Log‐normal and Weibull distributions are the most popular distributions for modeling skewed data. In this paper, we consider the ratio of the maximized likelihood in choosing between the two distributions. The asymptotic distribution of the logarithm of the maximized likelihood ratio has been obtained. It is observed that the asymptotic distribution is independent of the unknown parameters. The asymptotic distribution has been used to determine the minimum sample size required to discriminate between two families of distributions for a user specified probability of correct selection. We perform some numerical experiments to observe how the asymptotic methods work for different sample sizes. It is observed that the asymptotic results work quite well even for small samples also. Two real data sets have been analyzed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004


Background and Aims: The present study was designed to peruse binding and transferring ability of different lipids and hydrophobic drug molecules to nsLTP-2(Nonspecific lipid transfer protein) from rice (Oryza sativa) at the aim of increasing drug efficacy, lowering toxicity and maintaining the efficient doses. Methods: Protein structure prediction protocols were used to obtain optimized structure. Docking analyses performed to indicate the binding affinity of interest ligands to nsLTP-2. To confirm the accuracy of the results, experimental analysis such as ion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography were performed to gain purified protein. Moreover, tyrosine fluorescence assay was applied to assess lipid-binding properties of nsLTP-2. Results: The results showed that affinity of nsLTP2 to structural analysis revealed a close correlation between the number, position and conformation of hydrophobic patches and lipid binding properties of the protein. Binding affinity is influenced by number of carbon atoms and location of double bonds in fatty acid structure. Furthermore, presence of hydroxyl group facilitates acyl chain accommodation in hydrophobic cavity of nsLTP2. Accordingly, chemical features of fatty acids play determinant role in binding affinity consistent with the plasticity of hydrophobic cavity. Also unbelievable binding affinity of nsLTP2 to nucleic acids, their analogues drugs, cholesterol and high size drugs such as doxorubicin is very impressive. Conclusions: This study showed nsLTP2 not only capable to bind and transport various hydrophobic molecules but capacity to bind to drugs with different size and structure. Thus, nsLTP2 could be an appropriate candidate for mediating and targeting of various drugs including doxorubicin and Acyclovir etc.


The invention discloses a detection method of a sun-proof light energy cloth. The detection method includes following steps: 1) selecting a to-be-test sun-proof light energy cloth, and arranging the sun-proof light energy cloth under a sunlight simulator; 2) setting a preset energy value with the sunlight simulator, and irradiating the to-be-test sun-proof light energy cloth, wherein the preset energy value is the average of sunlight energy in a certain period by means of conclusion and calculation to historical meteorological data from an optional region; 3) according to the average of sunlight energy in the certain period, measuring the solar energy spectral radiance illumination values in special frequency spectrums; 4) measuring the energy of the optionally special frequency spectrum, which passes through the to-be-test sun-proof light energy cloth, of the sunlight simulator, and calculating the penetrating rate of the to-be-test sun-proof light energy cloth at the optionally special frequency spectrum, and calculating the energy of the optionally special frequency spectrum after penetration; and 5) calculating the energy generated in the optionally special frequency spectrum or the optionally special waveband frequency spectrum.


BeatBoxing is a type of vocal percussion, where musicians use their lips, cheeks, and throat to create different beats. It is commonly used by hiphop and rap artists. In this paper, we explore the use of BeatBoxing as a query mechanism for music information retrieval and more speci£cally the retrieval of drum loops. A classi£cation system that automatically identi£es the individual beat boxing sounds and can map them to corresponding drum sounds has been developed. In addition, the tempo of BeatBoxing is automatically detected and used to dynamically browse a database of music. We also describe some experiments in extracting structural representations of rhythm and their use for style classi£cation of drum loops.


Abstract Let P be a finite p-group and p an odd prime. Let 𝒜p(P)≥2{\mathcal{A}_{p}(P)_{\geq 2}} be a poset consisting of elementary abelian subgroups of rank at least 2. If the derived subgroup P′≅Cp×Cp{P^{\prime}\cong C_{p}\times C_{p}}, then the spheres occurring in 𝒜p(P)≥2{\mathcal{A}_{p}(P)_{\geq 2}} all have the same dimension.


It's a land of riddles, where a winter night can last for weeks and where the ground is full of water though it rarely rains or snows. Bears, hares, wolves, and foxes roam the ice-crusted earth, as flowers follow the sun as it moves across the sky. Young readers may never come to the Arctic tundra, but now it can come to them—in a book chock full of fun-to-do experiments and activities for children ages 6 and up that help them to solve some of the mysteries of this strange and forbidding world. Arctic Tundra includes a picture field guide, a glossary-index, and a resource list.
Table of contents
Introduction.One Small Square of Arctic Tundra.Winter Already? Back Off! Out of Sight.Where the Action Is.On the Move.The Race Is On! Hug That Ground.What a Day! On the Way Out.Ready or Not.Time to Explore.Tundra Diorama.See You in Siberia.


Objective: Humoral immunity has been clearly implicated in solid organ transplantation, but little is known about the relationship between humoral immunity and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This study was designed to investigate that relationship. Materials and Methods: Sensitized serum was obtained from a sensitized murine model established by allogeneic splenocyte transfusion. Sensitized serum was incubated with allogeneic bone marrow cells (BMCs) in vitro and the cytotoxicity was evaluated by the complement-dependent cytotoxicity method. Mice were transplanted with allogeneic BMCs incubated with sensitized serum after lethal irradiation. The engraftment was assayed by hematopoietic recovery and chimera analysis. Moreover, mice received passive transfer of sensitized serum 1 day prior to transplantation. Mortality was scored daily after bone marrow transplantation. Results: The in vitro experiments showed that sensitized serum was capable of impairing allogeneic BMCs through the complement-dependent cytotoxicity pathway. The animal studies showed that BMCs incubated with sensitized serum failed to rescue mice from lethal irradiation. The engraftment assay showed that the allogeneic BMCs incubated with sensitized serum were rejected with time in the recipients. Furthermore, the mice died of marrow graft rejection by transfer of sensitized serum prior to transplantation. Conclusion: Taken together, our results indicated that sensitized serum played a critical role in graft rejection during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.


The process of spoken word recognition has frequently been characterized as a mapping of information through a multidimensional space, the dimensions of which correspond to time and acoustic‐phonetic similarity. Within this framework, the speed and accuracy of spoken word recognition is a direct function of the ease of traversing a path through the space. The traversal of a path may be affected by at least two states of the space at any point in processing: The first, or syntagmatic, state refers to the history and future of the path. The syntagmatic states of a word correspond to its ''probabilistic'' phonotactics. The second, or paradigmatic, state refers to the degree of activation within the space at any point (or what has previously been referred to as ''neighborhood activation''). A connectionist instantiation will be presented of this framework that attempts to predict the speed and accuracy of spoken word recognition as function of syntagmatic and paradigmatic states. Also discussed is a number of...


The scope of this work is to examine peculiarities of the free crystallogenesis in children with dental caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases, with application of classical methods of crystallography. To solve the task we conducted study of the oral fluid at 200 healthy children and 112 children with dental caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases. In this work is examined and made the comparative analysis of the change of structure of saliva`s facies in children with dental caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases. Results of the study: the level of microcrystallization of the children's saliva is directly correlated to the length (rxy= +0.647) and less to the gravity of the illness of dental caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases (rxy = +0.248). Crystallographic methods of study are able to carry not only diagnostical functions, but also to serve as sensitive indicator of the functional state of the human body in health and disease.


The invention discloses a card swiping method of an intelligent charging and storing cabinet. An unoccupied charging box is used for firstly storing a battery needing to be replaced by a user; and when the battery of the user is placed, and a battery compartment door is automatically locked, a door of a battery compartment which is fully charged is automatically bounced off by the intelligent charging and storing cabinet, and voice automatically prompts that the user can take away a battery. By using the card swiping and charging method of the intelligent charging and storing cabinet, a lead-acid battery, a Li-Fe battery and the like of an electric bicycle can be rapidly charged, and the battery can be stored and managed; the information of the whole charging and storing cabinet is transmitted to a background in time through carrying out money deducting management on an effective card; the battery is protected from being lost; and the safety of charging consumption is ensured.


This research compares the quality of the substitute care being provided to children in the care of relatives by reason of their mothers' incarceration, with care provided by foster parents. The quality of care from the foster families, assessed with the HOME Inventory was rated significantly better than from relatives for the 3-6 year old children, but equal for the infants and toddlers. The comparatively higher SES Foster care providers also reported more available support from informal social networks and more appropriate expectations and non-abusive discipline toward the children in their care.


An introductory account of using molecular simulations to deduce solution structure of macromolecules using small angle neutron scattering data is presented for biologists. The presence of a liquid solution provides mobility to the molecules, making it difficult to pin down their structure. Here a simple introduction to molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo techniques is followed by a recipe to use the output of the simulations along with the scattering data in order to infer the structure of macromolecules when they are placed in a liquid solution. Some practical issues to be watched for are also highlighted.


: In this paper, a compact size rectangular microstrip antenna is designed and fabricated. To enhancement of bandwidth and multiband frequencies of microstrip antenna is done by loading zinc nanoparticles on radiating patch of rectangular. The characteristics of the antenna are obtained in terms of bandwidth, return loss, gain and radiation pattern these properties are compared with the conventional microstrip antenna. It is shown that by choosing suitable nanoparticles the bandwidth can be improved up to 16.66% as compared to conventional antenna with an bandwidth of 3.22%. This antenna may find its applications in Bluetooth, WLAN, WIFI IEEE 802.11, IMT (International Mobile Communication) and in radar systems. The results are discussed and presented.


