Legal certainty and legitimacy of forest area can be gained through the gazettment process of forest area that starts from the designation, boundary demarcation, mapping, and ends up with the establishment. In Riau Province, these processes are stagnant, and, therefore, the legal certainty and legitimacy is difficult to achieve. What is really happenned is something that needs to be answered in this study. By using the analysis of strategy typology and descriptive qualitative analysis, this study has found that the gazettment issues of forest area consisted of three aspects, namely: designation, boundary demarcation and establishment. Social conflict has been accumulated along the gazettment process, so that the legal certainty did not lead to legitimacy. This problem happened due to: claims avoidance (PTB) to avoid failure in boundaries determination; policy narrative of the boundaries are not informed to community; inconsistency between the objective of boundary demarcation with the implementation; domination of all informed knowledge and information (BPKH); stages of gazettment were done just to fulfill administrative procedure; BPKH tasks issues; and state forest area regarded as the common pool resources (CPRs). This result proves that the improvement of government, policy in gazettment of forest area is seriously required.


This article describes a self-similarity solution of the Navier–Stokes equations for a laminar, incompressible, and time-dependent flow that develops within a channel possessing permeable, moving walls. The case considered here pertains to a channel that exhibits either injection or suction across two opposing porous walls while undergoing uniform expansion or contraction. Instances of direct application include the modeling of pulsating diaphragms, sweat cooling or heating, isotope separation, filtration, paper manufacturing, irrigation, and the grain regression during solid propellant combustion. To start, the stream function and the vorticity equation are used in concert to yield a partial differential equation that lends itself to a similarity transformation. Following this similarity transformation, the original problem is reduced to solving a fourth-order differential equation in one similarity variable η that combines both space and time dimensions. Since two of the four auxiliary conditions are of...


Sir Humphry Davy witnessed the first chlorine hydrate crystallizing in 1811. Couple of century later his discovery, natural gas hydrates has begun to play an important role in energy business. From being a mere chemical curiosity, they have proven to be a nuisance for the natural gas industry. The problem of hydrate induced blockage in "wet gas" flow systems has been widely reported and became a major flow assurance issue in the energy sector[1]. The importance of pipeline blockage increased in the 70's when plugging of even the largest diameter pipelines from offshore, arctic fields or the wells from high-pressure underground storage facilities were reported. Studies over the past two decades showed that large gas hydrate plugs form most often after shut-in pipelines or wells begin to flow[2]. When a pipeline is shut-in, the fluid separates into the gas water and hydrocarbons as the temperature decreases[3].


The Committee on Diversity in the College of Education of Columbus State University has been involved in several programs since 2004 to increase the diversity in the college, both with students and faculty/staff. This has been accomplished by involving the community in and around Columbus, Georgia. This article addresses the committee's work to adapt several strategies to develop a three-pronged approach: (1) acceptance of diversity within our ranks, (2) partnering with One Columbus, a community organization to promote diversity, racial harmony, and unity in Columbus, and (3) participation with CHISPA, a Hispanic organization intended to recruit and retain Hispanic students at CSU and to build community in the College of Education. Ideas for each of these are shared. The Committee on Diversity in the College of Education at Columbus State University has been involved in several programs since 2004 to increase the diversity in the college, both with students and faculty/staff. This has been accomplished by involving the community in and around Columbus, Georgia. According to a report done in US News and World Report (November 9, 2008), Columbus State University is ranked the 10 most diverse among 105 colleges and universities in the South. To identify colleges where students are most likely to encounter undergraduates from racial or ethnic groups that are different from their own, US News and World Report factored in the total proportion of minority students and the overall mix of groups. This report was taken from the 2006-2007 censuses. Goals of the Committee on Diversity are based on a major study that was done in the College of Education in 2003 by Dr. Murray Bradfield. Results of that study (Bradfield, 2004) revealed that there were some diverse students who felt isolated and felt a lack of association. In addition, that finding was coupled with a need to increase the graduation and diversity rates for teacher education students. As the need for a diverse body of teachers increased, it became apparent that a program to provide support to these diverse students was also essential. Project ACE (Avenue for a Culture of Excellence) grew out of the Bradfield study. Since some diverse students described feelings of isolation and a lack of association, this program grew out of that need. According to the ACT News (2007), "When the percentage of students going to RIPPLE & VILLAVICENCIO 23 college increases, it is likely that some of them will be less academically prepared and will struggle, especially if they are racially and/or culturally diverse" (p.1). Another body of research that serves as a basis for the committee's goals is from the Southwest Educational Development Laboratory (2008). That study concludes that there is a significant, positive relationship between family and community involvement and student achievement. According to Meg Parker and the Australian National Schools Network (2005), a study was done in the U.S. and Europe to investigate models of community-school partnerships, with the idea of bringing those recommendations to their school in Australia. They investigated the frameworks and elements of successful school and community partnerships and developed a common language in order to discuss and collaboratively build human capacity within their community. The idea of involving the community is utilized elsewhere. Established in 2006, The Office of University-Community Engagement at the University of California contributes to the Student Academic Preparation and Educational Partnerships' mission to raise student achievement, close achievement gaps, and increase collegegoing rates among low income and disadvantaged students. The University of California (2008) does this by supporting and promoting UC campus community collaborations dedicated to improving learning and achievement. The University's long standing academic preparation programs and emerging K-20 partnership efforts are to provide services to students, teachers, parents and school administrators. However, the diversity and enrollment at UC is unlikely to significantly change unless the university joins with community-based organizations with the same enthusiasm and consistency with which it has joined with schools. In such university-community collaborations, organizations are committed to planning and taking action to improve student achievement and close achievement gaps. The Committee on Diversity in the College of Education has adapted several of these strategies to develop a three-pronged approach: (1) acceptance of diversity within our ranks, (2) partnering with One Columbus, a community organization to promote diversity, racial harmony, and unity in Columbus, and (3) participation with CHISPA, a Hispanic organization intended to recruit and retain Hispanic students at CSU and to building community in the College of Education. A required course for all education majors is EDUC 2120 Exploring SocioCultural Contexts on Diversity in Educational Settings. In this course, students are exposed to the beliefs and family structures of a wide variety of ethnic and cultural groups that future teachers will face in their classrooms. It is very important that teachers relate well to students and their families in order to encourage and help to raise academic achievement of their students. According to a letter by Berkowitz in The New York Times (2008), the two greatest concerns of new teachers and the one area they feel least competent about are behavior management and being knowledgeable enough about the diversity of their students to relate adequately to those students and their families. To reach that goal, Project ACE, a "brainchild" of the Committee on Diversity, was established. Through Project ACE, a mentoring program has begun, and a group of speakers has been recruited from the wider community to speak to the classes on diversity. Included in the list of speakers is Ken Crooks, Executive Director of One Columbus; Cheryl Reneé, Morning anchor for the WTVM morning show; Rabbi Max Roth, Rabbi of Shearith Israel Synagogue;


356 measures of blood level of phenytoin were performed im61 patients, 10 cases with intractable epileptic seizures showed kinetics ofsaturable metabolism. The seizures of all thesc 10 patients were controlled when theblood level of Phenytoin was around 30μg/ml. The kinetics of saturable metaboli-sm and therapeutic effect of higher blood level were briefly discussed.


The purpose of this study is finding the effect of 12-week massage program on the mental stability and self-respect of middle-aged women with age 30 years old(massage group: n=12, control group: n=12) or elder and suffered family violence. The massage program went on for 12 weeks, once a week and 60 minutes for one time of massage. The massage program effect was as following. Regarding the change in mental stability, the massage group had significant change before and after receiving the massage program such as the anxiety scale decreased from 38±4.1 to 4.42±1.3, the trauma scale decreased from 37.1±4.4 to 4.3±1.6 and the depression scale decreased from 45.8±3.4 to 16.3±3.0. However, the control group did not have any significant change before and after the test. The self-respect scale of massage group also increased from 32.17±2.2 to 44.3±1.4 while the self-respect scale of control group did not have any significant change before and after the test. By above result, it has been found that the 12-week massage program on middle-aged women with age 30 years old or elder and suffered family violence is effective in improving mental stability (anxiety, trauma and depression) and recovering self-respect. Therefore, it is believed that proper practice of massage program on women who suffered family violence is required. It would be also required to develop a scientific and practical massage program for the mental stability improvement and self-respect recovery and distribute the program to women who are suffering the aftereffect of family violence.


