Mental health of university students has recently become a topic of attention by mental health researchers, in addition to having a significant urgency in daily life, mental health is a determining factor in achieving effective living. This study aims to determine the level of obstacles experienced by students in the process of seeking professional psychological assistance. This study uses a quantitative method obtained through survey techniques with descriptive analysis explore using SPPS assistance, by providing a psychological scale that is distributed via google form, the respondents of this study are college students. The results of the study show that students have a high level of barriers in seeking psychological professional help. Discussions and suggestions are in the script.


PURPOSE:To give a proper horizontal sealing treatment to packing material corresponding to film thickness, material quality and the like. CONSTITUTION:A pair of whirling arms 11 which rotate inwardly each other are provided below a pair of pull-down belts 3 to transfer cylinder-formed packing material S. A pair of horizontal sealing jaws 20 are mounted on the whirling arms 11 to make a horizontal sealing to the packing material S while they are constantly kept in a sealing posture through planet gear mechanisms 21, 22 and 24. On the other hand, a motor 40 for elevating the arms 11 is driven in one or the other direction at a preset timing. Thus, the whirling arms 11 go down together with the packing material S through a movable frame 30 at a connecting position, so that the horizontal sealing jaws 20 can draw an oblong locus including a necessary length of straight running part. Consequently, a proper horizontal sealing is made to the packing material S.


In order for one to understand the dramatic historic development of Taiwan, one must first gain a sense of place and time in order to appreciate how different periods in the history of Taiwan have helped shape its progress, either in a constructive or negative way. The purpose of this thesis is to describe a British presence that existed in Taiwan from 1858 to 1895. The Treaty Port era has been documented in a number of different discourses, but the role the British played in the nineteenth century economic and social transformations of Taiwan have not been studied as a subject within its own right. Attention to this overlooked aspect of British history is not only important because it was a turning point in British perception of extraterritoriality, but also in Chinese relations to foreign powers. In addition the period was also marked by a reformation in the importance Taiwan played to the Qing court.
 In 1858 with the signing of the Treaty of Tientsin and the Treaty of Peking in 1863, as a result of the Second Opium War, China was required to open four ports on Taiwan. The Treaty of Tientsin designated Anping as a Treaty Port in 1858 and the Treaty of Peking opened the ports of Tamsui and Keelung in 1860 and 1863 respectively. Finally, concessions of the treaty opened Takao in 1864. However, the question of Taiwan as an obvious location for trade was raised as early as 1883 and this period was mirrored by the withdrawal of the East India Trading Company for China. As a consequence, it was not the 'Company' that penetrated the shores of Taiwan as it had done in both India and China. Instead it was agency houses and private firms, which transformed the agrarian economy into the market mechanisms of international commerce. This thesis will confront a British community presence as a social historical process by highlighting the cause, course, and consequence of the formation and the theoretical structuration of nineteenth century treaty ports in Taiwan.


Two-dimensional (x, y) profile or curve tracers are considered in terms of position errors and peripheral velocity errors as the servomechanism follows a closed contour without introducing external forcing functions. The servo system is implemented using standard position controls with nonlinear cross-axis feedback terms, which are generated analytic functions of the pattern. Each axis essentially serves as a feedback path for the other axis in this system. Linearization enables one to design the system dynamics and test the controls. A machine tool using the nonlinear feedback system was constructed and tested. Performance was excellent, and an example of the results is presented.


More than 100 million tonnes of methanol (MeOH) is produced each year, most of which is used as a feed-stock for the production of other chemicals. But over past years methanol has become a subject of research as an emerging new source of energy and fuel. Industrial methanol production processes are generally classified into three groups: (1) conventional two-phase heterogeneous system, (2) liquid phase methanol or three-phase systems known as LPMeOH (3) homogeneous systems. In the first process, the synthesis of methanol from syngas (CO and H2) is performed in a fixed bed reactor, whereas the LPMeOH method employs a slurry reactor. While the three-phase process is more developed compared to other processes but it also suffers from few drawbacks. Mass transfer limitations, the selection of a temperature moderator and heat removal medium and the physical blockage of the slurry reactor membrane by solid catalyst particles are the more prominent of these. Homogeneous systems represent an alternative process that operates at moderate pressure (10-20 bar) and low temperature (100-150?C). Few studies have been undertaken on this subject since the pioneering research conducted in 1979 by J. S. Bradley. In the present work, 6 different catalysts, anhydrous NiCl2, Ni(acac)2, [NiCl2(PPh3)2], Ni(CH3COO)2, NiCO3 and Ni(NH3)4(SO4) were investigated in a titanium Parr reactor. A mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a stoichiometric ratio for methanol synthesis (H2/CO=2) was employed as a feed gas. The catalyst system comprised potassium methoxide dissolved in a mixture of methanol and tetrahydrofuran. This work studied the effects of temperature, pressure and catalyst composition on the reaction performance of methanol synthesis.


This article explores how sports in France have responded to the challenges of globalization, and also to the opportunities of an increasingly multicultural society. Two case studies are offered in which a distinctive national model may be seen to have been exposed to powerful transnational forces between 1985 and 2015, a period which also corresponds to sport's digital age. The sports primarily targeted are football and athletics, the most visibly international of modern games, as highlighted by their quadrennial showcases: the World Cup and the Olympic Games. The resulting case studies are intended to suggest some of the ways in which the state, the media and the relevant federations have responded to the multiple challenges of the corporate-financed and electronically mediated 'global sporting system'. Featured athletes include Zinedine Zidane, Lilian Thuram, Marie-Jose Perec and Mahiedine Mekhissi-Benabbad.


The present investigation was aimed with the objective of developing fast dissolving oral films of Aripiprazole to attain quick onset of action for the better management of Schizophrenia. Fourteen formulations (F1-F14) of Aripiprazole mouth dissolving films by solvent-casting method using HPMC E5, HPMC E15, Maltodextrin, PG and PVA. Formulations were evaluated for their physical characteristics, thickness, folding endurance, tensile strength, disintegration time, drug content uniformity and drug release characteristics and found to be within the limits. Among the prepared formulations F13 showed minimum disintegration time 10 sec, maximum drug was released i.e. 99.49 ± 0.36% of drug within 8 min when compared to the other formulations and finalized as optimized formulation. FTIR data revealed that no interactions take place between the drug and polymers used in the optimized formulation. The in vitro dissolution profiles of marketed product and optimized formulation was compared and found to be the drug released was 20.73 ± 0.25 after 8 min. Therefore, it can be a good alternative to conventional Aripiprazole for immediate action. In vitro evaluation of the Aripiprazole fast dissolving oral films confirmed their potential as an innovative dosage form to improve delivery and quick onset of action of Aripiprazole. The mouth dissolving film is potentially useful for the treatment of Schizophrenia where the quick onset of action is desired.


The empirical value of traditional measures related to homicide, the cause of death, and weapon use are well researched and documented in the literature. This research proposes new scale measures quantifying the degree of injury exhibited in homicide cases that can be used to further examine the dynamics of homicidal behavior. These scales are then tested in an examination of a limited set of data reflecting homicides of elderly women. Normally the purview of trauma studies, where the use of injury scales to assess patient survivability is known, homicidal injury is examined using a similar method as a means for exploring offender and crime scene variables. As proposed here, these injury scales may also prove to be useful in furthering other areas of homicide research.


This study examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in organised retailing in Malaysia with reference to consumers and retailers. Findings reveal that FDI in organised retailing in food and grocery and apparel & clothing is related with product & store attributes, economic, social, technological benefits to both consumers and retailers. Malaysian consumers' are conscious of quality and looking for diverse product range so will prefer organised retail format for shopping. Consumers are aware of economic, social, technological benefits of FDI in organised retailing. It is also suggested that small retailers should focus on marketing strategies such as loyalty programmes, free gifts, store image and festival offers to attract customers as compare to organised retailers. Additionally, the paper empirically examine that foreign retailers can help small traditional retailers by trainings, new market opportunities, quality assurance, technology support, contract farming, efficient marketing chain, better packaging and e-commerce. They can also assist small farmers in forming the capacity to pursue successful strategies of portfolios of participation in the various market channels. 1 email@example.com 2 firstname.lastname@example.com G. BATRA, T. ANAND IMPACT OF FDI... 2


ObjectiveTo optimize the extraction process of Qinlian dropping pills.MethodsThe different solvents and the methods for extraction were optimized by orthogonal design with the content of Baicalin in the extract as the index.In the experiment,the content of baicalin in the extract was measured by HPLC.ResultsThe optimum extraction processes selected by orthogonal design were as follows: the sample was soaked with 60% ethanol(12∶1) for 60 minutes and extracted twice,60 minutes each time.ConclusionThe extraction process is simple,reliable and suitable for practical use.


Abstract : This is the first of seven sub-volumes of Volume VII containing spectrographs of the model helicopter hub/rotor wake as it was modified by various aerodynamic devices. This sub-volume deals with the wake changes as the model is built up to baseline configuration. (Author)


The medium access control protocol plays an important role to decrease access collisions in dense wireless sensor networks where multiple sensors in the same vicinity attempt to transmit a packet simultaneously. In this article, we propose a distributed medium access control protocol that uses successive multiple collision detection phases for dense wireless sensor network environments by enhancing the typical carrier sense multiple access with collision resolution protocol that uses only a single collision detection phase. In the proposed medium access control protocol, colliding stations are filtered in each collision detection phase and only surviving stations compete again in the next collision detection phase. Therefore, the collision detection probability becomes higher as the collision detection phases proceed. Utilizing the successive multiple collision detection phases, we analyze the throughput numerically and find optimal operating parameters—such as the number of collision detection phases and the number of collision detection slots per phase—that maximize the throughput. Analysis and simulation results show that the proposed medium access control protocol using the successive collision detection technique significantly outperforms the conventional carrier sense multiple access with collision resolution protocol.


