InGaAs infrared photodetectors subjected to irradiation environments undergo microstructural modifications and concomitant degradation, yet the underlying microscopic mechanism has not been fully studied. Herein, the influence of γ irradiation (total dose of 20 krad(Si)) on an In0.53Ga0.47 As/InP p–i–n focal plane array is studied by spatially resolved and temperature‐dependent (3–290 K) photoluminescence (PL) measurements. By comparative PL studies of pre‐irradiation and post‐irradiation, the spatially resolved PL results of irradiation indicate that the in‐plane uniformity of all PL features presents bigger fluctuations, meanwhile, the results of temperature‐dependence PL demonstrate that the PL integral intensity related to impurities and interface‐bound states is significantly weakened after irradiation. This can be attributed to the enhanced migration and reaction of defects caused by γ irradiation. Some mobile defects tend to migrate to lower energy regions, such as interfaces, and form defect complexes. In addition, some impurities combine with mobile defects and form inactive impurity–defect complexes. The findings reveal the effects of low‐dose γ irradiation on InGaAs devices and may provide useful information for enhancing radiation resistance.


Internet addiction is described as an impulse control disorder, which does not involve the use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to pathological gambling. Some internet users may develop an emotional attachment to online friends and activities they create on their computer and mobile screens. Internet users may enjoy aspects of the internet at hat allow them to meet, socialize and exchange ideas through the use of chat rooms. Social networking website or virtual communities are similar to other addiction. Those suffering from internet addiction use the virtual fantasy world to connect real people to the internet, as substitutions for real life human connection which they are unable to achieve normally. Internet addiction results in personal family academic financial and occupational problems that are characteristics of to their addictions, Impairments of real life relationship are disrupted as a result of the excessive use of the internet. Spend less time without real people in their lives and are often viewed as socially awkward. They are regulating the social values. Social Values from an important part of the culture of the society.Values provide the general guidelines for social conduct, values such as fundamental duties, Patriotism, respect for human dignity, rationally, sacrifice, individuality, equality, democracy etc. These are guides our behavior in many ways. The adolescent is the important stage of life, it makes the aims and direction of the life. During adolescent period Internet addiction causes the social values deprived and it results as a failure and stress full person for society. Social values are required for the development of a good society but the adolescent is neglecting and giving less priority to these values which are a major problem for our society.


The effect of rapid solidification of a suction cast specimen on the microstructure, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and magnetic-field-induced strain of the Co1.36Ni1.21AlFe0.12 alloy was investigated. The results show that a dual-phase structure consists of L10-type twin martensite with a small amount of coexisting A1-type divorced eutectic γ phase in the specimen. After rapid solidification, the network divorced eutectic γ phase was smashed to pieces by strong suction force and the grain grew in a preferred orientation. At the same time, the specimen after rapid solidification has high magnetocrystalline anisotropy and excellent shape recovery. The trend of twin martensitic rearrangements was evaluated by the O'Handley model, and a relatively large magnetic-field-induced strain was obtained in the specimen with rapid solidification.


The National Academies' 2007 report "Rising Above the Gathering Storm": Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future," was a response to a bipartisan request by Congress. It proposes a coordinated set of policy actions consisting of four recommendations and twenty specific actions to "enhance the science and technology (S&T) enterprise so that the United States can successfully compete, prosper, and be secure in the global community of the 21 century." Early chapters of the report describe the authors' perceptions of the structure and behavior of the S&T eco-system that led to the report's recommended set of policy actions. The S&T eco-system structure in the report includes global forces that affect U.S. employment; U.S. K-12 education, higher education, corporate research, and federal funding for physical sciences and engineering research; U.S. reactions to 9/11 including visa policies, export controls, and sensitive but unclassified information; as well as underlying U.S. attitudes that influence the behavior of these structures. This report has become the nucleation point for the broad debate on the future of US prosperity and its international policy ramifications. Formal simulation of the logic within the report can test the validity and efficacy of proposed measures. This paper utilizes the report to illustrate a method for assessing 1) the reality of the hypothesized problem, 2) proposed solutions, and 3) the most promising areas of future discourse. The conceptual model described herein attempts to simulate general tendency behaviors and is not intended to capture the complete science and technology ecosystem. Instead it is the authors' intent to describe the learning opportunity by first modeling the relevant "whole" system with a very broad brush, and then co-develop with other industry, academic, and government stakeholders, a causal structure which captures the relevant system in more detail. Such a multi-stakeholder co-development modeling process can evolve into an expanded strategic conversation to identify the social and cultural self-imposed constraints that contribute to the declining S&T enterprise. The focus of this discussion is on the report's stated system of engineering education and its role in workforce development and training. Engineering education is herein viewed as a complex system of parts that are hierarchical and interdependent. These include formal educational institutions (e.g. K-12, community college, and post-secondary institutions), as well as vehicles through which informal education is accomplished. As would be the case for any optimized solution space, each component has a role to play. A discussion of these various roles and possible future strategies follows. It is our belief that if collaborate and co-develop a common paradigm and collective observations, we can better coordinate policy action decisions, including the allocation of intellectual and critical resources toward a common national strategy. Introduction We read in the preface to the National Academy of Sciences, et. al.'s report, "Rising Above The Gathering Storm" (hereafter referred to as the "Report."): "The prosperity the United States enjoys today is due in no small part to investments the nation has made in research and development at universities, corporations, and national laboratories P ge 13262.3 over the last 50 years. Recently, however, corporate, government, and national scientific and technical leaders have expressed concern that pressures on the science and technology enterprise could seriously erode this past success and jeopardize future US prosperity. Reflecting this trend is the movement overseas not only of manufacturing jobs but also of jobs in administration, finance, engineering, and research. "...we present ... 4 recommendations and 20 specific actions to implement them. The committee members deeply believe in the fundamental linkage of all the recommendations and their integrity as a coordinated set of policy actions. To emphasize one or neglect another, the members decided, would substantially weaken what should be viewed as a coherent set of highpriority actions to create jobs and enhance the nation's energy supply in an era of globalization" Here we see a problem statement, and a "coordinated set of policy actions" proposed as a solution. The process the report committee used for arriving at these solutions is clear from the major section titles in Chapter 4 (entitled "Method") of the report: 4) Method Review of Literature and Past Committee Recommendations Focus Groups Committee Discussion and Analysis This method, including the many supporting position papers that the Academies' committee solicited from many experts, is a highly qualitative process, and appropriately so, given the uncertainties in this large and complex social system. However, as a Large Scale Systems Integrator (LSSI), Boeing believes that the method can benefit from further analysis to better understand the potential effects of such a set of policy actions. We propose using the feedback loop perspective of system dynamics to better understand both the development over decades of the Gathering Storm problem and potential effects over time of the proposed policies. The feedback perspective is "the realization that tough dynamic problems arise in situations with lots of pressures and perceptions that interact to form loops of circular causality rather than simple one-way causal chains".Indeed, the feedback perspective of System Dynamics has already been used to address policy issues related to the Gathering Storm. As a LSSI, Boeing has used this approach, in concert with other approaches, to address broad social systems involving many stakeholders from multiple U.S. government and multi-national business organizations, as well as stakeholders from multiple internal Boeing organizations around the world. Although taking a feedback perspective on the policies can improve them, we do not believe that the USA should wait to begin implementing the Report's proposed policies. Rather this analysis should be seen as part of the "continuing evaluation and refinement" activity recommended by the Report (page 111). Boeing applies the feedback perspective of System Dynamics, with its origins in controls engineering, to better understand and improve the performance of the social systems involved in the execution of large projects. System Dynamics is both "a perspective and set of conceptual tools that enable us to understand the structure and dynamics of complex systems," and "a rigorous modeling method that enables us to build formal computer simulations of complex P ge 13262.4 systems and use them to design more effective policies and organizations." In this paper we show how the System Dynamics' five-step modeling process (Problem Articulation, Formulation of Dynamic Hypothesis, Formulation of a Simulation Model, Testing, and Policy Design and Evaluation) could be used to test the policy actions proposed by the National Academies to address the Gathering Storm problem. The purpose of such testing is to avoid "policy resistance, the tendency for interventions to be delayed, diluted, or defeated by the response of the system to the intervention itself." This paper is a first step in advocating this process, bounding this "ecosystem," and providing a start on using a collaborative feedback perspective to evaluate the proposed policies. The work should be carried much further, in collaboration among industry, academia, and government. Boeing has a method that we call the Focused Strategic Conversation which could support such collaboration. However; this paper will not address the Focused Strategic Conversation to any great extent, but will instead begin a feedback dynamics analysis of the USA's potential prosperity-security problem as it relates to the USA's science and technology enterprise (STE). This approach also acknowledges, indeed seeks out, valid contrarian views 11 but most writers seem to agree that the problems are real and will threaten the economic position of the US. In this context, the Gathering Storm report serves as a common nucleation point. The authors' intent is to illustrate a collaborative feedback approach that will help us avoid "policy resistance" and will attract a broad spectrum of industry, academia, and government so that together, we can continue this work, either in a collaborative format using the Focused Strategic Conversation or other approaches. Furthermore, this approach supports the view that: until a model is quantified (and compared to data), it remains conjecture. Our research objectives include: 1. The development of a multi-stakeholder model describing the S&T Education process which includes organizational, cultural, business and national policy constraints and their intended and unintended consequence. 2. Develop a holistic "Ecosystem " approach that can be leveraged to model the declining S&T workforces demographic trends 3. Model the domestic and international market forces and understand how these forces are reshaping the nature of S&T Education, collaboration and learning. 4. Develop cause-effect linkages detailing the interdependency between independent societies and model these new societies and economies. 5. Develop policy and measurable actions that will convergence and change in the way we educate our future global engineering workforce. Feedback Dynamics Problem Articulation: Problem articulation is the first step in the feedback dynamics approach. A critical component of problem articulation is defining the problem in terms of its historical development over time, as well as feared and preferred futures over time. Such historical and future developments over time can be seen in the first "Gathering Storm" quote above, and are roughly sketched in Figure 1. Note in the Figure the lags in the response of prosperity to science and technology enterprise


Abstract Active carbons were prepared by the steam activation of a brown coal char. The active carbon with mesopores showed greater adsorption selectivity for asphaltenes. The active carbon was effective at suppressing coke formation, even with the high hydrocracking conversion of vacuum residue. The analysis of the change in the composition of saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes in the cracked residue with conversion demonstrated the ability of active carbon to restrict the transformation of asphaltenes to coke. The active carbon that was richer in mesopores was presumably more effective at providing adsorption sites for the hydrocarbon free-radicals generated initially during thermal cracking to prevent them from coupling and polycondensing.


