Present Study is being taken to retrieve Leaf Area Indexn(LAI) in Himalayan forest system using vegetation indices developed from Hyperion EO-1 hyperspectral data. Hemispherical photograph were captured in the month of March and April, 2012 at 40 locations, covering moist tropical Sal forest, subtropical Bauhinia and pine forest and temperate Oak forest and analysed using an open source GLA software. LAI in the study region was ranging in between 0.076 m2/m2 to 6.00 m2/m2. These LAI values were used to develop spectral models with the FLAASH corrected Hyperion measurements.Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used taking spectral reflectance values of all the possible combinations of 170 atmospherically corrected channels. The R2 was ranging from lowest 0.0 to highest 0.837 for the band combinations of spectral region 640 nm and 670 nm. The spectral model obtained was, spectral reflectance (y) = 0.02x LAI(x) - 0.0407.


Various soils infested with plant-parasitic nematodes were mixed with cinnamic aldehyde at the dose of a. i. 2 g/10 l soil as a wettable powder. The treatment decreased Meloidgyne incognita on sweet potato, Ipomea batatas, in sandy soil and okura, Abelmoschus manihot, in loamy aoil, and Tylenchorhynchus claytoni on Kirishima azalea, Rhododendoron obtusum, in silty soil. Helicotylenchus dihystera was not influenced by treatment in either soil. Rhabditid nematodes, especially Pelodera sp., increased greatly in population. Definite trends were not observed for Mononchida and Dorylaimida. The increased or decreased population levels of the above nematodes were observed over a 6-week period after treatment.


Magnets for advanced hadron facility secondary beam lines will be positioned close to targets at which nuclear radiation levels will be about 10/sup 8/ rad/h. Designs are proposed in which the magnet coils are remote from the beam apertures and shielded from radiation by the poles or other nonmagnetic material. The magnet yokes and poles are integrated into the radiation shielding surrounding the targets. If necessary, the coils can be removed for servicing without exposing the parts of the magnet with very high residual radiation fields. In this proposed design it will be unnecessary to have vacuum joints adjacent to the magnets, because the parts of the magnet close to the beam tube should never need to be removed for maintenance. >


ABSTRACT Of several triggering mechanisms of submarine slope instability, the effect of rapid rate of sedimentation is focused on. When subjected to rapid sedimentation, the clayey material in the seabed is in a state of incomplete consolidation or underconsolidation. In order to understand the undrained behaviour of underconsolidated clay, triaxial compression tests were conducted on laboratory-reconstituted samples of soft Bangkok clay which were consolidated Under various total pressures and degrees of consolidation. The test results indicated that the undrained strength of the clay increases with the degree of consolidation, while the cohesion and friction angle in terms of effective stress are independent of the degree of consolidation. It was revealed also that the underconsolidated clay develops a slightly greater amount of excess pore water pressure during shear than the normally consolidated clay. Using the above findings, a finite element program was developed to analyze the stability of submarine slopes undergoing rapid sedimentation and increasing height with time. It was shown by an example calculation that the degree of consolidation of the slope decreases with time, eventually resulting in a failure.


This paper analyzes the persistency of the unequal exchange of labor (UE) in international trade. An intertemporal model of a world economy is defined with a leisure preference and no discount factor. Every incompletely specialized free trade equilibrium is characterized as having non-persistent UE, which verifies the convergence of economies without relying on economic growth or diminishing returns to scale. In particular, it characterizes a sub-class of equilibria in which the sequence of real interest rates does not converge to zero, but UE tends to disappear while equivalently the distribution of capital assets tends to be equalized in the long run.


This paper reports nonlinear dynamics that arise through the interaction of oscillating modes of class-B multimode lasers, in which polarization dynamics can be adiabatically eliminated. They include self-organized collective relaxation oscillations in transient regimes and in the vicinity of stationary states of free-running lasers, antiphase dynamics in unstable regimes of modulated lasers, and mode-partition-noise-induced chaotic burst generation in compound- cavity laser schemes.


We described herein a one-pot diazotization/gold-mediated cyclization of 2-aminoaryl-3-arylpropargyl-benzenesulfonamides. After diazotization, Me2SAuCl triggers an oxy- and/or chloroarylation of the alkyne moiety, resulting in the formation of 3-acylindoles and/or Z-3-(chloromethylene)indolines. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations show the significant energetic preference of both processes over an insertion pathway. Notably, a Z-3-(chloromethylene)indoline crystallized with [Cl-Au-Cl],- exhibiting Au⋅⋅⋅H-C short contacts.


ABSTRACT The values that begin to solidify during adolescence can be steered by experiential education programs designed to inculcate a set of attitudes and behaviors in their participants. One such program, Jewish Youth Philanthropy, socializes adolescents into recognizing the importance of donating both to Jewish causes and within a Jewish framework. This paper examines the relationship between these programs and the development of Jewish and donor identities during adolescence. It suggests that surveyed Jewish youth philanthropy participants are more likely than non-participants to perceive themselves as donors, but that their Jewish identities are viewed as justifications for prosocial behavior, not drivers of it.


The predictive model is built according to the characteristics of the impulse response of integrating process. In order to eliminate the permanent offset between the setpoint and the process output in the presence of the load disturbance, a novel error compensation method is proposed. Then predictive functional control of integrating process is designed. The method given generates a simple control structure, which can significantly reduce online coInputation. Furthermore, the tuning of the controller is fairly straightforward. Simulation results indicate that the designed control system is relatively robust to the parameters variation of the process.


This paper analyzes the influence of nuclear development in Spain, an influence that went far beyond the scientific and technological area. The arrival in Spain of the first reactors affected the nuclear physics of the time, its institutionalization and the scientific and technological developments that were put in place after their arrival. But politicians, diplomats, companies and other administrative managers who participated in these processes also had to innovate, test new forms of consensus and reach agreements. Politics and power were important in making decisions that were of purely technical appearance. With the country's nuclear development, scientists, politicians and business leaders had to come together and help to articulate the Spanish State during the decades of 1960 and 1970.


This research was conducted to find out and evaluate the stages of PR that run by department of Corporate Communication as the Public Relations of XL on XL Future Leaders program from 2012 to 2016. This research uses qualitative descriptive method. The result of this research shows that XL's Corporate Communication has done 4 stages of PR in running XL Future Leaders program, which are: first, identifying the problem; second, planning and programming stages; third, taking action and communicating; and fourth, evaluating the program. XL's Corporate Communication used the same steps and strategies each year as long as the program is implemented, but there are few changes depend on Core business of XL and the conditions of the students' needs at that time. The objectives of this program are well realized although not yet fully


Materials with spin-momentum locked surface or interface states provide an interesting playground for studying physics and application of charge-spin current conversion. To characterize their non-equilibrium magnetic and transport properties in the presence of a time-dependent external magnetic field and a spin injection from a contact, we introduce three macroscopic variables: a vectorial helical magnetization, a scalar helical magnetization, and the conventional magnetization. We derive a set of closed dynamic equations for these variables by using the spinor Boltzmann approach with the collision terms consistent with the symmetry of spin-momentum locked states. By solving the dynamic equations, we predict several intriguing magnetic and transport phenomena which are experimentally accessible, including magnetic resonant response to an AC applied magnetic field, charge-spin conversion, and spin current induced by the dynamics of helical magnetization.


BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE
Cervical cancer is tightly related with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), among which HPV16 is most common. This study was to construct HPV16 L1, L2, E67 coexpression non-replication vaccina virus, and explore its immunization effects.

METHODS
HPV16 major capsid protein L1/L2 genes and HPV16 early E6/E7 genes were inserted into a vaccina virus expression vector to construct recombinant vaccina virus NTVJE67CKL1L2 by homologous recombination; the recombinant virus was identified by DNA hybridization and Western blot. C57BL/6 mice were immunized by NTVJE67CKL1L2; specific antibodies and specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were detected. Immune protective effects of NTVJE67CKL1L2 on the mice were evaluated by challenges of TC-1 tumor cells.

RESULTS
HPV16 L1/L2/E6/E7 genes were integrated into vaccina virus DNA; Western blot confirmed that full-length L1/L2/E67 proteins were co-expressed in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells infected with the recombinant virus. NTVJE67CKL1L2 elicited specific antibodies against HPV16 L1/L2/E6/E7 and generated TC-1 cell-specific CTLs in mice. Mice boosted with NTVJE67CKL1L2 could tolerate the challenge of 1x10(4) TC-1 cells.

CONCLUSION
NTVJE67CKL1L2 can be taken as a candidate of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine for HPV-associated tumors and their precursor lesions.


This paper presents a three dimensional (3D) modelling of a dual modality sensor composite which emerges electrical capacitance sensor (ES) and ultrasonic transducer (UT) for process tomography applications. The dual-modality tomography (DMT) setup has employed a customized ES electrodes along with UT on a single-plane. A finite element method is used to analyze the feasibility and the behavior of the DMT setup in 3D environment using COMSOL Multiphysics software. This simulation is performed both in a homogeneous and inhomogeneous conditions to investigate the wave distribution and its pattern thus the simulation results are presented in this paper.


Shapes and angles of The Great Pyramid of Egypt are balanced and renowned for their energy properties. Studies have proved that beneficial effects are found on human health in pyramidal environment. The present study was designed to determine the efficacy of dexamethasone and indomethacin on incision and dead space wound models in rats under the influence of pyramid environment. A wooden pyramid model fabricated locally was used for the study. The parameters chosen were breaking strength of incised wound, breaking strength of granulation tissue, hydroxyproline content and histology. The results showed that the dexamethasone and indomethacin slow down all phases of wound healing and the inhibitory action of dexamethasone on wound healing was stronger than that of indomethacin. Thus pyramid exposure reversed the action of indomethacin more effectively than that of dexamethasone.


