Clinical trial data warehouse plays an important role in the drug development cycle when addressing questions on patient data by compounds, indications, therapeutic areas, or even companywide clinical trials. Common concepts such as patient enrollment rates, subject discontinuation reasons, signal detections from adverse events, patient diversity, Hy's law subjects by compound, to name a few, are large scale data extraction and analysis efforts when involving hundreds of studies. They demand intensive efforts by various compound teams. The Janssen Patient Data Warehouse (PDW) was established in 2013 as a platform for hosting clinical trials data for disease area stronghold compounds and the associated metadata and documents. Within this platform, users are empowered with a document browsing tool Trial Catalog, and data retrieval tools Study Browser and Data-onDemand. The extracted data can be imported into user's preferred analysis tools for downstream research and analysis. PDW Visual Analytics platform contains end-to-end analysis applications that generate analysis results dynamically based on metadata selections of studies, datasets, variables, and variable values. Design and development of this effort started in late 2017. Using a commercially available visualization tool, we have enhanced our framework with the power of on-demand user-driven querying across hundreds of studies. Pre-existing analysis templates facilitate the automatic population of analysis results upon query initiation. This allows us to focus on creating business context specific analysis templates for addressing various questions as one-time efforts that are then dynamically populated for varying user selections, bringing significant value to business partners. This dynamic visual analytics platform will be demonstrated with some PDW use cases. Data standard conformance will be presented via cross-study metadata comparisons. Benefits and challenges will be discussed. INTRODUCTION The Janssen Patient Data Warehouse (PDW) was established in 2013 as a technology platform enabling the exploration of patient data across Janssen clinical trials. As of today, the PDW database contains over 480 clinical trials data and metadata based on the original SAS dataset storage folders that support the Tables, Lists and Figures (TLF) for clinical study reports. The Trial Catalog application is a high-level document browsing tool on this platform. For extraction of clinical trials data, Study Browser and Data-on-Demand are the data retrieval tools provided. Data can be retrieved in two forms: As integrated datasets for the studies of interest, or as all study datasets for subjects selected by user defined criteria. The retrieved data are stored under user specific locations. Users may perform analysis using any tool of preference such SAS BASE/STAT, R, Tableau, Spotfire, Qlik or others. The PDW Visual Analytics is a capability with a similar design that additionally includes analysis capabilities through a visualization tool. This capability brings the ability to design and build visualization and analytics rapidly, thereby allowing us to move towards maximizing the use of PDW in many clinical trial development processes. The PDW platform is employed to support questions related to multiple studies, compounds, indications, therapeutic areas, and companywide clinical trial data. Even when multiple studies are being queried that can number in several hundreds, the goal is to facilitate the ease of use. Automated data integration will, however, generate meaningful analysis-ready datasets only if the selected cross-study data conforms to the same data standards. Since data is loaded into PDW as is from the original study results, conformation to data standards may not always be the case, leading to the need for ad hoc cleansing, and making a case for upfront cross-study harmonization and data unification efforts in the future. With increasing data content, another challenge is that of run time query performance.


A method was developed for synthesis of a single phase lithium tantalate charge doped by rare earth elements (TR) from highly pure solutions containing tantalum. The method is based on obtaining and thermal treatment of citrate precursor containing Li, Ta and TR. Charge samples were obtained due to suggested technological scheme; the dopant had given concentration and was chemically uniformly distributed. The charge can be applied both in single crystal growing technology and at obtaining of functional ceramics based on LiTaO3:TR.


This paper deals with the analytical and numerical design of a Lyapunov function for homogeneous and discontinuous systems. First, the presented converse theorems provide two analytic expressions of homogeneous and locally Lipschitz continuous Lyapunov functions for homogeneous discontinuous systems of negative homogeneity degree, generalizing classical results. Second, a methodology for the numerical construction of those Lyapunov functions is extended to the class of systems under consideration. Finally, the developed theory is applied to the numerical design of a Lyapunov function for some higher‐order sliding mode algorithms.


By testing the cooling constant of calorimetric system of an adiabatic calorimeter and determining the quantity of heat-exchange between the calorimetric system and its environment,an adiabatic capability of the adiabatic calorimeter is evaluated.The testing methods about cooling-constant and quantity of heat-exchange between the calorimetric system and its environment are introduced.The performance of different adiabatic calorimetric systems are compared by measuring the quantity of heat-exchange between the calorimetric system and its environment,finding out the testing factors affecting heat-exchange.Adjusting testing condition,choosing the most reasonable testing circumstance and reducing the quantity of heat-exchange between the calorimetrics system and its environment as much as possible can improve the measure precision of explosive heat.In addition,the rationality of the whole system can be judged according to the quantity of heat-exchange.


The quotation is interesting, humorous, and perhaps relevant in relation to teachers but there are many other things that teachers of reading must be concerned about. One ancient adage suggests that all teachers love to read. They are 'hooked on books'. I think we are hooked on the concept of reading, but as I travel, and talk with, and observe teachers I find many teachers are not readers. Many teachers are asking pupils to read and lament the fact that they do not, but they themselves are not always models for the students. Granted, television has taken a large hold on us, and this is true across the globe. I, too, find it much easier after a hard day's work to turn on the news and sit back and watch. Because T V is undoubtedly with us to stay and because we are also concerned about students' reading, we ought to be readers. Teacher trainers should have teachers-in- training develop the personal reading habit. A teacher training course should cement the concept that teachers should be bringing books to class with them; teachers should have books visible where students can see them, and teachers should talk with students about books. A course in children's or adolescent literature is an important part of a teacher training program. Such a course can provide teachers with the ability to interest youngsters in reading and to match youngsters with books.


This paper presents a low-power CMOS /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator for a single-chip Bluetooth transceiver. It implements a low-power, fast-settling operational amplifier and can achieve 75 dB SNDR and 81 dB dynamic range over 1 MHz bandwidth. The design was fabricated using 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The chip size is 0.63mm/sup 2/ and the power dissipation is only 64 mW.


This book is the sixth in the series dealing with biology of Chrysomelidae (started in 1988 by "Biology o f Chrysomelidae"). The arrangement is similar to previous books in the series. The publication contains 35 original contributions by 57 authors, grouped under 8 broad topics: Paleontology; Phylogeny and relationships; Biogeography; Ecological studies natural ene mies, defences, biological control; Community ecology, popula tion ecology, conservation; Host-plant associations; Repro duction; General biological, ecological and biosystematic stud ies. This volume brings together a wide range of the most recent studies on the biology of Chrysomelidae. The first part includes two chapters dealing with fossil Chry somelidae. The list of chrysomelid beetles known from amber deposits is presented and preliminary analyses of chrysomelid paleodiversity are discussed. The second part starts with two molecular phylogenetic analyses. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S mtDNA, with special reference to the subfamily Chrysomelinae, support monophyly of Timarcha, Chrysolina + Oreina, and Entomoscelis + Gonioctena. It is in agreement with recent taxonomic stud ies. A preliminary phylogeny of Hispinae sensu lato was con structed using 12S mtDNA. The cladogram isolates hispine tribes in the basal part and cassidine tribes in the derived part of the tree. In the next chapter the first instar larvae of the Megascelinae and Aulacoscelinae are described for the first time. Ac cording to larval morphology, the Aulacoscelinae are related to the Orsodacninae, while the Megascelinae share many charac ters with the Eumolpinae. Henceforth, larvae of all chrysomelid subfamilies are described. The remaining three articles are de voted to phylogenetic studies based on morphological characters. Phylogenetic importance of internal structures of male genitalia for classification of the Eumolpinae is discussed. Both structural and chemical characteristics of egg chorion pro vide new insights into the taxonomy of North European Galerucini. Preliminary cladistic analysis of alticine subtribe Disonychina terminates this part of book. Part 3 (Biogeography) consists of two chapters discussing ecological and biogeographical aspects of the Andalusian leaf beetle endemisms and biogeography of desert leaf beetles of Central Asia, respectively. Ecological studies are the subject of the next part. Organisms used as biological control agents against Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata are reviewed. The next chapter mentions possible use of rickettsial bacteria of the genus Wolbachia for the biological control of Western crop rootworm Diabrotica virgifera. Chrysomelidae are heavily attacked by parasitoids and predators. Importance of chemical cues for successful host search is reviewed. Possible defensive attributes against natural enemies, such as larval shield and mimicry, are also discussed. Larval shields are con sidered as important physical and chemical defending barriers, which enabled larvae to colonize leaf surfaces. Leaf beetles represent conspicuous elements of the fauna of tropical rain forests. Increasing fascination of entomologists by rainforest canopies is also well documented in this book. Four articles deal with the community ecology of Chrysomelidae from Central Africa, South America and Papua-New Guinea. The contribution by Beenen about conservation and rehabilita tion of chrysomelid beetles in a cultivated environment is one of the first papers dealing with this important topic. The sixth part is devoted to the interactions between Chry somelidae and their host-plants. Phylogeny of the ChrysolinaOreina complex based on 12S and 16S mtDNA and COl sequences is compared with host-plant specialization and chemi cal defense. The original host-plants of Oreina clade would have been Asteraceae (Senecioneae). All molecular trees show a totally surprising result: Chrysolina fastuosa is included in the Oreina clade. However, the precise position of Ch. fastuosa needs additional investigation. The next contribution compiles information on larval biology and host-plant breadth of two galerucine genera Acalymma and Diabrotica. An article about Costa Rican leaf-mining Hispinae with special emphasis on their host-plants and description of the mines terminates this part of book. The section "Reproduction" partially fills the im portant gap in our knowledge of sexual behaviour of the leaf beetles. It consists of an extensive literature review of this prob lem and details results of observations of mating behaviour in Donaciinae. The last part of the book is devoted to systematic and biologi cal studies. Two taxonomical contributions deal with revising the North and Central American genus Labidomera and South African flea-beetles of the genus Longitarsus associated with the Boraginaceae. Detailed biological data including life-cycles, descriptions of immature stages and bionomics of both adult and larval stages are given for Cryptoceplialus anceps and C. moraei, some members of the tribe Paropsini, several species belonging to the genera Diabrotica and Procalus, flea-beetle Altica corni, leaf-mining hispine Octuroplata octopustulata and two tortoise beetles Conchyloctenia punctata and Stolas lacordairei. The book contains an author index, subject index and taxo nomic index of animals and plants at the end which increases its readability. The volume is technically perfect, with a very high quality of both original and redrawn reproductions and graphical arrangement. The book is very stimulative reading, interesting not only for specialists in Chrysomelidae, but may be inspira tional for entomologists in general.