We introduce a closure concept that turns a claw‐free graph into the line graph of a multigraph while preserving its (non‐)Hamilton‐connectedness. As an application, we show that every 7‐connected claw‐free graph is Hamilton‐connected, and we show that the well‐known conjecture by Matthews and Sumner (every 4‐connected claw‐free graph is hamiltonian) is equivalent with the statement that every 4‐connected claw‐free graph is Hamilton‐connected. Finally, we show a natural way to avoid the non‐uniqueness of a preimage of a line graph of a multigraph, and we prove that the closure operation is, in a sense, best possible. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 66:152‐173, 2011


Lawyers attack the objectivity of data, or perceived lack of it, to impeach expert witnesses whose findings lack psychometric verification and quantitation. A valid theory of knowledge, according to this tactic, would exclude what an evaluee tells us (as self-serving) and how we interpret it (as biased). In my world, the client is paying for experience, the value-added component of the assessment beyond mechanical algorithms. I'm worried that subjectivity has been canceled. Perhaps expert witnesses and attorneys mean different things by objectivity. We usually mean that our data, however derived, have not been influenced by our personal sentiments, that they are impartial. For expert witnesses, the ability to confront explicit and implicit bias must be incorporated into practice and embedded into our attitudes, predispositions, and behavior. A perennial concern in forensic psychiatry, the objectivity problem was observed by Dr. Isaac Rayin his advice to witnesses in 1851: [The expert] is, in form at least, the party's witness, engaged by him, and by him made acquainted with all that he knows respecting the merits of the case. The consequence of such a relation is that he can scarcely help testifying under a bias (Ref. 1, p 57).


We show how the linear " low-density theorem " of Drukarev and Levin can be extended to arbitrary positive integer power of the baryon density ρ. The n th coefficient in the McLaurin expansion of the fermion condensate's ρ dependence is the connected n-nucleon sigma term matrix element. We calculate the O(ρ 2) coefficient in lowest-order perturbative approximation to the linear sigma model and then show how this and other terms can be iterated to arbitrarily high order. Convergence radius of the result is discussed.


The dynamic response of a cylindrical explosion containment vessel with the elliptical cover under four kinds blast loading was studied using explicit finite element code LS-DYNA.The results show that for the ideal structure that only include a cylinder and an elliptical cover,the strain of the points on the plane which across the center of the vessel has become the largest during the initial stage.When adding a certain mass flange on the vessel,the strain growth phenomenon has shown up on the above points.The strain growth and the mass of the flange are the factors that must be considered when designed.


The south areaof Shandong Province is an important base of coal production in China. With the gradual depletion of coal resources, the destruction and abandonment of land in the mining area is very serious, greatly affecting the production and life of people around the mining area. The study of land reclamation and management in mining areas has become extremely urgent. In order to strengthen the reclamation and management of the land in the mining area, this paper, based on the current situation of the surface subsidence and land damage in the mining area of Dongda Coal Mine, and the analysis of the impact on the ecological environment, discusses the methods and measures of land reclamation in the mining area in detail. The findings of the paper will provide important insights into the surface subsidence and land reclamation and management in other mining areas.


This paper will examine the destructive effects of sound/voice on "Macbeth" by taking the standpoint of Macbeth-as-listener, that is, of his receptive ears. I will explore how Macbeth degenerates into a pathological subject by looking at early modern physiological theories, especially with a Galenic medicinal standpoint, about the human ear/hearing and its impact on the brain. More precisely, I will analyze Macbeth's various physical, spiritual, and moral transformations in terms of the interchange between his internal passions and the external sounds. In "Macbeth", then, Shakespeare shows us the fearful result of those unsettled passions made possible by the protagonist's desiring ears, once they have surrendered to the world's tempting voices and words. On the other hand, unable to unburden himself of his fear and grief generated from his acts of murder, Macbeth is suffocated by the heavy "black bile" of the melancholy humor. In this play, evil is conceptualized as a disease, a disease of excessiveness that thickens the blood inside the body and blocks its healthy flow, and gives rise to a monstrous exaggeration, misinterpretation, distortion (as in hallucinations) of what lies outside of us. Thus, what Shakespeare is concerned with in "Macbeth" is not so much with rebellion and murder as it is the Renaissance concept of the self's need to maintain a corporeal equilibrium that balance of the inner passions.


Abstract The Malaysian general elections held on 8 March 2008 proved to be a historic event. For the first time, the political opposition managed to deny the incumbent National Front coalition a two-thirds parliamentary majority. Attempts to explain the opposition coalition's 2008 success have identified new media as a critical factor that turned the tide in the opposition's favour. The purpose of this paper is to better understand the new media factor at the 2008 elections and its immediate aftermath by analysing its role, advantages proffered, and limitations in terms of advancing democratization and greater political openness in Malaysia.


Through the introduction of the present situation of the quality of the farm equipment products and the analysis on the poor quality of the farm equipment products, this paper puts forward two countermeasures for solving the problem of the poor quality of the farm equipment products, one is to improve the quality of the producers, sellers and consumers, the other is to strengthen the management of the governmental administrative departments.


A condensed water recovery deep treatment device is composed of a front filter unit type filter and a back reverse osmosis membrane treatment device, wherein the outlet of the front filer unit type filer is connected with the inlet of the back reverse osmosis membrane treatment device which is provided with a clear water outlet and a muddy water outlet, the muddy water outlet is parallel connected with a discharge valve and is connected with a circulation pump of the front filter unit type filter, the outlet of the front filter unit type filter is connected with the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device via a water inlet valve. The condensed water deep treatment device can remove the solid and ion foreign materials of condensed water, eliminate environment pollution and overcome the defects of traditional condensed water treatment devices.


The present invention provides a technique of manufacturing D-polylactide/natural fiber composite materials by using natural fibers and D-lactide as a monomer and using a tin catalyst. The present technique provides a base technology manufacturing polymer materials derived from a biomass which can replace various petroleum-dependent polymer resins conventionally produced so that development of carbon reducing materials is possible, thereby being expected to improve automobile marketability.


BACKGROUND
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common complications after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) have a higher risk of cardiac surgery-associated AKI (CSA-AKI). A relationship has been strongly suggested between AKI and poor long-term graft survival. The main objective was to evaluate the impact of on-pump cardiac surgery on the 1-year renal allograft survival rate.

METHODS
The study population consisted of 37 RTRs and 56 non-RTRs who underwent cardiac surgery between January 2010 and December 2019. They were matched according to age, sex, preoperative glomerular function, diabetes, and type of surgery. The primary composite outcome was renal survival, defined as patient survival without the requirement for permanent dialysis or new kidney transplantation at 1 year after surgery.

RESULTS
The renal survival rate was significantly lower in the RTR group than in the non-RTR group (81% vs. 96%; OR, 0.16 [95% CI: 0.03-0.82], p = 0.03). The proportion of patients who returned to permanent dialysis was higher in the RTR group than in the non-RTR group (12% vs. 0%; p  =  0.02). The proportion of patients with severe AKI was also higher in the RTR group. At 1 year after surgery, serum creatinine level, glomerular filtration rate and all-cause mortality rates were comparable between both groups.

CONCLUSION
Patients with a functional renal allograft have a low 1-year renal allograft survival rate after cardiac surgery with CPB. In addition, these patients have significant risks of AKI and acute kidney disease after open-heart surgery.


The application of angle-resolved light scattering (ARS) to crystalline semiconductors is reviewed in this article. The possibility of both in situ and ex situ surface structure investigation using ARS is demonstrated. It is shown that the orientation anisotropy, spectral dependence of scattering properties and polarization behaviour may be used to distinguish between topographical and nontopographical scattering.


The effect of ionizing radiation upon polymers results in formation of electret condition [1]. Sometimes it is necessery to define the value of the accumulated charge while it's formed [2].


