The Turbulence and Aerosol Research Dynamic Interrogation System (TARDIS) is an optical sensing system that is based on dynamically changing the range between the collecting sensor and Rayleigh beacon during a static period of relatively unchanging turbulence-induced wavefront perturbations. In the past, obtaining measurement-based estimates of the turbulence strength profile from TARDIS was based around collating segmented refractive index structure parameter, Cn2 values traced to specific layers of the atmosphere. These values were developed from Fried parameter segments, which were deduced from differential tilt variance measurements from neighboring subapertures on the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. In this work, we will exploit the crossings between the sensing paths from the different beacon locations (during a static period) to the wavefront sensor subapertures to derive turbulence profiles along the path. The differential tilt variance between a pair of subapertures due to a pair of beacons at two different ranges in a crossed sensing path configuration has a unique turbulence weighting function associated with it which depends on the geometry of the beacons and the subapertures. By using these unique path weighting functions along with the corresponding measured differential tilt variances for all configurations where the sensing paths cross, Cn2 profiles along the path can be constructed. The derivation of the weighting functions will be discussed and derived profiles will be compared to measurements from other profiling instruments such as MZA's DELTA-Sky and to numerical weather prediction models.


The quantitative determination of porosity and saturation distributions in porous media using unclear magnetic resonance imaging techniques is addressed. A method based on multiple image acquisitions with extrapolation within a model of transverse relaxation was investigated for new experimental situations. The determination of saturation was validated with limestone and sandstone samples. Experimental evidence for dependencies of transverse relaxation and linewidth on saturation is discussed, as well as their impact on image resolution and quantitation. An automatic production measurement device for independent verification of average saturations during dynamic experiments is investigated.


Privacy and freedom issues in cyber security with reference to IT law takes on important new meaning in cyberspace. Privacy and freedom of expression is said to be universally known for any individual's fundamental right. But when we talk about these right in terms of cyber space, meaning comes out to be very different. Our constitution have various laws regarding this, how these laws plays different role when evaluated online and offline privacy and freedom of expression. This comes to be true when the source of the information is outside the jurisdiction of those endeavoring to control speech. Cyber world is both informational and interactive with lots of autonomy. As everything is available on internet which people do for their personal convenience including personal details, professional details, bank details, and even private keys of individuals. All these information can lead to a serious privacy risk. Along with that how much private data of an individual should be accessible to government. Also, Hate speech on internet, or speech designed to target, oppress or incite hatred or violence against a person or group based on cast, creed, race, religion, nationality, gender, sexual orientation, disability or other group characteristic, do not get effected by locations, time and boundaries. Due to the freely available internet services worldwide, incidents of profane talk has become known throughout the world within seconds and can cause serious repercussion. India presently does not have any specific legislation governing data protection or privacy especially in IT law. However, as per Article-21 which gives right to privacy and Section19A which deals with freedom of expression under The Constitution of Indian but still there working is not actively involved when it comes under cybercrime. Although India has come up with IT Act, 2000 and the subsequent amendment to it in 2008 yet it is not able to cover the complete boundaries of cybercrimes, like a very crucial issue of right to privacy. This only shows the imbalance between age old procedure adopted in India and the advancement which Indian society has made. The session focuses on the dynamics of cyber world with respect of privacy concerns and freedom issues with special reference to cyber laws of countries like India, European Nations and United States of America. The problem of how to reconcile all the conflicting claims arising out of the issues of privacy in the context of Internet exposure and the right to freedom of speech. The paper will raise all these issues and discuss the legal implications on the intrusion of the freedom of speech along with some case studies on privacy intrusion.


Because of the rapid development of wireless sensor network, it widely applied in all areas of life, in-depth study of the technology will also explore the potential application of more in-depth. The main research of WSN technology in some environment in the real world information acquisition and processing technology, it realizes the intercommunication of the real world and the Internet world, opened the human WSN network era. WSN network through the digital world com. Human concepts inherent information world and explore the objective facts, from the inquiry from change the people and things in nature, the data are the basic objects interactively; the sensor node has sensing effect in direct contact with the objective environment, continuously enhance the practical function of virtual networks, but also increase the capacity of human understanding of the objective world; through the real-time sensing and found the state change monitoring target, at the same time the collection of data processing, the processing of useful information through the wireless transmission mode is transmitted to a data collection center or client. It will make the development and wide application in various fields of social life are more intelligent and modernization. Although its development still in an immature stage, Tan of many problems still has not obtained the very good solution, research work on WSN is far from over. In this paper the concept and system structure of wireless sensor network analysis began to design, application system based on wireless sensor network monitoring farmland use temperature and humidity ZigBee as an example to study the development process of application system for wireless sensor networks. Copyright © 2013 IFSA.


In the title salt, (C25H21FP)2[Ni(C4N2S2)2], the NiII ion lies on an inversion centre and the [Ni(mnt)2]2− anion (mnt is maleonitriledithiolate) exhibits a square-planar coordination geometry. The (3-fluorobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium cation adopts a conformation in which the four aromatic rings are twisted with respect to the plane including the P atom and the two C atoms linking it to the 3-fluorobenzyl ring. A weak C—H⋯N hydrogen bond and a C—H⋯π interaction stabilize the crystal structure.


NEUD tested the breathing effort and susceptibility to freeze-up of two models of Sherwood SCUBA regulators, the Blizzard and the Maximus. Both regulators were teated in -2% (28F) salt water, at depths to 6O.7 mew (19F few). Five examples of each model were tested. The probability of regulator failure was computed from the number of cold induced incidents, and the time to failure for each incident. Under these rigorous conditions, the probability of failure for the Sherwood Blizzard was approximately half that of the Maximus. Furthermore, the Blizzard's breathing effort was consistently lower than the Maximus, especially at low supply pressures. The Sherwood Blizzard should be adequate for dives of up to 40 min duration in sea water temperature to 28F. Deeper than 100 few, only moderate work (RMV no greater than 40 L-min) should be accomplished.


Preliminary study demonstrates the technical viability of the cold spray process as an alternate repair method to address corrosion and erosion issues for aircraft components. However, being a relatively new coating process, the effect of spray angle on the properties of the coatings needs to be better understood. As aircraft components that are cold sprayed usually come in complex shapes and sizes, it is difficult to ensure that the spray angle is consistently normal to the surface of the component. As such, the effect of the spray angle on the microhardness, tensile adhesion strength, and microstructure was examined. Results indicated that the effect of off-normal spraying has minimal impact on tensile adhesion strength and a positive effect on the microhardness of the coating. Furthermore, the relative coating efficiency of the cold spray process at various spray angles was also evaluated. Significant detrimental impact on the relative coating deposition efficiency was observed for spray angles smaller than 60°.


In this study, we investigated the low-frequency noise in SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with and without a selectively implanted collector (SIC). By comparing the magnitude of 1/ f noise, collector current, and current gains of the SiGe HBTs with and without SIC, we show that the impurities at the collector produced by the incomplete activation of the implanted ions cause an increase in the collector current 1/ f noise spectrum. Thus, SiGe HBT with SIC exhibits higher collector noise current spectra due to the inactive ions in the collector. The figures-of-merit of noise corner frequency ( fC) to cutoff frequency ratio ( fT), fC/ fT, indicates that the SiGe HBT without SIC has a better low-frequency noise property for circuit application prior to the fT roll-off. Furthermore, at the onset of high injection effect, the conspicuous degradation of high-frequency properties also deteriorates the fC/ fT ratio of SiGe HBT without SIC.