Interference effects caused by percent. levels of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, Mg(ClO4)2, HNO3, HCl and HCIO4 in the determination of Au by ETA-AAS were compared for tube-wall and platform atomisation. The effectiveness of various matrix modifiers in reducing the interferences was also assessed. The modifiers used were Ni, Pd, Pd-Mo, Cu, or Pd-Mo-Ni for wall atomisation and Ni or Pd-Mo for platform atomisation. All the modifiers increased the char temperature for Au from 800–900 °C to 1200–1300 °C. Of the interferents studied, CaCl2 and NaCl had the greatest suppressive effect on Au atomic absorption signals, at matrix concentrations between 0.1 and 0.5%m/V. In contrast, HNO3 and HCl caused no interference at levels up to 5%V/V. The best general modifiers for Au were Ni and Pd-Mo, with the latter better for wall-atomisation measurements. Although the best Au sensitivity was obtained with Pd, the short-term stability of Au solutions was poorer with this modifier than for Pd plus Mo. For platform atomisation, Ni and Pd-Mo were equally good modifiers, and interferences were less pronounced than for wall atomisation. In general, the best conditions for interference-free analysis of Au-containing samples were addition of Ni or Pd-Mo modifier, platform atomisation and peak-area measurement.


The global economic crisis clearly highlighted that a multinational enterprise (MNE) must understand the national environment no less than its core business. Articles in this part deal with the impact of the crisis on five national economies: two small (Iceland and Israel), two developing (China and India), and one extremely poor (Bangladesh).

This introduction also contains empirical research on the most important variable in the global crisis, the saving rate. Differences in savings between countries are not adequately explained in the current economic literature. As we show, culture variables from the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) study help explain the difference between saving rates in various countries. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Many CPAs know that technology plays a crucial part in their efforts to remain competitive and provide clients with the services they need. Virginia sole practitioner John Gill has reaped numerous benefits in using it to conduct his tax research and to enhance his practice development. His experience demonstrates how small firms can broaden their services by relying on all the tools available to them. MAKING THE CONNECTION Gill, whose Virginia firm concentrates on traditional services, as well as international and tax problem resolution, has found that technology not only cuts down on the time required for tasks such as tax research but also opens up new business opportunities. When conducting research, he uses one of two approaches. CD-ROM. Gill uses RIA's Tax Desk as an electronic replacement for the 26-volume printed RIA tax service to which he once subscribed. One of the many values of these CD-ROM services is that they offer unlimited federal and state tax forms. Tax Desk--an abbreviated version of RIA's On Point--doesn't include state research data. For primary tax research, Gill believes CD-ROM services usually are more thorough and convenient than searching the Web for information, at least for now. For example, it is possible to access the federal tax code online (http://www.law.cornell.edu/ uscode/26), as well as search the Internal Revenue Service Web page (http: //www.irs.ustreas.gov) for forms, but some CD-ROMs offer what many practitioners need in one package. In addition, he uses OneDisk from Tax Analysts to research actual court cases. "It replaces having to go to the law library and look up and read the case there." He notes that most CD services don't have the actual text of the case but, instead, offer opinions, commentary and advice as well as IRS regulations. While lack of cases necessitates the use of another source, the services' opinions and commentaries are good. One valuable component of CD-ROMs for Gill has been the client planning letters included for many situations. For example, one of Gill's clients had a question on Internal Revenue Code section 179 depreciation. When the CPA consulted his tax research disk, he found a sample letter that explained the issue to the client, as well as advice and commentary for practitioners on the subject. "In less than five minutes you can prepare a two-page letter that looks like you spent three hours on it." New opportunities. Online forums are "one of our biggest research tools" Gill says. Until recently, he used the AICPA Accountants Forum on CompuServe to get advice and feedback from other professionals. (The Institute planned in mid-June to migrate from the Accountants Forum to the AICPA Online Forum, located at the Institute's Web site--http://www.aicpa.org. The new Forum is designed to offer the same benefits to users as the Accountants Forum once did.) "I used the Accountants Forum if I had done my primary research on a tax question but the issue was really outside my area of expertise," Gill explains. "I could post a note on the Forum, give the facts of the situation, explain what I've found and ask for opinions. Within two to three hours, I got lots of comments from other professionals." As a result, Gill's small firm can tap into expertise it couldn't afford to hire full-time. "Because of relationships I've made on the Internet I've been able to take on work that I otherwise would have been unable to do." In addition, as a sole practitioner, Gill can use online colleagues as a valuable sounding board. There's generally no charge for advice traded online, although Gill has found other professionals whom he has subsequently paid for consulting help--or vice versa. "Mostly, though, the relationships consist of professionals helping other professionals and we all gain from the interaction. I have somebody else look over the work and give me his other thoughts." Gill also subscribes to an Internet newsgroup and two Internet mail lists for tax advice. …


W ith more than 300 diseasecausing genes mapped and more than 260 cloned,1 the field of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) has experienced tremendous advances over the past 2 decades. This vast genetic heterogeneity represents both a great opportunity and a remarkable challenge. The identification of the causes of so many forms of IRD and the growing body of knowledge of their functions and underlying disease mechanisms have allowed the development of exciting new gene/disease–specific treatment opportunities (Figure 1A). However, the development and delivery to bedside of gene/disease–specific treatments for each of the genes identified to date are daunting tasks that may require decades for full implementation. With exciting new treatments now aimed at an even more granular level—targeting not just specific genes but, in fact, specific mutations—the task at hand is expanded by several orders of magnitude. Furthermore, gene/disease–specific treatments rely on persistent target cells and sufficient visual function to permit efficacy. For the many patients who are outside of this window of opportunity, other approaches are necessary. Thus, gene/disease–independent treatments (Figure 1B) are a top priority. This article reviews the state of IRD treatment approaches.


The invention relates to a semiconductor substrate and a semiconductor packaging structure. The semiconductor substrate includes: an insulating layer, a first circuit layer and a plurality of conductive bumps. The insulating layer has a first surface, and the first circuit layer is arranged adjacent to the first surface of the insulating layer. The conductive bumps are arranged on the first circuit layer, each conductive bump has a first width and a second width, a first direction extending along the first width is vertical to a second direction extending along the second width, and the first width is larger than the second width.


Three dogs were found to have calcified flexor tendons attached to the medial humeral epicondyle. There were 2 types of calcification: one was associated with elbow dysplasia, and a second resulted from traumatic separation of a portion of the medial humeral epicondyle.


In 21 century,speeding up urbanization development is a very important mission for China government.The urbanization development in Gansu province is inferior to the average standard in China.Gansu government administrators must speed up the city's development on the base of special industrial structure,natural and cultural resources.


ABSTRACT The Dirac system with an integral delay in the form of convolution is considered. We suppose that the convolution kernel, having four independent components, is known a priori on a part of the interval. A partial inverse problem is studied, which consists in recovering the kernel on the remaining part of the interval from some fractional parts of two spectra. Uniqueness theorems are proved, and a constructive algorithm is developed for solving this inverse problem.


Investigations with powdered whey protein concentrates containing 60 % (WPC-60) or 80 % (WPC-80) of proteins were carried out. In this work proteins were treated using the laboratory equipment for tribomechanical micronisation with three different rotor speeds. Before and after the tribomechanical treatment, the analyses of the particle size and particle distribution as well as the specific area and scanning microscopy were carried out.


Distribution estimation of physical symptom is a powerful statistical technique to monitor and predict the situation of infectious diseases. With the widespread popularization of smart devices, edge computing is an efficient computing paradigm, which takes advantage of these devices to implement the safe and fast collection and distribution analysis of physical symptoms. However, the sharing of individuals' data, especially of sensitive information (e.g., age, symptom), inevitably raises the great privacy concerns of people due to the possible leakage and the illegal utilization. It is necessary and important to not only implement the highly intelligent epidemic analysis, but also guarantee the privacy of data. In this paper, we focus on locally private distribution estimation of physical symptom with attribute constraints in edge computing. At first, we present an edge-computing-based framework for distribution estimation of physical symptoms, in which each component undertakes the respective task. Then, we propose a naive privacy algorithm, i.e., NAIVEPRIVDISTEST, to directly perturb the values of quasi-identifying attributes and physical symptoms. Finally, extensive experiments demonstrate that NAIVEPRIVDISTEST has the accurate distribution estimation under the privacy constraints.


