In present paper,coefficient of thermal expansion,thermal diffusivity and specific heat of ablation thermal protective composites C/C composites from room temperature to ultra high temperature have been experimentally investigated.Thermal conductivity and thermal stress resistance of the composite are therefore computed based on experimental results.The results show that the composite has a very low thermal expansion coefficient,near zero.Thermal diffusivity decreases exponentially with increasing temperature.The specific heat increases linearty with temperature.And thermal conductivity has a similar variety as thermal diffusivity.Thermal stress resistance has a little change with temperature,the thermal stress resistance of the composite keeps stable.


Sinocalycanthus chinensis seeds were implanted by low energy N+ at different dosage The results indicated that the germination rate,the seedling rate and the livability were lower than that of the untreated;the germination rate of seeds appeared to be saddle curve with the injection of increasing dosages.The dosage of 800×2.6×1013N+/cm2 improved the germination rate and growth.The dosage of 1 000×2.6×1013N+/cm2 induced apparent variations of M1 generation phenotypes,and it maybe the better dosage for the genetic improvement ofSinocalycanthus chinensis.


Water Margin stories were systematically complete though they changed as time passed by.The publication of Big Folk Water Margin by Fan Chaoyang and Zhang Qingjian in 2008 shows profound cultural details of Water Margin stories.It is of great academic value and practical significance to combine Water Margin culture with the reality of local economic development.The necessity and feasibility of constructing big Water Margin cultural system can be proved from the above three aspects.


Article Type Original Research In this paper, the mathematical modeling, construction, control, and implementation of a onedegree-of-freedom cube dynamic system with a reaction wheel actuator will be discussed. The innovation of this paper is the implementation of the proportional-integral-derivative controller on the experimental system of one degree of freedom with a reaction wheel. First, equations of system are expressed, then the system is analyzed in time and frequency domain. Then, the proportional-integral-derivative controller will be designed and implemented on the constructed system. The system response is compared in six steps for different control gains. The control gains of the best answer are proportional gain of -20, integral gain of -30 and derivative gain of 3in system theory answers it has 1 degree of superiority and in experimental answer it has 7 degrees of overshoot. The steady-state error is zero for both experimental and theoretical system. The rise time of the simulation theory is 10 time steps, each time step is equal to 0.001 seconds, and the experimental response of the system is 10 time steps. The simulation session time is 180 time steps and the experimental response is 100 time steps. In the next step, the stability of the control designed with the selected gains from the previous step is tested by inserting the perturbation, and the system is stabilized by 4 degrees overshoot. By changing the angle of the bottom plane, the response will have 3 degrees overshoot, but the system will remain stable. The control results show that the constructed system is well stable and appropriate time responses have been obtained. Authors Novinzadeh A. B.*1, Arab Telgerd Z.1


AbstractLet A be the class of analytic functions in the unit disk $$\mathbb{D}$$ with the normalization f(0) = f′(0) − 1 = 0. In this paper the authors discuss necessary and sufficient coefficient conditions for f ∈ A of the form $$\left( {\frac{z}
{{f(z)}}} \right)^\mu = 1 + b_1 z + b_2 z^2 + \ldots$$ to be starlike in $$\mathbb{D}$$ and more generally, starlike of some order β, 0 ≤ β < 1. Here µ is a suitable complex number so that the right hand side expression is analytic in $$\mathbb{D}$$ and the power is chosen to be the principal power. A similar problem for the class of convex functions of order β is open.


uninterpretable without knowledge of the comparability in terms of birthweight, gestation, age at death, and number of infants in the fatal HMD + IVH and HMDonly groups. Even with such information an expression of the spread and frequency of the measurements involved is needed for any scientific evaluation, particularly when dealing with data items such as pH and Pao2. We assume that, even in Oxford, blood gases are not measured continuously from the moment of birth in every preterm infant! From the data given in their original paper it may be presumed that the numbers are too small for any detailed analysis. Their Table 2 is totally misleading. It compares our Hammersmith figures for liveborn singletons over the 8 years 1966-73 with the Oxford figures for all livebirths over a 25-month period from June 1972-July 1974, restricts consideration to babies weighing 1001-1500 g, and ignores the relatively large number of clinically diagnosed IVH cases that were not subjected to necropsy at Oxford during the period in question as well as the 2 infants with IVH who survived beyond the neonatal period (Roberton and Howat 1975, Table I). In another passage of their letter, Roberton and Howat refer to the infants with IVH without HMD. We have recently completed a paper on this group of infants (Wigglesworth et al., 1977) showing that many of them were indeed given alkaline buffer therapy in similar dosage to that administered to infants with HMD of similar gestational age. Infants born at Hammersmith in 1972-74 who developed HMD did of course live longer than the average for the period 1966-73. The mean age at death was 34 hours and 30% lived for 48 hours or more. We reiterate that in our large group of singleton infants of 30-37 weeks' gestation who died with HMD, there was no criterion recorded in the case notes by which we could determine that those who developed IVH were sicker than those who died with HMD only, and that episodes of collapse diagnosed clinically as due to 1VH were seen commonly in each group. One of the most convincing arguments for a role of alkaline buffer therapy in causation of IVH in babies with HMD is perhaps the association we have shown with unruptured germinal layer haemorrhage, where it seems difficult to imagine that the drug can have been given as a consequence of the infant's collapse. We do however agree with Roberton and Howat that infants who die tend to be sicker than those who survive! Our only reason for including information on the alkali dosage administered to survivors was to show that the use of very large alkali doses (> 10 mmol/kg in 12 hours) had never (at Hammersmith) been associated with the survival of an infant who required mechanical ventilation for RDS. It seems difficult to 'justify' the use of any drug in a dosage which is invariably associated with death, unless perhaps for euthanasia. Careful reading of our paper will show that we do not believe that hypernatraemia is the most likely mechanism by which bicarbonate may elicit IVH and in that respect we also agree with Roberton and Howat. Nor would we advocate that sodium bicarbonate solutions should be entirely banished from the newborn nursery. We do consider that we have produced sufficient evidence to warrant caution in the use of a potentially lethal drug and believe that Roberton and Howat do no justice to themselves by their carping criticisms based on misleading and anecdotal data. If they seriously wish to compare their data with ours we will be happy to co-operate in carrying out a correctly designed and statistically valid study. J. S. WIGGLESWORTH, I. H. KEITH, D. J. GIRLING, and S. A. SLADE, Department ofPaediatrics and Neonatal Medicine, Institute of Child Health, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12.


Barriers Encountered by African American Women Executives in Fortune 500 Companies by Sonia Marlene Greene MA, Strayer University, 2003 MBA, Strayer University, 2005 BS, Virginia State University, 1995 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Management


An area efficient binary-to-residue converter suitable for pipeline applications is proposed in this paper. This architecture uses multiple access on a ROM to generate the residues of a given number. It has been found that more than 25% reduction in the ROM area and a saving of one adder delay can be achieved at the expense of an extra ROM access to generate the residues of a 32 bit binary number.


The wood in a large second-growth southern pine stem characteristically increases in specific gravity with increasing rings from the pith, while the growth rate slows. For a given number of rings from the pith, however, the range of variation in specific gravity and growth rate between stems is remarkably large. For example, the corewood in one stem may be of low density and slow growth, while in a second stem it may also be of low density but of fast growth. As another example, the outer wood of one stem and the corewood of a second stem may both contain fast-grown wood of low density. In the research reported here, an analysis was made of some inorganic constituents of loblolly pine wood in relation to three gross wood characteristics that can readily be measured. The characteristics, or factors, were rings from the pith, growth rate, and specific gravity. By removing wood from many stems and stratifying it by two densities and two growth rates at each of three radial positions in the stem, it was possible to isolate the independent relationships of each wood characteristic with mineral content. This approach is quite different from that taken in studies where it is desired to determine the radial variation of wood characteristics in stems. In those cases, the variation is usually measured along sections, wedges, or increment cores removed from the stem. Since the typical change in specific gravity and growth rate along the sections precludes stratification by specific gravity and growth rate at all radial positions, the independent relationship of each factor with such wood characteristics as mineral content is confounded. A review of the literature disclosed no references specific to the mineral composition of southern pine wood, although such presumably related aspects as soil nutrient deficiencies, fertilization and growth, and nutrient content in seedlings are well documented. ·'-··' Procedure Fifty loblolly pines in a stand in central Louisiana were felled during August. Portions of the stems that exhibited 40 annual rings or more were bucked into 8-foot lengths, and the top end of each length was marked. Logs with visible defectSj such as compression wood and decay, were discarded. The logs were then slabbed to a pith-center cant which was ripped along the loth, 20th, and 30th growth increments to form five boards (Fig. i). Boards were stored under water to prevent sap stain and moisture loss. Specific gravity (oven-dry weight and green volume) and growth rate were determined on a i-inch sample cut from midpoint of each board; removal of this sample reduced the boards to 4-foot lengths. On the basis of these preliminary measurements, 200 pounds of wood


With development of the western region and the construction of highways in recent years,highway construction has also made great progress in the design and construction in Guizhou province.the use of advanced inspection and measurement instruments designed for the roadbed provided a reliable technical information.That some new materials : Geotextiles,geogrids,high strength plastic net,plastic drainage plate,stiffening soft water pipes,soft and hard plastic pipes,lawn vegetation zone,such as light-weight filler materialas and so on is used the highway subgrade with the research of stabilization technology and some new Construction Machinery such as Large Tonnage Vibratory Roller,stabilized soil mixing machine,plastic drain board machine,Geotextile Machine,deep powder into a mixing machine and some new technology and new methods such as powder mixing method,plastic drainage plate,anchoring techniques,anchor bolt-shotcrete support,lightweight embankment,reinforced technology etc have been development and introduction.As well as specialized technical services is growing with the construction company establishment and development for the construction of roadbed.I am now working on the stability of roadbed in highway engineering technology and will give some summarized experience.