Objective: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic has raised international concern. Mental health is becoming an issue that cannot be ignored in our fight against it. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and factors linked to anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods: A total of 144 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included in this study. We assessed depression and anxiety symptoms using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and social support using the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) among patients at admission. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Results: Of the 144 participants, 34.72% and 28.47% patients with COVID-19 had symptoms of anxiety or depression, respectively. The bivariate correlations showed that less social support was correlated with more anxious (r=-0.196, p<0.05) and depressive (r=-0.360,p<0.05) symptoms among patients with COVID-19. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender (β=1.446, p=0.034), age (β=0.074, p=0.003), oxygen saturation (β =-2.140, p=0.049), and social support (β =-1.545, p=0.017) were associated with anxiety for COVID-19 patients. Moreover, age (β=0.084, p=0.001), family infection with SARS-CoV-2 (β =1.515, p=0.027) and social support (β =-2.236, p<0.001) were the factors associated with depression. Conclusion: Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 presented features of anxiety and depression. Mental concern and appropriate intervention are essential parts of clinical care for those who are at risk.


Silicon Microstrip Detector (SMD) is a semiconducting detector,it has best spatial resolution,σ= 1.4μm.it has appllied to more experiments of the high energy physics as vertes detector for instance LEP at CERN,BARBA at SLAC,D0 and CDF at Fermilab,HARA,HARB,Zeus and HI ,KEK....In this paper,the basic,structure,working principle and its development apply.


Today, material performance is regarded as one of the richest sources of innovation. Accordingly, architecture is shifting to practices by which the computational generation of form is directly driven by material characteristics. At the same time, there is a growing technological means for the varied composition of material, an extension of the digital chain that foregrounds a new need to engage materials at multiple scales within the design process. Recognising that the process of making materials affords perspectives not available with found materials, this paper reports the design and assembly of the fibre reinforced composite structure Composite Territories, in which the property of bending is activated and varied so as to match solely through material means a desired form. This case study demonstrates how one might extend the geometric model so that it is able to engage and reconcile physical parameters that occur at different scales.


Different alumina (fused, sintered) as well as aluminium silicate raw materials (chamotte, mullite, bauxite, andalusite) were used as aggregates and partly as fillers for the preparation of low cement castables. Aim of our investigations was the effect of different compositions as well as impurity levels in the aggregates, but especially in the matrix of the castables on the thermo-mechanical properties of the products. The results obtained by characterising these materials especially with respect to refractoriness under load (RuL) but also to thermal shock behaviour and creep in compression (CiC) showed some interesting effects. Besides others the intermediate softening and re-stabilisation reactions observable within the course of the RuL were in focus of our investigations. In case of e.g. castables based on mullite aggregates a slightly higher thermal stability was found for raw materials with only 47% alumina in comparison to aggregates on base of a 70% Al2O3 product. This was surprising since the higher alumina content was expected to lead to a better performance. For alumina castables a higher RuL could be proved for a composition on base of fused product in comparison to sintered alumina. Both effects are obviously related to the sodium present as an impurity in the raw materials. Nevertheless not only the absolute value is important but also the availability for the reactions occurring at high temperature. Therefore especially attention was turned to the investigation of the reasons for the unexpected behaviour of the relevant castable compositions. For this, analytical techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction in combination with a heating chamber (HT-XRD) were used. Interesting connections between matrix compositions and the behaviour of the castables could be detected, giving some insights on the course of high temperature reactions within the different investigated materials. INTRODUCTION It is well known that the aggregates used within a refractory composition significantly influence the whole performance of the product during installation and application [1, 2]. Therefore we investigated the influence of different types of raw materials especially with respect to the hot properties of LCC mixtures. On two examples – mullite and pure alumina raw materials – some interesting connections between the chemical and mineralogical composition and the hot properties (RuL, CiC and thermal shock behaviour) were observed. Although the RuL is a very common method for the characterisation of refractory castables only few publications can be found dealing with the connections between the course of the RuL and its chemical / mineralogical background. Additionally also the creep behaviour is usually influenced by the same mechanisms as the RuL. Even the thermal shock resistance might be influenced by the chemical / mineralogical composition because they are determining the thermal expansion and the amount of glassy phase solidifying within the structure during cooling down. Nevertheless, there are other influences too like bending strength, thermal conductivity, size and shape of the sample [3]. For refractories of the system Al2O3-SiO2 the mullite formation within the bonding matrix is of essential importance for the thermo-mechanical behaviour. Especially for low cement (LCC) and ultralow cement castables (ULCC) the mullitisation is of certain interest since microsilica is often used as matrix component in order to improve the flowability and thus, to reduce the water demand and subsequently the porosity. To avoid a coeval negative impact on the high temperature properties also reactive alumina is added for the high temperature reaction to mullite. Thus, besides the raw material itself, there is an additional source for the mullitisation coming from the matrix components. For castables on base of pure alumina raw materials, the addition of microsilica is often avoided due to a negative impact on the hot properties. Therefore the RuL, creep and thermal shock behaviour might be more influenced by different parameter, especially the impurity level [4]. RAW MATERIAL CHARACTERISATION In a first step the raw materials used as aggregates were characterized by XRF and XRD regarding their chemical and mineralogical composition. The results are shown in tab. 1. Tab. 1: Chemical and mineralogical composition of the mullite and alumina raw materials Component [%] M I M II A I A II Al2O3 47,83 72,40 99,49 99,58 Fe2O3 0,73 1,20 0,06 0,06


Find information specific to the Vermont Campus Library The library will have a different theme for each month, and include items from our collection!


Mixed-critical systems consist of applications with different criticality. In these systems, different confidence levels of Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) estimations are used. Dual criticality systems use a less pessimistic, but with lower level of assurance, WCET estimation, and a safe, but pessimistic, WCET estimation. Initially, both high and low criticality tasks are executed. When a high criticality task exceeds its less pessimistic WCET, the system switches mode and low criticality tasks are usually dropped, reducing the overall system Quality of Service (QoS). To postpone mode switch, and thus, improve QoS, existing approaches explore the slack, created dynamically, when the actual execution of a task is faster than its WCET. However, existing approaches observe this slack only after the task has finished execution. To enhance dynamic slack exploitation, we propose a fine-grained approach that is able to expose the slack during the progress of a task, and safely uses it to postpone mode switch. The evaluation results show that the proposed approach has lower cost and achieves significant improvements in avoiding mode-switch, compared to existing approaches.


"We are 'planners' today, although very different in character." Michal Kalecki "Perhaps some people have been sceptical of Kalecki's contribution to the history of economic theory because he did not demand recognition himself. Such dignified behaviour is rare in this degenerate age." Joan Robinson


The research conducted by Marwanto and Patabang, Lewi was aimed to examine the judicial review strategy "Hollywood Square" application in the process of both the cost classification and cost accounting system in odd semester 2016/2017.Datan obtainedn wasn fromn then participationn ofn then semestern IIIn studentsn ofn Accountingn Departmentn Samarindan State Polytechnic.n The result showed that the students' learning performance increased in every cycle. The pre-test results was 0% of minimum score 71 but pst-test result was 75.53%. The observation result about the lecturer skill in managing the learning with the Judicial Review Strategy "Hollywood Square" with range 1 -4 showed Good Score with the average cycle I and cycle II as much as 3.5. Moreover, the student interest, the activity as well as the teamwork in the learning process wi th range 1-4 was Good (3.58). The score was the average of all observed aspects in these two cycle.The word keys: evaluation, comprehension, Hollywood Square


The Study aimed to identify the females' crimes committed by delinquent adolescents who are kept in the Rehabilitation and Education and Welfare of Girls Center in Jordan. The study attempted to identify the causes of the delinquent girls as well as the social and economic characteristic of the delinquent girls.
The research-worker was used comprehensive social survey method, which included all (51) inmate girls held in the Rehabilitation and Education and Welfare of Girls Centers of the Ministry of Social Development. All girls were convicted and sentenced. The Study reached the following results: Age group (16-18) occupied the first rank in the number of delinquent females. The basic level was the highest educational level of the delinquent girls. Theft, mistrust, harm, drugs, murder, kidnapping, and various behavioral cases were the most frequent offences and crimes committed by these girls. The study concluded that illiteracy, wrongful socialization, family disrupts, poverty, unemployment, peers are the main causes of the delinquent girls in Jordan.


Neuronal mechanisms of error processing under multitasking and their impact on the processing of a concurrent task were examined. Twenty-one younger and twenty older healthy adults performed a visual-motor flanker task or an auditory-vocal semantic task or both tasks simultaneously. During task performance the electroencephalogram (EEG) was continuously recorded. The event-related potential (ERP) was derived from the EEG, and ERP components associated with error processing (Ne and Pe) and semantic processing (N400) were analyzed. Older participants responded more slowly than younger ones in the flanker task regardless of the multitasking condition, while accuracy was equal in both groups. In the flanker task, multitasking led to an increase of error rates, a reduction of reaction times, and a disappearance of post-error slowing (PES). Error detection (Ne) was delayed and error awareness (Pe) attenuated in the single flanker task relative to the multitasking condition. In the semantic task, multitasking led to an increase of reaction times and a delay of the N400 in particular when an error in the flanker task occurred. First, these results indicate that multitasking impaired error processing, in particular conscious error perception (Pe) and abolished post-error adjustments of performance (PES) which may have resulted in a more risky response tendency in the flanker task. Second, multitasking impaired semantic processing, in particular after an error in the concurrent flanker task. Hence, multitasking compromised error processing and error prevention in one of the tasks, and semantic processing in the other task. Consequently, multitasking should be avoided at workplaces with error-prone job assignments or where poor understanding of communication may have serious consequences.


