The Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (BISDN) based on lightwave technology is expected to become the all purpose exchange area communications network of the future. High Definition TV (HDTV) and Extended Quality TV (EQTV, a signal according to the CCIR rec. 601) coexist on the network to facilitate the introduction of HDTV. This paper proposes two intralrame hierarchical coding schemes based on a subband coding strategy. Both schemes code the HDTV signal for the 135 Mbps channel while the EQTV signal is coded for the 45 Mbps subchannel. A theoretical analysis of hierarchical coding shows that if we first code the EQTV signal and secondly the HDTV signal, it is possible to obtain two optimally coded signals. This is realized in the first hierarchical coding scheme: the so-called Refinement system. An alternative for the Refinement system is the Selection sytem with an optimally coded HDTV signal only, but with a simpler coding structure.


We study the global dynamics of following 3×6 exponential system of difference equations: xn+1=α1+β1e−xnγ1+yn−1,yn+1=α2+β2e−ynγ2+zn−1,zn+1=α3+β3e−znγ3+xn−1,n=0,1,⋯, where parameters αi,βi,γi (i=1,2,3) and initial conditions xi,yi,zi (i=0,−1) are nonnegative real numbers. The proposed work is considerably extended and improve some existing results in the literature. Finally, theoretical results are verified by numerical simulations.


1. Plant Metabolism 1.1. Primary Metabolism 1.2 Secondary Metabolism 2. Phytochemical Variation in Plants 2.1 Variation within a Population 2.2 Variation within an Organism 3. Plant Defense Theory 4. Mammalian Metabolism of Phytochemicals 4.1. Digestion and Oxidation 4.2. Detoxification 5. Mammalian Herbivory 5.1. The Genome 5.2 Affective and Cognitive Learning 5.3 Palatability 5.4. Social Learning 5.5 Nutritive State 5.6. The Power of Choice 5.7 When Learning Fails Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches


"Indeed his [Montaigne's] essay project is neither a monographic memoir nor an intimate journal" (Calhoun 2).
 The English writer Julian Barnes (Leicester, 1946) published Levels of Life (2013) a few years after the sudden and untimely passing of his wife Pat Kavanagh, in October 2008. The three parts of the text are very subtly intertwined, the first two being an exercise in historiographic metafiction with real-life characters from the past and the last, a unique intimate portrait of the author's own grief. Inventiveness is a distinctive trait of this postmodern British narrator who has cultivated it with generic blending in the metafictional practice, excelling in the tension between fictional and non-fictional writing because of the unreliable nature of reconstructing the past accurately, whether far-removed or immediate, unconnected or personal: "As memory researchers from fields as diverse as neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and philosophy have argued, remembering involves a reinterpretation of the past in the present"(Smith and Watson 22).
 In order to discover the originality of a similar work given that Barnes is also a staunch Francophile, borne out of a thorough knowledge of the French language and culture —Gustave Flaubert being his personality cult—, which permeates both his fiction and non-fiction oeuvre. In the vein of Montaigne's essayistic style and deeply influenced by him, his inspiration also stems from the posthumous journals of Alphonse Daudet (1840-1897) and Jules Renard (1864-1910): La Doulou (1929), translated by Barnes himself, and Journal (1925-1927), respectively. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to outline this French legacy in the original conceptualisation of this author's postmodern autographical narrative which is beyond a clear genre categorization.


Abstract: Nowadays the scientific literature on human values is focused on identify a comprehensive set of values that help to explain individual differences in people's attitudes and behavior. The research investigation coordinated by Schwartz (2012) concluded about the structure of basic values recognized in all societies and identified how these values are organized into a coherent system that reflects the dynamics of value based, individual decision makin g. Current paper contributes with evidence to the theory of values reformulated by Schwartz in 2012, according to which values are arrayed 47 on a circular motivational continuum in dynamic relationship. on a circular motivational continuum in dynamic relationship. A total of 220 youth respondents from the West sideA total of 220 youth respondents from the West side of of Romania have answered using a Likert scale from 1 to 6 to a Romania have answered using a Likert scale from 1 to 6 to a 46 items online questionnaire. The 46 items questionnaire 46 items online questionnaire. The 46 items questionnaire shows solid internal consistency. This study brings evidence shows solid internal consistency. This study brings evidence to interclasses dynamic relationships between health as a to interclasses dynamic relationships between health as a security consersecurity conservation value and conformity as a conservation vation value and conformity as a conservation value, both included in the selfvalue, both included in the self--protection anxietyprotection anxiety--avoidance avoidance value specter. Conclusions and implications are discussed.value specter. Conclusions and implications are discussed.


North Yorkshire Police are appealing for witnesses following a single vehicle fatal collision on the A1. It occurred at approximately 5.45am on Friday ...


We survey some recent work related to electrochromic W-oxide-based thin films. The electronic structure of cubic (perovskite) WO3 and HWO3 was calculated from first principles. It was found, among other things, that hydroxide formation was energetically favored. Experimental studies were made on films prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering in Ar + O2 with and without CF4 addition and substrate bias. Structural studies by atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction, infrared reflectance spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy indicated that the electron bombardment associated with a positive substrate bias led to grain growth and partial crystallization while maintaining a high density of W equals O double bonds presumably on internal surfaces. Electrochemical and spectrophotometric measurements demonstrated, in particular, that tandem films -- with a thin protective layer of electron bombarded oxide covering a thicker oxyfluoride layer -- were able to combine rapid dynamics of the electrochromism with good durability. Oblique angle sputtering in Ar + O2 gave films whose microstructure comprised inclined columns, as seen from scanning electron microscopy. Pronounced angular selective transmittance was found to coexist with electrochromism.


In this paper, we propose an algorithm for automatically generating an optimum planar grasp. Every finger is replaced with a two-dimensional linear spring model. Grasp stability is evaluated by using the eigenvalues of the grasp stiffness matrix derived from the potential energy of the spring. To decrease the number of searching iterations, we derive the partial differentiation of the matrix by the contact position parameters. Based on the differentiation, we propose an algorithm for regulating the grasp positions in order to increase the grasp stability. Effectiveness of our method is demonstrated through numerical examples.


In this study, the potential use of sunflower seed hull hemicellulosic hydrolysate for ethanol production with sunflower seed hull hemicellulosic hydrolysate adapted Pichia stipitis was investigated. For this purpose, P. stipitis was first adapted to hemicellulosic hydrolysate and then fermentation performance of P. stipitis with three hydrolysate which were subjected to different pretreatments was studied by fermentation experiments performed in shaking flasks. The highest concentration of alcohol (9.51g/L), best yield (0.32g/g) and maximum productivity (0.057 g/L h) were obtained with the fermentation of over-limed hydrolysate with CaO. Same alcohol concentration (9,51 g/L) was also achieved with the fermentation of hydrolysate treated with overlimed + sulfite addition.


We report the discovery of a new ultra-bright submillimeter galaxy (SMG) behind the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). This SMG is detected as a 43.3 ± 8.4 mJy point source (MM J01071−7302, hereafter MMJ0107) in the 1.1 mm continuum survey of the SMC by AzTEC on the ASTE telescope. MMJ0107 is also detected in the radio (843 MHz), Herschel/SPIRE, Spitzer MIPS 24 μm, all IRAC bands, Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, and near-infrared (J, H, KS). We find an optical (U, B, V) source, which might be the lensing object, at a distance of 1.″4 from near-infrared and IRAC sources. Photometric redshift estimates for the SMG using representative spectral energy distribution templates show the redshifts of 1.4–3.9. We estimate total far-infrared luminosity of (0.3–2.2) × 1014 μ−1 L☉ and a star formation rate of 5600–39, 000 μ−1 M☉ yr−1, where μ is the gravitational magnification factor. This apparent extreme star formation activity is likely explained by a highly magnified gravitational lens system.