The sample of soil was extracted with NaOH,in which water-insoluble pentachlorophenol(PCP) was transformed into water-soluble PCP-Na,and determined by UV spectrophotometry.Influential factors,including pH value of medium,ratio of solid to liquid and time of extraction were studied.Under the optimum condition,linear relationship between values of absorbance and mass concentration of PCP-Na was kept in the range within 40 mg·L-1,with detection limit(3S/N) of 0.023 mg·L-1.Test for accuracy was made by standard addition method,and values of recovery obtained were in the range of 94.4%-104.7%.


In 2001 and 2006, the New England Journal of Medicine published two single-centre studies which reported mortality benefits of tight glycaemic control in longer stay post-surgical critically ill adult patients. 2 These papers created much debate with several repeat studies, meta-analyses, and, surprisingly, almost uniform early uptake by critical care practitioners. Van den Berghe's first study used an intensive regimen of insulin treatment (IIT) with the aim of keeping blood glucose concentrations at or below 6.1 mmol litre (110 mg dl). A criticism of the study was that the patients were largely post-cardiac surgery and this therefore prompted the same workers to investigate the same approach in medical intensive care unit (ICU) patients, where a beneficial effect on in-hospital mortality was only seen in a subgroup of patients who stayed on the ICU for more than 3 days. Subsequent studies conducted by others have not shown a mortality benefit and some even had safety issues associated with IIT. 4 However, the practice of IIT still continues in most ICUs and a similar approach to the intraand postoperative management of patients has been gaining momentum. The SepNet trial reported last year investigated the use of IIT in patients with severe sepsis in multidisciplinary ICUs, since it had been argued that most of the mortality benefit reported in Van den Berghe's 2001 paper had been in such patients. However, the trial was stopped early on safety grounds, since the use of IIT placed critically ill patients with sepsis at increased risk for serious adverse events related to hypoglycaemia. Serious hypoglycaemia was roughly four times more common in the patients given IIT. In addition, neither 28 day mortality nor organ failure score was different between the two trial arms. However, this study was complicated by the concurrent use of two different fluid resuscitation regimes. Also published last year, a meta-analysis of 29 clinical trials of IIT involving 8432 critically ill adult patients showed that in-hospital mortality was similar in patients receiving IIT (21.6%) and usual care (23.3%) and episodes of hypoglycaemia were greater than five times more common with IIT. Despite this, Van den Berghe and colleagues still argue that IIT confers a mortality benefit when controlling blood glucose concentrations to normoglycaemia [below 6.1 mmol litre (110 mg dl)] but agree on the need for more trials. In April 2009, the NICE-SUGAR study was published, and data from this study were incorporated into a new meta-analysis. The NICE-SUGAR study recruited 6104 patients from 42 hospitals in Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. The groups of patients were assigned target blood glucose levels of either 4.5–6.0 mmol litre (IIT) or 8.0–10.0 mmol litre (conventional glucose control) and the main outcome measure was 90 day mortality. More patients in the IIT group died than in the conventional control group (27.5% vs 24.9%, P1⁄40.02). The (predefined) groups of causes of death in the two groups were similar (P1⁄40.12), although deaths from cardiovascular causes were more common in the IIT group (41.6% vs 35.8%, P1⁄40.02). Severe hypoglycaemia (defined as a blood glucose of 2.2 mmol litre) occurred in 6.8% of the IIT patients compared with only 0.5% of the conventional control patients (P,0.001), although there were no long-term sequelae in any patient. Interestingly, the two survival curves on the Kaplan–Meier graph only begin to diverge at around 20 days—which begs the question of how such an intervention can have an effect at this point, when the median duration of IIT treatment was only 4.2 days (range 1.9–8.7 days) in the IIT group and 4.3 days (range 2.0–9.0 days) in the conventional group. In addition, 90% of the patients who died were reported to have had potentially life-sustaining treatments withheld or withdrawn, perhaps illustrating the point that mortality is not a clear-cut endpoint after all.


Among the many puzzles in Rainer Maria Rilke's Duino Elegies is the ninth elegy's declaration that the things of the world are disappearing, but that the only way to rescue them from this fate is to make them 'invisible'. To make sense of this paradoxical scenario, the present article first examines in the light of several theoretical frameworks (for example, Walter Benjamin's aura, Jean-Luc Maron's apophasis and Hannah Arendt's natality) how Rilke portrays the relationship between praise and mourning, proposing as an interpretive key hymnic language's depicted capacity to illuminate transience. The article then demonstrates how this dimension of Rilke's text articulates a vision of an authentically ecological relation to phenomena, one that involves an ecstatic exchange between subject and environment and that ultimately upends paradigmatic hierarchies of 'human/non-human' by introducing a modality of love grounded in loss rather than in possession.


We describe several interesting results of IPW time series comparisons and analyses. Integrated Precipitable Water - important meteorological parameter is easily derivable from GPS tropospheric solutions (ZTD's). IPW values from other sources can be much more problematic through various technical shortages. We present results of quite many comparisons: different static solutions (mainly EPN) versus three meteorological water vapour data sources. We use: radiosoundings, sun photometer and operational numerical weather prediction model. Sun photometer (CIMEL 318) data at Central Geophysical Observatory PAS (Belsk, Poland) is compared not only to close IGS/EPN GPS stations but has its own GPS point established by us and and suitably solved. Both input fields of operational numerical weather prediction model COSMO-LM (version maintained by Polish Institute of Meteorology and Water Management) and first prognosis steps were treated as IPW source and processed for comparisons and analysis. Results which lead to the conclusion of GPS IPW high quality will be recapitulated. Next some analyses show value of GPS IPW as a geophysical tool.


Fourier transform is an important algorithm in the field of geographic data processing.However,when process extremely large raster data,the traditional single-process algorithm cannot product results quickly;and most method can′t compatible with the data size more than the system memory size because they need load all the data in to memory.This paper presents a novel extremely large raster data parallelized fast Fourier transform algorithm,through"temporary column files"as exchange space,it can parallelize and partitioned process the entire raster data step-by-step with limited memory space.Experiments show,the proposed method can significantly improve the Fourier transform running speed,and only need relatively limited memory space when the program executing.


For competition judging, the practice of assigning gymnastics judges into one of two groups (DJury and E-Jury) is internationally accepted. International judges (the highest level) are placed in the D-Jury and national judges are allocated to the E-Jury. Performance evaluations are the jurisdiction of the E-Judges who record the deductions in the exercises, determining the exercise final score. The purpose of this study was to examine if there were significant differences between D-Jury and E-Jury judges (international vs. national), based on their evaluations of gymnastics performances; allowing for an assessment of the necessity to split judges into these two groups. Twenty experienced judges, who volunteered to participate in the study, were divided into two groups (National vs International). The judges evaluated, via videotape, nine gymnastics routines performed on the rings. Points were deducted (in tenths of units) based on the severity of errors in the routines. According to the results, for the judges level effect the results approached significance and significant differences were found across the 9 separate programs. The observed differences raise questions concerning the existing placement system of judges (international vs. national) in Greece.


along lines of class (Broomhall and Barrie), race (Gerda W. Ray), and even geographical location (Dean Wilson). A number of articles warrant special mention. In his contribution, Wilson, discussing masculinities in colonial Melbourne from 1853 until the early twentieth century, finds that physicality was essential for men – both as a representation of social civility and of colonial power. The restrictive nature of this type of masculinity is clear from his examples of how the policeman's body was regulated – through dress, free time, and even sleeping and meal times. David Garrioch shows how masculine ideals in the Paris police of the eighteenth century were formed through perceptions of the king. His research illustrates that perceptions of the king changed how the police then acted amongst themselves and towards the public – as the king was perceived in a less paternal light, so, too, did the men of the Parisian police force act in a less paternal manner. Broomhall and Barrie's article is of note for its close and nuanced analysis of periodicals detailing court events in the early part of the nineteenth century in Glasgow and Edinburgh. Their research not only confirms that a sense of the paternal seemed to be an intrinsic aspect of men in positions of power, but they also note that the relationship with the public determined how they were viewed as men. That is, an officer dealing with gangs was seen as more manly than one who dealt with domestic disputes or prostitution. This symbiotic relationship is also discussed by Francis Dodsworth, who finds that the police officer's masculine identity was created both as being a part of the public he was policing, yet being apart at the same time. As the study of masculinities slowly makes inroads into areas of history heretofore viewed with either a traditional political focus or, more recently, a specifically female-orientated approach, a collection such A History of Police and Masculinities, 1700–2010 is a welcome addition to gender scholarship.


