In large joint network, traditional methods cannot accurately determine the source of virus, leading to data classification of virus feature extraction model in joint network with a low convergence efficiency. A kind of virus feature extraction model for large joint network based on unconstrained clustering correlation and repeated game factor is put forward, according to the identification attribute of access data perfect it. Using unconstrained clustering correlation virus detection algorithm make accurate classification of the multi feature interference in joint network. In the classification probability calculation, constraints computational game factors are introduced. Using data game filter multi-time probabilistic contrast in the features probability matching process of joint network virus. By calculating the optimal reaction function, makes the joint network virus feature extraction to achieve optimal. Simulation results show that, the proposed model can effectively extract the characteristics of joint network virus, and the efficiency and the accuracy is better than the traditional model, has obvious optimization effect. Introduction With the rapid development of computer network technology, network type is also increasing, virus invasion of large joint network has the complexity and randomness, greatly reducing the accuracy and efficiency of virus features extraction in joint network [1, 2]. Due to the increase of network type and type of network virus, the traditional methods for network virus feature extraction are unable to real-time to ensure network security, the acquisition of effective classification method for network virus feature extraction has important significance to improve the safety of the large joint network [3]. Large joint network environment is complex, existing large-scale different types of network data, causing difficult network intrusion virus classification. traditional virus feature extraction method is based on the single source network to determine the source of virus and make extraction of the virus feature, and in large joint network, due to the inability to determine the source of virus, leading to low convergence efficiency of virus feature extraction data classification model in joint network, and the feature extraction accuracy rate is very low [4,5], there are some disadvantages. Theory of virus feature extraction in large joint network Large joint network is to take the center network as the major and access to different types of protocol network, the diversification of network access type causes the multi-source data, for this kind of virus characters data extraction, it needs to identify the data source, anomaly data characteristics and variation feature extraction is the major, and the principle is as follows: Assuming that the abnormal node features in the network are all the P dimensional feature vector, denoted 1 2 ( , , , ) T p y y y y =  , the matrix consisting of the P dimensional feature vector can be expressed as a [ ] T y S F yy = , the elements of which can be expressed as [ ] y F y = . Abnormal behavior characteristic difference matrix of network can be expressed as ( )( ) T y D F y y y y   = − −   . The anomaly characteristics of network operation behavior is made extraction, also is to compare the network operation International Conference on Automation, Mechanical Control and Computational Engineering (AMCCE 2015) © 2015. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 1249 behavior characteristics y with abnormal operation behavior characteristics 1 2 ( , , , ) T p z z z z =  , using the formula to describe:


SUMMARY: The facts: —Mr and Mrs Cheng, who were nationals of the People's Republic of China, had five children despite the restrictions on family size imposed by birth control legislation. Having entered France, they applied for recognition as refugees under the provisions of the Geneva Convention of 1951 and the New York Protocol of 1967, arguing that the Chinese authorities would punish them for the birth of their last child by forced sterilization. Their application was rejected by the French Office for the Protection of Refugees (OFPRA) and the Refugee Appeals Commission. They then applied to the Conseil dEtat for those decisions to be quashed.


Initially Darlington and Moffett (1930) and Lawrence (1931) described the occurrence of bivalents in groups of two, three or four, rather than at random, at first metaphase of meiosis in some polyploid plant species and called this pheno menon secondary association. They explained the grouping of the bivalents as due to some residual attraction between genetically or structurally similar but distantly related chromosomes. Secondary association was, however, thought to be the result of affinity of chromosome pellicles by Gustafsson (1934), repulsion forces by Heilborn (1936) and fusion of heterochromatic portions by Thomas and Revell (1946). Jacob (1957) ascribed homology between the chromosomes to be responsible for the groupings and Riley (1960) showed genetic inter-relationship to be the main causal factor for the phenomenon. Secondary association is dis tinct from the primary synaptic association, and is present in plants which truly belong to an allopolyploid series. The family Nymphaeaceae shows base numbers as 8, 10, 12, 14 and 17 and one member of it, viz. Euryale ferox characterised by its sharp prickly appearance showed a rather unusual number, n=29 which when compared to those of the other genera seemed high enough to permit investigations about the true nature of its ploidy level. The same number was, however, found by Langlet and Soder berg (1927) in plants from India and China.


The scope and reach of the climate change challenge is clearly unprecedented, as is its level of global urgency. We review the broad results of the scientific program associated with it. These results identify serious impacts on physical, biological, and human systems, as separate systems and as cascading through them. The global risks associated with these impacts are daunting. Modern analytic approaches to this order of complexity and uncertainty have so far made only a limited contribution to its understanding and resolution. In particular these approaches identify a crucial gap: the understanding and modelling of the whole, rather than the parts, of the system. We then advance the promise of Maharishi Vedic Science in providing this missing scientific knowledge, in principle and in practice. In particular we explore a model offered by Maharishi Vedic Science which describes eight levels of Natural Law to embrace all the complex diverse systems of which the global climate system is comprised. Further we review the technologies through which Maharishi Vedic Science offers to restore balance, integration and orderly growth to all systems from their foundation in the Unified Field of Natural Law. We outline the extensive scientific research program which has provided robust support for the predictions of Maharishi Vedic Science with respect to both individual and collective life; which extend, we suggest, to the global community and to the global challenge of climate change.


After the recent return to face-to-face classes in schools in Mexico, after they were suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it became clear that it was necessary to control students' health better. For this reason, we proposed the design of the Digital Disease Tracker, a system that works on mobile devices applying the UserCentered Design approach. Our system aims to allow a more complete, clear, and updated record of the student community. With this registry, educational institutions can better know the status of their students and know the level of risk in that institution to take measures to reduce it. With the evaluation carried out, we observed that the application is useful, and it is also an easy-to-use tool, which allows most users to use it without problems. It is essential to use these types of registries to help control the spread of various diseases in Mexico.


The decarbonization of the mobility and energy sector is one of the major necessary trends for achieving targets set for the European Union (EU) in the 2020 and 2030 climate and energy frameworks. Two key technologies which offer great potential for climate change mitigation are electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energies (REs). Thus, there is the need for innovative and stable policies in order to favor these technologies. The purpose of the study is to identify and compare features of policies for the integration of EVs, REs, and information and communication technology (ICT). This study uses an integrated Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT), and Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal (PESTEL) qualitative methodology in order to show different policies and initiatives, related to e-mobility, RE and ICT, collected from five European regions. This research provides discernments to the EVs and RE challenges, such as the lack of capacity to deal with high energy demands or limited EV-charging infrastructure. On the contrary, a high percentage of REs share, raising climate change awareness, and decreasing EV prices which are great opportunities for the whole EU. Such insights encourage policymakers and other groups of interest to improve their RE and mobility policies, which could lead to effective sustainable mobility systems in urban areas.


All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. • Type of peer review: Single-blind / Double-blind / Triple-blind / Open / Other (please describe) All papers were processed through double-blind review • Conference submission management system: Submission process were conducted through e-mail system via: firstname.lastname@example.com • Number of submissions received: 16 papers • Number of submissions sent for review: 16 papers • Number of submissions accepted: 12 papers • Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): (12/16) x 100 = 75 • Average number of reviews per paper: 3.3 times • Total number of reviewers involved: 17 reviewers • Any additional info on review process: The reviewing process had been conducted since the abstract submission for registration by the scientific committee of the symposium for the acceptance and rejection for an oral or poster presentation. The symposium scientific committee had also reviewed the symposium output proposed by the participant, whether it was qualified to be further processed into proceeding stage Contact person for queries: Dra. Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma Yuni, MSc., PhD. Udayana University, Bali-Indonesia E_mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Examination of types and comparative studies of the male and femule genitalia and other morphological characters of all genera of the "Pyrophorini" permitted a reclassification of this tribe. It is divided into two others: Pyrophorini sensu stricto and Heligmini, trib. n. The former, exclusively bioluminescent, includes seventeen genera (Pyrophorus sensu stricto, two genera here revalidated: Phanophorus Solier, 1851 and Hypsiophthalmus hatreille, 1834, and the following new ones: Nyctophyxis, Noxlumenes, Cryptolampros, Sooporanga, Pyroptesis, Hapsodrilus, Ptesimopsia, Pyrearinus, Fulgeochlizus, Opselater, Ignelater, Lygelater, Deilelater and Vesperelater). The latter includes all non luminous genera previously placed within the "Pyrophorini" (except for Hifo Candeze, 1881, Hifoides Schwarz, 1906, Hemirhipus Latreille, 1829, and Chalcolepsis Candeze, 1857) and four new genera originally described in the genus "Pyrophorus" (Agnostelater, Coctilelater, Euplinthus and Arcanelater). Campyloxenus Fairmaire, 1860, is removed from the Pyrophorinae and placed in a new subfamily. The hypothetical phytogeny of both tribes based on morphological evidence rombined with geographical patterns, is given. Considerations on the biology and ecology of the Pyrophorini are given.


Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) leads to morbidity, mortality and economic losses worldwide and can be controlled by detection and removal of infected animals. Bovigam™, based on IFN�γ release assays, (IGRAs) has been recently approved as an ancillary diagnostic test to the conventional tuberculin skin test (TST). The assay, which is costly kit is based on the use of purified protein derivative (PPD) as antigen, and thus leads to low specificity. In the present study, the IFN�γ rto bTB was evaluated in vitro with bTB specific antigens ESAT�6 and CFP�10 and th e secreted IFN�γ was estimated


A soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) shows soil's ability to provide water availability and the rate that this water can be transmitted and replenished. However, the current commonly used method to determine the SWCCs of soils (the axis-translation method) is time consuming. This study combines two relatively new but established methods (centrifuge and chilled mirror psychrometer) to find a rapid and reliable way to obtain the SWCC for a large range of suctions. For comparison, the SWCC was also independently measured using the axis-translation method (Tempe cell and pressure plate). The comparisons show that the SWCC parameters (air-entry values, residual suctions, and slope of SWCC) determined using the combined centrifuge and chilled mirror psychrometer methods agree well with the same SWCC parameters determined using the Tempe cell and pressure plate methods (axis-translation method). At the same time, the time taken was cut down from a few months for the axis-translation method to about two days for the combined centrifuge and chilled mirror psychrometer.


The outcome of a Ph.D. thesis, Sebastian Groes's The Making of London is a dense book evincing an excellent knowledge of the field. Aimed at tracing the evolution of the representation of London in...


Modern complex circuits are described in very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) and difficult to verify. This paper proposes a systematic and visual dependency analysis method based on VHDL. The dependency relationships including control dependency, data dependency, signal control dependency and signal data dependency are defined. The entity dependency graph is presented and its generation algorithm, which searches the dependency relationships in hardware processes and between hardware processes, are developed. The experiment of a typical keyboard demonstrates that it is a visual and efficient method to analyze dependency relationships of VHDL for formal verification.


The invention relates to a construction laser system. The construction laser system includes a rotating laser with self-leveling and a laser receiver. According to the system, under the condition, the system provides a self-leveling recalibration process by which the self-leveling is checked automatically for quality and, specially, the related calibration data can updated automatically. So a sequence of N calibration measurements is defined, wherein N is greater than or equal to three. The calibration measurements are obtained by the rotating laser and the laser receiver with a respective azimuthal alignment of the stand while the position of the laser receiver remains unchanged. As part of each calibration measurement, one output signal dependent on the laser beam impingement position is detected in each conduction according to the invention.


HAD Apple Blythe Alison Martin-the offspring of a celebrity couple, Gwyneth Paltrow and Chris Martin-been born a boy, it is quite possible she would have had been given something of a more normal name. This suggestion arises from research into changing fashions in children's names,published in Proceedings of the Royal Society. Alexander Bentley, of University College, London, and his colleagues are studying the mathematics of cultural transmission. For this sort of work,birth records-which contain every instance in a country of one sort of cultural object, namely people's first names-are a particularly good source of data.


CPC's ninety-year glorious history is a process in which the Party's leaders insist on and develop the Marx doctrine in leading China's socialist revolution and construction,and continue to achieve Marxism in China in the practice innovation and theory innovation.


Background: Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common diseases. The early diagnosis of this disease will reduce the length of treatment and decrease high medical costs. In recent years, the use of computer techniques in data mining and intelligent algorithms has accelerated the early diagnosis of this disease. One of the intelligent methods to diagnose this disease is artificial intelligence networks. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease using an artificial intelligence network based on the multilayer perceptron method. Methods: The data of laboratory samples were collected from 140 healthy people and patients with chronic kidney disease. After preprocessing and normalization, the data were given to a multilayer perceptron and the accuracy of disease diagnosis was evaluated. All analyses were performed using MATLAB software. Results: The simulation showed a 98% accuracy of diagnosis using the proposed model. Conclusions: The results of real data suggested that the proposed system was more effective and faster than other methods in the diagnosis of acute kidney disease and it can be used as a physician assistant tool in clinical practice. In addition, it can be a cost-effective method for patients.


'Constanta' and 'Sorbonne' and 9 F1 hybrids of 'Constanta' × 'Sorbonne' were used as materials in this experiment,and a modified method of CTAB was applied to extract the genomic DNA from the young leaves.The orthogonal design L16(45)was used to optimize the ISSR-PCR system for oriental lily at four levels and five factors,namely,DNA polymerase,Mg2+,DNA template,dNTPs and primers.The results of PCR were evaluated by intuitive and variance analysis.Results showed that the best reaction system was 20 μL reaction solution,containing 0.5 μmol/min Taq DNA polymerase,1.75 mmol/mL Mg2+,40-100 ng template DNA,0.15 mmol/mL dNTPs,0.6 μmol/L primers,2 μL 10×PCR buffer and ddH2O.Using single factor experiment design,we found that 55-45 ℃ was the best touch down PCR annealing temperature,the best cycle times was 30 and the best extend time was 1.5 min.The stabilization of the optimized reaction system was tested by using 'Constanta' and 'Sorbonne' and 9 F1 hybrids of 'Constanta' × 'Sorbonne'.


6H-dibenzoxaphosphorin-6-α-methyl-, methyl ester, propanoic acid, methyl-propanoic acid, methyl-ester)-6-oxide (DOPPMO), which as intumescent flame retardant, was prepared from 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxy-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO). Using melt intercalating method, organic cation intercalated into montmorillonite to get organo-montmorillonite (OMMT). Then DOPPMO and OMMT had mixed with polypropylene to preparate flame retardant materials. The microstructure of the composites was characterized by XRD、TEM and SEM. The flame retardant properties were studied via limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL-94) and TGA. The mechanical properties were investigated by the tensile and impact experiments. The results showed that DOPPMO and OMMT had good synergistic effect of flame retardant, and mechanical properties of polypropylene remained unchanged.


Study design: cross-sectional and prevalence study. Objective: compare symptoms criteria for Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in men and women living with HIV/aids, patients with lipodystrophy syndrome on antiretroviral therapy. Method: Forty-one patients of both sexes (18-69 years), from an exercise guidance program as alternative therapy. They had their body composition (DXA), height, weight, abdomen circumference, and lipid profile, blood glucose, blood pressure, and CD4+ count, determined. The IDF criteria for diagnosis of MS were used. Results: Women showed greater relative fat (p = 0.001), central obesity (p = 0.005), total cholesterol (p = 0.043) and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.034), and CD4+ count (p = 0.034) when compared to men. The mean values for both sexes showed high levels of triglycerides (> 211.4 mg.dL-1) and low HDL (< 39.5 mg.dL-1). The prevalence ratio of MS was twice in women than men (p = 0.005). Conclusion: The prevalence ratio (PR = 0.465) of sex metabolic syndrome-associated, shown that woman patients have higher relative risk and therefore require alternative actions to reduce the chances of developing this syndrome


Mollenauer et al. have experimentally demonstrated the transmission of optical solitons in a single mode fiber over large distance up to 10000 km [1]. One of the limitations to the transmission rate in the soliton regime of propagation is an interaction between optical pulses. Besides the well studied short-range Kerr-like interaction, Smith and Mollenauer experimentally discovered the interaction of the two periodic trains of 55-ps solitons shifted in time on several dozens of soliton widths for propagation distance of 3000 km [2]. In [3,4] we suggested and developed the theory of a mechanism of long-range interaction of solitons - electrostrictional interaction. According to this theory an optical pulse excites an acoustic wave, propagating in transverse direction to the fiber axis. This leads to the temporal perturbation of the fiber effective refractive index. In consequence, the following optical pulses become phase-modulated and change their carrier frequency. That results in additional temporal shift of solitons. We have obtained a good quantitative agreement [4] with experimental results of [2] on interaction of two soliton pulse trains.


Recent evidence indicates a new role for histone deacetylases (HDACs) in the activation of genes governing the host immune response. Virus, along with other pathogenic stimuli, triggers an antiviral defense mechanism through the induction of IFN, IFN-stimulated genes, and other proinflammatory cytokines. Many of these genes have been shown to be regulated by transcription factors of the IFN regulatory factor (IRF) family. Recent studies from IRF5 knockout mice have confirmed a critical role for IRF5 in virus-induced type I IFN expression and proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and TNF- a ; yet, little is known of the molecular mechanism of IRF5-mediated proinflammatory cytokine expression. In this study, we show that both HDACs and histone acetyltransferases (HATs) associate with IRF5, leading to alterations in its transactivation ability. Using the HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A, we demonstrate that ISRE, IFNA, and IL6 promoters require HDAC activity for transactivation and transcription, whereas TNF a does not. Mapping the interaction of corepressor proteins (HDAC1, silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptor/nuclear corepressor of retinoid receptor, and Sin3a) and HATs to IRF5 revealed distinct differences, including the dependence of IRF5 phosphorylation on HAT association resulting in IRF5 acetylation. Data presented in this study support a mechanism whereby virus triggers the dynamic conversion of an IRF5-mediated silencing complex to that of an activating complex on promoters of target genes. These data provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, of a known of its mechanism of gene regulation.Toelucidate the mechanism(s) of IRF5-mediated proinflammatory cytokine expression, we have characterized its transactivation function in the presence or absence of HDACi, HDACs, and HATs. Unexpectedly, we find that IRF5 interacts with both HATs and HDACs, along with other corepressor proteins; how-ever, these interactions were, in part, dependent on IRF5 posttranslational modification in response to virus. We demonstrate that formation of the corepressor or coactivator complexes occurs on distinct regions of the IRF5 polypeptide and that acetylase and/or deacetylase activities are important components of IRF5-regulated proinflammatory cytokine expression. The recruitment of these complexes to the IFNA promoter, in particular, required an elab-orate exchange of interacting partners that was at least partially dependent on virus-induced IRF5 phosphorylation. Together, these results highlight the importance of both HATs and HDACs in controlling IRF5-mediated proinflammatory cytokine expression.


