Parsing of visual structures like diagrams and graphs is more complicated than parsing strings. This is so because visual structures are inherently more complex than strings, because visual grammars are more difficult to write than string grammars, and because the algorithms for parsing visual structures are usually more complicated than for parsing strings. The developer of a visual parser, therefore, needs more tool support than a developer of a string parser. In fact, developing and debugging a visual parser without proper visualization of the parsing process is very challenging. This paper describes a visualization approach that arose from this need. Its main focus is on the interaction of the developer with the visualization tool in order to explore the execution process of the parser. It has evolved from experiences with developing and debugging parsers by applying different visual parsing methods. In order to better describe it we introduce a concrete example.


To exploit the wild sesame germplasm resources,the quality characters and near infrared spectroscopy(NIR)of wild sesame were analyzed and compared with the cultivated species in this study. The results showed that quality traits were significantly different between the wild and cultivated sesame seeds,which could be divided into two groups by cluster analysis.A one-way ANOVA showed that the protein,oil and oleic acid contents of the wild sesame were significantly lower than those of the cultivated sesame(P0.01),and the contents of stearic acid,linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidonic acid and sesamolin of the wild seasame were significantly higher than those of the cultivated sesame(P0.01), but no significant differences were found among the contents of palmitic acid and sesamin.The near infrared analysis results showed that the wild and cultivated sesames presented similar NIR absorption peaks.However,the intensity and the location of these absorption peaks were different in the regions of 960-1 040nm,1 140-1 250nm and 1 440-1 500nm.The chemical composition of wild and cultivated sesames was quite different,and the NIR analysis technique may be feasible to identify wild and cultivated sesames.


• Flashlight • Light and laser pointers • Three to five sample horoscopes (Watch out for sign-specific references, such as, 'You'll be particularly bull-headed today.' Try to get horoscopes from within the past week so that students are able to recall the day in question.) • Earth on a stick (globe with handles at north and south poles to represent axis) • Stick pin with a flag attached • Digitarium® system set for the current date and time, with atmospheric effects and landscape turned on


The zonal harmonic expansion method is a special version of the spherical harmonic method, applied for axisymmetric systems. It can be 100{1000 times faster than the more widely known elliptic integral method and is more general than the similar radial series expansion. It has not only high speed, but also high accuracy, which makes the method especially appropriate for trajectory calculations of charged particles. Due to these properties, no interpolation is necessary when the electric and magnetic fleld during particle trajectories is computed with the aid of the zonal harmonic method. The zonal harmonic fleld series formulas are convergent at fleld points within the central and remote regions, which have spherical boundaries, and their center, the source point, can be arbitrarily chosen on the symmetry axis. The rate of convergence of the fleld series depends on the distance of the fleld and the source point; smaller distance for central fleld points and larger distance for remote fleld points correspond to higher convergence rate. For a given fleld point, one can improve the convergence properties of the zonal harmonic method by optimal choice of the fleld expansion method (central or remote), of the source point, and of the source representation method. The zonal harmonic method is applicable also for special three-dimensional magnetic systems, whose components (coils or magnetic materials) are axially symmetric in their own local coordinate systems.


The standard method to retrieve information can be formally defined as follows. To ask a query, one gives the properties of the entities to be retrieved, and the answer is the set of all the entities that satisfy the query. Another method, is to ask the overall information about a given entity, and the answer is the corresponding information. An example of the first kind of query is: 'who are the persons who have had a car accident?', an example of the second kind is: 'what is the overall information about a given person?'. This latter method has deserved very few researches though it has great potential practical applications. However, it raises many non-trivial issues that are investigated here. The first one is to find a precise definition of the fact that a piece of information 'is about' a given entity. We propose a new formal definition of this notion of aboutness for query languages in first-order logic with function symbols, and the main properties that follow from this definition are presented. The second one is to define a bridge between this abstract semantic definition and automated deduction methods based on Resolution Principle. Deduction strategies are defined in this direction and it is proved that they are complete.


The most important changes requested by all three reviewers involve (1) changing the title, (2) rewriting the abstract and (3) rewrite discussion/conclusions to be more precise and informative. Other relevant modifications we find necessary is to (4) rewrite/clarify Sect. 2.2 on target data generation to avoid confusion and misconceptions, (5) elaborate on the CRPS skill metric in Sect. 4.4, and inserting selected formulas into the appendix. At last, (6) we have discovered an error in the calculation of the average CRPS scores that influences our skill metric results.


We characterize optical crosstalk and the associated bit-error rate degradation in silicon nanowaveguides. Our results indicate that the crosstalk decreases with increasing modulation frequency and decreases with input power, which we attribute to free-carrier absorption.


The paper presents an analytical approach to compute the transmitted power density (TPD) due to radiation of Hertz dipole in front of planar lossy half-space representing the simplified human tissue model. Human tissue is represented by muscle properties at a frequency of interest. The influence of two-media interface is taken into account via the simplified reflection coefficient arising from the Modified Image Theory (MIT). Some illustrative examples are presented for various frequencies and distances of Hertz dipole from the interface.


Abstract A transonic axial turbine stage is computed by solving the time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations in the turbulent flow regime. The stator and rotor rows are interfaced using a mixing plane. The sensitivity of the stator-rotor coupling to the boundary conditions and mixing strategies is investigated. The mass or area tangential averaging is found to have slight impact on the stator-rotor match. The relative and absolute formulation of the rotor inlet boundary condition is found to alter the match of the two rows. The computations indicate that both relative and absolute boundary conditions should be used to estimate and control part of the uncertainty in the stator-rotor match, which can be greatly reduced by an iterative procedure, based on the stator exit pressure. The area averaging allows a unique matching point to be estimated for both absolute and relative properties.


With the rapid development of computer and network technology, the Internet has gradually entered people's daily life and completely changed the way people obtain information. Massive network information provides a guarantee to meet the information needs of users and brings great convenience to people. However, the diversity and variability of network information lead to the excessive expansion of information and the problem of information overload, which makes it difficult for people to find the required information from the vast information resources quickly and accurately. Therefore, the storage of courseware resources on the education cloud platform has increased sharply, resulting in the problem of "information overload" in the user learning stage. For users, relying solely on early classification and keyword retrieval technology is difficult to find the required courseware efficiently and accurately. Under this background, the online education resource recommendation system came into being, which has brought effective solutions to the above problems. This paper focuses on the design of Network Education Resource Recommendation Algorithm Based on collaborative algorithm, and completes the analysis and design work. The online education resource recommendation system customizes personalized recommendation services for users according to their individual characteristics, so that users can get what they are interested in more quickly and conveniently, and the collaborative recommendation algorithm is the core part of the system. At present, collaborative recommendation algorithm is the most widely used and studied recommendation algorithm, but the algorithm itself has problems such as sparse user rating data and cold start when new users join. Therefore, the research on collaborative recommendation algorithm is mainly focused on this problem. "Network Education Resource Recommendation System" is an intelligent system proposed to better realize network education.


Objective Rectourethral or rectovaginal fistula is a difficult complication after ano- rectal surgery.The authors applied a new technique—a combined laparoscopic assisted abdominal and posterior sagittal approach in savage surgery.Methods Three boys and two girl underwent redo pull- through for rectovaginal fistula after modified Swenson's procedure,perineal anorectoplasty (n=2), and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (n=3).The age ranged from 3 to 13 years.Laparoscopic assisted abdominal dissection was performed first to mobilize colon and resect aganglionic segment down to the mid pelvis.The lower pelvic dissection was done through the posterior sagittal route leaving 1 cm of the anal canal.Extended endorectal mucosectomy was performed to the dentate line,and under direct vision the fistula was closed from inside of the rectum.The remaining mucosal cuff was everted out of the anus and the intact colon was pulled through the rectum and anastomosed to the cuff extraanally. Colostomy was done in case 2 and case 5.Results The postoperative follow-up showed no recurrent fistula,and all patients had normal voluntary bowel motions,with the exception of one child suffering from infrequent minor soiling.Conclusions Laparoscopic assisted endorectal pull-through of the intact colon can spare troublesome mobilization of the fistula and can prevent the recurrence of fistula.Rectal incision via a posterior sagittal approach provides a direct view of the fistula.


In this article, we present a proposition on how to use public market data to quantify the discount that could be applied when a company has a strong reliance on a single customer. Besides the quantification aspect, we also examine the fundamentals of the monoclient discount to provide valuation analysts with the key issues to be considered when addressing this topic.


A proposed research design for my PhD. This was made before I officially became a PhD student at the University of Kent.


For years, the field of gifted education has supported the contention that gifted children should be identified and served at the beginning of their formal school experience in order to keep them interested and challenged by learning. Frequently, the large problem of underachievement among the gifted population has been laid at the doorstep of a lack of such early program opportunities. Yet few extant programs have emerged that provide services to children at preschool age or even early primary. Of course, there have been notable exceptions. The longitudinal research on young gifted children being carried on at the University of Washington has found that preschool gifted children can be identified through multiple measures examined in a case study context; and that they have the ability to learn concepts and skills at earlier stages than their age peers even though the diversity of ability and level of mastery at a particular age may vary widely within the gifted group (Roedell, Jackson, Robinson, 1980). These recent findings corroborate the work at the Roeper School for the Gifted for over 40 years in the area of providing self-paced academic experiences for the young gifted child (Roeper, 1980). The Astor program in New York City found that four and five year olds could function well in a full-day gifted program that addressed both cognitive and affective areas of development (Ehrlich, in press). A program that compared the effectiveness of classroom approaches for use with preschool gifted children found that both an SOI-based classroom and an open classroom were effective, depending on the nature of the individual gifted learner (Karnes, 1978). And even in rural settings, the young gifted child could be served through a consultative model that linked limited program contact time with follow-up parental intervention (Hanninen, 1979). All of these programs have demonstrated the appropriateness of identifying young gifted children using a test battery with reliance on a case study approach for final selection, providing experiences in academic learning for the preschool gifted child who is ready to move ahead and can profit from additional enrichment learning, and nurturing the social and emotional growth of the child through interactive strategies.


