Tethering is a disulfide-based drug-discovery technology that grew out of the era when combinatorial chemistry was a burgeoning new development. What separates Tethering from other combinatorial approaches is its site-directed nature. The disulfide link that is formed allows a wide variety of advantages and analysis not available with other drug methods, thus in Tethering a link means a lot. Site-directedness makes it ideal for interrogating traditionally difficult drug targets, such as protein–protein interaction surfaces, and new binding sites. It has also led to candidates for linking in a combinatorial manner, new fragments for addition to existing scaffolds, and entirely new classes of pharmacophores for several different protein targets. At the very essence of tethering is the concept that structural information can and should inform drug design and discovery. Tethering was conceptualized and developed by a team assembled and directed by James Wells at Sunesis Pharmaceuticals and first publicly reported by Erlanson and coworkers in 2000. The progress of Tethering and its many applications has been extensively reviewed, thus overlap in content between this chapter and those reviews are bound to exist. Nevertheless, this review focuses on the practical considerations during Tethering and on the strong role that structural information plays during Tethering interrogation. The inaugural report of Tethering focused on the cysteine-containing active site of thymidylate synthase (TS), a protein that is essential to synthesis of deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) from deoxyuridine monophosphate


Data Alignment and Integration T o handle the wide range of geographic scales and complex tasks that it must administer, the government splits its data in many different ways, collecting it at different times and through different agencies. The resulting massive data heterogeneity makes it impossible to effectively locate, share, or compare data across sources, let alone achieve computational data interoperability. Many settings urgently need some form of data alignment or merging. For example, an air-quality scientist at a state environmental agency such as the California Air Resources Board (CARB) reconciles air emissions data from local regions to monitor overall patterns and support air-policy regulation. In a homeland security scenario, analysts identify and track threat groups using separately collected and stored individual behaviors such as phone calls, e-mail messages, financial transactions, and travel itineraries. Addressing these issues requires finding similarities between entities within or across heterogeneous data sources. To date, most approaches for integrating data collections, or even for creating map-pings across comparable data sets, require manual effort. Despite some promising recent work, the automated creation of such mappings is still in its infancy because equivalences and differences manifest themselves at all levels, from individual data values through metadata to the explanatory text surrounding the data collection as a whole. Some data sources contain auxiliary information such as relational structure or metadata, which have proven useful in interrelating entities. However, such auxiliary data can be outdated, irrelevant, overly domain-specific, or simply nonexistent. Therefore, a general-purpose solution can't rely on such auxiliary data. All we can count on is the data itself: a set of observations describing the entities. Applying this purely data-driven paradigm, we've built two systems: Guspin for automatically identifying equivalence classes or aliases, and Sift for automatically aligning data across databases. The key to our underlying technology is identifying the most informative observations and then matching entities that share them. We've used our systems to align US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) data between the Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District (SBCAPCD) and Ventura County Air Pollution Control District (VCAPCD) emissions inventory databases and the CARB statewide inventory database , as well as to identify equivalence classes in the EPA's Facilities Registry System (FRS). This work can significantly reduce the amount of human effort involved in creating single-point access to multiple heterogeneous databases. The staff at CARB annually integrates the emissions inventory databases belonging to California's 35 air …


At the end of Elizabeth I's reign, political oppression and financial crisis made different classes of English people tired of her rule, and the heavy tax burden made the excess desire for money rampant in English society. The plague that broke out between the late 16th and early 17th centuries became the last straw that broke the apparent harmony and balance of England. The plague has its own "unique advantage" in causing social chaos, riots and legal imbalance. Ben Jonson, who has a profound insight into social changes, is clearly sensitive to the chaos of social order and lack of authority caused by the plague. In The Alchemist, he creates a "carnival world" with the plague as the background. This carnivalized and grotesque urban space is filled with people who are extremely greedy and overly desirous. Their desire for money infects everyone, and interpersonal relationships are distorted and alienated into money relationships. Through the play's satire on human nature, Ben Jonson expresses his longing for the return of sane living and his hope for the restoration of the rule of law and moral health in England, and moreover hints at his expectation of the reign of the newly installed King James I of England.


Spatial distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the waters around the estuaries of Feiyunjiang River and Aojiang River( 27°45-27°08' N,120°05-120°09' E) were investigated in August and November 2010 for analysis of its relationship with some major environmental factors,such as nutrient salts,suspended substances( SS),etc. Results show that concentrations of inorganic nitrogen,labile phosphate and suspended substances gradually decreased,while salinity and pH gradually increased from the estuary waters to offshore waters. In August,the parts of the estuaries were found to be low in DO concentration,and a strip of high sea surface temperature( SST) was in the center of the investigated region. In November,a strip of low SST was observed in the estuary of Feiyunjiang River. The average concentration of chlorophyll-a in August and November was 5. 2 and 0. 9 μg·L-1,respectively. The abundance of phytoplankton was quite high in August,averaging 2 344. 6 × 104m-3,but quite low in Novermber,being 33.1 ×104m-3on average. The distributions of phytoplankton abundance and meso-zooplankton density were similar to that of SS concentration in trend,being high in the estuary of Feiyunjiang River and declining towards the offshore zone. Phytoplankton abundance was not much related to environmental factors,except for in August( P 0. 05) when it was negatively related to salinity. West Pacific tidal waves,inland runoff via rivers,coastal currents and sea topography are the factors that jointly determine the ecological processes of the estuaries of Feiyunjiang River and Aojiang River. However,during the high water season,inland runoff via rivers stands out as the dominant factor influencing plankton distribution.


The invention relates to an apparatus for sorting bulk material, in particular pellets, comprising a vibration conveyor and a feed device, which feeds bulk material to the vibration conveyor, further comprising a first exit and a second exit, wherein the first exit is arranged such that the bulk material conveyed over one end of the vibration conveyor drops into the first exit, further comprising at least one detector device, by means of which the bulk material conveyed by the vibration conveyor is examined for defects, wherein the detector device comprises at least one X-ray detector device having at least one X-ray source and at least one X-ray sensor, and wherein the detector device comprises at least one optical detector device operating in the visible wavelength range, and/or at least one detector device operating in the infrared wavelength range, and having at least one optical radiation source and at least one optical sensor, wherein the apparatus also comprises a separating-out device, by means of which bulk material conveyed over the end of the vibration conveyor and detected as being defective by the detector device has its trajectory influenced such that the bulk material detected as being defective drops into the second exit, wherein the end of the vibration conveyor is adjoined by a rotationally driven roller, onto which the bulk material conveyed over the end of the vibration conveyor passes and which conveys the bulk material, over a trajectory predetermined by the rotation of the roller, in the direction of the first exit. The invention also relates to a corresponding method.


Recent Virtual Reality (VR) systems render highly immersive visual experiences, yet currently lack tactile feedback for feeling virtual objects with our hands and bodies. Shape Displays offer solid tangible interaction but have not been integrated with VR or have been restricted to desktop-scale workspaces. This work represents a fusion of mobile robotics, haptic props, and shape-display technology and commercial Virtual Reality to overcome these limitations. We present Mediate, a semi-autonomous mobile shape-display that locally renders 3D physical geometry co-located with room-sized virtual environments as a conceptual step towards large-scale tangible interaction in Virtual Reality. We compare this "dynamic just-in-time mockup" concept to other haptic paradigms and discuss future applications and interaction scenarios.


In April 2007 the first three‐dimensional digital terrain mapping of the underside of sea ice to be done from an ice‐launched autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) was carried out at an ice camp in the Beaufort Sea using the Gavia vehicle, which could be launched and recovered through 3 × 1 m holes. Gavia was equipped with a GeoSwath 500 kHz interferometric sonar system, which yielded swaths of typical width 80 m. The imagery showed the morphological distinctions between first‐year (FY) and multi‐year (MY) ice undersides, the contrast between the shapes of FY and MY ridges, and the appearance of refrozen leads. Ice drafts were validated by drilling, and it was found that ridge slope statistics and local probability density functions (PDFs) of draft could be derived with high precision. The special opportunities offered by access to 3‐D mapping are pointed out.


1. IN T R O D U C T IO N L adder netw orks have been studied extensively using F ibonacci num bers, C hebyshev poly-nom ials, M organ-V oyce polynom ials, Jacobsthal polynom ials, etc. ([10], [11], [2], [14], [9]. [5], [3], and [4]). A ll these polynom ials are, in fact, particular cases of the generalized polynom ials defined by Ua(x,y) = xUa_


The way in which we teach cultural competence is evolving. There are emerging definitions, new perspectives, and social justice experiences that affect how we react and respond to cultural competency ideologies – ideologies that can polarize or produce change. This chapter will examine the idea of cultural humility and explain why adding it to the diversity, equity, and inclusion lexicon can help engage various discourse communities and deepen one's understanding of various cultural identities. The authors will briefly review key research findings that examine why college students are often resistant to discourse about culture, race, and bias. Finally, the chapter will use the model of influence framework as a conceptual approach to teach and foster cultural humility in higher education settings.


Lower package for PoP (Package on Package) having a reinforcing layer for supporting the thin or coreless substrate can be formed. The reinforcing layer is to provide a rigid and rigid substrates, increasing the stiffness and rigidity of the lower package can easily handle substrate. Reinforcing layer may be formed by using a core material, a laminate layer, and a metal layer. The substrate may be formed on the reinforcing layer. Reinforcing layer may comprise a size set open so as to accommodate the die. Die may be coupled to the exposed surface of the substrate within the opening. Through the reinforcement layer, the metal is satisfied vias, may be used for the purpose of coupling the substrate to the upper package.


