Failure correlation is a physical phenomenon observed, for example, in CNC (computer numerical control) lathe applications. Reliability importance measure considering failure correlation is an effective measure to identify the importance of CNC lathe. This paper fully considers the failure correlation among the subsystems of the CNC lathe. Based on the Copula function, the joint reliability model of each subsystem of the CNC lathe is established. Three methods (D‐test, the average cumulative error, and the root mean square error) are used to compare the joint reliability models under different Copula functions. Then ascertained the Clayton Copula model can describe the failure correlation reliability of CNC lathe most accurately. The reliability dynamic importance measure can judge the difference in CNC lathe subsystem importance measure more accurately. In this paper, the reliability dynamic core importance measure is proposed to analyze the potential of the CNC lathe subsystems for improvement. It can determine that the servo subsystem is the crucial part of the CNC lathe for priority improvement.


Key Points Question Is the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–guided biopsy comparable with reference-standard surgical resection for diagnosing pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer? Findings In this pilot nonrandomized controlled trial of 20 patients with evaluable data, the accuracy of MRI-guided biopsy for diagnosing pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 95% and the negative predictive value was 92.8%. Meaning The results from this pilot study suggest greater accuracy with this method than do the majority of published data and support the need for a larger study comparing MRI-guided biopsy with reference-standard surgical resection in diagnosing a pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.


The technique of flow injection analysis (FIA) is a common instrumental method used in detecting a variety of chemical and biological agents. This paper describes an undergraduate laboratory that uses FIA to perform a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) colorimetric assay for quantitating protein samples. The method requires less than 2 min per sample injection and gives a response over a broad range of protein concentrations. This method can be used in instrumental analysis labs to illustrate the principles and use of FIA, or as a means for introducing students to common methods employed in the analysis of biological agents.


to 0.05 unit or less of oxytocin was associated with labour occurring within 48 hours of amniotomy in 91 % of cases, but if the test was positive to 0.03 unit or less the comparable figure was 100%. The test is particularly accurate when termination of pregnancy is contemplated more than one week before the expected date of delivery. It is in this group of cases that an indication of the likelihood of a rapid response to amniotomy would be of the greatest help in coming to a decision to perform amniotomy or elective caesarean section.


The paper starts from the origin and evolution of city planning standards of Shenzhen before analyzing the new demands for the standards by the development of city renewal amid city transition,and establishes a primary framework for the planning standards and requirements.In addition,on the basis of comparing with the formulation of planning standards of Hong Kong,Shanghai,and Changsha,the paper carries out a discussion on the formulation ideas and main contents of the planning standards for the urban renewal areas in Shenzhen.Moreover,the paper also analyzes the standards for renewal objects,scope,mode,functions guidance,development control,and public facilities,all of which are quite heated issues and key elements in the process of formulation and approval of renewal planning,in order to improve the institutional structure of the City Planning Standards and Requirements of Shenzhen and meet the government's demand in realizing a refined management.


A spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) epidemic in southcentral Alaska has caused extensive mortality to spruce trees and a change in forest stand structure. Because a change in forest vegetation can influence composition and abundance of forest birds, we at- tempted to assess the type and magnitude of change in bird populations within 2 forest stands on the Kenai Peninsula that were undergoing differing levels of spruce beetle infestation. In addition, we compared bird populations occupying a salvage-logged forest site with those in the other forest stands. During our survey period (1994 to 1998), species composition and abun- dance of land birds differed across the sampled forest stands. Avian species diversity and rich- ness was greatest in the early successional stage of the logged forest and least in the heavily infested forest stand where many spruce trees killed by the spruce beetle had fallen to the ground. As predicted, ground nesting and foraging bird species increased where trees had fall- en or were removed. Conversely, the abundance of mature conifer forest birds, such as Town- send's warblers (Dendroica townsendi) and ruby-crowned kinglets (Regulus calendula) decreased in those forest stands that lost overstory structure. Townsend's warblers declined in abundance through time, potentially due to the loss of mature conifers for nest sites. Bird abundance was greater within the lightly infested stand in 1996, possibly due to immigration of birds from less suitable habitats. Because forest stand characteristics will continue to change through time fol- lowing the spruce beetle epidemic, we suggest that songbird communities will also remain dy- namic in response to changing habitats.


The Partnership Action for Continuing Employment (PACE) is the Scottish Government initiative dedicated to helping employers and individuals faced with redundancy.


This paper deals with the stabilization of the linear time-invariant finite dimensional control problem specified by the following linear spaces and subspaces on C: ? (state space) = ?* A ?d, U (input space) = U1 A U2, Y (output space) = Y1 + Y2, together with the linear mappings: Qs = ? x U x [0,t} --> ? associated with the evolution equation of the C0-semigroup S(t) generated by the matrices, of real and complex entries A belonging to L(?,?) and B belonging to L(U,?) of a given differential system. The stabilization for variations in the values of the parameters and structures of the above matrices with respect to a nominal system (of state space ?*) is investigated. The study is made in the context of algebraic systems theory and it includes the variation of the degrees, but not of the orders, of the associated polynomial matrices with respect to the nominal ones.


Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD‐EPI) equations estimate glomerular filtration rate more accurately than the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study equation. Our aim was to evaluate whether CKD‐EPI equations based on serum creatinine and/or cystatin C (CysC) predict risk for major bleeding (MB) more accurately than the MDRD Study equation in patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS).


Multiple regression and stepwise logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationships of work conditions, individual characteristics, and burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal fulfillment). Subjects were 144 early childhood educators. Teachers most likely to leave the profession were more educated, has less teaching experience and reported higher levels of burnout (i.e. high emotional exhaustion and lower personal fulfillment). Turnover was also predicted by high depersonalization, lower personal fulfillment, working overtime, and perceived choice of other jobs. Implications of these results for early childhood programs were discussed.


In recent years, the number of journals focusing on a single literary figure has increased substantially. No longer are only a few select authors the sole focus of a journal or newsletter. With the proliferation of single‐author periodicals, implications for their use in locating literary criticism increases the importance of identifying such publications and recommending them to users. The importance of the effective use of journals devoted to a single author is highlighted by the fact that many such titles are not indexed in MLA International Bibliography, long deemed the most complete of the traditional sources for locating literary criticism. Perhaps the greatest strength of the relatively recent American Humanities Index lies is its coverage of single‐author titles. Humanities Index and Abstracts for English Studies also provide access to such journals. Arts and Humanities Citation Index does include a number of the titles too, but it is relatively difficult to use because of its subject approach.


3 groups of 4 rats completed run-to-lick contingencies with delay of reward intervals of 0, 3, and 10 sec. imposed between the FR 10 running requirement and delivery of a 4% sucrose solution. Following acquisition sessions, Ss received extinction sessions which continued until instrumental responding stabilized. The experimental design continued over 4 replications. There were no differential effects of delay of reward conditions on either total acquisition or extinction responding.


Objective: Female patients are often considered to be at lower risk for cardiovascular events than males. Accordingly, cardiovascular risk factors are frequently undertreated in female patients. The aim of this study was to compare the cardiovascular risk profile between male and female hypertensive patients and to assess their management. Design and Methods: The medical notes of the most recent visit of 1,234 hypertensive patients (40.3% males, age 56.7 ± 13.4 years) who attended at least once our Outpatient Clinic were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and stroke did not differ between genders. Diastolic blood pressure, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels were also similar in men and women. High density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher in women (54 ± 14 vs 46 ± 11 mg/dl in men, respectively; p < 0.001). However, women were older than men (58.5 ± 11.5 vs 54.3 ± 15.5 years, respectively; p < 0.001) and had greater body mass index (30.5 ± 5.9 vs 29.4 ± 4.9 kg/m2, respectively; p < 0.05) and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (75.5 ± 21.4 vs 85.7 ± 21.9 ml/min/1.73m2, respectively; p < 0.001). Even though women were receiving more antihypertensive agents than men (1.4 ± 1.2 vs 1.2 ± 1.2, respectively; p < 0.05), the former had higher systolic blood pressure than the latter (149 ± 23 vs 146 ± 20 mmHg, respectively; p < 0.05). Conclusions: Hypertensive women have more adverse cardiovascular risk profile than hypertensive men. Achieving blood pressure goals is also more difficult in hypertensive women. Therefore, antihypertensive management should be equally aggressive in both genders and might require more pharmacological agents in women.


The modern world economy is characterised by the use of digital technologies as one of the factors of economic growth. Digital transformation creates new opportunities for development, but at the same time there are risks and threats to conventional economies. Therefore, the study of digital transformation is becoming particularly relevant. The purpose of this study was to reveal the essence of the term "digital transformation", highlight its advantages and disadvantages, and analyse the process of digitalisation of the economy of Ukraine. During theoretical exploration, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: analysis, synthesis, observation, generalisation, classification. Theoretical assumptions were tested using analytical materials. Based on the analysis, conclusions were drawn, and practical recommendations were developed. In theoretical research, the differences between the terms "digitalisation" and "digitisation" were investigated. The main prerequisites for the spread of digital technologies are highlighted: the development of the physical infrastructure of internet access in the world, the growth of the number of internet users; the development of e-commerce; the development of the country's IT industry; the improvement of the national e-government system. It was established that the main obstacles to the digital transformation of Ukrainian society are factors formed in the political, economic, technological, and psychological spheres. The dynamics of indices used to assess the spread of digital technologies is analysed: the e-Participation Index and the e-Governance Development Index. It was established that recently there has been a positive trend in them. The main advantages of implementing digital technologies were systematised. At the state level, the positive impact is manifested in improving the quality of life of the population; the level of productivity of public labour; reducing the share of hard work; preserving health and extending human life expectancy; simplifying access to information. The positive impact of digital technologies on the business environment is manifested in reducing the cost of selling products, searching and processing information, making transactions, launching and promoting goods to the market, the duration of the business cycle; inventing innovative technologies and switching to the production of innovative products. The advantages for individuals are to reduce the cost of internet services and transactions, simplify access to educational, entertainment and information resources. The main risks and threats created by the digital transformation of society are described: technological, economic, political, social, legal, and personal. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of identifying and neutralising risks and threats of digitalisation.