The multilayer time indicator, comprising:.. A veneer sheets, B active layer, C a timing layer, D dye layer, and E. substrate... In one embodiment, the overlay sheet and the active layer comprises a first portion or portions of the activated indicator, and a timing layer, a dye layer comprising a substrate and a second portion or base portion of the indicator. In one embodiment, the active layer and the timing layer of the second portion of the first portion of each protected with a release sheet. In one embodiment, the first and second portions each comprise an indicator assembly, the assembly by removing the release sheet and the layer is bonded to the timing of the activation layer is converted to an activated time indicator. In one embodiment, the first and second portions joined to each other by a common release sheet or liner, the common release sheet or liner of the indicator held in an inactive state until the release sheet It was removed and the activation layer is bonded to the timing layer.


The purpose of the present study was to examine the efficacy of U‐74006F, a 21‐aminosteroid, on lung dysfunction induced by endotoxaemia in awake sheep with lung lymph fistula and haemodynamic monitoring. We measured pulmonary haemodynamics, lung lymph balance, circulating leucocyte count, arterial blood gas tensions, and levels of thromboxane (Tx) B2 and 6‐keto‐prostaglandin (PG) F1α in plasma and lung lymph. We performed two experiments. In experiment 1 (n = 6), we intravenously infused Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (1 μg/kg) over 30 min and observed the parameters over 5 h. In experiment 2 (n = 6), we pretreated sheep with an intravenous bolus of U‐74006F (2 mg/kg) 30 min before the infusion of endotoxin in the same manner of experiment 1, and continuously infused U‐74006F (0.5 mg/kg per h) over 5 h after the bolus during the experiment. The U‐74006F significantly suppressed the early pulmonary hypertension, the late increase in pulmonary permeability and the elevations of TxB2 and 6‐keto‐PGF1α levels in plasma and lung lymph during the early period following endotoxaemia, although the compound did not change the time course of leucocytopenia and hypoxaemia. These findings suggest that the administration of U‐74006F attenuates the lung dysfunction induced by endotoxaemia in awake sheep.


Isorhyncophylline, the isomer into which rhyncophylline is convertible, has been found to occur in nature. Both bases are interconvertible. Isorhyncophylline on hydrolysis with dilute hydrochloric acid is converted to an aldehyde reducible to isorhyncophyllol. When the aldehyde is reduced in the Wolff–Kishner reaction, it is also isomerized and the product is isorhyncophyllane. This reduction product is oxidized by mercuric acetate to a neutral dilactam which still contains the oxindole carbonyl and further contains a new lactam carbonyl present in a six-membered ring. Reduction of the dilactam with lithium aluminum hydride gave a product having the spectroscopic properties of an indole. This confirms the assumption previously made that in rhyncophylline, ring C is five-membered. The isomerization of rhyncophylline, mitraphylline, and formosanine is described. Formosanine has been shown to be identical with uncarine-B and thus uncarine-A is the iso base derivable from formosanine.


This study evaluates the monopoly power of Qatar banking industry during the period 1993 to 2002. The sample consists of panel of 60 observations using the 'H-statistic' by Panzar and Rosse and investigates the market structure using the most frequently applied measures of concentration k-bank concentration ratio and Herfindahl–Hirschman index. Both of the concentration indices indicate that the Qatar had a 'very concentrated market'. The Panzar and Rosse 'H-statistic' suggests that Qatar banks operate under monopolistic competition. Qatar Central Bank should be very cautious in granting mergers among banks, in particular among large 'core' banks.


A new technique for measuring altitude profiles of atmospheric winds has been developed. The technique, which involves an analysis of the exhaust noise of large rockets, has yielded wind data from the ground to altitudes as high as 85 km. The results obtained to date indicate that wind profiles are of sufficient accuracy to be meteorologically useful.


A simple effective technique illustrating a potential role for the orthodontist in the management of facial trauma is described. Maxillomandibular elastic traction is a wellestablished treatment for minimally-displaced or undisplaced fractures of the body, angle, and condyle of the mandible. The placement of fixation, archbars, eyelets, etc can use considerable, valuable theatre time. Alternatives have therefore been suggested (Magennis and Craven, 1990) such as orthodontic chain elastic (Smith, 1993). The use of bonded buttons has been used as an alternative successfully in this way over the last 2 years. Our local protocol for management of condylar fractures requires a 1 week period of elastic inter-maxillary traction, to buttons bonded onto the buccal segment teeth. This method has decreased the morbidity of treatment when compared to fixation using archbars, eyelets, or transalveolar screws placed under general anaesthesia and is also much less costly. It, obviously, does not replace open reduction and internal fixation for those fractures which are displaced.


This paper outlines an approach to modelling strategic behaviour in the Global Trade Analysis Project's computable general equilibrium model GTAP-E. This modelling innovation has been motivated by the desire to compute game-theoretic equilibria for climate policy analysis to gain insights into the potential outcomes of international climate change negotiations and optimal burden sharing arrangements. Demonstrations of the model applied under a permit trading regime and independent carbon taxation are given. The demonstrations show that, for the same value placed on emissions abatement, an international permit trading scheme results in a higher payoff for all regions. We also find that, for the same level of abatement, optimal differential carbon taxes lead to a significantly lower total welfare loss than uniform taxes imposed under international permit trading, due to pre-existing taxes. The technique can be applied more broadly to any numerical optimization of GEMPACK models.


This paper has analyzed the role and the characteristics of logistics industry in China. In China the logistics industry has entered industrial development stage but governments still continues using original industrial partition system. The statistical data on logistics industry is not accurate, not overall, has the condition of estimatedness .This paper reflects the logistics scale with freight transportation revolving quantities, and uses the method of grey incidence to analyze the relation between scale and related economic factors, carries out lateral analysis for the reason that Chinese logistics industry develop fast, points out development direction of Chinese logistics industry in future.


Research on the measures to conserve soil water in the dry-hot valley areas is conducted in order to realize the vegetation restoration of abandoned dreg site of hydropower station.With Jatropha curcas and Leucaena leucocephala as the testing plants,soil in vegetation restoration plots is treated with water retaining agent,and the restoration effects are monitored.The experiments indicate that soil in the abandoned dreg site with water retaining agent can stimulate the growth and development of Jatropha curcas and Leucaena leucocephala and improve their survival rate in dry season in compasion with the blank and control.The increasing rate of Jatropha curcas in plant height,average number of leaf,most leaf area,single weightiness and chlorophyl content increased 14.31%,17.46%,4.0%×4.76%(length×breadth),9.11% and 2.05% compared with CK.The survival rate of Jatropha curcas in dry season could reach up to 90.58%.The increasing rate of Leucaena leucocephala in plant height,average number of leaf,most leaf area,single weightiness and chlorophyl content increased 12.80%,9.09%,5.75%×4.16%(length×breadth),9.62% and 2.65% compared with CK.The survival rate of Leucaena leucocephala in dry season could reach up to 89.28%.


Optimizing the control mode of optical payload could improve the payload's work efficiency. When the mathematic model of payload's control mode was established, optimization problems could be boiled down to seek the maximal value of the function with many variables. This paper put forward a calculational method to base the mathematic model, the calculational method was multi-population genetic algorithm (MPGA). After the 0-1 variables and real multidimensional ones had been coded separately, the algorithm established the populations independently, made the multidimensional variables as the centrosome and combined 0-1 ones to work out the maximal value of the function which was established to describe the control mode of the optical payload. Moreover, the emulational experiment had been done with the material arithmetic operators. The result indicates that the method using MPGA can hurdle the disadvantage of traditional ones which calculate slowly and get into local best value trap easily. It has the characters that not only fits large scale area scout, but also gets the best value in full scale rapidly, so this algorithm can better satisfy the technology demand for the intelligent control of optical payload.


Randublatung Groundwater Basin is a cross-regional Groundwater Basin located in Central Java with an area of 203 Km2. The increase of population in this area led to the increasing need for groundwater not only for freshwater sources and consumption but also for agriculture and industrial needs. The rise of uncontrolled groundwater usage can result in pollution and degradation in the quality and quantity of groundwater. There need to be conservation efforts to maintain the sustainability of groundwater utilization. This study aims to determine conservation zones and management priorities in the Randublatung groundwater basin area. Conservation zones are determined based on the value of their parameters: (a) availability and potential of groundwater, (b) groundwater depletion, (c) changes in groundwater quality, (d) land use, (e) aquifer characteristics, (f) prioritization of groundwater protection areas, and (g) water use. Those parameters are weighed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and then overlaid corresponding to the weight of the parameter to acquire the matrix of conservation zones. The results indicate the type of lithology in the research area was an alluvial deposit—the development of the data processing presented in the form of a map of groundwater. There are four types of conservation zones in a confined aquifer, i.e., secured, vulnerable, and critical.


