The set maxima problem is as follows: given a family of subsets $\mathcal{S}$ of a totally ordered set $X = \{ x_1 , \cdots ,x_n \}$, find the maximum in each subset. The computational model is the comparison tree. One possible solution is to sort the set X, which requires $O( n \log n )$ comparisons. The open question is whether set maxima is easier than sorting.Here, a solution is presented that requires a linear number of comparisons for the following two cases: • The sets are hyperplanes in a d-dimensional projective geometry $PG ( d,q )$. In particular, the interesting case is $PG ( 2,q )$, when the intersection of any two subsets is exactly one. • The sets are chosen randomly with probability $p ( n )$ for each element to be in a set. The random choices are mutually independent and the number of comparisons needed is linear with probability approaching 1 asymptotically.


This book is largely based on papers presented at a one-day workshop 'Ageing and social policy: global comparisons', held at STICERD,LSE, in January 1995.


Objective: To investigate the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and acute myocardial infarction(AMI), and the clinical significance by observing the dynamic changes of CRP、TNF-α、Fg and IL-18. Methods: 68 patients were AMI group, 36 normal persons were control group. The blood samples in the control group were drawn from vein in the morning, in the AMI group were drawn from vein at the point of pre-hospitalization,12 h,24 h,48 h,3th day,4th day,7th day,14th day,1st month and 2nd month. Results: Compared with control group, the levels of all raised significantly development changes during 2 weeks in the AMI group. Conclusion: Inflammation takes part in the course of AMI. The levels of inflammation cytokines in serum are related to the seriousness of AMI.


In the contemporary globalized world, we are gradually moving from negative connotations inherent in diasporas to potentially positive possibilities. This is not the case, however, with established Japanese diasporic communities, whose image as kimin or abandoned people is still symbolic of their relationship with their homeland. Twentieth-century Japan lends itself to diaspora studies because of its involvement in most of the territorial disputes triggered by the Asian age of colonialism, which resulted in the displacement and marginalization of large numbers of people, groups, ethnicities and cultures. Oda Makoto was arguably one of post-war Japan's most prolific campaigners for the cause of Japan's disenfranchised minorities. This chapter discusses several examples of kimin from his literature and social discourse. It argues that diasporic communities in the developing world are currently undergoing a reappraisal that is repositioning their transnational flexibility in terms of being a potential intercultural resource for their country of origin. Keywords: abandoned people; disenfranchised minorities; Japanese diasporic communities; kimin ; Oda Makoto; territorial disputes


One of the goals of this paper is to help understand adaptability in architecture. This includes various types of adaptability features, their importance and uses in terms of sustainability, economy and quality of life. Several interpretations of adaptability and flexibility from various researchers will be discussed, along with examples and case studies. However, the main aim of the paper is to discuss the needs of students and their desire and need for adaptability in their accommodation; focusing on the question that do students really need or use adaptable features when they want to stay for a short academic period in the accommodation. Based on the literature, we will see that adaptability has a lot to do with increasing the life of an accommodation in the sense that the inhabitants do not need to move to another house or apartment once their current accommodation is of no use to them. The adaptable accommodation will be able to 'adapt' to their ever-changing circumstances. However, the paper will focus very much on students, staying in a relatively adaptable accommodation and their response to the adaptable features offered to them. Do they even use these features as they are staying for only a short period?


The paper exposes the importance of corridors 4B for the development of Montenegro, Serbia and Italy and other countries in the region and the gravitational area and beyond. Particularly significant contribution to regional cooperation Corridor 4B and binding region with the EU is emphasized and narrow and wider Corridor gravitational areas are defined. The paper shows the connection of the Corridor with Corridors X, VII, V, IV, VI, I, II, VIII, IX and the Adriatic-Ionian highway. It, also, present the most important documents that define long-term development of Corridor 4B (Transport Development Strategy of Montenegro, the Strategy for railway, road, water, air and intermodal transport in Serbia, the MoU-Memorandum of Understanding for the development of core regional transport network, REBIS-Regional Balkan Infrastructure study, MAP-five-year plans for the development of transport networks, etc.). In the paper it is proposed that Corridors includes Bucharest-Belgrade-Bar-Bari in the Pan-European multimodal transport corridors as a new corridor XI, as a branch of Corridor X (Belgrade-Bar and Belgrade-Bucharest), or coded arm IV (Timisoara- Belgrade-Bar). The necessity to intensify the construction of the Belgrade-South Adriatic, rehabilitation Belgrade-Bar railway, construction and other transport infrastructure modernization of the Corridor, structural reform of the railway sector, improvement of procedures at border crossings and elimination of delays, the formation of strategic alliances in this Corridor, and others are emphasized too.


Library serves as the main way to promote the perfect development of the social education, but also the important contents of acceleration of the socialist cultural construction. Correspondingly, we should conform to the development in the information era and improve the service quality and work of the library, at the same time, the overall value of the library in using should be improved by adopting information technology.[1]As for the construction and utilization condition of library in ethnic minority areas, construction of information modernization, on the one hand, can promote the spread and inheritance of ethnic minority in China, on the other hand, serves as the role in enriching the cultural life of the people in minority region. Based on this, proceeding from the utilization condition of the libraries in minority region in China, we hold a general discussion on the way for improvement of the service quality of libraries in minority regions in China. Rejuvenation of China with culture is the only way to realize the Chinese dream. How to promote the construction of socialist culture through social education is the educational content that the Party and the government focus for exploration and library, and library, as the main way of social education, is the key strategy to develop a strong country with culture. Due to regional characteristics, the minorities have certain limitations in cultural life and cultural communication, and the development of minority culture can be effectively promoted through the modernization of library information and the improvement of services. 1. The Important Role to Strength Modernization Construction of Library Information and Service Quality 1.1 Promotion of Social Re-Education for Improvement of Quality of the General Public Intelligent reading has become our preferred way of reading, that is, reading can be achieved online, so the library is confronted with a severe test with the advent of information era. Agaisnt the background of the information era, strengthening the modernization construction of library information and service quality is conducive in satisfying the demand of the readers in reading on the one hand and and pushing forward the effective integration of the management mode of traditional library and modern information technology, on the other hand, social re-education can be implemented, the masses can conduct initiative reading for the imprrovement of their cultural quality. First of all, social re-education is an important part of China's strategy to strengthen its cultural power, which is achieved by means of enriching the cultural knowledge and improving the cultural quality of the masses. While, library bears the brunt and plays an important role in the traditional social re-education mode.[2-3] Secondly, only when the cultural quality of the masses is constantly improved can the pace of China's socialist cultural construction be promoted and a virtuous cycle of development with the cultural achievements jointly built and shared by the masses be realized. And how to improve the people's cultural literacy, which is regarded as the key factor for social re-education improvement and innovation, should be given top priority in perspective of the needs of the masses to reflect the people-oriented concept of education. 2020 International Conference on Education Reform and Innovation (ERAI2020) DOI: 10.38007/Proceedings.0001398 ISBN: 978-1-80052-009-7 23 1.2To Promote National Cultural Development for the Great Prosperity of Chinese Civilization In the course of more than 5,000 years, China has cultivated the unique culture with Chinese characteristics over the past 5000 history of development and more, which is the embodiment of the collective wisdom of the people of 56 ethnic groups and also the benchamark of China's cohesion as well as the backbone force for the continuous development of China. Due to the difference in regions, culture and economy of 56 ethic groups, Chinese culture is presented with the integration of multi-culture of all ethic group, and in order to achieve the publicity in foreign countries of Chinese national culture, we should initially push forward the development of national culture for the great prosperity of Chinese culture.[4-6]As an important way to promote social re-education and the improvement of people's cultural quality, library should be given double efforts to strengthen the information modernization and service quality in the minority areas to promote the integration and inheritance of minority cultures. For example, the readings can be available online and offline in informationzation construction of libraries in minority regions to form the reading platform with the characteristics unique to minority regions. Therefore, people all over the country can have a better understanding of the customs and historical culture of the minority regions through online reading, and thus the great prosperity of Chinese civilization can be achieved. At the same time, the integrated development of the culure of 56 ethic groups can be benifitial to the integration and innovation of history culture and modern culture making Chinese culure more populary abroad. Therefore, the nationality and competiveness of Chinese culture can be improved. 1.3To Enrich the Life Style of the Public for Improvement of the Sense of Happiness There are some differences in cultural and economic development in minority regions and many minority regions were developed with the help of traditional economic industry and the economic development is relatively retarded, we need to help the people in monority regions expand the paths for economic development by education to achieve the perfect integration of regional characteristics and economic development. Strengthening the modernization construction of library information and service quality can enable people to recognize the objective law of scientific development. Proceeding from regional characteristics as in tourist industry, and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and characteristic cultural industries, efforts will be made to enhance economic development and achieve the goal of gettin rid of poverty and achiveing prosperity. Secondly, strengthening the modernization of library information and service quality in minority areas can enable people in minority areas to enjoy recreational activities in their spare time, improve the sense of happiness and fulfillment of life of minority people, and guide them to better participate in cultural construction and cultural inheritance.[7] Cultural and recreational life are the benchmarks for people's living standards, which are closely related to the construction of local economy and cultural development of modern information. The construction of modernized library and the improvement of service quality of library can be benefitial in guiding people to participate in regional economic development and constantly enriching the cultural life demand of the masses for entertainment based on the improvement of cultural quality of the masses. 2. Strategies to Improve the Service Quality of Libraries in Minority Areas in Information Era 2.1construction of Modernization of Libraries in Minority Areas To optimize the service of libraries in minority regions, we should first strengthen the modernization of library information. Specifically, we can proceed from the following points: First, the government should strengthen the investment and constantly improve the basic equipment and facilities of the library. The management and borrowing mode of traditional library could no longer satisfy the reading demand of the masses. Based on the increasing requirements of the public for reading, we should take account of the utilization condition of regional libraries to conduct construction for modernized libraries and supports were offered in strengthening infrastructure and


As groundwater passes through porous rocks, exchange of oxygen between the fluid and the solid matrix causes a change in the oxygen isotope concentrations in both water and rock. If the rate at which the exchange takes place can be estimated (as a function of the isotope concentrations and temperature), then the time taken for a rock/water system to come to equilibrium with respect to isotope concentration might be calculated. In this paper, conservation laws are used to derive equations for the isotope transport in a porous medium; these are combined with fluid flow equations and a simple equation describing the rate of oxygen isotope exchange between the water and the rock. The resulting set of equations is solved analytically for the zero-dimensional (lumped-parameter) model, and numerically, using typical parameters, for the one-dimensional case.


