Soliton-based optical communication systems are attracting considerable attention because of their potential for significantly increasing the capacity of long-haul lightwave systems. However, even though an ideal fundamental soliton is a robust wavepacket, its propagation through practical fibers can lead to serious limitations on the design of communication systems. In fact, several phenomena can affect soliton transmission: amplified spontaneous emission noise produces Gordon-Haus jitter and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver; adjacent solitons interact and collide unless sufficiently apart; and the guiding or average soliton undergoes perturbations in power causing nonlocal dispersion/self-phase modulation balancing. The last effect is especially harmful if the amplifier spacing is not much smaller than the soliton period. In this regime, the soliton duration is limited to approximately 10 ps in dispersion shifted fibers. Reduction of soliton widths below this value, while maintaining practical amplifier spacings, leads to increasing emission of dispersive waves that are resonantly amplified periodically, undermining soliton stability. An interesting approach for stable propagation of solitons restores the balance between the group velocity dispersion, (GVD) and self-phase modulation (SPM) in a lossy fiber by changing the dispersion properties of the transmission fiber. Such fibers are called dispersion-decreasing fibers (DDFs) because their GVD must decrease in such a way that it compensates for the reduced SPM experienced by the soliton weakened from fiber loss. Practically undistorted propagation of ultrashort solitons with large amplifier spacings can be achieved by especially designed fibers with tailored-dispersion profile. However, as the soliton width decreases, higher-order nonlinear and dispersive effects become important and ultimately limit the bit rate. In this paper we have examined the main constraints on the design of single-channel, high-capacity soliton communication systems. Regarding the average soliton regime, the Gordon-Haus timing jitter is the principal limitation for 10 Gb/s systems over transoceanic distances.


Benefit from the efficient resource utilization, nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) comes to be a promising multiple access solution for visible light communications (VLC). When it further combined with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), more ambitious system performance can be expected, constituting the OFDM-NOMA for VLC. Compared to the conventional OFDM in VLC, layered O-OFDM schemes, including layered asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (LACO-OFDM) and adaptively biased layered optical OFDM (ABLO-OFDM), enjoy both higher spectral and power efficiency. However, the performance of the layered OFDM-NOMA is still unknown. Therefore, the performance of LACO-OFDM-NOMA and ABLO-OFDM-NOMA in terms of the data rate are analysed for the downlink VLC in this paper. It is found that the LACO-OFDM-NOMA scheme suffers from the performance degradation due to the strict constraint imposed by the successive interference cancellation (SIC) of LACO-OFDM. By contrast, thanks to the interference-free transmission, the ABLO-OFDM enabled NOMA scheme significantly outperforms the conventional OFDM and LACO-OFDM enabled NOMA schemes.


any Mayanists find the overall product anything other than successful—if not resoundingly so. The edition's second felicitous feature is the editors' analytical work (although they are modestly labeled mere translators and annotators). The introduction (at 88 oversized pages) is a virtual monograph on its own, the edition's 3,285 footnotes on occasion crowd out the text completely, and the appendixes of plant names are a major contribution to Maya ethnobotany. Stemming from this work is the third feature, indicated in the edition's title and detailed in the introduction—the thesis. This is laid out in three lengthy sections of the introduction, titled "The European Background," "The Maya Background," and "The Intellectual Encounter." Bricker and Miram identify, with painstaking thoroughness, the various European and native sources used by the colonial Maya scribe or notary who compiled the Kaua, arguing and detailing how the result illustrates "the process of syncretism" in calendrics, religion, astronomy, and medicine (p. 85)—the quest "for some common denominator for relating fundamental concepts in the alien thought system to the more familiar intellectual tradition" (p. 3) of native Yucatán. For an edition of a primary source to even have a thesis is striking; for it to have one that is thoughtful, consistent, and convincing is nothing short of inspiring. This volume is a major contribution to a nexus of related fields and subfields—Maya studies, native writing, Yucatec anthropology and ethnohistory, colonial Mesoamerica, early modern Spanish intellectual culture, medicinal history, and more. Within the genre of translated and annotated editions, the volume is exemplary.


Pion double charged exchange (DCX) is the only reaction to easily observe the double isobaric analog states (DIAS). Most of the observations of the DIAS in the past have been on even-even nuclei, with only very few observations of the DIAS in odd-even nuclei. The data presented here are from an experiment performed at the Clinton P. Anderson meson physics facility (LAMPF). The experiment was designed to measure the DIAS in several odd-A nuclei and compare the N, Z, and A dependence to measurements on even-A nuclei. The measurements were performed at T{sub {pi}} = 292 MeV and 5{degrees}, on targets of {sup 55}Mn, {sup 75}As, {sup 89}Y, {sup 165}Ho and {sup 181}Ta. The DIAS was observed in each nucleus. These measurements are compared with the measurements of the DIAS in even-A nuclei.


Objective
To investigate the relationship between neonatal blood carnitine levels and the factors of gender, days after birth gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW), and to provide some data for routine neonatal metabolic screening.

Methods
A total of 490 neonates from Department of Neonatology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University and Women and Children′s Hospital of Sanshui District, Foshan during the period July 2012 to December 2015 were recruited in this study.They were divided into 3 groups according to days after birth, within 1 day after birth for group A (207 cases), 2-3 days for group B (153 cases), 4 to 14 days for group C (130 cases). Then heel peripheral blood were collected.Free carnitine(FC), total acylcarnitines (AC) and total carnitine (TC)concentrations were measured by using tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) and then tested for the association between the biomarkers and the factors of gender, days after birth, GA and BW.

Results
Concentrations of TC and AC tapered off from day 1 to day 14.Concentrations of TC, FC and AC were significantly higher in male-preterm-low birth weight infants compared with female-fullterm infants with normal birth weight infants in group A. The differences were statistically significant(all P 0.05).

Conclusions
Neonatal blood carnitine concentrations have negative relationship with age, GA and BW.Therefore, during routine neonatal metabolic screening, full consideration should be given to the factors which may have an important influence on the carnitine levels.

Key words:
Total carnitine; Free carnitine; Acylcarnitine; Infant, newborn


The Internet of things is a new type of network, based on the traditional telecommunication network and the Internet. All the ordinary physical objects in the Internet of things can be addressing, independent and able to access to the network. Internet data center in the whole Internet system plays a central role, is responsible for the control and management of possessions networking physical nodes, thus to build a stable, robust and efficient data center on the Internet of things system is crucial. Excessive dependence on the existing Internet data center service dispatch server, load imbalance and different network environment node cannot direct communication. In this paper, aiming at the existing problem of the data center, P2P communication technology based on Internet of things were studied, we design a P2P network communication mode based on Internet of things.


The paper describes the functions and features of v isual 3D SURPAC software and discusses the main procedures of the application o f SURPAC software on implementation of real time dynamic updating of 3D visualiz ed geological model.In addition,the future of software's application in minin g design and model establishment is predicted.


The whole plants of wild rice were collected from Gure, Kagoro, and Kaduna of Kaduna state in order to determine the concentration of Cu, Mn, Pb and Ni in wild rice plants. HNO3-H2O2 was used for digestion. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used for the determination of heavy metals in plants digest. Ni and Co were uniformly distributed in small quantity in all the plant parts. Mn and Cu, were differently distributed in good amount, with the roots recording the highest amount of Cu. The leaves recorded Mn and Pb as the highest. Gure location recorded the highest amount of Ni, Mn, and Pb, while, Cu was recorded as the highest in Kaduna location. ANOVA at 95%confidence level show that there is no significant different in concentration of Cu, Ni and Pb in all the locations and plant parts. But, the concentrations of Mn was significantly different in plant parts and locations at 95% confidence level. The concentration of the metals in grain were compared with other studies as well as WHO/FAO reference standard and most of the metals concentration in grain were within the limit for food quality standard. However, Cu concentration in grain was a little higher than the WHO/FAO reference limit and may pose danger in humans and animals who may consume the grain in the near future.


Coupled modified nonlinear Schrodinger(CMNLS) equations describe the pulse propagation in the picosecond or femtosecond regime of the birefringent optical fibers. In this paper, we use the Fokas method to analyze the initial-boundary value problem for the CMNLS equations on the half-line. Assume that the solution u(x,t) and v(x,t) of CMNLS equations are exists, and we show that it can be expressed in terms of the unique solution of a matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem formulated in the plane of the complex spectral parameter {\lambda}.


The Internet is in a transition phase. Migrating to IPv6 is currently the centre of many studies, since the IPv4 address space exhaustion is starting to be noticeable by facts like the slowdown in the growth of the IPv4 routing table. Another less advertised but equally important challenge for the Internet is the exhaustion of the current 16 bit Autonomous System Numbers. The solution adopted by the IETF has to introduce 32-bit Autonomous System Numbers in order to get a reasonable breathing space. This implies another transition process, which is less public because it has no direct impact on the end users. But this process is not being as smooth as many people would desire and is at the root of several routing storms, which have lately shaken the Internet. This paper analyses the last Internet routing storm, which occurred on August, 2009 from a location which is geographically and topographically distant from the storm's \textit{epicentre}. The data captured by RIPE'S BGP probes at the London Internet Exchange are decomposed for this study and the traffic profiles of the different probes is analysed separately. This study looks at traces produced by BGP-4 traffic engineering techniques based on changes in the ASPATH attribute and discovers one probe which mainly collected traffic which was induced by a change in the ASPATH prepending behaviour of a neighbouring Autonomous System.


