A water-soluble polysaccharide(CTP) was obtained from the roots ofCudrania tricuspidata(Carr.) Bur.,by water extraction(70℃),deproteination using the enzymolysis-Sevag method,precipitation with ethanol,and fractionation through DE-AE-Sephadex A-50 and Sephadex G-75 chromatography.Monosaccharide composition,preliminary structure,and molecular weight of CTP were studied by ultraviolet(UV),infrared(IR),gas chromatography(GC),and high performance liquid chroma-tography(HPLC).CTP had characteristic UV absorption peaks,being identical with normal polysaccharides.High performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC) was used to determine the molecular weight of CTP,and the result showed that the av-erage peak molecular weight of CTP amounted to 18881.Four monosaccharides,i.e.arabinose,xylose,galactose,and glucose were detected by gas chromatography from the CTP sample.The molar ratio of the four monosaccharides was measured.


All of the time the Chinese Communist Party,represens the social development direction of the ages and the most advanced social productivity.The advanced nature of the Chinese Communist Party is fully embodied international demonstration effect of the TREE GREAT THEORETICAL SESTEMS of the Chinese Communist Party.The international demonstration effect of MAO ZE DONG thoughts sets the advancing direction for the global Proletarian Revolution and the national independence of the world;the international demonstration effect of Deng Xiaoping's theories provides a sample for underdeveloped countries to develop economic construction;and the international demonstration effect of the important thought of the "three represents" of Jiang Zeming provides glorious guidelines for the economically-underdeveloped countries to catch up with the developed countries.


Starting from element La,Fe and Sb powders,nominal LaxFe4Sb12(x=0.5,1.0,1.5) filled Skutterudite was prepared by mechanical alloying(MA),hot pressing(HP) and annealing,the effect of the La filling fraction on phase formation and thermoelectric properties of the hot pressed and the annealed samples was studied in this paper.It was found that quite a lot of Sb and FeSb2 peaks manifest in the XRD patterns of x=0.5 and x=1.0.Increasing the La addition to x=1.5,almost single phase filled skutterudite is achieved and only minute traces of Sb and FeSb2 remain in the XRD pattern.The secondary phases such as Sb and FeSb2 almost eliminated in the XRD pattern when the hot pressed La1.5Fe4Sb12 sample was annealed at 650℃ for 48h.Over the temperature range of 300-750K,the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical resistivity of the samples increase with increasing of both La addition and temperature.The thermal conductivity is greatly decreased in comparison with that of unfilled CoSb3 skutterudite.A maximum ZT of 0.51 was obtained for the annealed La1.5Fe4Sb12 sample at 750K.


There is an extensive body of literature on the bicyclic biquadratic fields. These fields provide the simplest examples of abelian noncyclic extensions of Q. In sharp contrast, there is a dearth of literature on the bicyclic bicubic extensions of the rational numbers. These fields together with the abelian noncyclic octic extensions provide the next simplest abelian noncyclic extensions. In this article, we shall study abelian bicyclic bicubic extensions of Q of degree 9. Hasse [4, v-ix] has stated as important objectives: the computation of an integral basis, the determination of class number and the calculation of fundamental units for abelian fields. In this article, we will solve the first problem completely, and show that the solution to the unit problem leads to a solution of the class number problem. Moreover, we shall give a method for determining the unit group up to a subgroup which has index 1 or 3 and so determine the class number up to a factor of 3.


According to the theory on the genetics,embryo lo gy,Traditional Chinese Medicine and human body odors,this paper puts forword an objectively visual and qualitative selecting way selecting talents methods in bo dy characteristics that is simple,convenient,easy and non-injured,and introduc es the function and application of the body characteristics of baldhead,lip red ,hair on lumbar and sacral region,raised buttocks,snore,moving auricle,underarm odour, dermatophytosis and so on,in the fields of selecting talents.


FIELD: physics; acoustics. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to suppressing noise in speech signals. The method and system are used for evaluating authentic speech values, signal of an alternative sensor, received from a sensor, which is distinct from a microphone with air conduction. During evaluation, the signal of the alternative sensor is used exclusively, or together with the signal of the microphone with air conduction. Authentic speech value is evaluated without using a model, trained on training data with noise, collected from the microphone with air conduction. In one version of implementation, correction vectors are added to the vector formed from the signal of the alternative sensor to form a filter, which is used on the signal of the microphone with air conduction for authentic evaluation of speech. In other versions the fundamental pitch of the speech signal, which is used for decomposing the signal of the microphone with air conduction, is determined from the signal of the alternative sensor. The decomposed signal is then used to determine authentic evaluation of the signal. EFFECT: provision for optimum evaluation of speech values in conditions when the signal of the alternative sensor differs from the signal of the microphone with air conduction. 15 cl, 11 dwg


For fault-controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs, the development characteristics of bottom water flooding and water and gas injection flooding under multi-well conditions must be clarified due to the structural complexity. To address this issue, we designed and manufactured fault-controlled physical experimental models based on the geological model of Tarim Oilfield and conducted flooding experiments. The results demonstrate significant variations in bottom water flooding characteristics due to differences in flow capacity within fractures, cavity area in caves, and filled area in caves under different filling modes. Different bottom water rates exhibit varying abilities to overcome gravity and breakthrough capillary resistance, significantly impacting the bottom water flooding characteristics. During the bottom water flooding period, the positioning of production wells primarily affects the macroscopic sweep range, while the filling modes significantly influence the distribution of remaining oil within individual caves. Throughout the three periods of multi-well water and gas injection, the early water injection stage mainly focuses on mobilizing "insufficiently controlled remaining oil" and some "attic remaining oil," and the middle gas injection stage primarily targets the attic remaining oil. Finally, the late water injection stage aims to lift the oil–gas–water interface and improve oil displacement efficiency. Furthermore, different water and gas flooding directions affect displacement resistance in each channel and the longitudinal sweep range. This paper identifies the direction for the life cycle production of fault-controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs and presents a mechanistic explanation.


In this study, the trace organic pollutants of drinking water in Changsha city were concentrated on XAD resins, then the concentrate was analyzed with GC/MS. It indicated that there were 38 kinds of organic pollutants in water samples, mainly chlorides, phthalate esters, alcohols, heterocyclic compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons. And trichloroethylene, naphthalene, DBP, ethylbenzene and 1,4-dimethylbenzene are listed as top pollutants of environment in China. As conventional processes of water treatment can not remove the harmful pollutants from water resources, advanced techniques of water treatment, such as active carbon adsorption, ozonation and membrane separation, are recommended to water plants for high-quality drinking water.


This paper studies the intra-cluster knowledge diffusion from the cognitive perspective. Borrowing the concept of schema from the social cognition, we proposed a cognitive community-based analytic framework. We then conducted a case study on a socks cluster in China, and an agent-based simulation to explore the dynamics of intra-cluster knowledge diffusion. The results indicate that the cluster's initial distribution of knowledge has great impact on the process of knowledge diffusion. Knowledge flows in the channel of cognitive community and the clusters with high-level low-heterogeneity knowledge distribution are more efficient in knowledge diffusion.


In the times of knowledge economy,human capital has fundamental significance to the development of society and economy. So the property rights is a key to promote formation and effective utilization of human capital in China.


The carbon dioxide concentration of sealed wheat bulk experimentally infected with Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) at densities of 0,2,5,10 and 20 adults per kilogram of grain was monitored at 25℃ and 12% moisture content over a period of 180 days.The carbon dioxide concentration of wheat without insects changed from 0.048% to 1.157%.The carbon dioxide concentration of grain infected with two insects changed from 0.048% to 9.910%.The carbon dioxide concentration generally went up with increasing insect density but not in a linear fashion.In fact,the relationship between carbon dioxide and time for the same density of the insects was an "S" shaped curve.The results indicate that change in carbon dioxide concentration was directly related to the number of insects and time.Monitoring carbon dioxide could be a way of monitoring insect abundance in stored grain.


someone thanked you for extending an act of kindness, instead of saying "You're welcome," the customary reply was "Pass it on." Passing on shared values, beliefs, and traditions is how the soul of our community is revealed, remembered, and respected. Through folk art, stories told visually and verbally using quilting, needlepoint, painting, basket weaving, carving, sculpting, singing, storytelling, cooking, and games, reveal what we treasure.


Rice is one of the main foods in Indonesia. A change of rice price will cause a major effect in the lives of consumers. On the other hand, there are so many factors that influence the rice price. Thus finding key factors which are significant to the rice price, as well as forecasting the consumer's rice price are needed in order to maintain the stabilization of rice price. The second objective is to find key factors which influence the rice price by using multiple linear regression models. The parameters were estimated by ordinary least square methods. There are 6 variables that are significant at α=5%, which are the consumer's rice price at the previous period, rice production at the current and previous period, farmer's GKP price, realization of domestic stock, and total rice import. The rice price will increase if the GKP price and realization of domestic stock increase whereas total rice import and the consumer's rice price at the previous period have negative influences towards the rice price. In this model rice production at the current and previous period have positive signs, contradictory to the microeconomic theory where when the rice production increases, there will be an excess supply and the price will drop. That condition will occur only if the commodity is a free commodity and the rice is at the sufficiency level but in Indonesia, rice is affected by the government's policy and the rice productivity is left behind by the demand. Forecasting the consumer's rice price for the next five years was the last objective of this research. ARIMA Box–Jenkins Method, X-12 ARIMA, Winter's Method, and Trend Analysis were compared to find the best statistical model to forecast the consumer's rice price. X-12 ARIMA turns out to be the best method because it has the smallest MAPE, MAD, and MSD value. This result is a satisfactory because according to Findley et al. (1998) X-12 ARIMA has the capability to adjust seasonal and trading day factors which usually causes fluctuations in an economic time series data. Besides that, the X-12 ARIMA method also enhances the lack of other forecasting techniques used in this research to add regression effects. The regARIMA makes it possible to add the user defined parameters, in this case the length of month parameter. The length of month parameter rescales the monthly observation by a weight corresponding to the month relative length with respect to the average length. The seasonal adjusted data from the original time series data is aimed to simplify the data without loosing important information.