Objective:To investigate the effect of gingival tissue on different cervical margins positions of porcelain-fused-to-metal crown in the restoration process.Methods:210 procelain-fused-to-metal teeth were divided into two groups:equal gingival margin and subgingival margin 0.5~0.8 mm based on restoration margins postition and gingival bleeding indexes were also examined after eighteen months.Results:210 porcelain-fused-to-metal teeth(including 143 cases front and 67 cases after teeth),90 cases equal gingival margin and 120 cases subgingial margin 0.5~0.8 mm,according to gingival indexes(0,1,2,and 3) were 14 cases(15%),63 cases(70%),9 cases(10%) and 4 cases(5%) in 90 cases equal gingival margin respectively,and were 12 cases(10%),72 cases(60%),24 cases(20%) and 12 cases(10%) in 120 cases subgingival margin 0.5~0.8 mm respectively.Conclusion:In the porcelain-fused-to-metal crown the gingival indexes of equal gingival margin group will be given priority than subgingival margin 0.5~0.8 mm group.


The purpose of our article was to analyze the peculiarities of the translation of texts of German-language official business discourse. The object of our research is international agreements between Ukraine and Germany (German and Ukrainian), and the subject is the peculiarities of their translation. It should be noted that the documents of interstate nature on the legal basis of relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and Ukraine, which are posted on the website of the Embassy of Ukraine in Germany (Botschaft der Ukraine in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland) and the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Kyiv Києві (Botschaft der Bundesrepublik Deutschland Kiew). In our study, we used general scientific methods (induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis), methods of linguistic analysis, such as communicative-pragmatic and interpretive analysis of the text, as well as contrastive translation analysis, which is considered the main method of comparing the original text and translated text. The article describes the lexical, grammatical and stylistic features of the texts of international agreements, taking into account the specifics of the official business style in the German and Ukrainian language pictures of the world. The texts of the analyzed agreements are the sphere of concentration of nationally marked vocabulary and features of the socio-political state of the country. The level of translation of formal agreements implies the preservation of the stylistic features of the original text as much as possible. The study found that current trends in the translation of official business discourse, including international agreements, show that the typological features of the German and Ukrainian languages impose restrictions on the use of translation transformations such as tracing, preferring lexical-semantic transformations (concretization) and grammatical substitutions (replacement of grammatical category, replacement of grammatical form, syntactic transformations of sentence structure). At the same time, for the transfer of non-equivalent vocabulary there is an increasing tendency to use the nominations established for the practice of translation and international communication in the framework of equivalent translation, transliteration, to a lesser extent - transcription. Within the framework of text units, complex transformations are often more obvious when translated into Ukrainian.
Key words: official business discourse, German-Ukrainian international agreements, professional translation, translation strategies.


The literature reports that the palmaris longus muscle (PL) is only found in mammals in which the forelimbs are weight‐bearing extremities. It is suggested that the function of this muscle has been taken over by the other flexors in the forearm. Terms used in the literature to describe the diminishing of this muscle include retrogressive or phylogenetic degenerative trends. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of PL in a South African population and whether a phylogenetic degenerative trend for the PL exists. To determine the prevalence of the PL, five groups, representing different age intervals (Years 0–20, 21–40, 41–60, 61–80, and 81–99) were used. A sample of 706 participants of various ages was randomly selected. Statistical analysis included comparisons of the prevalence of the muscle between males and females and left and right sides, using a student t‐test. A Chi‐squared test was used to determine a possible phylogenetic degenerative trend of PL within the five groups. The sample yielded a bilateral absence of the PL in 11.9% of the cases. The muscle was unilaterally absent on the left side in 7.65% and 6.94% on the right side. The Chi‐squared tests revealed a P‐value of 0.27 for the left arm and 0.39 for the right arm. No obvious trend could be established for the phylogenetic degeneration of the PL in this study. It would appear that the PL muscle should not be considered as a phylogenetically degenerating muscle in a South African population. Clin. Anat. 27:222–226, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


.................................................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... iv DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... xiii LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... xv LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................... xix LIST OF UNITS ........................................................................................................................... xx LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES ................................................................................................. xxii LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES............................................................................................... xxiii DISSERTATION ORGANIZATION ............................................................................................ 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 3 Research objectives ..................................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER 1. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................ 6 Global petroleum consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions ................................. 6 Importance of biofuels and other bioproducts ............................................................................. 8 Global biofuel production ........................................................................................................... 9 Existing and developing biofuel feedstocks ................................................................................ 9 Corn ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Sugarcane .............................................................................................................................. 10 Lignocellulosic biomass ........................................................................................................ 11 Industrial beets ....................................................................................................................... 11 Industrial beets as a potential feedstock for ethanol and other bioproducts .............................. 12


One of the most important problems facing the construction management process is the occurrence of change orders, which became inevitable in every construction project and the magnitude of these variations varies considerably from project to project. Considerably causing different effects to the project like changes in cost, time, quality, and completion schedule. The objective of this study is analyzing change orders causes related to owner, contractor, consultant and other causes and their effects on project cost for the Kirkuk governorate-Iraq selected as a case study for the purpose of this paper. The Relative Importance Index (RII) methodology was used to analysis the collected data. The case study analysis focused on the selection of 12 construction projects and a questionnaire administered to professionals in the construction industry in Iraq. According to the questionnaire analysis of 40 questions and based on RII ranking was found that the top most ten significant causes of the change orders come to the poor project management in the first rank. Whereas, change in the country's economic conditions comes in the second rank, contractor's lack of experience and mistakes during construction stage, poor cost estimation, quality assurance and control, poor performance of contract and subcontractor, the contractor's financial difficulties, the lack of required skills, unrealistic project durations and design errors and omissions, and finally the collision between contract documents.


Diabetes is a disease of great and rising prevalence, with the obesity epidemic being a significant contributing risk factor. Duodenal–jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) is a reversible implant that mimics the effects of more aggressive surgical procedures, such as gastric bypass, to induce weight loss. We hypothesized that DJBL also influences the glucose dynamics in type II diabetes, based on the induced changes already demonstrated in other physiological characteristics and parameters. In order to assess the validity of this assumption, we conducted a quantitative analysis based on several nonlinear algorithms (Lempel–Ziv Complexity, Sample Entropy, Permutation Entropy, and modified Permutation Entropy), well suited to the characterization of biomedical time series. We applied them to glucose records drawn from two extreme cases available of DJBL implantation: before and after 10 months. The results confirmed the hypothesis and an accuracy of 86.4% was achieved with modified Permutation Entropy. Other metrics also yielded significant classification accuracy results, all above 70%, provided a suitable parameter configuration was chosen. With the Leave–One–Out method, the results were very similar, between 72% and 82% classification accuracy. There was also a decrease in entropy of glycaemia records during the time interval studied. These findings provide a solid foundation to assess how glucose metabolism may be influenced by DJBL implantation and opens a new line of research in this field.


The Serra da Barriga , located in the city of União dos Palamares, has attracted the interest of archaeologists over the past year, owing mostly to the Palmares maroon society thought to have existed there. However the archaeological research carried out by Scott J. Allen since 1996 has uncovered substantial evidence of a prehistoric native South American settlement dating to approximately 800 years B.P, evidenced by occupation surfaces, smoking pipes, and burial urns. The present study is a part of the Project, "Arqueologia da Região Serrana dos Quilombos". The aim of this master's dissertation is to construct a Ceramic Technical Profile for the principal site detected on the Serra da Barriga. Two levels of analysis were observed: sherds and complete vessels. Following Dunnel's methodology, 10 technological types were created based surface enhancement and inclusions, as well as the technological, morphological and functional attributes of 1.384 sherds. The results of this first level of analysis were correlated with the form, function and size of complete vessels. The establishment of this profile provides the necessary first step to explore more complex questions about the groups that lived on and the Serra da Barriga prior to the arrival of the first runaway slaves.


Low frequency pressure generator is built to provide sinusoidal driving function in frequency range from 0.05 to 50 Hz for frequency response testing of pressure transducers used in liquid-filled systems. Generator consists of piston-in-cylinder, scotch-yoke mechanism machined into piston, and adjustable eccentric.