We read the article of Kim et al entitled "Stenting from the Vertebral Artery to the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery" with special interest.[1][1] In their series, 2 patients had vertebral artery (VA) dissecting aneurysms involving the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) origin. The


In March 2011, the USNS Bridge was deployed off northeastern Honshu, Japan with the carrier USS Ronald Reagan to assist with relief efforts after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. During that time, the Bridge was exposed to air-borne radioactive materials leaking from the damaged Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant. The proximity of the Bridge to the air-borne impacted area resulted in the contamination of the ship's air-handling systems and the associated components, as well as potential contamination of other ship surfaces due to either direct intake/deposition or inadvertent spread from crew/operational activities. Preliminary surveys in the weeks after the event confirmed low-level contamination within the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) ductwork and systems, and engine and other auxiliary air intake systems. Some partial decontamination was performed at that time. In response to the airborne contamination event, Military Sealift Fleet Support Command (MSFSC) contracted Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), under provisions of the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) contract, to assess the radiological condition of the Bridge. Phase I identified contamination within the CPS filters, ventilation systems, miscellaneous equipment, and other suspect locations that could not accessed at that time (ORAU 2011b). Because the Bridge wasmore » underway during the characterization, all the potentially impacted systems/spaces could not be investigated. As a result, MSFSC contracted with ORAU to perform Phase II of the characterization, specifically to survey systems/spaces previously inaccessible. During Phase II of the characterization, the ship was in port to perform routine maintenance operations, allowing access to the previously inaccessible systems/spaces.« less


The inhabitants of the cities and islands of the Dalmatian coast were the successors of the citizens and subjects of the Roman Empire and later the Republic of Venice, who spoke Italian. After these regions were transferred to Austro-Hungarian possession, the number of southern Slavs, particularly Croats started to rapidly grow on the coast of Dalmatia. The increase in the influence of the Slavs was also supported by the Austro-Hungarian government, seeing them as a counterweight to a strengthening Italy.Conflicts between Italians and Slavs became more frequent. After the end of WWI and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the coast of Dalmatia was transferred into the occupation of Italian forces. However, Italy was struggling with internal conflicts and economic difficulties and did not have the strength to merge these areas. In addition, the majority of the Triple Entente countries supported the creation of a strong Yugoslavia (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes). In November 1920, an agreementwas concluded between Italy and Yugoslavia, under which only the city of Zara and its surroundings and the island of Lagosta were left to Italy. Fiume was given the status of a free state and was joined with Italy in 1924. The Italian units and institutions and many Italians were evacuated from Dalmatia by the end of 1921. Keywords World War I, Italian front, Paris Peace Conference, Italian internalpolitics 1918–1922, Gabriele d'Annunzio, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia), Italian Navy


Drosophila is host to the steroid hormone ecdysone, which regulates development and immune functions using a common group of transcription factors. Developmentally-induced ecdysone pulses activate the expression of the EcR, BR-C, HR46, Eip74EF, Eip75B, Eip78C, and Eip93F, which assume control of hundreds of other genes involved in the transition from larva to pupa stage. Many of the transcription factors are related to mammalian nuclear hormone receptors by homology. In addition to these transcription factors, the ecdysoneregulated GATA factors SRP and PNR are required for the proper expression of the peptidoglycan sensor PGRP-LC, which belongs to a conserved class of proteins in innate immunity. Although the transcriptional network has been elucidated in development, it is unclear why ecdysone control of PGRP-LC gene activity involves these nine transcription factors and how ecdysone is regulated in the context of an infection in vivo. An ecdysone-activated enhancer was located upstream of the PGRP-LC locus using a reporter plasmid. Female flies that lacked the enhancer had reduced PGRP-LC expression, but survived infection. Male flies did not experience these changes. Therefore, PGRP-LC enhancer appears to be a female-specific cis-regulatory element. The lack of survival phenotype could be caused by using an improper injection site. Bioinformatics software was used to identify putative individual and overlapping binding sites for some transcription v


In this study, simulated oil displacement tests were performed to investigate the effects of addition of readily available nitrogen and carbon nutrients on indigenous bacterial growth and crude oil displacement.


The research analyzed lexical aspects which have correlation among the elements in cohesion discourse systematically in the texts of Melayu Deli Folklores. Its objective was to identify and to describe the type of lexical cohesion devices in the texts of the tales, "Hikayat Putri Hijau", "Dongeng Batu Belah Batu Betangkup" and "Panglima Nayan". The analysis was focused on the types of lexical cohesion such as repetition, synonym, antonym, collocation, meronym, and hyponym. The background of the research was LSF (Systemic Functional Linguistics) with the study on the theory of cohesion discourse which states that social context can interpret language structure. The research used library research, descriptive qualitative approach, and primary and secondary data. The result of the research showed that there were the aspects of lexical cohesion such as repetition, synonym, antonym, collocation, meronym, and hyponym, and the most dominant aspect.


Consider a random $n\times m$ matrix $A$ over the finite field of order $q$ where every column has precisely $k$ nonzero elements, and let $M[A]$ be the matroid represented by $A$. In the case that q=2, Cooper, Frieze and Pegden (RS\&A 2019) proved that given a fixed binary matroid $N$, if $k\ge k_N$ and $m/n\ge d_N$ where $k_N$ and $d_N$ are sufficiently large constants depending on N, then a.a.s. $M[A]$ contains $N$ as a minor. We improve their result by determining the sharp threshold (of $m/n$) for the appearance of a fixed matroid $N$ as a minor of $M[A]$, for every $k\ge 3$, and every finite field.


ABSTRACT Three new imidazole-based dicarboxylate metal compounds, {Ni(HMIDC)(bpp)}n (1), {[Ni4(HEIDC)4(H2O)8]·H2O}n (2), and {Co3(EIDC)2(py)2(H2O)2}n (3) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (H3MIDC = 2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid; H3EIDC = 2-ethyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid; bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)-propane; py = pyridine). Compounds 1–3 show rich structural chemistry ranging from zero-dimensional, one-dimensional to two-dimensional structures. The Ni(II) centers were connected into a 1D chain in compound 1. Compound 2 is a tetranuclear Ni(II) cluster. In compound 3, MIDC3− coordinates to metal centers to form a 2D honeycomb-like layer. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate antiferromagnetic interactions between cobalt centers in compound 3.


Results are reported from an investigation of the effects of cobalt-60 gamma rays on selected life stages of the calanoid copepod Diaptomus clavipes Schacht following acute doses of ionizing radiation ranging from 0 to 100 krad.


Objective This case-control study aimed to explore the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on the mental well-being of pediatric psychiatric outpatients and their families, comparing them with children/adolescents and their parents from the general population. Method The case group consisted of 168 subjects: 56 patients (6-18 years old) with psychiatric disorders, and their 112 parents. The healthy control group included 189 subjects: 63 children and adolescents with no psychopathologies, and their 126 parents. Both groups were assessed during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy (T0) and 4 months later (T1), by administering the CBCL6-18 and DASS-21. Results Patients showed a good adaptation to the pandemic situation, while the children/adolescents in the healthy sample showed a greater variation in their general habits and a higher prevalence of stress symptoms during the lockdown. The patients' parents likewise had fewer stress-related symptoms than caregivers in the healthy control group, both during the lockdown and 4 months later. At T0, patients' mothers reported higher anxiety levels than mothers in the healthy group, while at T1 fathers of healthy children scored higher on the DASS-21 anxiety and stress scales than patients' fathers. As concerns changes over time (T0-T1) in the parents' psychological well-being, a general improvement was detected in both groups. Conclusions The pandemic and quarantine measures were confirmed as significant stressors for all children and adolescents, and negatively affected their parents' adaptation. The findings of this study point to the need for preventive interventions to support the mental health of all parents and their children in uncertain and stressful times.


Motivation: Metagenomic sequencing techniques enable quantitative analyses of the microbiome. However, combining the microbial data from these experiments is challenging due to the variations between experiments. The existing methods for correcting batch effects do not consider the interactions between variables—microbial taxa in microbial studies—and the overdispersion of the microbiome data. Therefore, they are not applicable to microbiome data. Results: We develop a new method, Bayesian Dirichlet‐multinomial regression meta‐analysis (BDMMA), to simultaneously model the batch effects and detect the microbial taxa associated with phenotypes. BDMMA automatically models the dependence among microbial taxa and is robust to the high dimensionality of the microbiome and their association sparsity. Simulation studies and real data analysis show that BDMMA can successfully adjust batch effects and substantially reduce false discoveries in microbial meta‐analyses. Availability and implementation: An R package" BDMMA" for Windows and Linux is available at https://github.com/DAIZHENWEI/BDMMA/BDMMA, and a version for MacOS is provided at https://github.com/DAIZHENWEI/BDMMA/BDMMA_MacOS. Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.


We demonstrate the light trapping effect in amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layer by inserting a layer of periodic molybdenum disc array (MDA) between the a-Si:H layer and the quartz substrate, which forms a three-layer structure of Si/MDA/SiO2. The MDA layer was fabricated by a new cost-effective method based on nano-imprint technology. Further light absorption enhancement was realized through altering the topography of MDA by annealing it at 700°C. The mechanism of light absorption enhancement in a-Si:H interfaced with MDA was analyzed, and the electric field distribution and light absorption curve of the different layers in the Si/MDA structure under light illumination of different wavelengths were simulated by employing numerical finite difference time domain (FDTD) solutions.


Simple Summary Acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) is a malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands. The assessment of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the evaluation of the expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1 (PD-L1) can provide prognostic information and may be valuable in predicting response to immuno-oncological treatments. The aim of our retrospective study was to measure the number of TILs and PD-L1 expression in 36 AciCCs and to analyze their prognostic impact based on the correlation with clinico-pathological features. Increased numbers of TILs and a higher expression of PD-L1 were associated with tumour high-grade transformation and the presence of lymph node metastasis. Moreover, higher expression of PD-L1 correlated with a shorter period of metastasis-free survival. As a result, the correlation between TILs, PD-L1 expression, high-grade transformation and lymph node metastasis indicates a relevant interaction between tumour cells and immune cell infiltration and might constitute the basis for innovative immunological therapy attempts. Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the number of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the expression of Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Acinic Cell Carcinoma (AciCC) of the salivary glands, to enable a correlation with clinico-pathological features and to analyse their prognostic impact. Methods: This single centre retrospective study represents a cohort of 36 primary AciCCs with long-term clinical follow-up. Immunohistochemically defined immune cell subtypes, i.e., those expressing T-cell markers (CD3, CD4 and CD8) or a B-cell marker (CD20) were characterized on tumour tissue sections. The number of TILs was quantitatively evaluated using software for digital bioimage analysis (QuPath). PD-L1 expression on the tumour cells and on immune cells was assessed immunohistochemically employing established scoring criteria: tumour proportion score (TPS), Ventana immune cell score (IC-Score) and combined positive score (CPS). Results: Higher numbers of tumour-infiltrating T- and B-lymphocytes were significantly associated with high-grade transformation. Furthermore, higher counts of T-lymphocytes correlated with node-positive disease. There was a significant correlation between higher levels of PD-L1 expression and lymph node metastases as well as the occurrence of high-grade transformation. Moreover, PD-L1 CPS was associated with poor prognosis regarding metastasis-free survival (p = 0.049). Conclusions: The current study is the first to demonstrate an association between PD-L1 expression and lymph node metastases as well as grading in AciCCs. In conclusion, increased immune cell infiltration of T and B cells as well as higher levels of PD-L1 expression in AciCC in association with high-grade transformation, lymph node metastasis and unfavourable prognosis suggests a relevant interaction between tumour cells and immune cell infiltrates in a subset of AciCCs, and might represent a rationale for immune checkpoint inhibition.