Laser welding of aluminium alloys is an important industrial technology and yet many challenges still lie ahead. Laser welding studies were reported almost within two years since the first laser was invented in 1960. However, practical metal seam welding was not feasible until the early 1970s when multi-kilowatt, continuous wave CO2 lasers were developed to allow for deep penetration keyhole welding (Duley, 1999). Unfortunately, the application for deep penetration welding of aluminium was limited due to its very high reflectivity at the relatively long wavelength (10.6 micron) of CO2 lasers. Flash-pumped Nd:YAG lasers with a 1.06 micron wavelength were not suitable due to their low power and extremely poor efficiency at the time. Since the 1980s, high power seam welding of carbon steels using multi-kilowatt CO2 lasers has become a regular industrial practice, in particular in the automotive industry. In the mid 1990s, diode pumped Nd:YAG lasers were developed that offered kilowatt power and high efficiency. As a result, aluminium laser welding became more feasible because the beam absorption of aluminium alloys at 1.06 micron is three times as much as it is at 10.6 micron. Nevertheless, the poor beam quality and high cost of diodepumped Nd:YAG lasers still hinders their acceptance in industry. In the early 2000s, with the arrival of single-mode and multi-mode high power fiber lasers at a 1.075 micron wavelength, along with excellent beam quality and low maintenance cost, the expectation was that the advantage of laser welding aluminium components could be better realized. The requirement of very high laser power for aluminium welding is not only due to its high reflectivity and high heat conductivity. Aluminium has been known to be one of the most challenging metals to weld successfully (Mandal, 2002). Other factors affecting the weld quality of aluminium alloys include different kinds of porosity formation, hot tearing, solidification cracking, oxide inclusions and loss of alloying elements. It has been found that weld porosities can be significantly suppressed at high welding speeds. In order to maintain a stable keyhole at high speeds, very high laser power is needed. What has been less explored is the reason why the welding process becomes less stable and prone to defects as the speed is reduced. There are many applications where high speed welding is not suitable. With the expansion of modern miniaturized consumer products, the weld path can be short and with intricate shapes. High welding speed may not be effective due to the short paths and constant accelerations and decelerations required to follow the path precisely. One such 3


Objective To understand the relationship between endemic fluorosis and the origin of fluoride for supplying some strategic suggestion to control and prevent the endemic fluorosis in Chaoyang city, Guangdong province.Methods The fluoride contents in drinking water, irrigative water, rice, tea and soil were determined by fluoride ion selective electrode. Dental fluorosis conditions of 8~15 years old children were examined. Results Between fluorosis and non-fluorosis areas, the fluoride contents in rice and soil didn't show statistical difference (P0.05), but the fluoride contents in irrigative water did (P0.05). The fluoride contents in soil and rice has a positive correlation(r=0.525) as well as in those rice with the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis in the children aged 8~15( r=0.818). The fluoride content in tea was as high as 30.88mg/L. Contrarily, the relation of fluoride contents between irrigative water and soil, the relation of fluoride content in soil and dental fluorosis prevalence rate were less significant, those correlative coefficients were -0.237, -0.332 respectively. Conclusion The trend of dental fluorosis has been declined after safe water supply in Chaoyang. Rice, soil, irrigative water and tea were the other origin of the fluoride.


This study analyses the perception of customer regarding conventional and Islamic banking system. This research has found the opinions of customers of conventional banks with comparison to Islamic banks, and standalone Islamic branches of conventional banks. However, the respondents belonged to different age groups, occupational backgrounds, and education, irrespective of gender. Furthermore, two branches of each type of bank were selected at random from Lahore city, where eighty (80) customers were selected from each type of bank. The result of this study revealed with these remarks that Islamic banks are competitors of conventional banks. The statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) software is used for data analysis. The result also indicates that (40%) of Islamic banks customers should not opt conventional bank for saving deposits due to interest. Moreover, another interesting result highlights the strength of conventional bank, as they do not need a specific shariah board committee, whereas 42% and 51% of Islamic and standalone banks, respectively, customers are not satisfied with the jurisprudence of these shariah board members. This objective of this is to highlight those areas, where conventional financial institutions are not performing well. Hence, it is found that there is a dire need to organize the both financial intermediaries, in such a manner that both institutions will grow, expand and provide excellent services to their customers.


As the ternary oxides of copper cobalt have garnered much attention and have been studied for a wide range of applications, a venture has been carried out in preparing such a compound in thin film form. Spray pyrolysis deposition is undertaken at three different deposition temperatures viz. 250, 300 and 350 °C. From the Xray diffractograms of copper cobalt oxide films, it was clear that the film was crystalline only at the deposition temperature of 300 oC and that copper has entered into the lattice only as a dopant as evident from the spinel type cobalt enriched phase (Cu0.3Co0.7) Co2O4. XPS studies pinpointed the presence of Cu 2+ ions and revealed the occurrence of low spin Co 3+ ions in the octahedral sites and high spin Co 2+ ions in the tetrahedral oxygen environment. The films were found to have excellent conductivity induced by polaron hopping mechanism. The mixed oxidation states of the cations placed in the octahedral sites are the main contributing factor in the enhancement of electrical conductivity. Film thickness played a key role in determining the electrical properties.


In this paper, we consider the case in which multiple consumers (clients) access the same content at the same time on ICN/CCN (Information/Content-Centric Network). A major characteristic of ICN/CCN is the existence of content stores (caches) in the network. When a consumer intentionally delays the access timing from the other consumers, it can exploit the cached data in the content store. In addition to the cached data, it can request data that is not available at the content stores; it may have the same effect as the retransmission control. This paper evaluates the effect of the access timing of multiple consumers and the media synchronization control on the output quality of audio and video transmission over CCN through an experiment.


A convenient and efficient domino aryne process was developed under transition metal-free conditions, featuring a group of tetra- and pentacyclic ring systems. This transformation was realized by a 1,2-benzdiyne-involved nucleophilic, Diels-Alder reaction cascade using styrene as diene moiety. Three new chemical bonds, namely one C-N and two C-C bonds, and two benzofused rings could be concomitantly constructed, which was made possible by distinct chemoselective control on both 1,2-aryne and 2,3-aryne stages. Moreover, in-depth studies were carried out on domino aryne precursors and diastereoselective control.


Work by Heinz Raether in the 1930s and 1940s, using a combination of cloud chamber techniques and fast-transmission-line generation of HV pulses to record charge carrier swarms in arrested discharges is briefly described. Raether was appointed professor and director of the Institute of Applied Physics at the University of Hamburg, where two main lines of research were followed: electron diffraction and gas breakdown development preceding and including breakdown. The work was summarized by Raether in several extensive review articles and a book that can be considered a classic in the field. >


This paper deals with on the efficiency questions of the left-turn prohibit at an isolated intersection and a corridor with 5-phase signal system. Its objectives are three-fold : (1) to analyze the efficiency of the left-turn prohibit with the use of an imaginary network, (2) to evaluate various factors under consideration in decision-making on the left-turn prohibit, (3) to provide a framework for estimating and evaluating overall impacts of the left-turn prohibit in traffic network.
 The major findings using an imaginary network and computer packages such as MINUTP, TRANSYT-7F and STATGRAPH are followings.
 First, left-turn prohibit reduces cycle length by 33 seconds and delay time per vehicle by 36 seconds at an isolated intersection, and cycle length by 31 seconds and delay time per veicle by 43 seconds along a corridor.
 Second, total vehicle mile of travel and total travel time at an isolated intersection seem up to increase 38.85 miles(57.36㎞), 14.4 hours on the average. Regarding to a corridor, total vehicle mile of travel is increased by 50.14 miles (80.22㎞), but total travel time is decreased by 129.9 hours.
 Third, the efficiency of left-turn probihit are affected the following eight factors including left-turn volume(veh/hr) and ratio (%), average delay time per vehicle(sec/veh) and others.
 Finally, several simple and multiple regression models to evaluate the impacts on the left-turn prohibit are formulated from the above eight factors. It can be expected that these models will take an important role in decision-making of left-turn prohibit.


Thank you for reading bodies at risk unsafe limits in romanticism and postmodernism. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their chosen readings like this bodies at risk unsafe limits in romanticism and postmodernism, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful virus inside their computer.


The invention discloses a fault handling method and a distributed base station. The method includes that a management terminal detects states of all remote radio units (RRUs) of the distributed base station; when a faulty RRU is detected, the management terminal sends a reset control command to a superior node of the faulty RRU; the superior node of the faulty RRU sends physical layer control information to the faulty RRU according to the reset control command; and the faulty RRU resets according to the physical layer control information. By means of the technical scheme, the management terminal automatically detects the states of all RRUs of the distributed base station, when the faulty RRU is detected, the management terminal controls the faulty RRU to reset through the superior node of the faulty RRU, and the fault is repaired. Accordingly, the fault handling is achieved without manual operation of an operator, the efficiency of fault handling is increased, and implementation costs of fault handling are lowered.


A theoretical investigation of the laminar squeeze flow of a couple-stress fluid between a flat circular static disk and an axisymmetric curved circular moving disk has been carried out using modified lubrication theory and microcontinuum theory. The combined effects of fluid inertia forces, curvature of the disk and non-Newtonian couple stresses on the squeeze film behavior are investigated analytically. Each of these effects and their combinations show a significant enhancement in the squeeze film behavior, and these are studied through their effects on the squeeze film pressure and the load carrying capacity of the fluid film as a function of time. Two different forms of the gapwidth between the disks have been considered, and the results have been shown to be in good agreement with the existing literature.