Despite being a manufacturing technique that consumes energy and material, machining is often regarded as an important process due to the fact that it is flexible and is able to produce economic parts. However, to gain more cost-saving and enhanced environmental performance, sustainability principles have to be incorporated into machining technologies. This paper presents a case study that applies both crisp and fuzzy axiomatic design approach to construct a hybrid model with the purpose of facilitating the selection of sustainable manufacturing process. By converting numerical terms and linguistic factors into quantifiable score (in the form of information content), the proposed approach is able to produce indicative results and is capable of identifying the most sustainable process among three alternatives. Potentially, such information can be helpful for product development companies which strive to achieve sustainable product realization.


As the tenth anniversary of the World Trade Organization's (WTO) dispute resolution system was on January 1, 2005, it is truly amazing to review its historical emergence as the central pillar of the global trading system and as the WTO's most important contribution to the multilateral trading system. Renato Ruggiero, the former Director-General of the WTO, made this assessment in 1997.1 Then his statement was premature, but now it is fully born out.


Justa few remarkson syphilis: I wrote in The MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA in March last about the malarial treatmentof cerebo-spinalsyphilis. More and more attention is being directed to clinical evidenceof syphilis rather than dependence on the results of the Wassermanntest. In every clinic I attended,the honorary has invariably impressedon studentsthe necessityof early diagnosis beforethe result of the Wassermanntest is positive and before the developmentof secondariesand has laid emphasison the certain cure of syphilis by "Arseno-benzol"preparationsat that stage. This point must alwaysbe emphasized. I saw an instancesix days ago in which a medical practicioner had been attending a man for the last six weekswith a typical hardsoreandhadallowed that man to marry sevendaysbefore I saw him. There is now a typical secondaryrash and the result of the Wassermanntest is positive. In Vienna every known "Arseno-benzol"preparation is testedat the Finger Clinic. Kyrle states that the German"Salvarsan"and "Neo-salvarsan" are superiorto any others. Harrison is using the Boots' preparation"Stabilarsan" while the Americans use' "Arsphenamine" and the French "Novarseno-billon"and "Luargol." At the General Venereal Disease Hospital in Rome "Neo-salvarsan"was the favourite preparation. Nowhere on the Continent did I see bismuth being used in preferenceto "Arseno-benzol" preparations. While in Berlin the insurance companieswho give treatmentundera health insurance scheme, wereendeavouringto induce their physicians to give bismuthin preferenceto "914," but the professionopposedthe idea. The number of bismuth drugs is about two hundred and is being added to almost daily. "Trepol" and "Neo-trepol" are the favourites in France, but as antimony, mercury and quinine with their colloids are being addedto the salts of bismuthand the suspensionsare being made in oil or water, each bismuth preparationis apparently being supersededalmost as soon asit iii marketed. In Vienna we were using "Bismojenol," an oily suspension. However,Harrisonalso will not admit that bismuth is superior to "Arseno-benzol" and placesthe therapeuticefficiency of "Arseno-benzol" preparationsin comparison to the bismuth and mercuryas ten to "Arseno-benzol,"seven tobismuth andfour to mercury. • SOME SINS AND SORROWSOF THE ABDOMEN.


The problem of immunity to disease in plants is now receiving a large amount of attention from plant-pathologists. It has long been known that different varieties of the same species of plant may differ in their susceptibility to the attacks of fungi and possibly other parasites, but even now practically nothing is known of the factors which determine whether a plant will prove immune to a disease or not. The following paper is a record of investigations which it was hoped would contribute something towards the solution of this problem, or which might at least suggest lines of further research on this subject.


Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is often used as a replacement or partial replacement of virgin aggregate. Commonly RCA is used in road foundations (base course), embankments, hot-mix asphalt, or Portland cement concrete. However the use of RCA in drainage systems, such as French drains, is currently prohibited in the state for Florida. The primary concerns with using RCA as a drainage media are the fines content and the precipitation of calcium carbonate to cause a reducing in filter fabric permittivity. Not much research has been conducted as it relates to using RCA as a drainage material; this limited information inhibits its use in French drains. This paper describes the investigation of permeability of RCA as a No. 4 aggregate gradation and base course gradation. The effect of excess fines (passing the No. 200 sieve) and the precipitation potential of calcium carbonate have also been studied.


We study systematically the kaon pseudorapidity distribution in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at AGS and SPS energies within the cylinder model. The calculated results are compared and shown to be in agreement with the available experimental data.


Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains the leading cause of death in the industrialised world and is ever increasing in developing populations. This study assesses the safety and effectiveness of atorvastatin 40 mg in meeting new targets for lipids in patients presenting to the coronary care unit with ACS. A group of 79 consecutive patients admitted with ACS were initiated on or changed to atorvastatin 40 mg during admission. The reduction in total cholesteron (TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and incidence of any adverse effects were assessed at one week, one month and three months after hospitalisation. At baseline only 13% and 23% of patients had their TC and LDL-C respectively within Joint British Societies 2 (JBS2) national institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) targets for patients with cardiovascular disease. After 1 mon th of atorvastatin therapy these values had increased to 77% and 70% respectively with an absolute reduction in TC and LDL-C of 30%. At baseline 47% and 50% of patients had TC and LDL-C within National Service framework (NSF) targets at baseline, however, 1 week after atorvastatin therapy the proportion of patients achieving NSF targets increased to 88% and 84% for TC and LDL-C respectively. These data suggest that early and intensive reduction of lipids with atorvastatin 40 mg for ACS patients in hospital is a safe and effective strategy to meet recommended targets for lipids. Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis 2008; 8: 286 ‐290


A profile of atmospheric density, pressure, and temperature for the region from 88 to 128 km above Eglin Test Range, Florida, was obtained from drag acceleration measurements. In the test, an inflatable sphere 1 meter in diameter was separated near peak altitude of the rocket flight. The accelerometer, the inflation system, and the necessary electronics to telemeter the information to the ground formed a properly balanced rigid strut across the poles of the sphere. The accelerometer was a tri-axis type and measured directly and continuously the X, Y, and Z components of acceleration of the sphere from which total drag was obtained. The accuracy of the measured accelerations is better than 2% at the lower end, is better than 5% at 115 km, and is better than 10% at 128 km. The agreement between the test data and the U.S. supplementary atmosphere, 1965, from 97 to 120 km (where the supplemental ends) is excellent. Above 120 km, a pronounced turnaround is noted with the measured density tending back to the standard atmosphere value.


The business discipline of strategy was born at Harvard Business School in the America of the 1970s, an era of disorienting economic fluctuations and sometimes naked vulnerability that was punctuated by disturbing events like the OPEC oil embargoes and the Iran hostage crisis. By the end of the decade, strategy claimed the imaginations of business executives and relegated its predecessor, marketing, to a distant second place. Marketing, whose focus was serving customer needs to grow demand, was neither tough enough nor quick enough to deal with the sudden appearance of economic and cultural monsters invading American life.


T he era of " Internet everywhere " is creating a spectrum of applications targeted toward low-power and mixed-signal design, in segments ranging from health care to automotive to communications. Meanwhile, design challenges such as intellectual-property selection and integration as well as SOC-and system-level verification are spawning a whole new class of problems for EDA tools. Mixed-signal design engineers face increasing difficulties in design and verification of complex mixed-signal SOCs. In a survey of mixed-signal design engineers during the 2011 Mixed-Signal Tech on Tour, a worldwide series presented by Cadence Design Systems Inc, the 561 respondents identified mixed-signal verification as a top customer challenge. Bringing analog and mixed-signal Blocks to a higher aBstraction level yields more effective mixed-signal simulation and more complete verification environments.


The paper describes a study which investigates the extent to which multimedia developers apply formal design approaches when creating educational multimedia titles. For the purpose of this study a formalised design approach is defined as one which is documented and repeatable. The findings of this study suggest extreme diversity in the approaches used to design educational multimedia, and a low level of use of any formal methodologies. This can be attributed to a general lack of understanding of formalised design approaches and a reluctance among developers to create design methodologies due to the resource investment required and a concern that use of methodologies could inhibit creativity.


Chapter 3 examines the long history of baseball films in Japan, a tradition nearly as old as the history of Japanese cinema itself. After a brief survey of the early history of cinema in Japan, a tradition whose history parallels that of the game of baseball chronologically, the study focuses on early shomingeki films and explores how baseball became an important marker of domesticity and middle class respectability in this genre of film in the 1930s. The chapter then examines several pivotal films in the postwar era, examining how baseball was used alternately to perpetuate a national hero in Suzuki Hideo's Immortal Pitcher (1955) or to chart the corruption and greed surrounding professional baseball as in Kobayashi Masaki's I Will Buy You (1956). In the 1960s and 1970s, as young filmmakers arose to challenge the dominance of the great postwar filmmakers and to produce often avant-garde and politically charged films that reflected an international challenge to the hegemony of Hollywood films, the baseball film was again adopted as a means to offer that challenge. Ōshima Nagisa's Ceremonies, in a film that contests the very concept of the baseball film, uses baseball as a metaphor for the Japan's abandonment of its citizens during the war. The recent splatter comedy baseball films of Yamaguchi Yūdai likewise play with the familiar tropes of Japanese baseball and of the baseball hero as antihero in problematizing the very concept of the baseball film.