This paper investigates what students need to learn, to be able to interpret and evaluate sources, in relation to specific subject matter addressing Imperialism and Decolonization. The History-dida ...


This paper presents a Doppler radar based on an injection-locked quadrature receiver (ILQR) architecture that can use the wireless communication signals from an input cable or an antenna to perform gesture sensing at a short distance. Since the proposed radar does not require an illumination source, radio interference does not occur. To study parametrically the effect of the signal parameters on radar detection performance, a simulation was carried out by modeling the radar system in the discrete-time domain, and the results were verified experimentally using an actuator. In demonstrated applications, the radar uses an input 20 MHz Long-Term Evolution (LTE) signal or captures an ambient Wi-Fi signal to detect several gestures quite successfully.


Stellar winds from active solar-type stars can play a crucial role in removal of stellar angular momentum and erosion of planetary atmospheres. However, major wind properties except for mass-loss rates cannot be directly derived from observations. We employed a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic Alfvén wave driven solar wind model, ALF3D, to reconstruct the solar wind parameters including the mass-loss rate, terminal velocity, and wind temperature at 0.7, 2, and 4.65 Gyr. Our model treats the wind thermal electrons, protons, and pickup protons as separate fluids and incorporates turbulence transport, eddy viscosity, turbulent resistivity, and turbulent heating to properly describe proton and electron temperatures of the solar wind. To study the evolution of the solar wind, we specified three input model parameters, the plasma density, Alfvén wave amplitude, and the strength of the dipole magnetic field at the wind base for each of three solar wind evolution models that are consistent with observational constrains. Our model results show that the velocity of the paleo solar wind was twice as fast, ∼50 times denser and 2 times hotter at 1 AU in the Sun's early history at 0.7 Gyr. The theoretical calculations of mass-loss rate appear to be in agreement with the empirically derived values for stars of various ages. These results can provide realistic constraints for wind dynamic pressures on magnetospheres of (exo)planets around the young Sun and other active stars, which is crucial in realistic assessment of the Joule heating of their ionospheres and corresponding effects of atmospheric erosion.


This work proposes a novel test architecture that combines the advantages of both scan-based and built-in self-test (BIST) designs. The main idea is to record (store) all required compressed test data in a novel scan chain structure such that the stored data can be extracted, reconstructed and decompressed into required deterministic patterns using an on-chip test controller with a test pattern decompressor. The recording of test data is achieved by modifying the connections between scan cells. Techniques to extract test data from the modified scan cells and to deliver decompressed test patterns to the modified scan cells are presented. The on-chip test controller can automatically generate all required control signals for the whole test procedure. This significantly reduces the requirements on external ATE. Experimental results on OpenSPARC T2, a publicly accessible 8-core processor containing 5.7M gates, show that all required test data for 100% testable stuck-at fault coverage can be stored in the scan chains of the processor with less than 3% total area overhead for the whole test architecture.


Abstract Existing occupational therapy literature focuses on sensory and developmental needs for newly adopted children but has not considered the needs of adoptive families from a mental health or contextual perspective. This descriptive needs assessment was conducted using survey design that addressed mental health, disability, medical, and social environmental needs of 127 adoptive families with minor children. Results indicate that mental health concerns among adopted children and adolescents are common and complex, and that parental stress and need for post-adoption support is high. Occupational therapists working with adoptive families should consider family-centered care, assess mental health, and consider contextual factors.


In this paper, we investigate the Method of Moment (MoM) reaction elements associated with x-directed, roof-top expansion and test functions that reside in inhomogeneously-filled stripline structures. Previously our simulator could only handle MoM reaction element evaluations associated with filamentary expansion and test functions in homogeneously-filled stripline structures. Computational results for the reaction elements are given to obtain a better understanding of the physical phenomenology associated with coupling in stripline structures.


Objective To explore the occurrence site, clinical manifestations, endoscopic and radiographic features, pathologic characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (GEP-NEN).Methods From January 2000 to June 2010,medical records of 87 GEP-NEN patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were collected. The neuroendocrine properties of the tumors were determined by immunohistochemistry staining of neuroendocrine markers Syn and CgA.Then according to histology and proliferation activity, the GEP-NEN tumors were classified as neuroendocrine tumor (G1 and G2 grade), neuroendocrine carcinoma (G3 grade) and mixed adenoendocrine carcinoma (G3 grade).Results 36 cases (41.4%) of GEP-NEN tumors were in pancreas, followed by 18 cases in rectum (20.7%), 9 cases in stomach (10.3%) and 6 cases in duodenum (6.9%).Total 69 of 87 GEP-NEN cases (74.7%) were nonfunctional tumors, a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms or symptoms caused by local tumor compression were the most first symptoms, and no one case presented carcinoid syndrome.The manifestations of endoscopy and radiographic image were tumor occupying lesion.Of 87 GEP-NEN cases, 69 cases were neuroendocrine tumor (79.7%), 13 cases were neuroendocrine carcinoma (14.9%) and 5 cases were mixed adenoendocrine carcinoma (5.4%).The percentage of grade G1, G2 and G3 tumors were 64.9%、 14.9% and 20.2% respectively.Muscularis or serosa infiltration were found in 22 GEP-NEN patients (47.8%) at the first visit, lymphatic metastasis was in 18 cases (20.7%) and distant metastasis were in 18 cases (20.7%), mostly migrated to liver.Immunohistochemistry staining positive rates of CgA and Syn were 74.2% and 88.1%.A total of 79 patients (90.8%) were underwent surgery.The 1-, 3-and 5-year survival rates were 76.9%, 54.2%and 41.7% during follow-up.Conclusions GEP-NEN may occur at any part of the digestive system,the clinical manifestations are variable.Endoscopy and radiographic examination play an important role in tumor diagnosis, but final diagnosis is mainly based on pathological detection, and surgery is the main treatment option.The prognosis of the tumor is correlated with the pathological classification,grading and condition of distant metastasis.

Key words:
Gastrointestinal neoplasms;  Pancreatic neoplasms;  Neuroendocrine tumors; Endoscopy;  Neoplasm metastasis;  Prognosis


Intel's Fab 10 is challenged to quickly integrate new technologies into high volume manufacturing. This paper outlines how the Training Department in Fab 10 is supporting this challenge by creating new efficiencies and improvements in the delivery of Level 1 Certified Maintenance Technicians (MT) to the production floor. These efficiencies equate to a reduction of up to 30% in the Level 1 Certification time and also provide a positive impact on the quality of the training. This was achieved at no extra cost and was completed on selected functional areas within 3 months of project initiation.


Aiming at the features of various failure types and complicated fault models in the vacuum system of space environment simulator, this paper studies fault diagnosis method for vacuum pump according to the feature of fault characteristic signal. Model-based parameter estimation method is used for the pressure signal in the container while adaptive threshold judgment method is utilized for time-domain signals, pump case temperature and the pump electricity, to make the fault diagnosis. The simulation results show such method can diagnose the four kinds failure modes, air leakage, low rotate speed in the vacuum pump, high temperature of the pump case and the abnormal incoming current into the pump. It is an effective method for making the fault diagnosis for the vacuum pump.


Apparatus for adjusting the sheet edge positions of sheets for a welding machine, comprising: - a movable stand (1) provided with a cutting device (7, 8) for cutting a web in a width direction and a welding device (5, 6) for welding of cut-off portions of two thus obtained from the web cut-off plates (2, 3 is) equipped and designed elongated in the width direction of the web so that the cutting and welding operations can be executed while the movable stand (1) is moved in the width direction; and - sheet edge detectors, the position of the edges of the sheets (2, 3) non-contact detection, characterized, that the detectors are plate side edge detectors (10-17) which are provided in an apparatus for plate width Mittenausfluchtung and positioned at a predetermined distance in the width direction, the sheet side edge detectors (10-17), the sheet side edges of two plates (2, 3) in detect the width direction and by the sheet side edge detectors (10-17) are determined width values to the sheet width centers of each ...


Abstract The tendency to avoid expressing unpleasant emotions can be a barrier to seeking mental health services. This investigation (N = 295) used Structural Equation Modeling to examine psychological distress and anticipated risks and benefits of disclosing emotions to a therapist as mediators of the relationship between the tendency to express emotions and participants' (a) attitudes toward seeking therapy and (b) willingness to seek therapy. The results demonstrated that (a) the relationship between emotional expression and attitudes was fully mediated by anticipated risks and benefits and (b) the relationship between emotional expression and willingness was fully mediated by attitudes and anticipated risks and benefits. Furthermore, 53% of the variance in attitudes and 41% of the variance in willingness was accounted for by the variables in the model.


Chih Li is a popular neoteric and educationist during the Ming Literature, and Mateo Ricci is the first people who imported the Western Literature. They are both the representative of the "Treatise of friends" from Chih Li has a big breakthrough meaning for the traditional ethic of china, that is the same with "Treatise on Making Friends" for Mateo Ricci.To talk about the reason of making friends, Chih Li accentuates the friends should help and support us and Mateo Ricci accentuates the friends must be help each others. One of them is assist-oriented, another is complement-oriented. Beside, to talk about the way to making friends, they both enjoy having many friends. Chih Li visits friends for long way and Mateo Ricci also like making friends for long trip. Moreover, to talk about the relationship, Chih Li think the friends just like his families, and Mateo Ricci think to treat friends just like to treat himself; they have similar opinion to the friends. In addition, to talk about the character of the friendship, they have the same thinking. The former think the first important thing is friendship and the latter think that can not lose friendship in the world. To arrange those opinions, they have many intercommunity. To comparative the traditional and their opinions, their "Treatise of friends" have advantage of literature.