The authors conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor zimelidine in the treatment of major depressive illness. Zimelidine had the same antidepressant efficacy as amitriptyline but significantly fewer side effects, especially anticholinergic effects.


A 13.56MHz RFID front-end uses multi-level signaling to achieve 3.4Mb/s operation. The circuit is built around a delta-modulator loop which ensures demodulation and ADC functions as well as supply-voltage regulation. The circuits are fabricated in a 6M 0.18mum 1.8V digital CMOS process in an area of <0.5mm2


Parity-violating (pv) weak effects in inclusive hadron and jet production are studied in the framework of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Results are given for the asymmetry parameter $\mathcal{a}$ for the processes $p+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}+X$ and $p+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{jet}+X(X=\mathrm{anything})$, where $\mathcal{a}$ measures the difference in the inclusive cross sections for protons incident with \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} helicity. We also calculate the longitudinal polarization $\mathcal{p}$ of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$'s in $p+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Lambda}+X$ where the initial protons are unpolarized. Such effects arise from the coherent interference between the strong-QCD amplitude, which is parity conserving, and the pv weak amplitude. Due to the interplay between the weak amplitude (which changes flavor but conserves color) and the strong amplitude (which conserves flavor but changes color), only a limited number of parton scattering processes contribute to $\mathcal{a}$ or $\mathcal{p}$. In particular, it is shown that through order ${G}_{F}{{g}_{s}}^{3}$, where ${G}_{F}$ is the Fermi constant and ${g}_{s}$ is the strong quark-quark-gluon coupling constant, the only contributions to $\mathcal{a}$ or $\mathcal{p}$ arise from the interference between a strong quark-quark scattering amplitude in one channel ($\stackrel{^}{s}$, $\stackrel{^}{t}$, or $\stackrel{^}{u}$) and a weak quark-quark amplitude in a different channel. Numerical results are presented for $\mathcal{a}$ and $\mathcal{p}$ as a function of the center-of-momentum energy $\sqrt{s}$ and ${x}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}=\frac{2{p}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}}{\sqrt{s}}$, where ${p}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ is the transverse momentum of the inclusively produced hadron or jet relative to the incoming beam. These results are qualitatively similar to those obtained previously using the phenomenological effective-gluon model of the strong amplitude, although they are somewhat smaller in magnitude for reasons which are discussed. A detailed summary is also given of recent calculations of inclusive strong production.


Large organizations involved in supply chain relationships increasingly are creating joint sustainability initiatives. The authors investigated sustainability-related discourse directed to and created by employees representing two organizations engaged in a supply chain relationship. CRAWDAD was used to map the concepts appearing in (a) each company's sustainability-related training material, and (b) sustainability-focused interviews conducted with employees. Shared terms in the training documents included the following: corporate mission, corporate performance, corporate responsibility, product (healthy, sustainable, design), price, packaging, reduced waste, energy (reduction, use), and carbon emission. Overlaps between training texts and interview comments revolved around key corporate business goals as well as sustainability as the right thing to do. In the interviews, value statements (e.g., sustainability as the right thing to do or a "good way to do business") were especially strong. Within both text and talk, the buyer-supplier relationship was emphasized. Areas of divergence between talk and text and between organizations were identified.


Recent studies have demonstrated hematogones (HGs) expansion to be associated with favorable outcomes in hematological diseases, especially in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of cancer in children. As of now, minimal residual disease (MRD) remains the most compelling independent prognostic factor in childhood ALL. There is need for more prognostic tools for evaluating relapse risk.


Many interesting properties of polynomials are closely related to the geometry of their Newton polytopes. In this article, we analyze the coercivity on $\mathbb{R}^n$ of multivariate polynomials $f\in \mathbb{R}[x]$ in terms of their so-called Newton polytopes at infinity. In fact, we introduce the broad class of so-called gem regular polynomials and characterize their coercivity via conditions solely containing information about the geometry of the vertex set of the Newton polytope at infinity, as well as sign conditions on the corresponding polynomial coefficients. For all other polynomials, the so-called gem irregular polynomials, we introduce sufficient conditions for coercivity based on those from the regular case. For some special cases of gem irregular polynomials, we establish necessary conditions for coercivity, too. Using our techniques, the problem of deciding the coercivity of a polynomial can often be studied based on its Newton polytope at infinity. We relate our results to the context of po...


Background: Infrarenal aortic occlusion (IAO) is a complete occlusion of infrarenal aorta, which is the most complicated and severe subclass of aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD). The first-line treatment for IAO is bypass surgery due to its favorable patency rate. As endovascular technique advances, several retrospective studies have reported their endovascular experience for IAO. However, whether endovascular treatment(EVT) is comparable to bypass surgery for IAO required further study. This research was to study the safety and efficacy of EVT for IAO compared to bypass surgery.
Methods: From 2003 to 2017, 44 consecutive patients with IAO was treated with EVT(n=16) or aortofemoral bypass surgery(n=28). The therapeutic strategy depended on patient's will and state of health. Demographics, comorbidity, mortality, complication rate, and symptom-free survival proportion was compared by T-tests or chi-square test, to illustrate the safety and efficacy of EVT and bypass surgery.
Results:The demographics and pre-operative Rutherford classification equally distributed in the two groups(P>0.05). As for technical success, comorbidities, mortality, complication rate, and Rutherford classification after procedures, clinical success, no significant difference was observed(P>0.05). The median post-procedure hospital stay was 4 days in the EVT group and was significantly shorter than that of the bypass, which was 11 days(P<0.05). As for short-term and long-term results, the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year the cumulative symptom-free survival rates were 85.7%, 85.7% and 85.7% in the EVT group, 100%, 94.1% and 80.7% in the aortofemoral bypass group.There was no significant difference insymptom-free survival ratebetween the two groups according to log-rank test (P=0.92)
Conclusions: The safety and efficacy of EVT were comparable to that of anatomic bypass surgery for IAO . EVT could be a feasible option for IAO.


A 52-year-old man noticed weakness of the legs, numbness of the feet, and difficulty walking, followed by weakness and numbness in the hands, 4 weeks prior to admission. These symptoms worsened over a 1-week period but then stabilized. Two weeks later, the patient had onset of diplopia and ptosis in the left eye. One month prior to the onset of symptoms, he experienced flu-like symptoms including headache, body aches, sore throat, and increased fatigue. On examination, the patient was wheelchair-bound. Abnormal cranial nerve findings included decreased visual acuity due to diabetic retinopathy, fluctuating left ptosis, and paresis in the right lateral and left medial rectus muscles. In the limbs, power was grade 4 (Medical Research Council scale) in the proximal muscles but 3 in the distal muscles; tendon stretch reflexes were absent, and there was decreased pin-prick to the mid-tarsal level and vibration sense on the toes and fingers. The spinal fluid was acellular with protein level of 63 mg/dl. Nerve conduction studies showed a demyelinating neuropathy (Table 1). Needle electromyography showed active denervation in anterior tibialis, gastrocnemius, vastus lateralis, first dorsal interossei, and lumbosacral paraspinal muscles. Sural nerve biopsy showed perivascular collections of inflammatory cells and moderate loss of myelinated fibers, indicative of inflammatory neuropathy. A tensilon test was positive with improvement in eye findings. Repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) testing showed a marked decrement (44%–72%) at 2–5-Hz stimulation in the abductor digiti quinti, flexor carpi ulnaris, orbicularis oris, and trapezius muscles (Figure 1). A computerized tomography scan of the mediastinum did not show thymoma. An acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody assay was positive at 10.6 nmol/L. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for 3 days, pyridostigmine 360 mg/day, and prednisone 20 mg/day improved his status so that he could walk with a walker at time of discharge. Table 1. Nerve conduction studies.


This paper proposes a comprehensive framework for the accuracy assessment of taxonomically diverse LULC maps. A widely accepted difficulty in assessing such maps is associated with the vagueness in the interpretation of complex landscapes. For every class of the map, this method quantified the thematic and positional fuzziness of accuracy, induced by this difficulty. The labeling protocol consisted of a fuzzy comparison between the map and a reference maplet, for which degrees of positional and thematic tolerance can be user-defined. The construction of reference maplets permitted a flexible analysis (comparable with the assessment of other maps) of the positional fuzziness of the reference dataset and of the vagueness of the assessment process, while the alternate evaluation protocol, based on traditional point like data collection, did not allow such analysis.


—Traffic monitoring and surveillance form part of the basic aspects of several maritime applications. The observation regions around harbours have multiple modern radar sensors for adequate coverage, and the sensors produce measurements from potential targets that appear as point clouds. With mea- surements from multiple sensors, extra information about the target's shape can be gained in order to improve monitoring within the particular observation region. In this paper, we present a framework for processing radar measurements from multiple sensors which outputs the extended state estimates of the vessels over an observation region jointly with their approximate size range categories. We demonstrate the performance of the framework based on real-world radar video streams with respect to its real-time capability, and finally present our implementation on both, single and multiple targets, showing promising results accompanied by some discussion.


