Adding catalysts to magnetic polyvalent supports facilitating catalyst recycling and recovery seems feasible. Polymer-modified magnetic nanocomposites for organocatalyst immobilization are a plausible approach to this technology. Here, we present facile and efficient method for 2,2′,6,6′-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy (TEMPO) immobilization onto polymer-modified magnetic nanoparticles under mild reaction conditions. Poly(acrylic acid) was chosen to graft from magnetic nanoparticle through a simple inverse emulsion polymerization technique. The resulting poly(acrylic acid) magnetic nanocomposite is an ideal material to immobilize the organocatalyst 4-hydroxy-2,2′,6,6′-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy (H-TEMPO) via an esterification reaction with pendant carboxyl group on the polymer chain. Instrumental analysis confirmed that poly(acrylic acid) chain was grafted on the silica-coated magnetic particles by this simple method while maintaining their magnetic properties; elemental analysis indicated that TEMPO was efficiently immobilized onto the polymer chain. The catalysis tests under both Anelli and Minisci system showed that the nanocomposite catalyst exhibits proper selectivity and activity for the alcohol/aldehyde transformation. Recycling experiments showed that stability and reusability of the nanocomposite catalyst were satisfying.


This article brings together some of the thinking that seems important in illuminating key aspects of a consultation approach to the work of an educational psychology service. It begins by considering some current forces that influence the pattern of service, and the value of locating these forces historically. Definitions, assumptions and underlying psychological models for a comprehensive consultation approach to educational psychology service are considered, and an outline is offered of how it is carried out, how it works and its outcomes. Common pitfalls regarding consultation and the implications for change in a service context are described.


Optical and magneto-optical properties of maghemite superparamagnetic particles dispersed (f=0.28 vol % γ-Fe2O3) in a silica gel matrix have been studied at room temperature in the 1.5–3.7 eV spectral range. A permanent optical anisotropy can be induced when applying a magnetic field during the sol-gel freezing process. The permanent linear dichroism and birefringence in such in-plane magnetically textured samples are attentively studied. The spectral dispersion of Faraday effects in our textured samples is analyzed taking into account the in-plane optical anisotropy. Such a composite material is a promising candidate for future magneto-optical applications.


High reliability and high availability are perhaps two of the most stringent demands made upon modern complex cyclic machines. Early detection and diagnosis of incipient machine failures, can lead to significant reductions in maintenance and repair costs, and ensure reliable operation of machines such as nuclear generating power plant in a complex operating environment. A most commonly used screening and fault detection method employs the spectral analysis of machine vibrations; usually the low frequency vibration signals obtained using velocity transducers are processed. In this paper, it is shown that conventional methods often fail to identify incipient failures, i.e., the statistical accuracy and the sensitivity of classical methods to incipient failure is poor. A signature analysis called the "θ-Invariant Signature Algorithm" (TISA) is developed and several algorithms based upon this TISA approach are presented. The statistical sensitivities of TISA algorithms and conventional signature methods are c...


ObjectiveTo study the relationship between DNA aneuploidy and proliferative activity and the clinical and pathologic features.MethodsDNA ploidy and cell cycle analysis were analyzed in 119 colorectal fresh cancer apecimens using flow Cytometry and prospectively compared with the CEA in serum,tumor size,tumor morphology,lymph node metastases,Dukes' Classfication,histologic type and grade in colorectal cancer.ResultsThere was no relation between serum CEA and DNA aneuploidy and proliferative activity. Aneuploidy was detected at 56.5% in ulcerating carcinoma, which was significantly higher than 14.7% in bulge carcinoma (P0.01). Aneuploidy was detected at 64.7% in middle and lower grade carcinoma, which was significantly higher than 36.5% of high grade carcinoma (P0.01). No significant differences in aneuploidy were observed with respect to tumor size, lymph node metastases, Dukes' classfication,tumor histologic type.ConclusionsDNA aneuploidy of cancer cell can express the degree of malignancy of colorectal cancer. But proliferative activity does not relate to all the clinical and pathologic features. CEA in serum does not relate to DNA aneuploidy and proliferative activity.


A system performing a method in which a working device (30,40,50,60,220) to a position within the ear, nose, throat or paranasal sinus of a human or animal subject is inserted, said system comprising: a working device (30,40,50,60,220) comprising an elongated shaft, a work item (36,46,64) and a sensor, the sensor (16) located on the elongated rod (32,42,136 being, 62) so that the sensor (16) is positioned within an ear, nose, throat or paranasal sinus of a human or animal subject during the procedure; a guidance system for image comprising at least one transmitter (75) and a computer (78) containing data anatomical images stored, wherein the transmitter (75) operative to transmit signals from at least three transmitter sites located outside the body the subject, the sensor (16) operating being to receive those signals transmitted when the sensor (16) is positioned within the ear, nose, throat or sinus of the subject, the sensor (16) in communication with the computer (78) being and the computer (78) programmed to determine the position of the working device (30,40,50,60,220) within the ear, nose, throat or paranasal sinus of the subject based on signals received from the sensor being, in which the system image guidance further comprises a video monitor (80) displaying an anatomical image of anatomical imaging data and an indicator of the position of the working device (30,40,50,60,220) with respect to the anatomical image, comprising said system further an endoscope (84) which is useful for an endoscopic image, and wherein the computer is configured to make the video monitor (80) showing a) endoscopic image, b) an indication of the position of the device work (30,40,50,60,220) which includes an indication delineating an anatomical surface after a tip of the working device equipped with sensor (30,40,50,60,220) has advanced, or sweep past the anatomical surface in the process of performing a procedure within an ear, nose, throat or sinus paranasal of a human or animal subject so that a current picture of the shape of an anatomical structure that is modified in the process, and c) provides a indicator hidden anatomical structure indicating the location of an anatomical structure which is not visible on the endoscopic image.


We give a cohomological criterion for existence of outer automor- phisms of a semisimple algebraic group over an arbitrary field. This criterion is then applied to the special case of groups of type D2n over a global field, which completes some of the main results from the paper "Weakly commensu- rable arithmetic groups and isospectral locally symmetric spaces" (Pub. Math. IHES, 2009) by Prasad and Rapinchuk and gives a new proof of a result from another paper by the same authors.


'Retraction: Antero Ollila and Mauri Timonen, 'Two main temperature periodicities related to planetary and solar activity oscillations', International Journal of Climatology, Volume 42, Issue 16 (30 December 2022), pp. 10407–10421.


The compound [{Ce(H 2 O) 3 ( − O 2 C-CH 2 -CH 2 -NH 3 + )} 2 (C 2 O 4 )][Ni(S 2 C 2 O 2 ] 2 , 6H 2 O has been prepared by slow evaporation of an aqueous solution of a Ce(III) salt, potassium bis(dithiooxalato) nickelate(II) and β-alanine. Its crystalline structure was solved in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, with a=29.333 (5) A, b=11.301 (1) A, c=15.019 (A) and β=113.80° (1). Both ligands, β-alanine and oxalate, bridge several positions of the cerium atom, while the bis(dithiooxalato) nickelate(II) is branched on the cerium atom. The structure is bi-dimensional along the [100] axis; the bis(dithiooxalato) nickelate(II) anions and the inserted water molecules occupy the interlayer spaces Preparation du compose [{Ce(H 2 O) 3 ( − O 2 C-CH 2 -CH 2 -NH 3 + )} 2 (C 2 O 4 )][Ni(S 2 C 2 O 2 )] 2 , 6H 2 O. Cristallisation dans le systeme monoclinique, groupe c2/c. La structure est lamellaire le long de la direction [100], l'espace interfeuillets est occupe par les anions [Ni(S 2 C 2 O 2 )} et par les molecules d'eau d'insertion


Land resources are the carrier of all resources and environmental factors,which has played an extremely important role in the socio-economic operation.Wushan County is mainly mountainous,the land resources are very barren,the arable land which mostly is sloping land has a poor quality,and the soil erosion is much more serious than other areas.Due to the construction of the Three Gorges Project,a large number of immigrants need to build their new home in place.The pressure which is carried by land is surging.All of the above has hindered the sustainable socio-economic development in Wushan County.In recent years,scholars note that the rational utilization of land resources in Wushan County has a crucial importance on sustainable development and the coordinated development of the human-land relationship in Wushan County.Because of this,the scholars have conducted a preliminary study and have published a number of papers.The number of the research papers which is mainly about ecological footprint of the county scale accounts for 7.83% of the total number of papers of the ecological footprint.The quantity of the papers is very poor and the number of the results of original research is very small.In the process of quantitative analysis of the land carrying capacity in Wushan County,the paper referred to the results of previous studies,and used ecological footprint model to analyze the land carrying capacity in Wushan County from 2005 to 2010,to provide a basis and reference for the ecological building and sustainable development in Wushan County.In this paper,the land of ecological carrying capacity of Wushan County from 2005 to 2010 was analyzed by using the principles and models of the ecological footprint.According to the principles and models of the ecological footprint,this paper calculated the ecological footprint from 2005 to 2010 in Wushan County,the ecological carrying capacity in 2005 and 2010 in Wushan County,and the ecological footprints of production per ten thousand Yuan in Wushan County.On the basis of the computing results,the paper analyzed the tendency of the ecological footprint and the ecological footprints of production per ten thousand Yuan from 2005 to 2010,and analyzed the ecological deficit and surplus in Wushan County.The results show that Wushan County ecological footprint had an increasing trend,increased from 1 812 374.4 hm2 to 1 203 357 hm2.In recent years,the Wushan County ecological footprint increased significantly faster,but the ecological carrying capacity was not much different between the year of 2005 and 2010.Between six years,the ecological footprint of Wushan County significantly exceeded the land of ecological carrying capacity,so that the ecological deficit came out.The per capita ecological deficit grew from 1.336 2 hm2 to 2.194 2 hm2.The consumption of natural resources was far more beyond the resources that the region could supply;as a result,it hindered the sustainable development of Wushan County.The ecological footprint of production per ten thousand Yuan was in the downward trend in volatility in Wushan County.From 2005 to 2010,it decreased by 2.01 hm2,presenting a declining trend.The resource utilization had a gradual increase in efficiency.The output rate of the biologically productive area was increasing.The mode of economic development was developing from extensive,energy-intensive type to an intensive,energy-efficient type.On this basis,time sequence of ecological footprint model from 2005-2010 was established as dependent variable in this study,and according to the change mechanism of regional social and economic development and the ecological footprint,eight social economic development related index was chosen as the independent variable,then the linear regression model was established.Model test result was satisfied,and through correlation analysis,principal component analysis and other methods revealed the strong drive effect from social and economic development index to the per capita ecological footprint.