High‐performance all‐phosphorescent white devices on a light‐outcoupling substrate which comprised high‐index materials were studied. As a result of suitable optical and electrical design, the device showed an extremely high efficacy of 114 lm/W at 1,000 cd/m2 and 102 lm/W at 3,000 cd/m2.


This paper addresses the optimization problem of quantized iterative learning control (ILC) for networked control systems (NCSs) with limited bandwidth. For linear time-invariant systems with quantized input signals, a mathematical cost function is constructed to obtain a gradient-based ILC law that rests with the system model, and the learning gain is updated in the trial domain. By combining the infinite logarithmic quantizer with the encoding and decoding mechanism to encode and decode the signals, the quantization accuracy is enhanced and the system tracking capability is improved. Compared with the traditional gradient descent method with fixed learning gain, the gradient-based ILC law can obtain faster error convergence. Simulation based on industrial robot system is given to substantiate the suggested method.


PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of a semiconductor device is provided to simplify and increase the efficiency of a manufacturing process as well as reducing the size of a semiconductor device. CONSTITUTION: After interposer corresponding to respective device units are mounted on only good semiconductor chips of a semiconductor wafer and inner bumps of each interposer are joined to electrode pads of the associated good semiconductor chip by thermocompression bonding, the semiconductor wafer is cut into semiconductor chips to produce desired LGA semiconductor devices in each of which a good semiconductor chip is packaged on an interposer. Since the plane size of the interposer is equal to or smaller than that of the semiconductor chips, a real-chip-size semiconductor device can easily be realized.


Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are expressed in the skin and airway epithelial tissues, which are the most important sites of host–pathogen interactions. TLRs recognize the 3‐D structures of pathogen‐associated molecules and are therefore useful markers of the innate immune response. Here, we investigated the role of lipopolysaccharides and monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the activation of the TLR and NOD‐like receptor (NLR) pathways in human keratinocytes. Analysis of the inflammasome compounds revealed that NOD‐like receptor P3 and TLR4, both of which are components of inflammasome complexes involved in the activation of interleukin (IL)‐1β, were not expressed in keratinocytes. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the combination of MSU and lipopolysaccharide priming did not elicit significant results compared to MSU treatment, which induced the expression of TLR2, IL‐6 and IL‐8/chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 8 CXCL8 in the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Furthermore, MSU promoted the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 and MAPK14/p38α mitogen‐activated protein kinases. We concluded that MSU stimulates a pro‐inflammatory response in keratinocytes via mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway to induce production of IL‐8/CXCL8 chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 8 and TLR2.


Child Care and Development: Results From the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network (Eds.). New York: Guilford Press. 2005. 474 pp. ISBN 1-5938-5138-3. $48.00 (hardcover). ISBN 1-5938-5287-8. $28.00 (paperback). Few academic subjects are as emotionally charged as the question of who should care for our children. Popular news media are littered with the dangers of day care, such as Time's (2001) "Do preschoolers and nannies turn kids into bullies?" and, more recently, the dangers of stay at home mothers' "over-investment," (Warner's [2005] Perfect Madness: Motherhood in the Age of Anxiety). Despite intense interest in this topic, studies on the effects of nonmaternal care have produced mixed results. Unfortunately, the complexity of the child-care question is at least as large as its importance, due to considerable variety in home environments, nonmaternal child-care choices (and unequal access to these choices), as well as hours and regularity of working arrangements. In 1987, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) organized "one large, comprehensive and longitudinal study of child care and the development of children" (p. x) in order to examine the effects of nonmaternal care on infants and children. The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network (an impressive group of 30 scholars, with an additional 29 contributors) was formed and, over 18 months, developed a study of 1,364 families selected cross-nationally. Extensive assessments of home, family, school, and child-care environments were obtained, as well as children's social, cognitive, and health outcomes beginning at 6 months. Results of this sweeping study from infancy through 4.5 years (which has produced over 116 scholarly publications) have been summarized in the book Child Care and Child Development. The book is sectioned around six major themes, as well as a concluding commentary, which summarize overall project contributions. Each major theme is examined through two or more empirical investigations of these overarching themes. The first two sections provide an overview of project methodology and summarize major findings on child care during the first 36 months. They describe the hours infants, toddlers, and preschoolers spend in child care, as well as the types and quality of care they experience. This portrait offers a sobering context for future sections, as infants typically spend long hours in child care, experience more than two child-care changes during the first year of life, as well as the fact that most children experience child care of mediocre quality at best. Section 3 explores family characteristics that may mask the effects of child care. Family income (especially for poor families), beliefs about childrearing and care, and other psychosocial risk factors are demonstrated as factors that, unless controlled for, may influence the interpretation of child-care effects. The effects of child care on health are explored in the fourth section, discussing the susceptibility of children to communicable diseases depending on the child's age and the size of the child-care group. The question of whether child care damages the relationship between mothers and children is thoroughly examined in section 5. Although hours spent in child care did not negatively affect the attachment formation at 15 months (unless maternal sensitivity was already low), cumulative hours spent in nonmaternal care did decrease maternal sensitivity over 3 years. …


The paper describes an innovative calibration method that makes it possible to efficiently measure the conductivity of workpieces with rough surfaces, where standard specimens with the already known properties are used for calibration. The calibration process leads to the determination of equivalent parameters of a probe. The measurements results are processed on line with the use of a simple mathematical model for the considered phenomenon. Finally, the determined conductivity value only slightly depends on the surface condition of the examined workpiece. During the conductivity determination there was calculated a parameter–namely, the eddy-current factor of surface roughness–that compensates the impact of the surface roughness. The parameter can be treated as a specific roughness factor of the eddy-currents. The factor has been determined for several samples with already known mechanical values obtained with the help of Ra and Rz methods.


Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy's (BIS) ability to detect and monitor extracellular fluid accumulation of the upper limb as it relates to the extent of loco-regional therapy. Methods: A total of 125 patients with breast cancer from 4 clinical practices were evaluated with BIS at baseline and following loco-regional procedures. In order to assess the ability of BIS to detect subclinical changes by treatment modality, the change in L-Dex score from baseline to measurements taken within 180 days following surgery were calculated. Results: Mean age was 55 years with 68 patients (54.4%) undergoing sentinel lymph node (SLN) sampling while 57 (45.6%) underwent an axillary dissection (ALND). Sixty-five patients (52%) underwent radiation therapy (RT). Patients receiving RT had a significantly increased change in L-Dex score (0.8 v.-2.5, p=0.03) compared with those patients not receiving RT. For all patients, ALND was associated with a significantly increased change in L-Dex score (5.0 v. 0.3, p=0.003) compared with SLN. When stratifying by the number of nodes removed, a statistically significant increase in the change in L-Dex score was noted (0.4 v. 0.4 v. 4.3 v. 6.4, p=0.04) for 0-3, 4-6, 7-10 and greater than 10 lymph nodes removed. Conclusions: In this limited analysis, L-Dex scores paralleled the extent of axillary sampling and the addition of radiation therapy; these results demonstrate that BIS can be used to monitor patients for the early onset of edema as differences emerged within 180 days of surgery.


In recent years, mindfulness has been considered as a potential source of proenvironmental attitudes and behavior. Present research is aimed at consolidating and expanding previous knowledge by proposing that mindfulness is related to both proenvironmental behavior and belief in global climate change through social dominance orientation (SDO). A first study was conducted on undergraduate students (n = 279) and found, as expected, that trait mindfulness was related to proenvironmental behavior through SDO. A second study using a known groups approach compared practitioners (n = 44) and nonpractitioners (n = 53) of Buddhist meditation, which is known to develop a mindful stance. Moreover, in Study 2, a measure of belief in global climate change was adopted as a further outcome. Again, trait mindfulness was related to both proenvironmental outcomes through SDO. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.


Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone cancer. Recently, more studies have shown that TPX2, a potential oncogene considered to be an important prognostic biomarker, is widely expressed in various tumors. However, until now, little is known about the impacts of TPX2 on the pathogenesis of OS.Methods: TPX2 expression of in OS cells and tissues was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. Various assays were used to analyze OS cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. The effect of TPX2 on the expression of E2F1 and proteins encoded by E2F1-regulated genes was evaluated by Western blotting. Coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and in vitro ubiquitination assays were employed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of TPX2 on stabilizing E2F1 and maintaining E2F1 signaling.Results: TPX2 is overexpressed in OS and is significantly correlated with the malignant progression of OS. TPX2 probably plays a critical role in the proliferation and metastasis of OS cells in vitro. Furthermore, TPX2 regulates E2F1 signaling by affecting the stability of E2F1, thereby affecting the proliferation and metastasis of OS cells. In addition, PSMD14 impacts the degradation and regulates the stability of E2F1. Most importantly, TPX2 regulates the interaction of E2F1 and PSMD14 to influence E2F1 degradation.Conclusions: Our research not only identifies TPX2 as a promising therapeutic target in cancer but also illuminates its underlying molecular mechanism. We showed that TPX2 promotes the malignant progression of OS by regulating E2F1 signaling.