Value priorities and educational value patterns are explored in respect to university students' active membership to religious and political groups. The sample was 117 students of the University of Athens, Greece, with 39 of them being active members of Christian Orthodox religious groups, 34 active members of political groups or unions, and 44 students acting as the 'control' group, since they were not members of such religious or political groups. Group membership—religious or political—was found to be associated with the systems of value priorities and educational values, with specific value combinations differentiating between religious group membership and political group membership.


The invention provides a technique for comprehensively utilizing high-iron aluminum containing materials. The technique mainly comprises the following steps of: (1) adding industrial soda ash, quicklime and coal dust to the high-iron aluminum containing materials and finely grinding a mixture; (2) sintering well mixed burden; (3) adopting sodium aluminate adjusting liquid to wet-grind, dissolve, separate and wash sintered clinker so as to recover alumina; (4) magnetically separating and recovering iron. The technique can efficiently and economically treat a large amount of high-iron Bayer-process red mud which is piled up and output every year in China, as well as high-iron and high-silicon bauxite resources which are rich in reserves and can not be economically treated by the prior technique. The technique has the advantages that the technique is high in the rate of recovering iron, aluminum and alkali; efflux slag is small in amount and easy to handle; and the technique has obvious social environmental benefit and economic benefit.


One of the government's programs for creating an environmentally friendly market is to build a decent market for traders. However, relocating traders always creates conflicts between traders and the government, like the conflict between market traders and the government and PD Bina Usaha as the manager of the Geudong Inpres market, Samudera Sub-district, North Aceh Regency. This fact is interesting to study as there was a high intensity of conflict between traders and the government regarding the relocation. This study aims (1) Finding the root causes of the conflict between traders and PD Bina Usaha, (2) Finding the form of resolution that was carried out between the traders and PD Bina Usaha in Geudong North Aceh. This study used qualitative methods. The data was obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation collection as supporting data. The results of this study indicate that, first, the domination of power in development has created a vertical conflict between the North Aceh Regency Government and PD. Bina Usaha with traditional Geudong market traders where the domination of power raises acts of resistance from traders. This study describes the forms of conflict and the factors that cause conflict. Second, the conflicts that occurred at the Geudong Impres Market, Samudera Sub-district, North Aceh Regency were in the form of closed conflicts and open conflicts where traders felt disappointed because the demolition process was not considered fair. The factors behind the conflict included the domination of power that occurred in making policies that did not benefit the Geudong Impres market traders or policies that were not participatory. Third, the district government carried out the repression with the help of security forces and local thugs. Acts of violence accompanied the acts of repression carried out by the security forces. The beatings were carried out by the North Aceh Civil Service Police Unit, while the North Aceh regional police carried out the beatings and arrests during a demonstration by traders and the forced demolition of the Geudong market stall. Meanwhile, fragmentation and intimidation were aimed at traffickers, both individually and as a group, through thugs. Personally, the traders were threatened with telephone calls, anonymous letters, bribes, and pitted traders against each other.


Australia has a successful history of recycling kerbside collected municipal metal, plastic and paper. The progressive implementation of many garden waste collection and diversion programs has also furthered a reputation for high municipal waste recycling


Currently, a work breakdown structure ( WBS) approach is used as the most common cost estimation approach for online course production projects. To improve the practice of cost estimation, this paper proposes a novel framework to estimate the cost for online course production projects using a JOUR-based reasoning ( CBR) technique and a WBS. A prototype was developed to illustrate the effectiveness of the framework. Preliminary results suggest that the combined approach of using CBR and WBS is preferred and enables project managers to generate reasonable estimates for online course production projects more efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]


In the last decade the pathological relationships with the Variability of the Heart Rhythm (VRC) has been proven, but it has not been proven that this phenomenon can show in similar form in the rest of the organs. The first practical applications of the variability of the internal organs rhythms are presented whose discreet signs are measured in points of Acupuncture and they are documented and they interpret the relationships among the Variability, the Dimension of Information and the sick person clinical state. The device Megaatest is described, the Bimet System, the method used for the mensuration and the analysis of the obtained data and the results are valued according to the clinical controls records.


A series of composites of Polyaniline (PANI) and Polybenzobisoxazole (PBO) nanocomposites were prepared with different PANI compositions. The methanesulfonic acid (MSA) was used as dopant and solvent. The structures and morphology of the obtained nanocomposites were fully characterized by FT-IR, TGA, SEM and TEM. The effect of mass fractions of PANI, temperature and frequency on the dielectric property was studied. The PANI exhibited highly homogeneous dispersion in PBO matrix. The dielectric constants of the composites increased with PANI content and the testing temperature and decreased with frequency.


Even as I offer a potentially unfair critique, wanting academics to write in a way they chose not to write, I do so in the belief that we must give the subject the verbal space it needs to further evolve. Together, these essays open an important avenue for Early American Studies. With a consistency and breadth seldom found in an edited collection, this volume offers a convincing case for how and what we study. The essays address key moral concerns, from decolonization to immigration to racial reconciliation, and provide guideposts for how we may explore a new body of texts. The geographic and cultural diversity illustrate, as well, that we no longer have the need to fall back on stock regions, themes, or canonical formations. Rex and Watson have opened an invitation for anyone who teaches courses in early American literature to head out to their closest landmark, apply the same tools we use for traditional analysis, and engage our students in this continued renegotiation of a still-unwritten past. In a word, this book is a trip.


A description of the current state of sports pre-hospital immediate care training for pitchside doctors and physiotherapists in the United Kingdom. The background and development of such courses is covered, as are the major skills and revalidation procedures. Course credibility through professional regulation and instructor selection is discussed, as are the differences between the sports pre-hospital courses and traditional in-hospital resuscitation and trauma courses. Official policy from the Faculty of Sports and Exercise Medicine in the UK is considered and recommendations for change suggested.


The purpose of this article is to investigate the influences of posting one's purchases on the content creator's happiness attained from the purchases. A survey (n=207) was conducted on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Multiple regression and floodlight analysis were utilized to examine the data, which show that posting purchases on social media as a new way of self-presentation interplays with self-esteem in influencing consumers' happiness obtained from the posted purchases. Specifically, posting behavior increases the happiness among consumers with higher self-esteem, but has no effects on consumers with lower self-esteem. This article fills the gap among literature about the influences of the different self-presentation styles caused by self- esteem, and advances our understanding of how social media usage differently influences consumers with higher and lower self-esteem. This research also provides novel insights into the role of self-presentation in consumers' happiness from purchases and the affective benefits of creating user-generated content. This article is pioneering in investigating the behavior of posting purchases on social media. It is the first research revealing the complicated interaction between the behavior and the content creators' self-esteem in influencing happiness obtained from the purchases.


The character generator is the heart of any cathode ray tube display system. The types of generators in common use are the dot matrix generator, the raster scan generator, and the linear stroke generator. Each of these generators produces symbols whose legibility is somewhat compromised. A curvilinear generator is suggested which provides improved appearance and greater legibility. A prototype unit was constructed and the results are compared with the other generators. The curvilinear generator provides the best character resolution and readability of the generator types discussed.


This study is purposed to recreate and vitalize the crematory facilities, which embrace lots of problems such as conflict among the regions, recognition of the residents, use convenience and etc, in the affirmative image through the space design by introduction of the natural factor being familiar to the human being. By analyzing the cases of the crematory facilities set up within the extent, the varied space expressions including the various backgrounds, such as social, cultural and economic aspect based on the toilet system of each country, can be noticed. The study shall be executed on the fact that through such analysis, what natural factor has been introduced in the crematory facilities trying to form the affirmative image by the space form, which the natural factor has been introduced through the space composition and etc, being symbolically and distictively expressed per nation and per facility in the crematory facilities, and what space model has been formed through such factor. This study can anticipate the expected effect in various aspects such as social/cultural recognition, economic aspect and etc. from the settlement of the conflict among the regional residents and increase of the cremation rate through the crematory facilities being succeeded in the affirmative image formation through introduction of the natural factor.


Abstract. Due to increased concerns regarding air pollutants emitted from shipping, feasible technology for the surveillance of these pollutants is in high demand. Here, we
present shore-based multi-axis differential optical absorption
spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of SO2 and NO2 emitted from
ships under different traffic conditions in China's ship emission control
areas (ECAs) in Shanghai and Shenzhen, China. Three typical measurement sites
were selected in these two regions to represent the following emission scenarios: ships
docked at berth, ships navigating in an inland waterway and inbound/outbound ships in
a deep-water port. Using 2-D scanning, the observations show that
SO2 and NO2 hot spots can be quickly and easily located from
multiple berths. Although MAX-DOAS measurements can not distinguish
plumes from specific ships in the busy shipping lanes of the inland waterway area, they
certify that variations in the SO2 and NO2 levels are mainly
impacted by the ship traffic density and the atmospheric dispersion conditions.
In the open water area, which has a lower vessel density, MAX-DOAS
measurements can capture the pulse signal of ship-emitted SO2 and
NO2 very well; they can also characterize the peak's altitude and the insistent
duration of the individual ship plumes. Combined with the ship activity data, information on the rated power of the engine and the fuel sulfur content, it was
found that the SO2∕NO2 ratio in a single plume is usually low
(< 1.5) for inbound vessels due to the usage of the auxiliary engine, which has
less power and uses "clean" fuel with a low sulfur content. Thus, an unexpectedly
high SO2∕NO2 ratio implies the use of fuel with a sulfur content
exceeding the regulation limits. Therefore, the observed SO2∕NO2
ratio in the plume of a single ship can be used as an index to indicate
compliance (or noncompliance) with respect to the fuel sulfur content, and the suspicious ship can then be flagged for
further enforcement. Combining the ship emissions estimated by actual
operation parameters and the logical sulfur content, shore-based MAX-DOAS
measurements will provide a fast and more accurate way to surveil
ship emissions.


