Abstract: Regional and national surveys provide a broadscale description of the koala's present distribution in Australia. A detailed understanding of its distribution is precluded, however, by past and continuing land clearing across large parts of the koala's range. Koala population density increased in some regions during the late 1800s and then declined dramatically in the early 1900s. The decline was associated with habitat loss, hunting, disease, fire, and drought. Declines are continuing in Queensland and New South Wales. In contrast, dense koala populations in habitat isolates in Victoria and South Australia are managed to reduce population size and browse damage. Current understanding of koala distribution and abundance suggests that the species does not meet Australian criteria as endangered or vulnerable fauna. Its conservation status needs to be reviewed, however, in light of the extensive land clearing in New South Wales and Queensland since the last (1980s) broadscale surveys. Consequently, we recommend that broadacre clearing be curtailed in New South Wales and Queensland and that regular, comprehensive, standardized, national koala surveys be undertaken. Given the fragmentation of koala habitat and regional differences in the status of the koala, we recommended that studies on regional variation in the koala be intensified and that koala ecology in fragmented and naturally restricted habitats be developed. More generally, the National Koala Conservation Strategy should be implemented.


What is the responsibility of an educator—where does it begin and end? We report on a study of teachers at four admired public high schools in urban areas in the US. The teachers describe their deep commitment to meeting students' academic needs, as well as their developmental, social and emotional needs. The ways these teachers construe responsibility requires them to be creative, innovative and flexible inside and outside of the classroom. However, this broad conceptualization puts them at odds with current signals from the larger society, which define their responsibilities narrowly, calling for a focus primarily on the academic needs of students. Despite this tension, many urban teachers work tirelessly to connect with students personally to find new ways to satisfy students' needs—indeed this is how the teachers ultimately derive meaning from their work. With minimal guidance about how to carry out what they see as 'good work', teachers set their own goals and expectations, while also aiming to meet the school, state, and national standards. Teachers worry that at some point in the future, without support from the field, they will not be able to sustain their energy and passion for this challenging work. We focus on how these urban teachers describe and define responsibility in their work, the relationship between responsibility and creativity, challenges teachers face to sustain this work, and how these factors impact teaching as a formal profession.


A Low Temperature and Humidity Chamber Test (hot air drying) from model DY110 is tested in the Solar Energy Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Experiments were carried out to study the effect of drying air temperature and relative humidity on the drying kinetics of turmeric and to develop a model to estimate the drying curves. The values of parameters a, n and the constant k for the models were determined using a plot of curve drying models and data analysis from zunzun.com website. Five different drying models were used to compare with experiment data turmeric drying at temperature of 45°C and 55°C and relative humidity of 20% and 40% respectively. The higher drying temperature and low relative humidity, the moisture content will be rapidly reduced. The most suitable model was selected to best describe the drying behaviour of turmeric. The values of the coefficient of determination (R 2 ), sum of squared absolute error (SSE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used to determine the goodness or the quality of the fit. The Page model is showed a better fit to drying turmeric compared to other models. The temperature at 55°C with relative humidity at 20% is the best choice to dry these samples. The initial and final moisture content of the turmeric are 85.3% (wet basis) and 6.7% (product basis) respectively.


Abstract In 2 years of field trials a branched inflorescence perennial ryegrass ('BIR') selection was compared with a common standard non‐branched perennial ryegrass cv. 'Grasslands Nui' to evaluate seed yield and components of yield. In the second year the trial used high nitrogen (N) rates (240, 300, and 360 kg N ha–1), and the plant growth regulator trinexapac‐ethyl at 400 g active ingredient ha–1. In both years the trials demonstrated that the 'BIR' selection produced more than double the number of spikelets per reproductive tiller and double the number of florets m–2; but had only half the seed yield. Reproductive efficiency assessed as saleable seeds per spikelet was reduced by 75% and floret site utilisation by 67% in the 'BIR' selection compared with 'Nui'. This massive reproductive failure was not ameliorated by providing a non‐limiting nutrient inputs system, or use of a plant growth regulator.


Background. The safe use of medicines largely relies on consumers reading the labeling and packaging carefully and accurately, and being able to comprehend and act on the information presented. We aimed to conduct local study on consumers' perceptions, attitudes and use of written drug information. Methods. A survey included 200 adults of the public in 13 community pharmacies and one main hospital (the University Hospital) in Tripoli city of Libya, using a structured interview technique. Results. The results showed that 73% of participants read drug labels with variation from always (39.72 %) to rarely (10.95%). About 42.46% of pharmacy customers read the Patients Package Inserts (PPIs) routinely, however; 53.42% of them faced difficulties in understanding the labelling. Foreign languages and small font sizes of written information were the most barriers to participants` comprehensibility (44.69 %, 34%) respectively. The findings indicated that 59 % of the respondents were used to obtain information from pharmacists. Despite the relatively high rate of reading to drug labels among pharmacy customers; more than half of them were unable to interpret information correctly. Conclusion. The study demonstrated the need for the implementation of educational and awareness programs for patients by pharmacists to improve the health literacy of medication labels. Steps must be taken to ensure that medicines in Libyan market are supplied with bilingual and non-technical language labels.


Low-energy K−-meson interactions in hydrogen are studied in the following channels: K−+p→K−+p, K−+p→Σ−+π+, K−+p→Σ++π−, and cross sections, as a function of momentum, are presented in the region of 60-300 MeV/c K− laboratory momentum. These cross sections, combined with existing data, are used to fit the zero-effective-range theory of Dalitz and Tuan. Two possible solutions are obtained; the preferred one agrees with previous higher energy data. The favored solution also suggests an S-wave bound state at 1410 MeV, which could be associated with the Y0* at 1405 MeV whose spin is still undetermined. Various properties of the two solutions are presented for K−p interactions and K20p interactions.


In potential applications, the recently discovered high transition temperature (high-Tc) ceramic superconductors (Bednorz and Muller, 1986, Wu et al., 1987, Cava et al., 1987) may experience large mechanical stresses and strains. These can be imposed by magnet fabrication, high magnetic fields, and, in the case of superconducting films, also by thermal contraction mismatch with the substrate material (see, for instance, Baynham, 1988, Severin and de With, 1988). Although mechanical strength of a superconductor may appear to be not as important a property, as, say, high superconducting transition temperature, high upper critical magnetic field or high critical current density, it may play a decisive role, when a superconducting material is used for practical purposes. Since ceramics are brittle materials, and break quite easily when stretched, bent or hit, use of ceramics as practical superconductors requires that they possess high ultimate stress and strain, sufficient fracture toughness and good shock resistance. It is also important that the actual stresses and strains arising in superconducting ceramics at low temperatures can be predicted and, if possible, minimized.


The buckling of the piezoelectric laminated cylindrical shell with throughout circumference delamination is analyzed in this paper. By introducing the Heaviside step function into assumed displacement components and using elastic piezoelectric theory, the constitutive relations of the piezoelectric laminated shell with delamination are established. Then the buckling governing equations of the structure are derived through variational principle. In numerical examples, the effects of delamination length, depth, material property and thickness of piezoelectric layer on the buckling load of piezoelectric laminated shell with delamination are investigated.


The paper reports on a success story of an adjunct, a practitioner with excellent credentials, who "teamed-up" with a "full-time" faculty, in an attempt to bring-in the "practice" to 4th year students in a geotechnical/foundation engineering class. The paper sheds light on this experience, and focuses on the contribution and effectiveness of the adjunct in: course planning, delivery of "practice-related" material, organizing activities and adjunct's ability in engaging students, in and outside the classroom. The positive outcome of this experience has lead other faculty members to follow the same path, i.e., by searching for practitioners - as adjunct faculty- to assist in bringing the practice into the classroom, in partnership with "full-time" faculty.


The
 formation of O 1D from the photolysis of ozone has been observed at photolysis wavelengths between
 305 and 375 nm and relative quantum yields for O 1D production have been determined. Ozone was photolyzed using
 a frequency doubled, optical parametric oscillator. O 1D was monitored indirectly, using laser induced fluorescence
 (LIF) detection of vibrationally excited OH as a ''spectroscopic marker''. Relative O 1D yields were
 measured from 305 to 375 nm at 295 K and from 305 to 340 nm at 273 K. The quantum yield decreases
 between 305 and 325 nm with a temperature dependence in the range between 310 and 325 nm. This is consistent
 with O 1D production via both spin-allowed and spin-forbidden processes. Between 325 and 375
 nm a constant quantum yield of 0.064±0.006 was obtained suggesting production via an exclusively spin-forbidden
 process and indicating that absorption takes place to a single excited state which either predissociates,
 yielding O3P
 and O23Σ−,
 or crosses to another surface before dissociating to produce O 1D and O23Σ−.


Self-supervised learning (SSL) has gained remarkable success, for which contrastive learning (CL) plays a key role. However, the recent development of new non-CL frameworks has achieved comparable or better performance with high improvement potential, prompting researchers to enhance these frameworks further. Assimilating CL into non-CL frameworks has been thought to be beneficial, but empirical evidence indicates no visible improvements. In view of that, this paper proposes a strategy of performing CL along the dimensional direction instead of along the batch direction as done in conventional contrastive learning, named Dimensional Contrastive Learning (DimCL). DimCL aims to enhance the feature diversity, and it can serve as a regularizer to prior SSL frameworks. DimCL has been found to be effective, and the hardness-aware property is identified as a critical reason for its success. Extensive experimental results reveal that assimilating DimCL into SSL frameworks leads to performance improvement by a non-trivial margin on various datasets and backbone architectures.


The smallest possible amount of resources needed for the computation of the ordinary and sliding medians is inves tigated using asymptotic analysis. The resources ana lysed are the time consumption of a software implementation, and the number of gates in a hardware implementation. The complexity of software implementa tion is analysed both for a fixed finite, fixed infinite, and variable size of the universe of data values. For hardware implementation of the ordinary median, three different ways of feeding the data to the circuit are investigated. Several known algorithms are shown optimal in various situations.


