The assessment and monitoring o f ecological quality of freshwater is of central importance today (RuoPPOLA et al. 2003). Hungary has hada long tradition of objective water qualification (FELFOLDY 1974), and an ecological approach ofthe water qualification was developed by Dévai and his co-workers in the early 1990s (DÉVAI et al. 1992a, !992b, 1992c). The complex qualification procedure was tested during the study ofBoroszló-kerti-Holt-Tisza in 1997 (DÉVAI et al. 1999). Our paper is related to the implementation of EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) in Hungary. We analysed the influence of sampling frequency to the result of classification of water bodies and determined the minimum sampling intensity to produce ecologically relevant classification of the chemical status o f the water bodies (Directive 2000). During this study we analysed the da ta set of the Water and Sewage Works Franchising Joint Stock Company o f Szolnok in Hungary. This water supply


This essay studies the ways in which Hegel's thought demands "closure," critiques various proposals for an "open Hegelianism," and concludes that Hegel cannot achieve the closure he seeks, and that "open Hegelianisms" are not Hegelian because of their separations of form from content. Nonetheless the essay argues that Hegel can play an important role in the analyses of thought and culture today, in part as a corrective to excessive claims of openness and indeterminacy.


The steady state and time resolved phophysical properties of a novel self-assembling lyotropic discotic liquid crystal, 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexa-(1,4,7-trioxaoctyl)-triphenylene (TP6EO2M) are reported. The spectral changes that accompany the formation of linear aggregates in D2O provide no evidence of excited-state delocalization, and the evidence suggests only a very weak interaction between neighboring molecules. Time resolved fluorescence depolarization measurements support a picture of a mobile exciton that hops along the columnar aggregates at a rate of at least 1011 s-1. Since the system comprises an isotropic solution of columnar aggregates, the exciton motion is likely to be highly one dimensional. Doping of the molecular aggregates introduces extrinsic trap sites allowing a simple 1-D hopping model to be used to analyze the long time fluorescence decay kinetics. Fitting the data obtained from samples doped with trinitrofluoronone indicates that this lyotropic system has an order of magnitude higher con...


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For most students, choosing a house job seems like a big step on to a largely unplanned career ladder. Consultants see things differently: I was unequivocally reassured that house jobs were the least important career move I would ever make in terms of defining my future specialty. However, the post you end up in does affect your wellbeing, which is more than a short term consideration. How you feel about your first job as a doctor influences the way you feel about future career plans and will directly affect your reference and curriculum vitae. The year also acts as a foundation for the rest of your career in terms of skills and practical experience. In this article I outline a scheme for assessing the options.

#### Job assessment

To find out from the current house officer

To find out from the consultant

The key to finding a house job you are going to enjoy is to be informed before you apply. Firstly, you need to know what your personal priorities are as they will influence your choice of job. Whether it is more important to you to work with a consultant who shares your personal philosophy or …

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We developed easy-to-use microchip for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Our assay platform consolidates three steps; preparation of reagents, quantitative liquid dispensing of sample and assay. The assay platform uses cloned enzyme donor immunoassay (CEDIA). The structure of the microchip permit liquid reagents and samples to be dispensed quantitatively [1]. Assay reagents were dispensed and lyophilized in the microchip. This microchip would permit one-step and rapid (5 min) assay, requiring only small volumes of reagent and sample (1.5 µl).


The design method of cutting head of roadheader was studied in this paper, and aimed at the deficiency of the traditional design way, an intelligent design and o ptimization methods were proposed. This method took secondary development of ANSYS based on the Visual C++2010, a nd achieved the input of design parameters on the foreground interface. By using the APDL parametric design language we realized the parametric modeling , parametric analysis and parameter display results w ith the design parameters, and the optimization and adjustment of the structure of cutting head can be carried out according to the results of finite element analysi s. With this design method can achieve intelligent design and op timization of cutting head with different coal geol ogical conditions and different cutting conditions, which will greatly improve the cutting head design level.


This paper reflects on my research into choreographic processes exploring the dancers' somatic knowledge of ballet principles. In particular I consider collaboration and embodied experience in dance making with 'From Here to Maturity Dance Company(FHMD)' in which I participated as choreographer and dancer in November 2010. According to the suggestion of Brad Haseman ,the symbolic data of the artefact - dance, graphic arts, drama etc.- not only expresses the research, but also can stand for the research findings. The research was structured so that my roles as dancer and choreographer were interspersed. It operates productively as a structure for reflection and re-integrating understanding and also for applying knowledge wrought in one sphere to another. The research and my question 'what is a mature dance?' was grounded in each dancer's own practice and the notion of articulating the dancer's tacit knowledge. I was able to identify choreographic tasks for generating material by considering the terms related to posture and space - the 'architecture' of the body and their spatial geometries. By expanding interpretation of the terms such as en croix, the individual 'person'can enter into creative relationship with ballet frameworks. We used the balletic rule of en croix and experimented with improvisational structures to develop relationships between the music and dance and each other. En croix can be mobilized as a conceptual tool for theorizing the intersection of space and time and used in this way it can also become a task for making movement material. The dancers began by making a sketch in response to my description of concepts and made rich movement material. The focus in the choreography was not on ballet steps but on the clarity of instructions and establishing robust frameworks for the dancers to discover the relational dynamics between components ? embodied personal and performance histories, formal knowledge, music, individual dancers, the particular group, the present day. I tried to erase my hand as a maker in order that the histories and presence of the individual artists, their skills and capacities would 'dance'.


The x‐ray scattering of a monatomic liquid is calculated by averaging the intensity function over configurations of the atoms in a cellular ``free‐volume'' configuration space corresponding to single cell occupancy. A zero‐order approximation to the derived scattering equation leads to the conventional x‐ray scattering equation. A slightly better approximation is also shown.


This paper aims to explore various theses about the origins of Indo-European tribes. Paralleling the history of the transition of the European identity, these theses have sometimes caused ideological discourses. In addition, these theses have also been lead by aforementioned ideological discourses. Since the second half of the 20th century, research has continued with regard to philological and archaeological data, less impacted bay the ideological disputes. In recent research, two base theses are at the centre of this issue. One of the theses suggests that the origin of Indo-European tribes belongs to the region between the north of Black Sea and Volga. The other thesis suggests that the region is in Anatolia. The first thesis also suggests that the tribes living between Volga and Black Sea were Proto-Indo-Europeans, which relied on at first archaeological data as well as philological data later. On top of that recent genetic research within the last decades also proves that thesis. However, the Anatolian thesis also creates a foundation for possible critiques. One reason for this is that the first signs for Indo-European languages are in Anatolia; another reason is that pastoral nomadism, that has its roots in the Middle East. While testing both theses, the Black Sea region is a key location, but the Anatolian coast of the Black Sea is not investigated enough to present this argument.


The pentaoxyspirophosphorane (1) having a P–OH bond was prepared from the reaction of POCl3 with benzilic acid and isolated as its triethylammonium salt: this compound and the corresponding NN-dimethylformamidinium salt have also been synthesised from the spriophosphorane (2), having a P–H bond, by oxidation with Me2SO.


Research purposes: Yichang-Wanzhou railway is the railway in the mostly developed karst area.There are 159 tunnels on the railway line,which covers 59% of total line length and most of them are in the area of carbonate rock stratum with karst and rich karst water.Therefore,it will make big influences on the safe construction of tunnels and tunnels′ operation in future.Research conclusions:The karsts encountered in the construction can be divided into four types according to the engineering geological characteristics,namely cave type,fluid bowl type,pipe type and large-sized karsts,and they can be divided further according to the hydro-geological characteristics,namely free filling type,semi-filling type,filling type,flow type,overflow type and underground river type.For the kasrst cave,the reinforcing measures of filling,refilling and grouting can be taken,for fluid bowl,the reinforcing measures of filling guard arch,supporting the excavated area and grouting can be taken,for the karst pipe,the reinforcing measures of filling guard arch,drainage in advance,grouting,support with large pipe shed and remaining the existing drainage system can be taken,and for large-sized karst,the reinforcing measures of filling guard arch,grouting and support with large pipe shed can be taken for the upper and steel pipe pile,slab and beam crossing the tunnel,cap of pile trestle and filling subgrade can be taken for the bottom.


The use of multimedia courseware in education has been on the increase due to the growth of technologies and Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC). Courseware is one of the approaches that can be used in teaching and learning processes so that it becomes more effective and interesting. This paper discusses a conceptual framework used in the development and innovation of KAFA courseware. The framework consists of multimedia elements and learning theories: and special features of the courseware that includes interactivity, contents updates and learning activities.


Twenty-seven patients with proved urinary schistosomiasis and echographic bladder lesions were selected for cystoscopic examination and biopsy. All patients had specific lesions at cystoscopic investigation. Histologic examination confirmed diagnosis 26/27 cases. Ultrasonography appears as a very efficient method for detection of schistosomiasis bladder pseudo-tumors.


We describe the evolution of a statistical survey design visual language from a standalone design-time modelling language into an environment supporting design, coordination, execution and publication of complex statistical surveys. This involved, firstly, elaboration of the notation to support additional requirements, notably in the area of task modelling. Secondly, tool support has been extended to allow association of model components with survey artefacts, such as data sets, metadata, and statistical package analysis procedures, with the ability to then execute elements of the survey design model to implement the survey analysis. This permits rapid exploration of statistical questions, together with the ability to publish both analysis results and the techniques and processes used, the latter in the form of executable Web services and generated documentation. Thirdly, we have undertaken a usability evaluation with a target end user sample that demonstrates strong satisfaction with the tool


Cowpea is one of the most important leguminous crops for feeding the mankind, being a valuable source of protein for most of the rural population. The efficiency of different Rhizobium strains for fixing atmospheric nitrogen associated to cowpea was tested at field level in the Experimental Station of Embrapa Semi-Árido, in the municipality of Petrolina-PE (Latitude: 09o23'S, Longitude: 40o30'W, Altitude: 350m). The experiment was set up under rainfed conditions, in a randomized complete block design with eight treatments and six replicates. Treatments comprised four Rhizobium strains – BR 3267, BR 3299, Br 3301 and BR 3302, one level of mineral nitrogen (50 kg.ha) and a control. Thirty-five days after planting, the number and weight of dry nodules, dry matter weight and nitrogen concentration in plant were measured. The results showed that all Rhizobium strains were significantly superior to the control treatment as concerned to number and dry weight of nodules, denoting a high efficiency on nodulating cowpea roots compared to native Rhizobium strains that occur naturally in the experimental area soil.