Abstract A scheme is proposed which permits the quantitative assay of seven different heavy metal species in natural waters. The concentration of each species is calculated from measurements using anodic stripping voltammetry of labile and total metal in samples which were (a) untreated, (b) u.v. irradiated, (c) passed through a chelating resin column, and (d) u.v. irradiated then passed through a chelating resin column. The scheme was applied to the analysis of Cd, Pb and Cu in seawater.


Safety is of course a vital human need and although it is not a right expressed by the legislator directly in the Constitution, the Basic Law treats about safety several times in different contexts and meanings. Through the prism of the use of direct coercive measures and firearms, safety is seen in two ways. On the one hand there are measures factors for ensuring public safety and order, on the other hand their use in fundamental breach of personal security of individuals. These goods, collective and individual, should be balanced in such way that security as a human right is protected and respected in a democratic state ruled by law.


Objective: The aim of this study is to figure out the presence or absence of human intent and to classify informational intent by analyzing eye movement information. Background: A Human being usually has intent that is an idea or plan to do something. In this topic, research for web query intent is dominated. But recently, intent study is proceeded in various fields like driver intent, detecting intent etc. Method: Experiment 1 verifies that intent is present or absent by using eye tracker and intent tasks that arousing intent or not. In Experiment 2, informational intent is divided into cognitive intent and affective intent. And the eye movement patterns are compared in each condition by using eye tracker and tasks that arousing intent. Results: The result of experiment 1 shows significant differences in average fixation duration, average pupil size under the condition of presence of human intent. And experiment 2 reveals significant differences between cognitive intent and affective intent in average fixation count, average fixation duration, average pupil size. Also, the time to complete cognitive and affective intent tasks shows significant differences. And the front part of entire stimulus presentation time proves significant differences between cognitive and affective intent condition in average fixation count and duration, but the later part doesn't show significant differences. Conclusion: This paper can offer differences in eye movement patterns under human intent condition. And it is useful to verify human intent. Application: This study demonstrates the method to figure out human intent by using eye movement patterns, so that it is helpful to use more conveniently and correctly a computer or machine in HCI and HMI environment.


ABSTRACT The liquid fuel gasification to obtain a clean flue gas for power generation and produce chemicals such as methanol is a most promising attempt to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants. In this paper, an equilibrium model of liquid fuel gasification was developed by the method of Gibbs free energy minimization. Two kinds of catalysts: Ni/CeO2/Al2O3 and Ni/Al2O3 were used to explore the influence of catalysts and operating conditions on hydrogen yield and char conversion. Over the ranges of operating conditions studied, the maximum hydrogen yield reached 52.47 vol%, whereas the char conversion varied between 45.2% and 98.5%. The results indicated that an appropriate reaction temperature is favorable for higher hydrogen production and char conversion. The model was validated with experimental data obtained from a fluidized bed gasifier.


We report several experiments directed at the ability of humans to perceive the spatial orientation of occluded objects, to position an occluded limb relative to targets or directions in the environment, and to match the spatial orientations of occluded contralateral limbs. Results suggest that each of these abilities is lied to the inertial eigenvectors of each object or limb, which correspond to the object's or limb's principal axes of rotational inertia. Discussion focuses on the dynamic nature of proprioception, the importance of physical invariants for perception, and the relation of invariants to hypothesized frames of reference for proprioception and motor control. It is suggested that the detection of invariants revealed through movement is a major mechanism in kinesthetic perception involving intact limbs, neuropathic or anesthetized limbs, prosthetic devices, and hand-held tools and implements. The inertia tensor is identified as one such invariant.


Pectus Excavatum is one of the most frequent deformations of the chest wall, diagnose and surgical treatment mainly in pediatric patients (1:300 - 1:1000 live births). More often in men than in women, the etiology of this disease is not entirely clear, probably multifactorial. The aim of the study was to analyze the current literature regarding the surgical treatment of pectus excavatum and to indicate new treatment options. For the purpose of this study, we analyzed the current papers on pectus excavatum found in the PubMed database. of both methods and advantages of this way for the patients. The new possibilities concern not only the surgical techniques itself, but also the new technical possibilities used in surgery. Nowadays, the scientific focuses on improving currently used methods by reducing operational risk, shortening the time of surgery, and thus improving patient safety and, of course, improving its quality of living. Most likely, with the development of technology, further options will be adapted to the treatment of Pectus Excavatum.


By testing fabric extraction properties, the PhabrOmeter Fabric Evaluation System offers the potential for routine objective evaluation of fabric handle. In this paper, a series of simple linear models has been developed using fabric extraction curve data for a series of lightweight next-to-skin knitted wool fabrics. These models predict eight fabric handle characteristics: overall handle, rough–smooth, hard–soft, loose–tight, heavy–light, hairy–clean, warm–cool and greasy–dry. The models were validated using an independent set of fabrics. The prediction precision of the models is significantly better than the precision of an experienced individual assessor.


Man achieved flight by studying how birds fly, and yet the solution that engineers came up with (jet planes) is very different from the one birds apply. In this paper I review a number of efforts in automated story telling and poetry generation, identifying which human abilities are being modelled in each case. In an analogy to the classic example of bird-flight and jet planes, I explore how the computational models relate to (the little we know about) human performance, what the similarities are between the case for linguistic creativity and the case for flight, and what the analogy might have to say about artificial linguistic creativity if it were valid.


: The spatiotemporal variations of water vapor budget (Bt) and their relationships with local precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are critical for understanding the characteristics of spatial distributions and evolutions of water resources over the TP. Based on a boundary of the TP, this paper explored the spatiotemporal characteristics of Bt over the TP using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts interim (ERA-Interim) reanalysis datasets. On the climatological mean, the TP is a water vapor sink throughout four seasons and the seasonal variation of Bt is closely associated with the water vapor budget at the southern boundary of the TP. The transient water vapor transport is quasi-meridional in the mid- and high-latitude areas and plays a leading role in winter Bt but contributes little in other seasons. At the interannual timescale, the variation of Bt is mainly determined by anomalous water vapor transports at the western and southern boundaries. The Bay of Bengal, the North Arabian Sea, and mid-latitude West Asia are the main sources of excessive water vapor for a wetter TP. At the southern and western boundaries, the transient water vapor budget regulates one-third to four-fifths of Bt anomalies. Moreover, the variability of the TP Bt is closely associated with precipitation over the central-southern and southeastern parts of the TP in summer and winter, which is attributed to the combined effect of the stationary and transient water vapor budgets. Given the role of the transient water vapor transport, the linkage between the TP Bt and local precipitation is tighter.


Sex scandals of various forms have occurred throughout history and they are grist for the media mill. For example, Alexander Hamilton tarnished his political career in 1796 with an extramarital affair and Stephen Grover Cleveland paid child support to Maria Crofts Halpin for a child born out of wedlock when he was a bachelor, although he was elected to the U.S. presidency despite this public knowledge (Summers, 2000). Why, then, are some politicians forced to resign in disgrace while others continue in their positions and go on to have successful political careers? Why are some powerful leaders able to have extra-marital affairs that become public and continue to stay in office whereas others are forced resign when they text suggestive self-portraits? The present paper explores these issues in order to offer insight into how leaders respond to allegations of personal unethical behavior and how those responses influence career outcomes.


Peebles equally makes clear that while it was the disintegration of naval building after 1921which in large part precipitated the financial crisis in Clyde shipbuilding between 1929 and 1934, the merchant work available was incapable of producing profitable returns. Consequently he suggests that a large part of the merchant capacity of the Clyde would have been extinguished by the end of the 19308 if naval building had not revived. This prediction is undoubtedly correct, but Peebles' analysis clearly sees this as a mark in favour of the influence of warshipbuilding on the Clyde. It mightbe argued, however, that the 19208 and 19308 witnessed a significant shift and restructuring in world shipbuilding capacity and competitiveness and, in spite of this, Clyde shipbuilding adjusted only modestly. Rationalisation on Clydeside was, therefore, more limited than say in the North East of England, because on Clydeside the warshipbuilding injection supported and sustained a continuing distortion of the Clydeside capacity. Whether this was good or bad in the longer term is open to debate. That such questions arise indicate the openness and quality of Peebles' analysis. In a relatively short text he has made a major corrective contribution to our understanding of the economic history of Clyde shipbuilding. His work deserves the widest readership, while his tabulations, both in the appendices in this volume, and in his thesis, are a marvellous mine for other researchers. It is a pity that the quality of the publication does not live up to the quality of thewriting and research. John Donald have been niggardly in their production, and not a single illustration from the rich photographic archive available enlivens this production. The author deserved better.