There exist countable groups G with ergodic invariant random subgroups ν such that ν( {H ∈ SubG | H ∼= K } ) = 0 for every subgroup K 6 G. 1. Properly ergodic invariant random subgroups Let G be a countable discrete group and let SubG be the compact space of subgroups H 6 G. Then a Borel probability measure ν on SubG which is invariant under the conjugation action ofG on SubG is called an invariant random subgroup or IRS. If ν is an ergodic IRS of a countable group G, then we obtain a corresponding zero-one law on SubG for the class of group-theoretic properties Φ such that the set {H ∈ SubG | H has property Φ } is ν-measurable. These include those properties that can be expressed using the infinitary language Lω1,ω and thus ν concentrates on a collection of subgroups which are quite difficult to distinguish between. In fact, it seems that all of the examples in the literature have the property that ν concentrates on the subgroups of G of a fixed isomorphism type. For example, the results of Vershik[7], Thomas and Tucker-Drob [6], and Bowen, Grigorchuk and Kravchenko [1] imply that if G is either the group Fin(N) of finitary permutations of N, a diagonal limit of finite alternating groups, or a lamplighter group and ν is an ergodic IRS of G, then there exists a subgroup Kν 6 G such that ν( {H ∈ SubG | H ∼= Kν } ) = 1. Definition 1.1. An ergodic IRS ν of a countable group G is said to be properly ergodic if ν( {H ∈ SubG | H ∼= K } ) = 0 for every subgroup K 6 G. Theorem 1.2. There exist countable groups with properly ergodic IRSs. 1There is a slight inaccuracy in Vershik's classification [7] of the ergodic IRSs of Fin(N). A corrected statement can be found in Thomas [5]. 1


Coast Province is the third area of population concentration in Kenya with more than 1.8 million people at the time of the census in 1989. The region is economically underdeveloped relative to central and western Kenya. In response to a great demand for land, the government of Kenya has since 1963 parcelled out tracts of land in Coast Province among smallholder tenants. This paper reviews the settlement of land in the province during 1960-70 and the effects upon later household income, food production, and nutrition. Findings are based upon information gathered from 300 tenant households surveyed between August 1985 and September 1986 in the Ukunda, Mtwapa, and Roka-East schemes respectively established in 1962, 1968, and 1969, and 150 households in rural comparison locations visited during the same period. In all aspects studied, including living conditions, household resources and income, food self-sufficiency and consumption, and nutritional status of children, the settlement tenants were better off than the rural population. Further analysis determined that the relatively better nutritional status of tenant households is only partly due to increases in food production and agricultural income. Income from employment was also higher than that of the rural comparison population. Households with large farms generally realized larger incomes, but they also had much larger families and food consumption, and the nutritional status of young children was lower among those households.


The purpose of the paper is to research on internal marketing practices of travel agency in the southern region of India oriented towards their employees as internal customers of the business. This article also establishes the current level of Internal marketing practices that the management of the travel agency follows in the southern region applies. A survey was conducted 57 employees working in different travel agency were surveyed in the structured questionnaire. The questionnaire is designed by the researcher a five point Likert scale (strongly agree-5 to strongly disagree-1) to identify the internal marketing practices. This paper is to ascertain of long-term relationship between travel management and employees as internal customers. The study we, therefore, used Cronbach's alpha scale as a measure of reliability. Sophisticated statistical tool for 'Exploratory Factor Analysis has been used. The results show that internal marketing practices of six constructs group are extracted from the analysis that together accounted higher percentage of the total variance are identified. This paper majorly contributes to the understanding of what internal marketing practices are considered as important by the internal customers.


In this paper, new methods have been overviewed for preparation of ultrafine spinel ferrite powders in recent years, including mechano-chemical synthesis, hydrothermal method, low-temperature combustion synthesis, sol-gel method, supercritical fluid drying and microemulsion mediated process et al. The advantage, disadvantage and tendency of development of the techniques for manufacturing ultrafine powders are also pointed out in this paper.


In an effort to obtain active analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents, alkylation of cycloheptimidazolone and cyclohepta[b]pyrrolone was carried out. Benzylation of 4-and 6-hydroxycycloheptimidazol-2(1H)-one afforded 1-benzyl and 1, 3-dibenzyl derivatives. Benzylation of cyclohepta[b]pyrrol-2(1H)-one afforded 1-and 3-benzyl derivatives. Benzylation of cyclohepta[b]pyrrole-2, 8(1H, 3H)-dione which is considered to be present in many tautomers afforded 3-benzyl, 3, 3-and 1, 3-dibenzyl, 1, 3, 3-tribenzyl and 1, 3-dibenzyl-8-benzyloxy derivatives. By the alkylation of cycloheptimidazol-2(1H)-one and 3-substituted cyclohepta[b]pyrrol-8(1H)-one, a number of 1-alkyl derivatives were prepared. Among these products, 1-benzylcycloheptimidazol-2(1H)-one has been found to be the most active analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent.


The evaporation of NaI(s) has been investigated by high temperature mass spectrometry and mass-loss Knudsen effusion experiments with a micro recording vacuum balance. The gaseous phase in equilibrium with NaI(s) consists of NaI(g), (NaI)2(g), and (NaI)3(g). Partial pressures given by the equations

log(pPa) = –(9.479±0.13) 103/T + 11.49±0.17 for (NaI)(g),

log(pPa) = –(10.953±0.06) 103/T + 12.72±0.06 for (NaI)2(g), and

log(pPa) = –(13.543±0.11) 103/T + 13.58±0.15 for (NaI)3(g)

were determined in the temperature range of the measurements 674 to 843 K. Sublimation enthalpies were obtained in kJ mol−1 for the reactions

i NaI(s) ⇄ (NaI)i(g) (i = 1,2,3) (1)

as ΔH00 = 196.3±4.4 (i = 1), ΔH00 = 226.8±1.3 (i = 2), and ΔH00 = 284.8±6.6 (i = 3). The enthalpy changes of the dimerization and trimerization reactions

i NaI(g) ⇄ (NaI)i(g) (i = 2,3) (2)

are ΔH00 = –165.8±8.9 (i = 2) and ΔH00 = –304.1±14.8 kJ mol−1 (i = 3). The given enthalpy values are averages of the values determined with the second and third law method for each of the reactions Eqs. (1) and (2). Molecular parameters were estimated for (NaI)3(g) and enthalpy increments as well as Gibbs energy functions computed with these data are given. The enthalpy change of the trimerization reaction, Eq. (2) (i = 3), was predicted with Pauling's model for alkali halides as ΔH00 = –293.4 kJ mol−1 which agrees well with our experimental value. Entropies of sublimation to monomer, dimer, and trimer as well as dimerization and trimerization entropies were obtained at 750 K as 130.1, 148.0, 173.9, –112.2, and –216.4 J mol−1 K−1, respectively. Appearance potentials of 8.7±0.1 (Na+), 14.4±0.2 (I+), 8.2±0.1 (NaI+), 8.6±0.1 (Na2I+), 7.5±0.1 (Na2I2+), 8.3±0.1 (Na3I2+), and 8.4±0.1 (Na3I3+) were determined in V for the ions given in parentheses. The data obtained are discussed in the context of literature data.


The invention in a simple circuit configuration will be a challenge to enable applying a portion (負) voltage to the driving transistor. The electro-optical device (1) is provided with a plurality of scan lines The pixel circuit 400 is provided corresponding to each intersection of the (101) and the data line 103. The And a pixel circuit 400 in each of the OLED element 430 and a drive consisting of an amorphous silicon transistor transistor 410 and one end (一端) The capacitor element 420 is connected to the gate electrode of the driving transistor 410, driving and, a capacitor with a transistor 412 which is inserted between the transistor 411 is inserted between the gate electrode and the source electrode of the transistor 410, the other end (他 端) of the capacitor device 420 and the data line 103 the other end of the element 420, capacitive element 420 from the looking state the potential difference at both ends, via the in a state where one end of the by-off (off) transistor 411, a capacitor device 420 in a floating, transistor 412 of the to thereby drop the voltage to be applied. The electro-optical device, a driving transistor, OLED devices


The technology of phytoremediation is cost effective and ecologically friendly in which plant utilizes its natural abilities to restore environment. In nature there are a number of plants existing with innate mechanisms for removing heavy metals from soil, air and water as a survival strategy. Among several subsets of phytoremediation, the widely studied strategies are (a) phytoextraction (b) phytofiltration (c) phytovolatilization and (d) phytostabilization. Application of organic / inorganic chelants in soil directly affects the solubility of heavy metals and consequently increases their accumulation in plants that enhances phytoextraction. In the present review current knowledge about the phytoremediation and its techniques are discussed.


7507Background: Somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) are common and clinically important genomic events in lymphomas. For example, MYC and BCL2 amplifications are associated with adverse outcome...


We define a standard of effectiveness for a database calculus relative to a query language. Effectiveness judges suitability to serve as a processing framework for the query language, and comprises aspects of coverage, manipulability and efficient evaluation. We present the monoid calculus, and argue its effectiveness for object-oriented query languages, exemplified by OQL of ODMG-93. The monoid calculus readily captures such features as multiple collection types, aggregations, arbitrary composition of type constructors and nested query expressions. We also show how to extend the monoid calculus to deal with vectors and arrays in more expressive ways than current query languages do, and illustrate how it can handle identity and updates.