The western development project is not only an interactive economic activity but also a dialectical process of the conformation of the overall national culture and the minority cultures. The Book of Changes, which is regarded as the origin of the Chinese culture, embodies abundant sense of national affinity, whose deep implication is still of vital significance to the ongoing western development effort.


This paper is a study of cross-sectional imaging of a specimen with gamma transmission tomography system. The aim of this paper is to create the cross-section image of a warhead specimen with the gamma transmission tomography system for inspection the air gaps, cracks find them from the specimen. The compositions of specimen are including cylindrical steel , steel balls ,rubber and plaster. The steel balls are formed in the cylindrical steel and explosive is replaced by plaster. Two holes and a rectangle shape are formed in the plaster. The results from cross-section image from the reconstruction shows holes but the thin rectangle shape is invisible.


This paper models the frost formation process on a cold surface exposed to warm moist air flow. The model employs a one dimensional transient formulation based upon the local volume averaging technique. This model enables predicting the frost temperature, density and thickness distribution along the plate as well as the void fraction. Available experimental data was used to validate the model. Also numerical experiments were realized to establish the best initial values of the diffusivity and initial radius of the ice crystals.


Colstrip and Forsyth, Montana are two of the currently affected communities included in the study to help us learn something of the effects which large-scale construction projects have on small communities. The findings of the Project Survey, which was conducted at the Colstrip power plant, along with the findings of the Household Survey, conducted in both Colstrip and Forsyth, are presented. The Household Survey findings for both towns are included because both towns were affected by the construction of the Colstrip electrical generating plant, and it was assumed that anyone interested in data for one town would be interested in those for the other.


PURPOSE: A sidewall insert rubber composition is provided to have a high hardness and a tensile strength, to improve fatigue resistance, crack resistance, and heating resistance, and to have excellent run-flat performance. CONSTITUTION: A sidewall insert rubber composition includes 20-70 parts by weight of a natural rubber, 20-70 parts by weight of a butadiene rubber, and 10-60 parts by weight of a styrene-butadiene-isoprene rubber. The styrene content of the styrene-butadiene-isoprene rubber is 25-50 wt%, and vinyl content in the butadiene is 25-50 wt%, and the methyl content in the isoprene is 25-50 wt%. Molecular terminals of the styrene-butadiene-isoprene rubber are modified with hydrophilic groups. The molecules are coupled with each other by Sn or Si.


Simulation software in MANET research is vital. Such a tool provides a versatile mechanism to understand all the involved aspects of these particular systems, from the radio interface to the last communication layer. In this chapter, the authors present the SimuMANET project, a tool for both simulation and field tests purpose. It allows the deployment of wireless reconfigurable ad-hoc networks and MANETs, assisted by a real-time graphical user interface (GUI) for network traffic monitoring and management of radio electric features of the links established between the active network nodes. Due to a set of functionalities, such as GUI, network topology visualization, traffic and motion pattern configuration, and real-time network status analysis, the simulator introduced here becomes a valid tool for both research and education targets. Two scenarios with different types of motion and traffic are simulated using the SimuMANET tool, and the results are shown and commented to illustrate some capabilities of this software. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-0321-9.ch022


Background. We have used multiple rating scales to assess moods in our research since 2011. Here we present the results of using a multiple NRS for mood, the NRS‐M, before and after electroacupuncture (EA) delivered by and to students in a classroom situation. With a variety of innovative secondary measures, we explore how the NRS‐M was scored, and also whether personality type, emotional intelligence and the helpfulness of prior acupuncture impacted on NRS‐ M scores and changes. Objectives. 1. To pilot primary measures of personality type, emotional intelligence (EI) and the helpfulness of prior acupuncture in a teaching situation; 2. To develop secondary measures to describe how the NRS‐M and EI scales are completed; 3. To provide descriptive statistics for these primary and secondary measures; 4. To investigate interactions between the primary and secondary measures; 5. To draw conclusions from the resulting findings. Methods. Respondents were recruited during six EA teaching sessions in the UK, attended as part of the requirement for a University degree qualification in acupuncture practice. The teaching sessions all followed a similar standard pattern, and respondents were not obliged to complete the scales. Ethics approval was granted under applications for related studies by the Health and Human Sciences Ethics Committee of the University of Hertfordshire, UK. Permission was also received from the course organisers and respondents themselves. Further information on the questionnaires and secondary measures used, together with their analysis, is provided online at http://www.qeeg.co.uk/electroacupuncture/. Results. Mood changes exhibited a 'regression to the median': 'Positive' moods tended to increase and 'negative' moods to decrease. Intuitive Jungian (Myers‐Briggs) types outnumbered Sensing types, and Feeling types outnumbered Thinking types, supporting the view of acupuncturists as likely to be – or to consider themselves as – more 'touchy‐ feely' than thinking types. In support of this, emotional intelligence (EI) scores for these acupuncture students appeared significantly higher than the reference norms for the general population. There were also differences in response between Introverts and Extraverts, and several dimensions of EI that can be considered as markers of self‐regulation were significantly more prominent for 'good responders' than 'poor responders'. In addition, those who initially felt more 'Gloomy' were slightly more likely to position their X below the line when scoring their moods using the NRS, whereas EI Optimism tended to be higher in those scoring above the line. Conclusions. Many statistical tests were conducted to assess differences and associations between the primary and secondary measures used in this study, so at least some of these findings are likely to be the result of chance. They should therefore be treated with caution rather than embraced uncritically. Nevertheless, our results may be helpful when entering the uncharted waters of the question 'Who responds well to acupuncture?', our next major project. Similarly, this first known attempt to use Shannon entropy to analyse questionnaire results was disappointing, but could pave the way to investigating whether variability (uncertainty) in responses to self‐report instruments is in any way associated (positively) with more openness or awareness, or (negatively) with levels of stress or anxiety.


A common tool used in the exploration of hydrocarbons is Amplitude-VersusOffset (AVO) analysis. This particular method has been very effective in identifying major natural gas deposits. Sengupta et al., 1997 shows that the AVO response from data is sensitive to uncertainties in various rock properties. Specifically, the work of Sengupta et al., 1997 shows how the uncertainties in compressional-wave velocities (Vp), shear-wave velocities (Vs), and densities (ρ) project themselves as uncertainties in an AVO response. That is to say, these authors quantify how sensitive the AVO response is to uncertainties in the rock properties.


A real king's life is perhaps a hard one; but a pretended king's is, I warrant, much harder. On the next day, Sapt instructed me in my duties—what I ought to do and what I ought to know—for three hours; then I snatched breakfast,...


Abstract Toward the synthesis of FR225654, an antidiabetic natural product, the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation of chiral bishomoallylic alcohols, never reported in the literature, was examined. Employing the pyrimidine class of ligands, a high level of matched diastereoselectivity was obtained. An application to the stereoselective synthesis of the C1–C10–C5 fragment of FR225654 was performed.


The Programme of Action endorsed during the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development at Cairo articulated a vision of the population issues being central to the improving quality of life of worlds people. The ICPD and subsequently +5 set out number of goals to be attained over a time frame of 20 yrs. ICPD goals match very closely with the Millennium Development Goals arising out of the 2000 Millennium Declaration agreed by 189 nations. In Indian context these goals are also reflected in the Tenth Five Year Plan (X FYP) document National Population Policy (2000) and National Health Policy (2002). As we observe 10th anniversary of the ICPD there is need to reflect on the achievements made and the missed opportunities with respect to improving reproductive health. The objective of the Programme of Action endorsed at Cairo called upon all countries to strive to make reproductive health accessible through the primary health care system to all individuals of appropriate age as soon as possible and not later than 2015. (excerpt)


The unsteady output of a spanwise array of plasma actuators, arranged to generate laminar streaks of streamwise vorticity in a Blasius boundary layer, are modelled numerically. When the forcing by the actuators undergoes a step change from off to on, the flow response downstream of the actuators is initially inverted in terms of the streamwise vorticity, disturbance velocity, and wall shear stress before approaching the steady-state behaviour. The present study considers the effect of the length of the actuator in the streamwise direction and the effect of the rate change of the output of the actuator with respect to the non-minimum phase behaviour. Four different actuator lengths are considered. For the gradually applied force, the body force increases linearly from zero to the same maximum value of the step, which simulates a reduced slew rate or ramped output. It is shown that the inverse response remains for the gradually applied input, however, the peak magnitude is less and the overall response appears more damped. As the actuator length is reduced, while forcing was compensated for the shorter convective time over the actuator, the peak inverse response was enhanced.