Purpose – The purpose of this study is to reveal the entrepreneurial and innovative behavior tendencies and skills of Y and Z generations based on experiences and perceptions, and to provide an understanding of the problems these generations face while collaborating and the needs necessary for their cooperation.
Methodology– In order to obtain in-depth information about the subject, the qualitative research method was used in the research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the entrepreneur mentors of Ege University Technopolis and the entrepreneurs in the technopolis. The sample consists of 8 people in total. The data were analyzed with descriptive and content analysis.
Findings – The expressions of the participants were evaluated under the themes of entrepreneurship and innovation skills of the Z generation and the entrepreneurship and innovation perceptions of the Y generation, which emerged as a result of the analysis. Entrepreneurship and innovation skills for the Z generation; being a researcher, being aware of what one wants, agility, social relations, being able to offer different suggestions, self-confidence, being open-minded, being open to learning, being result-oriented, being proactive, taking risks, having business management knowledge. For the perception of entrepreneurship and innovation of the Y generation; commercial perception, innovation barriers, time, scaling, realism, and result-oriented qualities came to the fore.
Conclusion – Entrepreneurship is often defined in terms of risk taking, self-confidence and proactive behavior. These general behavior patterns are not well understood in entrepreneurship and innovation surveys. There are many more factors to be discovered for scaling these concepts. In this study, it was revealed that in order to be an entrepreneur, it is necessary to be innovative first, and being innovative is related to openness to learning and frequency of experimentation in addition to general behavior patterns.

Keywords: Innovative work behavior, entrepreneural behavior, entrepreneurship, innovation.
JEL Codes: M10, O30, L26


The young teachers are the fresh forces of teaching and educating in colleges and universities,whose teachers' moral condition directly affects our quality of higher education and the quality of talents training.At present,young teachers in colleges and universities have some problems which attract our attention increasing such as the weak political sense,not so strong dedicated professional consciousness and lack of exemplary role and etc.Through analyzing the causes of these problems,this paper finds the countermeasures and ways of addressing these issues for future development of colleges and universities,which has important practical significance.


The utility model relates to a PE film breathable medical adhesive tape comprising a base material PE film and a hot-melt adhesive layer coated on the inner surface of the base material. The PE film is evenly provided with air holes, among which is coated the hot-melt adhesive layer. The base material provided in the utility model is designed to be the PE film, which has a good elasticity. The PE film is provided with air holes, among which is coated the hot-melt adhesive layer. The breathability of the medical adhesive tape can be greatly improved, thereby the skin can still keep clean and breathable, when the adhesive tape is attached to the skin, meanwhile the adhesive force can not be reduced. Because the contact surface of the hot-melt adhesive layer and the skin is reduced, the allergic phenomenon can be reduced.


Wireless Communication Technologies hascompletely revolutionized the world. Wireless CommunicationTechnologies provide ease to the users such as portability of thedevices and mobile access to the internet. These portable wirelessdevices include PDAs, laptops, smart phones etc. offers somevaluable features. These features include accessing the e-mails,SMS, MMS, calendars, addresses, phone numbers list and theinternet. These entire devices store large amount of data and theirwireless connection to network spectrum exhibit them asimportant source of computing. These devices are alwaysvulnerable to attacks. Mobile devices are the new frontier forviruses, spam and other potential security threats. All theseviruses, spam, Trojans and worms are out there in our vicinity togain access to our personal data. This research aims to analyze thethreats of viruses in the wireless communication systems andsecurity including their role in the service outbreak, laying downthe possible scenarios and also identifying possible remedies.


Researchers of various fields have always been interested in devising a fault-proof method for the prediction of stock market. Extensive research has been done using Machine Learning Algorithms like SVM, to successfully predict the stock activity in the market using machine learning algorithms mainly Support Vector Machine (SVM). In this paper a scenario in which a portfolio trading strategy is formulated using machine learning algorithms. The strategy will be considered profitable by judging its ability to identify stock indices accurately and consistently, proposing positive or negative returns and in the end it should use a learned model to produce a preferred portfolio allocation. Some of the Technical Indicators like Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) and different data clustering techniques are used as input to train the system. The learned model is constructed as weighted support vector machine (SVM) classifier, Relevance Vector Machine, random forest classifiers and Multiple Layer Perceptron (MPL). The decision value would be chosen using a majority voting mechanism. The ensemble learning is augmented by a boosting meta-algorithm and feature selection is performed by a supervised Relief algorithm. Stocks listed in Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) in Turkey are used to evaluate the performance of the system. A comparison of results obtained using ensemble committee and those using other approaches would show that the ensemble approach has a lower error rate and generates fewer but compact rules.


This research seeks to identify employee's profiles characterized by distinct perceptions of three sources of social support at work (i.e., organization, supervisor, and colleagues), and the extent to which these profiles generalize across two samples of workers (N = 185 and 387). This research also investigates the associations between the profiles and a series of outcomes. Latent profile analysis revealed five identical profiles in both samples: 1moderately supported; 2isolated; 3supervisor supported; 4weakly supported; and 5highly supported. The most desirable outcomes (job satisfaction, performance, and affective commitment) were associated with Profile 5 (highly supported), while the highest levels of emotional exhaustion were observed in Profile 2 (isolated).


Housing affordability is a key concern of an ever-larger fraction of UK voters who are crammed into artificially limited space. At the same time, a lot of wealth lies in housing assets and there are many vested interests in keeping things this way, such as current homeowners and private landlords. Substantive reforms could solve the housing crisis, but politicians of all stripes back away from such reforms out of fear of being demonised by the vested interests. Instead, proposed policies tend to tackle the symptoms - rather than the causes - of the UK's housing affordability crisis.


Cp2ZrEt2 reacted with one equiv of Cp2ZrX2 (X = Cl or Br) in THF to afford ethylene-bridged bimetallic zirconocene complexes, (Cp2ZrX)2(CH2CH2) (X = Cl (2a), or Br (2b)), in high yields. The structure of 2b was determined by X-ray analysis. Reactions of 2a–b with various anions Y− gave a series of ethylene-bridged bimetallic zirconocene complexes, (Cp2ZrY)2(CH2CH2) (Y = Ph, Me, Bu, CH2SiMe3) in good to high yields.


Background: Despite the efforts to protect children around the world, child abuse and neglect remain serious and global problems. In Palestine, child abuse is hidden under the community culture, does not appear in the Ministry of Health official reports, and little is known about nurses' perceptions towards this phenomenon. Objectives: To identify nurses' perceptions about child abuse definition, whether they faced such cases during their work, and how they managed them. Methods: Data were collected using descriptive survey (exploratory) approach. A total of 84 nurses from a major hospital in Ramallah city in Palestine were surveyed. Results: Only 33% of the participants intend to use referral system in co-operation with the Ministry of Social Affairs, child protection organizations, or the police in Palestine to deal with child abuse cases. The most seen abuse case was neglect (79%), followed by psychological abuse (61%), then physical abuse (57%) and the least seen was sexual abuse (27%). Conclusion: Most of the participants do not know how to deal with child abuse effectively. This research provides baseline information for understanding nurses' practice in the ground, and it helps in presenting the appropriate conditions that enable nurses to fully practice their role toward such cases.


This volume presents the work of Utamaro, the master ukiyo-e portraitist of women. It includes colour reproductions from 'Ten Studies of Female Physiognomy' and 'Great Love Themes of Classical Poetry'. Who was the man behind the pseudonym 'Utamaro'? We know that he was one of the greatest artists of eighteenth-century Japan, and that he was a master portraitist of women in the woodblock-print tradition known as ukiyo-e. But as for the man himself, we know almost nothing. The little there is-gleaned from contemporary books, miscellaneous writings, temple registers-is


This study aims to describe the effects of radical prostatectomy (RP) on bladder function by performing a systematic review of urodynamics study findings before and after RP.


The activities in the pharmaceutical industry are classified as large producers of wastewater with high and varied refractory organic compounds content. Wastewater resulting from drug plants are toxic, have intense color and unpleasant odor. In this work we aimed to establish the electrocoagulation process performances in the treatment of a pharmaceutical industry real wastewaters having a high content of organic matter and strongly colored (Indigo Carmine), and also to establish the optimal conditions in order to ensure the highest degree of purification with acceptable costs.


Speed monitoring displays (i.e., speed trailers) have been evaluated in many states for reducing vehicular speeds in work zones. This study evaluated the enhancements to speed trailers regarding message size, the use of flashing, and the presence of more than one speed trailer in work zones. Field tests were conducted at two sites in the Las Vegas, Nevada, area, and traffic data were collected for statistical analysis. Regression models were developed to estimate the speeding likelihood and vehicle speeds on the basis of the free-flow speed data. The results indicated that the size of displayed messages and the use of flashing did show significant impact on speeding likelihood and speed reduction for vehicles in work zones. The extent of the impact varied for vehicle classification, the lanes they were operating in, and the day or night in which they were deployed. This study recommended larger message size and the use of flashing signs for speed trailers. More than one speed trailer was recommended for additional speed reduction.