The spectroscopic methods of circular dichroism (CD) is commonly used in analysing the chirality of molecules, which plays an important role in pharmaceutical compounds. However, the current methods require high sample density due to the weak CD effect of natural material, making it challenging to detect the signal of individual chiral molecule. In this work, we propose a technique to enhance CD signal of individual chiral molecule with the use of superchiral optical field, which is acquired by focusing a twisted radially polarized vortex onto a one-dimensional photonic band gap structure. Through adjusting the topological charge and the focusing angle of the illumination, a deep subwavelength optical field with full width at half maxima (FWHM) of 0.02λ and 22.4-fold superchirality factor enhancement can be generated. In addition, we demonstrate that up to 20-fold CD enhancement can be obtained by introducing 2 nm on-resonant chiral molecule into the superchiral optical field. This finding will have widely potential applications in CD spectroscopy and superresolution imaging for sparse subdiffraction chiral objects.


In this article, we examine financial return, answer the question of how one knows when the return is adequate, and explore the relationship of short- and long-term returns as they relate to business health.


The current demographic situation in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan is associated with pronounced processes of population aging. Today, about two million elderly people live in Kazakhstan, which makes up more than 10% of the population, which crosses a seven percent threshold for determining the "aging" country in the world. For Kyrgyzstan, an increase in the proportion of the elderly is a new phenomenon. At the beginning of 2016, there were 965,385 people over 50 in Kyrgyzstan, which is 16% of the total population, of whom 60 and over are 7.06%. According to the average version of the forecast, the relative number of people 60 years and older will almost triple by 2050. (M. B. Denisenko, 2011, Report of a statistical study, 2017) The aging of the population is the most significant social problem of the XXI st century and is associated with the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. Moderate cognitive impairment, according to several authors are an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia (Brodaty H., 2013, Peterson, 2009). The cause of cognitive disorders in old age can be a number of diseases, including neurodegenerative. According to projections, it is expected that neurodegenerative diseases will surpass cancer as the leading cause of death by 2040 (Walter U., 2013). The Global prevalence pattern of dementia depends on several factors, from life expectancy to the health status, last but not least from the particular environment. Purpose of the study. To study the prevalence of cognitive impairment and the main risk factors for their occurrence among people over 60 in the Kazakh and Kyrgyz populations. Materials and methods. The screening was attended by 300 respondents (150 Kazakhs and 150 Kyrgyz) aged 60 to 90 years (average age 65.6). The material was collected using the Questionnaire for the Champ Clinic and the MOCA test (cut-off point <26) based on the city polyclinics of Almaty and Bishkek. Results: moderate cognitive impairment was detected - 39.9%, mild cognitive impairment - 33.4%, normal cognitive function - 26.7% in Kazakhs. In the Kyrgyz population, a moderate cognitive impairment was identified - 48.3%; pronounced cognitive impairment - 15.4%, dementia - 8.2%. Expected risk factors for cognitive impairment: 1) in Kazakhs, arterial hypertension - 86.89%, cardiac ischemia, angina pectoris - 70.21%, pathology of the thyroid gland and pancreas (diabetes, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism) - 29.50%, atherosclerotic vascular diseases - 29.9%, brain injury - 18.22%, education level - 4.24%, depression - 0.6%, respectively. 2) in Kyrgyz: arterial hypertension - 49%, cardiac ischemia, angina pectoris - 13%, pathology of the thyroid gland and pancreas (diabetes, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism) - 21%, low level of education - 11%, Bad habits of smoking and alcohol - 25 %, 20%, respectively. Conclusions: The transformation of the demographic burden can have important implications for the social security system.We have an urgent need to continue screening the population to identify the main risk factors for moderate cognitive impairment in individuals in the Kazakh and Kyrgyz populations.


The article focuses on the benefit protection of affiliated company's creditors in theory and in practice. Although a lot of disputes arise, little law resolves this problem. We think some theories such as piercing the corporate veil; deep-rock theory; compensation; incorporation and so on should be fetched in legislation.


[4] SMITH HF, JR. A comparison of empirical centric relation records with location of terminal hinge axis and apex of the gothic arch tracing. [6] WINSTANLEY RB. The hinge-axis: a review of the literature. [7] SINDLEDECKER L. Effect of different centric relation registrations on the pantographic representation of centric relation. [12] WEFFORT SY, DE FANTINI SM. Condylar displacement between centric relation and maximum intercuspation in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals.


The complexity of human cerebral cortex has important clinical value for the prediction, diagnosis and prevention of certain diseases. In this paper, we mainly used edge extraction and curve fitting to assess the cortical complexity by calculating the surface fractal dimension of the cerebral cortex with the help of the standard deviation of distance (SDD) and the layer-by-layer perimeter area ratio (PAR) based on T1 images. The results showed that the SDD and PAR revealed some advantages over the traditional box-counting method in computing the surface complexity of simulated 3D graphs. Moreover, when the two methods were applied to the human cerebral cortex in vivo, it was found that the SDD was more sensitive to individual differences. This study shows a new method for human brain cortex complexity calculation, providing a technical support for morphological analysis of human brain in clinical stage.


An aspect of exemplary embodiment of the present invention is a kind of method, and the method comprises the information receiving from multiple subscriber equipmenies (10) that spatially distribute, and wherein this information at least comprises the observed result of the environment to each subscriber equipment (10). Based on received information, the method creates the time evolution model of space-time map (12E) for multiple locus. The method also comprises that the time evolution model based on space-time map (12E) carrys out construction strategy, and strategy is sent to multiple subscriber equipmenies (10). Exemplary embodiment of the present invention be a kind of method on the other hand, the method comprises that at least the observed result of the radio environment based on to subscriber equipment (10) generates probabilistic model; Probabilistic model is sent to the network insertion node (12) of cordless communication network; Receive the information from network insertion node (12); And the information based on received operates subscriber equipment (10) at least partly. Also describe according to device (10,12) and the computer program of said method operation.


The article considers the corporate hymn genre as a new discourse practice of national corporations. It traces its historical roots and specific nature of current functioning. The genre interpretation through the lens of a "new discourse practice" notion allows to study dynamic characteristics of the genre at its development stage and to determine specific nature of the new genre perception by the discourse building practices and its ordinary participants.


Church's hypothesis and Godel's theorem may provide constraints on mental processes.As a relief quantum entanglement may lead to a definite proposal as regards the nature of reality and how much of it we are able to know and how do we know it.We deal with these questions and have devised a Gedanken Experiment showing the redundancy of principle of reality. We thereby propose a model describing the processes of making conclusions from a given set of premises though without the reference of neurobiological processes at present. We argue thereafter that the physical laws of nature may not be universal as it seems, being dependent on some physical processes namely computation and the states of neural cognitive states which may be governed yet by some other rule.


(p 0 , f (p 0)) (p 2 , f(p 2)) p 0 t = h 0 h 1 h 0 p 1 t = h 1 p 2 t = 0 p 3 t = z y = f(x) Figure 2.17 The starting approximations p 0 , p 1 , and p 2 for Muller's method, and the differences h 0 and h 1. Muller's method is a generalization of the secant method, in the sense that it does not require the derivative of the function. It is an iterative method that requires three starting points (p 0 , f (p 0)), (p 1 , f (p 1)), and (p 2 , f (p 2)). A parabola is constructed that passes through the three points; then the quadratic formula is used to find a root of the quadratic for the next approximation. It has been proved that near a simple root Muller's method converges faster than the secant method and almost as fast as Newton's method. The method can be used to find real or complex zeros of a function and can be programmed to use complex arithmetic. Without loss of generality, we assume that p 2 is the best approximation to the root and consider the parabola through the three starting values, shown in Figure 2.17. Make the change of variable (9) t = x − p 2 , and use the differences (10) h 0 = p 0 − p 2 and h 1 = p 1 − p 2. Consider the quadratic polynomial involving the variable t: (11) y = at 2 + bt + c.


Nowadays, image processing became very important especially in real-time where the results of real-time image processing failures can be severe; therefore, the study and research in methods of real-time image processing are of extreme significance. The main contribution of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of real-time image processing research (Applications), the relevant techniques, and methods.


member cooperatives and plays the leading role in the establishment of new enterprises. The bank clearly played such a prominent role in the Mondragon groups' expansion, in fact, that one can legitimately wonder whether the cooperative organization of each enterprise had anything to do with it at all. In this regard, Thomas and Logan do establish that the Mondragon cooperatives enjoy much better industrial relations than conventionally organized firms, showing rates of absenteeism far below those of comparable capitalist firms. It remains unclear, however, whether these superior industrial relations are due to democratic decision making, as Thomas and Logan apparently believe, or to such other factors as workers' capital stakes in the success of their enterprises. Clearly, the problem of pinning down the organizational factors that contribute most to this group's success is too complex to be solved by this one work, and


Contemporary literature is flooded with works which are written with description of cruel and bloody stories,which makes the readers feel frightened while they are reading.Therefore,we need to dig out "kindness" in the literature works in order to protect and kindly treat our fragile soul.By writing works,the author tries to confirm the existence of courage,while human's conscience or his residual kindness is the answer to this confirmation.


We report some results on the compound multiplicity distribution at 340 GeV/c nucleus interactions. Compound multiplicity distribution is found to depend on the target size and the distribution becomes broader. The peak of the distribution shifts towards higher values of the compound particle multiplicity. Mean compound multiplicity is found to vary linearly with grey, heavy, and shower particle multiplicity. Correlations between different particle multiplicities have been studied in detail. Dispersion of compound multiplicity distributions and its ratio with the mean value is observed to obey a linear relationship with different particle multiplicities except for shower particles where dispersion is almost independent of shower particles. Mean normalized multiplicity has also been studied in terms of created charged particles.


