural selection and microevolutionary forces (Futuyma 1986). Therefore, populations are faced with evolutionary and ecological forces, both operating through demographic processes (Caswell 1989, Futuyma 1986). Consequently, the way ecologists define populations may change drastically the theoretical framework used to understand nature, leading to divergent views on the dynamics of ecological systems, such as the non-equilibrium versus equilibrium paradigms (Berryman 1987). A review of current ecological textbooks reveals that the population concept is usually defined very broadly or from the observer's perspective (Berryman 1981, Dodson et al. 1998), where the ultimate criterion refers not to biological variables but rather to undefined or dimensionless spatial aspects such as "area", "place", or so. Despite its plasticity to account for different research objectives this type of definition may not be useful to represent natural populations, and to develop theoretical and empirical tools for understanding these biological entities. In particular, a common problem with the population concept is how to distinguish the area and spatial structure of a population (Yablokov 1986), which is in close relation with the problem of what is an appropriate scale for studying natural populations. The difficulty in defining a population has been augmented due to the widespread use of the "metapopulation" term (Hanski 1997, Hanski and Gilpin 1999, but see Hastings and Harrison 1994 for criticisms). As also noted by Berryman (see companion paper), in most metapopulation studies there is no clear definition of a "local population" or "metapopulation" because the concept of "population" is not explicitly defined. Even in the first formal proposition by Levins (1969), the metapopulation was conceived as a suite of dimensionless units, thus emphasizing operational rather than natural criteria. While the heuristic and practical value of the metapopulation frame can hardly be disputed when applied to patch dynamics, its terms and definitions do not necessarily convey more biological reality than that implicitly assumed by the researcher. On the other hand, an increasingly popular notion is leading to additional difficulties. Many studies on marine intertidal systems emphasize the "openness" of such populations as a specific property that renders them different from other (especially terrestrial) populations, and consider the latter as a paradigmatic case of closed systems (Roughgarden and Iwasa 1986, Roughgarden et al. 1994, Caley et al. 1996). In fact, some authors (e.g. Roughgarden et al. 1985) propose that because most sessile marine species release their larvae to the ocean, open models that incorporate the arrival of larvae from other adult populations should describe their populations. Such a framework is considered more realistic than the stock-recruitment approach (Roughgarden et al. 1985, 1988, Caley et al. 1996). In this context, "openness" is seen as the primary condition of marine benthic populations when observed at local scales (Gaines and Roughgarden 1985) and, as a conse-


This paper presents a new way to test integrated Hall effect sensors, by converting the internal measured parameters into other parameters, which can be measured more easily, with less complex equipment and in a shorter time. A comparison between SPICE, and Simulink simulations and with an analytical model is achieved, in order to evaluate the precision of the method.


Lattice QCD with Wilson quarks and a chirally twisted mass term rep- resents a promising alternative regularization of QCD, which does not suer from unphysical fermionzero modes. Weshow howthecorrelationfunctionsoftherenor- malized theory are related to the theory with a standard parameterization of the mass term. In particular we discuss the conditions under which these relations take the same form as obtained from naive continuum considerations. We discuss in detail some applications and comment on potential benets and problems of this framework.


A botanical expedition was made to Santo Domingo in the spring of 1926 by Rafael A. Toro, of the Insular Experiment Station, Porto Rico, and the writer. We reached the island March 9 and left April 1. The trip was made possible by the cooperation of the Department of Agriculture and Labor of Porto Rico and the University of Porto Rico. All kinds of fungi were collected. The writer was especially interested in the rusts. Altogether about 400 numbered collections were made. In a paper entitled " Fungi of Santo Domingo?I" (Mycologia 19: 66-84, 1927) Toro has reported on the collections of Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Fungi Imperfecti. His paper reports 97 species. Prior to this paper, published reports of the fungi of Santo Domingo have been scattered and are comparatively meager. In his paper, Toro reviews very thoroughly the litera? ture dealing with Santo Domingan fungi. The present paper reports the collections of rusts made by Kern and Toro. In the following list our names and the year are omitted for our collections. In addition to our collections, I am including some made by Doctor M. F. Barrus, of Cornell University, who collected in Santo Domingo during January and February, 1926. Since the publication of this paper has been delayed, I am able to include some specimens collected in May, 1927, by Mr. Carlos E. Chardon, Commissioner of Agriculture of Porto Rico. Doctor Barrus and Mr. Chardon have generously turned over to me their specimens for study and record. Full data are included for specimens by other collectors. A few specimens are included which were contributed by Doctor R. Ciferri, Director of the Agricultural Experiment Station of Santo


Integrin adhesion receptors contain an on/off switch that regulates ligand binding affinity and cell adhesion. The switch from "off" to "on" is commonly referred to as integrin activation. The objective of this study was to gain insight into the nature of the on/off switch in platelet integrin αIIbβ3. Here, we show that a select group of the cysteines, located within the extracellular cysteine-rich domain of the β subunit, remain unpaired. These unpaired cysteine residues exhibit the properties of a redox site involved in integrin activation. Alterations to the redox site prevent the inter-conversion between resting and active integrin. Altogether, the study establishes integrin as a direct target for redox modulation, revealing an unappreciated link between cell adhesion and redox biology.


Objective To explore the service optimization measures of outpatient pharmacy.Methods The new service model of standardized,scientific,differential management implemented from July 2009 to July 2010 in our outpatient pharmacy was investigated for 102 patients,and 97 patients were investigated for the pre-implementation from July 2008 to July 2009.One Way ANOVA was adopted to compare the changes of patients' satisfaction at service quality before and after the implementation of service management.Results The patients' satisfaction rate was up to 97.1% after implementing new service,which was significantly better than before(80.5%) with statistically significant difference(P 0.05).Conclusions Implementation of scientific,standardized,differential service model in the outpatient pharmacy has improved the efficiency of pharmacy staff and effectively shortened the time for patients to wait for drugs,which ensures the patients' safety,efficiency and rationality for medication,and fully satisfies the patients' requirements of high-quality,high-efficiency,and low costs of service.