Results on an established batch process preparing melt-textured YBCO in high quality and quantity will be reported. We used a standard composition Y1.5Ba2Cu3O7−X+1 wt% CeO2 without further doping to fabricate single-domain YBCO monoliths in different sizes and shapes (cylindrical, quadratic) as well as rectangular multi-seeded YBCO monoliths. Up to 2–3 kg melt-textured YBCO blocks are grown reproducibly in one box furnace run. Top seeding by self-made SmBCO was improved and rationalized. Optimization of oxygen annealing treatment leads to macro-crack free YBCO monoliths. Each YBCO monolith was characterized by integral levitation force and field mapping. In a single-domain quadratic monolith with an edge length of 38 mm a maximum induction of 1.44 T at 77 K and a distance of 0.5 mm was frozen. The reproducibility of the batch process is guaranteed. Mean maximum induction from 1.1 to 1.2 T at 77 K per batch was reached. A trapped magnetic field of 2.5 T was achieved between two single-domain monoliths in a gap of 1.5 mm at 77 K. Depending on the application function, elements with different sizes, designs and more or less complex geometry are constructed in several working steps by cutting, machining, bonding and passivation. Selected function elements were checked with field mapping at 77 K. Results of our function elements in HTSC reluctance motors using single-domain material are shown. We will report on a fly-wheel system and a system to levitate persons.


The solubility of lithium carbonate in aqueous-organic solvents systematically decreases with the increasing content of the organic component. The solubility value can be quantitatively related to the properties of organic additives by linear multiparametric equations containing their cohesion density as the decisive factor.


According to Article 73(1)(ⅲ) of the Korean Trademark Act, if a cancellation action based on non-use is filed, the registrant will have the burden of proving that it used the mark in question as registered sometime during the three-year period immediately preceding the filing date of the cancellation action. Thus, the question is whether a form of the mark actually used is identical to its registered form. The Korean courts allow the trademark registrant to use a slightly modified trademark and if the mark used is considered identical by the consumer, this would be deemed as genuine use.Considering hundreds of cases regarding the acceptable range of identicality of the mark, the Korean courts has tended to be rather strict. The use of a slightly modified trademark is regarded as genuine use, and addition or omission of other elements in the actual market may be permitted, as long as such a element is considered as not being the main part of the trademark. In general, if an element of a trademark is a device, addition or omission of the element based on the actual usage is not deemed to be identical to the registered mark, regardless of the degree of the distinctiveness of the element. However, if an element of a trademark is a word and the element lacks distinctiveness, addition or omission of the element based on the actual usage is deemed to be identical to the registered markIf a registered mark is composed of foreign letters and its Korean transliteration, the Korean Court has denied that addition or omission of the element or alteration to another foreign letters could be deemed as genuine use of the registered mark, even if the pronunciation and meaning are identical to each other. However, the Supreme Court has recently issued a rulings on the genuine use of the combined trademarks consisting of foreign letters and its Korean transliteration based on its merits that now supercedes older precedents. Even if there are consistent decisions rendered by the courts, regulations or guidelines by the administrative or legislative body on the extent of genuine use of the registered trademark would be required.


Company's performance is an essential objective pursued by investors and stakeholders, both for investments decision making and for verifying the way their interests are fulfilled. Calculation of different performance indicators can lead to conflicting results. The current paper aims to analyze the way in which performance of various Romanian economical sector is reflected by different profitability ratios. The results of the research highlights both advantages and limits of several absolute and relative indicators which express performance and offers an image of the hierarchy of the economical sectors subject to analysis.


The onset of e-marketplace, virtual communities and social networking has appreciated the influential capability of online consumer reviews (OCR) and therefore necessitate conglomeration of the body of knowledge. This article attempts to conceptually cluster academic literature in both management and technical domain. The study follows a framework which broadly clusters management research under two heads: OCR Assessment and OCR Implication (business implication). Parallel technical literature has been reviewed to reconcile methodologies adopted in the analysis of text content on the web, majorly reviews. Text mining through automated tools, algorithmic contribution (dominant majorly in technical stream literature) and manual assessment (derived from the stream of content analysis) has been studied in this review article. Literature survey of both the domains is analyzed to propose possible area for further research. Usage of text analysis methods along with statistical and data mining techniques to analyze review text and utilize the knowledge creation for solving managerial issues can possibly constitute further work.


Construction managers are interested in the direction of movement of cash flow at valuation periods rather than its forecast value, and fuzzy set theory applied to decision making might help in this process. Fuzzy models are particularly suited to making decisions involving new technologies where uncertainties inherent in the situation are complex. The problem of healthy cash flow at valuation periods relates to the proper estimation of cash in and out flows and project progress. The paper presents an alternative approach to cash flow analysis for construction projects. This project is based on the assumption that cash flow at particular valuation stages of a project is ambiguous. The paper discusses the weaknesses of existing methods for cash flow and establishes the need for an alternative approach. Using an example of 30 cash flow curves, the advantage of fuzzy cash flow analysis is demonstrated. Results of the analysis are presented and discussed. The model can be used to analyse the cash flow curve of projects at any progress period to make sure it is reasonable.


This research was conducted to determine the contents of sugar and starch between rice cultivar, ASD1 being with high seedling establishment under direct seeding cultivation and IR72 being with poor seedling establishment. The ASD1 rice cultivar was higher in sugar and starch contents than those of IR72 during germination. This result was proven to the previous research output with high seedling establishment in direct seeding condition as well.


This study is realized in the context of the REALMAN project the objective of which is to acquire knowledge and develop advanced technology for the dynamic simulation of human motions in virtual environments. For this project, a large number of task-oriented movements will be studied. A general motion reconstruction method has been proposed (REALMAN, 2OO1). This method is based on a complete human model and movements are reconstructed from the trajectories of external markers. As the identification of the kinematic structure (e.g. joint centre, joint axes) of the human model from external anatomic positions is not well defined, the objective of this work is to validate the proposed motion reconstruction method and to compare it with a more conventional method used in biomechanics.


Part I: Overview 1. The Rise of China: An Overall Assessment Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao and Cheng-yi Lin Part II: Discourse on the Rise of China 2. China's Grand Strategy of "Peaceful Rise": A Prelude to a New Cold War? Masako Ikegami 3. The Domestic Origin of China's Rise and Its International Impact: The Party-State Developmental Syndicate Szu-chien Hsu Part III: Domestic Consequences: Social Unrest and Economic Challenges 4. Growing Social Unrest and Emergent Protest Groups in China Chih-jou Jay Chen 5. China's Economic Development and Its Challenges To-far Wang Part IV: External Strategies to Asia-Pacific and Implications 6. China's Policies towards the Asia-Pacific Region: Changing Perceptions of Self and Changing Others' Perceptions of China?Rosemary Foot 7. The Rise of China and Territorial Disputes Srikanth Kondapalli 8. China's Policies toward the SCO and ARF: Implications for the Asia-Pacific Region Chien-peng Chung Part V: Regional Reactions to China's Rise 9. America's Perspective on China's RiseBruce Cumings 10. Japan's Views on the Rise of China and Its Implications: Bureaucratic Interests and Political Choices Yoshifumi Nakai 11. Beijing's Strategy and Implications for India Vikram Sood 12. The Rise of China and Implications for Southeast Asia: A Philippine Perspective Carolina G. Hernandez 13. Hong Kong Citizens' Evaluations of the "One Country, Two Systems" Practice: Assessing the Role of Political Support for China Timothy Ka-ying Wong and Shirley Po-san Wan 14. A Rising China and Hu Jintao's Taiwan Policies Wen-cheng Lin and Cheng-yi Lin Glossary


This study is a working paper on monitoring strategies used in the U.K., the FRG and the USA to assess exposure to airborne chemical substances. After a brief description of the basic philosophy on monitoring strategies, the requirements formonitoring from the different legal systems in the three countries are presented. The monitoring strategies are divided into small separate entities to facilitate comparison. Successively the initial assessment, surveys which are nonroutinemonitoring, the routine monitoring and their different elements are presented. Special emphasis is laid on how the different elements that can be discerned are covered in practice. A description of reports of monitoring data concludes the presentationof the monitoring strategies. In a final chapter a discussion is given on the material presented.


This is a brief report of the telemedicine and telehealth initiatives developed at the Heart Institute (InCor HC FMUSP) since 2009. The challenges to develop, implement and make the service operational are described. Support was received from the Telemedicine University Network of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, the National Health Fund of Ministry of Health and a private donor to establish this Telemedicine and Telehealth Centre, making it possible for our students, professors and professionals to participate in activities at a distance, such as videoconferences, transmission of surgical procedures, web conferences and online courses. The Centre is also responsible for coordinating all local audio-visual resources available in our classrooms and amphitheatre, as well as producing videos.  Although the main focus of the Centre is education, the Centre provides support for the management of tele-ecg contracts, second opinion services and other opportunities for innovation in the field of telemedicine and telehealth. The current infrastructure has extended integration with other Services of the Institute, leading the acquisition of skills by health professionals, but the challenge remains of raising the awareness of collaborative work at a distance, implementing innovative healthcare services for remote monitoring of our patients with chronic conditions, and assessing their impact. It is mandatory to acquire and use new technologies to add value to patient care and, at the same time, get good return on investment.