The present invention relates to a relay control terminal and its control method and the repeater relays the integrated management apparatus and method. Relay control according to the present invention the terminal repeater information from a user to control the repeater is a base station and a wireless mobile communication network connection is set up for the shadow area dissolution of the base station wherein the repeater information includes a repeater name or repeater bar code information, hereinafter - the input received and requests the relay control program for the repeater from the mobile server, integrated management of the relay control program that can measure the environmental parameters of the RF repeater, and adjust. And stores the received service request, the repeater control program over the air from the mobile server, and starts the control program stored in the repeater by measuring the RF environment parameters of the repeater directly in the radio and adjusting. With this configuration, to improve the efficiency of the operation service of the terminal and may use the memory efficiently.


Abstract Health microinsurance[1] is a recent entrant in the effort to provide sustainable health financing products to low-income populations. Literature covering this area is sparse and limited to a focus on one delivery channel. Several other channels are beginning to show promise in this market, but these have not been carefully reviewed, compared, or contrasted. There is no significant literature that reviews these different models in a practical manner to aid institutions that are considering the development of a health microinsurance product. This study provides a better understanding of the effectiveness of these different models. It helps insurers and others to identify good and "bad" practices[2] within the various models so that they can: 1. decide which model is most appropriate for them, and 2. benefit from the key lessons of others.


LIVINGSTON C. LORD, President State Normal School, Charleston, Ill. G. STANLEY HALL, President Clark University, Worcester, Mass. HOMER H. SEERLEY, President State Normal School, Cedar Falls, Ia. CHARLES DEGARMO, Professor of Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. C. C. VAN Lrnw, President State Normal School, Chico, Calif. EDMUND J. JAMES, President University of Illinois, Champaign, Ill. J. N. WILKINSON, President Kansas State Normal School, Emporia, Kan. M. V. O'SHEA, Professor of Education, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. L. H. JONES, President Michigan State Normal College, Ypsilanti, Mich. CHARLES B. GILBERT, Mariy years' experience as superintendent of schools in large cities.


Ecological and environmental studies frequently involve work in settings where some physical conditions influence the effectiveness of standard sampling plans. These studies may require expensive and time-consuming sampling processes. These conditions motivate researchers to find sampling plans that provide the highest precision at the lowest cost. Several sampling plans that exclude some types of 'neighboring' units are discussed in this article. Sampling of this type is called sampling excluding neighboring units and is a two-dimensional adaptation of balanced sampling excluding contiguous units [Hedayat, A.S., Rao, C.R. and Stufken, J., 1988, Sampling designs excluding contiguous units. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 19, 159–170]. Key features of this article are: (i) the construction of sampling plans designed to yield representative samples by avoiding the simultaneous selection of units that are, in some sense, neighbors; (ii) a simulation study which compares the relative efficiencies of these sampling plans on the basis of different correlations and sample sizes. In this study, we assume that correlations (or correlated errors) between units decrease as a function of the distance between units. The construction of a sampling plan is illustrated using actual data from a 1998 field study, which examined the insect species assemblage in a beech-maple forest.


Article Type: Full Length Research Article The aim of this study was to compare the effects of combine physical therapy methods and body awareness therapy (BAT) on disability, fatigue, anxiety, wellbeing and health-related quality of life in female migraine patients. Nineteen female patients with migraine were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Ten patients for BAT and nine patients for combine physical therapy approaches. All the patients were evaluated through the migraine disability assessment, state-trait anxiety ınventory (STAI), life satisfaction index, body Cathexis scale, Nottingham health profile (NHP). The treatments were applied to 6 weeks (45-60 min/day, 3 days/week) for both of two groups. At the end of 6 weeks, there was a significant difference in terms of STAI-state versus sleep subscale of NHP between the groups (p<0.05). The results of the study showed that both treatment programs play important roles in the reduction of disabilities, improvements in emotional state and enhancements in the quality of life. ©2018 BluePen Journals Ltd. All rights reserved


The experimental values of thin-target excitation functions for the nuclear reactions: natOs(α,X)188,189,191 Pt,192g, 194mIr in the energy range 11-38 MeV and natMo(p,xn)94g,95g,95m,96(m+g)Tc in the energy range 5-44 MeV are presented. The experimental values were obtained by cyclotron activation followed by off-line HPGe γ-spectrometry and corrected at the End Of an Instantaneous Bombardment, EOIB. In different cases use was made of single foil and stacked foil techniques, which present significantly different advantages and disadvantages. The thintarget yield values can be easily either numerically or analytically integrated, as a function of both incoming particle energy and energy loss in target itself, in order to calculate apriori the thick-target yield of various radionuclides under any different experimental condition. Moreover, the thin-target yields are directly related to the effective cross-sections of various nuclear reaction channels involved. The data are of relevant interest for optimizing cyclotron production of platinum and technetium radionuclides to be used as radiotracers for metallo-biochemical, biomedical, toxicological and environmental studies.


The real-name registration management of the Internet of Things (IoT) card is of great significance to the security development of the Internet of Things and the security construction of Cyberspace. However, IoT cards are decoupled from people in the circulation process, are often "re-sold", data sharing is difficult in cross-departmental circulation, and data quality is low. But the IoT card is the key for things to connect to the Cyberspace. The traceable management of the IoT card can ensure the identity analysis of Machines, Things, and People in the Cyberspace. This paper gives us a solution based on blockchain and secure terminals. With this solution, we can promote the data on the chain of each transaction chain effectively, improves the accuracy and effectiveness of the collected information, realizes the joint participation and system co-governance of different responsible entities, and improves the IoT card Real-name registration rate, the management ability to the network, etc. Experiments have fully proved the effectiveness, reliability, and advancement of the system, which has a massive role in accelerating the improvement of the comprehensive level of network security technology and helping the construction of a cyberspace integrity system.


For many years now, pain management has had a cancer pain focus. However, non-cancer-related pain, such as that arising from joint and skeletal problems and phantom limb syndrome, affects many people on a day-to-day basis.


RESULTS: After controlling for demographic and psychological factors, aerobic capacity on 6MWT significantly predicted CWB pain ratings (R2 change= 22.5%, Beta= 0.491), pain facilitation during TS trials at 44°C (R2 change= 16.7%, Beta= -0.446), and the amount of pain reduction following isometric exercise (R2 change= 20.7%, Beta= 0.393). All other analyses were not significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Older adults exhibiting greater functional aerobic capacity displayed reduced cold pain sensitivity, reduced pain facilitory function, and increased pain inhibition following exercise. These findings suggest that increased aerobic fitness in older adults may be associated with more effective endogenous modulation of pain. This study was funded by the IUPUI School of PETM Faculty Research Opportunity Grant.


Studies were designed to establish whether the efficiency of sterilization by radiation is affected by the nature of the materials being treated and the environment in which contaminants might be present. Spores of Bacillus pumilus were used since their radiation resistance is comparatively high, and data are presented for comparison of the radiation resistance of these spores dried in air from various media on to different surfaces. The media (buffer, nutrient broth, and serum) were chosen as representative, respectively, of inorganic, organic, and biological materials. Comparisons were made between several insoluble supporting surfaces, e.g., glass and polymethacrylate (Perspex), and a soluble surface in the form of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. The results were compared with those obtained when the spores were suspended in buffer solution or nutrient broth under both aerated and anoxic conditions. Radiation from a /sup 60/Co source was used at a dose rate of 2.4 x 10/sup 5/ rad/ hr. The D values (the dose required to reduce the number of survivors to 1/10, i.e., 90% kill) were calculated directly from the linear part of survival curves. The D values for dried spores fall into two groups. First, spores dried from buffer, nutrient broth, or serum onmore » to the insoluble surfaces behaved in a very similar manner, and the D values are of the same order as those obtained in liquid suspension in buffer and nutrient broth under aerated conditions; these were 0.175 (0.169to 0.180) and 0.169 (0.162to 0.177), respectively, (95% confidence limits in brackets). The efficiency of the radiation was not affected by changes in the degree of hydration of the spores corresponding to air-dry or aqueous conditions. However, at lower hydration levels, increase in lethal efficiency was demonstrated. Second, with each of the suspending media dried on to the soluble surface (i.e., PVA film) a comparatively higher D value was obtained; spores dried from PVA solution on to insoluble surfaces gave a similar result. The increase in resistance might to some extent be due to chemical protection, but is most probably mainly due to local anoxic conditions produced as a result of the spores being trapped in the film during drying. This situation is most likely to arise from PVA solution dried on to the PVA film, which gave the highest D value. The results compare with those obtained for suspensions in buffer, nutrient broth, and 2% (w/v) aqueous PVA under anoxic conditions; these were (0.322 to 0.349), respectively. It is concluded that for practical purposes of radiosterilization the radiation resistance of air-dried spores is independent of the media from which they are dried (PVA as a suspending medium presents an artificial situation) and is not influenced by the supporting surface unless it is soluble. Spores in media which preclude oxygen diffusion are probably more resistant. It is considered that the level of spore inactivation achieved at 2.5 Mrad is very satisfactory, but information and this is expected to occur in 1982. Assessments for several other countries gave similar results. In 1960 and the early pant of 1961, however, when the rate of fallout was low, /sup 90/Sr entered diet mainly from the soil. Variations of / sup 131/I and /sup 90/Sr in the British diet, particularly in milk, are described in detail. Also described is the extensive fallout monitoring scheme in the United Kingdom. A table is provided showing /sup 90/Sr content of various dietary items for« less