A communication method of transmitting video data which may include a predetermined number of bits as a unit from a source device to a sink device in sync with pixel clock and using individual transmission lines for respective color data or the like, may include preparing video data for three-dimensional display including the video data for a left eye and the video data for a right eye; forming the data for the left eye and for the right eye including the predetermined number of bits per pixel respectively; adding one of the data for the left eye and data for the right eye to the other thereof per pixel; forming the data of one pixel including twice the predetermined number of bits and transmitting the data at a timing in sync with the pixel clock; and transmitting the data for three-dimensional display from the source device to the sink device.


Emerging energy and insulation applications require dielectric materials that can operate at high electric fields and meanwhile possess low leakage currents. For dielectric polymer nanocomposites, beyond filler dispersion, tailoring hierarchical structures offers a promising, yet largely untapped, approach to reach this goal. Here, we demonstrate that the controlled arrangement of pseudo-2D nanofillers and polymer crystals in polyethylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites can be used as an effective approach to achieve nontrivial highly enhanced dielectric performances, far beyond what is feasible with conventional (macroscopic, isotropic) composites. In particular, it is shown that aligned nanofillers can increase the breakdown strength, while, at the same time, reducing the leakage current, in these dielectric nanostructured composites. The orientation of the nanosized pseudo-2D fillers increases the path tortuosity for charge transport, acting as an effective geometric barrier, in the same way and in addi...


Three pheno-morphological and yield traits in a set of 15 F1 hybrids of six inbred lines of maize )Zea mays L.( were produced in 2008 at the Maize Researches Department and evaluated in 2009 at three locations i.e. Agriculture Scientific Research Center at Hama, Dir Al-Zor and Aleppo. Mean squares of locations, hybrids and hybrids × locations were significant for all traits, it means that hybrid behavior changed from location to another. Mean squares of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability confirmed the high consequence of both additive and non-additive gene action on the inheritance of these traits. Also, interaction between GCA × locations and SCA × locations were significant for all studied traits except SCA × locations for plant height and grain yield suggesting that "location" is considered )1( G.C.S.A.R. Crops Administration, Syria firstname.lastname@example.com


The rare cisAB subgroups inherited from a single parent are characterized by the activities of dual A and B glycosyltransferases encoded by a gene on one chromosome. The serological complexity of cisAB challenges clinical blood transfusion practice because of misclassification in ABO grouping.


The surge current ruggedness of free-wheeling diodes can be improved by implementing the SPEED concept (Self-adjusting P Emitter Efficiency Diode). Experiments show that the switching ruggedness of such a diode is worse than that of a conventional diode. Simulations indicate that during diode turn-off filaments are pinned at the cathode side. These filaments can be avoided by implementing CIBH (Controlled Injection of Backside Holes). It turns out that a necessary additional measure is to fully embed the p+-areas of the SPEED anode in the low-doped p-type area to avoid high electrical field strengths and current crowding at the anode side. Combining these measures, the appearance of current filaments with an extremely high current density and their pinning to a certain area in the device during the turn-off period can be avoided.


The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is discouraging unique identifier- based reporting programs for AIDS cases in favor of a name-based reporting program. Several States are moving in the direction of unique identifier-based reporting, but may find that they will not be getting desired support from the CDC. Current HIV surveillance data show where the epidemic is flourishing, however, only 29 States have actually adopted an HIV surveillance program. More often, States have adopted an AIDS surveillance program, which explains the epidemic after it has matured. The CDC plans to publish a report of guidelines intended to help the States build a comprehensive HIV name-based reporting system.


This invention relates to a titanium dioxide catalyst particle, the catalyst particle comprising rutiie nanorods having metal nanoparticles deposited at or near the free ends of the nanorods, which is suitable to catalyse reactions after exposure to temperatures above 550 DEG C. The invention also provides for the use of a catalyst particle in catalysing reactions and a method of catalysing reactions, the catalyst particle being suitable to catalyse reactions after exposure to temperatures above 550 DEG C.


Previous studies have reported enhanced KCl‐mediated constriction despite reduced smooth muscle cell calcium channel current in coronary arteries from hypercholesterolemic swine. We tested the hypothesis that coronary arteries of hypercholesterolemic pigs are more sensitive to calcium due to an activation of protein kinase C (PKC). Male Yucatan miniature swine were randomly assigned to a control (CON) or high fat/high cholesterol (HC) diet for 23 wks and then killed. Vascular reactivity of rings isolated from the left anterior descending coronary artery was studied using standard isometric techniques. Rings from HC animals constricted with greater force per unit of intracellular calcium in response to KCl. Additionally, the response to increasing calcium concentrations was greater in permeabilized rings from HC compared with CON animals. Rings isolated from HC animals also exhibited enhanced maximal constriction to KCl. The broad‐spectrum PKC inhibitor calphostin C (1 μM) attenuated this constriction to a greater extent in arteries from HC compared to CON animals; however, the conventional PKC isoform‐selective inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (1 μM) had no effect in either group. We conclude that the increase in calcium sensitivity of the coronary vasculature in HC animals is attributable at least in part to an increased contribution of the novel PKC isoforms.


We reformulate the persistent (co)homology of simplicial filtrations, viewed from a more algebraic setting, namely as the (co)homology of a chain complex of graded modules over polynomial ring $K[t]$. We also define persistent (co)homology of groups, associative algebras, Lie algebras, etc. \par Then we obtain formulas for tensor powers $T^n(M),S^n(M),\Lambda^{\!n}(M)$ where $M$ is a persistence module. We discuss the cyclic and dihedral powers of persistence modules, and more generally quotients of $T^n(M)$ by a group action.