Although the technical and psychological accuracy of the polygraph has been contested almost since the device's inception, it continues to enjoy substantial popularity within law enforcement and federal agencies throughout North America. This paper excavates the sexual politics of the polygraph focused on two key arenas where the polygraph has been a popular and powerful tool: identifying LGBTQ applicants and employees within federal agencies and determining parole for convicted sex offenders. Key questions guiding this analysis include the following: What are the relationships between the polygraph and disciplining sexual deviance? How does the polygraph fit within a larger history of surveilling and controlling sexual alterity? Drawing on theories of affect and spectacle, the paper unravels the polygraph's role as an accomplice to state-sanctioned projects of heteronormativity. Through analysis of training materials, practitioner memoirs, and policy guidelines, the polygraph is situated as an early precursor to surveillance infrastructure that attempts to identify, manage, and predict deviant sexuality.


Objective To comprehend the current status of nurse's occupational protection in Shanghai through questionnaire investigation so as to provide scientific references for the health administrators and policy makers.Methods The nurse's occupational protection questionnaire was designed and released to 405 clinical nurses in 7 general hospitals(2 in Level Ⅱand 5 in Level Ⅲ) in Shanghai.Results The average scores of clinical nurses' occupational protection status,the nurses' appliance to the hospital guidelines of occupational protection,and the degree of emphasis which the hospital put on nurses' occupational health were 2.07±0.91,2.10±0.83 and 2.15±0.95,respectively.Three of the most common personal protection equipments were masks,gloves and fast hand hygiene disinfectors.Altogether 88.4% of the respondents considered that their hospitals owned the post-exposure procedures for nurses.Then 76.3% of the respondents accepted free HBV vaccines in their hospital.Totally,48.4% of the respondents prepared chemotherapy drugs by themselves,but 61.2% of them didn't have proper protective measures.Only 75.1% of the respondents gained continuing education related to occupational health.Three of the most common occupational hazards were sharp injuries,psychological and chemical hazards.Conclusion Nowadays,increasing emphasis is attached to nurses' occupational protection by hospitals administrators in Shanghai,but there are still many aspects which need to be improved.The occupational protection level can be enhanced by perfecting occupational protection guarantee system,improving the treatment procedure after occupational exposure,providing sufficient and complete varieties of occupational protection appliance for nursing staff and conducing regular occupational protection training for nursing staff.


This study extends the Clinton and Hunton (2001) findings that the degree of budgetary participation congruence (DPC) is associated with improved financial performance by testing the effects of DPC on managerial performance using a scale based on Mahoney et al. (1963, 1965). Tiffs research also responds to a call in previous research (Murray, 1990) that participative budgeting does not directly affect performance, but does so through an intervening variable. Using a sample of United States managers, this study demonstrates that the intervening variable, budgetary commitment, acts as a key mediator in the linkage between the degree of participative budgetary congruence and managerial performance. Budgetary commitment is a redefined construct originally developed by Neubert and Cady (2001) as "program commitment." When combined in a structural equation model, the explanatory power of the model indicates that DPC is not directly associated with managerial performance. However, as mediated by budgetary commitment, DPC does have a positive and significant impact on managerial performance. Additionally, results show that budgetary commitment captures key features of its antecedents: leader behavior, change efficacy, and teamwork. Participation in the budgeting process has been one of the most intriguing research topics for management accounting researchers since Argyris (1952, 1953) introduced the notion that a budget would impact performance of employees. Early empirical evidence provided a linkage to budgetary participation (1) in the budget-setting process and employee/organizational performance (Hopwood, 1972; Merchant, 1981; Brownell, 1982a, Brownell 1982b). (2) A research paradigm in this area, culminating in a consistent theory or result, appears to be lacking due to several causes, some of which are differing sample groups, research settings (experimental or survey), variables of interest (including mediators and moderators), and inconsistent measurement of constructs (Derfuss, 2009). For example, participative budgeting research that investigates the relationship between budget participation and performance reveals significantly positive relationships (Merchant, 1981; Brownell, 1982b, 1982c; Brownell and McInnes, 1986; Chong and Chong, 2002), non-significant relationships (Milani, 1975; Kenis, 1979; Chenhall and Brownell, 1988; Wentzel, 2002), and negative relationships (Stedry, 1960; Bryan and Locke, 1967). Recent studies examine the impact of mediating or moderating variables in the relationship of budgetary participation to performance (Agbejule and Saarikoski, 2006; Leach-Lopez et al., 2007; Yahya et al., 2008; Leach-Lopez et al., 2009) or the impact of antecedent variables to budgetary participation (Yuen, 2007). Nevertheless, researchers continue to examine this topic to help improve the understanding of the conceptual relationship between budget participation and performance. By examining the relationship between participative budgeting and performance, researchers have attempted to determine whether participative budgeting leads to higher financial or managerial performance (Milani, 1975; Kenis, 1979; Merchant, 1981; Brownell, 1982a). Taking a unique approach in this area, Clinton and Hunton (2001) find a positive and significant correlation between the degree of participation congruence (i.e., the agreement between the perceived need for participation and the degree of participation that actually takes place) and organizational financial performance measures. This research study extends their work using a different performance measure as a dependent variable in order to validate the construct over multiple measures of performance. An additional objective of this study is to extend budgetary participation research in an attempt to fill a gap in the extant literature on budgetary participation and its relationship to managerial performance by introducing a redefined construct. …


Aircraft parabolic flights provide repetitively periods of reduced gravity whose duration depends on the target reduced gravity level and on the type of aircraft used. Typical durations for a large aircraft vary between approximately 20 s for a 0 g environment and 32 s for a Martian g level environment. Parabolic flights are used to perform short duration scientific investigations in weightlessness or at partial-g levels, to train astronauts, and to allow the general public to experience what astronauts ' encounters in space during discovery flights. This chapter intro-duces the aircraft parabolic flights and presents their objectives, the parabolic flight manoeuvre and accelerations, the type of flights organised and a summary of the aircraft used throughout the world.


ABSTRACT A study was conducted to determine in situ rates of Fe(II) oxidation and Fe(III) precipitation along a 5.0 m reach of a ferruginous groundwater discharge zone under two distinct conditions; (i) the natural state featuring abundant flocculent mats of bacteriogenic iron oxides (BIOS) produced by Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria, and (ii) after a manual washout of the streambed to remove the microbial mat. Examination of mat samples by differential interference contrast light microscopy revealed tangled meshworks of filamentous Leptothrix sheaths and helical Gallionella stalks intermixed with fine-grained hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) precipitates. The greatest accumulation of BIOS mat was 1.0 m downstream of the groundwater spring. Redox potential (Eh) increased sharply from 200 mV to over 300 mV over the last 2.0 m of the reach. Similarly, dissolved oxygen increased from < 10% saturation to almost 100% saturation over the last 2.0 m of the reach, whereas pH increased from 6.4 to 7.3. Pseudo-first-order rate constants determined on the basis of analytical solutions to sequential partial differential advection-dispersion-reaction equations for the linear Fe(II)→Fe(III)→HFO reaction network yielded in situ Fe(II) oxidation rate constants (kox) of 1.70 ± 0.20 min−1 in natural conditions and 0.48 ± 0.14 min−1 after washout. Corresponding Fe(III)-precipitation rates (kp) before and after washout were 3.45 ± 0.10 min−1 and 0.90 ± 0.01 min−1, respectively. These values for kox and kp are higher than estimates obtained from closed batch microcosm and laboratory experiments, underscoring the crucial dependence of in situ Fe(II) oxidation and Fe(III) precipitation rates on advective and dispersive mass transport. The results also highlight the influence that BIOS microbial mats exert on the reaction kinetics of the multiple heterogeneous reactions contributing not only to Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox transformations in groundwater discharge zones, but also the precipitation of HFO.


Fasciculation of the eyelids was observed in five of eleven children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA); two had severe SMA and three were of intermediate severity. Three other children with intermediate SMA and the two children with mild SMA did not show eyelid fasciculations. This could provide an additional clinical sign to tongue fasciculation and hand tremor in the diagnosis of SMA in childhood.


NEW MATERIAL: A compd. represented by formula I [R 1 is H, (substd.) 1-4C alkyl, cyclopropyl, 1-3C alkoxy or halogen; R 4 is (substd.) phenyl or α-pyridyl and n is 1-8]. EXAMPLE: 2-[4-(2-chlorophenyl)-9-methyl-6H-thieno[3,2f][1,2,4] triazolo[4,3- a][1,4]diazepin-2-yl]-ethane-1-carboxylic acid. USE: An intermediate of thieno-triazolo-1,4-diazepino-2-carboxylic acid amides having PAF(platelet activating factor)-antagonistic activity. PROCESS: A compd. represented by formula II (R is lower alkyl) is reacted with a compd. represented by formula R 1 -CO-NH-NH 2 and the reaction product is deesterified. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


Four seasonal climate changes are closely related with human physiological and pathological changes.This article dicussed the theory of application treatment during three nine-day periods in winter and dog days in summer from the time selection and acupoint selection,elaborating the idea of harmony between heaven and human and the principle of preventive treatment of disease.


