Saoxie, an onomatopeia,refers to the sough of wind, the pattering of rain, cries made by animals,and involves a sense of depression; Sa (high and level tone)fang means releasing, giving out, and delivering etc; Sa (falling-rising tone) fang means scattering, throwing and displaying, etc; San (falling tone) shi refers to the handing out and issuing of food in charity; San (falling-rising tone) shi means animals take food separately and people wonder for begging food; Senranrefers to the state of being obvious and distinct, daring and courageous, horrible and terrifying etc.


Abstract Cities worldwide consider the hosting of sport mega-events such as the Olympics as a strategy to improve their global image through strengthening the local 'brand'. This image construction is strongly influenced by how the event and the host city are covered in the media worldwide, both in the run-up to and during the event, and goes beyond what is covered in relation to sports. To gain insight into how mega-event imaginaries and their associated 'image value' travel through written media, we present a critical thematic analysis of the portrayal of Rio as the host city of the 2016 Summer Olympics in the Dutch language press. This analysis shows that besides financial, environmental, infrastructural, and safety aspects, media coverage abroad also includes a focus on the social context and effects of the mega-event on the local population. We conclude that despite the main city promotion and branding objectives of the mega-event host, there is little evidence of positive 'image value' of the Olympics for the city of Rio de Janeiro.


Doctors admitted they had administered lethal drug doses at patients' requests in 1.8 per cent of deaths studied in a survey in the Netherlands.


By dilution plate method,using potato dextrose agar medium,the "Golden-Flower" fungus Fu-brick tea produced in Shaanxi province,the birthplace of Fu-brick tea,was identified and analyzed for the first time.Strain JW0 was obtained through separation and purification.According to colony characteristics,morphology observation and back inoculation in Southern Shaanxi dried green tea,the strain was confirmed as Eurotium cristatum(Raper Fennell) Malloch Cain belonging to Eurotium genus,Eurotiaceae family,Eurotiales order,Ascomycetes.Its anamorph was Aspergillus cristatellus Kozak.,synonym of A.cristatus Raper Fennell,A.spiculosus Blaser.


A method for processing optical proximity correction is provided to correct the optical proximity effect quickly by forming an exposure mask as a test pattern having identical pitch and size to a layout of the exposure mask. The exposure mask in which a plurality of test patterns is inserted is prepared(S100). The database of the layout in which the optical proximity effect correction is made is analyzed(S200). The test pattern coinciding with data obtained to the analyzed result of database among a plurality of test patterns is classified(S300). The calibration data is secured about the classified test pattern(S400). The optical proximity effect correction of layout is performed by using calibration data(S500). The exposure mask comprises the phase inversion layer.


The nonlinear stiff differential equations of the equilibrium modedescribing batch azeotropic distillation are well solved by two-point implicit integration method.As an example of isopropanol-water-cyclohexane system,and compared simulation results with the experimental results.The results showed that entrainer reflux ratio:1 :5 of the top tower,the concentration of separated isopropanol is 99.5%;The maximum yield of isopropanol is 78%;simulation calculation result inosculates with the experimental result.The simulation calculation can reflect actual course.


In this note we analyze if currency hedging reduces the volatility of a portfolio. Based on historical data (2000m1-2018m12), we found that optimal levels of hedging will depend on the degree of risk of the underlying asset, being full-hedging for the case of high-quality sovereign bonds and very small hedging for equity indexes. Finding are consistent across both US and EU assets and different Latam currencies.


The performance of Underwater Acoustic Communication (UAC) systems are strongly related to the specific propagation conditions of the underwater channel. Horizontal, shallow-water channels are characterised by extremely disadvantageous transmission properties, due to strong multipath propagation and refraction phenomena. The paper presents the results of communication tests performed during a shallow, inland-water experiment with the use of a laboratory model of a UAC system implementing the Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique. The physical layer of data transmission is partially configurable, enabling adaptation of the modulation and channel coding parameters to the specific propagation conditions. The communication tests were preceded by measurement of the UAC channel transmission properties. Based on the estimated transmission parameters, four configurations of OFDM modulation parameters were selected, and for each of them, communication tests were performed with the use of two Error-Correction Coding (ECC) techniques. In each case, the minimum coding rate was determined for which reliable data transmission with a Bit Error Rate (BER) of less than 10 − 4 is possible.


The keynote of my Plea is that the work of the economist is ' to disentangle the interwoven effects of complex causes'; and that for this, general reasoning is essential, but a wide and thorough study of facts is equally essential, and tiat a combination of die two sides of the work is alone economics proper. Economic theory is, in my opinion, as mischievous an imposter when it claims to be economics proper as is mere crude unanalysed history. Six of y one, J dozen of y odier! Alfred Marshall in a letter to F. Y. Edgeworth, 28 August 1902


Deaf are people with less than perfect hearing conditions so they are unable to hear clearly or unable to hear at all. According to data, there are 223,655 people who are deaf in Indonesia. To communicate, Deaf prefer to use Indonesian Sign Language (BISINDO). However, because BISINDO is not an official language, there is no official dictionary or guide for learning BISINDO. Making a web-based BISINDO learning system with E-course method can be the answer to this problem because it could enrich the media that can be chosen by Deaf and non-Deaf so that they can learn BISINDO without any barriers of time, distance or cost. This research begins by conducting a literature review. Then a needs analysis is carried out that adjusts to the needs analysis stage in the Waterfall method. The next stage is system design and implementation. The first step is to implement the database using MySQL, then implement coding with PHP programming language assisted by the Laravel framework, and the final stage is to implement the interface using the ReactJS programming language. The next stage is integration and testing, by doing black box and white box testing. The testing method uses black-box testing by conducting validation tests on the functional stage of the system, the second testing method uses white-box testing for unit test with basis path testing, and the third testing uses SUS (System Usability Scale) method to test the usability aspect.


The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and antioxidant effect on the
essential oil from P. jiringa. The study take part on the leaves and twigs of P. jiringa. The
properties of P. jiringa were discovered and observed with several tests and analysis. The
study on phytochemical screening of P. jiringa leaves, revealed the presence of secondary
metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids and saponins that
indicating the potential of plant as traditional medicines. These chemical constituents also
found on TLC after spraying wih Vanillin/H2S04 reagent, FeCI3 reagent, Dragendorff's
reagent, boric and oxalic acid reagent, visualize under UV (254 nm) and UV (366 nm)
that indicated different chemical compounds. The antimicrobial properties which
involving antibacterial and antifungal were determined by using disc diffusion method
with different concentrations of solvent extractions against a gram-positive bacterial
strains: S. aureus and fungi yeast C. albicans. These microorganisms have potential to
cause some diseases such as pneumonia, catheter infections and yeast infection in the
vagina. The result showed that both essential oil extracts of P. jiringa leaves and twigs
does not inhibit the microbial growth of8.aureus and C.albicans. The antioxidant activity
of both P. jiringa leaves and twigs had given positive result through qualitative method
analysis using DPPH reagent. Thus, this P. jiringa might be potential to be antioxidant agent.


Red chili (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the important horticultural crops, yet its productivity is still relatively low. This study aims to determine the productivity of red chili improvement through the use of inorganic fertilizer and biofertilizer. The factorial randomized group design (RAK) experimental design with 2 factors and 3 replicates (10 plants for each replicate) was used in this research. Factor I consisted of four doses of inorganic fertilizer (K), namely: 200 kg/ha (k1), 300 kg/ha (k2), 400 kg/ha (k3), 500 kg/ha (k4). Factor II consists of four concentrations of biological fertilizer (H), namely: 10 ml/L (h1), 20 ml/L (h2), 30 ml/L (h3), 40 ml/L (h4). The results showed that there was no interaction effect between the use of inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and the concentration of biofertilizer (M-Bio) on fruit weight per plant (g/plant) and fruit yield per hectare (t/Ha). However, the single use of biofertilizer with a concentration of 20 ml/L significantly increased the productivity of fruit weight (555.75 g/plant or 14.81 t/Ha). Biofertilizers such as phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and nitrogen-fixing bacteria can increase the availability of macro and micro nutrients in the soil and the productivity of chili significantly. The use of biofertilizers has the benefit of reducing farmers' dependence on inorganic fertilizers. Therefore, the use of a combination of inorganic fertilizer and biofertilizer not only can be a good alternative to increase the productivity of red chili effectively and sustainably, but also to reduce the negative impact of using inorganic fertilizer on the environment.


Chronology further reading translator's note a note on currency map - Spain with the journeys of Lazaro and Pablos "Lazarillo de Tormes" "The Swindler (El Buscon)".


This paper proposes the robust recursive least-squares (RLS) Wiener fixed-point smoother and filter in linear discrete-time stochastic systems with parameter uncertainties. The uncertain parameters exist in the observation matrix and the system matrix. The uncertain parameters cause to generate the degraded signal. In this paper, the degraded signal process is fitted to the finite order autoregressive (AR) model. The robust RLS Wiener estimators use the system matrices and the observation matrices for both the signal and the degraded signal, the variance of the state vector for the degraded signal, the cross-variance of the state vector for the signal with the state vector for the degraded signal, and the variance of the white observation noise. Also, this paper proposes the robust recursive fixed-point smoother and filter, by using the covariance information of the state vector for the degraded signal, the cross-covariance information of the state vector for the signal with the state vector for the degraded signal, the observation matrices for both the degraded signal and the signal besides the variance of the white observation noise. In estimating the signal process expressed by the second order AR model, the proposed robust RLS Wiener filter is superior in estimation accuracy to the robust Kalman filter and the RLS Wiener filter.