Neopentylcobalamin in neutral solution at 25 °C is stable under nitrogen but is decomposed by O2 and by imidazole to give a cob(III)alamin and by hydrogen-atom donors such as thiols and PriOH to give the cob(II) alamin and neopentane. The reaction is ascribed to reversible homolytic fission of the Co–C bond to give a low steady-state concentration of the cob(II)alamin and neopentyl radicals, which can then form neopentane by the abstraction of a hydrogen atom. Neopentylcobinamide is also decomposed by high concentrations of imidazole, while the purely five-co-ordinate neopentylcobalamin in acid and neopentylcobinamide in neutral solution are stable both in the presence and absence of O2. Labilisation of the Co–C bond is ascribed to steric distortion around the co-ordinated C atom in the six-co-ordinate neopentyl complexes. It is suggested that neopentylcobalamin provides a model for the labilisation of the Co–C bond in the vitamin B12 coenzymes, and possible mechanisms for the isomerase reactions are discussed.


We proposed flexible LCD with good adhesion property by novel adhesion technique using thermally curable epoxy to apply roll-to-roll process in manufacturing of LCDs. Since high viscosity of thermally curable epoxy was controlled by the optimized ratio of THF, the micro contact printing technology with the maximum efficiency could be used to realize the flexible LCD. By the mechanical stability test, we demonstrated mechanically stable flexible LCDs against the physical deformations.


The Energy Management System (EMS) in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) determines the optimal use of the available power resources to reduce the total fuel energy over a drive cycle. A real-time EMS that includes start-stop and gear selection in an optimal control framework, could not be found in literature. In this paper, a model-based controller is designed that solves the optimal control problem for a given equivalency between the energy sources, including the discrete control of start-stop and shifting. By approximating a validated vehicle model with piecewise affine functions, the controller converts to a Mixed-Integer Linear Program (MILP), which can be explicitly solved and stored on a real-time controller. In simulation the controller is able to outperform an EMS with heuristic control of start-stop and shifting: on a proprietary drive cycle, the number of gear shift events is reduced by 42%, the number of start-stop events is reduced by 6%, while at the same time fuel economy is improved by 0.3%.


At the end of the nineteenth century Aimé Bogaerts, a Socialist primary school teacher at a Ghent municipal school and from 1901 on the chief editor of the Socialist newspaper 'Vooruit', began a new educational initiative: 'the children of the popular classes from Ghent' ('De Gentsche Volkskinderen'). Children from the working class were invited to sing, to dance, to recite, to do gymnastics and to play theatre. At the same time, short and longer holiday trips to France, the Netherlands, Switzerland, England and Germany were organised. In this paper, based on written primary sources and visual sources, Bogaerts's 'Gentsche Volkskinderen' will be analysed from a double 'child at risk' perspective. First, there is the child at risk on a political‐ideological level. With his initiative Bogaerts wanted to convince working‐class parents to withdraw their children from the activities organised by the Liberal workers' societies as he strongly disagreed with the central Liberal idea of 'moralising the workers by enlightening them'. Second, there is the child at risk on an educational level. Bogaerts wanted to put forward a rationalistic educational project. This double analysis will reveal an interesting educational paradox: integral rationalistic educated children appear as Socialist propaganda tools.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether analysts' optimism affects the stock crash risk.,The sample covers 49,246 firm-year observations for the period between 1995 and 2015. The authors use OLS regressions with firm and year fixed effects for analyses.,The study finds that there is a positive association between analysts' optimism and stock crash risk. Such a positive impact is more pronounced for firms with opaque information environment and for analysts who are considered ex ante credible.,The results indicate that analysts' optimism can be an important source of stock crash risk.,The findings can be useful for informational users of analyst reports. Given that information provided by analysts might have negative consequences, the empirical results can be useful in assessing future stock return behaviors.,This paper has the potential to shed light on the large literature of crash risk. Prior studies suggest that crash is driven by the agency tension between shareholders and managers. It remains possible that crashes could be caused by overpriced stocks in the absence of bad news hoarding. The paper investigates crash from a perspective, financial analysts, that is underexplored.


Hyperbilirubinemia observed beyond the second week of life does not have any risk for the central nervous system but defining the etiology is important for prognosis In this study 231 prolonged jaundice patients were investigated prospectively at Ankara Education and Research Hospital to determine the etiology and the factors influencing prolonged jaundice in terms of clinical and laboratory data Eigthty five cases 36 8 had specific diagnosis based on the etiology whereas no specific diagnosis was made for the majority of cases 63 2 The jaundice in the group with unknown etiology was thought to be due to breast feeding Breast feeding was continued in these babies and no complication occured After an eight week of follow up all cases' bilirubin levels were normal When specific etiological factors were considered; blood group incompatibility was the leading cause 14 7 The others were urinary tract infection 7 41 congenital hypothyroidism 3 9 sepsis 2 6 omphalitis 2 2 and cephal hematoma 1 7 respectively Due to the effect of early diagnosis on the prognosis of prolonged jaundice etiological factors such as congenital hypothyroidism sepsis urinary tract infection extrahepatic biliary atresia congenital heart disease and pyloric stenosis should be ruled out Breastfeeding should be continued in cases with jaundice due to breast feeding and patients should be followed Key words: Breat feeding jaundice hyperbilirubinemia prolonged jaundice neonate


Purpose. The aim of the article is the consideration of theoretical and organizational aspects of forming an effective system of economic security of corporate structures.

Methodology of research. A dialectical method of cognition of economic laws, a systematic approach to the study of economic phenomena, as well as a monographic, abstraction, abstract and logical methods were used to achieve this goal. The methodological basis of the study was theoretical developments of scientists in the analysis of the essence and economic content of the category "economic security". The monographic method was used in the study of literature on economic security, system and analytical – in processing the information.

Findings. The meaning of the concept "economic security of the enterprise" and "economic security of the corporation" is defined. The priority directions in ensuring security and the principles on which the system of ensuring economic security of the corporation is based are highlighted. The mechanism of formation of economic security of the corporation which is based on various approaches and indicators for prevention and levelling of their dangerous displays is offered.

Originality. Approaches to the interpretation of scientific definitions of "corporation", "economic security of the enterprise" are generalized, which allowed to define the concept of "economic security of the corporation", to form a methodological basis for corporate security of companies; outline the priorities, goals and key objectives of ensuring the economic security of corporations while identifying external and internal threats to the security of corporate structures.

Practical value. The obtained results of the study will help increase the efficiency of formation and development of economic security of corporations and will serve as a basis for further research in this area.

Key words: corporation, economic security, principles, system of providing economic security.


The study of interrelationships among yield components in early generations (F2 to F4) of blackgram revealed that the seed yield is an inherent function primarily of pod number and harvest index. A stable trend of positive correlation was also observed between plant height and pod number, pod length, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight, harvest index and grain yield per plant. More over, pod length and seeds per pod showed a positive relationship in almost all the segregating generations of the crosses. A change in degree and magnitude of correlation coefficients in different crosses and in different segregating generations was also observed in the present study which may be attributed to the differences in gene association of the parental lines and the differential segregation and recombination occurring in the early segregating generations.


Airway hyperresponsiveness is the excessive narrowing of the airway lumen caused by stimuli that would cause little or no narrowing in the normal individual. It is one of the cardinal features of asthma but remains largely unexplained. Sometimes, though, clues to the greatest mysteries are right in front of us but we do not see them, and the role of breathing in airway hyperresponsiveness may be one of these clues. The smooth muscle surrounding the airway shortens when it is activated, and as the muscle shortens the airway narrows and breathing tends to become difficult. The lung has a potent built-in defence against bronchospasm, however, and this defence works in the opposite direction; the act of breathing makes it difficult for activated muscle to shorten [1–8]. Asthma is an inflammatory disease, but could it be that it is the failure of this particular defence mechanism which is the most telling end-effect of the inflammatory cascade, and therefore the proximal cause of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma? This idea is not at all new [1], but the emergence of new evidence and new understanding of underlying mechanisms invites reconsideration of this question. We breathe all of the time and we sigh at the rate of about 10 times per hour [9]. The bronchodilating effect of this pattern of breathing is so effective that airway narrowing never approaches dangerous levels in healthy people, even when they fall into the hands of investigators who convince them to inhale high concentrations of bronchoconstricting agents. We can put the potency of this mechanism into perspective with the following observations. The expected physiological range of muscle stretch during spontaneous breathing is about 4–12% of muscle length whereas, in isolated activated muscle, tidal stretches of only 3% of muscle length are enough to inhibit active force generation by 50% [10]. By contrast, extremely high concentrations of isoproterenol (>10-6 M) are required to attain by purely pharmacological means the same degree of relaxation as is caused by the small tidal stretches which occur during breathing (unpublished observations). In healthy volunteers who inhale bronchoconstricting substances such as histamine, there is a reflex increase in the frequency and depth of spontaneous sighs when bronchospasm begins, and these deep inspirations cause prompt and nearly complete dilation of the airway [4, 11]. Even when healthy volunteers inhale some of the most potent known bronchoconstrictors, such as leukotrienes, appreciable bronchospasm cannot be demonstrated unless deep inspirations are prohibited [12]. Taking into account the endogenous levels at which various dilators are found in the airway, these observations suggest that the tidal muscle stretches which are attendant to spontaneous breathing comprise the first line of defence against bronchospasm, and that tidal muscle stretch may be the most potent of all known bronchodilating agents. In an asthmatic attack this bronchodilating mechanism fails. Indeed, there is ample evidence from the work of INGRAM and coworkers [11] to show that, if anything, in an asthmatic attack deep inspirations make matters worse. In this connection, experiments conducted years ago led FISH et al. [1] to the striking observation that airway obstruction in asthma behaves as if it were caused by an intrinsic impairment of the bronchodilating effect of a deep inspiration, as opposed to an inappropriate end-responsiveness of the airway itself. At about the same time, a similar observation led OREHEK et al. [4] to speculate that asthma triggers a vicious circle in which asthmatic airway obstruction increases the frequency of deep inspirations, and deep inspirations, in turn, make the obstruction worse. Although the underlying mechanism is unknown, the impairment of the bronchodilating effect of a deep inspiration is thought to be a feature characteristic of only the late-phase response to allergen challenge and of spontaneous asthmatic obstruction [11, 13]. Therefore, it came as a surprise to learn only recently that an impairment of this kind is easily evoked in completely healthy individuals. Two laboratories have shown that if healthy, nonasthmatic, nonallergic subjects do nothing more than to refrain voluntarily from taking deep inspirations, within 15 min their airways become hyperresponsive to a degree that is virtually indistinguishable from that observed in asthmatic subjects [3, 14, 15]. Even more remarkably, when deep inspirations are eventually reinstated, the subsequent ability of deep inspirations to dilate the airways becomes profoundly impaired, just as it does in spontaneous asthmatic obstruction. Put simply, it is as if the airway smooth muscle, when activated, is all the time flirting with disaster and the mere removal of deep inspirations, which would seem superficially to be a rather trivial matter, is sufficient nonetheless to allow this flirtation to progress to a situation that is much more serious, even in healthy volunteers with no airway inflammation, no history of airway inflammation or allergy, and possessing airways and airway smooth muscle that are perfectly normal. How is all this to be explained? Many mechanisms have been invoked, but perhaps the simplest may lie at the level of the cyclic interaction of myosin with actin, the molecular motor within the airway smooth muscle. When muscle contracts it also becomes stiff [10]. The muscle stiffens when activated because the binding of myosin to actin, Correspondence: J.J. Fredberg, Dept of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Fax: 1 6174323468.