A major challenge in pre-natal healthcare delivery is the lack of devices and clin1 icians in several areas of the developing world. While the advent of portable 2 ultrasound machines and more recently, handheld probes, have brought down the 3 capital costs, the shortage of trained manpower is a serious impediment towards 4 ensuring the mitigation of maternal and infant mortality. Diagnosis of pre-natal 5 ultrasound towards several key pre-natal health indicators can be modelled as an im6 age analysis problem amenable to present day state-of-the art deep learning based 7 image and video understanding pipelines. However, deep learning based analysis 8 typically involves memory intensive models and the requirement of significant 9 computational resources, which is a challenging prospect in point-of-care health10 care applications. With the advent of portable ultrasound systems, it is increasingly 11 possible to expand the reach of automated prenatal health diagnosis. To accomplish 12 that, there is a need for lightweight architectures that can perform image analysis 13 tasks without a large memory or computational footprint. We propose a lightweight 14 convolutional architecture for assessment of ultrasound videos, suitable for those 15 acquired using mobile probes or converted from a DICOM standard from portable 16 machines. As exemplar of approach, we validated our pipeline for fetal heart 17 assessment (a first step towards identification of congenital heart defects) inclusive 18 of viewing plane identification and visibility prediction in fetal echocardiography. 19 This was attempted by models using optimised kernel windows and the construction 20 of image representations using salient features from multiple scales with relative 21 feature importance gauged at each of these scales using weighted attention maps 22 for different stages of the convolutional operations. Such a representation is found 23 to improve model performances at significant economization of model size, and 24 has been validated on real-world clinical videos. 25


Abstract Roads and other infrastructure in Western Alaska are difficult to design and build owing to the high cost of construction materials and the ice-rich permafrost foundation. The present stud...


This paper gives a complete description of ultrametric spaces up to uniform equivalence. It also describes all metric spaces which can be mapped onto ultrametric spaces by a non-expanding one-to-one map. Moreover, it describes particular classes of spaces, for which such a map has a continuous (uniformly continuous) inverse map. This gives a complete solution for the Hausdorff-Bayod Problem (what metric spaces admit a subdominant ultrametric?) as well as for two other problems posed by Bayod and Martinez-Maurica in 1990. Further, we prove that for any metric space (X,d), there exists the greatest non-expanding ultrametric image of X (an ultrametrization of X), i.e., the category of ultrametric spaces and non-expanding maps is a reflective subcategory in the category of all metric spaces and the same maps. In Section II, for any cardinal r, we define a complete ultrametric space L τ of weight τ such that any metric space X of weight r is an image of a subset L(X) of L τ under a non-expanding, open, and compact map with totally-bounded pre-irnages of compact subsets. This strengthens Hausdorff-Morita, Morita-de Groot and Nagami theorems. We also construct an ultrametric space L(τ), which is a universal pre-image of all metric spaces of weight τ under non-expanding open maps. We define a functor A from the category of ultrametric spaces to a category of Boolean algebras such that algebras A(X) and A(Y) are isomorphic iff the completions of spaces X and Y are uniformly homeomorphic. Some properties of the functor A and the ultrametrization functor are discussed.


Measurements invariably determine the physical state of a given ``observed system'' with respect to an ``observer system.'' This implies an inescapable two-body relationality upon which physical theories must rely. There has been a growing effort to understand how quantum mechanics can accommodate the notion of reference frame in its substratum and whether such approach would respect general covariance. With regard to quantum resources, it has been shown that coherence and entanglement are not invariant upon changes of quantum reference frames. Here, we construct a theoretical framework within which a given combination of quantum resources, including not only coherence and entanglement, is shown to be a physical invariant. Under the premise of the universality of quantum phenomena, the proven covariance between quantum reference frames then implies that the total quantumness accessible to any observer in the universe is absolute.


T his study aims to analyze the simultaneous and partial effects of internal and external factors on stock prices at non-financial companies LQ 45 in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Period 2010-2016. This research uses associative design with quantitative approach with regression panel data analysis method. The result of research partially ROE and EPS influence to stock price, while other variables (EVA, Inflation and BI Rate) do not have an effect on stock price. Simultaneously or together, the EVA, ROE, EPS, Inflation and BI Rate variables affect the stock price.


This report summarises the activities undertaken during the 2013–14 year for the long term pavement performance (LTPP) monitoring project. Austroads project AT1064 Long-Term Performance Monitoring to Develop Consistent Performance Models has monitored a range of in-service pavement sites since 1995. In 1999 additional sites, known as the long-term pavement performance maintenance (LTPPM) sites, were set up as part of the study to focus on the effects of maintenance on pavement performance. The report includes a summary of the LTPP/LTPPM pavement condition survey results, a brief summary of the development of probabilistic road deterioration modelling using a stochastic information packet, and proposed work plan for 2014-15.


Remediating soil contaminated with heavy metals using macrofungi is a novel approach in studying environmental remediation.The key issue in bring this approach into large-scale practical application lies in the success of screening out a series of ideal hyperaccumulators of heavy metals. Plate cultivation was adopted to evaluate the mycelial growth tolerance and the accumulation characteristics to heavy metals Cr,Pb and Mn respectively in two species of macrofungi,Pleurotus pulmonarius and Panus giganteus,in terms of colony diameter,mycelial dry weight and heavy metal content in mycelia.The results showed that the Cr tolerance in the two species were similar.The diameter of the colonies and the dry weight of the mycelia in the two species showed an initial increase with the increase in Cr concentration in the substrate in a small range of low Cr concentrations,but followed by a steady decrease when the Cr concentration was progressively increased.The threshold Cr concentration for 50% growth inhibition was 200 mg/L for both species.The maximal tolerant concentrations(MTC) of Cr for them were all 500 mg/L.P.pulmonarius was very sensitive to Pb and the mycelial growth could be significantly inhibited,with the 50% growth inhibition appearing at a Pb concentration of 100 mg/L(P0.01).In contrast,P.giganteus showed a very high tolerance to Pb,being able to grow normally in substrate containing Pb of up to 500 mg/L in concentration.In terms of colony diameter and mycelial dry weight,no significant difference(P0.05) was seen between the group treated with 500 mg/L Pb and the control group,with the 50% growth inhibition occurring at a Pb concentration of 700 mg/L.The Pb MTCs were 1000 mg/L and 2000 mg/L for P.pulmonarius and P.giganteus,respectively.It is therefore concluded that P.giganteus has a higher tolerance to Pb than P.pulmonarius.Mn showed increasing inhibition effects on the growth of P.giganteus with increasing Mn concentrations,and the 50% growth reduction was observed at a Mn concentration of 1000 mg/L in the growth substrate.The MTC of P.giganteus for Mn was 6000 mg/L.P.pulmonarius exhibited a lower tolerance to Mn.Cr and Pb were not able to be hyperaccumulated by P.pulmonarius,while Cr and Mn were not able to be hyperaccumulated by P.giganteus.On the other hand,P.giganteus could hyperaccumulate Pb up to 1125.56 mg/kg(dry weight) in its mycelia,having approached the level of hyperaccumulation. Some wild macrofungi bioaccumulating heavy metals effectively could not be artificially cultivated,which limited their application in environmental remediation.So the potential application of artificial or semi-artificial cultivating macrofungi for environmental remediation was suggested.If large-scale screening of macofungi for heavy metal hyperaccumulator through normal cultivation is conducted for that application,the workload will be too heavy,time consuming and low yielding.On the contrary,plate cultivation can reduce most of the workload,for the method is simple and rapid in detecting the mycelial growth tolerance and accumulation characteristics to heavy metals,making the screening of macrofungi with hyperaccumulation ability to heavy metals more effective,thus paved the way for potential large-scale application.Our results that P.giganteus selected via plate cultivation could survive Pb concentrations up to 500 mg/L and could hyperaccumulate Pb up to 1125.56 mg/kg in its mycelia have verified this point.


The chairs of four arts education professional organizations—Jane Bonbright of the National Dance Education Organization, Michael Butera of the National Association for Music Education, Lynne Kingsley of the American Alliance for Theatre and Education, and Deborah Reeve of the National Art Education Association—were individually interviewed for their insights into the inclusion of media arts in K–12 arts classrooms. Guiding questions asked, "What is media arts? What are some examples of media arts in arts education? Are media arts affecting enrollment in the arts? What new branches of the arts have been made possible because of advancements in media arts? What will media's influence on the arts be in the next ten years? How will this shift in each arts discipline's paradigm be successfully achieved?" and lastly, "Do you personally feel that media is helping arts education?"