Introduction. Spiritual reported to have benefits for healing and quality of life for people with mental disorders including schizophrenia. Spiritual can also be a coping strategy for people with schizophrenia. This study aims to explore the experiences of people with schizophrenia who lived in the boarding school. Method. This study uses descriptive phenomenological approach. Participants in this study who were diagnosed with schizophrenia and live in boarding school and general informants. Data were obtained using indepth interviews with a tape recorder, observations, field notes and photographs. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis through hermeneutic interpretation. Results. Three main themes emerge from this study are meaning of spirituality, spirituality experience and the impact of spirituality.Discussion. The purposes of this study are (1) describes the spiritual experience that people with schizophrenia get in boarding school, (2) identify their need for spirituality, (3) identify the impact of spiritual experiences of people with schizophrenia who live in boarding school. Keywords: schizophrenia, spirituality, lived experiences


The theoretical work reported in the Quarterly Progress Report of January 15, 1956, page 55, continues. A general theory was developed for the small-signal gain of a longitudinal amplifier. The amplifier consists of an electron beam periodically coupled to cavity gaps placed along its length. Except for the electron beam, the cavities are electromagnetically uncoupled. We shall apply this theory to the gain analysis of a multiple-cavity klystron. Unlike our previous analysis, the drift regions are analyzed on the basis of space charge, and now a complete two-wave analysis is given. The amplifier structure is shown schematically in Fig. VI-1. It consists of (N+2) identical cavities (only the gaps are shown in Fig. VI-1) with "short" gaps; the stacking of the cavities within the over-all tube is symmetric, and the spaces between cavity gaps are identical, field-free, drift regions. Under the following operating conditions: 1. all cavities are tuned to resonance; 2. signal source is matched to input cavity; 3. load is matched to output cavity; the maximum available gain is


In this paper, we proposed women abuse detection method in surveillance video system. The proposed method consists of gender detection using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for identifying both male and female are present in the location .The abuse action is then detected by using the 4 steps: i) Detection of object region by background subtraction method then apply the morphology filter to reduce noise artifacts. ii) Estimation of the motion vector using the Combined Local-Global approach with Total Variation (CLG-TV) iii) Detection of the abuse action by examining the characteristic of motion vectors produced by using the Motion Co-occurrence Feature (MCF). KeywordsViolence detection, Convolutional Neural Networks, Human action analysis, Video surveillance system


The fragmentary nature of pottery is considered a common place. Conservators are requested to apply a proper restoration solution by taking under consideration a wide range of morphological features and physicochemical properties that derive from the artefact itself. In this work, the authors discuss on a low-cost pottery-oriented restoration pipeline that is based on the exploitation of technologies such as 3D digitisation, data analysis, processing and printing. The pipeline uses low-cost commercial and open source software tools and on the authors' previously published 3D pose normalisation algorithm that was initially designed for 3D vessel shape matching. The authors objectively evaluate the pipeline by applying it on two ancient Greek vessels of the Hellenistic period. The authors describe in detail the involved procedures such as the photogrammetric 3D digitisation, the 3D data analysis and processing, the 3D printing procedures and the synthetic shreds post processing. They quantify the pipeline's applicability and efficiency in terms of cost, knowledge overhead and other aspects related to restoration tasks.


Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are increasingly being implanted without the need for thoracotomy. Long‐term lead performance and stability were evaluated in 150 consecutive patients in whom 1 of 3 nonthoracotomy ICD lead systems was implanted over a 3‐year period from September 1990. Results: Twelve (8%) patients (7 males, 5 females) experienced 13 lead complications during a follow‐up period of 12 ± 10 months. Complications were related to intracardiac leads in 7 (4 dislodgments, 2 fractures, 1 right ventricular perforation) and patch leads in 6 (2 folding, 1 fracture, 1 erosion, and 2 hematomas) cases. Freedom from lead related complications at 1 year was 92% (95% confidence interval, 86%–95%). A significant difference in freedom from lead complications between the two most frequently implanted lead systems was observed (P = 0.02). Complication rates were similar in the initial 75 and the more recent 75 implants (P= 0.5). The median time between lead implant and detection of complications was 37 days (range 3–1,147). Complications were diagnosed before hospital discharge in only two cases. In five patients, complications were asymptomatic and in three of these, reoperation was required due to inadequate defibrillation thresholds. Reoperation was necessary in 9 of 12 patients. Conclusions: Nonthoracotomy ICD lead systems are associated with a low complication rate. Complications may or may not cause symptoms, usually occur after hospital discharge, and require reoperation. Complications are not related to a "learning curve." There is a significant difference in performance between different lead systems.


The excitation energy of the second excited state of /sup 6/Li has been measured to be 3562.88 +- 0.10 keV by comparing the energy of resonance fluorescence radiation from this state to calibration lines from a /sup 56/Co source. Also the Q value of the /sup 6/Li(p,..cap alpha..)/sup 3/He reaction has been determined relative to the /sup 19/F(p,..cap alpha..)/sup 16/O reaction, giving a result for the ground state mass excess of /sup 6/Li of 14 085.5 +- 1.1 keV, somewhat below the tabulated value of 14 087.3 +- 0.8 keV. These measurements improve the sensitivity of experiments searching for isovector parity violation in /sup 6/Li.


The rivers and climate of the basin are described. Available and developed hydropower sites are presented. The international consequences of various water management schemes are discussed.


It is clear that an electric field of moving charges is geometrically changed by this motion. A new representation way of this change will be shown here. With the help of this representation the magnetic effect can than be calculated directly from the geometric change in the electric field. The analysis of different reference systems/frames (as in the special theory of relativity) is not necessary for doing this. (The geometric changes, of course, still do arise from the special theory of relativity, however.) Finally, through these observations, it may be noted that gravitation is also an effect of the translation of charges, which can be represented mathematically here. So: under consideration of the special theory of relativity, geometrical changes in the electric field caused by translation produce magnetism and gravitation.


around a small area low on the scale and only 4 results were inconsistent. This is quite different from the wide scatter of results which could be expected from the same series of operations performed under general anaesthesia. It would appear that general anaesthesia may interfere with the normal haemostatic mechanism in many patients. The most obvious effect of general anaesthesia is that it depresses the central nervous system, including the vasomotor centres, so that the first critical stage of haemostasis, intense vasoconstriction, may be inhibited. It remains a fact that some patients show remarkably little blood loss during surgery. It is demonstrably not due to induced hypotension, or any other factor known to influence blood loss. If some research effort were to be directed towards an understanding of this curious phenomenon, it could have a profound influence on surgery in the future. J R Donald Department of Neuroanaesthesia Southern General Hospital, Glasgow


The mechanics and dynamics of the helix hand reversal (perversion) exhibited by the tendrils of climbing plants is investigated. The tendrils are modeled as thin elastic rods with intrinsic curvature and a linear and nonlinear stability analysis is performed. This system provides an example of curvature driven morphogenesis


SUMMARY Studies were made of the proximate and mineral compositions of modern strains of both spring· and winter-sown beans. The majority of the winter beans were of the Throws M.S. variety, of the spring beans Minors. On the dry-matter basis spring beans averaged 31·4% crude.protein, winter beans 26·5%—a highly significant difference. The true protein values showed a parallel trend. Winter beans averaged 9% crude fibre, spring beans 8%, again a highly significant difference. The strains confirmed the usually accepted levels of oil and of the principal mineral components, except that modern beans appear to be richer in phosphorus.


We present a new ureterocalicostomy technique in a patient with intrarenal pelvis together with renal artery compression on the pelvis and ureteropelvic junction (UPJ). The patient had grade 4 hydronephrosis in the left kidney and angulation at the ureteropelvic junction. We performed side-to-side ureterocalicostomy between the ureter and lower calyx of the kidney.


The synthesis and characterization of the title VIV complex of a salicylaldimine, [V(C20H14N2O4)O]·2C2H6OS·2H2O, is described. The reaction of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 1,2-phenylenediamine with vanadyl sulfate produces a monomeric VIV complex. Its structure reveals that the vanadium(IV) ion is pentacoordinated and situated in a distorted square-pyramidal environment.


Objective
To investigate the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of chronic diarrhea.

Methods
A total of 61 patients with chronic diarrhea children patients were admitted to the Children's Hospital of Fudan University from August 1997 to August 2007. The ratio of male to female was 1.65∶1.00. The youngest patient was 40-day old and clinical course varied from 2 mouths to 10 years. Apart from diarrhea, other clinical features included fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, anemia, and malnutrition, while others were accompanied with varies degree of dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and metabolic acidosis. The general features, clinical presentation, laboratory investigations, causes and prognosis were examined retrospectively.