The echocardiogram (ECHO) is an ultrasound of the heart used to diagnose heart diseases (DHC). The analysis and interpretation of ECHO are dependent on the doctor's experience. However, software that uses artificial intelligence to analyze ECHO images or videos is contributing to support the physician's decision. This paper aims to perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on artificial intelligence (AI) techniques applied in the automation of Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) processes, to support medical decisions. The study identified more than 800 articles on the topic in the leading scientific research platforms. To select the most relevant studies, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, where 45 articles were selected to compose the detailed study of the SRL. The results obtained with the extraction of information from the papers, identified 3 groups of primary studies, namely: identification of the cardiac vision plan, analysis of cardiac functions and detection of cardiac diseases. SRL identifies that the set of Machine learning (ML) techniques are being widely applied in the tasks of segmentation, detection and classification of images obtained from ECHO. The techniques based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), presented the best Accuracy rates. Research shows a strong interest in automating ECHO processes. However, it is still an open research field, with the potential to generate many publications for researchers.


Core-shell structured latex was synthesized through seeded emulsion polymerization.The influence of varying the content of emulsifier and the ratio of core and shell monomers on the morphology of the latex particles and the film forming properties were studied.Re-dispersible polymer powders were subsequently prepared by spray drying using the above structured latex,and the morphology of the polymer powders were characterized.It was found that the optimum content of emulsifier was greater 0.5% of the monomer and the optimum ratio between core and shell was greater than 7∶3.In this case,the latex was more stable,the core-shell structure was clearly observed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM),the minimum film forming temperature was lower than 30 ℃ and the diameter of the re-dispersible polymer powders was smaller than 40 μm.


Objective: This article is to analyze the relationship between abnormal autosomal karyotype and male infertility. Methods: Chromosomal karyotypes were examined in 509 male infertile patients by periphery blood lymphocyte culture and G banding. Results: The proportion of autosomal structure abnormalities was 5.1% (23/454) among the patients with idiopathic oligospermia and azoospermia, while that of chromosomal polymorphism was 8.8%(40/454). Conclusion: Autosomal berrations may result in spermatogenic arrest, which is one of the male infertile factors.


Significant changes in sleep and circadian sleep-wake rhythms mark advancing age. Among these changes is the increasing prevalence of daytime and evening napping reported by older adults. The causes of such napping behavior and why it increases in prevalence with advancing age are unknown. No consistent relationships between complaints of nighttime sleep disruption and daytime napping have been observed. The antecedents and consequences of napping are poorly understood, and it is unclear whether napping is a beneficial, detrimental, or neutral behavior. Elucidating the role(s) of napping in the health of older adults is not a simple task. Napping may be beneficial or problematic depending on individual circumstances; an individual's sleep quality, health status, and living conditions. For example, daytime naps in healthy older adults who do not complain of significant sleep disturbance may be beneficial, resulting in improved daytime functioning, but napping in older adults often occurs in association with greater health burden and may be associated with greater mortality. Distinctions need be made between napping behaviors of healthy, optimally aging older adults and of older adults with significant health burden who may or may not have poor sleep. Distinctions need also be made between the wide variety of social and environmental conditions in which older adults liveFalone; with a spouse who may have significant sleep or health complaints themselves; and particularly in institutions, where sleep is typically significantly disrupted. It is likely that napping is associated with different antecedents and consequences in each of these unique subpopulations. Napping behavior is complex, and attempts to determine its antecedents and consequences need to take this complexity into consideration. Adequately describing napping is no simple matter. Comprehensive assessment of napping should include reported frequency, duration, and timing and should be made over a period of weeks. It may also be important to distinguish regular, planned naps from those that are unplanned, because it is likely that these represent different types of napping. Furthermore, because there is some evidence that older adults underreport their napping behavior, objective (e.g., actigraphic) assessment to detect unreported naps should optimally supplement selfreport-based assessments of napping behavior. This issue of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society contains two studies that examine aspects of the role napping in aging. Pisarsic et al. examined baseline self-reported napping and measures of sleep quality and quantity in 414 community-dwelling older adults participating in a pilot study of the efficacy of physical activity in preventing disability. Employing a convenience sample, this study assessed napping behavior using only self-report, and that of a relatively limited nature, because subjects were asked only ''During the past month, how many hours did you nap or sleep during a typical day?'' Subjects reporting any (40 minutes) sleep in response to this question were classified as nappers. They report that 54% their sample reported napping. They found no differences in any self-reported sleep parameters between nappers and nonnappers but found that nappers were more likely to be men and have diabetes mellitus and that these factors and lower mental status scores were all associated with longer nap durations. They concluded that, given its high prevalence and association with diabetes mellitus, napping should be assessed as part of sleep behavior in clinical practice and future research. It is instructive to compare the study of Pisarsic et al. with another recent study that examined self-reported napping in older adults. Foley et al., who examined selfreported napping and measures of sleep quality and health in a representative sample of 1,506 older adults, reported that 15% of respondents reported regular napping (defined as reports of napping 4 to 7 times a week). Regular napping ranged in prevalence from 10% of those aged 55 to 64 to 25% in those aged 75 to 84. Pisarsic et al. used a lenient definition of napping, defining anyone who reported any napping at all during the preceding month as a napper. This liberal definition would suggest that Pisarsic et al.'s sample of ''nappers'' was heterogeneous, and it is likely that it accounts for the greater frequency of nappers in their sample than in Foley et al.'s. Nevertheless, both studies failed to find relationships between nighttime sleep complaints and napping. Although Pisarsic et al. reported an association between napping and diabetes mellitus, Foley et al. reported that, in addition to older age and a strong association with excessive daytime sleepiness, other factors that independently increased prevalence of regular napping included a diagnosis of depression, bodily pain, and nocturia. It is likely that the differences in reported associations between napping and health burden were the result of differences in the size and composition (i.e., convenience DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01837.x


Simple Summary PET/CT is rarely performed initially in resectable colorectal cancer and is usually considered for detection of distant metastasis. However, we perceived another potential role of PET/CT in addition to diagnosis and staging, which is providing prognostication of the oncologic outcome by PET parameters extracted from initial PET/CT before surgery. This study evaluated the prognostic role of preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT in 327 stage II/III colorectal cancer patients and comprehensively investigated the PET parameters with multiple threshold levels to select optimal parameters most robustly related to DFS. Several PET parameters including SUVmax, MTV2.5, MTV3, TLG2.5, TLG3, and TLG30% were significantly related to DFS, with TLG2.5 retaining statistical significance in multivariate analysis with other clinicopathologic prognostic factors. Prognostication with PET/CT at the time of initial diagnosis has substantial benefits over pathologic prognostic factors available only after surgery by giving oncologists an opportunity to consider treatment intensification or de-intensification before initiation of treatment. Abstract We investigated the prognostic role of metabolic parameters from preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT in stage II/III colorectal adenocarcinoma. A total of 327 stage II/III colorectal adenocarcinoma patients who underwent curative resection were included. The maximal standard uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were analyzed for optimal cut-offs and their effect on DFS. Differences in DFS rates and hazard ratios for DFS between cut-offs were statistically significant in SUVmax, MTV2.5, MTV3, TLG 2.5, TLG3, and TLG30%. Factors significantly related to DFS in univariate Cox regression were age, sex, stage, preoperative CEA, SUVmax, MTV2.5, MTV3, TLG2.5, TLG3, and TLG30%. Age, sex, preoperative CEA, and TLG2.5 (p = 0.009) sustained statistically significant difference in multivariate analysis. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates for TLG2.5 ≤ 448.5 were 98.1%, 79.6%, and 74.8%, significantly higher than 78.4%, 68.5%, and 61.1% of TLG2.5 > 448.5, respectively (p = 0.012). TLG, a parameter indicating both the metabolic activity and metabolic volume, was the strongest predictor independently associated with DFS, among several PET parameters with statistical significance. These results suggest the potential prognostic value of preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT in stage II/III resectable colorectal cancer.


Abstract : Although the improvement of equipment systems for human operation and maintenance has been stressed for many years, the actual measurement and specification of human performance reliability in concrete terms has been largely ignored. A set of computer simulation models, which assess the human performance reliability of a system while system is in the early design state, was previously developed. The results of trial application of these simulation models to an actual system which is under development are presented. Additionally, a set of guidelines is presented which can form the basis for a human performance reliability demonstration in future Navy systems.


This study investigated whether Ss were as willing to express their feelings over the telephone as in face to face interviews. Eighty experimental interviews between 160 strangers were conducted under a fixed model 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. The factors investigated were: (a) interview mode, i.e., telephone vs. face to face; (b) sex of interviewee; and (c) sex of interviewer. Three-way analysis of variance showed no significant differences in the mean number of interviewees' total self-references, affective self-references, or the ratio of affective to total self-references (ASR/TSR) between the two interview modes. Highly statistically significant F ratios were found for differences between male and female interviewees on the three variables: females made more self-references, more affective self-references, and had a higher ASR/TSR ratio than males. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed and replication using actual therapy interviews is urged.


As a silicon integration technology in the 21st century,silicon-on-insulator (SOI) is becoming favourite increasingly. This paper describes the current situation and prospects of SOI in terms of SOI's development,process,research,application and market prediction.