The operative treatment of 46 children has shown that favorable long-term results were obtained due to early detection and radical treatment of the defect. The pathological changes of the esophagus and stomach mucosa gradually disappeared.


Abstract We continue the investigation of the isomorphism problem for multiplier algebras of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces with the complete Nevanlinna-Pick property. In contrast to previous work in this area, we do not study these spaces by identifying them with the restrictions of a universal space, namely the Drury-Arveson space. Instead, we work directly with the Hilbert spaces and their reproducing kernels. In particular, we show that two multiplier algebras of Nevanlinna-Pick spaces on the same set are equal if and only if the Hilbert spaces are equal. Most of the article is devoted to the study of a special class of complete Nevanlinna-Pick spaces on homogeneous varieties. We provide a complete answer to the question of when two multiplier algebras of spaces of this type are algebraically or isometrically isomorphic.This generalizes results of Davidson, Ramsey,Shalit, and the author.


A variety of weakly 8-haemolytic intestinal spirochaetes (WBIIlS) colonise the large intestine of humans and animals. Their potential role as disease-causing organisms is uncertain. In both pigs and humans, however, a group of WBIIlS has been associated with intestinal spirochaetosis (IS), a condition characterised by diarrhoea and the end-on attachment of spirochaetes to the colonic epithelium. The major aims of this thesis were to characterise this group of WBIIlS and determine their disease associations in various host species.

Phenotypic and genetic comparison with other spirochaetes in the genus Serpulina showed that the WBHIS associated with IS belonged to a new species, Serpulina pilosicoli sp. nov. Identifying pbenotypic characteristics of S. pilosicoli included their ultrastructural appearance, hydrolysis of hippurate, lack of 8-glucosidase activity and metabolism of D-ribose.

Serpulina pilosicoli strains isolated from pigs and humans colonised and induced diarrhoea, weight loss and attachment in orally-inoculated day-old SPF chicks. Variation in the degree of pathogen ic change was observed amongst the four human strains and two porcine strains tested. The non-pathogenic WBIIlS species Serpulina innocens, Serpulina murdochii and Brachyspira aalborgi failed to colonise the chicks. Both porcine and human S. pilosicoli strains also induced diarrhoea and colitis with crypt abscessation, attachment and local invasion in orally inoculated newly-weaned pigs.

Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) was used to identify strains of S. pilosicoli from the faeces of dogs and birds. All human intestinal spirochaetes tested, including seven isolates from the blood of debilitated patients, were confirmed as S. pilosicoli. The population structure of S. pilosicoli was shown to be panmictic, in contrast to the epidemic population structure of Serpulina hyodysenteriae (the agent of swine dysentery). This suggests that recombination is important in the generation of genetic variation in the genus Serpulina.

Villagers in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea had a high rate of colonisation with S. pilosicoli (22.8%) compared with those living in an urban environment (9.5%) and non-indigenous humans (0%). Only village dogs (5.3%) represented a significant risk of zoonotic transmission with some strains having the same MLEE and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern as several human strains. The annual incidence of human infection was calculated as 93.6%, with an average duration of 117 days. S. pilosicoli may be an important, newly-recognised pathogen of both animals and humans.


Erik Mueggler, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.Reviewer: Arafaat A. ValianiColumbia UniversityWith close attention paid to the contours of healing and violence, Erik Mueggler's textured ethnography of the struggles and memories of Zhizuo makes a timely appearance. This book sheds light upon the forms and substance of memory, violence and healing. The violence that Mueggler's ethnography discusses pertains to those experiences which members of Zhizuo (or Lipo) underwent; they are a "minority" community residing in Yongren, southwest China. Mueggler's analysis begins roughly at the end of the 1960s and concludes with the 1990s. The experiences of Zhizuoens began with the political interventions of the Chinese state and included the imposition of the policies associated with Liberation, land reform, collectivization, The Great Leap Forward, The Cultural Revolution, the revival of household cultivation, market reforms and family planning campaigns. The violence of these policies involved famine and death experienced by the community during The Great Leap Forward, and the revenge killings occurring after Liberation. More generally, these changes brought about the regimented ordering of time and space, both in practice and in the collective imagination, as imposed on Zhizuo by a weak socialist state.The author seeks to trace the manners in which the people of Zhizuo carve out a "habitable" place and a historical vision for themselves, at a time when the regimentation of space and "the ordering of time" was the principle prerogative of the state (p. 4). The substance of such views of a Zhizuoen past and place involves countering an ineffective state which assumed a magical character due to its disorganization and its tendency to impose only an illusory vision of itself on its subjects and spaces. It is the community's "practices and poetics" which challenge the state's illusions. Treating afflictions, performing rituals of fertility, and removing non-human entities from bodies and houses are the practices employed by Zhizuoens to escape "the grasp" of the state (p. 5). The author is careful to note that the state is not external to daily life but it is: a constitutive force at the heart of the social world. To envision it is to pose and answer questions about the social world, about relations to this world and the objects of which are is its substance, and about social needs and social desires. (p. 5)Stories, and songs too, dot the landscape of Zhizuoen resistance. The official history of policies is employed by the author as devices that translate the community's narratives. These narratives are "an oppositional practice of time" which are meant to undermine the "the temporality of official history" (p. 7); they are not mere stories, they are a means of living. Also, stories included reinterpreting the causality for collective loss which the state rarely admitted or simply shunned. In short, the re-telling of shards from the past is a means for this community to question the politics and state violence of the present and recent past. The stories manifest themselves in concrete practices which help Zhizuoens to find the means to survive and understand their past and future. They also permit them to "articulate longings for reconciliation" (p. 9).In one particular set of narratives, Mueggler recounts the tale of the ts'ici. Officially, it was remembered as an institution which circulated among the prominent houses of the Zhizuoen community. It took responsibility for the community's political and ritual duties. This included hosting outsiders, arbitrating disputes, and the like. The tale of the ts'ici tells of its decay, death and rebirth in a ghostly and adulterated form under the socialist state. Originally, the houses which took on the responsibilities of the ts'ici were supposed to descend from a single ancestor and bind the community "in a circle of affinal relations" (p. …


Using computed tomography, Ventricular Brain Ratio (VBR) was assessed in a sample of 42 depressive patients, 36 schizophrenic patients and 37 controls. The values of affective patients laid between, but did not differ significantly from those of schizophrenic patients on the one hand and controls on the other. The schizophrenic patients showed VBR increase when compared to controls. Possible implications of VBR measurement, in patients with affective illness are discussed.


An experimental study of the instability of a flow in an axially rotating pipe is performed by means of LDV and flow visualization technique. It is found that the velocity of the rotating pipe flow fluctuates like a sine wave at first, then its fluctuating pattern becomes somewhat sawtooth wave form as the spiral wave appears. At the downstream section, another fluctuating component appears in the velocity, which interferes with the first appeared component, then the fluctuation becomes the one which has broad band spectral components. There is a close analogy between this spectral evolution and that of a Taylor-Couette flow. Deformation of the velocity distribution is obtained from the velocity fluctuating pattern and its phase, and the structure of the spiral wave is considered. The strength and the azimuthal wavenumber and the angular velocity of the spiral wave obtained from the velocity data is confirmed by the flow visualization. Flow visualization also shows that the axial wavelength of the spiral wave becomes large with an increase of the swirl ratio, but its length changes with time at very high swirl ratio.


Objective To compare the content of Baicalin from which was produced at Hebei Provincial GAP planting area of Scutellaria baicalensis( Longhua country) at different collecting time. Methods Diosgenin was separated on a Agilont Zorbax SB- C18( 4. 6 mm ×250 mm,5 μm) column and detected at 280nm at the flow rate of 0. 8 ml·min- 1using a mixture of methanol- H2O- formic acid( 53: 47: 0. 1). The column temperature was set at room temperature and injection volume was 10μl. Results The standard curve was linear in the range of 0. 24 ~ 0. 72 μg with correlation coefficient 0. 9999. The average recovery of baicalin was 98. 14% with RSD 2. 0%( n = 6). The total content of baicalin from Scutellaria baicalensis roots of Chengde from June to October decreased continuously,and the maxium value was June 10,2012,up to 21. 25%,the content of baicalin would become high in the tenth day of each month. Conclusion The method was simple,stable and reliable,reproducible,there were differences in the contents of baicalin and changed regularly.


In speeches from all stages of his career, Cicero chooses to characterize his chief adversaries by identifying them with beasts or inhuman monsters. While scholars have discussed this technique in connection with individual speeches or series of speeches, they have not examined its significance as a persuasive motif in the Ciceronian corpus, nor its close connection with Cicero's philosophical beUefs.1 This paper attempts to illustrate that, for Cicero, the association of enemies with beasts is much more than a stock rhetorical device; it is, radier, fundamental to his Une of argumentation. In the pubUshed version of his most important case during his rise to the consulship, Cicero portrays Verres, the corrupt governor of Sicily, as an importunum animal (In Verrem 2.1.42), a portentum (In Verrem 2.1.40), a novum monstrum (In Verrem 2.5.145; cf. 2.2.79, 2.4.47), more dangerous than Scylla or Charybdis, a second Cyclops (In Verrem 2.5.146), a fera atque immanis belua (In Verrem 2.5.109). Punning on Verres' name, the corrupt governor becomes an


The introduction of metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes in industrial sectors, such as the aerospace, automotive, defense, jewelry, medical and tool-making fields, has led to a significant reduction in waste material and in the lead times of the components, innovative designs with higher strength, lower weight and fewer potential failure points from joining features [...]


The dangerous and harmful factors of machinery manufacturing mainly include human unsafe behavior and consciousness factors, unsafe state factors of equipment and adverse environmental factors. The characteristics and classification of abnormal behavior are analyzed, the detection methods of operators' abnormal running behavior are compared, and the discrimination basis of operators' abnormal running behavior is analyzed. The wearable inertial sensor is studied. The acceleration sensor is used to measure the acceleration of the measured object, and the gyroscope sensor can measure the angle of the human body relative to the ground. MPU9250 is selected as the measurement tool of acceleration and angle to identify the abnormal behavior of the human body, and cooperate with the single chip microcomputer, It is conducive to the detection and early warning of abnormal behavior of mechanical operators.