The utility of an antibody as a research tool is dependant on the antibody recognizing the proper protein target. Most often antibody function is determined by Western blot analysis, with recognition of a band of the appropriate molecular weight denoting proper function. In this study we used siRNA‐mediated protein knockdown to evaluate antibody specificity. Lysates from siRNA‐transfected cells were probed using antibodies from Thermo Scientific SuperSignal® siRNA/Antibody kits as well as other commercially available antibodies. Interestingly, we observed for several targets that some commercially available antibodies recognized a band of the appropriate molecular weight that was not the correct protein, as judged by lack of siRNA‐mediated protein knockdown. Other commercially available antibodies required considerable Western blot optimization. The antibodies in the Thermo Scientific SuperSignal® siRNA/Antibody Modules all detected a protein band that was specifically reduced with corresponding siRNA treatment. These studies highlight the value of siRNA‐validation of antibodies for Western blotting and other protein detection applications.


We construct phase-space structure of a typical higher-order theory of gravity, in the background of anisotropic Bianchi-1 mini-superspace, following 'modified Horowitz formalism' as well as applying 'Dirac algorithm' (after taking care of the divergent terms), and establish equivalence. Canonical quantization, and semiclassical approximation are performed to expatiate the fact that such a quantum theory transits successfully to a classical de-Sitter Universe. Inflation has thereafter been studied. The numerical values of the inflationary parameters show excellent agreement with the latest released Planck's data.


ABSTRACT Dinoflagellate cysts from the LB-5 core in the San Gregorio Formation (SGF) from the La Purísima area, Baja California Sur, Mexico, limit the age of the studied succession to Oligocene–Miocene (28–20Ma). Our results allow correlation of this core with the type locality and another well-dated sections of the SGF in the region, namely the nearby La Purísima section, with an unequivocal Oligocene–Miocene boundary (O/M – 23Ma). Lithology and dinoflagellate cyst data indicate mainly marine sedimentary environments, with a transgression from continental at the base to upper bathyal (200–500 m) in the O/M level (∼243 m), and a regression towards the top of the unit. Dinoflagellate cysts are virtually absent in some intervals, probably due to oxidation during diagenesis. The abundance of heterotrophic taxa during intervals with high cyst concentrations indicates that palynological preservation was adequate for quantitative analyses in the rest of the samples. Samples with dinoflagellate cyst concentrations >2000 cysts/gram of sediment (c/g sed), the abundance of heterotrophic taxa, and the presence of phosphoritic layers and diatomites indicate high biogenic productivity during the deposition of the SGF. Intense upwelling conditions in the area are probably associated with the cold events Mi-1 (∼23Ma) near the O/M and Mi-1a (∼21.7Ma) at ca. 170 m depth. Quantitative dinoflagellate cyst data in the LB-5 core suggest lower productivity (mean = 203 c/g sed) in the Oligocene than during the Miocene (mean = 848 c/g sed) interval. The absolute abundances of the Miocene intervals indicate similar dinoflagellate cyst concentrations in the LB-5 core and modern samples from the Pescadero Basin in the southern Gulf of California.


This summer I worked with Dr. Leah Edelstein-Keshet, MSc student Dhananjay Bhaskar, and PhD student Cole Zmurchok on two major projects: simulating GTPase dynamics in cells, and generating synthetic images of cells based on real microscopy cell images. Results from both projects will be submitted for publication in the near future. In this report I will give a brief overview of both projects, describe the technical work that I had done, and present some of the results we obtained. More detailed descriptions of these projects are available at request through email@example.com.


This paper aims to identify the key determinants of energy ination in Pakistan. The motivation of this study arises due to the on-going issues related to energy crisis and its price setting behavior. The empirical analysis based on OLS, GLS and GMM reveal that international oil prices, money supply, bilateral exchange rates of Pak-rupee with US-dollar, tax revenue collection of manufacturing sector, energy import-gap ratio and adaptive expectations are critical determinants which positively contribute to the energy ination. The behavior of monetary and scal authorities seems to be pro-cyclical in response to energy supply side bottlenecks. This pro-cyclical behavior along with any international oil price shock put upward pressure on energy ination. Be that as it may, the role of governance and eective long term planning to meet energy demand will be crucial


The utility model relates to a strong abrasive band. The strong abrasive band can solve the defect that a connector of the abrasive band can be frequently broken; two connected end faces of the abrasive band are respectively provided with a fluff layer firstly, and then can be laminated to adhere through an adhesive layer; the middle part of the strong abrasive band is formed with a connecting structure of the fluff layer and the adhesive layer or a connector of an adhesive mixed layer; as a result, the strong abrasive band has the advantages of improving the service life of the abrasive band, reducing the production cost of a user, etc.


In recent years, automotive companies have become increasingly competitive. With margins already thin, automotive manufactures look to streamlining operating and development cost. One particular area of interest is the increased usage of math analysis tools to reduce development time and resources. By using math analysis tools to predict product design behavior and validate requirements, the need for costly testing hardware is reduced. This thesis addresses the question of where to focus math analysis development efforts in order to optimize hardware reduction, through the development of a decision-support optimization model. In addition, the thesis addresses the cultural and organizational barriers associated with implementing new engineering technology. Providing engineers with the best math analysis tools does not ensure that they will use or trust it. Successful implementation of a new technology requires careful planning from both the technical and societal perspectives. Thesis Advisors: Professor James M. Utterback, Sloan School of Management Professor Steven D. Eppinger, Sloan School of Management


In general, the seismic intensity deduced from instrumental data has been evaluated from the empirical relation between the intensity and the PGA. From the point of view that the degree of earthquake damage is more closely associated with the seismic intensity than with the observed PGA, JMA developed the instrumental seismic intensity (JMA instrumental intensity) meter that estimate the real-time seismic intensity from the observed strong motion data to obtain a more correct estimate of earthquake damage. The purpose of the present study is to propose a practical application of the JMA instrumental intensity in Korea. Since the occurrence of strong earthquakes is scarce in the Korean Peninsula, there is an insufficiency of strong motion data. As a result, strong motion data were synthesized by a stochastic procedure to satisfy the characteristics of a seismic source and crustal attenuation of the Peninsula. Six engineering ground motion parameters, including the JMA instrumental intensity, were determined from the synthesized strong motion data. The empirical relations between the ground motion parameters were then analyzed. Cluster analysis to classify the parameters into groups was also performed. The result showed that the JMA acceleration () could be classified into similar group with the spectrum intensity and the relatively distant group with the CAV (Cumulative Absolute Velocity). It is thought that the or JMA intensity can be used as an alternative criterion in the evaluation of seismic damage. On the other hand, attenuation relation equations for PGA and to be used in the prediction of seismic hazard were derived as functions of the moment magnitude and hypocentral distance.


This manuscript reports on a suitable method for the synthesis of paracyclophane type, ferrocene-bridged chiral phosphoric acids, which bear silyl-substituents on their paracyclophane frameworks. These acids have been obtained easily in enantiomerically pure form, by taking advantage of (S)-(1-phenyl-2-cyanoethyl)phosphorodiamidite as a phosphorylating agent. They have been used then as catalysts for aza-Friedel-Crafts reactions between indoles and imines, giving high catalytic activity and up to 98% enantiomeric excess.


Wireless power transmission presents itself as being a solution to some common problems of the extensive use of electronic devices such as the removal of parasitic components present in feeding pads and the constant charge of electronic devices without the need of wires. This solution becomes attractive, for example, as a means of increasing the flight time of battery dependent unmanned aerial vehicles. Microstrip antenna due to their ease of manufacturing, low fabrication cost, support of different polarizations and conformability to irregular surfaces and different substrates, seem very advantageous in being used for microwave power transmission. This paper presents a linearly polarized 16-element antenna array with uniform amplitude and phase excitation proposed for power transmission while both a linearly and circularly polarized single element patch are proposed for reception.


This article details the pernicious odontostomatological effects provoked by antitumorous and immunosuppressive medication. The role of the dentist as a member of the chemotherapeutic team is highlighted as well.


From Mechanics in case that , in an Axisymmetric Rotating Body , with constant Angular-Velocity , w , the moment of Inertia ,


A semiempirical model of the acoustic behavior of fibrously constructed bulk materials of Hersh and Walker (1979) is generalized to take into account the filtration or removal of particles by fibrous mats and heat conduction between the material fibers and the surrounding fluid. Equations governing the propagation and attenuation of sound waves in a fibrous material are derived on the basis of a solution of the Navier Stokes equation for momentum conservation and a one-dimensional model of heat transfer between the sound field and the fibers. A comparison of the two propagation constants and material impedance specified by the model and experimental measurements for Kevlar 29 indicates the accuracy of the model over a wide range of sound frequencies, material porosities and specimen thickness. It is also found that heat transfer effects are relatively unimportant, while the attenuation constants and material characteristic impedance are a function of fiber orientation relative to sound field propagation direction.