This article examines and questions the nature of police immunity from claims for negligence in the investigation and suppression of crime, as stated by the House of Lords in Hill v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire. This issue has been discussed before the European Court of Human Rights in Osman v United Kingdom, where the court held that a blanket application of the immunity was contrary to art 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. This article will argue that this decision does not overturn the basic public policy principles for the immunity stated in Hill and that further examination of this area of law is required. It is submitted that if the law is considered in terms of proximity rather than in terms of public policy immunity, a clearer understanding of the principles underlying this area of law can be reached together with the desirable goal of removing the term 'immunity' from this area of law.


In the article the main techniques of garden therapy regarding formation and use of tourist and recreational potential of a botanical garden are analysed. Research problems included research of opportunities of techniques of garden therapy application for carrying out thematic excursions for different age groups of the population for a period of one up two weeks on condition of daily carrying out the corresponding trainings. At the moment methods of garden therapy are actively used for social rehabilitation of people with limited potentialities. It is defined that available methods of garden therapy allow to impart certain labor skills and to create the knowledge base, necessary in further life to children with limited potentialities.


properly punished. Acts of terrorism are crimes of lise-humaniti constituting an attack on human rights and fundamental freedoms, and when committed against diplomatic personnel, they also strike at the harmony of international relations. When faced with such a situation, subjective considerations become secondary, and the inconveniences of imprisonment suffered by an accused are necessarily reduced in significance.


FPGA-based acceleration of matrix operations is a promising solution in mobile systems. However, most related work focuses on a certain operation instead of a complete system. In this paper, we explore the possibility of integrating multiple matrix accelerators with a master processor and propose a universal floating-point matrix processor. The processor supports multiple matrix-matrix operations (Level 3 BLAS) and the matrix size is unlimited. The key component of the processor is a shared matrix cache which enables on-chip communication between different accelerators. This structure reduces the external memory bandwidth requirement and improves the overall performance. Considering the performance of the whole system, an asynchronous instruction execution mechanism is further proposed in the hardware-software interface so as to reduce the workload of the master processor. We demonstrate the system using a DE3 develop board and achieve a computing performance of about 19 GFLOPS. Experiments show the proposed processor achieves higher performance and energy efficiency than some state-of-the-art embedded processors including ARM cortex A9 and NIOS Il/f soft-core processor. The performance of the processor is even comparable to some desktop processors.


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly, and the outbreak was defined in mid-March 2020 as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Consequently, several strict containment measures have been adopted worldwide to reduce the diffusion of this virus. Because they are mandatory, they have imposed relevant changes in everyone's daily routine. Some subsets of the population may suffer from higher levels of stress, as in the case of pregnant women. Pregnancy represents a period in a woman's life during which deep transformations involve both body and mind. The current paucity of evidence regarding the consequences of infection during pregnancy, the uncertainty on how this pandemic will evolve, the loss of daily human contact, and the fear and anxiety for their own and their child's health expose these women to an increased level of stress. Beside the medical aspects, for which there is urgent need of further evidence,1 we should not forget to take care of the emotional states of mothers-to-be, with the aim to protect their children in the long-term. In fact, the influence of maternal prenatal experiences on the fetus is emerging as a promising field of research in maternal and child health.2 Several studies have shown that ancestral stress exposure during pregnancy is related to epigenetic changes, which may affect children's later-life health outcomes.3,4 This complex interplay suggests that the COVID-19 outbreak may have multiple, widespread, and long-term effects on a relevant number of the new generation of children, even if not directly exposed to the virus. We believe that providing preventive support and prompt interventions to women during their pregnancies is then particularly important during this pandemic emergency. Although timely and effective distance interventions are challenging, at this stage, multidisciplinary implementation of distance counseling and psychological monitoring should be encouraged. We are currently not aware of the consequences of this pandemic stress exposure on fetal development, and several questions still need to be addressed. In a future perspective, research on the epigenetic effects of the COVID-19 outbreak may contribute to the evaluation of the long-term and transgenerational effects of this pandemic on our society.


To understand tone and intonation in speech, we need to identify their functional components. To identify these components from the acoustic signal of speech, it is critical to recognize that they are not equivalent to any directly observable surface patterns. This is because, as will be argued in this paper, there are multiple degrees of separation between functional components of tone and intonation and the surface acoustic patterns. Three degrees of separation will be identified: articulatory implementation, target assignment and parallel encoding. As the multiple degrees of separation are being recognized, the link between the surface F0 patterns and the functional components of tone and intonation should become more transparent.


Preliminary While the number of computers in the classroom continues to increase and tremendous support for technology integration exists in government, business, and academia, a major discrepancy exists between the level of technology use that is expected from the educators and the actual use and integration of technology in the classroom. However, effective technology integration in early childhood education depends on an early childhood program's overall program goals and objectives, and the program's goals and objectives for each student. Also, it depends on how computers are incorporated into the early childhood curriculum (Haugland, 2000).


Timed automata is an abstraction that can provide a way of expressing timing delays when the behavior of a real time system is modeled. Then, for the verification of specifications and properties of the system model checking techniques can be used. In this work an attempt is made to model an on-line transaction processing system with timed automata. We describe a bank that has multiple branches with multiple tellers at each branch. The transactions represent the deposit or the withdrawal that a customer makes. Basically, it is the database management system of the bank information system that is modeled and its time response to various different scenarios of customer arrival rates at each teller machine is assessed as well as the transactions throughput that can be served at specific timing windows. Scenarios are based on dynamically increasing and decreasing of the on-going transactions per branch at a specified period of time. The operation of the considered information system generates different types of concurrent processes which are modeled by forming a multitude of timed automata communicating and synchronized between each other with channel variables. The system is modeled and verified using the real time model checker UPPAAL that provides the possibility to check our model for atomicity, consistency and durability. The results of this analysis and the experience in developing, simulating and verifying this model are presented and thoroughly discussed. M. Kourkouli, G. Hassapis, "Application of the timed automata abstraction to the performance evaluation of the architecture of a bank on-line transaction processing system", Proceedings of the 2nd South-East European Workshop on Formal Methods (SEEFM05), Ohrid, 18-19 Nov 2005, pp. 142-153. 142


It was studied that endurance of two new fishery drugs which are cypermethrin and avermetin to fries of Elopichthys bambusa.The results showed that:the 2 days old fries of E.bambusa were liberated in cypermethrin solution at two concentrations of 0.02 ml/m3 and 0.03 ml/m3,they swam and revolved madly after 5 min,they began to die after 40 min,all of them were died respectively after 1 h 40 min and 1 h 30 min.In the same cypermethrin solution,the 2 days old fries of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix began to die after 9 h,their rates of death were 8% and 56% respectively after 24 h.In the avermetin solution at two concentrations of 0.375 ml/m3 and 0.0525 ml/m3,2 days old fries of E.bambusa began to die after 1 h,their rate of death was 100% after 7 h.The endurance of cypermethrin and avermetin to fries of E.bambusa was inferiorest,therefore,the two drugs could not be applied in disease prevention and control of fry and fingerling of E.bambusa.


English imperialism has helped form the dominance of one-way communication from Native English Speakers (NESs) to English learners, resembled in the existing literature of international education and exchange education (i.e. study abroad programs). Such unbalanced foci in the ongoing scholarship of exchange programs, including Virtual Exchange (VE), do not equally represent the whole participating parties of collaboration and furthermore overlook the learning needs and achievements from NESs. Noticing such a gap in the scholarship, the author intended to explore what NESs and native speakers of more than English have taken away from a Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) project between a university in China and a Hispanic-Serving Institution in the U.S. Twenty-one U.S. students in a writing-as-processes course were asynchronously collaborated with 20 students in a reading-writing course in China over ten weeks. The COIL data of this case study was from U.S. students' reflections on the peer review giving and given and their COIL reflections. The qualitative findings revealed that Peer Feedback (PF) via COIL broadened participants' insight about contrastive rhetoric, English as pluralistic, and cross-cultural communication. The COIL project also offered multi-dimensional enrichment and promoted 21st century skills in general. The participants expected some form of continuous VE projects, similar to the current COIL project, in the subsequent semesters. Those findings implied practical considerations of how to further develop COIL – synchronous or/and asynchronous modes, multi-layered collaborations, individual and collective communication, and a balance among students' autonomy, technology support, and instructors' affordability of additional arrangements for details. The significance of the study lies in the fact that the findings would help mitigate and balance scholarly attention to students' takeaways from both participating parties.


Study the effect of different planting density and fertilization scheme on the yield and quality of the Smallanthus sanchifalius in Lueyang Area to provide theoretical foundation for high yield cultivation of this plant.We designed four planting densities and four fertilization schemes,respectively and make the statistic analysis on agrinomic traits,yield and main component contents.The planting density of 800 plants per 667m2 gave the best single plant yield,average root weight and the reducing sugar contents.The yield per 667m2 and the fructooligosaccharide content are 9.68% and 3.25% lower than that in the highest one,respectively.On the condition of using farm manure 2 000 kg per 667 m2,the single plant yield,yield per 667m2 and the average root mass are the best.The Fructooligosaccharide contents and reducing sugar contents account for 53.66% and 17.00% of dry root mass,respectively,which are the second in all treatments.Comprehensively,the best planting density is 800 plants per 667m2 and the best fertilization scheme is using 2 000 kg farm manure per 667m2 in Lueyang Area.