[The structure of gland filters of the pyloric stomach of Penaeus monodon and Metapenaeus ensis has been investigated by scanning electron microscope. A pair of elaborate gland filters (ampullae) are situated in the ventral pyloric stomach of Penaeus monodon. Each is composed of a lower and an upper ampullary half. The gland filter is an oblong and flattened, ampulla-like structure which has a narrow lumen between the lower and upper halves. The internal surface of the lower ampullary half consists of chitinous sheets on which very dense and fine, lower ampullary setae are arranged in networks. The overlapping, staggered arrangement of the chitinous sheets makes the internal surface of the lower half striated in appearance. A narrow lower ampullary channel formed between two adjacent chitinous sheets connects with a longitudinal groove. The fine food particles which pass through the lower ampullary channels and grooves converge at the ventroposterior end of the lower ampullary half. The flat, long, upper ampullary setae borne on the internal surface of the upper half are arranged in regular rows. The lower ampullary setae almost abut against the upper ampullary setae. The structure of the gland filters of Metapenaeus ensis is basically similar to that of Penaeus monodon. La structure des filtres glandulaires de l'estomac pylorique de Penaeus monodon et de Metapenaeus ensis a ete etudiee au microscope electronique a balayage. Une paire de filtres glandulaires elabores (ampullae) sont situees ventralement dans l'estomac pylorique de Penaeus monodon. Chacune est composee de deux moities ampullaires, l'une superieure, l'autre inferieure. Le filtre glandulaire est une structure oblongue et aplatie, en forme d'ampoule, qui presente une etroite lumiere entre les moities superieure et inferieure. La surface interne de la motie inferieure consiste en feuillets chitineux sur lesquelles des soies ampullaires inferieures, tres denses et tres fines, sont arrangees en reseau. L'arrangement etage, a recouvrement, de ces feuillets donne a la moitie inferieure un aspect strie. Un etroit canal ampullaire inferieur forme entre deux feuillets chitineux est connecte a un sillon longitudinal. Les fines particules alimentaires qui passent a travers les canaux ampullaires inferieurs convergent a l'extremite ventroposterieure de la moitie inferieure. Les soies ampullaires superieures, longues et plates, implantees sur la surface interne de la moitie superieure, sont disposees en rangees regulieres. Les soies ampullaires inferieures sont presque en contact avec les soies ampullaires superieures. La structure des filtres glandulaires de Metapenaeus ensis est fondamentalement semblable a celle de Penaeus monodon., The structure of gland filters of the pyloric stomach of Penaeus monodon and Metapenaeus ensis has been investigated by scanning electron microscope. A pair of elaborate gland filters (ampullae) are situated in the ventral pyloric stomach of Penaeus monodon. Each is composed of a lower and an upper ampullary half. The gland filter is an oblong and flattened, ampulla-like structure which has a narrow lumen between the lower and upper halves. The internal surface of the lower ampullary half consists of chitinous sheets on which very dense and fine, lower ampullary setae are arranged in networks. The overlapping, staggered arrangement of the chitinous sheets makes the internal surface of the lower half striated in appearance. A narrow lower ampullary channel formed between two adjacent chitinous sheets connects with a longitudinal groove. The fine food particles which pass through the lower ampullary channels and grooves converge at the ventroposterior end of the lower ampullary half. The flat, long, upper ampullary setae borne on the internal surface of the upper half are arranged in regular rows. The lower ampullary setae almost abut against the upper ampullary setae. The structure of the gland filters of Metapenaeus ensis is basically similar to that of Penaeus monodon. La structure des filtres glandulaires de l'estomac pylorique de Penaeus monodon et de Metapenaeus ensis a ete etudiee au microscope electronique a balayage. Une paire de filtres glandulaires elabores (ampullae) sont situees ventralement dans l'estomac pylorique de Penaeus monodon. Chacune est composee de deux moities ampullaires, l'une superieure, l'autre inferieure. Le filtre glandulaire est une structure oblongue et aplatie, en forme d'ampoule, qui presente une etroite lumiere entre les moities superieure et inferieure. La surface interne de la motie inferieure consiste en feuillets chitineux sur lesquelles des soies ampullaires inferieures, tres denses et tres fines, sont arrangees en reseau. L'arrangement etage, a recouvrement, de ces feuillets donne a la moitie inferieure un aspect strie. Un etroit canal ampullaire inferieur forme entre deux feuillets chitineux est connecte a un sillon longitudinal. Les fines particules alimentaires qui passent a travers les canaux ampullaires inferieurs convergent a l'extremite ventroposterieure de la moitie inferieure. Les soies ampullaires superieures, longues et plates, implantees sur la surface interne de la moitie superieure, sont disposees en rangees regulieres. Les soies ampullaires inferieures sont presque en contact avec les soies ampullaires superieures. La structure des filtres glandulaires de Metapenaeus ensis est fondamentalement semblable a celle de Penaeus monodon.]


As Pope Francis begins his fourth year in office, questions are inevitably raised, as to whether the changes that he has brought to the Catholic Church will last beyond his time in office. For some the questioning is hopeful; for others, it is anxious.


Within the framework of traditional economic approaches that incline the researcher's attention to the ordering of systems, it is difficult to track and adequately assess the turbulent changes in the environment in the conditions of transformation of almost all spheres of the economy. The way out of this cognitive trap is possible in applying the tools of the ecosystem approach, which considers economic relations within a set of ecosystems as extra-organizational, self-organized forms of conducting commercial and social (non-commercial) entrepreneurship. A hierarchy of models of innovative ecosystems is proposed for scientific and practical analysis of the phenomenon under consideration and for developing recommendations for the formation of necessary conditions for the development of ecosystem relations. The combinatorics of environmental factors and internal structure allows us to construct a significant set of ecosystem models.


The invention relates to a locking device. The locking device comprises a housing; a locking hook which can pivotally reach to and leave from a locking hook locking position is installed in the housing; a locking slider for locking the locking hook is arranged in the housing and is provided with a first tail end, wherein the first tail end of the locking slider presses against a radial surface of the locking hook and the locking slider can slide backwards and forwards along a first direction parallel to a locking hook pivoting surface with pivoting of the locking hook thereby reaching to and leaving from a locking slider locking position; and a slider locking device for locking the locking slider is arranged in the housing, wherein the slider locking device can slide backwards and forwards along a second direction with backward and forward sliding of the locking slider long the first direction and the second direction intersects with the locking hook pivoting surface. The invention also relates to the equipment for installing the locking device.


Objective:To probe the relationship between fractional anisotropy(FA) and functional changes of sciatic nerve in rabbit after crush injury.Methods:Sciatic nerve crush injury models of 32 New Zealand rabbits were established and randomly divided into 8 groups,4 rabbits in each group.DTI scans were performed 24h,4 days,8 days,2 weeks,4 weeks,6 weeks,8 weeks and 10 weeks after injury accordingly,and 4 normal rabbits were scaned as pre-injury group.FAs of sciatic nerve distal to the injury site were measured and compared.Quantitative assessments of functional recovery including toe spreading reflex and modified Tarlov score were performed before each MR scan,Sum of the two scores was calculated as the nerve function score.Results:FA of distal injured nerve dropped 24h after injury(P0.01);FA dropped significantly 4 days after injury(P=0.000);6 weeks after injury,FA increased significantly(P=0.000);FA remained lower than pre-injury group 10 weeks after injury(P0.01).FA changes after injury showed a similar time course as functional recovery.FA of the sciatic nerve distal to the injured site showed a positive correlation with the nerve function score(r=0.898,P0.01).Conclusion:FA value can be used to monitor functional recovery of peripheral nerves after crush injury.


Mu opioid receptor (MOR) is involved in various brain functions, such as pain modulation, reward processing, and addictive behaviors, and mediates the main pharmacologic effects of morphine and other opioid compounds. To gain genetic access to MOR‐expressing cells, and to study physiological and pathological roles of MOR signaling, we generated a MOR‐CreER knock‐in mouse line, in which the stop codon of the Oprm1 gene was replaced by a DNA fragment encoding a T2A peptide and tamoxifen (Tm)‐inducible Cre recombinase. We show that the MOR‐CreER allele undergoes Tm‐dependent recombination in a discrete subtype of neurons that express MOR in the adult nervous system, including the olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, striosome compartments in the striatum, hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus, interpeduncular nucleus, superior and inferior colliculi, periaqueductal gray, parabrachial nuclei, cochlear nucleus, raphe nuclei, pontine and medullary reticular formation, ambiguus nucleus, solitary nucleus, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia. The MOR‐CreER mouse line combined with a Cre‐dependent adeno‐associated virus vector enables robust gene manipulation in the MOR‐enriched striosomes. Furthermore, Tm treatment during prenatal development effectively induces Cre‐mediated recombination. Thus, the MOR‐CreER mouse is a powerful tool to study MOR‐expressing cells with conditional gene manipulation in developing and mature neural tissues.


Abstract In this article, the reliability of a system is discussed when both the strength of the system and the stress imposed on it are independent, non identical Burr Type III distributed random variables. Different methods for estimating the reliability are applied. The point estimators obtained are maximum likelihood, uniformly minimum variance unbiased, and Bayesian estimators based on conjugate and non informative prior distributions. A comparison of the estimates obtained is performed. Interval estimators of the reliability are also discussed.


The principal transfer of energy from protons to a medium involves a two stage process: (1) energy loss by the protons in ionizations and excitations and (2) the subsequent absorption of this energy which is largely transmitted by {) radiation. In the case of uncharged particles, one distinguishes between kerma (the energy transferred to charged particles) and the absorbed dose. In the case of charged particles, the distinction is between cema and absorbed dose. For protons of energy E and fiuence CP, the cema is given by


The largest carbon stock in tropical vegetation is in Brazilian Amazonia. In this ~5 million km2 area, over 750 000 km2 of forest and ~240 000 km2 of nonforest vegetation types had been cleared through 2013. We estimate current carbon stocks and cumulative gross carbon loss from clearing of premodern vegetation in Brazil's 'Legal Amazonia' and 'Amazonia biome' regions. Biomass of 'premodern' vegetation (prior to major increases in disturbance beginning in the 1970s) was estimated by matching vegetation classes mapped at a scale of 1 : 250 000 and 29 biomass means from 41 published studies for vegetation types classified as forest (2317 1‐ha plots) and as either nonforest or contact zones (1830 plots and subplots of varied size). Total biomass (above and below‐ground, dry weight) underwent a gross reduction of 18.3% in Legal Amazonia (13.1 Pg C) and 16.7% in the Amazonia biome (11.2 Pg C) through 2013, excluding carbon loss from the effects of fragmentation, selective logging, fires, mortality induced by recent droughts and clearing of forest regrowth. In spite of the loss of carbon from clearing, large amounts of carbon were stored in stands of remaining vegetation in 2013, equivalent to 149 Mg C ha−1 when weighted by the total area covered by each vegetation type in Legal Amazonia. Native vegetation in Legal Amazonia in 2013 originally contained 58.6 Pg C, while that in the Amazonia biome contained 56 Pg C. Emissions per unit area from clearing could potentially be larger in the future because previously cleared areas were mainly covered by vegetation with lower mean biomass than the remaining vegetation. Estimates of original biomass are essential for estimating losses to forest degradation. This study offers estimates of cumulative biomass loss, as well as estimates of premodern carbon stocks that have not been represented in recent estimates of deforestation impacts.