This study was conducted during the period from June to November, 2004 with a view to study the effect of storage relative humidity (RH) on germination and vigour of wheat seed. Four different storage relative humidities (viz. 50%, 60%, 70% and 80%) and two crop varieties (wheat cv. Satabdi and wheat cv. Gourab) were used as treatment variables. Seed moisture content (SMC), germination and vigour test of seeds were done at one months interval starting from 10 July to 10 November 2004, while the initial test for SMC and germination was done on 10 June, 2004. The results showed that storage relative humidity, crop variety and their interaction significantly influenced the seed moisture content, germination and vigour index. The moisture contents of wheat seed in storage were found between 7.9-8.8, 9.5-10.0, 12.0-12.5 and 15.3-16.0%, respectively for 50, 60, 70 and 80% RH against their initial moisture content of 8.4-9.5% just before storage. The germination and vigour of all the varieties decreased with increases RH. For each of the crop variety, the highest germination was obtained at 50% RH. No seed germination was occurred in any of the variety stored at 80% RH after two months of storage. More than 92% seed germination was recorded from all the varieties after 6 months of storage. The seeds kept at 70% RH showed 83% germination in July 2004 that reduced to 74% in November.


Dynamic Assessment has recently been voiced of constructivism, the socio-cultural theory of learning. This article, challenging the psychometric and product-based test, makes an attempt to delve into the epistemological and ontological theories of Dynamic Assessment (DA) and their criticisms. DA is the offspring of Vygotsky's theory of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and Feuerstein's mediated learning experience (MLE). It emphasises constructing a future through mediations. Interestingly, this development-oriented process of collaboration relies on the unification of instruction and assessment which is a strong threat to the reliability of the psychometric tests. This study also deals with the battle of views on DA. It discusses the appealing face of DA embracing ethical values, fairness and social equity, and the process based assessment. It also argues the negative face of DA comprising modifiability, interventionism, and stability. It finally concludes that each system should be criticised by certain criteria. Faced with the scarcity of research both theoretically and empirically, the critical analysis of this new generation of test in an L2 setting might be helpful for further discussions, suggestions and implications in the second language learning arena.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device which optimize guidance and arrangement of a catheter for reducing risk due to erroneous arrangement and cost for an X-ray image.SOLUTION: A vascular access and guidance system includes: a slender body 105 which has a base end 110 and a terminal 115; a non-imaging ultrasonic transducer which is constituted so as to provide internal non-imaging ultrasonic information of a blood vessel of a patient and is provided in the slender body; an intravascular electrocardiogram lead wire 111 in which an intravascular cardiogram lead wire electrical detection segment is at a position of providing an organism electrocardiogram signal of a patient when the slender body is in the blood vessel, and which is provided in the slender body; a processor 140 which is constituted so as to perform processing by receiving a signal from the non-imaging ultrasonic transducer and a signal from the intravascular electrocardiogram lead wire 111; and an output device 130 which is constituted so as to display the result of information processed by the processor 140.


The characteristic parameters of bending stiffness ratio i,shearing stiffness ratio g of outrigger trusses and bending stiffness ratio p of column were investigated in order to get the simplified calculation formula of structural roof displacement in frame-core structure with outriggers.The relationships among the structural roof displacement,internal forces and i,g,p under uniformly distributed loading and earthquake loading were studied taking as example a 253.2-meter super-rise building using the software ETABS.The results show that i,g,p adopted for optimizing the structural lateral stiffness are reasonable and feasible,and p has the greatest influence on the structural lateral stiffness,the second is g and i has the smallest effect.As for the characteristic parameters,i should not be bigger than 0.6,g should be between 0.9~3.5,and p should be between 1.3~4.6.


The level of production in a variety of organic production systems is often lower than in other traditional production systems. In poultry production, there is also a direct negative effect of the small scale regarding sustainable organic poultry production. Regardless of differences between organic and conventional production systems, this experiment aimed to investigate the usage of tea tree Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel essential oils as a natural alternative to antibiotics in hen nutrition on productive parameters, table egg quality and eggs fatty acid profile as a promising sustainable organic agricultural tool. A total of 360 Lohmann Brown hens, aged 54 weeks, divided into three different treatment diets, were supplemented with 0 (T1), 40 (T2) and 80 mg/kg (T3) of M. alternifolia essential oil, respectively. Experimental treatments were replicated four times within 30 birds each. The experiment lasted for a total of 56 days (55 to 62 weeks of hens age). A 56-day experimental had two timetable periods of 28 days each: period 1 (55 to 58 weeks of hen age) and period 2 (59 to 62 weeks of hen age). For compound feed supplemented with M. alternifolia essential oil, daily egg production and the efficiency of nutrient utilization (FCR) was improved significantly (p < 0.05) until the end of week 58, with a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the thickness of eggshell, as well as egg production (p < 0.05). However, egg mass, feed consumption, FCR and albumen height, Haugh unit, and eggshell strength did not show any significant (p > 0.05) differences influenced by essential oil feed supplementation. Lower concentrations of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and higher concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), were recorded with M. alternifolia essential oil supplementation, but without significant (p > 0.05) differences. At the end of the experiment, the obtained results showed that the addition of M. alternifolia essential oil to hen nutrition had a positive effect on production parameters and eggs fatty acid profile, with increased eggshell thickness (p < 0.05).


We report a theoretical study of dissociative recombination (DR) of BeH+ by low energy electron impact, using previously computed molecular data as input for a Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory (MQDT) approach. Three electronic symmetries of BeH, 2 Π, 2 Σ+ , and 2 Δ have been included in the calculations. We present cross sections and thermal rate coefficients ready to be used in the modelling of the BeH+ abundance in the interstellar medium and stellar atmosphere.


A method for manufacturing a phase difference plate comprises a first step of forming an uncured light-cured material layer on a substrate, a second step of providing a patterned shielding layer so that the surface of the uncured light-cured material layer can be partly shielded, a third step of enabling a first light source to pass through the patterned shielding layer so that a light-cured material layer with a partial area cured can be formed, a fourth step of removing the patterned shielding layer, a fifth step of radiating the light-cured material layer with a second light source so that the structured light-cured material layer provided with a microstructural surface can be formed, a sixth step of forming an alignment layer on the microstructural surface of the structured light-cured material layer, and a seventh step of forming a liquid crystal layer on the alignment layer and enabling the liquid crystal layer to be provided with at least one thick-layer area and at least one thin-layer area. Due to the fact that the light-cured material layer is illuminated two times, a concave-convex microstructure is generated on the light-cured material layer, and the alignment layer and the liquid crystal layer which are formed on the light-cured material layer are made to be respectively provided with the concave-convex microstructure. Therefore, the method for manufacturing the phase difference plate has the needed phase difference effect.


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  Short QT syndrome (SQTS) is a rare, autosomal dominant disease causing ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. Genetic testing is recommended according to current guidelines. Mutations in KCNQ1, KCNH2, KCNJ2 and more recently SLC4A3 genes have been implicated in SQTS. These genes encode potassium channel subunits and a bicarbonate transporter regulating intracellular pH. A dominant mutation in this transporter can lead to increased intracellular pH and shortened action potential.

  We present a family with a short QT phenotype and recurrent syncope in whom a novel genetic variant was detected by whole-exome sequencing (WES), confirmed by cascade screening.

  We performed a thorough work-up of the index patient including medical history, physical examination, 12-lead ECG, echocardiography, stress testing, coronary angiography, flecainide challenge, and genetic testing with NGS. QTc was determined using Bazett's formula. CS of all 1° and two 2° relatives was performed.

  The ECG of the index patient showed a QTc of 340ms and characteristics compatible with a SQTS (figure). Clinical work-up was unremarkable. A first genetic search with next generation sequencing focusing on genes that have been previously involved in the pathogenesis of channelopathies detected a rare known heterozygous missense variant in the KCNH2 gene (Arg328Cys, frequency 0.053%), which was predicted to be pathogenic according to various prediction algorithms (Polyphen, SIFT, Align GVGD, mutation taster). ECG screening of all asymptomatic first-degree family members identified a SQT phenotype in the mother (QTc 355ms), but not in the father (QTc 380ms) and sister (410ms). The KCNH2 variant was found in the father and sister but not the affected mother, which excludes this variant as the causative mutation in this family. Therefore, reanalysis of WES data was performed and revealed a novel heterozygous missense variant p.(Arg370Cys) in the SLC4A3 gene, recently associated with SQTS. A mutation in this gene at the same position has been previously reported in SQTS. The p.(Arg370Cys) mutation was found in the mother but not in the unaffected father or sister. Furthermore the mutation was present in two affected maternal uncles (QTc 319ms and 342ms) supporting the assumption that this was the causative mutation in this family.

  A novel genetic variant in the SLC4A3 gene leading to sQT phenotype could be detected using WES and cascade screening. Predictive bioinformatic algorithms to assess the pathogenicity of missense variants are of limited relevance, but genetic analysis of additional unaffected and affected family members may be instrumental to identify pathogenic DNA sequence variations.
 Abstract Figure. Pedigree and ECGs of the family


Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are used in flood studies. Combined with an hydraulic modeling of the french Marne river, impacts of various river-works may be appreciated, ranging from river restoration to dam building. Geomorphological approach at a rated scale is preliminar to flood quantification. Hydraulic and cartographic models come afterwards. Geographical confrontation of those results to land cover gives the risk for the different schemes.