When my daughter Natasha was very small, she often arrived in my bed in the night. One morning she woke there, eyes big with excitement: "Mommy, I saw your dream!". The dream was mine, it seems, because it was in my bed. A charming mingling of the intentional contents of a representation with attributes of the vehicle of representation-something that we philosophers try hard to avoid. The possible forms of this confusion are numerous, however, and some are vanishingly subtle. Some, I believe, persist in the work of contemporary philosophers, philosophers explicitly aware of the danger. I will warm up by discussing a number of instances of this confusion in contemporary work on perception. But this will lead up, in the end, to a very abstract message about thought. I will claim that something like a mingling of vehicle with content motivates Frege's conception of Sinn or mode of presentation. Putting things very crudely, Frege has done something like confusing sameness in the vehicle of representation with a representation of sameness. For a starting intuition, compare Kant's suggestion in the Parallogisms that Hume had confused a succession of representations with a representation of succession. To clarify this claim about Frege, I will also have to take on the question what the act is that constitutes taking one thing to be the same as itself or another.


Background Acutely ill medical patients at risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) should receive VTE prophylaxis. However, factors perceived by physicians to increase patients' risk of bleeding may influence VTE prophylaxis practices. In this analysis from The International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE), we examined whether perceived risk factors for bleeding had a significant influence on physicians' prescribing of in-hospital prophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients.

Methods Patients aged ≥18 years and hospitalized ≥3 days with an acute medical illness have been enrolled consecutively since July 2002. Risk factors considered were: severe renal failure, known bleeding disorder, hemorrhagic stroke, thrombocytopenia, bacterial endocarditis, active gastroduodenal ulcer, NSAID use, hepatic failure, age, immobility and alcoholism. Factors associated with different prescription rates of prophylaxis compared with rates in patients without these factors were identified and included in a multiple logistic regression model (significance at p<0.05).

Results Up to 31 March 2005, 6946 patients were enrolled in 49 hospitals in 12 countries. Pharmacologic prophylaxis was received by 42%, 25%, 16%, and 14% of patients with a platelet count at admission >100, 50–100, 20–50 and <20x109/L, respectively (p<0.0001), and 43%, 39%, 30% and 32% of patients with none, 1, 2 and 3 risk factors for bleeding (p<0.0001). Factors independently associated with a lower/higher prescription rate of heparin-based prophylaxis compared with the risk in patients without these factors are shown in the Table.

Conclusions The likelihood that hospitalized acutely ill medical patients receive in-hospital pharmacologic prophylaxis decreases as their platelet count at admission decreases, or their cumulative number of perceived risk factors for bleeding increases. Further studies are needed to determine whether the changes in prophylaxis practices observed in this study are justified.

| Factor | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval |
|:-------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------- |
| Age (per 10-year increase) | 1.19 | 1.66–1.22 |
| Immobility (per 10-day increase) | 1.03 | 1.02–1.05 |
| Alcoholism | 0.62 | 0.46–0.83 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 0.60 | 0.48–0.74 |
| Active duodenal ulcer | 0.36 | 0.26–0.52 |
| Hepatic failure | 0.34 | 0.21–0.54 |

Table.
Factors Independently Associated with a Higher/lower Rate of Heparin-based VTE Prophylaxis


In order to develop an 11-deoxycortisol enzyme immunoassay applicable to metyrapone tests, the specificity obtainable with various assay systems has been investigated. Four 11-deoxycortisol derivatives possessing different bridges at C-4 were covalently linked to β-galactosidase to give enzyme-labeled antigens. The anti-11-deoxycortisol antisera used were those elicited in rabbits by immunization with the conjugates of these haptenic derivatives with bovine serum albumin. Enzyme immunoassays were carried out with the homologous and bridge heterologous combinations between antiserum and enzyme-labeled steroid. The specificity of these assay systems was assessed by measuring the amount of 11-deoxycortisol in human plasma specimens, and by comparison of the results with those of radioimmunoassay. The assay employing the antiserum and enzyme-labeled antigen which were prepared by the use of 4-(carboxymethylthio)-11-deoxycortisol was found to be relatively specific. The cross-reactivities in this assay were tested with six kinds of closely related steroids. The selective blocking of less specific antibodies present in the antiserum was also examined. It was found that the addition of cortisol to the antiserum resulted in improvement of the specificity. The enzyme immunoassay thus developed was reasonably specific and sensitive.


SUMMARY The results are reported of two experiments made on a silt loam soil over chalk on downland in southern England. Three primary tillage treatments (ploughing, deep or shallow tine cultivation) were compared with direct drilling for their effects on the growth of spring barley during the years 1969–74 and winter wheat during 1974–8. No significant differences in barley population density or early growth were recorded. In the first 2 years more grain was produced on the shallow tined and direct-drilled plots than on those that were ploughed, but the differences did not persist into subsequent years. The mean yield of each treatment over the 4 years did not differ. Significant differences in population density and winter mortality of wheat occurred but these were not consistently associated with differences in yield. In this crop also the mean yields of the cultivation treatments over the 4 years were not significantly different. It is concluded that choice of primary tillage system on this chalk downland soil was not a significant factor in the production of either spring barley or winter wheat.


Subsequent to Feltham and Ohlson 1995 and Ohlson 1995, the accounting literature has published a large numbers of papers on accounting data and value.1 A review of this literature reveals that many themes and insights recur across the papers. With the advantage of hindsight, the repetitions seem inefficient. A student who takes a stab at familiarizing herself with subject matter naturally tends to view such a state of affairs as less than ideal. Questions like "What is it that I really need to understand?" or "Taken in its totality, what ideas and results make the literature tick?" arise. This paper addresses the essence of such questions. It states the central results as eight simple formal propositions. Because all the propositions are freestanding, they can, at least in principle, be internalized independently of each other. But the sequencing is in fact relevant because it introduces step-by-step increasingly sophisticated concepts. The concepts build upon each other; the propositions' analytical simplicity should, therefore, not be taken as a sign that they are conceptually simplistic. Much discussion follows the propositions to spell out their broader significance. And the paper approaches this task always maintaining the texture of accounting: the central variables are earnings, book values, and dividends. The paper does not digress on proofs and finer analytical points. These aspects are of little interest, which is another way of saying that the paper focuses squarely on analytical constructs/representations and how these fit together. Nor does this paper elaborate on the extent to which the literature has already dealt with the results or insights. There is no question that most, if not all, results have had some kind of presence and thus lack novelty. That said, such cataloguing and related discussion would have been long and tedious without facilitating a better understanding of the insights I wish to convey. Aside from trying to systemize the literature, and thereby making it more accessible to the average reader, the paper also has a more ambitious objective. It goes to the heart of subject matter: the exposition should give the reader the sense that all pieces and insights interrelate logically and conceptually. In other words, the task at hand is to go beyond a listing of useful results (though this should hopefully be the case, too), and instead give a sense of how the various pieces coalesce into a whole. The development of such a coherent mental map allows the reader to think of the broad literature in an integrated fashion, rather than as consisting of loosely connected, or even competing, models that primarily differ in their empirical


We propose a novel space-division based network-coding scheme for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-way relay channels (TWRCs), in which two multi-antenna users exchange information via a multi-antenna relay. In the proposed scheme, the overall signal space at the relay is divided into two subspaces. In one subspace, the spatial streams of the two users have nearly orthogonal directions, and are completely decoded at the relay. In the other subspace, the signal directions of the two users are nearly parallel, and linear functions of the spatial streams are computed at the relay, following the principle of physical-layer network coding (PNC). Based on the recovered messages and message-functions, the relay generates and forwards network-coded messages to the two users. We show that, at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the proposed scheme with optimized precoding achieves the asymptotic sum-rate capacity of MIMO TWRCs within 1/2 log(5/4) ≈ 0.161 bit per user-antenna, for any antenna configuration and any channel realization.


This paper probes into the important significance of the people-based concept on the construction of the library from two aspects of library's management and library's service,and puts forward some suggestions on establishing the people-based management mechanism and service concept.


Our arrival in Changzhou in late Au- gust was the start of a roller-coaster ride.The stability and peace of a few days always gave away to the stress and frustration of the days after, only to return once again to calm in the following days.Adjusting to the local conditions is proved dif- ficult,and even now,after living in China for a year, negativity still arises in response to certain behav-


The gas-phase spontaneous and acetic acid-catalysed additions of water to keten have been studied kinetically in the range 224–324 °C. The uncatalysed addition is heterogeneous, with an apparent activation energy of 10·7 kJ mol–1, and is inhibited by acetic acid. The catalysed reaction is homogeneous and first order in all three reactants, k= 104·34 exp (–20,500/RT) l2 mol–2 s–1. The activation parameters agree with those calculated from the back reaction and equilibrium constant.


The composite material MoAlxSi2-x (C40) /Al2O3 forms a protective aluminium oxide at low dewpoints and oxygen partial pressures at temperatures up to 1575°C. The material is available as a heating element for high temperature laboratory and industrial furnaces under the trade name Kanthal Super ER. The oxidation and corrosion properties of this material were investigated in air, dry nitrogen and hydrogen atmospheres and in a vacuum at temperatures up to 1575°C under worst case conditions, i.e. with the protective oxide removed. It was concluded that the material has considerably lower rate of low temperature oxidation than MoSi2 and that the oxidation rate is parabolic at high temperatures in air. In both hydrogen and nitrogen atmospheres at Dp -40°C a protective and adherent oxide was formed. Under vacuum conditions the limit for the formation of a protective oxide was 10 -2 mbar at 1575°C.