The available tensile and creep-rupture properties of relevant product forms of Types 316 and 304 stainless steel and associated as-deposited weld metals (i.e., Type 316) are reviewed. A description of both time-dependent and independent behavior is emphasized for Type 316 stainless steel, since this material and its weldments in hot-leg piping applications must operate at temperatures within the creep range. Therefore, elevated-temperature fatigue and creep-fatigue interaction of Type 316 stainless steel are discussed over the temperature range from 566 to 593/sup 0/C for both air and sodium environments.


TO THE EDITOR: Cho and colleagues (1) argue that current requirements for informed consent may not actually show respect for personsa long-standing research ethics principlebecause the public does not support such requirements. They suggest that their study results show that many research participants would prefer to waive documentation for consent or even consent itself for research on medical practices. Thus, we are told, the current regulatory environment listens to a consent-requiring minority at the expense of a research-supporting majority. However, that's not what their study shows. True, it supports their claim that a large percentage of the public supports research on medical practices, but that is hardly a novel finding and tells us nothing about consent. The important question is whether participation in that research should continue to require voluntary informed consent. Contrary to the claim that there is a consent-requiring minority, most respondents to Cho and colleagues' survey did not want to be research participants without their consent, even if the research involved only medical record review and did not alter their care. Even when asked about a study that seemed to carry little risk for harm, approximately one third of respondents said that the research should not take place at all unless participant consent was obtained. Of those willing to allow the research to proceed without specific consent, disclosure was vastly preferred over no notification of the research. Moreover, it is troubling that none of the scenarios or survey questions explained what might cause obtaining consent to make a study too difficult to carry out. Legitimate reasons exist to waive consent; however, many other excuses may tempt investigators but not satisfy potential participants and institutional review boards. We strongly support research on current medical practices and acknowledge the importance of testing empirical data and conceptual arguments against each other. We also recognize the difficulty of crafting and analyzing surveys in terms that are independent of the authors' agendas, but we fear that Cho and colleagues' apparent goal of substantially revising consent requirements for much research may have overly influenced the collection and analysis of their supporting data.


A unified feature model is proposed to solve the main problems encountered in this task. It integrates two novel middle level features, which are based on dominant color segmentation and motion vector reliability analysis. This model adaptively selects features and the corresponding decision plane based on the dominant color segmentation result; it adaptively sets the thresholds via using time domain statistical features as the inputs of support vector machines. Experiments on a relatively large soccer video dataset demonstrate that, for both cut detection and gradual transition detection, the scheme outperforms the existing algorithms and is quite competent for sports video retrieval applications.


Based on the stress monitoring and measuring of coal pillar,the sight hole investigation and other means,a study was conducted on the mine strata pressure behavior law of the mining gateway in No.3 seam of Chengzhuang Mine.In combination with the numerical simulation,the protective coal pillar width of the reapplied gateway under the strong dynamic influences was set su.The results showed that with the high strength,high rigid and high pre-tensioned bolt and anchor combined support applied to the serious dynamic gateway,the surrounding rock failure depth of the gateway was only about 6 m,the width of the protective coal pillar was reduced from previous 40 m to 30 m and the stressed force of the bolt and anchor all could reach over 40% of the broken force.Thus the support capacity of the bolt and anchor could be fully played.The loading capacity of the surrounding rock could be effectively played and the active support target could be reached.


Status of deans and heads of chairs in educational establishments is of crucial importance for the efficient functioning of universities. The author argues that after reforms in labour and education legislation the peculiarities of their positions are not fully realized. Collisions and blanks in normative legal acts cause considerable complications in its implementing.


The structure of an organic molecule can be represented by two types of molecular graphs, which, following Cayley's terminology, are referred to as a plerogram, Pl, (in which each atom is represented by a vertex) and a kenogram, Ke, (in which the hydrogen atoms are disregarded). In contemporary chemical graph theory almost all considerations are based on kenograms. We show that, in the case of alkanes this neglect of plerograms is partially justified. Namely, for TI being any of the numerous recently studied distance-based topological indices, there exists a good linear correlation between TI(Pl) and TI(Ke). If TI is the Wiener index, W, then an exact relation applies: W(Pl) = 9W(Ke) + (3n + 1)2, where n is the number of carbon atoms.


Based on the brittle failure criterion,the relationship between different in-situ stress environments,opening shapes,openings and the depths of brittle failure af were analyzed by Examine2D software.Based on the rule of in-situ stress in China,a series of analyses were carried out to investigate the depth of brittle failure for circular shape in sedimentary.The results show that with the increase of principal stress ratio k,the depth of brittle failure af increases in the form of line and damaged region diverges the direction of the minimum principal stress to the angle of 45- between the minimum in-situ stresses.The damaged region in single opening is axisymmetric,but point-symmetric in openings.Yield region of openings is easy to merge when the angle between the maximum principal stress direction and cavern connection line is 45-.With the increase of the spacing of openings,cavern group effect reduces gradually and the depth of brittle failure is almost equal to that of the single opening.Stress concentration factors in different excavation shapes are different.The depth of brittle failure effectively reduces when the length of prolate axis and minor axis equals k.With the increase of σc,af shows increase trend in the form of exponent.When σc is greater than(9σ10-3σ30),there will be no brittle failure.Magmatic and metamorphic are compared with those in practical engineering,indicating that the results agree well to each other.It can be used to predict the depth of brittle failure in underground excavation.


SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONSThe second edition of ISO 26262, published in 2018, is an international standard for the functional safety of electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems within road vehicles. One of the revisions is the probabilistic metric for random hardware failures (PMHF) formula. We hereafter refer to the PMHF formula in the first edition as the standard's PMHF formula 1 (SF1) and to the PMHF formula in the second edition as the standard's PMHF formula 2 (SF2) to compare with our PMHF formulas.The standard's PMHF formulas, SF1 and SF2, have been widely considered to be mathematical PMHF definitions in the industry. However, we identified the unwritten mathematical PMHF definition in the first edition and demonstrated that SF1 was only a resulting equation derived from our PMHF definition for the first time in the industry.The first edition implied the repairability assumptions of SF1; the intended functionality (IF) is unrepairable, and the safety mechanism (SM) is repairable. Thus, we built an Intended Functionality Unrepairable (IFU) model with the same repairability assumptions in SF1 based on a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) for a general subsystem and proposed a method, which we call the CTMC-based method, to derive the PMHF formula using a stochastic integration of the unavailability density. We derived a PMHF formula, hereafter referred to as XXX's PMHF formula 1 (AF1), of an IFU model corresponding to SF1. The consistency between SF1 and AF1 indicates that SF1 can be derived from the IFU model.We then built an Intended Functionality Repairable (IFR) model where both IF and SM were repairable for the purpose of validating SF2. We derived the PMHF formula, hereafter referred to as XXX's PMHF formula 2 (AF2), of an IFR model using the identical methodology that proved the consistency between SF1 and AF1. Unlike the consistency of these two formulas of SF1 and AF1, AF2 is not consistent with SF2. We focus on the validity of AF2 in this paper, although the discrepancy might be attributed to SF2.Here, we decompose the verified SF1 based on the IFU model into each stochastic constituent that is IF-related and SM-related to validate AF2. We then derive the PMHF formula, hereafter referred to as XXX's PMHF formula 3 (AF3), for a combined element of the IF and SM based on the stochastic constituents for the case where the IF and SM are both repairable. As a result, AF2 and AF3 are identical.In conclusion, we established a novel PMHF formula, AF3, where both elements are repairable by decomposing SF1 into stochastic constituents and applying them to a model combining the IF and SM. The fact that the same formula can be obtained with the simpler method proposed in this paper in addition to the conventional CTMC-based method reinforces the validity of AF2.In our previous papers, we identified specific numerical advantages of the methodology based on AF2 over standards with respect to design constraints for fault-tolerant systems, which is 31-fold smaller than the standard. Therefore, we hope that this paper enables engineers to accurately calculate the PMHF, thereby reducing excessive design constraints on E/E systems applying ISO 26262.


TGF-β1 is critical for maintaining T cell homeostasis. Smad3 has been implicated in this regulatory process, yet the cellular targets and molecular details remain poorly understood. In this study, we report that TGF-β1 impairs the entry of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into the cell cycle as well as their progression through subsequent rounds of division, and show that Smad3 is essential for TGF-β1 to inhibit TCR-induced division of only CD4+ and not CD8+ T cells. Both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from Smad3−/− mice were refractory to TGF-β1-induced inhibition of IL-2 production, thus demonstrating that not all CD8+ T cell responses to TGF-β1 are Smad3 independent. These TGF-β1 effects were all T cell intrinsic, as they were reproduced in purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Finally, we found that Smad3 was critical for the survival of CD8+, but not CD4+ T cells following activation ex vivo. The TCR-induced death of Smad3−/− CD8+ T cells was not dependent upon TNF-α production. Exogenous TGF-β1 partially rescued the CD8+ T cells by signaling through a Smad3-independent pathway. TGF-β1 also enhanced survival of TCR-stimulated CD4+CD44high T cells in a Smad3-independent manner. Collectively, these findings firmly establish for the first time that TGF-β1 discriminately regulates CD4+ and CD8+ T cell expansion by signaling through distinct intracellular pathways.