Dielectric Elastomers (DE) are promising materials for developing soft machines (e.g., a human-made octopus). The principle of actuation has gained to DE the name "artificial muscles" since they can undergo large deformation when excited by an electric field. Another class of active materials that can be actuated by external field is Magnetoactive Elastomers (MAE). Although MAE and DE share mathematical similarities, the physics is different. Electric field can induce polarization in elastomers, and hence generate electrostatic stresses within the material. As a response to the electrically induced stresses, the material deforms. For


OBJECTIVE
To investigate urethral hypersensitivity as a cause of sensory urgency.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Twenty women with sensory urgency and 10 normal controls were enrolled in the study. A urethral conductance catheter was designed comprising three pairs of electrodes. These were accurately located in the urethra using the principle of urethral electrical conductance. The urethral sensory threshold was then measured at three sites along the urethral by applying a stimulatory current across each pair of electrodes in turn.

RESULTS
The women with sensory urgency had significantly higher thresholds for urethral stimulation along the whole urethra when compared with the control group.

CONCLUSION
Urethral hypersensitivity was not found to be a feature of sensory urgency and in fact the converse was demonstrated. This has not been described before. High sensory thresholds may occur with small fibre peripheral neuropathies. Thus, peripheral neuropathy is potentially a factor in the, as yet unknown, aetiology of sensory urgency.


One of the most prominent data quality problems is the existence of duplicate records. Current duplicate elimination procedures usually produce one clean instance (repair) of the input data, by carefully choosing the parameters of the duplicate detection algorithms. Finding the right parameter settings can be hard, and in many cases, perfect settings do not exist. Furthermore, replacing the input dirty data with one possible clean instance may result in unrecoverable errors, for example, identification and merging of possible duplicate records in health care systems.

In this paper, we treat duplicate detection procedures as data processing tasks with uncertain outcomes. We concentrate on a family of duplicate detection algorithms that are based on parameterized clustering. We propose a novel uncertainty model that compactly encodes the space of possible repairs corresponding to different parameter settings. We show how to efficiently support relational queries under our model, and to allow new types of queries on the set of possible repairs. We give an experimental study illustrating the scalability and the efficiency of our techniques in different configurations.


Investigation of a possible relationship between asbestos exposure and the development of colon-rectum cancer must consider that recognizable changes in the bowel mucosa may antedate the appearance of clinically apparent carcinoma. It is generally acknowledged that at least some carcinomas of the large bowel arise in a pre-existent benign neoplasm, the so-called adenoma or adenomatous polyp (1). Because of the suspected relationship between benign adenomas and carcinoma, a comparison of population groups should consider not only the presence of clinical carcinoma but also the occurrence of potentially premalignant lesions. These lesions may be small, multiple, and asymptomatic. Collection of data regarding their extent and distribution requires a careful and systematic examination of the mucosa of the large intestine. The technique which I will describe permits a meticulous and systematic gross and microscopic examination of colon-rectum specimens so that both small and large grossly recognizable lesions as well as lesions recognized only microscopically can be studied. This technique has been used for approximately two years in the laboratory of Dr. Oscar Auerbach, Senior Medical Investigator, East Orange (New Jersey) Veteran's Administration Hospital. The technique is based on a method of tissue processing developed by Dr. Guillermo Carrera at the Ochsner Foundation Clinic in New Orleans, Louisiana. We have modified this


At each point in the image, the direction of the line of greatest rate of change in intensity is calculated and quantized to the required accuracy. For each quantized angle a tally is kept of the total number of occurrences of that angle over the whole image. The results are presented as a polar histogram.


The dissipative processes due to viscous friction and acoustic emission from vibrating tuning fork prongs, in the hydrodynamic and ballistic regimes at the scattering of thermal excitations, are investigated by measuring current - voltage characteristics of a quartz tuning fork immersed in He II The vibrating tuning forks with resonant frequencies 32, 37, 77 and 97 kHz were used and measurements were carried out at saturated vapor pressure in temperature range 0.35 K–1.5 K It was found that at T > 1 K for the hydrodynamic flow regime in He II, the main dissipative process is the viscous friction and acoustic dissipation mechanism is essential only at frequencies above 70 kHz. At T < 0.5 K, for the ballistic regime, the scattering mechanism of the dissipation due to scattering of thermal excitations by vibrating tuning fork prongs predominates only for low frequency (32 kHz) and acoustic dissipation mechanism dominantes in almost the entire frequency range.


Abstract. At 130 kg bodyweight Mangalica and Hungarian Large White pig adipose tissue was compared, by means of histology. Adipose cell diameter (117.2 ± 24.1 vs. 55.3 ± 17 μm, Mangalica vs. Hungarian Large White), size (118.9 ± 44.3 vs. 31.9 ± 0.63 μm2∙100) and volume (8.01 ± 0.67 vs. 2.18 ± 0.18 μm3 ∙1 000) was significantly higher in Mangalica, while the hydroxyproline content (0.04 ± 0.005 vs. 0.23 ± 0.014 weight% of wet tissue) and the connective tissue area in the microscopic images (%) were ca. 5-fold higher in Hungarian Large White. The present quantitative results underscore the experience that at identical bodyweight the fat (89.9 ± 1.19 vs. 78.9 ± 0.39 %) and dry matter content (97.8 ± 1.72 vs. 87.7 ± 0.38 %, Mangalica vs. Hungarian Large White), as well as the cellularity of Mangalica largely differs from that of Hungarian Large White.


Aiming at the problems of three phase transformers voltage ratio and connection group code test, such as more connecting wires, complex test process and the test result not being audio visual, a micro computer based measurement, data processing and control system was successfully developed. This device only employing single phase power supply can at the same time automatically measure the voltage ratio and connection group and the test result can directly be displayed in digital. In the voltage ratio circuit design, the principle of two voltage meter method is adopted, a high precision A/D transformer is used and a microcomputer is employed to measure voltage and calculate the voltage ratio values. In the connection group code circuit design, the principle of phase meter method is employed, i.e. adding a three phase A.C. voltage on the primary coil to detect the phase difference between primary and second coils, and thus the value of connection group code may be judged. Experimental test shows that this system possesses the advantatges of good anti disturbed ability, high test precision and easy operation.


Fluoro Peptides Shuheng Xu, and Sunliang Cui* 1 Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China. E-mail: email@example.com Abstract: The sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) reaction has become a good click chemistry transformation and acted as a powerful tool in medicinal chemistry and materials science. Therefore, the investigation of versatile SuFExable synthon and SuFEx compatible reactions is highly desirable. Herein, the sulfonyl fluoro isocyanides were first developed as a new type of SuFExable synthon, and used as flexible building blocks in the Ugi four-component reaction (U-4CR). Hence, the preparation methods of differential SuFExable isocyanides were set up, including both aryl and alkyl sulfonyl fluoro isocyanides. Meanwhile, the sulfonyl fluoro tolerable Ugi reaction was established and the substrate scope was investigated, and various sulfonyl fluoro α-amino amides and peptides could be reached in a one-step synthesis. Therefore, this protocol opens a new vision for SuFExable building block and click chemistry, and also provides a distinct approach to sulfonyl fluoro peptides.


This paper describes the specifications on balanced steel ratio and maximum reinforcement for the design of RC flexural members by the Korean Highway Bridge Design Code based on limit states design. The Korean Highway Bridge Design Code (Limit States Design) is not provide for the balanced steel ratio specification for the calculation of required steel area of RC flexural members design. The maximum seel area limited the depth of the neutral axis at the ultimate limit states after redistribution of the moment, and also recommended the maximum steel area should not exceed 4 percent of the cross sectional area. However, from the maximum neutral axis depth provisions should increase the cross section is calculated to be less the maximum reinforcement area, and according to the 4% of the cross sectional area of the concrete, the tensile strain of the reinforcement is calculated to be greater than double the yielding strain, so can not guarantee a ductile behavior. This study developed a balanced reinforcement ratio that is basis for the required reinforcement calculation for tension-controlled RC flexural members design in the ultimate limit states verification provisons and material properties and applied the ultimate strain of the concrete compressive strength with a simple formular to be applied to design practice induced. And assumed the minimum allowable tensile strain of reinforcement double the yielding strain, and applying correction coefficient up to the ratio of maximum neutral axis depth, proposed maximum steel ratio that can be applied irrespective of the reinforcement yield strength and concrete compressive strength.


There has been a widespread recovery of public memory of the events of the Second World War since the end of the 1980s, with war crimes trials, restitution actions, monuments and memorials to the victims of Nazism appearing in many countries. This has inevitably involved historians being called upon to act as expert witnesses in legal actions, yet there has been little discussion of the problems that this poses for them. The French historian Henry Rousso has argued that this confuses memory with history. In the aftermath of the Second World War, judicial investigations unearthed a mass of historical documentation. Historians used this, and further researches, from the 1960s onwards to develop their own ideas and interpretations. But since the early 1990s there has been a judicialization of history, in which historians and their work have been forced into the service of moral and legal forms of judgment which are alien to the historical enterprise and do violence to the subleties and nuances of the historian's search for truth. This reflects Rousso's perhaps rather simplistically scientistic view of the historian's enterprise; yet his arguments are powerful and should be taken seriously by any historian considering involvement in a law case; they also have a wider implication for the moralization of the history of the Second World War, which is now dominated by categories such as "perpetrator,""victim," and "bystander" that are legal rather than historical in origin. The article concludes by suggesting that while historians who testify in war crimes trials should confine themselves to elucidating the historical context, and not become involved in judging whether an individual was guilty or otherwise of a crime, it remains legitimate to offer expert opinion, as the author of the article has done, in a legal action that turns on the research and writing of history itself.