AbstractResearch on the oxidation behaviour of alloys from the Fe-Mn-Al system has been devoted primarily to the austenitic alloys with particular attention being paid to their mechanical properties. Information regarding their oxidation behaviour and scale morpology is sparse. There is very little on the behaviour of the ferritic alloys and these show great promise as heat resisting alloys, particularly with small additions of chromium. The oxidation behaviour of iron, manganese and binary iron-manganese alloys is reviewed in this paper, to clarify the behaviour of the more complex ternary alloys.


The product of chlorination of poly(vinyl chloride), perchlorovinyl (PerCV), dissolves in most organic solvents, a fact explained by the weakening of intermolecular interaction by irregular disposition of chlorine atoms along the chain. For evaluation of the changes in these forces, solubility parameters were determined by the method of turbidimetry and viscosimetry proposed by Suh, Clark, and Mangarai.

For turbidimetry 15 solvents of differing chemical nature and 2 nonsolvents were used: hexane (low solubility parameter) and methanol (high solubility parameter). Values of the intrinsic viscosity and Huggins constants were obtained from viscometric data. Consideration of the results in terms of the Flory-Huggins theory gave a value of 9.30(cal/cm3)1/2 for the solubility parameter of PerCV.


The property "Lojtnanten 1" is situated in Vastra Skogen, Solna, and is owned by theSolna municipality. The question at issue answered in this study is "Is it profitable to convert the multistory c ...


Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) and three-phase partitioning (TPP) had been considered as efficient and economical strategies for large-scale purification of the desired protein from a fermentation broth containing a wide variety of biomolecules. The influence of various process parameters on α-galactosidase partitioning in the process of ATPS and TPP were investigated respectively. For ATPS process, highest purification fold (3.25-fold ) with 84.41 % activity recovery of α-galactosidase was observed in the system containing 12 % (w/w) PEG 2000 and 11.9 % (w/w) phosphate, at pH5.0 and 25 �. Meanwhile, the optimal TPP system was found at pH5.5 with 60 % (w/v) ammonium sulfate saturation and 1:1.5 crude extract to t-butanol ratio. Consequently, 6.27-fold purification with 97.21 % activity recovery of α-galactosidase was given by the system. There was no change in the optimum pH and temperature observed for partially purified α-galactosidase compared to crude enzyme extract. By comparing two strategies from courses and effects, TPP technique is a more attractive process for the purification of α-galactosidase from Aspergillus niger and it is a good candidate for industrial application.


This paper concentrates on the results of sustainability caused by climatic elements in Iranian traditional architecture in Hot-Humid regions. In a vast country such as Iran, with different climatic zone, traditional builders have presented a series of logical solutions for human comfort. The aim of this research is to demonstrate traditional architecture in Mild-Humid climate of Iran as a sample of sustainable architecture. Sustainability in architecture means conserving constructions for the future, in terms of physical durability planet protect conserving on energy resources. In this case, it seems that sustainability would be based on the introduction productive models in which available materials and resources are used more efficiently, rather than being ignored. Nowadays, the knowledge of building ecology focuses on its capacity to integrate environmental and climatic parameters into design and thus enhances space qualities such as comfortability. Traditional architecture of Iran is perceived sustainable for having sustainable features. It is able to response to environmental problems from a long period. Its features are based on climatic factors as well as local construction materials of Hot-Humid regions. This research uses library documents and Internet sites as well as analyzing building plans. At first, it describes meaning of sustainable development, sustainable architecture and its principles. The principles of sustainable architecture will be explained according to characteristics of traditional architecture in Hot-Humid regions. Then, it is necessary to investigate building's elements such as roof, wall, window and wind catcher, building materials and colors are also considered important interrelation to sustainability. This paper concludes that according to some factors, it is possible to address Iranian traditional architecture sustainable. 1. SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE Sustainable development is to be seen practical solutions given against traditional patterns of social and economic development that prevents annihilation of natural resources destroy of ecosystems, increase of pollution, irregular increase of population and decrease quality of human life. Another definition of sustainable development is ′′sustainable development is a kind of development that is able to protect human health and improve ecological orders for along period′′. Sustainable development has a comprehensive sense and is related to all aspects of human life. In practically, using sustainable development models needs basic changes in international politics. ′′The Green approach to architecture is not a new approach. It has existed since people first selected a south – facing cave rather than one facing north to achieve comfort in a temperate climate. What is new the realization that a green approach to the design of buildings, by their materials, fuels or the contribution of the users, need to be considered if a sustainable architecture is to be produced. Many building embody at least one of the various identifiable green characteristics. Few as yet embrace the holistic approach. Rather than suggesting ideal of imaginary so174 International Conference "Passive and Low Energy Cooling for the Built Environment", May 2005, Santorini, Greece lutions to the problems of green architecture, a series of building will be examined which all embody some green characteristics, considered in relation to a set of green principle. However, the green principles purposed are not intended as a set recipe that must be followed, but are put forward as a reminder of the issues that many designers ignore. Nevertheless, the headings that follow for a green architecture to emerge. Principle 1: Principle 2: Working with climate: Buildings should be designed to work with climate and natural energy sources. Principle 3: Minimizing new resources: A building should be designed so as to minimize the use of new resources and at the end of its useful life, to form the resources for other architecture. Principle 4: Respect for users: green architecture recognizes the importance of all the people involved with it. Principle 5: Respect for site: A building will ′′touch – this – earth – lightly′′ Principle 6: Holism: All the green principles need to be embodied in a holistic approach to the built environment′′ . 2. THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON IRANIAN VERNAVULAR ARCHITECTURE&URBAN PLANNING IN


Tensor product immersions of a given Riemannian manifold was initiated by B.-Y. Chen. In the present article we study the tensor product surfaces of two Euclidean plane curves. We show that a tensor product surface M of a plane circle c1 centered at origin with an Euclidean planar curve c2 has harmonic Gauss map if and only if M is a part of a plane. Further, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a tensor product surface M of a plane circle c1 centered at origin with an Euclidean planar curve c2 to have pointwise 1-type Gauss map.


Studies examining the democratizing potential of new media have tended towards a somewhat parochial Anglocentrism, which has characterized much of the ensuing debate and therefore often failed to fully predict the effects in other contexts and cultures. While new media"s role in circumventing the obviously deficient media environment of parts of the Arab world attracted global attention post Arab Spring, and some attempts have been made to examine the impact in other overtly authoritarian regimes, this article argues that the most revealing dynamic is elsewhere: in "West-facing" post-Soviet countries which embrace concepts of media freedom and democracy yet fail to fully implement them. In these media environments, sometimes described as "semi-free" (Robakidze, 2011), web access is often very high, partly driven by the failures of the mainstream independent press to capitalize on the post-Communist environment combined with recent limitations on the freedom of the press. Two countries on similar political trajectories, Ukraine and Georgia, are examined in this article. Both experienced so-called "Colour Revolutions" in the early 2000s, with "media freedom" a fundamental part of protestors" demands, yet the underpinning cultural context differs considerably, with a comparative approach to the research revealing some significant areas of congruence whilst simultaneously stressing the importance of geopolitical context in the development and effectiveness of online journalism. Through the use of immersive interviews with journalists in both countries, the article identifies the emergence of "hub websites" specializing in independent political journalism, around which an engaged and politically active population is coalescing. Chester Research Online 2012:CRO:1 3 Introduction: Online political journalism in context The deficiencies of contemporary mainstream journalism generate political attention in many contexts and countries worldwide. Whilst it is inappropriate to overgeneralize, the charges levelled against the industry have become familiar in numerous highly diverse media environments. Typically, complaints in Europe and North America revolve around structural problems and resource issues which combine with a commercial disinclination to cover politics to contribute to a "disconnect" between the processes of democracy and the voting public. In other contexts, the commercial disinclination to cover politics is sometimes replaced by rather more serious forms of direct or indirect censorship and other forms of control over the press. Beckett (2008) argues that the long-running debate about the gulf between the democratic ideal and the prevailing reality is increasingly situated in the news media itself. In a climate in which the democratic function of the news media is increasingly called into question, a parallel growth in the scope and ambition of political blogs, politically-motivated social media and other forms of internet-enabled political communication is perhaps unsurprising, with several commentators arguing that the internet offers increased opportunities for enhanced democratic discourse. Predictions that the internet will reinvigorate public debate and reconnect politicians to their public are not new, of course: Blumler and Coleman called for a "civic commons in cyberspace" as early as 2001, and well before that new media environment"s implications for political communication were being explored by


Background: HIV/AIDS is one of the most important public health problems today. It has spread throughout the world without discriminating as to culture, language, race, gender, or age. Surveillance shows that the greatest increase in HIV infection is in the young adult population.

Objectives: This study was carried out with the aim of assessing the Effect of educational intervention with pamphlets about AIDS on knowledge and attitudes of high school students in Ashtian city.

Methods: We conducted an interventional survey on 200 high school students in two groups (case and control) selected with multistage sampling method from high schools of Ashtian city. Instrument used for data collection was a valid and reliable questionnaire designed by researcher. Education was provided to case group using pamphlets about AIDS and one month after the intervention, knowledge and attitudes of both groups were measured again and the obtained data was analyzed using statistical software SPSS-15.

Results: Both groups were matched in demographic variables. Mean knowledge score in case group significantly increased after the intervention, whereas changing was not seen in the control group. Results showed that education using pamphlet had no significant effect on attitude.