Results
Laboratory examination of stool scopy of 61 patients showed that 34 cases (55.7%) were normal. The whole bacterial culture of stool was negative, and 14 cases (23.0%) of stool lactose were positive, 13 cases (21.3%) were alteration of intestinal flora, 3 cases (4.9%) of stool infected mycetes, 3 case (4.9%) infected amoeba, and 1 case was positive for rotavirus. 15 cases (53.6%) among 28 cases were abnormal who were detected by serum immune globulin. The seroimmunity index showed 7 cases (29.2%, 7/24) were abnormal who were detected by CD series. Electronic colonoscope and pathology showed that mucosa process was 27 cases, and ulcerative colitis was 3 cases, Crohn's disease was 10 cases, non-specific enterocolitis was 6 cases, lymphoplasia enterocolitis was 1 case, allergic enterocolitis was 3 cases, polyps and enterocolitis was 4 cases. Others(including X-ray Ba enem, barium swallow test, electronic gastroscope, abdominal ultrasound and radioactive nuclide) showed that gastritis was 6 cases, and duodenitis was 3 cases, intestinal lymphangiectasia was 1 case, enteritis was 4 cases, and colonitis was 9 cases. Abdominal (right lower quadrant) mass was 1 case, bowel polypus was 4 cases, and left adrenal gland tumor was 2 cases. Moreover, exploratory laparotomy was 3 cases, 2 cases were diagnosed as tumor (1 case of including neuroblastoma and 1 case of ganglioneuroma), 1 case was diagnosed as Crohn's disease. Among 61 patients, 56 cases (91.8%) had a definitive cause, etiological factors in order including inflammatory bowel disease, infective enterocolitis (including fungal infection, amebic infestation) non-specific enterocolitis, polyps and enterocolitis, lactose intolerance, antibiotic associated diarrhea, allergic diarrhea, immunodeficiency, tumor (including neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma), acquired immunodeficiency, intestinal lymphangiectasia, irritable bowel syndrome, and congenital lactase deficiency. Of the 61 patients, 21 cases were cured, and 39 cases were improved, 1 patient died of generalized peritonitis and septic shock.

Conclusion
Clinical manifestations of children's chronic diarrhea are diversified, and the pathogenesis is complex. It should be strength the inspection and treat as early as possible.

Key words:
chronic diarrhea; child


A pot experiment was conducted to study the oxidative response of drought-stressed black rice to foliar application of pyridoxine (0.03mM) and nicotinic acid (1.5mM). Drought stress was imposed by withholding water for 10 days, until leaf rolling symptoms was observed. After ten days from imposition of drought stress, water deficit resulted in a significant increase in H2O2 content thereby increased lipid peroxidation product; malonaldhyde (MDH) accompanied by high rate of ion leakage (IE) and consequently reduced the relative water content (RWC) compared with their corresponding controls. Drought stress resulted in a considerable increase in the activities of phenol peroxidase (POX), ascorbate oxidase (ASO), and catalase (CAT) enzymes of both shoots and roots of black rice seedlings, while the activities of glutathione reductase (GR), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly decreased. Foliar application of pyridoxine or nicotinic acid mitigated the injurious effects of drought stress through the significant reduction in ion leakage, reducing membrane peroxidation, high ratio of chlorophylls/carotenoids thus restoring the membrane integrity and enhancing the defense system in terms of ascorbic acid, glutathione and total phenol contents as well as stimulating the activities of some antioxidant enzymes (GR, SOD, and POX). It may be suggested that the enhancement of the antioxidants in black rice seedlings is one of the mechanisms of drought tolerance under stress condition.


This part is based on publications I-VI (listed on page 6) and consider the first topic mentioned in the introduction (p 9). The first chapter (2.1 presents a visual functioning index designed for measurement of rehabilitation effect of cataract surgery. The second and third chapter (2.2, 2.3) evaluates the effectiveness of cataract surgery in different categories of patients by use of visual acuity, visual functioning index and other variables. Furthermore, the rehabilitation problems in aphakic patients are considered. Chapter 2.4 investigates the patient-related predictors of outcome of cataract surgery.


In this study, we find some evidence in favor of systematic risk being priced in the cross-section of stock returns when the effects of presidential cycles and political environments are taken into account. During Democratic presidencies or harmonious political environments, beta has a positive relation to stock returns, but is negatively related to returns during Republican presidencies or in gridlock periods. We find that both the presidential puzzle and the harmony premium can be rationalized when the effects of politics on the beta-return relation are taken into account.


Why do online customers become loyal in their purchases on e-commerce sites? We examine how e-service quality, trust, and customer satisfaction affect customer loyalty towards purchasing goods and services. The proposed model also investigates the relationships among e-service quality, trust to loyalty, and satisfaction as a mediator that remains underexplored. The sample of this study is 350 millennial respondents as online buyers in Bogor city. PLS-SEM modeling procedure was used to test the proposed research model. We find that the quality of e-service and trust has a significant favorable influence on customer loyalty, and this effect is mediated by customer satisfaction. This study highlights the role of e-commerce producers in gaining loyalty through efficient service offerings and shape positive psychological in online marketing practices.


Tian Xue, with Catholicism and western science technology as its core content, was spread widely in China during the late period of Ming Dynasty and the early period of Qing Dynasty after Matteo Ricci transformed Catholicism with Confucianism. The Chinese literati played a key role in the process of spreading Tian Xue. Regarding Tian Xue as a good remedy to save the late Ming society from collapse, the literati poured all their enthusiasm into propagating it. After the Qing Dynasty was founded , their immense enthusiasm for Tian Xue faded away, and the influence of Tian Xue gradually weakened.


The review paper presents the main research topics of the XVIIIth INQUA Congress from selected sessions with contributions from the Czech participants. The results of Czech papers are highlighted and discussed in relation to progress in Quaternary research. Discussed are advances in topical subjects of international studies of Quaternary palaeoenvironments and climate change.


It is vital to study the effects of density on the substrate quality and decomposition rate of the leaf litter.In 2002,the experiment of thinning intensities with four different treatments of 0(Ⅰ),35.7%(Ⅱ),49.2%(Ⅲ) and 64.2%(Ⅳ) on the undergrowth were carried out in the 18-year-old Pinus tabulaeformis stands with initial density of 3 130 trees/hm~2 in middle hilly lands of Yingpan of Yanqing Country,Bejing.Three years later,the decomposition rate,amount of nutrient return and characteristics of leaf litter were compared by litter bag method.The results show that the annual dry matter loss of leaf litter in the plots of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ was 25.81%,26.25%,27.68% and 25.96%,respectively.The turnover via leaf-litter fall was 10.04,9.84,9.24 and 9.97 years,respectively.Therefore,it is feasible and convenient to evaluate the thinning effect on decomposition rate.In the first two months,the nutrient of N,P,K and Mg was released sharply.In the whole observation of 14 months,the return of both nutrient N and Mg in the four plots exhibited a cycle with release-accumulation.The return of P and K indicated the trend of release-accumulation-relative balance.However,the return of Ca was different from each other in the four plots. The total nutrient return of the four elements(N,P,K,Mg) in the plots was 10.806,31.016,31.798 and 39.365 g/kg,respectively.Specifically,the quality of leaf litter in the plot Ⅰ was the worst that the N and Ca were accumulated only 2.567 and 0.767 g/kg,respectively.Thinning could decrease the ratios of lignin to N and C to N and accelerate the decomposition rate of leaf litter.The content of the crude ash in the leaf litter was enhanced by thinning.It prevents the acidic material such as tannin and resin from returning to the soil.The effect of thinning intensity is evaluated by the ratio of lignin to N,the ratio of C to N and the ash content in the leaf litter.


The police have released the name of the elderly woman who died as the result of a road collision on Forest Moor road, between Knaresborough and ...


state that the knowledge necessary for its preparation was gained in a fifteen weeks' tour in the United States in the fall of 1886, from the labor journals of our country and from the Reports of the Bureaus of Labor. Traveling under the auspices of the Socialistic Labor Party and conversing with its representatives in the different cities visited, it is not strange that the authors should show themselves poorly informed about the classes of our people. They conceive of our population as divided into a cruel employing class, and a working class crushed by every sort of tyranny. Of the vast middle class of our town and country population they are entirely ignorant. A much longer time than fifteen weeks and a more judicial turn of mind than that of the authors are necessary in order to appreciate the political, social and economical organization of our country. A few quotations from Chapter II may emphasize the authors' ignorance: &dquo; In America transition stages and classes are, for the most part, wanting.&dquo; &dquo; In


Burkholderia ambifaria is generally associated with the rhi- zosphere of plants where it has biocontrol effects on other microorganisms. It is also a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex, a group of closely related bacteria that cause lung infections in immunocompromised patients as well as in patients with granulomatous disease or cystic fibrosis. Our pre- vious work indicated that fucose on human epithelia is a fre- quent target for lectins and adhesins of lung pathogens (Sulak, O., Cioci, G., Lameignere, E., Balloy, V., Round, A., Gutsche, I., Malinovska ´, L., Chignard, M., Kosma, P., Aubert, D. F., Marolda, C. L., Valvano, M. A., Wimmerova ´, M., and Imberty, A. (2011) PLoS Pathog. 7, e1002238). Analysis of the B. ambifaria genome identified BambL as a putative fucose-binding lectin. The 87- amino acid protein was produced recombinantly and demon- strated to bind to fucosylated oligosaccharides with a preference for Fuc1-2Gal epitopes. Crystal structures revealed that it associates as a trimer with two fucose-binding sites per mono- mer. The overall fold is a six-bladed-propeller formed by olig- omerization as in the Ralstonia solanacearum lectin and not by sequential domains like the fungal fucose lectin from Aleuria aurantia. The affinity of BambL for small fucosylated glycans is very high as demonstrated by microcalorimetry (KD < 1 M). Plant cell wall oligosaccharides and human histo-blood group oligosaccharides H-type 2 and Lewis Y are bound with equiva- lent efficiency. Binding to artificial glycosphingolipid-contain- ing vesicles, human saliva, and lung tissues confirmed that BambL could recognize a wide spectrum of fucosylated epitopes, albeit with a lower affinity for biological material from nonsecretor individuals.


The results of testing engine oils of various base bases for temperature resistance, taking into account the thermal energy absorbed by the products of thermal destruction and evaporation, are presented. Linear relationships have been established between the decimal logarithms of the thermal energy absorbed by the evaporation products. It was found that the processes of thermal destruction begin after the evaporation of the required mass of the lubricating motor material, i.e. during thermostating of lubricating oils, first of all, evaporation processes occur and after filling a certain amount of thermal energy, a mutual increase in the concentrations of products of thermal destruction and evaporation occurs.