In 1920, the nation's railway system reached its peak of 272,000 miles; however, the system has been losing track since that time.2 Approximately 141,000 miles are now in use, but it is predicted that another 3,000 miles will be abandoned every year through the end of this century.3 Many would like to see the abandoned railway lines converted to trails suitable for bicycling, horseback riding and hiking. The Rails-to-Trails Conservancy seeks to stop the piecemeal sale of old railbeds that cover tens of thousands of miles in every state, and to develop the land for trails. 4


The vomeronasal organ (VNO) detects pheromones via 2 large families of receptors: vomeronasal receptor 1, associated with the protein Gi a 2, and vomeronasal receptor 2, associated with Go a . We investigated the distribution of Go a in the developing and adult VNO and adult olfactory bulb of a marsupial, the tammar wallaby. Some cells expressed Go a as early as day 5 postpartum, but by day 30, Go a expressing cells were distributed throughout the receptor epithelium of the VNO. In the adult tammar, Go a appeared to be expressed in sensory neurons whose nuclei were mostly basally located in the vomeronasal receptor epithelium. Go a expressing vomeronasal receptor cells led to all areas of the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). The lack of regionally restricted projection of the vomeronasal receptor cell type 2 in the tammar was similar to the uniform type, with the crucial difference that the uniform type only shows expression of Gi a 2 and no expression of Go a . The observed Go a staining pattern suggests that the tammar may have a third accessory olfactory type that could be intermediate to the segregated and uniform types already described.


Fanyi created in the novel "Thunderstorm" has a special "Thunderstorm" style,the author comprehended another side of Fanyi's character from her relationship with Zhouping which are extreme self-importance and egoism.She is the pusher of the tragedy of "Thunderstorm".


The SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic is creating surges of COVID-19 hospitalizations and excess mortality. Watchful waiting and late-stage hospitalization have failed to resolve the crisis due to the complex and multifaceted pathophysiology of COVID-19 illness including viral mediated organ damage, cytokine storm, and thrombosis. Patients endure long untreated periods before succumbing to hospitalization and delayed treatment. Thus, early innovative, sequenced multidrug regimens have the best chance of success and are prudent as the next direction in randomized trials and advanced practice. Early management includes: 1) nutraceuticals, 2) combination anti-infective therapy, 3) corticosteroids, 4) antiplatelet agents/antithrombotics, 5) supportive care including supplemental oxygen, monitoring, and telemedicine. An immediate pivot from therapeutic nihilism to innovative sequenced multidrug regimens is required as the only strategy to reduce hospitalization and death in current acute cases of COVID-19.


The French Angora goat breeding program was based on animals imported at the beginning of the eighties mainly from North America, South Afric a, Australia and New Zealand. The whole selection program was based on these founders' animals and their offspring as no foreign animals were imported since then. The main selection objectives were to improve the quality and the quantity of the mohair produced. Th e genetic progress on the three traits selected by the program (fineness, fleece weight an d kemp medullation score) over the last decade were calculated. The genetic variability of the breed was also assessed by using its pedigree information, thanks to the PEDIG software (INRA). The pedigree depth can be considered to be good. Various indicators of geneti c variability were calculated, such as the effective number of founders and ancestors, average inbreeding and kinship and effective population size. The evolution of the various count ries of origin was also assessed and showed a clear selection of the North American genes. Based on the average genetic trends, the breeding program could be assessed as successfu l. One of its downside would be the rather narrow genetic basis of the breed, which cou ld also be explained by the small number of founders used at the start of the selection prog ram. In order to preserve the future of the breed, specific measures such as cryoconservation o f semen were decided.


The design of structurally efficient joints in aircraft fuselage structures and wing skin splices is addressed. It is contended that the joints should be designed first and the gaps in between filled in afterwards, taking pains not to optimize the basic structure first and then discover that it either cannot be assembled or that, when it is assembled, it is full of weak-link fuses. Both adhesively bonded and mechanically fastened joints are covered. Analogies are drawn between the characteristics of both classes of joints. The aspects of static joint strength and fatigue lives are included. The work is applicable to metallic as well as composite structures, and covers both high-load wing joints which have already been tested and new ideas for fuselage splices which have not. The effects of flaws and defects are associated with the need for damage tolerance, particularly in fuselage structures.


The rice borer is a key pest of rice. The objective of this study was to determine the species and spatial distribution of rice borer larva in Guangzhou by using aggregation intensity index and geostatistics. The results indicated that Chilo auricilius(Dudgeon) was the dominant specie of rice borer in Guangzhou at present. The rice borer larva spatial distribution showed an aggregation distribution at both tillering and heading stage,and their semivariograms were mostly fit to gaussian model. The low nugget /sill(0. 608) value revealed that space of self- relevant play a key role in spatial heterogeneity of rice borer larva at tillering stage,however,high nugget /sill( 1. 792) value revealed that random variation instead at heading stage. The isoclines maps of rice borer larva were created by the geostatistical software Surfer 8. 0 with Kriging interpolation,and those resulting maps gave a direct viewing on the spatial distributions at tillering and heading stage.


Abstract Abelian theorems for the H-transform of functions and generalized functions are obtained as the complex variable of the transform approaches zero or infinity in a wedge domain in the right half plane. Quasi-asymptotic behaviour (q.a.b.) of the H-transformable generalized functions is defined. A structure theorem for generalized functions possessing q.a.b. is proved and is applied to obtain the asymptotic behaviour of the H-transform of generalized functions having q.a.b. The theorems are illustrated by examples.


plural marriage. The following year, however, with federal pressure intensifying, Woodruff issued the famous Manifesto calling for an end to polygamy, opening the way for Utah statehood. The apocalyptic rhetoric of Woodruff and other church leaders in the buildup to 1890, their trenchant defense of polygamy, and the convergence of the time predicted by Joseph Smith for the Second Coming with the dramatic reversal on polygamy all make for an intriguing drama. In the end, Erickson never fully sorts out the coexistence of millennialist fervor with the sudden accommodation, but perhaps he has done the best that is possible with the evidence. At any rate, though Woodruff and others continued apocalyptic preaching in the next few years, the Manifesto and Utah statehood marked a major transition in the church's eschatological stance. Though the Latter-day Saints would continue to look forward to the Second Coming of Christ in the future, Erickson concludes that millennialism, along with polygamy, theocracy, and economic communitarianism, gave way to the need for survival, the quest for statehood, and accommodation. Erickson writes with admirable clarity and demonstrates command of a vast body of primary sources. He also engages the work of major scholars and theorists of millennialism. This is a rich contribution to understanding both of Mormon millennialism and of millennialism in America.


Academic literature argues that managers, with their resources and capabilities, constitute a source of competitive advantage for companies, even though cooperatives generally have difficulties attracting and retaining competent managers. The present study examines the special efforts made in the creation and development of cooperative managers via corporate training centres in the Mondragon Cooperative Group. The fieldwork that supports this research is a qualitative study based on a series of in-depth interviews to 12 people in charge of Mondragon's training structure. The empirical contrast carried out in this study confirms that Mondragon's cooperatives overcome the difficulties in attracting and retaining valuable managers that are common to other cooperatives, additionally confirming that Mondragon's management training policy, based on its corporate training centres, grants competitive advantages to the cooperatives in the attraction, development and retention of managers. 1 This is the first version of an article submitted to Economic and Industrial Democracy (i.e. the version before peer-review). The final version is available in Basterretxea, I. and Albizu, E. (2010) "Management training as a source of perceived competitive advantage: The Mondragon Cooperative Group case", Economic and Industrial Democracy, Published online before print October 25, doi: 10.1177/0143831X10377809 http://eid.sagepub.com/content/early/2010/10/16/0143831X10377809. This first version was also presented in the 2nd International CIRIEC Research Conference on the Social Economy that took place in 2009, 1-2 October, in Östersund, Sweden. http://socek.se/ciriec_research_2009 2 Imanol Basterretxea (Corresponding author): Tel.:+ 34 946013868. E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com. Postal address: Universidad del País Vasco. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Avda. Lehendakari Aguirre, no 83. 48015 Bilbao (Spain). Eneka Albizu: Tel.: +34 946013119. E-mail address: firstname.lastname@example.com. Postal address: Universidad del País Vasco. EU Relaciones Laborales. Bo Sarriena s/n. 48940 Leioa (Spain).


Abstract We construct the tableaux realization of generalized Verma modules over the Lie algebra $\text{sl(3,}\,\mathbb{C})$ . By the same procedure we construct and investigate the structure of a new family of generalized Verma modules over $\text{sl(}n,\,\mathbb{C}\text{)}$ .


Abstract The identification of stars in a Maunder minimum state purely from their chromospheric emission (for example in Ca II lines) has proven to be difficult. Photospheric contributions, metallicities and possible deviations from the main sequence stage may lead to very low values of the traditional chromospheric activity indicators, while no Maunder minimum state may be present. X-ray observations can be a key tool for identifying possible Maunder minimum stars: We have detected very soft X-ray emission from low-temperature coronal plasma, similar to emission from solar coronal holes, in several stars with very low chromospheric activity indicators. The coronal properties inferred from X-ray observations can therefore yield a crucial piece of information to verify Maunder minimum states in stars.


Chemical characteristics of polysaccharides from leaves of 17 bamboo species were investigated by acid hydrolysis,derivatization and GC analysis,and the contents of bamboo polysaccharides in different species were studied by sulfuric acid-anthrone method.The results indicated that bamboo polysaccharides in different species were mainly composed of: xylose 43.9%-65.5%,arabinose 11.7%-19.6%,glucose 7.2%-20.8%,galactose 7.7%-14.1% and unknown monosaccharide 5.0%-6.9%.The mass fraction of bamboo polysaccharides in different species was about 1.9%-5.7%,Shibataea chinensis Nakai had the hightest mass fraction of polysaccharides with 5.7%,and the lowest was Pleioblastus chian f.hisauchii with 1.9%.The mass fraction of polysacchrides over 4% from 17 species of bamboo leaves were screened out as follows: S.chinensis,Indocalamus pedalis(Keng) Keng f.,Bashania fargesii(E.G.Camus)Keng f.et Yi,Sasa argenteastriatus E.G.Camus,Phyllostachys edulis(Carr)A.et C.Riv,P.nidularia Munro,Sinobambusa tootsik(Sieb.)Makino and Neosinocalamus affinis(Rendle)Keng f.Because of the wide source and high quality,P.edulis(Carr)A.et C.Riv is the best raw material to extract polysaccharides.