Drivers are frequently observed interacting with in-car devices despite the well-documented dangers and (financial) penalties of such behavior. It is therefore useful to think about how to make such in-car multitasking situations safer. In this position paper we discuss how the consideration of "natural breakpoints" in tasks can be useful. We discuss the virtues of designing for such breakpoints, but also highlight limitations especially related to people's awareness of their performance.


Introduction In Tome-Acu, Para, Brazil, farmers plant crops to establish a series of successive harvests that is called Agroforestry System of Tome-Acu (SAFTA: Subler, 1993; Tanaka, 1997). Its sequence is similar to natural succession and farmers can use the fields for a long period (Subler and Uhl, 1990; Subler, 1993; Yamada and Gholz, 2002). Based on farmers experience, the mechanism of SAFTA has not been well documented. Especially the change during the succession or the effect of the change on nutrients and carbon (C) flow has not been documented. Thus, the objective of this study was to clarify the change in C flow during succession and its mechanism to clarify the advantage of SAFTA.


The anticipated development of IoT has created a need for this type of technology. This paper proposes a simulator and traffic scheduling mechanism for 6LoWPAN network. The simulator implements the mechanism for building the best route and tracking the status of every available option to ensure the transmission of emergency information as well as recording the number of attempts to retransmit packets.


Caring is a form of nurse's concern for clients. Nurses are required to have the sensitivity and ability to support the trust and well-being of patients. Patient/Parent satisfaction is highly dependent on the caring attitude of the nurse. The better the caring attitude of the nurse to the patient, the more the patient will trust the nurse. Nurse caring behavior is one of the determinants of patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the caring attitude of nurses and the level of satisfaction of the patient's parents in the pediatric ward of Pambalah Batung Amuntai Hospital. Analytic research with a cross sectional approach. Collecting data using a questionnaire. Respondents in the study amounted to 28 people, using probability sampling technique. Data analysis using Chi-Square. The results show that in the pediatric ward of Pambalah Batung Amuntai Hospital, it is known that the caring attitude of nurses in the classification is not good, namely 68% and the level of satisfaction of parents of patients in the less classification is also as much as 64 % The results of the Chi-Square analysis obtained a significant value of 0.019 (p < 0.05). There is a relationship between the caring attitude of nurses and the level of satisfaction of parents whose children are cared for in the pediatric care room at Pambalah Batung Amuntai Hospital.


Objective:To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.Methods:The diagnosis was based on the typical symptom,the endoscopy inspection and the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) experiment;Used medicines and so on PPI to carry on the treatment. Results:In this study,there were 128 cases with typical symptoms,of which 84 cases were diagnosed as EE,36 cases as NERD and 8 cases as Barrett's esophagus by gastroscopy.20 mg sodium rebeprazole was used once a day to treat all 128 cases.The course of treatment was 8 weeks. The symptom relieves 115 examples among them obviously.Conclusion:The typical symptom and the correlation inspection may diagnose the gastroesophageal reflux disease effectively;PPI is the main treatment medicine.


Knowledge is the key that enterprises form persistently competitive superiority in the era of knowledge economy. Also, customer knowledge is one of the most important enterprise resources. On the basis of analyzing the traditional business process, this paper puts forward a reengineered business process based on customer knowledge current to reach constantly improvement and optimization of business process.


A novel approach to detect microcalcification in the mammographic images is presented in this paper. Microcalcification are small tiny spots of calcium having varying size and shapes spread in various part of the breast. The proposed approach is useful to enhance these regions to locate the regions having this type of cancer. The approach makes use of Discrete Wavelet Transform to decompose the image into detailed coefficient. Then these spatial decomposed subbands are subjected a dynamic thresholding technique to enhance the region. This technique eliminates the need to perform the global thresholding. This becomes a pure computer based approach to find malignant and benign microcalcifications.


The invention relates to a method for desulfurizing in ethyl chloride production. The method comprises the following steps: (1), carrying out primary crystallization: in an ethyl chloride chlorination process, heating after chlorination is completed, adding a crystallization aid B, cooling to lower than 50 DEG C under stirring, placing into a filter tank for filtering sulfur, wherein filtrate is an ethyl chloride crude product I; (2), carrying out secondary crystallization: heating the ethyl chloride crude product I, adding a crystallization acid C, cooling to lower than 25 DEG C under stirring, placing into the filter tank for filtering sulfur, wherein the filtrate is an ethyl chloride crude product II; and (3), refining: distilling the ethyl chloride crude product II under reduced pressure to obtain a product with purity over 99%. The method disclosed by the invention has beneficial effects that the method realizes hydrolysis-free chlorination production of ethyl chloride, eliminates production and emission of sewage in the chlorination link, poisonous and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, and the like, and can obtain ethyl chloride crude product II with purity over 96%; and the ethyl chloride crude product II enters a distillation kettle, a finished product with content over 99% is obtained by distilling through a decompression film, and kettle residue is lower than 10%.


A novel adiabatic and phase-stationary (APS) soliton transmission technique based on the sliding-frequency filter and reciprocating dispersion management is proposed. Utilising the proposed technique, 40 Gbit/s single-channel transmission is demonstrated over 4000 km.


Xie et al., Biotechnology and Bioengineering 56(5):577-582, 1997.* Omasa et al. Cytotechnology 8(1): 75-84, 1992.* Wurm. F., Nature Biotechnology 22(11): 1393-1398, published on line Nov. 4, 2004.* Frahm et al., "Improvement of a mammalian cell culture process by adaptive, model-based dialysis fed-batch cultivation and Suppres sion of apoptis," Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng., 2003, 26:1-10. Supplementary European Search Report dated Sep. 9, 2009, in corresponding EP 05819639.5, 7 pages. Page et al., "Growth of Azotobacter vinelandii UWD in Fish Peptone Medium and Simplified Extraction of Poly-8Hydroxybutyrate." Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Dec. 1993, 59(12):4236-4244. Sun et al., "Growth and metabolism of Chinese hamster ovary cells cultured in bioreactor," Journal of Yunnan University, 2002, 24(5):388-392, with English Abstract on last page. Gu et al., "Influence of Primatone RL Supplementation on Sialylation of Recombinant Human Interferon-Y Produced by Chi nese Hamster Ovary Cell Culture Using Serum-Free Media." Bio technology and Bioengineering, Nov. 20, 1997, 56(4):353-360. Zeng et al... "Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Glucose and Glutamine Utilization and Regulation in Cultures of Continuous Mammalian Cells." Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Aug. 5, 1995, 47(3):334-346. Xie et al., "High Cell Density and High Monoclonal Antibody Production Through Medium Design and Rational Control in a Bioreactor." Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 1996, 51:725-729.


Organ development requires precise regulation of both the total number and the different types of cells. It has been shown that these two processes are linked based on mutual regulation between the cell cycle‐regulator Geminin and homeodomain ‐containing transcription factors Hox. To understand the respective molecular mechanism, we conducted structure‐functional study of Cdt1, Geminin, Mcm6 and Hox proteins by NMR and carried out relevant biochemical studies to delineate the structural basis of this regulation (Liu et al (2012) NAR 40, 3208; Zhou et al (2012) PNAS 109, 8931). We also studied histone H4–K20 mono‐methyltransferase, SET8 and its roles in cell‐cycle (Yin et al (2008) Cell Cycle 7,1423). Our results indicate that SET8 is a new cell‐cycle regulator. These works are supported from Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (RGC664109, AoE/M‐06/08, RGC663911, TUYF).


In a unitary state devolution or decentralisation of power engenders the improvement of effectiveness and efficiency in governance as well as in the delivery of public services. Decentralisation entails the reduction of bureaucracy and the broadening of democratic space. It entails empowering stakeholders and communities to actively and effectively participate in decision-making on issues that affect them. As such it is widely courted as a means of enhancing good governance, which also fosters economic development general improvement in the living conditions and standards of communities'. In Zimbabwe, the debate on devolution has been intense and contentious, spanning the country's nearly four decades of independence from British colonial rule. The current Zimbabwean constitution, which came into being 2013 provides for devolution of powers of government from central government to provincial, metropolitan and local authorities. Prior to this constitution, devolution was just a creature of statutes and power was predominantly centralised. The focus of this paper is to analyse the constitutional provisions as well as the dynamics attendant to its implementation. Lamentably, in spite of the constitutionalisation of devolution, it is yet to be implemented, more than five years after the establishment of the constitution, owing mainly to lack of political will, political conflict and weaknesses in the constitutional provisions themselves.