A high-density (>1011 cm-3) CF4/H2 plasma was produced in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactor where an external helical coil is wound around a quartz tube. Capacitive coupling from the coil to the plasma caused the release of a large number of impurities ( SiF4 and CO) from the warm quartz wall close to the coil. These impurities significantly deteriorate the etch selectivity of SiO2 to Si in the ICP reactor. Water cooling and a Faraday shield are effective to suppress the release of impurities. Neutral radicals CF3, CF2, CF and F were measured in addition to ionic species. The high-density high electron-temperature ICP causes the formation of a large number of F atoms and CF+ ions with fewer CFx radicals, in comparison to a low-density capacitively coupled plasma (CCP). H2 addition to the CF4 discharge drastically modifies the CF3 and CF2 densities in the ICP as well as in the CCP. The high etch rates and the low selectivity of SiO2 to Si obtained in the ICP were discussed taking account of the residence time and the dissociation time of reactive species in the etching reactor.


Through scanning electronic microscope, it can be made sure of the antennae of adults of mulberry gall midge (Contarinia sp.) consist of scap,pedicel and 12 flagella. There are four kinds of sense hair being observed, including scattered long hair, close short hair, males ring-grown hair, females twined hair.


The authors demonstrate a simple method to identify noise sources in electron-beam systems and accurately quantify the resulting errors in feature placement. Line gratings with a 46 nm average pitch were patterned with electron-beam lithography and measured with transmission x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All SEM micrographs were analyzed in Fourier space to facilitate comparison with the XRD data. Diffraction profiles and Fourier transforms of SEM micrographs contained numerous "satellite" peaks, meaning weak peaks adjacent to the strong primary nodes, that are characteristic of periodic extensions and compressions in the grating pitch. The wavelength and amplitude of these pitch variations were calculated with a simple scaling law by comparing the positions and intensities of satellite peaks relative to their neighboring primary nodes. This approach is remarkably easy to implement because it does not require any modeling of electron density profiles. Data were used to ca...


Abstract When compared with the general population, people living with severe mental illness (SMI) are 1·8 times more likely to have obesity while in adult mental health secure units, rates of obesity are 20 % higher than the general population. In England, there are currently 490 000 people living with SMI. The aim of this systematic review was to collate and synthesise the available quantitative and qualitative evidence on a broad range of weight management interventions for adults living with SMI and overweight or obesity. Primary outcomes were reductions in BMI and body weight. Following sifting, eighteen papers were included in the final review, which detailed the results of nineteen different interventions; however, there was a lack of qualitative evidence. Pooled results for three studies (MD − 3·49, 95 % CI − 6·85, −0·13, P = 0·04) indicated a small effect in terms of body weight reduction but no effect on BMI for four studies (MD − 0·42, 95 % CI − 1·27, 0·44, P = 0·34). Key recommendations for future research included integration of qualitative methodology into experimental study design, a review of outcome measures and for study authors to follow standardised guidelines for reporting to facilitate complete and transparent reporting.


Star copolymers with good film‐forming and mechanical properties were in situ synthesized for fabricating proton exchange membranes. The monomers of 3,4‐diaminobenzoic acid were first grafted onto glycidyl‐polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (G‐POSS) cores and then propagated to the poly(2,5‐benzimidazole) (ABPBI) chains. The introduction of the star copolymer improves the movement of the ABPBI polymer chains, resulting in a lower internal viscosity and larger free volume that favor increased membrane flatness and absorbilities of water and phosphoric acid molecules, respectively. It was found that the star copolymers with 1.0 wt% of incorporated POSS (ABPBI‐1.0POSS) had the best balance of the acid retentivity and film‐forming property as well as mechanical properties that are desirable for proton exchange membranes without PA loss operating at high temperatures. The enhanced cell performance characteristics obtained using the ABPBI‐1.0POSS‐based membranes indicate that star copolymers are promising materials for use in high‐temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells.


Ammonia‐removal efficiency in constructed wetlands is often limited by the amount of oxygen available in the system. In this study, the oxygen‐transfer rates to laboratory‐scale, subsurface‐flow and free‐water‐surface constructed wetlands were quantified for two input concentrations of ammonia, 10 and 50 mg nitrogen/L, both with and without Typha latifolia. Rates of oxygen diffusion into the subsurface‐flow constructed wetlands were 6.01 to 7.92 g/m2·d and were strongly correlated with ammonia concentration in the water. In contrast, low oxygen diffusion rates of 1.36 to 1.76 g/m2·d were observed for the free‐water‐surface system. The presence of Typha latifolia had small but consistent effects on atmospheric oxygen‐diffusion rates and ammonia‐removal efficiencies in both the subsurface‐flow and free‐water‐surface systems. The observed small effects were consistent with measurements of oxygen inputs from T. latifolia roots. Only approximately 0.023 g/m2·d of oxygen was released from roots of T. latifolia, as measured using the titanium (III) citrate buffer method. The results for the ammonia‐removal rates of the laboratory‐scale constructed wetlands were further verified using pilot‐scale constructed wetlands under greenhouse conditions.


Road alignment is one of the main factors affecting traffic safety. The vehicle driving trace is the main basis of road alignment design, which has the geometric characteristics of ride comfort, continuous trace curvature, and continuous curvature variation. Since the geometric characteristics of alignment are less considered in the current abnormal driving trace detection methods, a multi-measure fusion method for abnormal driving trace detection of intelligent vehicles was proposed. The three evaluation indexes of curve similarity, ride comfort, and number of consecutive lane changes were integrated to comprehensively evaluate the abnormal driving trace. A piecewise-weighted-average discrete Fréchet distance (PDFD) algorithm was proposed to calculate the curve similarity. This paper analyzed the two dimensions of ride comfort, i.e., the composition of alignment components and the geometric characteristic parameters of alignment components of the driving trace. The five-point orthogonal fitting curvature method was used to extract the alignment components of the driving trace and the segmentation points of each alignment component. According to the principle of orthogonal least squares, the mathematical model of the alignment component of the driving trace was established, and the geometric characteristic parameters were calculated, such as the starting point, end point, radius of the circular curve, center of the circle, starting radius and ending radius of the transition curve, length of alignment components, and curve trend. The experimental results show that the overall accuracy of the abnormal driving trace detection method is 80.4%; the proportion of anomalies caused by the jump of the curvature variation is 41%; the accuracy of the PDFD algorithm is 81%, which is 14% higher than that of the conventional Fréchet distance algorithm of 67%.


In a previous paper,the rate of propylene oxide (PO) polymerization catalyzed by double metal cyanide complexes (DMC) had been determined to be pro portional to the catalyst amount c and the square of monomer concentration M.The same reaction in the presence of substances containing ac tive hydrogens which were applied to regulate the molecular weights of the produ ced polyethers was inrestigated in this paper.All the reactions were carried out in 0 1 L autoclaves equipped w ith manometers and the induction period t 0 and polymerization rate R p were det ermined by means of pressure measurements.It was found that regulators with high er OH functionality showed greater influence on t 0,which was prolonged wit h ad dition of regulators except cyclohexanol.It was also found that the polymerizat ion rate depended on the type of regulators and was inversely proportional to a linear function of the regulator concentration Tr.Moreover, a limited amount of water behaved as a strong bifunctional regulator which intensively influenced t 0 an d R p; the presence of excess water deactivated the catalyst and hindered t he polymerization.It w as revealed that the DMC catalyst and the monomer both were necessary for the in i tiation of the polymerization.Based on this understanding,a possible mechanism w as propo sed for the polymerization and a kinetic equation as following was deduced,which was in well accordance with experimental results.R\-p=KM 2c/(1+kTr)


sulphate and 50-72% as ether glucuronide. 1-3% is excreted unconjugated. 3. Small amounts of the xylenols have been isolated by direct extraction of the metabolic urines and characterized as carbanilates. 4. Crystalline glucuronides have been isolated as metabolites of all six isomers. 5. Evidence has been obtained by means ofpaper chromatography ofthe excretion ofsmall amounts of phenolic and reducing metabolites of the xylenols. 2:5-Dihydroxy-1:3-dimethylbenzene has beenidentifled as a metabolite of both 2:6and 3:5-xylen-1-ols. 6. The xylenes have been shown to give rise to non-acidic phenol, 0-1-0-3 % being excreted free and 2-4% conjugated. 2:5-Xylen-l-ol was isolated from p-xylene urine and characterized as its carbanilate.


Layered control architectures in biology and neuroscience can be used to mitigate speed-accuracy tradeoffs, with low-layer quantized controllers carrying out time-sensitive tasks at reduced precision. Here, we describe and optimize the worst-case approximation loss for a quantized controller: the maximum control and state costs paid in the quantized case that would not be paid in the full-precision case. We show that the optimal design of a quantizer depends on the dynamics and the state and control costs, leading notably to cases in which systematically biased estimates of state are optimal for control. We further show that high-layer input can direct a low-layer controller to flexibly execute quantized control across context-related cost functions, with component-level mechanisms that are plausibly implementable in biological settings.


In recent years, Web services have gained speedy development since it has gotten great support from many organizations and enterprises, which proposed and figured out lots of technologies and standards that related to Web services and vigorously promoted them in industry application. Therefore, many terms have been coined to represent the electronic concepts and applications such as e-Business and e-Commerce. This paper is conducted to look into Web services technology can be imported into the e-commercial system to help us design an online bookstore application. The objectives of the study is to modify the Web services to gives the best solution to these issues for its advantages including open standard protocols, high integration, loosely coupled and nice encapsulated. In accordance with a novel e-business application system structure, this study describes the dynamic online bookstore application based on Web services and shows its Web service interfaces and application scheme.