The determination of the antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC), in pig tissues was investigated by capillaryzone electrophoresis (CZE) with a prior solicl-phase extraction (SPE) using alkyl-boncled silica and polymeric cartridges. The methodology developed allows determination of OTC in pig kidney, liver and muscle samples with detection limits below maximum residue hmitvalues, and the procedures to extract OTC and clean-up the matrix are simple and reliable. The limit of detection for OTC was 160, 120 and 85 ~g kg 1 for kidney, liver and muscle samples, respectively The average recoveries from spiked samples (200 I~g kg 1 and 1600 I~g kg 1) were in excess of 63% with coefficients of variation bel',,veen 2.0 and 9.8%. This method would be useful for routine monitoring of oxytetracychne residues in pig tissues.


This paper studies the layout and material development of sports facilities in the plateau environment of Gansu Tibetan Plateau by means of literature data, GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics. Based on the correlation analysis between population size and community area, it is concluded that the population size and community area of Gansu Tibetan areas are unreasonable; the number of public sports facilities in urban communities is not coupled with the community area; the layout of sports facilities is unreasonable and the number is biased. Strategies based on GIS system: strengthen the rational layout of sports facilities; focus on equipment research and development, combine regional characteristics, and manufacture suitable sports equipment; use composite reinforcement materials to improve the controllability of local mass fitness.


In this paper,we present an ordering linear unification algorithm(OLU).A new idea on substituteion of the binding terms is introduced to the algorithm,which is able to overcome some drawbacks of other algorithms,e.g.,MM algorithm^[1],RG1 and RG2 algorithms^[2],Particularly,if we use the directed eyclie graphs,the algoritm needs not check the binding order,then the OLU algorithm can also be aplied to the infinite tree data struceture,and a higher efficiency can be expected.The paper focuses upon the discussion of OLU algorithm and a partial order structure with respect to the unification algorithm.This algorithm has been implemented in the GKD-PROLOG/VAX 780 interpreting system.Experimental results have shown that the algorithm is very simple and efficient.


The thin glass plate, while maintaining the optical glass plate characteristics required for video display applications, to improve the strength, by applying a combination of surface hardening and surface etching treatment, at least in combination with the reinforcing surface compressive layer 1 One of a shock damage resistance glass plate including a chemical etching surface, useful in providing damage resistant protective glass plate for a video display device for household appliances, normalized high iron ball drop breakage high glass plate is provided illustrating a and a high flexural modulus of rupture strength.


SUMMARY Rotylenchulus renifonnis retains the moulted juvenile cuticles until the adult finally sheds them to become parasitic. The moulted cuticles have an important role in desiccation survival. The ensheathed adults are able to control their rate of water loss at O, 60 and 80 Oh relative humidities for significantly longer periods than exsheathed adults. Successful shedding of the juvenile cuticles appears to be aided by frictional forces achieved by movement of the active nematodes against soil particles. When movement is inhibited, as in very dry soils, the adults are unable to shed these cuticles; the nematodes become quiescent and are able to control their water loss and thus survive desiccation.


from OXPHOS to glycolysis [6]. The pluripotent marker OCT4 affects several target genes (e.g. ATP5D) associated with energy metabolism which are in favor of glycolysis [1]. Various new hPSC culture systems have been developed in recent years, including defined serum-free media (e.g., mTESR, StemPro, and E8) and synthetic substrates (e.g., synthemax) [7,8]. How the subtle differences in these culture conditions affect energy balance and the differentiation efficiency of hPSCs needs to be explored.


The contact pressure between axle and hub in the rolling stock is not only the important parameter to study fretting damage but also the important factor of ensuring torque transmission and resisting relative slip.In this paper,aiming at the hollow axle and wheel,adopting the finite element software ABAQUS,the finite element model of axle and wheel is established.Considering the interference fit between axle and wheel and mesh refinement in the high stress gradient zone,the influence of axle design parameters on the contact pressure between axle and hub is investigated.The design parameters include the interference fit,axle fillet radii,hub extension,diameter ratio between wheel fit and axle body and hollowness,as well as the friction coefficient,temperature and rotation speed of the wheelset in the service condition.The result shows that the interference fit has an important effect on the contact pressure and should be chosen carefully,the axle fillet radii and hub extension significantly influence the contact edge pressure,and the other axle design parameters have negligible effect on the contact pressure.


Objective:The aim of the study was to assess the oral health behaviour among HIV-infected patients at- tending Kunming Third Hospital. Method:A questionnaire was administered by two interviewer to a sample of 102 patients with a serological diagnosis of HIV infection to assess their oral health behaviour;The assessment of oral health behaviour involved determining the regularity and frequency of oral hygiene practices,and use of mouth wash. Result:Due to their ed- ucational backgrounds and incomes,distinctive differences of knowledge,concepts and behaviors about oral health exist a- mong these patients. Conclusion:There is a general lack of knowledge,correct concepts and behaviors about oral health a- mong HIV infected patients. Public oral health education and promotion should be conducted.


The first part of the article outlines the 1914–17 discussion on establishing national autonomies in the non-Russian regions of the Empire when the WWI made the national question extremely urgent both for the central government and national elites. After the collapse of the Empire the Provisional Government did not work out any general programme for solving the problem. The second part analyses the activity of Latvian and Estonian national-democratic leaders for solving the national question in their respective regions. They presented their projects of establishing national autonomies based on democratic principles to the Provisional Government in spring 1917. Although the latter did not approve these programmes in full, the elected National Land Councils started corresponding reforms, while the Bolsheviks who were also present in these Councils made efforts to undermine the creation of autonomies. When Russia was proclaimed the democratic state on September 1 (13), 1917, the federative form of the state was not declared. But despite growing tendency to independence, establishing national autonomies within a Russian Democratic Federal Republic to be proclaimed by the All-Russian Constituent Assembly remained more attractive perspective for the Latvians and Estonians. The dissolution of the Constituent Assembly in January, 1918 marked the end of the hopes for national autonomies within the Russian Democratic Federal Republic. Still, the formation of the Soviet Federative State in spite of the Bolsheviks' previous idea of a unitary proletarian republic, indicated that the Communist authorities had to take into account the peoples' desire for national autonomies. This fact highlights the missed opportunities for the Provisional Government to save the project of the Russian democratic state. Ключевые слова /


As newly emerged technology,3D laser scanning bears the advantages of high-speed,real time,high-efficiency,et al.Compared with traditional survey methods,it can acquire the 3D coordinates of objects directly and has been widely applied in various fields.This article studies mainly on acquiring mining subsidence prediction parameters with 3D laser scanning data.According to the characteristic,an acquiring program based on Pattern Search,method has been developed with VB6.0.The application of this program in real project proves its better efficiency.


Based on the extensive reading of the historical document,the author of the present article indicates that "Xifan",besides "Tufan",as the most commonly used term,it often means Turkish and Indo-European languages in the western region.Meanwhile,the definition of "Xifan" is inadequate in the Grand Dictionary of Chinese Language.


We review the Rasetti–Regge Dirac bracket (RRDB) for determining the constrained Hamiltonian dynamics of vortex filaments moving with an incompressible potential flow of superfluid helium-II in the Lagrangian fluid picture. We compare the equations for Lagrangian vortex filaments with their corresponding Eulerian vorticity dynamics in the examples of the Euler fluid, superfluid vortices, the local induction approximation (LIA), the Rosenhead regularization and a new class of alternative regularized theories including the Euler-alpha model. The RRDB formulation generalizes the Betchov–Da Rios equation for the transverse self-induction velocity of a vortex filament from LIA to the case of an incompressible fluid whose energy may expressed as an arbitrary functional of spatial vorticity. We also discuss the relation of RRDB to the Marsden–Weinstein bracket for vortex filaments and its implications under the Hasimoto transformation for physically meaningful nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger (NLNLS) equations. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. on behalf of IMACS. PACS:47.10. +g; 45.10.Db


BACKGROUND
It is hypothesized that peri-implant conditions are worse with increasing severity of obesity, because systemic low-grade inflammatory marker (C-reactive protein [CRP]) is higher in severe form of obese individuals.

PURPOSE
The aim of the cross-sectional retrospective study was to compare clinical and radiographic peri-implant inflammatory parameters in patients with different levels of obesity and correlate these parameters with CRP levels.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eighty-four patients who participated in this study were divided into 4 groups: class I obese (group 1), class II obese (group 2), class III obese (group 3), and nonobese individuals (group 4) were included. Clinical (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD]) and radiographic (marginal bone loss [MBL]) peri-implant parameters were recorded. Serum CRP were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical peri-implant parameters and serum CRP concentrations were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze correlations of CRP levels with any of the clinical and radiographic parameters assessed.

RESULTS
Peri-implant PI, BOP, PD, and MBL were significantly higher in group-1, -2, and -3 patients as compared to nonobese individuals (P < .05). Peri-implant PI, BOP, PD, and MBL were significantly higher in obese patients of group-2 and group-3 as compared to obese patients in group-1 (P < .01). Mean PI, BOP, PD, and MBL were comparable between group-2 and group-3 patients (P > .05). A significant positive correlations were found between CRP levels and BOP (P = .0148) and PD (P = .0425); and significant negative correlation was found for MBL in group 3, respectively (P = .0212).

CONCLUSION
Clinical and radiographic peri-implant inflammatory parameters and serum CRP were significantly high in patients with severe form of obesity. Serum CRP levels correlated with peri-implant bleeding in obese patients. These findings are preliminary and long-term controlled trials are recommended to support these outcomes.