The valence electron structure of common alloy elements in phases of cast iron is calculated- The relationship between the electron structure of alloy elements and equilibrium, non-equilibrium solidification and graphitization is revealed by defining the bond energy of the strongest bond in a phase as structure formation factor S. A criterion of graphitization behaviour of elements is advanced with the critical value of the structure formation factor of graphite and the n of the strongest covalent bond in cementite. It is found that this theory conforms to practice very well when the criterion is applied to the common alloy elements.


This essay responds to the Nancean account of presentation, evoked in the opening citation, in order to trace out in Nancy's enquiries a disruption of Husserlian presentation, and a re-thinking of materiality on the edge of classical phenomenology. It stages a non-encounter between the writings of Jean-Luc Nancy and of Jacques Derrida in relation to a third term, the Lacanian conception of the 'real'. Thereby it can be shown how these writings touch on each other, in response to phenomenology and to psychoanalytical theory, but do not engage. All the same, the claim to be made is that the writings of Nancy and Derrida converge in forming a third option, alongside the secularised phenomenologies of Sartre and Merleau-Ponty and the Christian phenomenologies of Jean-Luc Marion and Michel Henry, by marking up the event of Lacan's reformulation of Freud's psychoanalytical theorising.


We are facing a period of epochal changes. Meteorological and climatic emergencies and global geopolitical structures pose the challenge of radically changing the sources of energy supply by abandoning hydrocarbons after 150 years and coal after millennia. Cities already have, and will assume more and more in the future, an essential role in the fight against climate change both because it is expected that in 2050 the majority of the population will live in urban areas and because cities already play an active role in climate change becoming hot spots. Urban areas can and must become areas of electricity production, or at least in equilibrium between consumption and production, rather than just being consumers. A rapid historical excursus is made on the concept of quality of life applied to the structure and function of the city up to the paradigm, still current, between ecological complexity and pure function that goes beyond the population's well-being. Urban areas have developed mainly pursuing commercial and industrial interests. In the immediate future, they will have to develop pursuing environmental, energy, and human interests. The problem of intervening in pre-existing urban fabrics and the historic centers of European cities is analyzed. Two approaches that can coexist were analyzed: Renewable Energy Communities and Near Zero Emission Buildings. Transforming all buildings in the consolidated city into NZEBs is neither feasible nor sustainable, and the goal of transforming cities into electricity producers risks failing. Energy communities can help solve the problem by building medium and large power photovoltaic systems on public buildings or areas such as car parks and roads. Finally, the study outlines some interventions considered essential for solving the energy problem in urban areas and its impact on the community system.


A cryocooler-cooled superconducting undulator (SCU0) has been operating in the Advanced Photon Source (APS) storage ring since January of 2013. Based on lessons learned from the construction and operation of SCU0, a second superconducting undulator (SCU1) has been built and cold tested stand-alone. An excess cooling capacity measurement and static heat load analysis show a large improvement of cryogenic performance of SCU1 compared with SCU0. ANSYS-based thermal analysis of these cryomodules incorporating all the cooling circuits was completed. Comparisons between measured and calculated temperatures at the three operating conditions of the cryomodule (static, beam heat only, beam heat and magnet current) will be presented.


Threedimensional nonlinear analysis of the orifice of high arch dam is presented using submodelling techniques. The structural characteristics and failure mechanism of the orifice under loading of concrete deadweight, internal water pressure and temperature are studied. It is shown that the problem of meshing is solved and computing time reduced by using submodel method.


A specimen of Cottonmouth jack Uraspis secunda (Poey, 1860) was recorded for the first time from the coast of Senegal. The specimen was immature measuring 118 mm for total length and 19.2 g for total body weight. In this note, the authors present a short description of one specimen and its main morphometric measurements and meristic characters. The distribution of U. secunda in its new area of capture is commented and discussed, together with its close relative species U. helvola (Forster, 1801).


Transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is primarily attributed to percutaneous exposure to infected blood. Methods to prevent percutaneous transmission are well defined and clear counselling messages exist to reduce person-to-person transmission of virus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1998). While studies suggest that sexual transmission of HCV occurs infrequently, few studies thoroughly investigated sexual risk factors and potential confounding transmission modes within the household (Alter et al., 1989; Tahan et al., 2005; Vandelli et al., 2004; Piazza et al., 1997; Gordon et al., 1992; Osmond et al., 1993). These ambiguities hampered development of clear counselling messages for sexual practices among HCV-infected persons.

To obtain more quantitative information on sexual transmission risk for the most common sexual partnerships among infected persons, the HCV Partners Study studied monogamous, heterosexual couples in long-term relationships (≥36 months), without confounding exposures such as viral coinfection (HIV or HBV) or both partners having a history of injection drug use (Osmond et al., 2013). Among 500 couples and 8377 person-years of sexual contact, the HCV Partners Study found a low prevalence of HCV infection among partners, with a maximum of 1.2% (95% CI: 0.2%–2.2%) of infections potentially attributable to sexual contact. The maximal incidence of HCV infection was 7.2 per 10,000 person-years (95% CI: 1.3–13.0), and maximal risk per sexual contact was 1 per 380,000 (95% CI: 1/600,000–1/280,000). These estimates were similar to or lower than previously reported rates for both prevalences (2.0%–10.3%) (Tahan et al., 2005; Vandelli et al., 2004; Stroffolini et al., 2001) and incidence (0.0–23.3 per 10,000 person-years) (Vandelli et al., 2004; Marincovich et al., 2003; Kao et al., 2000). Overall, available data indicate that HCV transmission by sex is reassuringly low, and the HCV Partners Study provides the numerical context to counsel HCV-infected persons in monogamous partnerships.

Several study design components warrant emphasis. First, since HCV acquisition via injection drug use is common and efficient, couples with both partners having a history of injection drug use were excluded, as characterising an independent contribution of sexual activity to HCV transmission would be difficult in these couples. Additionally, the HCV Partners Study uniquely quantified sexual activities during the relationship, collected household risk factors for transmission and implemented a multi-step process to identify HCV concordance among infected couples. To quantify sexual risk factors, independent interviews with each partner captured the details of within couple sexual histories in self-defined intervals marked by life events that altered patterns of sex contact (pregnancy, illness, periods of absence). The frequency and type of sexual contact and protective barrier use were quantified within each interval, allowing us to calculate monthly contact rates by sexual practice throughout the relationship. For vaginal intercourse, couples reported a median of 12 contacts per month, with 83% of couples not reporting frequent condom use. After adjusting for condom use, couples reported >1 million sexual contacts (vaginal and anal), of which 35,000 were vaginal during menses and 8000 anal intercourse.

The HCV Partners Study also addressed whether specific sexual practices increased HCV transmission risk. Anal sex, with the possibility of mucosal trauma as a portal of entry for HCV, or vaginal sex during menses may present a higher likelihood of HCV transmission, although it must be acknowledged that in prior studies of populations engaged in higher risk sexual activity (e.g. HIV-uninfected men who have sex with men), no association between type of sexual activity and HCV positivity was noted (Russell et al., 2009; McMahon et al., 2007; Thomas et al., 1995; Alary et al., 2005). The HCV Partners Study assessed median contacts per month for vaginal intercourse during menses (0, range 0–10), anal intercourse (0, range 0–20) and oral sex (3, range 0–100) with these practices reported by 65%, 30% and >90% of couples, respectively. The proportion of HCV-concordant couples compared to those with one uninfected partner engaging in riskier sexual activities was numerically but not statistically higher: vaginal intercourse during menses (100% and 66%, p = 0.55), anal intercourse (67% and 30%, p = 0.22) and lack of condom use (100% and 70%, p = 0.56). While the number of transmission events in the HCV Partners Study may be too low to conclusively exclude an association with specific sex practices, the counter-argument, given the very low estimated overall transmission risk among monogamous couples, is that any risk for infection from engaging in specific 'high-risk' practices would also be extremely low.

While the HCV Partners Study provides much-needed reassurance for the millions living with HCV and in long-term partnerships, these results do not apply to all patient populations. Particularly, HIV-infected men who have sex with men represent a different demographic and recent publications emphasise the role of sex in HCV transmission (Rauch et al., 2005; Jin et al., 2010; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011; Witt et al., 2013; Urbanus et al., 2009; Wandeler et al., 2012). This represents a different clinical scenario with other factors (specifically, concurrent HIV infection) that are likely to be important.

Household exposures from sharing blood-contaminated objects (nail clippers, razors, toothbrushes and glass syringes for medication administration) provide a plausible alternative route for HCV transmission among partners that may be erroneously ascribed to sex contact (Stroffolini et al., 2001; Russell et al., 2009). The HCV Partners Study carefully evaluated household practices to account for potential non-sexual HCV transmission. Although partners frequently shared personal grooming items, we found no association between sharing these items and HCV concordance among couples.

In all studies evaluating transmission events, confirming a common source of HCV infection through detailed virological analysis is essential. For sexual transmission to be plausible, partners must be infected with closely related viral quasispecies. All viraemic couples underwent HCV genotyping and concordant couples had population sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to confirm the degree of relatedness. The detailed phylogenetic analyses provide the strongest evidence to include or exclude sex as a potential transmission mode. However, among 12 HCV genotype/serotype concordant (or indeterminant) couples, 50% were HCV RNA negative. This relatively high rate of spontaneous clearance may be related to exposure at younger ages, as reported in other study populations (Kenny-Walsh, 1999; Posthouwer et al., 2006). Alternatively, one may speculate that the high rate of spontaneous clearance may be related to the mucosal route of exposure and limited HCV inocula with sexual contact. For couples with one partner clearing HCV infection, viral relatedness cannot be assessed. We addressed this limitation by calculating a maximal transmission rate assuming that antibody-positive, non-viraemic partners were infected from a common source. Thus we provided two HCV transmission rates (1) a minimum rate classifying only phylogenetically confirmed couples as transmitting HCV and (2) a maximum rate classifying all antibody-positive couples as transmitting HCV.