A noninvasive monitoring method for brain edema based on near infrared photoelectric detection technology is proposed.The measurement principles and system composition of the monitoring instrument are studied.The light source of the instrument is 760 nm and 850 nm dual-wavelength LED,which is driven by constant current source module.The light signal,scattered from the tissue,is detected by OPT101.Then the signal is processed by phase-locked amplifier and filter circuit.The filtered data are sampled by data acquisition card and processed in the LabVIEW environment in computer.The proposed system can monitor the changes in the brain of hemoglobin on real time.The system is used to monitor the changes of light intensity and blood oxygen content of the model of brain edema in mouse.The relationship between the changes of light intensity and oxygen parameters and brain edema is studied.The experimental results show that the near infrared photoelectric detection technology can be used as the noninvasive monitoring method for brain edema.


Rabies is a preventable zoonotic disease, which is being reported in more than 150 nations and territories, with the majority of the affected people are from rural & poor socioeconomic status1. Even though, various animals have been identified, dogs remain the most common source of disease-specific death rates & transmission of almost 99% of all cases1. However, owing to the fatal nature of the disease and expensive nature of the post-exposure prophylaxis, especially in the developing nations, it is of immense importance to minimize the incidence of the disease1.


1 Introduction The previous chapter considered the foundations of EU administrative law, and this chapter addresses the principal challenges that it faces, some of which are horizontal, in the sense of internal to the regime of EU administrative law, while others are vertical in nature, flowing from the interplay between EU law and national administrative law or global administrative law. The discussion begins with the caseload problems that beset the EU courts. In the past the discourse on this issue has been directed principally towards the ECJ, with concerns about its capacity to cope with the increase in the number of preliminary references. More recently it has been the General Court that has been most problematic in this regard, which is of particular importance for EU administrative law given that it has jurisdiction over direct actions for judicial review. The sources of the caseload problem are examined, the implications that this has for EU administrative law are explored and the proposed solutions are scrutinized. The discussion then turns to process and the challenges that EU administrative law faces in this regard. The EU courts have achieved much in this area, especially in relation to process rights that relate to individualized adjudication. Their jurisprudence crafted on general principles of law and fundamental rights has ensured protection for the right to be heard and the more general rights of the defence. The EU courts have, however, faced difficulties flowing from initiatives to tackle terrorism post-9/11, more especially in the form of legal challenges to asset-freezing orders imposed by the EU pursuant to decisions made by the UN. The infirmities of due process at the UN level prompted legal challenges to the EU regulations. This in turn has forced the courts to articulate how the right to be heard can be balanced against the needs of security. The remainder of the discussion on process considers the possibility of a general law or set of model rules on administrative procedure, which would be applicable not merely to individualized adjudication, but also to rule making, public contracts, mutual assistance between national administrations, and data transfers. It will be argued that model rules of this nature are desirable and that concerns about such a development are misplaced.


This paper will describe the use of embedded die technologies for various application fields. The main focus of the paper will be the development work within the European funded project EmPower, which concentrates on power electronic applications. Here, three different power levels are of interest: 50W single die packages with fast rectifier diodes 500W power modules for electric bicycle application 50kW power modules for HEV and EV application All three application fields are based on a similar concept. The so called power core provides the base for the package/module. This power core contains the embedded semiconductor(s) and is manufactured using printed circuit board processing on a large panel format of 18 by 24 inches. Electrical contacts to the embedded dies are made by laser drilled micro vias and copper filling. A major advantage of such a direct copper contact, compared to the conventionally used wire bond, is its high reliability and the improved electrical performance. By the reduction of the ...


Global Positioning System (GPS) is unavailable in underwater environments, causing many challenges for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) navigation. Currently, state estimation techniques such as Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) are typical AUV navigation methods performing multi-sensor data fusion to obtain AUV pose estimations. However, the state estimation-based AUV navigation method will inevitably introduce the state estimation errors, which will affect the AUV positioning accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Position Correction Model (PCM) for AUV Navigation based on sequential learning-assisted state estimation. We build a deep neural network that transforms AUV trajectory estimation into a sequential learning problem. The constructed deep network learns the relationship between the state estimation predicted position sequence and the true position to capture the AUV motion trend and reduce the adverse effects of multi-errors on AUV navigation.


Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) display immunosuppressive properties in vitro and the potential has also been transferred successfully to clinical trials for treatment of autoimmune diseases. OX-2 (CD200), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is widely expressed in several tissues and has recently been found from hMSCs. The CD200 receptor (CD200R) occurs only in myeloid-lineage cells. The CD200-CD200R is involved in down-regulation of several immune cells, especially macrophages. The present study on 20 hMSC lines shows that the CD200 expression pattern varied from high (CD200Hi) to medium (CD200Me) and low (CD200Lo) in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC) lines, whereas umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCBMSCs) were constantly negative for CD200. The role of the CD200-CD200R axis in BMMSCs mediated immunosuppression was studied using THP-1 human macrophages. Interestingly, hMSCs showed greater inhibition of TNF-a secretion in co-cultures with IFN-c primed THP-1 macrophages when compared to LPS activated cells. The ability of CD200Hi BMMSCs to suppress TNF-a secretion from IFN-c stimulated THP-1 macrophages was significantly greater when compared to CD200Lo whereas UCBMSCs did not significantly reduce TNF-a secretion. The interference of CD200 binding to the CD200R by anti-CD200 antibody weakened the capability of BMMSCs to inhibit TNF-a secretion from IFN-c activated THP-1 macrophages. This study clearly demonstrated that the efficiency of BMMSCs to suppress TNF-a secretion of THP-1 macrophages was dependent on the type of stimulus. Moreover, the CD200-CD200r axis could have a previously unidentified role in the BMMSC mediated immunosuppression. Citation: Pietilä M, Lehtonen S, Tuovinen E, Lähteenmäki K, Laitinen S, et al. (2012) CD200 Positive Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress TNF-Alpha Secretion from CD200 Receptor Positive Macrophage-Like Cells. PLoS ONE 7(2): e31671. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031671 Editor: Rodrigo Alexandre Panepucci, Hemocentro de Ribeirão Preto, HC-FMRP-USP., Brazil Received September 27, 2011; Accepted January 11, 2012; Published February 20, 2012 Copyright: 2012 Pietilä et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This study was funded by the Academy of Finland (Grant: 122561) and by the Finnish Medical Association. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: email@example.com


In a more competitive news market, television media must compete with quicker forms of mass communication. While the internet has favored an approach based on breadth, television has been left to capitalize on depth. In order to retain ratings, news programming has adopted a more stylized, narrative approach in constructing news stories. However, as television media continues to force news events into narrative form, journalism ethics are increasingly called into question. This paper will explore the development, reasons, and merits of narrative media; ultimately, it will underscore the negative effects of the manipulation of the style as well as its impact on journalism ethics. Additionally, several primary sources will be analyzed to serve as examples of manipulated media. Ultimately, the paper will question narrative form in news; are viewers being entertained or are ethics being ignored?


As today's companies are growing their international reach, its managers increasingly need to manage teams overseas. The United States and Sweden have extensive trade and as American companies are ...


This paper presents a method for the simulation and analysis of alternative reactive power market arrangements based on combined reactive power capacity and energy payments. The value of reactive power support, in terms of both capability and utilisation, of each particular generator is quantified using a developed security constrained reactive optimal power flow. The relative competitiveness of participating generators is also assessed for a spectrum of arrangements between a reactive capacity and a reactive utilisation based market. Also, the conflicting objectives of the system operator, as a purchaser of reactive power service, and generators, as suppliers of the services, are analysed.


Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) and Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) have emerged as promising candidates for the next generation access network techniques. MCC offers resource limited mobile devices to offload computationally intensive tasks to the cloud, while C-RAN offers a technology that addresses increasing mobile traffic. In this paper, we propose a protocol that allows task offloading and managing resources in both C-RAN and mobile cloud together using a centralised controller. Experiments on resource management using cloud auto-scaling shows that resource (CPU, RAM, Storage) scaling times vary.


Considering the conflict of PAPR and OBP reductions in OFDM systems,a new method based on subcarrier weighting was proposed for the joint reduction.The symbols on subcarriers were multiplied by optimal weighting vector to reduce PAPR and OBP jointly,and an improved GA was used to calculate the optimal weighting vector for lower complexity.It was more effective in spectrum utility and did not need any transmission of side information.Furthermore,with trade-off parameter,it offered more flexibility to control the reduction by changing the relative weighting of the two optimization criteria.The simulation results indicate that,compared with a system that performs two separate optimization steps,the proposed method can significantly enhance the amount of PAPR and OBP reduction with lower computation complexity.It is simple to implement,which makes it very practical.


This article examines culture and heritage protection and tourism development status in China. The background of cultural heritage tourism development is first introduced and then the risk of loss of unique and nonrenewable cultural heritage assets, and community benefits and all the stakeholders' interest associated with the cultural heritage tourism are discussed. In the literature review of Chinese cultural heritage tourism development, topics examined include the analysis of protection systems, construction of the legal and management system, and the involvement of capital, theory, technology, talent and public in academic studies. Chinese cultural heritage tourism research has been focused on topics such as the study of folk houses, ancient cities, but the examination of tourism attractions is comparatively lacking. There are a number of studies on the internal and external management of heritage places, but not so many from the perspective of tourists. A case study is provided that examines the protection, management and tourism development of cultural heritage in China.