Abstract : The material presented in the report is intended to furnish a unified approach to understanding (1) the physical behavior of multiwire transmission lines as used in the realization of high-frequency electrical filters and couplers, and (2) the response of open-wire lines and of shielded cables to end excitation or to continuous excitation along the line by external electromagnetic fields. Scope of development is restricted entirely to monochromatic behavior of linear time-invariant systems, since, from that base, the response of the line to transient applied forces is readily synthesized by means of the Fourier theorem. The theory of lossless lines in homogeneous, isotropic dielectrics is applied in the derivation of basic line parameters of simple transmission line models. These parameters are related to the classical Maxwell capacitance coefficients. A number of practical configurations are discussed on which the designs of directional couplers, inductive and capacitive couplers, and wave filters, are based.


A phase fluorometer for electron beam excitation was described. The introduction of a new method for the measurement of the phase difference between excitation and emission permits measurements with a high modulation frequency of the decay times in the range from 5 x 10/sup -10/ to 2 x 10/sup -8/ sec with an accuracy of more than 10%. Measurements can also be made on weakly luminating materials. The decay time of air was measured at 6.0 plus or minus 0.4 x 10/ sup -10/ sec. Measurements are reported on the variation of the decay time of some organic phosphors under electron bombardment. (tr-auth)


1533Background: In women newly diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer (BC), contralateral risk-reducing mastectomy (CRRM) to decrease risk for additional primary BC is an appropriate option for so...


An etching apparatus has a chamber enclosing a first electrode, a second electrode, confinement rings, a focus ring, and a shield. The first electrode is coupled to a source of a fixed potential. The second electrode is coupled to a dual frequency RF power source. The confinement rings are disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The chamber is formed of an electrically conductive material coupled to the source. The focus ring substantially encircles the second electrode and electrically insulates the second electrode. The shield substantially encircles the focus ring. The distance between an edge of the second electrode and an edge of the shield is at least less than the distance between the edge of the second electrode and an edge of the first electrode. The shield is formed of an electrically conductive material coupled to the source of fixed potential.


The traditional architecture we find in the Mediterranean basin continues to be of an extraordinary richness. It is the product and the reflection of societies accustomed to intense interchange, and it has taken form slowly precisely thanks to these interchanges. It is however important to point out immediately that it is a disappearing architectural form, because it was produced on the basis of a logic that we call pre-industrial, when things happened slowly, when the shapes of architecture were distilled with the passing generations and when know-how was handed down from father to son in families of builders (known as master builders, maalem in Arabic). The societies living in the Mediterranean have changed radically since the arrival of the phenomenon of industrialization, now refined for the umpteenth time in the form of globalization. The communities that built and dwelt in this architecture have disappeared or are breaking down, and other logics are now at play (migration, second homes, creation of ghettos, gentrification, fall in property value leading to replacement by new buildings, etc.).1 Sometimes, our romantic, melancholic view prevents our seeing that its inhabitants have to be able to transform it in order to adapt it to the needs and aspirations of the present day. In this article we will attempt to present the richness in bioclimatic terms of this architecture and to reflect on the possibilities of rehabilitating it to make the most of its huge potential, with all the respect it deserves.


The notion of Ω-fuzzy p-ideal in BCI-algebra is introduced,and their related properties are investigated.Using fuzzy p-ideals,Ω-fuzzy p-ideals are described.Conversely,we construction of fuzzy p-ideals is done by application of Ω-fuzzy p-ideal.How to deal with the homomorphic image and inverse image of an Ω-fuzzy p-ideals are studied.The characterization of Ω-fuzzy p-ideals by their level p-ideals is discussed.The relations between an Ω-fuzzy p-ideal in BCI-algebras and an Ω-fuzzy p-ideal in the product algebra of BCI-algebras are investigated.


The invention discloses a method for designing stability parameters of a self-adapting filter of a self-balancing system of a magnetic suspension rotor. The method comprises the following steps of establishing a radial rotation dynamics differential equation model of the self-balancing system of the magnetic suspension rotor with a gyroscopic effect; converting a real coefficient bivariate gyroscopic coupling system into a complex coefficient univariate equivalent system through complex transformation; calculating a closed-loop transfer function of the complex coefficient univariate equivalent system; determining a start angle range of a root locus, which meets the stability requirement of the self-balancing system, at a critical stable point of an imaginary axis; resolving a stability parameter intersection of the self-adapting filter; finally, determining the stability parameters of the self-adapting filter. While the rotor speed is estimated and tracked in real time so as to improve the self-balancing precision, the stability of the self-balancing system of the magnetic suspension rotor with the gyroscopic effect within a full speed range is ensured. The method disclosed by the invention is simpler and more convenient than other methods, and is especially suitable for practical magnetic suspension rotor systems.


We thank Prof. Ravi Shankar for his thoughtful reflections [1] on our recommendations for education about drug and device promotion [2]. Prof. Shankar is one of the few who have published an evaluation of education about drug promotion [3], so we are pleased that he concurs with most of our recommendations. We agree with him that implementation of our recommendations will be difficult. The main barrier to implementation is the widespread denial by health professionals that we are often adversely influenced by promotion. This denial arises partly from ignorance of the evidence about promotion and partly from a refusal to accept that evidence, because it is viewed as insulting our self-esteem [4]. We believe health professionals need to move from overconfident illusions of invulnerability to accept that we are human, so it is normal for us to be misled by persuasive promotional techniques [5].

Prof. Shankar seems to believe that doctors can be taught to "critically evaluate drug promotion" [1] so as to "optimise time spent with medical representatives" [3], although he acknowledges only "mixed success" with his medical students [1]. By contrast, we are pessimistic that doctors will ever be able to gain more good than harm from visits by sales representatives in any country. All the relevant evidence of which we are aware suggests that exposure to promotion correlates with less appropriate prescribing [6]. Furthermore, the skills required to avoid being misled may take many years to learn, and many hours to apply after each visit. There is no proven method for overcoming normal human vulnerabilities such as the tendency to believe attractive, socially skilled people, especially if they have built up trust over many visits. Consequently, we believe the onus is on anyone who claims that it is possible for health professionals to learn how to gain net benefit from sales representatives' visits to produce evidence to support that claim.

Prof. Shankar is ambivalent about our recommendation that health professionals avoid promotion because in his country, Nepal, sales representatives "may be their only source of information about medicines." We share Shankar's concern about lack of relevant independent information for doctors in many countries. In all countries, whoever pays for health care will get better results at lower cost by funding independent information, rather than paying direct and indirect costs from inappropriate drug and device use caused by misleading promotion. Payers for health care are more likely to fund such initiatives if they understand how harmful drug promotion is. Even if no such initiatives are forthcoming, we reject the idea that any information—even if it is misleading—is better than no information at all. The majority of new drugs are more expensive than their older analogues, but no better (and sometimes worse). Patients would be better off if doctors were ignorant non-prescribers of such drugs rather than misinformed frequent prescribers.

Current patterns of health professionals' interactions with the drug and device industry are causing much harm [6]. Our three main tasks are to develop optimal recommendations for improvement, identify barriers to implementation, and develop methods for overcoming those barriers. We appreciate any input, including Prof. Shankar's reflections, that will help us improve our performance on those tasks.


This note re-examines the main finding of Creedy's (1997a) study of income dynamics in New Zealand: regression towards the mean of taxable income and negative serial correlation. The Wald tests he used to conduct statistical inference, as well as being asymptotic tests, are not invariant to reparam-eterisations of the non-linear restrictions that are tested to arrive at this result. An alternative small-sample testing strategy, based on linear restrictions, is used here, and Creedy's finding is confirmed.


Fault-tolerant distributed consensus is a fundamental problem in secure distributed computing. In this work, we consider the problem of distributed consensus in directed graphs tolerating crash failures. Tseng and Vaidya (PODC'15) presented necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of consensus protocols in directed graphs. We improve the round and communication complexity of their protocol. Moreover, we prove that our protocol requires the optimal number of communication rounds, required by any protocol belonging to a restricted class of crash-tolerant consensus protocols in directed graphs.


''The therapist must also accurately convey through language and other forms of communicating meaning that he or she grasps the patient's meaning. Then the multiple layers of the patient's self-organization become resonant with the therapist's and they cocreate a new and greater coherence, a dyadically expanded, harmonically amplified state of consciousness shared between them. This then becomes empathy'' (Ham & Tronick, 2009, p. 622).


PURPOSE: To provide a wire rod whose basic composition is Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 2 with high critical current. CONSTITUTION: A material whose composition is Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 1-x ,Y x , Cu 2 O 2 is filled in a silver sheath tube, and subsequently the Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 1-x Y x Cu 2 O 2 in the silver sheath tube is partially and sequentially melted by means of zone melting process so that the crystal of the Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 1-y Y x Cu 2 O 2 , whose C-crystalline-axis is oriented in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the silver sheath tube, is grown inside the silver sheath tube. X in the Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 1-x Y x Cu 2 O 2 is the value that satisfies 0.01≤x≤0.07. As the result, when being cooled from the molten state, no Bi 2 Sr 2 CuO 2 phase takes place so that wire containing a dense structure with no impurity phase can be provided. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) obtained using a widely reported culture method are actually a heterozygous cell population of the adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF). This heterogeneity may interfere with the multi-differentiation potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). It is therefore necessary to establish an efficient method for isolating ADMSCs that have high multi-differentiation potential. Several studies indicated that mucosialin (CD34) might be one of the specific markers of ADMSCs. In our previous studies, a CD34-enriched cell population sorted from the pooled SVF had stronger differentiation potential than that of unsorted cells in a hair follicle morphogenesis model. However, it remains unclear whether CD34-enriched cells have stronger potential for other lineage differentiation, particularly osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. In this study, CD34^+ cells were harvested and sorted from murine adipose-derived cells and their potentials for osteogenesis and chondrogesis were examined using engineered bone and cartilage models. The results show that CD34^+ cells exhibited stronger potential for bone formation with stronger van Gieson and collagen I staining than those of CD34^- cells and an unsorted SVF when seeded on s-tricalcium phosphate. Furthermore, CD34^+ cells also exhibited a much stronger chondrogenic potential than those of CD34^- cells and an unsorted SVF, with stronger staining of toluidine blue, Safranin-O, and collagen II in a chondrocyte pellet and engineered cartilage. Most importantly, only CD34^+ cells could form a cartilage-like lacunae structure. All these results indicate that CD34 may serve as a specific surface marker for enriching ADMSCs in ASCs.