Aim: There is air in the pleural space without an external effect in the case of spontaneous pneumothorax, and it is important in terms of treatment, clinic, and underlying diseases in thoracic surgery. In this study, it was aimed to present the approach to the patients with spontaneous pneumothorax in the period of compulsory public service. Material and Methods: The patients who were treated with spontaneous pneumothorax between June 2017 and January 2018 in our clinic were included in this study. Gender, age, smoking status, type of treatment and length of hospital stay were recorded. Result: 18 patients (2 female, 16 male) were included in the study. Eleven of the patients (61.1%) were smoking. Surgical treatment was applied to 7 (38.8%) of the patients. As a surgical approach, videothoracoscopic wedge resection and partial pleural decortication in 5 patients, videothoracoscopic bulla ligation and partial pleural decortication in 1 patient and thoracotomy bulla ligation in 1 patient were applied. Ten patients were treated with tube thoracostomy and one patient was treated with nasal oxygen. Complications did not occur in the patients. Conlusion: Spontaneous pneumothorax is a disease requiring urgent diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of the treatment is to provide the lung totally expanded and to prevent recurrence of pneumothorax. Tube thoracostomy is usually the first approach, but we recommend that the videothoracoscopic surgery can be used in the conditions of the public hospital because of its advantages for the patients who have surgical indications.


Attempts to improve the safety of motorists at intersections began in the 1930s and 1940s with the construction of traffic circles in several states. As a result of design and alignment of right-of-way defects and nonuniform signing, however, the circles did little to promote safety. Moreover, they tended to constrict traffic flow. The roundabout, a variation of the traffic circle, may provide a solution to these problems in some instances. In Western Europe, where this type of intersection is commonly found, changes in roundabout design, along with changes in traffic regulations, have noticeably increased road safety and capacity. Now many highway engineers in the United States have become advocates for roundabouts as a means to reduce accidents and improve traffic flow. This article presents further information on the following: roundabout characteristics; sites where roundabouts make sense; safety versus road capacity of roundabouts; safety analysis in Europe and the United States; traffic delay analysis in the United States; and future research.


My subject is not so easy as the two simple words, Books and Industry, might imply. Books are voluminous, of their writing there is no end. Industry is as wide as the needs of mankind. Some demarcation and limitation of the field to be considered is essential.


Human language is indirect,esp.language of scolding or blaming someone.Indirect speech of scolding is a kind of indirect speech act.ISA(Indirect Speech Act) proposed by Searle doesn't explain the cognitive environment of S and H respectively,thus it cannot explain why S takes round-about way to scold H and how H infers,and so forth.This paper aims to demonstrate the overwhelming explanatory power of RT over ISA,by analyzing indirect speech act of scolding within the framework of RT(Relevance Theory).


Satcom (Satellite Communication) techniques and their requirements have been developing tremendously for the last two decades. Almost all communications rely on Satellite communication technology. Integrating 5G with Satcom, enabling NR (New Radio) technique playing an important role to pave the way, and facilitating the growth towards the future Tele Communications methods. There are various advancements and new trends are available in Satcom especially Low Earth Orbit constellations which would reduce the latency considerably compared to Geosynchronous Orbit Satellite which is playing important and an inevitable role for Modern Tele communications and technology moving towards Interconnection of Everything(IoE). Here we are focused on Optical wireless communication for different satellites networks, Inter Satellite links (ISL), Ground to satellite links as well. Space Laser communication allows enhanced anti-interference because of its narrow beam property. This paper presents the advancements, future directions of research scope and challenges on Satellite communication and its related networks establishments, design challenges and subsequent effects in brief.


Cylindrical cavities of circular cross section are extensively used in acoustics in the calibration of microphones and receivers. Such a cavity having plane ends is assumed to be driven by motion of one of the plane ends. Solutions of the wave equation in the form of Fourier‐Bessel expansions for the distribution of pressure and particle velocity (as a function of frequency) within the cavity are obtained. The theoretical results are compared with experimental measurements of amplitude and phase of sound pressure within cylindrical cavities.


We investigated the growth of Bi2Te3 thin films on (111) CaF2 and (111) BaF2 substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Stoichiometric Bi2Te3 thin films were grown using targets with excess tellurium. We adopted a combinatorial temperature variation principle, where the growth temperature is monotonically varied during the growth. This growth method is supportive to effectively minimize Te loss in the Bi2Te3 films. We found large differences in growth conditions between Bi2Te3 thin films on the CaF2 and BaF2 substrates. The lattice matched (111) BaF2 substrate is preferred to grow Bi2Te3 for the further development of topological electronics.


Hysteresis is often present in strain-stress curves that describe the mechanical properties of the blood vessels. In this paper we propose to use the Maxwell-slip model in order to describe the hysteresis curve in aorta and other blood vessels. An optimization method for parameters of the Maxwell-slip model using variable length genotype adapted for differential evolutionary algorithm is proposed. The experimental results showed a very good approximation of the hysteresis curve using the Maxwell-slip model and the proposed optimization method.


Between chores and dreams - social situation and personal expectations of women in the immediate postwar years equal rights for women - a profile of legislative change family life and lifestyles women in education - schools, vocational training and universities women in employment - structural changes and personal opportunities women and politics in West Germany women in the new Germany.


In order to study the effect of the inputting interface of earthquake ground motion on the ground peak acceleration(Amax),based on hundreds of actual engineering site profiles,several significant site profiles are selected and built.Amax of four types of sites are calculated and analyzed in detail under six earthquake inputs with different intensities by using the equivalent linearization and wave propagation method for the earthquake response analysis of soil layers.The effect of different inputting interfaces of earthquake ground motion on Amax is analyzed.The result show that when the earthquake inputs are general(the peak is 10 Gal,50 Gal or 120 Gal),Amax changes little with the change of the inputting interface of earthquake ground motion;when the earthquake inputs are great(the peak is 250 Gal,300 Gal or 400 Gal),Amax for the sites of the second type and the third type change significantly with the change of the inputting interface of earthquake ground motion,while the ground peak accelerations for the sites of the first type and the fourth type change little.


Chelidonium majus L has long history as a being useful for the treatment of many diseases in Asian and European countries. Aim of this study is to cultivate callus and cell suspension culture in vitro using plant phytohormones. The proliferative capacity was tested on shoot and root explants, cultivated on Murashige-Skoog basal medium testing two auxins: 2,4-diclorphenoxiacetic acid (2.4D) and napheteline acetic acid in combination with cytokinine: kinnetine (K). Calluses were developed on MS medium with 0.5 mg/l Kin, 0.5 mg/l IAA from root explants, as well when added with 0.5 mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l Kin from shoot explants. More biomass of cell suspension culture of shoot and root callus was accumulated on MS medium added with 0.1mg/l Kin. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.238 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.150-154


Abstract Development of serious complications after COVID-19 infection
can occur even in very young patients without any comorbidities.
Appropriate, non-aggressive ventilation and adequate treatment is
essential for COVID-19 convalescents and may prevent them from
aggravating surgical procedures.


Quantum walks contribute significantly for developing quantum algorithms and quantum simulations. Here, we introduce a first of its kind one-dimensional quantum walk in the $d$-dimensional quantum domain, where $d>2$ and show its equivalence for circuit realization in an arbitrary finite-dimensional quantum logic for utilizing the advantage of larger state space, which helps to reduce the run-time of the quantum walks as compared to the conventional binary quantum systems. We provide efficient quantum circuits for the implementation of discrete-time quantum walks (DTQW) in one-dimensional position space in any finite-dimensional quantum system using an appropriate logical mapping of the position space on which a walker evolves onto the multi-qudit states. With example circuits for various qudit state spaces, we also explore scalability in terms of $n$-qudit $d$-ary quantum systems. Further, the extension of one-dimensional DTQW to $d$-dimensional DTQW using $2d$-dimensional coin space on $d$-dimensional lattice has been studied, where $d>=2$. Thereafter, the circuit design for the implementation of scalable $d$-dimensional DTQW in $d$-ary quantum systems has been portrayed. Lastly, we exhibit the circuit design for the implementation of DTQW using different coins on various search-spaces.


A sub-sampling time-interleaved photonic analog-to-digital converter based on an optoelectronic oscillator is demonstrated. A sampling rate of 20GS/s, analog bandwidth of 8GHz and ENOB of 4.6bits are realized with a test signal of 21.5GHz single-tone.


Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) has been shown to play a central role in the promotion of cell motility, but its functional mechanism has remained unclear. With the aim of investigating the diagnostic and treatment modalities for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the signaling pathway that may contribute to TGF‐β‐mediated cell invasion in hepatoma cells was evaluated.


Helical magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability (MRTI) structures have been observed in z-pinch-driven liner implosion experiments with a pre-imposed axial magnetic field. We show that the formation of these helical structures can be described by a Hall magnetohydrodynamical (HMHD) model. We used the 3D extended magnetohydrodynamics simulation code PERSEUS (which includes Hall physics) [C. E. Seyler and M. R. Martin, Phys. Plasmas 18, 012703 (2011)] to study these helical instabilities and show that a Hall interchange instability in low-density coronal plasma immediately surrounding the dense liner is responsible for producing helically oriented effects in the magnetic field and current density within the coronal layer. This seeds the helical pitch angle of the MRTI even when other proposed helical seeding mechanisms are either not present in the experiments or not accounted for in the simulations. For example, this mechanism does not require low-density power-feed plasmas to be swept in from large radius or the development of electrothermal instabilities. The Hall Instability is thus a new, independent explanation for the origin of the helical instabilities observed in axially premagnetized liner experiments. Simulation results supporting this mechanism are presented.


Chief Scientists: Robert Stern, Sherman Bloomer. Data (dredge) of field activity TT192 (T-92-85-WP) in Marianas from 01/01/1985 to 01/01/1985, http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/t/t9285wp/html/t-92-85-wp.meta.html.


In this paper we discuss some properties of a Rademacher process defined on an interval $[0,1]$ by $X_{t}=\sum_{i=1}^d a_i(t) \varepsilon_{i}$ for $d\geq3$, non-negative functions $a_i(t)$ satisfying some monotonicity conditions and i.i.d sequence of Rademacher random variables $(\varepsilon_i)$. In particular we use chaining method to provide bound for the median of $X=\sup_{t\in[01]}X_{t}$. These are partial results towards the main question posed by W. Szatzschneider about Levy-Ottaviani type of inequality for $X$. Specifically it was concjectured that under certain conditions $\mathbb{P}(\sup_{t\in [0,1]}\sum^n_{i=1}a_i(t)\varepsilon_i>1)$ is dominated by $2\mathbb{P}(\sum^n_{i=1}a_i(1)\varepsilon_i>1)$.