In conclusion, HCV transmission by sex in monogamous heterosexual couples is a rare event and data have yet to suggest risk increases with specific sexual practices. Our results provide a basis for specific counselling messages that clinicians can use with their patients, and while there are no evidence-based recommendations regarding use of condoms during vaginal intercourse or with specific sex practices such as anal sex or sex during menses, we believe that counselling messages should be individualised, including consideration of condom use to further reduce the already extremely low risk of sexual HCV transmission to zero.


This paper presents a wide bandwidth fully integrated CMOS power amplifier (PA) suitable for pulse-mode operation. The CMOS PA was implemented in a 90-nm process with core size of 1 mm2. A pulse-modulated polar transmitter for LTE femtocell applications was constructed with this switching CMOS PA using the aliasing-free digital pulse-width modulation technique. With conventional memoryless digital predistortion, the polar transmitter achieved 23.5% efficiency and 19.5-dBm output power at 2.4 GHz. Moreover, the proposed transmitter can also pass the -45-dBc ACLR requirement over a wide frequency range from the first channel in downlink band-1 to the last channel in downlink band-7 for LTE home femtocell base stations.


The positive effects of green care on human health are well acknowledged. As one of the green care types, care farming is novel practice, which combines agricultural production and providing care to people with different types of disabilities. In South Korea, care farming is relatively new. Initiatives have been taken by innovative farmers and social workers. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the current status of care farming in South Korea and suggestions for further development of the field. The characteristics of care farming, and the experiences and perceived challenges of care farmers in South Korea were studied through 10 semistructured interviews. The majority of South Korean care farm users are people with intellectual disabilities. Financial problems are one of the crucial challenges threatening the sustenance of care farming. Care farming in South Korea lacks a clear orientation and description. Respondents indicated that proper regulations and agreements on the focus of care farming would significantly contribute to the development of care farming. The successful development of horticultural therapy in South Korea can serve as an inspiration.


This work studies the use of olive oil mill waste ( OMW ) treated as subcritical or supercritical water to produce both, a biofuel by liquefaction and a gas fuel by gasification. The increasing amount of OMW , both liquid and solid, is becoming a serious environmental problem. This wastewater is highly resistant to biodegradation and contains a wide variety of compounds such as polyphenols, polyoils, organic acids, etc, that require depuration treatments to remove the odour and pollutant load before being discharged. This work studies both, liquefaction and gasification of OMW streams in subcritical and supercritical water in different batch reactors at temperatures between 200 and 530 ÂoC and pressures between 150 and 250 bar. This study also tests the effectiveness of various types of homogeneous (KOH 0.01 g/g sample dry ) and heterogeneous catalysts (TiO 2 , V 2 O 5 and Au-Pd 0.1-0.5 g/g sample dry ) for supercritical water gasification (SCWG) and studied the way they affect biomass conversion yields. It also covers the effect that the use of different organic compound concentrations (23, 35, and 80 g O 2 /l of chemical oxygen demand concentration (COD)) and compositions (mixtures of solid and liquid OMW ) has on energy production results. A maximum of 82% oil yield was obtained from the hydrothermal liquefaction of OMW under optimum conditions (330 ÂoC, 150 bar, 23 g O 2 /l as initial concentration and 30 minutes reaction time). Meanwhile, a yield of 88.6 mol H 2 /kg OMW dry was obtained when Au-Pd was used as a catalyst for the gasification of OMW supercritical water.


Epicotyls, having at least one internode and with their bottom leaves removed and hypocotyls with cotyledons, isolated from in vitro 30-day-old seedlings were used as explants. For induction of axillary shoot formation, the explants were cultivated on WPM and MS media supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0 mg l TDZ plus 0.1 mg l IBA. The highest multiplication rate was found after cultivation for 8 weeks on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l TDZ plus 0.1 mg l IBA. Also, in comparison with epicotyls, the multiplication rate of hypocotyls was lower (9.36 ± 1.94 and 4.12 ± 0.98, resp.). However, opposite tendency was found for the length of shoots. It was significantly higher in shoots, originated from hypocotyls on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l TDZ plus 0.1 mg l IBA (15.04 ± 2.58 mm). Adventitious roots formation was studied on half-strength WPM, supplemented with 2.5 mg l IBA plus 2.5 mg l NAA. After 24, 48 or 72 h on this inductive medium, the shoots were transferred on half-strength, auxin-free WPM (expressive medium). The highest rate of rooting (73.33 ± 3.33%) was achieved on an inductive medium applied for 24 h, and then transferred to an expressive medium.


Every spring for the last three years the Museum of Anthropology (MOA) at Wake Forest University (WFU) has sponsored Boy Scout Day as one of several family oriented Saturday activity sessions. Most of the "Family Days" are exhibit related, providing active extensions to museum designed and community advised thematic presentations. Boy Scout Day is a different phenomenon, designed in part to add "authenticity" to the decades old practice of young boys dressing up as Indians in order to earn proficiency badges. With up to 200 Scouts and their leaders in attendance, the activity has had mixed reception among the principals involved. Boy Scouts love throwing atlatls, learning to flint knap and hearing Native American stories. Anthropology faculty members are skeptical, wondering about the implications of the continued Scout-Indian relationship. Local Native American groups have had an increasing presence, first as vendors, and then as advisors and participants. But has this taken us past a 1950s-era popular n...


If f is a p–th integrable function on the circle group and ω(p; f; δ) is its mean modulus of continuity with exponent p then an extended version of the classical theorem of Jackson states the for each positive integer n, there exists a trigonometric polynomial tn of degree at most n for which ‖f-tn‖p ≤(p; f; 1/n). In this paper it will be shewn that for G a Hausdorff locally compact abelian group, the algebra L1(G) admits a certain bounded positive approximate unit which, in turn, will be used to prove an analogue of the above result for Lp(G).


The invention discloses a multiple exposure method and a camera shooting device. The multiple exposure method includes the steps of obtaining a background image and a comparison image, comparing the background image with the comparison image, recognizing a shot subject from the comparison image and compounding the recognized shot subject into the background image, wherein the image of the shot subject is added to the background image to form the comparison image. Due to the fact that the shot subject is compounded into the background image and compounding is not conducted through a method of adding the whole comparison image to the background image according to a certain proportion, the shot subject can has fidelity and be displayed in a highlighted mode in the final compounded image, and the camera shooting effect of multiple exposure is improved.


90 Background: Increasingly, oncology teams and specialty palliative care (PC) clinicians are collaborating in the care of patients with serious or advanced cancer. Because of such partnerships, PC services have grown tremendously, with teams now available in most US cancer centers. Despite increased penetrance of services, little is known about the workforce that delivers this care, including their demographics, training, and future plans.

METHODS
Members of the American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine (e.g. advanced practice provider (APP), registered nurses, chaplains) completed a workforce characteristics survey through electronic invitation in the second half of 2013; respondents were recruited via e-mail, blog and Facebook posts, and Twitter tweets. Descriptive statistics were calculated.

RESULTS
1,241 clinicians responded, representing approximately a third of those who received the survey; 68% were physicians and 14% were APPs. Most (56%) were older than 50 years of age; 65% were female. Of physicians, 58% were board-certified through the experiential track, while 22% had completed fellowship training. Of clinical responsibilities, about half (48%) split time between consultative PC and hospice; 30% performed PC consultations only. Regarding organization size, 35% work with 1-3 other colleagues; 8% work alone. Regarding tenure, 34% have worked in PC for <5 years; 22% for >10 years. 82% reported they would become a PC clinician again, if asked to revisit their career choice. Of motivations for joining clinical PC, leading reasons were "opportunity for personal growth" and "influential experience during practicing another specialty". About half (47%) intend to leave the field within 10 years. Of reasons to leave, 49% will retire; 24% may leave due to burnout; and 20% reported dissatisfaction with practice.

CONCLUSIONS
The specialty PC workforce is diverse and faces sustainability challenges due to advancing physician age, impending retirements, evolving burnout, and dissatisfaction with the profession. If patients are going to have adequate access to services, research and approaches are needed to develop solutions that sustain and grow specialty PC.


Introduction: There is pooling and evolving literature on the neurological and psychological features of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2. Individuals treated for COVID may have persisting (long-haulers) and delayed onset of these symptoms. Focus has now shifted to the late sequelae of COVID infection, especially during the second wave of the pandemic. These post-COVID conditions vary in their presentation. Systematic approach is required to identify and quantify these late sequelae observed in COVID survivors. Aim: This study is set to evaluate the neuropsychiatric manifestations of post-COVID status patients consulting psychiatric and medicine outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods: The current study enrolled patients with post-COVID status visiting psychiatric/medicine outpatient clinics for neuropsychiatric symptoms which were persisting since their COVID infection or new-onset symptoms developing within 1 month of COVID infection. Psychiatric disorder is based on International Classification of Diseases 10 criteria while physician diagnosed the medical/neurological disorders. Results: A total of 60 patients visiting psychiatry outpatient clinic and 46 patients consulting medicine outpatient department were enrolled in the study. Majority had onset of psychiatric symptoms 15 days after being tested positive for COVID infection. Anxiety disorders, depression, adjustment disorders were the major psychiatric diagnosis. Fatigue and myalgia were the predominant neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms were more prevalent in patients aged above 50 years with preexisting medical conditions and those hospitalized for COVID infection. Conclusion: Both psychiatric and neurological complications are evident as late manifestations of COVID infection. There is a need for longitudinal follow-up studies with control groups to assess post-COVID conditions. A better understanding of the post-COVID conditions and the factors that increase the proneness of an individual to these complications is essential. This knowledge will be beneficial in dealing with similar SARS infections in future.