In the current era, pictorial representation of data in the form of patterns, charts, graphs and trends are gaining a lot of attention in the fields of finance and science. Deep and correct study of the trends going on is necessary to better one's financial and general knowledge and helps reading and comparing the patterns over a period of time. Correct understanding of the pictorial representation of data in the form of line charts, bar charts or any textual representation is a major task. Hence, the proposed method aims at reading these charts and images, converting them into text and generating questions and then using sentiment analysis to determine positive or negative trends. This is followed by generating commonly asked questions based on the extracted text and providing more context and information on this text using web crawling, which helps provide greater dimensionality and understanding of the problem at hand.


Previous empirical work has shown that real natural gas prices have a small to negligible impact on total U.S. industrial production and most of its sub-indices. We first show that these results still hold with a sample that runs through mid-2012 and uses a different natural gas price. Concerns about the joint determination of the real natural gas price and U.S. economic activity lead us to reassess these results using a multivariate framework. Our model shows that natural gas does affect U.S. economic activity, but primarily through changes in natural gas production. We also show that natural gas supply, inventory demand, and responses to events in the oil market have been the most important contributors to the real natural gas price since 2000. In terms of approximate point estimates, our results indicate that increases in natural gas supply can raise total U.S. industrial production by 0.1 to 0.5 percent under plausible scenarios.


For the anaerobic(biogas)-natural post treatment model in the biogas project,this paper briefly explained the concept of aquatic plants,analyzed the mechanism and application of aquatic plants for the post-processing of biogas project.Corresponding aquatic plants matching the biogas project were proposed.


Significance Content moderation of online speech is a moral minefield, especially when two key values come into conflict: upholding freedom of expression and preventing harm caused by misinformation. Currently, these decisions are made without any knowledge of how people would approach them. In our study, we systematically varied factors that could influence moral judgments and found that despite significant differences along political lines, most US citizens preferred quashing harmful misinformation over protecting free speech. Furthermore, people were more likely to remove posts and suspend accounts if the consequences of the misinformation were severe or if it was a repeated offense. Our results can inform the design of transparent, consistent rules for content moderation that the general public accepts as legitimate.


Mixing of warm fuel reflowing from a common rail (13) of a power source (12) and cool fuel may lead to undesired temperatures of the fuel supplied to the common rail (13). The disclosed apparatus and method may prevent mixing of the warm and cool fuel which may lead to desired temperatures of the fuel supplied to the common rail (13). The disclosed fuel tank (100; 200) may comprise a first fuel compartment (110), a second fuel compartment (120) disposed above the first fuel compartment (110), and a fluid passage (116) configured to fluidly connect the first fuel compartment (110) to the second fuel compartment (120).


The mechanism of steady-state microbunching (SSMB) has been proposed [D. F. Ratner and A. W. Chao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 154801 (2010)] to generate high-power coherent radiation at a high repetition rate or in continuous-wave mode using electron storage rings. In this paper, the related single-particle dynamics are theoretically and numerically studied, and important results are presented. The investigated effects are longitudinal quantum radiation excitation, nonlinear momentum compaction, and linear and nonlinear coupling of the transverse and longitudinal motion. Although this analysis is oriented toward SSMB, some of the analyzed effects are also crucial in cases such as coherent harmonic generation, bunch slicing, bunch compression, free-electron laser beam transport lines, and quasi-isochronous rings, which involve precise longitudinal phase-space manipulations.


In view of a garage fire accident occurred in this area, under the circumstance of not forming continuous chain of evidence through many visits to obtain different types of clues in detail,fire detachment and public security forensic analyze and determine the reason of the auto fire accident by field forensics, on-site inspection,material evidence extraction and technical appraisal.


Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) battery packs are continuously gaining in importance in many energy storage applications such as electric vehicles and smart energy grids. Such battery packs require advanced Battery Management Systems (BMSs), which are contributions from the embedded systems and integrated circuits domain. The BMS monitors and controls the battery cells in a pack and ensures the functionality, efficiency, safety and reliability of the pack. Conventional BMS designs employ a centralized controller architecture for the whole battery pack. Recently, Smart Battery Cells have been proposed which enable a complete decentralization of the BMS. In Smart Battery Cells, each cell is equipped with a Cell Management Unit (CMU) which individually manages the cell it is attached to. By communication with other Smart Battery Cells, the pack-level functionality of the BMS is provided in a distributed fashion. While this architecture provides many benefits such as scalability, minimal integration effort and increased functional safety, existing design and verification methodologies can neither be applied on hardware nor on software level. Consequently, this contribution will discuss how such methodologies for Smart Battery Cells could be developed and points out which further research contributions are needed. For this purpose, we address modeling and simulation of cyberphysical aspects on all abstraction levels and illustrate how verification approaches can be introduced to this new field of application.


Purpose
This paper aims to examine the technology usage for talent management and its effect on organizational performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The grounded theory approach was used for this research. Semi-structured interviews with 122 senior HR officers of national and multinational companies in India were conducted after extensive literature review. NVivo 8.0 software was used for the analysis of the interview data.

Findings
Technology usage for talent management contributes to talent analytics and strategic HR management (SHRM). It was found that talent analytics and SHRM lead to developing a high-performing talent pool, which in turn contributes to organizational performance.

Originality/value
This study used the grounded theory approach to develop the proposed conceptual model for organizational performance using talent management technology. This study delivers important insights for talent managers, HR technology marketers and developers of technology.


Introduction: Nowadays, lung allocation in Brazil is based mainly on waitingtime while on list (Li) for lung transplantation (LTx). Objectives: (1) To determine the profi leof the patients on Li; (2) To identify predictors of death on list (PDLi). Casuistic and methods:We analysed medical records of 164 patients inscribed on Li by our service, from 2001 to2008. The PDLi were obtained through Cox proportional hazards analyses. Results: Patientswere included onto Li with mean age of 40,9 ± 15,7 years, maily due to emphysema (24,5%).Diagnosis of emphysema or bronquiectasis (relative risk [RR]=0,15; p=0,002), activated partialthromboplastin time > 30 seconds (RR=3,28; p=0,002), plasma albumin (RR=0,44; p=0,033)and hemoglobin saturation > 85% (RR=0,44; p=0,031) were identifi ed as PDLi. Conclusions: (1)Some variables can predict probability of death on Li; (2) To know LTx recipients' characteristicsis essential for future actions driven at improving LTx allocation criteria.


Syndiotactic polymerization of styrene in the presence of heterogenized hemititanocene catalysts CpTiCl3/Al2O3–SiO2/MAO (Cp = cyclopentadienyl; MAO = methylaluminoxane) showed that the yield and selectivity of this reaction depend on the support composition, i.e. on the Al2O3 content in the support. The most active catalysts contained Al2O3 in a quantity of 50 to 70 wt%. Despite a relatively lower selectivity of 75–59%, the amount of syndiotactic polystyrene in the presence of those catalysts was the greatest. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


We study the ground-state properties of the quantum spin liquid (QSL) phases of the spin-$1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice with nearest- ($J_1$), next-nearest- ($J_2$), and third-neighbor ($J_3$) interactions by using density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method. By combining parallel DMRG with $SU(2)$ spin rotational symmetry, we are able to obtain accurate results on large cylinders with length up to $L_x=48$ and circumference $L_y=6 - 12$. Our results suggest that the QSL phase of the $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model is gapped which is characterized by the absence of gapless mode, short-range spin-spin and dimer-dimer correlations. In the presence of $J_3$ interaction, we find that a new critical QSL with a single gapless mode emerges. While both spin-spin and scalar chiral-chiral correlations are short-ranged, dimer-dimer correlations are quasi-long-ranged which decays as a power-law at long distances.


6537 Background: Patients with active disease at HCT conditioning fare poorly and disease burden correlates with outcome. Methods: We present preliminary results of a prospective single institution feasibility study of CLO 30 mg/m2 iv daily for 5 consecutive days as a pre-HCT cytoreductive agent followed by HCT conditioning 15-21 days after initiation of CLO. All patients (pts) had active disease. At analysis 17 pts were enrolled and evaluable; 8 AML, 5 MDS, 2 ALL, and 2 CML; median age was 48 (range 23-65); donors were 7 matched related, 9 matched unrelated, and 1 cord + haplo supplemented adult. The conditioning regimens were investigator determined (5 ablative, 12 reduced intensity), all but 2 contained alemtuzumab. Results: CLO therapy was well tolerated with skin, renal, liver, and infectious toxicity incidence (CTCAE v.3) prior to HCT day 0 as follows: 12% grade (gr.) 2 hand- foot syndrome; 29% gr. 1 and 6% gr. 3 SGOT elevation; 41% gr. 1-2 and 6% gr. 3 bilirubin elevation; 41% neutropenic fever, wi...