Snow, ice, fog and other elements of winter weather can make roads and driving hazardous. Technological innovations are providing transportation managers with tools to counteract the effects of bad weather. Road weather information services provide real-time information to maintenance and operations personnel. Anti-icing research explores methods and materials to prevent ice from forming. Best practices when applying salt to road surfaces include runoff management, application strategies and better weather forecasts. Decision-support software can identify the best locations for applying salt or other chemicals.


Disclosed is an ion-generation device provided with: an air blower that has a motor, said motor having output shafts (21, 21) in both directions along the motor axis, and also has two impellers (3, 3) respectively attached to the output shafts (21, 21); and two ducts (5, 5) whereby the air blown by the rotation of the impellers (3, 3) is conveyed in the same direction in separate streams and released to the outside. Part or all of each duct (5, 5) is provided with a laminar airflow section that causes the air to form a laminar flow. By putting an ion generator in each laminar airflow section, ions produced by the ion generators can be efficiently added to the air, increasing the concentration of ions released into the room together with the air.


In this paper we design a backhaul scheme for uplink cooperation, which is based on distributed source coding (DSC). With this backhaul scheme, base stations cooperatively serve the cell edge users in order to improve their performance. In cooperative uplink, both cooperating BS and serving BS receive signal from cell edge users, the cooperating BS decodes cell edge users firstly, and sends the syndrome coded re-modulated signal to serving cell, the serving BS uses directly received signal as side information and combines syndrome coded signal to decode interference user jointly, then cancels the interference user signal. Our simulation shows that direct decoding without interference cancellation does not work when SINR drop to a certain threshold, at this time, interference cancellation with DSC can improve performance significantly, and the distributed source coding scheme reduces the backhaul overhead dramatically.


Sodium-rich bentonite clays have as the Organisation (NWMO) plan for the long-term storage of used nuclear fuel. Characterisation of natural organic matter (NOM) in the bentonites reveals that NOM has the potential to serve as substrate for microbial activity. However, it is unclear if NOM is similar in composition within samples collected from different location from the same bentonite deposit and whether NOM chemistry vary within different products; thus, rendering the assessment of potential variability in the geochemistry of different bentonites from the same source crucial. Here we report the detailed geochemical characterisation of NOM in MX-80 bentonites from the same location (Wyoming) but sampled at different times at the bulk and molecular level. Our results show that total carbon is less than 1% (0.70±0.04%) and organic carbon constitutes less than 20% (0.10±0.01%) of the total carbon content. Statistical analyses revealed no significant difference in the bulk NOM composition. Targeted organic compound analyses indicate a predominance of long-chain homologues among the analysed compound classes. We detected nanogram-level variabilities in selected compounds among the samples. Solid-state 13 C analysis the different samples and the predominance of as as aromatic compounds which suggests that the all analyses are the low heterogeneity in different bentonite samples.


Abstract We investigated physical, chemical and isotope (S, O) parameters of sulfate from acid mine drainage from the polymetallic sulfide ore deposit Freiberg (Germany), which was mined for more than eight hundred years. Two main groups of water were distinguished: 1. Flowing mine water with sulfate concentrations of less than 9000 mg/1 and pH values higher than 3.2 2. Pore water in weathered low grade ores and pools with sulfate concentrations higher than 9000 mg/1 and pH values below 3.2. The sulfur and oxygen isotope composition of sulfate from flowing mine waters reflects mixing of sulfate from two sulfur sources: a) atmospheric sulfur from precipitation and b) sulfate formed as a result of sulfide oxidation processes. Sulfur isotope values of mine water sulfate were used to estimate the contribution of sulfate derived through oxidation of sulfides. The sulfur isotope composition of pore water sulfate and precipitated sulfate (jarosite) from weathered low grade ore samples is identical to the sulfur isotope composition of primary sulfides. The oxygen isotope composition of pore water sulfate from low grade ore samples indicates that the oxidation process proceeds relatively slowly in O2-depleted waters, probably without significant microbial catalysis.


Even if stakeholders' expectations for supply chain sustainability are growing fast, focal firms appear to be unable to keep pace with it. For instance, recent research conducted by the Chartered I...


Abstract Two major mechanisms involved in resistant NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) include secondary acquired mutation in EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), that is, EGFR T790M and amplification of c-MET (hepatocyte growth factor receptor). Thus, already established pharmacophore models of EGFR T790M and c-MET were employed to filter-out an in-house database. Further fitness score led to the selection of imino-pyrimidine scaffold. Followed by sketching of imino-pyrimidine derivatives having varied aryl substitutions, which were then docked and subjected to molecular dynamic simulations, to study the orientations and conformations of the designed molecules in the catalytic domain. Molecules with hydrophobic interaction with mutant residue M790 were selected. Finally, MM-GBSA (Molecular Mechanics‐Generalized Born Surface Area) calculations were performed, to study the effect of substitutions on the binding affinity of the double mutant EGFR towards these small molecules. Finally, the designed compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their kinase inhibitory potential using in-vitro experiments. Two compounds were found to possess sub-micromolar range inhibitory potential against EGFR (T790M), while one of the compound showed significant selective inhibitory potential against c-MET. Additionally, one compound was found to possess significant dual inhibitory potential against these target kinases. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma


Example Models for Marina Flushing Assessment ........................................................5-2 Selection Criteria ..........................................................................................................5-2 Models Selected ...........................................................................................................5-3 Simple Model ......................................................................................................................5-3 Mid-Range Models ............................................................................................................5-5 Tidal Prism Model .........................................................................................................5-5 NCDEM DO Model ........................................................................................................5-6 Complex Models ................................................................................................................5-6 WASP4 .............................................................................................................................5-6 EFDC Hydrodynamic Model .........................................................................................5-7 Water Quality Monitoring in Marinas (for modeling applications)................................5-8 Sampling Guidelines for Existing Marinas .................................................................5-8 Spatial Coverage...........................................................................................................5-8 Constituents Sampled ..................................................................................................5-9 Sampling Locations.....................................................................................................5-10 Sampling Time and Frequency ..................................................................................5-10


THIS BOOK'S early chapters offer an overview of the evolution of advanced nursing practice from UK and international perspectives, with fascinating insights into the evidence base and history of the role.


Gene association studies and genome wide association studies (GWAS) have played a primary role in depicting genetic contributions to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) development, while accommodating the exonic polymorphisms on the protein structure level, when available, enhances our understanding of protein function modification or depletion. Linking human genetics with therapeutic targets requires the biological function of the causal gene and variant to be known.To investigate recently identified SLE-associated functional gene polymorphisms, such asPARP1,ITGAM, TNFAIP3, NCF1, PON1, IFIH1, SH2B3andTYK2[1-4] by correlation to protein structure and function.Three-dimensional (3D) homology modeling and molecular mechanics/dynamics studies were applied for the localization of the polymorphisms under study on the respective proteins. The mutants were constructed using molecular modeling with the program Maestro (Schrodinger, LLC), which was also used to analyze the conformational changes caused by the mutation. All figures depicting 3D models were created using the molecular graphics program PyMOL V.2.2 [5].Modeling revealed that rs1136410 SNP encodes the less common polymorphism Val762Ala onPARP1that reduces enzymatic activity of Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (Figure 1),ITGAMpolymorphism rs1143679 (Arg77His) on Integrin alpha M, component of the macrophage-1 antigen complex affects protein surface recognition,TNFAIP3rs2230926 polymorphism encodes Cys instead of Phe at residue 127 of the ubiquitin editing A20 protein, while rs201802880 polymorphism of the neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1) gene modifies the function of the cytosolic subunit of neutrophil NADPH oxidase with the mutation Arg90His.PON1is involved in the oxidative stress process that cause tissue damage observed in SLE and anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS). ThePON1Gln192Arg mutation (rs662 SNP) affects shape and recognition of the ligand recognition site as part of the evolutionary process, whileIFIH1(rs35667974) helicase C domain1 mutant I923V is located on an essential RNA beta loop interacting directly with the nucleic acid (Figure 2). Finally, the rs3184504 SNP ofSH2B3gene generates mutant Arg262Trp on SH2 adapter protein 3, acting as a signaling pathway involved in autoimmune disorders, while inTYK2 gene, one of the Janus kinases, the rs35018800 producing mutant Ala928Val modifies the ADP binding site.Figure 1.Details of the Val762 interaction where V762A mutation occurs in PARP1protein.Figure 2.Nucleic acid interacting IFIH1 helicase beta-loop where I923V mutation occurs (in purple).Based on several examples, we have tried to define a rational link from SLE-associated gene polymorphisms to structure and to modified function, including metagenomic analysis of SNPs, protein crystallography, protein molecular modeling, molecular mechanics and dynamics. Locating, shaping and understanding the target protein interaction interface plays a decisive role in most cases and provides clues for further pharmacological or medical actions [6].[1]Hur JW et al (2006). Rheumatology 45:711-7[2]Maiti AK et al (2014). Hum Mol Genet 23:4161-76[3]Shimane K et al (2010). Arthritis Rheum. 62:574-9[4]Linge P et al (2019). Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 Nov 8. pii: annrheumdis-2019-215820[5]Schrödinger LLC: The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System 2016 version 2.2. Available from: pymol.org/2/support.html[6]Plenge RM et al (2013). Nat Rev Drug Discov 12:581–94None declared


Persistent sustainability problems in e.g. energy, transport, water and food production have attracted the attention of science, technology and innovation (STI) scholars. A shared idea among these scholars is that due to scale and scope of sustainability problems, incremental change in prevailing systems will not suffice. Instead, there is a need for transformative change at a system level, including major changes in production and consumption ('sustainability transitions'). Our knowledge has advanced on these subjects in recent years. However, also new questions have emerged and there is still much to be learned if we want to unravel the complexity of transitions.