The production of high density and concentrated detergent powders is described by considering the processing problem relevant to the modern «compact » powders. The process description and the main features of some critical equipment are introduced by dealing with the product classification criteria, either from the point of view of the chemical composition and the typology of process which are potentially suitable and/or applicable for the concerned purpose. The NTD plant performances are emphasized with particular mention to the advantages afforded by the same, in the outlook of the ongoing formulation and marketing trend, that clearly indicate a growing importance and market share for «compact» detergent powders


The main objective of this paper is to achieve a comparative study between two and three-level converters used in transformerless grid connected two-stage photovoltaic systems. For this purpose, a numerical model of the conversion system has been implemented in Matlab/Simulink software. It consists of a PV array feeding a DC/DC converter as well as a three-phase voltage source converter that ensures the power transfer to the grid through a line inductor. The simulation results showed that the three-level voltage source converter has better performance than the two-level topology in terms of line current harmonic distortion (THD) as well as the line inductor's volume.


Edition culture is a kind of cultural phenomenon.The transcript by Wu Kuan corroborates the styles and features of Chinese ancient clerisies in collecting books because of fairness and decent-ness in its format,elegancy in its font,and traces in collecting books in various places.


The concept of Chinese literalure history of the Theory of the Uevelopment of human Nature thinks,in China,human nature develops,and Chinese literature is the reflection of the devess of progress and improvement,and so does the Chinese literature, Neither des this opinion neglect the difference betueen literary history and the develo-phunt of the society. nor doss it neglect the unique aesthetic charactor and Hluence of Chinese literature.


The third of three SGN projects scheduled to take place in the Burnside area is now underway but phase two being revisited


OBJECTIVE To detect the T lymphocyte subsets,such as the relative percentage content of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and the ratio of CD4+/8+ in Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infected chronic gastritis patients,so as to explore its correlation with the chronic gastritis and clinical value.METHODS The relative percentage content of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ in 98 chronic gastritis patients and 46 normal controls were detected by flow cytometry.The rapid urease and 14C urea breathe test were used to detect Hp.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the relative percentage content of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and the ratio of CD4+/8+ in chronic gastritis patients was significantly decreased.Compared with Hp negative group,the relative percentage content of CD3+ in Hp positive group was significantly decreased.Compared with mild chronic gastritis group,the relative percentage content of CD3+ in the moderate group and severe group were significantly decreased,the relative percentage content of CD4+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in severe group showed significantly decreased.Compared with the moderate group,the percentage content of CD3+ in the mild group was significantly increased.The relative percentage of CD3+,CD4+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in the severe group were significantly decreased.CONCLUSION The patients with chronic gastritis show a certain disorder of T lymphocytes subsets,which may be associated with its involving in immune response process of chronic gastritis.


In this work pure and lanthanum doped textured ferroelectric ceramics of lead-barium niobate (PBN) were produced through hot forging, using different die configurations. The ceramic samples were characterized in the parallel and perpendicular direction respect to the pressing axis. The analysis of the microstructure showed that the increasing of the lanthanum doping increases the aspect ratio of the PBN grains, which generally present a columnar shape. It was concluded that the change of the grain morphology favored a higher grain orientation during the forging process and therefore the enhancing of the material texturing, which was directly reflected in the physical properties of the ceramics.


This paper presents a successful synthesis of evolutionary and connectionist methods, based on the genetic optimisation of a recently introduced neural network model, the bumptree network. We show that the bumptree network is inherently more suited to optimisation by a genetic algorithm (GA) than other neural network models such as the multi-layer perceptron (MLP). We describe a hierarchical genetic coding which addresses the problem of representing certain strong dependencies which exist between the bumptree's structural parameters, and show that our coding scheme has the desirable properties of continuity, isomorphism, completeness, closure and low redundancy with respect to the space of possible bumptree structures. We present empirical results which show that bumptree networks evolved by the GA significantly outperform the orthodox bumptree on several tasks, including the difficult real-world classification task of spoken vowel recognition.<<ETX>>


MgO-CaO-ZrO2 composite materials were prepared in oxidizing atmosphere at 1550 oC with sintered magnesia, calcium oxide and partial stabilized zirconia as raw materials. Sintering performance of the composites was measured by the checking of the bending strength, the apparent porosity, the thermal expansivity and the thermal shock resistance of samples, respectively. The phase compositions and microstructures of the composites were investigated by XRD, SEM and EDS. The results showed that CaZrO3 phase was formed by high temperture reaction between ZrO2 and CaO, and phase compositions of the composites consisted of two phases of CaZrO3 and MgO. The sintering performance of composites were promoted further with increasing the content of ZrO2 due to the volume expansion caused by the reaction of the added ZrO2 and CaO to form CaZrO3 phase in the refractories.


An estimate of the order of approximation in the central limit theorem for strictly stationary associated random variables with finite moments of order q > 2 is obtained. A moderate deviation result is also obtained. We have a refinement of recent results in Cagin et al. (2016). The order of approximation obtained here is an improvement over the corresponding result in Wood (1983).


The invention of "artificial perspective" revealed the ideal character of Euclidean geometry already in the Renaissance Europe of the fifteenth century. To the extent to which it made painting a "science" relying on mathematical rules, it made mathematics an "art" independent of the "geometry of nature." It was the artistic vision emerging from perspective drawing that paved the way for scientific abstraction. However, it was only in the nineteenth century that the discovery of non-Euclidean geometry compelled mathematics to ponder the visual evidence of its principles and the reliability of its abstract concepts. At that time, it was the mathematical vision that first championed the rights of ideal forms to a higher level of abstraction and, therefore, oriented science and art towards new representational spaces.


This paper proposes an approach to predict the reliability of high temperature heaters by identifying their primary failure modes and mechanisms in the field. Test specimens were designed to have the equivalent stress conditions with the high temperature heaters in the field in order to examine the effect of stress conditions on the solder joint failures. There failures often result from cracking due to intermetallic compound (IMC) or void formation within a solder joint. Aging tests have been performed by exposing the test specimens to a temperature of 170oC in order to reproduce solder joint failures in the field. During the test, changes in IMC formation were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the cross-sections of the test specimens, while changes in void formation were monitored both by resistance spectroscopy and by micro-computed tomography (microCT), alternately. The test results demonstrated the void volume within the solder increased as the time at the high temperature increased. Also, the phase shift of high frequency resistance was found to have high correlation with the void volume. These results implied the failure of high temperature heaters can be non-destructively predicted based on the correlation.


A new electric trap for tsetse flies ( Glossina spp.), based on a circuit producing the necessary high voltages from a small 2-V battery, is described. Power consumption is reduced to less than 1% of its level in other circuits designed for the same purpose so that in theory up to 300 h operation per charge is available from a single 2-V dry cell with a 7-Ah capacity (weight approximately 460 g). In practice this time is more likely to be limited by the shelf-life of the cell in tropical climates. The new circuit and a modified grid were tested against G. morsitans submorsitans Newst. during field trials in Ethiopia and the results are discussed. A high percentage of females was obtained only when a stunning capacitor was introduced across the output. The capacitor stores the charge from the circuit and gives a bigger impulse as flies land across the wires. It seems that, in the absence of the capacitor, females that visit the catching device escape from the electrified grid. When they are caught they are stunned for about the same length of time as male flies.


Objective
To explore the effects of Wenxin granule combined with conventional therapy on cardiac function, ventricular remodeling and local inflammatory response in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF).

Methods
From February 2016 to February 2017, 116 patients with PAF in the Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Taizhou were randomly divided into control group(55 cases) and combined group(61 cases) according to the digital table.The control group was treated with routine amiodarone hydrochloride tablets and enalapril maleate tablets, and the combined group was treated with Wenxin granule on the basis of the control group.The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared, and the cardiac function, the level of inflammatory reaction and the index of ventricular remodeling before and after treatment were compared and analyzed in the two groups.The adverse reactions were observed and analyzed in the two groups.

Results
The total effective rate in the combined group was 93.44%, which was significantly higher than 76.36% in the control group(χ2=6.745, P 0.05).

Conclusion
Wenxin granule combined with routine treatment in the treatment of PAF can significantly improve the clinical efficacy, improve the cardiac function obviously, delaye the ventricular remodeling, decrease the level of local inflammatory reaction significantly and the safety is high.

Key words:
Atrial fibrillation; Wenxin Granule; Amiodarone; Enalapril Maleate; Heart function tests; Ventricular remodeling; Inflammation; Comparative effectiveness research


We show that individual men are polymorphic for the amount of two different repeated DNA sequences. The amount of one of these sequences is proportional to the length of the brightly fluorescent heterochromatin on the Y chromosome. There are no detectable alterations in sequence between polymorphic individuals. Female DNA contains sequences complementary to those found on the Y, but at a much reduced level.


Abstract Grapevine downy mildew is the most devastating disease throughout the world causing huge monetary losses. Twenty medicinal plant extracts and six phylloplane microfloras were evaluated for their efficacy against sporangial germination of grapevine downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola in vitro. The results revealed that the Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) at 5% significantly inhibited the sporangial germination (75.36%) of P. viticola. Among the phylloplane microflora Pseudomonas fluorescens was highly effective in reducing the sporangial germination (64.26%). Post inoculation spraying of NSKE (5%) and P. fluorescens (0.2%) effectively inhibited the disease development in the greenhouse. Three sprays with NSKE (5%) and phylloplane P. fluorescens (0.2%): first spray after initial appearance of disease and the second and third at 10 day intervals were found to be promising in reducing disease incidence in the field.