As the mobile web is becoming more accessible,the mobile information push services are in increasingly great demand.In this paper,we first analyze the status of mobile information services and the demand for push services.Then combining the existing push technology,we put forward a new mobile information push service model based on Agent and JBS.


The b lood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the central nervous system ( C N S ) by its unique transport system. Elevated permeabil i ty o f the B B B is o n e o f the major factors in brain e d e m a (1). In order to permit investi gat ion o f the mechanism of brain edema, a model sys tem has been required t o quantify the permeabil i ty o f the B B B . Brain endothel ial cells have different char acteristics from other peripheral endothelial cells, that play important roles in the permeabil ity o f the BBB. The existence o f tight junct ions , one o f the important morphological features of these cells, inhibits the inter cellular permeabil i ty o f substances . We established a cell culture mode l o f the B B B using brain endothel ial cells for the quantitat ive evaluat ion o f inter-cellular flux o f the brain endothel ial cells.


The utility model relates to a medical instruments. Suction members are adopted to pump out partial air in a suction therapeutic cover on human acupoints, and negative pressure is produced in the suction therapeutic cover so as to stimulate the acupoints, regulate the functions of a human body and achieve the effect of treating diseases. The suction members are composed of a suction barrel, a piston, a connecting rod, an upper and a lower grips, etc. The suction therapeutic cover presents a cup shape, the opening of the cup is provided with a drug storing cross and a deflation valve, and a rubber diaphragm is pressed by a clamping ring into a ring groove at the top of the suction therapeutic cover, so that the rubber diaphragm can automatically seal the top.


The purpose of this article is focused on the design and development of an accessible mobile app of individual navigation and location for elder people with visual disability. To develop the mobile application, it was used as methodology Extreme Programming, el Universal Design, integrated technologies of WebService, PHP, MYSQL, Java and Apache. The app allows to know the man's location and share it within many users providing security and facilitate a better inclusion of the use of technology to this kind of population. Finally the article shows results obtained from a pilot test through the user's experience in different scenarios.


PurposeThis paper examines the antecedents of adaptive selling behavior empirically from the salespeople's, customers', and firms' perspectives.Design/methodology/approachSurvey design was used for this study. Data from 219 salespeople and their visiting customers in selected cosmetics companies in Korea are used to test the conceptual model using structural equation modeling.FindingsFindings show that intrinsic motivation, empathy, and product knowledge are germane to adaptive selling behavior among salesperson-level factors. Similarly, among the customer-level factors, the length of the relationship between salespeople and customers positively affects adaptive selling behavior. Also, while supervisory empowerment among the organizational-level factors significantly predicts adaptive selling behavior, supervisory control has a negative effect on adaptive selling behavior. The study finds that emotional intelligence and customer value demandingness do not significantly affect adaptive selling behavior.Originality/valueEven though there is extant research on adaptive selling behavior, our research differs from previous research because our research focuses on door-to-door personal selling channels. Furthermore, this study departs from previous research because it uses customer-reporting of the salespeople and salespeople's self-reporting responses.


This essay intends to present any differences in upper secondary students' usage of curse words based on the idea that there are differences between boys and girls in secondary school. Not only on ...


cellular with relatively monotonous cells arranged in a dyscohesive pattern. The dominant morphology was centrally located nuclei and abundant cytoplasm having tiny punched out well-defined cytoplasmic vacuoles. Scattered cells with plasmacytoid morphology and absence of cytoplasmic vacuoles were also noted along with some multinucleated tumour giant cells (Figure 2). Most tumour cells had nucleoli, but they were not prominent. Occasional cells showed intranuclear inclusions, and mitotic figures were infrequent. No pigmented cells were noted in the smear. Considering the solitary superficial swelling, recurrence history and the described cytomorphology, possibilities considered were malignant adnexal tumour or a superficial epithelioid sarcoma. Initial immunohistochemical stains included pancytokeratin, vimentin and S100 (Figure 3). The tumour cells were positive for vimentin and S100 and negative for pancytokeratin.


The ship hull and the revolving crane were modeled respectively,in order to calculate and display the real time floating condition and stability of the crane ship in the process of revolving under certain loading and working radius.So the best load plan can be quickly find.Real time surveillance of the changes of ship floating condition and stability and the assurance of working safety during its work is of great engineering application value.


The traffic volume due to bandwidth hungry multimedia and internet applications is growing exponentially and demands a significant change in communication networks. Due to the high speed communication requirements present researchers are giving interest in efficient, adaptive and cost effective optical network design. Recent works in optical networking using optical fiber communication focusing on the efficient utilization of resources by flexibly utilizing the spectrum and adaptive networking to support a better quality of service (QoS). The flexible grid in optical spectrum and adaptive optical networking save spectrum with improvement in energy and spectral efficiency. Simple modulation of a signal can support lower bit rate transmissions, which are more sophisticated for higher bit rates. Recent advances on hardware such as optical transponders and switches make it more feasible to develop a new elastic-optical networking (EON) paradigm. Current research efforts are on new innovations of optical transponders and optical switches to support EON functionalities. The measure of spectrum utilization factor with respect to the value of traffic requirement increases the flexibility of the networks. The Integer Linear Programming (ILP) is used to extract the optimal solution for analysis of utilized frequency slots with available slots and increased traffic in the network. This framework also calculates the spectrum utilization for different traffic in order to choose required frequency slot for the EON to provide uninterrupted network service.