The article justifies the urgency of formation of conflictological competence of future expert in educational space of higher education institution in modern conditions when transformation processes in society cause increase of level of a conflictogenic in social systems. Conflict recognition as the phenomena inevitable in the course of interaction updates a problem of development of conflictogenic competence of youth, and also formation of individual and personal qualities which will promote the constructive solution of the arising conflicts. The structural and substantial analysis of concept "conflictological competence" and features of its formation in the course of training in higher education institution is presented. Criteria and levels of formation of conflictological competence of future expert in educational space of the higher educational institution are allocated. It has been defined that it is possible to define a formation of conflictological competence of future expert by motivational valuable, intellectual informative and procedural criteria.


M onte Polizzo is a hilltop site 6 km northwest of Salemi, in Trapani province, western Sicily (370 56' N, 120 46' E; fig. 1). The highest point on the acropolis is 725.9 m above sea level, and the view from the summit takes in most of western Sicily, including Segesta and Mozia, 9 km and 28 km distant respectively. Since the 1950s Monte Polizzo has been designated a forest preserve, and extensively planted with oak and pine. Artifacts from the site have been known since the nineteenth century. Vincenzo Tusa, then Soprintendente of Archaeology for the Palermo region, carried out the first systematic excavations in 1970. He examined three areas "del centro abitato, alla sommita del monte, distante tra loro almeno trecento metri. "1 In all three, he found rectilinear buildings containing indigenous Iron Age and imported Greek pottery. Saggio IX uncovered a rectangular structure on the west slope of the acropolis. It had two phases of walls (fig. 2), and the finds included Corinthian, East Greek, and incised local wares, and a hoard of bronzes, now in the Palermo Museum. In 1996, Sebastiano Tusa, Soprintendente of Prehistoric Archaeology for the Trapani region, and Kristian Kristiansen, of the University of Goteborg, opened a new international study of the Monte Polizzo region, the Scandinavian-Sicilian Archaeological Project. This study subsequently expanded to involve teams and individuals from North America and the United Kingdom and now includes a wide range of interconnected archaeological projects. Our main goal is to explore the development of indigenous society in western Sicily in the sixth through fourth centuries B.C., when Greek and Carthaginian imperialism began seriously affecting the upland interior. We are interested in defining more precisely what is meant by "Hellenization"; the selective local adoption of and resistance to Punic and Greek material culture; the transformation of economic and class structures as the political environment changed; and the constitution of ethnic identities. In addition to these questions focusing on the Mediterranean region, Monte Polizzo is part of a larger comparative project on later


Ordinary casual meetings held by small groups are one of the most important knowledge activities in an organization, and the organization's performance deeply depends on such meetings. There are many systems that help facilitate casual meetings, but there are no common way to assist in reusing content from previous meetings during a current meeting. We developed a new casual meeting system called the TimeMachineBoard that uses multiple displays to enable users to retrieve and quote discussions from previous casual meetings. The system can facilitate whiteboard-based meetings.


The aim of this study was to compare physical and mechanical characteristics of Hisex hen eggs collected from three different housing systems: enriched cage housing, aviary housing, and free-range systems. The following physical and mechanical characteristics if eggs were compared: dimensions, surface area, volume, sphericity, shape index, shell thickness, weight, composition, yolk to albumen ratio, rupture force, specific deformation, absorbed energy, and firmness. The largest and heaviest eggs were collected from cage housing, followed by eggs from free-range systems and aviary housing. According to shape index, eggs from aviary housing can be described as round, while eggs from cage housing and free-range systems can be characterised as normal or standard. Eggs from free-range laying hens had the highest yolk percentage and yolk to albumen ratio (26.2% and 0.427). In comparison to eggs from aviary housing and free-range systems, eggs from enriched cage housing had the thickest shells and the highest shell strength, and required the highest force to rupture those eggs. The average force required to rupture Hisex Brown hen eggs from cage housing in all three axes was 44.14 N, which was 12.1% higher than the average force required to rupture eggs from a free-range system (39.37 N) and 17.1% higher than the average force required to rupture eggs from aviary housing (37.68 N). The highest forces required to rupture eggs from all three housing systems were determined on loading along the X-front axis and the lowest forces were determined along the Z-axis. The results obtained in this study can be useful to producers when selecting hen housing systems in order to reduce egg damage during storage and transport. Keywords: egg composition, egg weight, rupture force, shape index, shell thickness


The widespread adoption of the Chomsky-Borer Hypothesis, with its assumption of a crosslinguistically (and thus diachronically stable) syntactic computational system, removes an explanation for syntactic change the once widely-invoked concept of a 'syntactic parameter'. This chapter explores some of the implications of this conceptual shift for an acquisition-driven model of syntactic change. It then leverages that discussion to explore some central issues surrounding syntactic reconstruction –especially the so-called 'correspondence problem', attempting to bring to light some previously underdiscussed aspects of what it means to stand 'in correspondence.'


Leakages from seals are one of the important factors that are taken into consideration while designing any machining element. This is because leakages can affect the performance of any component an ...


Ethnobotany is holistic study, which involves the reciprocal and dynamic aspect of interactions of Adivasis people with plants. There are thousands of plants that yields medicines are very useful to mankind .The plants which naturally contain certain chemical constituents having therapeutic properties are called medicinal plants .Several plants in Yawal forest area have potential of better economic exploitation.Tribal having tremendous ethnomedical knowledge that has passed from one generation to the next generation.Yawal forest area is store house of numerous medicinal plants, various plants are used traditionally by Pawara people in skin , diseases , cough , cold , asthma, jaundice, fever , indigestion etc. Present article deals with some important plants used to cure cough , cold , asthma, by Pawara people in Yawal forest area .12 species belonging to 11 families and their traditional uses for curing respiratory diseases are recorded.


A 49-year-old female presented with a nontender mass in the neck. Fine-needle aspirate revealed spindle cells in a vaguely whorled pattern. The cells were fairly uniform and had elongated nuclei with fine chromatin. It was diagnosed as a cellular spindle cell neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. Total thyroidectomy was performed revealing a well-circumscribed mass in the right lower pole extending substernally for 2 cm. The tumor was highly cellular and characterized by fascicles of spindle cells, focally displaying a biphasic pattern. The glandular component had a tubopapillary pattern. Occasional small mucous cysts were found adjacent to the tumor and in the opposite lobe, suggesting that the tumor might have arisen from the epithelial inclusions or remnants of branchial pouch within the thyroid. The spindle cells were immunoreactive for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, and vimentin and negative for thyroglobulin, calcitonin, chromogranin, desmin, myoglobin, and actin. Ultrastructurally, the spindle cells had abundant tonofilaments and well-developed desmosomes. These findings are consistent with a newly described entity, spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like element (SETTLE), an intrathyroid lesion with a potential for delayed metastasis. Int J Surg Pathol 4(3):00-00, 1997


This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the integrated project-based approach to learning and the acquisition of lifelong learning skills in pupils of Government bilingual nursery and primary schools in the Mbouda sub-division. The study was guided by the cognitive development theory of Jean Piaget and the experiential theory of John Dewey. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. The sample population for the study was made up of respondents that were Headteachers, and teachers. The population and sample were selected using the purposive sampling technique. The instruments used were closed-ended questionnaires. Data was collected from a sample of 14 head teachers and 80 teachers. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The hypotheses of the study were tested using a non-parametric Spearman's rho test. Findings showed that there was a significant, positive, and relatively strong relationship between the identification of problems and learners' acquisition of lifelong skills (R-value 0.504**). Similarly, findings revealed that there was a significant, positive, and strong relationship between the use of appropriate instructional methodologies and learners' acquisition of lifelong skills (R-value 0.630**). Furthermore, findings showed that there was a significant, positive, and relatively strong relationship between collaboration learning and learners' acquisition of lifelong skills (R-value 0.515**). Findings equally revealed that there is a significant, positive, and strong relationship between the integration of ICT in the teaching-learning process and learners' acquisition of lifelong skills (R-value 0.556**). It was concluded that an integrated project-based approach to learning influences the lifelong learning skills in some government bilingual primary schools in Mbouda Sub Division. Based on the findings: it was recommended that teachers should be given the impunities and facilities that can help them identify pupils' problems and provide possible solutions. Teachers and the community should work together on appropriate instructional methodologies, integrating ICT into the teaching-learning process so that pupils can acquire lifelong learning skills.