After the discussion of the functions and values of sports buildings, this paper expounds the theme that sports buildings serve as bright points of the city image and puts forward new ideas for sustainable development of sports buildings.


identifies the main features of the health care systems of different countries, namely: Finland, Germany, Italy, Great Britain, the Netherlands, France, USA. The analysis showed that the health care and management system of each country differs from each other, which was significantly influenced by the history of countries, which in turn affects the development of the system, environmental analysis and political component. lower positions in world rankings than other countries in Europe and the world. This state of health is significantly affected by the level of funding for the industry. By increasing funding, each country is improving the health care system, which helps to maintain and strengthen the health of the population, increase the efficiency of medical institutions. In all developed countries, public spending on health care has increased over the past 5 years. Germany, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands account for the largest health expenditures out of all general government expenditures. The positive dynamics of funding provided an opportunity for effective reform of the medical sector, which in turn led to improved quality of health services. The article states that Ukraine needs to review the existing national health policy in order to take into account the best foreign practices.


In California, many yard trimmings processing facilities market chipped woody materials as biomass fuel as well as generate a compost product. Processing both products at one facility has allowed for flexibility and economies in operations. In fact, most size reduction equipment used for yard trimmings processing initially was acquired to process biomass fuel and was pressed into double duty when separate collection of yard trimmings began.


The problem of road segmentation in high resolution images is addressed in this paper. We present an extension of the active contour model that includes a-priori knowledge about the width of the roads being extracted. In order to improve the segmentation performance of the algorithm, the proposed model also contains a modified external energy term. The problem of the contour energy minimization is solved by using genetic algorithms, which makes it possible to use random initialization of the contours. The proposed segmentation method is validated on a series of high resolution images. The results show that by using the modified external energy term the new model performs better than the typically used gradient-based version.


Objective To investigate the effect and toxicity of gemcitabine combined with carboplatin treatment on recurrent breast cancer.Methods On the first day and eighth day,gemcitabine(1200 mg/m2) was diluted with physiologic saline and then used through intravenous drip.on the second day,350 mg/m2 carboplatin dissolved in 5% glucose solution(500 ml) was used.One cycle lasted for 21 days.Results Among 40 patients,there were 1 complete response(2.5%),16 partial responses(40.0%),15 stable(37.5.0%),8 progressive(20.0%).The total effective rate was 42.5%.Median time to progression was 4.8 months and 1-year survival rate was 47.5%.The common toxicities included nausea,vomiting,bone marrow depression and rash.Conclusion The gemcitabine combined with carboplatin for the treatmend of recurrent breast cancer is effective and has endurable toxicities and deserves promoting.


CASE i.7oothplate Impacted in the RightBroncchuts. J. S., a mechanic aged 22, was referred t; the Eye and Ear Hospital by my colleague Mr. Bosworth Wright on October 25th, 1922, with the followinig history. On October 22th he lay downL about 6 p.m. snd fell asleep lhe woke ab ut an iour later, coughing, and feltpain in the right side of the chest. He then missed his lower toothplate, Which contained ten teethand had one holding lhook. Past history eLcited that on a few occasions he ha ad suffered from petit mal, becoming unconscious for a short periol. The coughandpain in the chestcontinued, and he went to the Roval Portsmouth Hospital, where by screening with x rays foreign body %%as located to the right of the FIG. I.-Case mdiddle line of the chest opposite the fifth rib measuringlI in posteriorly. An oesophageal bougiepassed easilv. removediromril ne was traiisferred to my care niext day, and on further screening the foreign bwodywas sen in the same place asbefore to the right of the middle line of thebest, whether screened from front or back. A radiograph confirmed the appearance seen in the screen. Cough was frequent and painful. Loud rhonchi were heard over the centre of the right pulmonary area. It was obvious therefore that a foreign body was present in the right broncbus, but its s ze (length as seen about11 inches) did not correspond to the description of the missing toottiplate, though its contour corresponded to a smaller plate thani the one described. The patientwas then anaesthetized by Dr. C. Mavhew, anaesthetist to the Eye and Ear Hospital, with a C.E.mixture, after injection of the pre-tracheal tissues with 2 per cent. novocain and adrenaline1 in 20,000. A deliberate tracheotomy was performed, the second, third, fourth, and fifth tracheal rings being incised after division of the isthmus of the thyroid and injection of 1 per cent. cocaine into the trachea. The interior of the trachea was then mopped ll with 5 per cent. cocainieas far as the . bifuication, COUghing l,eing thereby prevented. The anaesthetic was now changed to oxygen and chloroform, given through : a Eustachian caLheter directly into the trachea,. Irwin Moore's internal illuminating bronchoscope was then introduced into the right brouchus, where the curve of thelhook attached to the vulcanite body of the toothplate was seen. By the aid of Irwin Moore's forceps the plate was seized and broug1ht to the tracheotomy wound, where, unfortunately, it slipped from thie forceps grip, aud, before the assistant was able to secure it, was sucked back inlto the traclhea and again lodged in the riglht bronchus. It was again seen, seized, and brought upwards, but once more. slipped from the forceps grip(the vulcanite surface was rendered extremely difficult to ho.d owing to much imucus) while still in the tracelea, _ and th:s time fell back inito the left bronchus, where it was ultirmately secured FIG. 2.-Case ii: Dri and brought out through the trncheotomy phar wounid. The trachea and bronchi had previously to this been mopped wvith 20 per cent. cocaine as the freq uent manipulations had rendered their surface irritable. The plate when removed was found to contain the hook end, a portion of which was missing, and five tooth sockets holding three teeth, two being empty, and the plate had evidently been broken exactly in the middle line. In order to be quite sure that nothing was left behind the bronchial tree was explored on both sides with the bronchoscope, a good view being obtained. The patient subsequently passed the other half of the plate with filve teeth in five sockets per rectum, having evidently smashed the plate in half while in an epileptic spasm, and broken off two teeth as well-these latter were not recovered. After-progress was uneventful save for some mild bronchitis, for whioh due precautions were tLiken. Noteworthy points about the case are: (a) It would seem that, in similar cascs whiere large'andl slippery foreign bodies are present in thle bronchli, thje position of thie patient should be oblique withi head slanting downwards in case of slipping of the forceps grip. (b) The assistant should be rcady withi a pair of Spencer WVells forceps to secure a good grip on the foreign body whenever it appears in thle wound. (c) Tracheotomy would seem advisable in thlis class of.case, as the foreign body was too large to be drawn thirough the bronchoscope, andhlad-to be brought up togethler with the withdrawal of thje tube, and wvould otherwise have certainly damaged the glottis. (d) Anaesthesia as carried out in this case, by means of chloroform and oxygeu administered througlh a large-size Eustachian catheter introduced alongsidethle bronchloscope, proved very satisfactory.


Based on Particle Filter, Gravity Gradient-Terrain aided position technology is proposed in this paper. With the sensitivity of gravity gradient to terrain, the gravity gradient reference map can be computed from the local terrain elevation data. The position can be actualized through matching the real-time measured gravity gradient data to the prepared gravity gradient reference map. The most widely used approximate filtering method is the extended Kaman filter (EKF). EKF is computationally simple but, the convergence of the state estimation for the position is not guaranteed. Particle filter (PF) makes use of the non-linear state and measurement functions, no linearization technology is needed. PF can assure the convergence of the state estimation which follows from the classical results on convergence of Bayesian estimators. Simulations have been done and Particle filter has been shown to be a superior alternative to the EKF in the gravity gradient-terrain matching navigation systems.


This study assessed mad honey use in alternative treatments. The universe of this descriptive study was patients admitted to the pulmonary disease clinic located in the Ordu province of the Black Sea region between 15 December 2014 and 15 February 2015. We did not use a sampling method and patients who agreed to participate were included in the study (n=353). In order to collect the data, we used a questionnaire prepared by the researchers. In this study, 77% of the participants stated that mad honey was beneficial to health, 44.5% used mad honey, and 53.5% consumed it daily. Furthermore, 28.7% used mad honey for asthma, 6.4% for cough, 12.1% for gastrointestinal diseases, and 3.2% for hypertension. There was a significant relationship between the gender, family structure, age, and chronic disease status of participants and the status of consuming mad honey (p<0.05). In this study, participants used mad honey for asthma, gastrointestinal diseases, HIGHLIGHTS • Patients believe that mad honey is beneficial for their health. • Patients consume mad honey. • Patients use mad honey for asthma, gastrointestinal diseases, hypertension, and cough. • Age, gender, and family structure of patients affect their use of mad honey. 2 Gok Ugur, H.; et al. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology. Vol.62: e19180488, 2019 www.scielo.br/babt hypertension, and cough. Health professionals should provide training and counseling on the health effects and risks of mad honey to improve public health.


A new method for document watermarking based on the digital Fourier hologram is proposed. It applies the methods of digital image watermarking based on holographic principle presented previously in several papers into printed documents. Experimental results show that the proposed method can not only meet the demand on invisibility, robustness and non-reproducibility of the document watermark, and but also has other advantages compared with the conventional methods for document securities such as embossed hologram, Lippmann photograph and halftone modulation.