Purpose – This paper to examine full knowledge sharing (KS) and partial KS in order to test the proposition that they are separate behaviors with different characteristics, risks, and motivations for the informer and subsequently different predictors.Design/methodology/approach – Employed knowledge workers completed two questionnaires over a two‐week period regarding their attitudes, situational factors, individual differences, and KS behaviors with their close colleagues in their workplace.Findings – Results support the proposition that they are different albeit related behaviors. Full KS is enabled by intentions for full KS. Partial KS is enabled by the uniqueness of the knowledge, interpersonal distrust of close colleagues, and inhibited by perceived value of knowledge. Management support, interpersonal trust and distrust enable intentions for both full and partial KS, then propensity to share further enables full KS, and psychological ownership further enables intentions for partial KS.Research limita...


Objective: Fitness trackers are appealing in public health intervention programmes aimed at promoting physical activity, but it is unclear whether tracker use leads to health behaviour change in soldiers. This programme evaluation investigated the effects of fitness tracker usage on goal-setting, self-monitoring and physical activity behaviours in soldiers participating in a 6-month pilot health promotion programme focused on improving sleep, activity and nutrition behaviours. Design: Participants in this programme (n = 4,418) were assigned to a health education, an education plus fitness tracker or a comparison (i.e. no intervention) condition. Data were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Setting: Soldiers in five brigades participated in one of the three conditions, with health education integrated into daily operations. Method: Participants in the health education and education plus fitness tracker conditions were exposed to materials distributed via health educators and through leader interaction. Participants in the education plus fitness tracker condition were also assigned a fitness tracker for use. Results: Self-monitoring increased in all conditions over time; however, there was a significant interaction of group by time, such that individuals in the fitness tracker condition reported significantly greater increases in self-monitoring over time, compared with the other groups. Conversely, self-reported physical activity decreased in all conditions over time, with no significant interaction, indicating no effect of group membership. Conclusion: Although fitness trackers are popular in the health and fitness industry, they may have limited utility as a public health intervention aimed at increasing physical activity in soldiers participating in this programme.


The following article denotes a library media specialist's journey to obtain an academic librarianship position through the lens of imposter syndrome. The information contained in the article is presented through a singular lens and provides insight to help inspire library media specialists to apply and obtain future academic librarian positions.


In this paper, we present an overview about the use of the SESYD dataset for performance evaluation of symbol spotting systems. SESYD is a dataset of synthetic graphics documents containing non-isolated symbols in a real context. These documents are drawings (architectural floorplans and electrical diagrams), bags of symbols (i.e. arbitrary compositions of segmented symbols) or query symbols (i.e. cropped images of symbols). The whole dataset is currently composed of 5 document collections containing around 11,100 images representing 128,700 symbols. All these collections have been made publicly available for evaluation purpose since 2007. As a result, this dataset has been employed in a large number of papers in the literature. It constitutes till today, at the best of our knowledge, one of the top datasets in the graphics recognition community for performance evaluation. In this paper, we present an overview about the use of this dataset on the specific task of symbol spotting. We report and compare the main results and characterization approaches presented in the literature. We also present some improvements of our approach resulting in some new published collections. Keywords-symbol spotting, performance evaluation, distortion methods, performance characterization


Purpose. Healthy street space is an important goal in achieving public health, and street space in old areas is a design object to promote urban renewal. In 2021, China's urbanization reached 65.22% according to Development and Reform Commission of PRC (2023). The rapid development of urbanization leads to urban problems and public health events that threaten residents' life safety and physical health in old urban areas. Health issues are a major problem faced in urban renewal. Methodology. In this paper, an index system for evaluating the health of urban streets is established through empirical research. Through the preliminary study on the scope of data acquisition and establishing an index system. The authors identified and weighted eight main and 15 secondary indicators. By asking experts, residents, and tourists and using the information entropy-based weight allocation method, we determined the weight of each indicator. An empirical study of the Dongmenkou area in Yiyang City then followed this. Results. The study results show that the street space in the Dongmenkou district of Yiyang City has problems regarding inappropriate street width, imperfect street greening, poor street safety at night, and uneven distribution of facilities. Suggestions are made to improve the street scale, street environment, and facilities.


This thesis is concerned with the development of efficient and reliable numerical algorithms for the solution of nonlinear systems of partial differential equations (PDEs) of elliptic and parabolic type. The main focus is on the implementation and performance of three different nonlinear multilevel algorithms, following discretisation of the PDEs: the Full Approximation Scheme (FAS), Newton-Multigrid (Newton-MG) and a Newton-Krylov solver with a novel pre- conditioner that we have developed based on the use of Algebraic Multigrid (AMG). In recent years these algorithms have been commonly used to solve nonlinear systems that arise from the discretisation of PDEs due to the fact that their execution time can scale linearly (or close to linearly) with the number of degrees of freedom used in the discretisation.
We consider two mathematical models: a thin film flow and the Cahn-Hilliard-Hele-Shaw model. These mathematical models consist of nonlinear, time-dependent and coupled PDEs systems. Using a Finite Difference Method (FDM) in space and Backward Differentiation For- mulae (BDF) in time, we discrete the two models, to produce nonlinear algebraic systems. We are able to solve these nonlinear systems implicitly in computationally demanding 2D situa- tions. We present numerical results, for both steady-state and time-dependent problems, that demonstrate the optimality of the three numerical algorithms for the thin film flow model. We show optimality of the FAS and Newton-Krylov approaches for the time-dependent Cahn- Hilliard-Hele-Shaw (CHHS) problem.
The main contribution is to address the question of which of these three nonlinear solvers is likely to be the best (i.e. computationally most effective) in practice. In order to asses this, we discuss the careful implementation and timing of these algorithms in order to permit a fair direct comparison of their computational cost. We then present extensive numerical results in order to make this comparison between these nonlinear multilevel methods. The conclusion emerging from this investigation is that it does not appear that there is a single superior approach, but rather that the best approach is problem dependent. Specifically, we find that our optimally preconditioned Newton-Krylov approach is best for the thin film flow model in the steady-state and time-dependent form, whilst the FAS solver appears best for the time-dependent CHHS model.