Ionizing radiation (IR) is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) based on epidemiologic studies. With increasing interest in exploring outer space, astronauts on prolonged space missions such as a mission to Mars will be exposed to IR doses that are expected to heighten the risk of CRC. Sources of space radiation beyond Earth9s magnetosphere are galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) and solar particle event (SPE) and about 90% of the IR in outer space is energetic protons, which are more damaging than photon radiations such as γ-rays. While astronauts on deep-space missions are estimated to receive ~250 μGy/day of proton, radiation dose during SPE could reach up to ~2 Gy behind shielding. However, the risk of CRC after energetic proton radiation is not yet fully defined due to lack of human or animal model data. Limitations in obtaining adequate human data mandate that in vivo mechanistic data for CRC risk estimates be obtained using animal models and surrogate biologic and molecular end points relevant to human disease process. The purpose of the current study was to quantitatively and qualitatively compare and characterize differences in intestinal tumorigenesis between acute and fractionated proton irradiation in APCMin/+ mice, a well-established mouse model for human CRC. Mice were exposed to 1.88 Gy of proton radiation delivered in a single fraction or in 4 equal daily fractions (0.47 Gy x 4). Since proton dose to astronauts is variable based on space environment, in this initial study we chose a high single dose and a low daily dose pattern to assess intestinal tumorigenesis. Intestinal tumor frequency and grade were noted, and tumor and normal tissue samples were collected from irradiated and control mice euthanized 100 to 110 days after radiation exposure. Molecular analysis was focused on DNA damage, genomic instability, specific epigenetic changes and mutation analysis, and cellular proliferative signaling pathways relevant to CRC using immunoblots, immunohistochemistry, and PCR. Relative to control and fractionated protons, there was significantly higher intestinal tumor frequency and grade after acute proton irradiation. At the molecular level our data showed increased DNA damage and DNA double-strand breaks, decreased genomic stability, and upregulation of proliferative β-catenin and Akt signaling after acute proton exposure. Since increased DNA damage was not associated with concomitant increased apoptosis and there was increased microsatellite instability, our data are suggestive of continued proliferation of cells bearing sublethal damages. Mutational analysis showed significantly more tumors had higher overall mutation frequency and increased p53 hot spot mutations after acute relative to fractionated proton exposure. In fractionated proton groups, tumor frequency and grade as well as molecular changes were statistically comparable to control groups. When considered along with higher mutational frequency and altered promoter methylation of key CRC-related genes in tumor adjacent normal tissues, our data are suggestive of marked differences in carcinogenesis of acute vs. fractionated proton radiation with higher tumorigenic effects associated with acute exposures. Citation Format: Shubhankar Suman, Bo-Hyun Moon, Albert J. Fornace, Jr., Kamal Datta. Intestinal tumorigenesis in APCMin/+ mice was higher after acute relative to fractionated proton radiation: Implications for space radiation-induced colorectal carcinogenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Modeling Cancer in Mice: Technology, Biology, and Beyond; 2017 Sep 24-27; Orlando, Florida. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A25.


This report provides an overview of the Greek debt crisis; outlines the major causes of the crisis, focusing on both domestic and international factors; examines how Greece, the Eurozone members, and the IMF have responded to the crisis; and highlights the broader implications of Greece's debt crisis, including for the United States.


Advances in information and telecommunication technology have brought about new opportunities and capabilities to the delivery of health care services, but these are not without limitations and threats. Telemedicine encompasses my medical activity involving an element of distance and telecommunication in doctor-patients interaction. it may serve as a valuable tool for providing much needed medical services to underserved rural areas in resource poor countries. It allows better utilization of scare medical personnel and resources and promise to enhance continued medical education of young doctors, nurses and other health care practitioners in rural areas, both in training and in established practices. A practical, cheap, "store and forward, electronic mail-based communication may be used to send patients data with image file attachments for expert consultation any where in the world. Issues of major concern in telemedicine are related to security and confidentially of patient data. The cost of establishing telemedicine in resource poor countries must be balanced against need for drugs, medical equipment central control. There is need for national and international central control bodies to license and supervise telemedicine practices. This paper reviews aspects of telemedicine including its clinical applications, cost effectiveness and limitations. NQJHM Vol. 13 (3-4) 2003: pp. 58-61


Background Regular sports or physical training contributes in increasing the body's pulmonary function. The increase of pulmonary function is determined by the strength of respiratory muscle, thoracic compliance, upper respiratory system resistance, and pulmonary elasticity.
Objective To compare pulmonary function between athletes and non-athletes aged 13-15 years.
Methods This is a cross-sectional analytical study conducted onnior high school students aged 13-15 years throughout June to August 2017. Participants are classified as athletes from particular sports and non-athletes. Assessment of pulmonary function was done using a spirometry test, in which each subject was asked to inhale and exhale in a particular method. Parameters assessed include vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced expiratory flow (FEF) and FEV1/FVC. Differences in lung function between athletes and non-athletes were analyzed using independent T-test.
Results There were 60 athletes and 60 non-athletes included in this study. The mean age of athletes and non-athletes were 13.38 (SD 0.99) years old and 13.70 (SD 0.76) years old, respectively. The statistically significant differences in mean lung function parameters between athletes and non-athletes were as follows: VC: 85.03% vs. 79.41%, respectively (P=0.035); FVC: 95.66% vs. 88.43%, respectively (P=0.016); FEV1: 102.10% vs. 94.28%, respectively (P=0.016); and FEV1/FVC: 105.95% vs. 102.69%, respectively (P=0.011). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the means of FEF 25-75% between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusions Parameters of lung function in athletes are in general significantly higher than in non-athletes.


The requirements of mechanized tunnelling and shafting techniques within this newly developing field, namely the excavation of Nuclear Waste Repositories, will challenge the designers to meet and exceed goals that have not yet been encountered. Even though there are great similarities in tunneling to the traditional mining techniques, such as drill and blast, there are such great differences between methods that no real comparison between mechanized excavation and mining can be made.


IEEE 802.16e allows for flexibly defining the relation of the downlink and uplink sub-frames' width from 3:1 to 1:1, respectively. However, the determination of the most suitable ratio is left open to the network designers and the research community. Existing scheduling and mapping schemes are inflexibly designed. In this paper, a novel adaptive mapping scheme is proposed aiming to dynamically adjust the downlink-to-uplink ratio, following adequately the modification of the load requests with respect to both downlink and uplink directions. A learning automaton is exploited in order to sense the performance of the downlink and uplink mapping processes and to determine the most appropriate length ratio of both sub-frames in order to maximize the network performance. The suggested ratio determination scheme is evaluated through realistic scenarios and it is compared with static schemes that maintain a fixed ratio. The results show that our proposed scheme introduces considerable improvement, increasing the network's service ratio and reducing the bandwidth waste.


This PhD thesis describes the use of optical measurement techniques, namely Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), in the study of the water impact of rigid and deformable structures.


A major share of the electricity consumption in buildings is caused by the lighting installation. In contrast to other consumers of electricity, the components for lighting are distributed over the entire building. Therefore, measuring the electric energy spent for lighting with the appropriate level of detail is a very costly endeavor. In order to mitigate the underlying problem, we developed the LightMon system which correlates light switching events obtained from a Building Automation Network (BAN) with power measurements on the mains distribution level. Combining both sources of information allows our system to estimate the electricity consumption for each light individually with an estimation error below 11.34%. The system adapts automatically by observing switching events and their effects on the power consumption. This adaptation occurs during normal building operation without explicit training phase. In addition to the above mentioned characteristics, the system can be deployed in most buildings with commercial use. The LightMon system facilitates comprehensive information gathering on the electricity consumption of buildings, enabling advanced energy optimizations.


Features of microcirculation in a mucous membrane of an alveolar shoot of the top jaw and adaptable possibilities of vascular system of an orthopedic bed at patients with a total absence of a teeth are investigated.


The Symposium aims to present selected results from a large
research performed in Switzerland, Germany, France, the Czech
Republic and Poland. The results show the distinction between
Perceived Hope, Dispositional Hope and Optimism comparing
German and French speaking samples. The study also revealed
that Poles are less satisfied with life in comparison to Czech,
German, and Swiss samples. Three factors (affect, engagement
and meaning in life) account for 62% variation of life
satisfaction in Germany, 54% in Switzerland, 56% in Poland, and
51% in Czechia. In these countries different factors boost life
satisfaction. In Czechia it is affect, in Switzerland activity
and thinking about goal and ways to reach it, in Germany and in
Poland the same effect have two factors: activity directed to
goal and meaning in life.


John Hinshaw explains how accuracy and precision for a specific methodology can be expected to vary from one laboratory or operator to another and takes a closer look at statistical analysis as a diagnostic tool.


In this essay, Professor Darrell Miller responds to Professor Gregory Magarian's criticism of the manner in which judges, advocates, and scholars have used the First Amendment to frame Second Amendment interpretive questions.


— Furrow irrigation is considered to be inefficient when compared to most pressurized irrigation systems. The objective of this research was to determine if different furrow shapes have different impacts on water management practices such as application efficiency, deep percolation ratio and tail water runoff. Three furrow shapes, a triangular (V-shaped), rectangular (R) and trapezoidal (T p ) shaped were evaluated and the results were compared with output from SIRMOD II. The parameters calculated from field data were not very different from those determined by the model. This indicated that the model predicted the volume balance of the field data with reasonable accuracy. It was observed that the time of advance was shorter for the triangular shaped furrow and much longer for the rectangular shaped furrow. Performance efficiency parameters were good for the trapezoidal and triangular shaped furrows and very poor for the rectangular furrow. Tail water ratio (TWR) was much higher in the triangular furrow and lower in the rectangular furrow. Where there was no deep percolation ratio, the model failed to return a reasonable value. parameters; application efficiency (AE), requirement efficiency (RE), requirement distribution efficiency (RDE), and total distribution efficiency (TDE) and the design or management variables for furrow irrigation. The analysis of performance indices by Assefa et al, (2017), on furrow irrigation in sugarcane indicated that the effect of slope was not statistically significant except distribution uniformity and uniformity coefficient; furrow length and flow rate were highly significant on all performance indicators. All indices except deep percolation ratio and storage efficiency had shown an increasing trend as flow rate increases. In furrow irrigation in clayey soil, Eldeiry et al . (2004) found that furrow length and application discharge are the main management and design parameters affecting application efficiency. Alazba (1999) noted that furrow performance relies on many irrigation parameters that include furrow geometry (shape, size, length, and slope); soil characteristics (infiltration and roughness); and management parameters (flow rate, application time, and required depth).