This thematic track aims at advancing the knowledge on system innovations and transitions to sustainability by critical reflections on existing conceptual frameworks and tools in the field of sustainability transitions; attention to yet under-explored areas and aspects of transitions; and proposing new insights from disciplines or practices that have not yet engaged with sustainability transition debates


Background: Obesity is an established risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer and also induces iron dysregulation via elevated hepcidin (hepatic peptide hormone). Hepcidin degrades ferroportin (FPN1-only known iron exporter) and traps iron that enhances carcinogenesis within the cell. Breast tumors with high hepcidin and low FPN1 have poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine if systemic hepcidin explains established obesity enhancing risk of postmenopausal breast cancer and to discern the difference between iron accumulation and FPN1 expression within the breast tissues by disease status and obesity among them. Methods: A nested case (n=44)-control (n=44) study was conducted from a prospective cohort of women seeking breast biopsies. Newly diagnosed cases and controls were stratified by obesity status (BMI > 30 & =152 ng/ml) had four times higher risk for breast cancer compared to those with lower levels (<152 ng/ml). Cases had similar sTFR but trended higher plasma hepcidin (p=0.1), iron accumulation (p=0.05) and decreased FPN1 expression (p=0.05) in their breast tissues' macrophages compared to controls. Within cases, obese women had bigger tumors (p=0.02) and less iron accumulated in the macrophages (p=0.03). Conclusion: Influence of obesity on hepcidin reported in premenopausal women also occurs in postmenopausal women. Hepcidin level is associated with breast cancer and may represent a novel mechanism to explain the link between obesity and breast cancer. Our findings of diminished FPN1 coupled with increased iron accumulation in the macrophages surrounding the tumor suggest these cells serve as storage site for intracellular iron required for tumor growth. Further, we speculate decreased iron in the macrophages of obese women's larger tumors reflect an adaptation for increased iron acquisition for disease advancement.


Real-time health monitoring system based on embedded sensor for solid rocket motor can accomplish real-time monitoring on the health situation of motor. It has become one of the key research subjects of solid rocket motor area in recent years. According to the key problems of research and development of the real- time health monitoring system for solid rocket motor, this paper applied the method combining numerical simulation and experiment research in studying the influence that interfacial stress sensor leaves on solid rocket motor structure. At first, it conducted numerical simulation on the influence that interfacial stress sensor embedding leaves on the structure of solid rocket motor. Then, it used self-made adhesive bonding pieces with embedded sensors to conduct experiment on adhesive bonding strength under natural storage environment, and obtained the law of the influence that interfacial stress sensor leaves on motor structure.


This paper explores the feasibility of detecting damage within structures such as air foils by application of eddy current based techniques and reduced order modeling. To identify the geometry of a damage, an optimization algorithm is employed which requires solving the forward problem numerous times. Therefore, the forward algorithm must be solved with extremely fast and accurate solution methods. In constructing these forward methods, we employ reduced order Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) techniques. The POD technique is a method which creates an 'optimal' ordered basis in the sense that information captured in the first few basis elements is maximized. One then uses a fixed number (based on a quantitative formula for percentage energy captured) of the first few basis elements, called the reduced POD basis, in the forward algorithm. Since one uses only a small number of basis elements, one is able to create a fast forward algorithm that accurately represents the relevant information. In this paper, for illustrative purposes and proof-of-concept, we consider rectangular 'cracks' parameterized by a vector parameter q representing the length, thickness, depth, center, etc. of the damage. We attempt to recapture the parameters of a damage assuming we have access to the magnetic flux density B. Our analysis uses simulated data perturbed with normally distributed noise to represent corrupted experimental data. When recapturing the length and thickness of a damage using the component of the magnetic flux density orthogonal to the eddy current flow in the sample, the methods are shown to be efficient and robust even with data containing 10% relative noise.


This article analyzes the evolution, and the current crisis of the so-called Welfare State. First, the evolution of the deficit of the public sector in OECD countries is studied with a special emphasis on the analysis of the items wich compose the Welfare State. The author then interprets the causes of the crisis, and studies the implications of the various political models in the maintenance and evolution of the Welfare State. The study ends with consideration to the various measures to contain its cost, with special attention to labour market reform, so as to achieve a sustainable public budget in the medium run.


The thesis puts forward a business management theory from an entrepreneur perspective,which is defined as Holistic Management Theory.Different from Management Science or Scientific Management,Holistic Management focused more on the role of the brain of an entrepreneur,especially the effect of the will,faith,enthusiasm and trust.Different from the common faith in the mechanism to ensure the normal operation of an enterprise,which is so called modern enterprise system,Holistic Management unveils some logical drawbacks and application constraint of this system.Different from General Equilibrium Economics,we argue that an excellent entrepreneur see the market imbalance in both time and space dimensions,therefore can speculate well.Different from the faith in system,an excellent entrepreneur trust his team more.Hence,Holistic Management concludes,Management Science is technology,not management.We also argue that Scientific Management deals with rules and standards rather than the art of leadership.What is modernized in western enterprises is not management but technology.


Abstract A 75-year integration of a coupled atmosphere–ocean model is examined for tropical interannual variability. The atmospheric model has interactive cloud and a seasonal cycle. The fluxes of heat and salinity into the ocean component of the model are flux corrected. The model has tropical variability that is qualitatively similar to that of the observed El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The maximum amplitude of the model Nino3 signal is approximately half that observed and the modeled ENSO timescale is greater than that observed. In the first 50 years of the integration the model has eight warm events. Each event is one of two types: one characterized by a standing SST anomaly in the central and eastern Pacific and the other by a westward propagating sea surface temperature anomaly. The majority of the model warm events are of the first type. The first type of event is triggered by the eastward propagation of Kelvin waves across the Pacific, and the second by westward propagation of warm temperat...


This study applied need theories to understand leadership motivation in college and university presidencies. Eight presidents from colleges and universities in a midwestern and a southeastern state were interviewed. The participants had been in their present position for at least three years. Included were two leaders from research universities, two from doctoral-granting universities, one from a masters-granting university, and three from baccalaureate or liberal arts institutions. A thematic approach was used to analyze the texts of the interview transcripts. The results indicated that the presidents were motivated by a need for achievement, affiliation, power, esteem, self-actualization, and growth. The study suggests that understanding and fulfilling the needs of academic presidents may promote their work satisfaction and motivation to provide sustained executive leadership in their institutions. It is likely that presidents whose needs are not aligned with those of their institutions may experience a heightened sense of personal conflict, may find their work to be meaningless, or may create unnecessary problems for other members of their organizations. (Contains 34 references.) (MDM) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** tiN Applying Need Theories to Understand Leadership Motivation in College and University Presidencies William Agbor-Baiyee, Ph.D. Indiana University School of Medicine 635 Barnhill Drive Indianapolis, IN 46202, U.S.A. Paper Presented at the American Educational Research Association San Diego, April 15, 1998


The unsteady aerodynamics of the 040A orbiter have been explored experimentally. The results substantiate earlier predictions of the unsteady flow boundaries for a 60 deg swept delta wing at zero yaw and with no controls deflected. The test revealed a previously unknown region of discontinuous yaw characteristics at transonic speeds. Oilflow results indicate that this is the result of a coupling between wing and fuselage flows via the separated region forward of the deflected elevon. In fact, the large leeward elevon deflections are shown to produce a multitude of nonlinear stability effects which sometimes involve hysteresis. Predictions of the unsteady flow boundaries are made for the current orbiter. They should carry a good degree of confidence due to the present substantiation of previous predictions for the 040A. It is proposed that the present experiments be extended to the current configuration to define control-induced effects. Every effort should be made to account for Reynolds number, roughness, and possible hot-wall effects on any future experiments.


Background: Glomerular disease is a common disease in clinical practice and the leading cause of the end stage renal disease. Most of the patients presented with multiple clinical syndromes which depended on the renal pathology without any epidemiological studies were available in Vachira Phuket hospital and this area. Clinical characteristics and kidney biopsy were important roles for diagnosis and developing appropriate treatment regimens. Objective: To study the Correlation between clinical syndrome and the pathologic results of kidney biopsy of the patients with Glomerular disease at the nephro clinic, Vachira Phuket hospital. Method: This study was a descriptive retrospective study medical records of patients who were diagnosed with Glomerular disease at nephro clinic, Vachira Phuket hospital between January 2013 and December 2015, were reviewed. Patient's demographic data, clinical characteristics, details of laboratory tests, renal pathology, 6 months follow up and treatment outcomes were recorded. Results: A Total of 65 patients kidney biopsy data were collected during this period. The ratio of female to male was 1.7:1, average age was 41.52 years (SD = 14.36). The patients were primary glomerular disease 52.3% and secondary glomerular disease 47.7%. The most common renal pathological findings were Lupus nephritis (LN), IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and Minimal Change Disease (MCD) accounting for 24.6%, 20% and 13.9%, respectively. The most common clinical syndrome were Nephrotic nephritis syndrome, Nephrotic syndrome and Asymptomatic urinary abnormalities 36.9%, 32.3% and 15.4%, respectively. The most of treatment response show clinical syndrome and renal pathology were Nephrotic nephritis syndrome and Lupus nephritis (LN). The patients whom were poor response to treatment presented with Nephrotic syndrome, IgA nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy. Conclusion: The study of clinical characteristics, results of kidney biopsy pathology of Glomerular disease patients in Vachira Phuket Hospital, this study will be apply to the patients' treatment plan effectively in the area. The follow up and data analyzed should be done to improve and enhance clinical outcomes within this group. Keyword : Glomerular diseases, Clinical syndrome, renal pathology


ABSTRACT Port devolution and port governance are focal issues in port studies. This paper argues that the previous typology of port devolution and port governance, including port function matrix models, might have to be modified, in particular for Asian port cases, because they have not considered socio, economic, and political systems and historical aspects behind the port devolution continuum. This paper uses the "compound eyes" approach comprising of many similar, closely-packed facets called ommatidia, with a multiple angle view, to revisit and review previous port devolution and governance models. The paper aims to identify the limitations and rectify fallacies in previous port studies by conducting a critical review and taking a couple of Asian container port cases as examples. This paper contributes to the literature of port devolution and governance, illuminating crucial gaps that the previous studies have not addressed.