ABSTRACT The paleontological record of mammals offers many examples of evolutionary change, which are well documented at many levels of the biological hierarchy—at the level of species (and above), populations, morphology, and, in ideal cases, even genes. The evolutionary changes developed against a backdrop of climatic change that took place on different scales, from rapid shifts in climate state that took only a few decades, to those that occurred over a millennial scale, to regular glacial–interglacial transitions with cycles of roughly a hundred thousand years, to long-term warming or cooling trends over hundreds of thousands to millions of years. Are there certain scales of climatic change that accelerate evolution? And what will the current global warming event do to evolutionary rates? Here we use paleontology—the study of fossils—to illustrate the scientific method behind answering such complex questions, and to suggest that current rates of global warming are far too fast to influence evolution much and instead are likely to accelerate extinctions.


Research on news organizations' approach to digital media in the 1990s and 2000s generally found that most organizations adopted a defensive approach. Since then, both digital media and news organizations have continued to develop, and we cannot simply assume that the approach remains the same. In this paper, we analyse how a purposive sample of 19 news organizations across three different countries approach online video news—chosen as a paradigmatic example of the current move towards a more mobile, platform-dominated, and video-enabled digital media environment. On the basis of semi-structured interviews with senior people across the sample, we argue that most news organizations today adopt a far more enterprising approach to digital media than that found in the 1990s and 2000s, and invest in what they see as promising opportunities in an uncertain environment. We find that decisions to invest in online video news are shaped primarily by a perception of what audiences want, what platforms like Facebook and Google/YouTube prioritize, and the prospect of lucrative video advertising. Editorial considerations seem marginal. The enterprising approach and the considerations behind it are broadly similar across the organizations and countries covered, with exceptions (some broadcasters and German news organizations).


The importance of face anti-spoofing algorithms in biometric authentication systems is becoming indispensable. Recently, the success of Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) in key application areas of computer vision has encouraged its use in face biometrics for face anti-spoofing and verification applications. However, small training data has restricted the use of deep CNN architectures for face anti-spoofing applications. In this paper, we develop an end-to-end CNN architecture for face anti-spoofing application. i.e. a deep CNN architecture which directly map the raw input face images to the corresponding output classes. Additionally, an efficient training strategy has been proposed to enable the use of deeper CNN structures for face anti-spoofing applications and to enable the growth of training data in autonomous way. For training a CNN architecture, we propose a 50RS-30SeC-1E (50 Random Samples-30 Sub-epochs Count-1Epoch) training strategy. The training data is randomly sampled during each forward-pass through the CNN architecture and 30 such passes counts for 1 complete epoch. An 11-layer VGG network with 2 derived VGG-11 networks have been trained for face anti-spoofing on CASIA-FASD dataset. Experimental results show significant improvement on various face-spoofing scenarios. A 3% improvement over state of the art approaches has been reported for Overall Test (OT) while achieving a lowest EER of 5%.


We present a principled representation learning approach based on convolutional dictionary learning (CDL) for motif discovery. We unroll an iterative algorithm that optimizes CDL as a forward pass in a neural network, resulting in a network that is fully interpretable, fast, and capable of finding motifs in large datasets. Simulated data show that our network is more sensitive and specific for discovering binding sites that exhibit complex binding patterns than popular motif discovery methods such as STREME and HOMER. Our network reveals statistically significant motifs and their diverse binding modes from the JASPAR database that are currently not reported.


: In this paper, the 40-Gbps orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technology enabled by subcarrier allocation in the form of integrated architecture for the intra-cell is proposed in the downlink transmission passive broadband optical access system. The data-carrying subcarriers in the inverse fast Fourier transform/fast Fourier transform (IFFT/FFT) size of 1 024 points are successfully divided into three sub-channels, in which each sub-channel has 256 useful subcarriers, by using adaptive dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA). Taking the inherent advantages of M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) modulation mechanism into account, the performance of the absolutely identical MQAM format over the different sub-channels for the downstream OFDMA-passive optical network (PON) is investigated based on the intensity modulation direct detection (IMDD) system by simulations. The results show that three parallel 4QAM or 16QAM or 64QAM OFDMA data, which are transmitted over three sub-channels, is more suitable for different sub-channel allocations, respectively. In addition, comparing with single port 4/16/64QAM OFDM over the same access system, the receiver sensitivity economizes –0.6 dBm, 0.6 dBm, 4.6 dBm at the bit error rate (BER) value of 10 − 3 respectively.


The shrink of device node to 65 and 45nm node masks mask manufacturers paying their attention to repair process in terms of mask cost efficiency. Thus, it is very important to define the repair performance accurately and introduce adequate tools timely. Usually the repair performance has been expressed as an edge placement error, transmittance change and quartz damage. We have used the measuring tools such as CD SEM, AFM and AIMS to measure those factors and the 2D simulator, Solid C to predict the repair performance. In this case, 3D topographical effect is not considered. However, the 3D topography of pattern becomes quite important for 45 nm node or less. ArF immersion lithography is the strongest candidate for the 45 nm node. The immersion technology makes it possible to use of hyper NA systems1. Hyper NA will increase the polarization effect of illumination source2. Therefore, the topography of pattern is quite important with respect to the intensity and the polarization of various diffraction orders. This paper presents repair specifications based on the Solid E 3D simulator of the 45 nm node.


Summary The anniversary of the death of Pietro Tacchini (1838–1905), one of the pioneers of solar physics in Italy, is commemorared by this account of his major creation, the Società degli Spettroscopisti Italiani (1871). Established to promote cooperation among solar spectroscopists engaged in the study of the solar chromosphere, it was the first scientific Society devoted to spectroscopy and its astronomical applications. Its journal, the Memorie, collected most of the important works on solar physics by Angelo Secchi SJ (1818–1878), Tacchini himself, and many other protagonists of the newly born astrophysics. A brief history of the Society and its development draws on many previously unexploited archival sources, in order to show its role in raising astrophysics to the status of a scientific discipline, in the context of the astronomical research of that time in Italy and abroad, especially in the USA.


Facing the changing environment and the age of knowledge economy, innovation becomes a critical weapon for enterprises to sustain competitive advantage. Enterprise needs to allocate adequate resources and support innovation activities for effectiveness of innovation. That is to say, we should consider the organizational change or innovation from strategic or organizational viewpoint. This study construct an innovation capability model which includes important capability factors to effectively support innovation strategy, innovation activities, and innovation performance. The organizational innovation capability is the combinations of these capability factors, namely innovation processes, organizational structure, organizational motivation, and organizational culture. We adopt case study as research method, and chooses P&G as research case to verify the validation of the innovation capability model. From the results of data analysis, we find that P&G is a high innovative organization. Some effective suggestions about innovation strategy and improving organizational innovation capability are also provided.


If we generalize the notion of a manifold to that of a filtered manifold, the usual r\^ole of tangent space is played by the nilpotent graded Lie algebra which is defined at each point of the filtered manifold as its first order approximation. On the basis of this nilpotent approximation we have been studying various structures and objects on filtered manifolds to develop Nilpotent Geometry and Analysis. In this paper we present a simple principle to associate systems of differential equations to a representation of a Lie algebra in the framework of nilpotent analysis.


In this paper, we consider a hybrid fading model in which line of sight (LOS) component is available between the transmitter and legitimate receiver and assume that eavesdropper is not in LOS from the transmitter. We analyze probability of existence of secrecy and secrecy outage probability for the case that the channels to the legitimate receiver are $\kappa -\mu $ faded and the channels to eavesdropper are Rayleigh faded. We present closed form expressions for existence of secrecy and a lower bound on secrecy outage probability when legitimate receiver and eavesdropper uses maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity scheme to improve their performances in fading conditions. Results of analytical expressions are verified by an agreement of the results from simulation. Finally, it is concluded that the presence of LOS component improves secrecy of the system and stronger LOS component betters the secrecy.


Objective:To evaluate the effects of the platform-switching protocol in the maxilla posterior implant-supported prostheses.Methods:141 implants were consecutively placed in 45 patients following a nonsubmerged surgical protocol.On the experiment,a healing abutment 0.7 mm narrower than the implant platform was placed at the time of surgery.On the controlled,a healing abutment of the same diameter as the implant was inserted.All implants were positioned at the crestal level.Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed,the c restal level were observed 3,6,12 months after dental implant prosthetics.Results:The quality of vertical bone loss for the test cases are small satisfied than the controlled(p0.01);The gingival outcome surround implant are not difference between two group(p0.05).Conclusion:Platform switching seems to reduce peri-implant crestal bone resorption and increase the long-term predictability of implant therapy.