In this paper, we study an equivalence relation on the set of fuzzy subgroups of an arbitrary group G and give four equivalent conditions each of which characterizes this relation. We demonstrate that with this equivalence relation each equivalence class constitutes a lattice under the ordering of fuzzy set inclusion. Moreover, we study the behavior of these equivalence classes under the action of a group homomorphism.


A fixing structure of a refrigerator display is provided to simplify coupling of a display receiving part by forming the display receiving part larger than the display part, so the display part is able to be simply inserted into the display receiving part along guide grooves. A fixing structure of a refrigerator display includes a display receiving part(54) indented by a predetermined size in a front surface of a main body of a door and provided with protrusions(55) at a side. A display part(70) is formed with a size corresponding to the display receiving part and formed with guide grooves(78) fitted by the protrusion for movement into the display receiving part. A front glass(80) closes the display receiving part when the display part is received therein.


Aiming at the difficulty of sensor resource assignment in multi-target collaborative tracking under low detection probability, a strategy for sensor-target assignment is proposed. Firstly, in order to solve the problem that tracking precision of covariance assignment strategy is decreased due to serious data loss under low detection probability, the nearest sensor-target assignment strategy which gives priority consideration to detection probability is proposed. Secondly, in order to solve the problem that the sensor network has low node density and limited number of nodes for tracking under low detection probability, the nearest sensor-target assignment strategy for mobile sensor nodes is proposed by repositioning the mobile sensor nodes. Finally, in order to solve the problem that the nearest sensor-target assignment strategy could lead to low tracking precision and the covariance assignment strategy could lead to data loss, the nearest-covariance assignment strategy is proposed, which considers both the detection probability and tracking precision to repeated nodes. Simulation experiments are used to verify the validity of the proposed algorithms, which indicate that the algorithms can distinctly improve the target detection probability of sensor network as well as the precision and stability of target tracking.


The invention concerns heat exchanger manifolds, in particular in motor vehicle ventilating, heating and/or air conditioning installations. More particularly, it concerns a connection piece (1) designed to be inserted into such a manifold (3). In order to prevent the connection piece (1) from being disengaged from the manifold (3) before soldering the assembly, the connection piece (1) comprises a spout (4) capable of preventing the connection piece (1) from being translated outside the manifold (3).


800x600 800x600 Planning is one of the functions of management , planning, hotel operations in the future it would be best if supported by relevant financial information . The quality of economic decisions in the planning will be increased if supported by the analysis of financial statements better . With the method of analysis of financial statements , both static and dynamic reading will assist management in the company's financial growth trends . Good results of the analysis can be used as a basis for planning and predictions about what will happen in the future . PT Hotel Mandarine Regency Tbk is one business that is engaged in providing hospitality services in Indonesia . From the results of analysis of its financial statements indicate a trend decline in financial performance of the hotel , to the hotel management need to improve the quality of planning the future activities to be more effective and efficient . Improved financial performance is necessary to provide assurance of liquidity , solvency , and profitability is good to investors who have invested their funds in the company . Keyswords : Financial Statement, liquidity, solvency, profitability Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */
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This invention relates to a liquid composition for oral administration comprising ondansetron or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof, a sweetener and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, characterized in that the sweetener comprises one or more alcohols polyhydric and in that the pH of the composition is in a range of from 2.0 to 5.0.


Activating mutations in BRAF are found in 50% of melanomas and are associated with poor outcomes due to constitutive activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Treatment with BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi), such as vemurafenib, is effective but resistance can develop. A major mechanism of resistance involves feedback loop-mediated increased expression of the NRAS gene. Recently, we discovered the NRAS transcript is differentially spliced to give 5 novel isoforms (isos), which differ in their expression, cellular localization and downstream effects. We hypothesized that differential expression of one or more of the isos may contribute to the development of BRAFi resistance. We assessed iso-specific NRAS expression in 14 MM cell lines and melanocytes, and noted a curious expression profile of iso2: while undetectable in melanocytes and BRAFwt MM cells, its abundance was increased in BRAFmut cells, and it was the only NRAS iso highly overexpressed in 3 BRAFi resistant cell lines (p This study indicates for the first time that NRAS iso2 may play a role in BRAFi resistance by facilitating alternative survival signaling through the PI3K pathway in the presence of MAPK pathway inhibition. Targeting NRAS iso2 may be a beneficial treatment strategy in the prevention and management of BRAFi resistance in melanoma. Citation Format: Megan Duggan, Andrew Stiff, Gonzalo Olaverria Salavaggione, Maryam Bainazar, Nicholas Latchana, Joseph Markowitz, Albert de la Chapelle, Ann-Kathrin Eisfeld, William Carson. Identification of NRAS isoform 2 overexpression as a novel mechanism facilitating BRAF inhibitor resistance in malignant melanoma (MM). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 301.


Summary report on the major points from the Workshop on Scientific Communication and Publishing in the Information Age, held in Oxford, 10–12 May 1999, reproduced with permission from the International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications (INASP). The workshop concluded that, while there is much experience to share, problems of access, connectivity and general infrastructure are holding the scientific community back in many countries. Good electronic publishing requires wider access to appropriate skills and knowledge, and the importance of electronic publishing as a direct support for improvement of the quality of science needs to be recognised. There is a need for sustainable economic models for electronic publishing. The importance of collaboration and partnerships was emphasised. Presents a matrix to help countries plan their electronic publishing strategies.


An exploratory experiment found that sorting arrays of random integers using Java 8's parallel sort required only 50%-70% of the time taken using the parallel sort of the Parallel Colt library. Factors considered responsible for the performance advantage include the use of a dual-pivot quicksort on locally held data at certain phases of execution and work-stealing by threads, a feature of the fork-join framework. The default performance of Parallel Colt's parallel sort was found to degrade dramatically for small array sizes due to unnecessary thread creation.


We propose a simple modification to the hydrophobic-polar (HP) protein model, by introducing a new type of monomer, "0", with intermediate hydrophobicity of some amino acids between H and P. With the replica-exchange Wang-Landau sampling method, we investigate some widely studied HP sequences as well as their H0P counterparts and observe that the H0P sequences exhibit dramatically reduced ground state degeneracy and more significant transition signals at low temperature for some thermodynamic properties, such as the specific heat.


The field of diagnostic imaging in Radiology has experienced tremendous growth both in terms of technological development (with new modalities such as MRI, PET-CT, etc.) and market expansion. This leads to an exponential increase in the production of imaging data, moving the diagnostic imaging task in a big data challenge. However, the production of a large amount of data does not automatically allow the real exploitation of its intrinsic value for healthcare. In modern hospitals, all imaging data acquired during clinical routines are stored in a picture archiving and communication system (PACS). A PACS is a medical imaging technology providing economical storage and convenient access to images from multiple modalities. Digital images linked to patient examinations are often accompanied by a medical report in text format, summarizing the radiologist's report and the clinical data associated with the patient (age, sex, medical history, report of previous examinations, etc.). The problem with PACS systems is that they were primarily designed for archival purposes and not for image retrieval exploitation. They therefore only allow a search by keywords (name of the patient, date of the examination, type of examination, etc.) and not by pathologies or by content of the image, and they cannot therefore fulfill the function of diagnostic aid when the doctor is confronted with an image of difficult interpretation or of rare pathology. The objective of this internship is to combine current research in computer vision and AI to implement a method making it possible to query PACS through example images in order to search for images containing similar pathological cases and to benefit radiologists as a potential decision-making aid during hospital routines.


With MOOCs becoming an educational buzzword in India and presaging a revolution in education technology, companies such as Coursera, Udemy and EdX offering undergraduate-level university courses, as the new alternatives to mainstream education are on the rise across India. The paper explores two parts; if a cautious approach needs to be undertaken by participating institutions and governing universities while adopting such MOOC courses as a part of their curriculum and second the inherently confusing aspect of which course or track should the participating student enroll for and the probability of completion of the same, towards gaining course credits and employment. The paper tries to make the reader understand the importance of modulation in content when a multitude of courses and tracks are presented to a user. The finding presents two unique insights, the first being would a user be it a student or teacher go astray in exploring as many domains in such MOOC content even if he/she may not belong to that primary domain and second, would student registration and completion of particular courses point to a lacuna in current course offering and could such courses be offered as electives under the mentorship of professors considering a cluster demand for the same is clearly seen from the learning analytics.


The magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 has attracted a lot of research interests for its exotic properties due to the interplay between nontrivial topology and magnetism. Here, we report the photocurrent (PC) response of MnBi2Te4 flakes under the excitation wavelengths between 633 nm and 4000 nm measured by scanning PC microscopy. We observe a significant polarization dependent PC response at the interface between metal electrode and MnBi2Te4, while the PC response remains polarization-independent at MnBi2Te4 layer steps. The polarization dependent PC at the MnBi2Te4-metal electrode interface, which is attributed to the polarization dependent light absorption at the interface, preserves in the whole tested wavelength range. The responsivity of the device is 80 μA W−1. This responsivity as well as PC polarity is consistent with the results calculated based on a photo-thermoelectric generation mechanism, thus we infer that photo-thermoelectric effect dominates in the PC generation at MnBi2Te4-metal interface. Our results reveal the photoelectric response mechanism of the emerging material MnBi2Te4 for its potential optoelectronic applications.


An NMR imaging method for measuring a magnetization distribution of an article under test, particularly the magnetization distribution including a longitudinal relaxation effect, by a Fourier imaging method with identification of polarity of the magnetization distribution. A homogeneous phantom is measured by the Fourier imaging method and image-reconstructed so that a reference image data which reflects a phase rotation inherent to an NMR imaging apparatus is obtained. Then, a magnetization distribution of an article under test is obtained in a similar measurement and image reconstruction sequence, and products of the reference image data and the image data of the article under test are stored as the signs to represent the polarity of magnetization of the article under test.