Twenty-one patients were studied during a symptomatic episode of asthma before and after treatment with aerosolized isoproterenol. From measurements of arterial blood gases, total ventilation, and alveolar ventilation, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradients (AaPo2) and wasted ventilation ratios were calculated. Airway resistance and dynamic compliance were measured during tidal breathing. Of the 17 patients who responded to treatment by a decrease in resistance, 9 experienced an increase in the AaPo2 (≥ 5 mm Hg) mainly as a result of a decrease in arterial oxygen tension within ten minutes. By 30 minutes, the AaPo2 had returned toward pretreatment values, whereas the resistance remained decreased. These 9 patients had higher initial arterial oxygen tensions than did the 8 patients who did not have an increase in hypoxemia after treatment. It was concluded that increases in hypoxemia after aerosolized isoproterenol therapy for asthma are caused by worsening of ventilation-perfusion relationships, occur mainly ...


Washoe was cross-fostered by humans. She was raised as if she were a deaf human child and so acquired the signs of American Sign Language. Her surrogate human family had been the only people she had really known. She had met other humans who occasionally visited and often seen unfamiliar people over the garden fence or going by in cars on the busy residential street that ran next to her home. She never had a pet but she had seen dogs at a distance and did not appear to like them. While on car journeys she would hang out of the window and bang on the car door if she saw one. Dogs were obviously not part of 'our group'; they were different and therefore not to be trusted. Cats fared no better. The occasional cat that might dare to use her back garden as a shortcut was summarily chased out. Bugs were not favourites either. They were to be avoided or, if that was impossible, quickly flicked away. Washoe had accepted the notion of human superiority very readily almost too readily. Being superior has a very heady quality about it.


1. The laboratory findings in a series of 215 cases of enteric fever are described and discussed, with special reference to early diagnosis. 2. In the majority of the cases reviewed, the leucocyte count was about the lower level of normal limits, though considerable variation both upwards and downwards occurred. 3. Blood culture was a very satisfactory and early method of diagnosis; the method used is described fully. 4. Certain variations from normal in the behaviour of the organisms were encountered and are described. 5. Bact. faecalis alkaligenes was isolated from blood culture in five cases in which enteric group organisms were also isolated from blood, faeces or urine and in three which were clinically enteric fever. The relation of these observations to the possibility of primary Bact. faecalis alkaligenes septicaemia is noted. 6. Seventeen cases were fatal. The causes of death are described.


The study investigates collusion-nonfacilitating features of one-sided auctions. We report the results of oral nondescending bid auction experiments in which the strict bid improvement rule was absent, and compare them with the results of sealed bid auction experiments. In the sealed bid experiments the outcomes converged to the competitive equilibrium. In the oral auctions, collusive outcomes emerged and were sustained with bidders using bid matching strategies. We conclude that oral auctions provide opportunities for tacit coordination and collusion enforcement that do not exist under the sealed bid. Therefore, the strict bid improvement rule becomes critical for breaking collusion.


The climate plays a leading role in the growth and fruiting of wine grapes as well as the quality of wine,it has become the most important and active factor influencing the wine grapes.The whole growth periods of wine grapes is closely related to the climatic conditions,and the light,temperature and water conditions directly influence its yield and quality.Based on this,by using the meteorological data of Changli observation station during the 20 years and the wine grapes plantation base,the influence of climatic conditions on the yield and quality of wine grapes is analyzed and the model to forecast the whole growth period of wine grapes is established so as to provide the good services of climatic conditions for the production of wine grapes.


. We study the hyperbolicity, tautness, hy- perconvexity of Hartogs domains with balanced fibers and Hartogs-Laurent domains. In particular, we shall compare k -, ˜ k -hyperbolicity and Brody hyperbolicity in the class of such Hartogs type domains. To study tautness, we shall use so-called Royden's criterion for taut domains.


A well-exposed series of major basin-slope submarine canyons of late Proterozoic age occur within the mixed carbonate and siliclastic Wonoka Formation of the Adelaide Supergroup ("Adelaide geosyncline"), Flinders Ranges, South Australia. They were cut to depths of about 1.5 km into an underlying deltaic and basin-slope progradational sequence which includes the Brachina Formation and the ABC Range Quartzite. The canyons occur in close association with local synclinal structures. An unfolded section across one canyon (Patsy Springs Canyon) shows steep, almost vertical canyon walls, two axial channels, and a tributary canyon. The canyon-filling sequence includes canyon-wall and axial debris flow material, axial channel conglomerates, ripple cross-laminated sands and silts, hin- and thick-bedded turbidite sands, and a series of spectacular sand-filled megachannels which markedly truncate underlying units. Lenticular olistostromes of micritic carbonate clast breccias of carbonate-platform derivation occur throughout canyon-fill and immediately overlying strata. The sedimentary sequence preserved in the canyons demonstrates an episodic process of canyon backfilling by onlap of an aggrading submarine-fan sequence. Backfilled canyons were finally buried by progradation of a complex unit comprising interdeltaic carbonate platform, delta, and basin and slope environments. Evidence from the Wonoka Formation canyons suggests that initial canyon incision was triggered by a significant fall in relative sea level, which allowed fluvial systems to deliver their bed loa s directly to the contemporary basin slope. A subsequent relative rise in sea level was required during latter stages of canyon filling to account for delta and basin-slope progradation of the Wonoka Formation.


The stimulated Brillouin scattering in glycerine, glycol, phenol, cyclohexanol, and cyclohexane was studied. Our results are fairly consistent with those obtained by other workers using spontaneous Brillouin scattering.


ABSTRACT Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have proven to be useful for predicting and interpreting the conformational and dynamic properties of various polymer-solvent systems. The number of repeat units used to represent a polymer chain in an MD study is intended to provide a balance between the computational demands and the reliability of the specific phenomena being studied. To date, this balance has not received sufficient attention. Here, we investigate how the chain length of an atomistic polymer model influences the structure and dynamics of the polymer in different solvents. Seven different polyvinyl chloride (PVC) models, ranging from 5 to 240 –(CH2CHCl)- repeat units, are studied using atomistic MD simulations in two polar organic solvents: tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dimethylformamide (DMF). After benchmarking our MD results against experimental density data, we calculate polymer end-to-end distances, radii of gyration, radial distribution functions, shape descriptors, end-to-end vector correlation functions, dihedral autocorrelation functions, surface areas, surface electrostatic potentials, glass transition temperature and melt viscosities. Our MD simulations demonstrate that most of these properties converge when approximately 100–120 repeat units are used to represent PVC, and this convergence behaviour is observed in different solvents and at different temperatures.


This paper is focused on the effects of the textured surface along with lubricant feed pressure and temperature variation to calculate the lubrication characteristics (viscosity and density) of the main bearings in internal combustion engines. In a three-dimensional numerical analysis simulation, a thermohydrodynamic model was developed, which considered the thermal effects of the fluid–solid interface components. In the analysis, the viscosity–temperature equation was used at different lubricant feed pressures and temperatures. By using color image segmentation methods, the density and viscosity contour on the two rotating walls (shaft and bearing wall) in the cavitation regions were quantitatively and qualitatively compared. The textured surface and lubricant feed pressure had significant effects on reducing the cavitation region over the shaft and bearing surface. Compared with the untextured bearing, the presence of texture over the bearing surface in the same temperature and pressure conditions increased the amount of total heat transfer to the lubricant fluid in the range of the maximum value of 73% and minimum value of 11%. Promoting the average heat transfer coefficient was a factor in reducing thermal stresses and high-temperature points in the rigid parts of the bearing system.