In the process of data collaboration, the data source copyright, equity boundaries, and other issues must be ensured to ensure the data owner's income rights. The data on the blockchain are transaction data. After the data are verified, they are added to the block by the node that has the right to keep accounts. Once the data are added to the blockchain, they cannot be deleted or changed, and only authorized query operations can be performed. The transaction records on the blockchain are completely public, and the fund transactions between accounts can reflect a lot of valuable information, especially some special accounts track the IP of transaction users through methods such as address reuse, taint analysis, and cluster analysis. At the same time, a credit contribution certification mechanism is established to ensure that the contributions are directly proportional to the rewards, and finally, a credit mechanism for data fraud is established. This paper mainly analyzes the key systems of privacy protection through research data and blockchain. The research results show that different companies conduct the Pailler homomorphic encryption of data and use the secure multiparty calculation to obtain the results. The execution of the whole process is controlled by a specific intelligent contract, and the records of the execution process are stored in the blockchain. It can be seen that the blockchain-based data distribution system changes the traditional data distribution mode so that the data source and the data user can interact directly, which promotes the maintenance of the system's security and stability.


The musical Kismet opened on Broadway in 1953. This commercially successful play, translated into a film version released two years later, included some of Jack Cole's most widely viewed and popular choreography, which resulted in the exposure of Bharata Natyam to a mass audience through its incorporation into jazz dance. Cole's 'Hindu swing' continues to confound years later, even as Bharata Natyam has ever-increasing prominence in global theatre. This article considers how the form, in migration from Madras to Manhattan, was (and is) materialized and reinscribed, discussing how exoticism and Orientalism are implicated in the mechanisms of this transmogrification. Exploring Cole's involvement with 'Hindu' dance calls into question a range of issues related to the parallel histories of musical theatre dance in the mid-twentieth century, and classical Indian dance in the period of transition from colonial possession to postcolonial independence. We investigate the ways in which Indian culture in diaspora has been translated in our practice, and the ways in which the reception of dance reflects an 'invisibilization' of 'foreign' cultural practice in American popular culture. Collaborating on presenting our juxtaposed experience brings embodied reflection into dialogue with dance scholarship, while also exploring the intersection of these distinct and seemingly discrete dance practices.


The utility model discloses a scaffold connecting piece. The scaffold connecting piece comprises two fixing devices which are connected together and used for fixing a scaffold; each fixing device comprises a first fastener, a second fastener and a locking device, one end of each first fastener and one end of the corresponding second fastener are connected in pivot, the other end of each first fastener and the other end of the corresponding second fastener are fastened, through holes matched with the scaffold are formed after the first fasteners and the second fasteners are fastened, and after the scaffold is inserted in the through holes, the other ends of the first fasteners and the other ends of the second fasteners can be fixed in a fastened state through the locking devices. The first fasteners and the second fasteners are fixed through the locking devices, the locking devices are arranged in a wedge shape and can freely adjust the clamping strength on the scaffold, installation is simpler and rapider compared with installation in a bolt connection mode, and the installation strength can also meet requirements.


Nitric oxide (NO) dependent systems typically involve cGMP generation via NO activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase(sGC) as a step in vasodilation. We hypothesize that this mechanism participates in the vasodilation induced by increased local skin temperature (Tloc). We examined effects of a specific sGC inhibitor, ODQ, on increases in skin blood flow (SkBF) caused by increased Tloc. 3 intradermal microdialysis probes (MD) were inserted into forearm skin in 11 subjects. Skin blood flow was monitored by Laser‐Doppler Flowmetry (LDF). Local temperatures at the MD sites were controlled by specialized LDF probe‐holder/local‐heater units. The study began with perfusion of Ringer's at all sites, followed by 2%DMSO in Ringer's or 1mM ODQ dissolved in 2%DMSO/Ringer's at 2 separate MD sites. (Preliminary studies showed that 1mMODQ antagonized NO mediated vasodilation by sodium nitroprusside.) Ringer's was continuously perfused at the 3rd control site (CTR). In the protocol, Tloc was initially held at 34°C and then was raised to 41.5°C to cause local vasodilation. Finally, 58mM nitroprusside was perfused at all MD sites to cause maximal vasodilation for data normalization. Results: no SkBF differences were found between sites with Tloc=34°C (p>0.05 between sites). SkBF rose at all sites as Tloc was increased (p<0.05 vs Tloc=34C)). SkBF increase was attenuated at the ODQ treated site with Tloc=41.5°C (p<0.01 vs Ringer's or 2%DMSO sites). These data suggest that sGC activation participates in the vasodilation induced by increased local skin temperature. (supported by NIH Grant HL065599)


This article elaborates the present situation about college students'legal knowledge and ability.Students' characteristics and present legal questions in education are analyzed here.Unifying his real practice in law,the author made the analysis to legal education and countermeasure about colleges from law educational methods and legal educational ideas.


Voltage multipliers for the generation of high voltages (HV) are widely employed aboard space vehicles and new applications open-up. One is the drive of ionic motors. The characteristics of such loads, as well as those of many others, require special care to the dynamics and to robustness performances of the voltage supply. After recalling the dynamic characterization of the Cockroft-Walton (CW) cell as a linear three-port network in the small signal approximation, the n-cell chain is characterized and the possibility of reaching simplified expression of its transfer functions is put into evidence. The good accuracy of the model is supported by experimental results. The CW chain with identical capacitors in its cells is compared with the CW chain whose capacitor values are gradually decreased from the first to the last cell. Such an assignment has been used already for obtaining a minimization of the ripple. It is shown that it can improve the dynamic behavior too. Tables of the transfer functions for voltage gain, input admittance, output impedance and current gain are given for aiding the design of the voltage multipliers. The usefulness of the described modeling technique goes beyond the space applications.


In the present paper, we give explicit parametrization of all causal stabilizing repetitive controllers for single-input/single-output continuous time certain class of non-minimum phase systems. The parametrization of all causal stabilizing repetitive controllers was first studied by Hara and Yamamoto. Katoh and Funahashi give the parametrization for the class of all stabilizing repetitive controllers for minimum phase biproper plants by solving the Bezout equation explicitly. However, Katoh and Funahashi assumed the plant is asymptotically stable. Using parallel compensation technique, Yamada and Okuyama gave explicit parametrization of all repetitive controllers for minimum phase systems that is not necessarily stable. We expand the result by Yamada and Okuyama and give the parametrization of all causal stabilizing controllers for certain class of non-minimum phase systems. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


The purpose of the article is to give an accurate assessment of speed-strength and technique in dolphin style swimmers. Materials and methods: When searching for more advanced technical options that correspond to the age and physical fitness of an athlete, it is necessary to apply methods that would give a clear picture of the current trends and create an image of the future sports movement of the swimmer. The research is based on a methodology of forced external dynamic resistance. The results were obtained with the help of a unique device designed and manufactured by the department of physical education and sports and department of instrument engineering of the South Ural State University. The technique of forced external dynamic resistance was used. Simultaneously with the speed-strength data, underwater video was recorded in the frontal and sagittal planes. Computer processing of the material was used. Results: the work proves the effectiveness of the technique of forced external


Using a duality approach we give an example of modeling nonlocal and mixed condensates whose behavior mimics that of QCD. Quantitatively, the estimated value of the condensate parameter m{sub 0}{sup 2} is approximately 0.6-0.7 GeV{sup 2}.


Objective:To study curative effect and mechanism of Breviscapin in treating acute cerebral infarction from oxygen free radical and apolipoprote.Methods:78 cases of acute cerebral infarction were divided randomly into two groups,40 cases were given venoclysis Breviscapin for 2 weeks and were compared with 38 control patients which were given Mailuoning.The effect of Breviscapin in treating acute cerebral infarction was observed.The serum level of lipoperoxide(LPO)and superoxide dismutase(SOD) was measured with colorimetry and that of apolipoprotein A 1(apo A 1) and apo B 100 was measured with single immuno-diffusion method.Results:In Breviscapin group the serum level of LPO and apo B 100 were lowered remarkably,the serum level of SOD and apo A 1 were elevated significantly ( P0.01 or P0.05 ) comparing with the control group.The total effetive rate was 85% in Breviscapin group.And the difference was significant compared with the control group ( P0.01 ).Conclusion:Breviscapin had a good effect on removing the oxygen free radicals,reducing the injury of LPO and regulating the apolipoprotein metabolism in the patients with acute cerebral infarction.Therefore Breviscapin is an effective traditional Chinese medicine remedy for acute cerebral infarction.\;


Seeds of a spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. 'Condor') were vernalized and then grown at 19°C in two naturally-lit environments, one with a moderate (12 h) and the other with long (18 h) photoperiod. Treatments consisted of transfers of plants from the moderate to the long photoperiod chamber on different occasions, or for periods of different durations. The main objectives were to determine whether wheat development responds to current and previous photoperiodic environments and whether there is a juvenile phase when the plants are insensitive to photoperiod. Plants under constant 18 h photoperiod had fewer leaves which appeared faster than those under constant 12 h photoperiod (i.e. phyllochron was increased from 4.4 to 5.1 d leaf -1 ). Plants transferred from 12 h to 18 h photoperiod at terminal spikelet appearance (TSA) reached anthesis 4 d earlier than plants retained at 12 h, while plants under continuous long photoperiod (18 h) completed this phase most rapidly. Thus, there was some evidence for a historic effect of photoperiod on development. Exposure to long photoperiod during the first 5 d after plant emergence accelerated the rate of development towards anthesis, suggesting that there was no juvenile period of photoperiodic insensitivity. There were, however, changes during ontogeny in the degree of sensitivity to long photoperiod, increasing from seedling emergence to a maximum c. 15 d later, and then decreasing again. Although all treatments were imposed before TSA, the response was not limited to the pre-TSA phase, suggesting that well before the terminal spikelet appeared, the plant was already committed to the initiation of this spikelet. Spikelet number decreased with delayed transfer to long photoperiod with a minimum for plants transferred to long days from 16-20 d after seedling emergence. Additionally, there was a trend for an increase in the rate of leaf appearance (decrease in phyllochron) when the plants were exposed to long days between 10 and 35 d after seedling emergence. Although the differences were small, when considered in conjunction with the effects on final leaf number they become important in explaining differences in time to anthesis.