Crude oil properties data were gathered from publications for modeling correlations and artificial neural networks (ANN), which could be used to predict bubble point pressure and bubble point oil formation volume factor. The data sets were screened for redundant data. Each data set was selected randomly and divided into developing, and test data sets. Nonlinear regression was the technique used to develop each correlation. For ANN development, the developing data sets were randomly divided into training, validation, and testing sets. Different network architectures and transfer functions were used for developing the best ANN models. To ensure their accuracy and applicability, the developed models were tested and compared with other published correlations using the testing data sets, which had not been used for developing correlations and ANNs. The results showed that the developed models gave better performance compared to other existing correlations.


Background: Cardiovascular disease (CAVD) is the most common cause of mortality for chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients, yet the risk factors for the events have not been well established. Methods: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional survey in 995 chronic HD patients recruited from 12 HD centers in Taiwan to investigate the prevalence of CAVD, including coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), and related them to 30 different parameters. Results: The mean age of 995 patients (499 males/496 females) was 56.4 ± 12.3 years, and average HD duration was 59.8 ± 51.2 months. The prevalence rates of CHD, CVD, and PVD were 24.0, 6.0, and 5.3%, respectively. Results of our multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that out of the conventional CAVD risk factors, only old age and diabetes could be significantly associated with CAVD. Meanwhile, we found some novel clinical correlates, including low apolipoprotein A-I and creatinine for CHD, low uric acid for CVD, and low hematocrit and low diastolic blood pressure for PVD. Interestingly, left ventricular hypertrophy was found to be an independent correlate for all three: CHD, CVD, and PVD. Conclusions: Our study suggests that consideration of conventional cardiovascular risk factors as well as unconventional risk factors might better assess the risk for CAVD among HD patients.


According to the functional characteristics of the large scale exhibition hall,the paper analyzes the problems in the fire compartmentation,evacuation and automatic fire equipment of the hall.It also gives its suggestions on how to solve the problems.


The birefringence of CaCO 3 is discussed taking account of dipole interaction among the Ca ++ and CO 3 - -ions. The electronic rolarizabilities of the CO 3 - -ions are obtained as α 1 =3.18 ×10 -24 cm 3 and α 2 =4.20 ×10 -24 cm 3 in the direction parallel and perpendicular to the optical axes respectively for n e =1.486 and n 0 =1.658. The bond polarizabilities of C-O can be obtained as α // =1.74 ×10 -24 cm 3 and α ⊥ = 1.06 ×10 -24 cm 3 in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the line connecting C and O respectively with anisotropic ratio α // /α ⊥ =1.64.


Recently, as a result of the development of techniques for VR, visualizing, modeling, and digitizing 3D object, the number of available 3D models on Internet and in special databases has been increased, which also affects the development of 3D model retrieval systems. The 3D model retrieval engine is a system which obtains and analyzes the user's query object and retrieves several similar 3D objects. Efficient feature preprocessing, feature extracting and dissimilarity measures are needed in 3D model retrieval systems. A method for computing shape signature for 3D polygonal models was proposed and analyzed. The key idea is to represent the signature of a model by Fourier descriptor sampled from a shape statistics function. Firstly, position alignment, projection transformation and boundary extraction of a 3D model were carried on. Secondly, the contour extracted from projection was parameterized with a combined method of decomposing using circular rays, and then obtained the shape signature by decomposing the parameterization function with Fourier. Thirdly, signature descriptors of the query object were matched with all the other models in the database in order to search for similar goals. The comparison with other methods indicates the effectiveness of the method.


This article aims to analyze the articulation between the historical philosophy practiced by Nietzsche from 1876 and the genealogy of morality. For this, it is desired to emphasize how the philosopher passes from the task of analyzing the history of moral feelings, characteristic of Human, all too human, to that which leads to place the value of values (i.e., moral itself) in check, in Genealogy of morality. Finally, this requires analyzing the importance of the relationship between life and work in order to identify its results: a valuation of individual experiences and the affirmation of innocence.


This paper aim at the practical difficulties of well repairing,with ZT160 type rig base structure for example,we oppose structure improvement scheme,and calculation of the stiffness and strength of the improved structure using finite element analysis software.The results show that,this scheme can realize the workover rig overhaul oil pumping mechanical foundation and lower the workover cost and time.If the scheme is applied to the workover operation,it can improve production efficiency,increase the economic benefit.


Objective:To observe the effects of Bushen Xingnao prescription(BSXNP) on contents of choline acetyltransferase(ChAT) and abilities of learning and memory of vascular dementia(VD) rats.Methods:The VD model rats were made with bilateral carotid artery ligation and ischemia-reperfusion methods.The models were randomly divided into model group(MG),western medicine group(WG),Chinese medicine group(CG),and treated with appropriate drugs.The behavioral changes of rats were observed by diving platform experiment,and the ChAT contents in serum and hippocampal organization were detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay method.Results:The escape latency of CG was obviously shorter than that of MG.The ChAT contents of CG in serum and hippocampus were higher than those of MG(P0.05).Conclusion:Improving the contents of ChAT in serum and hippocampus may be one of the mechanisms of BSXNP to treat VD.


The writer has made preliminary exploration for the united front on how to meet the development requirements of advanced productivity in the new century, and discovered some vigorous access points and new growing points that have not been paid attention to, for the united front to effectively and practically meet the requirements in the new century.