Rural America comprises approximately 25 percent of the nation's population, 90 percent of its natural resources and 90 percent of its local governments. Yet, the United States has no identifiable comprehensive rural policy. Those policies directly affecting rural America are defined in sectoral programs such as the farm program or in national programs established for both urban and rural constituencies. Since these national programs include a dominant urban constituency by number and wealth (in terms of ownership and control), the emphasis, rules and regulations of the implementing agencies tend to be directed toward urban problems. 1


Three marketing staffers engage in a confer• ence call about ad copy for a product launch. A twenty-member • interpersonal communication class gathers around a seminar table. Twelve avatars study together in a gray stone • church in a virtual world. A family of five gathers for a mother's birth• day dinner. A reporter chats with two news anchors via • satellite hologram. These scenarios deviate from the scope of study in interpersonal communication, not because of their varied uses of technology, but rather because they include too many people. A dyad of two people becomes something different when a third member is added. Their collective communication changes. Harris and Sherblom (2005) suggest that when members are added to a communication environment, the number of interactions increases exponentially. A dyad in communication shares two possible interactions, one from person A to person B; one from person B to person A. Three people communicating share nine possible interactions. When a group reaches eight people, a abstract


Utilizing the Chinese data from 1994 to 2006, it makes an empirical research on the R&D expenditure, venture investment, technology innovation and new high-tech industry development based on canonical correlation analysis. The result shows that the venture capital, the number of patent authorized, export quantum of new high-tech product, total industrial output value of new high-tech industry and industrial added value of the new high-tech industry are positively relevant, but compared with developed countries, the impact of venture capital on technology innovation and development of new high-tech industry in China is less than R&D. The main causes of low-level correlation among venture capital, technology innovation and new high-tech industry development are the impeded exit channel and high volatility of venture capital market in China, on which it provides some suggestions to solve mentioned problems.


An accurate determination of an integral appearing in Kane's expression for the density of states is presented. Expressions of this approach are compared with other existing approximations. Mock's model for total density of states is applied to illustrate possibilities of proposed derivations. An efficient algorithm for analysis of highly doped semiconductor material properties with Kane-related models is introduced. Calculated dependence of the pn product and screening length vs. doping is given.<<ETX>>


The arrangement for the Australian Dance Awards in 2008 are discussed. After a decade at the Sydney Opera House where they had been presented to great acclaim by Ausdance NSW, the Australian Dance Awards will move to Melbourne in 2008. Ausdance Victoria will host the Awards at the State Theatre during The Australian Ballet season on Sunday 15 June.


BACKGROUND
As a medical problem, hypertension is one of the most common disorders in cardiovascular disease. High blood pressure has been identified as one of the most familiar risk factors for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We planned to explore the possible interactions between anti-hypertensive agents and drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 with broad investigations on these medications' mechanism of action and adverse effects.

METHOD
Two co-authors searched the electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar) to collect papers relevant to the subject. The keywords searched were angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs), sympatholytic drugs (alpha-1 blockers, beta-blockers), vasodilators (calcium channel blockers, nitrates, and hydralazine), diuretics, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, favipiravir, interferons, azithromycin, anti-cytokine agents, glucocorticoids, anticoagulant agents, nitric oxide and epoprostenol.

RESULTS
QT prolongation, hypokalemia, arrhythmia, and increasing the serum level of drugs are the most dangerous adverse effects in the patients on COVID-19 medications and anti-hypertensive drugs.

CONCLUSION
This review emphasized the importance of the potential interaction between drugs used against COVID-19 and anti-hypertensive agents and caution must be exercised when these medications are being used simultaneously.


The delivery time of spectacles at the vision centers needs to be accelerated. Providing trained human resources and necessary equipment such as frame heater and adjustment pliers to handle a group of five vision centers can facilitate it. There is a need for a dedicated optical lab and simplified ordering procedure to meet the demand for spectacles at the vision centers without over-burdening the capacity of the service centers. The other alternative could be to outsource the fitting and grinding of lenses to local opticians. This is beneficial for both –– the opticians get fee for their services for fitting the lenses and the patients of vision centers get the spectacles on time. Moreover, the patients who visit the optical shops can be assured of referral facility if they are diagnosed with blinding conditions. Thus, waging the war on avoidable blindness may be achieved through partnership as mentioned above. In conclusion, this study data on patient satisfaction with vision centers in big and small villages can be a method for quality improvement of vision center services.


Population growth has increased the demand for food, intensifying land use for agricultural activities. At the same time, soils have lost their fertility due to the uncontrolled use of agrochemicals, harmful practices, and climate change. In Panama, 27 % of the soil is not available for agriculture. These regions correspond to the sectors with the highest agricultural production in the country. Therefore, various methods have been investigated to improve soil fertility, such as using biochar as a soil amendment and fertilizer. Biochar is a carbonaceous material produced by the thermochemical decomposition of organic materials. Biomaterial production from fast-growing plants has gained interest over the years. Furthermore, wild sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum L.) is a tall, fast-growing, invasive grass in Panama that shows biomass production potential. Recent reports indicate that this plant could be converted into biochar or carbon, producing a biomaterials source for soil remediation. This work aims to evaluate the potential of wild sugarcane biochar as a soil amendment. The samples maintained a pH > 9.0 and an ash percentage of approximately 20 %. At 8 L/min, a higher proportion of nutrients such as Mn, Fe, Mg, and P was obtained with 161 mg/kg, 310 mg/kg, 0.279 %, and 0.461 %, respectively. At 12 L/min, organic carbon was higher, with 61.32 %. The resulting biochar has essential characteristics and properties that could be used in soil improvement.


In order to detect the helium density in thermosphere with a laser radar,after theoretical analysis and computer simulation,the atmospheric absorption coefficients for the three resonance lines making up metastable He 1083nm emission line were calculated,and the atmospheric absorption coefficient was found at the order of magnitude of 10~(-3).The results show that for the same spectral line,the atmospheric absorption coefficient is proportional to the concentrate of atoms and the fourth root of the temperature,however it is inversely proportional to the pressure.For different spectral lines,the atmospheric absorption coefficients are proportional to the central wave length.In the half width of the spectral line,the average atmospheric absorption coefficient is proportional to the atmospheric absorption coefficient at the line center.Finally,the application of atmospheric absorption coefficient in spectrum analysis was pointed out.This calculation has some reference significance to realize the detection of the helium density in thermosphere.


The mean differences in body‐weight between monozygotic twins and their co‐twins (3.90lb., 1.77kg) is much less than between dizygotic twins and their co‐twins (8.90lb., 4.0kg) in children between 6 and 12 years of age (p <.001). At birth dizygotic twins, on average, weigh slightly more than monozygotic twins. The differences between the birth‐weights of dizygotic twins (0.361kg) are greater than between monozygotic twins (0.288kg). The first‐born twin is more often heavier than the second‐born. The twin who is heavier at birth is likely to be heavier during childhood (6 to 12 years). The data show that genetic factors are important in the control of body‐weight in children.


According to John Hay, Secretary of State under McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt, "the Mediterranean was the ocean of the past, the Atlantic the ocean of the present, and the Pacific the ocean of the future." It will be of interest to consider the factors involved and to determine, if possible, whether the prophecy of forty years ago is likely to be fulfilled. The Pacific is incomparably the vastest body of water on earth extending for 10,000 miles of latitude south from Bering Straits, and an equal mileage of longitude along the equator. Covering two-fifths of the earth's surface, the Pacific exceeds in area all the continents and islands in the world. Adjoining the Pacific on the west is Asia, the largest and most populous continent on earth, the source of all great world religions, the probable original home of man, and the site of conflicting races, cultures, and philosophies that have in the past and will continue in the future to greatly affect the entire world. On the east are the Americas, and southwest is Australia and the East Indian islands, relatively empty lands compared with the teeming millions on the soils of Asia, but these thinly populated areas contain enormous mineral and forest wealth, sources of foods and materials for manufacture greatly needed for Asia's industrialization and her growing hordes ot people, In popular parlance, the Mediterranean side of Asia is the Near East and China and Japan constitute the Far East. But to us on the Pacific Coast the lands reached by following the sunsets across the big Pacific may be better named and more aptly thought of as the "Near West". Members of nearly all the races and cultures of mankind touch the Pacific area. The ideals and ambitions of the races and nations vary as widely as the broad ocean itself. The color of the humans may be white, black, brown, yellow, or chocolate; their religion may be Brahmin, Christian, Buddhist, Orthodox, Farsee, Shinto, Confucian, Moslem, or primitive nature worshipper; they may vary in civilization from primitive hunters, fishermen and gatherers of the bounty of nature, through herdsmen, farmers practicing spade and hoe agriculture, and craftsmen manufacturing articles by hand processes in their homes, to the farmers, merchants, ami workmen of the complex, modern, industrialized civilization. Attitudes of the various peoples and the adherents of different deligious faiths differ greatly as to what constitutes the important things of life. Many Orientals blessed with a patience, resignation and fatalism rare in the Western world willingly labor all their lives for a bare sustenance and die contented and happy if they but had an elaborate wedding, left sons to perpetuate their family and are buried with pomp and ceremony, In constrast we Westerners too often feel discouraged and chagrined unless income and profits show an increase each pear, unless everything new is bigger and finer than what has preceded, unless we have sucess and thereby gain recognition, unless we continue to invent machines that replace human labor and new methods to deal out death both to warriors and innocents alike, and thereby enable us to overcome and dominate the "back-