Retaining a periodontal hopeless tooth has always been in controversy regarding its effect on the surrounding periodontal structures or the cost effectiveness on its treatment attempt. Considering patients anticipation to retain his/her tooth for fear of extraction and aesthetics as well as monetary/ insurance troubles, non-surgical and surgical approach could be attempted to retain a hopeless tooth that would be indicated for extraction and replacement by implants. With various advancements in grafting materials and surgical techniques, the article discusses clinical and radiological considerations as well as treatment modalites in order to retain a hopeless periodontal tooth which could be an economic alternative to an implant.


The aim of this Scienti c paper is to determine the time required by the company in producing Maulana Furniture bookcase. To obtain the data the authors use the method of eld research that includes observations and interviews. Scienti c Writ- ing is using PERT calculation methods, data used in the calculation of PERT is the time of the production process bookcase in minutes. Based on the results of PERT anal- ysis, to produce a single bookcase measures 100cm x 35cm x 175cm time required is 1185 minutes or 19 hours and 45 minutes, whereas without the use of PERT method the time required is 1265 minutes or 21 hours 5 minutes. It is shown that the PERT method can be seen the eective time for work and rest periods for employees.


We present ALMA observations of the [C ii] line and far-infrared (FIR) continuum of a normally star-forming galaxy in the reionization epoch, the z = 6.96 Lyα emitter (LAE) IOK-1. Probing to sensitivities of σline = 240 μJy beam−1 (40 km s−1 channel) and σcont = 21 μJy beam−1, we found the galaxy undetected in both [C ii] and continuum. Comparison of ultraviolet (UV)–FIR spectral energy distribution (SED) of IOK-1, including our ALMA limit, with those of several types of local galaxies (including the effects of the cosmic microwave background, CMB, on the FIR continuum) suggests that IOK-1 is similar to local dwarf/irregular galaxies in SED shape rather than highly dusty/obscured galaxies. Moreover, our 3σ FIR continuum limit, corrected for CMB effects, implies intrinsic dust mass Mdust < 6.4 × 107 M☉, FIR luminosity LFIR < 3.7 × 1010 L☉ (42.5–122.5 μm), total IR luminosity LIR < 5.7 × 1010 L☉ (8–1000 μm), and dust-obscured star formation rate (SFR) < 10 M☉ yr−1, if we assume that IOK-1 has a dust temperature and emissivity index typical of local dwarf galaxies. This SFR is 2.4 times lower than one estimated from the UV continuum, suggesting that <29% of the star formation is obscured by dust. Meanwhile, our 3σ [C ii] flux limit translates into [C ii] luminosity, L[C ii] < 3.4 × 107 L☉. Locations of IOK-1 and previously observed LAEs on the L[C ii] versus SFR and L[C ii]/LFIR versus LFIR diagrams imply that LAEs in the reionization epoch have significantly lower gas and dust enrichment than AGN-powered systems and starbursts at similar/lower redshifts, as well as local star-forming galaxies.


discussed. Each student took part in three iterations of the three-station OSCE as either the 'candidate', 'examiner' or 'observer'. In the introductory session, students watched a DVD on giving feedback, and then rehearsed ways of phrasing responses on good practice and areas for improvement. Students in the role of candidate rotated through each of the OSCE stations; those in the roles of either examiner or observer remained at the same station for the duration of the circuit. Students in the role of candidate received immediate feedback that they could use in the other two stations on the circuit, where they received more feedback from different peers. The defined criteria within the OSCE format offered guidance to feedback novices on the elements to consider in order to convey constructive feedback to their peers. Evaluation of results and impact To evaluate the perceived merit of this method, a questionnaire (containing 20 statement items scored on a 4-point Likert scale) and focus group sessions (the nominal group technique) were used. The participants agreed ⁄ strongly agreed (range 82–100%) with positively framed statements about feedback, and generally disagreed ⁄ strongly disagreed with negatively framed statements about feedback (range 88–100%). A question on whether they valued peer feedback as much as tutor feedback produced divided opinion (48% versus 52%). Although 94% of participants felt they could be honest, they found it difficult to give negative feedback owing to relationship issues and the perceived potential adverse impact on the recipient. Hence, students sought 'permission' from faculty members to give opinions on areas to be commended and specifically areas in which improvement was required. Particular educational features of these sessions were the transparency of learner goals through the OSCE marking schemes and the opportunity for multiple practices with immediate feedback, as well as the active engagement of students and the fact that they were made responsible for giving feedback to peers. The project resulted in a robust method by which health professional students can learn how to give constructive feedback on performance and which also supports the development of clinical communication skills.


The field of law and psychiatry is the forensic battleground of lawyers and psychiatrists over legal issues of common professional concern, particularly the criminal responsibility of the clinically insane and the diminished reponsibility of the neurotic. It is a field of discourse marred by an extravagant rhetoric of claim and counterclaim, overstating or understating the proper weight that legal liability should accord psychiatric disabilities. Michael Moore's Law and Psychiatry is a remarkable achievement of interdisciplinary learning, argument, and imagination, for it establishes a model of meticulous analysis which brings a new dignity to law and psychiatry as a subject of scholarly research. Moore deploys a style of rigorous philosophical argument which brings a judicious and balanced good sense to all the legal issues he discusses. At the same time, Moore advances the discussion of how psychiatric and psychoanalytic explanation should be understood more generally. On balance, Law and Psychiatry is a major contribution not only to law and to psychiatry, but also to our understanding of the power of interdisciplinary legal scholarship when it holds itself to uncompromising standards of rigor, precision, and clarity of argument. In order to bring out the innovative dimensions of Moore's achievement, I will analyze each of the four issues which organize the argument of the book: (1) the constructive view of the person, (2) insanity, (3) the psychoanalytic theory of the unconscious, and (4) the unity of the self.


Although data is mostly collected in IoT devices, 80% of its processing takes place in data centers and centralized computing facilities such as clouds. This paradigm strongly relies on the network infrastructure and incurs high communication latencies and significant energy consumption while under-utilizing the computing resources embedded in the IoT devices. Fostering architectures that empower end-users leveraging the collaborative capacities of IoT, edge and far-edge devices will reduce the dependence on the Cloud and the network overload and will enable IT systems with higher responsiveness, accuracy, and energy efficiency. Currently, IoT and Edge devices are treated as surrogates to the Cloud not only from an application processing point of view; the control of the application and the infrastructure are hosted in the Cloud too. This has a strong impact on the design of hyper-distributed applications since developers must be concerned about the deployment of the different components of the application instead of focusing on solving the problems specific to their core business and area of knowledge. Novel data management and processing frameworks oppose this resource-greedy, centralised management mechanisms and establish new control planes distributed across the Continuum integrating the -- compute, store, connectivity and cyber-physical -- capabilities of the devices with seamless management across providers, connectivity types and network zone. These next-generation computing and data technologies pave the way for the raise of new programming environments that ease the programming, deployment, and maintenance of hyper-distributed applications on the Continuum.


A 21 year old primipara was referred to our unit for advice regarding mode of delivery. The woman was 38 weeks pregnant and had an oblique lie. Her pregnancy had been uncomplicated. However, she had a large congenital haemangioma of the left buttock and thigh (Fig. 1) extending to the lower leg and foot. There was a macular telangiectatic haemangioma that was associated with lateral venous varicosities that had developed over the past few years and had become worse in pregnancy. Both lower limbs were the same length, but the left leg showed hypertrophy of the soft tissues. The index, middle and little fingers of both her hands were unduly short. She had no significant past medical pregnancy. During her pregnancy, the woman developed varicose veins of the vulva, vagina and cervix. An ultrasound scan revealed distended lower uterine and cervical veins. The fetus was normally grown, the placenta was anterior and the liquor volume slightly reduced. We sought the opinion of a dermatologist, who diagnosed the Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome. The woman remained on the antenatal ward until 39 weeks of gestation. In view of the vulval, vaginal and cervical varicosities and a persisting oblique lie, we decided to deliver her by caesarean section. A midline vertical incision in the skin was performed and a classical caesarean section was carried out. A massive plexus of varicosities filled the uterovesical fold, extending over the lower uterine segment. The lower pelvic peritoneum was also involved. A baby girl was born who cried at birth. Her weight was 3.3 kg. Following delivery, an infusion of oxytocin was administered, which caused the uterus to contract well. The varicosities that had been so prominent before delivery shrunk down considerably. The estimated blood loss was 1500 mL and the woman received a transfusion of two units of blood. She made a good postoperative recovery. In view of the increased risk of thromboembolic disease, she was treated with enoxaparin 40 mg daily and elastic stockings for seven days.


Students' unsafe behavior is the main factor related to accidents in university laboratories. The safety climate is an important factor that affects individual safety behavior on the organizational level. Therefore, to improve the effect of university laboratory safety management, based on the theoretical framework of AMO and the SEM method, the influence of the laboratory safety climate on the safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior of 500 university students in China was investigated and analyzed. The results show that safety ability and safety motivation play parallel mediating roles, and their synergistic effect promotes the generation of safety behavior: the safety climate in the laboratory has a direct positive effect on both safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior; safety knowledge and safety skills have significant mediating effects on both safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior in the laboratory safety climate; external safety motivation has a significant mediating effect on safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior in the laboratory safety climate; and internal safety motivation does not have a mediating effect on safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior in the laboratory safety climate. To improve students' safety behavior performance, measures such as strengthening the construction of the dynamic improvement mechanism of the laboratory safety climate, optimizing the laboratory safety access system, and taking comprehensive measures to ensure the continuous positive influence of the safety climate on students' safety behavior can be adopted.