Looking at the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of mental health professionals, it would be expected that those with professional education would demonstrate more expertise in the pathophysiology of mental illness. It would be expected that their beliefs would be based in science and that they would be less likely to endorse negative or stigmatizing attitudes toward the mentally ill. However, in a study of doctors' attitudes towards people with mental illness in Western Nigeria, it was found that this group espoused prevalent beliefs in supernatural causes for mental illness (Adewuya & Oguntade, 2007). The mentally ill were perceived as dangerous and their prognosis perceived as poor. Most of the medical doctors believed misuse of drugs and alcohol to be the major cause of mental illness. Since misuse of drugs and alcohol could be a related factor for a limited number of mental disorders and the misuse of substances often is viewed as a moral failing in Africa, mental illnesses were viewed as self-inflicted by the doctors and the public, and this attitude elicited condemnation rather than understanding or sympathy (Adewuya & Oguntade, 2007).


Throughout the centuries cohesion has been studied for its positive impact on military personnel. Researchers have found it to be a protective factor that mitigates mental health symptoms. It is therefore important to assess the current environment in the Army to see if Soldiers are receiving the benefits from high cohesion levels and analyze ways to improve this protective factor. One method of increasing cohesion found in previous research is through the use of mentoring relationships. This study used a snow ball sampling method and assessed current levels of cohesion in the Army, any possible gender differences, and the added effects a mentor relationship has on reported cohesion levels. A sample size of 170 Soldiers completed an online survey that assessed cohesion, demographic information, and information on mentor relationships. Through means comparison tests it was found that for this sample there are no significant gender differences on reported cohesion levels and perceived barriers to mentor relationships. However, Soldiers' who report having a mentor did report significantly higher levels of cohesion than Soldiers without a mentor. Interestingly, when broken down into the female population alone, no significant differences were found on cohesion levels for those with and without a mentor. These findings appear in contrary to previous literature, which suggests a possible new cultural change in the Army, differing views on the benefits of mentors from female Soldiers, or a possible sampling bias in this study. Future research should focus on a more diverse sample as well as examining other Military branches. Degree Type Dissertation Rights Terms of use for work posted in CommonKnowledge. Comments Library Use: LIH This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/1114 Copyright and terms of use If you have downloaded this document directly from the web or from CommonKnowledge, see the "Rights" section on the previous page for the terms of use. If you have received this document through an interlibrary loan/document delivery service, the following terms of use apply: Copyright in this work is held by the author(s). You may download or print any portion of this document for personal use only, or for any use that is allowed by fair use (Title 17, §107 U.S.C.). Except for personal or fair use, you or your borrowing library may not reproduce, remix, republish, post, transmit, or distribute this document, or any portion thereof, without the permission of the copyright owner. [Note: If this document is licensed under a Creative Commons license (see "Rights" on the previous page) which allows broader usage rights, your use is governed by the terms of that license.] Inquiries regarding further use of these materials should be addressed to: CommonKnowledge Rights, Pacific University Library, 2043 College Way, Forest Grove, OR 97116, (503) 352-7209. Email inquiries may be directed to:. firstname.lastname@example.com This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/1114 ANALYZING GENDER DIFFERENCES IN COHESION LEVELS AND THE IMPACT OF MENTORING IN THE U.S. ARMY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACUTLY OF SCHOOL OF PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY PACIFIC UNIVERSITY HILLSBORO, OREGON BY AMANDA McCABE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PSYCHOLOGY DECEMBER 13 th , 2013


ABSTRACT The material (LC#11) we are reporting in this communication is a chiral fluorinated organosiloxane liquid crystal which has a long chain hydrocarbon head and ending with a straight trisiloxane terminus. Polarized optical microscopic studies revealed that the material exhibits SC, SA phases along with a co-existent biphasic region. The material responds to electric field; at low temperature the response is slow. Tilt angle measurements as a function of temperature are carried out using optical extinction method. Low frequency dielectric studies are carried out using Wayne Kerr precision impedance analyzer.


Rapid bone loss and high rates of fractures occur following liver transplantation. To analyze the effect of intravenous pamidronate on bone loss after liver transplantation. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was performed. Seventy‐nine patients were randomized to two groups of treatment: the pamidronate group (n = 38) was treated with 90 mg/IV of pamidronate within the first 2 weeks and at 3 months after transplantation; the placebo group (n = 41) received glucose infusions at the same time points. All patients received calcium and vitamin D. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (L2–L4) and proximal femur using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry and also spinal X‐rays were performed before, and at 6 and 12 months after liver transplantation. Biochemical and hormonal determinations were performed previous to transplantation, at 24 h before and after treatment, as well as at 6 and 12 months after liver transplantation. At 12 months after transplantation, there were significant differences in lumbar BMD changes (6 months: pamidronate 1.6% vs. placebo 0.8%, P = NS; 12 months: pamidronate 2.9% vs. placebo 1%, P < 0.05). Femoral neck BMD decreased in the pamidronate‐ and placebo groups during the first 6 months (6 months: pamidronate −3.1% vs. placebo −2.9%, P = NS; 12 months: pamidronate −3.2% vs. placebo −3.1%, P = NS). BMD at the trochanter remained stable in the pamidronate group, whilst a reduction was observed in the placebo group at 6 months (6 months: pamidronate −0.7% vs. placebo −3.7%, P < 0.05; 12 months: pamidronate −0.5% vs. placebo −1.2%, P = NS). Moreover, no significant differences in the incidence of fractures, serum parathyroid hormone and serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D values between both groups were found. Pamidronate did not increase the risk of serious adverse events. The results of this study show that 90 mg of intravenous pamidronate within the first 2 weeks and at 3 months following liver transplantation preserve lumbar bone mass during the first year, without significant adverse events. However, pamidronate does not reduce bone loss at the femoral neck and furthermore it does not reduce skeletal fractures.


BACKGROUND
Hospice is considered to be underutilized, particularly among patients with noncancer diagnoses such as stroke. The highest mortality among stroke patients occurs within the first 30 days; however, we know little about the hospice enrollment decision for this population during this critical time frame.