Although previous studies (e.g., Broselow 1976, McCarthy 1990, Watson 2002) have been successful in analyzing the interplay between metrical or syllabic constrains on stress assignment in Arabic, these analyses are predominately rule/constraint-based. This predisposition toward rule/constraint-based analyses does not adequately address one important variable in language – FREQUENCY, as frequency has been found to have a significant effect on various facets of language acquisition and processing (Ellis 2002). To address this inadequacy of discussion on the role of frequency in the literature, this study argues that while the stress system in Arabic is rule/constraint-governed, it could be probabilistic, bottom-up and frequency-informed as well. The purpose of the study is two-fold: a) to provide a statistical description of frequency cues that are relevant to stress assignment, and b) to examine the viability of using these cues either separately or collectively to predict stress in Arabic. The dataset is constructed from a respected frequency dictionary that is compiled from a 30-million-word corpus (Buckwalter & Parkinson 2010). From the 5000 words included in the dictionary, 4283 multisyllabic words are extracted, corresponding to 105 stress patterns. From these stress patterns, the frequency distribution is calculated for a) the stress pattern, b) the stress position, c) the syllabic structure of the stressed syllable, d) the conditional probability of the stressed syllable and e) the interaction between the number of syllables and aforementioned frequency ques. A brief sample of this analysis is presented in (1) and (2), where "high" indicates that a syllable more is frequently stressed given the corresponding frequency cue, and vice versa.


A series of unsaturated tripeptides have been synthesised and evaluated as substrates for isopenicillin N synthetase; variations in the C-terminal amino acid have led to a structure reactivity profile which indicates a stereochemical dependence on the balance between desaturative vs. hydroxylative ring closures.


A novel low-temperature solid-state bonding method that Cu microcones coated with Ag and Ag buffer has been proposed. Thin Ag layer was used to prevent the oxidation of Cu microcones and Ag layer of several micrometers was used as a buffer layer between Cu microcones and Cu bumps. No brittle IMCs formed in the interfaces.


Summary Current prognostic models are not accurate enough to identify brain metastases patients with non-small cell lung cancer who have very short survival, i.e. 2 months, but remained unsatisfactory (low positive predictive value) with regard to prediction of survival <2 months even after various optimisation attempts. In conclusion, the prognostic factors for overall survival that form the basis for the recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) classes (age, extracranial metastases, primary tumor control, performance status) do not predict for very short survival. However, we were not able to develop another model that performed accurate enough for clinical decision making.


The reinforcing the professional morality promoyion of CBA basketball athlete has great practical or immediate importance to accelerating the occupation rization course of basketball,improveing occupation basketball core competition,reinforcing cultural and ideological progress in socialism, the professional morality of CBA basketball builds should proceed from reality ,objective analysis,and we must insist on "do two types of work at the same time " in order to improving athlete's quality,improving CBA occupation league matches.


The interaction of laser-generated Lamb waves propagating in a thin aluminum plate with a two-dimensional (2D) acoustic black hole was studied experimentally and theoretically. The decrease in phase velocity due to the gradual decrease in thickness was validated. The focusing function of the structure was also studied in this work. Experiments were performed using a vibrometer. A scanning laser line source technique was used to generate a series of Lamb wave waveforms to obtain the dispersion spectrum through the 2D fast Fourier transform method. Using this method, the effect of structure on Lamb modes was studied.


Cassini ends its 13-year exploration of the Saturnian system in 22 high inclination Grand Finale orbits with perikrones falling between the inner edge of the D ring and the upper limits of Saturn's atmosphere. The Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) instrument makes a variety of observations in these unique orbits including Saturn kilometric radiation, plasma waves such as auroral hiss associated with Saturn's auroras, dust via impacts with Cassini, and the upper reaches of Saturn's ionosphere. This paper will provide an overview of the RPWS results from this final phase of the Cassini mission with the unique opportunities afforded by the orbit. Based on early Grand Finale orbits, we can already say that the spacecraft has passed through cyclotron maser source regions of the Saturn kilometric radiation a number of times, found only small amounts of micron-sized dust in the equatorial region, and observed highly variable densities of cold plasma of order 1000 cm-3 in the ionosphere at altitudes of a few thousand km.


Synopsis The paper of Anderson et al. (1993), based on cross-sectional data, showed that minor psychiatric disorder in a population is linearly related to the mean number of psychiatric symptoms in the population. The present investigation asks whether the same relationship holds longitudinally as well as cross-sectionally. Data from a 7-year follow-up of a general population sample demonstrate, for the first time, that a relationship exists between changes in prevalence of psychiatric disorder and changes in the mean number of psychiatric symptoms in a given population. Moreover, the relationship is linear; a one-point decrease in mean scores on the GHQ-30 is associated with a 6% decrease in prevalence of disorder.


The application research of intelligent technology in electrical automatic control engineering is a research field to study the development and application of intelligent technology in electrical automatic control engineering. It also focuses on the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in this field, which is an important part of modern power system automation. The main focus areas include: high-speed circuit design, fault detection and isolation, smart grid management, distributed energy resource management, energy storage system and renewable energy system. The main challenge for researchers is to develop new algorithms to solve complex problems faster than traditional methods; Improve existing solutions to make them more efficient; It includes the research of intelligent control, artificial intelligence and machine learning, fuzzy logic, neural network and evolutionary computation. The main goal of this research is to develop an intelligent system for controlling processes or equipment with high accuracy and efficiency.


Background Postoperative undesirable anesthesia outcomes are common among patients undergoing surgery. They may affect body systems and lead into more serious postoperative problems. This research is conducted in the Eritrean National Referral Hospitals with the aim of assessing the prevalence of undesirable anesthesia outcomes during the postoperative period. Method A cross-sectional study design was applied on 470 patients who underwent different types of surgeries within a three-month period. Patients were interviewed 24 hours after operation (POD 1) using the Leiden Perioperative care Patient Satisfaction questionnaire (LPPSq). This study reports one component of a large study conducted. The dimension "Discomfort and needs" of the LPPSq was considered, and the measurements of that dimension are presented in this report. Items of the dimension were standardized and measured using a five-point Likert scale from "Not at all" to "Extremely." Multivariable logistic regression was used to look for the association of the outcomes with the types of surgery and types of anesthesia using SPSS (Version 22). Results The prevalence were computed in two manners, prevalence of those with 'at least a little bit' outcomes, which was computed to see the total occurrence of these outcomes, and prevalence of those having 'more than moderate' outcomes to see the severe experience of these outcomes. Prevalence of the predominant undesirable outcome, postoperative pain, for 'at least a little bit' and 'more than moderate' were 82.6% and 43.6%, respectively. The rest of the postoperative undesirable outcomes were less frequently reported. Conclusion Postoperative pain was found to be the most prevalent undesirable outcome. Enhancement of proper assessment and management of postoperative pain through the development and implementation of specific pain management modalities is needed.


ARCHAEOLOGYNew dates from an archaeological team working at the sprawling inland site of Caral, some 200 kilometers north of Lima, push back the emergence of urban life and monumental architecture in the Americas by nearly 800 years--to 2627 B.C.--and cast serious doubt on one commonly held view of the relationships between inland and coastal centers in early Peru. But the research, reported on page [723][1], suggests an answer to the puzzle of why the desert sites became so prominent early on: Some were relatively easy to irrigate.