In this paper, a new patch type small sized wideband frequency selective surface (FSS) is proposed. The FSS unit cell size is only 6×6 mm2 which is designed on FR-4 epoxy substrate of thickness 0.8mm. The proposed FSS covers wideband spectrum from 8.1 to 16.1 GHz (66.15%) with reflection coefficient ($S_{11}$) near 0 dB and transmission coefficient ($S_{21}$) less than −;10 dB. With such small geometry and wideband coverage, the FSS is useful to work in the X band and Ku band while shielding the L, S and C bands for various wireless communication applications.


Time delays are generally unavoidable in the designing frameworks for mechanical and electrical systems and so on.. In both continuous and discrete schemes, the existence of delay creates undesirable impacts on the under-thought which forces exacting constraints on attainable execution.The presence of delay confounds the design structure procedure also. It makes continuous systems boundless dimensional and also extends the readings in discrete systems fundamentally. As the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller based on internal model control is essential and strong to address the vulnerabilities and aggravations of the model. But for an real industry process, they are less susceptible to noise than the PID controller.It results in just one tuning parameter which is the time constant of the closed-loop system λ, the internal model control filter factor.It additionally gives a decent answer for the procedure with huge time delays. The design of the PID controller based on the internal model control, with approximation of time delay using Pade' and Taylor's series is depicted in this paper. The first order filter used in the design provides good set-point tracking along with disturbance rejection.


Abstract We examined the roles of sex and spatial scale in habitat selection by Alaskan moose Alces alces gigas. We GPS-collared 11 female and seven male adult moose in the Tongass National Forest, Alaska, USA, during 2002-2004. We predicted that adult male and female moose would be spatially separated outside of the mating season, consistent with hypotheses attributing sexual segregation among sexually dimorphic ruminants to allometric differences in body and gastrointestinal size, and resulting differential needs for nutrient requirements by the sexes (the gastrocentric hypothesis), and varying risks of predation (the predation hypothesis) between sexes, especially for females with young. We predicted that habitat selection would be similar between sexes during the mating season, but dissimilar and occur at different scales during periods of late gestation and lactation. We expected that during segregation, females would select for a higher percentage of forested cover and a higher edge density than males to reduce predation risk on their young. Furthermore, we examined whether differences in scale of habitat selected between the sexes was related to home-range size. Multi-response Permutation Procedures (MRPP) analysis indicated that the spatial distributions of adult males and females differed, particularly near or during parturition. The sexes selected habitats similarly during the mating season (rut), when sexes generally were aggregated, whereas sexes exhibited differential habitat selection during spring, when sexes were segregated. Habitat selection by both sexes was best explained by vegetation and landscape composition tabulated within 1,000-m radii centered on GPS locations of moose. The sexes did not differ in the scale at which they selected habitats. Mean size of the annual home range was 76 km2 for females and 125 km2 for males, but size of home range was not related to scale of habitat selection by moose. Our results indicate that females were likely selecting habitat with high-quality forage while minimizing predation risk during periods of sexual segregation, whereas males were selecting habitat that allowed high forage intake, which together provide support for both the gastrocentric and the predation hypotheses.


O'Neill, et al. (2004) showed how to find equilibrium-supporting prices in markets that have economies of scale and are modeled as Mixed Integer Programs. We review that result and describe the conditions under which a firm with a new technology can use these prices to determine whether market entry is profitable. JEL Subject code: D4


This paper describes design of Biometric Voting Machine Using Fingerprint Scanner and Arduino for voting in institutes and organizations. Indian constitution empowers its citizen to exercise right to vote. Election decides the future of country, so that the system used for voting should be trustworthy. The conventional system for voting is ballot paper and Electronic voting machine too, has many flaws and trust issues. To eradicate malpractice and defrauding of the above methods of voting, we have designed an advanced system by using arduino and Fingerprint module. In this system, a person has to register a fingerprint ID with the system which will be centrally stored in arduino. In organizations, educational institutes, a co-operative bank, maximum number of votes elect head of organization that holds the office of public interest. For confirmation of voter, the name of the candidate will be displayed on LCD for whom the voter has cast a vote. It has simple hardware design and it is easily accessible. In case user wants to remove any of stored ID then the user need to press DEL key, after pressing DEL key, LED will ask to select ID that is to be deleted. After pressing OK key, the selected ID will be deleted and LCD will display that which ID has been deleted successfully. This system is flexible to use.


OBJECTIVE:To prepare different compound scald preparations and to investigate their repairing effects for deep Ⅱ° scald in rabbits.METHODS:The deep Ⅱ° scald model was established in depilated rabbits by infrared radiation.Then the rabbits in the trial groups were treated with the same drug at different dosage and different forms of medication:compound scalded gels,compound scalded ointments and the compound scalded films,with Moist Exposed Burn Ointment as positive control and 0.9% NaCl aqueous solutions blank.After a certain time of treatment,the contraction of the scald skin was observed and the average value of the diameter of the scald skin was calculated.RESULTS:In three trial groups and Moist Exposed Burn Ointment positive control group,no scald infection occurred,and the healing surfaces of the scalds were all smooth and even.However,the healing time was different between 3 trial groups and Moist Exposed Burn Ointment positive control group,with compound scalded gels showing the best efficacy in that the scald surfaces were free from infection,the healing surfaces were smooth and even,and the contracted diameter of the scalded skin was significantly lower than in other groups,showing significant differences as compared with other groups(P0.05).CONCLUSION:The compound scalded gels have remarkable repairing effect on deep Ⅱ° scald model in skin of the rabbits.


This article examines the use of a coating paste to alter the surface properties of aggregates so that previously unsuitable materials can be used in road surfacing. The research selected one aggregate unsuitable for use in bituminous surfacing, and one which was frequently used, and applied the coating paste to both. Adsorption was tested and the coating improved adsorptivity in both types of aggregate, demonstrating the effectiveness of the coating to convert a poor aggregate into a usable one. Deformation of the bituminous mixture was also tested and resulted in low deformation for the coated aggregates.


Jacobi-Angelesco multiple orthogonal polynomials are polynomials with orthogonality conditions on r disjoint intervals, with a Jacobi weight function. We will take r intervals which start at 0 and end in the r roots of unity, thereby forming a symmetric rstar. We give explicit formulas and properties of the type I and type II multiple orthogonal polynomials. We also explain how type I Legendre-Angelesco polynomials appear in the theory of multiwavelets. Certain Results for the Sheffer Convolution of the GouldHopper Polynomials Subuhi Khan (Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India) E-mail : firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract: The Sheffer class contains important sequences such as the Hermite, Laguerre, Bessel, Bernoulli, Poisson-Charlier polynomials etc. These polynomials have applications in physics and number theory. The special polynomials of two variables provided new means of analysis for the solution of large classes of partial differential equations often encountered in physical problems. The study of hybrid and mixed type special polynomials have witnessed a significant evolution during the recent years. The importance of the 2-variable forms of the special polynomials and Sheffer sequences provided motivation for this work. In this work, the Gould-Hopper and Sheffer polynomials are combined to introduce a hybrid family namely the Gould-Hopper-Sheffer polynomials family by using operational methods. The determinant form and other properties of these polynomials are established. Examples of some members belonging to this family are considered and numbers related to some mixed special polynomials are also explored. The Sheffer class contains important sequences such as the Hermite, Laguerre, Bessel, Bernoulli, Poisson-Charlier polynomials etc. These polynomials have applications in physics and number theory. The special polynomials of two variables provided new means of analysis for the solution of large classes of partial differential equations often encountered in physical problems. The study of hybrid and mixed type special polynomials have witnessed a significant evolution during the recent years. The importance of the 2-variable forms of the special polynomials and Sheffer sequences provided motivation for this work. In this work, the Gould-Hopper and Sheffer polynomials are combined to introduce a hybrid family namely the Gould-Hopper-Sheffer polynomials family by using operational methods. The determinant form and other properties of these polynomials are established. Examples of some members belonging to this family are considered and numbers related to some mixed special polynomials are also explored. Multiple Orthogonal Polynomials and Their Properties Galina Filipuk (University of Warsaw, Poland) E-mail : email@example.com Abstract: In this talk I shall review basic definitions and properties of multiple orthogonal polynomials (MOPs). In particular, I shall explain how to obtain differential equations for MOPs and show that the roots of some of these polynomials and of their Wronskians have regular patterns in the complex plane. The talk is based on the following papers: In this talk I shall review basic definitions and properties of multiple orthogonal polynomials (MOPs). In particular, I shall explain how to obtain differential equations for MOPs and show that the roots of some of these polynomials and of their Wronskians have regular patterns in the complex plane. The talk is based on the following papers:


Various qualitative and evolutionary fuzzy modeling techniques have been used by. resea.rchers for IIOII linear system modeling. Evolutionary fuzzy modeling involves near opt,imal synt.hesis of fuzzy rules a.nd membership lunct.ion parameters using the genetic a.lgorit,hm optimization technique. However, in real life, several complex problems have mult.iple, equal or unequal, optimal solutions. This paper propose Evolutionary Fuzzy Modeling wit,h Clustered Niches (EFMCN) a.lgorithm to discover hierarchical clnst.ers which may be used to ident.ify these multiple fuzzy models. The niches are ident,ified using a sharing funct,ion which modifies t,he fit,ness of the individuals in a population based on a normalized distance measure, in conjunction with a centroid rlust ering algorit.hm. The main comp0nent.s of EFMCN are (;enrt.ic Algorit,hm (GA), Niching, Clustering, objective funct,ion. and Frizzy Syst,em (FS). The availabi1it.y of alterna1.e solu!.ions provides the user wit.11 the rr~uch needed flexibility in ma.king cost effective choices. The paper concludes wit,h a. discussion on possible applications a.nd fut,ure directions.