The in-vitro effects of Captopril an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor were studied on TAME-esterase, a component of the Kinin-Kallikrein system, induced contractions on rat aorta strips. Our results showed that contractile responses induced by TAME (EC50 6 x 10 M) were significantly attenuated when the aorta strips were pre-incubated with 1M Captopril (EC50 1.8 x10M). Based on our data we concluded that TAME-esterase induced contractions involve degradation of kinins by kinases.


Rikrik Hidayati Agustin. Aboveground Biomass Estimation Using Landsat 8 Image in Cerenti Sector, Working Area of PT RAPP. Supervised by MUHAMMAD BUCE SALEH Landsat 8 is a satellite which can be used to monitor natural resources, including biomass content. Landsat 8 carries Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensor which includes 9 bands and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) which provides two thermal bands. This research aims to establish relationships between measurements and remote sensing indices by the form of regression model and map aboveground biomass based on chosen model. Biomass calculation were performed using allometric equation. Best model was selected based on/by F-test parameter, adjusted coefficient of determination (R-adj) value, and RMSE value. Result showed that selected model was exponential model (Y= 0.074273578 x e Band 1 0.000518 Band 6 4.22 ) with R and R-adj 82.97% and 80.93%, respectively, which served as basis for mapping aboveground biomass. Highest overall accuracy and kappa accuracy value (86.27% and 86.11% respectively) was acquired by 6-classes biomass map.


The goal of this study was to investigate the state of commercial UV LED products in the 2021 timeframe from the standpoint of initial performance and long-term reliability. In performing this work, 14 different UV LED products, covering the UV-A and UV-C bands, were studied. The initial performance of populations of each product was measured using spectroradiometry and current-voltage (I-V) profiles. Then, the samples were operated at room temperature for up to 3,000 hours, and the performance degradation was followed using spectroradiometry and I-V measurements. In examining the lifetime performance of the UV LEDs, three primary mechanisms of aging were uncovered, and the occurrence of each depended greatly on the UV band and the LED manufacturer. Abrupt failure of the UV LEDs was only observed in specific AlGaN products. The second failure mechanism was the growth of a parasitic diode in parallel with the light-emitting device, and this mechanism, which occurred for products across both bands, resulted in significant reductions in radiant flux. The third aging mechanism identified in this work is package degradation caused by exposure to the UV radiation. This effect is especially pronounced in the UV-A band, which tended to use electronics package materials similar to those of white LEDs. This paper will discuss the evidence of these three degradation mechanisms and their impact on the long-term performance of UV LEDs.


The Portland Harbor Superfund Site (PHSS), contaminated by more than 100 years of agricultural, urban, wartime, industrial, combined sewer overflow, and storm water inputs, encompasses about 10 miles of the Willamette River in downtown Portland, Oregon. This site affects residents, businesses, tribes, recreation and wildlife; there is considerable contention over remedial options. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released a proposed plan for the Site on June 8, 2016. Although the plan addresses trade-offs in option selection, inviting public comment, this analysis is qualitative, and sustainability is only invoked as the application of best management practices after option selection. However, regulatory decisions should consider affected communities' needs, and how these might be impacted; this requires that diverse stakeholders are able to engage in a transparent consideration of value trade-offs and of the distribution of risks and benefits of remedial actions and outcomes. The PHSP assessed the sustainability of a range of remedial options, including the EPA's preferred option. The Sustainable Values Assessment (SVA) tool was developed to link environmental quality, economic viability and social equity metrics to a range of stakeholder values; metrics were scored and aggregated and options were ranked in terms of stakeholder group (SG) priorities.


Objective To compare the accuracy of SRKⅡformula and the third theoretical formula by analysing patients with different axis oculi detected by intraocular lens(IOL) Master. Methods The parameters of eyes of 121 patients(135 eyes) with age-related cataracts were measured by IOLMaster preoperatively.IOL power was calculated according to SRK-Ⅱ,SRK-T,Haigis,Holladay and HofferQ formula respectively.All patients were divided into three groups,the short ocular axis group(L≤22 mm),the normal axis group(22 mmL≤26 mm) and the long axis group(L26 mm).The mean absolute refractive error of patients with different axis were compared according to the accurate refraction 3 months after operation. Results There were significant differences between SRK-Ⅱ and SRK-T,Haigis formula,and there was no difference between SRK-Ⅱ and Holladay,HofferQ formula in long axis group.There was no significant difference among all the formulas in normal axis and short axis group. Conclusions SRK-Ⅱ formula is as accurate as the third theoretical formula for patients with normal axis.However,the SRK-Ⅱ formula performed with less accuracy than SRK-T,Haigis formula in patients with long axis.It suggests that patients with long axis should use the third theoretical formula.