In the early seventeenth century the Bible was everywhere in the spoken word, in texts, songs, and images. Evert Willemsz larded his notes with quotations from the Bible, at times in greatly modified form, then again almost verbatim. Biblical figures supplied role models. This proved advantageous for Evert's social and cultural strategy. The orphans were brought up writing. Evert wrote songs to melodies familiar to him, and writing became the logical means of communication when he was deaf and mute. His four longest texts are rhymed. Singing also occupied a personal place in Evert's cultural world. Although Evert cites only Bible texts in the margin of his songs, he is also indebted, at least indirectly, to the other sources from which those in his immediate surroundings drew wisdom. The Woerden inventories reveal a few additional accents that indicate an especially prominent position of religion in the local visual culture.Keywords: Bible; Evert Willemsz; images; orphans; religious source; rhymes; sounds; visual culture; words


A key issue in the synthesis of molecular imprinted polymer nanoparticles is the identification and optimization of the main factors affecting the material structure and size. This paper describe an experimental design app roach to synthesis bisphenol A molecular imprinted polymer nanoparticles (BPA -MIP NPs) aimed at analysis of the relationship of four selected parameters: the polymerisation temperature, agitation rate, cross-linker to solvent ratio, and percentage of initi ator. The results presented demonstrate the importance of keeping the right balance between these various parameters of polymerisation conditions which are approximately 60 o C, 100rpm, 65% solvent ratio and 1% initiator, respectively. Generally, it can be c oncluded that MIPs should be synthesized using enough heating, adequate agitation, low concentration of initiator and with a bit higher amount of solvent. Such procedure is proven as time and cost effective, and also can be used as a general tool in the pr eparation of MIP NPs for different target molecules.


External management of the university refers to various types of interactive and collaborative activities that university engages in with external organisations, entities and individuals, with the purpose to obtain a more conducive operational environment, more resources, and a better command over university external relations. In the planned system, external management of the university was often passive, focusing on maintaining an accordant relationship with superior educational authorities. In the market system, since the university is granted with more autonomy, external management has become a main measure to operate a university. The scope for external management extends to all organisations that have intellectual and labour need. Management strategies vary by modes of external management of the university. In the market system, management strategies are no longer limited to ask the government for instructions as it used to be in the planned system. New strategies involve agreement, visit, image design, and so on.


A graph H is a minor of another graph G, denoted by $H\ {\prec\sb{m}}\ G,$ if a graph isomorphic to H can be obtained from G by a series of vertex deletions, edge deletions, and edge contractions. Graph minors have been studied for several decades as a way of characterizing classes of graphs. Recent work by Robertson and Seymour has provided further motivation for studying both mathematical and computational aspects of graph minor theory.
This thesis examines some graph-theoretic and algorithmic aspects of graph minors. We examine connectivity, minimum degree, and related minor-ordered functions. In particular, we study the sets of minor-minimal graphs for minimum degree and connectivity 4, 5, and 6, and present several classes of graphs that are minor-minimal for connectivity and minimum degree k, for general values of k. We present sequential and parallel algorithms to test for a $K\sb5$ minor. In the process of describing these algorithms, we prove structural results concerning graphs that do not contain a $K\sb5$ minor. Our $O(n\sp2)$ sequential algorithm tests for the existence of a $K\sb5$ minor in a graph and, if a $K\sb5$ minor exists, returns the branch sets of a $K\sb5$ minor. Our parallel algorithm to find a $K\sb5$ minor in a graph requires $O(\log\sp2 n)$ time and $O(n\sp3\alpha(n, n)/\log\ n)$ processors. Following up on our $K\sb5$ minor algorithm, we examine classes of graphs that do not contain a $K\sb6$ minor. Finally, we examine pathwidth, a minor-ordered function that plays an important role in the work of Robertson and Seymour. We show bounds relating pathwidth, cutwidth and treewidth, and we present a characterization of graphs with pathwidth k, for any value of k.


Purpose

Cooperatives are relatively understudied compared with investor-owned companies, yet their economic impact makes them important to consider. This study is to focus on business cooperatives that gather firms or entrepreneurs that share the same social and economic motivations and need to ally to grow. The positive and negative consequences of membership on the members' business models are detailed. Insights to address and prevent the detrimental influences of membership on members' business model are provided.

Design/methodology/approach

This conceptual study relies on several business cases to suggest that cooperative membership comes with positive and detrimental consequences for the three dimensions of members' business models: their organization, resources and competences and value propositions (i.e. members' offers).

Findings

Because organization, resources and competences, and value propositions are affected by membership in a cooperative, business members' control over their own business models may diminish. This can offer positive consequences but may also be too constraining and harmful in the long term.

Research limitations/implications

Only scant research has investigated the influence of cooperatives on members' business models. Further studies could help firms and entrepreneurs maximize the advantages of their membership in cooperatives while limiting the detrimental consequences over time.

Practical implications

If they are aware of the potential drawbacks of business cooperative membership, members can implement proactive efforts to avoid losing control of their business models.

Originality/value

Prior literature mainly concentrates on how cooperatives work and develop. No prior study seems to have investigated the consequences of cooperatives' membership on members' business models.


s at the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons Annual Scientific Congress. ANZ J. Surg. 2018; 88: 39–44. 6. Dowswell G, Bartlett DC, Futaba K, Whisker L, Pinkney TD; West Midlands Research Collaborative (WMRC), Birmingham, UK. How to set up and manage a trainee-led research collaborative. BMC Med. Educ. 2014; 14: 94. 7. Pidgeon TE, Chandrakumar C, Al Omran Y et al. The Academic Surgical Collaborative: a three-year review of a trainee research collaborative. Ann. Med. Surg. (Lond.) 2018; 28: 38–44. Supporting information Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's web-site: Appendix S1. Research database template. Milton Mui,* MBBS, MSc, BMedSci Justin M. C. Yeung,*† DM, FRCS (General Surgery) Meron Pitcher,* MBBS, FRACS Julian Choi,*† MBBS, FRACS *Department of Surgery, Western Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia and †Department of Surgery, Western Precinct, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia doi: 10.1111/ans.14993 Perspectives 281 © 2019 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons


IS THE TERM "community organization for health education" one that is understood. and the connotations accepted, by public health personnel as it relates to families with limited education and income? Is it possible for persons with a professional background to accept emotionally as well as intellectually the premise that persons from so-called hard-core areas can contribute substantially to the success of health programs? These questions came up time and time again in the Hillsborough County oral polio vaccine program which was conducted early in 1962 in Florida. (Tampa is the county's principal city.) Other questions were: What is a hard-core group? Do we give them this harsh name because they do not respond to our overtures? A hard-core area by public health definition may not be regarded as such by a life insurance agent, a bolita ticket seller, or an itinerant evangelist. Are we in public health a hard-core group in that we have built our programs and practices around the way we think persons of limited income and education ought to act? A few studies in Florida, encouraged by the Public Health Service's "babies and breadwinner" program suggestions for increased poliomyelitis immunization, had raised similar questions. The concept of involving local leaders and community organizations is not new (political campaigners have used it for years), but it was found that this deceptively simple method could be outstandingly successful, if the public health staff knew how to identify the true leaders and how to work with them. A poliomyelitis immunization program, using Salk vaccine, in a small rural group had resulted in a 500 percent increase in protected persons; a liaison worker has been used most effectively in an agricultural migrants' project in south Florida; local leaders in a remote rural area, concerned with hookworm, were able to interest persons who had the worms in improving their sanitation practices. An X-ray campaign in another locality resulted in a 500 percent increase when local leaders were brought into the picture. The 1960 Dade County (Miami) community oral polio program had revealed much about acceptance of this type of immunization by those whom county health departments believe to be hardcore families (1). The Hillsborough program provided an opportunity to try out, on a much larger scale, some of the techniques which were being developed by public health personnel in Florida. The objective of the programi, here oversimplified, was to feed oral polio vaccine (trivalent) in a field trial to a potential 250,000 persons under 40 years of age in the county. A public relations program was underway when health educators were invited to participate. The educators' specific charge was to concentrate on children under 6 years old in the lower socioeconomic group. Planning for this phase of the program began less than 2 months before administration of the vaccine began. Discussion of the public information aspect of the program is not essential here. It consisted of the usual proclamations, sound trucks, radio, newspaper, and television coverage, a telephone information center, and announcements to schools and civic and church groups. It was presumed that this approa,ch would reach many of those in the upper and middle class for it would appear that four factorsbasic education, specific information, personalMiss Reed is director, division of health education, Florida State Board of Health.