The utility model discloses a barreled gum rosin tank opening device and relates to the technical field of manufacturing of gum rosin processing equipment. The barreled gum rosin tank opening device comprises a frame body and a longitudinal guide rail vertically mounted on the frame body, wherein a shaft bracket is vertically mounted on the longitudinal guide rail, and the shaft bracket is driven by a power cylinder to move up and down and provided with a rotating shaft; a horizontal guide rail arranged horizontally is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft; a first power machine is connected with the rotating shaft; a horizontal lead screw driven by a second power machine is arranged on the horizontal guide rail; a knife rest is mounted on the horizontal lead screw; a cutting knife is mounted on the knife rest. Compared with the prior art, the barreled gum rosin tank opening device can solve the problems that the existing barreled gum rosin is inconvenient to open and high in tank opening cost.


The study of type and non-type material of species of the genus Idiops Perty, 1833, Southeastern Brazil, enabled to enhance the taxonomical knowledge of these species. Thus, Idiops montealegrensis Soares, 1944 is synonymized with Idiops camelus Mello Leitao, 1937; Idiops germaini Simon, 1892 described from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is confirmed as a valid species and Idiops pirassununguensis n. sp. is described from Pirassununga, Sao Paulo, Brazil. In addition, Idiops nilopolensis Mello Leitao, 1923, from Nilopolis, Rio de Janeiro is considered species inquirenda and new records are presented for Idiops camelus.


In a message submitted to Congress on January 22, 1807, President Jefferson called attention to activities by a combination of private individuals who had endangered the nation. Admitting that a mixture of rumors and suspicions made it difficult to determine the actual facts, he nevertheless chose to identify Aaron Burr as the principal actor "whose guilt is placed beyond question." In advance of a trial, submission and evaluation of evidence, and final verdict by a court, Jefferson publicly found Burr guilty of treasonous conduct punishable by hanging. What prompted Jefferson to make this accusation and what constitutional and legal violations occurred in his pursuit of Burr?


Colloidal quantum dots, nanocrystal semiconductors that can be cross-linked and assembled into absorbing thin films, are an attractive material for third-generation photovoltaic applications due to low-cost fabrication and bandgap tunability. As a result of their limited charge transport, these solution-processed thin films suffer from a mismatch in absorption length and charge extraction length. Concepts based on the interdigitation of nand p-doped layers, approaches that reduce the distance photogenerated carriers must travel before extraction, offer promise on overcoming this limitation. In this thesis, I explore and develop techniques to address the absorption-extraction compromise in CQD materials by implementing nanoand micro-structuring techniques to enhance light absorption in


ABSTRACT Lysobacter capsici strain X2-3 was isolated from the wheat rhizosphere in China and exhibits a remarkable capacity to inhibit the growth of multiple pathogens. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of L. capsici strain X2-3 in China.


Background: Puerto Ricans living in the mainland US have substantially higher rates of cognitive impairment as compared to non-Hispanic Whites, with air pollutant exposures a potential risk factor. We investigated whether exposures to specific air pollution sources were associated with cognitive impairment in a cohort of Puerto Rican older adults. Objectives: To investigate the association between sources of PM2.5 and cognitive function in each of five cognitive domains. Methods: We obtained demographic, health, and cognitive function data for 1500 elderly participants of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS). Cognitive function was assessed in each of two waves for five domains: verbal memory, recognition, mental processing, and executive and visuospatial function. To these data, we linked concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its components, black carbon (BC), nickel, sulfur, and silicon, as tracers for PM2.5 from traffic, oil combustion, coal combustion, and resuspended dust, respectively. Associations between each PM2.5 component and cognitive domain were examined using linear mixed models. Results: One year moving average exposures to BC were significantly associated with decreased verbal memory (-0.35,;95% CI: -0.38,-0.27), recognition (-0.35; 95% CI: -0.43,-0.27), mental processing (-0.98; 95% CI: -1.31,-0.59), and executive function (-0.89; 95% CI: -1.07,-0.45). Similar associations were found for nickel. Associations for sulfur, and silicon, and PM2.5 were


FIELD: information technologies. SUBSTANCE: mobile terminal comprises a sensor keyboard, a processor of a touch sensor designed to read a signal entered from a key, selected by the user, and to display information of location that corresponds to the selected key, on the basis of the read signal. And also a control processor (CP) designed to produce control signals on the basis of displayed location information, and a light diode controller designed to independently excite a light diode corresponding to the selected key, on the basis of produced control signals. At the same time the sensor keyboard comprises the first unit, which has light-emitting devices related to each of multiple keys, and the second unit provided above the first unit and having grooves to locate according light-emitting devices, and having a guide part to direct the light from each light-emitting device to one related key out of many, and also a sensor keyboard providing for multiple keys. EFFECT: possibility to easily to recognise the selected key with the help of independent excitation of that light guide only, which corresponds to the key selected by the user. 28 cl, 8 dwg


Synchronization is of concern in AC power systems. Existing synchronization algorithms are hardware intensive. A single phase synchronization scheme referred to as a multi-rate phase locked loop (MPLL) has been reported. The stability of the MPLL is influenced by amplitude variations. An amplitude estimation module based on a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm and an automatic gain control (AGC) are employed to decouple amplitude variations from phase variations. The implementation of the FFT-based amplitude-estimator is complex and hardware intensive. A peak detector module that utilizes only two multiplexers and one comparator is proposed to replace the FFT-based amplitude-estimator. A real-time positive sequence detector is also combined with the MPLL in order to allow process of the three-phase signals. The overall system is implemented and compared for both FFT-based and peak detector approaches and indicates a 60 dB immunity to impulse noise and harmonic contamination and a 20 dB dynamic range


The fit of a wearable device, such as a prosthesis, can be quantitatively characterized by the mechanical coupling at the user-device interface. It is thought that the mechanical impedance, specifically the stiffness and damping, of wearable device interfaces can significantly impact human performance while using them. To test this theory, we develop a forearm-mounted testbed with a motorized, two degree of freedom (2-DOF) gimbal to simulate variations in the mechanical fit of an upper-extremity wearable device during pointing and target tracking tasks. The two gimbal motors are impedance-controlled to vary the mechanical stiffness and damping between the user and the device's laser pointer end-effector. In this paper, experiments are conducted to determine the torque constants of the motors before implementation in the testbed, and to validate the accuracy of the joint impedance controller. The completed impedance-controlled wearable interface testbed is validated further by comparing the gimbal joint displacements and torques, recorded during 2-DOF base excitation experiments, to MATLAB Simulink simulation data.


This paper examines emergent information systems and technologies and explains under what supply and demand conditions inter-firm modularization of information-based products and services and subsequent vertical de-integration of organizations is more likely. Research in organizational economics identifies transactional attributes such as coordination costs, asset specificity, and the economic non-separability problem to help explain and predict vertical de-integration. We extend this perspective by considering the modularization of information-based products and services that is noticeable to the customer to develop a framework that joins the four cornerstones of (1) transaction-related efforts; (2) commitment-related contractual risks; (3) measurement-related contractual risks; and (4) modularization-related impacts on value.


ABSTRACT In-situ impedance measuring method that uses environmental noise, i.e. EA-Noise method, has been developed by some of the authors recently. In this paper, a room acoustic improvement method that utilizes both the in-situ measurement impedances obtained by the EA-Noise method and the authors' large scale finite element sound field analysis (LsFE-SFA) is proposed, and it is intended to show effectiveness of the improvement method. At first, acoustic impedances of materials in an actual seminar room are measured by the EA-Noise method on four sound source conditions: (a) all windows are closed and supplemental sound source is not used; (b) all windows are opened and supplemental sound source is not used; (c) all windows are opened and a vacuum cleaner is used; (d) all windows are opened and a loud speaker is used. As a result, the use of some supplemental sound source, i.e. sound source condition (c) and (d), gives stable measurement results. Next, some absorption installation patterns to improve room acoustic characteristics are investigated by the LsFE-SFA with the impedances measured by EA-Noise method, and one of the patterns is actually installed in the room. Finally, effects of room acoustic improvement by the absorption installation pattern are measured and compared with those predicted by the analysis.


The cost of not having a system in place to capture changes in environmental regulation can be high, as a Victorian water utility recently discovered.


Terpenoid lactones with di- and trimethylcyclohexane systems 2-iodo-4,4-dimethyl-9-oxabicyclo(4.3.0)nonan-8-one, 4,4,6-trimethyl- 9-oxabicyclo(4.3.0)nonan-2,8-dione, and 2-acetoxy-4,4,6-trimethyl-9- oxabicyclo(4.3.0)nonan-8-one delayed aphid settling for 1-2 hours. 2-Iodo-4,4- dimethyl-9-oxabicyclo(4.3.0)nonan-8-one reduced the duration of the first probe 14-fold, fewer aphids reached phloem vessels, and phloem vessels were penetrated 1.5 hour later on lactone-treated plants compared to controls during the course of 8-hour experiments. The duration of the first period of sustained feeding was shorter as was the mean probing time after the first period of feeding, which may indicate the ingestive and post-ingestive mode of action of 2-iodo-4,4-dimethyl- 9-oxabicyclo(4.3.0)nonan-8-one.


In current conditions, the most effective method of preventing pneumococcal infections (PI) is vaccination, which can significantly reduce the incidence and mortality from pneumococcus and reduce the level of antibiotic resistance. The use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines has reduced the incidence of invasive PIs in vaccinated children and unvaccinated populations. This is especially true for children with severe somatic pathology, including those with various forms of heart failure (HF). The data show that vaccination of sick HF children can be a clinically effective intervention to improve the treatment results of circulatory failure and improve patients' quality of life. However, questions regarding the optimal timing of vaccination of sick children with heart failure, dose, frequency and strategies of vaccine introduction still need to be resolved. Data on the pathophysiology of cardioprotection provision during effective vaccination against PI, influenza and COVID-19 in cardiac pathology are summarized. The authors recommend providing conditions for effective vaccine prevention of PI in children with heart failure.