The box is intended for the safe storage of hunting, sports and civil weapons. Its design allows to transform the internal enclosure space for the cabinets and various modifications to enhance their versatility. Technical result of utility model is to increase the flexibility of the cabinet. The technical result obtained by the cabinet for the weapon, characterized in that it comprises a housing with a door, inside the cabinet secured removable upper and lower lodgements, treyzer, partitions, shelves. On the rear wall of the cabinet is formed with rear panel rows of hooks for fastening them lodgements removable top, with a permutation vertically and horizontally on the partition walls arranged removable jumper. Treyzer and partitions have a mating hole marked "a" and "b". Openings "a" treyzer and partitions are located on a straight horizontal line, holes «b» are located on the vertical straight line. Holes "a" partitions are designed for shifting to different positions treyzer vertical and the holes "b" partitions are used to changes in different positions treyzer horizontally. Partitions, lower panel and upper panel is formed with the alignment holes "c", wherein the hole "c" of the lower and upper panels for fastening the partitions in an upright position, arranged in rows in the longitudinal direction of the enclosure for changing the position of the partitions in the longitudinal direction of the enclosure. Removable bottom lodgements fixed in holes "c" lower panel with the possibility of changes in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the cabinet.


In June 2011, the Institute on Religion in an Age of Science (IRAS) considered the topic "Doing Good, Doing Bad, Doing Nothing: Scientific and Religious Perspectives on Human Behavior." Plenary speakers discussed evolutionary, biological, and neurological roots of bad and good behavior (Melvin Konner); unconscious prejudice (Mahzarin Banaji); cultural production of evil and how hope arises in suffering (Cheryl Kirk-Duggan); causes and consequences—neurological and social—of developmental trauma (Laurie Pearlman); social conditions for genocide and mass violence and responses that enable healing and prevent further violence (Ervin Staub); practices for conflict transformation, reconciliation, and peace building (Robert and Alice Evans); and from Eastern religions diagnoses of and prescriptions for overcoming central obstacles to fullness of life (Barbara Jamestone). The papers published here by William Shoemaker, Ervin Staub, and Karl Peters carry forward these evolutionary, neurological, social, and religious analyses and offer ways to become more active in diminishing harmful and nonresponsive behaviors and in enhancing human good.


The present invention relates to optical displays, and in particular provides a seed light source system and a projection display apparatus. Seed light source system of the invention, comprising at least three light sources for generating at least two wide-spectrum light, light splitting and light means, the at least two spatial light modulators, the spatial light modulator and the second spatial light modulator. Projection display device of the present invention comprises the light source system. The first broad-spectrum optical system and apparatus of the present invention, a second broad-spectrum light is wavelength-light apparatus main wavelength light of at least four kinds of two colors produced after splitting, thereby enlarging the color gamut, improved image display quality, the use of two additional spatial light modulators modulate light at the same time, to ensure the quality of the image display, taking into account the cost of the product.


LED Display-Screen is widely used as one of display Terminals to reveal the information in all aspects. With the improvement of living standards, people demand LED display screen to work with the high quality, high speed and high intelligence. The paper presents a method to design LED display-Screen with TMS320F2812 DSP chip of TI, Meanwhile it uses GPRS to communicate with the telephone and the information platform for convenient remote control, it can constitute a large LED display with the CAN bus and so on. The test shows that the system is reasonable, realizable, operated easily, flexible, adaptable to environment, low price, and it is useful in practice after being proved in the practical system. Key words: Display-Screen;TMS320F2812;DSP ;GPRS;


Studies have demonstrated that particulate matter with diameter <2.5μm (PM2.5) exposure is linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk factors, such as obesity, correlate with higher occurrences of CVD. We aimed to study PM2.5 effects on cardiac function of obese mice and whether exercise could alter function.


The Microbiological quality of the following eye drops, gentamicin, chloramphenical, ciloxan and sulphacetamide was studied. Gentamicin, chloramphenicol and ciloxan products were sterile while sulphacetamide products were contaminated by Staphylococcus spp (16.7%) and Bacillus spp (66.7%). The mean aerobic count found in sulphacetamide was 3 x 10 cfu/mL. This observation probably implies that eye drops sulphacetamide products could cause more health risk. However, hygienic practices of eye-drops, proper bottle design and training of patients could influence their microbial contaminations.


Tremendous growth of information and communication technology brought crucial changes in the every part of society including education. It has also raised the interest of researchers & educational practitioners who wants to combine its capabilities with the World Wide Web to facilitate the creation of online collaborative virtual environments over last decade. However, these CVEs have been focusing on sharing of events; giving very less attention to the specific services and functionalities it could provide to the traditional e-learning systems. This paper describes the review and analysis of the current efforts that are developing, evaluating or using collaborative virtual environments in education


An optimized design of the core_pulling mechanism of the injection mould for the 90° curved pipes and its working process were introduced. The key points of the design were discussed. The speciality of the design is to solve the complicated problem of making the straight_line core_pulling action and the arc_line core_pulling action at the same place by using a relatively simple and practical compound core_pulling mechanism. This core_pulling mechanism has been successfully applied in the production of various elbow pipes.


Providing a toner having a low melting, low gloss can be generated. Also a method of providing such a resin for a toner, which process comprises a coalescence process using an acid is added slowly to control the gloss of the toner, optionally with the addition of a small amount of aggregation process without the addition of chelating agents or binding.


Photoacoustic (PA) tomography is an imaging technology that reconstructs the distribution of light absorption in tissue by photoacoustic signals. In recent years, PA tomography has been widely used in anatomical, functional and molecular imaging. However, one of the great challenges is that the efficiency of light to sound conversion is very low due to photoacoustic effect, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of photoacoustic signal, especially for deep tissue imaging. Conventional approach to enhance the SNR of photoacoustic signal is data averaging, which is quite time-consuming. In the absence of signal fidelity and imaging speed, an algorithm of using empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and independent component analysis (ICA) de-noising in photoacoustic tomography is proposed. Firstly, the photoacoustic signal is decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) with EMD. Each IMF is equivalent to an independent signal. Then, some IMFs are selected to construct the virtual noise channel according to the correlation between IMF and original photoacoustic signal. Finally, the original photoacoustic signal and the virtual noise channel are regarded as the input data for ICA. ICA extracts useful photoacoustic signals from artificially constructed multidimensional data. The de-noised results are compared with that the wavelet de-noising method and bandpass filtering method. The enhancement of the SNR of the photoacoustic signal and the contrast of the reconstructed image have been well demonstrated. The proposed method provides the potential to develop real-time low-cost PA tomography system with low-power laser source and poor PA signal's SNR.


BACKGROUND: The approval of Hepatitis C (HCV) protease inhibitors has ushered in a new era of therapy for chronic HCV infection. Boceprevir, in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin, is approved for treatment of both naïve and previously treated patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of serious adverse drug reactions (SADRs) associated with boceprevir from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. METHODS: We searched FAERS for boceprevir-associated SADRs between May 13, 2011 and June 30, 2012. Empirical Bayes geometric means (EBGM) were estimated to investigate the disproportionality reporting signals for specific SADRs from boceprevir administration. SADRs of interest included thromboembolic events [myocardial infarction (MI), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), cerebrovascular accident (CVA)], severe cutaneous reactions, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and hepatic failure. Duplicate case reports were matched (based on age, sex, race, and event date) and excluded from the analysis. A significant signal was defined as EBGM 0.05 lower boundary confidence interval (CI) >2 and number of events >3. RESULTS: A total of 334 SADRs of interest were reported in 295 patients while receiving a boceprevirbased treatment regimen(table 1). Hematologic toxicities were the most frequently reported events. Significant signals were found for boceprevir-associated anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia. A total of 13 cases of hepatic failure were reported with 8 of these resulting in death; however, this did not meet the pre-specified criteria to be a significant signal. CONCLUSIONS: Hematologic toxicity was disproportionately reported with boceprevir, which is consistent with adverse events observed during clinical trials. Additionally, the EBGM signal for hepatic failure was nearly significant. This finding was unexpected and distinct from clinical trial data. Additional investigation into these cases of hepatic failure is warranted and may provide further insight into underlying risk factors.


The rotating ring‐disk electrode has been applied in this study to the related phenomena of dissolution, current oscillation, and passivation of zinc in concentrated aqueous . The results of potentiostatic and potentiodynamic experiments are compared with those of previous workers, and a physical model is proposed to describe the anodic behavior of zinc in four successive potential regions: active dissolution, prepassivation, pseudopassivation, and true passivation.


Output regulation for nonlinear plants with large load variation is considered assuming that a nonlinear model of the plant for simulation is available. A linear model of the plant for a fixed load is obtained via 4SID method which naturally leads to a feedback/feedforward control architecture. The control configuration is applied to control of reformer for fuel cell vehicle, where H" control is applied for feedback. It is shown both theoretically and experimentary that the overall feedback/feedforward configuration achieves a high performance of regulation under heavy load change.


An Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) is a mechanism to facilitate employee ownership in a company. While broadening employee ownership, ESOPs can be a sueful policy instrument for promoting privatization, improving enterprise performance, and raising money for the enterprise. These benefits account for the increasing use of ESOPs in both the developed and the developing world. Their popularity however, does not imply unanimity on issues relating to their design, implementation, or even the advantages associated with them. Indeed, the inherent flexibility of ESOPs explains their widespread adoption in a diverse set of economies. Typically, an ESOP is structured as a separate legal entity to which a corporation sells shares. Employees are each allocated a number of shares which are held for them according to the terms of the ESOP. Funds for purchasing ESOPs come from three basic sources: 1) employee funds; 2) employer contributions; or 3) external loans. To the extent that an ESOP is financed with borrowed money to be repaid with employer contribution, it is called a self-financed, leveraged ESOP. In either case, what distinguishes an ESOP from other employee ownership programs is that shares are paid for partly or fully out of future corporate earnings. It is this feature of reliance upon future earnings that ESOPs are considered a valuable technique of corporate finance. This paper examines international experiences with ESOPs. The primary objective being to lay out the key factors involved in creating an ESOP in order to assist government, business, labor, and development leaders to come to an appreciation of the wide-ranging benefits they offer. After reviewing hundreds of ESOPs in a multitude of environments worldwide, the authors present suggestions culled from the most exemplary of these.