The injection of blood and of various drugs intravenously is one of the oldest therapeutic procedures that is used in modern medicine. HISTORICAL SKETCH The most complete record of intravenous infusions in the preantiseptic era is found in Fortescue-Brickdale's 1 exhaustive study published thirty years ago. He stated that the earliest recorded transfusion was given to Pope Innocent VIII in 1492. The unfortunate outcome to the recipient and to the donors discredited the procedure, and more than a century elapsed before transfusions were again alluded to, this time by de Colle of Padua in 1628. This was a significant date as Harvey's "Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis et sanguinis" appeared the same year, and the intravenous injection of drugs became a rational procedure. Probably the first experimental infusions were given in 1656 by Christopher Wren (then professor of astronomy at Oxford, but later to achieve fame as England's outstanding architect),


Comanche Marker Trees of Texas is a collaborative work by Steve Houser (owner of Arborilogical Services, Inc.), Linda Pelon (Professor of Anthropology at McLennan Community College), and Jimmy W. Arterberry (Tribal Historic Preservation Offi cer for the Comanche Nation) that traces the continuing journey of the authors and their collaborators to identify and certify Comanche marker trees in the southern Great Plains. Th is book is divided into three parts. Part 1 gives necessary background information on Comanche marker trees— what they are, what they are for, and who they are for— as well as a detailed description of the marker tree identifi cation process developed by the authors. Part 2 deals with the biology of Comanche marker trees, describing the indicators and eff ects of the human practice of treebending and how it diff ers from the natural (nonhuman) bending of trees. In Part 3, profi les (including photographs) of certifi ed Comanche marker trees are presented. Th e fi rst marker tree certifi cation took place in 1997, and a total of six trees had been certifi ed at the time of this book's publication in 2016, with more since. Hundreds of trees have been submitted for consideration as Comanche marker trees, and the list continues to grow. Th e goal of the authors and fellow volunteers is to eventually confi rm or rule out each tree candidate. Th eir process for doing so calls for a careful examination of the tree and its place, including past and present human activity. Multiple lines of evidence (e.g., biological, cultural, historical, geological, and spatial) are combined to determine the likelihood that a tree is in fact a Comanche marker tree. Ultimately, the decision to formally certify a marker tree lies with the Comanche. Th e authors emphasize the foundation of their collaborative tree evaluation process in respect for the trees, land, and people. Researching and affi rming Comanche marker trees is not only a timeintensive endeavor but also a timesensitive one. Given that the minimum qualifying age for a Comanche marker tree is 144 years, and given the harsh conditions that marker trees endure on the Southern Plains, fewer and fewer marker trees remain. However, the trees, like the Comanche, persevere and trips to observe. Also omitted are some uncommon or infrequent visitors to Texas, leaving 400+ species with species accounts. Each species account includes a quality photograph, most of which were taken by his wife, Kathy Adams Clark, and sections briefl y describing diet, voice, nest, and distribution. Th e bulk of each species account consists of a lively and personal discussion of each species' behavior, plumage description, and indelible observations made by the author over many years of birding in Texas. Th e discussions vary widely by species. Oft en included are specifi c fi eld trips during which a species was seen in a memorable way, almost always in Texas, but occasionally elsewhere (e.g., Minnesota for Connecticut Warbler). Collectively, the species accounts in the book serve as a birding memoir for someone who has clearly spent a great deal of time traveling in Texas to watch birds. Th ose who have visited these locations, or those who aspire to visit Texas on birding trips, will likely enjoy this book. Bird conservation and changes in bird populations are also frequent themes throughout the species accounts. Many current or former conservation issues are presented, with an excellent summary of the decline and recovery of the Brown Pelican being one example. For a book not designed to function as a fi eld guide, too much detail was occasionally provided regarding bird descriptions. Th e book follows popular convention rather than ornithological convention in that bird names are not capitalized. I noted very few errors, such as a misplaced hyphen in the name Eurasian CollaredDove within the Cooper's Hawk species account. Th e book includes a onepage bibliography, although no literature citations are provided in the text, something I occasionally wished for. Th is book straddles what can sometimes be an uncomfortable zone between fi eld guide, bird fi nding guide, and birding memoir. Th ose seeking the fi rst two may be disappointed, but those with an interest in Texas birds will fi nd much to enjoy in the author's extensive experience with watching birds in Texas and his relatable writings about them.


Today, many forms of business intelligence coexist in organizations. This situation often leads to a misunderstanding of what business intelligence (BI) is. This purpose of this study is to propose a taxonomy of BI strategies. Based on the BI literature and professional case studies, we created a taxonomy of BI strategies. We developed this taxonomy iteratively with seven BI professionals, using both theory and data to enrich the profiles. This procedure resulted in the creation of four profiles of BI strategies employed in organizations. We named these strategies operational business intelligence, corporate business intelligence, predictive intelligence, and competitive intelligence. Each of these strategies is based on the same set of dimensions: governance, data, technologies, communication methods and skills. This taxonomy has implications for both research and practice and provides an essential foundation for future research on BI.


The intracranial circulation of 22 patients who had nontraumatic fatal cardiac arrest was monitored using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The internal carotid artery (ICA) was most easily accessible with the least amount of artifact. The duration of the cardiac arrests varied from 6 to 70 minutes (mean, 63), and the TCD‐monitoring time from 1 to 33 minutes (mean, 9). Maximal ICA mean velocities obtained during CPR ranged between 8 and 66 cmjsec (mean, 38) while minimal mean velocities varied between 2 and 22 cmjsec (mean, 12). Although 3 patients developed spontaneous cardiac rhythm during TCD monitoring, all died. Minute‐to‐minute comparison of ICA mean velocities obtained during the last 1 0 minutes of arrest monitoring showed a statistically significant difference following a deeremental trend (p = 0.05). In patients undergoing CPR, cerebral blood flow velocities as measured by TCD decrease progressively. In addition, changes in Doppler waveform suggest this decrease is secondary to progressively increased flow resistance. The clinical and prognostic significance of these findings awaits definition.


University of Missouri-Columbia, USA University of California Davis, USA Abstract The regulatory approval process for new biotech crop varieties is said to be unduly slow and expensive, presenting important barriers to development of new cropping technologies. To date, however, the private and social costs have not been analyzed or measured, let alone compared to alternatives. This paper reports initial findings from our research on the costs of regulatory compliance for biotech crops. We describe and document the regulatory requirements, and we provide estimates of representative compliance costs for key biotechnologies based on confidential data supplied by several major biotech companies.


A digital CMOS buffer circuit with a voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) with low threshold voltages, hysteresis, and high noise immunity is presented. The circuit is capable of restoring slow transition times and distorted input signals with a minimum delay penalty, offering high noise immunity to glitches induced either through capacitive coupling or from the power supply lines such as simultaneous switching noise (SSN). The high noise immunity of the proposed buffer circuit is achieved using a differential redundant circuit architecture.


The solar corona is a template to study and understand stellar activity. However the solar corona differs from that of active stars: the Sun has lower X‐ray luminosity, and on average cooler plasma temperatures. Active stellar coronae have a hot peak in their emission measure distribution, EM (T), at 8–20 MK, while the non‐flaring solar corona has a peak at 1–2 MK. In the solar corona significant amounts of plasma at temperature ∼10 MK are observed only during flares.To investigate what is the time‐averaged effect of solar flares we measure the disk‐integrated time‐averaged emission measure, EMF (T), of an unbiased sample of solar flares. To this aim we analyze uninterrupted GOES/XRS light curves over time intervals of one month. We also obtain the EMQ (T) of the quiescent corona for the same time intervals from Yohkoh/SXT data. To investigate variations due to the solar cycle we evaluate EMF (T) and EMQ (T) at different phases of the cycle between December 1991 and April 1998.Irrespective of the solar cy...


There are almost 400 species(containing 8 varieties)of pteridophytes on Hainan Island,belonging to 43 families and 114 genera,one third of which are officinal.To understand the distribution of pteridophytes resources of Hainan Island,we conducted this survey mainly by photographing the habitat,plant morphology,sorus and specific traits of some pteridophytes.The results showed that nearly 32 families and 94 species were recorded.These pteridophyte herb resources play important roles in medical treatment of native Li nationality people.


Phytanic acid is a saturated branched chain fatty acid found predominantly in red meat and dairy products, and may contribute to the elevated risks of prostate cancer associated with higher consumption of these foods. We measured phytanic acid as a percentage of total fatty acids by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in prediagnostic blood samples from 300 prostate cancer cases and 300 matched controls, all of whom were participants in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort. In addition to providing a fasting blood sample at baseline, all men completed extensive diet, lifestyle, and medical history questionnaires. Among controls, the strongest dietary correlates of serum phytanic acid were dairy fat, butter, and saturated fat (r=0.45, 0.42, and 0.40, respectively; all p-values Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4463. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4463


Aim To evaluate the prevalence of qnr gene in clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae.Methods The qnrA,qnrB and qnrS gene in 62 strains of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolates were detected by PCR. Plasmid conjugation experiments were done in order to investigate the quinolone-resistant transfer.Results Among the 62 Enterobacter cloacae strains,there were 30 strains(48.4%)carrying qnrA gene,41 strains(66.1%)carrying qnrB gene, 7 strains(11.3%)carrying qnrS gene,16 strains carryign qnrA gene and qnrB gene,only one strain carriying qnrA gene and qnrS gene,2 strains carrying qnrB gene and qnrS gene.Conclusions The qnr gene is prevalent in Guangzhou area, thus monitoring of qnr genes resistant to quinolones be strengthened in the future.


The fluoride concentration in the bone of the non-fluoridated female rats increased slowly with age. Up to the age of 12 weeks, the fluoride distribution across the cortical bone was low and showed non-variation from the periosteal region to the endosteal region. From 24 weeks, however, the fluoride concentration in the periosteal and endosteal regions was a little higher than that of the middle region of the cortex. The fluoride concentrations in the bone of the female rats using water containing 100 ppm fluoride increased markedly with age. Six-week old rats showed increased fluoride concentrations in the endosteal region. At 24 weeks, both the periosteal and endosteal regions were higher than the middle region. At 48 weeks, the fluoride concentration in the periosteal region was significantly higher than that of the endosteal region. In conclusion, in younger rats (4, 6, 12, 24 weeks old), the fluoride concentration was lower in the periosteal than in the endosteal region, whereas in older (48 weeks old) rats, the fluoride concentration was higher in the periosteal than in the endosteal region. There were some-what different findings from those on the rat molar cementum in which fluoride was mainly taken up from the cementum surface.