W hen considering potential reimbursement of a new treatment, health technology assessment (HTA) bodies worldwide need to evaluate how the product's clinical effects compare with already available treatment options for the indication in question. One obvious source of such evidence is the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted to obtain regulatory approval since these will have explored whether the new product offers superiority, equivalence, or non-inferiority compared to a standard of care or placebo. However, these studies alone are unlikely to provide enough information, given that it is usually impractical to compare the new treatment with all the available active comparators in RCTs, particularly where there is a rapidly changing treatment landscape populated by multiple competitor interventions. Consequently, it is common for there to be an absence of any direct comparisons between a new treatment and one or more relevant comparators. For this reason, indirect treatment comparison (ITC) is a standard approach manufacturers rely on for their HTA reimbursement submissions. Of various approaches for comparing treatments indirectly, two are most commonly used in the HTA setting: an adjusted indirect treatment comparison method first proposed by Bucher et al.1 and the mixed treatment comparison (MTC) of interventions combining direct and indirect evidence within a Bayesian framework proposed by Lu and Ades.2 There have been several extensions to the Bayesian NMA (network meta-analysis) methods proposed by Lu and others, especially around evaluating consistency between the direct and indirect evidence.3-4 Here we consider the Bucher ITC and Bayesian NMA techniques, some common misconceptions surrounding their use, and how they are regarded by various HTA bodies worldwide.


Maximum use of technology in education, such as the Google site for painting materials, is operated using computers, laptops, and smartphones with an internet network. Currently, the online learning media owned are still inadequate, especially painting material, learning is less interesting and monotonous. So Google sites were created for students to use at school and in learning anywhere. The purpose of this development is to produce learning designs in the form of teaching materials for online learning using Google Sites. This study uses the development method of Dick and Carey (1990) with several adjustments. The trials were carried out at SMPN 2 Lamongan, including individual trials, small group trials, field trials, and trials to teachers of arts and culture subjects. The teaching materials are verified by content experts, media experts, and design experts. products are verified by content specialists, media specialists, and design specialists. Content expert validation 90.4%, media expert validation 87.5%, and design specialist verification 94.6%. the question of the use of google sites teaching materials for painting teaching materials to students reached 90.5% so that google sites teaching materials for painting teaching materials were suitable for use in school learning and independent learning


Irradiated LWR fuel has been inspected with the Brown Boveri ultrasonic system, the failed fuel rod detection system, in 57 separate campaigns worldwide. Over 800 000 individual fuel rods have been inspected for through-wall defects, with {approx}75% of these inspections performed in the United States and the balance in Europe and Asia. As a result of these inspections, Brown Boveri has developed an extensive data base on fuel failure rates. In addition, US utilities have provided information on primary coolant radioactivity levels, in response to a Brown Boveri questionnaire. The purpose of this paper is to show benefits of inspecting fuel based on the results of analyses of this data base and changes in coolant activity levels due to identification and removal of failed fuel.


Humpback whale song is a complex and highly stereotyped acoustic display believed to be associated with breeding activities. The song has primarily been recorded from male whales on the low‐latitude breeding grounds, though singing has also been documented on some feeding grounds during late fall and early spring using stationary passive acoustic recorders. Here, the song was documented with animal‐bourne tags in a relatively unstudied population of humpback whales along the Western Antarctic Peninsula feeding ground during late fall (May and June). DTAGs were attached for 24‐h periods to six whales in 2009 and eight whales in 2010 to record sound production and body orientation. Song chorusing has been present on all tag acoustic records analyzed to date, and multiple whales tagged in 2010 were actively singing. Song bouts in the 2010 records were generally less than one dive cycle in duration and were often surrounded by periods of social sound production. This is the first description of humpback whale...


IntroductionIn aprevious studywith patch pipette techniques weprovided evidence in isolated cells of the rabbitportal vein that noradrenaline produces an increasein membrane conductance to chloride ions and tocations (Byrne &Large, 1988b). There appeared tobe a curious interaction between these two separateconductance mechanisms. When sodium chloride


This articale is the third part of a serial observation on the ultrestructure of the musculature of body wall, head organ, venlral sucker and tail of developing cercaria of Schistosomu japonicum by TEM. It is revealed for the first lime that: (1) The muscle tissue of the body wall can be seen in S2. Many fibrous cytoplasmic patches are irregular in shape and are arranged in 1 or 2 layers underneath the primitive basal lamina. These cytoplasmic patches really are formed by cyloplasmic processes extending from muscle cells in S2. This phenomenon becomes more evident in S3. A typical body wall musculature with outer circular and inner longitudinal muscles developed in S4 and S5. (2) An additional interstitial layer is present in S3 and S4, and together with the initial interstitial layer forming 5 layers of musculature which compose at least in antero-lateral part of the head organ in S5. The significance of the complexity and its physiological function was proposed. (3) The primitive muscle cells of ventral sucker differentiate in S3 and form a strong and well developed ventral sucker in S5. (4) A different musculature pattern and its orientation of myofilaments of the tail stem in S5, and characteristic structure of the forca was described. The new findings of the ultrastrasture may be help us to understand the mechanism of swimming cercaria and the activity of penetration into the final host.


Abstract:We have been asked to engage in a conversation about the current role of ideology—as critique, as rhetoric, as a framework within which academics operate. Our approach will not seek to write the history of rhetorical critique from an ideological perspective, nor work from extant literature as one might in a traditional research essay. Still, we reference ideas emanating from that literature; instead of the normal "source citation in text," we will list references at the end. Our ideas do not exist in a vacuum—they are stimulated by our own reading/writing in the area of ideology critique—from the original "ideological turn" to the present day. Hence it seems appropriate to acknowledge where ideas, especially about missing elements or future trajectories in research, come from. This conversation touches on the Cold War afterlife of the public as an ideological force, whiteness's role in gatekeeping the field, and how political liberalism and those interpellated by it constrain the field's future(s).


Based on the construction experience of Cuiping Road in Shijiazhuang,crucial construction technology of well point under the conditions of high water level and shallow cover was deeply analysed from aspects of buried depth,point numbers and the determination of jacking force.The construction process was optimized.The technical measures for ensuring construction quality were put forward,and technical problems in jacking progress were solved.


Background: Universal Immunization Programme was launched by Government of India in 1985 with the aim of immunizing all children and pregnant women across the country free of cost. However high vaccine wastage and lack of proper vaccine management could not meet the demand and increased the cost.Methods: A descriptive record based study was conducted in the immunization clinic of KPC Medical College and Hospital. Vaccination records of all children and pregnant women attending clinic from 1st July 2018 to 30th June 2019 was retrieved from the immunization registers.Results: Wastage rate was found to be highest for bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine vaccine (68.9%) and lowest for oral polio vaccine (27.7%). Wastage rate was higher for 10 dose vial vaccine compared to 5 dose vial and 20 dose vial vaccine and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.00001).The wastage rate was higher for lyophilized vaccine compared to liquid vaccine and for injectable vaccine compared to oral vaccine. These differences were also statistically significant (p<0.00001).Conclusions: Thus regular monitoring of immunization sessions should be done to estimate the vaccine wastage in each session. Reducing wastage is expected to increase the quality and efficiency of the programme and also reduce the cost without compromising the coverage.


I am a Mental Health Acute Care Support Specialty Education Nurse specific to the ED. A component of my role is to assess patients who either self-present or are conveyed by other means with a mental health concern and to link them into mental health services (where appropriate) or signpost people to various nongovernment organisations. I am also a part of the LGBTQIA+ community which fosters my ability to truly empathise with our community when they present. Wellington is regarded as a safer city in comparison to other areas of the country and hence attracts a higher than average percentage of LGBTQIA+ people. We must, as an ED, acknowledge that a growing number of our patients identify as LGBTQIA+ and that they as individuals and a community face a number of specific challenges and inequalities. Evidence indicates that people from the LGBTQIA+ community are at greater risk of suicide or non-suicidal self-injury. Youth LGBTQIA+, in particular, are four times more likely to self-harm and twice as likely to contemplate suicide. Specifically, during lockdowns, young people are often cut-off from their usual support networks which may not be met by whanau. The bisexual community is at a higher risk again with self-injurious or suicidal behaviour; this is because of some bisexual people not feeling connected with a particular sub-group within the community. We are also aware that our intersex community in both Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand have potentially received childhood medical interventions that have since been deemed unnecessary, leading to trauma similar to a person who has experienced some form of physical or sexual abuse. In my experience, often, the underlying reason for mental health presentations to ED among LGBTQIA+ people is issues associated with their sexuality or gender. In Wellington ED, if a patient does not self-present and is brought into the department by other means, that is, ambulance or police, they are assessed by a doctor prior to referral to me. On most occasions, the patients' sexuality and/or gender needs have not been explored. A non-judgemental and non-heterosexist attitude, the use of nonbiased and inclusive language towards our patients, will assist with the disclosure of any sexual identity and/or gender needs. Introducing oneself with their pronoun (when the assessing clinician believes this is appropriate) can have a profound impact on the patient. Towards the end of my assessment, I have informally requested feedback regarding my introduction and a large proportion of LGBTQIA+ mental health patients reported this reduced their level of vulnerability and promoted a safe environment. I have discovered this approach also enriches my assessment as often patients feel more comfortable disclosing their concerns being in the knowledge they feel the assessing clinician is providing a 'safe space'. When enquiring about sexuality or gender, I will ask 'only if you feel comfortable, do we need to be made aware of any sexuality or gender needs?' and also reinforcing the fact that unless there are imminent risks, I am bound by confidentiality. When someone is distressed, their ability to concentrate and attend is often reduced. For this reason, initially asking succinct and closed questioning can be a more effective approach. I will also reassure the patient by explaining they are not obliged to share sensitive personal information with me. However, I also provide them with a piece of paper as an alternative form of communication to write their needs. Again acknowledging this pertinent area of a patient's life will help to improve outcomes. If appropriate and with the patient's permission, I will ask the support person to be present when asking the above question as this helps to alleviate the patient's vulnerability. Selfdisclosure can also have a positive impact when assessing our community; I have often disclosed my own sexuality and (again following feedback) a high proportion of LGBTQIA+ patients have found this helps to instil a fostering, safe environment. Currently, standard nurse triage for people who self-present does not address gender or sexual identity needs. It is imperative to provide a confidential, safe environment during the triage process and onwards. It is Correspondence: Mr Gavin Jude Donnell, Emergency Department, Wellington Regional Hospital, 49 Riddiford Street, Newtown, Wellington 6021, New Zealand. Email: email@example.com


The existing problems of imported asphalt mixing plant dust collector are analyzed, the measurements of modification are presented, the technology process and dust collector diagram, several problems for attention are given. According to the practical application, the modified dust collector are proved that it has better effect.