Solvate ionic liquids (SILs), which consist of a solvate ion and its counter ion, are expected as the electrolyte for the new generation Lithium-ion batteries [1]. Li-glymes SIL is an equimolar mixture of lithium salts and glyme of an oligoether such as triglyme and tetraglyme (Gn: CH3O-(CH2CH2O)
 n
 -CH3, n = 3 and 4). Li-glymes SIL shows favorable liquid properties like ordinary aprotic ionic liquids; negligible vapor pressure, practically non-inflammability, ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability, and so on. Watanabe et al. [2] have proposed that the specific Li+ ion hopping conduction occurs in the Li-glymes SIL. In Lithium-ion batteries with Li-glymes SIL, the desolvated Li+ ions are intercalated into graphite electrode, however, the co-intercalation of Li+ ion and glyme into the electrode occurs in the battery using the excess glyme electrolyte solution [3]. This suggests that the solvent activity affects the electrode reaction. In the present study, we prepared lithium ionic liquids with oligoether chains (Figure 1) and measured those physical and electrochemical properties.
 Infrared spectroscopic (IR) measurements were carried out to identify the prepared lithium ionic liquids. An intense peak, which cannot be observed in the IR spectra of the raw materials, appears in approximately 1000 cm-1. This peak is attributable to B-O vibration mode, suggesting that the lithium ionic liquids are synthesized. We here define the new lithium ionic liquids as LiB(Gn)4 (n = 3 or 4). The ionic conductivities of LiB(G3)4 and Li(B4)4 are 0.20 and 0.37 mS cm-1, respectively. In addition, Li+ ion transport number is approximately 0.5 for both LiB(G3)4 and Li(B4)4., which is higher than that of electrolyte solution used in a commercial lithium-ion battery. This suggests that Li+ ion hopping conduction may occur via the exchange among glymes which are side chain of anion.

 References

 [1] C. Austen Angell, Y. Ansari, Z. Zhao, Faraday Discuss., 154, 9-27 (2012).
 [2] K. Yoshida, M. Nakamura, Y. Kazue, N. Tachikawa, S. Tsuzuki, S. Seki, K. Dokko, M. Watanabe, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 133, 13121-13129 (2011).
 [3] H. Moon, R. Tatara, T. Mandai, K. Ueno, K. Yoshida, N. Tachikawa, T. Yasuda, K. Dokko, M. Watanabe, J. Phys. Chem. C, 118, 20246-20256 (2014).

 Figure 1


Following the description of a mediation session by F. M. Dostojewskij this article illustrates a narrative understanding of conflict- and conflict-solutionnarratives; mediating interventions are thought as suggestions for transition in the process of narration. In a following second part a phase-model of the mediation process will be presented.


During a randomized double‐blind study to assess the antiviral activity of saquinavir (SQV) alone or in combination with zidovudine (ZDV), the emergence of phenotypic resistance was evaluated in 44 patients treated with SQV (13 subjects), ZDV (14 subjects), and SQV plus ZDV (17 subjects). A significant (P < 0.05) lower CD4+ cell count and higher HIV RNA copy number at entry were found in six patients who developed resistant viral strain (3 to ZDV and 3 to SQV) during the first 4 months of treatment. After 1 year, drug‐resistant strains (12 to ZDV and 14 to SQV) were isolated in 26 out of 37 patients. A significant higher number of patients treated with ZDV alone (10/13) harbored ZDV‐resistant strains compared to patients treated by combination therapy (2/13); whereas more than 50% of patients had SQV‐resistant strains aside from treatment. Early SQV‐resistant strains were isolated in a limited number of patients treated with SQV alone (3/13). The rates of emergence of resistant strains during ZDV or SQV monotherapies are comparable. Combination therapy may delay the emergence of phenotypic resistance to either drugs in the short term and to ZDV, but not to SQV, at least after 1 year. J. Med. Virol. 56:332–336, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


We reported2cases of middle-aged females,who had first noticed hypo-and hyperpigmented macules on the back8years and16years before respectively.One had shown a nonprogressive lesion since its occurrence,while another gradually developed its extent with the tendency of coalescence of hyperpigmented macules.Both of them showed localized and well de-marcated lesions without squamous,atrophic or telangiectatic conditions.Skin biopsy revealed a slightly focal atrophic epidermis and varying intensity of pigmentation throughout the basal layer and pigmentary incontinence along with focal liquefaction degen-eration.Crystal violet and Congo red staining were negative.Their clinical and pathologic characteristics coincided with localized dyschromatosis.They were first two cases reported in China.The cause of dyschromatosis is still unknown.It should be distin-guished from dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria(DSH)and dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria(DUH).No effective treatment is available.


We present two multipoint interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) detected by the Tianwen-1 and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution spacecraft at Mars and the BepiColombo (0.56 au ∼0.67 au) upstream of Mars from 2021 December 5 to 31. This is the first time that BepiColombo is used as an upstream solar wind monitor ahead of Mars and that Tianwen-1 is used to investigate the magnetic field characteristics of ICMEs at Mars. The Heliospheric Upwind Extrapolation time model was used to connect the multiple in situ observations and the coronagraph observations from STEREO/SECCHI and SOHO/LASCO. The first fast coronal mass ejection event (∼761.2 km s−1), which erupted on December 4, impacted Mars centrally and grazed BepiColombo by its western flank. The ambient slow solar wind decelerated the west flank of the ICME, implying that the ICME event was significantly distorted by the solar wind structure. The second slow ICME event (∼390.7 km s−1) underwent an acceleration from its eruption to a distance within 0.69 au and then traveled with the constant velocity of the ambient solar wind. These findings highlight the importance of background solar wind in determining the interplanetary evolution and global morphology of ICMEs up to Mars distance. Observations from multiple locations are invaluable for space weather studies at Mars and merit more exploration in the future.


In the biopharmaceutical industry, Raman spectroscopy is now a proven PAT tool that enables in‐line simultaneous monitoring of several CPPs and CQAs in real‐time. However, as Raman monitoring requires multivariate modeling, variabilities unknown by models can impact the monitoring prediction accuracy. With the widespread use of Raman PAT tools, it is necessary to fix instrumental variability impacts, encountered for instance during a device replacement. In this work, we investigated the impact of instrumental variability between probes inside a multi‐channel analyzer and between two analyzers, and explored solutions to correct them on model prediction errors in cell cultures. It is shown that the Kennard Stone piecewise direct standardization (KS PDS) method enables to lower model prediction errors between probes of a multi‐channel analyzer from 20% to 10% on the cell densities (TCD/VCD). Considering the integration of a new device or the replacement of a previous one, it has been determined that a first cell culture monitoring can be directly performed with the new analyzer calibrated by the KS PDS method based on the dataset from the previous analyzer, with an accuracy better than 10% on the main components of the culture like glucose, lactate, and the cell densities. Then, the new data obtained by the new analyzer can be inserted in a global calibration dataset to integrate instrumental variability in the chemometric model: it is shown that only one batch with the new device in a consistent and equilibrated calibration dataset was sufficient to correct the prediction gap induced by instrumental variability, allowing to exploit the data from previous analyzers considering optimized methods. This methodology provides good multivariate calibration model prediction errors throughout the instrumental changes which is a requirement for model maintenance.


In this paper, we consider a joint economic lot size (JELS) model consisting of single vendor single buyerwith single product. We intend to study the impact of defective items and controllable production rate onthe model. The demand in buyer side is assumed to be stochastic. The delivery of lot from vendor to buyer is conducted under equal size shipment and the lead time is assumed to be constant. The defective items founded by the inspector in buyer side are carried in buyer's storage until the next shipment and will be returned to the vendor. The goal of the proposed model is to determine optimal delivery frequency, review period and production rate by minimizing the joint total cost. A sensitivity analysis is performed to show the impact of the changes of the decision variables on model's behavior. The result from the sensitivity analysis shows that the joint total cost is sensitive to the changes of defect rate, demand uncertainty and demand rate.


We present a comprehensive study of electron energy losses by fast electrons that occur in isolated single-crystal Ge nanowires with organic monolayer-passivated surfaces. A ∼0.5 nm diameter electron probe in a scanning transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy loss spectrometer (STEM-ELS) was used to study plasmon and core electron excitations. Losses due to scattering from volume and surface plasmons vary with respect to the probe position relative to the nanowire surface, and the volume plasmon energy increases with decreasing diameter for nanowires narrower than 24 nm. Below 24 nm, the organic monolayer-coated nanowires also exhibit size-dependent Ge 3d core ionization spectra that shift to higher energy with reduced diameter that are independent of probe position relative to the surface. In contrast, the Ge 3d edge for surface-oxidized nanowires exhibits a chemically induced shift when positioned near the surface.


A sucien t condition for root-class residuality of HNN-extensions with root-class residual base group is proven; namely if G = hA; t; t 1 Ht = K; 'i is the HNN-extension with base group A, stable letter t and associated subgroups H and K via the isomorphism ', then G is root-class residual if group A is root-class residual and there exists a homomorphism of group G onto some group of a root-class such that is one-to-one on H. For the particular case when H = K and ' is the identical map, it is shown that G is root-class residual if and only if A is root-class residual and subgroup H of A is root-class separable. These results are generalized to multiple HNN-extensions.