Abstract The purpose of the paper is a critical analysis of the charismatic movement as an example of ecstatic groups of renewal in the Catholic Church in Belarus. During the analysis of this phenomenon in Belarus in example of charismatic communities of ecstatic orientation were uncovered phase formation and growth of charismatic groups, as well as the characteristic features of the development of Catholic "renewal movement" on the territory of Belarus. The paper presents the analytical data of contemporary religious situation that obtained qualitative research methods. They reflect popular trends observed among the followers of the Catholic charismatic communities ecstatic and modern processes that occur in groups.


Oxidative stress results when the production of oxidants outweighs the capacity of the antioxidant defence mechanisms. This can lead to pathological conditions including cancer and neurodegeneration. Consequently, there is considerable interest in compounds with antioxidant activity, including those from natural sources. Here, we characterise the antioxidant activity of three novel peptides identified in protein hydrolysates from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Under oxidative stress conditions, synthetic versions of the sea cucumber peptides significantly compensate for glutathione depletion, decrease mitochondrial superoxide levels, and alleviate mitophagy in human neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, orally supplied peptides improve survival of the Caenorhabditis elegans after treatment with paraquat, the latter of which leads to the production of excessive oxidative stress. Thus, the sea cucumber peptides exhibit antioxidant activity at both the cellular and organism levels and might prove attractive as nutritional supplements for healthy ageing.


SUTARSYAH. The Development of Online Consultation Service System of Botany the Center for Plant Conservation of Bogor Botanical Gardens. Under direction of KUDANG BORO SEMINAR and EKO SRI MULYANI The rapid advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has significantly influenced the attitude and behavior of communities in acquiring information from various sources connected via internet. One of the missions of Bogor Botanical Garden is to provide information that is relevant and useful to the need of various types of communities (i.e. tourists, researchers, practitioners, businesses, academic institutions and general public). This thesis examines the development of an Online Consultation Service System of Bogor Botanical Garden. The system has been designed to fulfill the functional requirements that include the maintenance and acquisition of knowledge in the form of articles, books, journals, magazines and scientific papers produced and owned by Botanical Garden. The system is also designed to enable online consultation with experts relevant to each category of multidisciplinary knowledge. The prototype of the system has been implemented and partially tested to show the potential applicability of the proposed system. It is recommended that The full implementation of the system needs to set up the supporting infrastructures, to establish rules and policies, to enrich and update the knowledge content, and to socialize and promote the usefulness of the system prototype for the benefit of broader communities.


We deal with the numerical solution of the system of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations with the aid of the interior penalty Galerkin method. We employ a semi-implicit time discretization which leads to the solution of a sequence of linear algebraic systems. We present an efficient solution strategy of these systems with a focus on steady-state problems. Our approach is based on a simple adaptive technique for the choice of the time step and a relatively weak stopping criterion for iterative linear algebraic solvers. The presented numerical experiments show that the proposed strategy is efficient for steady-state problems using various grids, polynomial degrees of approximations and flow regimes. Particularly we show that the computational time for the solution of these systems is smaller than the computational time for their preparation. Finally, we apply this strategy with a minor modification to an unsteady flow.


A novel flexible LCD has been developed by combining plastic film substrates with a FLCP mixture. Its optical response time has been improved by using a newly developed FLC polymer, particular polysiloxane typed structure. Good toughness against external shock has been achieved by arranging columns of UV‐cure resin in the FLC layer. Manufacturing process of this LCD is simple and very unique. Coating the FLCP mixture on a plastic substrate and aligning molecules by bending method are used in the process. This LCD enables to realize a lightweight and flexible document reader called electric‐paper by means of good memory effect and good mechanical durability.


In this study, novel Fe/TiO2-Fe0 composite catalysts were synthesized by dispersion of spherically shaped Fe0 nanoparticles into the surface of porous iron-doped titanium oxide matrices. The porous TiO2 was synthesized using sol-gel method whereas their decoration with Fe0 nanoparticles was achieved using wet impregnation and sodium borohydride reduction methods. Structure and properties of as-prepared composite materials were investigated by various spectroscopic and analytical techniques, such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer (at room temperature and 15 K), μ-Raman and FT-IR spectroscopies, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopies (SEM-TEM), surface area measurements and thermal analysis (DTA/TGA). These measurements indicate that the Fe/TiO2 matrices entirely consisted of anatase crystalline phase with a porous structure (surface area evaluated from the N2-sorption isotherms about 70 m2/g). In Fe/TiO2-Fe0 composite materials, the Fe0 nanoparticles exhibit good dispersion and a typical iron core-iron oxide shell structure with average size of 60 nm. The photocatalytic activity of the iron dopped-TiO2-Fe0 composite was evaluated by the reductive decolourization of methylene blue dye. Furthermore batch experiments were conducted on contaminated water to determine the rate and extent of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] reduction and immobilization by composite catalyst. The mechanism of the kinetic of the adsorption and/or reduction process were discussed according to the experiment results. This system possesses a high potential for environmental application due to the combination of zero valent iron, that can reduce and immobilize different types of toxic compounds and metal ions, and iron-doped porous titanium oxide, that shows enhanced photocatalytic properties than simple TiO2.


It has seen a decrease in the amount of cache per core in order to make space for more cores. The efficiency of cache space becomes an important factor. The set-level unbalanced utilization is analyzed under the fixed capacity when associativity is varied and extended by increasing the number of physical ways (referred as Direct Extension Method (DEM)). We evaluate 29 benchmarks from Spec Cpu2000/2006 in Simics, compare the set-level unbalanced utilization between different associativity quantitatively and explain the trade-off of selecting a proper associativity for the cache with a certain fixed capacity from the view of the set-level unbalanced utilization and workloads. Furthermore, we explain the inherent deficiency of DEM through the statistical analysis of three typical benchmarks' set-level unbalanced utilization.


Achieving network performance is a vital goal in response to the increase of interorganizational networks public organizations involve. The primary aim of this research is to examine the factors that predict performance in public management networks by disentangling the idea that collaboration requires both diversity and unity. Drawing upon diversity theories, social capital theory and management literature as theoretical lenses, this dissertation serves to investigate the following questions: 1. What is the collaborative decision-making process in inter-organizational networks? 2. How does social capital mediate the relationship between network member diversity and performance? 3. How does network management strategy moderate the relationship between social capital and network performance? My dissertation answers these questions by examining Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) in the United States, one of the regional transportation networks. MPOs are formal inter-organizational networks that go beyond informal and intraorganizational networks. The focus here is on collaborative decision-making activities by individuals (mostly top-level administrators) who represent organizations working across their boundaries. This dissertation provides an important evidence of the interactive effects between network management behaviors and structural properties of networks on performance; it also contributes to the existing knowledge of inter-organizational dynamics in transportation planning networks. DIVERSITY, NETWORKS AND PERFORMANCE: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF METROPOLITAN PLANNING ORGANIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES


Inelastic neutron scattering spectra of DNA-fibers are analyzed using ideas formulated recently in the field of the glass transition. The analysis reveals two temperatures, namely, T∼180–200 K and T∼230 K, at which the dynamics of DNA exhibits qualitative changes. The former is similar to the glass transition temperature, whereas the latter is similar to the crossover temperature recognized now as an important point for the dynamics of the glass transition. Exactly in this temperature range many other hydrated biopolymers show some dynamic transition and strong slowing down of their functions. The crossover temperature appears to be close to the crossover temperature of bulk water. A possible relation of the dynamic transition to functions of biomolecules and also to the dynamic transition in the hydration shell is discussed.


The deformation of micron-sized single-crystals is jumpy and stochastic, and this may pose potential formability and reliability problems if components for future micro-machines are to be made from small metal volumes. In this work, micron-sized bi-crystal pillars were fabricated by focussed ion-beam milling from grain-boundary regions in coarse-grained polycrystalline aluminium. Each bi-crystal pillar contained a grain boundary intersecting its top surface, and was subjected to compression using a flat-ended nanoindenter tip. Their deformation was found to have smaller strain bursts, fewer periods of strain hardening at elastic-like rates, as well as greater work-hardening rate and flow stress, than single-crystal pillars of similar sizes. Transmission electron microscopy revealed severe dislocation accumulation in the deformed bi-crystal pillars, whereas the residual dislocation density remained low in single-crystal micro-pillars of similar dimensions after deformation to comparable strains. The results suggest that a grain boundary inside a micro-specimen can trap dislocations inside the specimen, leading to a significant rise in the strain-hardening rate as well as to smoother deformation.


This work used blending and casting method to synthesis sodium alginate/sulfonated-GO (SA/SGO) polymer electrolyte membrane for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The composition of sulfonated-GO in the membrane is varied from 0 wt% to 1 wt%. The functional groups in the membrane were confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis. The water uptake capacity of the membrane as observed was reduced with addition of sulfonated-GO as filler in the membrane. Thus, the proposed membrane has good potential to be an alternative membrane in DMFC application.


Abstract
This study aims to describe the intrinsic elements of Tere Liye's Bidadari-bidadari Surga novels. The method used to obtain data in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Sources of data are excerpts of words, sentences, and discourses found in the novel Bidadari-Bidadari Surga by Tere Liye published by Republika in 2008. Related to the intrinsic elements that build literary works from within, data collection is done by reading data sources and researchers act as instruments. The researcher identifies, classifies, and codifies the data based on the problems studied. The data collection technique of this research uses textual techniques. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner by reading, identifying, interpreting, and interpreting the data then drawing conclusions. The results of the analysis of this study show that the Bidadari-Bidadari Heaven novels have the theme of kinship and characters who are hard-nosed, not open, willing to sacrifice, kind-hearted, naughty, obedient, not deterred, and hardworking from several figures in the story. This novel is worth reading by teenagers, adults, the elderly and the elderly because this novel has a moral value that is very close to society.