Auctions. A widespread methodology for the allocation of resources: auctions. Collusion. What does bid rigging mean? Forms of bid rigging. Forms to execute collusive bid rigging schemes. Structural factors affecting collusion. Tendering design. Dynamic auction and sealed-bid tendering. Measures to fight againts bid rigging. The Italian public procurement market.


In accordanse with the existing problems on the high aigebraic course and teaching in higher teachers mathematic education have been discussed and the idea of reform henceforth put forward.


Graphene has been widely used to construct low-resistance van der Waals (vdW) contacts to other two-dimensional (2D) materials. However, a rise of electron temperature of the graphene under a current flow has not been seriously considered in many applications. Owing to its small electronic heat capacity and electron-phonon coupling, electron temperature of the graphene can be increased easily by the application of current. The heat generated within the graphene is transferred to the contacted 2D materials through the vdW interface and potentially influences their properties. Here, we compare the superconducting critical currents of an NbSe2 flake for two different methods of current application: with a Au/Ti electrode fabricated by thermal evaporation and with a graphene electrode contacted to the NbSe2 flake through a vdW interface. The influence of the heat transfer from the graphene to NbSe2 is detected through the change of the superconductivity of NbSe2. We found that the critical current of NbSe2 significantly reduces when the current is applied with the graphene electrode compared to that from the conventional Au/Ti electrode. Further, since the electron heating in graphene exhibits ambipolar back-gate modulation, we demonstrate the electric field modulation of the critical current in NbSe2 when the current is applied with graphene electrode. These results are attributed to the significant heat transfer from the graphene electrode to NbSe2 through vdW interface.


Accurate and fast object recognition is crucial in applications such as automatic driving and unmanned aerial vehicles. Traditional object recognition methods relying on image-wise computations cannot afford such real-time applications. Object proposal methods appear to fit into this scenario by segmenting object-like regions to be further analyzed by sophisticated recognition models. Traditional object proposal methods have the drawback of generating many proposals in order to maintain a satisfactory recall of true objects. This paper presents two proposal refinement strategies based on low-level cues and context-dependent features, respectively. The low-level cues are used to enhance the edge image, while the context-dependent features are verified to rule out false objects that are irrelevant to our application. In particular, the context of the drink commodity is considered because the drink commodity has the largest sales in Taiwan's convenience store chains, and the analysis of its context has great value in marketing and management. We further developed a support vector machine (SVM) based on the Bag of Words (BoW) model with scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) descriptors to recognize the proposals. The experimental results show that our object proposal method generates many fewer proposals than those generated by Selective Search and EdgeBoxes, with similar recall. For the performance of SVM, at least 82% of drink objects are correctly recognized for test datasets of various challenging difficulties.


Abstract Scholars have long tried to understand the conditions under which actors choose to use violent versus non-violent means to settle disputes, and many argue that violence is more likely in weakly-institutionalized settings. Yet, there is little evidence showing that increases in state capacity lowers the use of violent informal institutions to resolve disputes. Utilizing a novel dataset of violence—specifically, duels—across American states in the 19th century, we use the spread of federal post offices as an identification strategy to investigate the importance of state capacity for the incidence of violent dispute resolution. We find that post office density is a strong, consistent, and negative predictor of dueling behavior. Our evidence contributes to a burgeoning literature on the importance of state capacity for development outcomes.


Separation of time scales is used in a high cycle accumulation (HCA) model for sand. An important difficulty of the model is the limited applicability of the Miner's rule to multiaxial cyclic loadings applied simultaneously or in a combination with monotonic loading. Another problem is the lack of simplified objective HCA formulas for geotechnical settlement problems. Possible solutions of these problems are discussed.


The supervision of water systems in many countries is centralised and taken over from local water management collectives of 'water workers' by governmental or other water management institutions. Communities are literally and figuratively cut-off from 'their' water systems, due to the increase of urbanisation and industrialisation. On account of water management, humankind changed from communities of actively engaged water workers into passive users. In so doing, crucial knowledge about how communities created, maintained, and expanded 'living water systems', such as rice terraces, low-pasture systems, polders, floating-gardens, brooks-mill, and tidal systems, is rapidly diminishing. Revealing stories (oral accounts) of water workers generate insights and understanding of forgotten aspects of the landscape. They hold information on how to engage with water in a more holistic way, strategies that might help in facing today's challenges. The world in general, but planners, spatial designers, and water managers working with water, in particular, have so far taken little account of these stories. Without documenting stories that are about the dynamic interaction between people and landscape, valuable knowledge has disappeared and continues to do so. To help to overcome this knowledge gap, to learn from the past, the Visual Water Biography (VWB) is developed. The novel method is based on the Delft layer approach in which the spatial relationship of a design and its topography is studied, and developed by many authors from the faculty of landscape architecture at TU Delft in combination with the landscape biography approach. The Visual Water Biography visualises and maps: 1) knowledge and 2) engagement of water workers by focusing on 3) circular and 4) cyclical processes that are descended in the landscape. The method developed for spatial planners, researchers, and designers explicitly allows for multi-disciplinary engagement with water workers, water professionals, people from other disciplines such as historians and ecologists, and the general public. The added value of the VWB method is shown by the case of the Dutch Sprengen and Brooks system, a water system that is well documented in terms of landscape biography but less understood as a living water system.


Abstract The recent advances in information technology now allow millions of people to trade and invest in an array of financial assets with the help of online brokerage platforms. This allows retail investors to have more control over their own financial well-being, arguably a positive development. Nevertheless, trading and investing with real money comes with serious risks, especially for vulnerable people. The current UK framework for the regulation of online trading in financial assets overlooks vulnerable groups, such as children, disabled adults, and vulnerable women. By drawing a parallel between online gambling and online trading, the negative effects of online trading can be minimised. The UK regulatory and policy framework surrounding online gambling could provide valuable solutions to tackle the existing lacunae in the protection of vulnerable groups in the online trading environment.


T cells, graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia: innovative approaches for blood and marrow transplantation, R. Champlin et al Combined use of growth factors to stimulate the proliferation of hematopoitic progenitor cells after autologous bone marrow transplantation for lymphoma patients, R.M. Lemoli et al Density separation and cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood cells: evaluation of recovery in short- and long-term cultures, C. Almici et al Peripheral blood precursor cell transplants across a major histocompatibility barrier in rabbits: positive effects of a higher number of precursor cells? A. Gratwohl et al Molecular findings and classification of malignant lymphomas, S.A. Pileri et al Role of anthracyclines in the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia, R. Bassan et al AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: molecular genetics, viral infection and cytokine deregulation, G. Gaidano et al Anti-HIV viral interference induced by retroviral vectors expressing a nonproducer HIV-1 variant, M. Federico et al Simulation of hematopoiesis: implications for the gene therapy of lysosomal enzyme disorders, J.L. Abkowitz et al Expression and signal transduction of the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor, O. Rosnet et al JAK2 is constitutively associated with c-Kit and is phosphorylated in response to stem cell factor, D. Linnekin et al Erythroid-specific activation of the distal (testis) promoter of GAT1 during differentiation of purified normal murine hematopoietic stem cells, A.R. Migliaccio et al Proto-oncogene products Vav and c-cB1 are involved in the signal transduction through Grb2/Ash in hematopoietic cells, Y. Hanazono et al Adhesion of human hematopoietic progenitor cells to bone-marrow-derived stromal cells is enhanced by antibodies to CD44, R.A. Oostemdorp et al GATA transcription factors negatively regulated erythropoietin gene expression, S. Imagawa et al Stem cell factor as a survival and growth factor in human normal and malignant hematopoiesis, H.T. Hassan, A. Zander Developmental and evolutionary aspects of thymic T cell education to neuroendocrine self, V. Geenen et al. (Part contents).


As the trend of accelerated globalization of multi-national corporations, the dynamic changes of corporate environments, and the significance of international logistics, this study is focused on the practical management of international logistics center and the policy developments for bringing up asian major ports including Japan, China, and Korea. Manufacturers are handling their diversified products line in a very short lead time and products life cycle because of consumers' aggressive needs. Now, ports are no more doing its own traditional way of services. They have to provide total one-stop, quick services until their customers are fully satisfied with high quality services of cargo allocation, physical distribution, and processing. With this point of view, ports have to be equipped with prospective facilities of electronically automated controlled international logistics center to accommodate all kinds of cargo. The conclusions are (1) to construct the infra system for the efficient connection of land and marine transportation (2) to build the cross-continental transportation network for the use of trains (3) to apply the functional merit of free trade zone to the customs formalities and clearance for the simple procedure (4) to increase the synergy effects combined ultra high speed telecommunication and transportation to set up the integrated information base (5) to arrange the optimum solutions for regulations and systems.