Shocked though Americans were by the narrowness of the presidential election of 2000, no one could say that they were at a loss for words as they went through the crisis that began on election day and ended when the United States Supreme Court effectively handed the presidency to George W Bush. To the contrary, the tide of words was one of the most conspicuous marks of the postelection contest: an eruptive tsunami of words rolled out from the television and radio talk shows, the Internet chat rooms and the street corners, the nation of instant talking heads, explaining and obfuscating events, mobilizing and contesting. In the overdetermined political circumstances of the struggle, rhetoric held no simple key to the Bush victory. Once the Republicans realized that they could send a slate of Republican electors chosen by the Florida legislature to the Republican-controlled Congress to challenge whatever certified or uncertified vote tallies might emerge from the Florida canvassing boards, the contest over the outcome of the presidential election was effectively over. But even in an electorate that recognized the instrumentality of language and the fine arts of rhetorical "spinning," the contest over words went on with deadly seriousness, absorbing and radiating power and consequence. The historian cannot but ask what that contest revealed about contemporary political culture and, perhaps deeper still, about the intensely charged yet diminished character of the political language of our times. As in all rhetorical eruptions, the structures lay just below the surface. It was an allbut-unbroken rule on the television news shows that the talking heads should talk in pairs; party-paired congressional representatives, law professors, and pundits showed up on the television split screens like squads of tag-team wrestlers, following the scripts and playbooks of the day with the faithfulness of disciplined athletes. Sound bites circulated, crystallizing in figures of speech the essence of the matter-the infallibility of machines; the cheap, shoddy equipment passed off on minority voters; the partisanship, character, and tastelessly applied makeup of Katherine Harris, the Florida secretary of state whose rulings curtailing manual recounts were central to the Republicans'


What magnificent instruments of observation we possess in our senses! This nose, for example, of which no philosopher has yet spoken of with reverence and gratitude.
 —Nietzsche, Twilight of the Idols

 These words are part of Nietzsche's attack on the "concept-mummies"—philosophers like Kant, Hegel, and Schopenhauer—who claim that the body and the senses are deceptive....


This book portrays the wisdom of the National Training Laboratory approach to groups and their facilitation. If you ascribe to their approach and have found it useful in the past, this book is for you. If conversely, you find this somewhat behavioural approach limited, and are seeking a wider, less focused appreciation of the small group, this book is not recommended. But, if you are new to this perspective, this book will introduce and orientate you to the history of laboratory training methods, the educational philosophy on which they stand, and how practitioners of this field work with and deal with stress reactions in groups.


Tsunami propagation and inundation are commonly simulated using large-scale depth-averaged models. In such models, the quadratic friction law with a selected Manning's coefficient is generally applied to account for the effect of bottom surface roughness in each computational element. Buildings and tree vegetation in coastal areas are usually smaller than the computational element size. Using empirical Manning's coefficients to account for such large objects is not physically sound and, particularly in tsunami inundation modelling, this may result in large uncertainties. Therefore, an improved understanding of the processes associated with the hydraulic resistance of the so-called macro-roughness elements (MRE) is required. Relevant parameters such as shape, height and arrangement of the MRE should be investigated through laboratory experiments or numerical tests using a well-validated three-dimensional CFD model. Given the correlation of such parameters to the MRE-induced hydraulic resistance, empirical formulae were developed and directly implemented as sink terms in depth-averaged numerical solvers such as non-linear shallow-water (NLSW) models.


On 14 October 2021, the Nuffield Council on Bioethics called for more evidence of the need for mandatory vaccination before resorting to coercion.1 In contrast, countries such as France, Greece, Italy, and Hungary have already made covid vaccination mandatory for healthcare workers and last week the UK's secretary of state for health and social care, Sajid Javid, said that he was "leaning towards" compulsory vaccination. Judging from the experience with care home workers, for whom vaccination will become compulsory from 11 November 2021, implementing this policy should result in a boost in uptake.5 There have been some reports of unvaccinated care workers quitting their jobs over compulsory covid vaccines, but the full impact of the new law on staff levels is not yet known.6 The potential impact on the workforce is clearly a source of concern to NHS trust leaders. Competing interests: none declared Provenance and peer review: not commissioned, not peer reviewed 1 Mandatory vaccinations for health and social care workers https://www.nuffieldbioethics.org/news/mandatory-vaccinations-for-health-and-social-care-workers-nuffield-council-on-bioethics-urges-government-to-gather-more-evidence-and-explore-other-options-more-thoroughly-before-introducing-coercive-measures 2 Covid-19 Data Repository by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University https://www.arcgis.com/apps/dashboards/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6 3 The R value and growth rate https://www.gov.uk/guidance/the-r-value-and-growth-rate 4 Your unvaccinated friend is roughly 20 times more likely to give you COVID https://theconversation.com/your-unvaccinated-friend-is-roughly-20-times-more-likely-to-give-you-covid-170448 5 Sajid Javid leaning towards mandatory vaccination, The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/25/sajid-javid-leaning-towards-mandatory-covid-jab-nhs-staff 6 Unvaccinated care workers in Portsmouth quit https://www.hampshirelive.news/news/hampshire-news/unvaccinated-care-workers-portsmouth-quit-5930240 7 Coronavirus: Seuls 0,6% des personnels soignants ne sont pas vaccinés, affirme Olivier Véran https://www.20minutes.fr/sante/3147215-20211013-coronavirus-seuls-06-personnels-soignants-vaccines-affirme-olivier-veran


Some structures in Phase Ⅱ of the Deep Waterway Regulation Project in the Changjiang River Estuary settled about 1.6 m during a cold wave storm.In order to explore the causes resulting in the over settlement of the foundation soil,dynamic triaxial tests were made to study the weakening characteristics of the soil.The results of the dynamic triaxial tests showed that the soft soil in the Changjiang River Estuary may lose its strength tremendously under the action of dynamic loading,which may explain the over settlement of the upper structures.


X-ray diffraction patterns of soda-silica glass have been made for seven different compositions varying from O to 46% Na2O. For small soda content, the patterns show a single strong peak at sinθ/λ= 0.12; with increasing soda content this peak diminishes in intensity, while at the same time a new peak at sinθ/λ= 0.18 gradually becomes the more pronounced. There is no abrupt change in the patterns. A random network picture of the glass is developed, and upon this basis X-ray intensity curves can be calculated in good agreement with the experimental curves. Each silicon is tetra-hedrally surrounded by four oxygens. Part of the oxygens are shared between two silicons; the others are bonded to only one silicon. The double-bonded oxygens build up a continuous silicon-oxygen framework. The sodium atoms are located at random in the various holes in this framework. There is no evidence for the existence of compounds in the range of composition studied.


The purpose of the article is to concentrate on the phenomenon of small talk . It attempts to analyze the functions of small talk, the attitudes to small talk and the circumstances which either favour or impede the occurrence of small talk, such as formality, the interlocutors, the topics, etc. The study concentrates on the attitude of Polish, Greek and Spanish female students to the phenomenon of small talk. There are a number of queries in the form of a questionnaire that the informants were exposed to. Based on the informants' responses, the obtained results will determine the factors which facilitate the occurrence of small talk, the significance of small talk, the functions it serves and the attitude the informants have towards this allegedly trivial and flippant phenomenon.


We deplore or laugh at those who try to arm themselves against the apocalypse, but we arm ourselves emotionally against the onslaught of everyday life. Lasch, The Minimal Self Not long ago I was (yes, absentmindedly) standing at the checkout counter of the Yale University Coop in downtown New Haven, Connecticut. As I waited my turn to pay, I noticed that the person in front of me in line was seriously handicapped. She made her purchase, and, with some difficulty, started for the door. About to take my merchandize, the clerk (a young, black businessman in this whiter-than-white place) noticed her need, suddenly dropped his task, and ran to the door to hold it for her. A few moments later he returned, trying as best he could to regain his composure and resume his routine without drawing attention to his momentary absence. But I couldn't resist. Being who I am, I had to tell him that I thought his politeness commendable. I said something unimaginative like, "that was very kind of you...." However, before I could regain my distance, he raised his head, looked right at me and said, "You see, my younger brother was murdered by a gunman in this town, and I feel I have to do something, because I know that he is forever gone." In fact, the conversation continued well after these words, for he was noticeably taken aback by my being as ruled by my own compulsions as he clearly was by his. I have other memories of our brief encounter, but I mention what I have because the incident brought into high relief the emotive disjunction between the relatively mannered lives of all of those seriously well-educated folks in white lab coats at the nearby medical school, and this guy who, in light of his misery, had to work hard just to look good behind his counter. The incident also brought forward another disjunction-this being between an institutionalized system of shared value, on the one hand, and a personalized domain of private, homemade meaning that this local response to tragedy represented. So, am I rendering his experience exotically? You bet I am. Because no matter how much I may "feel" for him, he remains behind his counter, while I end up writing this very opinionated essay. In fact, he is moved by his experience to a domain of meaning that I would in no way wish to relive. To say that such experiences-even several of them-have brought me "closer" to New Haven street life would be hypocritical in the extreme. And to offer them up in literary form as "stories" from my "fieldwork" among the socially disenfranchised would be singularly elitist. I want no part of what he experienced, but I am moved by his optimism nonetheless. I'm not, in other words, soliciting your sympathies here any more than he did mine. I'm only asking you to acknowledge the idea that reality-the experience of the present-changes in sudden ways that can make an obsession about either the "lived worlds" of those nearby university people, or all of the theories that justify the complacency of institutional life, seem...um...trivial. This is not to denigrate directly any individual's institutional loyalty, or to be-little the human passion for routine, but merely to note that the glamorization of the everyday (disguised as it so often seems to be in a cloak of false humility) induces both an inflated sense of self-importance, and that concomitant disinterest in real difference that is myopia's favored bedfellow. To extend the argument, one might say that it is easy within a bureaucracy to feign a respect for the diversities of the everyday when the obedience of drones sustains a prevailing hierarchy within which one is richly rewarded. Such complacency, after all, accounts for the fact that most academic departments more represent priesthoods than environments conducive to intellectual exchange; for the existence of independent thought within an institution is almost always inversely proportionate in my experience to its intellectual reputation. …