The purpose of this work is to make available sources for the study of the church in London during the last quarter of the fourteenth century. It contains three distinct groups of material. The first consists of six documents concerned with the clerical taxes of the years 1379-81. The second is an assessment of ecclesiastical property in the city of London in 1392. The third consists of the acta of William Courtenay, bishop of London 1375-81, collected from the registers of contemporary bishops, the cartularies of religious houses in the diocese and certain classes of Public Records.


A photovoltaic (PV) system is a renewable energy system intended to convert sunlight into the usable electricity. Due to the rapid world infrastructure development, the demand for electricity is increasing drastically. One of the promising energy resources is the PV. The required energy demand can be provided by the increase of PV system deployment. Thus, as part of the design, development and implementation of a new PV system, a system design simulation is essential. This is to ensure that the designed system works properly according to design specifications. For this reason, a PV mathematical model is necessary in the development process of the PV system especially in the MATLAB/Simulink software environment. With the developed PV model, the PV system design and simulation is made handy, thus escalates the future energy demand. This work describes the development of the PV mathematical model in the MATLAB/Simulink software environment based on the PV related equations. The equations are formed by the consideration of the equivalent circuit of PV cell. The developed PV model characteristics such as the Power-Voltage (P-V) and Current-Voltage (I-V) curves are obtained as the simulation output in MATLAB/Simulink. The obtained characteristics are compared to the actual PV model A 100W RNG-50D Renogy, as to verify the effectiveness and closeness of the developed PV model to the real PV module. In addition, in the simulation, a dc-dc boost converter is also designed and integrated with the PV model as to verify the PV module and capability as a PV power source. The simulation results with the dc-dc boost converter DC-DC integration have shown that the developed PV model is very effective to be used for the PV system simulation.


A novel scheme is present to improve the conversion accuracy of ADC.The proposed approach uses adaptive sinusoidal filter.For the measurement of the signal with given frequency,the automatic adjustment of filter coefficients is based on least mean-square error rule,which is a mathematical tool can be employed to make filter output signal achieve the best approximation to the needed one.Then based on the result,it is able to get the amplitude and phase of the measured signal accurately.MATLAB software is used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.It proves that adaptive filter has improved the accuracy and signal-to-noise ratio of ADC,which is equal to increase the conversion digits.


Synopsis The last major retreat stages of the ice in Scotland have been correlated with the different periods of vegetational history as shown by pollen diagrams. The end-moraines can be divided into two stages, the first stage being the Perth Readvance Moraine, during which the ice extended outside the Highlands. The Aberdeen Readvance Moraine probably also belongs to the same stage. During the second stage, here called the Highland Readvance, valley glaciers reached to the mouths of the Highland valleys where small moraine ridges were formed. Samples from mainly lake sediments near the moraine were studied, and the pollen diagrams from them show the general vegetational history of the Late-glacial and Post-glacial periods. The same zones as in other parts of the British Isles are used in the diagrams. The geological and pollen analytical evidence suggests that the Highland Readvance Moraine was formed during the Late-glacial Zone III, and that the Perth Readvance is older than the Alleröd interstadial. The Highland Readvance can now be correlated with the moraines in Scandinavia, the Alps and North America, where they already have been dated.


The present invention discloses a switching control circuit and power supply control method for a quasi-resonant mode, to obtain an output current feedback signal indicative of the output current of the output current information of the sampling circuit, the output current feedback signal and the current sample by switching the plurality of bottom the threshold voltage, when the threshold voltage of said output current feedback signal reaches a bottom, the current control circuit will lock the bottom of the bottom right to switch to another. Meanwhile, the present invention by providing hysteresis interval to prevent jump phenomenon bottom of the feedback signal when the output current of the output current of the switching threshold value close to the bottom. Switching power supply circuit according to the present invention and a control method for controlling the alignment of the resonant mode locked trough has good stability, regardless of the input DC voltage fluctuations.


People have observed and sometimes recorded environmental change, drought, and desertification for several millennia. Today, scientists from a multiplicity of disciplines are intensively observing, recording, analysing, and modelling environmental change from a diversity of perspectives. At the same time, a vast number of people living in drylands are experiencing environmental change including drought and desertification and many of these are dependent on natural resources for their livelihoods. A majority do not have access to scientific data for application in their natural resource management and increased communication from scientists is one potential solution to this dilemma. Another potential solution is local level monitoring and use of locally gathered and analysed information by farmers and local communities. This paper describes one approach to local level monitoring which provides information about environmental conditions for use in resource management and decision-making at national to local levels in Namibia. Such an approach also contributes to drought risk management for those living in drylands.


The world is growing very fast from recent decades. This growth is strongly assisted by technological advancements. From the past few years the technology has taken various forms to aid the people and the companies. Both companies and the people are getting mammoth benefits out of these technological advancements. The changes in technology have created numerous jobs all over the world. And the companies are expecting to create more millions of jobs in the coming future. The technology has made the life easy and comfortable. The companies are investing huge money on research and development. Result of this research and development is automation, which is a latest trend in Information Technology sector. Slowly this has taken more sophisticated form of technology. The development is paced up with this automation. The automation is fast absorbed by IT Companies. The IT companies are deploying automation technologies all over the world in order to reduce maintenance and labour costs. My study tries to focus on the concept of automation in IT, forms of automation and its implication on job market in Indian Information Technology sector.


With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, a neural network is widely used in various fields. The target detection algorithm is mainly based on a neural network, but the accuracy of the target detection algorithm is greatly related to the complexity of the scene and texture. A target detection algorithm based on the RGB-D image from the perspective of the lightweight of the target detection network model and the integration of the depth map to overcome the weak environmental illumination with self-powered sensors information is proposed. This article analyzes the network model structure of YOLOv4 and MobileNet, compares the variation of parameter numbers between depthwise separable convolution and convolutional neural networks, and combines the advantages of the YOLOv4 network and the MobileNetv3 network. The main network of three effective feature layers in YOLOv4 is replaced by the MobileNetv3 network for initial feature layer extraction to strengthen the feature extraction network. At the same time, the standard convolution models in the network are replaced by depthwise separable convolution. The proposed method is compared with YOLOv4 and YOLOv4-MobileNetv3 in this article, and the experimental results show that the proposed network retains its original advantages in accuracy, but the size of the network model is about 23% of that of the YOLOv4 network model, the processing speed is about 42% higher than that of the YOLOv4 network model, and the detection accuracy can still reach 83% in the environment with poor lighting conditions.


The Hamiltonian of a Dirac particle in an arbitrary electromagnetic field is exactly diagonalized by a unitary transformation generalizing previous work which was restricted to time-dependent fields. A very simple form is found for the covariant Heisenberg equations which manifestly exhibits the classical correspondence. These results are obtained in a manifestly covariant form using a previously proposed proper-time quantum mechanics with subsequent specialization to a mass eigenstate resulting in the usual theory. The simple theorem used for this diagonalization is also applied to other transformations for helicity and the free-particle Hamiltonian. The source of difficulty in obtaining these results without an intermediate use of proper-time theory is shown.


A time trend analysis of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the distal colorectum as a proportion of total CRC is presented for the period 1977–1994 as a function of age, to determine the age at which Americans might best be served by screening fiberoptic sigmoidoscopy.


This invention discloses one channel rock loose deformation measurement tube drilling extending meter, which comprises extending bar and at least one layer of extending tube on hollow cover, wherein, extending bar and tube go into measurement hole with one end fixed with drug pack relatively to each measurement point position; the extending bar and tube other end extends to measurement hole fixed with measurement probe; the measurement head circle and extending bar are isolated with certain distance and the measurement head outer end is set with relative plug hole to end tube wall.


Atomic commitment deals with the problem of ensuring tha.teither all or none of the subtransaclions of a multi-system transaction are made permanent. Atomic commitment is made difficult in multidatabase systems due to component system autonomy. which not only makes the implementation of correct alomic commitment protocols more difficult, but also can de{:rease the acceptability oC blocking. Various levels of support for commitment may be provided by the different component systems in a ffiultida.tabase system, and this paper addresses the issue of providing atomic commitment in such an environment. A taxonomy of multidatahase atomic commitment mcthods is provided. This taxonomy is used to devclop a subtransaction taxonomy, which is used in conjunction with an execution model to define the types of multidatabasc transactions that arc committablc, and to construct a unified multidatabasc atomic commitment protocol.


Dielectric development since the mid-1950s, mostly outside North America is described. Emphasis is given to factors that belong to the research environment, such as relations between researchers, institutions, and disciplines, the role of promoters and organizations, the information media, influence from industry, legislation, etc. In conclusion, recent trends in some selected areas are outlined. >


The effection of single factors for NO removal, UV illumination, TiO2 catalyst, oxygen, water vapor, was investigated respectively. The photocatalytic decomposition of NO from flue gas at high concentration level was carried out by nano-TiO2 photocatalyst on the self-made photoreactor. Under optimum experimental conditions, initial concentration in 800mg/m3 −900mg/m3, the removal efficiency for NO reached above 50% and the higher removal efficiency of NO was obtained in this experiment.