The present research work was carried out in the laboratory of Bromatology of the National University of Loja, with the purpose of contributing to the improvement of the nutritive value of the coffee pulp, by means of solid state fermentation processes (FES) to facilitate its use in animal feed Four levels of vitafert (0, 5, 10 and 15%) were evaluated in four time periods (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours) by completely randomized design with 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, resulting in 16 treatments, with three repetitions each one, that is 48 experimental units. The fermentation was carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks that were placed in an oven at 26oC, during the established periods of time; in all the treatments, 1.5% of urea and 0.5% of mineral salts were added to complete 100 g. The variables studied were: bromatological composition of the pulp of fresh coffee, fermentative indicators (pH and ammonia) and bromatological composition of the fermented pulp. The results show an appreciable chemical composition of the fresh pulp with 15.58% dry matter (DM); 10.54% crude protein (PC); 18.75% crude fiber (FC) and 10.70% Ash. The fermentative indicators revealed that the inclusion of vitafert (5.10 and 15%) caused greater microbial activity, with pH values close to 7, which is related to the concentration of ammonia, which reached its highest peak (3.58 meq/L) at 72 hours with 15% vitafert. The bromatological composition of the fermented pulp showed a decrease in DM in relation to the time of fermentation and the level of inclusion of the inoculum; the ash content was higher with the inclusion of 5% vitafert until 72 hours; PC tenors were elevated (greater than 32%) in all treatments, with their highest peak (36.66%) with 15% vitafert until 24 hours; while the true protein experienced an increase of 4 points (from 9.59 to 13.78%); FC increased slightly (19.5 to 22.24%) in the fermentation process.
Keywords: coffee pulp, fermentation, vitafert, nutritional value, ruminants.


Although the construction of economic policy is always presented as the result of an objective process, the existence of policy discourses shapes our understanding of a socially constructed reality and can influence policy outcomes. This article presents a framework that enables the understanding of the extent how discursive changes can influence policy actors, and by extension, it can influence policy outcomes. This framework includes the analysis of (1) the shift in policy objectives, or how policy actors reconsider their policy ambitions after a change in their discourse, the (2) shift in semiotic elements, where the discourse is reflected and replicated, and (3) the shift in advocacy coalitions, as a discursive change may compromise the integrity and structure of advocacy coalitions. Also, I include the case of the Galician Strategy for a Circular Economy as an example to illustrate the use of this framework. The merit of this framework is that it proposes to analyse the first consequences of a discourse change, allowing the understanding on how a change has the potential to provoke policy change.


Research concerning diversification and specialization of venture capital funds typically does not consider how a VC's effort might influence performance of different portfolios. We develop a model that analyzes VC effort when there is the potential for cross-sectional and/or serial knowledge spillover among projects. The model generates two implications concerning VC effort and performance. First, VC post-investment effort is a nonmonotonic function of performance shocks, especially for diversified VCs. Second, greater cross-sectional and serial knowledge spillovers improve the performance of specialization relative to diversification, and shape how the number of decision stages in a project affects portfolio choice.


In this study a clinical test was conducted for the purpose of proving the effectiveness of the joint use of foot reflexology as a strategy for heightening the effectiveness in controlling abdominal obesity on the basis of many prior researches in aroma therapies and foot reflexology. The results in...


General formula Wherein, M includes Nb, Ta, V, of at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Y and Hf. R m represents an integer of 1 to 5.


Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of combined lithoclast and ultrasound lithotripsy for the treatment of renal and upper ureteral calculi during percutaneos nephrolithotomy. Methods From August 2006 to November 2007,97 cases of renal and upper ureteral calculi were subjected to percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with pneumatic and ultrasonic power under B-type ultrasound guidance. Clinical data including the feasibility and complication were analyzed retrospectively. Pelvocalyceal calculi were noted in 27 cases,multiple renal calculi in 26, staghorn calculi in 14,bilateral renal calculi in 9.Longitudinal size of calculi was 1.2-6cm. Working channel for percutaneous nephroscopy was established under the guidance of B-ultrasonography. Renal stones were fragmented and extracted by using the Litho-Clast Master(EMS,Switzerland). Results The percutaneous renal access was successfully established under ultrasound guidance in all the patients. Immediate phase I lithotripsy was performed in 93 cases and delayed phase II lithotripsy in 4 cases. Operation time ranged from 50 to 180 minutes,average time was 90 minutes. Average volume of blood loss was 150 ml. Stones were cleared out in 74 of 97 cases(76. 2%)during immediate phase I lithotripsy. Severe complications such as pheumothorax,abdominal organs injury, severe hemorrhage did not occur during nephrolithotripsy. Conclusion Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with pneumatic and ultrasonic power under B-type ultrasound guidance for treatment of crenal and upper ureteral calculi is effective and safe.


2001 Paul Rylander Plenary Lecture polymer supported catalyst for the enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes increase of the long-term stability of chirally modified platinum catalysts used in the enantioselective hydrogenation ofethyl pyruvate application of new metal impregnated knitted silica fibre on catalytic oxidation and hydrogenation processes functionalized polymer fibres as supports for platinum group metal catalysts nickel bromide as a hydrogen transfer catalyst small scale reactors for catalyst evaluation and process optimization catalytic hydrogenation of citral - the effect of acoustic irradiation catalytic applications of aluminium osipropoxide in organic synthesis liquid-phase methylation of c-Cresolcatalyzed by mixed oxides derived from the hydrotalcite precursors - effect of acid-case features on catalytic performance.


Post-mortem and histological studies after the intravenous injection of toxic doses of iron preparations revealed extensive haernorrhages in the lungs (Nissim, 1949, 1953a, b). With some compounds the haemorrhages, were present in the complete. absence of precipitation, whereas with others their extent was much greater than would have been expected from the degree of precipitation produced. It seemed possible that the compounds concerned might possess an anticoagulant action which would account for this toxic manifestation. Coagulation tests were accordingly carried out on son~e iron compounds. The part played by capillary injury in producing haernorrhages was also investigated, as was the effect of iron preparations in the production of haemolysis in vitro.


High-quality perovskite film is crucial to realizing high-efficiency stable perovskite solar cells. Doping is a direct and effective strategy to passivate defects and improve the crystal quality of perovskite films....


Abstract : Mixtures of chemicals represent a concern in all areas of toxicology and a challenge to risk assessors as most sites with environmental contamination, including Department of Defense sites, involve simultaneous or sequential exposures of multiple chemicals to human or ecological receptors. A major concern with mixtures is that they may lead to outcomes (health effects) or increased toxicity (synergism) not expected from the risk characterization of individual chemicals at the site. The focus of this literature review is 0 examine the principles used to determine toxicity in chemical mixtures risk assessment for human and ecological receptors at hazardous waste sites. This review provides an overview of current practices useful to a remedial project manager or risk assessor prior to their first chemical mixtures risk assessment.


This report consists of first year architecture students work that looked into the problem pedestrian traffic in Sigiriya World Heritage site in Sri Lanka to propose alternative routes for visitors.


A new adaptive modulation algorithm for OFDM system id proposed. The algorithm adopts adaptive bit loading and power allocation while maintaining constant throughput.Compared with fixed modulation scheme,this algorithm can greatly improve the Bit Error Rate performance and system throughput. This is a realizable algorithm because of its small computational complexity. Simulation results show that subcarrier grouping just has a little influence on system performance. Meanwhile the imperfect channel estimation has little effects on the present algorithm.


The resistance of a flow through co-axial cylinders of which the inner cylinder rotates is studied experimentally, when there are grooves peripherally on the inner cylinder or on the outer cylinder. Results obtained are as follows : (1) When the Reynolds number R6 is larger than about 200, the value of resistance coefficient λ of grooved cylinder is much larger than that of non-grooved one, whether the inner cylinder rotates or not. (2) When rotating Reynolds number Rw is large, the value of λ increases with the increase of clearance. (3) When the pitch of grooves is constant, the value of λ increases with the increase of breadth of the grooves.


The use of statistical analysis in 922 articles from the 1980 through 1985 issues of the Journal of The Academy of Marketing Science (JAMS), the Journal of Marketing (JM), the Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), and the Journal of Consumer Research (JCR) was analyzed. A reader with no statistical background can understand 31, 56, 9, and 21 percent of the articles respectively in these four journals. Knowledge of regression and analysis of variance is important in comprehending many of the articles. Thirty-eight percent of the JAMS articles and 25, 57 and 56 percent, respectively, of the other three journals make use of these statistical techniques. Knowledge of any other single statistical method, except for factor analysis used in the JMR, provides only a marginal increase in the understanding of the literature. JAMS, JMR and JCR report extensive use of experimental designs, while the JM focuses on archival and survey types of designs. The tabulations in this paper should prove useful to marketing practitioners planning self-development and to faculty who teach undergraduates, graduates, and professional development courses. Several suggestions for increasing the accessibility of journal articles are proposed.


Efficient techniques to compress/decompress triangulations are commonly used when dealing with huge size meshes. Optimal compression methods which allow to decompress just a part of a triangulation are nevertheless rather unpopular in practice. In this paper we present a simple technique which allows encoding plane triangulations without knowing a priori whether the whole mesh or just a part of it will have to be decompressed. In a pre-processing step the triangulation is encoded following a lossless approach. The compressed representation of the triangulation consists on a string of three types of symbols, and requires at most 5 bits per vertex. Provided the whole mesh has to be decoded, the method finishes here. If, on the contrary, just a query zone has to be extracted, the encoding sequence will be slightly modified, and a new sequence will be obtained from which just a query zone of the triangulation can be decompressed in optimal time. The method is suitable for those applications requiring to manage small parts of huge plane triangulations or to send via web the whole triangular mesh.


In this paper we consider a problem of simulation of avionics models with heterogeneously specified behaviours of components. In particular, we consider a situation when some software components of a model are specified by a program code of ARINC653 partitions but the rest of a model is defined in a very abstract way. One approach of behavioural and time analysis of such models is described in this paper.