Whether it is called content area writing, writing to learn, or writing across the curriculum, the concept of having students write in all academic disciplines has gained wide acceptance in recent years. A growing body of theory and research supports this movement. Some of its basic tenets are that writing is a way of knowing, of clarifying ideas, of articulating bits and pieces of new information, and of synthesizing new information with concepts and ideas that are already a part of one's schema. Perhaps most important for all teachers is the fact that writing is a means for achieving understanding of the subject matter.


By means of Lyapunov function and linear matrix inequalities(LMIs),the problem of nonlinear H∞ control for a class of uncertain systems with time-delay is considered.The nonlinear H∞ control law of systems is presented in terms of the solutions of LMIs.Furthermore,a convex optimization problem with LMIs constraints is formulated,such that the optimal state feedback H∞ control for uncertain systems with time-delay can be determined.An illustrative example demonstrates the effectiveness of proposed method.


The language interpretation as a marketing structure has recently become urgent, and the depending scientific expansion has led to the emergence of such a
new interdisciplinary field of knowledge, as marketing linguistics. Marketing linguistics focuses on the special status of a language not only as a communication
system, but also as a linguistic and economic phenomenon, the functioning of
which can ensure the effectiveness and dynamism of macro- and microeconomic
processes, primarily related to the promotion of certain products in certain market segments. However, marketing linguistics should be interested in combining marketing activities with the steps leading to the cultivation of the communicative space as a whole. The existing contradiction between exclusively economic
and linguo-economic phenomena, which naturally include marketing and its objectively determined goal, and language as a set of pragmatically oriented and
communicatively determined units, as well as ways of using such units, seems to
take into account the ethical norms and linguistic-pragmatic specifics of the language units used in advertising discourse. Thus, the linguopragmatic parameters
of marketing communications are a set of characteristics determining the specifics
of the discourse/text, and include, in addition to the traditionally allocated parameters, the hierarchy of communicants, linguistic and cultural conditionality and
predicted lacunarity in the texts' translation and their embeddings in other linguocultures. Linguopragmatic parameterization of marketing communications involves the significantly expanded interpretation of one of the traditional orthological
parameters: the inclusion of a variety of such norms as ethical and linguistic ones,
as well as the dynamism. Linguopragmatic parameterization of marketing communications involves a significantly expanded interpretation of one of the traditional orthological parameters: the inclusion of ethical and linguistic type of
norm in obligatory norms, as well as dynamism, linguistic and cultural specificity of such norms.


The measurement of weak gravitational lensing induced by large-scale structures is one of the most challenging programmes for imaging with g r o u n d-based telescopes. The VLT, used in Service Mode, offers an exceptional technical configuration which in principle guarantees high-quality data for demanding programmes. The first attempt done in Period 63 turned out to work very well and provides a remarkable data set on a short time-scale as well as first constraints on cosmological models. It demonstrates that the VLT is a perfectly suited telescope for cosmic shear measurements. Moreover, when it is operated in service mode, this is the most competitive ground-based tool which could make a major breakthrough in the field.


As rural communities struggle to maintain a sustainable economic base in today's global economy, many are exploring strategies to encourage entrepreneurial development. The purpose of this study was to better understand how local public policy is being be used to support the creation of entrepreneurship development systems in rural communities and how local context shapes entrepreneurship public policy formation. In phase one of the study, a survey and analysis of documents available on the Internet were used to identify county and municipal policy actions associated with entrepreneurial development in 16 counties in North Carolina. In the second study phase, two of those counties were selected as case studies. Using additional data generated through interviews, observation, and additional documents gathered during site visits, factors influencing entrepreneurial development policy formation in those counties were examined. Grounded theory was used to categorize the 69 different entrepreneurial development policy actions into eleven groups. In addition, the community capitals framework was used to examine how policy actions utilized or leveraged different local resources as policy inputs in an effort to expand local capacity. Grounded theory, the community capitals framework, and the multiple streams model were used to explore the major factors influencing local entrepreneurship public policy formation. The findings of this study confirm that county and municipal governments are playing an active role in encouraging and supporting entrepreneurial development. The range of actions taken within each county also suggest that local governments are providing a broad array of services and support for entrepreneurial development consistent with entrepreneurship development systems models. They are relying on a variety of local and non-local resources to support these efforts. The case studies demonstrate how local context leads to vastly different approaches and results even when counties or municipalities are pursuing what appear to be similar strategies. In particular, a community's history, local culture, social capital, and participants influence how strategies are implemented and the ultimate end result. This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. Dissertation Director: __________________________________________________ Dr. Valerie Hunt Dissertation Committee: __________________________________________________ Dr. Brinck Kerr __________________________________________________ Dr. Donna Graham DISSERTATION DUPLICATION RELEASE I hereby authorize the University of Arkansas Libraries to duplicate this dissertation when needed for research and/or scholarship. Agreed __________________________________________ Stacey Wright McCullough Refused __________________________________________ Stacey Wright McCullough ACKNOWLEDGMENTS For me, the process of pursing this doctoral degree and writing my dissertation has been like a six-year journey on a roller coaster. The ride has been filled with ups and downs, moments of pure exhilaration as well as those of fear that the end would never be reached. Thankfully, I have not been alone on this journey. I would like to acknowledge the many people who accompanied me and express my sincerest appreciation for their support. First, I would like to thank my husband, Jim, who was right there in the seat beside me the whole time. He has been a true partner throughout this journey, and I could not have made it without him. I would also like to thank my parents, James and Marilyn; my in-laws, Jerry and Diana; and the rest of my family for their love, encouragement, and support. I would like to thank my friends and colleagues within the Cooperative Extension Service in Arkansas and around the country. Their confidence in my abilities, words of wisdom and support, and subtle and sometimes not so subtle encouragement have helped push me through the low points and made the high points feel even more special. Finally, I would like to thank the faculty and staff of the University of Arkansas Public Policy Ph.D. program. In particular, I would like to thank Dr. Valerie Hunt, who served as my dissertation committee chair, and committee members, Dr. Brink Kerr and Dr. Donna Graham. Their steady support and guidance have been greatly appreciated, especially over the past year. I would also like to thank Dr. Margaret Reid, Dr. Chris Lucas, Dr. Dan Rainey, and Dr. Wayne Miller for their service on my advising committees as I navigated the pre-candidacy phase of this journey. I became a better student and better writer as a result of their support. DEDICATION To my husband and best friend, Jim McCullough, for his love, patience, support, and understanding throughout this journey.


Both gender and blood relations are the eternal and original forms of human emotion,as well as the source of family ethic,with a result that the latter is endowed with a distinct character of relatives.In her whole life,a woman functions as a mother,a daughter and a wife.Especially within the traditional Chinese ethical framework of "duty according with name",she is further expected to be a loving mother,a filial daughter and a good wife.By means of so-called "rectification of names according to propriety",the aforesaid ethical roles of woman contribute to the harmony and stability of a family.In consideration of such facts in modern society as the increasing of female social communication,the growing of gender awareness,and the pervading of the idea of gender equality,I suggest that traditional view of woman's ethical roles in a family should be adjusted in both form and content to our times.And I believe that such a critically renewed model of traditional ethics will be significant for the constructing of harmonious families,for the self-development and self-perfection of women,and for the actualization of the equality of the genders.


In this paper, we start from conventional GUTs and ToEs and discuss their challenges due not only to the lack of observations of proton decays and magnetic monopoles, but also to the fact that when gravity is considered, especially with mechanisms a la multi-folds, where gravity emerges from entanglement, both these phenomena are expected to not exist. With only a few exception, ToEs are badly hurt, including many superstrings, and most GUTs are knocked out. Because of the massive gravity at small scale contributed by entanglement in a multi-fold universe, we encounter new lifecycles for charged black holes and discover that, at small scales, gravity is no more the weakest interaction. In fact, sources and carriers of all interactions democratically carry gravity along with their interaction the same way and all interactions have similar strength. It becomes a new symmetric state with an Ultimate Unification of all the forces, but without the hierarchies of symmetry groups typically involved in GUTs, and without intermediate GUTs not involving gravity from the get-go. These results are obtained in a multi-fold universe, but with discussions of what can be said about our real universe.


A novel electrochemical approach, constant potential electrolysis and a new electrolyte system, rare earth nitrate supporting electrolyte substance nonethanol organic solvent, for doping of porous silicon(PS) with europium were reported. By this approach and system, the doping products were well controlled, and a high concentration of Eu(about 10 21 /cm 3) was doped into PS. The effects of solvents, applied voltage, concentration of Eu(NO 3) 3 and doping time on photoluminescence of Eu doped PS were investigated, and the optimum doping conditions were optimized. PS∶Eu prepared under suitable conditions was found to emit much more intense visible room temperature luminescence with blue shift in wavelength than that of corresponding PS wafer. The photoluminescence mechanism for PS and PS∶Eu was also discussed.


The present invention is particularly in patients with dementia, agitation, for the preparation of particularly a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of behavioral agitation, the formula I [Formula 1] Wherein, (a) R Compound or a salt thereof of]; a method of treating agitation; pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula I; (a) a compound of formula I and (b) nootropic plant extracts, calcium antagonists, cholinesterase inhibitors, dihydroergotoxin toxins, nicergoline, piracetam, purine derivatives, pyritinol, comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of vincamine and vinpocetine, the combination; and include such combinations, about the product package.