1. Experiments were conducted (i) to determine whether resistance to MCPA would subside in a population of Ranunculus acris L. ssp. acris after ending a 30-year regime of annual and biennial applications of MCPA, and (ii) to test the hypothesis that MCPA-resistant R. acris plants are less competitive than MCPA-susceptible plants when grown together. 2. Experiment 1 was conducted in a dairy pasture population of R. acris that had developed resistance to MCPA after repeated exposure to this herbicide over a period of 30 years. Application of the herbicide was either stopped or continued on plots for five consecutive growing seasons from 1984/85 until 1988/89. The LD 50 value for the seedling progeny of the 1988/89 plants from 'stopped' plots was two-thirds the LD 50 for the progeny from 'continued' plots. Other experiments by the same authors have shown the LD 50 for a susceptible biotype to be one quarter that of the resistant biotype. From this information it was estimated that 28 years (90% confidence limits 11 and 84 years) of discontinued treatment would be required for the LD 50 of the resistant population to fall to a level 10% above that of the susceptible biotype (which had never been exposed to the herbicide). 3. In Experiment 2, the seedling progeny of a susceptible (S) and resistant (R) field population were grown in monocultures and in 1 : 1 mixtures under glass over a wide range of densities. A two-species competition model fitted to the plant dry weights indicated that S and R plants were similar in yield at low densities, but that S plants were higher yielding at high densities than R plants. 4. Overall, the two experiments jointly provide some evidence that MCPA-resistant plants of R. acris are less fit ecologically than susceptible plants. However, the exact mechanisms have not been clearly established.


The Bosman case results in not only accelerating the process of rule of law for European Union football,but also deepening the conflict between the conventional system and rules of football and European Union laws.EU has set up some fundamental legal principles to guide the practice of sport,but the effects of the application of these principles to some football issues within EU which include the football transfer fee,the nationality of players and teams,the match between affiliated football clubs and the television broadcasting rights and so on,are still need the test of practice.Thus it is important to find an appropriate balance in order to guarantee compliance of EU football with EU laws while respecting the particularity of football in the process of law practice.


A Dissertation Report presented to the Witwatersrand Business School Witwatersrand University In fulfilment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Management
June 2017


This paper investigates the issue of neural network adaptive finite‐time tracking control for stochastic nonlinear systems subject to full state constraints. In the controller design process, neural networks are employed to cope with the packed uncertainties and the log‐type barrier Lyapunov functions are introduced to prevent the violation of the state constraints. By using approximated‐based neural networks and adaptive backstepping technique, a novel finite‐time control approach is presented. The designed control method not only makes the tracking error converge to a small neighborhood of the origin in a finite time, but also surmounts the effect of state constraints to system performance. A numerical simulation example is provided to illustrate the validity of the designed control method.


We use sheaves of spectra to quantize a Hamiltonian $\coprod\limits_n BO(n)$-action on $\varinjlim\limits_{N}T^*\mathbf{R}^N$ that naturally arises from Bott periodicity. We employ the category of correspondences developed in [GaRo] to give an enrichment of stratified Morse theory by the $J$-homomorphism. This provides a key step in a forthcoming work [Jin] on the proof of a claim in [JiTr]: the classifying map of the local system of brane structures on an (immersed) exact Lagrangian submanifold $L\subset T^*\mathbf{R}^N$ is given by the composition of the stable Gauss map $L\rightarrow U/O$ and the delooping of the $J$-homomorphism $U/O\rightarrow B\mathrm{Pic}(\mathbf{S})$.
We put special emphasis on the functoriality and (symmetric) monoidal structures of the categories involved, and as a byproduct, we produce several concrete constructions of (commutative) algebra/module objects and (right-lax) morphisms between them in the (symmetric) monoidal $(\infty, 2)$-category of correspondences, generalizing the construction out of Segal objects in [GaRo], which might be of interest by its own.


Based on a review of research, this article outlines patterns of support associated with in-law relationships in the United States. The analysis is organized in a four-part framework. The first part is devoted to parental aid to married children and indirectly to their spouses. Part two focuses on help patterns directed specifically toward children-in-law. In part three attention shifts to in-law support in later life, and part four addresses the effects of marital dissolution on in-law support. The article concludes with a discussion of how various demographic factors may affect the nature of the in-law support structure.


Care and support of a bariatric resident is complex and will require robust and in-depth risk assessment. Melanie Sturman-Floyd explains that moving and handling can be challenging but risks can be reduced with bespoke equipment and mechanisation


Recent press reports alert about an increasing presence of inadequate prejudices among our population against the immigrants that could affect the mental health of this vulnerable population. This paper tries to clarify some factors concerning the prevalence of mental health problems in the migration experience, in terms of adversity experienced before, during and after resettlement. Specific challenges in immigrants mental health include communication difficulties, the cultural shaping of symptoms on diagnosis, processes affecting adaptation, and aspects of acceptance by the receiving society that affect employment and ethnic discrimination. A study in Norway and another cross-national comparison of 20 European countries show that increased o the prevalence of mental illness is linked to a higher risk for acculturative stress, poor social support, deprived socioeconomic conditions, negative life events and experiences of discrimination.Inmigracion: discriminacion y xenofobiaASMR. 2016 - Vol. 15 - Num. 1 -2-These issues can be addressed through specific inquiry, the use of trained interpreters and culture brokers, meetings with families, and consultation with community organizations. Some of these measures are already being taken among us by our local Basque Government and some Nongovernmental organizations.


Segregation of species occurs when a species tends to be found near conspecifics. This is frequently investigated using a contingency table, classifying each point by its species and the species of its nearest neighbor. Pielou proposed using a 1-df chi-square test of independence as a test of segregation. This test is inappropriate if all locations within a study area are mapped. For completely mapped data, I derive the expectations and variances of the cell counts in the nearest-neighbor contingency table under the null hypothesis that species labels are randomly assigned to points. The properties of the cell counts suggest a new 2-df chi-square test of spatial segregation, a pair of species-specific tests, and a pair of species-specific measures of segregation. In small samples, the proposed tests have the appropriate size, unlike the Pielou test. The new test is illustrated with three examples: Pielou's Douglas-fir/ponderosa pine data, a realization of a mother-daughter process, and the locations of male and female water tupelo trees. 24 refs., 4 figs., 6 tabs.


This thesis reports on a qualitative study applying Framework Analysis to narratives elicited from fourteen young women with high-functioning ASD. Semi-structured interviews highlighted experiences specific to being a young female with ASD, including delays in getting a diagnosis, vulnerability to abuse in relationships and compensatory strategies used in social situations. Challenges specific to females with ASD were singled out for discussion, as were clinical implications such as the need to increase medical and educational professionals' knowledge of female ASD and suggestions for future quantitative research.


PpIX induced by administration of ALA is being successfully employed for tissue diagnosis and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of, for example, brain malignancies. To guide tissue biopsy by fluorescence during stereotaxy, correct quantification of the PpIX accumulation is required. However, the detected fluorescence intensity and spectral shape are influenced and distorted by the varying optical properties of tissue. Quantitative PpIX measurements thus need to disentangle these effects in order to provide the undistorted, intrinsic fluorescence. Numerous methods for obtaining the intrinsic fluorescence have been developed and optimized for certain fluorochromes. PpIX poses a particular case where excitation and fluorescence are spectrally well separated. Furthermore, the fluorescence appears within the red wavelength region where absorption in tissue is relatively weak. Here, three experimental approaches towards assessing the intrinsic fluorescence for PpIX in homogeneous phantom materials for four subsets at tissue-like conditions, were tested and compared; 1) single-fiber with diameters 200-800 μm, 2) a two-fiber probe with evaluation based on an empirical ratio between fluorescence and reflectance signals or 3) a multi-fiber probe for combined fluorescence and reflectance measurements with evaluation based on a theoretical model of light propagation. All methods could be realized with an outer probe diameter of less than 1.5 mm, thus applicable during stereotaxy. Method 3 could quantify the PpIX concentration best, regarding all four subsets and thus covering a broad, physiologically relevant range of optical parameters. With accuracies between ± 3.2 % and ± 24.8 % for different subsets it was overall a great improvement to the accuracies resulting from calculations based on a plane wave geometry, which vary from ± 4.6 % to ± 84.3 %.


This special issue of Behaviour Change draws new data have come to hand. This recent together a collection of papers which address work has led to a revision of the original current topics in the psychological theories theory (Lewinsohn, Hoberman, Teri & Hautand treatment of depression. In the early zinger, 1985) and to the development of a history of behaviour therapy, depression was psychoeducational approach known as the relatively neglected, probably due to the Coping With Depression Course (Lewininherent difficulties in investigating a probsohn, Antonuccio, Steinmetz & Teri, 1984). lem in which internal events such as thoughts This intervention is the subject of the first and mood appear to be so important. One article in this special issue, in which Clarke of the contributors to this volume, Peter and Lewinsohn review the findings from the Lewinsohn, began his work on depression at set of studies which have been conducted in the University of Oregon in the 1960s and recent years. was responsible for conducting and stimuThe study of depression has burgeoned lating much research in this area. His conduring the past decade, largely due to the ceptualisation of depression was from an enormous impact of the work of Aaron T. operant perspective in which depression was Beck, who advanced a provocative view of viewed as a result of a reduction in responsedepression in the 1970s. Beck's theory, that contingent positive reinforcement. Within the depression results from faulty cognitive context of this theory he placed a considappraisals of the environment, the self and erable focus on the role of social skills deficits the future, has been the most dominant influin the aetiology of depression. This work also ence on work in this area in the recent past, led to the treatment goal of increasing sources However, it is a hallmark of present empirical of positive reinforcement for the depressed approaches to clinical psychology that preindividual, a behavioural element which can vailing views such as this theory are critically still be seen in cognitive therapy. Perhaps the examined. Oei, Duckham and Free tackle the most important influence of the work by validity of the cognitive theory in their Lewinsohn has been the emphasis on the article, entitled 'Does Cognitive Behaviour systematic assessment of the specific deficits Therapy Support Cognitive Models of involved in depression. Not only has this led Depression?'. The critical appraisal of this to the development of a number of instrutheory is especially important if we are to ments, such as the Pleasant Events Schedule make further progress in the understanding (MacPhillamy & Lewinsohn, 1982), but it has of depression. It is rather unlikely that the also shown behavioural researchers that cognitive theory, in its present form, provides depression is indeed open to empirical invesa satisfactory account of the aetiology of tigation. Lewinsohn's work has evolved as depression. Nevertheless, the implications of


This feasibility study compares several optical configurations for an orbiting high-resolution (<1 m) panchromatic push-broom camera. This is an optical subsystem of the CIA (Camera Iperspettrale Avanzata, Advanced Hyperspectral Camera) project, promoted by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), aimed at high-resolution imaging for applications in Earth observation, mainly for environmental control, geology (especially volcanoes), and coastal and inland water monitoring. The study includes optics and radiometric analyses, used to select a fan of candidate optical configurations, including all the solutions suitable for the specific task, namely, Ritchey-Chretien with and without relay, Korsch, and Schmidt-Cassegrain on axis, off axis, and with relay. The result of a trade-off analysis, considering not only optical performance but also other aspects such as cost, volume, complexity, and technological criticality, shows that the Korsch configuration is currently the best compromise, and it is potentially able to satisfy all project requirements. However, the other configurations have advantages that may be considered in the whole-mission assessment.