OBJECTIVES
To determine hospice enrollment rates and to describe sociodemographic and clinical predictors of hospice utilization among patients who die within 30 days of their stroke.

DESIGN
Retrospective analysis of administrative data.

SUBJECTS
Medicare beneficiaries 65 years and older discharged with ischemic stroke from 422 hospitals and 11 metropolitan regions during the year 2000 who died within 30 days of their stroke.

MEASURES
Hospice utilization within 30 days.

RESULTS
The overall hospice enrollment rate in our study was 23%. Using multivariable logistic regression, factors predicting increased hospice enrollment included older age, female gender, health management organization (HMO) membership, length of stay more than 3 days, and dementia. Factors predicting decreased enrollment included African American race, mechanical ventilation, gastrostomy tube placement, uncomplicated diabetes mellitus, and valvular disease. When in-hospital deaths were excluded, overall enrollment increased to 44%, and mechanical ventilation and dementia ceased to predict enrollment.

CONCLUSIONS
Hospice enrollment rates among patients who die within the first 30 days of their stroke, particularly among those who survive to discharge, are much higher than prior estimates suggest. Although overall enrollment rates were higher than anticipated, there remain important sociodemographic and clinical characteristics unique to this population that predict low hospice utilization that should serve as targets for further research and intervention.


Based on value chain model by Michael E.Porter and the theory of Smile Curve by Stan Shih,this paper points out that the production mode of Chinese forestry industry is low-end value chain which imports raw materials and exports manufactured goods.Then the authors analyze the characteristics of Chinese forestry industry chain and the problems existed in different levels of forestry industry chain.Taking the International Paper Company for an example,the authors point out the development direction of Chinese forestry industry chain,and propose recommendations for integration of forestry industry chain.


The completion of the 1.2 billion British pound Oyster smart card project for public transport in London is scheduled for later this year. This project is one of the biggest and most complex integrated ticketing projects of its kind in the world. The Oyster smart card promises faster, easier, and more convenient travel for visitors and commuters using London's public transport.


Lithology identification is an indispensable part in geological research and petroleum engineering study. In recent years, several mathematical approaches have been used to improve the accuracy of lithology classification. Based on our earlier work that assessed machine learning models on formation lithology classification, we optimize the boosting approaches to improve the classification ability of our boosting models with the data collected from the Daniudi gas field and Hangjinqi gas field. Three boosting models, namely, AdaBoost, Gradient Tree Boosting, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting, are evaluated with 5-fold cross validation. Regularization is applied to the Gradient Tree Boosting and eXtreme Gradient Boosting to avoid overfitting. After adapting the hyperparameter tuning approach on each boosting model to optimize the parameter set, we use stacking to combine the three optimized models to improve the classification accuracy. Results suggest that the optimized stacked boosting model has better performance concerning the evaluation matrix such as precision, recall, and f1 score compared with the single optimized boosting model. Confusion matrix also shows that the stacked model has better performance in distinguishing sandstone classes.


A sulfuric acid-based superacid makes an excellent medium for dispersing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) at concentrations that are useful for industrial processes. This discovery, made by researchers at Rice University, Houston, enabled them to process the dispersion into the first continuous fibers of aligned, pristine SWNTs [Macromolecules, published online Dec. 9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma0352328]. Fibers like these might be used to make ultralight, ultrastrong materials with remarkable electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties.


The present invention relates to a method for connecting a first component (1) to a second component (2), comprising the steps of: - providing a first component (1) having a first joining part receptacle (3); - generating a joining part (4) and / or in the first joining part receptacle (3) by means of a generative process; - providing a second component (2) having a second joining part receptacle (5); and - connecting the joining part (4) with the second joining part receptacle (5) of the second component (2). Further, the invention relates to a composite component (9), which was produced by a method according to the invention.


We present an extremum seeking (ES)‐based robust observer design for thermal‐fluid systems, pursuing an application to efficient energy management in buildings. The model is originally described by Boussinesq equations which is given by a system of two coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) for the velocity field and temperature profile constrained to incompressible flow. Using proper orthogonal decomposition, the PDEs are reduced to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Given a set of temperature and velocity point measurements, a nonlinear state observer is designed to reconstruct the entire state under the error of initial states, and model parametric uncertainties. We prove that the closed loop system for the observer error state satisfies an estimate of L2 norm in a sense of locally input‐to‐state stability with respect to parameter uncertainties. Moreover, the uncertain parameters estimate used in the designed observer are optimized through iterations of a data‐driven ES algorithm. Numerical simulation of a two‐dimensional Boussinesq PDE illustrates the performance of the proposed adaptive estimation method.


A B S T R A C T Certain aspects of protocorm development in Vanda were examined ultrastructurally. The parenchymal cells of the protocorm accumulate substantial quantities of lipid, protein, and carbohydrate reserves which disappear gradually with the senescence of the parenchymatous region. The proteinaceous reserves appear initially as discrete bodies which become intimately associated with clusters of small tubules. The tubules eventually disperse throughout the cytoplasm and disappear following depletion of the protein bodies. The lipid reserves also appear as discrete bodies and are associated with an electron dense, laminated inclusion which appears to increase in size with the disappearance of the lipid bodies. While plastids in the meristematic cells differentiate a well-developed thylakoid system and contain little starch, those of the parenchymal cells contain large starch grains and numerous osmiophilic droplets and develop meager thylakoid systems. Membrane-bound crystalline structures of hexagonal and rhomboid cross section occur frequently in the cytoplasm of senescent parenchyma cells. Trichome initials, which differentiate from the epidermis, contain few conventional organelles and exhibit numerous membrane-bound structures containing many small crystalline inclusions. Numerous vesicles accumulate at the tips of the trichomes in spaces between the cell wall and the plasmalemma. THE ORCHID EMBRYO emerges from the seed in a relatively undifferentiated state. The young seed


The present essay seeks to construct a biblical-theological understanding of the excessive competition in college/university entrance exams in Korean. In Part II the author claims to trace the unlimited competition for entrance exams back to the non-educational environment of neo-liberalism and nati...