Conclusion: Using educational media such as pamphlets, to increase the knowledge can be useful in situations with no possibility of individual and group training. But to influence and change attitudes media and educational methods should be used that require the participation of learners.


The Minimum Error Correction (MEC) approach is used as a metric for reconstruction of haplotypes from NGS reads. In this paper, we show that the MEC may encounter with imprecise reconstructed haplotypes for some NGS devices. Specifically, using mathematical derivations, we evaluate this approach for the SOLiD, Illumina, 454, Ion, Pacific BioSciences, Oxford Nanopore, and 10X Genomics devices. Our results reveal that the MEC yields inexact haplotypes for the Illumina MiniSeq, 454 GS Junior+, Ion PGM 314, and Oxford Nanopore MK 1 MinION.


The early life environment can profoundly shape the trajectory of an animal's life, even years or decades later. One mechanism proposed to contribute to these early life effects is DNA methylation. However, the frequency and functional importance of DNA methylation in shaping early life effects on adult outcomes is poorly understood, especially in natural populations. Here, we integrate prospectively collected data on fitness-associated variation in the early environment with DNA methylation estimates at 477,270 CpG sites in 256 wild baboons. We find highly heterogeneous relationships between the early life environment and DNA methylation in adulthood: aspects of the environment linked to resource limitation (e.g., low-quality habitat, early life drought) are associated with many more CpG sites than other types of environmental stressors (e.g., low maternal social status). Sites associated with early resource limitation are enriched in gene bodies and putative enhancers, suggesting they are functionally relevant. Indeed, by deploying a baboon-specific, massively parallel reporter assay, we show that a subset of windows containing these sites are capable of regulatory activity, and that, for 88% of early drought-associated sites in these regulatory windows, enhancer activity is DNA methylation-dependent. Together, our results support the idea that DNA methylation patterns contain a persistent signature of the early life environment. However, they also indicate that not all environmental exposures leave an equivalent mark and suggest that socioenvironmental variation at the time of sampling is more likely to be functionally important. Thus, multiple mechanisms must converge to explain early life effects on fitness-related traits. Significance statement The environment animals face when young can affect how they function throughout life. Long-lasting changes in DNA methylation—a chemical mark deposited on DNA that can affect gene activity—have been hypothesized to contribute to early life effects. But evidence for persistent, early environment-associated differences in DNA methylation is lacking in wild animals. Here, we show that early life adversity in wild baboons predicts DNA methylation levels in adulthood, especially for animals born in low resource environments and drought conditions. We also show that some of the changes we observe in DNA methylation have the capacity to influence gene activity levels. Together, our results support the idea that early experiences can become biologically embedded in the genomes of wild animals.


This paper discusses characteristics of spatial degrees of freedom for K-user symmetric MIMO interference channel. We assume that the interference channel is equipped with Mt antennas at each transmitter and Nr antennas at each receiver and there is no channel extension over time and frequency. Two outer bounds are obtained for total spatial degrees of freedom of the interference channel with no channel state information(CSI) and only local CSI available at the transmitters respectively.


Review(s) of: Current Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, edited by Jeffrey D Klausner and Edward W Hook III ,McGraw Hill Australia, Soft cover, 248 pages, A$85.00, ISBN: 9780071456067.


A life course approach was used to explore the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on risk of hospitalizations for all-cause and for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

 Longitudinal analyses on 19,999 subjects apparently free from CVD and cancer, recruited in the Moli-sani Study, Italy (2005-2010). Low and high SES in childhood, educational attainment (low/high) and SES during adulthood (measured by a score including material resources and dichotomized as low/high) defined the trajectories over life course. First hospital admissions were recorded by direct linkage with hospital discharge form registry. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated by multivariable Cox-regression.

 Over a median follow up of 7.3 y, we ascertained a total of 7,594 all-cause and 2,539 CVD hospitalizations. Poor childhood SES was associated with 11% and 17% increased risk of all-cause and CVD hospitalizations, respectively. Among subjects with poor childhood SES, an upward trajectory in education was associated with lower risk of hospital admission for all-cause (HR = 0.85; 95%CI 0.76-0.94) and CVD (HR = 0.78; 0.64-0.95), as opposed to subjects remained stably low (low education and adulthood SES). Individuals with high childhood SES, but not educational achievement, were at 26% increased risk of hospitalization for any cause, as compared to the stably high SES group, while failure to achieve both educational and material advancements was associated with 37% higher risk of CVD hospitalization.

 In a large sample of healthy adults, social mobility (educational and/or material upward trajectories) was associated with lower incidence of hospital admissions for all-cause and CVD.

 Social mobility may counterbalance the negative health burden associated with low early-life SES. High SES in childhood poorly affects hospitalization risk if no additional achievements across life course occur.


This article charts the trajectory of Putin's economic policy. All countries face the challenge of preserving national interests and identity while reaping the benefits of global economic integration. These pressures are particularly acute in the case of Russia, given its historical legacy as a global superpower. From the outset, Putin's pragmatic embrace of global integration and market incentives was in tension with his authoritarian centralization of power at home and hostility towards the West abroad. Up until 2008, Putin was able to keep these two conflicting worldviews, and rival policy teams, in balance. But after 2012, geopolitical confrontation won out over economic development, culminating in the reckless invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.


With ethyl alcohol and β-naphthol as raw materials,the method for catalytically synthesizing β-naphthyl ethyl ether with ferric chloride(FeCl3·6H2O)was introduced.The effects of reaction time,the catalyst consumption and the reaction molar ratio on the synthesis were discussed,and the optimum reaction conditions wer given.


1. The phosphonates are simple chemical compounds containing P-C-P bonds which are resistant to the action of naturally occurring phosphatases and pyrophosphatases. They inhibit the formation and dissolution of apatite crystals in vitro and prevent ectopic mineralisation and bone resorption in animals. 2. In man one diphosphonate (EHDP) has been shown to reduce the excessive turnover of bone in Paget9s disease and also appears to slow the mineralisation of ectopic bone matrix in myositis ossificans progressiva. 3. The possible uses of the diphosphonates in bone disorders with excessive resorption and in ectopic mineralisation are being further investigated.


ABSTRACT Experimental models recently suggested an interaction between aldosterone and adipose tissue, but clinical investigation has been limited. We studied the effects of eplerenone compared to hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) on blood pressure (BP), glucose, and lipid levels in 50 patients with essential hypertension (EHT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus whose BP failed to reach target levels with 8 mg of candesartan alone. BP improved similarly in both groups over the 12-month study period, but BMI, waist circumference, and LDL-cholesterol were decreased in the eplerenone group, while glycohemoglobin was elevated in the HCTZ group.


In the United Kingdom around half of all deaths between 1 month and 1 year of age are sudden—that is, cot death, the sudden infant death syndrome, or a similar description is recorded on the death certificate with or without any other cause. Epidemiological features suggest that infections, sleeping prone, exposure to cigarette smoke, and overheating of infants, particularly in the winter, may be associated with sudden infant deaths.1 2 A campaign launched in October 1991 in the United Kingdom encouraged parents to avoid putting infants to sleep on their fronts, smoking near them, and overheating them. A similar campaign in New Zealand was followed by a fall in sudden infant death …


Oxygen affinity studies in a splenectomized patient with sporadically occurring Hb K#{228}ln disease revealed high whole blood oxygen affinity (P50 02 17.6 mm Hg) with increased 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG), low ATP, and normal RBC pH. Isolated electrophoretically slow migrating Hb K#{228}In had a high oxygen affinity, decreased Hill's number, and normal DPG reactivity. Functional evidence for hybrid tetramers with normal mobility is presented. Partial deoxygenation may play a role in the denaturation of the Hb K#{228}lnmolecule and thus account for a higher oxygen affinity (tow P50 02), measured by the mixing technique, than the actual values for P50 that exist in vivo. Increased oxygen affinity and decreased P50 02 would result in increased erythropoiesis and account for a well-compensated hemolytic process in this patient with a normal red cell mass and normal values of hemoglobin.


One of us, sometimes (only half mischievously) tells first year students that while schoolteachers expect essays to begin with a definition, university tutors expect notes towards a definition at the end, (of the course if not the individual essay). Students nevertheless seek starting definitions in textbooks. Encyclopedias like this are useful, and not only for students, if they are used as substitutes for the latter. They must not however be taken too seriously. We would be alarmed if journalists or TV researchers accepted uncritically, for example, Robin Fox's idiosyncntk views on the future of Anthropology, or Arthur Kleimnan's parU pris attempt at a self-fulfilling prophecy about medical anthropology. Raymond Apthoipe's view that integration is a miasma to be avoided is a masterly example of the unity of medium and message, while Margaret Canovan constructs a precise artide starting with the assertion that populism is one of the least predse terms in social science. If students assume that the length of each entry reflects its importance, readers of the Review at least may be pleased to note that Sociology earns the longest discussion (neither Shils, who wrote if, nor his late coUaborator PUsoos, ever seemed to feel that conciseness was the key to oomprehension) but surprised at the lengthy treatment of energy, populatioo and mathematical models.