IN 1919 THE FIRST standardized group musical aptitude test, the Seashore Measures of Musical Talent} was published. This battery, in its latest revised form (Seashore, 1960), is comprised of six subtests which measure basic auditory sensory discrimination. According to the test author (Seashore, 1938), "everything that is rendered as music or heard as music may be expressed in terms of the concepts of the sound wave." Pitch, Loudness, Rhythm, Time, Timbre} and Tonal Memory are tested by requiring subjects to compare a pair or short series of tones which are produced on a beat-frequency oscillator (except on the Tonal Memory subtest). Because these subtests are supposedly void of the interaction of melody, rhythm, and musical expression, music psychologists (Mursell, 1937) have described and condemned the battery as being "atomistic" and unmusically-oriented. Specifically, the "omnibus" group, antagonists of the Seashore approach, believe that musicality consists of more than just the ability to discriminate audio-acoustical differences in the sound wave. Further, these music psychologists, many of whom are European (Lowery, 1940; and Mainwaring, 1947), argue that musical aptitude is not compnsed of separate abilities, but rather, that it is one general ability. They contend that a musical instrument should be used as the medium for stating music test items and that the content of each item should, in and of itself, have "musical meaning." The comparatively new Musical Aptitude Profile (Gordon, 1965) has been described as an eclectic test because both preference and nonpreference subtests constitute the test battery and also because, while the content of the test items is musical and is performed by professional musicians, the battery does, nevertheless, provide for the evaluation of seven postulated dimensions of musical aptitude. The musical dimensions measured by this standardized group test are classiSed into three main divisions: Tonal Imagery, Rhythm Imagery, and Musical Sensitivity. Two separate subtests are provided for each of the nonpreference tests: Melody and Harmony for Tonal Imagery, and Tempo and Meter for


The polarization of ultrafast terahertz pulses generated in a laser induced plasma can be controlled by the relative phase of the fundamental and the second harmonic optical fields.


With social transformation and the disparity between the rich and the poor in China,social vulnerable group's problem is aggravating now.At present,the predominant causes and characters of unemployment are dual economic structure and institutional transition.Social vulnerable group shows its courage of confronting conflicts relative to it and the actual efforts which it has done to solve the problems.These improve the living condition of social vulnerable group to some extent.Psychological adjustment of social vulnerable group relies on a rational analysis on the disparity between the rich and the poor in China and psychological regulation against unemployment under the background of social transformation.


N-heterocyclic carbenes have been successfully used as ligands in organometallic catalysis, and also as organocatalysts in different reactions. A series of novel chiral unsymmetrical imidazolinium salts which are precursors of N-heterocylic carbenes were synthesised effectively from the relatively inexpensive amino acid L-phenylalanine in six steps. These chiral unsymmetrical imidazolinium bromides were fully characterised by NMR and elemental analysis, and their specific rotations were obtained.


This paper presents a method for the design of low-cost field programmable gate array (FPGA) based finite duration impulse response (FIR) digital filters. A discrete Lagrangian local search is used to minimize the hardware cost (the total number of required FPGA logic elements) subject to constraints on the passband to stopband energy ratio (PSR) and on the maximum passband and stopband ripple. Previous discrete Lagrangian local search methods do not produce minimum hardware cost designs and may not even converge on a solution for this design problem.


Epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR‐TKI) therapy is the standard treatment for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring common EGFR mutations, such as exon 19 deletion or L858 point mutation. However, the effectiveness of EGFR‐TKIs for patients with uncommon EGFR mutations remains unclear.


This paper constructed the enterprise technological innovation process model based on the chain model proposed by Kline and Rosenberg,and used factor analytic to establish the enterprise technological innovation ability mode based on the process under network environment.Taking the empirical study of technological innovation ability in Shanxi as an example,this paper also used triangle fuzzy importance and the degree of contribution to propose innovation ability assessment of technological innovation ability.


'E-Learning exploits interactive technologies and communication systems to improve the learning experience.  It has the potential to transform the way we teach and learn across the board.  It can raise standards, and widen participation in lifelong learning.  It cannot replace teachers and lecturers, but alongside existing methods it can enhance the quality and reach of their teaching, and reduce the time spent on administration.  It can enable every learner to achieve his or her potential, and help to build an educational workforce empowered to change.  It makes possible a truly ambitious education system for a future learning society.  An effective e-learning model should include strategies to engage learners, facilitate learning and teaching, provide opportunities to evaluate learners' performance, be user-friendly, and benefit the organization using it.   The 4-Tier e-learning model brings more flexibility, which can be utilized for instructional design and program management.  This model can be use to create successful and functional e-learning programs. Due to the complexity of implementing e-learning, it is essential to develop a well-organized project management plan and be flexible to any changes and improvements needed.  The purpose of this paper is to discuss how a 4-layer e-learning model which can effectively be used for a higher education institution and how to manage a successful quality    e-learning project.  This model may be combined with other e-learning models in some phases to achieve positive outcomes.


Background and Objectives:Conventional studies of the middle ear ossicles give relatively limited information on shape, mechanical strength and 3-dimensional relationship. Recently, Micro CT scanning technology has been applied to analysis of skeletal structures. This study aims to reconstruct the 3-dimensional structure of the ossicles, including length, thickness, strength, and the angle. Materials and Method:The structures of ossicles obtained from 3 cadavers were analyzed through micro CT by filming the 2-dimensional cross section image running perpendicular to the long axis of the ossicles. The 3-dimensional images were thereby reconstructed for each, and were analyzed using CT- and . Based on the results, the strength, length, and angle of each ossicle were measured. Results:The ratio between the handle of malleus (4.413 mm) and the long process of incus (3.559 mm), which acts as a lever of the middle ear impedance transformer, was 1.24. The volume fraction, indicating relative strengths of ossicles, was higher in the portion close to the articular surface. Conclusion:Our preliminary data of the ossicular structure analysed by micro CT scan will be helpful for the elucidation of ossicle' structure and the further development of artificial prosthesis


This article presents Jesus' polemics with the Pharisees concerning the rules of conduct with regards to publicans and sinners (cf. Matthew 9 : 9–13) and the dispute related to celebration of the Sabbath (cf. Mt 12 : 1–8). In both cases, Jesus resolves using the following principle: "I want mercy, not sacrifice" (LXX Ho 6 : 6). In light of this verse, Jesus tries to demonstrate to his opponents that the basic standard reference terms towards those rejected by society and those in need is mercy. The Pharisees' isolating and pitiless tradition is of merely human origin and does not correspond with the plan of God. That tradition is opposed to mercy, which belongs to the essence of God (cf. Ex 34 : 6).


David L. Drabkin's book [1] is a labor of love. It is dedicated to his late wife Stella Drabkin, an artist. He was the first to crystallize human hemoglobin. The bulk of his book consists of 51 beautiful photographic prints, six in color, of hemoglobin crystals from various sources, photographed under various conditions, in various magnifications and polarizations, some in positive, others in negative prints. The architect Norman N. Rice provides the Foreword, which was to have been written by the late Louis J. Kahn, architect and long-time friend of the Drabkins. Drabkin provides the Introduction, describing a Happening consisting of his photographs at the Philadelphia Art Alliance in 1958 entitled 'Prelude, Performance and Aftermath'. Both the Foreword and the Introduction are addressed to the differences and analogies between scientific and artistic activity. Crystals, whether as minerals, as snow crystals or as hemoglobin, have long struck people by their beauty. Some have said they are forms of art. But they are not, for art involves at least a human decision. The orderliness and symmetry of crystals appeal not only to the intellect but also to the aesthetic sense. Undoubtedly, this appreciation of and search for order underline creative activity in both science and art. Cyril Stanley Smith is fond of pointing out that snow crystals are invariably depicted as symmetrical, whereas in point of fact they rarely are. The book under discussion clearly and lucidly refutes the fallacy of considering nature's objects, visual aspects, sounds, etc. as art per se. What we have in the book are examples of artful still-life photography, the images being of a scale not visible to the unassisted eye. To produce them, the human decision process was involved in the selection of light polarization and special printing techniques and in the use of composites and special juxtapositions. Drabkin finds an appreciative critique comparing one of his plates of the monoclinic 'horse-type' twins to a nonfigurative work by Moholy-Nagy unacceptable. However, books like this will inevitably blur the distinction between so-called figurative and nonfigurative or abstract art. By now artists accept the reality of these crystals, and their visual impact is bound to affect painters and sculptors. It is reasonable to assume that an aerial view of his native Holland and skyscraper skeletons influenced some of Piet Mondrian's so-called abstract paintings. It is known from his early series of tree studies


To alleviate the security concerns caused by the openness of the edge computing network and meet the time-sensitive requirements of the edge devices' collaborative tasks, an effective trust evaluation mechanism is needed urgently to resist multi-attacks from various malicious devices. In this work, a light- weight trust mechanism based on multi-source feedback is proposed for edge computing. First, we design a light-weight data-processing algorithm executed in edge brokers and edge devices, which could reduce the data transmission pressure in communication networks effectively and work efficiently in large-scale edge networks. Then, a comprehensive evaluation method is designed for edge brokers based on the Dempster Shafer theory and multi-source feedback mechanism, which makes our mechanism more reliable and pluralistic when resisting various multi-attacks at the same time. At last, we originally develop a neural network in the centralized cloud to update edge brokers' hyper- parameters and weights of the key factors by auditing trust evaluation results uploaded from the edge network according to deep Q-learning algorithm, which are usually weighted manually and subjectively in traditional schemes. The experimental results show the proposed trust mechanism outperforms existing methods in reliability and calculation efficiency when resisting various malicious attacks.