Abstract Numerical investigation of the Earth and Moon rotational motion dynamics is carried out at a long time intervals. In our previous studies (Pashkevich, 2013), (Pashkevich and Eroshkin, 2011) the high-precision Rigid Earth Rotation Series (designated RERS2013) and Moon Rotation Series (designated MRS2011) were constructed. RERS2013 are dynamically adequate to the JPL DE422/LE422 (Folkner, 2011) ephemeris over 2000 and 6000 years and include about 4113 periodical terms (without attempt to estimate new subdiurnal and diurnal periodical terms). MRS2011 are dynamically adequate to the JPL DE406/LE406 (Standish, 1998) ephemeris over 418, 2000 and 6000 years and include about 1520 periodical terms. In present research have been improved the Rigid Earth Rotation Series RERS2013 and Moon Rotation Series MRS2011, and as a result have been constructed the new high-precision Rigid Earth Rotation Series RERS2014 and Moon Rotation Series MRS2014 dynamically adequate to the JPL DE422/LE422 ephemeris over 2000 and 6000 years, respectively. The elaboration of RERS2013 is carried out by means recalculation of sub-diurnal and diurnal periodical terms. The residuals in Euler angles between the numerical solution and RERS2014 do not surpass 3 ìas over 2000 years. Improve the accuracy of the series MRS2011 is obtained by using the JPL DE422/LE422 ephemeris. The residuals in the perturbing terms of the physical librations between the numerical solution and MRS2014 do not surpass 8 arc seconds over 6000 years


A series of novel 3,5-disubstituted phenylacetylenes, rM-1, sM-1 to sM-5, bearing an achiral methoxycarbonyl pendant group and various chiral N-alkylamide pendant groups, were synthesized. They were converted to the corresponding polymers, rP-1, sP-1 to sP-5, with high cis-structure contents under the catalysis of [Rh(nbd)Cl]2, aiming to understand how the environmental variation and the structure of pendant group influence the chiroptical properties of polymers. sP-1/rP-1 were soluble in CHCl3 and THF at the molecular level and exhibited much larger optical rotations with opposite signs to those of sM-1/rM-1 and displayed the intense Cotton effects centered at 360 nm in the circular dichroism (CD) spectra, ascribed to the one-handed, contracted cis-cisoid helical polyene backbone. The reversible conformation transition between the contracted cis-cisoid helix and the frustrated, extended cis-transoid helix was achieved by alternately adding trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and triethylamine into the hydrogen bo...


We study symmetry properties of quaternionic Kähler manifolds obtained by the HK/QK correspondence. To any Lie algebra g of infinitesimal automorphisms of the initial hyper‐Kähler data, we associate a central extension of g , acting by infinitesimal automorphisms of the resulting quaternionic Kähler manifold. More specifically, we study the metrics obtained by the one‐loop deformation of the c ‐map construction, proving that the Lie algebra of infinitesimal automorphisms of the initial projective special Kähler manifold gives rise to a Lie algebra of Killing fields of the corresponding one‐loop deformed c ‐map space. As an application, we show that this construction increases the cohomogeneity of the automorphism groups by at most one. In particular, if the initial manifold is homogeneous, then the one‐loop deformed metric is of cohomogeneity at most one. As an example, we consider the one‐loop deformation of the symmetric quaternionic Kähler metric on SU(n,2)/S(U(n)×U(2)) , which we prove is of cohomogeneity exactly one. This family generalizes the so‐called universal hypermultiplet ( n=1 ), for which we determine the full isometry group.


In view of the dynamic development of electrical and electronic equipment and the reduction of its lifetime, the share of electronic equipment that has become waste has risen. In proportion to this situation, there is a constant improvement in separating industrial methods aimed at removing hazardous components of electrical waste (PCBs containing condensers, mercury switches or asbestos insulation). Another commodity, and economically more interesting, is the obtaining of the utility component of the waste iron and non-ferrous metals. After the separation of the interesting components what remains is a heterogeneous mixture of plastic pulp, which is usually landfilled or incinerated in the waste incinerator. This leads to the loss of valuable material, which could be further exploited. The paper deals with the issue of the disposal of plastics from electrical waste and its subsequent use as plastic pulp, which can be used to fill the rainwater detention reservoir.


Prospective surgical trials provide the cornerstones of current practice guidelines for cutaneous melanoma (JW Dermatol Oct 28 2011). In two prior assessments of optimal margins of excision for intermediate-thickness cutaneous melanomas ( Ann Surg Oncol 2001; 8:101, and N Engl J Med 2004; 350:757), results were mixed: In the first study, survival rates did not differ significantly with 2-cm vs. 4-cm margins; and in the second, a 1-cm margin was associated …


A method for manufacturing a micromechanical system includes forming in a Front-End-of-Line (FEOL) process transistors in a transistor region; after the FEOL-process, forming a sacrificial layer; structuring the sacrificial layer to form a structured sacrificial layer; forming a functional layer at least partially covering the structured sacrificial layer; and removing the sacrificial layer to create a cavity.


A Network-on-Chips (NoCs) is rapid promising for an on-chip alternative designed in support of many-core System-on-Chips (SoCs). In spite of this, developing an increased overall performance low latency Network on chip using low area overhead has always been a new challenge. Network on Chips (NoCs) by using mesh and torus interconnection topologies have become widely used because of the easy construction. A torus structure is nearly the same as the mesh structure, however, has very slighter diameter. In this regard, we propose effective router design for Decoupled Resource sharing in a torus topology based on clustering algorithms Based Hierarchical Routing (CABHR) to get better the efficiency of NoC. We show that our approach is provides improved latency and energy consumption, overall performance developments compared to the most distinguished existing routing technique


Today, spatial crowdsourcing concept has been widely applied in various fields. The increasing ofmobile user and adoption of social network has catalyst spatial crowdsourcing growth. It has madevarious types of data to be easily collected and transmitted from different geographical location.However, the massive amounts of task in spatial area bring challenges for the online system tomanage especially when the task is heterogeneous, and the interactions are dynamic. Such scenario has alerted the researchers to understand different types of information in order to make taskassignment reliable and efficient.This study investigates current state of task assignment for spatialcrowdsourcing. It basically, aims to identify several issues like trend in publication and crowdcomputing areas that studies task assignment in crowdsourcing. We used Systematic LiteratureReview (SLR) method for analysing the trends and significance of task classification for betterdynamic crowd-computing.


A three-compartment model was developed for simulating cation transport in bentonitic barrier layers that incorporates diffusion-controlled cation exchange among the mobile intergranular water (bulk pore water), immobile interparticle and interlayer water, and the montmorillonite mineral solid. Exchange on the external surfaces and interlayer region of montmorillonite is included. The model was evaluated for divalent-for-monovalent cation exchange in bentonite with experiments. A parametric study was conducted using the model to investigate factors affecting the time required to establish chemical equilibrium (i.e., completion of cation exchange) between the permeant liquid and thin layers of bentonite simulating geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs). Predictions obtained with the model were in general agreement with the data without calibration, except for Na concentrations in the effluent at very long times. Parametric simulations conducted with the model show that the time required to establish chemical equi...


This research investigates the development of assured sustainability reports (SRs) during this century's first decade. More specifically, it presents basic descriptive data on a sample of 148 SRs published in 2006 and 2007 and contrasts this sample with the sample discussed in Mock et al. 2007. The prior study examined a sample of 130 assured SRs issued between 2002 and 2004. Both samples provide information about the nature of SRs, allowing us to investigate important questions such as which countries and industries are more likely to have an assurance statement, what levels of assurance are provided, and what factors affect the level of assurance provided. In addition to providing descriptive data relative to the above questions, we run logistic regressions where the dependent variable is whether a Big 4 firm provided the assurance for both periods being considered. Some important differences are observed related to whether the assurance provided applies to both the quantitative and qualitative assertions made in the report (significantly negatively associated with the Big 4 in the 2002–2004 period, but not significant in 2006–2007), whether the report uses symbols to identify assured statements (significantly positively associated with the Big 4 in the 2002–2004 period, but not significant in 2006–2007), and whether the procedures used are disclosed (not significant in 2002–2004, but significantly positively associated with the Big 4 in 2006–2007).


Introductory Note : Prefatory Remarks, Collection, Scrutiny and collation of data, Tables Series-
Population and Land Use in India,
Yield Rates of Principal Crops in India, Birth Rates & Death Rates, Review of Census Economic Data, Famine & Pestilence, Shortage of Food Grains, Old Irrigation Projects & Irrigation Development Projects, Maternity Datas & Birth Control.


NECESSITY, THEY SAY, IS THE mother of invention. So it should come as no surprise that the inventor of the modern raincoat, chemist Charles Macintosh, was a native of rainy Scotland. Although Macintosh is considered the father of the raincoat—waterproof coats are still called mackintoshes in the U.K.—he was by no means the first to try to make water-resistant fabrics. As early as the 13th century, South American natives were coating cloth with natural liquid latex to make waterproof footwear and capes. When Europeans tried to ship this latex back home, they found that the liquid decomposed. Bacteria attacked the natural rubber, rendering it useless. "It curdled," explains John Loadman, a retired analytical chemist and rubber historian who maintains www.bouncing-balls.com , a website dedicated to the history and chemistry of rubber. What would-be waterproofers needed was a good solvent for making latexlike solutions with solid rubber. In 1748, French scientist Francois Fresneau ...


Aim: This study aims to examine the impact of staff selection process on employee's productivity and organizational performance in NASCO Group of Company. Purpose of Study: Selection process in a company is an important criterion for effective productivity and output of services and performance appraisal. The study focused on the major barriers between effectiveness and efficiency in an organization for performance appraisal. Methodology: The research design used for this study was mixed or hybrid method, which includes quantitative and qualitative analysis (distribution of questionnaires and interview methods) to generate responses from employees in the company. The employees interviewed were selected from the Departments of Human Resource, Accounts and Productions, while employees who filled the questionnaires, were drawn from various departments of production, processing, assembling, sales and accounts of the company. Data was generated from 250 respondents who filled the questionnaire and nine randomly drawn employees of the company who were interviewed. Findings: The study noted that if an organization makes poor selection in recruiting its employees, there will be poor performance appraisal and poor organizational output. Conclusion: The study concluded that the greatest asset of an organization are they employees, and efficiency and effectiveness of a company, lies in the best practices of the selection process. Recommendations: The study recommends that for effective performance management and appraisal, private business organizations, generate revenue through employees performance output and self-motivation and if the right people are recruited into the department base on their field of discipline, they will perform maximally and company's productivity will improve.