The examination system in line with the characteristics in different institutions of higher education,but many online the examination system will guarantee a justice examination for any function to prevent cheating.This article mainly discusses several prevent cheating strategy to enhance justice of online the examination system.


iQID (intensified quantum imaging detector) is a novel CCD/CMOS-based ultra-high-resolution photon-counting gamma-ray and x-ray detector technology recently developed at the Center for Gamma-Ray Imaging (CGRI) at the University of Arizona. In this work, we report further advances in iQID's capabilities in terms of dark-noise suppression, sensitivity and field of view (FOV). A new frame-parsing algorithm has been developed that is capable of eliminating certain kinds of dark noise originating in the image intensifier while at the same time maintaining high processing speed for photon-counting applications. To improve detector sensitivity, a thicker 1.65 mm columnar CsI(Tl) scintillator has been tested and compared against the original 450 μm columnar CsI(Tl) scintillator in terms of detector sensitivity and resolution. A study of the depth-of-interaction effects of the thicker scintillator has been performed. Simulation and experimental results are in agreement. Finally, to facilitate the use of iQID technology for clinical applications, four large-magnification fiber-optic tapers were tiled together to increase the total detection area to 188×188 mm2. When all of the upgrades are combined, a novel high-sensitivity, high-resolution and large-FOV CCD/CMOS-based gamma-ray detector prototype will be available for evaluation in preclinical and clinical applications.


Multilayer mirrors are the important optical elements for astronomical observation at extreme ultraviolet region. In this article, three kinds of multilayer mirrors were introduced for solar observation and magnetosphere observation. Mo/Si multilayer mirror was fabricated for solar Fe-XII emission line at wavelength of 19.5nm. For solar He-II radiation at 30.4 nm, Mo/Si, Si/SiC, Si/C, Si/B4C and Mg/SiC multilayers were investigated, and the measurements results shows that Mg/SiC multilayer provides the highest reflectivity of 43.8% at incidence angle of 5 degree. The third multilayer mirror was a dual-function mirror used for earth's magnetosphere observation, which requires high-reflective for He-II emission line at wavelength of 30.4nm but anti-reflectance at 58.4nm from ionosphere He-I emission. Using aperiodic Mg/SiC multilayer, the dual-function multilayer mirror was designed. Compared to periodic multilayer, the dual-function multilayer suppresses the reflectivity for He-I at 58.4nm from 2.2% to 0.1%, without loss of the reflection for He-II at 30.4nm, significantly.


A numerical simulator was developed to predict porosity and permeability changes and the resulting effect on well productivity in sandstones subject to matrix acidizing. While earlier acidizing models are based on homogeneous porous media, here vertical variation in permeability was accounted for by consideration of several noncommunicating zones or layers with different overall permeability-height (Kh) products. Each layer, in turn, may have radial permeability variations and different physical and chemical properties. In this manner, the presence of a damaged zone can be incorporated by a change in near-wellbore properties. During acidizing, the permeability change at a given vertical location depends on factors that affect acid penetration rate, such as initial acid concentration, mineral composition, temperature, flow rate, and cumulative acid injected at that location. Because the reservoir is vertically heterogeneous, initial distribution of injected acid will be nonuniform, with the majority of the flowing acid tending to enter zones with higher permeabilites. This is unfavorable because the lower-permeability zones are of interest in a stimulation treatment. Adding diverting agents to the acid solutions, however, tends to decrease the flow rate of higher-permeability areas and helps to distribute fluid uniformly. The effect of organic resin diverting agents (added continuously) on verticalmore » fluid distribution in a wellbore is also modeled. With this model, the effect of injection rate on acid penetration distance and on diverting-agent efficiency was investigated. Acidization results in a heterogeneous porous medium are compared with results obtained for a vertically homogeneous porous medium. Finally, the design of optimal diverting strategies in matrix stimulation of heterogeneous formations is described.« less


Floating population is a special group in the economically and socially disadvantaged status of overall population,they have become vulnerable groups in the epidemics process of infectious diseases.The incidence increased year after year,and has become a public health problem that should not be ignored.The floating population is at low income level,their living standard and environment are relatively poor,educational level and employment characteristics are different.They have high fertility but enjoy poor level of health services.Therefore,the incidence of infectious diseases of the floating population is often higher than that of the resident population.Doing a good job of infectious diseases prevention and control among floating population can not only reduce the incidence of infectious diseases,but also reduce the incidence of infectious diseases of population inflow and the resident population of outflow area.It is a job with a wide range of social benefits.To investigate the status and problems of comprehensive prevention and control of infectious diseases in floating population,to strengthen countermeasures of prevention and control of infectious diseases in floating population are significant in improving the health level of community residents.


Over the past decade, research and development in wireless sensor networks has investigated novel and exciting applications for a number of different scenarios. Impulse ultra wideband (UWB) communications promises a number of benefits for use in wireless sensor networks-particularly in forest environments where it can provide robust operation along with the ability to combine communications with precision position location. In this paper, we present measurement results and empirical models for impulse ultra wideband (UWB) propagation in a forest environment. Path loss measurements were performed using a 620 picosecond duration UWB pulse, and over 14000 measurements were recorded in 93 different locations in four different forest environments: light brush, light, medium, and dense forest. Transmitters and receivers were separated by distances ranging from 4 to 50 meters. Path loss exponents were found to range from 2.2-4.3, depending on the antenna and forest density; results which are in agreement with the few existing broadband forest propagation studies presented in the literature. Small-scale fading analysis indicated that UWB signals experience Rician fading, with K-factors in the range of 8-24 dB. These measurements and models should aid in the development of future UWB outdoor sensor networks.


Rapeseed preparations viz. rapeseed meal, concentrates and isolates were prepared using different processing treatments involving organic solvents, acids, alkali, steaming and boiling. Their anti-nutritional constituents and functional properties were studied in comparison to undefatted meal. Percent decrease in phytic acid and phenolic content was maximum in seeds boiled for 30 min and isolates, respectively. Isolate II prepared by sodium hexa-metaphosphate had minimum glucosinolates, maximum content of total proteins and much improved nitrogen solubility, emulsifying and foaming properties. Water absorption and fat absorption capacities were enhanced by boiling seeds prior to grinding and ammonia-methanol extraction, respectively. Viscosity decreased in all the treatments as compared to control.


physectomy should not be allowed to bias future practice. If the presence of these hormones can be abolished by newer methods then the proportion ofregressions might be improved, especially ifa simple reliable means can be found for identifying patients whose tumours are dependent on prolactin and growth hormone. In conclusion, then, receptors may now be detected (at least presumptively) in human breast, prostatic, endometrial, and other cancers, and these preferentially bind oestrogen, androgen, progesterone analogue, prolactin, growth hormone, or placental lactogen. Their possible permutations and interrelationships emphasise the heterogeneity of human cancers, and breast cancer in particular-making it clear that there can be no single best treatment. Even though quadruple cytotoxics may yield the largest immediate number of remissions in breast cancer, most of these are short-lived, and after relapse there may be less chance for antihormonal treatments.10 The most hopeful prospect is that work may determine criteria for study of the actual breast cancer of a given patient-before it all gets into formalin-to choose the best treatment for that patient at that time.


Operation of reservoir systems represents a sequential stochastic decision problem. Stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) is a natural formulation of the problem for developing optimal decision rules, or the information needed to make optimal decisions. Pete Loucks was a pioneer in this area. Loucks [1968], Gablinger and Loucks [1970], and Loucks and Falkson [1970]. The curse of dimensionality plagues dynamic programming models. Early efforts used composite representations of hydropower systems. More recent efforts use higher order approximations of the future value function and better use of hydrologic information. A better description of the joint distribution of flows and forecasts is provided by Sampling SDP [Kelman et al, 1990; Faber and Stedinger, 2001; Kim et al., 2007; Eum et al., 2011; Cote et al., 2011]. Ongoing work is described that uses Sampling SDP with a state-space corridor approximation of the future value function and radial-basis-functions for interpolation among non-equally spaced points.


In physical oceanography, thermocline theories are to explain the phenomenon of strong, vertical density gradient in a relatively shallow layer of water where transition occurs from the ocean's surface temperature to the colder abyss. We derive a nonlinear system of partial differential equations governing the motion of thermocline layer. Function spaces are set up to study properties of the solutions. By a local version of Banach's fixed point theorem, the existence and smoothness of solutions are established.


As the most prominent decadal variability in the Pacific Ocean, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) can influence the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation‐related atmospheric and upper oceanic motions. Based on results from ocean reanalysis products and linear continuously stratified model experiments, we reveal that the PDO can further extend its interdecadal modulation effect to the equatorial intermediate currents below the thermocline. For the maximum El Niño‐related intermediate eastward transport anomaly in the western Pacific, its magnitude during the warm PDO is nearly twice as large as that during the cold PDO, and its occurrence time in the warm PDO leads that in the cold PDO by about 2 months. Such modulation is achieved through westward and downward propagation of the reflected Kelvin‐to‐Rossby waves, triggered by enhanced and eastward‐displaced anomalous westerly wind. The decisive wind forcing region for the modulation is located over the equatorial central Pacific of 5°S–5°N and 180°–140°W.


The plant for treating fibrous web (W), comprises spraying boxes (19) having a spraying chamber and a spraying nozzle for spraying a treatment liquid on the surface of the fibrous web in a direction of movement of the fibrous web before a nip formed by two nip elements (11) equipped with a movable surface, the nips, and means for pressing the fibrous web in the nip after the application of a treatment agent, and first spraying boxes that are provided together between the spraying chamber having a first nip element (12) and a second nip element. The plant for treating fibrous web (W), comprises spraying boxes (19) having a spraying chamber and a spraying nozzle for spraying a treatment liquid on the surface of the fibrous web in a direction of movement of the fibrous web before a nip formed by two nip elements (11) equipped with a movable surface, the nips, and means for pressing the fibrous web in the nip after the application of a treatment agent, and first spraying boxes that are provided together between the spraying chamber having a first nip element (12) and a second nip element. The fibrous web is provided for supporting at the moving surface of the first nip element during the spraying of the treatment liquid. The spraying box comprises a discharge device (5) for discharging an air and/or treatment agent mist from the spraying chamber. The nip element comprises a roller, a belt, a sieve, a combination of the roller and the belt, a combination of the roller and the sieve, or a corresponding pressing element that has the surface to be moved into the nip against the fibrous web. The discharge device has a suction box. The plant further comprises second spraying boxes whose spraying chamber guided to the nip, is arranged between freely supported surface of the fibrous web and the surface of the nip element and the second spraying box. The plant has a limiting device for a flow that is arranged between the first and/or the second spraying box, and the nip element is not involved on the support of the fibrous web for limiting the air- and treatment agent mist flow between the spraying chamber and an outside of the spraying chamber. The limiting device is attached at an edge of the suction box associated with a suction opening (6), which is externally viewed by the direction of the spraying chamber. The limiting device has a joint or a hinge or a spring or elastic material. The spraying nozzles are arranged in the first and/or second spraying boxes on a side of an inlet of the fibrous web leading to the spraying chamber. The nip element is treated/coated or after a method preventing an inherence of the fibrous web. The nip element is heated. The spraying box is arranged in connection with the nip of a roller system (30) in wetstack-calender such as a water tank. An independent claim is included for a method for treating a fibrous web.