The Spanish economy experienced significantly weaker labour productivity growth than other OECD
economies and failed to catch up with the most advanced economies in the period 1996-2007. In recent
years labour productivity growth has accelerated, but this recovery is likely to be due to cyclical and
temporary factors. The aim of this paper is to identify what factors weigh on weak trend productivity
growth. The relatively weak performance largely reflects the low growth of total factor productivity within
a wide range of sectors, with very limited impact of composition effects, while the capital stock and
educational attainment of the workforce have grown relatively strongly. The paper investigates the role of
some institutions in deterring innovation, competition and the growth of successful firms. It argues that
Spain needs to have a more flexible labour market and collective bargaining system to improve
productivity performance. Productivity performance would also benefit from a more flexible business
environment in such a way that both entry and exit of firms in the economy are less costly, including a
reform of bankruptcy legislation, steps to make civil judicial procedures more efficient and a greater
reduction of barriers to entry into the retail trade sector.


Critical reviews of grade control generally focus on blast hole sampling and the estimation of ore control block model (OCM) grades with little or no attention given to dig line design. The estimation of block grades is deemed important as estimation errors lead to the misclassification of ore types and subsequent dollar loss. However, underestimation of block grades may be more or less costly than overestimation. Recognition of this problem led others to the application of loss functions for the assignment of ore type to individual OCM blocks. The method is known as MPS or maximum profit selection. However, each OCM block may be misclassified a second time by dig line design. Although each block may initially be assigned an optimum ore type, OCM blocks are seldom minable by ore type as individual blocks. A very common solution is the design of minable dig lines loosely constrained by a minimum mining width. These dig lines are often designed manually or by variations of computer generated contour lines and typically incur excessive dollar loss. This paper provides a method for constrained optimum dig line design where dig line misclassifications are also evaluated through loss functions or MPS. Constrained optimum dig line designs minimize the dollars lost by dig line misclassifications and are constrained by a minimum mining width. A case study is provided illustrating constrained optimum dig line design and subsequent benefits. INTRODUCTION Open pit grade control generally entails the sampling and assaying of blast hole cuttings followed by the estimation of ore control block model (OCM) grades. The estimated OCM block grades are then used in turn to design surface polygons or dig lines that outline and separate various ore types and waste material for the purposes of mining. Unfortunately, the estimation of block grades and the design of dig lines often results in the misclassification of ore types. For example:  True block grades are not known and must therefore, be estimated. If the classification of ore type based on the true but unknown block grade is different from the ore type based on the estimated block grade, then the ore type of the block is misclassified.  The locations of the true ore type contacts are not known and therefore their locations must also be estimated. Dig lines must be designed so that the contained ore type can actually be mined as designed by project mining equipment. If the dig line classification of ore type is different from the ore type classification based on block grade, then the block is misclassified. For example, a dig line containing a majority of blocks classified by grade as mill ore may include a small proportion of blocks classified by grade as waste. The waste blocks are misclassified by the dig line and as a result, will be sent to the mill.


Ionic detergent micelles have the capacity to solubilize organic substrates, interact selectively with counterions, repel coions, exhibit partial "dissociation" of the counterions, grow in size with added salt, affect the position of chemical equilibria, accelerate or inhibit the rates of chemical reactions, modulate photochemical reactivity and determine the dynamics of diffusion or near-diffusion controlled processes. Many of these phenomena can be understood and analyzed quantitatively in terms of relatively simple models for binding, selectivity and electrostatics that often require no knowledge of micellar structure or dynamics (the pseudophase limit), without compromising chemical intuition. An overview is provided of our current understanding of the interplay between micellar structure and electrostatics, selectivity, solubilization, and reactivity and their role in the development of quantitative formalisms for analyzing micellar effects on reactivity and equilibria.


This study identifies respondent characteristics influencing the opinion of Polish residents regarding the euro. Using data collected from 200 residents of Łukow and Biala Podlaska districts in Lubelskie Province, a decision model was specified where the choice of opinion about the euro was determined by demographic and socio-economic characteristics, household size, and location. Results show that the largest change in probability of choosing the opinion that the euro would strengthen in the future resulted from an increase in income and number of children in a household, but the probability would decrease, although by a small amount, if a respondent resided in a rural area or was fully employed.


The School of Public Health (SPH) in Bratislava was estab lished on 1 July 1991, as an organisational unit of the Post graduate Medical School, directly subordinated to the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic. The SPH performs both postgraduate and continuing education of specialists in indi vidual public health branches. It participates in the research activities within the field of public health. Our SPH is engaged in the network of European schools of public health, in association with the Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region (ASPHER). In coordination with these schools, the SPH elaborates on a system of training Europe- wide a comparable qualification degree in Master of Public Health (MPH). In collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO), the SPH also organises training courses and seminars with international participation. The SPH entered into the school year 1992/93 with its 5 departments and sub-departments in the following organi sational structure: 1. Department of Health Strategy with sub-departments: Health Legislation Health Education Health Sociology 2. Department of Medical Informatics 3. Department of Health Management 4. Department of Medical Education 5. Department of Preventive Medicine with sub-departments: Epidemiology Hygiene of Children and Adolescents Environmental Hygiene Nutrition Preventive Occupational Health Health Protection against Ionization


The unavoidable amplified spontaneous emissions (ASE) and parasitic oscillations (PO) has been shown to critically limit the achievable energy storage in rod and slab amplifiers, which may also induce some additional thermal effects. In this paper effect of the amplified spontaneous emission in the Nd:YAG slab amplifier is studied by numerical simulation, in which the ray tracing method is employed to solve a set of coupled laser rate equations and electrodynamics equations. The energy density induced by ASE with frequency vL at position x inside of laser medium can be obtained by incorporating the scalar Green-function and exponential amplifying law:


This paper describes the design, realization and use of an analogical, fully reconfigurable experimental setup to analyze the complex dynamics of networks of chaotic circuits. It reports details of the implementation and characterization of the setup, together with representative results, showing its flexibility and potential. The setup allows to choose arbitrarily the coupling strength and interconnection structure among the circuits, the type of link and to select the parameters of the node dynamics. It has a modular structure, and it can accommodate up to 32 nodes interconnected by at most 32 links. The collective dynamics of a relatively large set of different network structures and configurations has been investigated using the setup. Synchronization, pattern formation and other interesting collective phenomena were observed experimentally, their evidence being reported here as an illustration of the potential of the proposed setup. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The Modern Teahouse is a small nomadic building formTL designed together with Kengo Kuma. It is used for Japanese tea ceremonies in the garden of the "Museum für Angewandte Kunst" in Frankfurt am Main. The mattress‐like structure can be erected and taken down by just four people. The internal air pressure of this single‐chamber air house is 1500 Pa — only 1 % that of a high‐pressure beam but five times higher than a normal pneumatic structure. The Modern Teahouse "wanders" between the entrance hall of the museum and a little hill in the museum garden. When it is not in use, it is packed away on a trolley.


With the development of the technology of cloud computing, its application in education field has become a hot issue. This paper discuses the building of cloud computing training mode for art and design teachers, and analyzes the urgency to train teachers as well as the advantages of cloud computing in web-based training mode. A new web-based training mode based on cloud computing is proposed for art and design teachers, which will play a valuable role in related research.


Efficiency, effectiveness and energy saving had become a research topic that interests the attention of many researchers. The implementation of the security system in the research limited to the automation of door lock and lighting system. The system controlled by Arduino Uno microcontroller centrally. Microcontroller detects the output of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Keypad $4\times 4$, Limit Switch, Light Dependent Resistance (LDR) and Passive Infra-Red (PIR) for the security of the door. the microcontroller will give a response when it detects the output from the sensors. A response given by the microcontroller will control the Solenoid, Buzzer, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) display, and lamp. The door will open if the data/password of RFID and Keypad $4\times 4$ are appropriate. the maximum distance between tag and reader, for data to be read, is 2 cm. The buzzer will turn on when the Limit Switch detects an open door without using RFID and Keypad. The lamp will turn on automatically if conditions are dark and there is human movement in the room. The measurement using PIR sensor to detect the motion and LDR to measure the light condition. The test shows the maximum range of the PIR sensor is 4 meters.


Based on the expanded Solow model, this article studied the factors having an influence on the employment in China. With the explanatory variables of gross domestic product, urbanization rate, the level of household consumption, total fixed asset investment, the added value of the tertiary industry, this article did an empirical research with time series analysis model. Through the analysis of Johansen co-integration relationship model and error correction model, this paper tested the influence of these factors in both long run and short run.


Malnutrition is prevalent in chronic hemodialysis patients and is related to multiple factors; the hemodialysis procedure itself has been suggested as a catabolic factor. To examine the possible role of hemodlalysis on energy metabolism, resting energy expenditure and respiratory quotient in ten chronic hemodialysis patients was measured in this study, using a whole-room indirect calorimeter. h before hemodialysis, during 4 h of hemodialysis, for 2 h after and separately


The current performance appraisal system in the Malaysian public service (SSM) has placed heavy emphasis on rater competency in conducting the performance appraisal in a fair manner and to provide accurate ratings. The public sector has voiced out dissatisfaction with the SSM and the way it is being implemented. This study investigated raters' associated factors such as self-efficacy (PASE), knowledge (PSK), discomfort (PAD) which may impact rater competency. Rater PASE, PAD and PSK were found to significantly affect rater competency.


The invention provides a method for updating an application program according to positional information of user equipment and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: user equipment acquires positional information of the user equipment; according to the positional information, the application program of the user equipment is updated. Compared with the prior art, in the invention, through acquiring the positional information of the user equipment, the application program of the user equipment is updated, thus a fast convenient application service is provided for a user, and a good mobile interconnection experience is brought to the user.