The article assesses the effectiveness of enforcement of the federal law «On implementation of Urban Development Code of the Russian Federation» № 191-FZ of 29 December, 2004 aimed at construction costs improvement. Data analysis and correlation is run. The sources of data are Russian State Statistics Service, Federal Arbitration Court, arbitration/commercial courts, and surveys concerning merit rating for legal rules provisions regulating auctioning for residential construction land property and aimed at construction costs improvement. The article identifies patterns of abuse committed while auctioning for residential construction land property. Based on the results of the analysis run, the author suggests measures for amending rules of allotting residential construction land property, for identifying and terminating abuse committed while auctioning.


In recent years, classical Internet applications have been accompanied by the surging of a great variety of new services and exciting possibilities. Among such broad range, two particular phenomena are highly successful: Online Social Networks (OSNs) and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) services. This paper merges these distinct worlds, via the proposal of a P2P streaming system that takes advantage of the friendship relationships of an underlying OSN, to better distribute videos among the overlay peers that are also friends within the OSN. A category of privileged users is therefore created, that is guaranteed a satisfying viewing experience when the P2P overlay operates in critical conditions, i.e, when bandwidth availability is scarce. We show that the help of direct friends, two-hops away friends and, in the limit, of the entire OSN community brings in considerable advantages to the peers that are OSN members. In particular: the number of those among them that are able to download the entire video significantly increases; the number of video portions they can obtain consistently raises; as desired, when the P2P system is operating in underloaded conditions, a proper functioning is guaranteed to all of its nodes, regardless of their being members of the OSN or plain P2P users.


Our country is developing and step by step growing to become developed one, Science growing in every field like production, agriculture, service sectors etc. but on other side it's  effects are harmful to human as well as  nature .Science has been a mixed blessings. It has been a boon and blessing in certain fields; it has also proved a curse and bane in many others one of them is called pollution, Pollution is the introduction of contaminants in to the natural environment that causes harmful and adverse effects on living beings. Major form of pollution include: Air pollution, light pollution, noise pollution, plastic pollution, soil contamination, radioactive contamination, thermal pollution, visual pollution, water pollution.


Jurisdiction — Territorial — Exemptions from and restrictions upon — Public ships and other property of foreign States — Sovereign immunity — Failure of foreign sovereign to raise defence of sovereign immunity at appropriate time — Whether amounting to waiver — Where no suggestion of immunity by United States Executive — The law of the United States of America.


Taking the secondary effluent from a printing and dyeing wastewater treatment station as the experimental water,the influences of different preatment methods(sand filtration,microflocculation and microflo-cculation-direct filtration) on UF membrane performance and pollutants removal were investigated.The results showed that,along with time passing,sand filtration caused irreversible membrane fouling.The membrane fouling condition could be relieved by microflocculation,and be improved by microflocculation-direct filtration.All of the above pretreatment methods could ensure the effluent turbidity less than 0.1 NTU,the removal rate of CODCr by microflocculation direct filtration was close to 70%.Microflocculation-direct filtration could effectively relieve the membrane fouling,and had good turbidity and organic pollutants removal performance,which showed it was a good preatment process.


From their earliest days, movies have touched on religious subjects— sometimes directly, by dramatizing the lives of major figures or depicting important events, sometimes more indirectly, by raising questions of faith and morality in a variety of settings. At the same time, theologians, clergy and interested laypersons have not hesitated to evaluate the film industry and its products. As an academic discipline, however, film-and-religion is still rather young. Its maturing process can be examined by perusing the fourteen fascinating annual volumes of the online Journal of Religion and Film, published by the Department of Philosophy and Religion of the University of Nebraska at Omaha (www.unomaha.edu/jrf). Articles published there, as well as the lengthening bibliography of other works, reveal much erudition. Nevertheless, writers have often tended to betray backgrounds in either film studies or theology and religious studies, and to work from those distinct perspectives. It is more unusual to find a scholar as well versed in theology as she is fluent in the concepts of cinema studies.


The effect of growing conditions on chemical composition, cholesterol percentage and characterization of total lipids was determined for Nile Tilapia and Pargo, both species of river water and seawater, which present high consumption and are very well appreciated in the Brazilian Northeast. Tilapia fishes were analyzed under three different conditions: I- Tilapia growing in river water; II) Tilapia adapted to sea water; III) tilapia "reverted' in river water. The percentage of moisture, ash, protein total, total fat, cholesterol, neutral lipids and phospholipids were determined. Cholesterol levels were respectively 10.05; 8.22; 8.75 and 12.75mg/100g in tilapia samples I, II, III and Pargo fish. Neutral lipids changed from 59.0 to 68.9%, and phospholipids from 17.1 to 31.0% in tilapia fishes, also Pargo presented variations from 59.5 to 72.5% for neutral lipids and from 25.1 to 34.1% for phospholipids. The total recuperation of phospholipids changed from 85.4 to 97.7%. The fat content in tilapia changed from 0.59 to 0.99%, while in Pargo it was 1.18%. Neutral lipids were predominant in both species. Even when submitted to stressing conditions Tilapia presented excellent nutritional qualities and low percentage of cholesterol, qualities which were also observed in Pargo fish.


Anna Vassall and colleagues discuss the need for, and challenges facing, innovative and sustainable financing of the HIV response. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary


number affixed reflecting the chronology of discover~2. This nomenclature is now widely accepted. Annexin proteins have meanwhile been identified in animals from widely separated phyla such as Poriphera 3 ~nid~ri~.'~, Arthropod5 and ~hc~rd~.tar'®~~. Within the subphylum of vertebrates a high structural conservation of individual annexins appears between different species. Evolution of the family is hypothesized to have occurred by duplication events of a progenitor gene containing the code encompassing the endonexin loop consensus sequence' 5 Resolution of the tertiary structure of Annexins I and V


Blood sugar levels are elevated in diabetes mellitus (DM), the most prevalent metabolic disorder. Insulin deficiency or ineffectiveness is the primary cause of hyperglycemia, affecting carbs and protein, and fat metabolism. Diabetes mellitus can be of two types, type 1 and type 2. Apart from this, a certain amount of people suffers from prediabetes. Type 1 diabetes insulin-dependent dent diabetes happens when the pancreas produces less or no insulin, so these patients require insulin doses frequently. A patient has type 2 diabetes if the cells don't respond to insulin. This is the most common kind of diabetes and affects 95% of people with diabetes. It is an insulin-independent type of diabetes. Nearly every organ in the body is affected by DM. Microvascular and macrovascular problems are caused by diabetes mellitus. Nephropathy (disease of the kidney), retinopathy (eye damage), and neuropathy (nerve damage) are examples of microvascular complications, whereas macrovascular complications include blood vessels, arteries, and veins, e.g., peripheral artery disease, cerebrovascular events, etc. Retinopathy is a visual manifestation of end-organ damage. Neuropathy is of two types: symmetrical and asymmetrical. Symmetrical neuropathy is primarily sensory and autonomic, whereas asymmetrical neuropathy may be sensory, motor, or both. Diabetes is a long-term medical condition, and no medications are available to treat the secondary issues in today's market; it cannot be cured but may be controlled by a healthy lifestyle. Continuous, frequent glucose hemostasis is critical.


We propose a fast calculation method of a computer-generated hologram (CGH) using an approximate Fresnel integral. Calculating a Fresnel integral requires the calculation of a numerical integral, which consumes computational time. When generating a CGH using a Fresnel integral, it is difficult to calculate it in real-time. Instead of a Fresnel integral, we use an approximate Fresnel integral without a numerical integral. In addition, we use an look-up table with small memory and multi-thread technology on a CPU in order to accelerate the generation of the approximate Fresnel integral. We show a numerical experiment that enables a CGH from a simple scene consisting of rectangular patches to be calculated in real-time on a PC.


DNA-specific stains, and it has been postulated that these misleading results are a consequence of staining of keratin bodies which have the same morphological characteristics as MN when non-DNA-specific stains are used [3, 4] . It is known that the cervix epithelium contains different types of keratins (namely 1, 6, 15, 16, and 20) [6] . Therefore, the use of stains that are nonDNA specific may lead also in this cell type to an overestimation of the MN rates. It is, furthermore, well known that keratin is produced in all types of epithelial cells that are under stress which can be induced by infection and mechanical or chemical stimuli [7] . One such stimulus can be Candida infection inducing of oxidative stress in cervical cells. In the framework of the ANSEF Award (USA) we investigated in 2000–2003 MN in cervical cells of gynecological patients. In our study [8] , we found an increased rate of MN in patients with cancer of the cervix uteri and in HPV-infected women who did not have cancer. In addition to the two aforementioned groups, we also analyzed exfoliated cells from 25 women with genital candidiasis [in preparation]. Four slides were prepared from cells of each woman and cells were stained with Dear Editor, I read with interest the paper of Safi Oz et al. [1] . Since our group also studied micronuclei (MN) in exfoliated human epithelial cells we have taken a special interest in the findings. The main message of the study is that genital candidiasis is a genotoxic factor which can increase the rate of cells with MN 4.4-fold. The authors wrote in the Introduction that some infectious agents increase the number of MN in epithelial cells. While this is true for viruses and some parasites, e.g. Schistosoma , the genotoxic activity of Candida albicans is not known. Recently Reis Campos et al. [2] also reported about the increased rate of MN in cervix cells of Brazilian women with candidiasis (number of MN not specified). In our opinion, MN induction in exfoliated cervical cells occurs not because of Candida infection but due to the use of inappropriate staining of exfoliated epithelial cells. Safi Oz et al. [1] used Papanicolaou staining for cervical cells, and Reis Campos et al. [2] used Giemsa staining. The staining method has a strong impact on the outcome of MN studies with exfoliated epithelial cells [3–5] . It has been shown with buccal cells that the MN rates are overestimated with the use of nonReceived: August 11, 2015 Accepted after revision: August 12, 2015 Published online: October 20, 2015


The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the integration interaction between an insurance company and a bank. The process of integrating the resources of "Liberty Insurance" JSC by "Sovcombank" Group is analyzed; the causes and consequences are identified. The directions of further development of the established company "Sovcombank Insurance" JSC, aimed at improving the efficiency and profitability of the business, are listed. The main advantage for "Sovcombank Insurance" JSC is the synergy with all the bank's business lines for further development of products and services. For Sovcombank PJSC, it is the consolidation and completion of a large – scale business transformation, turning into a universal bank that provides a full range of services.