After China's accession to WTO, smalland mediumsized enterprises are confronted with the intense competition domestic and abroad. It is essential for them to stay focused on five core elements to enhance their competitive power. Some scholars have provided a variety of concepts and theoretical frameworks to enhance the competitiveness of different enterprises or corporations. However, a systematic study of the salient characteristics of competitiveness has seldom been explored. Others may paint too rosy a picture of their conditions. Failure to detect the inherent organizational drawbacks may prompt them to a predicament from which they do not know how to extract. Solid mechanism of structure, regulationbased system, and integration of resources are the main factors instrumental to enhancement of competitiveness in the market. The paper is to analyze the objective and function of enterprise's mechanism and system and discuss why it is important to adopt a stepbystep process to foster a spirit of competitiveness.


Pancreatic cysts present a clinically challenging conundrum of great concern. First, as a result of the common availability of high resolution imaging technology, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cysts are being increasingly identified as unsuspected-incidental findings during abdominal evaluations for other unrelated reasons, such as auto accidents, abdominal pain, liver, spleen, gall bladder, kidney and pelvic disorders.


Background: Acneiform eruptions represent 1% of all drug-induced skin reactions following exposure to drugs such as hormones, vitamins, halogens, anti-tubercular drugs, neuropsychotherapeutic drugs, immunomodulating agents, and other miscellaneous drugs.
Aim: The aim of the study was to identify the topical, inhalational, intralesional, and systemic drugs causing acneiform eruptions.
Materials and Methods A total of 46 patients presenting with acneiform eruptions were studied with detailed drug history.
Conclusions: Acneiform eruption is a relatively common and often misdiagnosed entity. Systemic steroids are the most common cause of acneiform eruption.


Popliteal masses are frequently referred to vascular surgeons with a presumptive diagnosis of popliteal aneurysm. Evaluation by the vascular surgeon must exclude other diagnoses such as Baker's cyst or neoplasm. This case report focuses on two patients referred to the vascular surgery service with popliteal masses. The first patient had a prior popliteal aneurysm repair and the second patient was thought to have a popliteal aneurysm without palpable pedal pulses. Evaluation included duplex ultrasound scanning and imaging with either computed tomography or magnetic resonance. After these studies were performed, both patients underwent fine needle aspiration (FNA) to determine the cytologic features of the masses. Final diagnosis for each patient was a soft tissue sarcoma. The differential diagnosis of a popliteal mass should include both nonneoplastic and neoplastic etiologies. If a neoplasm is suggested, FNA can help differentiate between benign versus malignant and primary versus metastatic disease. Many soft tissue lesions can then be treated based on clinical, radiologic, and cytologic data without the need for open biopsy. Since FNA has a low morbidity rate, the authors recommend early FNA in the evaluation of soft tissue popliteal masses. These cases are reported so that vascular surgeons will be prepared to evaluate patients with popliteal masses for diagnoses other than popliteal aneurysms.


The goals of simulation-based acquisition are to reduce the time, resources, and risks associated with acquisition, enable the integrated product and process development, and improve the quality of the fielded product (Department of the Navy Acquisition Reform Office 2001). While progress is being made, program managers view current Department of Defense Modeling & Simulation as not cost and/or schedule effective (Patenaude 1996). One reason is that no methodology and guidelines exist today to aid in determining simulation model sufficiency to allow informed decision making at a particular point in the acquisition cycle. By model sufficiency it is meant that the model itself and its representation of a system are sufficiently accurate. Such accuracy is established by model validation. Without an established systematic approach, the cycle of model validating and upgrading can go on for a long time, resulting in schedule slippage and funding depletion. In this work we demonstrate an effective use of independent analytical approaches to assess model accuracy. Introduction One of the seven 'Management Best Practices' espoused by Department of Defense (DoD), simulation-based acquisition (SBA) is "an acquisition process in which Department of Defense (DoD) and Industry are enabled by robust, collaborative use of simulation technology that is integrated across acquisition phases and programs." (GSAM 2000) In other words, as approved by both the SBA Industry Steering Group (SBA ISG) and Acquisition Council in August 2000, SBA is the process by which simulation is incorporated and integrated throughout the functions of the acquisition of a weapon system -from concept exploration, through prototyping and design, test and evaluation, fabrication and production, to deployment and finally operations and sustainment. Using modelling and simulation (M&S) in acquisition is not a new idea. Simulation is already being successfully incorporated in each function in individual weapon systems acquisition programs in each of the military services. What is new in simulation-based acquisition is the integration of technologies across functions, phases, and programs.


Cold pilger rolling process is often used to producing of high quality tubes made from nonferrous metals and alloys. Both classical approach and new method of rolling with the stationary stand, ensures high quality of the product – tube surface, and mechanical properties. In this paper, analysis of the new concept with stationary stand and KOBO method was presented. Strain fields in deformation zone investigations were taken on aluminum tubes, both, with and without VSS head, which allows add additional torque moment during rolling. VSS head causes strain state modification in temporary rolling zone. Basis on mechanical states, due to Pelczynski concept, strain states was investigated on both variants. Maximum formability calculation was also investigated in this work. Due to the results theoretical calculation were confirmed, so the KOBO method can be implemented in cold pilger rolling process. Słowa kluczowe: stan naprężenia, walcowanie pielgrzymowe, odkształcalność, metoda KOBO


ll'-t' the average strength and elongation of these breaks as the lx.,,t estimate of the sample properties. This information is usually obtained from the chart by reading vi.u,rllv and writing down the vatue of the strength and elongation of each break, adding up these values, and dividing by the number of hreaks . to finci an average. In this process considerable time . is consumed, and there are several opportunities for


We present a general equilibrium model that encompasses the endogenous selection of a set of tradeable commodities. At its foundation we introduce the notion of a trade infrastructure as a set of social institutions describing the trade and production technologies available to the agents in the economy. Our model bridges the analyses of economies with a finite number of commodities and those with an infinite number, and it provides a general framework for investigating a very large class of possible applications. We discuss in detail a simple example on the development of a guild economy into a market based economy. We introduce an equilibrium concept that describes the pricing of trade infrastructures, based on the notion of valuation equilibrium for economies with abstract public goods, as in Diamantaras and Gilles (1996, International Economic Review, 37, 851-860). Through this concept we are able to price the tradeability of a commodity by itself. As our main results we obtain the existence as well as the decentralization of Pareto efficient allocations using the concept of valuation equilibrium. JEL classification: D23, D41, D46, D59, D90, H40, O12


: The concept of sustainable development guides people to think about things, thereby achieving the goal of protecting the environment and maintaining ecological balance. Therefore, sustainable development needs to be reflected in the process of construction projects. The rapid expansion of construction projects poses increasingly severe challenges to the sustainable development of engineering projects. Research on sustainable methods for construction projects is conducive to promoting the healthy development of projects. This article mainly used the survey method and analytic hierarchy process to analyze the data related to the sustainable strategy of the project. The survey data showed that the weighted value of ROI (return on investment) in the sustainable development of the project reached 0.3, and the weighted value of community participation and ecological environment maintenance reached 0.25. Community residents should be encouraged to participate in the project decision-making process and establish transparent communication channels to avoid social conflicts and negative impacts.


'The good news is that a recent concentration of science resources is improving our insight into ocean and ice dynamics, and scientific measurement of the rate of sea-level rise,' says the book's lead editor, CSIRO Fellow and oceanographer Dr John Church.'The way the world responds to climate change will become increasingly reliant on a sophisticated integrated atmosphere, ocean and ice observing network generating data on future climates, and from which global and regional sea-level rise can be projected.'The key question is where and how sea-level rise and associated extreme events will have their impact,' Dr Church says.


Living plants and animals are characterized far more than most natural objects by powers of adaptation. In fact, these powers are so commonly admitted to be of primal importance as to make them in the minds of many biologists the chief feature in the definition of living as contrasted with nonliving bodies. Adaptations enable one part of an organism to act on another in such a way as to advance the continued growth and life of the whole. The possession of powers of adaptation may thus be said to be the most characteristic feature in all organisms. So generally accepted is this idea that almost all recent definitions of life include this fact as an invariable part of such statements. Nature, particularly on the organic side, abounds in adaptations. When food is given to a hungry animal the mastication of the nourishing materials not only induces reflexly the flow of the saliva and of other secretions of the mouth, but it starts up the activities of the next portion of the digestive tube, the stomach, in such a way that this organ is thus prepared to receive and help assimilate the food when it arrives. In this way the activity of one part of the tube excites in a preparatory way succeeding parts, so that a chain of reactions is initiated that helps in the nourishment of the individual as a whole. All these steps are essentially adaptive in character and fitted to the kind of food taken. In this respect the body of any creature contains myriads of such sequences in which the activities of one region excite the next following, to the advantage of the creature as a whole. By this means organisms maintain the unusually high degree of adjustment seen in them. In all these operations the success of the process depends upon the nicety of adaptation that is called upon for the given state. When we realize that the bodies of all animals, including our own, are thus bound together by thousands of such adaptive chains for the well-being of the form concerned, we begin to get some conception of the enormous complexity that must rule in the life of even the simplest species of animal or plant.