Photoablation occurs in laser-irradiated tissue when the laser parameters are adjusted appropriately. This effectively removes the target tissue directly by breaking the molecular bonds and expunging the decomposed fragments. Excimer lasers in pulse mode emit photons carrying enough energy to break the bonds. To analyze the profile of ablation craters and their depth, a new method using CT imaging was developed and verified. Values of depth determined through this method were compared with values obtained by other methods. The aim of our experiments was to determine the ablation threshold for interaction between excimer laser and different types of tissue. Experimentally obtained values of all measured variables are in accordance with values available in current publications.


CHILD LABOR may be defined as the harmful or unsuitable employment of children under commercialized conditions. Whether or not the child is paid directly, it is the exploitation of his labor that counts. In vocational training and genuine apprenticeship, on the other hand, the educational or vocational value of the work done to the child himself is the first consideration. The continued existence of child labor, therefore, is inimical to the development of vocational training and apprentice training. A comprehensive investigation of child labor in the United States was carried on under Neill (748) pursuant to a Senate Resolution in 1907 and led to the establishment of the Federal Children's Bureau in 1912. From that time on, the Children's Bureau, the National Child Labor Committee, and other organizations engaged in many studies of child labor conditions which led to the building up and gradual improvement of a body of state laws, varying widely, however, from state to state. For nationwide statistics on the extent of child labor, United States Census volumes beginning with 1880 have been the chief reliance. Edwards (765, 766) brought together the statistics from the 1930 Census relating to children in gainful occupations by age groups and by occupations. More recent figures, based on employment certificates issued in 1933 by individual states, were published by the United States Children's Bureau (741). The White House Conference on Child Health and Protection (780) summarized research in the field of child labor up to 1930, under nonagricultural and agricultural occupations, industrial accidents and workmen's compensation, and administration of laws affecting the employment of minors, with extensive bibliography. This review, therefore, will confine itself for the most part to researches undertaken since the White House Conference and not covered in that report. Research has always played a threefold role in the progress of child labor regulation. Pioneer investigations into conditions of exploitation such as lighted the way for early legislation, have continued to be a vital need, especially in such fields as industrial home work, industrialized agriculture, and street trades, where legislation has lagged. With the establishment of legislative control, statistical studies and comparative surveys of legislation and administration have assumed importance. Lastly, investigations of conditions as affected by the laws are indispensable, with special attention to problems such as illegal employment, industrial injuries, or lack of suitable employment.


In this paper a method for the prediction of vehicle velocities is described that can be used for any point of time in the future. The approach is based on a two step clustering which uses toll transaction data of the training of the model. The results are different clusters for each road segment, containing the velocity value and its probability of occurrences. Furthermore the results of the method have been compared to a statistical method as well as to a neural network.


In order to investigate applicability and usability of correction by heating/pressing for steel members damaged by compressive loads, a series of experiments was carried out for cruciform and box columns. Steel members locally buckled by compressive loads could be corrected by heating/pressing without cracks in the welds. It was found that the maximum compressive load of the repaired columns was the same as that of the virgin ones in spite of the residual imperfection due to incomplete correction.


This technical paper demonstrates the successful of the application of self-magnetic leakage field (SMLF) technique in detecting anomalies in weldment of a thick P91 materials joint (1 inch thickness). Boiler components such as boiler tubes, stub boiler at penthouse and energy piping such as hot reheat pipe (HRP) and H-balance energy piping to turbine are made of P91 material. P91 is ferromagnetic material, therefore the technique of self-magnetic leakage field (SMLF) is applicable for P91 in detecting anomalies within material (internal defects). The technique is categorized under non-destructive technique (NDT). It is the second passive method after acoustic emission (AE), at which the information on structures radiation (magnetic field and energy waves) is used. The measured magnetic leakage field of a product or component is a magnetic leakage field occurring on the component's surface in the zone of dislocation stable slipbands under the influence of operational (in-service) or residual stresses or in zones of maximum inhomogeneity of metal structure in new products or components. Inter-granular and trans-granular cracks, inclusion, void, cavity and corrosion are considered types of inhomogeneity and discontinuity in material where obviously the output of magnetic leakage field will be shown when using this technique. The technique does not required surface preparation for the component to be inspected. This technique is contact-type inspection, which means the sensor has to touch or in-contact to the component's surface during inspection. The results of application of SMLF technique on the developed P91 reference blocks have demonstrated that the technique is practical to be used for anomaly inspection and detection as well as identification of anomalies' location. The evaluation of this passive self-magnetic leakage field (SMLF) technique has been verified by other conventional non-destructive tests (NDTs) on the reference blocks where simulated defects/anomalies have been developed inside at the weldment. The results from the inspection test showed that the signatures of magnetic leakage field gradient distribution prove that the peak is found on the location of defect/anomaly in the reference block. It is in agreement with the evidence of anomaly that seen in the radiography test film (RT).


Abstract: Core biopsy of the breast has been increasingly utilized as a first‐line diagnostic approach for mammographic breast lesions, palpable breast lesions, or both. Core biopsy has been shown to be cost‐effective in sparing a significant fraction of women an open surgical procedure and, in conjunction with radiologic imaging studies, can allow for planning of definitive therapy in women with malignant lesions ( 1–4 ). We present a case of multicentric secretory carcinoma of the breast in which the diagnosis was suggested by core biopsy. This case represents the first reported instance of core biopsy in secretory carcinoma, one of the rarest types of mammary carcinoma. We describe the mammographic appearance of the lesion, the appearance of the tissue core, and the use of core biopsy in the proper preoperative management of this rare, multicentric lesion.