Mobile and Wireless dissemination of information is becoming big business and also becoming critical in the public places because of the convenience the system affords. This technology is useful in advertisements, stock market information dissemination and so on. Information has lifespan; therefore opportunities are wasted daily as a result of lack of timely dissemination of information and the convectional system of disseminating notices, of advertising to the general public or changing and managing information from time-to-time is a difficult and cumbersome process. There is therefore a need to develop a system that can be used to disseminate information on time anywhere the user is. A prototype of the system has been developed in the computer science department, Federal University of Technology Akure. The prototype aims at using microcontroller and Smartphone to wirelessly send information to a digital display board using GSM Technology. The hardware board at the heart of the system contains ATMEGA 328P microcontroller. The microcontroller is interfaced with GSM Modem via MAX232 level converter which is used to convert RS232voltage levels to TTL voltage levels and vice versa. A 16x2 Character LCD display and alphanumeric panel is attached to microcontroller for display. Microcontroller coding is done using Embedded C and MicroC software package. A test case carried out on the prototype developed performs excellently. GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 4, April 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 461 GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com INTRODUCTION Wireless communication has become more popular in the digital world today. Man wants to make virtually everything automated. This remote control of appliances is possible through an Embedded Systems. An embedded system is a combination of hardware and software to perform a specific function. The value of timely information is quite enormous Notice Board is a primary device in any institution, organization or public utility places like bus stations, railway stations and parks to display any text information. In this paper, the convectional system of disseminating notices, of advertising to the general public or changing and managing information from time-to-time is a difficult and cumbersome process. Hence, advance wireless digital notice board system is proposed to display SMS messages in LCD connected to microcontroller using GSM facilities. This paper majorly focuses on transmission of textual data wirelessly by the use of GSM via asynchronous serial communication to a notice board where everyone can read the message. RELATED WORKS Adedayo (2016) worked on a mobile application system for controlling home appliances remotely via microcontroller. This can be used as a replacement of the existing switches in home which produces sparks and also results in fire accidents in few situations. So by considering the advantages of Wi-Fi, a Wi-Fi based automation system is the best to control the appliances in the house. The objective of this system is to design a cost effective, reliable and usable mobile application system for controlling domestic appliances remotely via microcontroller. So after setting up the development environment, the result of the above is implemented by designing the interface, that is, a website through which access to the microcontroller via Wi-Fi technology is achieved. This system can only be used to control home appliances remotely. Ogunruku (2009) developed a digital billboard for textual information written in the board memory. It is also observed that the convectional system of advertisement is seen to have some shortcomings and therefore motivated the design of the system. For instance a billboard once designed cannot be rewritten unless redesigned. Also it was observed that 94% of people passing digital billboards can recall them while only 43% recall static, non-dynamic, billboards. Digital billboard advertising is proven to be six times more effective over static billboard advertising. It is also observed that, there is no need to pay for expensive printing, painting, shipping or the general application costs associated with traditional billboard advertising. Digital displays can provide a seamless and costless transaction of your messages to the LED sign format; it can adapt any artwork or existing advertisement for digital exposure. The aim of the project is to develop a suitable digital billboard, which is interactive and eye catching to replace the existing convectional billboards. The requirements for this research are in two folds, the hardware assembling and the microcontroller programming. The hardware requirements specify the type of electronic devices to be used while programming the integrated circuit (IC) simply gives the suitable programming language. The limitation of this system is that it is hard to change the text to another text for display. Adamu (2014) presented Design and Implementation of a GSM-Based Scrolling Message Display Board was presented. Prior to the invention of microcontrollers and GSM MODEMs, a scrolling message display will only display the message loaded into its memory compartment and cannot or may never be modified except by totally rebuilding the system. In more recent times (after microcontrollers and GSM MODEMs had emerged) an authentic wireless communication could easily be developed between a mobile phone and a microcontroller using a GSM MODEM. The first objective is to enhance easy and quick dissemination of information to the general public. The other objective is to avoid wastage of material resources like papers for posting message on a conventional notice board. The main aim of this research will be to design a Short Message Service (SMS) driven automatic display notice board which can serve as a substitute for currently used programmable display board. It is proposed to design a receiver (GSM MODEM) display board which can be programmed from a dedicated mobile phone. The message that is desired to be displayed is sent through an SMS from a dedicated transmitter (mobile phone). The microcontroller receives the SMS from the authorized transmitter, validates the sending Mobile Identification Number (MIN) and displays the desired information on an LED array which serves as the display board started off as an instantaneous news display unit. Sampath Kumar (2016) presented GSM Based Wireless Electronic Notice Board Display using ARM7 and LED. In a normal digital display board, if the message that is presently being displayed has got to be modified or changed, a personal computer (PC) or laptop computer has to be directly connected to the display (usually Crystal Display) and then a new message could be installed to the display board. These cumbersome processes can be totally eliminated by devising an alternative means of updating the message that would be displayed. Hence the need for a GSM based notice board.GSM technology aims to reduce the cumbersomeness in sending a message by using SMS (Short Message Service) technology. This technology can be put to use in public areas such as supermarkets hospitals, schools, multiplexes and buildings to enhance the security system and to spread awareness in an emergency. The project mainly focuses on transmission of textual data wirelessly by the use of GSM through Asynchronous Serial Communication. The data will be processed by the microcontroller on both ends. The data will be displayed on LED only after entering a GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 4, April 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 462 GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com password. In addition to that address matching is done and data can be received only by the dedicated receiver. In this project it not only sends the data but send the data with password also, which enables us to prevent the unauthorized use of LED display board and only the person who has a password can have access to LED board. Edget (2012) presented a Personal Computer controlled scrolling message display for college notice board. The research is motivated by the need to change a conventional notice board in colleges to a PC based scrolling message display board using parallel communication. One of the objectives is to enhance easy and quick dissemination of information to the general public. The other is to avoid wastage of material resources like papers for posting message on a conventional notice board. The PC is interfaced to microcontroller through MAX232 IC. An external memory is used to store the information. The information sent through the PC is displayed on an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) interfaced with the microcontroller. This project is based on microcontroller from 8051 family. Embedded C language is used to program this microcontroller. The power supply consists of a step down transformer 220/12V, which steps down the voltage to 12V AC. This is converted to DC using a full-wave Bridge rectifier. The ripples are removed using a capacitive filter and it is then regulated to +5V using a voltage regulator 7805 which is required for the operation of the microcontroller and other components. THE PROPOSED WIRELESS DIGITAL NOTICE BOARD The control system consists of a hardware module and an application program for microcontroller unit developed in mikroC software package. The hardware module comprises of input stage, the display and the power supply unit. This discusses the stages involved in the design and construction of the hardware, the writing of the program and the 'burning' process. This system is basically divided into two part (i) Transmitter (ii) Receiver. Mobile phone acts as transmitter which is used to send SMS to the receiver part. Receiver part consists of GSM Modem, Microcontroller, MAX232, Buzzer, 16x2 LCD and Alphanumeric Display. In this paper LCD is interface with port A of controller, Alphanumeric Panel is interface with port C of the controller while buzzer, MAX232 and GSM modem are interfaced with port C of the controller. GSM modem op


This paper deals with the radio over fiber system which is novel technique for millimeter wave transmission using optical fiber. An analytical expression is found to generate and distribute millimeter wave signals using an optical dual electrode mach-zehnder modulator.It is found that the oddorder electrical harmonics are cancelled and even-order electrical harmonics are generated at the output of a photodetector. The analytical expression is verified by simulations and simulation results oriented to measure the performance of Radio over fiber system.


The search and detection of extra-solar planets (exoplanets) have considerably improved over the past few decades. The launch of space observatories dedicated to exoplanets such as the Kepler mission and the wealth of publicly available data call for the development of efficient search methods. Here we present a search technique with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to detect true exoplanets signals from Kepler data and filter out false ones using the optimal Box-fitting Least Squares (BLS) algorithm. The algorithm is used to detect transiting exoplanets from their light curves through searching for periodic flux variability of the host star. We present the results of the search to some Kepler catalog objects.


The necessity and feasibility of bilingual teaching on the computer specialty education was proposed in this paper.Combine with two years practice on bilingualism teaching in course(The C programming design)at Guangxi Teacher University,the paper summarized the key point and the difficulty of carrying out the bilingualism teaching at normal college,meanwhile the some experiences of bilingualism teaching on computer specialty were presented.


One hundred one day day old broiler chickens were fed balanced rations ad libitum with free access to water. At 3 weeks in this study. 10 birds as a random samples were scarified for postmortem and bacteriological examination to detect Pasteurella and to serum plate agglutination test (SPA) to prove that free from Mycoplasma gallisipticum. Other birds were randomly divided into three groups of 30 chickens each. The first group was a control. The second and third groups administered tilmicosin in drinking water at concentrations of 30 and 60 mg/kg bw for 5 days. Six chickens of each group, three males and three females, were slaughtered on days 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after dosing. The results reveled significant increase in lymphocytes transformation test (LTT) in high dose administration of tilimicosin at the end of experiment. High dose of tilmicosin (H1,H2) caused decrease albumin levels and ɣ globulin. The result revealed no significant changes in serum creatinine in all period of experiment. Alanine amino transferrase (ALT) showed significant increase in groups treated with low and high dose in all period of experiment. Aspartate amino transeferrase (AST) showed non significant changes on group treated with low dose but high dose treated group revealed significant increase in 1 st and 2 nd periods only and return to normal level in the 3 rd period. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) revealed significant increase in group treated with high dose in all period of experiment. The residue levels in both doses were significantly higher in liver than kidney or muscle at 3, 7, 14 day post treatment and not detected at 21 day post treatment in all examined samples including liver. The results indicated that tilmicosin residue was eliminated from muscle very quickly, but from liver very slowly. The minimum withdrawal time of 7 days for low dose and 14 days for high dose. The chromatograms obtained with this method was validated with limit of tilmicosin detection 10µg/kg.


The purpose of this study is to understand the distribution of the exotic earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus in northern Taiwan and its potential impacts on soil and native earthworm populations. The exotic earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus has widely disturbed in the plains and mountains with elevation less than 400m in Northern Taiwan. Their highest limitation is about 900m. It is the dominant species of earthworms. Besides, P. corethrurus is the only earthworm species in 8% sampling spot. Due to their high population density and high reproductive capacity, it is reasonable to infer that P. corethrurus can easily compete with native species. They might threaten other earthworm species by squeezing their survival space. In addition, P. corethrurus has been reported that its cast can harden the surface of soil. And our observation found that it is hard to grow any weed in the area with high population of P. corethrurus. Therefore, it cannot be ignored the influence of this species to the soil environment. On the other hand, based on the known information and our investigation, we estimated that P. corethrurus was introduced into Taiwan in less than 50 years. However, they have widely spread all over Taiwan. It is necessary to realize their great migration ability, which will be important information to control exotic earthworms in the future.


Under increasing pressures to teach an explosion of information, residency training programs need to look for effective and efficient ways to convey information. Utilizing films lends itself well to teaching about development and psychotherapy and has the advantage of being enjoyable to faculty and residents. In this article, the authors examine the film The Breakfast Club as a vehicle for teaching about multiple aspects of adolescent development, analyzing specific scenes of the film and their corresponding developmental themes.


In the last three years, a number of researchers have succeeded in making polymers which exhibit the photorefractive effect.1-4 These polymers have numerous potential applications in integrated optics, optical processing, optical data storage, optical computing, communications, image processing, optical switching, thresholding, laser resonators, simulation of neural networks, and studies of nonlinear dynamics. Elements of these applications have been implemented in the laboratory using high-performance photorefractive crystals. However, the cost of crystal growth and preparation has been a primary impediment to commercial application of crystal photorefractive devices. Photorefractive polymers, on the other hand, have very low production cost and will be particularly suitable for formation of waveguide devices for use in, e.g., integrated optics. The photorefractive performance of the polymers must be greatly improved, to meet or exceed the performance of available crystals.


Preface: Lipsker, D. Jaulhac, B. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato Diversity and Its Influence on Pathogenicity in Humans: Baranton, G. De Martino, S.J. Life Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Transmission to Humans: Gern, L. Epidemiology of Lyme Borreliosis: Hubalek, Z. Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis: Strle, F. Stanek, G. Treatment and Prevention of Lyme Disease: Hansmann, Y. Other Tick-Borne Diseases in Europe: Bitam, I. Raoult, D. Frequently Asked Questions about Lyme Borreliosis What Should One Do in Case of a Tick Bite?: Aberer, E. When Is the Best Time to Order a Western Blot and How Should It be Interpreted?: Hunfeld, K.-P. Kraiczy, P. 180 Is Serological Follow-Up Useful for Patients with Cutaneous Lyme Borreliosis?: Mullegger, R.R. Glatz, M. How Do I Manage Tick Bites and Lyme Borreliosis in Pregnant Women?: Maraspin, V. Strle, F. What Should Be Done in Case of Persistent Symptoms after Adequate Antibiotic Treatment for Lyme Disease?: Puechal, X. Sibilia, J. What Are the Indications for Lumbar Puncture in Patients with Lyme Disease?: Rupprecht, T.A. Pfister, H.-W. Author Index Subject Index.