Research conducted by Dr. Sonja Lyubomirsky (2007) shows that happier people tend to have larger circles of friends, experience strong social support, and are more likely to be a support for others. But this research also shows that the connection between happiness and relationships goes both directions: happy people tend to have positive social relationships, and positive social relationships tend to make people happier. That means that striving to improve your relationships will, in turn, increase your level of happiness. As you feel happier, you will attract higher-quality relationships, and the upward spiral toward positive outcomes will continue. Either way, having strong, supportive relationships helps during times of stress, anxiety, worry, heartache, and need (Lyubomirsky, 2007). In fact, people who have a strong social support network are healthier and live longer (Verbrugge, 1979).


With the continuous development of China's construction business,water and hydropower construction also shows a booming trend.Many factors change easily in water conservancy and hydropower project,such as the change of design or execution conditions,and adjust of construction period.Thus,there is vital issue that how to solve the matter of contract and claims change in water conservancy and hydropower project construction.Based on author's practical experience,the article discussed how to use some skills to solve the problem of altering claims in water and hydropower construction contract and reduce or eliminate the risk of compliance.


The experiment teaching content,teaching mode,teaching philosophy and examination system were discussed.By reasonably setting experiment content and scientific methods of teaching,various concrete measures were established in order to provide basic theory for cultivating the new type pioneering outstanding chemists.The practice showed that the reform made remarkable achievements.


An optical heterodyne image rejection receiver front end is reported. An image rejection better than 25 dB at an IF frequency of 1.5 GHz was observed. The receiver is realised in fibre-optic techniques.


The tendencies of contemporary global and regional climate changes are characterized using long-term data and model simulations in comparison with paleoclimatic reconstructions. The features of climate change in the Arctic and in different Russian regions are noted. The processes that contribute to the climate "nervousness" are considered. The roles of natural and anthropogenic factors in climate change are determined, as well as the ability of numerical models to adequately assess climate change. Global and regional climate trends and their consequences in the 21st century are assessed.


The objective of this research is to investigate whether a relationship exists between development conditions in government land leases and housing supply and to what extent these development conditions affect Hong Kong's supply of private residential apartments. The Hong Kong government conducts regular studies on local housing demand, such as its 1996 study of housing demand model and study on housing demand. Thus, this paper will focus mainly on examining the supply side of private housing in Hong Kong by giving and overview of Hong Kong's housing supply situation and, in order to understand Hong Kong's land tenure system, a brief background review of the establishment of Hong Kong's leasehold tenure system, as well as a global synopsis of the literature relating to the effects of the leasehold land tenure system, governmental land regulation, development/land use control, and restricted land supply on the housing market. A sample of leases will be randomly chosen to perform and in-depth analysis of the lease conditions to determine commonly specified development conditions in government leases.


Fire blight is a serious disease of apple and pear trees caused by the bacterium, Erwinia amylovora. This bacterium harbors a pathogenesis mechanism known as the Hrp secretory operon which induces some resistance genes and suppresses other resistance genes in the host plant following invasion. While previous researchers analyzed expression of defense genes in apple flowers on detached branches maintained in water (Venisse et al 2002), I used a novel method to examine gene induction in flowers on whole trees. In addition to an avirulent mutant of the pathogen, I also applied biological control agents of fire blight Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 and Pantoea agglomerans C9-1 to flowers to analyze the defense response of apple trees to nonpathogenic epiphytic bacteria. Plant resistance-related proteins were induced early after inoculation with the bacterial treatments, confirming that these genes are part of an immediate defense response. However, since the regulation of genes expressing enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway, chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase, was not limited as a response to colonization by Erwinia amylovora, the expression of these genes may not be dependent on a hrp cluster. The difference in results from previous research may illustrate the variability of plant defense behavior in a changing environment.


We propose a shape reconstruction and color inferring method for 3D objects based on planar symmetry using an active camera. This efficiently creates 3-D models of objects from the binary silhouettes in some views acquired by the active camera whose viewpoints are selected recursively based on the symmetry planes of observed objects. And the lighting condition is measured using color samples before inferring the color of observed objects. The original color data of the plane is inferred from the observed RGB data of the color samples, RGB data of the object observed by the CCD camera, and the surface normal to the point on the surface of the object.


Thank you for reading angels turn their backs. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen readings like this angels turn their backs, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some infectious bugs inside their laptop. angels turn their backs is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the angels turn their backs is universally compatible with any devices to read.


Hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof, by catalysis, high in yield and selectivity, and acetaldehyde, propionic acid, and without significantly conversion to undesired by-products such as acetic acid , dehydrated, acrylic acid, a process for converting the acrylic acid derivative, or a mixture thereof is provided. This catalyst is mixed monophosphate.


Firstly the correlative intermodulation products of traditional QPSK system and modified algorithms are analyzed. Then in view of soft limited transparent transponder, the simulation model is built. The simulation results and the conclusion are presented. The results show that the modified scheme could improve the system performance and the anti-jamming capability notably.


Detailed stratigraphic, structural and mineralogical investigations carried out in the northern part of the Leichhardt River Fault Trough (Bull Creek) as part of a Predictive Minerals Discovery Cooperative Research Centre study have identified several areas of intense hydrothermal alteration. These investigations demonstrate the utility of satellite imagery in identifying and discriminating mineral signatures formed through hydrothermal processes.


Public health performance reports, previously released as PDFs for individual areas, have now been replaced by an Excel tool which contains data for all London PCTs. The tool contains indicators related to six areas: cancer, cardiovascular disease, children, sexual health, health protection and diversity, as well as results for life expectancy and all age all cause mortality.


Background: Research indicates that weight loss programs are effective for reducing body weight temporarily, but weight maintenance studies have been almost uniformly unsuccessful in preventing weight regain. Methods: Subjects who completed a 6-month weight loss study were invited to continue with a weight maintenance program. The weight loss study examined the effects of exercise (20 min strength, 20 min aerobics, twice weekly) and nutrition (1,200 to 1,800 kcal·d−1, 2 daily meal replacement protein shakes) on body weight and body composition. Weight loss program completers experienced improvements (P < 0.05) in body weight, percent fat, fat mass, lean mass, waist girth, and hip girth. Subjects who participated in the weight maintenance program performed the same strength and aerobic exercise protocol, but discontinued caloric restriction and decreased daily meal replacement protein shakes from 2 to 1. Results: After 6 months on the weight maintenance program, participants experienced improvement (P < 0....


A conductivity peak has been found at zero bias in electron-tunneling measurements on single-barrier GaAs/${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$As/GaAs junctions at 4 K in the dark. The spectral dependence of the quenching of the peak has been measured to extract a photoioization cross section which indicates that the peak is associated with the DX defect. Since zero-bias conductance peaks are a signature of tunneling via paramagnetic defects, the data presented here are consistent with the existence of paramagnetic DX defects.


Introduction: Due to high energy demand for growth of the fetus, a mother takes large amount of oxygen for metabolic functions. This oxygen in excess can lead to many pathological conditions and have oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde level in the umbilical cord blood of newborn is indicative of oxidative stress during the perinatal period. The extent of free radicalinduced oxidative stress can be enhanced by the decreased effi ciency of an antioxidant mechanisms. The present study was conducted to investigate the extent of oxidative stress in cesarean section (C/S) and normal vaginal delivery (NVD). Materials and Methods: Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were analyzed in the circulations of 30 umbilical cord blood of neonates born via C/S and NVD. Results: Signifi cantly increased concentrations of plasma TBARS, were observed in cord blood of C/S than NVD and was signifi cantly high (P ≤ 0.0001). Increase levels of lipid peroxidation may be due to excessive oxidative stress. Conclusion: Our study shows that both the mother and their newborn in C/S are exposed to higher oxidative stress as compared with NVD.


Purpose: The study was to examine the relationships between stress, ways of coping and burnout among family caregivers of cancer patients. Methods: Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 207 family caregivers of cancer patients at one university hospital and one general hospital in Busan, Korea. The instruments included a Stress Scale, a Ways of Coping Scale and a Burnout Scale. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients with the SPSS WIN 19.0 program. Results: Stress was found to have significant relationships with age, relation to the patient, education, monthly income, degree of care-giving, financial burden and activities of daily living of patient. In active coping, there were significant differences according to education and religion. Passive coping was significantly related to gender. In burnout, there were significant differences according to age, relation to the patient, education, occupational status, monthly income, degree of care-giving, financial burden and activities of daily living of patient. Stress and burnout showed a positive correlation, while there was a negative correlation between burnout and active coping. Conclusion: These results suggest that promoting active coping would better support family caregivers of cancer patients in managing burnout effectively.


Enhancement and innovation of ideological and political education are strategically significant to achieve the great revival of Chinese nation. As subliminal messages are hidden and can be used to influence people imperceptibly, we try to apply it to ideological and political education in higher education institutions, and evaluate its effectiveness by carrying out series of experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that, after three months, the degrees of approval of students in experimental group improve greatly. It can be concluded that subliminal message technology is effective in ideological and political education.