This study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the antioxidative potential of fruit wines produced from berry fruits (i.e., black chokeberry, blueberry, blackberry, and raspberry), cherry, and apple by different technological processes. For this purpose, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content as a marker of membrane damage were determined in wine-treated synaptosomes with hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. All studied wines induced increased antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased MDA levels compared to hydrogen peroxide-treated synaptosomes (i.e., control). The highest SOD activity was observed in synaptosomes treated with blackberry wine (6.81 U/mg), whereas blueberry wine induced the highest catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities (0.058 U/mg and 0.017 U/mg, respectively). Black chokeberry proved to be the best in lipid peroxidation protection with the lowest MDA value (1.42 nmol/mg). Finally, principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis additionally highlighted a higher antioxidant capacity of wines produced from dark-skinned fruits (i.e., blackberry, black chokeberry, and blueberry). The results suggest protective effects of the fruit wines against oxidative damage, and, accordingly, their promising application as functional food.


A complete E-selective synthesis of α,β-unsaturated amides through a sequential reaction of a range of dichloroamides with a variety of aldehydes promoted by Rieke manganese (Mn*) is reported. A mechanism based on a sequential aldol-type reaction and a completely stereoselective β-elimination is proposed to explain these results. The unsaturated amides obtained are readily and efficiently transformed into α,β-unsaturated ketones, aldehydes, or carboxylic acids without loss of the diastereoisomeric purity of the C−C double bond.


International Conference on High-Performance Ceramics (CICC) is a biennial conference sponsored by the Chinese Ceramic Society. Since its inception, the CICC series has attracted tremendous interest and thus rapidly grown in participations from ceramic scientist, engineer, and academia from national, regional, and global ceramic communities. The CICC series just reached a key milestone, the 10th anniversary, in November 2017. Continuing its strong tradition as one of the most prominent international conferences focusing on advanced ceramics and composites with special functionalities and those emerging newly discovered ceramics and developed technologies, the eleventh conference in the CICC series, CICC-11, was held from the 25th to 29th of May, 2019, in Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. The technical program of CICC-11 consists of 24 Symposia and one on the Belt & Road Ceramics Forum, which cover a wide range of topics from powder processing, sintering, and microstructural-property-performance of structural and functional ceramics. These technical sessions, consisting of both oral and poster presentations, will provide an open forum for scientists, researchers, and engineers from around the world to present and exchange findings and developments on latest advances on various aspects related to science and technology of high-performance ceramics. The technical program encompasses diverse subjects of ceramics, composites, and functional ceramics and its components with particular attention to include topics that address the current trends in the research and development, engineering design, and industrial application of high-performance ceramics. The core of symposia at this conference included Mechanical behavior and structural applications of ceramics and composites, Advanced structural ceramics for extreme environments, Advanced materials for next generation nuclear energy, Ceramic films and coatings for structural and functional applications, Polymer derived ceramics, Borides and boron related materials, Advances in bioceramics, Porous and cellular ceramics, Emerging materials for energy harvesting and storage, Thermoelectric materials and devices for energy conversion, Advanced refractories, Transparent ceramics and luminescent materials, Dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectrics, Perovskite, Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, Magnetic and multiferroic ceramics, Semiconducting ceramics and films, Functional Ceramics for Environmental applications, Ecofriendly geopolymer and geopolymer-developed ceramics, Powder processing and forming technology for advanced ceramics, Flash and other field assisted sintering techniques: beyond materials consolidation, 3D-printing of ceramics, Tribology of ceramics, Virtual materials design and Ceramic genome. In addition, a special session on the Belt and Road Ceramics Forum provided an open platform for governments, academia, research institutes, and industries from countries along both the land and maritime Silk Road to come together to discuss and exchange up-to-date development, and science and technology on both traditional and advanced technical ceramics, which includes the relevant policies and issues on ceramics, energy, environment, health, and education.


Abstract : The method of orthogonalized plane waves is applied to a calculation of electronic energy levels in potassium, using a potential obtained from a self-consistent field. The energies of twenty-four states at four symmetry points in the Brillouin zone have been obtained. The lowest band is dismissed in detail and the qualitative features of the density of states are presented. Departures from free electron bands are found. Comparison of higher bands with some other calculations suggests that certain features of band schemes may be reasonably independent of the potential used.


There are many kind of design software for computer courseware,with the Internet epoch,simpleness and easiness design software for Internet Page,which make it reality that the majority of teacher design computer courseware by themselves.


An optical fiber (1) wound on an optical-fiber bobbin (5) is put in a flexible packaging material (2). The packaging material is closed and is sealed after heavy hydrogen is introduced thereinto. This method is characterized in that the optical fiber (1) is treated, during storage or transport, with heavy hydrogen in a mixed-gas atmosphere comprising heavy hydrogen and air. The concentration of heavy hydrogen in the atmosphere in the packaging material (2) immediately after the introduction of heavy hydrogen is regulated to from 0.5 ppm to 4%. After the optical fiber (1) has been put in, the opening (3) of the packaging material (2) may be closed with heat or an adhesive. Alternatively, the opening (3) may be closed with a zipper. After the opening (3) is partly closed, heavy hydrogen may be introduced through the remaining part of the opening (3). Alternatively, an opening (4) having a check valve (6) of a self-sealing type may be disposed in the packaging material (2) to introduce heavy hydrogen through this opening (4).


The frequency of vascular risk factors (VRFs) and the relationship between vascular pathology and cognitive function in neurodegenerative disease remains incompletely understood.


8 This article discusses different natural and man-made foams, with particular emphasis on 9 the different modes of formation and stability. Natural foams, such as those produced on 10 the sea or by numerous creatures for nests, are generally stabilised by dissolved organic 11 carbon (DOC) molecules or biological proteins. In addition to this, foam nests are 12 stabilised by multifunctional mixtures of surfactants and proteins called ranaspumins, 13 which act together to give the required physical and biochemical stability. With regards 14 to industrial foams, the article focuses on how various features of foams are exploited for 15 different industrial applications. Stability of foams will be discussed, with the main focus 16 on how the chemical nature and structure of surfactants, proteins and particles act 17 together to produce long-lived stable foams. Additionally, foam destabilisation is 18 considered, from the perspective of elucidation of the mechanisms of instability 19 determined spectroscopically or by scattering methods. 20


A lot of storage tanks in oilfields need to purge sludge every year. Compared with several sludge purging methods in common use, the underpressure sludge purging method is considered to be a better method featuring easy equipment installation, convenient operation, high sludge purging efficiency and low run costs. This paper details the structure, principle, installation and operation methods of the sludge purging equipment, and points out the application matters for attention.


Radon gas and its radioactive daughters have been extensively studied on Mt. Etna, both in local volcanic rocks and in all types of fluid emissions from the volcano (crater gases, fumaroles, mofettes, soil gases, groundwaters). The first measurements date back to 1976 and were carried out both in local volcanic rocks and in the crater plume. Since then, fifty-four scientific articles have been published. The largest majority of them (more than 50%) correlated radon emissions with volcanic activity and/or magma dynamics inside Mt. Etna. Many others were focused on possible correlations between time variations of in-soil radon and tectonic activity. The concentration of radionuclides in Etna volcanic rocks was measured on several occasions in order to set background values of radon parents and to study the dynamics of Etna magmas. Some articles analyzed the concentrations of radon in Etna groundwaters and their temporal changes in relation to volcanic activity. Only a few studies focused on methodological aspects of radon measurements in the laboratory. Finally, in recent years, geoscientists began to analyze the possible negative effects on human health from high concentrations of indoor radon in houses near active faults. The overall results show that, in most cases, it is possible to understand the endogenous mechanisms that cause changes in soil radon release from rocks and its migration to the surface. Several physical models were produced to explain how those changes were correlated with Etna's volcanic activity, making them potential precursors, especially in the cases of eruptive paroxysms. More complex is the analysis of radon changes in relation to tectonic activity. Indeed, if measurements of radon in soil is now considered a robust methodology for identifying buried faults, radon time variations are not always clearly correlated with seismic activity. This difficulty is likely due to the complex interplay between tectonic stress, magma migration/eruption and gas release through faults. In any case, the potential high hazard for human health due to high concentrations of indoor radon in houses close to faults seems to be a well-established fact, which requires particular attention both from the scientific community and the public health authorities.


Let L2be a free metabelian Lie algebra of rank two. We obtaina characterization of ∆-primitive elements of L2. In particular, we prove thatevery endomorphism Φ of L2is an automorhism if and only if Φ takes a ∆primitive element of L2to another ∆-primitive element. Also we show that ina free metabelian Lie algebra of odd rank there are no ∆-primitive elements


In order to evaluate the mining activities influences of Candiota Mine, the largest Brazilian coal reserve, over the groundwater quality, geochemical studies were carried out on water and paralic sandstones of the Rio Bonito Formation, which constitutes a granular aquifers system. Geochemical modeling indicates that for most cases, groundwater is subsatured in relation to the balance water-carbonates and supersatured in relation to the balance water-goethite and –kaolinite. The phisico-chemical results of the water samples showed little evidence of significant acidification or sulphatisation of groundwater by acid mine drainage of mining activities. A natural but limited pyrite oxidation by the restricted entrance of oxygen in the aquifer system seems to be responsible for the positive correlations between sulphate and iron. However, the iron contents is lower than the expected value from pyrite dissolution which can be explained by the precipitation of Fe-oxi-hydroxides (e.g. goethite). The dissolution of carbonates (calcite, siderite and ankerite) is an important process of the neutralization of acidity, controlling the chemical composition of the groundwater by consuming protons and releasing Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ . Relatively to the superficial waters, calcium and magnesium are more significantly depleted than sodium and potassium in the groundwater, probably related to the selective adsorption. For the calcium-bicarbonate correlation, atmospheric and soil CO 2 as well as organic matter oxidation are considered to contribute to the increase in the total content of bicarbonate.