The $sup 26$Mg($sup 7$Li,$sup 8$B)$sup 25$Ne reaction at 78.9 MeV was used to measure the mass-excess of $sup 25$Ne (-2.18 +- 0.10 MeV) and several low- lying excited states. Mass-excesses for $sup 43$Ar (-31.98 +- 0.07 MeV), $sup 45$Ar (-29.727 +- 0.06 MeV), and $sup 46$Ar (-29.732 +- 0.07 MeV) were determined from the $sup 48$Ca($alpha$,$sup 9$,$sup 7$Be)$sup 43$,$sup 45$Ar reactions at 77.7 MeV and the $sup 48$Ca($sup 6$Li,$sup 8$B)$sup 46$Ar reaction at 80.1 MeV. Several excited states of $sup 43$Ar and $sup 45$Ar were observed. These and the excited states of $sup 25$Ne are compared with theoretical predictions. Ground state differential cross sections are given for all reactions, ranging from 0.1 to 1 $mu$b/sr at forward angles. Upper limits of about 1 to 25 nb/sr were determined for the ground state cross sections of the reactions $sup 48$Ca($alpha$,$sup 8$,$sup 10$,$sup 11$B)$sup 44$,$sup 42$,$sup 41$Cl and $sup 48$Ca($alpha$,$sup 10$-$sup 13$C)$sup 42$-$sup 39$S at 110 MeV. Recoil coincidence techniques were used to measure the mass-excess of the particle- unbound nucleus $sup 10$Li(33.83 +- 0.25 MeV) by the $sup 9$Be($sup 9$Be,$sup 8$B)$sup 10$Li reaction at 121 MeV; the ground state cross section was 30 nb/sr. The $sup 14$C($sup 9$Be,$sup 8$B)$sup 15$B reactionmore » at 120 MeV was also investigated using coincidence techniques. Contamination problems only permitted determining a ground state cross section upper limit of 50 nb/sr. A simple mass relation is derived, similar in approach to the Garvey-Kelson method but taking more explicit account of shell effects. Comparison is made with the Garvey- Kelson relation, and predictions of masses and of the stability of neutron-excess light nuclei are given for both methods. The modified mass relation is shown to offer better account for highly neutron-excess nuclei, including the values reported here for $sup 25$Ne and $sup 43$,$sup 45$,$sup 46$Ar. (26 figures, 2 tables, 66 references) (auth)« less


Because volatile organic compounds(VOCs) are one of the most important precursors of tropospheric ozone,understanding their characteristics and sources are of great significance in controlling ozone.The contents of VOCs,O3,NO2,temperature and UV radiation were simultaneously monitored by online method from 10th August to 18th September 2006 at Wuqing Meteorology Bureau in a Tianjin suburb.In addition,the concentrations,propene-equivalent concentrations(Prop-Equiv),and OFP of the VOCs were investigated from September 10th to 15th during an ozone episode.The results showed that: 1) the mean mixing ratio of hourly VOCs was about 24.6×10-9;2) alkanes were the most abundant components followed by alkenes and aromatics,and vehicle emissions,light hydrocarbon industrial processes,biogenic sources,biogas and hydrocarbon solvents were their major sources.According to assessment using both the OH-reactivity-based method(Prop-Equiv) and maximum incremental reactivity,alkenes were shown to play a dominant role in photochemical ozone production,and isoprene,propene,xylene and toluene were the top compounds with the highest ozone formation potential.VOCs in the suburban and urban areas of Tianjin City were different,not only in the chemical composition,but also in their chemical-reactive species.


Background: Upper third defects of the ear are too large to be closed primarily without distorting the auricle. Full thickness defects can be reconstructed with local flaps. In this article, Davis flap was used to fill the upper third defects of the ear with some modifications. Patients and methods: Eight patients underwent reconstruction of full thickness auricular defects with Davis flaps from July 2012 to December 2014. The posterior surface of the flap and the raw area of conchal area were covered by full thickness graft taken from posterior surface of ear. Results: All flaps survived. No congestion was noted. The donor sites and skin grafts healed uneventfully. Conclusion: Davis flap is a simple and reproducible tool for reconstruction of upper third of ear.


The used background and concept of the breakaway supports are given.We mainly study the me- chanics property of the breakaway pole with a fractural base.Simply,we design special screws with "aU"cir- cumferential notch using Izod impact test.Finally,the designed structure is simulated by Ansys software.


Expert witnesses have told MPs that the recently announced 3.4% a year funding boost for the NHS, though welcome, was still not enough. They also remained sceptical about whether it could be funded from a "Brexit dividend" and called on the NHS to make urgent plans in case of a no-deal Brexit.

The House of Commons Health and Social Care Committee questioned witnesses on the implications of the five year funding plan, which would mean the NHS receiving an additional £20.5bn a year.12

Chris Ham, chief executive of the health think tank the King's Fund, gave a qualified welcomed to the announcement. But he said that it fell short of the 4% extra a year that the King's Fund and fellow think …


We report the first CW room temperature mid-infrared (λ=2.0μm) laser heterogeneously integrated on silicon. Molecular (polymer-free) wafer bonding of InP to Si is employed. III-V tapers transfer light from a hybrid III-V/silicon optical mode into a Si waveguide mode. Polished Si facets form a Fabry-Pérot laser cavity.


The animal driven rotary mode system was evaluated to generate electricity for battery charging. The cost economics of electricity generation and storage was worked out. The ponies energy in rotary unit to generate the electricity for battery charging was best utilized with proper work-rest cycle and nutritive feed. Fatigue score was found to be increased with duration of work. The physiological responses of the pony viz. pulse rate, respiration rate and rectal temperature increased with duration of work whereas speed of operation decreased. Time of charging was depended on the size of the battery as 35 Ah battery required 6 hour for full charging. The alternator started emitting current at 1265 rpm and at this stage the battery started drawing current. Voltage increased and current drawn decreased with the state of charging. The power output reduced with reduction in current drawn. Battery charging was recommended at 50 percent discharge level. After excluding the cost of animal and labour the cost of battery charging comes out to be Rs 9.62/h and total cost for charging a battery of 35 Ah was found to be Rs 57.72.


In this paper, we present a high-accuracy model for blueberry yield prediction, trained using structurally innovative data sets. Blueberries are blooming plants, valued for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Yield on the plantations depends on several factors, both internal and external. Predicting the accurate amount of harvest is an important aspect in work planning and storage space selection. Machine learning algorithms are commonly used in such prediction tasks, since they are capable of finding correlations between various factors at play. Overall data were collected from years 2016–2021, and included agronomic, climatic and soil data as well satellite-imaging vegetation data. Additionally, growing periods according to BBCH scale and aggregates were taken into account. After extensive data preprocessing and obtaining cumulative features, a total of 11 models were trained and evaluated. Chosen classifiers were selected from state-of-the-art methods in similar applications. To evaluate the results, Mean Absolute Percentage Error was chosen. It is superior to alternatives, since it takes into account absolute values, negating the risk that opposite variables will cancel out, while the final result outlines percentage difference between the actual value and prediction. Regarding the research presented, the best performing solution proved to be Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm, with MAPE value equal to 12.48%. This result meets the requirements of practical applications, with sufficient accuracy to improve the overall yield management process. Due to the nature of machine learning methodology, the presented solution can be further improved with annually collected data.


The paper includes review of studies investigating the role of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction training for somatic health. Presented data describe how MBSR affect physiology as well as benefits of mindfulness based interventions for patients suffering from variety of somatic disorders. The results of analyzed studies seems to be very promising however due to some methodological limitations more research in the area is needed.


A naturally occurring conversation between friends about 'the good old days' is treated with special attention to one embedded story, about 'Shushan's wife'. A close analysis of the entire conversation demonstrates how participants may combine nostalgia with counter-nostalgia and resistance to the past. The embedded story thus acquires different, even contradictory, meanings depending on the amount of conversation considered as 'the text'. Following the conversation as it develops reveals a circular structure anchored in different aspects of contexts. This multilayered approach to content and performance allows for a better understanding of ways in which language represents, creates, and reconciles social relations.


Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document describes a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv4 (DHCPv4) option that can be used to exchange information about a DHCPv4 client's fully qualified domain name and about responsibility for updating the DNS RR related to the client's address assignment.