Vibriosis disease caused by the Vibrio sp. bacteria is one of the problems faced by shrimp farmers, namely the decreased survival rate during the larval period. This study aimed to determine the effect of the ethanol extracts of katuk leaves (Sauropus androgynous) as an antibacterial material on the survival rate and growth performance of vannamei shrimp larvae (Litopenaeus vannamei). This research was conducted at PT. Bibit Unggul Global Gen, Pantai Cermin, Serdang Bedagai North Sumatra, March - April 2019. The extraction evaporation process is carried out at the Unsyiah Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Chemistry Laboratory. Data were analyzed using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 5 treatment levels and 4 replications. The concentration treatment were is: 0 ppm, 600 ppm, 800 ppm, 1000 ppm and 1200 ppm. The sample used was vannamei shrimp larvae which had been infected with vibrio bacteria, then submerged with katuk leaf extract for 8 minutes. The parameters measured in this study were survival rate (SR%), absolute weight growth (g) and absolute length growth (mm), Total Vibrio Count (TVC Cfu/ml) and water quality. The ANOVA test results obtained that the katuk leaf extract (Sauropus androgynous) had a significant effect on survival (SR) and Total Vibrio Count (TVC) in vannamei shrimp larvae (P<0.05) and had no an significant effect on absolute weight growth and absolute length growth (P>0.05). In this study indicated that concentration 1200 ppm produced the highest the survival rate (93%) and the lowest amount of TVC (533 CFU/ml).


How to identify target users of broadband speed-up, seize the market in precision marketing has become the core problem for operators. Manual selection of target users is a time-consuming and laborious work, what's more, success rate is generally less than 8%. In order to improve marketing success rate and reduce labor cost, this paper applies data mining to identify the broadband target users. Based on the operator's dispatch data, the target model was constructed through data pre-processing, feature extraction and AdaBoost classifier. Analyzing the 6,180 valid marketing user data recovered, the marketing success rate is 12.33% in top 30% target users, which is closely to 1.5 times in traditional selection, the labor costs can be saved over 600,000 by estimated. The empirical results validate the effectiveness of the AdaBoost algorithm in broadband target users identification applications, significantly improving the marketing success rate. We also summarize that the golden marketing time is 20 days after the first contact with users.


We find clusters and superclusters of galaxies using the Data Release 1 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Density fields with smoothing lengthst of 10 and 0.8 Mpc/h are calculated. We found that galaxies and clusters in a high-density environment have luminosities that are five to ten times higher than in a low-density environment. Numerical simulations show that in underdense regions most particles form a rarefied population of pregalactic matter whereas in overdense regions most particles form a clustered population in rich clusters. Simulations show also that very massive superclusters are great attractors and have small bulk motions.


It is strongly desirable but challenging to obtain force sensing mechanisms that are low-cost, volumetrically compact, away from contact location, and can be easily integrated into existing and emerging robot systems. For example, having a bulky force sensor near the tip of surgical robot tools may be impractical as it may require a large incision, infect biological tissues, and negatively affect surgeon's operation. In this letter, a new vibration-based approach was proposed to measure the force applied to a structure utilizing the structure's acceleration signals. By exciting the structure using a vibration motor, the structure's acceleration signals in time domain showed discernible ellipse-shaped profiles when a force was applied. For the first time, these acceleration profiles were characterized via regression and employed for estimating the direction and magnitude of the applied force. Experimental results showed that, the achieved resolutions with the proposed approach in estimating the direction and magnitude of the applied force were 10° and 0.098 N, respectively. The sensing errors were within the range of 8–18%. This force-sensing approach has strong potential for a wide area of robotic applications.


This paper presents the study of a multi-pole exterior-rotor permanent magnet synchronous machine as a part of a hybrid drive for a small unmanned aircraft. The electric machine is designed to operate in generator or motor mode. Gramme's winding is used in the construction of the analysed machine. The paper covers the load test analysis of the electric machine in generator mode. Motor mode tests are neglected in this given paper. In the real aircraft, the generator output is rectified for supplying the on-board equipment, such as batteries and other electrical devices. Hence, the tests are carried out using active load. Based on test results, the corresponding load and short-circuit characteristic is compiled. In addition, the machine's analytical values of iron and copper losses are determined. Necessity of further study is pointed out.


ABSTRACT Under impacts, monolithic quasi-brittle specimens fail by cracking if the magnitude of the induced stress waves exceeds their tensile strength. In spall tests, depending on the velocity of the striker hitting the specimen, either a partial damage or a whole crack formation can be induced. Since cracking occurs almost instantaneously in this dynamic process, experimental data need to be accurately and reliably filtered to identify the material strength and toughness ruling a cohesive law that describes the damaging/cracking event. To this aim, a Sigma-point Kalman filter approach is here discussed. The performance of the proposed methodology, in terms of constitutive parameter estimation and tracked specimen state, especially crack opening, is first quantitatively assessed through pseudo-experimental testing. It is shown that, if the stress pulse leads to a complete failure of the specimen and if the out-of-plane velocity is measured at the back surface of the impacted specimen, a noteworthy accurate and (almost) initialization-independent calibration of the cohesive model is obtained. Next, some results are provided by processing real experimental data relevant to two ceramic materials: SiC and BC.


Pragmatics has two roles in SLA: It acts as a constraint on linguistic forms and their acquisition, and it represents a type of communicative knowledge and object of L2 learning in its own right. The first role of pragmatics is evident in functionalist (Tomlin 1990) and interactionist (Long 1996) views of SLA. The second role puts pragmatics on a par with morphosyntax, lexis, and phonology in that inquiry focuses on learners' knowledge, use, and acquisition of L2 pragmatics. It is the latter sense of "pragmatics and SLA" that is the focus of this paper. In analogy with other areas of specialization within SLA—interlanguage syntax, interlanguage lexis, and so forth—the study of nonnative speakers' use and acquisition of L2 pragmatic knowledge is referred to as interlanguage pragmatics.


There is a finite set of characteristics which can be present in a durable asset adding value to it, and that are not necessarily part of it in the moment of its adquisition. We represent formally how the expectations over the possible future characteristics of these goods influence its price, and get the conditions for the formation of bubbles, which allows us to propose mechanisms to avoid this kind of instinctive collective regimes. Posteriorly we extend our analysis to consider the case of monopoly and of an m-firms oligopoly producing these kinds of goods, finding that the cardinality of the firm(s)' possible plans of production to maximize benefits is the same. We show relation between the assets' prices and the cardinalities of the sets of suppliers, assets' varieties and entry consumers, with an indirect dependence on the rentlabor wages. We model boundedly an analysis of the effect of tendencies like corruption on newly informed and non-bayesian probabilities that constitute the prices. Finally, some extra provided mechanisms to avoid bubbles focus in reverting badly programed rule of thumbs, to get back to the rightgreat rules respect


Certain kinds of irrigation development projects in hot climates have important adverse implications for human health. This article reviews aspects of such projects in relation to their effects on vector-borne disease; the specific diseases associated with these developments are discussed and tabulated. It introduces the concept of environmental management for disease control and this is discussed in relation to the various phases of project planning and establishment. It concludes by making recommendations for action to be taken towards ensuring the general acceptance and implementation of such techniques.


Optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) has been widely used for characterizing fiber optical links and for detecting and locating fiber faults. OTDR traces are prone to be distorted by different kinds of noise, causing blurring of the backscattered signals, and thereby leading to a misleading interpretation and a more cumbersome event detection task. To address this problem, a novel method combining a denoising convolutional autoencoder (DCAE) and a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) is proposed, whereby the former is used for noise removal of OTDR signals and the latter for fault detection, localization, and diagnosis with the denoised signal as input. The proposed approach is applied to noisy OTDR signals of different levels of input SNR ranging from −5 dB to 15 dB. The experimental results demonstrate that: (i) the DCAE is efficient in denoising the OTDR traces and it outperforms other deep learning techniques and the conventional denoising methods; and (ii) the BiLSTM achieves a high detection and diagnostic accuracy of 96.7% with an improvement of 13.74% compared to the performance of the same model trained with noisy OTDR signals.


This paper investigates the preparation of composite metal-polymer nanostructures formed on the surface of polyethersulfone (PES) by an excimer laser beam. Conditions for laser beam modification varied with the laser fluence value and the number of pulses. The samples were further deposited with a layer of metals with a thickness of 5–15 nm and their surface morphology was examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Electrical properties of layers were also investigated. Composites prepared by this approach were studied futher for stability under laser modification.


In the conventional opinion, contract is the patent of private law and compulsion is the only characteristic of public law. So "order—obedience" became the basic mode of administrative law. This situation not only lead to a serious problem, but also the antagonism between government office and people. By the developing of constitutionalism, the present politics emphasize to respect the idea of people .Now contract has become an important meaning of administration.


Despite its popularity, option strategies have received relatively scant attention in the literature. This paper investigates the profitability of volatility trading in the over-the-counter (OTC) currency option market using simple moving average trading rules. Two types of options strategies are examined in this paper, namely "straddles" and "risk reversals". This study employs daily implied volatility quotes for five major currency pairs contributed by the London market makers from October 1, 2001 to July 31, 2006. Allowing for volatility and exchange rate spread, the trading rules retained positive returns in the majority of the currency pairs. The buy straddle signals generate positive average returns for four of the five currency pairs. For these currency pairs, more than half of the trades resulted in winning outcomes. Further, the average return of the buy trade is statistically different from the average return of the sell trade. This is especially evident for the USD/JPY straddles. Conversely, risk reversal trades produced less compelling outcomes with lower winning trades and returns. Thus our result suggests that the moving average trading rules are useful in volatility trading. In addition the profits from the option strategies are large enough to offset the transaction costs, a result that violates the market efficiency theory.