As we advances into 14/10nm technology node, single patterning technology is far from enough to fabricate the features with shrinking feature size. According to International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors in 2011,1 double patterning lithography is already available for massive productions in industry for sub-32nm half pitch technology node. For 14/10nm technology node, double patterning begins to show its limitations as it uses too many stitches to resolve the native coloring conflicts. Stitches will increase the manufacturing cost, lead to potential functional errors of the chip, and cause the yield lost. Triple patterning lithography and E-Beam lithography are two emerging techniques to beat the diffraction limit for current optical lithography system. In this paper, we investigate combining the merits of triple patterning lithography and E-Beam lithography for standard cell based designs. We devise an approach to compute a stitch free decomposition with the optimal number of E-Beam shots for row structure layout. The approach is expected to highlight the necessity and advantages of using hybrid lithography for advanced technology node.


The access to local knowledge in a host country has been recognized as a crucial factor in explaining the capacity of MNC sub-units for locally exploratory activity. We argue that as international business has moved away from the traditional model of unidirectional transfer of technological knowledge from the parent company to its foreign sub-units, over time new factors have come to influence the local innovative creativity of sub-units. In particular, the more open is the local system in which an MNC sub-unit is located, and the more that system facilitates access to non-localized knowledge, the more likely it is that a sub-unit will develop greater local creativity. Moreover, since in recent times local sub-unit creativity is typically founded on a search for novel combinations of the core knowledge of the MNC with knowledge acquired from external sources through the local system, the richness of the parent company knowledge stock on which a sub-unit can draw has become increasingly important to the development of competence creating activity in a sub-unit. Using data on the innovative activities of the world's largest industrial firms at the sub-unit level, over the period 1930-95, we find that the local host system's international openness and the access to parent company knowledge increasingly positively influence the relative extent of subsidiary competence creating (CC) activities.


Abstract. We investigate an optical system for the absolute distance measurement of objects with rough surfaces, using the principle of asynchronous optical sampling (ASOPS). A telescope system collects the scattered laser light that returns from the rough surface and directs it into a collimator with high precision. The contrastive absolute distance measurement experiments are carried out using a plane mirror and objects with rough surfaces. The residual error is kept within 10  μm within a 2-ms sampling time for the rough surfaces. Our results indicate that this ASOPS method is a promising candidate for metrological applications in some industrial sites.


We consider a class of smooth local nonconvex functionals defined on W2,2(Ω), depending on a small parameter e and we prove that they converge, as e tends to 0, to a functional F(u,Ω) with a bulk density depending on the gradient of u and a surface energy concentrated on the jump set of u. This provides a new alternative to the approximation of free discontinuity problems, which applies in particular to the Mumford–Shah model.


This study assesses the economic impact of the Electronic Trade Platform MarketMaker on agricultural producers. Results obtained using contingent valuation techniques indicate that producers are willing to pay $47.02 annually for the services they receive from the platform. Producers' characteristics such as registration type and annual sales have a significant effect on producers' willingness to pay.


With respect to the optimization design of sewer network,tree structured theory was used to depict the sewer network,ternary tree form was proposed to treat the sewer network structure,and pipe section was regarded as node in this study.The post-order transversal (nodal recursive algorithm) was applied to make hydraulic calculation.In optimization of calculation,pipe diameter was selected by enumerating the standard pipe diameter,so as to raise the operational speed.Both the lowest and optimal construction cost and the cost of pipe and pump station shall be considered in optimizing program.Delphi language was used for programming the optimizer of sewer network.The program was checked by sewer network in a village of Tianjin.The optimizing philosophy can also be used in storm sewer design.


Introduction: The assisted 6‐minute cycle test (A6MCT) distance was assessed in adults with muscular dystrophy (MD). Methods: Forty‐eight males, including those with Duchenne MD (DMD), limb‐girdle MD (LGMD), fascioscapulohumeral MD (FSHD), and Becker MD (BMD), as well as a group without MD (CTRL), completed handgrip strength (HGS), lung function [forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)], body fat, and biceps thickness assessments. During the A6MCT, ventilation (VE), oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide (VCO2), and heart rate (HR) were recorded. Results: A6MCT and HGS were lower in MD than CTRL subjects. FEV1, FVC, and biceps thickness were lower in MD than CTRL; lower in DMD than BMD, LGMD, and FSHD; but were not different between BMD, LGMD, and FSHD. A6MCT correlated with HGS, FEV1, FVC, body fat, VO2, VCO2, HR, and VE (r = 0.455–0.708) in pooled BMD, LGMD, and FSHD participants. Discussion: A shorter A6MCT distance in adult males with MD was attributable to HGS and lung function. The A6MCT is appropriate for assessment of physical function in adults with MD. Muscle Nerve 58: 427–433, 2018


Chili is one of the irreplaceable commodities for food necessity. Pasar Baru Kranggot is a market for farmers to necessity Cilegon people supplied. Farmers for harvest supplied to be a price taker and it makes them have fewer revenue sales. Government policy for producer have not followed by policy on the market and that shows presence price fluctuation on curly red chili. That's price fluctuation in the market is that causes price risk on curly red chili commodity. Research and data retrieval conducted in Pasar Baru Kranggot, the method of this research is use the ARCH-GARCH model and Value at Risk (VaR). The findings of this study are indicated that the best model is ARCH (1) which is mean that chili price is affected by the previous week's volatility. The price risk for one week's sales later is the amount of 24.8% and in two weeks 35.07%. The prevention to reduce the price risk for farmers can be done by building cooperation/partnership with the start-up/marketing industry, planting time and planting patterns, cooperated with pesticide company and contract systems. The government effort can do to reduce price risk is production of warehouses, the setup of agents/distributors in supplying, the openness of information for farmers and the market, the treatment and the risk building of farmers.


Trapeziid crabs inhabiting Acropora corals from three major East African collections were examined. Two new species, Tetralia innamorata and Tetralia vanninii are described and three previously recognized species, Tetralia cinctipes Paulson 1875, Tetraloides heterodactyla (Heller 1861) and Tetraloides nigrifrons (Dana 1852) are discussed. A key separating these five species is provided.


By the study of the physiological character of winter wheatLAI at heading period,this paper discussed the spatial structure of the LAI,and estabilished its semisphere model.The results showed that LAI had good regionalized variable characteristic and spatial structure.In the practice,the establishment of the model could offset the shortage of using classical statistics to study the physiological character of plant.


We evaluated the availability of a method proposed by Kuno et al. (2000, PASJ, 52, 775) for measuring the pattern speed of barred galaxies, and applied it to observational data. We made error estimations using a hydrodynamical galaxy model to test the validity of the method. Error estimations suggest that the method is able to determine the pattern speed within an error of 10%–20%. The method was applied to 12 CO (1–0) data of three late-type barred galaxies: NGC 2903, M 83, and NGC 3627. The derived pattern speed was 40 km s � 1 kpc � 1 for NGC 2903, 57 km s � 1 kpc � 1 for M 83, 39 km s � 1 kpc � 1 for NGC 3627, respectively. For the sake of a comparison with measurements in other galaxies, we used the distance-independent valueR (� RCR=Rbar), and found that bars in the three late-type spirals are "slow" (R> 1.4). Our results support recent claims that bars are not always "fast" (R � 1.4), at least for late-type spiral galaxies.


A HIGH DEGREE OF COMPACTION IS REQUIRED IN COHESIONLESS SAND SUBGRADES TO MINIMIZE RUTTING AND ROUGHENING OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT SURFACES CARRYING HEAVY AIRPLANE WHEEL LOADS. STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED BY THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS AT EGLIN FIELD, FLORIDA TO SECURE INFORMATION ON PRACTICAL METHODS OF SECURING SUCH COMPACTION IN UNIFORM SAND SUBGRADES DOWN TO DEPTHS OF 6 FT. BELOW THE PAVEMENT SURFACE DURING CONSTRUCTION. TEST SECTIONS WERE OF SUFFICIENT SIZE TO PERMIT TRAFFIC COMPACTION BY HEAVY GRADING EQUIPMENT RANGING FROM AN RD-8 TRACTOR TO LARGE EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT WITH LOADS UP TO 60,000 LB. PER WHEEL. DATA WERE SECURED ON THE COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF COMPACTING SOAKED, SPRINKLED AND DRY SECTIONS. INDICATIONS FROM THE RESULTS POINT TO THE NEED OF HEAVY LOADS AND VIBRATION TO EFFECT A SATISFACTORY DEGREE OF COMPACTION OVER THE NECESSARY DEPTH RANGE IN SAND SUBGRADES. FOR THE CONDITIONS WHICH EXIST AT EGLIN FIELD THE ADDITION OF MOISTURE DOES NOT ADD MATERIALLY TO THE COMPACTION. /AUTHOR/