The fabricationof artificial nanochannels is becominga focus of attentionbecause, comparedwith theirbiological counterparts, they offer flexibility in terms of shape, size, and surface properties for real-world applications. At present, there are several approaches to building single nanochannels (nanopores), such as ion-beam sculpting of Si3N4 membranes, [3] Si/ SiO2 membrane shrinking in transmission electron microscopy, electrochemical etching of glass membranes, and chemical etching of single-track polymer membranes. Because the nanochannel is small enough for interactions between the channel surface and chemical species in the solution, the chemical modification of the nanochannel surface confers great flexibility in developing functional nanochannel materials. Even though several solution methods of coating nanochannels with functional molecules, which enable the size and ion-transport properties of the nanochannels to be easily tuned, have been developed during the past few years, how to endow nanochannels with asymmetric chemical properties is still a challenging task. The chemical properties and chemical modification of artificialnanochannels arecritical components in theadvance of smart functional nanochannels that are tunable by ambient stimuli, such as specific ions, applied force, light, pH, and compression. Recently, the ionic-current rectification of a single nanochannel prepared by the ion-track-etching technique has been studied in comparison with the properties of various ion channels. In those studies, the surface properties of the nanochannel wall are significant for the


The history of the development of solid state devices for nuclear radiation detection is traced from the crystal counter to the latest semiconductor detectors. The physical processes which are involved in the detector are then outlined, and the features which are desirable are discussed. Some commonly used procedures for detector fabrication are described, and attention is drawn to certain problems which remain. Finally, some recent and novel applications of these detectors are briefly described.


The paper aims at understanding the development of concept of separation of power in India, with marked difference from the development of this concept in US and UK. The Main emphasis is on separation of power as understood in the context of Indian Constitution, its application in a liberal sense and the importance of this doctrine.


The acid catalyzed hydrolysis of bis (ethyl acetoacetato) zirconium diisopropoxide [(etac)2Zr(OPri)2; EZP] in methanol followed by concentration of the reaction mixture gave a polyzirconoxane (PZO) solution which showed excellent spinnability and very remarkable stability to self-condensation as not to gel for more than one year. A 3.0mol% Y2O3-containing solution (Y-PZO) was prepared by addition of tris (acethyl acetonato) yttrium [Y(acac)3] to PZO solution without changing spinnability and stability. Dry spinning of the Y-PZO solution provided continuous pale yellow precursor fibers of 10-30μm diameter with circular or ellipsoidal cross sections, Continuous ZrO2-Y2O3 fibers of 10-13μm diameter with a tensile strength of about 1 GPa were obtained by sintering precursor fibers at 1200°C (2°C/min) for 1h after steam treatment.


Despite the recent developments in gesture-driven technologies facilitating multi-touch and mid-air gesture recognition, there has been little formal user evaluation and analysis of these systems for in-vehicle interfaces. Mid-air gesture-based interfaces can provide a less cumbersome in-vehicle interface for safer driving. Recent developments in gesture-driven technologies have facilitated multi-touch and mid-air gesture recognition. However, for in-vehicle interfaces, research needs to be conducted on the most efficient gesture vocabulary for performing secondary tasks. Following the Interaction Design process user requirements need to be explored, followed by evaluation of characteristics and functions. Then, the outcomes of user evaluation study can be used to develop an efficient in-vehicle gestural interface.


The influence of tank mixes of a protectant with regulators and microfertilizer on shoots, the crop structure and spring wheat productivity of Irgina variety is considered. The protectant combinations of Vintsit Forte (1 l/t) with Tenso-Cocktail microfertilizer (200 g/t) and the regulators Rostock (0.5 l/t) and Emistim (1 ml/t) were tested during the experience. The experience scheme: 1) without processing of seeds (control in 2010-2011); 2) Vintsit Forte (control in 2009); 3) Vintsit Forte + Tenso-Cocktail; 4) Vintsit Forte + Rostok; 5) Vintsit Forte + Emistim; 6) Vintsit Forte + Tenso-Cocktail + Rostok; 7) Vintsit Forte + Tenso-Cocktail + Emistim. On a spring-sown field after the application of Vintsit Forte protectant the length of shoots decreased in two years by 21.5 % on the average. An application of regulators in a tank mix allowed to remove negative action of a protectant on a sprouts' length which increased at the application of Rostock preparation by 30.4 %, and when Emistim preparation was applied by 12.8 %. Besides, Rostock raised a number of plants by 49.5 % in comparison with a protectant. For years of researches only the Rostock preparation showed a stable effect on the productivity of a spring-sown field when added to the protectant. The preparation increases a number and mass of grains per ear. After three years of researches it has increased the productivity on 6 c/hectare on the average. The addition of Tenso-Cocktail microfertilizer in a tank mix at a seed sterilization had an ambiguous impact on a spring-sown field. Under favorable weather conditions it increased productivity on 4 c/hectare, in droughty conditions the productivity lowered by 5 c/hectare. The Emistim preparation in a tank mix in three years on the average had no essential positive effect on a spring-sown field. Thus, the addition of Rostock regulator in a protectant turns out to be an effective agroprocessing method.


An improved technique for the measurement of electric dipole moments is described. The dipole moments of 1-alkyl-4-t-butylpiperazines indicate that the axial–equatorial conformational equilibria for N-methyl and N-ethyl groups is predominantly in favour of the conformer with axial lone pair and equatorial alkyl group.


Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease; it is the most frequently reported infectious disease in the United States (12). Humans are the natural host of the etiological agent, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which usually causes uncomplicated infections of mucous membranes of the urethra, cervix, rectum, or pharynx (24). Under certain conditions, the organism may disseminate and cause complicated infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease or disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) (24). Although the incidence of reported gonococcal infections in the United States has decreased over the past 10 years to approximately 375 cases per 100,000 population, the incidence of infections caused by antimicrobial resistant strains has increased (13). With the recent development of typing techniques, it has been possible to characterize strains of N. gonorrhoeae phenotypically, determine epidemiological correlates of their pathogenicity and antimicrobial susceptibilities, and devise and evaluate strategies to control outbreaks of gonorrhea caused by specific strains. Previously, we have reviewed the applications of phenotypic characterization of N. gonorrhoeae strains to studies of reinfection versus treatment failure, coinfection, and forensic investigations; These will not be covered below (34). This review will discuss the methods used to characterize gonococcal isolates and their application to describe strain populations and determine epidemiological correlates of gonococcal infections. The bibliography for this review is extensive but selective and provides key references that will guide the reader to additional readings in this subject.


May 2015 Anger and Depression After you've had time to understand the implications of the diagnosis, you may get angry and depressed at the same time. This is the next phase of moving toward an acknowledgment that changes are occurring. This isn't an easy phase to move through—not for you, and not for those close to you. But it is necessary, and as long as you know you're going through it, go through it with your eyes open.


This thesis illustrates the regional equilibrium demand in Chinese rural credit market and discusses the restraints caused by deconnection of supply and demand,including low profit in market,customers as weak group,compulsory transform of rural financial system,information asymmetry and infavorable finan- cial ecological environment.Then,it predicts the demand potential of rural credit aiming at improving the rural investment and benefit environment and points out the solution to equilibrium is to construct a re- gional credit supply system suitable for rural economic demand and to create an efficient systematic eco- environment.


The paper shows that the basic soil erosion characteristics is non-runoff sediment produc-tion in the form of frozen-melting and weathering in the soft rock region after the analysis on observed datum. The core power of sediment transportation is the strand flow caused by rainstorm runoff. And the gravity and wind force just accelerate the non-runoff sediment production. But the human activity damages the slope land. The proportion of frost and weathering soil erosion is respectively 76.1%, 17. 5% and 6. 4% in the upper, middle and lower reaches of a small watershed. This proved that the key soil erosion place is in the gully head section. The proportion of top slope land area, gully slope land and gully bed occupies 22%, 75% and 3% separately. Sediment production on gully slope land takes 90% of the total sediment production. This shows the key sediment production place is gully slope land. Aiming at the sediment production law in the region, the experiment proves that the shrub of seabuckthorn can be used as a frame material for sediment retention in the mini-gullies in the soft rock region. The paper has given a definite physical graph. By combining with warping dam, the flex-ible dam can size coarse and fine sediment, overflow and recovery ecology in the region. So the com-prehensive function will be aroused.


Based on critical transdisciplinary research methodology, this paper analyses the role of academic community in the network society and shows that, in this specific context, small evolutionary steps are more efficient than revolution. Based on responsibility of each individual for own actions, it develops the Freirean model of the role of academic community in the network society. The developed model starts from conscientization, and develops into a series of steps that make a never ending circle very similar to Freire's codifications and decodifications. It reminds that the role of academic community in the network society is directly associated with the question what kind of world we would like to live in. Following Freire's idea that all education is political, it calls for active personal development and social engagement for achieving personal ideals. In this way, the paper replaces pessimism contained in contemporary critiques of global education with moderately optimistic academic direct action.