In the last HIF Symposium at Tokyo, the HIBLIC‐I was proposed by Japanese group. Further discussions on the design problems have been continued to improve or modify the conceptual design in the future. At the same time, near‐term experiments are being planned for the related physics and engineering which the proposal is based on. In this paper, the outline of these approaches is given.


Fifteen novel dithiocarbamate-derived naphthalimides as a type of potential anticancer and antimicrobial agents were synthesized and characterized by spectral and analytical techniques. The structures of 2b, 5a, and 7b were established by X-ray crystallography. Their in vitro antitumor activities were evaluated by the MTT method against MDA-MB-231, HepG-2, PC12, as well as A549. Based on the results of the MTT assay, compound 7c bearing a morpholinyl substituent displayed the highest activity and selectivity toward HepG-2 cancer cells with an IC50 of 10.86 µM. All new compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The preliminary results showed that compound 7d (an N-methyl piperazine) showed high efficacy against B. subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 7.6 µM, which was superior to that of the clinical drug, Cefuroxim. It is found that the anticancer and antibacterial activities of the dithiocarbamate-naphthalimide derivatives were significantly enhanced when bearing a 1,2,3-triazole group.


• Reference/public service for use/application of print materials • Reference/public service for use of hardware • Reference/public service for use of software • General customer service responsibilities for explaining services, hardware, software, etc. • "Classroom" or group instruction for teaching hardware/software • Teaching/training existing library staff in new services/hardware/software • Teaching/training new library staff members (for all types of library experience!) • Teaching/training new staff members who may come from a variety of business, technology or other non-profit settings AND • Training others to train


In the context of the Quebec government's Plan Nord (2011), this article discusses the contributions that social scientists can make to constructing new forms of research that are sensitive to the traditions of Canadian aboriginal communities. It argues that these new ways of working might inform the organisation, principles and practices of the current social sciences.


Review of Elisabeth D. Heineman, What Difference Does a Husband Make? Women and Marital Status in Nazi and Post-War Germany


This paper discusses how children's library adapts to the changes of the situation under the network environment,such as improving its resources construction and reader services,building service station in communities,so as to promote its service quality and social status.


This paper provides the results of a survey of the structure of HIV/AIDS benefits in open and restricted medical schemes in South Africa in 2002. The results of the survey were used to develop a series of recommendations to the Minister of Health in respect of the extent of prescribed minimum benefits for HIV/AIDS. Medical schemes are required to provide the PMBs to their members without limits or co-payments.
Keywords: Medical schemes; HIV; AIDS; benefits; prescribed minimum benefits
South African Actuarial Journal: 2003 3: 77-112


Muna, Ana Fauzul. 2018. Qawa'idu l-Islam wa l-iman's Manuscript (Editing teks and pragmatic studies). Skripsi. Faculty of Humanities, Diponogoro University. Leaders I Dr. M. Abdullah, M.A, II Drs. M. Muzakka, M.Hum.

Qawa'idu l-Islam wa l-iman's Manuscript (QII) is the ancient manuscript who has an Arabic letter and Malay. QII is manuscript that saved in Nasional Library of Indonesian Republic with manuscript number BR 418. This manuscript has three teks among others: fiqh, Friday prayer, and tauhid. The author count heavely on the first teks which is fiqh.

This research has a purpose for present editing teks and explain advantage in teks based on pragmatic studies. The author use two theory among others: philology and pragmatic. This research use some methods which is: collection, analysis, and present the data inside. Data analysis divided in two part which is philology and pragmatic. And then the data presented by discriptive method.

The result of analysis from QII manuscript contain two function which is: religion function and education function. The religion function in QII manuscript contain pillars of Islam among others: Syahadat, prayer, obligatory charity, fasting, hajj trip. Thaharah include istinja, wudu, take a bath, menstruation, nifas, and tayamum. Pillars of faith is believe to Allah, while education function in the QII manuscript contain advice to study hard, pray when go and out from bathroom.

Key word: Qawa'idu l-Islam wa l-iman's manuscript, philology, pragmatic.


Abstract The corrosion behavior of a series of Nb-Ni alloys containing 10 to 98% Ni was investigated in a 25% KOH solution at 25 C. It was found that the alloys containing 10 and 31% Ni, which are composed of δ and γ phases, essentially disintegrate during corrosion in this environment. Disintegration is caused not by dissolution, but by selective hydride formation in the δ phase between the grains of the γ phase. Alloys containing more than 47% Ni have very high corrosion resistance to the solution and do not exhibit rapid disintegration.


Entering the 5G and internet of things (IoT) era, human–machine interfaces (HMIs) capable of providing humans with more intuitive interaction with the digitalized world have experienced a flourishing development in the past few years. Although the advanced sensing techniques based on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) or microelectromechanical system (MEMS) solutions, e.g., camera, microphone, inertial measurement unit (IMU), etc., and flexible solutions, e.g., stretchable conductor, optical fiber, etc., have been widely utilized as sensing components for wearable/non-wearable HMIs development, the relatively high-power consumption of these sensors remains a concern, especially for wearable/portable scenarios. Recent progress on triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) self-powered sensors provides a new possibility for realizing low-power/self-sustainable HMIs by directly converting biomechanical energies into valuable sensory information. Leveraging the advantages of wide material choices and diversified structural design, TENGs have been successfully developed into various forms of HMIs, including glove, glasses, touchpad, exoskeleton, electronic skin, etc., for sundry applications, e.g., collaborative operation, personal healthcare, robot perception, smart home, etc. With the evolving artificial intelligence (AI) and haptic feedback technologies, more advanced HMIs could be realized towards intelligent and immersive human–machine interactions. Hence, in this review, we systematically introduce the current TENG HMIs in the aspects of different application scenarios, i.e., wearable, robot-related and smart home, and prospective future development enabled by the AI/haptic-feedback technology. Discussion on implementing self-sustainable/zero-power/passive HMIs in this 5G/IoT era and our perspectives are also provided.


This project aims to 1) build a BERT model that could work for Sentiment Analysis and extend the model to multiple downstream tasks 2) explore and analyze performance impact from different improvement approaches. For part 1, we've built a BERT model that could work for three downstream tasks and got 0.348 average score as baseline. For part 2, we explored a few different approaches and finally got 0.663 average score for test Set. 1 Key Information to include • Mentor: Gabriel Poesia


Cytokines are glyco-peptides (5-50 kDa) that act in picomolar concentrations in paracrine, autocrine and endocrine ways in the regulation of inflammation, cell-growth and -differentiation (Bendtzen 1976; Cohen 1976; Janeway & Bottomly 1994; Paul & Seder 1994). The presence of dynamically expressed, bioactive CK receptors on differentiated cells in organs such as lymphoid tissues, vessels, liver, bone marrow and the central nervous system is in keeping with the pleiotropic effects of many CK's and has broad implications for roles of CK's in homeostasis. CK's may act in synergism or antagonism and display countless, unrelated and often contradictory bioactivities depending on the nature of the target cells and the context in which the particular CK is present (Bendtzen 1989, 1994b). Many CK's have overlapping effects. This redundancy in the CK-network provides a biological back-up mechanism that may ensure the power of penetration of essential biological signals (Grau et al. 1990). At the molecular level, 'overlapping' CK's either share identical receptor associated signal transducers or their distinct receptors, intrinsically, activate overlapping sets of intracellular messengers (Cosman 1993; Akira et al. 1994; Kishimoto et al. 1994). It appears, however, that some CK's are preferentially used in some responses whereas other CK's of the family are mostly used in other responses. The tissue specificities of CK's may be based on cell type specific downstream differences in intracellular signal transduction pathways (Larner et al. 1993; Montminy 1993; Sadowski et al. 1993; Lutticken et al. 1994; Stahl et al. 1994).


Nanocrystalline (NC) tin dioxide (SnO2) thin film has been prepared using chemical bath method at low working temperature onto SiO2/Si substrates. The structural and morphological properties were s...