In the United States, all scientifically proven HIV treatments are patented, and pricing of these drugs is often set too high for developing countries to access them. Similar problems are expected to occur with medications for other diseases. As the public is becoming more aware of the issue, demonstrations are being held against Vice President Gore, who had a role in its development, and the issue is now being discussed by members of Congress and journalists worldwide. Two statements are presented that address the patent/access issue. The first is a compassionate plea to end the restricted access. The second is an open letter to Vice President Gore expressing opposition to trade pressures being brought against the South African people over their struggle to gain access to essential medicines.


The spontaneous emission characteristics of a dye-doped photonic crystal are studied over a large angular and spectral range to understand the anisotropic propagation of emitted light due to the pseudo-gap properties of the crystalline structure.


mentation. JAMA 2017; 318: 1545–7. 6. Memtsoudis SG, Poeran J, Kehlet H. Enhanced recovery after surgery in the United States: from evidence-based practice to uncertain science? JAMA 2019; 321: 1049–50. 7. Yoo JE, Oh DS. Potential benefits of acupuncture for enhanced recovery in gynaecological surgery. Forsch. Komplementmed. 2015; 22: 111–6. 8. Jayne D, Pigazzi A, Marshall H et al. Effect of robotic-assisted vs conventional laparoscopic surgery on risk of conversion to open laparotomy among patients undergoing resection for rectal cancer: the ROLARR randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2017; 318: 1569–80. 9. Koupparis A, Villeda-Sandoval C, Weale N, El-Mahdy M, Gillatt D, Rowe E. Robot-assisted radical cystectomy with intracorporeal urinary diversion: impact on an established enhanced recovery protocol. BJU Int. 2015; 116: 924–31. 10. Veziant J, Leonard D, Pereira B, Slim K, French Speaking Group for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (GRACE). How does the application of surgical components in enhanced recovery programs for colorectal surgery change over time? Surgeon 2018; 16: 321–4. 11. Pisarska M, Pędziwiatr M, Małczak P et al. Do we really need the full compliance with ERAS protocol in laparoscopic colorectal surgery? A prospective cohort study. Int. J. Surg. 2016; 36(Pt A): 377–82. 12. Simpson JC, Moonesinghe SR, Grocott MP et al. Enhanced recovery from surgery in the UK: an audit of the enhanced recovery partnership programme 2009–2012. Br. J. Anaesth. 2015; 115: 560–8.


Malathion, an organic phosphate insecticide, has become the agent most commonly used for suicides attempts in Guyana. The clinical characteristics of 264 cases are described. As with other types of organic phosphate poisoning, atropine is the mainstay of therapy after exposure to the toxin is terminated. The value of oximes in the treatment of malathion poisoning is not clear. The increase in malathion suicides is related to sociocultural factors.(Summary)


........................................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Materials and Methods ................................................................................................................... 14 RVMs ................................................................................................................... 14 Study Area ........................................................................................................... 18 Instrumentation: Remote Sensing Platform AggieAir ......................................... 19 Data Collection .................................................................................................... 23 Model Potential Inputs and Performance ............................................................. 24 Result and Discussion .................................................................................................................... 28 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 34 Acknowledgment ........................................................................................................................... 36 References ...................................................................................................................................... 36 CHAPTER 3: USE OF HIGH RESOLUTION MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY TO ESTIMATE PLANT NITROGEN IN OATS (AVENA SATIVA). ................................ 46 Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... 46 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 47......................................................................................................................................... 46 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 47 x Material and Methods .................................................................................................................... 51 Study Area ........................................................................................................... 51 Instrumentation: Remote Sensing Platform AggieAir ......................................... 52 AggieAir Data Processing ................................................................................... 53 Ground Data Acquisition ..................................................................................... 54 Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) ..................................................................... 54 Generating the Model Inputs and Targets ............................................................ 55 Model Configuration and Performance ............................................................... 57 Results and Discussion .................................................................................................................. 59 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 66 References ...................................................................................................................................... 67 CHAPTER 4: ASSESSMENT ON THE USE OF AGGIEAIR UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM REMOTE SENSING CAPABILITIES TO ESTIMATE CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AT HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION................................. 73 Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... 73 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 74 Data Collection .................................................................................................................................. Site Description.................................................................................................... 79 UAV Description ................................................................................................. 80 Sensors Description ............................................................................................. 82 Flight Details ....................................................................................................... 82 Processing Chain of AggieAir ....................................................................................................... 83 Mission Planning ................................................................................................. 83 Image Processing and Orthorectification ............................................................. 84 Radiometric Calibration ....................................................................................... 85 Thermal Calibration ............................................................................................. 86 Models: METRIC and METRIC High Resolution (METRIC-HR) ............................................... 87 METRIC .............................................................................................................. 88 METRIC-HR ....................................................................................................... 90 Albedo .................................................................................................................. 94 Results and Discussion .................................................................................................................. 96 Hot and Cold Pixel Selection ............................................................................... 96 METRIC Results.................................................................................................. 99 METRIC-HR Results ......................................................................................... 101 Comparison in Site S ......................................................................................... 104 Comparison in Site G ......................................................................................... 107 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 111 References .................................................................................................................................... 112......................................................................................................................................... 73 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 74 Data Collection .................................................................................................................................. Site Description.................................................................................................... 79 UAV Description ................................................................................................. 80 Sensors Description ............................................................................................. 82 Flight Details ....................................................................................................... 82 Processing Chain of AggieAir ....................................................................................................... 83 Mission Planning ................................................................................................. 83 Image Processing and Orthorectification ............................................................. 84 Radiometric Calibration ....................................................................................... 85 Thermal Calibration ............................................................................................. 86 Models: METRIC and METRIC High Resolution (METRIC-HR) ............................................... 87 METRIC .............................................................................................................. 88 METRIC-HR ....................................................................................................... 90 Albedo .................................................................................................................. 94 Results and Discussion .................................................................................................................. 96 Hot and Cold Pixel Selection ............................................................................... 96 METRIC Results.................................................................................................. 99 METRIC-HR Results ......................................................................................... 101 Comparison in Site S ......................................................................................... 104 Comparison in Site G ......................................................................................... 107 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 111 References .................................................................................................................................... 112 CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY.............................................................................................. 120 APPENDIX .....................................................................


An item analysis and normative study of the Wepman test was conducted with 204 6-yr.-old first graders selected to be representative of the population at large. Serious discrepancies with the published norms were found not only with the criterion for identifying a child having problems of auditory discrimination but with the utility of the validity checks of excessive error counts (X errors) and the missing of same-sound phonemes (Y errors). For these 204 children the mean error was 7.0 (SD = 3.5) which would identify 67% of these Ss as having auditory discrimination problems. Further, only one child would have been eliminated by the use of Y errors, and none of the six children who made excessive X errors missed two or more Y validity items. Those items which are "hard" for the first grader (sheaf-sheath, 76% miss) and which are "easy" (gum-dumb, ½% miss) are identified. Pearsonian correlations with other learning modalities, socio-economic level, and a measure of reading readiness are offered.


slave dwelling he can find. These three examples, along with other compelling examples, highlight a core element of Neiman's argument: Vergangenheitsaufarbeitung must come from the people who need to work off the past. Reckoning cannot be forced from the outside, as seen in the resistance to postwar Reconstruction and Allied denazification efforts. At the same time, Neiman makes it equally clear that "outsiders have something to teach us"—that is, Americans can learn from the experiences of Germany (374). This notion of learning from outsiders is not only core to Neiman's argument, but also stems from her own life, which is a crucial element of the book. She approaches her topic as an outsider. Born in the North, her family moved to the South when she was a child (and she briefly returned there to research this book). She is also an American Jew who lived has lived in Israel, but whose current home is Berlin. Overall, the book is a fascinating read. It is also difficult to categorize. Neiman is a philosopher; she does introduce ideas of many philosophers, and a key ideal of the Enlightenment was a guiding force for this book; she writes, "I stand by the Enlightenment. Doesn't that mean believing every single soul is redeemable, one way or another?" (246). Her book, however, is not solely a philosophical reflection. Similarly, she has interviewed many people in Germany and the United States and incorporated their reflections into her narrative, yet her book is not a journalistic investigation. Finally, although she does grapple with major historical subjects, her book is not really comparable to any documentbased history monograph on the Holocaust, American slavery, or civil rights. In addition, it lacks the kind of robust bibliography that is standard in historical scholarship. Still, anyone interested in memory studies or comparative inquiries would find this book useful, and any general reader would find Neiman's prose engaging and her argument worth pondering.


Red wine fermentations have long eluded accurate simulation because of their inhomogeneous nature. In this work, a three-dimensional, time-dependent, reactor engineering model for jacketed red wine fermentations was utilized to explore the effect of fermentor volume (500; 50,000; and 500,000 L), aspect ratio (height:diameter of 1:1 and 3:1), temperature set point (15, 25, and 35°C), and initial yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) concentration (100, 225, and 350 mg/L) on fermentation dynamics. The model simulated N-limited, ethanol-inhibited, and temperature-dependent Monod fermentation kinetics; mass transfer of sugar, yeast, N, and ethanol; evaporative, convective, and conductive heat transfer; and the motion of the bulk fluid beneath the cap. Fermentor surface area-to-volume ratio, temperature set point, and initial YAN were all found to significantly affect fermentation performance in simulated fermentations. Heat transfer by conduction into the cap was nondimensionalized and analyzed as well. Finally, the formation of temperature gradients in the cap between cap-management cycles was visualized from simulations using the model.