A position siatemene developed by the Canadian Psychiatric Association 's Standing Committee on Professional Standards and Practice and approved by the CPA s Board of Directors on September 17, 2010. Canadian society recognizes that people have certain rights protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. These include the right to life, liberty, and security, and not to be subjected to cruel and unusual treatment or punishment.1 Charter rights, including the right to self-determination and autonomy, may be infringed on in emergent and specific circumstances when acute mental illness manifests. The provinces and territories have various mental health and associated acts that allow for the restraint or detention of people with acute mental illness when they or others are at risk. A definition of restrain is "to place the person under control by the minimal use of such force, mechanical means or chemicals as is reasonable having regard to the person's physical and mental condition."- Restraint is not treatment as restraint is the temporary use of force to protect the patient or others. Seclusion involves the confinement of the person in a room or area from which free exit is prevented. In certain even more specific circumstances the mental state of the person may require restraint or seclusion of the person to prevent harm. This type of emergency intervention is not only a further deprivation of liberty but also has associated risks to the person. Thus their use should be only in clearly defined and specific situations when no alternatives exist. An ideal world would be one in which detention under mental acts, seclusion, and restraint are unneeded.' We, as a society and as a profession, should strive to move in that direction. However, not only are we not at that point but also the business of acute and emergency psychiatry comes with the risk of physical harm to patients, staff, and copatients. All involved, including staff, also have a right to care and safety. However, should either restraint or seclusion be required, they should only be used in emergency situations when all appropriate less restrictive measures have been exhausted or when the intervention is required to prevent immediate harm to the person or to others. It is important that staff is trained in crisis de-escalation and risk-reduction techniques. Attention should also be given to patient mix, space, layout, funding, treatment alternatives, and recreational activities, among other factors that may reduce seclusion and restraint. Each facility that uses this type of intervention should ensure that up-to-date policies are in place and that staff is familiar with them. Local policies should be in accordance with provincial, professional, and national standards for the use of seclusion and restraint. Attention to best practices, including regular physician review, needs to take place. Safeguards should include the need for a physician order and examination, regular observations, short time frames, humane settings, and external reviews if the intervention extends beyond certain time periods. All efforts should be expended to review incidents requiring seclusion or restraint and interventions to prevent further use should take place if at all possible.45 As a profession, we should strive to continue to treat all our patients in a humane and fair manner, respecting their rights and freedoms. Ideally, no person should lose their right to liberty and freedom but, unfortunately, acute mental illness may make that impossible, albeit for brief periods. The use of seclusion and restraint should be emergency measures used when all others fail or are unsuitable. These interventions may be essential to protect not only the patient but also others, including copatients, members of the public, and staff. If and when used, current monitored safeguards must be in place. References 1. …


SummaryIn this supplement to his study of monastic theology published in Bijdragen 57(1996)381-404 Martijn Schrama demonstrates how in the development of the scholastic theology of the 13th century interest for the affect diminishes. However, where the affective moment is stimulated anew by the theologians of the Schola Augustiniana, it serves to emphasize the pastoral aspect of theology, in oppositition to the dogmatic aspect of the discipline.


Generalized Dermatophytosis (Probably Due to Trichophyton Purpureum) . Presented byDr. Samuel Ayres Jr., andDr. Nelson Paul Anderson, Los Angeles. E. L. C., a 55 year old white man, has had an eruption for about one year, during which time he has applied ammoniated mercury ointment and lately a liquid proprietary remedy, without effect. At present the eruption is widely scattered and covers a large part of the body, including the trunk, arms, legs, neck and ears and to a slight extent the feet and the backs of the hands. It presents an ill defined, mildly erythematous, dry, scaly and almost chapped appearance. In some places the areas are rather sharply marginated. The skin on the lower part of the back is relatively free of eruption. All of the finger nails and toe nails show thickening, with a whitish, opaque appearance; the toe nails are yellowish and considerably


To provide students a large, non-auditioned choral ensemble experience at the college level performing repertoire ranging in different styles, languages, and time periods. To develop
sight-reading skills, overall musicianship, and vocal technique in all vocalists. To challenge students to greater musical understanding and artistic advancement and to develop ensemble skills through
performance.


This paper reviews the Chinese immigration history in Los Angeles, with Chinatown representing its urbanization process and San Gabriel Valley representing its suburbanization process. These two processes are distinct and have different impacting factors. This empirical study also compares similarities and differences of the urban development patterns between the Chinese Americans and the mainstream white Americans. Furthermore, the paper examines the implications of Chinese immigration on local urban management from political, cultural, and socioeconomic aspects.


The starting point of this research was the concern that the circumstances, let alone quality of life, of those who migrated to England during the postwar period and who are now progressing into early old age and retirement, have only recently become an issue for research and policy. The study treats quality of life as a phenomenon (comprising the domains control, autonomy, pleasure, and self‐realisation) distinct from its potential influences. Qualitative interviews with respondents from four ethnically homogeneous groups (Jamaican Caribbean, Gujarati Indian Hindu, Punjabi Pakistani, and white English) identified six factors that influenced their quality of life: having a role, support networks, income and wealth, health, having time, and independence. Findings suggest that while both the influences on quality of life and the domains of quality of life were consistent across the ethnic groups, it was the ways in which they played out in people's lives that revealed ethnic variations.


Sustainable development warrants cognizance of the limits of the ecosystem in terms of carrying capacity and technological externalities and, therefore, the limited extent of substitutability of natural capital with physical capital. The notion of sustainability assumes maximization and/or maintenance of current production without increasing the per unit use of inputs. In this paper, we assess the agricultural sustainability of 17 Indian states using an indicator approach for a period of two decades (1991–2011). For the analysis, the paper primarily uses the normalized temporal data for construction of indices for each of the selected indicators grouped under environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Overall, the agricultural sustainability has improved in all the states. Among the sub-components, while the social-sustainability dimension improved in all the states, the environmental and economic dimensions improved in 8 and 14 states, respectively. There was significant variation in sustainability performance among the states. Economic and environmental sustainability indices were negatively correlated. Based on the results, we advocate a strategy that negates this negative correlation. We recommend a comprehensive approach for integrating all the three dimensions for planning actions towards sustainable agricultural growth.


Frontostriatal circuits dysfunction has been implicated in the etiology and psychopathology of patients with schizophrenia (SZ). However, few studies have investigated SZ‐related functional connectivity (FC) alterations in discrete frontostriatal circuits and their relationship with pathopsychology in first‐episode schizophrenia (FESZ). The goal of this study was to identify dysfunctions in discrete frontostriatal circuits that are associated with key features of FESZ. To this end, a case–control, cross‐sectional study was conducted, wherein resting‐state (RS) functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) data were collected from 37 treatment‐naïve FESZ patients and 29 healthy control (HC) subjects. Seed‐based FC analyses were performed by placing six bilateral pairs of seeds within a priori defined subdivisions of the striatum. We observed significantly decreased FC for the FESZ group relative to the HC group [p < .05, family‐wise error (FWE)‐corrected] in the limbic loop, but not in the sensorimotor or associative loops, of frontostriatal circuitry. Moreover, bilaterally decreased inferior ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens (VSi)‐dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) FC within the limbic loop correlated inversely with overall FESZ symptom severity and the disorganization factor score of PANSS. These findings provide new insight into the role of frontostriatal limbic loop hypoconnectivity in early‐stage schizophrenia pathology and suggest potential novel therapeutic targets.


This study aims to analyze the accountants' awareness and perception of using artificial intelligence in
accounting practices and determine whether the characteristics of accountants significantly affect their awareness and perception of using artificial intelligence in accounting practices. This research is both descriptive and analytical. The descriptive part of the research covered the accountants' awareness of using artificial intelligence in accounting and their perceptions of using it. The analytical part is about the correlation between accountants' characteristics, such as gender, age, education, area of expertise, and work experience, and their awareness and perceptions of using artificial intelligence. A questionnaire is prepared in Turkish and shared with Certified Public Accountants in İstanbul through the İstanbul Chamber of Certified Public Accountants. Based on the 155 responses received, it was noted that accountants are highly aware of using Artificial Intelligence in accounting practices, and their perception is supportive. The t-test and ANOVA results showed that accountants' personal characteristics do not significantly impact their awareness and perception of using artificial intelligence in accounting practices.


OClO and NO2 slant column abundances have been measured by ground-based spectrographs in both the Arctic (Kangerlussuaq, Greenland, at 67.0°N, 51.0°W) and the Antarctic (McMurdo Station, Antarctica, at 77.8°S, 166.6°E). A key process for stratospheric ozone depletion is the activation of chlorine by heterogeneous reactions. Sunlight is also an essential ingredient in the catalytic cycles that destroy ozone. This data set illustrates the seasonal timing of autumnal chlorine activation and the springtime disappearance of active chlorine at two polar sites. As such, the data provide constraints for model calculations. In the Northern Hemisphere during the winters of 1994–1995 and 1995–1996, the OClO data show the seasonal onset of stratospheric chlorine activation in mid-December and seasonal disappearance of active chlorine in mid-March. The data also show the seasonal decline and recovery (in mid-March) of nitrogen dioxide levels. In the Southern Hemisphere during the winters of 1991, 1993, and 1996, similar chemical processing occurs during late April to early May and late September to early October. The role of several factors in determining the seasonal cycles of column OClO are probed through model studies. Observed cold temperatures and reactions on liquid sulfate aerosols appear to play a key role in producing the timing of the observed OClO seasonal cycle in the Northern Hemisphere.


This study empirically examines the relationship between infrastructure stock and bilateral trade flows using a panel of 11 countries in East Africa for the period 2000 to 2018. Infrastructure augmented gravity model was estimated using total bilateral exports for the countries in East Africa. Infrastructure was disaggregated into transport and information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructures. Two institutional variables, control of corruption index and regulatory quality, were incorporated in the model. By employing Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator, the results confirm that both ICT and transport infrastructures and quality institutions positively impact on the volumes of total bilateral exports in East Africa. However, ICT infrastructure has a greater impact on trade flows compared to transport infrastructure. Therefore, more resources should be channelled towards increasing the stock of ICT infrastructure to propel trade and regional integration in East Africa.


Seismic tomography reveals two antipodal LLSVPs in the Earth's mantle, each extending from the core-mantle boundary (CMB) up to ∼1000 km depth. The LLSVPs are thought to host primordial mantle materials that bear witness of early-Earth processes, and/or subducted basalt that has accumulated in the mantle over billions of years. A compositional distinction between the LLSVPs and the ambient mantle is supported by anti-correlation of bulk-sound and shear-wave velocity (Vs) anomalies as well as abrupt lateral gradients in Vs along LLSVP margins. Both of these observations, however, are mainly restricted to the LLSVP bottom domains (2300∼2900 km depth), or hereinafter referred to as "deep distinct domains" (DDD). Seismic sensitivity calculations suggest that DDDs are more likely to be composed of primordial mantle material than of basaltic material. On the other hand, the seismic signature of LLSVP shallow domains (1000∼2300 km depth) is consistent with a basaltic composition, though a purely thermal origin cannot be ruled out.