The Irish landmass, now at the western extremity of the Eurasian Plate, was formed in the Caledonian Orogeny during the Palaeozoic assembly of Pangea. The associated closure of the Iapetus Ocean is recorded in the NE–SW structural trends that dominate the tectonic set‐up of Ireland today. The deep‐crustal dynamics of the orogeny and the effect on the crust of the subsequent extension and magmatism in the North Atlantic are debated. Fabrics within deep crustal rocks preserve a record of deformation during and after the continental collisions. Here, we measured Rayleigh‐wave phase velocities using seismograms recorded by permanent and temporary intermediate‐band stations in Ireland and inverted the data for phase‐velocity maps, including azimuthal anisotropy. The observed isotropic phase‐velocity heterogeneity reflects moderate crustal thickness and seismic velocity variations across Ireland. Anisotropy of Rayleigh waves at 10–20 s periods shows a NE–SW fast‐propagation direction and is largest (up to 2%) at a 15 s period, at which Rayleigh waves sample primarily the middle and lower crust. The NE–SW trend of the deep‐crustal anisotropic fabric is parallel to tectonic trends, in particular the Iapetus Suture Zone, which indicates that suture‐parallel flow in the middle and lower crust accommodated the continental collision. The apparent preservation of the Caledonian‐age fabric also shows that the deep crust of the Eurasian margin in Ireland was neither stretched by the NW–SE extension associated with the opening of the North Atlantic, nor modified significantly by the Cenozoic magmatism in the region.


The daily variation in protein content of porcine uterine flushings were studied on Days 2-18 and Day 20 of the estrous cycle. Average total protein per sample was relatively con- stant during the first 9 days of the estrous cycle, but began to increase on Day 10. Maximum total protein values were found on Day 15 after which the values decreased sharply to levels on Days 17, 18, and 20 which were similar to those observed before Day 10 of the estrous cycle. Sephadex 0-200 gel filtration revealed three protein fractions (Fractions I-Ill) which were present throughout the estrous cycle and had estimated molecular weights of greater than 200,000, 200,000, and 90,000, respectively. Two additional protein fractions (Fractions IV and V) were not present either before Day 9 or after Day 16 of the estrous cycle. Fraction IV firstappeared on Day 12 and had an estimated mol wt of 45,000. Fraction IV contained a lavender protein which gave the uterine flushings obtained between Days 12 and 16 of the estrous cycle a characteristic lavender color. Fraction V appeared as early as Day 9 and had an estimated mol wt of 20,000. This study indicated that the protein milieu of uterine secretions changes quantitatively and qualitatively during the estrous cycle.


The content of Zn,Fe,Ca,Pb in the blood of 78 children with poor constitution was determined and compared with that of healthy children.The results showed that Fe deficiency and Zn deficiency were prevalent among children with poor constitution.It indicates that Fe deficiency and Zn deficiency play an important role in the occurance and development of children's poor constitution.


Dear Editor: We often can see the climbers drinking alcohol at the summit of the mountain. But there are a lot of risks in descending the mountain under the influence of intoxicants. In the present report "The effects of alcohol on balance at sea level versus the summit of Mt. Fuji (3776m)", we described alcohol kinetics (the change of the expiration alcohol concentration) and the effect of alcohol on balance in three trekkers. Although a scientific study with many subjects is necessary to demonstrate risks of alcohol at high altitudes clearly, we expected that it should be time consuming, and we felt ethical concern for an independent study forcing enrolled subjects to drink alcohol at a high altitude. Then, we considered that an earlier announcement by a style of case report should be adequate to prevent miserable accidents in the next year at Mt. Fuji, which now attract many foreign tourists having interest in world heritage. Mountain climbing at moderate altitudes is becoming increasingly popular in developed countries. Previously, highlands were special areas visited only by trained personnel and alpinists who understood the risks associated with high altitude. Today, the development of transportation technologies e.g., by automobile, train, airplane, helicopter, or ropeway, has provided tourists easy access to high-altitude and very-high-altitude environments. However, many tourists are not necessarily trained for high-altitude conditions which includes awareness of the associated risks. For example, many "amateur" trekkers continue to engage in their everyday sea-level behaviors, such as drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes, even at high altitudes. For example, a previous epidemiological study revealed that more than half of high-altitude tourists ingested alcohol during their first few days at altitude (1). Since Mt. Fuji was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage site in June 2013, this trend will likely continue with increasing numbers of visitors. Here, to inform the risk of drinking alcohol in the mountain, we report the alcohol kinetics measured by breath analyzer and the effect of alcohol on the balance of three trekkers after drinking 500 mL (16.9 ounces) of beer at the summit of Mt. Fuji. The three male trekkers (Table 1) were office workers with a regular physical exercise regimen, and all of them had experienced the same altitude (3776 m) one month earlier and visited another 1300m peak for training, 2 and 3 weeks earlier. They received a yearly health exam at the office, including chest x-ray, electrocardiography, and blood tests, and none of them had medical ailments such as cardiovascular or pulmonary disease. They were all known to present flushing of the skin every time they consumed alcohol. One week prior to their Mt. Fuji trek, at sea level, each subject consumed 500 mL of beer in 10 minutes. Each subject's breath alcohol concentration was measured using an Alcotest 3300R breath analyzer (Drager Safety Japan, Tokyo), 120 minutes after post consumption. A breath analyzer was used for measuring the physiological alcohol concentration. Although some instruction and preparatory training are necessary for their appropriate use, breath analyzers have been used worldwide with acceptable reliability. Balance was assessed by measuring the length of standing time on one leg with eyes closed prior to and 30min after alcohol ingestion. Breath alcohol concentration usually reaches its maximal value, within 30 minutes of ingestion (2). One week after the baseline measurement, the subjects were transported by automobile to an altitude of 2400 m. From this point they ascended on foot 1300 m to the summit of Mt. Fuji, each subject carried about 10 kg(22 pounds) backpack. The transportation by automobile from sea level to an altitude of 2400 m took approximately 4 hours. The trekking duration required 4 hours from 2400 m to the summit of Mt. Fuji (Subashiri-Yoshida route; summit, 3720 m). …


This paper uses the sequence data of 1985~2010 to study the relationship of patent outputs and the GDP of Guangdong by co-integration test and Granger causality.The results show that: patent outputs and the GDP of Guangdong have the long-term stable relations and the coefficient is 0.294817,between the two-variable 2-direction Granger causes were tested at 10% level,but that impulse intension of patent outputs to economic growth was stronger than that of economic growth to patent outputs at 5% level.The result showed that the research of Guangdong lack of invest.The rapid growth of economic has not brought increase in quantity of patent outputs.Our country needs to deepen the reform of the science and technology system,and improve the mechanism of technical funds investment constantly.Our country must increase the financial support,strengthen the construction of scientific research infrastructure and create good environment of scientific research.


This theological roundtable has stand-alone articles that are complementary and together trace a flow toward ecclesial participation, of movements of bodies and voices, toward full inclusion in the Catholic Church. These works, taken together, can shed light on the dynamism and development of the church when it responds to pressing social and cultural needs—from official development of structures within the ordained magisterium in response to poverty and economic crises (Yount) to students moving together for change and participatory inclusion (Ahern) and from lay adults forming social action communities for racial justice (Rademacher) and, building on the experience of lay LGBTQ+ Catholics, to demand ecclesial participation (Flanagan). It is movements such as these that call and enact development in the church, and knowing what has come before can prompt our own reflection on what needs to come next and the role of each of us in that.


A dual directional connector, comprising a first and second opposite major sides and a plurality of vanes connected to electrical contacts carried by the connector tab. It comprises a plurality of contact points formed in a first set of external contacts are formed in a second set point and the external contact point at the second major side of the first major side. A first plurality of spaced contact points and the connector tab is formed symmetrically with the second plurality of contact points having a 180 degree symmetry so that it can be inserted in to certain of any of the two orientations and operatively coupled to a corresponding the receptacle connector.


Aim:  Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common risk factor for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Western populations; however, no prospective studies have examined MetS as a risk factor for CKD in Chinese adults.


This paper outlines the latest results of the research on the modeling of self similar processes In addition,the advantages and disadvantages of these models are analyzed Our result may offer some reference to the processing of self similar signals


We researched on the population dynamics of Anoplophora nobilis by biology and ecology method in this paper.The results showed that the adult begin eclosion in late may,and attained the peak eclosion in June 20th,at the end of august adult eclosion is coming to an end.The female adult start laying eggs in early six month and in early July the peak Oviposition was achieved.In late June the eggs begin to hatch into larvae,the larval stage up to 300 days,Pupal period is about 15 days,its life very concealment,and have high survival rate.Finally,the author points out the suitable climate,special planting pattern,inadequate the natural enemies populations and category were the most important factor lead to occurrence,propagation,diffusion of the Anoplophora nobilis.


Mechanically using or arbitrarily denying certain teaching methods will surely cause great loss to language teaching. Therefore, teachers of foreign languages should use different teaching methods flexibly and properly according to their own conditions. It is preferable make to full use of the mutual-complement of all the teaching methods and use versatile ways to achieve better teaching results. This paper focuses on the problems arising from the prevalent teaching method communicative language teaching CLT preferred by students and arrives at the conclussion that CLT should stand by the traditional teaching methods.