This study re-examines historical change in western Africa during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries through the lens of cotton textiles; that is by focusing on the production, exchange and consumption of cotton cloth, including the evolution of clothing practices, through which the region interacted with other parts of the world. It advances a recent scholarly emphasis to re-assert the centrality of African societies to the history of the early modern trade diasporas that shaped developments around the Atlantic Ocean. However, this study argues that Atlantic exchanges in western Africa relied significantly upon Indian Ocean and trans-Saharan commercial networks as well. By analyzing a wide range of European travel accounts, commercial records and correspondence, visual images, maps, and oral narratives, this study breaks with well-rehearsed Atlantic conceptual frameworks for this period of African history to instead emphasize the global historical context in which Africans made decisions that impacted their communities and the larger world. The geographic focus of this study covers a large part of western Africa: from the Sahara desert in the north, northeast to the Niger bend, southeast to coastal Sierra Leone and west to the Senegal river valley and Atlantic coast. Its main findings emphasize the diversity of western African engagements with global commerce via textile production and consumption across time and space. In a comparison of two African-imposed trade embargoes on Europeans, it suggests that conflicts over slave trading did not extend to the arena of textile exchanges as African consumption of imported textiles grew throughout the period. The study suggests the importance of changing environmental and political alliances to patterns of consumption and has highlighted the centrality women's indigo cloth dyeing as the


We investigate numerically the modification of surface-plasmon assisted optical force on a gold nanorod pair by incorporating dielectric interlayer. The frequency dependent electromagnetic forces are obtained through full-vectorial solution of Maxwell equations with a finite element solver. We obtain the common and relative electromagnetic force experienced by the nanorods with dielectric interlayers of different permittivity or thickness. In particular, we demonstrate that the use of a liquid crystal interlayer can be utilized as a dynamic tuning mechanism for the reversal of the direction of the relative force.


The FDA approved the use of bromocriptine (Cycloset) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Bromocriptine is the first medication to be approved since the FDA passed new guidelines that require studies of diabetes treatment to demonstrate that these agents do not increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Bromocriptine has been used for almost 30 years to treat Parkinson disease under the brand name Parlodel. Other therapeutic benefits of this medication have been seen in the treatment of prolactinomas, acromegaly, infertility, and postpartum lactation. Studies have been conducted to determine if bromocriptine can benefit patients with diabetes who have failed metformin plus sulfonylurea therapy. Type 2 diabetes has a number of hallmark features associated with it including elevated glucose concentrations (both fasting and postprandial levels) caused by an increase in endogenous glucose production, a decrease in insulinmediated muscle glucose removal, and a decrease in endogenous glucose release, along with a decrease in pancreatic insulin secretion. One of the most common risk factors for type 2 diabetes is obesity. Obese patients have a greater chance of impaired suppression of endogenous glucose production and a reduction in insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Between 60% and 80% of patients with type 2 diabetes are obese. Studies have shown that the link between the circadian rhythm and the development of fat stores and insulin sensitivity. The circadian neu-


Glucocorticoids and asparaginase, used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), can cause hypertriglyceridemia. We compared triglyceride levels, risk factors, and associated toxicities in two ALL trials at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital with identical glucocorticoid regimens, but different asparaginase formulations. In Total XV (TXV), native Escherichia coli l‐asparaginase was front‐line therapy versus the pegylated formulation (PEG‐asparaginase) in Total XVI (TXVI).


In Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Lewis Carroll creates a subversive fantasy of females seeking autonomy and independence by means of the fantastic mode. The female characters in the underground include the Duchess, the Cook, the Queen of Red Hearts and Alice. They all display clear features which are atypical of the popular ideal woman image of the Victorian society---"the angel in the house", like obedience, self-sacrifice, passiveness and gentleness. On the contrary, those adult females show madness and violence in their separate roles, while Alice the little girl displays autonomy, independence and aggression in her fantasy quest. By subverting the ideal woman image, Carroll gives expression to the repressed feelings of the woman in his society.


Calls from 14 species of bat were classified to genus and species using discriminant function analysis (DFA), support vector machines (SVM) and ensembles of neural networks (ENN). Both SVMs and ENNs outperformed DFA for every species while ENNs (mean identification rate – 97%) consistently outperformed SVMs (mean identification rate – 87%). Correct classification rates produced by the ENNs varied from 91% to 100%; calls from six species were correctly identified with 100% accuracy. Calls from the five species of Myotis, a genus whose species are considered difficult to distinguish acoustically, had correct identification rates that varied from 91 – 100%. Five parameters were most important for classifying calls correctly while seven others contributed little to classification performance.


Objective To explore the CT characterizations of the chronic inflammation of nasopharynx.Methods CT manifestations of 27 cases chronic inflammation of nasopharynx confirmed by pathology were analyzed respectively.Results The main CT features of the chronic inflammation of nasopharynx were as follow:(1) Permeable or localized incrassation of nasopharyngeal wall,growing mainly to the surface of mucosa and nasal cavity.(2) Shallow infundibuliform recess,the parapharyngeal spaces and the nasopharynx raphe compression.Conclusion CT is a valuable method to diagnose the chronic inflammation of nasopharynx.


Double infant burials in unusually high numbers occurred at Khok Phanom Di during a phase associated with immigration and some evidence of early agricultural practices. A study of their stratigraphic context and relative ages led to the interpretation that these were twins. Through an exploration of the medical and anthropological literature of twins, and in conjunction with their mortuary context, the authors conclude that these babies died of natural causes at, or soon after, birth.


Image processing method that detects a particular moving object from an image by a fixed camera and tracking is noticed in various fields and it is a very important subject. In this paper, we propose a moving object tracking method that can cope with change of the area accompany the random walk movement of the moving object oneself and change of the brightness arise from change of the environmental such as a masking or change of the illumination. Proposal method can be robust processing for change of the illumination based on Orientation Code Matching that is demonstrated that is robust for the masking or change of the illumination. And, using Motion Vector derived from a continuity of the random walk model motion, under the condition that there are similar walk models, it can discriminate the walk model and individually tracking. Through the some experiment, this paper inspects the effectiveness of our proposed method.


Heterogeneous photo-Fenton technology has been widely employed to degrade organic dyes in wasterwater. In the present study, a composite consisting of normal spinel structure ZnFe2O4 nanoparticle and two-dimensional sheet of g-C3N4 was facilely synthesized. Different characterization technologies, such as XRD, XPS and VSM, were employed to demonstrate the normal spinel structure ZnFe2O4 formation. The composite shows higher catalytic activity for degradation of methylene blue (MB) than mixed spinel structure ZnFe2O4/g-C3N4. Simultaneously, the composite exhibits excellent stability and reusability.


The nonsingular H-matrices play an important role in the study of the matrix theory and the iterative method of systems of linear equations, etc. It has always been searched how to verify nonsingular H-matrices. In this paper, nonsingular H-matrices is studies by applying diagonally dominant matrices, irreducible diagonally dominant matrices and comparison matrices and several practical criteria for identifying nonsingular H-matrices are obtained.


Substituting manual operation with automatic control technology in the process of papermaking effluent treatment with integrated reactor is put forward and a papermaking effluent automatic control system has been set up on this basis. With industrial control computer as the upper computer and PLC the lower one and complemented with relevant monitoring instruments and collection modules, through the adminis- tration of configuration software MCGS and linkage of BP network prediction control model, the system can finish automatic control for papermaking effluent treatment under the laboratory condition and provide an approach for further studies on the automatic control in paper-making effluent treatment.


On 1 July 1997, the United Kingdom officially handed over the territory of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China. This event had a symbolic meaning. It marked the end of a stage in China's history which began in the middle of the 19th century and was described as a time of humiliation. Hong Kong was supposed to be an example of practical implementation of Deng Xiaoping's political concept of "one country, two systems", which assumed the possibility of functioning of different economic and political systems in one country. Despite the passage of time, questions remain as to what China's attitude to the regained territory will be; to what extent the provisions of the 1984 agreement signed between the governments of the People's Republic of China and the United Kingdom and the 1990 Basic Law for the region will be respected by China, and thus what the political, economic and social situation in Hong Kong will look like until its complete reintegration, i.e., by 2047, and what the future of Hong Kong will be.


Organizational knowledge is of important value for the organization and a significant part belongs to the organization through it employees. In order to make knowledge available for future use, different codification strategies can be applied. However, codification doesn't often happen by itself and neither does the dissemination of the knowledge, in fact most of the time individuals are needed in order to make this happen. The paper aims to argue that several roles need to be current for successful knowledge reuse. This paper focuses especially on the role as knowledge disseminator. This paper is based on literature review and illustrated with a case within a automotive company. The paper proposes that different knowledge roles need to be concerned and analyzed to identify interruptions in the knowledge flow in order to effectively reuse current knowledge.