In order to satisfy the visual simulation of electronic counter measures(ECM) between antiship missile and target,a theoretical disturbance model of missile-ship ECM was set,and the corresponding entity model was built by MultiGen Creator.Then the simulation program was designed by VC++ and Vega with OPP method.Finally,a simulation about ECM was set up,and the excellent result shows that this visual simulation is effective and can be developed quickly.


conceptualization, experimentation, and experiences, part of the spiral effect that Kolb's model implies. EXPERIENCING SPANISH BUSINESS IN THE FIU CIBER PROGRAM: VISITING MULTINATIONALS IN MADRID Whereas most business language faculty development programs teach business concepts and leave it to participants to apply them to the language and culture they teach, the FIU CIBER faculty development program places participants directly into the heart of the language and culture of business in Spain. Even though the specifics of the itinerary may change from one year to the next, the basic structure of the program remains the same. By beginning the program in Madrid, participants are able to visit the multinational businesses and international work settings that have helped drive Spain's impressive economic progress after its integration into the European Union. Recently, participants visited the Spanish utility ENDESA's corporate headquarters, for example, which placed faculty in the context of global energy trading. We happened to arrive at ENDESA's control site for all of Spain the day temperatures across Spain broke heat records. Topics such as global warming (which we could include in our business Spanish lesson plans) became very relevant as we watched the map that tracked soaring temperatures and the resulting power outages across the country. ENDESA executives addressed a wide variety of topics—strategic plans, energy supply and demand, the company's efforts at social responsibility, and specific examples of cross-cultural business misunderstandings. ENDESA employees also provided examples of the language differences experienced in business communication between Spain and Latin America (e.g., "costo" versus "coste"), as well as the cross-cultural differences between ENDESA executives and their Latin American counterparts. For example, noting that ahora has a different meaning or cultural sense in Spain than in Latin America, a classroom activity might involve students working through a cross-cultural analysis of ahora ("now") to expose and compare their own cultural assumptions, work habits, and attitudes toward deadlines. Our visit to Spain's Oficina del Parlamento Europeo happened to coincide with the publication of recent election results in several European countries that were anti-European Union, thus provoking an interesting discussion on workplace morale—a topic of interest to private businesses, nonprofit organizations, and governmental bodies alike. This site visit also allowed a close look at a multilingual and multicultural work environment, something of particular interest to language faculty and students. 8 ABBOTT, WATSON abstract conceptualization, experimentation, and experiences, part of the spiral effect that Kolb's model implies.conceptualization, experimentation, and experiences, part of the spiral effect that Kolb's model implies. EXPERIENCING SPANISH BUSINESS IN THE FIU CIBER PROGRAM: VISITING MULTINATIONALS IN MADRID Whereas most business language faculty development programs teach business concepts and leave it to participants to apply them to the language and culture they teach, the FIU CIBER faculty development program places participants directly into the heart of the language and culture of business in Spain. Even though the specifics of the itinerary may change from one year to the next, the basic structure of the program remains the same. By beginning the program in Madrid, participants are able to visit the multinational businesses and international work settings that have helped drive Spain's impressive economic progress after its integration into the European Union. Recently, participants visited the Spanish utility ENDESA's corporate headquarters, for example, which placed faculty in the context of global energy trading. We happened to arrive at ENDESA's control site for all of Spain the day temperatures across Spain broke heat records. Topics such as global warming (which we could include in our business Spanish lesson plans) became very relevant as we watched the map that tracked soaring temperatures and the resulting power outages across the country. ENDESA executives addressed a wide variety of topics—strategic plans, energy supply and demand, the company's efforts at social responsibility, and specific examples of cross-cultural business misunderstandings. ENDESA employees also provided examples of the language differences experienced in business communication between Spain and Latin America (e.g., "costo" versus "coste"), as well as the cross-cultural differences between ENDESA executives and their Latin American counterparts. For example, noting that ahora has a different meaning or cultural sense in Spain than in Latin America, a classroom activity might involve students working through a cross-cultural analysis of ahora ("now") to expose and compare their own cultural assumptions, work habits, and attitudes toward deadlines. Our visit to Spain's Oficina del Parlamento Europeo happened to coincide with the publication of recent election results in several European countries that were anti-European Union, thus provoking an interesting discussion on workplace morale—a topic of interest to private businesses, nonprofit organizations, and governmental bodies alike. This site visit also allowed a close look at a multilingual and multicultural work environment, something of particular interest to language faculty and students. 9 A FACULTY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM A stop at Ciudad Santander, Grupo Banco Santander's new centralized campus just outside Madrid, was a lesson in globalization for its setting alone. Modeled on Microsoft's central campus, Banco Santander has built a gated, self-sufficient "city" for its employees, complete with shopping, drycleaning, exercise, and entertainment services. We participated in several typical business events that form the basis of Business Spanish course materials—site tours, business presentations, a business lunch—as well as more unique experiences, such as stepping onto the Bank's central trading floor and interacting with student interns. USING EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING TO CREATE COURSE MATERIALS Annie Abbott and Darcy Lear, Spanish faculty at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, participated in the faculty development program at the same time that they were preparing a new course: "Spanish and Entrepreneurship: Languages, Cultures, and Communities." By following each stage of experiential learning, they developed course materials based on their experiences in the FIU CIBER program. In fact, even though corporate responsibility was never explicitly addressed during the site visit at Banco Santander, they eventually wrote an entire lesson plan on corporate responsibility and Banco Santander for their course at the University of Illinois (see Appendix for full lesson plan). The following section describes how Abbott and Lear worked through each stage in Kolb's model. CONCRETE EXPERIENCE. Along with the other program participants, Abbott and Lear attended two formal business presentations during their visit at Banco Santander, both of which introduced them to web-based activities supported by Banco Santander's nonprofit foundation: Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes and Universia. In addition to learning about the work behind the well-known website www.cervantesvirtual.com, Universia's Director explained the project behind www.universia.net. This web portal may be less well known in the US, but Universia claims to be "... the largest network of university cooperations in the world. The network consists of 985 participating universities, which represent 9,320,000 students ... [and] ... Latin America, Spain and Portugal through the participation of 11 different countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Spain, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay and Venezuela" ("About Us," screen 5). The Director informed them of the project's origins, activities, successes, and plans for the future. All faculty participants received several of Universia's publications, including their 2004 annual report. 9 A FACULTY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM A stop at Ciudad Santander, Grupo Banco Santander's new centralized campus just outside Madrid, was a lesson in globalization for its setting alone. Modeled on Microsoft's central campus, Banco Santander has built a gated, self-sufficient "city" for its employees, complete with shopping, drycleaning, exercise, and entertainment services. We participated in several typical business events that form the basis of Business Spanish course materials—site tours, business presentations, a business lunch—as well as more unique experiences, such as stepping onto the Bank's central trading floor and interacting with student interns. USING EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING TO CREATE COURSE MATERIALS Annie Abbott and Darcy Lear, Spanish faculty at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, participated in the faculty development program at the same time that they were preparing a new course: "Spanish and Entrepreneurship: Languages, Cultures, and Communities." By following each stage of experiential learning, they developed course materials based on their experiences in the FIU CIBER program. In fact, even though corporate responsibility was never explicitly addressed during the site visit at Banco Santander, they eventually wrote an entire lesson plan on corporate responsibility and Banco Santander for their course at the University of Illinois (see Appendix for full lesson plan). The following section describes how Abbott and Lear worked through each stage in Kolb's model. CONCRETE EXPERIENCE. Along with the other program participants, Abbott and Lear attended two formal business presentations during their visit at Banco Santander, both of which introduced them to web-based activities supported by Banco Santander's nonprofit foundation: Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes and Universia. In addition to learning about the work behin


Objective To analyze the antibody levels of measles and rubella among healthy people in Chengmai County.Methods All healthy individuals in Chengmai County were randomly sampled to detect measles and rubella IgG antibody levels.Results The positive rates for the antibodies against measles and rubella in the age group of 1-13 years were the highest,with the positive rates of 95.00% and 99.50%,respectively.Measles and rubella IgG antibody levels of infants aged 6 months were the lowest,and the positive rates were 42.00% and 17.00%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates for the antibodies against measles and rubella between the age group of 1-13 years and infants aged 6 months(P0.01).The positive rate of rubella IgG antibody in adult group and the positive rates for the antibodies against measles and rubella in middle school group were all significantly lower than those of primary school group(P0.01).The positive rates for the antibodies against measles and rubella in neonates were 70.00% and 60.00%,respectively.There were statisti-cally significant differences in the positive rates for the antibodies against measles and rubella of the vaccinated group between before and after the vaccination(P0.01);moreover,measles and rubella IgG antibody levels reached the standard of immunological barrier after the vaccination.Conclusions People aged 6 months and 14 years are more susceptible in Chengmai County.It is necessary to take various measures to prevent measles and rubella according to different age groups.


A study of the chromosomes of rabbit neoplasms was undertaken for several reasons. The primary object was to determine whether the enlargement of chromosomes to double or quadruple their original size occurred in malignant tissues of yet another organism, the rabbit, as it had been observed to occur in cancers of the mouse (8), goldfish (2)., man (7), and the rat (3). The secondary aim was to learn whether chromosomal enlargement was possibly of value as a morphological indicator of autonomy in tumors.


Coalition formation in social networks allows many choices of which task to select and with whom to partner in the social network. Agents communicate with agents within n network links in their surrounding network. These agents are considered part of an agentpsilas local neighborhood. Agents maintain a database of skills possessed by agents in their local neighborhood. We compare agents of two different types. Structural agents seek to create a scale-free network. Inventory agents seek to connect to agents who possess a skill not found in their current local neighborhood. We examine the ability of the agents to deal with static skill demand patterns, changing skill demand patterns, and a mismatch of the skills supplied to the skills demanded.