The hypothesis that low levels of self-esteem are related to high frequencies of delinquent behaviors was examined in three ethnic groups in the United States (blacks, whites, and hispanics). Item response theory was first used to assess the measurement equivalence of a 10-item self-esteem scale and a 7-item delinquent behavior scale across the three groups. Two biased items from the self-esteem scale were eliminated, and the relation between the remaining eight items and the delinquent behavior scale was examined in the three groups. Regression analyses showed that the proposed hypothesis may hold for the white sample, but not for the black and hispanic samples. It was also found that although whites and blacks reported similar levels of self-esteem, hispanics reported somewhat lower levels. Methodological and substantive implications of the results are discussed.


When the Buddha left home in search of spiritual understanding, he left behind his wife and presumably the pleasures of sex. After his enlightenment, he encouraged others to do the same: renounce the world of the senses to seek liberation from suffering. The monks and nuns that followed the Buddha's teachings formed a kind of sexless society, a society that did not reproduce itself biologically.' By abstaining from sexual relations, Buddhist monastics intended to reduce attachment and model an alternative to lay life. Buddhist society would continue via transmission of the teachings, a spiritual form of continuity not dependent on sex. But of course, the Buddha was teaching ordinary people with ordinary appetites for sexual contact. And these appetites could really get in the way of spiritual progress; thus we find no shortage of Buddhist commentary on sexuality and its ramifications. And despite 2,500 years of wisdom on this subject, Buddhist teachers and students are still blundering into sexual contacts that undermine their own progress and often the progress of others. Clearly this is not a human fallibility that can be corrected by setting up some simple rules. In fact, sexuality is one of the most deeply hard-wired neurological drives of the human organism, not easily uprooted even for lofty spiritual ideals. From a Buddhist perspective, working with sexuality is working with attachment. How can we understand that attachment in its biological origins? In A Natural History ofSex, Adrian Forsyth describes in vivid detail the ecology and evolution of mating behavior in the animal kingdom.2 In sixteen chapters that cover every biological strategy you can imagine-from incest to role reversal, infanticide to sex changethe author shows how costly sex can be to individual organisms. Though sex is not the only means of reproduction, it certainly involves the most complex behaviors, anatomical variations, social choices, and in a few cases, the risk of death. What can possibly merit such a great investment in momentary pleasure (if indeed it is pleasurable for some animals)? The evolutionary answer is, genetically variable offspring. Variation is the key to surviving calamity as a species. If all animals of a species were genetically identical, they would be terribly vulnerable to single events that exploited their weaknesses. But with variation, there is always a chance that some will make it


"Women's film" in Hollywood is associated both with the genre of melodrama, the "weepie", and with female spectatorship. In the Indian context of popular Hindi cinema, first, genre analysis itself is a questionable line of inquiry since several genres, the melodrama, musical, gangster, or mystery, combine in a single film, known locally as the masala (spicy) film; and second, films are scarcely divided by a gendered viewership. Yet I identify "women's films" as a distinct category in Hindi cinema, emerging around the '70s. These women's films typically center on female protagonists, dramatize their victimization and vindication; by the '80s under a range of influences these films mutated into rape‐revenge narratives. However, another strain emerged within the '70s' "women's film," which drew on cinema's rich visual iconographic tradition of the sight gag, promulgating the comedic/tomboy heroine figure. It favored laughing and mocking patriarchal structures rather than surrendering to them in tears. Focusi...


airway is secured and a free view of the laryngeal structures is possible, there is no objection to giving neuromuscular blocking agents. Thirdly, while fiberoptic intubation in the spontaneously breathing neonate or small infant is feasible, it is much more demanding for the inexperienced practitioner and shallow breathing leading to atelectasis and laryngospasm are continuous threats. Dr Martin Jöhr Institut für Anästhesie Kantonsspital Luzern Switzerland (email: firstname.lastname@example.com)


The purpose of this study is to analyze the interaction patterns in MOOC Korean language classes and to suggest strategies for inducing interaction in the design and operation of MOOC Korean classes. To do this, we analyzed three Korean language courses in Coursera, FutureLearn, and K-MOOC. The total number of discussion boards was sorted and classified and the weekly discussion board was selected to analyze the contents and the number of interactions. The findings of the analysis revealed that the use of K-MOOC''s discussion boards was significantly lower than that of global MOOC''s. In addition, the study found that the most number of articles were on individual experiences and personal opinions related to learning contents. Also, the findings indicated that the open-controlled discussion boards were operated most actively, so the Welch test was conducted to reveal that there was a statistical difference in the degree of interaction according to the types of discussion boards. In addition, the Dunnett T3 postmark test showed that there was a significant difference in the number of interactions among all the discussion boards except for the results between the free and closed-controlled types. Finally, the paper examined the interaction patterns among learners, and the outcomes indicated that the interaction between learners most actively occurred in posts expressing individual opinions. Through these analyses, the paper concludes that it is necessary to subdivide and run discussion boards in accordance with different purposes and topics when designing and running MOOC Korean classes. In fact, utilizing different discussion boards based on specific topics will enhance interaction among learners. Finally, the research emphasizes the need to develop methods to facilitate the interaction between the instructor and the learner.
(Hallym University)


I pondered for quite a while on how to bring to life, in a few pages, the almost forty years of anthropological practice in Israel which I initiated under turbulent historical circumstances. By giving a very personal, associative account, I hope that my experiences will become "experience near" rather than "experience distant" for my American colleagues. Apart from this associative account, I want to describe the social, cultural, and ideological context in which I began working because it fundamentally influenced the kind of theoretical model I developed to guide me in practice.


The death of America's most widely known chain publisher raises again the question of his rank in journalism. Dr. Emery weighs the available facts while awaiting the final judgment that only time and further research can give. The author is an associate professor of journalism at the University of Minnesota.


In an effort to portray modern architecture not as a new architectural language, but as a product of progress, its origin is mainly traced back to three sources: modern painting, the so-called "anonymous ethos" of mass society and technological progress. Leading chroniclers of the modern movement, such as Sigfried Giedion (1888–1968), have described this technological progress as a direct continuation of 19th- century engineering. They deliberately ignore that architecture and engineering – despite the best reconciliation efforts of the Polytechnic movement – rapidly move apart in the late 19th- and early 20th- century. The innovations of the rapidly advancing technological progress, such as iron and steel constructions, concrete or reinforced concrete, are first used in engineering, i.e. building tasks of the new technological age, such as exhibition halls, train stations or bridges, or – in other words – buildings that are designed by engineers and not architects. The leading academic architects – with few exceptions – are very reluctant tu use the new technical innovations.
The aim of this paper is to illuminate architecture's acceptance of or approach to technological progress in the late 19th- and early 20th-century — in particular the rise of structural thinking and the acceptance of engineering aesthetics that are motors for the modernization of architecture.


We consider the problem under which conditions the product or sum of similarity classes of two given matrices contains all cyclic matrices. This problem was already considered in (C. Kurtz (2001). On the products of diagonal conjugacy classes. Communications in Algebra, 29(2), 769–779) for products of similarity classes of diagonal matrices, but now we are capable of proving a much stronger result even for diagonal matrices but with a method which also applies to nondiagonal matrices, and to sums of similarity classes. Our proof proceeds by explicitly constructing a square matrix H(λ) of size n, where is a vector of variables, such that all but n entries are fixed elements of the ground field; the last n entries are identified with the variables . The matrix H(λ) will then have the property that the set (respectively ) contains at least one matrix of every similarity class of cyclic matrices.


In order to significantly increase the yield ofγ-aminobutyric acid produced by Enterococcus lactic,the fermentation medium forγ-aminobutyric acid was optimized.Firstly,the single factors of the fermentation condition such as liquid volume in flask,inoculation amount,carbon source,nitrogen source,and L-glutamate(L-Glu)were determined.Then,on the basis of single factor,the biggest impact factors of the glucose,corn steep liquor,inoculation amount and the fermentation time were obtained by the response surface optimization and the key factors of maximum response area were gained by the steepest grade test.Finally,the key factors were further optimizied by the Box-Behnken experiment design.Four significant factors(glucose,corn steep liquor,inoculation amount and the fermentation time)were 22.0g·L-1,15.0g·L-1,19%,and 48 hrespectively.Under these conditions,the yield ofγ-aminobutyric acid could reach 12.030g·L-1,which increased5.602g·L-1 compared with the yield of the original medium.


. We study the stability and the stability index of the meet game form defined on a meet-semilattice. Given any active coalition structure, we show that the stability index relative to the equilibrium, to the beta core and to the exact core is a function of the Nakamura number, the depth of the semilattice and its gap function.


SPRITE is a NASA far-UV telescope and spectrograph being designed and assembled at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP). SPRITE's mission is UV astrophysics in the 1000 - 1750 Angstroms spectral regime. SPRITE will observe low-redshift galaxies, as well as supernova remnants in the Milky Way. SPRITE's complex science payload is extremely constrained by the volume allocation of the 12U CubeSat form factor. Our solution to deal with SPRITE's volume constraints, is to fabricate solar panels with a high fill factor. With only three deployable single-hinge panels and one body-mounted panel, SPRITE is able to generate 8.5 to 9.7 Watts of power when fully illuminated, using 45 Azur Space AG30A solar cell assemblies. SPRITE is currently finishing the integration and testing phase of its program, with a launch manifested for August 2024.