In this paper, the necessity and key questions for detection of counterfeit components is being described. Main goal is to inform professionals from academic as well as from industry sector how to detect counterfeit parts and be confident with evaluation. For these purposes some standard and some more specific methods are described more in detail. Electrolytic capacitors are very often used in the electronic equipment's in wide range of products including computers, medical equipment, automobiles, avionics and military systems due to their high capacitance to volume ratio. This study examines suspicious samples of aluminum electrolytic capacitor purchased on open market that were unknowingly assembled in power supplies. Based on the systematic detection methodology, the counterfeit components were identified, and their reliability relative to genuine parts was assessed. Key-Words: suspicious sample, electrolytic capacitor, detection, reliability


This paper describes the effect of cyclic elevated temperature loading on refractory slabs made from high performance, fibre reinforced cement composite. Slabs were produced from aluminous cement-based composites, reinforced by different dosages of basalt fibres. The composite investigated in this study had self-compacting characteristics. The slabs used were exposed to different thermal loading – 600 °C, 1000 °C, six times applied 600 °C and 1000 °C. Then, flexural strength was investigated in all groups of slabs, including group reference slabs with no thermal loading. The results show that the appropriate combination of aluminous cement, natural basalt aggregate, fine filler and basalt fibres in dosage 1.00% of volume is able to successfully resist to cyclic temperature loading. Tensile strength in bending of these slabs (after cyclic temperature loading at 600 °C) achieved 6.0 MPa. It was demonstrated that it is possible to use this composite for high extensive conditions in real industrial conditions.


The reinforcement with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) consists of a carbon fiber and epoxy adhesive system and, when exposed to high temperatures, epoxy glue is released, the epoxy material loses its efficiency. Therefore the need for structural reinforcement protection. The cost with the protection of the structural reinforcement is feasible, if compared with the cost already used for the repair of the structure, guaranteeing longer durability. In the CFRP system the application of the refractory mortar is responsible for the delay of the collapse of the structure and, in addition, the system has few losses, being adaptable to different types of projects and forms. The present article aimed to demonstrate the influence of different thicknesses of refractory mortar coatings on the flexural tensile strength of reinforced CFRP concrete parts submitted to a temperature of 200oC. Therefore, an experimental program was carried out, which consisted in the production of prismatic concrete specimens reinforced with carbon fiber, coated with refractory mortar in three different thicknesses, being 10mm, 15mm and 20mm. Subsequently, they were exposed to a temperature of 200 ° C during 24 hours and then requested in a hydraulic press to carry out the flexural traction test. It was observed that the thickness of 15mm obtained average gains of resistance bigger than the thicknesses of 10mm and 20mm, when compared to the average values of the reference pieces, being a gain of 74% of resistance. It was concluded that the thickness of the coating influenced the flexural tensile strength.


Objective To construct recombinant lentiviral vectors for RNA interference(RNAi) targeting a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17(ADAM17) gene and package recombinant lentivirus.Method Four pairs of short hairpin RNA(shRNA) sequences were designed according to the sequence of human ADAM17 gene.After synthesis and annealing,the double-stranded oligonucleotides were cloned into the pLVTHM vectors,which were confirmed using DNA sequencing analysis.The silencing effects of the ADAM17 siRNA expression vectors were analyzed.The most effective ADAM17 RNAi expression vector was packaged to recombinant lentivirus in 293T cells.The titer of lentivirus was detected by flow cytometry.Result DNA sequencing demonstrated that the recombinant lentiviral vectors were constructed successfully.The most effective ADAM17 siRNA expression vector was selected successfully.Then the recombinant lentivirus containing human ADAM17 gene was packaged successfully and its titer was 2.16×108 TU/mL.Conclusion The recombinant lentiviral vector targeting human ADAM17 gene was constructed,and the recombinant lentivirus was packaged successfully.


Microlasers based on high quality (Q) whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonance are promising low threshold laser sources for bio-sensing and imaging applications. In this Letter, dye-doped polymer microspheres were fabricated by a controlling emulsion solvent evaporation method. WGM lasing with low threshold and high Q factors was realized in an individual microsphere under femtosecond laser pumping. The slight change of environmental relative humidity (RH) can be monitored by measuring the shift of the lasing modes at the exposure of water molecules, which demonstrates the sensitivity is as high as 6 pm/RH%. The results would offer an insight into employing microlasers as sensors.


Short-wave fadeout (SWF) is one of the first space weather effects to occur in the ionosphere following a solar flare and leads to severe disruption of ionospheric HF systems. The disruption is produced by flare-enhanced energetic radiations that penetrate to the D-layer where they enhance ionization that leads to heavy absorption of high-frequency (HF, 3–30 MHz) radio signal over much of the dayside for an hour or more. In this paper, we describe two probabilistic anomaly detection schemes that have been used to detect SWF events produced by M and X class flares in Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) observations. The two schemes are based on statistical Z-score and nonlinear energy operators. Performance of the detection schemes varies with flare intensity and parameters of the detection schemes. We find a correlation coefficient ~0.73 between flare counts per month and SWF counts per month detected using the Z-score scheme.


The amount of soil microorganisms, amino acid content, and nucleic acid content were estimated in soddy-podzolic soils under coniferous forests of Belarus that were contaminated by radioactive deposition in the range from 0.6 to 192 Ci1km 2 . Soil microbiota activity tends to increase at moderate deposition (10-50 Ci/km 2 ), and high radiation dose rates suppress the metabolic activity of soil microorganisns. A prognostic model of factor interaction was developed on the basis of regression-correlative analysis, with the preferred registration of the radiation dose by the content of DNA and biomass of microorganisms.


Slavery is alive and well hundreds of years after wars were fought to abolish it, and it is a growing part of the larger global problem of human trafficking. While no longer openly practiced, it is still flourishing on a de facto, covert level. Kevin Bales, director of Free the Slaves (Washington, D.C.) and sociology professor at the University of Surrey, states that 27 million people are enslaved worldwide, of whom 15 million to 20 million are bonded labor in Nepal, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan.1 And according to the latest Trafficking in Human Persons Report, by 2010, human trafficking will be the No. 1 crime worldwide.2 As Professor Bales points out, modern consumers of slave labor have all the benefits without any responsibility; their victims, however, have all the misery, despair and even horror of slavery, yet without any of the protections: "[This] is not about owning people in the traditional sense of the old slavery, but about controlling them completely. People become completely disposable tools for making money.... In the past, slavery entailed one person legally owning another person, but modern slavery is different. Today slavery is illegal everywhere, and there is no more legal ownership of human beings. When people buy slaves today, they don't ask for a receipt or


Particulate matters with aerodynamicdiameter less than 10 μm (PM10) were collected with high‐volume samplers for four periods of consecutive samplings. Each period included a high PM10 (defined as PM10 ≥110 μg/m3) episode. The concentrations of all ionic species of high PM10 day (HPD) samples were higher than those of low PM10 (defined as PM10 < 110μg/m3) d (LPD) samples. Using the ionic concentrations of HPD samples at each station divided by those of LPD samples at respective stations, the results showed thatNO  3− increased most from LPD to HPD among the eight ionic species examined. A high mean value (3.15) of NO  3− /elemental carbon (EC) ratio of HPD divided by that of LPD indicates that concentration variations due to chemical formation and nonchemical factors apparently were higher than those of the concentration variations due to nonchemical factors alone. The NO  3− /SO  2−4 ratio of HPD divided by that of LPD ranged from 1.62 to 3.92 for the four periods. The results indicate that more nitrate than sulfate had formed during high PM10 episodes. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the percentage of NH  4+ associated with nitrate and sulfate decreased and the percentage that could be explained by Ca2+ and Na+ increased on HPD. The reactions of HNO3 and H2SO4 with sea salt particles and with aqueous carbonates on soil particles during HPD were considered the main causes leading to these variations.


Learning SAS for the first time as a budding epidemiologist in graduate school, I remember being amazed at how powerful and customizable SAS was in making sense of huge amounts of data. I also remember being very intimidated by all the moving parts involved in learning such a program! My study and use of SAS has continued since that time, specifically now as a Doctor of Public Health student. I have often wondered how much farther along my research would be at this point had I learned SAS in high school. When one of my professors recently told me that resources are available for teaching SAS at that level, it prompted me to ask a local high school teacher what she thought about teaching SAS to her students. When she replied that she thought it was a great idea but did not know how she could do this, I realized this was a gap that needed to be filled. The aim of this presentation is to raise the awareness of educators about the importance of, and resources available for, teaching SAS to high school students.


The effect of a new thromboxane receptor blocking drug GR32191 ([1R-[1α(Z),2β,3β,5α]]-(+)-7-[5-[[(1,1"-biphenyl)-4-yl]methoxy] -3-hydroxy-2-(l-piperidinyl)cyclopentyl]-4-heptenoic acid,hydrochloride) has been examined upon platelets and vascular smooth muscle. In human platelet-rich plasma (PRP), aggregation to thromboxane(Tx) A2, PGH2, arachidonic acid, collagen andU-46619 was antagonised by GR32191 (IC50 range 2-36 nM).Primary aggregation (PRP treated with aspirin 10 pM) to ADP, 5-HT and adrenaline were unaffected by concentrations of GR32191 up to 10 pM. In human PRP, U-46619-induced aggregation and 5-HT release were antagonised by GR32191(10-100 nM). In contrast, in theabsence of aspirin, ADP-induced 5-HT release,but not aggregation, was antagonised by the compound implicating a role for TXA2 in the release process. In human PRP GR32191 (up to 30μM) did not itself induce aggregation or, in the presence of EGTA (4 mM), induce detectable shape change. Up to 10 μM GR32191 was without effect upon the inhibitory activity of PGI2 or PGD2 and at 1μMhad no significant inhibitory activity upon fatty acid cyclooxygenase, thromboxane synthase, prostacyclin synthase, 12-lipoxygenase orphosphodiesterase. The effect of GR32191was quantified further in human platelets suspended in whole blood or physiological salt solution. Aggregation to U-46619 was antagonised byGR32191 with a pA2 (slope of the Schild regression) of 8.2 (1.3) in whole blood and 8.8 (1.3) in resuspended platelets. The compound competitively and specifically antagonised the contractions of strips of human isolatedpulmonary blood vessels and rat and guinea-pig aortic strips produced by U-46619 with pA2 (slope) values of 8.2 (1.1), 7.9 (0.9) and 8.7(0.9) respectively. In contrast contractions induced by KC1 and 5-HT (rat) orKC1and histamine (guinea-pig) were unaffectedbyconcentrations of GR32191 up to 30 μM.Thus GR32191 is a potent and specific thromboxane receptor blocking drug on platelets and vascular smooth muscle in vitro. It is orally active and long lasting in man (Thomas, M et al.,this meeting).