The question of advertising effectiveness (i.e., to what extent is advertising effective or ineffective?) is possibly the most important question asked of or by advertisers. In this article, the authors provide evidence that advertising may also be counter-effective, that is, produce results that an advertiser specifically wants to avoid. Brand confusion is one such undesired result: the advertisement for brand A is taken by consumers as promoting brand B. In other words, the advertiser finances an advertisement for his competitor. In the second part of the article, several possible causes of brand confusion are presented, and practical advertising implications are discussed.


GeSn is expected as a light-emitting material in Si photonics because a direct-bandgap nature appears with Sn composition above 10%. However, the emission wavelength of GeSn is in the mid-IR range. Thus, GeSn nanodots (NDs) are needed for telecom-wavelength emission. In this paper, we propose a formation method for GeSn NDs with Sn mediation. This process consists of low-temperature deposition of Sn and GeSn by vacuum evaporation and subsequent low-temperature annealing. Crystalline GeSn NDs with high density and high Sn content (more than 10%) have been successfully formed without metallic Sn precipitation or segregation of Sn on the dot surface. The possible formation mechanism of Sn-mediated GeSn NDs is also discussed.


Fast time-domain algorithm (FTDA) for the one-stationary bistatic circular synthetic aperture radar (OS-BCSAR) imaging is presented. In this paper, the subimage is represented in the slant-range plane instead of ground plane. FTDA includes the fast backprojection algorithm (FBPA) with the subaperture and elliptical polar grid processing and the FBPA with the subaperture and polar grid processing. Experimental results are given to prove its validity.


During the period covered by this article there have appeared a number of noteworthy reviews and monographs concerned with the kidney and with water and electrolyte balance. Some deal with these in clinical practice (1 to 6); others are more basic. Welt has edited a special number of the Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine as a memorial volume to John P. Peters (7) . This volume has also been brought out in book form (8). It contains original articles by a group of Peters' former students and is a rich and up to date source book for students interested in recent work in the fields of acid-base balance and water and electrolyte excretion. Winton had edited a collection of articles from workers past and present at University College, London. This volume (9) comprises ten lectures given at University College, London in the summer of 1955 and commemorates Cushny's "modern theory" some forty years after he enunciated it. It contains a valuable series of statements on several aspects of modern renal physiology by a remarkably productive school who have continued in Cushny's tradition of careful work on clear ideas. One of this group, E. J. Harris, has also written a monograph ( 10) which presents a succinct and up to date statement of the present knowledge of movement of inorganic and simple organic substances across cell mem branes. The British Medical Bulletin published an issue this year ( 1 1) devoted to papers on " Physiology and Pathology of the Kidney." In the perplexing and rapidly developing field of ion and water regulation in cells there have appeared several excellent reviews ; outstanding among them are Conway's ( 1 2) and Lowenhaupt's (13). Since the author of the present review does not feel competent to assess critically the present status of this field of ion and water regulation in tissues, he will not attempt here an exhaustive review of the subject. He refers the reader to these more appreci atively written reviews, leaving his consideration of electrolyte regulation to a few studies in the field as they bear on general problems of acid-base balance, water and osmoregulation that will be considered below. The study of renal physiology at this time appears to be chiefly concerned with autoregulation of renal circulation and renal metabolism as it relates to regulatory and transport functions. The present review will address itself pri marily to this later area. The Pappenheimer-Kinter ideas on autoregulation of renal circulation ( 14) have been carefully reviewed by Bradley ( 15) and Win ton ( 16) . A discussion of some of the current evidence contradictory to the theory will be presented.


ABSTRACT: Sense of community is analyzed in two very different types of neighborhoods in Ljubljana, Slovenia: a large housing estate and a middle-class neighborhood of individual houses. The main research question posed is which individual characteristics are associated with sense of community in the two neighborhoods. A specific addition to current knowledge involves the inclusion of values as important characteristics associated with sense of community. The analysis was made on a quota sample of 337 individuals. Sense of community was shown to be comprised of three factors: (1) contact with neighbors; (2) social control; and (3) attachment. We observed this separately in the two neighborhoods. The analysis showed that values significantly increase the model's explanatory power and that the two neighborhoods differ significantly in terms of which variables are important for sense of community, therefore indicating that this could be highly context-dependent. In addition, qualitative data are used to illustrate the sense of community in the two neighborhoods.


The differences of cylinder design subjected to external pressure between GB 150—1998 and ASME VIII-1 are briefly compared.The calculations of cylinder design subjected to external pressure and the arrangement of stiffener ring are discussed in details.Finally,the conclusions in this paper may be applied in practical engineering design.


We revisited the calculations of the ratios of the Helium-like ion ``triplet'' (resonance, intercombination, and forbidden lines) for Z=6 to 14 (C V, N VI, O VII, Ne IX, Mg XI, Si XIII) in order to provide temperature, density and ionization diagnostics for the new high-resolution spectroscopic data of Chandra and XMM-Newton. Comparing to earlier computations, collisional rates are updated and the best experimental values for radiative transition probabilities are used. The influence of an external radiation field (photo-excitation) and the contribution from unresolved dielectronic satellite lines to the line ratios are discussed. Collision-dominated plasmas (e.g. stellar coronae), photo-ionized plasmas (e.g. AGNs) or transient plasmas (e.g. SNRs) are considered.


The aim of this work was to investigate the presence of antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activity in ovine αs2-casein and bovine κ-casein hydrolysates with antibacterial activity. Several pep- tides which had been previously identified in these hydrolysates were selected in order to fulfil cer- tain structural requirements and they were chemically synthesised to evaluate their antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activity. Hydrolysates of ovine αs2-casein and bovine κ-casein with pepsin strongly inhibited ACE activity, with IC50 values of 41.8 and 9.97 μmol·L −1 , respectively. The κ-casein hy- drolysate also exhibited a significant oxygen radical absorbance capacity, seven times higher than that of Trolox. From the chemically synthesised peptides, two of them, LKKISQ and PYVRYL, both from ovine αs2-casein, exerted potent ACE-inhibitory activity in the range of the most po- tent food-derived antihypertensive peptides described to date (IC50 values of 2.6 and 2.4 μmol·L −1 , respectively). The latter sequence, corresponding to the C-terminal hexapeptide of the ovine αs2- casein molecule, also had antioxidant activity. The activity found is discussed in relation to the peptide sequences. αs2-casein / κ-casein / antibacterial activity / antioxidant activity / angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory activity / bioactive peptide


It is difficult for jet hole deburring of ejection nozzle.The low-frequency vibration grinding deburring technology was applied for jet hole deburring experiments.The result shows that the technology can remove the burrs evidently.The low-frequency vibration grinding system has the features of easy realization,low cost and brief operation.


In this paper, the spatial distribution of shipping routes is given after analyzing the global shipping routes with the methods of GIS analysis. The historical development and change of the global shipping routes are revealed with the combination of historical data. The analysis result shows that: The shipping routes among North America, Europe, and Asia constitute the main body of the global shipping routes. There are a number of key shipping routes in the global shipping routes, whose frequency of navigation is significantly higher than other routes. By comparing shipping routes of the 19th century with the ones in present day, we can see the key areas evolution of the global maritime transport from "Europe-America-Africa" to "Europe-North America-Asia". The three most concentrated areas of ports in the world are Europe, North America, and East Asia. Asian ports, especially China's ports, have shown a very fast growth rate in the past forty years.


The University Course Timetabling Problem (UCTP) is a combinatorial optimization problem which involves the placement of events into timeslots and assignment of venues to these events. Different institutions have their peculiar problems; therefore there is a need to get an adequate knowledge of the problem especially in the area of constraints before applying an efficient method that will get a feasible solution in a reasonable amount of time. Several methods have been applied to solve this problem; they include evolutionary algorithms, tabu search, local search and swarm optimization methods like the Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO) algorithm.
A variant of ACO called the MAX-MIN Ant System (MMAS) is implemented with two local search procedures (one main and one auxiliary) to tackle the UCTP using Covenant University problem instance. The local search design proposed was tailored to suit the problem tackled and was compared with other designs to emphasise the effect of neighbourhood combination pattern on the algorithm performance. From the experimental procedures, it was observed that the local search design proposed significantly bettered the existing one used for the comparison.
The results obtained by the implemented algorithm proved that metaheuristics are highly effective when tackling real-world cases of the UCTP and not just generated instances of the problem and can even be better if some tangible modifications are made to it to perfectly suit a problem domain.


Suppose that k (k ≥ 3) treatments under comparison are ordered in a certain way. For example, the treatments may be increasing dose levels in dose response experiments. The exponential distribution E(μ,Θ) is generally used to model the effective duration of a drug, where the location parameter μ is referred to as latency period that may decrease/increase with the increase in dose level of the drug. In such situations, the experimenter may be interested in the successive comparisons of the treatments. Let E(μ1,Θ1),…,E(μ k ,Θ k ) be k independent exponential distributions/populations with μ i (Θ i ) as the location (scale) parameter of the i th population, i = 1,…,k. In this article, we propose test procedures for simultaneously testing the family of hypotheses A recursive method for computing the critical constants is discussed. The required tables of critical constants for the implementation of the proposed test procedures are presented. The test procedure is used to derive the simultaneous confidence intervals for the successive differences between the location parameters; that is, μ2 − μ1,μ3 − μ2,…,μ k − μ k−1. We also extend these simultaneous confidence intervals for successive differences to a larger class of contrasts of the location parameters.