DOI: 10.2514/1.33479 A self-consistent model for heavy particles (state-to-state master equations) and for free electrons (Boltzmann equation) is presented. The kinetic model was coupled with a fluid dynamics code for quasi-one-dimensional nozzle flow interacting with external electric and magnetic fields. The amplitude of the electric field is controlled by considering a power supply with resistance to limit circuit current. The model can consider any configuration of the fields and it takes into account tensorial electron mobility. Results for argon supersonic expansion are obtained for different field configurations. Nomenclature A = nozzle section


This study used Doppler radar data, surface observations, and National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data to explore the statistical characteristics of Taiwan rainbands (TRs) that formed in the outer region of tropical cyclones (TCs). A comprehensive examination of the available radar measurements from 2002 to 2017 identified a total of 103 TRs from 44 TC events and showed that approximately 47% of all TCs influencing Taiwan could develop TRs. The spatial distribution of TR formation exhibited a substantial offshore extent, with the highest frequency observed ~25–100 km offshore. The TRs tended to be initiated when the northwestward-moving typhoons passed over the oceanic area northeast of Luzon Island (16°–20°N, 122°–127°E), the Philippines. This track characteristic brought stronger easterly onshore flow to the eastern coast of Taiwan and favored the development of a pronounced coastal pressure ridge. In particular, the offshore convergence caused by upstream deceleration of the onshore flow due to orographic blocking was found to be a primary contributor to the initiation of the TRs. The strength of the observed coastal pressure ridge and its high correlation with the intensity of environmental onshore flow associated with outer circulations of TCs were consistent with the theoretical prediction of pressure distributions generated as incident flow interacted dynamically with the Taiwan topography. Results from the study suggest that the typhoon location relative to the Taiwan landmass is a critical factor determining TR initiation.


The position on the question of divine providence of the Aristotelian commentator Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. c. A.D. 200) is of particular interest. It marks an attempt to find a via media between the Epicurean denial of any divine concern for the world, on the one hand, and the Stoic view that divine providence governs it in every detail, on the other.2 As an expression of such a middle course it finds a place in later classifications of views concerning providence.3 It is also of topical interest: Alexander's fullest discussion, in his treatise De providentia (On Providence) (surviving only in two Arabic versions), has only recently been edited and translated,4 although some aspects of his position had long been known from other texts preserved in Greek.5


Microscopic structure of the Zizphus spinesus leaves from the seedlings and the adults were examined and the results indicated that there is a closely relationship between leaf structure and the drought resistant character,and that significant differences in different types of leaves were detected.The results also showed that the leaf structure of different growth stages were different,correspondingly,their drought resistant character were not at the same level.The fully developed palisade tissue,non-spongy tissue and dense stomas in seedling leaves contribute to the high drought resistance of the seedlings;the high CTR value,the high ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue and the thick cuticle contribute to the drought resistant character of the adult Zizphus spinesu.


We propose a simulation environment for the evaluation of 3D coronary tree reconstruction algorithms in rotational angiography. It includes the construction of a 3D dynamic model of the coronary tree from a dynamic sequence of volumes acquired on a multi-slice computed tomography angiography system (volumes reconstructed every 10% of the cardiac cycle), the modelling of the rotational angiography acquisition system to simulate different acquisition and gating strategies and the calculation of radiographic projections of the 3D model of coronary tree throughout several cardiac cycles.


Principal Components (PCA) and Similarity-Graph Clustering (SIMGRA) analyses of morphological and biochemical characters were used to demonstrate the phenetic relationships of the cultivated, weed, and wild forms of the Bolivian diploid potato cultigen Solanum x ajanhuiri and its relatives. Results of both numerical methods supported the proposed intermediacy of cultigens of S. x ajanhuiri (2x) between S. megistacrolobum (2x) and S. stenotomum (2x), its putative wild and cultivated progenitors respectively, while showing the close affinity of these cultigens with sym- patric weed populations. Sisu cultigens, a group of frost-resistant triploids sympatric with S. x ajan- huiri, were interpreted as a heteroploidal hybrid between S. x ajanhuiri and the wild tetraploid S. acaule. This analysis of the products of hybridization involving S. megistacrolobum, S. stenotomum, and S. acaule underline the reticulate nature of the evolution of cultivated potatoes.


The lack of ability of students in learning science in elementary schools and the lack of ability of teachers in providing supportive teaching media according to the characteristics of students who have difficulty causing the learning process cannot achieve the desired results. Thus, it affects the learning process, low learning outcomes, and student' cognitive abilities. Therefore, this study aims to determine the types of educational game-based teaching media in science learning in elementary schools and the effectiveness of using educational game-based teaching media used in science learning in elementary schools. The method used was a systematic literature review using PRISMA diagrams. The database used for the literature search employed three digital libraries, namely Scopus, Springer Link, and WOS (Web of Science). For the selected literature to be relevant, the searcher used the keyword "educational games." In addition, screening was committed to obtaining scientific article publications from 2016 to 2021, which discussed the use of educational game-based teaching media in science learning in elementary schools. The search results for scientific articles contained 36 articles to be analyzed and synthesized. The analysis technique used was a narrative method by grouping the extracted data. The results of this study showed that the types of educational game-based teaching media used in science learning were the mixing method, literature review, qualitative, and experimental method. The use of multi-representation-based teaching materials has been demonstrated to be effective in the science learning process in elementary schools.


After intravenous injections of arsphenamine, neoarsphenamine, silver arsphenamine, sulpharsphenamine and trypharsamide, the instillation of pilocarpine into conjunctival sac causes an increase in the amount of arsenic in the aqueous humor. Eserine after intravenous injection of neoarsphenamine and sulpharsphenamine and arecoline after the injection of sulpharsphenamine gives a similar effect. Repeated paracentesis of the anterior chamber of the eye after injection of the arsenicals results in an equal concentration of arsenic in the aqueous humor. Little or no arsenic enters the spinal fluid of the normal dog. The action of the myotics on the eye generally results in an increase of protein with an accompanying increase of arsenic.


A complex regulatory network controls production of some extracellular macromolecules that Pseudomonas solanacearum strain AWl needs for full virulence on tomato. Expression of genes for extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) and other virulence factors is coordinately controlled by phcA, since inactivation of this gene results in a pleiotropic change called phenotype conversion (PC). PhcA is likely to be a trans-acting DNA-binding protein because it has strong similarity at the amino acid level to the LysR family of transcriptional activators. At least three different insertions were detected within phcA after spontaneous PC, suggesting that random inactivation of this gene is responsible for this phenomenon. Another locus, phcB, is necessary for production by wild-type P. solanacearum strains of a volatile inducer compound that appears to be required for full activity of PhcA. Cell density, and thus levels ofthe endogenous inducer, appear to mediate expression of a Phc.4-regulated eps::lacZ fusion. Expression of eps genes also depends on three additional loci (xpsR, vsrA. and vsrB), two of which encode membraneassociated proteins and thus may serve as environmental sensors. These findings suggest that current concepts regarding the physiology, ecology, and possible strategies for controlling P. solanacearum should be re-evaluated. IN the last ten years there has been substantial progress in elucidating the genetic and biochemical bases of pathogenesis of P. solanacearum. For example, the genes encoding several of the putative virulence factors identified in the 1950s were cloned and subsequently inactivated to test their contribution to the typical wilt symptoms. It is now clear that, in planta, the extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) is the primary virulence factor (Denny and Baek 1991; Kao and Sequeira 1992). whereas the extracellular endoglucanase (EG) and en do-polygalacturonase (endo-PG) enzymes. which may act on plant cell walls, are relatively minor virulence factors (Denny et aL 1990). In contrast to these factors that enhance virulence but are dispensable, the hrp genes are essential for pathogenesis on compatible hosts and the hypersensitive response on incompatible hosts (Boucher et al. 1992). Unlike virulence mutants, strains with one or more hrp genes inactivated grow very poorly in planta (Macol 1989; ·Departments of Plant Pathology and Microbiology. 2105 Plant Science Building, University of Georgia, Athens GA 30602,USA. Trigalet and Demery 1986) and cause no disease symptoms. Despite these and other significant advances, our understanding of the pathogenic processes of P. solanacearum is still incomplete. Not all of the putative virulence factors have been examined (Denny and Schell 1992) and even those mentioned above have not been tested for their role in other aspects of pathogenesis or saprophytic survival. Even less is known about regulation of genes encoding pathogenesisspecific molecules. This paper will discuss some of our recent research on phenotype conversion in P. solanacearum and the associated regulatory net work that controls virulence. Phenotype Conversion Nearly four decades ago Kelman (1954) reported that when P. solanacearum spontaneously changes from a mucoid to a nonmucoid colony morphology there is a concomitant loss of its capacity to wilt plants. These non-mucoid strains are not hrp mutants, because they stilI grow in planta (Denny and Baek 1991) and cause


In this paper,two-point,three-point and four-point discrete boundary value problems,including Neumann boundary value problems and periodic boundary value problems,were studied with a generalized method of upper and lower solutions.


In the present project the times of utilization of the static bikes of the gym POWER HOUSE
GYM were established, by means of the data collection and its later analysis, determining
therefore the average period of use of the static bicycles that is of 4 hours and 12 minutes);
being Saturday the day that less people use the bicycle; the average use of static bicycles is
used for the "design of a 0.6 kW, electric propulsion and electric generation system. The
technical characteristics of the generation system by human propulsion, its place of
installation and its application are established, determining the parameters to be considered
for the design: loads to be fed, system demand, energy consumption determined by lifting of
flow, weight census and with the installation of a flow analyzer (Fluke 365) owned by the
electricity company ELEPCO SA. The electrical calculations were made for the dimensioning
of the generation system by human propulsion; it was obtained that it was necessary to install
two batteries of 316Ah each one to be able to feed the demand of lighting of the gym,
connected in a system of By Pass, that is to say while the battery 1 is feeding the flow, the
second battery would be charging. Finally, connection diagrams and investment budget had
been elaborated.