Negative skin friction resistance most possibly exists in piles engineering. Technology of PCC pile is a new ground improvement technology developed independently by Hohai University. Study on negative skin friction of PCC pile hasn't been carried out. Combined with the previous results and the property of PCC pile, based on Terzaghi consolidation theory, mechanism of negative skin friction of PCC pile has been studied. The results indicated that the negative skin friction doesn't exist on plug and outside negative friciton can be calculated by previous methods. Differential equation is concluded but it is needed to be proved by tests.


Purpose To evaluate and compare the quality of vision and accommodative amplitude after implantation of the Crystalens AT45 intraocular lens (IOL) versus standard monofocal IOLs.


In the south-western part of there occur episodic tremor and slip beneath Nankai These short-term slow slip events (S-SSEs) especially in Tokai region are known to be very small and hard to detect by GPS. Our study is a trial for monitoring these S-SSEs by GPS data. several stations or correspondence with tremors. We conducted feasibility study for the automatic detection of the S-SSEs using GPS. The aimed event was the S-SSE occurred in January 2006 beneath western Mikawa. The moment magnitude of it was estimated to be Mw 5.5 by JMA. We confirmed that the GPS data covering Tokai region were successfully inverted to the slip just around the source of the tremor at the corresponding time. The used data were obtained at 69 stations of GEONET and 35 stations by GPS university consortium of Japan from December 1, 2005 to December 31, 2006. Positioning was done by GAMIT ver.10.35 software. The calculated positions were processed by the method by Satomura et al.,[2008;JPGU] to reduce fluctuation and then inverted by a method based on theory by Yabuki and Matsuura.,[1992;GJI]. The maximum slip of about 1 cm was detected around the focal area of the tremor. The next step is to extend the temporal and spatial expansion of the GPS data eastward to Suruga Trough, westward to Bungo Channel, back to 2002 and forward to 2010. We will try to detect the spatio-temporal distribution of the SSEs beneath south-west automatically. Tokai Earthquake is presumed to occur in the near future along the boundary of subducting Philippines Sea Plate and Amurian Plate in the Tokai district. Therefore, very dense GPS network has been constructed in order to detect the precursory signal of the earthquake.Aslowslipevent was found to occur under the Lake Hamana between 2000 and 2005 by the GPS observation results. This slow slip event occurred at deeper area of the presumed source area and it might change the conditions of the locking status on the source fault of the Tokai Earthquake. We processed the GPS data to obtain the detailed dilatation velocities in the last report (Ukei et al., 2010). The results corre-sponded well with the model calculated from the asperity model by Matsumura (2007). We processed more data than the last report to get more reliable results. We processed 95 GPS stations data which is 29 more than the last one. The duration was 3 years from January 2004 to December 2006. GAMIT ver.10.35 was used referring to ITRF2005. The results obtained showed the clear dilatation velocity change before and after the stop of the slow slip, and also showed better correspondence with those calculated from the asperity model than the last results. We also obtained the slip distribution from the velocity data by using inversion method by Yabuki and Matsu'ura (1992) on the plate boundary obtained by Ohta et al. (2004). This results showed that the homogeneous back-slip in the source area of the Tokai Earthquake. It is inconsistent with the results from dilatation velocity data. In the Tokai area, central Japan, the continuous crustal deformation due to the interaction between subducting Philippine Sea Plate and overlying continental plate have been observed by many methods such as GPS and leveling. We developed these data in order to know full picture of the plate coupling process macroscopically. We developed the GPS data from 1996 to 2010 as following: we cut the time series of daily GPS coordinates into two-year-length time series and removed annual and semi-annual components to obtain mean annual velocity. Using this value, we estimated plate coupling on the plate interface using the geodetic inversion method. The results showed that the plate coupling had three phases: 1) strong slip deficit in the offshore region before 2000, 2) forward slip beneath the inland region in addition to the stronger slip deficit in the same region as 1 between 2000-2004, and 3) the same distribution as 2 but the smaller size than 2 since about 2006. Phase 2 might indicate the slow slip event. We also developed the leveling data from 1996 to 2008. We picked it up to make five-year-length time series and estimated mean annual velocity in the interval, because unlike the daily GPS coordinates, the leveling observations were taken place usually only once a year. Although the interval of the analysis was slightly different, the overall trend resembled the results using GPS data mentioned above. The estimated coupling distribution by GPS data could make the leveling data, and vice versa. These results showed that GPS and leveling data were consistent each other and suggested that the result of geodetic inversion became more accurate if the geodetic inversion using both GPS and leveling data was made. The Philippine Sea plate is subducting beneath southwest Japan at the Nankai Trough causing elastic shortening of the crust in the direction of plate convergence. To better understand interplate megathrust earthquake cycle, distribution of plate coupling on the plate interface at the interseismic stage should be monitored. The biggest problem may be a modeling of plate interface that changes abruptly its strike and dip-angle. Instead of conventional rectangular faults, we use a number of triangular elements to reproduce the plate interface in this study. We invert three-dimensional GPS velocities to estimate interseismic slip deficit rates at the Nankai Trough plate interface. At first we calculate horizontal velocities relative to the Amurian plate and vertical velocities with respect to the ellipsoid at 430 GEONET stations in southwest Japan. We use final coordinate solutions of GSI (F3 solutions) during the period of January 2004 to December 2009. Next plate interface in depth of 4-60 km is reproduced by 533 triangular elements without any gap or overlap. In the inversion analysis, we employ Poly3D (Maerten et al., 2005) and apply a boundary condition of zero-coupling at the margin of the model space and a constraint of smoothness for spatial variation of slip deficit rates between the elements. The result shows that the regions of the highest slip deficit rate (nearly 100% of plate coupling) are estimated off Sikoku and Kii peninsula. These regions are in accordance with the asperities of the 1946 Nankai earthquake and consistent with the results of the previous studies. Nearly 70% of coupling is estimated beneath the Bungo channel where long-term slow slip event (L-SSE) has been detected every 6-7 years. Cumulative slip deficit in one interval of the L-SSE (6-7 years) is roughly equivalent to the maximum slip of the 2003 and 2010 L-SSEs (about 30cm) if plate convergence rate (70 mm/yr from a global plate model) and plate coupling (70% in this study) are assumed. Moreover recent studies have revealed that crustal deformation field in southwest Japan involves lateral motion of the forearc block along the Median Tectonic Line (MTL). Assuming that the shallower portion of the MTL fault plane is locked but aseismic forearc block motion is going on along the deeper portion of the MTL, we calculate contributions of the MTL and remove them from the observed GPS velocity field. Reanalysed results show that slip deficit rates that have been overestimated especially in the western part of the model space are improved. The detectability of interplate fault slip on the Pacific plate is investigated using the GPS Earth observation network system (GEONET) in Japan. The detectability is calculated in term of two characteristic parameters; threshold of the data and number of stations.Itisexpected to detect the interplate fault slip with a moment magnitude of greater than 6.5 in the wide area of the plate interface when the threshold and number of station are 3mm and 3, respectively. Longitudinal valley faults in eastern Taiwan are commonly considered collision boundary between the Eurasian plate and Philippine sea plate. Yuili fault, one of the active segments of the longitudinal valley faults, is reverse fault with east dip. We established about 30km leveling route from Yuli to Changbin to detect the vertical deformation in detail (Murase et al. 2009). The installation interval of benchmarks near the fault area is about 100 m. Others were installed every about 300m. The precise leveling surveys were conducted in August 2008, August 2009 and August 2010. The overview of the deformation detected in the period from 2008 to 2010 is as follows. It was detected about 3.0 cm/year uplift, referred to the west end of our route, at about 2km region across the fault. Uplift was gradually-reduced with the distance from the fault, and was 1.5 cm/year at the east coast. In the observation period, there is no significant earthquake in Yuli fault. It suggests the detected deformation as a cause for the aseismic creep motion of the Yuli fault. The deformation detected in the period from 2009 to 2010 denotes the same tendency and rate of that from 2008 to 2009. It suggests that the creeping occur at the same location of the fault with constant rate. From these deformation, the preliminary creep distribution was estimated in the Yuli fault. We adopted a two-dimensional reverse fault model to estimate the creep distribution. The fault geometry was optimized using the genetic algorithm in order to conform to the leveling data. The goodness of the fit of the examined models is determined on the basis of Akaike's information criteria (AIC; Akaike,1973). In August 2010, we installed more three routes in Yuli and conducted them. Since it was first time to conduct the leveling survey in these new routes, we will be able to detect deformations next year. In this meeting, we will present an overview and our purpose of our observation in the new routes. Satellite-based geodetic observations (GPS and/or InSAR) can provide precise constraints on the mechanisms that drive stress-relaxation following an earthquake Hager Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 19, 351, 1991; Massonnet & Feigl, Rev. Geophys., 36, 441, 1998]. Among sev


In traditional societies, nutrition and health care are strongly unified as several plants have been consumed both as food and for nutritional purposes. Millet's are inexpensive and nutritionally comparable or even superior to major cereals and are consumed traditionally as health and vitality foods in ancient India. The aim of this study is to determine the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical and antioxidant properties of Barnyard and Proso millet. The qualitative phytochemical analysis was carried out by using organic solvents such as distilled water, ethanol, chloroform and methanol. Among the four solvent the methanol extract shows the strong presence of alkaloid, phenol, steroid, carbohydrate, amino acid, tannin, protein steroids, saponin and amino acid. The quantitative phytochemical analysis, the Proso millet, contains 47.07 mg GAE/g of phenol, 51.02 mg RE/g of flavonoids and 3.96 mg/g of tannin. Where, the Banyard millet 16.07 mg GAE/g of phenol, 30.04 mg RE/g of flavonoids and 1.05 mg/g of tannin. The antioxidant activity were assessed through the DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power assay using chloroform and methanol extract, which shows strong antioxidant potential. The result of study showed the importance of millet's as antioxidant sources that enhance the antioxidant properties of human beings and in the management of age related human ailments.