Data dependency, often presented as directed acyclic graph (DAG), is a crucial application semantics for the performance of data analytic platforms such as Spark. Spark comes with two built-in schedulers, namely FIFO and Fair scheduler, which do not take advantage of data dependency structures. Recently proposed DAG-aware task scheduling approaches, notably GRAPHENE, have achieved significant performance improvements but paid little attention to cache management. The resulted data access patterns interact poorly with the built-in LRU caching, leading to significant cache misses and performance degradation. On the other hand, DAG-aware caching schemes, such as Most Reference Distance (MRD), are designed for FIFO scheduler instead of DAG-aware task schedulers.In this paper, we propose and develop a middleware Dagon, which leverages the complexity and heterogeneity of DAGs to jointly execute task scheduling and cache management. Dagon relies on three key mechanisms: DAG-aware task assignment that considers dependency structure and heterogeneous resource demands to reduce potential resource fragmentation, sensitivity-aware delay scheduling that prevents executors from long waiting for tasks insensitive to locality, and priority-aware caching that makes the cache eviction and prefetching decisions based on the stage priority determined by DAG-aware task assignment. We have implemented Dagon in Apache Spark. Evaluation on a testbed shows that Dagon improves the job completion time by up to 42% and CPU utilization by up to 46% respectively, compared to GRAPHENE plus MRD.


After several centuries of enquiry into the nature of the family, in 1999 kinship studies is faced with new and unfamiliar incarnations of family and a subsequent need for new models. Past family models have been primitive promiscuity, the nuclear family and more recently the technologically aided kinship of a fertilisation dish. At times the discipline in producing models has wandered into self indulgent fantasies, the fascination of the Victorian armchair anthropologists with the sexuality of less repressed cultures than their own and the resultant theorisation of "primitive promiscuity", the academically fulfilling but insensitive theorisation of Claude Levi-Strauss in which women were elegantly reduced to objects in exchange systems. This theorising, though of the grand style, was sufficiently self indulgent that it was of little use to real men and women. Beyond esoteric concerns with the sexual behaviours of other cultures, the family has been perceived as somewhat irrelevant to sociology as a discipline; a substantive area that was safe, dull while the excitement of where it all happened for the discipline and for research was in politics, and economics. However the world has changed while theorists of sociology and anthropology have been looking the other way.


ABSTRACT This article focuses on the articulation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ+) identities, lives, and rights at Pride events in Hong Kong. I argue that analyzing Pride as a Foucauldian "regime of truth" reveals how it is embedded in and reproduces broader ideological effects and structures of global capitalism. Focusing specifically on the corporate Out Leadership Asia Summit and Hong Kong Migrants Pride, organized by migrant domestic worker (MDW) unions and LGBTQ+ activists, the article explores transnational discourses of "global homocapitalism" that frame LGBTQ+ identities in individual and economically productive terms. By contrast, Migrants Pride highlights the exploitation of work and the precarity of MDWs and forges intersectional alliances with the feminist social justice movement. These differing conceptions of LGBTQ+ lives and needs form a contested "politics of truth" that exposes the tense and incongruous relationships between local and global, neo-liberal and collective, and rich and poor that underpin the dynamics of privilege and marginality of LGBTQ+ subjects in Hong Kong. The article argues that Pride's co-option is an uneven and shifting process across global contexts. Migrants Pride, by enacting queer resistance to discourses of "corporate Pride," offers a case study of how Pride can be a platform for social justice activism.


The auther made a clinical and hystological observatons on the process of the grafted mucous menbranes making use of akaike's method. The results were as follows.In the period of 25 to 50 days after the transprantation, these grafted (pathologicl) mucous menbrans of 31 cases showed their clinical recovery in 66.7 per ct. of them; and in the period of 60 to 90 days, they showed their clinical recovery in 89 per ct.In this pathological and histological process of 23 cases; especially in the period of 300 days after the transplantation, the grafted mucous menbranes, which had ciliar epitheliums as many as columnar epitheliums when they where transplanted, turned on the flat epitheliums gradually and in the period of 30 to 50 days turned on the flat epitheliums perfectly. In 60 to 80 days, ciliar epitheliums and columnar epitheliums increased again. The former were nearly equivalent to the latter. And at last, most of the grafted mucous menbrans were transformed into the ciliar epitheliums. Most of the storomas had showed the serious state of chronic inflamation when they were transplanted. But they gradually grew smaller and smaller, and in the period of 140 to 180 day after the transplantation they shwed the state of repose a little. And then, in the period of 250 to 300 days, almost all showed the state of repose perfectly. Through this process, the fibrosis tendency of these grafted mucous menbranese becom gradully conspicuous. As for the glands, they were observed in many cases on the transplantation. But in the period of 10 to 20 days, most of the glands of them disappeared. And the authar recognized; in the period of 60 to 80 days after the transplation, the glands wher found again in some part of the grafted place, and still more after, they gradually increased.


SUMMARY Observed coseismic data as well as 97 days of post-seismic GPS data for the Chi-Chi earthquake are used as constraints in the modelling of crustal evolution using the 3-D finite-element method. First, the coseismic GPS data are used to justify the use of the elastic earth model and the source rupture model. Subsequently, the most likely rheological model is determined by analysing several modelled time-dependent displacements for various viscosity structures. The range of viscosities of the lower crust in central Taiwan is determined in advance from laboratory measurements and the long-term strain rate. The estimated viscosity of 5.0 × 10 17 P as seems to be very low and a relaxation time of 116 days seems very short, but the latter approximates the GPS measurement of 86 days. Since earlier studies have indicated that both the viscoelastic response model and the afterslip model may affect post-seismic deformation, we compare theoretical surface displacements for each of the two models that we evaluate. The results reveal that there is little doubt that while neither of these models alone is able to predict the GPS measurements well in a 97-day period, the combination of the two models improves the predictions considerably. We conclude that the afterslip mainly dominated Chi-Chi post-seismic deformation in the rupture area while the viscoelastic model did so elsewhere.


In this paper the pro-environmental legislation, both European and National, are presented. The Greek laws have completely adapted to the relevant European framework. EOAE (Egnatia Odos S.A.), having the responsibility to accomplish the bigger motorway project under construction in Europe, developed procedures and issued guidelines for the optimal application of the environmental conditions. These guidelines (OSAT) are incorporated in the tender of the project and should be followed. To sustain environmental and cultural assets, EOAE changed the horizontal alignment of the motorway at certain areas and constructed viaducts and tunnels to leave unaffected the ground surface. EOAE, taking care for the preservation of water resources, constructed closed pavement drainage systems, where required. Also, EOAE conducts research on the most effective application of planting works in difficult slopes. Finally, significant funds have been allocated for archaeological research along the route of the motorway. For the covering abstract see ITRD E118499.


Enhanced quantization is an improved program for overcoming difficulties which may arise during an ordinary canonical quantization procedure. We review here how this program applies for a particle on circle.


Clear cell carcinoma of the male urethra is extremely rare. Its presentation as recurrent urethral fistulae has never been described. We herein present such a case, which had neither hematuria nor obstructive symptoms. Persistent recurrent periurethral abscesses and fistulae should lead one to suspect that there may be an underlying pathology and one should rule out carcinoma of the urethra.


Background Lymphedema in the presence of ulcers and lymphorrhea inducing cellulitis hinders the quality of life and mobility of the patients, and might continue inducing severe infection that might result in life-threatening infection, both bacterial and fungal. Since the negative-pressure wound therapy is a recognized modality of wound healings in such a context as lymphedema, it might induce a remarkable withdrawal and decrease in lymphorrhea and lymph fluid, resulting in a decrease of girth and heaviness of the limb, thus improving the quality of life. Also, it helps in promoting wound healing of the ulcers by improving the blood supply of the granulation tissues. Patients and methods Patients with lymphedema and lymphorrhea, cellulitis and edema, and ulcers were subjected to negative-pressure wound healing for 1 month after excluding anemic, uncontrolled diabetics, ischemic, or those with a venous disease (reflux or deep venous thrombosis). Results In this prospective study, 23 patients were recruited, where 22 patients continued the protocol for four weeks, 14 females and nine males. The mean age was 53 years. No adverse effects were observed as a result of this technique. One patient lost to follow-up and did not continue the protocol; all 22 patients were satisfied regarding the quality of life and social well-being. The negative-pressure wound healing therapy reduced the diameter of the treated limbs by the withdrawal of lymph and complete cessation of lymphorrhea, and thus decreasing the cellulitis induced by the lymphorrhea on the surrounding skin and also markedly reduced the diameters and hence the heaviness of the lower limbs. Last but not least, all ulcers reduced in diameter and adequate clean granulation tissue developed in the vicinity of the ulcer. Moreover, 5 of 23 patients' ulcers were completely healed. Conclusion Vacuum-assisted closure therapy in the presence of lymphedema, ulcers, and lymphorrhea and cellulitis provides a reasonable methodology of treatment by suction of lymphorrhea, thus stopping it with the consequent stopping of high-protein lymphorrhea, resulting in improvement of cellulitis, and a decrease in girth and diameter of the lymphedematous limb. Last but not least, it markedly improves healthy granulation and epithelization, resulting in wound closure. Further studies to confirm the role of vacuum-assisted closure therapy in lymphedema in the presence of ulceration are recommended.