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/292/5517/723


Abstract : The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the potential of the Clarence Cannon Dam and Reservoir to produce nitrogen supersaturation under any operating condition, including conditions during construction. (Author)


The chemistry of selenous acid was misunderstood for many years, being explained by electron back donation. In this communication we disclose the reaction mechanism of the interaction of narceine with selenous acid in sulphuric acid. Narceine is a complex molecule that displays a carboxylic acid, a tertiary amine, a ketone, three methoxy groups and a benzodioxole; so, it was necessary select the principal reaction site. Although a methoxy group can be demethylated with the employed reagent since codeine gives the same violet colour obtained with morphine. The chemical deportment of the methylenedioxy ring in the presence of methoxy groups needed revision. It was found that the five-member ring is cleaved preferentially. Thus, a sustained reaction mechanism could be advanced. The reactive species is protonated selenous acid, which reacts with an oxygen of the cyclic group, water being eliminated. The oxonium ion is neutralized by ring opening in a concerted mechanism involving water reaction at the methylene. An organometallic intermediate is obtained, a selenite, and a hemiacetal. Finally, protonation of the selenium-oxygen double bond produces an acidolysis via a synchronous mechanism involving five electron shifts. This way selenium (II) hydroxide, an ortho-quinone and formaldehyde are obtained.


Objective To Understand the status of behavior and attitude of cigarette smoking among healthcare professionals in county hospitals in Henan province,and to provide baseline data for smoking control in healthcare workers in county hospitals.Methods Smoking behavior and attitude on smoking control were investigated by the means of stratified random sampling among the hospital workers.Results 374 medical workers were interviewed in this study,including 94 clinicians,43 medical technicians,39 administrative support staff,198 nurses and other staff.The overall smoking rate of the workers was 14.71%,male staff's smoking rate(55.67%) was higher than that of female(χ2=175.21,P0.001).Stratified analysis by sex,there was no significant difference on rate of smoking among male staff who had different educations and jobs(P0.05).Among medical staff smoking,compared with other medical personnel,clinician's rate of smoking during working hours was similar to others(χ2=2.01,P=0.156),and clinician's rate of smoking during break,facing in front of colleagues,in outdoors,in toilets was less(P0.05),and there was no significant difference between them on behaviors such as smoking facing in front of patients or their family,receiving patients' cigarettes,or offering cigarettes to others(P0.05).The rate of supporting no smoking during working hours in medical staff of clinicians and nurses was even less than that of other medical personnel(χ2=5.38,P=0.020).Conclusion The rate of smoking among male medical staff in county hospitals was high,awareness of hazards of cigarettes was not enough,the proportion of actively giving up smoking was low.It was necessary to conduct health education about tobacco hazard among healthcare workers and carry out mandatory in smoking cessation in county hospitals.


Methodology and calculation formulas are proposed for estimating the thermal potential and its distribution by the regions of Ukraine for natural and artificial (anthropogenic) low-grade heat sources: ambient air, ventilation emissions of buildings connected to district heating systems, soils and groundwater, large rivers, wastewater, waste heat of boilers and CHPs, and industrial waste heat. The availability of thermal potential of these sources for heat pump plants of district heating systems has been determined. Annual heat potential and average annual capacity were estimated for each of these sources. It is shown that the annual heat potential and average annual capacity available for heat pump plants in district heating systems are: 9,735 thous. Gcal and 905 MW for ambient air; 25,655 thous. Gcal and 1,871 MW for ventilation emissions of buildings; 2,628 thous. Gcal and 87 MW for soil and groundwater; 3,212 thous. Gcal and 299 MW for large rivers; 4,545 thous. Gcal and 338 MW for wastewater; 2,459 thous. Gcal and 724 MW for waste heat of boilers and CHPs; 7,661 thous. Gcal and 214 MW for industrial waste heat, respectively. The total thermal potential of the above-mentioned sources is 4.97 GW which enables the use of heat pump plants in district heating systems with a total capacity of about 7.5 GW. In the case of heat pump plants using low grade heat sources of natural origin, it must be taken into account that their intensive use can lead to their rapid thermal exhaustion and a significant impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain such level of energy use of natural low grade heat sources that would enable their exploitation without harming the environment. In the conditions of densely built-up cities of Ukraine, the use of heat of the soil and groundwater for heat pump plants will be limited due to the shortage of free land plots. It will also be problematic to use powerful air heat pump plants in populated areas due to their high noise level. Keywords: heat pump plant, district heating systems, low grade heat source, thermal potential


Islamic education is considered only oriented to the hereafter alone, teach rituals and develop a defensive posture and formisme paradigm. On the other hand, Islamic education is faced with the phenomenon of discontinuity which marked the waning value of respect for the basic values and ethics, such as honesty, discipline, tolerance. This Problem is what ignited K.H. Ahmad Dahlan (1868-1923) and Muhammad Fethullah Gulen (1838 - ...) strengthening Islamic education. This study aims to understand the concepts, practices, and comparative Islamic education K.H. Ahmad Dahlan and Muhammad Fethullah Gulen. This type of research is the study of literature  with historical and philosophical approach. The results show: first, the concept of Islamic education K.H. Ahmad Dahlan stressed intregration of religious sciences and the modern sciences, tolerance, open to modernity and perfection of mind (intellect); for Fethullah Gulen education is a manifestation of Allah, which emphasizes ethics, science, and theology. Secondly, the common the sharing concept between the two are at: ideas, foundation, educational goals and teaching methods. Third, while the point of difference lies in the educational materials, dormitory educational models (boarding school) and implementing a system of moving class.


Under the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, the Member States must develop methods to certify energy efficiency of buildings. Calener-VYP v1.0 is the only Spanish official tool to certify a high energy efficiency performance of residential buildings, through the general option. It has two indicators implemented, CO 2 emissions and primary energy consumption. However, in the process of energy rating a building, only the CO 2 emissions indicator is considered. The economic consequences of this are studied, by means of simulating real properties with different construction assemblies and building services in the twelve Spanish climatic zones and calculating their costs. The results show that having a better energy rate in Calener VYP does not necessarily entail a lower consumption cost. Therefore, it is necessary to include the annual primary energy consumption indicator, because its absence involves that costs cannot be used as an argument when promoting energy efficiency among users.


Product Mon raph: HU AN PHARMACOLOGY). This alternate pathway of drug elimination appearsto compensate for the reduced renal excretion of patients with renal impairment. Nonetheless some modification of dosage is recommended, particularly for patients with severe renal dysfunction. The following able provides dosage guidelines for use in patients with renal impairment. However monitoring of serum drug levels provides the most reliable basis for dosage adjustment. Only a small amount of ciprofloxacin (<10%) is removed from the body after hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.


In Bangladesh, nutritional study of potatoesremainsun known and or if done, the data are not scientifically documented.Still now their nutritional information as well as health benefits are unexploited to people of the country. That's why, the study has undertaken to analyze the nutritional compositions and documentation for Diamant variety (BARI Alu 7) collected from the different locations of Bangladesh as a first initiation. Among the different samples, the nutritional composition of Chuadanga and Dorshana samples were noticeably diverse with starch content, crude fiber, β-carotene, vitamin-C content, total phenolics and minerals content. Results obtained from this study showed, the range of starch content, crude fiber content, β-carotene content and total phenolics content varied from 25.03 to 31.03%, 16.11 to 21.04 mg/100 g, 20.19 to 23.27 μg/100 g, 8.51 to 11.43 mg/100 g and 42.85 to 44.91 mg/100 g respectively. In case of minerals K, Ca, Fe, P and Zn are riches and varied from 180 to 189.0 mg/100 g, 0.23 to 0.29 mg/100 g, 0.02 to 0.06 mg/100 g, 0.21 to 0.25 mg/100 g and 8.99 to 10.79 mg/100 g respectively. However, the variety diamant (BARI Alu 7) may be the potential source of minerals and nutrition that may play a vital role to reduce the chronic and acute health diseases as well as nutrient deficiency disease in human health.