Introduction: Obesity and Osteoporosis are two morbities that affect general population, being considered a great public health issue. It is known that overweight is installed in much more precocious ages and with a longer life expectation, population aging has resulted in the prevalence of osteoporosis and resulting fractures. Objective: Investigate the impact of body fatness over the acquisition of bone mass in adolescents of both gender, from 10 to 19 years old, considered to be either overweight, obese and extremely obese. Patients and Methods: Adolescents from 10 to 19 years old signed up as new cases at the Teen's Medical Clinic of Botucatu Medical School UNESP, were evaluated clinically and nutritionally as far as weight, height and body mass index (BMI). Those who had shown BMI ≥85 and <95 percentile for their age group according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria (CDC, 2000) were considered overweight, those who were evaluated on equal or above 95 percentiles, were considered obese, and those who had their BMI superior than 99 percentiles, were considered extremely obese. It was performed a dietary survey through a three day food recall and obtained the bone age through the application of the Greulich & Pyle Method (1959). Those considered overweight, obese and extremely obese performed evaluation about the Bone Mineral Content (BMC g) and Bone Mineral Density (BMD g/cm) evaluations through Dual Energy Xray Absorptiometry (DXA), obtained in Lumbar Spine (L1-L4), Proximal Femur, Body Subtotal and Body Total.


Flexible tactile sensors such as haptic gloves can be found in many applications for future robotics and human-machine interfaces such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). Generally, multiple functinalities and low power consumption are important performance parameters to be considered [1]. Currently, most haptic feedback devices utilize piezoresistive materials to detect force signals [2], [3], which in nature have drawbacks in spatial resolution and sensitivity. Piezoelectric sensors are also optional, however, traditional piezoelectric sensors cannot detect static force signals, both of which face challenges in forming a pixelated array which can visualize the haptic gestures. In this work, a flexible tactile sensor formed by a 10×10 pixelated piezoelectric sensor array and its sensor interface circuit is proposed to achieve the haptic visualization of dynamic and static force stimuli.


Soluble fluoride ion in atmospheric deposits collected from Niigata Prefecture, located along the coast of the Sea of Japan, were determined. Soluble fluoride ion was a miner component in the atmospheric deposits. In the long term sampling stations, the averaged non-seasalt fluoride ion (nssF-) concentration ranged from 0.56 to 0.63 μeg l-1, while nssF- deposition flux ranged from 2.43 to 3.91 μeg m-2. d-1. Seasonal variation of nssF- concentrations and deposition fluxes showed a tendency similar to that of non-seasalt sulfate, which was higher in winter and lower in summer.


ABSTRACT There are now dozens, perhaps hundreds, of books and newsletters published every year that are about fund-raising, grantsmanship, non-profit management, and the like. An organization could easily spend several hundred dollars acquiring all of the available literature. This article is not an "all inclusive" review of the fund-raising literature, but rather a survey of some of the better writings–including a few of the di-rectories–on a most important topic. If you acquire all, or many, of the titles listed–and then keep current with the new editions as appropriate–you will have yourself and your library a very good collection from which to draw upon as you pursue moneys from the private sector to supplement your tax-supported budget. Part I reviews books; Part II takes a look at newsletters and Websites.


A numerical study is conducted to investigate the effects of forebody boundary-induced vorticity (FBIV) on the development of the laminar/turbulent boundary layers over modified NACA 0012, NACA 63-218 airfoils having leading-edge rotation. Here, we utilize an implicit finite-difference procedure to solve the two-dimensional compressible full Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations on a body-fitted curvilinear coordinate system. For the subcritical and supercritical flows considered, convergence to steady state is expedited through the use of locally varying time steps. Of special interest to the present study is the effect of varying the leading-edge circumferential speed, and, hence, the strength of the FBIV, on the following: 1) location of the point(s) of laminar and/or turbulent separation, 2) the size of the separated flow region above the airfoil, 3) the strength and location of shock waves, and 4) the computed sectional lift coefficients. Similar to circulation control airfoils, for subcritical onset flows, numerical results have indicated that with such a leading-edge device, aerodynamic lift forces can be augmented without the need to change the airfoil's angle of attack and/or chord Reynolds number. Qualitative comparisons with smoke wire flow visualization results and available experimental data are presented.


This study has examined the impact of financial liberalization and financial inclusion on the black economy in the case of developing countries from 2004 to 2019. The black economy is selected as an explained variable, whereas financial inclusion, financial liberalization, tax collection, level of corruption and political instability are selected as explanatory variables. Panel unit root issue has been checked with the help of PP-Fisher Chi-square (PP-FC), ADFFisher Chi-square (ADF-FC), Im, Pesaran, and Shin W-stat (IPSW), and Levin, Lin & Chu t* (LLC) unit root tests. The fixed-effect model has been used for examining the dependence of the black economy on selected explanatory variables. Panel Granger causality test has been applied for checking the causal relationship among the selected variables. The results show that financial liberalization has a negative and insignificant impact on the black economy. Financial inclusions, the level of corruption, and political instability have a positive and significant impact on the black economy. Tax collection has a negative and significant impact on the black economy. The results of the causality test show that most of the variables have unidirectional causality between each other. Based on estimated results, the developing countries should control corruption, political instability, hence level of financial inclusion and tax collection for the reduction of the black economy.


The growth, fabrication, and device characterization of the light-emitting diodes based on InP quantum-dot within a GaP matrix and on a GaP(100) substrate are described and discussed. The diode structures are grown using gas-source molecular beam epitaxy. Electroluminescence has been measured under a variety of bias conditions and temperatures. A green emission line at about 550 nm appears to result from carrier recombination in the strained InP wetting layer. Carrier recombination in the InP quantum dots results in red emission at about 720 nm.


The causes of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) are unknown. We conducted a large population-based study including 11,039 myeloproliferative neoplasm patients and 43,550 matched controls with the aim of assessing the associations between a personal history of a broad span of autoimmune diseases and subsequent risk of myeloproliferative neoplasm. We found a prior history of any autoimmune disease to be associated with a significantly increased risk of myeloproliferative neoplasms (odds ratio (OR)=1.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–1.3; P=0.021). Specifically, we found an increased risk of MPNs associated with a prior immune thrombocytopenic purpura (2.9; 1.7–7.2), Crohn's disease (1.8; 1.1–3.0), polymyalgia rheumatica (1.7; 1.2–2.5), giant cell arteritis (5.9; 2.4–14.4), Reiter's syndrome (15.9; 1.8–142) and aplastic anemia (7.8; 3.7–16.7). The risk of myeloproliferative neoplasms associated with prior autoimmune diseases is modest but statistically significant. Future studies are needed to unravel the effects of these autoimmune diseases themselves, their treatment, or common genetic susceptibility.


For QPSK, it discussed that the modulated signal was changed because of different frequency-offset or phase-offset. The simulink scheme of QPSK modulation and demodulation was built on MATLAB to discuss on the Characteristic Parameters of QPSK Demodulator, such as Bit Error Rate(BER),Capture Broadband, Synchronous Broadband and Capture Gate, which were affected by the sampling rate of symbol, frequency-offset and phase-offset. It helped to the design, maintaince or measurement of QPSK demodulator.


In Canada, antimicrobial treatment is the most common approach for acute otitis media. The aim of the present study was to compare the cost effectiveness of treatment with amoxicillin versus a watch-and-wait approach (WAIT) within a Canadian pediatric setting. Four hundred eighty-eight children, six months to five years of age, who participated in a randomized controlled trial were included in the study. The average medication costs per patient were higher for the amoxicillin group ($17.26) than for the WAIT group ($4.33). However, both health care ($148.44 versus $162.48) and patient costs ($23.50 versus $31.87) were greater for the WAIT group. The mean cost of treatment for the amoxicillin group was $189.20, compared with $198.68 for the WAIT group. Amoxicillin may be cost effective in treating children with acute otitis media. The potential development of antimicrobial resistance was not addressed in the present study.


Oil and gas exploration conducted in the 1970s left a legacy of abandoned test wells with sumps, containing drilling waste, in the Mackenzie Delta region of Canada's Northwest Territories. One to two years after the wells were decommissioned, a set of sites were seeded with non-native grasses and fertilized to test whether these treatments could accelerate vegetation recovery and prevent erosion. We sampled seeded and unseeded sumps and adjacent tundra vegetation in the Mackenzie Delta region three decades later to examine the impact of post-disturbance seeding treatments on site recovery. Plant species composition and environmental data were collected at 12 sump sites (6 seeded and fertilized and 6 unseeded and unfertilized) in lowland and upland tundra. Multivariate analyses using NMDS and perMANOVA indicated that in the lowlands, seeding and fertilization treatments had small but significant effects on plant species composition that differentiated seeded from unseeded sump caps. Plant communities on sump caps for all treatment types were significantly different from surrounding undisturbed tundra, even after more than 30 years of recovery. Seeded non-native grasses were found on both seeded and unseeded sumps, but not in the surrounding undisturbed tundra. Undisturbed tundra appears resistant to the spread of introduced agronomic grasses, but disturbed areas, such as sumps, provide areas of suitable habitat where non-native plants can persist.


The decays of mesons which proceed through quark loops are described by means of a model based on consideration of four-quark interactions. The decays rho..-->..eta..gamma.., ..omega -->..eta..gamma.., eta'..-->..rho..gamma.., eta'..--> omega gamma.., delta..--> gamma gamma.., delta..-->..eta..pi.., and eta..--> pi../sup 0/..gamma gamma.. are calculated. It is assumed that the role of the fictitious sigma particles in the chiral sigma model is played by the physical resonances epsilon-c and delta. The prediction for the width of the decay eta..--> pi../sup 0/..gamma gamma.. is in good agreement with recent experimental data.