Purpose of reviewDespite successful remission induction in 60–80% of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia, there remain a significant number of patients who exhibit primary refractory disease. Here we examine the data for predicting likelihood of having refractory disease, available therapeutic options, and how to decide the appropriate treatment option for a patient. Recent findingsRecently identified recurrent molecular mutations and early response to chemotherapy as determined by kinetics of peripheral blast clearance or nadir bone marrow biopsy assist in determining the likelihood of primary refractory disease. Newer cytotoxic agents, used as salvage chemotherapy, or in novel conditioning regimens for hematopoietic stem cell transplant may represent improvement over prior regimens. FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 gene inhibitors and other targeted therapies currently in clinical trials show promise for select patients. Hypomethylating agents provide benefit to patients who are not candidates for other therapies. SummaryRecent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia have not yet translated to a significantly improved outlook for patients with refractory disease. While there are several therapeutic options, outcomes remain poor and further studies are needed to identify and validate novel approaches.


The present invention relates to a method of setting the basic setting of the production process can be used for an injection molding machine semi-automatically establishing (1) for processing the molding material is made of plastic. By means of a software technology to integrate an injection molding machine (1) starting assistance control means (14) interacting (15) determines the value or amount of system-related process parameters, the starting assistance (15) to guide the operator gradually after the segmentation process set by the amount or value can be achieved quickly and reliably as possible can be at least a basic set of processes. Here, before the start of the trial stage, the provisional determination process conditions have a significant impact on the flow of molding material, especially the material temperature and the injection speed. In addition, approximately determined under the process conditions determined by the temporary starting assistance (15) corresponding to at least the flow properties of the molding material used, particularly viscous eigenvalues. Eigenvalue flow characteristics of the molding material and the other or the determined predetermined characteristic values of the process is used to determine the experimental stage injection pressure, if necessary subsequent starting of rating limit and / or experimental setting value temporary.


organization. The book examines only one small aspect of this-paperwork simplification-a participative process, described by Ben S. Graham, Jr., as "an organized application of common sense ... to enable people to see the work in ways they have not seen it before." It is a bottom-up approach that draws heavily on those who do the paperwork. This article is very practical and gives all the in's and out's of how to simplify paperwork. The physical resources and technology structure refers to the "assets which make things possible." Although Lehrer assumes in his paper that technology has been underutilized in making office workers more productive, he seems to promote technology for its own sake without due consideration to cost effectiveness. A second paper focuses on how to update current, large-scale, real-time computer operations, e.g., ticketing for Eastern Airlines. Many organizations concerned about the use of smaller personal computers at the workplace will be disappointed in the lack of treatment. The final structure discussed is the human resource structure. Here the articles are on human resource accounting-an idea whose time never came. The second article talks about changing human resources from fixed to variable costs-an idea whose time is just around the corner. This approach recognizes that work is not packaged neatly into 8-hour days and 40hour weeks so why should labor be packaged this way. Various options for leveling work and "re-packaging" purchased labor are discussed. The final article, on quality circles, focuses on the role of participation, which has been a theme throughout this book. Overall, I found the book useful. I would recommend it to someone beginning to think about improving productivity and to someone looking for the latest or most sophisticated approaches.


Virtual Reality is a new technique developing these years,it covers many advanced techniques which include computer graphics,multimedia and artificial intelligence.This article discribes knowledge about Virtual Reality,including features,conponents,catalog,software and hardware.Then it off ers the thought of design of Virtual Reality and its dispose methods.


Sleep disorders can be associated with an increased risk for cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to examine the association between cognitive status and presence of sleep symptoms and sleep disorders in PD patients.


Objective: Analysis of the bibliography on the main aspects of the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis. Data collection: Review of the medical literature in English from 1997 to 2002 (60 references were chosen). Selection of studies: The most relevant articles regarding the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis were chosen. Data extraction: The international medical literature from 1997 to 2002 was reviewed covering research articles on diverse aspects of the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis. The MEDLINE database from the MEDLARS System was used for this purpose. Results: The pathophysiology of this disease is complex and not well understood yet. Independently from its etiology, it is believed that the initial event corresponds to a lesion of the acinar cells due to intra-acinar activation of inactive zymogens to their active forms. In the last ten years, the role of the diverse pathways involved in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis has been investigated, including the immunological system, cytokines, oxygen reactive species, as well as alterations in the microcirculation that lead to local and systemic damage. Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis is a disease with variable degrees of severity. Its pathophysiology is still not understood completely despite the current knowl


Tbx5 is a member of the T‐box family of transcription factors and is associated with Holt–Oram syndrome (HOS), a congenital disorder characterized by heart and limb defects. Although implicated in several processes during development, only a few genes regulated by Tbx5 have been reported. To identify candidate genes regulated by Tbx5 during heart development, a microarray approach was used. A cardiac‐derived mouse cell line (1H) was infected with adenoviruses expressing Tbx5 or β‐galactosidase and RNA was isolated for analysis using an Affymetrix gene chip representing over 39,000 transcripts. Real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction confirmed Tbx5 induction of a subset of the genes, including nppa, photoreceptor cadherin, brain creatine kinase, hairy/enhancer‐of‐split related 2, and gelsolin. In situ hybridization analysis indicated overlapping expression of these genes with tbx5 in the embryonic mouse heart. In addition, the effect of HOS‐associated mutations on the ability of Tbx5 to induce target gene expression was evaluated. Together, these data identify several genes induced by Tbx5 that are potentially important during cardiac development. These genes represent new candidate gene targets of Tbx5 that may be related to congenital heart malformations associated with HOS. Developmental Dynamics 235:2868–2880, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Wind power as a clean、non-pollution energy,get more and more attention of the countries all over the world,Wind power will become focus and hot of research.When researching on wind power technology in the laboratory,it' s very important to establish a test platform.On the power of 500W direct-drive wind power generation test platform design scheme for research,it shows The platform includes wind turbine simulator、power electronic transform device、permanent magnet synchronous motor、DSP controller and so on.Experimental results showed that the platform can be with unity power factor and network,and can be maintain the converter DC side voltage constant.


Abstract The only thing constant in the world is change. An innovative principal in the 1980's must be prepared to do more than maintain the status quo. To be successful, principals will need to re-educate themselves to cope with the changing demands of their roles. They will have to become knowledgeable and skillful community leaders as well as the educational leaders of their schools (Drake and Miller, 1982). It has been said that some people are born leaders, others are trained leaders, and others have leadership thrust upon them. But in any case it is opportunity, vision, action, and followers that make a leader. It is impossible to imagine a leader or leadership in the absence of these factors (Alvino, 1987).


An at tempt was made a t developing an a d j e c t i v e check list of e x t e r n a l l y weighted i t e m s t o index adolescent adjustment problems. Study I found t h a t the re were d i f f i c u l t i e s with having adolescent Ss ass ign weights t o a set o f i t e m s se lec ted t o index adjustment us ing a Thurstone s c a l i n g procedure. Ss were unable t o cons i s t en t ly i n d i c a t e the degree of problem each i t e m indexed. Thus, weights were found t o be d i s t r i b u t e d across the e n t i r e s c a l e f o r each i t e m . Severa l a l t e r n a t e methods were suggested and compared i n t h e Main Study f o r indexing adjustment u t i l i z i n g ind iv idua l and group frames of reference . The four methods were a normative-self c o n t r a s t , an ideal -se l f c o n t r a s t ( the two t r a d i t i o n a l methods), a s e l f worst con t ras t , and an ideal -se l f -worst contras t . Generally i t was found t h a t t h e method taking i n t o considera t ion both d i r e c t i o n s of t h e personal frames of reference ( idea l se l f -wors t con t ras t ) performed a s w e l l i f no t b e t t e r than t h e o the r th ree methods i n terms of i t e m s e l e c t i o n , maintenance of an a p r i o r i f a c t o r s t r u c t u r e , i n t e r n a l consistency, content v a l i d i t y , and concurrent v a l i d i t y . The ideal -se l f c o n t r a s t , a t r a d i t i o n a l method f o r assess ing therapy success, d id n o t show a s good results, p a r t i c u l a r l y with respec t t o v a l i d i t y comparisons. The cons t i tuen t p a r t s of the idea l s e l f c o n t r a s t were analyzed. It was found t h a t i d e a l r a t i n g s genera l ly show lower variance and higher a s s o c i a t i o n wi th normative r a t i n g s than s e l f r a t i n g s o r worst r a t ings . Furthermore, it w a s suggested t h a t where an index i s des i red t o measure adolescent adjustment problems, 2's f u l l frame of reference should be taken i n t o account by t h a t index.


...................................................................................... ii DEDICATION ........................................................................ iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................... v TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES .................................................................. ix LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................. x CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION ................................................. 1 Background of Problem .................................................... 4 Statement of Problem ....................................................... 6 Purpose of Study ............................................................ 7 Research Questions .......................................................... 7 Significance of study ......................................................... 7 Limitations ................................................................... 9 Summary ..................................................................... 9 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ..................... 10 Change Process .............................................................. 10 Change Agents ............................................................... 18 Concerns-Based Theory .................................................... 19 Educational Innovation ................................................. 19 Concerns of Educators ................................................... 21 Concerns-Based Adoption Model ...................................... 23 Interpretation of Concerns ................................................ 28 General Strategies for Intervention ...................................... 31 Technology in Higher Education .......................................... 32 Virginia Tech ........................................................ 33 Radford University .................................................. 35 Emergency Management Institute ................................ 37 Catholic University of America .................................... 38 George Mason University ........................................ 38 American University ................................................ 40 University of Maryland ............................................ 41 The George Washington University.............................. 42 Mary Washington College .......................................... 42 Summary ............................................................. 43


We show that Yang-Mills matrix integrals remain convergent when a Myers term is added, and stay in the same topological class as the original model. It is possible to add a supersymmetric Myers term and this leaves the partition function invariant.