ABSTRACT An efficient base catalyzed one pot multicomponent reaction of aryl/hetryl chalcones, thiosemicarbazide and 1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-bromoethan-1-one was developed to synthesize the novel 4-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-(3-(aryl/heteryl)-5-(aryl/heteryl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1yl)thiazole derivatives. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Preceding the construction of a future repository of spent nuclear fuel, a descriptive ecosystem model has to be developed in order to meet the demands set by a safety assessment. The descriptive ecosystem model should be able to describe stocks and flows of matter, and processes that may affect these on a broad landscape scale. Here we describe the planned strategy to develop such a model in three steps; the conceptual model, introduction of site-specific data and, transfer and accumulation of matter in the landscape. The suggested method is based on an ecosystem approach using site-specific data. A mass balanced ecosystem model with food webs provide a way of analysing how matter are linked to different ecosystem components through fluxes. It is suggested that estimated inflow and outflow of matter in mass balanced ecosystem units will reduce the potential variation of transport and accumulation of matter by setting the physical and biological limits to the system. In this paper we present a strategy to build a descriptive ecosystem model and shows examples from the ongoing descriptions at Forsmark and Simpevarp in the Swedish site investigation programme to illustrate the ideas.


The agricultural tractor is designed to replace the live traction force with the main purpose - to increase the productivity of the farmer. But among the indicators of the tractor, characterizing its technical and technological level, there is no generalized performance indicator, reflecting the main property by which it would be possible to make a comparative evaluation of tractors of different models. The need to introduce an indicator of the productivity of the tractor has increased recently due to the significantly increased energy saturation. This increase in energy saturation is chaotic and is accompanied by a different mismatch in engine power and the weight of the tractor. There is a "surplus" power of the engine, which can not be used, because the traction force of the tractor is limited by its weight, and the speed of movement - by agrotechnical requirements. In these conditions, the introduction of the indicator of the tractor's performance in the number of indicators of the technical and technological level of the tractor acquires even greater urgency. The article defines the concept, substantiated and proposed a calculated indicator of agricultural tractor productivity - potential productivity. Potential productivity is proposed to understand the changeable design capacity of a tractor with a gun of such a width, at which its traction resistance is equal to the nominal design traction force of the tractor, and the speed of the machine-tractor unit is maximum for a given engine power, but does not exceed the speed established by the rules of agricultural technology. It is proposed to accept the potential performance of an agricultural tractor as one of its basic indicators of the technical and technological characteristics of the tractor in addition to the existing ones, and also to indicate in the list of technical parameters of the tractor.


Abstract : Virtually all third-generation computer systems collect and record computer accounting data. However, these data are seldom used except at those installations that use accounting data to charge for computer services. This report describes the types of accounting data generally available at most computer installations. It then discusses techniques for conditioning and reducing the data, along with various reports on system performance and workload characteristics that can be generated from the data. The report mainly concerns specific applications of accounting-data analysis in computer performance analysis. The most heavily stressed application employs the statistical analysis tools of regression analysis and cluster analysis to measure the effects on performance of a major system modification. Other applications of accounting-data analysis include validating and supplementing the data collected by hardware or software measuring devices, and use in developing effective computing charging schemes. (Author)


Due to the increasing need to seek profitable feeding strategies for livestock that have good quality, and are of easy adoption, rose the idea of using crops by-products. In this work the effect of fresh potato waste on the production and quality of milk in 6 Holstein cows between first and second birth, with average yields of 24 L/cow/ day, which had more than 4 weeks breastfeeding was evaluated. It was worked under a completely randomized design with 2 treatments for the different percentages of inclusion of fresh potatoes, with three replicates each treatment, for a total of 6 experimental units, which were randomly divided in TC = 30 treatments % -35% + ms potato + balanced food in amount of 4.5 to, 4 kilos, T1 = 25% + ms of potato + balanced food in quantity needed to meet requirements + 100g protected fat; T2 = 20% more food potato + balanced food in the amount necessary to cover requirements + 200 g of protected fat. Significant differences were found: (p 0.05) were found.


To investigate the polymerizability of asymmetric azines, (1R)-(−)-fenchone formaldehyde azine (Az 1), (1R)-(+)-camphor formaldehyde azine (Az 2), formaldehyde (1R)-(+)-nopinone azine (Az 3) and formaldehyde norcamphor azine (Az 4) were prepared and their polymerizabilities were examined using radical, anionic and cationic initiators. The polymerizability of these asymmetric azines strongly depends on the bulkiness of the bicyclic substituent. The azines bearing more bulky substituents (Az 1 and Az 2) exhibit poor polymerizabilities presumably because of their steric hindrance. In cationic and anionic polymerizations of the least sterically hindered azine (Az 4), the monomer conversions were high, but the molecular weights of the products were very low, indicating that active species in the polymerizations of Az 4 are so labile that chain transfer reactions or side reactions dominate over propagation. Among these asymmetric azines, Az 3 is the most promising monomer with respect to the bulkiness of the bicyclic substituent, because oligomer of M w 2.4 × 103 was produced by cationic polymerization of Az 3 initiated by TiCl4 in CH2Cl2 at−20°C. Elemental analysis and spectroscopic data indicated that the oligomer was formed by addition polymerization through the CH2=N bond in Az 3.


This paper conducted experimental and numerical analysis of the nonlinear flexural behaviour of lattice-web reinforced foam core composite sandwich panels. Composite sandwich panels composed of a polyurethane (PU) foam core with glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites as the face sheets and lattice webs were fabricated through the vacuum infusion moulding process (VIMP). The flexural behaviour of these composite sandwich panels were experimentally investigated under both uniformly distributed and concentrated loading scenarios. The results showed that reinforced lattice webs can significantly increase the flexural stiffness and load-carrying capacity of sandwich panels and effectively postpone the onset of interfacial debonding failure between the face sheets and core. The effects of the lattice-web height and spacing on the ductility and load-carrying capacities of the sandwich panels were also analysed. Several numerical simulations on lattice-web reinforced foam core composite sandwich panels under concentrated loadings were also conducted. The effectiveness of the finite element (FE) model was validated by the experimental work. Parametric studies indicated that thicker face sheets and lattice webs can remarkably increase the load-carrying capacity. Moreover, the load-carrying capacity and midspan deflection were hardly affected by the foam density.


The paper puts forward perfect social science evaluation policy with perfection of the evaluation method,the construction of supervision mechanism and the establishment of a credibility evaluation main body image according to main problems in social science evaluation subject and motivation.


Background Strongyloides stercoralis causes chronic intestinal infection that may lead to disseminated disease during immunosuppression. Therefore, efficient diagnostic methods are essential to detect silent and latent infections. The present study was aimed to compare the efficacy of parasitological methods for the detection of S. stercoralis infection. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 351 subjects (226 HIV positive and 125 HIV negative) from October 2005 to May 2006. The study participants were selected by systematic random sampling method. Fresh fecal samples were collected from each participant and processed by different parasitological methods. Results Among the 351 individuals involved in the study, 43(12.3%) were infected by S. stercoralis. The prevalence of S. stercoralis infection was significantly higher among HIV positive subjects (17.3%) as compared with 3.2% in HIV negative subjects (p=0.001). The odd of being infected by S. stercoralis was significantly higher among AIDS patients (OR=6.31; 95% CI, 2.2–18.1) and HIV patients with diarrhea (OR=9.3; 95% CI 4.6–18.9) as compared with respective controls. Agar plate culture showed superior sensitivity (97.7%) than other methods for detection of S. stercoralis. Similarly, agar plate culture showed strong diagnostic agreement with Baermann's method (kappa = 0.82; 95% CI 0.72 – 0.92) followed by fecal concentration (kappa= 0.67; 95% CI=0.54–0.80). Coclusion This study revealed that HIV patients were about 6 folds susceptible for S. stercoralis infection. Similarly, agar plate culture showed superior diagnostic efficiency for detections of S. stercoralis infection.


Hair loss is a problem of concern for many people, both male and female. Even though hair loss is not a serious health problem, it can lead in some cases too low self-confidence, psychological problems, and even impaired quality of life. Genes and hormones are major causes of hair loss. Hair loss can be treated with discontinue behavior effect or using medicines such as finasteride and dutasteride which act as 5αreductase inhibitors. Although, they are effective on hair loss prevention the use of chemical products also causes many side effects as well as altered libido, erectile dysfunction, and ejaculation disorder.1


A range profile synthetic algorithm of the stepped-frequency chirp train waveform is designed to obtain HRRP (High Resolution Range Profile) in this paper. Based on waveform model, grating lobes restraining method is proposed with the help of autocorrelation function. Due to the matched filter operation, image energy spill over the close range bins, which causes "ghost images". Set parameters of inner pulse bandwidth, stepped frequency and chirp compression envelop sampling frequency properly, and then carry the synthetic algorithm, the "ghost images" are restrained. All of the results are validated by simulation.