This abstract discusses the issue of "Linguistica Aplicada, inclusion social y aprendizaje de espanol en contexto latinoamericano" written byMarcia Paraquett and reflects on the didactic activity in Brazil.


We discuss how an experience centred approach to robotic design might lead to new design spaces and products that are more engaging and better meet users' needs and lifestyles. To support the statement, we present preliminary data from a long-term user study on an eating aid robot.


Abstract Energy development can be understood to a large extent as a process of "creating disasters." Although this type of typical "man-made disaster" can be predictable, the study of this paper on the related conditions in Shanxi Province shows that because of the intertwining of complex systemic political, economic, and social defects, the power for creating disasters became huge. The land of Shanxi was thus dismembered in a "shocking" way. At the same time, since it is difficult to develop an effective response, the disaster came to be remade over and over again, expanding the affected areas and the affected numbers of people. Redress for the rural residents who lost their means of survival is nowhere in sight. The "crisis of governance" has come to mean in effect a crisis of survival. How to eliminate such a crisis becomes thus an exceptionally urgent problem. (This article is in Chinese.) 摘要 能源开发在很大程度上可以理解为 "造灾" 的过程。尽管这种典型的 "人祸" 具有可预见性, 但是本文通过对山西省的相关状况的考察表明, 由于复杂的政治、经济和社会体制的诸多缺陷交织到一起, 使得造灾的动力巨大, 从而将山西的大地肢解得 "触目惊心、 山河破碎"。同时由于有效的救灾机制难以形成, 导致灾害不断地扩大再生产, 受害区域和人数增加。而当对那些丧失了生存基础的农村居民的救助遥遥无期, "治理危机" 实质上意味着生存危机, 如何消除这种危机成为异常紧迫的问题。


In this paper, we present a non-Bayesian model of learning over a social network where a group of agents with insufficient and heterogeneous sources of information share their experiences to learn an underlying state of the world. Inspired by a recent body of research in cognitive science on human decision making, we presume two behavioral assumptions. Motivated by the coarseness of communication, our first assumption posits that agents only share samples taken from their belief distribution over the set of states, to which we refer as their actions.This situation is to be contrasted with that of sharing the full belief, i.e. probability distribution over the entire set of states. The second assumption is limited cognitive power, based on which individuals incorporate their neighbors' actions into their beliefs following a simple DeGroot-like social learning rule which suffers from redundancy neglect and imperfect recall of the past history. We show that so long as all the individuals trust their neighbors' actions more than their private signals, they may end up mislearning the state with positive probability. Learning, on the other hand, requires that the population includes a group of self-confident experts in different states. This means that for each state, there is an agent whose signaling function for her state of expertise is distinguishable from the convex hull of the remaining signaling functions, and that her private signals sufficiently weigh in her social learning rule.


We have proposed a FX correlator system for an enhanced ALMA. Maximum bandwidth per IF is 4096MHz and spectral resolving points per antenna per IF is 128 x 1024. The number of correlation is 3160 for 80 antennas per IF and the number of output frequency bins for each correlation is 16 x 1024. We will prepare 4 sets of this correlator for 4 IF bands. This FX correlator system always realizes both high spectral-resolution ( 1000km/s at 850GHz ) observations simultaneously for 4 IF bands up to 850GHz. Main changing point from the very large correlator system previously proposed is to apply flexible frequency-channel smoothing for the correlated data. It reduces the output frequency data from 128 x 1024 to 16 x 1024 per IF and eliminates the fear that the large amount of the frequency channels might increase the costs of post-detection computing and archiving. We estimate that the total cost of this FX correlator becomes half due to this change compared to the previously proposed one.


Rayleigh Wave is a new way of reconnaissance and check in untouched rock.It is utilizing properties of dispersed frequency and mutual properties of speeded speed and physics mechanics properties of rock that may to solve a great many problems of construction geology.This essay mainly discusses using Rayleigh Wave investigate way to check pressure extent of expressway roadbed,ability of restoring elasticity and thicken of road surface,And take some section of Beijing to Shanghai highway as the example,has related in detail the Rayleigh Wave way exploration technology implementation process,has made the reasonable appraisal for this section of highways roadbed quality.And also,in realistic work,it already obtains obvious efficiency.


The piece examines the tortured history of the judiciary in Kenya and concludes that various governments have deliberately robbed judges of judicial independence. As such, the judiciary has become part and parcel of the culture of impunity and corruption. This was particularly under the one party state, although nothing really changed with the introduction of a more open political system. The article argues that judicial subservience is one of the major reasons that state despotism continues to go unchallenged. It concludes by underlining the critical role that the judiciary has to play in a democratic polity.


enhance social learning, and more specifically, the design and development of effective social learning environments. This special issue of International Journal of Distance Education Technologies (IJDET) consists of extended and improved manuscripts that were selected and invited from the best papers presented at 2011 International Workshop on Technology-Enhanced Social Learning (TESL2011), which was held in conjunction with the 4th IEEE International Conference on Cyber, Physical, and Social Computing (CPSCom2011) during October 19-22, 2011 in Dalian, China. All submitted papers of this special issue were double blind peer-reviewed in two rounds, each by at least two reviewers. After the careful reviewing process, five papers have been accepted and published in this special issue. As the guest editors, we believe that this special issue offers a snapshot of current understanding and advancement of how new technologies enhance social learning. i


Abstract Background Anaemia is frequent in patients with cardiovascular disease and is significantly associated with poor prognosis. However, the prognostic significance of anaemia in hypertensive crisis remains unknown. We conducted this study to determine whether anaemia is a risk factor for all-cause mortality in patients with hypertensive crisis visiting the emergency department (ED). Methods This retrospective study included patients who visited the ED between 2016 and 2019 for hypertensive crisis, which was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥110 mmHg. A total of 5,512 patients whose serum haemoglobin levels were checked were included in this study and were classified into three groups according to their serum haemoglobin levels at admission to the ED: moderate/severe anaemia (haemoglobin <11 g/dL), mild anaemia (haemoglobin 11 to <13 g/dL in men and 11 to <12 g/dL in women), and non-anaemia (haemoglobin ≥13 g/dL in men and ≥12 g/dL in women). Results Among 5,512 patients, 665 (12.1%) and 668 (12.1%) were classified into the moderate/severe anaemia and mild anaemia groups, respectively. The three-year all-cause mortality rates in the moderate/severe anaemia, mild anaemia, and non-anaemia groups were 46.0, 29.2, and 12.0%, respectively. After accounting for relevant covariates, patients with moderate/severe anaemia group (hazard ratio [HR], 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75–2.64) and mild anaemia group (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.07–1.63) had a higher risk of 3-year all-cause mortality than the non-anaemia group. Conclusion Anaemia is independently associated with 3-year all-cause mortality in patients with hypertensive crisis. A comprehensive therapeutic approach through more in-depth examination and close follow up are required for patients with hypertensive crisis with anaemia. KEY MESSAGES Anaemia is independently associated with 3-year all-cause mortality in patients with hypertensive crisis. A comprehensive therapeutic approach through more in-depth examination and close follow up are required for patients with hypertensive crisis with anaemia.


By using the methods of literature,questionnaire survey and fieldwork research,and the paper study the issue of the cultural development of physical fitness in western rural region.The results showed that the social development of western rural is lagging and the cultural of physical fitness level is low.So it is expected demand for the western rural residents to increase revenue,have more right to self-development,alleviate the burden,establish security system of rural society,increase health insurance and pensions,and carry out rich and colorful cultural and sports activities.To this end,the goverment should place the culture of western physical fitness in the path of economic development,implement aid system of policies and regulations,use powerful propaganda of the mass media,promote sports culture of minority in order to develop the culture of physical fitness in western rural areas.


The relative extinction of solar and infrared radiation by dry and clean air molecules, has been eatimated through a theoretical determination of the ratio referred ordinarily as the Greenhouse Parameter (GP). In a first approach, it was calculated assuming that terrestrial air only conaists of a simple mixture of oxygen and nitrogen. The method used here is based on the application, in an inverse procedure, of an homogeneous, plane-parallel, and time-independent grey model, which employs the Eddington approximation as a solution to the radiative transfer equation, both in the solar and the infrared spectral regions and, which has the GP value as an input free parameter. The best value of the GP was estimated calibrating the local temperature profile for four types oí. uniform surface (anow, desert, vegetation and ocean), with average albedos known in these spectral regiona, adopting air surface temperature values which were chosen for an assumed micro or local climatological environment according to an average radiative criterion. With this result, it was possible for an estimation of the infrared opacity for the air layer implicated in this model and al.so the mean extinction coefficient in this spectral range to be calculated. The resulta predicted are compared with resulta obtained indirectly from the data provided by other authors. Although its validation is constrained solely to the radiative model applied it seems that the value of the GP obtained ia more accurate than the one initially available. *Present address: University of Essex. Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Chemistry. Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex C04 3SQ, England. U. K.


The middle school library not only has the general library general character but also has its own characteristic.It plays an important role in the school patriotism edwcation for it has massive books and periodicals which cover the ancient and moderm peoriods.