ANDREW FULLERTON died on 22nd May, aged 66 years. After his retirement, last year, he had a serious operation, but recovered sufficiently to resume his private practice. Soon afterwards fresh symptoms developed, but it was hoped that he would improve with rest. Unfortunately this hope was not realized, and an operation became imperative. It was then apparent that there was little hope of recovery, and despite all his colleagues could do for him he succumbed.


The invention discloses a thiabendazole and 2-cyano-3-phenyl-3-amino ethyl acrylate compounded bactericidal composition. The composition contains thiabendazole and 2-cyano-3-phenyl-3-amino ethyl acrylate with the weight ratio of (1:10)-(10:1). The invention also discloses application of the thiabendazole and 2-cyano-3-phenyl-3-amino ethyl acrylate compounded bactericidal composition to wheat scab prevention. Compared with a single agent, the bactericidal composition has the remarkable synergism on wheat scab, can remarkably improve the prevention and control effect, can replace part of high-poison bactericides, reduces the environmental pollution and residue of agricultural products, and also can delay the Fusarium graminearumt, and the amount of the compounded bactericidal composition is ireduced.


5-Aminotetrazole (AT) behaves as a weak acid and can be used to obtain nitrogen-rich energetic salts and ionic liquids. These AT salts have been characterized by IR, NMR, elemental analysis, thermal stability, phase behavior, and density. The salt 2 contains 82% nitrogen, and 7 has the highest nitrogen content (68%) of any known room temperature ionic liquid. Compound 5 crystallizes in the chiral orthorhombic system P2(1)2(1)2(1). Based on their calculated heats of formation, detonation properties, and thermal and hydrolytic stabilities, these stable AT compounds hold promise for energetic applications.


DB1 gasfield is situated in the western part of Kelasu structural belt in Kuqa depression,the gas reserve in DB1 is more than 1 000×108 m3.The structural and geological conditions are very complicated,there are thick gravel areas and high mountains on the surface,evaporate salt bed developed underground.The structural styles are mainly fault-propagation folds above the salt layers and fault-bend folds under it.The research concludes that DB1 structure is complicated,in which the faults control hydrocarbon's accumulation and structural characteristics,not only influence the reservoir,but also connect to reservoir and source rock,and decide the condition of the reservoir preserved or destroyed.Above all,it is the key factor to study fault characteristics which could make us know DB1 gas field better.


We consider an initial boundary value problem for a symmetrizable mixed hyperbolic-parabolic system of conservation laws with a small viscosity e, u e t + F(u e ) x = e(B(u e )u e x) x . When the boundary is noncharacteristic for both the viscous and the inviscid system, and the boundary condition dissipative, we show that u e converges to a solution of the inviscid system before the formation of shocks if the amplitude of the boundary layer is sufficiently small. This generalizes previous results obtained for B invertible and the linear study of Serre and Zumbrun obtained for a pure Dirichlet's boundary condition.


This paper presents a concise tutorial on spectral clustering for broad spectrum graphs which include unipartite (undirected) graph, bipartite graph, and directed graph. We show how to transform bipartite graph and directed graph into corresponding unipartite graph, therefore allowing a unified treatment to all cases. In bipartite graph, we show that the relaxed solution to the K-way co-clustering can be found by computing the left and right eigenvectors of the data matrix. This gives a theoretical basis for K-way spectral co-clustering algorithms proposed in the literatures. We also show that solving row and column co-clustering is equivalent to solving row and column clustering separately, thus giving a theoretical support for the claim: "column clustering implies row clustering and vice versa". And in the last part, we generalize the Ky Fan theorem — which is the central theorem for explaining spectral clustering — to rectangular complex matrix motivated by the results from bipartite graph analysis.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the professional profile (location and professional activity) of egress of the graduate program in Pediatric Dentistry of School of Dentistry of University of Sao Paulo. For this, the number and the contact of the egresses of Master's and PhD courses with concentration area in Pediatric Dentistry were requested with the coordinating body of the graduate program of the Institution. The location and the professional activity exercised by each of the egresses was evaluated by the Lattes Platform (Curriculum Lattes - CL) since the conclusion of the graduate course, considering the updates of this system until September 2012.To describe the  results,  were  considered the participant's gender, date of registry in the graduate program, date of the defense of dissertation and / or thesis, update date of the CL, place and type of professional activity exercised today (teaching or clinical). From 65 students (54 females and 11 males), 44 are linked in teaching. The most of them work in Sao Paulo and update their CL frequently. Clinical activities were not often reported in CL.


Introduction: Investigating the correlations between bone ongrowth and HA resorption on coated implants is important to understand the contribution of resorbable coatings on implant fixation and periprosthetic bone remodelling. It is only possible histomorphometrically and this study measured bone apposition and residual HA on hip stems of one single design. Methods: Post-mortem retrievals of 13 ABG-I (Stryker) hip stems from 13 patients (10f, 3m, age: 58–86yrs, uneventful THA, death unrelated to hip diseases). The time from implantation (stem in-vivo) ranged between 3.3 to 11.2yrs. Three cross sections were cut from the metaphyseal femur and surrounding bone proximal to Gruen zones 2 and 6 (regions with HA coating). The three sections were A (proximal), B (mid-part) and C (distal). Sections were prepared using the Donath technique and then paragon stained for quantitative histomorphometry using an Axioskop microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany) with image analysing (SAMBA, France). For each segment the total implant perimeter, percentage of implant perimeter covered by bone and the total percentage of residual HA coating were measured. Bone implant contact was defined as direct ongrowth of bone to the coating or the titanium surface. Results: HA resorption increased significantly with the time in-vivo as measured by the residual HA (e.g. 6yrs: Avg.=10.1%, p=0.02). This correlation was true for all sections A, B and C (p=0.02–0.03). Beyond 8yrs HA was almost gone. Bone ongrowth ranged between 18%–56% and was independent of the time in-vivo. Bone ongrowth was most strongly correlated to patient age with younger patients having significantly higher bone ongrowth (p=0.001). Bone ongrowth was correlated with HA-resorption only in the most proximal zone A (p=0.001) with lower ongrowth associated with lower levels of residual HA. However, HA resorption was not significantly correlated with patient age. HA resorption was significantly higher most proximally with less residual HA (13.0%) than mid-stem (22.6%, p=0.05) and distal (28.1%, p=0.05). Metaphyseal stem level and bone ongrowth were not significantly correlated in this manner. Discussion: HA resorption increased with implantation time and was nearly completed at 8yrs. As bone ongrowth was independent of time in-vivo and independent of HA resorption on the mid-part and distal coated stem sections there is evidence that long term implant fixation is not diminished while the HA coating is being resorbed. Bone ongrowth but not HA resorption was strongly correlated to patient age indicating that the bone remodelling process is more affected by individual bone health than it can be stimulated by HA coating. HA resorption increased significantly from the distal to mid-stem and the most proximal coating level in the same way as stress shielding and thus osteoclastic stimulation goes up.


On the afternoon of 16 August 2004, the village of Boscastle on the north coast of Cornwall was severely damaged by flooding. A substantial number of people were helped to safety by the emergency services, though thankfully and perhaps remarkably, given the severity and suddenness of the event, there was no loss of human life. This paper presents an analysis of the meteorological conditions leading to the event, using operational observations and analyses, with additional insight from experimental high-resolution model simulations of the event. Evidence will be presented on the soil conditions prior to the event, the meteorological conditions that generated the storms, the temporal and spatial characteristics of the rain and the small-scale mechanisms which focused extreme conditions in the Boscastle area.


When a ground fault occurs in the distribution network, it will cause a large-scale and long-term power outage on the entire line, which will have a significant impact on the safe and stable operation of the power system. In order to improve the real-time and accuracy of online monitoring of distribution network ground faults, a suitable ground fault monitoring method based on the phase difference detection on transmission lines is proposed. The way we detect the occurrence of ground faults is as follows: we first measure the three-phase voltage, current, and difference of their phase on the transmission line, and then we use the sudden changes of the phase difference between voltage and current as our criterion to determine whether ground faults occur or not. In order to search ground faults rapidly on the entire transmission line, it is necessary to install measurement devices at important nodes. According to the comparison of simulation tests, we find that the ground fault location judgment method based on the phase difference can detect the ground faults accurately, which is of great significance to guarantee the safety of the power supply.


There is spruce forests degradation observed in the Silesian Beskid. The aim of the work was the assessment of parameters diversifying organic layers of soils in two forest areas: degraded and healthy spruce forests of Silesian Beskid. 23 soil samples were collected from two fields—14 soil samples from a degraded forest and 9 soil samples from a forest, where pandemic dying of spruce is not observed. Implementation of hierarchical clustering to experimental data analysis allowed drawing a conclusion that the two forest areas vary significantly in terms of content of aluminium extracted with solutions of barium chloride ( ), sodium diphosphate ( ), and and in the amount of humus in soil.