Discussing the background to the founding of the Auschwitz State Museum in June 1947, Huener informs us that the first set of "planning principles" for the museum, devised in December 1946 prior to the communist seizure of power, had recommended historically accurate exhibits that would name Jews as the targets of biological destruction and the main victims in terms of numbers (74-75). Yet the newly consolidated communist government imposed a revision that characterized the camp as a place of Polish martyrdom and required that Jewish victims be designated as citizens of various countries rather than asjews. "It is possible," Huener acknowledges, that the latter revision "reflected the wishes of the regime and the political exigencies of the period" (75). What is more, two early associates of the museum whom Huener interviewed in 1994 suggested that "political considerations were instrumental in this abbreviation of the historical record" (76). Huener points to the centrality of government control in subsequent chapters. On the 1955 commemorations, Huener maintains "there was little doubt that control over the [Auschwitz] memorial was firmly in the hands of the PZPR [Polish United Workers' Party]" (124). At ceremonies twelve year later, Huener comments that Auschwitz "had served for twenty years as a political arena for the Warsaw government" (168). Finally, in die epilogue, he acknowledges that only the fall of communism in 1989 allowed for a "revision of official memory" (240). Reflecting on the period of the Polish People's Republic, Huener concludes that "the Polish state mobilized the site and its meanings in the service of political goals" (228). The evidence, then, seems to point to a central—not peripheral—role for the communist government in the way history was distorted at Auschwitz during the period of the Polish People's Republic. Auschwitz, Poland, and the Politics of Commemoration is nonetheless a fascinating and engaging study that makes an important contribution to our understanding of the controversy over memory at Auschwitz and is a highly welcome addition to the growing body of literature on twentieth-century Polish-Jewish relations.


Risk management deals with three types of financial risks: market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. Much has been written about both ma rket and credit risk but substantially less has been written about liquidity risk. Liquidity ri sk has been modelled for securities as a supply curve where the price obtained in a trade of a given security is reflected not only in the time of the trade but also in the size and directio n (buy or sell orders). In this thesis, data provided by the Icelandic Stock Exchange is used to examine the supply curve, and thus the liquidity, of three bonds traded in Iceland. Four d ifferent models for the supply curve will be presented and fitted to actual data. The supply cur ve is shown to exist and therefore it is shown that size and direction of a trade does affec t the price obtained in a trade. In conclusion, the model most likely to be the best to describe the liquidity for the given bonds is selected. The model that best fitted the provided d ata was the S-shaped logarithmic model where the rather high bid-ask spread and market par ticipants' tendency to place their orders alongside other orders were well captured.


ABSTRACT This study was focused on the types of politeness principles. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. The data were the transcript of Barrack Obama's interviews which were downloaded from internet. The findings showed that there were 31 utterances which contained 6 types of politeness principles. Obama tended to use the expressions of agreement maxim (51,61%), approbation maxim (22,58%), generosity maxim (12,9%), tact maxim (6,45%), modesty maxim (3,22%), and sympathy maxim (3,22%). The most dominant type of politeness principles was agreement maxim which means that Obama tried to minimize disagreement between self and others and maximize agreement between self and others. Keyword :  politeness principles, types of politeness principles, interview.


In this work, ellipsometric measurements were used to optimise the technology of machine working the polished parts made of MgF2 optical ceramics. The ellipsometry is a high-performance contactless method to control quality of optical surfaces, which is used here due to a sharp response of light polarisation conditions to the properties and parameters of surface and subsurface layers in investigated reflective systems. It is shown that the highly productive technology of diamond polishing provides achievement of ellipsometric parameters at a level of conventional methods of polishing.


We analyze the feasibility of continuous variable quantum key distribution from satellite. By modeling the signal transmission, we quantify the achievable key rate including finite size effects. Results will help in determining mission requirements.


IN a society with marked cultural divisions, these divisions tend to intrude into economic life A racial or religious group dominates in one field of economic activity, while it is virtually excluded elsewhere. This is no accident, for the cultural bond can help to secure the social networks which carry business forward. But these cultural divisions also act as formidable barriers to change, cramping and distorting the evolution of new patterns of relationship. Economic innovation may then be stultified less by lack of resources than by lack of a social network, of conventions of mutual trust and understanding, through which to organize its affairs. This is a characteristic problem of a dual economy-meaning here simply any economy where such cultural divisions have become a dominant organizing principle of economic management. In this paper, I want to discuss the dual economy from the standpoint of a local businessman-not the manager, of an international company, nor the influential politician who sits on boards of directors, but the man who has built up his own concern, and is trying to be more than just a petty shopkeeper or a self-employed craftsman. Such a man stands in the middle of the systems of relationship in which the economy is divided. He is ambitious, progressive, yet still partly held by the values and obligations of the small-scale rural community in which he grew up. He has to think out afresh how to handle his suppliers, his bank, his workers and customers, because he is a newcomer to the commercial or industrial activity he undertakes and there are no precedents to guide him. Men of other races may have run similar businesses before, even in the same place, but they worked within the conventions of different cultures. He has to pioneer his own solution to the problems of management which confront him, mediating between the demands of economy institutions at large and the expectations of his own people. For him, the disjointedness of a dual economy presents a set of practical difficulties which he must overcome if his business is to survive. I will try to describe how African businessmen in Kenya characteristically handle this situation. My information comes mostly from


CT The Japanese government and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) agreed to and signed a Memorandum of Understanding on May 9, 1985, for Phase B of the Space Station Freedom Program (SSFP), stating that the Japanese would pa rti ci pat e in the program with a Japanese Experiment Module (JEM), a multipurpose research and development laboratory. The Phase B study was a two year effort. The design requirements and development plan for Phases C/D were completed in Ma rch 1987. Their updates, due to the introduction of the phased approach, were completed in September 1987. Japan signed the Inter-Government al Agreement for the Phase C/D/E activities of the international SSFP with the U.S., Canada, and European partners on September 29, 1988, and will be approved by the Japanese Diet (i.e. Japanese legislatures) by early this summer. JEM baseline functions will accommodate general scientific experiments and technological development, including microgravity research. JEM consists of three structural elements: a Pressurized Module (PM), an Exposed Facility (EF) and an Experiment Logistic Module (ELM). These three elements are functionally integrated by a scientific and equipment airlock, and a remote manipulator. This enhances the JEM functions required by the Japanese users and makes the JEM unique.


A man presented with nevi on his back and a nontender, ulcerated lesion on his upper arm that was heterogenous in color with irregular borders.


In his well-known and widely discussed (in the Anglophone philosophical world) book, Mind and World, John McDowell appeals to Kant's dictum about thoughts without content being empty and intuitions without concepts being blind as encapsulating the idea of conceptualism about the content of perceptual experience. It can be argued that the appeal might be considered inadequate, and that for a variety of reasons, one of them being that if Kant endorsed conceptualism, along the lines of McDowell, he would be committed to retrace to the position he was overtly critical with, namely the position of the rationalist metaphysics; alternatively, he would lapse into idealism very much akin to the Hegelian one. This is because McDowell's conceptualism ultimately downplays the role of sensibility in mediating the relation between "mind" and "world", key to recognizing the limits on cognition which Kant's doctrine of transcendental idealism imposes upon subjects.


The lack of general applicability of the many theoretical models for the mixed alkali effect (MAE) in glasses is briefly reviewed. Although the MAE appears to be related to the bonding affinity of alkali ions to charge compensating centers in the glass network, experimental scatter and the difficulty of comparing different glass networks have prevented systematic tests of this relationship. The present paper discusses why the mixed alkali germanate glasses should provide a glass system where the concentration and strength of charge-compensating centers can be systematically varied and the relationship to the MAE tested. Such tests are only possible if the ionic conductivity of a series of mixed alkali germanate glasses can be measured in a reproducible manner. The measurements of the ionic conductivity of two series of X(Na,Rb) 2 O:(1-X)GeO 2 glasses, with X = 0.19 and X = 0.29, respectively, suggest the necessary reproducibility can be attained.


An earlier study of the theoretical and methodological postures used by the authors of 1,434 sociological journal articles found that those with a realist or social factist theoretical approach ten...


1 Title: Reducing contamination risk in cluster-randomised infectious disease intervention trials Submitted to: International Journal of Epidemiology Robert S. McCann1,2, Henk van den Berg1, Willem Takken1, Amanda G. Chetwynd3, Emanuele Giorgi3, Dianne J. Terlouw4,5, Peter J. Diggle3 1Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands 2College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi 3Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom 4Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Program, Blantyre, Malawi 5Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom Abstract Background: Infectious disease interventions are increasingly tested using clusterrandomised trials. These trial settings tend to involve a set of sampling units, such as villages, whose geographic arrangement may present a contamination risk in treatment exposure. The most widely used approach for reducing contamination in these settings is the so-called fried-egg design, which excludes the outer portion of all available clusters from the primary trial analysis. However, the fried-egg design ignores potential intracluster spatial heterogeneity and makes the outcome measure inherently less precise. While the fried-egg design may be appropriate in specific settings, alternative methods to optimise the design of cluster-randomised trials in other settings are lacking.


The dirhodium(II) tetraacetate catalysed reaction of ethyl diazoacetate with 2,3-dihydropyrrole-2,2-dicarboxylate 5 afforded the useful 2-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane derivative 6. Its conversion into the proline-γ-acetic acid equivalent 9 as well as into the four isomers constituting the 4-(carboxymethyl)proline 13(16a–19a) whose absolute configuration was established by an alternative asymmetric synthesis of two of them is described. Preliminary data concerning the affinity of compounds 16a–19a for the NMDA site of the NMDA receptor complex are also reported.