A sampling technique has been developed that permits direct, rapid, and accurate determination of the pressure inside gas‐filled, hollow, glass Microshell pellets.


The analysis made has shown expediency of modernization rather than reconstruction of earth electrodes, after inspection of long operating substations grounding grids, via building a two-level structure. It will result in both technical and economic effects. The novelty of the results consists in studying, by means of a mathematical model, electrical characteristics of a two-level earth electrode versus the depth of surface soil drying or freezing.


Crystal and molecular structures of the title compounds are reported. In each the complex cation is dimeric with the planar oxalate group acting as a bridge by forming five-membered chelate rings with two metal centres. Co-ordination geometries are approximately octahedral in the nickel compound (I), square pyramidal in the copper compound (II)(oxalate oxygen atoms occupying one basal and one axial site), and trigonal bipyramidal in the zinc compound (III)(oxalate oxygens occupying one apical and one equatorial site). The conformations of the co-ordinated amines are discussed and their relationships with the stereochemistry of the metal centres and with the hydrogen bonding network examined.Crystal data: (I), monoclinic a= 6·33(2), b= 12·03(2), c= 14·95(3)A, β= 91·2(3)°, Z= 2, space group P21/n; (II), orthorhombic. a= 7·02(1), b= 13·25(3), c= 25·27(4)A, Z= 4, space group Pbc2l; (III), orthorhombic, a= 13·38(2), b= 14·72(3), c= 13·30(3)A, Z= 4, space group Pna2l. The structures were solved by the heavy-atom method from photographic data and refined by least squares to R 0·105 [(I), 1936 independent reflexions], 0·101 [(II), 1948], and 0·090 [(III), 1688].


John Hay, remembered by history primarily as a statesman, was actually something of a Renaissance man. It is true that he served asAbraham Lincoln's private secretary during the Civil War, and later as Ambassador to England, and Secretary of State. Most students of history associate Hay's name with his proposed "open-door" policy toward China. Fewer, however, know that during the 1870s Hay made something of a name for himself as a popular poet. Fewer still know that in 1883 Hay penned an anonymous, highly popular, and rather scandalous business novel--and in many ways, that may be the most interesting story of all. Hay's foray into novel-writing actually stemmed from yet another of his many careers, that of businessman. After the Civil War, Hay had married the daughter of Amasa Stone, a Cleveland railroad magnate remembered chiefly for his role as developer of a bridge in Ashtabula, Ohio, which in 1876 collapsed under the weight of a passenger train. As a wedding present, Stone had given his new son-in-law a well-appointed house on Cleveland's fashionable Euclid Avenue, along with a position in his business.' "I am here in a nice little shop," Hay boasted to a friend,"where I do nothing but read and yawn in the long intervals of work, an occupation that fits me like a glove" [Clymer, 1975, pp. 39-44]. During the summer of 1877, however, a group of laborers in Martinsburg, West Virginia set in motion a chain of events that would forever change Hay's perspective on business. The men worked for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, which, facing investor pressure not to reduce its dividend, had recently decided to decrease labor wages by ten percent. It wasn't the first such decrease for B&O employees, but the Martinsburg workers were determined to make it the last. Frustrated crews began to abandon their own trains, then to physically block the departure of others. Their counterparts in Pittsburgh, Louisville, Cleveland, Buffalo and elsewhere followed suit. Soon the strike had effectively crippled the nation's railway system. With state mih'tia volunteers unable (and often unwilling) to subdue the strikers, President Hayes, determined to restore railroad service, called upon federal troops to end the strike. They soon did so, but at the terrible cost of more than a hundred civilian lives [Bruce, 1959]. The 1877 railroad strikes deeply affected many observers on both sides of the labor-capital dispute. Not surprisingly, organized labor blamed capital and government forces for the bloodshed, while proponents of capital expressed


Different from hydrogen-fuelled polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), alcohol-fuelled direct oxidation fuel cells (DOFCs) could be used as portable power sources without worrying about the intractable hydrogen storage issues.1,2 However, unlike the simple and fast oxidation of hydrogen o...


The circuit board fault detection and diagnosis system,which was designed for neotype weapon equipments,not only could resolve the problem that external test resources were too limited,while there were too many quantities and types of circuit board test signals,but also could find the fault slug.The system was made up of many adapters in structure,and used the date acquisition card scheme based on PCI bus for detection;The system finished the design of information bank for fault elements,fault slug detection and detection interface.


Introduction Health Care Investigations: Measurement and Sampling Concepts Processing Data Presenting Data Clinical Trials Introduction to Epidemiology Measuring the Average Measuring Variability Probability and the Normal Curve How Good are our Estimates? The Basis of Statistical Testing Analysing Frequencies Measuring Correlations Regression Analysis Comparing Averages Analysis of Variance -- ANOVA Appendices Bibliography Index


Growing different crops in the same field and/or planting different crops on the same plot during different times of the year can reduce insect pest populations, increase beneficial insects, and suppress weeds. In addition, non-crop plants such as weeds, cover crops, and habitat plantings can be combined in space and time to influence numbers of pest and beneficial arthropods on the main crop. This 7-page fact sheet was written by Hugh A. Smith and Oscar E. Liburd, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, February 2012.
ENY862/IN922: Intercropping, Crop Diversity and Pest Management (ufl.edu)


Physical education (PE) in Australian public primary schools is often neglected despite the recommendations from the government and professional education associations. State governments have standards in place to ensure all children are provided the opportunity to participate in physical education classes, but these are rarely met due to the absence of a specialist PE teacher in many public primary schools. Specialist PE teachers have the knowledge and skills to ensure all children are exposed to a quality PE program and have positive and worthwhile experiences. Children need the value and habit of lifelong physical activity to be instilled in them from a young age. In some cases this is achieved through family, but more often it relies on the school to ensure physical activity is embedded in their lives. Students deserve meaningful PE classes that introduce a variety of movement experiences (e.g., sport, dance, fitness, aquatics and games) which set the foundation for lifelong physical activity. This is important from a health perspective and as a contributor to student learning.


(57) Abstract: The present invention is related compound of the dipeptide compound or the dipeptide compound is produced from the amino acid and thiazolidine group or pyrrolidine group, and salts thereof. Furthermore, the present invention is glucose disorder in a mammal, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, metabolic acidosis, diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy and nephropathy treatment, and to the use of these compounds in the treatment of diabetes sequelae.


A long‐awaited experimental result, recently announced by the KTeV collaboration at the Fermilab Tevatron, does much to clarify the mechanism by which the decay of the neutral K mesons violates CP symmetry. Despite 35 years of painstaking investigation since the discovery of CP‐violating K0 decay by James Cronin, Val Fitch, James Christenson, and Rene Turlay, the important issue of what causes this asymmetry in nature had remained disturbingly unsettled. CP denotes the combined operation of charge conjugation (C), that is to say, the replacement of particles by their antiparticles, and parity inversion (P). After the rude overthrow of parity conservation in 1957, CP offered a refuge for believers in mirror symmetry, but only until the next rude overthrow, by Fitch, Cronin and company, in 1964.


The purpose of the research is to obtain micronutrient fertilizers by applying micronutrient salts and their complex forms to phosphorus fertilizers obtained in incomplete standards of nitric acid or their salt mixtures. Central Kyzylkum phosphorites (low-grade P2O5-12.38%, CaO-43.68%, CO2-13.48%, non-enriched P2O5-16.38%, CaO-45.93%, CO2-18, 15%, SO3-1.86%, thermoconcentrate P2O5-27.40%; CaO-54.68%; CO2- 4.52%) were decomposed with nitric acid at different rates and phosphorus fertilizers were obtained. Copper and zinc sulfate and ammonium molybdate (Cu, Zn, Mo) salts and their complex forms were applied to the obtained fertilizers and their chemical composition was studied. Central Kyzylkum phosphorite flour was processed in different concentrations of nitric acid. The process of granulation of recycled phosphorus fertilizers in different standards was carried out with the participation of micronutrient salts and their complex solutions, and it was possible to obtain micronutrient phosphorus fertilizers. Along with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers, the demand for micronutrient fertilizers is also increasing in our republic. Currently, microfertilizers are used in practice in very small quantities. In the production of mineral fertilizers, the use of various wastes and products of non-ferrous metallurgy containing microelements, sour effluents, spent catalysts and other types of secondary products is one of the solutions for the production of microelement fertilizers.


The purpose of the work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the composition and quality of water and heavy metal contamination of bottom sediments within the framework of integrated ecotoxicological monitoring of several freshwater lake farms in the South Urals. For its implementation, two reservoirs with different anthropogenic impact were selected: lake Chebarkul' and as a control – a pond on the Bezymyannaya Balka. Sampling of water and bottom sediments (BS) was carried out in August 2016. Water samples were taken at 4 stations in a pond "On an unnamed beam" and 3 in a lake. Chebarkul' located approximately at regular intervals along the central axis of water resources from the middle horizon. The concentra - tion in the water of the main ions, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, as well as Ba 2+ and Sr 2+ ions was determined by capil lary electrophoresis on the "Kapel 103-R" system ("Lumeх", Russia). An acid-soluble (1 n HNO 3 ) "mobile" form of metals was determined in the BS. Analysis on the content of metals in water was carried out in accordance with GOST R 51309-99. Analyzes were performed on atomic-absorption spectrophotometers "AAS-1" ("Carl Zeiss", Germany) and "MGA-915MD" ("Lumex", Russia). Thus, we studied the chemical composition and water quality of two fish-breeding freshwater lakes of lake type by 30 indicators. Signs of organic pollution of reservoirs, as well as excess of MPC for fishery reservoirs was found for a number of micronutrients and heavy metals: F, Cu, Sr, Zn. The content of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of two fishery reservoirs was determined. We found that the concentrations found are within the previously established values for reservoirs in the Chelyabinsk region. At higher concentrations, metals are accumulated by bottom sediments of lake Chebarkul', which has a high anthropogenic load.


Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are important to most economies. To improve e-commerce uptake and often motivated by regional economic and community development issues, some governments are creating Internet-based e-marketplaces for SMEs. Given the complexities involved in creating such e-marketplaces, a conceptual framework to support their development needs to be considered. The proposed framework uses a staged approach to advise the development of government-sponsored community-portal regional emarketplaces (CP-REMs) for SMEs. Data from an ongoing case study is used to examine the framework constructs. Findings indicate that the staged approach allows CP-REMs to develop in tandem with e-commerce sophistication of SMEs.


For better understanding of relevant morphology and mechanics, direct visualization of a Neuroform microstent (NFM) within an actual human intracranial artery is essential. Twelve NFM were deployed into 8 various segments of formaldehyde-fixed cadaver intracranial arteries. The arteries were then dehydrated and cleared in methyl salicylate to create transparency. The morphology of NFM was studied by digital macro-photography with a back illumination system. The possible limitations and important findings of the NFM were discussed.


The thermal kinetics of changes of –aminobutyric acid (GABA) and antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) in germinated red jasmine rice milk (GRJM) at heating temperatures of 80, 90, 100 and 121C using Arrhenius, Eyring–Polanyi and Ball models was examined in this study. Under isothermal conditions, the increasing of heating temperature from 80C to 121C resulted in the decreasing of GABA. However, DPPH radical scavenging activity increased under temperature range of 80–100C, but decreased at 121C. The highest residue of GABA was 94% after heating at 80C for 30 min, while the highest increasing of DPPH radical scavenging activity was 230% at 90C for 30 min. Thermal degradation of GABA followed a second–order reaction kinetic, while the increasing of antioxidant activity (80–100C) followed a first–order kinetic as well as the degradation of antioxidant activity (121C). The heating temperature dependence of rate constant for degradation of GABA and increasing of antioxidant activity were described by Arrhenius, Eyring–Polanyi and Ball models. Following the Arrhenius law, activation energies were 59.62 kJ/mol and 30.31 kJ/mol, respectively for degradation of GABA (80–121C) and increasing of antioxidant activity in GRJM (80–100C). Arrhenius, Eyring–Polanyi and Ball models could be used to predict accurately GABA content and antioxidant activity in GRJM during isothermal heat treatment.


Low-gradient agricultural areas prone to in-field flooding impact crop development and yield potential, resulting in financial losses. Early identification of the potential reduction in yield from excess water stress at the plot scale provides stakeholders with the high-throughput information needed to assess risk and make responsive economic management decisions as well as future investments. The objective of this study is to analyze and evaluate the application of proximal remote sensing from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) to detect excess water stress in soybean and predict the potential reduction in yield due to this excess water stress. A high-throughput data processing pipeline is developed to analyze multispectral images captured at the early development stages (R4–R5) from a low-cost UAS over two radiation use efficiency experiments in West–Central Indiana, USA. Above-ground biomass is estimated remotely to assess the soybean development by considering soybean genotype classes (High Yielding, High Yielding under Drought, Diversity, all classes) and transferring estimated parameters to a replicate experiment. Digital terrain analysis using the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) is used to objectively compare plots more susceptible to inundation with replicate plots less susceptible to inundation. The results of the study indicate that proximal remote sensing estimates above-ground biomass at the R4–R5 stage using adaptable and transferable methods, with a calculated percent bias between 0.8% and 14% and root mean square error between 72 g/m2 and 77 g/m2 across all genetic classes. The estimated biomass is sensitive to excess water stress with distinguishable differences identified between the R4 and R5 development stages; this translates into a reduction in the percent of expected yield corresponding with observations of in-field flooding and high TWI. This study demonstrates transferable methods to estimate yield loss due to excess water stress at the plot level and increased potential to provide crop status assessments to stakeholders prior to harvest using low-cost UAS and a high-throughput data processing pipeline.


The national identification scheme is a major initiative of governments to integrate the e-government services of a country. The Government of India (GoI) has started a massive project to enrol all the citizens into a single database through a unique identification (UID) number, called Aadhaar. The aim of this study is to understand the acceptance of UID among Indian citizens, using the technology acceptance model (TAM). The survey data were collected from 385 prospective UID users and analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The results suggest that the core constructs of TAM and the perceived trust in UID have a strong impact on Indian citizens' intentions of using UID. The study also provides a possible explanation for the significant relationships among constructs, and how this information can be utilised to improve acceptance of this scheme in India.


Human being is always involved with various challenges and conditions for which it is necessary to make a fruitful and on-time decision. The necessary condition for fundamental involvement with these problems is benefiting from an active a creative thinking. Philosophical method is one of the major thinking methods for this purpose. Smith has named it as a form of thinking under the title of philosophical mind. He believes that Philosophical mind is a pattern with three dimensions of integration, deepness and reflection. The major goal of the present research is to find out any relationship between emotional intelligence of managers and their philosophical mind at different branches of Bank of Tosse Taavon at West Azerbaijan province. For this purpose we defined emotional intelligence according to the theory of Daniel Gilman in five dimensions, consciousness, self-control, sympathy, motivation, social skills and executive thinking according to the theory of Philip J. Smith in three dimensions, integration, deepness and reflection. There are one major hypothesis and five secondary hypotheses.  Statistical population of this research includes 35 managers at different branches of Bank of Tosse Taavon at West Azerbaijan Province. Regarding the limited number of statistical population, it was considered as the total statistical population. Data collection tools include two inventories such as Gilman's emotional intelligence inventory and also Smith's executive thinking one. Upon approval the reliability and validity of questionnaires, they were submitted to statistical sample. After collecting the questionnaires, it was possible to analysis them by the use of descriptive and conceptual statistical methods. As a result, we used descriptive statistical method for purification, classification and interpretation of collected data and also Pearson Correlation r test for testing of all research hypotheses. According to the results, there is not any significant relationship between managers' emotional intelligence and its dimensions with their executive thinking except for sympathy dimensions at various branches of Bank of Tosse Taavon at West Azerbaijan Province.


We have prepared (AB)n-multiblock copolymers based on N-(3′-hydroxyphenyl)trimellitimide (IM), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA), and 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (HNA) via a simple one-pot melt condensation method. The blocky nature is the result of phase separation taking place in the early stages of the melt polymerization process. The liquid crystal HBA/HNA fraction phase separates from the isotropic HBA/IM fraction and this phase separation effectively shuts down transesterification reactions, preventing randomization of the polymer backbone. The (AB)n-multiblock copoly(esterimide)s exhibit two distinct glass transition temperatures (Tgs). The first Tg at ∼120 °C can be assigned to the HBA/HNA rich A-block and the second Tg at ∼220 °C can be assigned to the HBA/IM rich B-block. When introducing imide-based phenylethynyl end-groups, these reactive functionalities end-up exclusively at the termini of the HBA/IM rich B-blocks, effectively forming a phenylethynyl-terminated B(AB)n-reactive oligomer. Upon thermal...


Objective:To establish an RP-HPLC method to determine the concentration of vancomycin in human plasma.Method:Norvancomycin as internal standard,the plasma sample was precipitated by 10% zinc sulfate solu- tion.The separation was carried out by Discovery RP Amide C_(16) (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) column with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05 mol·L~(-1) potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution (10:90,pH=2.8).The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min~(-1).The detection wavelength was 230 nm.The column temperature was 35℃.Results:The linear range was 2.0-80.0 μg·mL~(-1).The correlation coefficient was 0.9999 (n=5,RSD=2.88%).The intra -day and inter-day precision were both less than 6% and the low,middle and high extraction recoveries were more than 99.0% (n=5).Conclusion :The method is accurate,simple,and sensitive and suitable for the study of therapeutic drug monitoring for vaneomycin,especially combined with other medicines in clinical.


The functions, applications, developments and current application mode of IDS2.x system are generally introduced in this paper. Then the development mode of spacecraft based on IDS2.x system is described. The existing problems especially the information redundancy of mechanical interface and their effects are pointed out. A new solution is proposed by developing 3D-IDS system. The central functions of 3D-IDS system are shown in this study. A new application mode of 3D-IDS system is explored and described by showing how to fill in, countersign and apply with 3D-IDS file. The 2D drawing and sketch are removed from 3D-IDS system to avoid information redundancy of mechanical interface. The consistency between 3D model and the parameters of IDS file can be guaranteed by the interface tool. The efficiency of filling in, countersigning and applying has been improved significantly, which greatly promotes the coordination and total efficiency of spacecraft system design departments and equipment design departments.


According to the "guidance on developing health service in urban community" issued by the State Council, the system of the integration of university hospital and the community health service should be established in order to meet people's increasing need for keeping health and to solve the problems of the troubles in going to see a doctor and the higher charges for it. This article puts forward some ideas to solve these problems by way of making university hospitals socialized in order to offer better service to the society.


Abstract THE development of the electroretinogram (ERG) of the chick embryo has been studied by Goto (1950), Peters et al. (1958), Garcia-Austt and Patetta-Queirolo (1961 a,b) and more recently by Blozovski and Blozovski (1968) and most of them reported that the first appearance of the ERG was recognized in the embryonic stage from the 16th to 19th day of incubation. The time of appearance of the ERG varied with different experimental conditions, namely in situ or isolated eye. Other reasons for the disagreement of the first onset time among various workers might be due to breed differences and to classification of developing embryos. The purpose of this experiment is to study when the ERG first appears in our testing conditions, and to observe a pattern of changes in the chick ERG at various ages of development. MATERIALS AND METHODS a) Materials: About two hundred White Leghorn chicks (Goto-201 line) 1 to…


The responsibility for the contents of the working papers rests with the author, not the Institute. Since working papers are of a preliminary nature, it may be useful to contact the author of a particular working paper about results or caveats before referring to, or quoting, a paper. Any comments on working papers should be sent directly to the author.