In the medium of phosphoric acid,the decoloring reaction of arsenazoⅢ oxidized by KIO_4 could be remarkably catalyzed by Cu?.Based on the experimental results,a new method for the determination of trace copper? by the catalytic kinetic spectrophotometry was estabalished and the kinetic conditions about the new reaction were investigated.The results showed that the catalytic reaction was a quasi-zero-order reaction.The apparent rate constant was 1.08×10~(-3)·s~(-1),and the activation energy of the reaction was 100.1 kJ·mol~(-1).The linear range of the determination was 1.2×10~(-7)-1.0×10~(-4) g·L~(-1) and detection limit was 9.5×10~(-8)g·L~(-1) for copper?.The method is simple,rapid,and sensitive.The method has been used to the determination trace copper in steel and water with satisfactory results.


To simplify the calculation of group theoretical features of vibrational spectra of molecules with the symmetry D5d, tables and formulas have been given for a complete system of irreducible real representations and the complete system of irreducible characters. Furthermore the irreducible components of compositions of irreducible representations have been calculated, since the compositions represent the sym- metry of exited vibrational levels. Explicite formulas for the determination of the number of normal vibrations of each species, the symmetry types of the components of the electric dipole moment and the electric polarizability tensor are given. To correlate the vibrational spectra of D5d molecules and their isotopic derivatives tables connecting the symmetry species of D5d and the subgroups of D5d are collected.


In this paper, we introduce a model-checking-based certification technique called search-carrying code (SCC). SCC is an adaptation of the principles of proof-carrying code, in which program certification is reduced to checking a provided safety proof. In SCC, program certification is an efficient re-examination of a program's state space. A code producer, who offers a program for use, provides a search script that encodes a search of the program's state space. A code consumer, who wants to certify that the program fits her needs, uses the search script to direct how a model checker searches the program's state space. Basic SCC achieves slight reductions in certification time, but it can be optimized in two important ways. (1) When a program comes from a trusted source, SCC certification can forgo authenticating the provided search script and instead optimize for speed of certification. (2) The search script can be partitioned into multiple partial certification tasks of roughly equal size, which can be performed in parallel. Using parallel model checking, we reduce the certification times by a factor of up to n, for n processors. When certifying a program from a trusted source, we reduce the certification times by a factor of up to 5n, for n processors.


The modeling analysis of the Breast International Group 1 – 98 (BIG1-98) trial presented by Puglia et al. ( 1 ) provides an important impetus to further studies of tamoxifen pharmacogenetics. However, it is important to note that their analysis focused solely on the CYP2D6*4 allele. Although CYP2D6*4 is the allele most frequently associated with poor tamoxifen metabolizer status among whites, other alleles, including *3, *5, and *6, are also relatively common in this population ( 2 ). In addition, alleles associated with intermediate metabolizer status, including *41, are known to contribute to tamoxifen response ( 3 ) and should be considered in future analyses and, potentially, in diagnostic tests provided in the clinical setting. Breast cancer is also a clinically significant health problem in nonwhite populations ( 4 ). However, the major breast cancer adjuvant and chemoprevention trials are predominantly composed of white participants and so cannot address the relevance of CYP2D6 variation to tamoxifen response in other ethnic groups. Importantly, the major alleles associated with reduced CYP2D6 activity in Asians and Africans are CYP2D6*10 and CYP2D6 * 17 , respectively. A recent study of 152 Chinese breast cancer patients who received tamoxifen ( 5 ) reported statistically significantly worse disease-free survival for CYP2D6*10 homozygous patients compared to individuals heterozygous or wild type for this allele (hazard ratio of recurrence = 4.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.1 to 20.0; P = .04). A smaller study from Japan ( 6 ) reported a 16-fold increased risk of cancer recurrence in CYP2D6*10 homo zygotes ( P = .006) compared with those homozygous for the wild-type allele during 10 years of follow up. Therefore, it is vital that the relevant alleles are considered and that appropriately powered studies are conducted across different ethnic groups to establish the value of CYP2D6 genotyping before initiating tamoxifen therapy. We concur with the recent statement by the Consortium on Breast Cancer Pharmacogenomics (COBRA) concerning CYP2D6 genotype testing for breast cancer patients who are considering tamoxifen therapy ( 7 ) that such testing may not always be applicable and that "rigorous validation [of Punglia et al. ' s results] is critical before widespread adoption." The alternative adjuvant drug class of choice, the aromatase inhibitors, carries risks and may not always be an appropriate alternative to tamoxifen, even for postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER) – positive tumors. We also agree with COBRA that results of pharmacogenetic studies of archived samples from the large randomized trials of tamoxifen vs the aromatase inhibitors anastrozole (the Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone, or in Combination (ATAC) or letrozole (BIG1-98) trials will provide clear evidence regarding the role of CYP2D6 genotyping in the adjuvant tamoxifen setting ( 7 ). Likewise, retrospective analysis of breast cancer chemoprevention trials, such as the International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS) and the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR), will establish the value of tamoxifen in the prophylactic setting. Yet, we believe that the current evidence — taking into consideration the new Asian studies — is already strong enough to warrant an ethical obligation for physicians to inform their postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer patients about the availability and implications of CYP2D6 genetic testing when deciding between tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant setting. Patients have the inherent right to know about developments in medicine that may affect the clinical management of their cancer and allow them to take informed treatment decisions where alternative strategies are available.


A positive integer n is called simple number if the product of its proper divisors is less than or equal to n.Using the elementary method to study the properties of multiplicative function gd(n) and gφ(n) on simple numbers,and two asymptotic formulas are obtained,which enrich the study of arithmetical function and the properties of simple numbers.


Various types of electromagnetic shielding structures for specific frequency band have been reported in recent years. A gasket-free electromagnetic shielding structure using folded quarter-wavelength substrate integrated waveguide (FQ-SIW) resonators for 2.4-GHz band is one of them. In the structure, SIW resonators of different resonant frequencies in 2.4-GHz band are cascaded and positioned on inner walls of a gap. The structure is almost free of deterioration since contact-type gaskets are not used. In this paper, a gasket-free electromagnetic shielding structure for 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz bands using cascaded dual-behavior (DB) SIW resonators is proposed and evaluated. A DB-SIW resonator consists of two FQ-SIW resonators sharing one coupling slot and has two almost-independent resonant frequencies in the two bands. The design results showed attenuation characteristics at the two bands, and the configuration was miniaturized by 4% compared with conventional cascaded FQ-SIW resonators. Shielding effectiveness (SE) was also evaluated, and the measured results showed more than 20-dB improvement of SE near the two bands, though frequency shifts were observed.


Human emotion is the way how human express anything from themselves. We can extract many informations from a human emotion alone like temper and health condition. Due to in Indonesia, people usually don't visit doctor just to seeing their own face condition. We can use a computer vision task to do so. This paper is aim to train a computer vision model that can recognize a human face emotion. Inspired by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) that capable of doing image classification, we proposed our own designed multiple CNN classification model with different layer settings to do facial expression recognition. Next we applied the model on the FER2013 dataset. The best training accuracy achieved by the second model in 92.40% accuracy and the best validation accuracy achieved by third model in 67.43% accuracy.


Abstract Alumina Xerogels were prepared using Aluminium isopropoxide. Some physical and mechanical properties were measured. Presence of nanosized particles and chemical polymerization resulted in transparency, lack of ordered structure and large surface area in the transition phases of alumina. In spite of porosity, the indentation hardness could be measured owing to the smooth surface. The properties could be related to the microstructure.


In order to solve the problem of low efficiency of path planning of robot manipulator in high-dimensional joint space, and to further improve the smoothness of motion of the robotic system during the movement, the trajectory planning algorithm is explored and the path planning algorithm is improved of the six-degree-of-freedom robot manipulators system based on Personal Robotics (P-Rob). The trajectory planning simulation experiments of the robot manipulators system were implemented using joint space and Cartesian space trajectory planning, and the trajectory planning method suitable for the P-Rob system was explored. The path planning of the robot manipulators was optimized using the improved fast-expanding random tree algorithm, and the improved path planning algorithm was confirmed to be more efficient through Matlab simulation analysis. Finally, experiments were conducted on the actual P-Rob model, and the experimental results showed the practicality and efficiency of using the motion planning algorithm designed in this paper for a robot manipulators system of the same structure.


The problem of "the rural areas,agriculture and the peasants" is not only a difficult subject affecting China's modernization course but also a major economic,political and social problem.China's problem of "the rural areas,agriculture and the peasants" is more serious and more difficult to be solved as compared with the same problem of other countries due to its specific national condition.Thus,it is an urgent research subject at present to have a profound exploration into the way to solve this problem.


Differences of letter usage are the most basic differences between different languages, which can reflect the most essential diversity. Many linguists study the letter differences between common languages, but seldom research those between non-common languages. This paper selects three representative languages from the Indonesian branch of the Austronesian language family, namely Malay, Indonesian and Filipino. To study the letter differences between these three languages and English, we concentrate on word length distribution, letter frequency distribution, commonly used letter pairs, commonly used letter trigrams, and ranked letter frequency distribution. The results show that great differences do exist between three Indonesian-branch languages and English, and the differences between Malay and Indonesian are the smallest.