Telemedicine application mostly takes place in advance settlements, where important medical information is to be effectively secured and transmitted on public networks. Whilst the data is accessed by an illegitimate individual, it may lead to malicious attack or any modification of medical image can result in misdiagnosis. The notion of medical information storage in automated form arose immediate concerns about healthcare data security and privacy. The need to design a secure distributed system to provide adequate authentication of patient data and confidentiality of patient medical record becomes imminent. This paper addresses confidentiality issues of electronic health record (EHR) in clinic tele-diagnostic system using crystographic technique. The developed crystographic algorithm embraces discrete wavelet transform (DWT) steganography technique instead of the traditional least significant bit (LSB) technique thereby providing required data robustness, payload capacity and imperceptibility of patient data over tele-consultation in Tele-clinic diagnostic scenario. Results of quantitative performance evaluation of host medical image of the EHR system showed an encrypted imperceptible and robust stego image of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) greater than 40 db. Results of evaluation portray a system capable of providing countermeasures against eavesdropping attack in data communication networks in clinic tele-consultations.


Present invention relates in general to the increment processing of fat and oil to produce glycerol and the method for glycerol derivatives.More specifically, glycerol is changed into pyruvic alcohol by the method, then pyruvic alcohol is changed into propylene glycol to produce the propylene glycol with ultra-low volume ethylene glycol.Consequent propylene glycol can be used as antifreezing agent, deicing compound or anti-ice compound.


Most failures in electric power cables are attributed to the development of water trees inside the insulating materials. Thus, the development and utilization of Tree Retardant Cross-Linked Polyethylene (TR-XLPE) based cables have recently been given great attention to overcome the treeing issues. TR-XLPE cables use low-density polyethylene compounds suppressing the formation of water trees while retaining excellent electrical, physical, and processing attributes. This paper investigates and analyzes the impact of thermal stress on a 33kV three-core power cable with TR-XLPE and XLPE insulations in the presence of different types, shapes and sizes of voids. The results have been obtained after 500 hours of the accelerated aging test. The obtained results confirm the superiority of TR-XLPE over XLPE cables in terms of retaining higher volume resistivity. Results obtained from simulations conclude that TR-XLPE insulated cable retains 6% more dielectric strength when compared to XLPE insulated cable.


The georeference of any photogrammetric product is based on the reconstruction of the geometric relations of imaging in a chosen object coordinate system. For the handling of aerial photos traditionally the bundle of rays from the image points over the projection center to the ground points is modelled by means of the camera calibration information and the exterior orientation determined by means of control points. Today the time consuming ground survey of control points can be reduced by block adjustment or even more by combined block adjustment with projection center coordinates from relative kinematic GPS-positioning. It is also possible to avoid control points like the measurement of image coordinates of tie points by direct sensor orientation with a combination of GPS and an inertial measurement unit (IMU).


All great churches forcefully emphasize the significance of universal love for men, but religious hostility often arises in realistic life. A comparison of the view of universal love between Buddhism and Christianity shows one of the essential reasons for this paradoxical phenomenon lies in the fact that some churches teach their followers to hate followers of other churches in their spiritual life so as to defend the sole superiority of their beliefs. To thoroughly get rid of this phenomenon, every church should eradicate its exclusive theologic tendency and base its doctrine on inclusive humanism.


Dark defects related to degradation in GaAlAs visible lasers were investigated by using an electron beam induced current mode of a SEM. Two new modes of defects, dark regions and <100> dark lines, were observed bordering the edge of the stripe regions. These defects are related to a device structure and the crystallization of epitaxial wafers.


Random vortex methods are Lagrangian particle-based numerical simulation schemes especially appropriate for Wind Engineering simulations. Vortex methods do not suffer from numerical diffusion and hence can model flows characterized by high Reynolds numbers. Their grid-free nature makes them also attractive for complex geometries where the adaptive mesh generation needed in grid-based simulations can be avoided. In this paper, we briefly describe random vortex methods and show some early results from a two dimensional implementation.


PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine if a digital photograph obtained by a staff nurse in the acute care setting could be used to determine staging and wound characteristics of a pressure ulcer when viewed by a panel of wound experts as compared to a bedside assessment by a wound expert. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: One hundred digital photographs of pressure ulcers were obtained from 69 patients on general and critical care medical-surgical nursing units from 2 Magnet-designated hospitals belonging to a large Mid-Atlantic health care system. Four certified wound ostomy nurses (CWONs), 2 at each hospital site, identified patients with a pressure ulcer for bedside assessment and digital photography. METHODS: This multisite nonexperimental study compared bedside assessment of wound characteristics and staging of 100 pressure ulcers by the hospital CWON to assessment of the same wound by an expert panel of 3 CWONs via digital photography. This study examined 13 wound characteristics and a total score on the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT) as well as the staging of a pressure ulcer using the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel definitions. A nonprobability sampling plan used a convenience sample of 69 adult inpatients at the 2 hospitals to obtain photographs of 100 pressure ulcers. INSTRUMENT: The BWAT, formerly the Pressure Sore Status Tool, was used by the bedside and expert panelists to assess the pressure ulcer characteristics. This tool assesses 13 wound characteristics from best to worst, using a modified Likert scale. Studies examining reliability and validity of the BWAT support it as an effective instrument. RESULTS: Interrater reliability among the hospital CWONs using bedside assessment and panelist CWONs using digital photography assessment for the BWAT 13 characteristics ranged from slight to fair agreement for skin color surrounding wound (&kgr; range = 0.12–0.21, P ⩽ .02) to fair to moderate agreement for necrotic tissue type (&kgr; range = 0.37–0.60, P = .000). Only slight agreement for total BWAT score was found among on-site bedside CWONs and off-site expert panelist CWONs (&kgr; range = 0.01–0.05, P ⩽ .05). Results of the interrater analysis for staging of pressure ulcers had fair to moderate agreement (&kgr; range = 0.39–0.58 (P = .000). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate that a digital photograph alone cannot reliably convey the characteristics of a pressure ulcer. A digital photo, in combination with clinical information, may increase the accuracy of the assessment and documentation. Systems designed to provide digital photography wound measurements may improve consistency, along with the development of standardized education for examining digital photographs by wound experts.


We have measured the electrogyration effect in Sr(N03)2, Ba(N03)2, and Pb(N03)2 as a function of temperature and wavelength. Only Pb(N03)2 displays a slight temperature dependence. The optical transitions responsible for electrogyration are centred between the onset of absorption and the resonance determined by the dispersion of refractive indices. We suggest a latent chirality of Ο ~ -arrangements as the main source of the effect.


Due to the positive feedback and the time varying clock signal, the operating point of each transistor in dynamic comparators is time varying and cannot be analyzed using traditional Op-Amp-based small signal analysis. Until recently, a balanced method is proposed to effectively get the analytical models for random offset caused by variations in process parameters. Meanwhile, it has been shown that mismatches from parasitic capacitors are also significant contributors to overall offset. However, the energy storage and nonlinear feature of capacitor make it even more challenging to analytically predict the capacitive mismatch induced offset. In this work, the previous proposed balance method is generalized and applied to tackle the problem of capacitive mismatch induced offset. The analytical models are derived to explicitly show offsets caused by capacitor mismatch at different internal nodes. The insights are obtained on identifying the sensitive nodes to capacitor mismatch and on how to reduce the offset. The numerical example validates the effectiveness of the analytical models.


This paper summarises the results of a joint R+D project between university and industry. The study was developed at the Alt Penedes region, in Barcelona, during the 2006 and 2007 (on 3, 22, 69 fields respectively). The quality sensors set-up in year 2007, mounted on a New Holland SB55 grape harvester, were: two load cells, one refractometer, an ambient temperature prove and a GPS antenna, while in 2006 only the load cells and the GPS performed properly. The method used for this study is as follows: 1. Data recording from GPS and Logger (the latter is use for according and digitalising the sensor signal); 2. Wireless download of data to a PC; 3. Automatic data integration in a single file; 4. Lane automatic identification based on trajectory angles, machine forward speed determination, effective time calculation, masic flow, kg/m, and total amount harvested, kg/hopper, computation of characteristic soluble solid content and temperature during harvest; 5. Data broadcasting through GPRS to the winery; 6. Comparison of transmitted data with the invoice of the winery containers. After the season was finished, a data post processing was performed in order to a assess the causes of isolated incidences that were registered in 10 fields. Also a recalibration of the sensors for future seasons was performed. At current stage R 2 of 0.9547 is found between winery and in field yield data. Beside georeference data were gathered and compare to the remote photos in "Instituto Cartografico de Cataluna". Site-specific yield maps and speed maps have been computed while broad soluble solid information is not available due to slight dysfunctions of the grape juice pumping system towards to the refractometer.


Kalz, M., & Joy, A. (2012, 27 January). Orchestration of TEL proposals for the European Framework Program. Presentation given during Research Away Days of the University College Cork, Rosscarberry, Ireland: UCC.


A scale is presented to measure worker creative environment perceptions. The scale has good measurement properties, is brief enough for easy administration, and can be used on a wide range of garden variety creativity workers. Structural equation modeling testing of the underlying factor structure showed 3 significantly interrelated latent variables—creativity support, work characteristics, and creativity blocks. This finding indicated that managers should improve all aspects of their organizations' creative environment in order to maximize worker creative output.


1. Ilana Kahn, MD*

1. *Children's National Health System, George Washington University Medical School, Washington, DC

* Abbreviations:
 ADEM: : acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
 ADS: : acquired demyelinating syndrome
 AQP4: : aquaporin-4
 ATM: : acute transverse myelitis
 CNS: : central nervous system
 CSF: : cerebrospinal fluid
 IgG: : immunoglobulin G
 IVIg: : intravenous immunoglobulin
 MOG: : myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
 MRI: : magnetic resonance imaging
 MS: : multiple sclerosis
 NMO: : neuromyelitis optica
 NMOSD: : neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
 OCB: : oligoclonal band

Most pediatricians report lack of knowledge related to the understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of both acute disseminating encephalomyelitis and acute transvers myelitis. Pediatric providers should understand presenting symptoms, initial diagnostic testing, and acute treatment. Clinicians should know when to refer to a neurologist for evaluation of long-term treatment.