This paper examines how ethnic, regional, and religious identities are reflected in language use in Senegal (where Wolof is the major lingua franca). I argue that unlike pure Wolof, urban Wolof is a convergence language with no ethnic significance, as more and more uprooted members from other ethnic groups regard themselves as Wolof. Firstly, I provide a historical background of the interactions between languages in Senegal. Secondly, I show how ethnic and regional identities are enacted in speakers' language use and attitudes in the country. Finally, I examine how linguistic innovations serve as markers of group membership and religious identity.


Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of Yishen Huayu Decoction(YHD) in treating early diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods:Sixty early DN patients were equally randomized into the control group and treatment group.The two groups were given diet control and antihyperglycemic drugs.Additionally,the treatment group was given YHD,twice per day.The treatment lasted one month.Results:The total effective rate was 86.7% in the treatment group and 70.0% in the control group,the difference being significant between the two groups(P0.05).Treatment group had a better effect on decreasing 24-hour albumin excretion rate,β2-MG,PC and Fib than the control group {P 0.05).ConcluSion:YHD exerts certain effect on relieving the symptoms of early diabetic nephropathy.


In the area of the Moravian Gate at Stramberk (Moravia, Czech Republic) detailed field investigations of Thysanoptera were conducted. The Gate offers the possibility of dispersal of thrips species from the South to the North and vice versa. A total of 359 samples were collected, from which 2367 adult specimens of Thysanoptera belonging to 55 species were obtained. Between them are species having their main distribution in the Southern parts of Europe, such as Aptinothrips elegans, Anaphothrips atroapterus, A. euphorbiae, Chirothrips aculeatus, Limothrips consimilis, Neohydatothrips abnormis, Rubiothrips pillichi, R. validus and Theilopedothrips pilosus .Additionally species were found that are absent or dispersed in Southern Europe, such as Aptinothrips stylifer, Chirothrips hamatus, Odontothrips loti and Platythrips tunicatus . In ancient times these species may have used the Moravian Gate, which has been passed by large armies and many traders (the amber route), carrying all kinds of plant products with...


ABSTRACT The magnetic fabric of a convoluted sandstone is simple despite the complex deformation of the sedimentary structures. This is thought to be due to local fluidization of the sediment during deformation.


SIS100, the world second large scale heavy ion synchrotron using fast ramped superconducting magnets, is to be built at FAIR. Its high current operation of intermediate charge state ions requires stable vacuum pressures < 10-12 mbar under dynamic machine conditions which are only achievable when the whole beam pipe is used as an huge cryopump. In order to find technological feasible design solutions, three opposite requirements have to be met: minimum magnetic field distortion caused by AC losses, mechanical stability and low and stable wall temperatures of the beam pipe. We present the possible design versions of the beam pipe for the high current curved dipole. The pros and cons of these proposed designs were studied using simplified analytical models, FEM calculations and tests on models. c © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Horst Rogalla and Peter Kes.


In this paper, we recall a more generalized integral transform, a generalized convolution product and a generalized first variation on function space. The Gaussian process and the bounded linear operators on function space are used to define them. We then establish the existence and various relationships between the generalized integral transform and the generalized convolution product. Furthermore, we obtain some relationships between the generalized integral transform and the generalized first variation with the generalized Cameron–Storvick theorem. Finally, some applications are demonstrated as examples.


In this article the term youthful victims refers specifically to street children in Pretoria and ex-street children now housed in two assessment centres called Itumeleng and Zipha situated Sunnyside, Pretoria. As a means of introduction and in order to sketch a broad perspective of the phenomenon under investigation the following background is outlined.


This paper compares the application of two deterministic and three nondeterministic optimization algorithms to global transformer design optimization (TDO). Two deterministic optimization algorithms (mixed-integer nonlinear programming and heuristic algorithm) are compared to three nondeterministic approaches (harmony search, differential evolution, and genetic algorithm). All these algorithms are integrated in design optimization software applied and verified in the manufacturing industry. The comparison yields significant conclusions on the efficiency of the algorithms and the selection of the most suitable one for the TDO problem.


ABSTRACT Background Real-world safety data for the oral multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), dimethyl fumarate (DMF), fingolimod, and teriflunomide are important. We examined laboratory test abnormalities and adverse health conditions in new users. Methods Linked laboratory and administrative health data were accessed for all persons with MS (PwMS) filling their first oral DMT prescription in two Canadian provinces. PwMS were followed from first prescription fill until discontinuation, death, emigration or study end. Proportions of PwMS, and incidence rates (IR)/100 person-years, were calculated for ≥1 event of elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (>the upper limit of normal [ULN]; all DMTs), liver toxicity (ALT>3xULN; fingolimod); lymphopenia and proteinuria (DMF), and cardiac arrhythmia, hypertension and pneumonia (all DMTs). Results Overall, 1,140 PwMS were followed for up to 2 years. De novo elevated alanine aminotransferase affected 13.2% (DMF), 12.4% (teriflunomide), and 30.0% (fingolimod) of users. Liver toxicity affected 2.8% of fingolimod, lymphopenia 3.1% of DMF, and proteinuria 2.9% of DMF users. The incidences of cardiac arrhythmia, pneumonia and hypertension ranged from <1 to 1.86/100 person-years depending on the DMT. Conclusions The short-term, real-world incidences of abnormal laboratory results or adverse events were consistent with the pivotal clinical trial findings. Longer-term safety data are still needed.


Among a dozen known magnetar-candidates there are no binary objects. As an estimate of a fraction of binary neutron stars is about 3-10% it is reasonable to address the question of solitarity of magnetars, to estimate theoretically the fraction of binary objects among them, and to mark out the most probable companions. We present population synthesis calculations of binary systems. In this study we assume the hypothesis that magnetic field of a magnetar is generated at the protoneutron star stage due to dynamo mechanism, so rapid rotation of the core of a progenitor star is essential. Our goal is to estimate the number of neutron stars originated from progenitors with enhanced rotation. In our calculations the fraction of neutron stars originated from such progenitors is about 8-9%. This should be considered as an upper limit to the fraction of magnetars as some of progenitors can loose momentum. Most of these objects are isolated due to coalescences of components prior to a neutron star formation, or due to a system disruption after the second supernova explosion. The fraction of such neutron stars in survived binaries is about 1% or lower. Their most numerous companions are black holes.


Abrasion on the coast of Riau Province is becoming a serious problem that has not found an effective solution. The development of breakwaters and mangrove rehabilitation has not provided maximum benefits for the environment and society. The research was conducted in Mekong Village, West Tebingtinggi District, Meranti Islands Regency. The purpose of the study looked at how the model handled abrasion in the study area. Using a qualitative approach conducted interviews with the public, stakeholders and experts in the field of environment. Our results found there is a paradigm of handling abrasion that is wrong by making walls using both organic and plastic waste. This method has not shown effective results in withstanding ocean waves and preventing abrasion. However, in terms of environmental models handling abrasion with garbage deposits actually pollute the environment. To handle abrasion well we argue more modern ways are needed or apply the concept of ecological modernization. The concept integrates modern science and technology from industrial societies to repair damaged or threatened environments. Ecological modernization as well as being a sustainable development effort in the field of environment, especially coastal. The application of ecological modernization is challenged including the orientation of thinking that has not been in favor of modern concepts, softfkill limitations, capital, and stakeholder support. This portrait shows the need for stakeholder intervention and cohesiveness in supporting and implementing ecological modernization in handling abrasion to be more effective and efficient


Resumen en: We propose to study the random laser problem. As a lasing system one considers an active gain medium interacting with a light field where the damping of ...


Given a set $\mathcal{S}$ of positive measure on the circle and a set of integers $\Lambda$, one may consider the family of exponentials $E\left(\Lambda\right):=\left\{ e^{i\lambda t}\right\}_{\lambda\in\Lambda}$ and ask whether it is a Riesz sequence in the space $L^{2}\left(\mathcal{S}\right)$. We focus on this question in connection with some arithmetic properties of the set of frequencies. Improving a result of Bownik and Speegle, we construct a set $\mathcal{S}$ such that $E\left(\Lambda\right)$ is never a Riesz sequence if $\Lambda$ contains arbitrary long arithmetic progressions of length $N$ and step $\ell=O\left(N^{1-\varepsilon}\right)$. On the other hand, we prove that every set $\mathcal{S}$ admits a Riesz sequence $E\left(\Lambda\right)$ such that $\Lambda$ does contain arbitrary long arithmetic progressions of length $N$ and step $\ell=O\left(N\right)$.


ABSTRACT Two assays were performed to estimate digestible threonine-lysine (Threo-Lys) ratio for female meat-type quails between 21 and 28 days old and between 28 and 35 days old. Experimental design was totally randomized. The first assay comprised 440 quails distributed into 5 treatments, 8 replications and 11 fowls per cage. The second assay comprised 280 quails distributed into 5 treatments, 8 replications and 7 fowls per cage. Five digestible Threo: Lys ratios were evaluated (0.66, 0.71, 0.76, 0.81 and 0.86). Performance, carcass and cut yield, chemical composition of carcass and nitrogen balance were evaluated. There was an improvement (P<0.05) in feed conversion and increase in feed intake due to ratios of digestible Threo: Lys between 21 and 28 and between 29 and 35 days olds, respectively. At 35 days old, there was a better (P<0.05) carcass yield and a negative nitrogen balance for Threo: Lys analyzed. A ratio of 0.86 may be recommended for digestible Threo: Lys as the best for feed conversion and carcass yield for female meat-type quails between 21 and 28 and between 28 and 35 days.