Abstract By the use of ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) combined with immunohistochemical techniques, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ was mapped in the developing gonads and reproductive tracts of male and female mice from fetal day 14 to postnatal day 26 (PND 26). This study was designed to determine the pattern of expression of both ER subtypes in specific tissue compartments during development. In ovaries, ERα mRNA was detected at all ages examined; ERβ mRNA was seen as early as PND 1, and its expression increased with age. Immunolocalization showed ERβ in differentiating granulosa cells of the ovary, whereas ERα was predominantly seen in interstitial cells. The remainder of the female reproductive tract showed ERα mRNA at all ages examined with little or no significant levels of ERβ, except on PND 1 when a low level of message appeared. In males, ERα and ERβ mRNA were detected in the fetal testis; however, ERβ gradually increased until PND 5 and subsequently diminished to undetectable levels by PND 26. Immunolocalization showed ERα in the interstitial compartment of the testis, whereas ERβ was seen predominantly in developing spermatogonia. The remainder of the male reproductive tract showed varying amounts of both receptors by RPA and immunostaining throughout development. These studies provide information useful in studying the role of both ER subtypes in normal differentiation, and they provide indications of differential tissue expression during development.


Recent developments in stratospheric chemistry such as the observation of a springtime "ozone hole" over the Antarctic1, have illustrated the need for a rugged, lightweight instrument for the determination of lower stratospheric ozone profiles over remote areas. Variations of the widely-used UV-DIAL methodology2 appear to provide the most promising approach to the development of such and instrument.


Fractional differential equations (FDEs) nowadays are being explored for a wide range of applications in applied sciences, for example, in biology, engineering, fluid mechanics, viscoelasticity, electrochemistry, physics, etc. It is known that differential equations of integer orders often fail to capture many physical phenomena that depend on previous time history. This issue is tackled by different researchers by making use of FDEs instead of their integer order counterparts. In this work, we consider one such system of FDEs arising in biology. We discuss the qualitative analysis of this model, followed by derivation and analysis of a robust numerical method to solve this system. Some descriptive numerical results will be presented at the conference.


The storm in question followed a long track. It crossed the coast near Puri on the morning of 22 August 1957 and finally broke up over the Kashmir Himalayas on 26 August 1957. Under its influence, heavy to very heavy rain occurred in the central parts of the country, the West Coast, coastal Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan, the Punjab (I) and Jammu and Kashmir. According to press reports the Kashmir Valley from Anantnag to Sepore - a 75 mile stretch was completely under water excepting the small areas comprising the city of Srinagar and some neighbouring villages. The Godavari near Bhadrachalam and the Narbada near Indore were in high spate, dislocating rail and road traffic in those areas. The river Ravi was also in spate threatening the city of Amritsar.


The 20-MeV linac at EGG that is, the same time-of-flight neutron spectrum was measured by both detectors. This is a new and convenient application of the linac time-of-flight technique for measuring the neutron response and efficiencies of organic scintillators.


Email of the presenting author: firstname.lastname@example.com Some insect pests are able to adapt to presence of plant defense compounds. Is important understands these adaptive mechanisms in order to design effectives strategies of pest control. The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest in Brazil, attacking several crops of economic importance, as such corn and cotton. The adaptive mechanism of the fall armyworm against plant protease inhibitors is triggered by transcription of resistant trypsins, but the physiological role and location these enzymes are unknown. In this work, we used immunofluorescence techniques to investigate the presence and spatial location of Entada acaciifolia trypsin inhibitor (EATI) in S. frugiperda larval tissues to elucidate details about this phenomenon. Different tissues from larvae chronically fed with EATI were separated, rinsed and analyzed by western blot: midgut, gut epithelial membrane, fat body, Malpighian tubules, hemolymph and frass. For immunofluorescence studies, these larvae were euthanized in cold heptane, frozen in liquid nitrogen, embedded in Tissue Tek and sectioned at 8 μm in a cryostat. Sections were washed in BSA 1% and primary antibody anti-EATI was applied in 1:200 concentration overnight, washed again in PBS and incubated with secondary fluorescent antibody (1:300) in the dark for 1 hour. Fluorescent stain DAPI (1:1000) was then applied for 5 minutes. Images were acquired with microscope Eclipse (Nikon) and camera Coolsnap (Media Cybernetics). Western blot detected EATI in frass, midgut and gut epithelium. The immunofluorescence studies showed the presence of the inhibitor in the gut lumen, along the peritrophic membrane, on the surface of the gut epithelium and minority in fat body. With exception of fat body, the presence of EATI in others compartments follows the spatial location of digestive enzymes, especially trypsins. The digestive process in S. frugiperda involves the secretion of enzyme vesicles by a microaprocrine process. These vesicles are solubilized in the lumen, releasing active enzymes. In regards to trypsin secretion, a fraction these enzymes remains incorporated into the peritrophic membrane, with an unclear participation on digestive process. We suggest that the S. frugiperda mechanism to bypass the effects of protease inhibitors involves the immobilization of sensitive trypsins into peritrophic membrane associated with the release of soluble resistant enzymes into lumen.


This book is intended for professionals interested in research and those who develop and build the Internet of Things (IoT) end systems. This book equally serves as a reference of context for any reader crossing among the components of IoT whether in software, hardware, networks, or security. Covers some of the following topics: physical principles and information; historical perspective of IoT; applications and architectures of machine-to-machine communications (M2M); device communication; IoT solutions; hardware support; software development, and network security. With the imminence of a greater and more connected world, we are approaching another wave of revolution in connectedness. Just as the use of the Internet came as a surprise, IoT will no doubt be the same in how it affects and presents novel ways in how we interact with each other, our machines, and our world. This book could be viewed as presenting the reader with the technical "bones" of IoT so that he/she may lay flesh on them by discerning how and why the pieces ought to fit together.


Bleomycin (BLM) is a cytostatic antibiotic used for several malignancies, in particular Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, and testicular cancers. It is often part of chemotherapy protocols with other cytostatic drugs and/or radiation therapy. We present the case of a 17 year old patient diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma, nodular sclerosis variant, which, at about 6 months after the last cycle bleomycin-including chemotherapy associated with radiation therapy, showed flagellate dermatitis, a adverse effects associated with bleomycin therapy, whose pathogenetic mechanism is not yet completely clarified.


Starting from the discussion of Jan De Maeyer and Hendrik Moeys's paper, this brief essay aims to underscore some issues about Toniolo's international networks. His intellectual framework was international from the very beginning, but real European contacts emerged later. Toniolo's image abroad as a social organizer of Italian catholic movement was stronger than the scholarly one. Also the Italian special condition after "non expedit" mattered: his mediation about a Christian democracy non-political concept was widely misunderstood, with a partial exception in France. More original was the last Toniolo's plea for working on a Christian international law, during the First World War.


In this paper we give a characterization for the set of
periods for a class
of skew-products that we can see as deterministic systems driven by some stochastic
process. This class coincides with a set of skew product
maps from $\Sigma_N \times \mathbb S^1$ into
itself, where $\Sigma_N$ is the space of the
bi-infinite sequences on $N$ symbols and $\mathbb S^1$ is the
unit circle.


Objective:To evaluate the image quality and radiation dose for patients with heart rate(HR) below 65 beats per minnute(bpm) with prospective electrocardiogram(ECG)-triggering using 320-detector CT scanner. Methods:A total of 241 patients suspected or known coronary artery disease,who underwent coronary CT angiography using 320-detector CT scanner,were assigned three groups:group A(122 cases) with HR65 bpm;group B(62 cases),with HR from 65 to 80 bpm;and group C(57 cases) with HR≥80 bpm.Following data acquisition,dataset with best phase were transferred to a workstation for further processing by means of VR,MPR,CPR.Based on 4-point likert scale,image quality was scored and categorized.Chi-square test was made for grade of image quality.Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to compare radiation dose.Results:Significant difference was found for good and excellent image quality among three groups(x2=87.46,P0.05).No significant difference was found for the rate of assessable image.(x2=3.99,P0.05).A sum of five segments of coronary artery were found not to be assessable.The effective dose of group A,B and C was on average(3.79±2.32) mSv,(11.60±5.05) mSv and(16.52±6.36) mSv,a significant difference showed in them(x2=149.11,P0.05).A significant difference was found between group A and B,A and C,B and C(Z=-11.39,-8.47,-4.32,P0.017).Conclusion:Image quality is excellent and low radiation dose,which can be achieved for patients with HR65 bpm using 320-detector CT scanner.


This paper presents the economical operation strategy to extend the lifespan of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and achieve the maximum profits of BESS under an uncertainty of wind power. The economical operation strategy considers the optimal charge/discharge schedule of BESS with battery physical constraints, a probabilistic wind power forecast, local grid codes and electricity trading prices. In Jeju Smart Grid pilot project, 855kWh Lithium-polymer and 250 kWh LiFePO4 type BESSs were applied for smoothing intermittent wind power and relieving a peak electricity load. After Energy Management System (EMS) collects various data from wind turbine, Battery Management System (BMS), Power Conditioning System (PCS), a connected grid, electricity market and weather forecast center, it decides the charge/discharge schedule of BESS and the best bid price in electricity market. Experimental results are then presented to meet the required performance and quantify the expected profits in terms of the life expectancy of BESS.


The chemical structure of the two condensation products of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) with the precursors of the mono-pyrrole homologues of distamycin and with the mono and tri-pyrrole homologues of congocidine were established. The two products isolated were proven to be condensation products between 4-aminopyrrole derivatives and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC).


According to the fire characteristics of building fire, the paper employed AHP (analytic hierarchy process) to establish building fire risk assessment system, including categories of factories, hotels, malls, schools and public amenities, based on the using properties of buildings. Meanwhile, the questionnaires and the cluster analysis were proposed to calculate the experts' weight coefficient, and then the index weight values in the five systems were computed. The system not only can make the government, the public and the unit knows the fire safety situation, but also can provide gist for insurance.