The magneto-impedance (MI) effect in a twisted Co- based amorphous wire magnetized with a short pulse current has a bistable character: the induced wire voltage jumps at certain critical fields and exhibits a sharp hysteresis. This paper analyses the basic properties of the bistable M1 effect on the basis of a hysteresis in the ac rotational permeability in the case of a helical anisotropy typical of a twisted wire. The proposed model satisfactorily describes the experimental results. The bistable M1 element, which can be shortened to 0.5 mm in length, can be used in micro-sized switch-type field sensors such as sensitive proximity sensors. It also has a potential for application in a digital magnetic memory cell of nondestructive readout for a neural network memory.


Although there is considerable evidence that the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) and the undergraduate grade-point average (UGPA) have a useful degree of predictive validity, there is also a large variation in the magnitude of the coefficients across schools. Understanding this variation has important implications for the use and interpretation of results of a validity study conducted at an individual school. A meta analysis of the validity results and data on applicants to 154 law schools was conducted in an effort to better understand this observed variation. The standard deviation (SD) on the LSAT and the correlation between the LSAT and UGPA for accepted students at each law school accounted for 58.5% of the between-school variance in the multiple correlations of these two predictors with first-year average grade in law school. Sampling error accounted for an additional 12% of the variance. Hence, only a small fraction of the between-school variability in validities remains to be explained by other statistical artifacts of situational specificity factors. Mean validities and 90% credibility values for four adjustment procedures are reported as are the mean observed validities for different combinations of predictors.


I/O's property of printer port is analysed in this text. Has narrated baseds on the printer port information transfer , radio test and the control apparatus design living example that is used various kinds of distant test of signal of "Gao Bao's laser shooting training simulator" and remote controls. This design of living example opens up a way, for military training equipment in open country is small-size with being easy to carry, for the notebook computer ( can not expand I/O's board ) is used the real-time to be tested and control. This device design capability gets the certification in the person who the author developes "Gao Bao's laser shooting training simulator" item, and receives good effect .


Scattered layout of villages,oversized average housing site and high housing vacancy are universal phenomena in rural areas of China.Based on the result of research,three reconstruction modes (urbanization,conservation,and mergence) and their profound analysis are proposed in this paper.Economic means of countryside reconstruction are also discussed.


Electric and Electro-Hydraulic Power Steering Systems (EPS / EHPS) are gaining more and more momentum. They have substantial advantages over conventional hydraulic steering systems. In particular, EPS can improve comfort, safety and energy-efficiency of any car. The market share of these systems increases every year. The typical core component of an EPS system is a three phase brushless electric motor with power rating of up to one kilowatt. The drive system is highly dynamic and can draw more than 100 Amperes from a 12 Volt automatic power grid. EPS systems often are subjected to a 120°C ambient under-the-hood environment. Specific mission profiles (e.g. "driving school circuit") and are a special strain for the thermal design of an EPS control unit. These factors describe a very dermanding current and temperature profile for the PWM inverter power stage. Traditional discrete assemblies often exceed physical limitations and do not offer the reliability needed. In thermally dynamic applications, such as EPS, discrete semiconductors often suffer from limited silicon die size, direct Cubonding, CTE-mismatch and insufficient cooling. The bottleneck of discrebes is not the silicon allowing junction temperatures of 175° C, but the bonding and joining technologies to connect and cool the MOSFET dies. Special semiconductor power modules, e.g. comprising of six transistors, current-and temperature-sense, can overcome these limitations. They provide the reliability needed to survive the whole automotive lifecycle of up to 20 years. A range of special module packages is suitable for EPS applications and will be described in this article. Three proven architectures are part of the solution matric. ·Bare-die assemblies on ceramic substrates ·Cu-baseplate modules with bondable from ·transfer-molded modules The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these designs. Different parameters, e.g. cost, thermal cycle-capability, robustness for assembly and integration into an ECU are discussed.


An instance of diseased ovaries in a !specimen of Pomada'sys ha:sta (Bloch) is reported. The fiSih measuring 535 rom total leng,th was caught in the Hook & Line oper.ation at Sassoon Dock on 9th November 1973. The specimen colteoted in £l1esh coooi!tlion, was studied carefuHy


In this paper, we review recent approaches for explaining concepts in neural networks. Concepts can act as a natural link between learning and reasoning: once the concepts are identified that a neural learning system uses, one can integrate those concepts with a reasoning system for inference or use a reasoning system to act upon them to improve or enhance the learning system. On the other hand, knowledge can not only be extracted from neural networks but concept knowledge can also be inserted into neural network architectures. Since integrating learning and reasoning is at the core of neuro-symbolic AI, the insights gained from this survey can serve as an important step towards realizing neuro-symbolic AI based on explainable concepts.


company profitability), analyzing the impact of advertising formats (assessing the effectiveness of different advertising formats in social media), investigating the influence of audience interaction (evaluating the impact of active audience interaction on customer acquisition and retention), analyzing the impact of influencer marketing (assessing the effectiveness of using influencers in SMM advertising campaigns).


Demographic oscillators are individual-based systems exhibiting temporal cycles sustained by the stochastic dynamics of the microscopic interacting particles. We here use the example of coupled predator-prey oscillators to show that synchronization to a common frequency can occur between two such systems, even if they oscillate at different frequencies in the absence of coupling. The power spectra of the separate and the coupled systems are computed within a van Kampen expansion in the inverse system size, and it is found that they exhibit two peaks at separate frequencies at low coupling, but that only one peak is present at large enough coupling strength. We further make predictions on the time behaviour of the phases of the two oscillators, and their phase difference, and confirm the frequency entrainment at sufficiently large coupling. Theoretical results are verified convincingly in numerical simulations.


Draughtboard sharks (Cephaloscyllium laticeps) are a major bycatch in the Tasmanian Southern Rock Lobster fishery (TSRLF). Magnets are effective at deterring sharks around a range of different fishing methods and were tested as an option for reducing the ingress of draughtboard sharks into pots. Over the course of four separate (honours) projects conducted by students from the Australian Maritime College and the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, we measured the reactions of draughtboard sharks to strontium ferrite and neodymium-iron-boron magnets. Two studies were conducted in the natural habitat of the draughtboard sharks and two were controlled experiments with the sharks held in tanks. The two field studies produced inconclusive results due to small sample sizes and the inability to identify the individual sharks that approached the magnets. In the controlled experiments we were able to measure changes in the behaviour of individual draughtboard sharks in close proximity to a magnet, a control and procedural control. The behaviour of the individual sharks varied. Overall, the results of the most recent tank experiment showed that avoidance reactions were observed at the magnet in 10 out of the 12 sharks but for only 6% of the approaches to the magnets. This would suggest that it is unlikely that magnets will significantly deter draughtboard sharks in the TSRLF, however the next proposed series of controlled experiments will involve observing the behaviour of draughtboard sharks around a pot with magnets fitted to the entrance. This poster outlines the relative merits of the different experimental approaches used. It is suggested that measuring the underlying behaviour that is predicted to decrease the catch rates of bycatch species should be considered as an initial step before testing the proposed mitigation measure in a commercial fishery.


Introduction:  Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU) continue to present a formidable challenge in terms of morbidity and healthcare costs. Increasing evidence ascertains the important role of Matrix Metallo-Proteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors TIMPS in wound healing. Imbalance of MMPs in the DFU microenvironment has been associated with poor wound healing. Current research is directed toward therapeutic agents that could redress the imbalance of MMPs / TIMPs. Polyhydrated Ionogens (PHIs) formulation is based on metallic ions and citric acid. PHI application aims to positively restore MMP ratios within chronic wounds. This initial multicenter pilot study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the PHI formulation in achieving stable wound closure in recalcitrant DFUs.

Methods:  Twenty-nine patients with therapy resistant DFUs of at least 2 cm2 and 3 months duration were treated with PHI formulation in an acetate carrier dressing. Wound debridement, digital imaging, and wound perimeter tracing were performed weekly. Serum samples and punch biopsies were taken from random ulcers for quantitative MMP/TIMP analysis at three time points to assess feasibility of this method. Patient satisfaction was assessed with a questionnaire.

Results:  Stable wound closure with high patient satisfaction was achieved in 15 (75%) DFUs. MMP/TIMP ratios within different healing phases were delineated.

Discussion:  This pilot study's encouraging results prompt us to further investigate the PHI efficacy in DFU treatment in a Web-based, multicenter, randomized controlled trial.


Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi. 1t is one of the emerging infectiotts disease which WHO has put a global alert warning globally. This disease is endemic in most big cities in Indonesia. According to the data from the hospitals of those cities, the main clinical features are feve4 logether with : heodache (27-72V0), dizzines (67-96Vo), cough (26-4)Vo), nausea (56-61Vo) vomiting (37-4lvo), anorexia (37-97Vo), constipaiion (27-727o), abdominal discomfort (6-70V"), relative bradycardia (8-44Eo), coated tongue (41-100Va), hepatomegaly (58-82Vo), splenomegaly (30-38Vo), and loss of sensorium (24-43%). Luecopenia was reported between l6.7Vo-56Vo. The complications were: intestinal bleeding (1.5-147a), intestinal perforation (2.5-4Vo), septic shock (5.46.9Vo), bronchopneumonia (2.2-4.67o), myocarditis (2.6-5Vo), DIC (2.2-4.6Vo), hepatitis (1.8-5Vo), ancl pancreatitis (0.IVo). The drug of choice is still chlorampenicol, but because of its inferiority, i.e relapse (up to 15Vo), aplastic anemia (l of 100.000 cases), and chronic/permanent caniers (2-5Eo). Quinolone will be the drug of choice in the future. An investigation caruied out among typhoid patients treated with chloramphenicol in Surabaya yielded lI.8Vo convalescent carriers and 0.97Vo chronic carriers. The preventive measures inclueling : improvement of environment sanitation (safe drinking wate6 hygienic WC, supervision of restaurant, supervision of food, offood ice and milk industries), improvement oflxrsonal hygiene (public health education), caruiers control and vaccination of high risk group population.