BACKGROUND AND AIM: To investigate the genotoxicity of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis concoction using mouse lymphoma assay(MLA) and mouse bone marrow micronucleus test(MNT).MATERIALS AND METHODS: In MLA,four doses 0.97,1.94,3.88,7.77 mg/ml(crude drug)were used to treat L5178Y cells for 3 hours with and without metabolic activation,then expressed for 2 days.The mutation frequency plates were prepared and incubated for 12 days.Colony size in each plate was scored,and total mutation frequency and percentage of small colony mutants were calculated and assayed.In MNT,three dose levels of 3.13,6.25,12.50 g/kg(crude drug)were used.10 ICR mice(5 males/5 females) in each group were gavaged every 24 h twice and sacrificed after 24 hours of the last dosing.Both femur bones were collected to prepare bone marrow smear.For each mouse,the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes(MNPCE) in 2000 polychromatic erythrocytes(PCE) was counted,and the mean of rate of MNPCE of each group was calculated.RESULTS: MLA indicated that the total mutation frequency showed a dose-dependent increase with metabolic activation,and was statistically significant(P0.01) compared with negative control with and without metabolic activation.Percentage of small colony mutants was similar with positive control at high concentrations.MNT indicated the concoction did not show inhibitory effects on bone marrow,and the rate of MNPCE of each group induced did not show significant increase compared with negative control.CONCLUSION: Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis concoction induced tk gene mutation and chromosomal damage in L5178Y cells with and without metabolic activation.It indicated that the test article may have potential genotoxicity for humans.However Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis concoction did not show chromosomal damage of bone marrow in ICR mice,demonstrating no genotoxicity in vivo with metabolic activation under this study condition.


This qualitative study describes the professional experiences and the perceived associations with gender, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and gender identity of a diverse group of primary care clinicians and clinic directors in an underserved rural and agricultural region of California.


The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a specifically immunized egg powder taken with a probiotic on sleep quality and patterns of sleep using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and health related quality of life as it applies to the gastrointestinal tract using the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) in healthy subjects with subclinical GI complaints. In a randomized, double‐blind placebo‐controlled study, sixteen subjects were divided into two groups. One group received a probiotic plus 2 grams of a specifically immunized egg powder (treatment group) while the other group received a placebo. The PSQI and GIQLI were given to subjects prior to supplementation and immediately after a 4‐week supplementation phase. There were no significant differences in PSQI scores between groups. However, a significant improvement in sleep quality was measured in the treatment group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in GIQLI scores between groups. However, a significant improvement in the physical subset score of the GIQLI was measured in the treatment group (p < 0.05). Additionally, there was a strong statistical trend for improvement in the social subset score of the GIQLI and the total score on the GIQLI in the treatment group (p < 0.06). Preliminary analysis suggests that a combination of a probiotic and a specifically immunized egg powder may contribute to improved sleep and overall gastrointestinal health and well‐being in healthy subjects with subclinical GI complaints.


In order to explore the application of digital twin technology in the operation and maintenance of nuclear equipment, based on the installation and replacement of out-of-core detectors in the nuclear power plant of the Guohe No. 1 demonstration project, a digital twin system of robots for auxiliary installation of out-of-core detectors based on digital twins is proposed. Taking the process of the robot transporting the out-of-core detector as the research object, a digital twin of the robot is established, and the two-way interaction between the twin model and the control system is realized by using the ADS (Automation Device Specification) communication protocol. The experimental results show that the system has high feasibility and can provide a basis for the transparent and real-time visualization of the robot operation process. Therefore, the application method of digital twin technology proposed in this paper can serve the operation and maintenance of nuclear power, and is of great significance to promote the digital transformation of nuclear power in my country.


A crowd can be defined as a large gathering of people at a particular place showing different types of attitudes and behaviors. Monitoring and tracking these wide varieties of people is tedious in a real environment. The crowded scenarios have a high tendency to change into an abnormal condition due to sudden external pressures such as gunshots/fire or internal stress such as overcrowding, where things get often uncontrollable and the consequences are disastrous. Moreover, the use of a large number of monitoring cameras and the limited capability of human operators to analyze the video contents result in an urge to developing smart crowd monitoring systems with humanlike capabilities. This article discusses the human cognition capability and its application for smart crowd management. Cognitive computing facilitates complex task automation, real-time decision-making, predictive analytics, and processing of voluminous structured and unstructured data.


There is convincing evidence that the neurodegenerative process in Parkinson disease (PD) begins many years before the onset of the classical motor symptoms. During this prodromal phase symptoms like REM sleep behaviour disorder, hyposmia or constipation may occur. Important efforts have been applied to define the prodromal phase of LRRK2 associated PD, the most common genetic form of PD. Prodromic diagnostic and disease progression markers would provide crucial information on the onset of the neurodegenerative process in this form of PD and information for the design of disease modification trials to delay or prevent the development of motor PD. Studies in our cohort of LRRK2 non manifesting carriers suggest that the prodromal phase in this condition, unlike the prodromal phase of idiopahtic PD, is clinically quite silent. On the other hand our studies as well as those by others suggest that substantia nigra hyerechogenicity on transcraneal sonography may be an early marker of LRRK2-PD. Also, reduced striatal uptake on DAT SPECT and new NMR imaging may reliably detect changes reflecting ongoing nigral disease. Prospective longitudinal studies to define the usefulness of these markers in predicting phenoconversion to PD in these asymptomatic mutation carriers are in progress. Disclosure: Nothing to disclose. SPS07_4


The plantar fascite is a degenerative syndrome of the plantar fascia. It refers to the pain in the plantar medial tuberosity of the calcaneus. The baropodometria is used in the evaluation of the feet biomechanical dysfunctions, especially in controlling the distribution of plantar pressure. The study aimed to analyze the distribution of plantar pressure in individuals with plantar fascite and in individuals with no involvement in inferior limb, using the evaluation of baropodometria. The study population consisted of 20 volunteers from the age group between 35 and 50 years, with 10 women in each group - with plantar fascite (GF) and control (CG). The evaluation was performed by pressure means on the platform of bipedal position with open eyes. The variables in the right and left feet were: peak pressure in the forefoot (PA) and hindfoot (PR), average pressure front and back parts of the foot; maximum average pressure of the foot (PMM) and width of the base (LB). RESULTS: In both groups the average pressure of the anterior region of the foot was greater than the posterior. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between groups in the peak pressure in the forefoot and hindfoot. For average and average maximum pressure it was found that the GF showed values higher than the CG (p <0.05). The results show that in the two groups the weight discharge in the anterior region of the foot was made in similar ways, but the PMM verified in the GF feet was higher than the control group, showing thus the probability of the clinical picture influence of fascite on the distribution of plantar pressure.


The paper deals with the responses of degraded dam-reservoir-foundation system with absorptive reservoir bottom. A two dimensional strong coupling methodology, in which dam and foundation are simulated by displacement and reservoir is by pressure is used to model the dam-reservoir-foundation system. The material properties of dam at different ages are predicted by an isotropic degradation index and a reflection coefficient is introduced to simulate the reservoir bottom absorption. From the present study, it is clear that the crest displacement increases with age of the dam. On the other hand, the principal stresses of dam and hydrodynamic pressure decrease with the age of dam. However, at later age of the dam, the effect of reservoir bottom absorption on the performance of dam-reservoir-foundation is quite less.


The new ways for image processing via anisotropic diffusion partial differential equations (PDE) and geometry\|driven (GD) are introduced. Constrasting the conventional filtering methods, the advantages of PDE and GD are discussed. Two representative models are given, which are used on blurred and noisy image for restoration.


ABSTRACT It is widely known that asphalts yielding similar results in standard tests like penetration may in fact exhibit significantly different performance with respect to product manufacturing, application, or durability. Thus, a need exists for more definitive testing, especially with respect to defining the chemical composition of asphalt. Direct spectroscopic analysis of asphalt is difficult because of its compositional complexity, high degree of association between compounds present, and high, overall average molecular weight/boiling range. Hence, prior liquid chromatographic separation into compound classes or types can greatly enhance the level of information obtainable from spectroscopic methods, as well as provide information on types and quantities of compounds present. The scheme discussed involves initial separation into acid, base, and neutral types using development of routine test methods to significantly higher levels of sophistication than those currently available.


Rosa canina L. (dog rose) is an important ornamental, edible and medicinal
 plant. It has been used as a rootstock for ornamental roses, grown in
 plantations for fruit harvesting and it is suitable for revegetation of
 abandoned mine lands. The propagation of native genotypes that are well
 adapted to local conditions can provide planting material for both
 revegetation and plantation purpose. Micropropagation is the most suitable
 method for a rapid vegatative propagation of selected wild genotypes, but an
 increased presence of pathogens as well as higher contamination rate during
 culture establishment were expected. An occurrence of a specific
 Fe-chlorosis during in vitro propagation of roses is also possible.
 Therefore, the optimal period and disinfection protocol for establishing
 sterile in vitro culture of selected genotypes of dog rose was investigated,
 as well as an effect of increasing the FeEDTA concentration in the MS medium
 during multiplication phase. The obtained results showed that the optimal
 time for taking initial explants corresponds to optimal time for taking
 green cuttings in traditional vegetative propagation by softwood cuttings,
 and the best results were achieved using shoots collected in the first week
 of May, when the flowers were open. The iron chelate concentration in the
 medium affected the mean number of shoots, and doubling of its concentration
 resulted in a considerably higher number of shoots per explant.