The space of probability measures on a Riemannian manifold is endowed with the Fisher information metric. In [4] T. Friedrich showed that this space admits also Poisson structures {, }. In this note, we give directly another proof for the structure {, } being Poisson. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The energy confinement in tokamaks in thought to be limited by transport caused by plasma turbulence. Three dimensional plasma particle-in-cell (PIC) codes are used to model the turbulent transport in tokamaks to attempt to understand this phenomena so that tokamaks can be made more efficient. Presently, hundreds of hours of Cray time are used to model these experiments and much bigger and longer runs are desired, to model a large tokamak with realistic parameters is beyond the capability of existing sequential supercomputers. Parallel supercomputers might be a cost effect tool for performing such large scale 3D tokamak simulations. The goal of the work was to develop algorithms for performing PIC codes on coarse-grained message passing parallel computers and to evaluate the performance of such parallel computers on PIC codes. This algorithm would be used in a large scale PIC production code such as the UCLA 3D gyrokinetic code.


Texas has the largest bridge inventory of any state, with nearly 33,000 on-system and 17,000 off-system bridges. This inventory, coupled with the state's extensive land area, shoreline, and border with Mexico, makes transportation security a challenging task for the state. The Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) has embarked on a five-step approach to transportation security. The first step is identifying the state's most critical bridges. TxDOT recognizes that budget constraints require focusing on only the most critical structures. Second, once the most critical structures are identified, options are developed for deterrence, surveillance, and protection of those structures, tailored to each specific location. Third, because in-house expertise is not sufficient to cover all the aspects that are needed in this wide-ranging effort, research in cooperation with outside experts in various specialized security-related fields is initiated. Fourth, military transportation needs are addressed because our highways and bridges form a vital link in the defense transportation network of this country. And finally, a process is developed that will provide the training, procedures, and communication channels-- both internally and with other federal, state and local agencies--to ensure that TxDOT is prepared to deal with potential security threats.


Objective: In this study we investigated the effect of goal Orientation training on the hope of first-grade female students of high schools in Tehran. Method: Sixty students were selected using a multistep cluster sampling method. Tool of study was the Snyder's Hope measure. The experimental group was received the goal Orientation training in 10 sessions. Results: Data was analyzed based on the analysis of covariance and results revealed that the hope of students who received goal Orientation training was significantly higher than hope of students who did not. This was the case for agency component. But for the pathway component no significant effect was observed. Conclusion: Goal Orientation training is effective in increasing students hope.


Searchers for irregularities in behaviour of statistical quantities are rather important in a view of experimental studies of signals of quark-gluon plasma formation [1, 2]. In addition to the irregularities discussed in Refs. [1, 2] we found a new set of quantities which demonstrate a significant change in the same narrow range of the center of mass collision energy √S NN = 4.3–4.9 GeV. In particular, using the multicomponent hadron resonance gas model (HRGM), developed in [3], we perform a high-quality fit of 121 hadronic ratios measured for 14 values of the center of mass collision energies between 2.7 GeV and 200 GeV with the overall fit quality χ2/d.o.f.= 63.978/65≈0.98. Based on a new formulation of HRGM [3] a dramatic jump in the center of mass energy dependence of Λ/p, K+/p, Ω−/p and Ξ−/p ratios was found (see Fig. 1). It is interesting that these irregularities are also accompanied by the total to thermal particle yields asymmetry indicating a significant role of the particle decays at chemical freeze-out (see Fig. 2). Since in a hadron phase Λ hyperons and K+ mesons are mainly produced in the same reactions, then it is reasonably to expect that a formation of mixed phase will be seen in the behaviour of their ratios at the very same collision energy. Such a similarity, indeed, can be seen in Fig. 2.


Although prostate cancer metastasizes primarily into the lymphatic system, the anatomic distribution of intraprostatic lymphatics has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to clarify the distribution of lymphatics in the human prostate by immunohistochemical techniques, using an anti‐desmoplakin antibody.


In this paper, we report our study on the determination on the evolution path and dominant BmIn clusters during boron diffusion using a simple atomistic model for describing the kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC). It has been known that clusters generated after ion implantation play a decisive role in the enhanced boron diffusion at the tail region in contrast to the immobile property at the peak region. Our model, which is based on the simple continuum model [2], takes the intermediate clusters into account as well as dominant clusters for understanding the evolutionary behaviour of boron interstitial clusters during boron diffusion. We found out that the intermediate clusters such as B3I3 and B2I3 play a significant role despite that the lifetime of the corresponding intermediate clusters are relatively short due to low binding energies. Additionally, our investigation revealed that the density of BI2 clusters increased at the beginning of the annealing process while the density of B3I increased at a later stage. Also, we found the evolution path of dominant clusters from B2I to B3I during annealing. Finally, KMC simulation results were compared with experimental data, which demonstrated an excellent agreement


Continuous intravenous (IV) insulin infusion therapy minimizes blood glucose (BG) fluctuations and prevents metabolic deterioration in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) during intercurrent illness and surgery. However, data on the adequate fluid and insulin substitution in this situation is rare. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of IV insulin therapy according to our local protocol.


Epithermal mineralization of Almagrera-Herrerias area is related to a hydrothermal system wich is formed by superficial convective cells fed by meteoric marine and mag matic waters. Mathematical simulation of a theoretical hydrothermal convective system, shows a coincidence between ore deposits and mass discharge and accumulation areas, predicted by a numerical model. Previous conclusions, together with the existence of a hydrothermal system still acti ve, explains the interest to localize discharge areas of the hydrogeological system, in order to Know the mineral deposits genesis, and to search for new mineralizations.


Superior operating characteristics may be obtained in contact rectifiers and magnetic amplifiers by the use of alloys having rectangular hysteresis loops. Such loops may be produced by drastic cold rolling and final special annealing, or by heat treating in a magnetic field.


Clinical case of structural epilepsy in a patient with multiple sclerosis is presented, which shows the achievement of seizure's stable remission, which is extremely rare in forms of epilepsy with a multi-focal lesion another etiology and a long history of the disease without combination with multiple sclerosis. Video-EEG monitoring, positron emission tomography of the brain with 18F-deoxyglucose, expand the possibilities of diagnosing form of epilepsy in patients with combined pathology, which allows prescribing adequate therapy.


The lack of competitive advantage of state- owned commercial banks comes from the lagging of organizational fair application to some extent. Based on the sample data of two- class branches and by means of structural equation modeling,this paper analyses the promoting effect of organizational fair on core competitiveness by empirical research method,reveals the micro- promoting mechanism of distributive justice,procedural justice,interactional justice on the capacity of internal control,product development,risk prevention and marketing capabilities,and discovers the advantages and disadvantages of the promotion path,aiming to provide a theory reference for state- owned commercial banks to design fairness institution and to foster enterprise culture.


The mission of the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) Maintenance Division is to manage the preservation and operation of Iowa's transportation system to deliver transportation services that support the economic, environmental and social needs of its customers. This mission is particularly challenging to Snow Belt states during the perils of a winter season. Just-in-time goods deliveries, a key ingredient in any state's economic vitality, places an ever-increasing importance on reliable year-round transportation. These increasing transportation demands are coming at a time when most states are being asked to downsize their maintenance operations work force. The application of advanced snow and ice control technologies and their integration with Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) offer excellent potential for increasing operational efficiency and effectiveness as well as improving winter mobility and driver safety. In 1995, the Iowa, Michigan and Minnesota DOTs formed a consortium to define and develop the next-generation highway maintenance vehicle that would utilize the latest maintenance operational technologies and interface with ITS. Focus groups consisting of each DOT's internal and external customers revealed that while all maintenance operations could benefit from creating this new generation vehicle, ice and snow operations were the most complex and would benefit greatly from improvements in state of the art vehicle navigation systems, onboard computer applications, and enhanced safety systems. This advanced technology highway maintenance vehicle functions as both operational truck and a mobile data-gathering platform. Sensors mounted on the vehicle record air and roadway surface temperature, roadway surface condition, and roadway surface friction characteristics. This information is Global Positioning System (GPS) correlated and used in maintenance operational decision-making. The information will eventually be interfaced with the ITS technology in the Traffic Management and Information Service Provider Centers Subsystems of the National ITS Architecture. The advanced technology highway maintenance vehicle performs an important role in the U.S. Federal Highway Administration's "Weather Information for Surface Transportation ITS Field Operational Test" being conducted by the FORETELL consortium. The vehicle operates as a mobile environmental sensor station gathering real time pavement thermal profiles and air temperature data for input to the FORETELL micro scale models. Each of the three consortium states has built and operated an advanced technology highway maintenance vehicle in their daily maintenance operations for three years. Each vehicle and its advanced concept technologies have passed proof of concept tests. Each technology is now being evaluated to make sure what benefits have been realized and calculate their respective benefit/cost ratio. Emerging technologies are also being tested on the concept vehicle.


From single operation to multiple operations,the insurance industry has been in existence for more than a half century.By tracing the development history of insurance industry and the motive of these changes,we can say that multiple operations is the inevitable trend of insurance industry.


Mechanisms are typically thought of as lower level than which they explain; as 'underlying' their effects. But this conception is not inevitable and it allies with a reductionist conception of nature. There are cases where the mechanisms of production are plausibly at a higher level of nature than that which they explain, which justifies a position of strong ontological emergence and a commitment to holism. This also vindicates the need for 'special' or non-fundamental sciences. But such emergence should not be understood as a 'brute' phenomenon. There is no reason why there cannot be a perfectly naturalistic explanation of how parts become transformed through their interaction to produce new powers of their whole.