After completing this article, readers should be able to:

1. Define and characterize acquired demyelinating syndromes.

2. Identify the prevalence, etiology, and clinical presentations of acute disseminating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and acute transverse myelitis (ATM).

3. Initiate a diagnostic evaluation, including an evaluation for medical emergencies.

4. Make treatment decisions for acute management.

5. Counsel patients on long-term outcomes after ADEM and ATM.

6. Counsel patients on recurrence risks for multiphasic or chronic demyelinating diseases.

Acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADSs) encompass a group of immune-mediated disorders in which there is breakdown of the myelin sheath, the lipid-rich covering around the axon that increases conduction speed and metabolic efficiency of the neuron. ADSs are characterized by a sudden onset of new neurologic symptoms in concurrence with neuroimaging evidence of demyelination. Outcomes vary from full neurologic recovery to long-term severe disability. ADSs are characterized based on location and frequency of the demyelinating events. Location is either focal, limited to 1 specific location, or polyfocal, involving several areas of the central nervous system (CNS). Frequency is classified as monophasic or multiphasic, meaning either a single 1-time event or a recurrent, potentially chronic, disease. It is important to keep at the forefront of your mind, however, that over time what seems to be a monophasic event may, in fact, turn out to be the initial or first attack of a multiphasic disorder. (1) …


The storage protein profiles of the seeds of two IITA cowpea cultivars ('IT84E-124' and 'Vita 7') exposed to three mutagens - sodium azide (NaN 3 ), ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and 60 Co gamma rays - and those of 18 selected M 3 lines were investigated by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The total seed protein, globulin and albumin fractions showed differences in number and intensity of subunit bands, but the least differences were found in the albumin fraction. Both high and low molecular weight bands were observed, the highest being 94.5 kDa and the lowest 12.0 kDa. 'Vita 7' showed less variability compared with 'IT84E-124', as indicated by the relative similarity indices (S.I.) of the two cultivars. The lowest S.I. of 0.200 was found among 'IT84E-124' lines while the lowest S.I. among 'Vita 7' lines was 0.4706. A number of lines with particular traits were found to be characterized by the presence of specific polypeptide bands. This study demonstrates that induced mutation could create additional variability to supplement existing germplasm and that SDS-PAGE is a useful tool for discriminating and estimating genetic similarities among selections.


In the course of manufacturing and operation, there can appear cracks in load-carrying metal structures which are hard to be detected till a definite moment. That is why in the course of designing metal structures, it is necessary to ensure their durability during possible existence of cracks up to the next routine inspection of a structure. For the prognostication of the durability of a structure with a crack, a research of coefficients of stress intensity on end-element models with crack-like defects of different length is carried out. As a result of this, a procedure for the definition of crack-resistance resource allowing the supposition of safe operation of a metal structure with a crack within the limits of recurrent routine works is developed.


The RoboCup Rescue competition aims at boosting research in robots and infrastructure able to help in real rescue missions. The task is to find and report victims in areas of different grades of roughness, which are currently indoor. It challenges to some extreme the mobility of robot platforms as well as the autonomy of their control and sensor interpretation software. In the 2004 competition, the Kurt3D robot was introduced, the first participant capable of mapping its environment in 3D and self-localizing in all six degrees of freedom, i.e., x, y, z positions and roll, yaw and pitch angles. In 2005, we have upgraded the system with more sensors, with a focus on speeding up the algorithms, and we have started to develop a tracked robot platform to cooperate with Kurt3D. This paper gives an introduction to the competition in general and presents main contributions of our Deutschland1 RoboCup Rescue team.


The fragment K. 2784, published by Langdon in his OECT. vi, pi. xxii, belongs to the same tablet as K. 7593, which was edited by King, Babylonian Magic and Sorcery, No. 62. We now have, therefore, an almost complete text of the earlier part of a hymn to Ea, Shamash, and Marduk. I have to thank Dr. H. R. Hall and Mr. C. J. Gadd, of the British Museum, for permission to collate the reunited tablet, and Professor Langdon for his kindness in helping me with the interpretation of the text.


Under the impact of economic globalization and carrying-out of the West Region Development, cultural ecology protection has become an important issue for the economic development of the north-west ethnic regions. We should pay enough attention to the importance and urgency of cultural ecology protection. Only doing so, can we fulfill the harmonious development of cultural ecology and economy in these regions through rational utilization of local cultural resources.


Objective:To investigate the expression of Hedgehog(Hh) signaling in Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:The HCC tissue microarrays containing 44 cases of HCC tissues and corresponding adjacent-tumor liver tissues.The expression of Shh,Ihh,Ptch-1 and Gli-2,the pathway components,were detected by Immunohistochemistry and the correlation between their expression and the clinicopathohistology was analyzed.Results:The positive staining rates of Shh,Ptch-1 and Gli-2 in HCC tissues were 63.6%,45.5% and 68.2% respectively,which were higher than those in the adjacent-tumor tissues(P0.05).But the expressions difference of Ihh in two types tissues were not significant(P0.05).The expression differences of Gli-2 in HCC tissues with varied differentiated grades and with or without metabasis were significant(P0.05).Conclusion:Tissue chip is an effective parallel technique on tumor molecular pathology.The abnormal activity of Hedgehog signaling plays a crucial role in occurrence of HCC,and could be served as a potential therapeutic target.


We present an algorithm for tracking multiple objects through occlusions. Firstly, for each detected object we compute feature points using the FAST algorithm [1]. Secondly, for each feature point we build a descriptor based on the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) [2]. Thirdly, we track feature points using these descriptors. Object tracking is possible even if objects are occluded. If few objects are merged and detected as a single one, we assign each newly detected feature point in such single object to one of these occluded objects. We apply probabilistic methods for this task, using information from the previous frames like object size and motion (speed and orientation). We use multi resolution images to decrease the processing time. Our approach is tested on the synthetic video sequence, the KTH dataset [3] and the CAVIAR dataset [4]. All tests confirm the effectiveness of our approach.


The presenilin 1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 (PS2) proteins are necessary for proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) within its transmembrane domain. One of these cleavage events (termed γ-secretase) generates the C-terminal end of the Aβ-peptide by proteolysis near residue 710 or 712 of APP770. Another event (termed γ-like or ε-secretase cleavage) cleaves near residue 721 at ∼2–5 residues inside the cytoplasmic membrane boundary to generate a series of stable, C-terminal APP fragments. This latter cleavage is analogous to S3-cleavage of Notch. We report here that specific mutations in the N terminus, loop, or C terminus of PS1 all increase the production of Aβ42 but cause inhibition of both ε-secretase cleavage of APP and S3-cleavage of Notch. These data support the hypothesis that ε-cleavage of APP and S3-cleavage of Notch are similar events. They also argue that, although both the γ-site and the ε-site cleavage of APP are presenilin-dependent, they are likely to be independent catalytic events.


Disorders of attention are among the most prominent and consistent psychopathologic findings in schizophrenia.', Four lines of evidence suggest that opioid peptides may mediate disorders of attention in man: (1) pain perception is dependent upon endorphinergic neuronal mechanisms and is intimately associated with attention; (2) schizophrenics are relatively paid-insensitive; (3) opiates and opiate antagonists affect attentional performance; 3, and (4) schizophrenic thought disorders may be modified by opiates and their antagonists6 In examining the effects of opiate peptides on attention, we have also considered adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) . Since ACTH and j3-lipotropin (a precursor of B-endorphin) are synthesized in the large prohormone pro-opiomelanocortin and are released and jointly influenced by similar feedback signals, the effects of opioids and ACTH require careful differentiation. ACTH, melanocyte-stimulating hormone ( MSH) , vasopressin, and oxytocin also modulate adaptive processes by affecting motivational, learning, and memory proce~ses.~ In an effort to extend previous studies of opioid peptides and related neurotransmitters, we have studied the influence of ACTH, morphine, and opioid antagonists on both attention and pain. In this report we have attempted to link clinical and physiological studies by employing somatosensory, visual, and auditory evoked potentials. In particular, we have used the N120 peak of the evoked potential (EP) as an index of attention. The amplitude of the N120 peak increases with pain sensitivity and selective attention, responds to pharmacological manipulation by opiates, opiate antagonists and peptides, and is diminished in schizophrenia.


Objective To explore the expression of PIN1 and Cyclin E in gastric carcinoma tissue after radical gastrectomy and its significance.Methods 46 patients received radical gastrectomy were selected as study subjects.Cancer tissues were harvested as the gastric cancer group,and the adjacent normal tissues of tumor tissue were harvested as the control group.The expression of PIN1 and Cyclin E was observed by immunohistochemistry,and the relationship with tumor infiltration,differentiation,lymphatic and distant metastasis were analyzed.A five year followup study was also applied.Results The expression of PIN1 (3 949.66 ± 157.40) and Cyclin E (5 443.07 ±240.15) was significantly higher than those of the control group[(247.67 ± 75.63),(354.92 ± 93.88)] (all P <0.05),and the expression of PIN1 was related with tumor differentiation,lymphatic and distant metastasis,and the expression of Cyclin E was closely related with tumor infiltration and differentiation.The 5-year survival rate of patients with the simultaneously increased expression of PIN1 and Cyclin E was 50.0%,which was significantly lower than the expression of the two separate elevated or not elevated.Conclusion The expression of PIN1 and Cyclin E in cancer tissues after radical gastrectomy is high,and could better reflect the pathological parameters and prognosis.

Key words:
Stomach neoplasms ;  PIN1 ;  Cyclin E;  Prognosis;  Immunohistochemistry


How to set up the reform direction of the engineering graphics courses in the higher engineering education system fitting China's national situation is discussed,to give prominence to features so as to enhance graphics education status in higher engineering education,to include cultivation of the abilities of ideation,creativity,and practice as a primary goal of engineering graphics education reform.The implementation of a series of pilot projects in engineering graphics courses,such as solid modeling and projection,shaft parts mapping and the three-dimensional entity modeling of industrial robot drive,plays an import role for students to improve projection drawing ability,master scientific way of thinking,enhance awareness of engineering and innovation.