In this report we will outline the relevant background research, the design, the implementation and the evaluation of a distributed web crawler. Our system is innovative in that it assigns Euclidean coordinates to crawlers and web servers such that the distances in the space give an accurate prediction of download times. We will demonstrate that our method gives the crawler the ability to adapt and compensate for changes in the underlying network topology, and in doing so can achieve significant decreases in download times when compared with other approaches.


In the near future, an enormous increase in traffic will be experienced in mobile communication networks due to the introduction of new high bit rate data and multimedia services. Smart antenna systems are recognized as one of the most promising technologies for allocating the capacity demand when employed instead of conventional sector antennas. Network operators need to estimate the actual performance gain that can be achieved with a smart antenna system. This paper presents a technique to introduce smart adaptive antenna schemes in system level simulations based on the statistical performance gain computed in link-level simulations. Results in a typical deployment scenario quantify throughput increases with smart antennas of up to 87 % over conventional sector antennas.


How the lens develops its highly ordered architecture and growth patterns is a major question in developmental biology. During embryogenesis, cells in the anterior and posterior segments of the lens vesicle, differentiate into the epithelial and fibre cells, respectively. Our research has aimed to identify the molecules and mechanisms that regulate the divergent fates of lens cells. We have studied the roles of various growth factors in regulating lens cell fates using rat lens epithelial explant cultures and transgenic and mutant mouse models. Our research has shown that members of the FGF growth factor family are key initiators of lens fibre differentiation in mammals and there is now compelling evidence that a gradient of FGF in the eye controls lens polarity and growth patterns. Recent evidence also supports a role for TGF-β signalling in this process and indicates that a cascade of growth factor signalling may be required for normal fibre differentiation. Less is known about the anterior segment; however, our recent studies point to an important role for the Wnt growth factor family in epithelial differentiation. Growth factor signalling can also cause pathological changes; e.g. TGF-β can destabilise the normal epithelial phenotype and induce aberrant growth and differentiation that mimics the epithelial-mesenchymal transition characteristic of some forms of cataract. These studies highlight the importance of growth factor signalling in regulating the ordered growth and differentiation of the lens. It is also clear that the bioavailabity of some growth factors needs to be tightly regulated so that they act in the appropriate cellular compartment. Some cataracts may be a consequence of disturbed growth factor, particularly TGF-β, regulatory mechanisms.


Summary The effect of 1-β-D-arabinofu-ranosylcytosine on replication of human adenovirus types 2, 7, and 12 in human embryonic kidney, KB, and HeLa cells was investigated. The results indicate that 10 μg/ml of ara-C inhibits replication of these adenoviruses in all 3 human cell types. Inhibition of synthesis of infectious virus ranged from 70 to greater than 99% when yields from infected cultures incubated in the presence of ara-C were compared to drug-free controls. Immunofluorescence studies of infected human embryonic kidney cells revealed that ara-C prevents synthesis of adenovirus viral antigens, but does not inhibit synthesis of adenovirus tumor antigens. However, appearance of the tumor antigen in the presence of ara-C was restricted to fleck- or fiber-like structures in contrast to the appearance of both flecks and globular masses in the absence of the drug. Addendum: Hollinshead and Huebner(19) have obtained similar results to those reported here with adenovirus type 12.


M y previous column, "The Foresight Saga, Redux" (Communications, October 2012), began a discussion that is continued here regarding some lessons learned from the 2012 U.S. November elections. I also pick up on where I left off four years ago in my column "U.S. Election After-Math" (Communications, February 2009). In addition, I reflect on the collateral effects of Hurricane Sandy, along with the needs to anticipate and minimize the potential effects of other natural disasters more generally.


SUMMARY Inorder todetermine themechanism underlying prolongation ofthepre-ejection period inpatients with left ventricular disease, 11patients withcongestive cardiomyopathy and29with coronary arterydisea3e, 10ofwhomwere taking beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, were studied non-invasively. Recordings ofcarotid pulse, andapex,phon-,andechocardiogram were obtained. Intheabsence of treatmentwithbeta-blocking drugs, prolongation ofpre-ejection period correlated closely withincoordinate left ventricular wall movementduring isovolumic contraction assessed fromsimultaneous apexandechocardiograms. There was no correlation between pre-ejection period index(PEPI) and end-diastolic dimension andPEPIcorrelated poorly withfractional shortening andpeakVcf.A PEPI ofgreater than140ms was associated withincoordinate contraction inallbutone case,andofless than140ms withnormal contraction inall. Therapeutic doses ofbeta-blocking drugs caused prolongation ofPEPItoa greaterextentthanwouldhavebeenpredicted fromwall movementduring isovolumic contraction. Incoordinate left ventricular contraction anda negative inotropic effect both therefore prolong PEPI,butbydifferent mechanisms, whoseeffects can beseparated inindividua patients using non-invasive methods based on echocardiography. Prolongation ofpre-ejection period iscommonly usedtodetect thepresence ofleftventricular disease, though themechanism ofthis prolongation ofpre-ejection period isobscure. A reduction in 'contractility' isfrequently invoked, butthis term isnotadequately defined, andmeanslittle morethan thepresence ofclinical evidence ofleft ventricular disease. We have, therefore, measured pre-ejection period andother systolic timeintervals inpatients withischaemic heartdisease orcardiomyopathy, analysing anyimpairment ofleft ventricular function at rest intermsofabnormal cavity size, incoordinate contraction, andreduced peaksystolic rate ofwall movement, measured echocardiographically. Theseobservations werecompared withthose madeduring chronic administration ofbeta-blocking drugs intherapeutic dosage. Methods Systolic timeintervals weremeasured andechocardiographic examinations wereperformed in40 patients, who weredivided intothefollowing groups: Group1:11patients withcongestive cardiomyo


Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of physiological seawater nasal irrigation in treating mild intermittent allergic rhinitis(AR)in children. Methods The patients,aged 5-12 years,who were diagnosed as mild intermittent AR in 4 hospitals in Shanghai were randomly divided into 4 groups:nasal irrigation group,loratadine group,combined treatment group and control group.The clinical efficacy of treatment was assessed based on total nasal symptom scores,sign scores and clinical findings in the 4 weeks treatment duration. Results The study population comprised 255 unrelated individuals,whose symptom and sign scores at baseline didn′t be different significantly(Pa0.05).As for the improvement of symptom scores,the nasal irrigation group took effect at the second week,and the loratadine group did at the third week,in both groups the symptom scores greatly improved(Pa0.05),however,the nasal irrigation group was better.The combined treatment group was superior than the other 2 groups,while a statistically significant difference was found since the first week.As for the improvement of the sign scores,in the nasal irrigation group,the loratadine group and the control group showed statistical difference(P0.05),the nasal irrigation group was better than loratadine group at the fourth week.The combined treatment group showed improvement since the second week compared with the other groups.No adverse reaction from the drugs used in the experiment was observed. Conclusions Physiological seawater nasal irrigation is well tolerated and provides clinical benefits for the patient with AR,and the efficacy will be better if it is combined with antihistamine.


This study identified topics deemed by experts in therapeutic recreation education as being the most essential·on which to develop resources using instructional technology available today. The Delphi survey technique was applied with 20 coordinators of university therapeutic recreation curricula. Identified were 35 topics that were perceived to be the most essential for development of instructional resources. Video productions were generally the preferred mode for the development of instructional resources.


ZEEpod is a tripod-based structure that is designed for shallow water and could be the possible attractive solution for marginal fields. ZEEpod platform for this project is consist of main caisson, guide sleeve, top sleeve, conductors, topside, subsea template, raker piles and bridge. The offshore execution started with installation of the main caisson supporting the deck structure followed by the guide sleeve and top sleeve installation. The raker piles were then inserted via the sleeves and driven to the required penetration depth. Conductors were subsequently driven, and topside was installed afterwards prior setting down the bridge. The platform installation was successfully completed in October 2021.
 It has again proven that the ZEEpod platform is technically feasible for the installation at water depth up to 70m. This technology gives benefits in term of its simplicity in fabrication, transportation, and offshore installation. It has resulted to less complexity of construction, lower resources, simplified loadout method and shortened construction duration. With advantages to have a completed platform component, fit into a single transportation barge and with lower capacity installation crane barge required, it is a cost-effective solution which bring value to the project.
 The aim of this paper is to highlight the concept, engineering analysis and methodology for ZEEpod platform installation as well as the technical challenges during offshore execution. This paper should be an interest to those who seek for alternatives in designing and installing a minimum facilities platform for cost-effective field development at shallow waters.


Forcing method on Bounded Arithmetic was first introduced by J. B. Paris and A. Wilkie in [10]. Then in [1], [2] and [3], M. Ajtai used the method to get excellent results on the pigeon hole principle and the modulo p counting principle. The forcing method on Bounded arithmetic was further developed by P. Beame, J. Krajíček and S. Riis in [4], [7], [6], [8], [5], [12], [11], [13]. It should be noted that J. Krajíček and P. Pudlák used an idea of Boolean valued in [9] and also Boolean valued notion is efficiently used for model theoretic constructions in [7], [6], [8], [5]. In our previous paper [14], we developed a Boolean valued version of forcing on Bounded Arithmetic using Boolean algebra which is generated by polynomial size circuits from Boolean variables and discussed its relation with NP = co-NP problem and P = NP problem. Especially we proved the following theorem and related theorems as Theorems 2, 3 and 4 in Section 2. Theorem. If M[G] is not a model of S2, then NP ≠ co-NP and therefore P ≠ NP. However in the proof of the Theorem, we used a consequence of P = NP. More precisely we used the following as a consequence of NP = co-NP, though it is a consequence of P = NP but not a consequence of NP = co-NP. Suppose that NP = co-NP holds. Then there exists an NP-complete predicate ∃x ≤ t(a) A(x,a) with sharply bounded A(x, a) and a sharply bounded B(y, a) such that ∃x ≤ t(a) A(x,a) ↔ ∀y ≤ s(a)B(y, a). Then there exists polynomial time computable functions f and g such that the following two sequents hold.