According to the e-Marketer market research institute, the net population of the country reached 83.7 million people in 2014. With this amount, Indonesia has been included in the 20 most internet user countries in the world. MOBA is currently in great demand. The high level of competition of this type of MOBA game attracts a lot of game players' attention to tournaments or competitions officially both regionally and internationally. In 2013 there were around 71.5 million e-Sports enthusiasts around the world. Every year the number of Indonesian gamers is estimated to increase by around 33 percent. With a growth of 33 percent, this certainly makes a great opportunity for game developers. Currently, the games circulating in Indonesia is mostly from foreign countries such as America, Japan, and South Korea. Each hero has a different role (ability). The foresight of players and the ability of individual skills are determined by selecting the composition of hero roles on a team to achieve victory in the legendary mobile gameplay. Naive Bayes Classifier is the simple Statistical Bayesian Classifier. Naive Bayes is able to classify role heroes well enough to predict the victory based on the role hero chosen by the player. Naïve Bayes implementation can explore the characteristics of the attribute and dataset of the chosen role hero. Naïve Bayes algorithm method can predict the Victory in mobile legend gameplay from existing hero roles based on datasets and training data.


It would be nice to be able to define what is specific to our modem scientific culture. It would be still nicer to find the most economical explanation (which might not be the most economic one) of its origins and special characteristics. To arrive at a parsimonious explanation it is best not to appeal to universal traits of nature. Hypotheses about changes in the mind or human consciousness, in the structure of the brain, in social relations, in "mentalites", or in the economic infrastructure which are posited to explain the emergence of science or its present achievements are simply too grandiose, not to say hagiographic in most cases and plainly racist in more than a few others. Occam's razor should cut these explanations short. No "new man" suddenly emerged sometime in the sixteenth century, and there are no mutants with larger brains working inside modern !laboratories who can think differently from the rest of us. The idea that a more !rational mind or a more constraining scientific method emerged from darkness !and chaos is too complicated a hypothesis. It seems to me that the first step towards a convincing explanation is to adopt! this a priori position. It clears the field of study of any single distinction between ! prescientific and scientific cultures, minds, methods or societies. As Jack Goody !points out, the "grand dichotomy" with its self-righteous certainty should be !replaced by many uncertain and unexpected divides (Goody, 1977). This negative first move frees us from positive answers that strain credulity1. All such ! dichotomous distinctions can be convincing only as long as


The paper presents previous experiences related to the monitoring and control of welding parameters. Introducing the new generation of welding machines Welbee P500L, and system for monitoring, collection and analysis of welding parameters contained as part of Welbee P500L welding machines.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To continuously establish reliable contact of the forked spring leg pair of an electric contact element with the contact pin of a plug pressed therebetween. SOLUTION: An electrical contact element 1, which is formed by bending a part stamped out of a flat metallic plate and is adapted to be arranged inside a housing, has a clipper blade pair 3 that defines, between its clipper blades 3a so deformative as to elastically separate from each other, a lead slit 3b for conductive connection with an electrical cable 2 through the cutting of the insulator thereof, and a forked spring leg pair 5, that defines between its forked spring legs 5a a lead slit 5b for contact with a flat blade plug. Each of the legs 5a is constituted of two leaf springs adapted to deflect independently of each other, which springs of which are each formed with at least one contact region 6 projecting inwards into the slit 5b. The contact sections 6 of the two leaf springs of one leg 5a are formed on the side of the longitudinal centerline of the contact element 1.


Analyzes the main causes for and dominant bacteria causing sludge bulking in activated sludge systems, and points out that, from the experience gained with the sludge bulking control in five years operation in Daqing Chengfengzhuang WWTP(wastewater treatment plant), besides low oxygen concentration and low F/M load, low temperature is also a reason causing bulking in the cold region, and bulking can be control effectively by reducing the MLSS in the aeration tank or alternative continuous operation of the two aeration tanks to increase the F/M load and increase water temperature of aeration tank by heating air at the aerator inlet.


Introduction: the prevalence of cervical and anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is high. However, little is known about the differences in the susceptibility of these infections and related lesions. The aim of this study was to describe the association between the prevalence of cervical and anal HPV infection and HPV-related lesions in HIV-positive women. Methods: this study included 88 HIV-positive women attending an outpatient clinic in a university hospital. Ectocervical, endocervical, and anal samples were collected for colpocytology and anal cytology. A polymerase chain reaction-based technique was used to detect HPV deoxyribonucleic acid in endocervical and anal swab samples. Results: the cervical and anal HPV positivity rates were 35.21% and 78.8%, respectively. The presence of HPV-related lesions on colpocytology was associated with anal HPV positivity (P = 0.027). The ratio between cervical HPV infection and cervical HPV-related lesions was 2.5. The ratio between anal HPV infection and anal HPV-related lesions was 4.3. Overall, 30% had concomitant HPV DNA in the cervix and anus. Conclusion: there are differences in the susceptibility of infections and related lesions between the cervix and anus. Despite a higher incidence of anal HPV, the progression to HPV-related lesion does not occur via the same manner in the cervix and anus. Moreover, cervical HPV-related lesions in HIV-positive women may serve as a cue for anal preventive strategies, and further investigations in these women may be useful.


Centromere protein A (CENP-A) is a centromere-specific histone H3 variant present in prekinetochores in nuclei and kinetochores of mitotic chromosomes. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) forms replication foci in S phase but diffuses in nuclei except for nucleoli in other phases. Here to elucidate the molecular behavior of CENP-A and PCNA throughout the cell cycle, we performed a prolong time-lapse imaging of HT-1080 cell line stably expressing mKO-CENP-A and EGFP-PCNA with a highly sensitive EM-CCD camera. We followed the mKO-CENP-A dots in interphase nuclei from G1 through to G2 phase, monitoring the cell cycle progression by the appearance of replication foci of EGFP-PCNA in S phase.


In this paper, a prototype of a high precision clock system for the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) in the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) project is proposed. Due to the large scale of WCDA, a distributed architecture is required, where the digitalization is implemented near the detectors in front. However, in this architecture, the designers had to face the difficulty of how to distribute the accurate synchronous clock to all the front-end electronics (FEE), with a very stable phase relationship. Thus a prototype clock system was developed, consisting of a clock source module, clock transmitting modules and clock receiving modules. It distributes the system clock to all FEEs, with simultaneous data transmission. Based on the White Rabbit protocol, a reduced and improved scheme is proposed to automatically adjust the propagation delay and keep the phase alignment. In this scheme, the phase difference is zoomed in by the digital Dual Mixer Time Difference (DMTD) technique, measured by a high resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC), and then shifted forward and backwards with the help of the FPGA's Digital Clock Manager (DCM). The experimental results show that both the clock jitter (RMS) and the clock skew of all the FEEs are less than 100 ps.


Background : Atopic dermatitis has been thought be a T cell mediated disease and autoimmune response may be responsible for chronicity of typical skin manifestation. Mycophenolate mofetil(MMF), a new immunosuppressive agent can be tried in the treatment of atopic dermatits. Objective : We examined the efficacy and safety of MMF in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in Korean patients. Methods : 7 patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatits were recruited in the treatment of oral MMF 2 g daily for 6 weeks and followed up for another 6 weeks. Severity of atopic dermatitis was measured using SCORAD index. Laboratory examination was performed to check the side effect of MMF during the study. Results : Six of 7 patients finished the treatment courses. After 6 weeks of therapy with MMF, patients` symptoms were improved and mean SCORAD index was significantly reduced from 67.2 15.5 to 28.7±13.5(p<0.01). Significant side effects such as neutropenia, infection, renal toxicity and hepatotoxicity were not observed. During the follow-up period, patients could be managed by topical steroid and oral antihistamine and flare-up was not observed. Conclusion : According to our study, MMF is an effective, safe and well-tolerated immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. MMF is a promising alternative in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis.


In this experiment,RH1021was identified by the 16SrDNA sequence analysis and conducted to evaluate the effects of magnetic treatment intensity(100,200,300mT),magnetic treatment time(5,10,15 min),and standing time(12,120,240h)after treatment on soluble protein and crude protein content of rhizobium RH1021.The results showed that all above practices were higher than control,and both of protein content had remarkable increase with 200mT magnetic intensity,gained by 23.3%,149.1%,respectively;10min had the most significant effect on soluble protein and crude protein content,the results was 1.4and 2.5times larger than control;it had the best showing with 49.5%,234.4%increase after treatment 120h.In addition,it indicated that magnetic intensity was the key factor in soluble protein content by selection of optimal magnetic treatment parameters,while standing time after magnetic treatment had a marked impact on crude protein content.