Autophagy is a vital cellular process, essential to maintaining cellular function during acute physiological stressors including exercise and heat stress. We previously showed that autophagy occurs during exercise in an intensity-dependent manner in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from young men, with elevated responses in the heat. However, given autophagy declines with age, it is unclear whether a similar pattern of response occurs in older adults. Therefore, we evaluated autophagy and the cellular stress response (i.e., apoptosis, inflammation, and the heat shock response [HSR]) in PBMCs from 10 healthy older men (mean [SD]: aged 70 years [5]) in response to 30 minutes of semi-recumbent cycling at low-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensities (40, 55, and 70% maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), respectively) in a temperate (25°C) environment, with an additional vigorous-intensity bout (70% of VO2max) performed in a hot environment (40°C). Responses were evaluated before and after exercise, as well as throughout a 6-hour seated recovery period performed in the same environmental conditions as the respective exercise bout. Proteins were assessed via Western blot. While we observed elevations in mean body temperature with each increase in exercise intensity, autophagy was only stimulated during vigorous-intensity exercise, where we observed elevations in LC3-II (p<0.05). However, when the same exercise was performed in the heat, the LC3-II response was attenuated, which was accompanied by significant p62 accumulation (p<0.05). Altogether, our findings demonstrate that older adults exhibit autophagic impairments when the same vigorous-intensity exercise is performed in hot environments, potentially underlying heat-induced cellular vulnerability in older men.


The phase diagram of massless quantum electrodynamics in three space-time dimensions as a function of fermion flavor number $N$ exhibits two well-known phases: at large $N > N_c^{conf}$ the system is in a conformal gapless state, while for small $N N_c^{\chi SB}$. There is therefore an intermediate range of values of $N$ at which a third phase is stabilized. We demonstrate that this phase is characterized by spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry, in which a composite vector boson field acquires a vacuum expectation value with the fermions and the photon remaining massless.


Sarcasm is a language phrase that transports the polar opposite of what is being said, usually something extremely disagreeable to mock or offend someone. Sarcasm was commonly employed on social networking sites daily. Since sarcasm might alter the significance of statement, the opinion analysis process is error-prone. Concerns regarding the integrity of analytics have developed as the utilization of automatic social media analytics apparatuses has extended. Based on the earlier study, sarcastic statements alone have considerably decreased the performance of automated sentiment analysis. This article develops a Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization with Deep Learning Driven Sarcasm Detection (HPSO-DLSD) technique. The presented HPSO-DLSD technique mainly concentrates on the recognition of sarcasm on social media. In the presented HPSO-DLSD technique, the initial stage of data preprocessing is carried out. To detect and classify sarcasm, sparse stacked autoencoder (SAE) model is exploited and the detection performance can be boosted via the HPSO algorithm. The experimental result analysis of the HPSO-DLSD technique can be tested on benchmark dataset and the outcomes emphasized the enhancements of the HPSO-DLSD method over other current approaches.


This work reports the problems of legal applications resulting from the complex theorical medical formulation about psychopathy (or antisocial personality disorder), considering the differences in the conceptual and categorical characteristics of this disorder. Therefore, this article had the intention of being an explanatory work with a strong classificatory tendency, since a further grouping and cataloguing of the field of psychopathy is necessary. However, it's emphasized that, despite the method being traced with strong conceptual contrast, it presents a deepening in relevant issues, which tendentiously determine the divisions of the theme.


We present results of the first application of the transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD) technique to bulk, infiltration growth (IG)-processed YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) superconductors with embedded Y2BaCuO5(Y-211) nanoparticles. By means of focused ion-beam (FIB) milling, TEM slices were prepared from mechanically polished surfaces of bulk, IG-processed YBCO samples. The required optical transparency was reached by additional polishing the resulting surfaces using the FIB and Ar-ion milling. For TKD, the sample was mounted on a homebuilt sample holder in the SEM, which provides the required inclination for TKD. The improved spatial resolution of TKD enabled the investigation of the small Y-211 particles (diameter of about 60–210 nm) embedded in the superconducting YBCO matrix. The fabricated TEM slices further enable the application of transmission electron microscopy to the same sample sections. These tiny Y-211 particles embedded within the YBCO matrix are, together with their strain fields, directly responsible for the high irreversibility fields due to the effective flux pinning of the IG-processed samples.


Infestation and management of leaf roller of soybean were studied in the field   and laboratory of the Oilseed Research Centre (ORC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur during the rabi seasons of 2007-08 and 2008-09. Leaf roller infestation was observed in the 3rd week of January at the vegetative and flowering stages (45-60 days after sowing=DAS) of the crop and continued up to pre-maturity period (80-85 DAS). The highest leaf   roller population (0.9 and 1.00/plant in 2008 and 2009, respectively) and infestation (90% plant in 2008 and 95% plant in 2009) were recorded in the last week of February at the pod formation stage of the crop (65-70 DAS). Among the treatments, hand picking technique reduced the highest plant and leaf (98%) infestation. The highest seed yield (1300 kg/ha) was obtained from Diazinon 60 EC treated plots, followed by hand picking+neem seed extract treated plot (1280   kg/ha). The highest BCR (3.00) was obtained from the hand picking technique plots followed by Diazinon 60 EC treated plots (2.66). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11171 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(1): 19-25, March 2012


When a real fluid flow passes over the surface of a flat plate, the velocity of the fluids on the surface of the object becomes same as that of the object. If object is at rest, the fluid will also have zero velocity because of no slip condition at the boundary. Away from the boundary the velocity increase gradually and reaches to free stream velocity and hence there exists a region closed to the object where velocity gradient exists, this region is known as boundary layer region. The flow in the boundary layer is viscous and rotational. Due to viscous effect shear stress is developed inside the boundary layer, above the boundary layer region the flow is non viscous. Study of boundary layer is vital for design of streamline bodies such as air foil. Generally most of wind tunnel is mainly designed for the study of aeronautic action with laminar flow and produces low depth of boundary layer due to lack of turbulence intensity in test section of wind tunnel.
This thesis describes how thick boundary layer can be produced in a short wind tunnel. Several type of thickening (passive) devices are used to increase the boundary layer growth in low speed wind tunnel. This project is a study of four different passive devices (spire, mat, square and diamond blocks) separately and in various combination so that boundary layer can be increased and analyzes the effect of these roughness elements on boundary layer parameter using velocity profile at various free stream velocity at various sections in wind tunnel. This thesis is also used to simulate the atmospheric boundary layer in wind tunnel with a short test section (8m ×.6m×.6m). This project presents the design, computation analysis and experimental study of passive device of different configuration.


The electrification of the mobility sector poses new challenges for grid operators. The simultaneous charging of a large number of electric vehicles could overload the grid. To solve this problem, sensors must be used to create observability of the low-voltage grid and to introduce control of the charging processes. The new sensors will generate large amounts of data containing personal information. For better and local handling of these data streams, edge computing approaches have been discussed. In this work, an edge computing system for the problem is presented. The structure of the software and the LoRa-based communication system is discussed in particular. Different sub-tasks are packaged in docker containers to get flexible and reusable software, that can be used for multiple use cases and hardware systems. The LoRa communication should lead to higher data security with it being decentralized and independent of the internet. With the system presented here, it is possible to determine the grid state using the sensors installed in the grid and to use this information to control the charging process of electric vehicles. The system was tested in a field test. The results show the general applicability of the approach and needed improvements for LoRa communication.


The global financial crisis emphasized the important role of the prudent monetary policy in supporting economic growth through maintaining price stability. The monetary policy operational framework that was designed in 2008 was updated to include more instruments for managing monetary policy learning from the crisis lessons. Several studies analyzed various dimensions related to economic growth in Jordan such as Abdul-Khaliq, Soufan, and Abu Shihab (2013) and Assaf (2014), there were no studies that investigated the effect of monetary policy on economic growth in Jordan, at least recently, however. The study aims at measuring the effect of monetary policy instruments on the performance of Jordanian economy. Using quarterly data covering the period (2005-2015), an econometric model was examined using Vector Error Correction Model to assess the impact of monetary policy instruments on economic growth. The foremost advantage of VECM is that it has a nice interpretation of long-term and short-term equations. The results showed the existence of positive long-term and short-term effects of monetary policy instruments on the growth of real GDP. The model included three monetary policy instruments besides money supply. They are required reserve ratio, rediscount rate and overnight interbank loan rates as dependent variables, and the real GDP growth as a dependent variable. The stationarity of the model time series was addressed. In addition, the stability of the model was tested using stability diagnostics tools. The results showed also an existence of inverse relationship between rediscount rate and economic growth in Jordan over both long and short terms.


Abstract : The report is intended as an aid in the design of bridge protective systems and devices. The report includes: (1) factors considered in design and type of systems used; (2) advantages and disadvantages of seven types of fendering systems; (3) material properties of fendering systems; (4) design parameters; (5) hand calculation and computer applications; and (6) conclusions and recommendations of state-of-the-art study. (Author)


An examination has been made of the gravitational instability of an infinite, perfectly-conducting cylinder, maintained by its intrinsic gravitational force, with an axial magnetic field, and surro...


In an arrangement (1) for fixing an object, for example a lamp or a support member (105) for a luminaire, to an elongated flexible suspension element (2), in particular on a rope or cable, is arranged on the object to be fastened fastener (5) provided at the one end portion of the suspension member (2) is fixed. The arrangement (1) further comprises an adjusting element (10, 20) which is supported at one end on the fastening element (5) and on the other hand a guide for displacement of the suspension member (2).