Between 1980 and J une , 2002 , transurethral resection of prostate was performed aginst 3294 cases ofbenign prostatic hyperplasia , and 144 cases ofstage A cancer were detected (4.4%). Among these cases , 136 cases which had complete records of examination were studied. Annual number of stage A and Al : A2 ratio were not influenced by introducing PSA determination from 1991 , although the number of Tlc has been increasing gradually. Since subclassificatio n of stage A is different between japanese rules (Al ; 3 chips of cancer with well-differentia ted adenocarcinoma , A2 ; others) and TNM (Tla; 5% ofless number of chips with cancer , Tlb ; others) , two criteria were compared. Coincidence was found with 93.7% , and disagreement was due to ratio of number of chips with cancer to whole number resected , or different grade. The former difference was caused by a larger or smaller prostate. Most cases of Al and A2 were subjected to watchful waiting or subsequent therapy. PSA was elevated in 10 cases (7%) , two of which died from progression of cance r. Other cases were disease-free. Individual pathological findings are important for subclassificatio n of stage A


In this study, the authors study the optimal guaranteed cost control problem for a class of non-linear uncertain systems based on adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) with concurrent learning. A neural network-based approximate optimal guaranteed cost control design is developed not only to ensure the system stability for all admissible uncertainties but also to achieve a minimal guaranteed cost. First, the optimal guaranteed cost control problem is transformed into an optimal control problem of the nominal system by properly modifying the cost function to account for all possible uncertainties. Then based on ADP, an adaptive optimal learning algorithm is proposed for the nominal system by using a single critic network with concurrent learning to approximate the solution of Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. To relax the demands of the persistence of excitation condition, the recorded past data are used simultaneously with the current data for the adaptation of the critic network weights. Besides, an additional adjusting term is employed to stabilise the system and relax the requirement for an initial stabilising control. Moreover, uniform ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by using the Lyapunov approach. Finally, three simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


GIS technology was applied to study some factors that affect the evaluation of engineering geology in Xi'an city,the technology of obtaining data sources and the method of setting up spatial attribute databases were discussed,the means of using the code of fundamentalfeature and the code of thematic feature to record features were put forward.Several problems needed to be paid attention to in the establishment of serial maps.The study gave engineering geology environment of xi'an city a comprehensiveevaluation and put in order by the result of the degree of likelihood and gratification of the six regions selected.The evaluation results,which can provide important references to the governmental planning,were consistented with the reality situation.


Quantitative olfactory testing is essential to determine the validity and nature of a patient's complaint, accurately monitor changes in function over time (including influences of pharmacological, surgical, or immunological interventions), detect malingering, and establish disability compensation. This work describes the clinical validation of an advanced rapid odor detection threshold test that standardizes odorant delivery and eliminates unsanitary sniff bottles, the need for blindfolds, and the possibility of touching an odorant stimulus to the nose.


Mobile devices can transmit the mobile operator confirmation request to the mobile operator confirmation server to check whether the mobile network operator of the mobile device. This request includes a mobile operator confirmation data, the mobile operator confirmation data can include data that is stored in a memory of the stored and the mobile device to the smart card of the mobile device. Validation server has a check engine, check engine determines whether the confirmation data satisfies any of the plurality of mobile operator rules. If satisfied a rule, mobile operator confirmation data is stored in to and the mobile device sends to the mobile device. Mobile device, the mobile operator confirmation data to share with online market of mobile equipment provider, it is possible to take advantage of the trading relationship between the mobile operator and the mobile device provider. Checking mobile operators are also useful to determine the appropriate charging method, to ensure that the brand information suitable mobile operator is presented to the mobile device.


: Urban geographic space, climate, and transportation system are interrelated, and recently available traffic and spatial big data bring new opportunities for understanding the relationship among them. Urban rail transit is an important transport mode for residents to travel green and relieve traffic congestion in big cities in China. In- depth study of factors that affect the changes in the spatial and temporal distributions of metro passenger flows is conducive to the formulation of reasonable land use and traffic demand management policies, and can also provide a theoretical basis for real-time response to the changes in travel demand under specific weather conditions and optimization of transit service operation. To study the impact of weather conditions on metro usage in densely populated areas, in this research the influence of local weather factors (including temperature, humidity, rainfall and so on) on hourly metro passenger flows was investigated based on metro smart card data and weather data from Nanjing City, China. A time series model—seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with explanatory variables (SARIMAX)—was developed to investigate the impact of weather conditions on metro passenger flows. It is found that some weather factors such as rainfall have significant influence on metro passenger flows. Except for some special sites (large residential areas and large transportation hubs), the influence of weather factors on metro passenger flows reduces gradually from the city center to suburban areas. The effects of weather conditions on regular metro passengers and irregular metro passengers were explicitly compared in this study. Irregular metro passengers are found more vulnerable to adverse weather conditions than regular metro passengers.


Since 2010, the northern geopolitical zones in Nigeria witnessed increasing bomb attacks from Boko Haram, the suicide bomb attacks on the Nigeria Police Force Headquarter, the United Nations House in Abuja, and the St Theresa Catholic Church, Madalla are examples. The frequency of attacks and the scale of violence were a challenge to the Nigeria Government, prompting the need for a review of the nation's capacity to respond to threats from terror groups. This study seeks to understand terrorism threats in Northern Nigeria and to assess the current preparedness and response capacity to similar future events. The study is limited to bomb attacks with the use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs), vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices (VBIED) and suicide bomb attacks. The assessment shows that measures adopted to check the attacks such as counterterrorism legislation (The Antiterrorism Prevention Act), training and simulation exercises, resources of funds and personnel, early warning mechanisms, and coordination systems were inadequate to mitigate threats.


Fimbristylis agasthyamalaensis , a new species belonging to section Fuscae from Western Ghats, India is described and illustrated with photographs. The species shows some morphological similarities with F. onchnidiocarpa , but differs in having three stamens, larger anthers, 1–3 slightly twisted spikelets, smaller involucral bracts and obconical nutlets with cupular stipe. Its distribution, ecology and conservation status are also discussed.


In architecture and urbanism, the issue of accessibility in the cities is still little explored and debated. In order to have inclusive open spaces, it is necessary to consider the aging process and the spatial needs that arise over time. In this paper, spatial accessibility is understood through its four components: spatial orientation, communication, displacement and uses, because accessibility cannot be seen as an isolated activity, but as a set of actions that allow the participation of people in spaces. Thus, cities and their spaces need to be adequate to attend all people, especially considering the aging population. This paper aimed to systematize the spatial needs of the elderly in open spaces. For this, there was a literature review and theoretical discussion on the aging process, users' needs and spatial accessibility. The study allowed the development 1 Doutora em Arquitetura e Urbanismo pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Graduada em Arquitetura e Urbanismo pela Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Professora de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. 2 Graduanda em Arquitetura e Urbanismo pela Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. E-mail: email@example.com. 3 Doutora em Engenharia de Produção pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Graduada em Arquitetura e Urbanismo pela Unisinos. Professora de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. of synthesis tables that correlate the components of spatial accessibility to the spatial needs of the elderly and also suggests some project solutions that minimize the difficulties of the elderly in open spaces.


The aim of this review was to systematically review and synthesize observational evidence of associations between children's naturally varying contact with people with disabilities and their attitudes towards disability.


Recently,chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been widely applied to the large-scale synthesis of graphene on various metal substrates.As a powerful and direct imaging method,scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been used to study the microscopic morphologies of graphene on metal substrates,for the purpose of further optimizing the growth parameters.This review presents the recent progress in the controlled growth of graphene on Cu foils,Pt foils,and Ni substrates,as well as the research of the microscopic morphologies,defect states,and stacking orders of graphene.Monolayer growth of graphene on Cu and Pt foils follows a surface catalyzed growth mechanism,while bilayer graphene growth follows an epitaxial growth mechanism.After the formation of a bilayer,the corrugated substrate breaks the planar conjugated π bonds of graphene,inducing a binding configuration change from sp2 to sp3.Then,pristine wrinkles are introduced by the thermal expansion mismatch between graphene and the metal substrates.Finally,the roughness of graphene on the Pt foils is considerably less than that of graphene on Cu foils,and the multifaceted interweaving Pt substrate has almost no effect on the in-plane continuity of graphene.


ABSTRACT Objective: This paper aims to understand the recent trends and correlation of tobacco use and factors associated with an attempt to quit smokeless tobacco (SLT) use among adults from Northeast India. Methods: We used data from two rounds of the cross-sectional Global Adult Tobacco Survey. The paper applied proportion test statistics to examine the change in the prevalence of tobacco use between the two periods. Binary logistic regression was applied to determine the associated risks of tobacco use. Results: Prevalence of SLT use among adults increased significantly by 3.9% from 2009-10 to 2016–17. In the same period, the prevalence of smoking had declined by 2.4%. Increase in use of SLT use was more prominent among women and illiterate adults, rural and poor households, while a decrease in prevalence of smoking was observed among adults. A significant proportion of educated people, students, and homemakers, reported that they had quit smoking; however, the proportion of attempts to quit SLT had increased significantly among older adults, rural residents, and those with low education levels. Conclusions: Actions involving the community, youth, women, the less educated and poor adults are necessary to encourage them quit SLT use and smoking in the north-eastern states of India.


The article represents an analytical review of modern oral history researches made in the republics of Central Asia. The author considers the place and the role of oral history as one of new historical research methods for the region; analyses works of scholars from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan who study application of oral history methods in humanitarian research; identifies main directions and findings in oral history research in the countries of the region (the "oral history of women", oral history through the eyes of contemporaries, history of political repression of the 1930s, etc.). The article also shows that a lot of oral history projects are being developed on the basis of various institutions (Academy of Sciences, universities, museums, non-governmental, non-profit organisations) and notes prospects of such projects. The author emphasizes that historiography of oral history in Central Asia remains relatively undeveloped in terms of both quantity and quality, as oral history just starts to develop as a direction and a research method within historical science of the Central Asia. The scientific novelty of the materials presented in the article involves identification of specific features and functionality of oral history which shape the overall regional history of Central Asia.