Acalypha indica L. and Acalypha wilkesiana Muell.Arg. which are member of Euphorbiaceae have ethnopharmacological history. However, the use of Acalypha indica L. and Acalypha wilkesiana Muell.Arg. have not been optimalized. The objective of this study was to know the antioxidant activity, secondary metabolites content, the location and distribution of secondary metabolites, and secretory structure of Acalypha indica L. and Acalypha wilkesiana Muell.Arg. Antioxidant activity were determined by DPPH methode using chloroform and methanol extracts of stems, leaves, and the mixture of flowers-fruits-seeds. Secondary metabolites contents were tested using various reagent and measured using spectrophotometre. Moreover, the distribution of secondary metabolites were analyzed by histochemical test. DPPH test showed that methanolic extract of leaves and the mixture of flowers-fruits-seeds of Acalypha wilkesiana performed the best antioxidant activity compared to other samples. The IC50 value of leaves and flowers-fruits-seeds mixture methanolic extracts were 3,42±0,78 μg/ml and 4,71±0,71 μg/ml respectively. The phenol content of leaves and the mixture of flowersfruits-seeds methanolic extract of Acalypha wilkesiana were 238,89±19,48% GAE and 301,22±32,16% GAE respectively; flavonoids content were 36,93±2,01% QE and 58,67±1,51% QE respectively; and tannin content were 84,18±5,68% GAE and 60,96±0,67% GAE respectively. Antioxidant activity could be due to the phenol, flavonoids, and tannin contents. The histochemical test showed that phenol, flavonoids, tannin, and alkaloids could be found in the stems, leaves, and the mixture of flowers-fruits-seeds of Acalypha indica and Acalypha wilkesiana. The distribution of various mentioned group of compound were almost in the whole of various tissues. The secretory stuctures were consisted of internal structure and external structure which in the forrm of capitate glandular trichome.


OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the impact of more open access to health services by Thailand's universal health coverage (UHC) on diagnostic delay of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) by comparing results with our previous study prior to the UHC. Reasons for delay in attending healthcare professional (HCP) consultation were also investigated.

METHODS
A structure questionnaire was employed to interview 154 OSCC consecutive patients. Variables were included for Cox proportional regression models to conclude the hazard ratio of each delay.

RESULTS
Regarding patient delay, those who had more than 12-year education showed less delay (HR 0.46, 95% CI: 0.21-1.01) while longer delay was found in farmers (HR 1.49, 95% CI: 1.05-2.11). Compared with the previous study, there was no association between herbal medication and patient delay, herbal medication and total delay, nor religion and total delay. Professional delay showed no association with any variable. Only half of the patients received initial proper HCP management in both studies. Patient delay was mostly (89.9%) due to unawareness of the lesion severity.

CONCLUSIONS
Open access to the healthcare system had an influence on diagnostic delay. Public education and precise clinical acumen by HCPs in OSCC diagnosis are needed for early detection.


A metal/peptide interface was developed to nucleate hydroxyapatite from aqueous solution. To achieve this, three different modifications were performed on mirror polished Ti-6Al-4V (MPT): 1) thermal oxidation (TO) at 500, 600, 700, 800 °C, 2) chemical treatment with H2O2/HCl and 3) chemical treatment with H2O2/HCl followed by TO at 500, 600, 700, 800 °C. It was found that with the increase of the TO temperature the topography increased and the composition of the surfaces changed, forming TiO2 crystals and increasing the Al2O3 content on the surface.
These changes affected locally the surfaces charge behaviour in acidic and alkaline aqueous environments that were clue to the electrostatic interaction between the peptide, which presented positive and negative charged amino acids, and the surface. The peptide adsorption was highest on the surfaces that was chemically treated and thermal oxidised at 500 °C.
The peptide coating was confirmed on the surface by the change of the charge behaviour in acidic and alkaline aqueous environments and its chemical composition. In addition, the growth of hydroxyapatite (HA) was obtained on the peptide coated surfaces confirming its bioactivity. Finally, it was shown that the surfaces with HA presented a better cell adhesion than the other modified surfaces.


The responses of many rotational crops to Caparol, Karmex, and Treflan applied in cotton have been determined by research and grower experience. Three newer herbicides, Prowl, Tolban, and Basalin, are now used in cotton but less is known about their soil persistence and possible problems in crop rotations. Tests were conducted in the greenhouse at Tucson in 1980 to determine the response of barley, sorghum, sugarbeets, and wheat to low levels of Prowl, Tolban, and Basalin in the soil. The soil (60% sand, 25% silt, 15% clay, and 1% organic matter) was treated with 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 ounces per acre of each herbicide. The soil was mixed to incorporate the herbicide. The soil was surface irrigated and allowed to drain. Seed of each crop were placed on the moist soil surface and covered with dry, treated soil. After emergence seedlings were thinned to 6 to 10 per pot. After 2 to 3 weeks plant height was measured and root development estimated. The following table indicates the lowest rate of each herbicide which reduced top and root growth of crops in two or three experiments.


Many low vision students do not reach an efficient and fluent reading during their schooling stage. The research started with a study in which a Programme to enhance reading efficiency in a case of Bitemporal Heteronymous Hemianopia was applied. Afterwards, an exploratory study about real reading practice of the visual impaired students in Secondary Education who mainly use the vision was conducted. Most of the students have a monocular reading, they use short distance and do not need optical aids. The reading efficiency showed: a high typical deviation, low reading speed, low level of comprehension and difficulties with words recognition. In order to collect information 53 questionnaires were used by the researchers. The questionnaires showed that most of the students read ink printed contents; they considered having an adequate access to information and being able to improve with the practice. EFILECT proposes an intervention program based on a combined model of procedures like: repeated reading, joint reading and speed reading techniques. Thus a pilot study was conducted and now it is being applied to a sample of students with visual impairment and reading difficulties with a significant improvement. A more in depth research is needed in order to optimize readding efficiency and minimize the learning efforts.


To improve the performance of strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS) with dithered ring laser gyroscopes(RLG) in heavy vibration condition,it needs to sample the output data of inertial sensors with high speed and save the data for off line simulation.A patulous USB interface based on CY7C68013A was used to collect lots of capability data and save them to the peripheral PC.And the high-speed communication between navigation computer and PC is achieved.The circular buffer was established to avoid lose data.Tested for thousands of hours,the communication device can collect and save data exactly.Experimental results prove its feasibility and reliability,which is helpful to analyze SINS' precision.


The neurotoxicity of /3‐amyloid protein (/3AP) fragments may be a result of their solution conformation, which is very sensitive to solution conditions. In this work we describe NMR and CD studies of the conformation of /3AP( 12‐28) in lipid (micelle) environments as a function of pH and lipid type. The interaction of /?AP( 12‐28) with zwitterionic dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) micelles is weak and alters the conformation when compared to water solution alone. By contrast, the interaction of the peptide with anionic sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) micelles is strong: /3AP(12‐28) is mostly bound, is a‐helical from K16 to V24, and aggregates slowly. The pH‐dependent conformational changes of /?AP( 12‐28) in solution occur in the pH range at which the side‐chain groups of E22, D23, HI3, and H14 are deprotonated (pAs ca. 4 and 6.5); the interaction of/3AP( 12‐28) with SDS micelles alters the pH‐dependent conformational transitions of the peptide whereas the weak interaction with DPC micelles causes little change.


The problem of the land reform is an exceedingly complex topic. The social, political and economic aspects of the problem are analyzed in details. Less attention is paid to the issue of the land reform in terms of the spiritual foundations of the Ukrainian nation. Purpose. The article is a study of historical continuity, scale of the consequences of the destruction of the spiritual foundations of the nation as a result of Bolshevik collectivization and current reform. Method. Analyzing not only economic problems of land reform, but also other aspects such as the spiritual foundations of the Ukrainian nation from the point of view of philosophical reflection helps determine the facts and understand their deep essence better. Results. Bolsheviks had to deal with a socio-cultural world of free farmers which brought up in the peasant culture with its special values and moral standards based on an exclusive identity of the agricultural activity in the Ukrainian village. For the majority of Ukrainian peasants the Bolshevik collectivist form of government from the beginning were organically unacceptable. Today's technological conditions of life in every way alienates the ground, and modern man increasingly gets into a situation observer, not a full and responsible owner. Originality. The article demonstrates that the awareness of the people's roots fastens the organic relationship between the spiritual life principles and national identity mechanisms and helps each Ukrainian understand the meaning of their existence in time and space and identify themselves with the nation. Conclusion. Ukrainians are a grain-grower nation. Archetype land passes through the whole array of Ukrainian history of spirituality. Therefore, land reform should be seen not only and not so much from the economic side, and, above all, from the mental side.


Generally, proof procedures based on model generation perform bottom-up processing of clauses. Several algorithms for generating (minimal) models for disjunctive theories were advanced in the literature. Used for query answering, bottom-up procedures tend to explore a much larger search space than is strictly needed. On the other hand, top-down processing usually has a more focused search space which can result in more eecient query answering. In this paper we establish a strong connection between model generation and clause derivabi-lity that allows us to use a (minimal) model generating procedure for evaluating queries in a top-down fashion. In contrast to other methods our approach requires no extensive rewriting of the input theory and introduces no new predicates. Rather, it is based on a certain duality principle for interpreting logical connectives achieved by reversing the direction of implication connectives in the clauses representing both the theory and the negation of the query. The application of a generic (minimal) model generating procedure to the transformed clause set results in top-down query answering. We explain the reasoning behind the transformation and show how the duality approach can be utilized for reened query answering by specifying the conditions under which the query becomes derivable from the theory. Our initial testing points to a clear eeciency advantage of the advanced approach as compared to traditional bottom-up processing for the class of positive queries against a disjunctive database.