Abstract Haptoglossa heteromorpha sp. nov. is an aplanosporic species isolated from Rhabditis nematodes found in cow dung samples from northeast England. Video microscopy was used to record sporangial development and spore release. The thalli were distinguishable from previously described Haptoglossa species because they produced one or more broad dome-shaped exit papillae. The thalli were also unusual in having a series of regularly spaced vacuolar regions which appeared to collapse several minutes before spore release. The aplanospores were released from sporangia in an explosive rush from the apex of the broad dome-shaped papillae. The spores initially aggregated together in an irregular clump but later dispersed. The aplanospores were found to be of two distinct sizes (3.5 and <10.5 μ diam), and the resulting infection cells were morphologically distinct, even though the sporangia that produced them were morphologically indistinguishable. Small infection cells were elongate with a wide bilobed base and a narrow tapered vacuolate apex, and there was a distinct pad-like protrusion on the ventral side of the spore. The large aplanospores produced typical Haptoglossa infection cells (gun cells) which had a broad vacuolate basal region and curved sharply to a beaked apex. This is the first record of an aplanosporic species of Haptoglossa consistently producing heteromorphic infection cells that are likely to have different mechanisms of infection.


Results obtained from a program designed to locate a low- or moderate-temperature geothermal resource that might exist beneath Hill Air Force Base (AFB), Ogden, Utah are discussed. A phased exploration program was conducted at Hill AFB. Published geological, geochemical, and geophysical reports on the area were examined, regional exploration was conducted, and two thermal gradient holes were drilled. This program demonstrated that thermal waters are not present in the shallow subsurface at this site. (MHR)


Butterflies play vital role in the ecosystem, there is co-evolutionary relationship between butterflies and plants, their lives are interlinked. Butterflies are also called flying flower, displaying its beauty. These insects enhance the aesthetic value of the environments by their exquisite wing colors. Butterflies are the wild indicators of the ecosystem; these insects tell us everything about the healthier ecosystem. These are effective pollinators, butterflies visit the flower to eat nectar and this is mutually beneficial relationship. Some species of butterflies migrate over long distance; carry pollen to be shared across plants which are far apart from one another. This migration of pollens induces genetic variation in plants species and give a better chance at survival against different disease. These insects also provide food for other organisms, for example; birds, reptiles amphibians and also acts as biological pest control. But the population of these insects decline rapidly due to human activities, habitat destruction, uses of pesticides and unawareness of people about the importance of flying flowers.


The invention relates to waterbased pigment type ink-jet printing ink and a preparation method and application thereof. The ink comprises the following components by weight percent: 5.0-25.0% of pigment paste, 0.2-2.0% of surfactant, 2.0-15.0% of fabric adhesive, 5.0-35.0% of moisturizer, 0.5-3.0% of pH regulator, 0.1-0.5% of antibacterial agent and the balance of deionized water. The preparationmethod is as follows: mixing and stirring the components and filtering. The application method comprises the following steps: the waterbased pigment type ink-jet printing inks with four basic colors are respectively filled in the ink boxes of an ink-jet printing machine, a computer is used to print the required colors and patterns on fabric, and then the fabric is baked for fixation. The ink-jet printing ink has good storage stability and printing fluency and high washing fastness and rubbing fastness; and the preparation method and application method have simple processes and good application prospects.


Objective To isolate high quality RNA from S. mutans efficiently. Method We used a modified one-step method to extract RNA. Rapid lysis of S. mutans was obtained with lysozyme, followed by 10%SDS treatment and boiled water bath for 1-2 mins. Lysates were successfully used for one extraction of RNA. RNA integrity and yield were assessed by agarous gel electrophoresis and the absorbance at 260 nm.Results Compared with other procedures, this method yielded a higher level of RNA, almost 30 μg/10~9 cells. DNA was not co-recovered. The presence of intact mRNA within the total RNA fraction was demonstrated by RT-PCR. Conclusions It is concluded that the improved one-step method is a reproducible, economic and simple way to permit rapid isolation with high yield of intact RNA for subsequent analysis.


Formation control problem for multiagent networks is investigated under the framework of leader-follower consensus. By utilizing the Lyapunov stability theory, two navigational protocols for multiagent network without and with nonlinear dynamics are derived to realize formation control, respectively. In order to achieve the expected formation, controller is adopted to each agent, and the design philosophies of control protocol are required to follow two rules: (i) the destinations of agent are required to be identified and communicating with each other through the network; (ii) at least one agent is needed to be navigator which can detect the difference between its current location and destination. Finally, the two numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed navigational protocols.


In this article, the author draws from his own experience as a doctor in describing the issues the uninsured patient population faces. Pointing out that neither the U.S. Constitution nor case law provides a positive right to health care, the author describes the parameters of federal health care funding and ultimately concludes that universal health care cannot be fully achieved in the U.S.


In this paper,the methods of free-form surface fit in reverse engineering are presented that include reconstraction and conformity of surface.Reconstraction of surface includes approach and insert. Thereinto, approach and insert have several ways respectively . While conformity of surface includes geometrical sequence and parameter sequence. In this text, the methods sre classified and compared, and there are correlative conclusions.


Turnover is avoided as much as companies can because the cost to employer of turnover are high, includes turnover in new employees. This research's purpose is to measure whether there is a relation between organizational commitment and turnover intention on Indonesia's new employees. The result showed that a significant relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intention, r = -0.553, n = 131, p < .01, two tails.


Abstract . The correctness of an in-place permutation algorithm is proved. The algorithm exchanges elements belonging to a permutation cycle. A suitable assertion is constructed from which the correctness can be deduced after completion of the algorithm. An in-place rectangular matrix transposition algorithm is given as an example.


English were required by the society with the globalization. How to improve students speaking ability becomes increasingly urgent. The author analyzes the status of the students' oral communication skills of vocational school that the author works in and proposes the countermeasures in English oral teaching.


The interpretation of multidimensional data in consumer research has traditionally required property fitting to determine the structure underlying the data. As an alternative, Cognitive Differentiation Analysis (CDA) regresses a matrix of pairwise product judgments on vectors of product-attribute ratings. The estimated multiple regression equation indicates the degree of differentiation in the pairwise data that is accounted for by each attribute. In this article CDA is applied to the analysis of simulated multidimensional data and to actual data from a benefit segmentation study. The implications of improved interpretability of multidimensional data for understanding the competitive environment are discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Describes an instrument for accurate measurement of transient changes without the machine having to be synchronised. The instrument has been designed for laboratory use but the principle could be applied to practical machines.


Sponsored by the American Museum of Natural History, this illustrated history of the Inkas and their predecessors offers a fresh appraisal of a remarkable civilization. Based on recent archaeological studies, this story of the Andean people traces the development of their complex civilization from its beginnings 11,000 years ago to its culmination - the vast and powerful Inka Empire - in the 16th century. The book describes and illustrates their agricultural methods, social organization, political structure, religious beliefs, ceremonial practices, technologies and artistic expression. Their achievements include intricate weaving techniques; gold, ceramic and metalwork of stunning originality; the construction of monumental buildings at the same time as the pyramids were being built in Egypt; and early empires that rival those of the Old World in size and scope. The objects used to illustrate this volume have been photographed in the Museum of Natural History's Hall of South American Peoples, which houses the largest collection of Andean objects of any museum in the United States. Supplementing these pictures are panoramas of the spectacular and diverse land inhabited by the Inkas and the equally remarkable civilizations that preceded them.


Objective To know the microcystins pollution caused by cyanobactcria bloom in two drinking water sources in Ningbo city.Methods Water samples were collected at four sampling sites in Yaojiang River and three sampling sites in Miehu reservoir from 20 July,2007 to 31 August,2007.The algae in these water samples were classified and counted,and Microcystin-LR (MC-LR),MC-RR were determined by UPLC-MS-MS.Results The Cyanobacteria cell concentration in Yaojiang River and Meihu reservoir ranged from 0.8×10~6 to 6.7×10~7,and from 1.21×10~7 to 9.928×10~8 cells/L respectively.The MC-LR and MC-RR in Yaojiang River weren't detected,and neither was the MC-RR in MeiHu reservoir.However,the MC-LR was detected at sometimes,and the maximum concentration of MC-LR was 0.84μg/L.Conclusion There is no microcystins pollution in Yaojiang River,but there existed MC-LR pollution in MeiHu Reservoir,and the MC-LR concentration in it was below national standard limit of 1.0μg/L after the treatment of controlling alage and microsystins.


Summary The group discussed the bull trout management plan outline. Steve Hemstrom walked through each management objective and strategy for meeting the objectives. The group discussed monitoring and evaluation strategies for each management plan objective. The group discussed methods for monitoring take at the project as directed in the Biological Opinion. Because of the small sample sizes that would be available annually at the project, it was determined that a multi-year sampling scheme may be used. Take would be assessed based on the total fish sampled over multiple years. Steve Hemstrom will propose a sampling strategy in the draft management plan.


Indian law prohibits assignment of directorships of public companies or private companies that are subsidiaries of public companies . . . essentially where public money is involved. This article tries to show why.