Many petrochemical, polymer and paper industries uses the toluene as solvent for the processing it was used as the main compound in this study. The bench scale membrane bioreactor used for controlling the toluene as a main single pollutant. Toluene was treated effectively, with toluene influent concentrations maintained at less than 0.4 g m -3 and a total removal efficiency of over 96% achieved when the faced fluctuating loads. The maximum elimination capacity of the membrane biofilter system was 93.8 g m -3 h -1 . The membrane bioreactor showed a quick response to the transient condition (shutdown, restart, and shock load) and the stability of the membrane bioreactor was maintained. Further, the Bacillus sphaericus and Pseudomonas alcaligenes bacterial isolate was identified as the predominant strain involved in the toluene biodegradation in membrane bioreactor


Purpose We compared and analyzed the detectability performance pertaining to an abdominal phantom including a region of interest (ROI) according to a computed tomography (CT) reconstruction algorithm. Methods Three types of reconstruction algorithms (FBP, SAFIRE, and ADMIRE) were used to evaluate the detectability performance using the abdominal phantom (phantom size: 25 × 18 × 28 cm3). The vendor default settings for routine multi‐detector computed tomography abdominal scans were used. As the quantitative evaluation method, the contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR), difference in coefficient of variation (COV) with the normalization based on the FBP data, and the noise power spectrum (NPS) were measured. Results The characteristic of the ADMIRE‐3 reconstructed image was higher than those of the FBP and SAFIRE‐3 reconstructed images. The CNR values of the SAFIRE and ADMIRE images were much higher than the corresponding values of the FBP images. The difference in COV values for the ADMIRE images was ~1.2 times lower than the corresponding values of the SAFIRE images. Conclusion The comparative analysis of the abdominal phantom low‐contrast resolution differences for each CT exposure parameters showed that ADMIRE demonstrated better results than SAFIRE and FBP in terms of contrast, CNR, COV difference, and 1D NPS. This indicates that ADMIRE can provide a clearer observation even with the same number of contrast objects as compared to SAFIRE and FBP owing to its better contrast resolution in the central part of the contrast hole at low kV.


1. What Schools have to do about PSHE and Citizenship 2. The Role of the Head Teacher and Governors in Supporting PSHCE 3. The Role of the PSHCE Co-ordinator 4. Organising PSHCE in the School 5. Deciding What to Teach and How to Plan the PSHE and Citizenship and Citizenship Curriculum 6. The Role of Pupils, Parents and Whole School Community 7. The Classroom 8. The Socially Inclusive School 9. Setting Up a Successful School Council 10. Sensitive Issues - Drugs and Sex and Relationships Education 11. PSHCE in the Whole School Curriculum 12. Citizenship Education 13. Monitoring, Assessing, Evaluating and Reporting in PSHCE 14. Continuing Professional Development in PSHCE 15. Resources, Useful Addresses and Websites


This article investigates the effects of phonological relations on the perception of the voiceless sibilant fricatives [s] and [ʃ] in onset and coda in the Brazilian Portuguese variety spoken in Florianopolis/SC. In accordance with Boomershine et al. (2008), contrastive and non-contrastive relations are expected to affect the perception of alveolar and palato-alveolar fricatives so that the aforementioned phonetic categories are perceived to be relatively more distinct in syllable onset (contrastive relation) than in coda (non-contrastive relation). In order to verify this hypothesis, a similarity rating test (linguistic processing) and a speeded AX discrimination test (psychoacoustic processing) were applied among 30 speakers/listeners from Florianopolis. The results obtained by the linguistic processing test suggest that phonological relations do affect the perception of sibilant fricatives by speakers/listeners from Florianopolis, since they perceived the alveolar and palato-alveolar fricatives more distinct in onset than in coda position. On the other hand, the results of the psychoacoustic processing test showed opposite results, namely that the sibilant fricatives were perceptually more distinct in coda than in onset. The divergent results obtained by the two tests indicate that the phonological relations do not necessarily constrain the perception of the sibilant fricatives in Portuguese. Finally, we argue that the perception of the sibilant fricatives occurs in terms of FV (fricative-vowel) and VF (vowel-fricative) syllables and along distinct stages of processing as predicted by the Fuzzy-Logical Model of perception.


China's urban and rural tax structure,which is in traditional economic model,has played an important role in promting industrialization.However,with the development of economy,the coexistence of the agricultural tax system and industrial and commercial tax system increasingly exposed its shortcomings.Therefore,actively promoting the merge of agricultural and industrial tax system and the establishment of the national tax system has become China's reform direction.


BACKGROUND. Many studies have shown that angiogenesis plays an important role in the growth, progression, and metastasis of solid tumors. Recently, several angiogenic factors have been identified. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is thought to be one such angiogenic factor and is also thought to be a selective mitogen for endothelial cells. We investigated the correlation between the expression of VEGF and the progression of gastric carcinoma. METHODS. One hundred twenty‐nine specimens resected from patients with gastric carcinoma were investigated by staining with a polyclonal antibody against VEGF. Correlations between the expression of VEGF, microvessel density, and various clinicopathologic factors were studied. RESULTS. Microvessel density, determined by immunostaining for Factor VIII related antigen, was significantly higher in VEGF‐positive tumors than in VEGF‐negative tumors. VEGF positivity was correlated with vessel involvement, lymph node metastasis, and liver metastasis. Moreover, patients with VEGF‐positive tumors had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with VEGF‐negative tumors. Multivariate analysis indicated that the expression of VEGF is an independent prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. According to the mode of recurrence, the frequency of hepatic metastases was significantly increased among patients with VEGF‐positive tumors. CONCLUSIONS. The expression of VEGF may be a good prognostic indicator for patients with gastric carcinoma and may also be useful as a predictor of the mode of recurrence in patients with gastric carcinoma. Cancer 1996;77:858‐63.


The fire hazards associated with polypropylene wall linings sub jected to small ignition sources, were evaluated using large scale experiments and cone calorimetry. A series of seven ignition sources with increasing sever ity as recommended in BS 5852 were used in the tests. The results obtained in dicate that ignition of the polypropylene linings is likely when exposed to igni tion sources 5 to 7 as defined in BS 5852. It was observed that the melting behaviour of the polypropylene wall linings significantly affected the burning behaviour. A pool fire, consisting of melted polymer, formed at the base of the wall which then controlled the fire growth processes. The rate of flame spread on the lining surface which depended on the growth of the pool fire was slow because the thin polymer sheet could only supply a limited amount of melted polymer to the pool. The estimated heat release rates from the pool fire were close to the values measured in the cone calorimeter at the heat flux level of 25 kW m-2.


A unit cell for a fuel cell, a method of manufacturing the same, and a fuel cell system are disclosed. With the unit cell for a fuel cell comprising a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) having an electrolyte membrane and a pair of electrodes formed on both sides of the electrolyte membrane, a pair of plates made of plastic and fixed to each other with the membrane electrode assembly therebetween, plastic plates are joined using ultrasonic vibration to provide a uniform pressure distribution and to ensure airtightness, thereby preventing fuel leakage, as well as enabling smaller and thinner fuel cells.


The risk that important heritage sites may disappear as a result of war, terrorism, natural disasters or abandonment is one of the emergencies of the beginning of the new century. As a reaction to this phenomenon, international attention is focused on the theme of the reconstruction, reproduction, cloning of the heritage. Ranging from architecture to archaeology and art, these operations are underpinned by digital scanning and numerically controlled reproduction technologies. An approach based on opposite precepts involves studying the theme of additions as a tool for conservation. The outcomes of the interventions dene a space for reection and experimentation dedicated to the language of contemporary architecture for conservation.


The tremendous growth in Internet, mobile and social media has a great influence in Indian Higher Education and become indispensable parts of the marketing mix. The force is the ever-growing expectations of millennial students who are interested to explore the online profile and visibility of institutions before applying. The challenges are to understand the complex requirements related to technology management and build multi-model relationship. Many private institutions engage professional corporate team to quickly evolve strategic planning and pivot new approaches to outreach the communications in an increasingly competitive landscape. The paper aims to analyse the influence of digital and social media marketing in Indian higher education context.


force. We undoubtedly need improved measures of labor force across the prewar business cycle. Romer also demonstrates that we need improved data on the procyclical effects of productivity and hours, particularly for construction and trade and especially before 1923, when the National Industrial Conference Board began its monthly survey of employment and hours. Romer offers no evidence to support her conclusion that labor hoarding in construction and trade has not increased over time. And she does not even speculate that unionization may have produced a long-term increase in forced labor hoarding in the manufacturing sector. With regard to Frickey's data, we need a more careful assessment of the extent of materials bias, recognizing that Frickey's materials may well be largely final products in the prewar economy. Also we need more evidence on the actual behavior of materials inventories prior to 1919. Romer relies on the Abramovitz study of inventories for the period 1918-1938, but she does not address the question of whether or not the dramatic swings in price levels between 1918 and 1921 may have produced an unusually high degree of volatility in materials inventories during that period. Moreover, she does not address the possibility that with the declining significance of agriculture, which, as Kenneth Snowden points out, is inventoryintensive, the Frickey and Lebergott data, revised to take account of inventory effects, might reveal an increasing degree of economic instability during the late nineteenth century. Perhaps the real achievements in stabilization occurred in the early part of the century, at the time when Snowden finds market failure.