Changes brought by supply-chain reengineering are in the news almost daily: • The Big 3 auto makers strive to turn their suppliers into systems suppliers not component makers. The outsourcing of key components reduces costs, but leads to strikes and plant shutdowns. • Proctor and Gamble reports saving $1.6 billion over five years and expects to save even more in the future through more efficient supply-chain management. • A grocery chain called David's sues its distributor, Fleming, for overcharging on its business. The suit forces an "unbundling" of distributor charges. • A major natural gas producer and pipeline operator, Enron, buys an electric utility to integrate its supply chain and compete with deregulating electric utilities for end-user customers. • A top producer of entertainment content, Disney, buys a television network, ABC, to assure distribution channels for its product. • Over 70 of the nation's largest manufacturers and shippers form the Supply-Chain Council to standardize supply-chain nomenclature and process descriptions. The Council is one of several organizations developing tools for more efficient supply-chain management. • After a review of internal processes, the Department of Defense moves to adopt commercial supply-chain processes and accelerate initiatives to electronically link its systems with commercial suppliers and carriers. • Microsoft teams with Net Logistics to launch a zero cost Web site for conducting shipping transactions in a standard format. • A coffee chain consolidates non-coffee product (muffins and other extras) delivery to reduce frenetic early morning shelf-stocking by multiple vendors. These examples illustrate the breadth and depth of supply-chain reengineering. Their scope illustrates the major difference between supply-chain and traditional reengineering efforts. Because these efforts are intercompany, the difficulties in their undertaking are orders of magnitude larger


This paper compares and contrasts optimal and systematic monetary responses to an exogenous real oil price shock across a wide variety of modeling assumptions. For the calibrations considered I show that the optimal policy focuses on stabilizing some combination of PPI/Core CPI and nominal wage in ation and never stabilizes either value added or headline in ation. The welfare losses generated by di erent systematic policies depend upon how well the policy stabilizes the welfare relevant in ation variables and certain classes of policies perform well across a number of models. Certain extensions, such as capital accumulation, or calibrations, such as how sticky wages or prices are, have important quantitative impacts on the sizes of the welfare losses. ∗Date: September 2008. Any comments would be greatly appreciated. I would like to thank my advisors Edward Bu e, Eric Leeper, Brian Peterson, and Todd Walker as well as James Murray and Hess Chung for helpful comments. Part of this paper was completed while at the Sveriges Riksbank as a summer intern in their research department. While there I received very helpful comments from Lars Svensson and others. I assume full responsibility for any and all errors in the paper. †Department of Economics, Indiana University, 100 S. Woodlawn, Bloomington, IN 47405, or by e-mail at email@example.com


The soil in the Beijing Olympic Forest Park was analyzed using grid sampling combined with geo-statistical analyses to determine the spatial distribution and variability of the soil nutrient parameters,such as the organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and other nutrient parameters.The results show that the park soil is low in nutrients.Although the soil nutrient concentrations varied in different ways,they all exhibited similar levels of spatial variability.Their spatial correlations were all weak due to the artificial backfilling of the underlying surface.The spatial correlations of total nitrogen,available nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were especially weak due to the influence of fertilization,while the spatial correlation of nitrate nitrogen was quite strong due to the nitrification and denitrification effect.Ordinary Kriging estimates based on a semi-variance spherical model showed that the organic matter strongly influenced the spatial variability of the soil total nitrogen,available nitrogen and total phosphorus.The dissolved nutrient concentrations such as nitrate,ammonium and available phosphorus varied greatly.This study provides a basis for the risk assessment of soil nutrient losses and soil nutrient management in other newly constructed urban parks.


Because the helical axial flow gas-liquid mixing pump has the great advantage of conveying gas-liquid two-phase mixed medium, it has become the main core equipment for deep-sea oil and natural gas exploitation. The gas phase aggregation and bubble movement trajectory in the impeller channel have been widely studied, but the increase of medium flow resistance caused by flow separation has not been deeply discussed. Combined with the Euler multiphase flow model and the SST k-ω turbulence model, the numerical calculation of the helical axial flow gas-liquid mixed pump is carried out. Under design flow conditions Q = 100 m3/h, head H = 30 m, speed n = 4500 r/min, specific speed ns =213.6 r/min, and under different inlet gas content conditions, the influence of the bionic waveform leading edge blade on drag reduction characteristics of the helical axial flow gas-liquid mixed pump was investigated. By designing the blade with a leading-edge structure with different heights and pitches, the separation of the mixed medium and the suction surface is effectively suppressed, and the flow resistance of the medium in the 1/10 area of the inlet end of the blade is reduced. The results show that when the height A is 0.25%L and the pitch λ is 12.5%h, the maximum drag reduction rate in this region is 52.6%, the maximum increase in efficiency of the mixed pump is 2.2%, and the maximum increase in head is 4.8%. This study can provide technical support for flow drag reduction in gas-liquid mixed pump.


With additional data provided for defining nodes, nodes are initially created using the node definitions provided. If the regions within the data are found to be overlapping, then a step is performed to merge overlapping regions together into one region. The remainder of the algorithm focuses on determining the interaction anchors that overlap with the nodes in the network which is necessary for defining the edges of the network. For this, both nodes and anchors are separated based on chromosome where each list is sorted by start position. For each chromosome, the corresponding list of nodes and anchors are iterated concurrently as follows: Select the first node in the sorted list and iterate over all anchors until the next anchor's start position is greater than the node's end position. Each anchor is compared with the current node as well as the next node in the list to determine whether or not the anchor overlaps with either of these nodes after extending the nodes by the extend parameter in both directions. If an anchor overlaps with both nodes with extension, another comparison is made without extension. If only one node overlaps with the anchor without extension, then the anchor is assigned to the overlapping node. If both nodes are still overlapping with the anchor, then the node that is overlapping with the anchor greater than half its size is assigned. In the case that neither node overlaps without extension, then a final comparison is made with extension again, checking if the anchor overlaps with one node (with extension) greater than half the length of the


Abstract: In this paper an innovative micromachined resonant force sensor, based on magnetic remote readout and actuation strategy is presented. The device resonance frequency changes in presence of the compressive axial-force to be measured due to changes in the device elastic properties; the sensor is driven to resonance by using externally induced Lorentz forces and the output is then obtained via an inductive pick-up.


Most studies of the intertemporal substitution of work use life-cycle data, and from those studies many have concluded that intertemporal labor substitution is unimportant for macroeconomics. This paper takes another look at life-cycle data and argues that a consideration of measurement errors, taxes, on-the-job training, older workers, hours reporting bias, and all of the "margins" composing aggregate labor supply over the life cycle suggests that substitution over time may be very important for macro fluctuations. The life-cycle data used include fairly standard male cross-section and panel-data samples as well as a sample of women experiencing the termination of AFDC benefits as their youngest child turns 18 years old.


Protein binding amounts of the modules consisting of anion-exchange porous membranes were determined as a function of flow rate of the protein solution. Two kinds of anion-exchange porous membranes of a hollow-fiber form were compared : EA membrane containing a 2-hydroxylethylamino group and DEA-EA membrane containing a diethylamino group along with the 2-hydroxylethylamino group. The module has an inner diameter of 1.8 cm and effective length of 8 cm, respectively, into which nine or eight numbers of the anion-exchange porous hollow-fiber membrane (ID=2.8 mm, OD=4.4 mm) were incorporated. A 2 kg/m3 bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) was fed to the module from the lumen side to the shell side at various flow rates. The dynamic binding amount of BSA calculated from breakthrough curves was constant irrespective of flow rate ranging from 0.17×106 m3/s to 1.7×106 m3/s because of a negligible diffusional mass-transfer resistance assisted by convective flow through the pores. The DEA-EA module exihibited about three-fold equilibrium binding amount of BSA compared to the EA module. This can be explained by multilayer binding of BSA into the polymer chains grafted onto the pore surface.