PURPOSE: A method for setting up a watching level can extract frames to which watching levels are attached, displaying a single view. CONSTITUTION: Audiovisual contents include multiple frames each related to multiple watching levels (202). The method displays two or more frames from multiple frames. A computer selects a frame from displayed frames. A computer sets up a watching level as a watching level related to the selected frame. An audiovisual segment playbacks when a command (204) is inserted or when displaying. [Reference numerals] (203) Level selection; (204) Play event; (AA) Increased violence level


Taxi trajectory prediction can help many advanced location-based services, such as advertisements for passengers. Previous approaches, which consider trajectories as one-dimensional patterns and process them in single scales, does not consider two-dimensional patterns of trajectories in various spatial scales. In road network analysis, one of the most main problems is finding important crossroads, which can be useful in transportation planning. However, none of the previous approaches identifies the problem of finding network-wide important crossroads in the actual road network. This paper proposes a strategic decision based on data analysis and interpretation, based approach to find important crossroads. This method is to model the road trip network focusing on real time travel demands using a tripartite graph, instead of completely analyzing on the topology of road network. A novel ranking algorithm that propagates scores along a tripartite graph is proposed to find the importance scores of crossroads accurately.


The productivity of skidding tractors in intermediate harvesting operations has not been determined in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The objective of this study was to develop a productivity model using a farm tractor in first thinning operations in Pinus patula compartments. A work study design was used to assess the performance of a skidding agricultural tractor. From 350 samples, important data variables collected were elemental times for each work cycle, extraction distance, slope and load volume. Stepwise and subsets regression analyses were conducted prior to multiple linear regression analysis. Analysis of variance was used to compare mean productivity estimates of the different models developed. Results showed that the best model was estimated by an interaction of distance × slope (ds), distance × load volume (dv) and slope × load volume (sv) as follows: ln(ŷ2) = 1.33–0.00154ds + 0.00174dv + 0.161sv. The mean estimate for this model was 5.036 m3 m h−1. The developed models predicted similar results to estimation results of the observed model, although there were statistically significant (P < 0.001) differences among mean estimates (3.6–5.5 m3 m h−1). All of the three models yielded R2adj. = 38%; SE = 0.458% at P < 0.001. It can be speculated that the remaining variation not explained by the models may be associated with long extraction distances, delays and the effect of slope as a main variable in the model. While the developed models mirrored reasonably well with the observed estimates of skidding productivity, these models should not be stretched to conditions dissimilar to those of their generation. Future research focus should be made on (1) effects of weather conditions and vehicular characteristics on skidding productivity and (2) the effect of winching lines on skidding productivity.


Taking'having a both'as an example,the article has discussed a large number of irony phenomena existing in Yang Jiang's novels.Speech irony and scene irony these two kinds of common irony both have outstanding behaviours.Yang Jiang's characteristic of irony is to all person.The author himself becomes total irony of irony target and deep irony of touching mankind's difficulites.The characteristics of Yang Jiang's novel comes from the writing attitude that correlates with author's outlook on life.


An OBJE network device service control system and a method thereof are provided to enable a UPnP(Universal Plug and Play) CP(Control Point) of a UPnP network to control OBJE devices, while the UPnP CP can control a transfer session between the OBJE devices. An OBJE proxy discovers OBJE components, and generates component proxies corresponding to the respective OBJE components(S210,S220). A UPnP CP discovers the component proxies, and demands a presentation page to a component proxy selected by the UPnP CP(S230,S240). The selected component proxy generates the presentation page, and provides the generated page to the UPnP CP(S250). The UPnP CP controls a transfer session between the OBJE components based on the presentation page(S260).


Little Savithri of Chittempally Tanda in Ranga Reddy district was 18 months old, but looked like she was three months old and weighed only 5.5 kilos. She could not even turn over when she was lying down, there were no expressions on her face, and she had extremely thin hands and legs and looked terminally ill. Her family (consisting of her parents, grandparents, uncles and aunts) had given up on her, as they could not afford to buy expensive tonics. Her mother, Jaya, already had Savithri's brother, a three year old, to take care of. She was now seven months pregnant. She was 14 years old when she got married, and now, at the age of 19, she is expecting her third child. She had to do all the household chores and also work on the family land. The only person who had time to take care of Savithri was 14-year old Sukhi, her father's younger sister. Sukhi had dropped out from school, as she was to be married in a month's time. This family is not an exception in rural Andhra Pradesh. There are thousands of children who are malnourished, with no special care, and large numbers of mothers who are too young to have healthy children but have had repeated pregnancies. Many of these young mothers are overburdened with work, undernourished, and in urgent need of healthcare. A large proportion of adolescent girls are out of school, and face the prospect of early marriage or sexual harassment, with little hope of freedom. According to the second National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2), conducted in 1998-99, the infant mortality rate in Andhra Pradesh is 66 per 1,000 live births. About 38 per cent of children under three years of age are underweight, over 50 per cent of deliveries take place at home, and only about 60 per cent of children in the age group of 12-23 months are fully vaccinated. About 54 per cent of girls in the 11-14 age group, and 20 per cent of girls in the 15-17 age group, are in school. The median age at marriage for women aged 20-49 in rural areas is 14.9 years. Further, there has been little change in the condition of women and children (especially girl children) with respect to health in the last decade. In spite of the hype about Andhra Pradesh being a "hi-tech" state, leading the IT industry in the country, there has been a slowdown in reduction of infant and maternal mortality in the last two decades. The situation at the all-India level is similar, if not worse. According to NFHS-2, only 65 per cent of women access antenatal care, and less than half of all deliveries take place with skilled attendance. The maternal mortality ratio is as high as 540. About 50 per cent of women are anaemic, and the median age at marriage is 16.7 years, in spite of a law against child marriages. The infant mortality rate is 67.6 per 1,000 live births, and 45.5 per cent of children under the age of five are chronically undernourished. The rate of decline in infant mortality has slowed down from the 1990s onwards in India, even when compared to countries like Bangladesh and Nepal. The recent World Health Report also puts India among slow progressing nations in child and maternal care.


ABSTRACT This article summarises provision in the Agroschool, a boarding school for abandoned and orphan children in Skytyvkar in the Komi Republic, Russia. Arrangements in the school and its training farm are described, with an account of the courses in branches of agriculture which are designed to prepare the children for further instruction and employment in agricultural enterprises


Background information. During embryonic development, β‐catenin is central both to the transcriptional activation of Wnt [wingless‐type MMTV (murine‐mammary‐tumour virus) integration site family] target genes and as a mediator of cell—cell adhesion. Signals that regulate its levels and subcellular localization are critical. One mechanism of Wnt signalling results in stabilization of β‐catenin protein, which leads to its translocation into the nucleus, where it interacts with TCF (T‐cell factor, HMG box) and activates transcription of target genes. Less well understood are mechanisms of Wnt signalling that do not involve β‐catenin stabilization and result in inhibition of β‐catenin‐mediated transcription.


Abstract:William Bullein's "Dialogue against the Fever Pestilence (1564)" is widely recognized as one of the most successful literary experiments of its period. This chapter sets the book in the context of Bullein's work as a Protestant writer, physician, and social reformer. It identifies dialogue as a major Tudor genre, giving voice to a range of otherwise voiceless social classes and competing ideological positions at a time of fierce controversy over politics and religion. And it proposes that Bullein meant his medical dialogues to be instrumental in healing the body of the English commonwealth from the ills brought on by social and religious corruption.


We demonstrate sustained coherent emission of spin waves in NiFe films using rapid demagnetization from high repetition rate femtosecond laser pulse trains. As the pulse separation is shorter than the magnon decay time, magnons having a frequency equal to a multiple of the 1 GHz repetition-rate are coherently amplified. Using scanning micro-Brillouin Light Scattering (BLS) we observe this coherent amplification as strong peaks spaced 1 GHz apart. The BLS counts vs. laser power exhibit a stronger than parabolic dependence consistent with counts being proportional to the square of the magnetodynamic amplitude, and the demagnetization pulse strength being described by a Bloch law. Spatial spin wave mapping demonstrates how both localized and propagating spin waves can be excited, and how the propagation direction can be directly controlled. Our results demonstrate the versatility of BLS spectroscopy for rapid demagnetization studies and enable a new platform for photo-magnonics where sustained coherent spin waves can be utilized.


The first instance of deployment and combat usage of major Soviet air force grouping after the beggining of the Second World War is the campaign against Poland in autumn of 1939. There were only minimal losses of personnel and aircraft, while the Soviet troops seized massive war booty that included hundreds of airplanes. However, the results of campaign also demonstrated problems of the Soviet air forces: high accident rate, issues of command chain of air-units and problems due to bulky administrative troops. It was an important experience that showed up the necessity to overcome such problems.


It is introduced the research and application of the poisonous and harmful gas of online monitoring system in the text.Using advanced micro-electricitric technology,a new monitoring system was developed by the direct and quantitative method.The basic principle and hardware composition was analized,the procedure working out?placement and way of working are also explained in detail.The system has many functions,such as on line record?history record?video alarm,history tendency,ect.