We introduce new techniques for obtaining single-molecule orientation images and analyzing the reorientation dynamics of single fluorescent molecules. Polarization modulation is used with confocal microscopy to measure the absorption dipole orientation and reorientation dynamics of individual dye molecules physisorbed to glass and embedded in thin, spin-cast polymer films under ambient conditions. Discrete jumps in absorption dipole orientation are observed for a significant fraction of dye molecules in all samples tested, and in all cases the distribution of first-jump times can be fitted by a stretched exponential function. A sub-population of dye molecules that is stationary on the time scale of these experiments (32 s) is observed and persists even at high excitation power. Data analysis techniques are developed for quantifying the reorientation dynamics of single molecules, and a novel method for quickly identifying rotationally mobile molecules in a scan field is introduced. A dependence of the reor...


IET consultation response, submitted on-line to: Council of European Energy Regulators Cours Saint-Michel 30a, box F (5th floor) 1040 Brussels Belgium Chapter 1 1. Do you agree with these three core principles?  Principle 1: The DSO must run its business in a way which reflects the reasonable expectations of network users and other stakeholders.  Principle 2: The DSO must act as a neutral market facilitator in undertaking its core functions  Principle 3: The DSO must act in the public interest, taking account of costs and benefits. The Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) agrees that the three core Principles as cited in the consultation are basically sound. However, from a Great Britain (GB) DSO perspective, Principles 1 and 3 are somewhat superfluous as these requirements are already embedded in existing Codes, Statutory Instruments and Distribution Licence obligations. However our view is that Principle 1 should extend to the reasonable expectations of future users and stakeholders which might be quite different than today. For example, it is anticipated that users in GB will tend to buy energy management systems that operate on the consumer side of the meter and are likely to be asynchronous in operation to the rest of the grid. The control of demand and local generation will therefore be to optimise the user's requirements and not that of the DSO. Opting in to demand side response management will therefore be only one option; there will be many products that provide other more localised options. Principle 1 therefore will need to consider what is " reasonable expectations " in this context. In GB, the behaviours described by Principles 1 and 2 are strongly incentivised through the GB regulatory framework (RIIO ED1). This includes a strong focus on incentivising innovation and outputs. Examples of outputs are provided in our response to question 14.


M€ uller and Amaral [2017] reviewed our paper, ASD Validity [Waterhouse, London, & Gillberg, 2016], and agreed with us that the ASD diagnosis lacks biological validity. However, they argued against our conclusion that ASD should be abandoned in research. Instead they recommended that researchers should see ASD as an umbrella term, increase replication of studies, use very large and very small study samples, and conduct studies of ASD dimensional symptoms. We agree that these are sound recommendations. However, our review of research has led us to conclude that using the ASD diagnosis in basic and translational research cannot provide valid conclusions because the diagnosis lacks both biological and construct validity. Idiopathic ASD lacks biological validity because brain impairments are extremely varied, and no model of ASD brain impairment has been replicated. Syndromic ASD brain impairments vary from syndrome to syndrome, and gene models of ASD brain impairment lack replication and coverage. The ASD diagnosis lacks boundary construct validity because 96% of those with ASD have significant non-diagnostic symptoms, including many who have full comorbid disorders. In addition, the ASD spectrum of disorders lacks construct validity. The spectrum has no shared early brain or behavioral predictor, no shared consistent developmental course, no shared Broader Autism Phenotype, no replicated subgroups, and no shared recurrence risk rate. Crucially, the phenotypic brain and behavior links between ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders remain unclear, and the real complexities of the interaction of developmental risk factors also remain unclear. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence argues that using the diagnosis of ASD in research is fruitless because the diagnosis is an arbitrary unscientific "convenient fiction" that has blocked the discovery of replicable neurobiological variation among individuals with serious neurodevelopmental social impairment. Equally important, maintaining the ASD diagnosis supports the impossible research goal of finding a unitary cause for ASD, and supports the public's belief that a single cure for ASD will be found. Maintaining the ASD diagnosis will also continue to support the reifying business of ASD research funding, journals, and societies. Unless the ASD diagnosis is clearly renounced as scientifically arbitrary, the wide ASD coverage of 1% or more of the population, along with the many errantly definitive diagnostic assessments will continue to reify and prop up the ASD diagnosis. More than seventy years of research studying the arbitrary diagnosis of autism has not resulted in any targeted medical treatments. Now is the time to abandon the ASD diagnosis in research.


Empathy is process of share and understand another person's feelings and emotions as if they were your own. Feeling empathy for a person helps to understand the reasons of that person's behaviors. Addi- tionally, empathy increases the behavior of help. Because tourism is a sector in which people are both service provider and service users, the relationships among people are very significant. It is necessary for service pro- viders to understand service users and to evaluate their complains and demands correctly. Thus, satisfaction of service user and therefore success of the facility can be verified. This is possible if sector workers are able to have empathy with the customers. The aim of the research is to determine empathic ability levels of students from Akdeniz University Vocational School of Social Sciences, Tourism and Travel Management and Tourism and Hotel Management, demographic features which affect this ability and to give suggestions to education providers and students according to evidinces. To this end, students these departments will be given a survey and datas from this surveys will be analyzed in SPSS package software.


Abstract Magellan observations of horizontally and vertically polarized emissivity and radar specific cross sections are jointly modeled to separate dielectric constants from textural effects for lobate plains, fractured plains, fracture belts, festoon flows, and tessera in Ovda Regio and surroundings. The model assumes surface emission and scattering dominate and that signatures are controlled by a combination of quasi-specular and diffuse-scale mechanisms. Textural parameters are found to correlate with geology whereas dielectric constants are found to depend on elevation. A gradual increase in dielectric constant from rock-like values (4 to 5) to a value of approximately 50 is evident over the interval from 6054 to 6056 km, where elevations are derived from Magellan altimetry observations. Stereo radargrammetric analyses demonstrate that a return to rock-like values occurs over approximately 0.5 km above the terrain with highest dielectric constants. The abrupt return to rock-like values occurs independently of geology, and reinforces the hypothesis of elevation control on dielectric constant values. Variations in dielectric constant with elevation are modeled using an 1000-ppm concentration of a ferroelectric mineral with a Curie temperature of 707 K. The model reproduces the abrupt change at highest elevations, as the Curie temperature is reached, and the gradual change as lower elevations are encountered. To our knowledge no other model explains the trends with such simplicity.


Secretary Hendrik Bogaert starts a reform of the legal status of public servants. From now on, he says, their career will not depend on years of service, but on performance. I give examples that in fact personnel is evaluated all along their career, from technicians over teachers, university professors, projects, and whole divisions and institutions. What is the purpose of the Secretary?


OF THE DISCLOSURE A process is disclosed for drawing and crimping poly ester filaments which have been asymmetrically quenched during melt spinning. A tow of the filaments is drawn during passage through a hot gas, passes from draw rolls into a cool air jet which cools and opens the tow, and is conveyed through a relaxation chamber. Tension is main tained on the tow until just prior to the air jet. Large un opened groups of filaments are avoided when the condi tions are such that the moisture content of the opened tow is less than 2% when the tension is released. This invention relates to the drawing of a tow of crystallizable, synthetic linear condensation polyester filaments having asymmetric birefringence to cause them to crimp spontaneously after they have been drawn. The invention is more particularly concerned with processing tow so that it will open to form a highly bulked, uniform tow-bundle of crimped polyester filaments after release of the drawing tension. In a recent development in the field of polyester fibers, it has been found that crimped filaments of improved properties can be formed by extruding the molten poly ester in the form of filaments, quenching the extruded filaments with a fluid in an asymmetric manner so that one side of each filament is solidified before the other side, and orienting the extruded filament. Asymmetric cooling of the filament may be achieved, for example, by employing as the quenching medium a jet of air or other gas directed upon one side of the extruded filament a short distance from the spinneret rather than by cooling the filament over a considerable distance with a current of air, as in conventional melt spinning. Although the as-spun filaments are straight and indistinguishable by sight from ordinary as-spun filaments, they show differ ent optical properties; i.e., an asymmetrically quenched filament exhibits an asymmetric birefringence differential across; the diameter of the filament as contrasted with a symmetric differential, or lack of any differential, asso ciated with ordinary polyester filaments. When the asym metrically spun filaments are oriented by drawing to a length about 2 to 5 times their extruded length and the drawing tension is released, they exhibit crimp of a three-dimensional or reversing helical nature unobtain able by conventional mechanical-crimping methods. The three-dimensionally crimped filaments are highly valuable, especially when converted to staple fibers, for many important uses including the preparation of fabrics with improved bulk, cover, and wool-like aesthetics and as stuffing materials of enhanced bulk and softness for pillows and the like. In commercial practice, it is desired to manufacture the crimped filaments in the form of tow, which consists of a large number of filaments. The tow may be shipped as such for use as a stuffing material in tow form or for direct conversion to staple yarns via the tow-to-top process; or it may be cut to staple fibers prior to shipment. In accordance with the method employed hitherto, 0


This chapter examines the work of Victor Ruprich-Robert (1820–87), an architect and leading reformer of ornament during the Second Empire, and situates it within the crisis of meaning in ornamentation in mid-nineteenth-century France. Particular attention is given to Flore ornementale, Ruprich-Robert's major work on ornamental design, first published in 1866, and republished in expanded form in 1876. The chapter locates the main ideas set forth in the book at the intersection of new ideals in philosophical aesthetics and the natural sciences.