We describe a simple, fast computing and easy to implement method for finding relatively good clusterings of software systems. Our method relies on the ability to compute the strength of an edge in a graph by applying a straightforward metric defined in terms of the neighborhoods of its end vertices. The metric is used to identify the weak edges of the graph, which are momentarily deleted to break it into several components. We study the quality metric MQ introduced by S. Mancoridis et al. (1998) and exhibit mathematical properties that make it a good measure for clustering quality. Letting the threshold weakness of edges vary defines a path, i.e. a sequence of clusterings in the solution space (of all possible clustering of the graph). This path is described in terms of a curve linking MQ to the weakness of the edges in the graph.


Puget Sound provides a case study of significant changes in the West9s Cold War experience and illustrates that this era can be understood in terms of two distinct phases, with a turning point in the late 1960s/early 1970s. This transition saw shifts in relationships between Puget Sound residents and the military, from a traditional, almost unanimous support for the military9s presence in the region, to the development of a much more hostile attitude among some segments of the public. This change reflected growing concerns about the environment and skepticism about military-related economic growth. It was also shaped by concerns about nuclear weapons and the role of the armed services in U.S. foreign relations, the result of the rebirth of the anti-nuclear movement across the United States in the 1970s.


We present a scenegraph-based schema, the ContextMap, to model context information. Locations with hierarchical relations are the skeleton of the ContextMap where nodes of people, objects and activities can be attached. Context information can be collected by traversing the ContextMap. The ContextMap provides a uniform method to represent physical and social semantics for context-aware computing. In addition, context ambiguity can be modeled as well.


Objective To essess the value of meridian electrical stimulating therapy(MEST) in chemotherapy for malignant tumors. Methods The study was conducted in 336 patients with malignicy who would receive chemotheray were randomized to two groups: treatment group and control group.To the treatment group,MEST was given in addition to chemotherapy;to the crontrol,chemotherapy alone was given.Drug for increasing white cells were administered in both groups,and their white cells,gastrointestinal reactions,and IS% of T lymphocytes during the treatment were compared. Results The difference of decrease of leucocytes(Uc=10.03,P0.01) and IS% of T lymphocytes between the two groups after treatment were significant(t=13.95,P0.05).The side effects were milder in treatment group than that in the control. Conclusion MEST in-synchronous with chemotherapy may prevent and lessen the breakdown of white blood cells,protect the organism undergoing chemotherapy,decrease the gastrointestinal side effcts,and improve the quality of life of patients.


Abstract
This chapter explores the nature of science and different values that underpin science as a way of thinking and acting. While teachers and learners can interpret values differently, the focus of this chapter will be on:

Building a shared understanding of values and how they may manifest in the science classroom;

How such a shared understanding can be developed in teachers through professional learning opportunities;

How professional learning involves experiencing reaching consensus from positions of difference and looks at the role this plays in new scientific knowledge being accepted;

How values might be embedded in teaching and learning of science and the implications of this for teaching a diversity of students. Teacher reflections captured in the form of cases provide various examples which identify what inclusive practices might look like in primary and secondary classrooms.


China's reform and opening-up have gone through 30 years.For three decades,right along this road,China has made remarkable achievements in socialist construction.As Deng Xiaoping's right-hand man,Hu Qiaomu in his later years gave an unreserved loyalty and all intelligence in ordering the three economic theories out of chaos,advocating following the economic rules,new discussion on relations between the Party and the government,and studying for studying the advanced science,technology and management experience from capitalist countries.Hu Qiaomu also made contributions in opening a new road for Chinese economic system and construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.


Synthesis of the natural product 2β-hydroxyursolic acid (6) has been achieved through reaction of ursonic acid (1) with SeO2, and subsequent stereospecific reduction of the 2,3-diketo derivative (3) and its tautomer diosphenol (4), with NaBH4 under mild reaction conditions. Several other analogues (2), (5), (7) and (8) of the ursane series have also been obtained during these reactions.


EEG studies for the determination of cerebral death are no longer confined to major laboratories. Many small hospitals have intensive care units and EEG facilities. The need for minimal standard guidelines has thus increased. The first (1970) edition of Minimum Technical Requirements for EEG Recording in Suspected Cerebral Death reflected the state of the art and the technique of the late 1960s. Substantially improved EEG instrumentation is now available, and many laboratories have had years of experience in this area. Equally important, there is now a much larger number of competent EEG technologists. Finally, the EEG results of a collaborative study of cerebral death that was being planned in 1970 have been published (Bennett et al., 1976). The survey in the later 1960s by the American EEG Society's Ad Hoc Committee on EEG Criteria for the Determination of Cerebral Death revealed that, of 2,650 cases of coma with presumably "isoelectric" EEGs, only three whose records satisfied the committee's criteria showed any recovery of cerebral function. These three had suffered from massive overdoses of nervous system depressants, two from barbiturates, and one from meprobamate. Many of the reported "isoelectric" records were, on review, either low-voltage records or obtained with techniques inadequate to bring out low-voltage activity. That is, inadequate technique alone gave the graphs the appearance of being "flat." It should be pointed out, however, that this study did not include children. Hence, the comparable data on which to base recommendations for this young age group do not exist at present. The 1970 committee recommended dropping nonphysiologic terms such as "isoelectric" or "linear" (the word "flat" should likewise not be used) and renaming the state "electrocerebral silence." Subsequently, "electrocerebral inactivity" (ECI) was the term recommended in the Glossary of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN; Chatrian et al., 1974). The current Guideline includes an updating of the criteria for electrocerebral inactivity, reflecting what has been learned since the first appearance of these standards (Chatrian et al., 1974; Bennett et al., 1976; Chatrian, 1980; NINCDS, 1980; Medical Consultants, 1981; Walker, 1981).


DWSC (Dynamic Web Services Composition) is growing rapidly now a days. DWSC is more useful in all types of commercial departments with all facilities requirement based on Dynamic Web Service providers. DWSC is more necessary for the research to the modern generation. Through the research DWSC is more useful in acting rapidly and protecting in the field of commerce and communication. BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) is very useful for developing DWSC for all sorts of business super fast and sent percent safely without time delay throughout a universal wide. So, BPEL is very useful in now a days. BPEL is to create, access and to document automatically. Due to the research information and news formed by new framework of Peer-to-Peer (Pto-P or P2P) environment using QoS (Quality of Services). BPEL can be transferred any part of universal creation, access and documentation between the closed communication so that the search and discovery of services. The framework P2P is cyber link connected to all types Business solution automatically. The entire works is used for QoS enhanced safety and security services. The QoS is used for similar services among the closed communications so that the search and discovery of services are rapidly with safe and security. I. INTRODUCTION Dynamic Web Services Composition allows interoperability between applications and provides flexibility to integrate businesses. In order to support Business-to-Business or enterprise application integration, Dynamic Web Services are required to collaborate. Dynamic Web Service Composition focuses on business process creation based on arrangement and choreography (the practice of designing such sequences) of Dynamic Web Services. The manual composition of Web Service is time consuming and requires a significant amount of detailed coding and dealing with heterogeneous (different type) services. As the number of services increase in a composite service the arrangements among the services becomes more problematic. The necessity and complexity of the task of service composition has resulted a number of companies and standardization bodies working towards a common language for defining automation of BPE (Business Process Executions). Some have taken the semantic Web approaches such as DAML-S and some have taken the syntactic approach such as BPML, XLANG, WSFL and BPEL. However most of Dynamic Web Service Composition definition languages are heavily based on Web Service definitions. That is provided in Web Service Definition Language (WSDL) descriptions. II. PROBLEM STATEMENT


In the modern technological environment technologies operate, and new ones emerge, in a variety of application fields. The aim of this dissertation is to present and highlight two of them: Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain, as well as the way in which the two can coexist and act combined in important technological areas of human activity, upgrading, optimizing, and evolving the automation degree that governs each one of them. The ability of Artificial Intelligence to recognize patterns, to act based on findings and to improve itself as well as the characteristic triptych of Decentralization, Immutability and Traceability that governs Blockchain technology, create a unique blend of technologies that no other technology or combination of technologies can compete with at the moment. Both individually and collaboratively, these two technologies can transform the areas where they are applied and also lead the developments of the 4th Industrial Revolution by further automating processes while at the same time offering an inviolable veil of data protection and security. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate in an intelligible way the operation of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain technology, presenting their identity in the constantly and dynamically changing, modern technological landscape, recognizing threats but also making an attempt to take a peek at their common future.


We reported a rare case of nasal vascular leiomyoma that developed in a 67-year-old man. The tumor showed characteristic histological findings with proliferation of smooth muscle cells intermingled with dilated venous vessels. Review of the literature indicated that nasal vascular leiomyoma is characterized by female predominance, occurrence in aged patients and nasal obstruction or pain as the primary symptom. Leiomyomas are benign myogenic neoplasms that may occur wherever smooth muscle is present. According to Enzinger and Weiss (1995), who analyzed a total of 7,748 leiomyomas, 95% of the tumors occurred in the female genitalia (uterus), 3% in the skin, 0.9% in the gastrointestinal tract and the remainder in various sites. Leiomyomas are classified into 3 histological subtypes: vascular, nonvascular and epithelioid or leiomyoblastoma (Batsakis, 1979). Vascular leiomyoma is a relatively uncommon smooth muscle tumor rarely found in the neck and head area. Herein, we present a rare case of vascular leiomyoma developed in the nasal septum.