This research is about the general approach to projecting and development of information systems. Various aspects that caused the definition of certain models are being scrutinised. In the second part main causes for insisting on certain approaches with signs of certain weaknesses have been critically scrutinised. The emphasis has been put on facts that have caused the necessity for changes and developments in certain areas of these issues. The work is questioning the continuity of changes, in approach defining, in a recognisable form for the purpose of easier and faster implementation of the particular approach. Derived conclusions and suggestions are based exactly on the evaluation of significant applicable approaches in the development and implementation of information systems


This manuscript deals with the synthesis and computational and experimental evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of twenty-nine 4-(indol-3-yl)thiazole-2-amines and 4-ιndol-3-yl)thiazole acylamines. An evaluation of antibacterial activity against Gram (+) and Gram (−) bacteria revealed that the MIC of indole derivatives is in the range of 0.06–1.88 mg/mL, while among fourteen methylindole derivatives, only six were active, with an MIC in the range of of 0.47–1.88 mg/mL. S. aureus appeared to be the most resistant strain, while S. Typhimurium was the most sensitive. Compound 5x was the most promising, with an MIC in the range of 0.06–0.12 mg/mL, followed by 5d and 5m. An evaluation of these three compounds against resistant strains, namely MRSA P. aeruginosa and E. coli, revealed that they were more potent against MRSA than ampicillin. Furthermore, compounds 5m and 5x were superior inhibitors of biofilm formation, compared to ampicillin and streptomycin, in terms Compounds 5d, 5m, and 5x interact with streptomycin in additive manner. The antifungal activity of some compounds exceeded or was equipotent to those of the reference antifungal agents bifonazole and ketoconazole. The most potent antifungal agent was found to be compound 5g. Drug likeness scores of compounds was in a range of −0.63 to 0.29, which is moderate to good. According to docking studies, E. coli MurB inhibition is probably responsible for the antibacterial activity of compounds, whereas CYP51 inhibition was implicated in antifungal activity. Compounds appeared to be non-toxic, according to the cytotoxicity assessment in MRC-5 cells.


Understanding the important factors for choosing a general practitioner (GP) can inform the provision of consumer information and contribute to the design of primary care services.


This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the seasonal regression model and the quadratic trend model with seasonal indices in predicting the price of red chilli in Johor, Malaysia. Historical price data from 2018 until 2022 of red chilli in Johor, Malaysia, were collected and analyzed using the seasonal regression model and the quadratic trend model with seasonal indices. The forecasting accuracy and predictive performance of each model were evaluated and compared. The results indicated that the seasonal regression model outperforms the quadratic trend model with seasonal indices in predicting the price of red chilli. This study contributes to the field of agricultural forecasting by comparing different models for price prediction and highlighting the importance of considering multiple crops in the analysis. The findings of this study have practical implications for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers involved in agricultural planning and food security. The identified seasonal regression model can serve as a valuable tool for predicting the price of red chilli, enabling more informed decision-making in crop production and market interventions.


ABSTRACT Cowpea is a crop of great socioeconomic relevance for the populations of the North and Northeast of the country, and its low yield is commonly related to environmental stresses, especially water. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water stress index of cowpea, cultivar BR3 - Tracuateua, subjected to different irrigation levels (100, 50, 25 and 0% of ETc) in three reproductive phenological stages (R7, R8 and R9) in Castanhal-PA, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with six replications and four treatments corresponding to 100, 50, 25 and 0% of daily replacement of crop evapotranspiration, during the reproductive period, through an irrigation system. The surface temperature readings were made with infrared thermometer, during the reproductive stage. The smallest absolute temperature differences between canopy and air occurred in stages R7 and R8. The highest values of water stress index (CWSI) were verified when the plant was under water deficit, regardless of phenological stages. The effect of water deficit caused reductions in stomatal conductance of 58.82% (R7), 83.57% (R8) and 84.87% (R9), in leaf transpiration of 45.97% (R7), 64.21% (R8) and 65.90% (R9) and in the net photosynthetic rate of 40.75% (R7), 66.92% (R8) and 74% (R9). The CWSI varied with the availability of water, showing the highest value (0.75) in the treatment without irrigation, in the R8 stage. The CWSI proved to be a good indicator of the water status of the plant.


A aircraft test system was described.This system integrate the test and analysis functions,using the database to save the test data.


Protein-protein interactions are thought to be the next frontier in drug discovery. However, there are several well-known challenges facing development of protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitors that lead to slow development in the field, including difficulty identifying PPIs and difficulty designing small molecule inhibitors of relatively flat, featureless PPIs. We address these difficulties with the development of a novel method of discovering PPI hotspots, called protein painting. This technique relies on non-covalent labeling of solvent- accessible protein surfaces using small molecular dyes optimized for protein binding. The dyes block access to trypsin cleavage sites, allowing for digestion only of undyed interface regions following denaturation of the protein complex. Interface regions can be identified using mass spectrometry and used as target sequences for drug development. Here we introduce new dye chemistries and elucidate their mechanism of protein binding for the first time. This allows for rapid identification of functionally-relevant hotspots without the need to screen many dye chemistries to optimize surface coverage of the protein complex. We applied this method to elucidate functional hotspots for immmuno-oncology targets PD-1 and PD-L1 and Hippo pathway targets YAP2 and tight junction protein ZO-1. To further functionally validate the hotspot regions identified, we focused on the case study of PD-1 and PD-L1. We discovered a hotspot of PD-1 Lys 78 in the protein-protein interface, and rationally designed a series of 8 peptide inhibitors to target this hotspot. The most active peptide YRCMISYGGADYKRITV derived from PD-L1 disrupted the PD-1/PD-L1 complex with an IC50 of 5.07 µM. The predicted binding site of this peptide on PD-1 overlaps the binding site of therapeutic anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab; crystal structures of pembrolizumab and PD-1 show hydrogen bonding between the antibody and our identified hotspot Lys 78. Furthermore, we prepared a cyclized analog peptide CYRAMISYGGADYKRITC by disulfide bond stapling to increase peptide stability and found that this did not significantly reduce inhibitor potency, with an IC50 of 8.02 µM. Taken together, this data suggests a specific region of PD-1 found within the larger PD-1/PD-L1 interface that may serve as a target for development of next generation small molecule PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. By focusing drug discovery efforts against only the PPI hotspot regions, we may accelerate drug development against these difficult targets. Citation Format: Amanda Still, Douglass Dey, Rachel Carter, Angela Dailing, Mikell Paige, Lance Liotta, Alessandra Luchini. Functionally important hotspot interfaces between immune-oncology targets PD-1 and PD-L1 and between Hippo pathway targets YAP2 and tight junction protein ZO-1 are identified using a protein-protein interaction technique optimized with novel dye chemistries [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 982.


This paper designs a comprehensive experiment for two important knowledge points, timer and interrupt, in course microcontroller practice technology. To improve teaching effect, we develop related micro class scripts and micro class video, planning to build a micro class digital integrated platform architecture, and puts forward the three stage application model for experiment teaching. The practice proves that the teaching PWM speed regulating of DC motor lesson in this paper has the advantages of improving the efficiency of teaching, improving the quality of teaching and cultivating students' autonomous learning habits.


Abstract Phenylpyrazoles (or arylpyrazoles) are known to be extremely potent as noncompetitive inhibitors of the GABA-gated chloride channel on the GABA receptor. This project involves the synthesis of novel isoxazole and isoxazoline heterocycles that have similar structural features to the commercially used phenylpyrazole, fipronil. Synthesis of the appropriately substituted styrenes and phenylacetylenes is followed by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with several aliphatic nitrile oxides, which are prepared in situ from aldoximes with bleach. Relative reaction rates were determined for these specialized alkene and alkyne dipolarophiles.


In this study, a three layer artificial neural network was used to predict the simultaneous adsorption efficiency of phenol and cyanide on granular activated carbon. The input layer consisted of 5, 15, 2 neurons in input layer, hidden and output neurons respectively. Five operating variables namely pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature and initial concentration of phenol/cyanide was used as input to the constructed neural network to predict the adsorption efficiency of phenol and cyanide. A comparison between the experimental and predicted values by using neural network showed high correlation coefficient of 0.984 and 0.988 for phenol and cyanide respectively. Results indicated that contact time is the most influential parameter on output variable (23.57%) followed by initial concentration of phenol/cyanide (21.16%), adsorbent dosage (20.79%) and pH(19.44%).


The recently completed instrument comprises four electrochemical sensors that respond to toxic gases and two heated noble-metal filaments that cause many compounds to be partially pyrolyzed or oxidized in air. The sensors can be rapidly switched to one of several operating modes providing 16 independant data channels. The instrument fits into a camera case, weighs 15 pounds, and can operate for at least 4 hours on self-contained rechargeable batteries. When monitoring the presence of any unknown contaminant, the sensor array is connected to the sampling probe and signals the presence of a possibly hazardous species. A sample is then collected, passed through the sensor array and the relative magnitudes of the response signals provide the information needed to identify the sample. 7 references, 4 figures, 1 table. (MF)


This investigation reflects on the implementation of the Gender Mainstreaming (Strategic
Objective I) of the Plan Nacional de Igualdad de Genero (PLANIG) inside of the Ministry
of Justice from 2012 to 2014. The objective of this thesis is analyze the evolution of the
implementation of transversality, besides the progress and difficulties presented on
MINJUS.


The study aimed to develop the education program in kindergartens in Syria in light of the European model. The sample of the study consisted of female kindergarten directors and teachers who were selected randomly from kindergartens in the city of Damascus. Also, the study used the descriptive analytical method in the study, in addition to building a tool to measure the development of educational programs in kindergartens in Syria. Where the questionnaire consisted of 19 items distributed on one axis: the first axis includes "the development of kindergarten in the light of the relationship of female teachers with children and their families." The study revealed that the development of education programs in kindergartens in the city of Damascus from the point of view of kindergarten female kindergarten directors and female teachers was generally large. The study also found that there are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α = 0.05) between female kindergarten directors and female teachers' evaluation of their awareness of the areas of developing educational programs in kindergartens according to the work variable.