A two-phase-flow turbine with two stages of axial-flow impulse rotors was tested with three different working-fluid mixtures at a shaft power of 30 kW. The turbine efficiency was 0.55 with nitrogen-and-water of 0.02 quality and 94 m/s velocity, 0.57 with Refrigerant 22 of 0.27 quality and 123 m/s velocity, and 0.30 with steam-and-water of 0.27 quality and 457 m/s velocity. The efficiencies with nitrogen-and-water and Refrigerant 22 were 86% of theoretical. At that fraction of theoretical, the efficiencies of optimized two-phase turbines would be in the low 60% range with organic working fluids and in the mid 50% range with steam-and-water. The recommended turbine design is a two-stage axial-flow impulse turbine followed by a rotary separator for discharge of separate liquid and gas streams and recovery of liquid pressure.


Objectives To investigate the mechanism of integron mediated resistance and multidrug-resistance in P.aeruginosa.Methods The variable region of integron was amplified by integron PCR.Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)and DNA sequencing were used to investigate the resistance genes in the variable region of integron.Results Of the 98 strains 35(35.7%)were the variable region positive,and size of the amplicons ranged from 1.0 kb to 4.0 kb.A total of 6 different cassette arrays were detected,including genes coding resistance to aminoglycosides,β-lactam compounds and sulfanilamides.Of the 5 cassette arrays 3 were novel,including aadA6-orfD,aadB-blaP1 and aadB-aac6-Ⅱ-blaCARB-8,and the Genbank numbers were DQ 091179,DQ 141316 and DQ 288251 respectively.Conclusions Integron mediates the resistance and multidrug resistance in P.aeruginosa.The majority of the genes located in integrons are those coding resistance to aminoglycosides.Three strains of class I integron with novel cassette arrays are reported.


The invention relates to a clamp, specifically to a clamp for shear test of an aerial metal material and application thereof. According to a technical scheme in the invention, the clamp comprises an upper clamp and a lower clamp; the upper clamp is provided with a sample placing groove I and upper shearing knife edges, wherein the sample placing groove I is arranged at the center of the lower end surface of the upper clamp and the upper shearing knife edges are arranged at two ends of the sample placing groove I; and the lower clamp comprises a pedestal and a support, wherein the support is arranged on the pedestal and is provided with a sample placing groove II, a lower shearing knife edge, a shearing chamber and a sample withdrawing chamber, the sample placing groove II and the shearing chamber are arranged at the upper part of the support to form a cross, the lower shearing knife edge is arranged at the intersection of the sample placing groove II and the shearing chamber, and the sample withdrawing chamber is arranged below the shearing chamber. The clamp provided by the invention can realize shear test of large-size fasteners, wire rods and small bars at room temperature and high temperature, perfects shear test methods for metal materials, enables accurate test data of shear behavior to be obtained, and fills a blank in detection.


The memory required for the implementation of the 2D wavelet transform typically incurs relatively high power consumption and limits the speed performances. In this paper we propose an optimized ar...


The invention relates to a method for preparing stable oil-in-water emulsion with high oil phase content and the emulsion prepared and the application thereof. The emulsion prepared thereof has high oil phase content and can be widely used for personal care and make-up products. The oil-in-water emulsion has milky white efflorescent appearance or can be changed into the transparent gelatinous appearance and can release skin moistening oil rapidly when applied to have diversified actions of color make-up removal, massage or moisture preservation and the like and also can replace the baby oil for use.


[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of long-term fertilization on the content of dissolved organic carbon in rice rhizosphere soil.[Method] Filed experiment with different fertilization systems was conducted to study the change of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in rice rhizosphere soil.[Result] Compared with non-rhizosphere soil,DOC content in rhizosphere soil reduced at tillering stage,increased at heading stage,decreased at grain-filling stage and increased at maturity stage.Besides,comparing with the transplanting stage of rice,the content of DOC in rice harvest time was increased markedly.[Conclusion] Growing crops was beneficial to keep and raise the quality of soil organic carbon pool.


Silicate bioglass-ceramics with incorporation of small TiO2 and MgO were prepared using an appropriate two-step heat treatment for controlled crystallization defined by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Identification and quantification of crystalline phases precipitated from the silicate glasses were done by X-ray diffraction. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples showed the presence of sodium calcium silicate Na2Ca2Si3O9 as the main crystalline phase. The evolution of the XRD peaks with the addition of MgO and TiO2 showed the formation of a new crystalline calcium phosphate phase, Ca4P2O9. Investigation of in vitro bioactivity of the prepared glass-ceramics was done by the infrared reflection spectra of the samples after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for different periods at 37°C. The results showed that an apatite layer was formed on the surface of the sample containing MgO while samples containing TiO2 did not form the apatite layer.


Recently,series of breakthroughs for gold and copper exploration have been made in the Western Junggar,Xinjiang.However,the new copper deposit in the Xiemisitai Mountain has not been reported so far.We study the geology and mineralization in the Xiemisitai Mountain and discovered S24 copper ore spot.Our detailed mapping indicates that the mineralization in the ore spot is controlled by a caldera fracture systems superimposed by the EW-striking regional faults.The geochemical investigation discovered the three mineralization bodies and the geophysical investigation detected the resistivity anomalies with a vertical extension to 400 m in the depth.Porphyry copper mineralization may occur in the depth of the caldera.One test hole(350 m depth) demonstrates the presence of copper mineralization bodies.About 5 × 104 tonnes copper is contained in Xiemisitai volcanic rocks.Based on these,we considere the S24 copper ore spot as a small copper deposit and name it as the Xiemisitai copper deposit.Ore-bearing volcanic activity occurred at(422.5±1.9) Ma based on U-Pb analyses of zircons from the rhyolite.The Xiemisitai copper deposit is a volcanic copper deposit formed in the Early Paleozoic in the Western Junggar.The newly-discovery Xiemisitai copper deposit has a great significance for regional research and prospecting.


Key Points Question Is optimizing acute stroke emergency department care coupled with a community stroke preparedness intervention associated with increased thrombolysis treatment rates in a predominantly Black community? Findings In this nonrandomized controlled trial of the Stroke Ready intervention, which involved 5970 adults, optimizing emergency department care was associated with an increase in stroke thrombolysis treatment rates over time in the community. Meaning These findings suggest that implementation science strategies in low-resource hospitals may be a good way to increase stroke thrombolysis treatments and promote health equity.


ABSTRACT. The house‐entering behaviour of nocturnal mosquitoes was studied in The Gambia. Mosquitoes were captured as they attacked man in the open and in experimental huts which comprised 1.8 m cube frames with corrugated iron roofs and plywood walls of various heights. Catches of all species were similar in the open and in a roofed, but unwalled, hut frame. The mosquitoes taken in catches in unwalled huts and others with wall heights of 0.6,1.2 and 1.7 m (giving an 8 cm eaves‐level entry slit) fell into two categories. The first group, which included the endophilic species Anopheles gambiae Giles s. I., An.melas Theobald and Mansonia spp. were only slightly affected by increasing wall height, but the second group, including the exophilic mosquitoes Aedes spp., An.pharoensis Theobald, Cx poicilipes (Theobald) and Cx thalassius Theobald showed a very marked progressive exclusion. In comparisons of catches in two huts with 8 cm entry slits at eaves or ground level, large numbers of An.pharoensis found access through the ground level entry but not at eaves level. No consistent difference could be demonstrated for other species. It is concluded that the house‐entering behaviour which distinguishes endophagic mosquito species includes at least two distinct responses: flight upwards to eaves level and the passage from outside to indoors. It is also suggested that house entry as a component in host‐seeking behaviour and indoor resting are distinct, but not necessarily exclusive, behavioural traits.


This article studies the effect of matrix component on refractoriness under load(RUL) of low cement castables.The result shows that the RUL can be heightened greatly when Al 2O 3?80 calcium aluminate cement replaces Al 2O 3?70 calcium aluminate cement.The RUL raises with the adding of α?Al 2O 3.The 4% deformation temperature raise with the adding of cyanite.Only when the amount of cyanite is d or 2d,can the 0 6% deformation temperature heighten.


We study the multi-flow optical transponder from the viewpoint of OTN. Rate flexible OTU and multiplexing hierarchy for the elastic network are studied in detail and the required OTN standard extension is elucidated.


What did the apple-picking season mean to Beulah Freeman, a thirteen-year old girl in Sturbridge, Massachusetts in 1820? &dquo;The apples are delicious this year but we don't have as many as usual because of the spring storms. Last Friday and Saturday the whole family did nothing but pick apples all day long. I think the boys were glad to have a change from haying! And for my part, it was nice to be able to sit around the kitchen table together for dinner at noon instead of carrying food for the men in the fields.&dquo; At least that was what a college student imagined in the course of her study of family history at Old Sturbridge Village. Describing the division of tasks in the Freeman family and speculating about Beulah's feelings regarding her work helped the student clarify her understanding of early nineteenth-century family life.


Objective To explore the correlation between the levels of D-dimer and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) in plasma of acute coronary syndrome(ACS),and provide the basis for application of them in early diagnosis of acute coro-nary syndrome.Methods 80 patients who were hospitalized for examination and therapy were selected for study.Among these patients,60 patients for ACS and 20 patients for control.All research objects were phlebotomized for routine program,D-dimer and NT-proBNP deter-mination.The correlation between the levels of plasma D-dimer and NT-proBNP in plasma was analyzed by statistical test.Results The lev-els of plasma D-dimer,NT-proBNP were significantly higher in the event of ACS(P 0.01),and there was significantly positive correlation with each other(r = 0.686,P 0.01).Conclusion The plasma D-dimer levels in ACS patients are closely related to NT-proBNP levels.Com-bination detection of the plasma D-dimer and NT-proBNP may have the potential value for early diagnosis of ACS.