List of Illustrations. Preface: Why a History of Broadcasting in the USA?. Acknowledgments. Introduction: Broadcasting's Beginning: The Big Bang. Part I: The Network Radio Era, 1921-1950 . 1. Industrial Innovation and Diffusion: The Radio Networks. 2. Radio's Social, Cultural, and Political Impact: The First Mass Medium. 3. The Development of a New Aesthetic: Sounds. Part II: Transition, 1945-1957 . 4. TV Replaces Radio in the Living Room. 5. Radio Reinvents Itself: Top 40 and Beyond. Part III: Network Television Dominates, 1958-1982 . 6. CBS, NBC, and ABC Covering the USA. 7. Network TV's Social, Cultural, and Political Impact. 8. The Genre Machine: From Maverick to M*A*S*H. Part IV: Contemporary History, 1982-1996 . 9. Radio: The FM Era. 10. Television: Remote Control Paradise. Epilogue: Still a Broadcasting Nation: 1996 and into the Future. Appendix: Sorry, Wrong Number. Index


The maximum temperatures expected on both 220 /spl mu/g/cm/sup 2/ and 400 /spl mu/g/cm/sup 2/ carbon foils, used to strip the 1 GeV H beam at injection into the accumulator ring of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), were determined by finite-element analysis. This beam will have a pulse length of 1 ms with a repetition rate of 60 Hz and an average current over a single beam pulse of 18.2 mA. The foil size will be 10 mm/spl times/30 mm and will be mounted in a 20 cm diameter stainless steel beam pipe in the injection area of SNS. In the model, the heat generated in the foil was radiated to the wall of the beam pipe, which was exposed to ambient temperatures. The results showed that the maximum temperatures were 1728 K for the 400 /spl mu/g/cm/sup 2/ case and 1574 K for the 220 /spl mu/g/cm/sup 2/ case. A 225 /spl mu/g/cm/sup 2/ thick commercial carbon foil was tested to verify the analysis. The experiment used the 750 keV H beam at the AGS Linac, which has a pulse length of 0.5 ms and a repetition rate of 7.5 Hz. By using the same mathematical model as described above, the maximum temperatures on the foil corresponding to various energy depositions were calculated and were compared against the carbon melting temperature (3973 K). The results showed that: 1. When the predicted maximum temperature was above the carbon melting temperature, the foil failed within 1 minute of running time. 2. When the predicted maximum temperature was below the carbon melting temperature, the performance of the foil was not affected up to the end of our 10 minutes tests.


We investigated the impact of the molecular structure of cationic porphyrins on the degree of electrostatic interactions with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate that the number of cationic pyridinium units has a crucial impact on the photophysics of the porphyrin macrocycle. Fluorescence enhancement, relative to initial free porphyrin fluorescence, was found to be tuned from 3.4 to 1.3 times higher by reducing the number of cationic substituents on the porphyrin from 4 to 2. The resulting enhancement of the intensity of the fluorescence is attributed to the decrease in the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character between the porphyrin cavity and its meso substituent. The novel findings reported in this work provide an understanding of the key variables involved in nanoassembly, paving the way toward optimizing the interfacial chemistry of porphyrin–ZnO NP assembly for photodynamic therapy...


This research was aimed to investigate the effect of temperature and water addition on lactic acid produced from fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum The effect of pH on lactic acid recovery from resin IRA-400 was also studied. The fresh organic wastes were collected from traditional market and then processed to be a media for fermentation. The vegetables wastes juice was sterilized, added nutrients and microorganisms. The mixtures were incubated at anaerobic condition at 30 and 40 C for 16 days. Following the fermentation process, the lactic acid in fermentation broth was recovered using resin at pH 2 and 5. The results showed that there was no significant difference in quantity of lactic acid recovered from resin at pH 2 and 5. Increasing temperature to 40 C increased the lactic acid produced. The highest concentration of lactic acid (0.6 g/100 mL) was obtained from fermentation of pure vegetables juice at 40 C for 12 days.


The present study was conducted to screen the suitable castor (Ricinus communis) cultivar for use in commercial chawki (young age silkworms) rearing of eri silkworm (Samia ricini D.). Five commercially available cultivars of castor viz., NBR-1, Kalpi-6, DCH-519, ICH-66 and DCS-9 were sown in the field and standard package of practices were followed to select the economically viable cultivar in terms of plant growth and yield parameters. The results revealed varying degrees of growth and yield parameters in all five cultivars in terms of plant height, number of leaves per plant and leaf yield at different days after sowing. Among all the cultivars, higher growth and yield parameters was recorded in two cultivars (NBR-1 and Kalpi-6). Further, these two cultivars (NBR-1 and Kalpi-6) were selected for analysis of biochemical constituents. Higher moisture retention capacity (82.65%), protein content (20.60%), carbohydrate content (17.12%) and other leaf quality parameters which are essential for eri young age silkworms (chawki) were recorded in NBR-1. Among the two castor cultivars fed to eri-silkworm, NBR-1 fed worms recorded higher larval weight and more uniformity compared to Kalpi-6 fed worms. The results indicate suitability of NBR-1 cultivar in terms of growth, yield, biochemical constituents and eri young age silkworm rearing. Therefore, NBR-1 is recommended for commercial eri chawki rearing in view of the higher leaf yield obtained at different intervals in a year and superior in improving the rearing performance of eri chawki. Based on these findings a standard package of practice to raise NBR-1 cultivar for chawki rearing has been developed.


Hypoxia microenvironment is considered to be a contributing factor to tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism whereby hypoxia contributes to these events has not been completely elucidated. Here we showed that two pancreatic cancer (PC) cells, Panc-1 and SW1990, display different invasive and migratory abilities under hypoxia conditions (1%O2). We also showed that YAP activation was required as an important role to switch on hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion of PC cells upon hypoxia. Additionly, we found that YAP activation induced survivin expression; specific inhibition of survivin could reduce EMT and suppress the invasion and migration of PC cells. In conclusion, hypoxia promotes PC cells (Panc-1 and SW1990) invasion and migration via YAP/survivin pathway, which may be a new therapeutic target of pancreatic cancer.


A society usually views earthworms positively in agricultural contexts, as invaders of forests they can have substantial deleterious effects. Nonnative, invasive earthworms are globally widespread ecosystem engineers that alter physical and biogeochemical soil properties, affecting ecosystem functioning and habitat quality for native species (Hendrix et al. 2008). Previous reviews examined basic effects of earthworm invasion and hypothesized that cascade effects (Panel 1) were occurring (eg Frelich et al. 2006). However, recent advances provide a more comprehensive understanding of ecological cascades that are triggered by earthworm invasions and propagate through trophic systems. These are not the familiar type of bottomup or topdown cascades, which occur when bottomlevel primary producers or toplevel predators are added or removed. Instead, invasive earthworms cause cascade effects from sideways entry into the trophic structure – in effect, ecosystems are "sideswiped" when changes in functions are initiated by the entrance of earthworms into the side of the trophic structure. The earthworms increase leaf litter decomposition rates and soil mixing, thereby altering habitat structure and detritivore, microbial, and plant communities, and these changes affect herbivore communities and beyond (Figure 1). Detritivores such as dung beetles also sideswipe the trophic pyramid, with subsequent effects that cascade both up and down (Pace et al. 1999). However, in contrast to other detritivores, cascades caused by invasive earthworms cover entire terrestrial landscapes across vast spatial extents (Hendrix et al. 2008). For example, European earthworms inhabit >80% of suitable soils in northern Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan (Fisichelli et al. 2013). The spread of earthworms along waterways and roads as a result of human activities (eg fishing bait, nursery stock), with thousands of introduction points across the landscape, allows them to invade most of a region within several decades. Using earthworm impacts on ecosystems as a case study, we first define the terms ecological cascade and ecological cascade effect, then propose a novel framework for classifying ecological cascade effects (Panel 1). We divide ecological cascade effects into two types: microcascade effects and macrocascade effects. Fundamental effects of earthworm invasion on soil properties and functions (microcascade effects) are separated from the broadscale effects of concern to society (macrocasSideswiped: ecological cascades emanating from earthworm invasions


Aiming at the problems of insufficient workpiece identification and detection accuracy in industrial scenes and difficulty in positioning multiple workpieces, a detection algorithm for identifying workpieces is proposed. Based on the YOLO-V3 algorithm, the network structure and multi-scale detection are improved, and the idea of hollow convolution is introduced. The residual dense block is used to replace the residual block in the original algorithm and combined with the convolutional layer to enhance the network's extraction of workpiece feature information. The original 3 scale detection is increased to 5 scale detection to improve the detection ability of small objects, Through the hollow convolution to expand the feature map of the workpiece to assist the network to extract deep-level object features, use the Kinect v2 sensor to collect the image of the workpiece and make it into a data set, the improved algorithm is tested on the data set, the experimental results show: The average detection accuracy of the workpiece reaches 92.98%, which is about 5% higher than the accuracy of the original algorithm. The combination of this method and robot grasping technology can replace manual labor to effectively complete the sorting of workpieces in industrial scenes.


The linear mixed model has been a major research interest of Dr Arthur Gilmour, motivated by problems arising in research data generated by agricultural scientists. He has developed a variety of computer packages associated with the linear mixed model. He has tirelessly assisted researchers in the analysis and interpretation of their data using these packages. In this quest to help researchers he has made several important innovations. The purpose of this paper is to review some of these innovations, including improved iterative schemes for estimating variance parameters, developing a powerful scheme for specification of linear mixed models and exploiting sparsity to reduce the computational burden. Some of these innovations are only implicitly described in computer user guides and deserve wider recognition.