Semantic information about entities, specifically, how close in meaning two mentions are to each other, can become very useful for the task of co-reference resolution. One of the most well-researched and widely used forms of presenting this information are measures of semantic similarity and semantic relatedness. These metrics are often computed, relying upon the structure of a thesaurus, but it is also possible to use alternative resources. One such source is Wikipedia, which possesses the category structure similar to that of a thesaurus. In this work we describe an attempt to use semantic relatedness measures, calculated on thesaurus and Wikipedia data, to improve the quality of a co-reference resolution system for Russian language. The results show that this is a viable solution and that combining the two sources yields the most gain in quality.


ABSTRACT Topical administration of root and seed extracts (5, 10, 15 and 20 µg/µL) of Withania somnifera to 0, 1, 2, and 3 days post-moult third instar larvae of Chrysomya megacephala resulted in disruption of moulting and metamorphosis. This leads to several developmental aberrations, such as prolongation of larval-pupal and pupal-adult ecdysis, larval mortality, abnormal pupariation, formation of pupal-adult mosaics and adultoids, ecdysial failure, reduced pupariation and adult emergence. Treatment with seed extracts of W. somnifera was more effective as it causes greater toxicity in all the treated groups as compared to that observed with the root extracts. There was a significant interaction among all three factors viz. extract type (root and seed extracts), larval stage (0, 1, 2, 3 days post-moult third instar larvae) and concentration (5 µg/µL, 10 µg/µL, 15 µg/µL, 20 µg/µL) for prolongation of larval-pupal and pupal-adult ecdysis. The results are similar to those observed with the administration of juvenoids and hence it can be inferred that the plant extracts mimic the action of juvenoids. The results clearly suggest that W. somnifera acts as a potential IGR disrupting the moulting and metamorphosis as a consequence of interference with the normal hormonal mechanism in C. megacephala. Abbreviations: Co Sf=coarse surface; Cy W=cylindrical wings; De Ae = deformed anterior end; De W = deformed wings; Ev G = everted genitalia; Ev Pt = everted ptilinium; L Mp = larval mouth parts; Nm W = non-membranous wings; P Ab = pupal abdomen; P Cu = pupal cuticle; Pa T L = partial tanned legs; Pg E = pigmented eyes; Pm = puparium; Re W = reduced wings; Sr G = scar of genitalia; T Pm = tanned puparium; Tu L = tubular legs; Tw Pm = twisted puparium; Un Ab = untanned abdomen; Un Pm = untanned puparium; W Pri = wing primordia


Objective To explore the changes of interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrotic factor-α(TNF-α) levels in hippocampus of experimental model rats with frequent febrile seizures(FS).Methods Forty-three rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group(n=10,NC group),hyperthermic control group(n=12,HC group) and febrile seizures group(n=21,FS group).The mRNA and protein levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in hippocampus of these rats were determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) respectively.Results 1.IL-6 in hippocampus FS group[(53.21 ± 8.32)ng/mg] and HC group[(56.37 ± 2.84)ng/mg ] were significantly higher than that of NC group[(44.55 ± 4.11)ng/mg](P0.01,0.05).There was no significant difference in hippocamps IL-6 level between FS group and HC group(P0.05).There was no significant difference in IL-6 mRNA in hippocamps between various groups(Pa0.05).2.There was no significant difference in TNF-α mRNA and protein level in hippocamps between various groups(Pa0.05).Conclusions Frequent FS might not change the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in hippocampus.IL-6 and TNF-α might not play a role in development of FS induced brain damage.


How to coordinate heterogeneous database to realize sharing and consistency of information not only is an important research subject in the database filed, but also is an emerging research hot spot in the field of database system. As a new development direction of computer software, it applies some new techniques to integrate the existing systems to develop new applications. The paper analyzes CSCW, XML, JDBC and heterogeneous database, and proposes a solution of heterogeneous database. The solution absorbs the thoughts of database meta data, middle ware and LDAP directory service.


Globally, organisations are recognising the importance of knowledge based economy as a context that has a moderating impact on the institutions, their agendas and deliverables. In response, institutions are actively engaging themselves in creating knowledge intensive assets to sustain new wave of knowledge economy. Academia, as symbols of pure learning institutions are reviving and reengineering their academic goals in terms of their sustainability and marketability potential so that they can work closely with the industry and can create interfaces those catalyses entrepreneurial motives. Historically, academia across globe was considered as pure teaching and research institutions with no drive for commercialisation, but the evidences of MIT and Silicon Valley have necessitated academia to rethink their role in the wider economy. As a consequence, academic stakeholders need to inquire over various agendas as: Does academia need to behave as a stagnant repository of knowledge or dynamism in terms of entrepreneurial outlook need to be thought upon. What are the predictors for academic entrepreneurship and how thesepredictors shape up the academic response to the growing knowledge based economy? Is academic entrepreneurship a sustainable feeder to industrial breakthroughs thereby paving the way for creation of entrepreneurial clusters? The present work aims to address these fundamental questions so that apt justifications can be provided on the basis of existing literature on the subject matter, new horizons can be put forth so that new forms of inquiry can be raised.In this direction, the present study aims to put forth the strategies that academia need to create so that the entrepreneurial quadrilateral can be designed that comprise of person, processes, behaviour, place and linkages between them. The person refers to entrepreneur, processes refers to entrepreneurship, behaviour refers to entrepreneurial mindset and place refers to habitat. It is imperative to understand that designing entrepreneurial quadrilateral is context sensitive, reason being that people, processes, behaviours and the geography varies across academic landscape. The present need is to acknowledge that every academic institution is a specialised hub of knowledge and the resultant interplay amongst various entities will create different entrepreneurial scenarios, thus making academic entrepreneurship a context ridden area of research. The present paper will lay down various propositions supported by past empirical evidences that will support context sensitive aspect of academic entrepreneurship on one hand and on other will assist in designing habitats that support entrepreneurship across academia.


Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are general, randomized search heuris-tics applied successfully to optimization problems both in discrete and in continuous search spaces. In recent years, substantial progress has been made in theoretical runtime analysis of EAs, in particular for pseudo-Boolean fitness functions f : {0, 1} n → R. Compared to this, little is known about the runtime of simple and, in particular, more complex EAs for continuous functions f : R n → R. In this paper, a first rigorous runtime analysis of a population-based EA in continuous search spaces is presented. A simple (µ+1) evolution strategy ((µ+1) ES) that uses Gaussian mutations adapted by the 1/5-rule as its search operator is studied on the well-known Sphere functionand the influence of µ and n on its runtime is examined. By generalizing the proof technique of randomized family trees, developed before w. r. t. discrete search spaces, asymptotically upper and lower bounds on the time for the population to make a predefined progress are derived. Furthermore , the utility of the 1/5-rule in population-based evolution strategies is shown. Finally, the behavior of the (µ+1) ES on multimodal functions is discussed.


This paper presents a tutorial analysis of a hybrid computer model of a missile reentering the atmosphere. An important aspect of the paper is that an example of how to go about analyzing the suitability of a hybrid computer configuration for a particular large- scale simulation is presented from an overall systems point of view. Equations describing a missile (six- degrees of freedom) reentering the atmosphere are given, as is a hybrid computer configuration for solving them. This configuration is then analyzed to establish its suitability for simulation.


A measurement system includes a signal generator (10) and at least a power meter (12). A probe (11) is acted upon by the signal generator (10) with a signal. One of the test object (12) emitted signal is measurable by the first power meter (12). Here, the signal generator (10) and the power meter (12) by means of a bidirectional communication link (14) are connected.


The Sinnar sultanate dominated much of the northern Nilotic Sudan during the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, and has been generally recognized as one of the important states in northeastern Africa during that era. It seems, however, that historians of Africa know less about Sinnar than, about the contemporary states of the western Sudanic region.1 In large part this situation is a result of the fact that the colonial period in the Sudan began early (1820-1821), and the hand of foreign rule was, heavy. Although visitors to the Sudan in the nineteenth century were deficient neither in numbers nor in intellectual vigor, they were denied the opportunity afforded to their contemporaries such as Heinrich Barth olf observing their hosts in a state of independence. A second barrier to a better understanding of Sinnar has been the familiarity of historians with sources in English and Arabic tol the neglect of equally relevant materials in French, German, Italian, Latin, Portuguese, and Turkish. In particular, historians, have relied excessively upon the accounts of James Bruce and John Lewis Burckhardt.2 Both explorers visited Sinnar


The emotional engagement with the fetus and child-to-be among 211 women undergoing prenatal diagnosis by amniocentesis (group A) or chorionic villi biopsy (group V) was studied by questionnaires, interviews and the use of a visual analogue scale. The observation period lasted from the diagnostic test to 6 weeks after the women had received the result of this test.At the time of the test the women already demonstrated a considerable emotional attachment to the unborn child. This attachment grew (significantly) during the observation period in both groups. However, at the time of the last questionnaire and interview, the women in group A seemed to have reached a more intense bonding to the child-to-be, probably because of having advanced further in their pregnancy.Seventy-three percent of the women, however, reported that they withdrew their feelings for the child-to-be to some extent probably preparing themselves for a fancied loss of the fetus. However, this inhibition of feelings seemed to be temporary a...