In order to implement the intensive, meticulous, real-time management for electric power marketing, Shandong Electric Power Corporation developed a marketing technology system, which combines the four business centers, the two virtual management centers and the five core businesses in a creative way. The system accords with the specification of SG186 project and covers all posts and work flow of provincial electric power marketing management. With running into operation successfully, the system has promoted the scientific marketing decision of Shandong Electric Power Corporation, optimized the business flow and organizing structure of the enterprise, improved the efficiency of marketing work and produced huge economical and social benefit.


The use of multilamellar lipid vesicles as carriers of disperse dyes on wool fibres has been studied. Liposomes made from egg phosphatidylcholine containing the anthraquinone dye CI Disperse Violet 1 at different phospholipidldye concentrations were used. The physical stability of these systems was assessed by measuring the mean vesicle size distribution of lipid vesicle suspensions after preparation and during dyeing. Kinetic aspects involving dye adsorption' and bonding on untreated and chlorinated wool samples by means of the liposomes at different dyellipid ratios were also investigated. This process led to the controlled dye exhaustion on wool, directly dependent on the relationship between the dye and lipid components, with a clear improvement in the dye-fibre bonding forces and in the dispersing efficiency, compared with conveniional dispersing agents. The optimum dye exhaustion was reached for the dyelphospholipid concentrations 0.53 and 1.0 mmolll respectively. The maximum amounts of dye bonded on untreated wool fibre were obtained for the same dyeilipid molar ratio. However, chlorinated wool samples showed a slight decrease in the total bonded dye as the chlorination level increased.


The detection of measurable residual disease (MRD) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during therapy and follow-up is important to identify leukemia persistence or recurrence to individualize treatment strategies. Complementing a range of molecular techniques, multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) has emerged as an inexpensive and faster method to monitor MRD. However, the manual analysis of such measurements via a sequential, 2-dimensional gating procedure is still time-consuming, rater-dependent and requires a high level of expertise.


Many organochlorine pesticides exert a specific carcinogenic effect on rodent liver, particularly in strains with a high spontaneous background of liver neoplasms. None have been demonstrated to be genotoxic. In contrast, DDT is a liver neoplasm promoter and recently several have been found to inhibit intercellular communication, a property associated with neoplasm promoters. Therefore, it is proposed that these agents produce their liver carcinogenicity through an epigenetic mechanism involving neoplasm promotion. A number of considerations indicate that the hazards of epigenetic carcinogenic agents are distinct from genotoxic carcinogens. Accordingly, the organochlorine pesticides are suggested not to represent a human cancer risk at low levels of exposure.


the post-operative phase decreases mixed venous oxygen saturation and thus increases oxygen consumption, but no intervention was carried out in that study. Heringlake et al. advocate a study indicating the benefit of maintaining SvO2470% and s-lactate 2 mmol/l. The primary positive outcome from this study was a statistically significant shorter length of stay in the hospital. However, the groups were not fully comparable because a substantially higher number of procedures known to require longer hospital stay were used in the control group. Inotropic treatment of patients with heart failure has been questioned in a meta-analysis. Normally, most patients have an adequate balance between oxygen delivery and consumption without stimulation. Further, as pre-operative values mostly are unknown and as the number of randomized studies on cardiac surgery patients, taking pre-operative general and hemodynamic status into account are few or lacking, it still remains to be proven that supranormal oxygen delivery improves outcome after cardiac surgery. However, we do not advocate NOT to stimulate cardiac patients in the post-operativephase, but to evaluate benefits against potential damage by whipping a suffering post-cardiopulmonary bypass heart and hence not just 'Pump on', but sometimes 'Hold your horses'. As knowledge of pre-operative data in cardiac patients collected the night before surgery is limited, we find that the wording 'may' in our conclusion is justified.


Cystectomy with orthotopic bladder substitution was successfully performed in 274 patients during the period from 1998 to2012. Indications were bladder cancer and organic non-malignant lesions of urinary bladder such as interstitial cystitis, microcystis, neurogenic bladder dysfunction and bladder-vaginal fistula. Cystolasty was performed using ileal and sigmoid segments and gastric flap. Good results were obtained in late postoperative period. Complications were mainly related to neobladder. Comprehensive diagnostics was the mainstay for its successful correction.


The jerangolids are a class of natural products with a skipped diene substructure isolated from Sorangium cellulosum. Here, we present a new strategy for the total synthesis of these compounds based on a skipped diyne as central building block and a suitably substituted epoxy aldehyde as building block for the dihydropyran substructure. So far, we reached an advanced intermediate which is related to the pharmacophore subunit of


READING RATE under a variety of conditions was investigated. Passages varying in difficulty level from grades 1-16 were read by 435 students varying from Grade 4 through college. For each reading ability level, reading rate was found to be approximately constant when estimates of rate were corrected for differences in word length. For example, college level students typically read the passages at each of a wide range of difficulty levels at an average rate of about 300 standard length words per minute, and they typically changed their rate about 14% from one difficulty level to another. Under one condition, an extra space was added between the words. Passages with these additional spaces were read by most ability levels at the same rate as normally spaced passages. Most readers, in typical or normal reading situations, appear to be able to move their eyes in a way that adjusts to differences in the spacing between words but does not adjust to differences in the information carried by the words. These data support the theory that individuals typically read at a constant rate rather than adjusting their rate to the difficulty level of the material.


The best of both worlds: The synthesis of carbon-encapsulated iron-based magnetic nanoparticles is described. With such small catalysts that have macroscopic magnetic properties, the advantages of homogeneous or colloidal and heterogeneous catalysts can be combined.


Ioannis Kapodistrias, the great Greek diplomat and politician, became the first Governor of
the new Greek state after the end of the revolution of 1821, during the period 1828 to 1831.
As Governor he announced the founding of the Greek state and promoted important reforms
for the organization of the state mechanism. Important parameters were the reorganization
of the armed forces, both the army and the navy, into regular corps under a single command.
The division of the state into departments and the organization of committees for their better
and easier administration. The organization of trade and the circulation of a new single
currency. As well as many other actions related to both the domestic and foreign policy of the
state.
 This thesis highlights and approaches this reorganization of the army through the study of
historical archives. In addition, some examples of evidence are presented through the creation
of an index – catalogue, so that it can be used as a research tool for the Archive of Kapodistrias.


Two recent papers [P. W. Ayers and R. G. Parr, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122, 2010 (2000); 123, 2007 (2001)] have shown how variational principles for the energy may be used to derive and elucidate the significance of the chemical reactivity indices of density-functional theory. Here, similar ideas are applied, yielding a systematic, mathematically rigorous, and physically sound approach to condensed reactivity indices. First, we use the variational principle for the energy to derive an expression for the condensed Fukui function index in terms of the condensed hardness kernel. Next, we address an important open problem pertaining to condensed reactivity indices: when (if ever) is the condensed Fukui function for an atom in a molecule negative? In particular, our analysis confirms the observation, hitherto based only on computational evidence, that the Hirshfeld partitioning is optimal for obtaining non-negative Fukui functions. We also hypothesize that the strong diagonal dominance of the condensed hardness kern...


Cattle production is the main economic activity of the department of Casanare, with 70% of its population engaged in farming, exposed to various diseases little known by farmers, as in the case of reproductive conditions, causing losses abortions, weak offspring and prolonged calving interval. In the municipality of Aguazul, Casanare, farmers report such symptoms that is related to bovine viral diarrhea, but do not know its cause and how to prevent, control and implement an appropriate vaccination scheme. Thus, the initial need to follow up on reports of abortions and then the clinical follow-up cows, fetuses and babies to evidence compatible with DVB cases detected Of detected cases described in this study 4 clinical pictures in the municipality of Aguazul Casanare located in the paths of Guaimaro, breezes Plan and Triumph of which 2 no vaccination is performed and positive properties to the IBR virus and DVB . An area makes vaccination to control IBR and BVD. Through this study, the lack of knowledge by the farmer about reproductive diseases to the point that the farmer had not seen the need for a scheme BVDV prevention and control was observed.


Summary Heat sterilization of milk destroyed about 50% of its folic acid activity, and subsequent exposure of the milk to sunlight caused a progressive further loss. This loss of folate, as of vitamin B12, was a consequence of the oxidative destruction of the milk's ascorbic acid, and was largely prevented by thorough exclusion of oxygen from the milk during heat processing and subsequent storage. With thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, vitamin B6 and biotin, stability towards heating and during exposure to sunlight was affected little, if at all, by the oxygen tension in the milk.


Absorptance is a property to perform thermal analysis and simulations, as it allows obtaining more reliable results. Based on this, this article aims to apply a comparison methodology, adapted from Dornelles (2007b) to determine approximate absorptance values. With the help of a database and the WUFI Pro 5.0 ® program, simulations are carried out in the north orientation, of four different buildings, for analysis of the maximum temperature and the thermal amplitude, as a way of exemplifying the use of absorptance. The presented results showed that the absorptance has a great influence on the analyzed points and that the applied methodology is an alternative to determine approximate absorptance values for the simulations.


Abstract : Biomass, productivity, and composition of phytoplankton communities were assessed at three sites in San Diego Bay over a period of 1 year, Phytoplankton assemblages taken from regions of low copper levels (less than 1.0 ppb) were characterized by high productivity, biomass and diversity. Samples taken from regions of high copper levels (greater than 3.0 ppb) were less diverse but maintained high biomass and productivity. Phytoplankton tolerance to various copper concentrations was demonstrated by laboratory tests. These findings suggest that the phytoplankton assemblages found in copper-contaminated regions are more tolerant to high copper levels. (Author)