The thesis presents a brief introduction of autonomous learning and self-efficacy.Based on the theory of autonomous learning,it touches on the necessity about how to cultivate students' autonomous learning abilities in the process of higher vocational English teaching from the point of self-efficacy,one branch of social cognitive theory.On the other hand,the paper points out several effective teaching strategies to promote the students' self-efficacy and cultive their autonomous learning ability.


ARC/INFO system is widely used in GIS. But the system does not satisfy the user's real time requirement when it is used in large scaled computing. This paper analyses the reason why the speed of generating a flight animation is very low. A strategy of using parallel computing for acceleration is proposed according to the analysis and the arithmetic is designed. The system can generate flight animation parallel on Cluster architcture. It meets the user's requirement for real time handling.


Transnet Freight Rail monitors the behaviour of a new track foundation, constructed in 2004, on the South African Coal Line. This site forms part of a major rehabilitation project, aimed at increasing the capacity of the line to sustain future growth in annual tonnage. Sophisticated instrumentation is used to measure resilient and permanent deformation of the track foundation. Preliminary results of this research were published shortly after the construction of the new track foundation. Results of the permanent deformation, gathered over a period of 5 years, are now presented to provide new insight into the long-term behaviour of track foundations. Permanent deformation measurements are used to calculate the expected design life of a track foundation. The results are used to predict permanent deformation and ultimately the design life of the track foundation under heavy haul loading conditions. The research provides a scientific basis for planning foundation rehabilitation in the light of sustained capital expansion and projected tonnage increase on the Coal Line and other heavy haul lines.


In the career of any thinker, a time may come when old convictions no longer seem credible, when a familiar perspective seems unreliable, when previously shared beliefs seem exhausted, and yet when the outline of a faded confidence remains intact — a trace of faith legible enough to show and explain to others, at a juncture when such explanations seem necessary. A writer may then describe with special clarity the beliefs he is leaving behind, for having lived a way of thinking with passion, he can grasp both its limits and appeal. Perhaps he is not completely embittered by a sense of betrayal. Then he may have the patience and perspicacity to make his own crisis emblematic.


The present invention relates to brown adipose tissue (BAT) cells derived from adult stem or progenitor cells, derived from adult white fat tissue (WAT), as well as to methods for deriving such cells.


Female patients with melanoma have an approximate 30 percent advantage over men in survival and progression, according to a recent study.


In this letter we generalise the baryon vertex configuration of AdS/CFT by adding a suitable instantonic magnetic field on its worldvolume, dissolving D-string charge. A careful analysis of the configuration shows that there is an upper bound on the number of dissolved strings. This could be a manifestation of the stringy exclusion principle. We provide a microscopical description of this configuration in terms of a dielectric effect for the dissolved strings.


The technology of reservoir stochastic geological modeling,which is a new technology describing reservoir three-dimensional feature,can describe three-dimensional space reservoir geological feature.But for complex type reservoir or lesser wells in the work area,reservoir changes between wells exist biggish indetermination.This paper introduce a method which use three-dimensional seismic data to restrict three-dimensional geological modeling between wells.This method can reduce the indetermination of reservoir distribution between wells and improve the precision of three-dimensional geological modeling.Due to its good effect,it can be taken as references for congeneric research.


Multiple populations have been recently detected in most Galactic globular clusters, even with no significant spread in metallicity. Unusual features of the observed colourmagnitude diagrams can be explained by differences in the He content of the stars belonging to the sub-populations. We report on empirical evidence of He abundance spread in a few globular clusters, with particular attention to NGC 2808, where He abundance variation has been measured in a pair of otherwise identical red giant stars using the HeI 1083 nm line. A quantitative estimate of this difference has been derived by appropriate chromospheric modelling, in very good agreement with stellar evolution requirements.


I bedamne interested in thVeibfstf and niumerous portraits of Slhakespeare in the following manner::Three years ago SMr. H. Oafway came to tlhe Museum of tlhe Royal College of Soirgeons, bringing with him a terra-cotta mask he had discovered in the shop of a curio deatler in one of the Englislh Iidland' Oounties./ The miask iepresented the featired of Sliakespearev-thosb features with which the monument at Stratford-p.o-Avon lhas made uis 'familiar. There were numnerous difterehces in detait whien tlle bust and ask were compnred, "and the -question. had arisen wlletiler the newly-discoveied mask might not be a squeeze a moderled-up squeeze was tlieterm Mr. Konody used in! his decription-from tlle cast whiclh is said to


Accurate lane-change prediction information in real time is essential to safely operate Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) on the roadways, especially at the early stage of AVs deployment, where there will be an interaction between AVs and human-driven vehicles. This study proposed reliable lane-change prediction models considering features from vehicle kinematics, machine vision, driver, and roadway geometric characteristics using the trajectory-level SHRP2 Naturalistic Driving Study and Roadway Information Database. Several machine learning algorithms were trained, validated, tested, and comparatively analyzed including, Classification And Regression Trees (CART), Random Forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Naïve Bayes (NB) based on six different sets of features. In each feature set, relevant features were extracted through a wrapper-based algorithm named Boruta. The results showed that the XGBoost model outperformed all other models in relation to its highest overall prediction accuracy (97%) and F1-score (95.5%) considering all features. However, the highest overall prediction accuracy of 97.3% and F1-score of 95.9% were observed in the XGBoost model based on vehicle kinematics features. Moreover, it was found that XGBoost was the only model that achieved a reliable and balanced prediction performance across all six feature sets. Furthermore, a simplified XGBoost model was developed for each feature set considering the practical implementation of the model. The proposed prediction model could help in trajectory planning for AVs and could be used to develop more reliable advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) in a cooperative connected and automated vehicle environment.


The "Makjang" means the last blind end of a coal mine. As the meaning of the 'Makjang Drama' is designated drama it contains a reckless, unrealistic storyline by the complicated relationship that involves illicit love, incest and revenge etc. and intensive scenes, coarse language. As of 50 years of Korean Drama, the Makjang Drama prevailed due to the active middle aged women viewers. Terrestial wave station had a crisis which resulted in having lost vested rights for broadcasting in the society of multi-channel and multi-media and so they created the Makjang Drama which became a remarkable settlement as a promotional product with multiple usages and ongoing sale. Also it becomes a background that the reality of Makjang , a reflection of society and an alleviation of regulation. First of all, the production of "MakDeu" (Makjang Drama) is simple and it complies with low cost efficiency. It guarantees a safe audience rating and ability to grant a new turning point of a new Korean cultural rush. After everything, 'MakDeu' is the end of mannerisms and populisms created by a producer who lacks a creative mind and the studying of life concepts seriously. Hereby, the public broadcasting of Terrestial wave station went on air in the morning hours and family hours (evening 7-9 pm), and as a serial drama it lead to quite dysfunctional actions. For its improvement, it needs the Green Drama Campaign with self-consistency and self-adjustment, restricted broadcasting hours for families, the legislation of compendium and active supervision by the public audience.


In the mystical worldview, the word "love" denotes a broad and multilayered concept. Most mystics from different nations regard love as one of the basic principles and lessons in the world of mysticism. Many of them have pledged underlying conditions in the path of conduct and achievement to the position of knowledge and certainty of majesty of God to the elixir of love. In the school of Mowlana, love has a high status, and human perfection is possible by recognizing the Imam or leader in the combination of love. On the other hand, most Indian schools were influenced by "Bhakti Marga", which was more prominently displayed in the Ramanuja School, as it grew in the works of South India and Tamil, and as the "New Age" movement continued. Therefore, in this article, we are going to examine the comparative approach of this concept based on Rumi's poems and the teachings of Ramanuja. In fact, our aim is to analyze the mutual and different views of both mystics on love and its nature.


The paper describes the topological structure and the principle of the three-phase voltage-source PWM rectifier.The mathematical models under the three-phase stationary coordinate system and two-phase rotating coordinate system are set up.The current feed-forward decoupling control strategy and SVPWM strategy are studied.The structure of three-phase voltage-source PWM rectifier control system is designed and the simulation of the three-phase voltage-source PWM rectifier model is carried out with Matlab.Simulation result proved that this control method have fast dynamic response,voltage stabilization in DC side,sine waveform in AC side and same phase position between current and voltage,so the unity power factor is realized and harmonic is eliminated effectively.The simulation results showed the feasibility of the design method,and correctness of the simulation model.


A study was made of the spatial structure and variability of hydrophysical fields at interannual, synoptic and partly seasonal temporal scales on the basis of temperature and salinity data, observed by the Japanese R.V. "Ruofu Maru" by means of 17 winter and 12 summer sections along 130, 135, 137 and 150/spl deg/E from the equator up to 30-34/spl deg/N in the 0-1000 m layer. The data were used in an eddy resolving barotropic model of the South China Sea (SCS). Thermal exchanges between the sea and the atmosphere were incorporated in the model low-frequency variability (with periods of several years) of the sea surface temperature (SST). Storms were simulated with a stochastic representation of the external source. A regime with long-period SST oscillations (2.5 and 1.3 years) was obtained.<<ETX>>