Anaerobic fermentation produced biogas slurry while producing clean energy, which posed a severe challenge to the sustainable management of livestock farms. Clean water can be obtained and nutrients can be...


This paper investigates effectiveness of semicircular feet on dynamic biped locomotion. We first introduce the simplest biped model with semicircular feet and show its level walking by hip-joint actuation. In the second, parameter study is performed by adjusting the physical and control parameters. Throughout numerical analysis, it is shown that the semicircular feet dramatically increases the walking speed and the stable domain. By the effect of the rolling, energy-efficient and high-speed dynamic biped locomotion on a level can be realized easily without ankle-joint actuation nor concerning the zero moment point condition


We report a dual-wavelength (DW) distributed feedback (DFB) waveguide laser based on a symmetric periodically sampled grating fabricated in Yb-doped phosphate glass, using the femtosecond laser direct-write technique. The experimental results show that the peak spacing must be larger than 10 nm for stable operation. For improvement of the lasing performance, an asymmetric sampled grating structure is proposed such that a DW-DFB waveguide laser with 40 pm peak spacing is possible.


China is one of the countries,which has the most population in the world.Large amount people need food for their daily life,so grain security is of great importance to China.Aimed at guaranteeing the grain security of China,many scholars have suggested that,vast distributed waste lands in the arid lands of China could be exploited into new grain output fields.Viewing from special characteristics of geographical location and environment,especially distinctive regularities of the formation and transformation of water resources,distribution of salt soil and process of secondary saltification in arid lands of China,and taking typical environmental problems which occurred during regional development into account,in this paper,however,we argue that the arid lands of China should not be considered as "the base of waste land for future reclamation" and "the new grain output fields".We think that combating desertification,reducing dust(salt) storm,restoring ecology and protecting environment in the arid lands of China are matters of overall and strategic importance to ecological security of the whole country.


The Sumba house is characterized by traditional architecture on the island of Sumba, some of which have changed from their original characteristics and some others have retained their original characteristics. If you compare the Sumba houses in praingu (traditional villages) with the houses of Sumbanese people in cities or along roads that are characterized by modern or contemporary houses, the differences in characteristics are easy to see. It is different if the houses with Sumba architectural characteristics outside Praingu are compared to those inside Praingu. There are interesting things to say. They look the same, but have significant differences. This paper aims to describe the continuity and different of Sumba houses with traditional Sumba architecture in Anakalang compared to the original Sumba houses located in Praingu Galubakul. The focus of this research is to look at the continuity and differences in the form-function-meaning aspects of traditional Sumba houses within praingu and outside praingu. This research was produced through a qualitative research process based on a phenomenological-husserlian approach, using field observation and in-depth interview methods. The case is the Sumba house in Anakalang which is outside Praingu (Galubakul) and the owner is bound by Sumba culture. There is continuity and different in the Sumba house in Anakalang. Form and meaning continue to be continuous, but there is a change in the function of the building. Continuity occurs due to aspects of adherence to tradition, while changes occur in the addition of new functions, changing functions and deleting functions due to the establishment of a modern lifestyle. The religious (spiritual) aspect of the homeowners related to the Marapu belief and fear of praingu integration is a determining factor for the continuity of the form and meaning of the architecture of the Sumba house. Modern lifestyle is a determining factor in changing the center room from the status of a sacred space to a profane space.


Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) DNA 1 and 2 have little sequence homology with maize streak virus (MSV), wheat dwarf virus (WDV), and chloris striate mosaic virus (CSMV) DNAs. BGMV DNA 1 and beet curly top virus (BCTV) DNA are closely related, whereas BGMV DNA 2 and BCTV DNA are not related. Direct amino acid homologies of predicted proteins between BGMV ORFs and MSV ORFs, WDV ORFs or CSMV ORFs were 40–50%. BGMV 1L1 and BCTV L1, and BGMV 1L3 and BCTV L4 were highly conserved. The sequence TAATATTAC was detected in the loops of hairpin structures of 5 geminiviruses.


Production networks have become widespread in automotive industry due to possibility to achieve high efficiency and flexibility that are currently of high importance. However, together with advantages the production networks pose new challenges. One of them is information fusion at the level of semantics. The paper describes an approach to this problem based on application of ontologies as a way of semantic information description. The results are demonstrated via an automotive production network example


In his book "The Politics of Environmental Discourse" (1995), Maarten Hajer vividly describes the term 'ecological modernisation' as the emergence of a new societal paradigm. Intrinsic in this change is a shift from reactive and passive attitudes in industry and away from an insistence that pollution prevention is costly and thus diminishes profits, towards a new era in which win-win solutions that create profits for greener companies are emphasised. However, in this shift, environmental problems and solutions have also been redefined, and their extent, their character and our understanding of them have changed, and it has become obvious that a more diffuse, volatile atmosphere can threaten companies. Complete neglect of the environment is no longer acceptable and it has even become the demand that not only should companies take responsibility for their past offences (e.g. contaminated sites) but also for their products' impacts from cradle to grave, and thus positively contribute to more sustainable consumption & production patterns.


Work-family conflict (WFC) is a universal issue irrespective of the countries and cultures all over the world. But the nature and extent are likely to be different in different societies with different cultural characteristics. This paper is an attempt to identify the factors that result in WFC of female employees working at different universities, commercial banks and government organizations in Bangladesh. WFC is a common issue and produces negative effects for the employees, their families, and work organizations. It is more severe for the female employees compare to male employees in the traditional society like Bangladesh. Female participation in the work place is gradually increasing over the last few decades. Working women are encountering role conflict because of family responsibilities. This study is based on primary data. A sample of 50 female employees from ten organizations is selected and they are asked to unearth the key factors that lead to work-family conflict. The data are gathered by administering questionnaires. The study shows that the main variables responsible for WFC are: long working hour, job inflexibility, work overload, child care responsibility, age of children, dependent care responsibility, discrimination at work place, inadequate supervisory support, autocratic management style, inadequate family support, and the absence of husband's support. The findings of the study emphasized the need to formulate guidelines for the management of WFC at the organizational level as it is connected to job satisfaction and performance of the employees.


Open distributed processing (ODP) is an ongoing standardization activity by both ISO and CCITT providing an object oriented reference model (RM ODP) for open distributed systems. Certain abstraction levels called viewpoints are introduced by the RM ODP. The formal description technique LOTOS is used to define formal models for the computation and engineering viewpoint by sublanguages LOTOScomp and LOTOSeng. The use of these sublanguages as configuration languages on different abstraction levels is shown and illustrated by an example. The mappability of LOTOS specification in particular from the engineering viewpoint into implementations is outlined for the object space.<<ETX>>


This article examines the scenario of game simulation "The City Started by You". The game represents an information platform built on the basis of online game, where the players select a city they would like live in and the services they would like to use. The players are also given the opportunity to discuss and make management decisions regarding the development of their city. The game touches upon such questions as solidarity in society, meaning of paying taxes, value of local democracy, proactive budgeting, and implementation of direct online democracy. The game is aimed at the development of the skills for classification of the topical issues and separate delegated authority, liaising between the authorities and officials of the city's self-governance and the residents, as well as engagement of city residents in urban management. The computer game not only calculates the consequences of the made by the student management decisions, but also takes into account the factors of the internal and external environment. It is noted that this game can be used as educational in schools and universities, as well as for increasing information transparency between the executive branches and municipal officials. The latter would require conducing educational online games within the framework of group classes with the municipal officials. The use of remote technologies built on the basis of game simulation "The City Started by You" allows to consider and analyze alternate solutions of topical issues, work out spatial development strategies, and form project thinking. Game simulator Constant improvements in the area of ensuring transparency of the local self-governance is essential for increasing public confidence in the local authorities, effective solution of topical issues, and successful conduct of the reforms.


This paper proposes a method that can generate striplines (SL) crosstalk with opposite polarity against microstrip lines (MS) crosstalk by designating specific dielectric constant difference between core and prepreg of striplines. And it also demonstrates how the crosstalk cancellation can be achieved by superposition of crosstalk caused by microstrip lines and the designed striplines.


Abstract IN recent years there has been considerable interest in various methods of controlling feed intake of meat-type breeders. The best method of obtaining optimum results remains a somewhat controversial subject. Singsen et al. (1958, 1959) reported that physically limiting feed intake with a feed of 1014 productive Calories/pound was superior to either full feeding the same diet or full feeding a diet of 857 Calories/pound. In their work physically limiting feed intake with the lower energy feed was unsatisfactory. They suggested a schedule of feeding based on body weight, rate of egg production, environmental temperature, and energy content of ration. Sherwood and Milby (1961) reported that full feeding a diet of 850 productive Calories/pound gave better results than a diet of 957 Calories whether full fed or limited according to the Singsen plan. Satisfactory results were obtained with a simplified system of controlling feed intake and hatchability was improved by…


Power Hardware in the Loop Real Time Modelling Using Hydrodynamic Model of a Wave Energy Converter with Linear Generator Power Take Off


Cloud computing technology is integral part to the advancement of intelligent transportation systems. Cloud computing, however, introduces new layers of security risks. In this paper, we propose an efficient system for improving the security of a cloud-based intelligent transportation system built with enhanced road side units and a data collection and analysis server. A convolutional neural network is used to classify encrypted images obtained by roadside units based on the type of vehicle on the road in real-time. The proposed system never fully decrypts the collected images, thus protecting drivers' personal information, such as location, licence plate, and vehicle contents. Keeping drivers' personal information safe is paramount, as attacks can be made against vulnerable parties if the attacker knows their location. The results show improved computational performance in comparison with a fully decrypting system, specifically a 29% increase in computational speed, while keeping the data secure.