After the Covid-19 pandemic, entrepreneurship has become increasingly important in the industrial era 4.0, where students need to be equipped with entrepreneurial skills and values that can help students to become successful entrepreneurs in the future. The aim is to help students become better prepared to face new challenges in the post-covid-19 pandemic business. In addition, students who have an entrepreneurial spirit can also be a driving force in creating new jobs and advancing the economy in Indonesia. So, the researchers discussed the implementation of entrepreneurial values in fostering an entrepreneurial spirit in post-covid students in the industrial era 4.0. One is applying entrepreneurial values to foster an entrepreneurial spirit in Elementary School Teacher Education (PGSD) students, Semester 5 of the 2022/2023 Academic Year. This study used a qualitative descriptive method in the form of a questionnaire through the Google form which was distributed through the WhatsApp group using 111 students. The results of the study show that there are several entrepreneurial values that must be applied in post-covid-19 student education, such as self-confidence, task and result-oriented, courage to take risks, being a leader, action-oriented and original. In addition, students must also be equipped with knowledge and skills in creating a creative and innovative idea or product, and be able to develop production, packaging, and carry out marketing through online and offline media. The results of this study indicate that entrepreneurship education is very important to foster an entrepreneurial spirit in post-covid-19 students in the 4.0 era.


Flashover along insulators or insulating support structures has to be carefully addressed in the design of any DC, AC, or pulsed high voltage device. Although there is a large body of data on unipolar surface flashover in the atmosphere, which has led to empirical design rules primarily for the power distribution industry, the physics of the involved processes is widely unknown. The major limiting factor in the transmission of high power microwaves (HPM) into the atmosphere has been the vacuum-air interface. Both the unipolar and HPM surface flashover cases have been studied under vacuum conditions and have been found to have the same dominant mechanisms. Similarities between HPM window flashover on the air side and unipolar flashover are observed in an atmospheric environment as well


Objective
To explore the role of cerebrospinal fluid chimerism in central nervous relapse surveillance for patients of acute leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Methods
The follow-up data were retrospectively collected and analyzed in 104 patients with acute leukemia after allo-HSCT. Comparisons were made between patients with complete chimerism and mixed chimerism in cerebrospinal fluid. The role of recipient DNA percentage and its changing trend in predicting central nervous relapse were also explored. Analysis was conducted for determining the risk factors of central nervous relapse. And the effectiveness of prophylaxis with intrathecal injection was also examined.

Results
The incidence of relapse was higher in patients with mixed chimerism (P<0.001), high percentage of recipient DNA (P<0.05) and higher mixed chimerism (P<0.001). Hyperleukocytosis at an initial diagnosis was a risk factor of central nervous relapse. Whether or not intrathecal injection prophylaxis was applied showed no significant difference in relapsing rate.

Conclusions
Monitoring cerebrospinal fluid chimerism can effectively help predict central nervous relapse among patients of acute leukemia after allo-HSCT. Yet intrathecal injection prophylaxis failed to benefit recipients.

Key words:
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Cerebrospinal fluid; Central nervous relapse


A simplification of the symmetric single‐impurity Kondo model is introduced and studied. In the Ising–Kondo model, host electrons scatter off a single magnetic impurity at the origin whose spin orientation is dynamically conserved. This reduces the problem to potential scattering of spinless fermions that can be solved exactly using the equation‐of‐motion technique. The Ising–Kondo model provides an example for static screening. At low temperatures, the thermodynamics at finite magnetic fields resembles that of a free spin‐1/2 in a reduced external field. Alternatively, the Curie law is interpreted in terms of an antiferromagnetically screened effective spin. The spin correlations decay algebraically to zero in the ground state and display commensurate Friedel oscillations. In contrast to the symmetric Kondo model, the impurity spin is not completely screened, i.e., the screening cloud contains less than a spin‐1/2 electron. At finite temperatures and weak interactions, the spin correlations decay to zero exponentially with correlation length ξ(T) = 1/(2πT).


W ith increases in harvest of forests ment of forest management in. the Pacific ; Yields at age 45 for a well-stocked nat in tb.e Pacific Nortb.west during Northwest has been research demonstrating ural stand or a plantation (begun by planting the late 1800s and early 19.00s the productive potential of the abtindant . 435· trees per acr ) are compared in Table 1 came a concern for future timber supplies. Douglas-fir forests iri the region. Bulletin for·averag regional estimates of three mod Unsuccessful attempts at selective logging in 201 (McArdle et al. 1961), first published in developed over the past 60 years. Both . : els Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) 1930 and revised in 1949 and 1961, swri the natural stand and the plantation were France.) and a better understanding of re marized yields from 2,052 plots in 261 nat grown on a site in<;1eX. of 118 ft (50-year quirements for natural regeneration led to urally regenerated tracts of near maximum :base), an aver ge site index for private lands tb.e adoption of moderate-sized clearcuts stocking in western Washington and Ore in western Ore,gori and Washington. with uncut timber as . adjacent a seed source gon. By the 1970s, however, reliance on Bulle n 201, hich assumes ·a well (Curtis and Carey 1996). As a response of plantations and more intensive management stocked naturally regenerated stand, esti the need for more dependable regeneration, practices made traditional yield tables, such mates a merchantable volume ( 6-inch top the 1950s saw a shift to artificial regenera as Bulletin 201, obsolete. One of the early. diameter inside bark) of 4,150 fr/acre for tion methods -and the establishment of state growth models for Douglas-fir was ·DFSIM the 1930s, whereas the DF IM model pre: forest practice regulations to insure pr!)mpt _ (Curtis et al. 1981), which included data dicts a-merchantable v lume of 6,035 ft3/ reforestation. This eliminated the need for from 1,434 research plots at 203 inst3lla acre· for a plantation of the 1960s and early leaving onsite seed sources, making fUrther tions in the region. This model projects 1970s. Although DFSIM predicts a 45 percent increas'es in cut unit_ size possible. Through growth in natural and planted stands and inc ease. in yield over Bull etin 201, a difference the 1960s and 1970s, research improved the allows for thinning and fertilization. By the similar to the one fo d by Mill er· and others quality and. survival of planted seedlings · 1990s, the need for information on individ (1993), it was develC?ped with data collected through the selection of genetically appro ual trees (e.g:, wood qUality) and the need to prior to 1975 3.n:d thus epresents estimates of priate trees for individual sites, better nurs project development of mixed-species stands yields from early plantations in the region. ery practices, site preparation, and early con led to the creation and widespread use of Pittman and Turnblom (.2003) used data from trol of competing vegetation. Miller and individual tree models, such as the various the Stand Management Cooperative at the others -(1993) compared paired plots in nat variants ·of FVS (Donnelly 1997) and University of Washington (which represents urally regenerated and planted Douglas-fir · ORGANON (Hann 2003). 66 Douglas-fir research iustall ations in planta stands 35 to 38 years after harvest at seven Each of these models represents a step tions established from the 1960s until now loc;:ations in the Cascades of Oregon and in advancing our understanding of the pro throughout western Washington, Oregon, Washington and found_ 40 percent more ductivity of coastal Douglas-fir forests and in' and British Cohunbia) to develop the TreeLab volume per acre and an 8 percent greater the ability to· incorporate the imp ct of more model. This model.provides up-to-date yield average diameter in the planted stands. The intensive management treatments in yield estimates for Douglas-fir plantations, repre authors attributed the volume differential to assessments. Although each model takes a. senting II,lOre current management levels. Its differences in the pattern of stand develop different approach and uses different data, estimate of erchantable volume is 8,599 &3/ . ment, e.g., planted stands. reached breast !1:-ey provide a means for estimating the im acre at total age 45, which is more than a two height an average of 3 years sooner.· pacts of evolving ·stand management prac fold increase in the yield estimated for the nat An important factor in the develop tices on yi d. ural stand by Bulletin 201 a,nd 40 percent


We demonstrate that the complex plane and a class of generalized Grushin planes $G_r$, where $r$ is a function satisfying specific requirements, are quasisymmetrically equivalent. Then using conjugation we are able to develop an analytic definition of quasisymmetry for homeomorphisms on $G_r$ spaces. In the last section we show our analytic definition of quasisymmetry is consistent with earlier notions of conformal mappings on the Grushin plane. This leads to several characterizations of conformal mappings on the generalized Grushin planes.


Hybrid fiber reinforced concrete with excellent deformation performance was produced with the adoption of high modulus polyethylene fiber and low elastic modulus polypropylene synthetic fiber according to the enhancement principle of hybrid fiber. The uniaxial tensile properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete were analyzed on the basis of uniaxial tensile test,and the constitutive relation model under uniaxial tension was established. The results showed that the stress-strain curves under uniaxial tension can be divided into three stages,elastic stage,strain hardening stage and failure stage. Multiple cracks appear during the loading process. The winding micro-cracks absorb a large amount of energy in the process of cracking,leading to the high improvement of deformation capability. The addition of silica fume enhances the performance of interface transition zone,and leads to the increase of ultimate tensile strength and tensile strain. The fiber cannot be evenly dispersed and the cluster phenomenon appears when the content is too large. So the ultimate tensile strain declines. The established constitutive relationmodel under uniaxial tension can reflect the development trend of stress-strain curve reasonably,and the recommended calculation formula of model parameter possesses high accuracy.


Based on division theory of labor,transaction theory and industry cluster rent theory,this paper analyzes the formation conditions of tourism industry cluster,including its industry and space conditions.The industry conditions include long value chain,differentiation ability,convenience for package and transportation,high correlation and innovative need.Space conditions include rich natural endowments and factors of products,efficiency organizations,sufficient supply and demand,valid institution and public goods.