Professor Beranek talked about the sound qualities of concert hall. The 58 famous concert halls in the world were graded according to the subjective comparison from the professional musicians and music lovers. Six measurable objective parameters were proposed. The ranking according to these parameters were presented.


Immunological monitoring of transplant patients represents a new approach to clinical management of immunosuppressive therapy in which the drug dosage is individualized on the basis of the results of these in vitro assays. The assays utilize multiple controls and triplicate experimental measurements requiring handling of a large data base. To offset this problem, our laboratory has developed a computerized data calculation and storage system which utilizes an HP-3000-II series computer, BASIC language programming and a direct-interfacing punch tape reader from beta and gamma counters to calculate the killing of donor cells by recipient cell subpopulations. This technique has been shown to reduce data error, save technician time, reduce the time from blood drawing to the availability of test results and to achieve a marked saving in the cost of laboratory operations.


Transcription factors (TFs) interpret regulatory information encoded in genomes to direct gene expression, thereby influencing essentially every cellular process. Mutations in TFs or the DNA sequences recognized by TFs are often found in human diseases (Lee and Young, 2013; Maurano et al., 2012). Mapping the genome-wide distributions of TF recognition sites is thus of significant interest for understanding basic cellular processes as well as the potential bases of many diseases. The gold-standard method for surveying protein-genome interactions is chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), which has been combined with hybridization to tiled microarrays (ChIPchip) or high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) to give whole-genome pictures of protein binding. ChIP generally involves the treatment of cells with formaldehyde (X-ChIP), which covalently fixes protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. Cells are then disrupted and chromatin is solubilized via sonication. While X-ChIP-chip and X-ChIP-seq studies have yielded many important insights, there are limitations associated with these techniques. For example, formaldehyde crosslinking preferentially generates protein-protein crosslinks (O'Neill and Turner, 2003) and can lead to false-positive ChIP signals due to crosslinking to the transcription machinery at highly expressed loci (Teytelman et al., 2013). Native ChIP (N-ChIP), which does not use formaldehyde crosslinking, may offer solutions to some of these issues.


What is the relationship between the trend towards global history and the language-specific, localized historical expertise of so-called "area studies"? How do historians of non-European societies face the challenge of global history? What kind of research agenda does the desideratum of a "global" history translate into, especially beyond the staple tale of European expansion? These types of questions brought together renowned East Asia historians from Fudan University in Shanghai, the University of Tokyo, and Princeton University in a series of conferences that have culminated in the reviewed publication. The outcome of these three-way engagements, the edited volume is one of the – in total three – sister publications ambitiously produced in a parallel manner in Japanese, Chinese and English. Their respective titles and internal arrangement differ, but the contents are identical, apart from the framing introduction written by the editor of each version, as it is by Haneda Masashi in the case of the Japanese volume. Rather than collectively adding up to a roadmap for East Asia-based global historiography, however, the fifteen chapter-sized contributions represent the broadest variety of positions on the "global" question. Some of the authors offer general considerations on the feasibility of global history and its relation to other scales of the historian's enterprise (Ge Zhaoguang and Benjamin Elman); some seek to problematize "East Asia" as a spatial container and sketch a blueprint for a new global history productive of a sense of belonging to a global community (Haneda Masashi); some ruminate on the difficulty of practising intellectual history across multiple language archives (Federico Marcon); while others present examples of what global history applied to East Asian material might look like. These latter range from comparative literatures (Ōki Yasushi), through stories of institutional internationalization and establishment of global studies at Tokyo and Fudan universities (Satō Jin, Gu Yunshen), to case studies of text transmissions or news networks (Baba Norihisa, Paize Keulemans). A due nod is given to global history's fruitful relationship with the maritime history of seaborne traffic that integrated littoral spaces into supra-national circuits and created culturally and politically complex contact zones in port cities (Dong Shaoxin, Wang Zhenzhong). We find a fair share of histories of formative encounters, negotiations, clashes and cultural co-productions. Tineke D'Haeseleer explores how a world order is articulated by the compilers of Tang official historical records in their conceptualization of the neighbouring north-eastern polities of Koguryŏ and the Tungusic tribes of Mohe. Sheldon Garon's transnational history of East Asian thrift campaigns or Wang Xinlei's study of Chosŏn Korean state's difficulties with the Ming update of the Confucian canon both end up questioning any supposed cultural unity of East Asia as a sphere of "Confucian values".


The paper summarizes the generalities of Heilongjiang province small and medium- sized smart city construction,and builds the overall architecture that fits. The result of the research has practical significance,and serves for the framework design of small and medium- sized smart city construction in our country.


We derive a renormalization group formalism for the Randall-Sundrum scenario, where the renormalization scale is set by a floating compactification radius. While inspired by the AdS/CFT conjecture, our results are derived concretely within higher-dimensional effective field theory. Matching theories with different radii leads to running hidden brane couplings. The hidden brane Lagrangian consists of four-dimensional local operators constructed from the induced value of the bulk fields on the brane. We find hidden Lagrangians which are non-trivial fixed points of the RG flow. Calculations in RS1 can be greatly simplified by ``running down'' the effective theory to a small radius. We demonstrate these simplifications by studying the Goldberger-Wise stabilization mechanism. In this paper, we focus on the classical and tree-level quantum field theory of bulk scalar fields, which demonstrates the essential features of the RG in the simplest context.


Objective-To investigate whether soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) couldbea usefulmarkerof diseaseactivity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA);sIL-2Rlevels in serum and in synovial fluidwere determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Methods-Sixty fiveserum and 27 synovial fluid samples wereobtained from patients withRA.Twentyfiveserumand 28synovial fluidsamplesfrompatients withosteoarthritis (OA)wereusedas controls. Furthermore, 10synovial fluid samples fromhealthy volunteers werealso examined.Variablelaboratory and clinical datawerecomparedwithserum sIL-2Rlevels, in26patients withRA and serial samples fromsomepatients were examined.ations of sIL-2Rin


Objective To discuss the treatment options of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods Clinical data of 140 OSAHS children were analyzed retrospectively.Among them,bilateral tonsillectomy plus adenoidcetomy was performed in 90 cases,unilateral tonsillectomy plus adenoidcetomy in 10,only adenoidcetomy in 24,bilateral inferior turbinate and adenoid radio frequency coblation in 16.Results The symptoms were absent in 114 cases and impoved evidently in 20 with the total improvement rate of 95.7%.In 6 recurrent cases,3 were given unilateral tonsillectomy plus adenoidcetomy,3 were given traditional adenoidcetomy.In 3 to 6 months after surgery,PSG/PTT were performed in 68 cases.The results showed that the AHI,the percentage of hypoxaemia time during sleep,and the longest time of apnea were improved than those before operation.Conclusion Unilateral tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy can not enlarge the pharyngeal cavity sufficiently.Adenoidcetomy combined with bilateral tonsillectomy is the ideal choice for treating OSAHS in children.


We developed a novel control strategy of speed servo systems based on deep reinforcement learning. The control parameters of speed servo systems are difficult to regulate for practical applications, and problems of moment disturbance and inertia mutation occur during the operation process. A class of reinforcement learning agents for speed servo systems is designed based on the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm. The agents are trained by a significant number of system data. After learning completion, they can automatically adjust the control parameters of servo systems and compensate for current online. Consequently, a servo system can always maintain good control performance. Numerous experiments are conducted to verify the proposed control strategy. Results show that the proposed method can achieve proportional–integral–derivative automatic tuning and effectively overcome the effects of inertia mutation and torque disturbance.


This paper presents a dual control strategy with a probing signal for the minimum variance control problems with unknown parameters.The probing signal can be adjusted according to the variance change of the system to avoid the 'turn off' phenomenon which occurred with only caution control.Comparing with other sub-optimal dual controls,the dual control which introduces a probing signal can improve the dynamic properties and the parameters' tracking ability to meet the requirements of the control system.


The use of deep neural networks for artificial intelligence tasks is increasing day by day. However, incremental learning in such networks is a challenging task. This paper deals with learning new classes by using pre-trained model without scratch training. The famous VGGNET architecture is used for classification and can be viewed as cascaded structure of convolutional layers and a classifier. A hybrid VGGNET model containing offline and online trained network is introduced for incremental leaning. The offline trained network which plays an important role in feature extraction, is fixed with pre-trained conventional network. While the online trained network is adaptable and tuned to learn new classes. The key benefit of such learning is that without scratch training, a huge reduction in learning time and computations is achieved. The experimental results obtained on Caltech 101 dataset show that the performance of this hybrid model is comparable to end to end training.


The performance of deaf and hearing high school subjects was compared on several tasks designed to assess relevant cues in the decoding of words. Deaf subjects tended to use graphemic cues more tha...