AMITH BEN-DAVID* and RONIT LEICHTENTRIT** Ethiopian refugees have been a growing ethnic group in Israel during the past few decades, and children who entered Israel as a part of this immigration pattern are now in the college system. These students are considered to be at risk because of the trauma they endured during their turbulent migration, and their individual and collective experience of many types of loss: family, family roles, friends, language, self sufficiency, employment, property and sense of identity (Ben Porath, 1987; Lerner, Mirsky and Barasch, 1994). In addition, these refugees have had to adapt to a new country with little preparation and, often, with limited education to assist them. These losses and the transition between cultures are associated with adjustment problems, including psychological complaints (Arieli, 1993; Ben-Porath, 1987; Ratzoni, Apter, Blumenshon, and Tiano, 1988, 1991), family conflict (Ben-David, 1993; Weill, 1989) and difficulties in adapting to the educational system and coping with academic demands (Yungman, 1994). Considerable research has been conducted on adjustment to college, and a few models have emerged (Allen, Epps, and Haniff,1991; Aspinwall and Taylor,1992; Bean and Metzner, 1985; Chartrand, 1992). Student adjustment and persistence have focused on factors that include individual differences, family and social support, and academic variables. In addition, recent comparative ethnographic studies among immigrant minorities suggest that there may be different patterns of adaptation to scholastic performance and different adaptive responses depending on the cultural model that guides them, that is, in the type of understanding they have of the workings of the larger society and of their place as minorities in that working order (Ogbu, 1991). THE ETHIOPIAN IMMIGRANTS The ingathering of black Jews to Israel is a unique immigration phenomenon of modern day black history for two reasons: first, Ethiopian Jews are the only group of black Africans who practice Judaism, and second, they are the only group of black Africans to have emigrated as a group to a predominantly white society during this century (Ojanuga, 1993). Fifty-three thousand Ethiopian immigrants currently live in Israel. They constitute about 1% of Israel's population, thereby representing a significant minority in the country. In May 1991, in a special airlift termed Operation Solomon, 14,2000 Ethiopian Jews were rescued from poverty and civil war in Ethiopia and brought to Israel. The previous wave of immigration of their Ethiopian brethren to Israel had started in 1977 and peaked in 1984, following widespread hunger in Ethiopia. Ethiopian Jews are black and are racially distinct from other Israelis. Culturally, the vast majority of these immigrants are inexperienced with modern technology. The Ethiopians comprised a unique Jewish community in Ethiopia in that they were isolated from the rest of the Jewish world for more than 2000 years (Ashkenazi and Weingrod, 1987). They lived in small villages and made their living though primitive agriculture and craftsmanship. Most of the older generation were illiterate. The community was a cohesive one with traditions that had survived uninterrupted through centuries of insular living. They were devoutly religious, but were not familiar with Jewish religious laws as practiced by Jews in other parts of the world. The Ethiopian Jews were closely attached to the ancestral land, which was their primary source of subsistence. Political and economic changes pushed forward with the advent of the Marxist regime in Ethiopia posed a threat to the small farmers who faced famine as the small plots of land they owned were being annexed to make way for large-scale farming. The Marxist government also threatened the religious traditions that had been jealously guarded for centuries. The culmination of religious, economic and political pressures were decisive factors in the exodus of the Ethiopian Jews from their isolated mountains to the Promised Land in the 1980s. …


For the future application of the superconducting LINAC to the accelerator driven system (ADS), a prototype cryomodule is being constructed under the collaboration of Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK). The module contains two 9-cell structures of β=0.725 and f=972MHz. The design of the cryomodule and the status of the construction are reported. INTRODUCTION As the first step of the long-term R&D program of the ADS project, an ADS experimental facility and a 200MeV superconducting linac will be constructed in the second phase of the J-PARC project. The purposes of this program are to study and resolve technology issues of the system, and to demonstrate the feasibility of the ADS concept. The baseline design of the superconducting linac in the energy range of 400-600MeV was reported in the last SRF workshop [1]. In the late 2002, the construction of a prototype cryomodule was approved as a three years program. CRYOMODULE The cryomodule is similar to the TRISTAN cryomodule as is shown in Figure 1. The main changes adopted are 1: Jacket type He vessel of Titanium 2: 2K operation 3: Pulsed operation In order to cope with these changes, some new techniques, such as SUS/Ti joint, seals for 2K-He are used, so the system have to be examined experimentally. The main purpose of the cryomodule is to examine the cryogenic performance at 2K and the controllability of the accelerating gradient in the pulsed operation. 2K-He is provided from a He Dewar through a heat exchanger in a valve box and a J-T valve in the cryostat. Maximum design heat load at 2K is 7W for dynamic and 8W for static. Consumption of 4.4K-He is estimated to be 46 litter/hour for 2K-He production, and 35 litter/hour for 5K shield. Volume of a 2K-He reservoir is 17 litters. Figure 2 shows the vacuum vessel. Figure 1: A 972MHz prototype cryomodule. _________________________________________ firstname.lastname@example.com Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on RF Superconductivity, Lübeck/Travemünder, Germany


Silver telluride thin films of thickness between 45 nm and 145 nm were thermally evaporated on well cleaned glass substrates at high vacuum better than 10 – 5 mbar. Silver telluride thin films are polycrystalline with monoclinic structure was confirmed by X-ray diffractogram studies. AFM and SEM images of these films are also recorded. The phase ratio and amplitude ratio of these films were recorded in the wavelength range between 300 nm and 700 nm using spectroscopic ellipsometry and analysed to determine its optical band gap, refractive index, extinction coefficient, and dielectric functions. High absorption coefficient determined from the analysis of recorded spectra indicates the presence of direct band transition. The optical band gap of silver telluride thin films is thickness dependent and proportional to square of reciprocal of thickness. The dependence of optical band gap of silver telluride thin films on film thickness has been explained through quantum size effect.


Objective: To investigate the feasibility and safety of fast track surgery pathway for esophageal tumor resection patients.Methods: Fifty and six patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent esophagogartrectomy were randomly divided into two groups: control group(n=27) and fast track group(n=29).The patients in control group received conventional perioperative care,while those in the FTS group underwent fast track clinical pathway.FTS included shorten preoperative fasting time,preoperative oral carbohydrate;intraoperative temperature maintenance,fluid infusion control and nol use of abdominal drainage;early postoperative ambulation,enteral nutrition and potent analgesia,etc.Results: Compared with control group,FTS group was associated with significantly shorter postoperative hospital stay and duration of intrvenous infusion,less medical cost and earlier postoperative passage of flatus and defecation,loss of body weight was less in FTS group(P0.05).There was no significant difference in morbidity or mortality between the two groups.Conclusions: FTS′ application of esophagogartrectomy is safe and efficient,and it can shorten postoperative hospital stay,reduce medical cost and accelarate recovery of gastric functions.


A new version of numerical solver for simulating two-phase incompressible viscous flows is developed in the present study. The governing equations consists of the Navier-Stokes equations with Boussinesq approximation and surface tension terms acting at the interface coupled with the phase field equation representing the moving interface. The system of equations is cast into a conservative form suitable for the implementation with artificial compressibility method. The resulting hyperbolic system is discretized in space with high order weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) finite difference scheme. The well known dual-time stepping technique is applied for obtaining time accuracy at each physical time step, and the approximate factorization based alternating direction implicit(AF-ADI) algorithm is used to solve the resulting system of equations. Endowing the system with suitable initial and boundary conditions, the performance of the method is analyzed by computing several benchmark two-fluid flow problems with moving interface.


This article surveys the literature on alcohol in Africa. It suggests that the trajectory of this literature has very much followed that of African history generally: beginning with a focus on the colonialism itself; then moving to an exploration of African 'resistance'; and then into studies of the post-colonial state and approaches which have emphasized the importance of cultural continuity, and African agency. While history writing has tended to see alcohol essentially as a way of exploring larger processes of social change, there has been a largely unstated rift in the wider literature on alcohol in Africa between, on the one hand those who view alcoholic beverages – and especially novel beverages – as drivers of change in themselves; and on the other hand those who see the potency of alcohol as essentially ascribed, and view the study of drink principally as a window on other processes of change.


Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal tumor characterized by fibroblast-like tumor cells, thick collagen bands, a hemangiopericytoma-like branching vascular pattern and CD34 expression of tumor cells.1 Although some cases show malignant behavior, most of the cases are benign and have histologically bland-looking tumor cells. Rarely, highly pleomorphic sarcoma arises within a primary or recurrent SFT having typical histologic features. This is a phenomenon similar to that seen in dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Dedifferentiated SFT (DSFT) is rare, with less than 30 cases reported worldwide,2,3,4,5,6 and it has not been previously reported in Korea. Here, we present a case of DSFT.


LOEF JÚNIOR, Gilberto Luiz. Dental sensitivity associated with bleaching treatment in vital teeth. 2016. 28 p. Final Paper (Graduation in Dentistry) – Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 2016. Tooth sensitivity is the most common complication caused by dental bleaching. The main active agent of bleaching treatments is hydrogen peroxide. Because of its low molecular weight, this agent is able to diffuse easily through the dental substrates reaching the pulp. This contact generates a reversible pulpitis, which results in tooth sensitivity. Sensitivity caused by dental bleaching is usually transitory and of mild to moderate intensity. However, there are therapeutic measures that alleviate this adverse effect. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the tooth sensitivity resulting from bleaching, as well as knowing the alternatives of treatment available to reduce this adverse effect, is important so that the dentist can correctly indicate the bleaching protocol, as well as perform the best therapeutic treatment to sensitivity, taking into account individual characteristics of each patient.


Erhard Friedberg's Multimedia Encyclopedia in Organization Theory is unique. Its 240 video clips offer a structured encounter with those who made organization theory. 31 of the most eminent organization theorists recount their explorations and findings, and illustrate their reasoning in interpreting the unexpected results of their seminal field-studies. Some 300 articles by 59 American and European authors document the chronology of 17 approaches to the study of organization, providing an overview of the state of the art in the discipline. Together, these materials paint a concrete and lively picture of the progressive construction of this body of knowledge from Taylor to today.


The libertarian view, advocated by philosopher James Rachels, states that there is no morally relevant difference between active and passive euthanasia. Moreover, Rachels says, it is biographical life (which includes a person's aspirations, human relationships, and interests), not biological life (being a human being), that is important from a moral point of view (see Part One, p. 13). And if passive euthanasia is morally justifiable in a given case, then so is active euthanasia, since there is no relevant distinction between them.


The rice chitinase was expressed in the fermentor by the recombinant Pichia pastoris with methanol induction.During the period of fermentation,the methanol feeding rate was varied with the change of DO level.The results indicated that the higher final protein level obtained because of the increased cell density.The highest chitinase activity was 56 U/ml.The enzyme was most active at pH 2.0,pH 5.0 and 40 ℃,and most stable at pH 3.0.The enzyme had good thermostablilty,which still retained 81% of its activity after being preserved at 60 ℃ for 3 h.The pathogen could be inhibited by the enzyme to a certain extent.