Introduction This chapter focuses on the issues and challenges for State governments in reforming Australian federalism. It proposes the more effective use of subsidiarity principles as a benchmark for assessing various reform proposals recently put forward from a range of perspectives. It examines some of the possible roles of state governments within an evolving federal system that has recently been characterised by a series of national agreements on major policy issues. The various proposals for fundamental redesign of the federation, including abolition of the States, are rejected. An argument is made in favour of a practical focus on effective and responsive governance, including a closer focus on more effective regional service delivery. This practical approach to 'good governance' would thus require continuing along the path of negotiating national agreements, taking subsidiarity more seriously, further clarifying roles in improved service delivery, and allowing greater flexibility and capacity for innovation at the sub-national levels. Having seriously embraced this path, more research needs to be done on the institutional arrangements that would most effectively sustain it in the long term.


Robert Desgabets (1610–1678) has been described as a 'radical Cartesian'. Drawing conclusions from Descartes's thought that Descartes himself had failed to see, Desgabets treated Cartesianism as a work in progress that awaited further enrichment and development. But, as scholars have recognized, Desgabets's writings also betray a significant indebtedness to scholastic tradition. In presenting his philosophy, Desgabets often appeals to traditional notions, breathing new life into scholastic concepts and ideas. This paper investigates what we are to make of the scholastic vestiges in Desgabets's thought. It argues that Desgabets's relation to scholastic tradition is more complicated than Desgabets himself wants us to believe, or than his modern commentators have recognized. Scholastic echoes in Desgabets cannot be taken at face value. Sometimes, they reflect basic points of agreement with scholastic theories. But just as often, scholastic formulae in Desgabets are vehicles for expressing philosophical views that go way beyond anything to be found in his predecessors.


Electronic energy bands for Fe3O4 are calculated in the neighborhood of the Verwey transition temperature using a Hartree‐Fock decoupled Hamiltonian. Parameters appearing in the H‐F Hamiltonian are determined by minimizing the free energy in configuration space in the pair approximation of the cluster variation method. Four sublattice construction of the spinel structure, charge density of 1/2 electron per site, and the Verwey charge ordering along the c‐axis are assumed. The Verwey order parameter, effective exchange fields and the specific heat are calculated as functions of temperature. Those results are substituted into the H‐F Hamiltonian and four energy bands are obtained. At sufficiently low temperatures, those bands are split into two, almost doubly degenerate, bands separated by a large energy gap, corresponding to an insulator phase. As temperature approaches the Verwey transition point, the band width increases rapidly, accompanied by a narrowing of the energy gap. The lower filled bands and upper vacant bands eventually touch each other, changing the system into a metallic state. It is found that the insulator‐metal transition takes place at a temperature where the Verwey order is still finite, although very small. As long as the Verwey transition remains second order, the theory predicts two different transition temperatures, one for the insulator‐metal transition and the other for the order‐disorder transition.Electronic energy bands for Fe3O4 are calculated in the neighborhood of the Verwey transition temperature using a Hartree‐Fock decoupled Hamiltonian. Parameters appearing in the H‐F Hamiltonian are determined by minimizing the free energy in configuration space in the pair approximation of the cluster variation method. Four sublattice construction of the spinel structure, charge density of 1/2 electron per site, and the Verwey charge ordering along the c‐axis are assumed. The Verwey order parameter, effective exchange fields and the specific heat are calculated as functions of temperature. Those results are substituted into the H‐F Hamiltonian and four energy bands are obtained. At sufficiently low temperatures, those bands are split into two, almost doubly degenerate, bands separated by a large energy gap, corresponding to an insulator phase. As temperature approaches the Verwey transition point, the band width increases rapidly, accompanied by a narrowing of the energy gap. The lower filled bands and up...


Wasting is a nutritional problem suffered by many school children. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that cause wasting in school children and effective nutrition education to improve it. This study is a Research and Development. Population of this research is all of children in 4 elementary schools at Sumbang district, amounts 743. The sample was taken by purposive with inclusion criteria are children who they are in the fourth graders study, amounts 101. Data Analysis by univariate and bivariate analysis by rank speraman and wilcoxon analysis. Lack of knowledge (p value=0.037) and low consumption of carbohydrates, protein, fat (p value=0,000;0.001;0.001) as factors that causes wasting. Wilcoxon analysis results showed that there were differences in sample knowledge given audiovisual media and picture book (p value=0,000). Audiovisual media was most effective for improving students' nutritional knowledge (37.22% vs 12.7% knowledge increase). The results of wilcoxon's analysis on changes in nutritional behavior did not show any differences in pictorial and audiovisual stories (p value=0.644), this means that both are equally effective in improving the nutritional behavior of school children. Suggested to carry out nutrition education regularly to reduce wasting in school children.


Objective: To adapt the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI) for postal use with stroke patients. Design: Reliability was examined using test–retest on 26 stroke patients. Construct validity was tested on 76 patients by examining correlations between the modified RNLI and related scales. Subjects: Patients at three months to one year post stroke. Results: All items demonstrated better than chance agreement between test and retest and seven items substantial agreement (kappa= >0.61). The modified RNLI correlated positively with related scales. Patients with stronger reintegration to normal living had better outcomes in anxiety, depression, daily activity and quality of life. Conclusion: This postal instrument appears reliable and valid and may be a useful outcome measure in stroke studies.


The research design evaluate the performance of Architecture Department students in the subject of the drawing architecture and presentation . If tool focuses interesting research on generating data sheets for students of Architecture Department - Muthanna University in an article drawing and presentation architectural the second phase for the academic year 2014-2015 in the final test in accordance with the tool designed. The consisted Find the extent of the problem of students mastering the skills of drawing architectural and presentation of it is the most important skill that must be mastered student of architecture in this area where the display gives the final design of the project an important indicator of student abilities and his skill. Performing has adopted a researcher descriptive analytical method based on the starters induction and deduction in determining the performing skills that must be mastered by the student in the subject of the drawing and the display architecture, where the research community of (30) in accordance produced by architecture students in the final exam of a material drawing for the academic year 2014- 2015. The tool was tested on a random sample of student work of (10). The researcher designed tool to (20) paragraph researcher used statistical means the arithmetic average - link Pearson coefficient - ranks Spearman coefficient is to establish Measure - Cooper equation and the program


Access to primary care and case management is an increasing challenge for growing numbers of homebound elderly. Physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, and patients are affected by constraints of the health care system. Collaborative models incorporating the expertise of nurse practitioners may be useful to address the unique needs of frail homebound elders who choose to remain in the community. Home visits by physicians, nurse practitioners, and nurses each address various components of the complex needs of elderly homebound patients. In combination, their expertise can provide access, ensure quality, and promote cost-effective primary care and case management. This article describes an innovative partnership between physicians and nurse practitioners addressing barriers to primary care for homebound elders in the Boston area.


Abstract The relationship of altitude, cardinal direction and plant species occupied by the sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae), during the aestivation period were determined. Studies were carried out on plant species (Astragalus dipthterites Fenzl., Noea spinosissim Moq., Acantholimon sp. and Astragalus sp.), at 3 altitudes (1600 –1800; 1800–2000; 2000–2200 m), and in three directions (North, South, and East) from the overwintering sites on Nemrut Mountain, Adıyaman Turkey. According to the results, there were significant interactions of plant species x altitude, plant species x direction and altitude x direction. With respect to the species x altitude interaction, the most adults were found on N. spinosissim at altitudes of 1800–2000 m, and the least numbers were found on Astragalus sp. at the altitudes of 1600–1800 m. Considering the species x direction interaction, the most adults were found on N. spinosissim plants at the southern areas of overwintering sites, and the least numbers of adults were found on Astragalus sp. at the eastern sites. In the case of the altitude x direction interaction, the most adults were found in the southern areas of overwintering sites at 1800–2000 m, and the least numbers were found at the altitudes of 1600–1800 meters at the northern direction of overwintering sites.


In this paper, we propose a method using a LM3S316 chip to achieve its communication with PC machine, and give out the hardware and software realization. This method emulates USB equipment by microcontrollers , which reduces power consumption and cost.


Neutron diffraction measurements together with solid-state NMR results support the claim that aluminium is reinserted into the framework of steamed samples of zeolite Y upon treatment with highly alkaline solutions.


To investigate the effect of"living high,exercise high,training low"(HiHiLo) on aerobic performance of national taekwondo athletes,13 female Athletes are divided into two groups randomly: low-oxygen group(n = 8) training at sea level and living in hypoxic rooms(simulated at 2800 m altitude) for 10h/day,and control group(n=5) training and living at sea level,and experiment lasts 4 weeks.Haemogram,RBC 2,3-DPG,AT power,blood lactae during increasing load exercise and V · O 2max is detected during experiment.RBC numbers and Hb concentration at three weeks are higher than theirs before experiment(P 0.05),while Hb concentration is higher than control group simultaneous(P 0.05) and Hb concentration at four weeks are still higher than before experiment(P 0.05).RBC 2,3-DPG at two weeks and at four weeks were higher than theirs before experiment and control group simultaneous(P0.05,P 0.01).AT power 158.79±22.34W after experiment is higher 148.56±20.01W before experiment(P 0.05),but blood lactate on even load exercise is lower(P0.05,P 0.01).There is no significant change of V · O 2max in both groups.It is implied that aerobic performance of national taekwondo athletes is improved during 4 weeks HiHiLo and detection will be done to decided if athletes adapt in hypoxic environment,and formulate hypoxia training program for improving its effect.