AR applications are divided into two major types; marker-based and markerless AR. Some applications of AR such as in education and training are still being implemented on PC where the use of mobile and wearable devices are not possible. This paper presents the development of a PC-based markerless AR application. Four main components in markerless AR development; detector, descriptor, matcher and pose estimation are employed. This application used FAST as the detector, FREAK as the descriptor while BruteForce Matcher is used as the matcher algorithm. The reference image used is Graffiti from Mikolajczyk's dataset. The tracking process is tested for its robustness to rotation, scale, brightness and also blur changes. The application successfully rendered a 3D object on top of the reference image during the robustness test.


According to a 2012 IMO report 49.3% African immigrants in Spain were without jobs in 2011, household poverty rates in the immigrant population (31%) was 12 times more than that of the autochthon population. Despite efforts to generate enough income to secure the most modest of living standards for their families or for themselves, Sub-Sahara African (SSA) immigrants in Tarragona Province are faced with precarious economic conditions and difficulties in obtaining and controlling resources. SSA immigrants demonstrate a stream of actual or contemplated causal interventions to alleviate and/or overcome the effects of these precarious conditions and provide food for themselves and their families. Adopting a framework of human agency, this article engages the ethnography of everyday life of SSAs in the context of food insecurity. Emphasis is placed on praxis (i.e. the action itself), on the tactics and strategies employed by SSA immigrants to manage and transform constraining situations that enable the very 'habitus' of the group.


This paper aims to discuss the hydrophilicity about the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template with titania nanotubes (NTs). The AAO templates with pore size diameters of 20-250 nm were generated by anodizing 6061 aluminum alloy substrates in acid solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), oxalic acid (COOH)2, and phosphoric acid (H3PO4), respectively. TiO2-NTs were grown on AAO templates by the sol-gel deposition process successfully. The water contact angle on AAO/TiO2-NTs surface was lower compared to the water contact angle on AAO surface. So, the characteristic of hydrophilicity was significantly associated with the AAO pore size and what kinds of materials were immersed variables. Keywords—Anodic aluminum oxide, nanotube, anodization, Sol-Gel, hydrophilicity.


Nickel based alloys, especially nickel based superalloys have gained the advantage over other alloys in the field of high temperature applications, and thus become irreplaceable at high temperature creep and aggressive corrosion environments, such as jet engines and steam turbines. However, the wear resistance of these alloys is insufficient at high temperatures. This work describes a microstructure of a new cast alloy. The microstructure consists of γ matrix strengthened by γ ' fine precipitates (dendrites) improving the high temperature strength and of Chromium Cr 7 C 3 primary carbides (in interdendritic eutectics) which are designed to improve wear resistance as well as the high temperature strength.


Editor's Note: Due to an editorial error in the September/October 1985 issue, the following excerpthasbeenreprinted. Thisexcerptisfromtheend ofan article entitled "Chronic illnessanddisability in the hospicesetting," by NancyBurnsandKim Carney. ChangesDuringHospiceCare In order to examinechangesin disability during hospiceenrollmentwe utilized a subsampleof the77 whosurvivedaminimum of 28 daysafterhospiceenrollment. With this set we examinedthe first three weeksofcarefollowinghospiceenrollmentandthelast fourweeksofcareprior to death.Thereisconsiderable overlapbetweenthefirst threeweeksandthefinal four weeks;however,theoverlapis incompletebecauseof thedifferinglengthsoftime thathospiceenrollerssurvivedfollowing hospiceadmission. Therewere36patientsin thesubsamplewholived at least 28 days.Thesepatientswere functioning at a higherlevel at thetime of hospiceadmissionthanthe patientsin the largersampleof 77. The averagescore for the36 atthetime ofadmissionwas3.78(in contrast to 4.09for the77).Weexaminedthefunctionalcapacity of patientsduring the first threeweeksof hospice enrollmentin two differentways.Thefirst methodwas basedon encountersratherthanpatients,andthesecond was basedon a functionalaverageper patient. The results from both methodssuggestthat patient functioning improved slightly (althoughnot significantly becauseof limited samplesize) in the second weekover that in the first week. Theresultssupport anecdotal evidencethatmanypatientsimprovefollowing hospiceenrollment.Betweenthe secondandthe third weekspatientfunctioning declines(Table4).


ABSTRACT This paper discusses how to explain the rise of a new nationalism in Europe. It begins by problematizing the inconsistencies in the current culturalist, socio-economic, and socio-political approaches. It then makes Pierre Bourdieu's theory of social space fruitful for a sociological explanation of neonationalism by removing it from the conceptional framework of national container societies. It finally shows that the transnational opening of national societies is accompanied by profound processes of symbolic appreciation and depreciation of economic, cultural, and social 'capital' that the inhabitants of the national container possess.


The research is based on the inspection performed in June 2002 for carrying out a research program for the eradication of a termite infestation due a desertic species in the area of the Saint Catherine Holy Monastery at Mount Sinai Egypt. The paper describes the application of the registered European bait system Sentritech and the trend of eradication during the first year. The application of bait system blocked the termite infestation inside the Katholikon (Main church) and in the surrounding after 6 months. Nevertheless, the infestation restarted and even increased again in the surrounding of the main church. An explanation of this surprising event is attempted in this paper.


With the advent of World Wide Web, link context has been widely used for finding the theme of the target web page. Many approaches have been used to take advantage of the link context to get the precise context of link but the approaches were not very efficient. Link Context has been used in many areas like classification of web page, search engines, topical crawlers. In this paper we have derived the link context using LALR parser (Bison parser). For this different web pages have been collected and with the help of tag tree concepts are found out. Then using Bison parser link context have been derived. We have also compared the technique with the anchor text based method using Jaccard coefficient.


Orsay virus (OrV) is the only known natural virus affecting Caenorhabditis elegans, with minimal impact on the worm's fitness due to its robust innate immune response. This study aimed to understand the interactions between C. elegans and OrV by tracking the infection's progression during larval development. Four distinct stages of infection were identified based on viral load, with a peak in capsid- encoding RNA2 coinciding with the first signs of viral egression. Transcriptomic analysis revealed temporal changes in gene expression and functions induced by the infection. A specific set of up- regulated genes remained active throughout the infection, and genes correlated and anticorrelated with virus accumulation were identified. Responses to OrV mirrored reactions to other biotic stressors, distinguishing between virus-specific responses and broader immune responses. Additionally, mutants of early response genes and defense-related processes showed altered viral load progression, uncovering new players in the antiviral defense response.


PurposeThe World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) is the first treaty negotiated under the auspices of the WHO This study aims to describe progress toward the framework's goals, setbacks and strategies to update its articles to optimize outcomes Design/methodology/approachA review of relevant literature, including papers in this special issue, forms the basis for identifying steps necessary to amplify the impact of the FCTC FindingsThe WHO suggests that there are 1 3 billion users of tobacco globally The expected deaths associated with tobacco use could be dramatically reduced by hundreds of millions between now and 2060 through measures that improve cessation and harm reduction support among adults Additional steps needed to achieve the goals of the FCTC include developing new initiatives to address areas of profound neglect (for example, women);investing in global research and innovation;addressing the needs of vulnerable populations;and establishing a mechanism to fund priority actions required by low- and middle-income countries, including support for alternative livelihoods for smallholder farmers Practical implicationsIn November 2020, the WHO FCTC Parties will host their next Conference of the Parties (COP9) in the Netherlands This paper aims to contribute to the needed policy decisions related to this meeting Since acceptance of this article, the WHO FCTC team announced that doe to the COVID-19 pandemic COP9 has been rescheduled till November 2021 Originality/valueThere exists a need to prioritize the goals of tobacco control and offer clear strategies for its execution This paper fills this niche via a thorough and up-to-date analysis of how to amend and enforce the FCTC


In the study of two-phase composites with fine microarchitecture, the relation between effective properties, the constituent material properties and the microstructure plays a central role. For special microstructure such as rank-N laminates and composites with ellipsoidal inclusions, explicit formulas of effective properties as a function of microstructure have been derived [Mil02]. However, for composites with more complex microstructure such as cancellous bone, explicit formulas for bulk properties are nonexistent, hence it relies on numerical computation to predict the effective properties of composites from informations on the microgeometry and the constituent material properties. For the case of cancellous bones, the main challenge arises from the fact that cancellous bone consists of very thin trabeculi with a large void space filled with marrow. This means the mesh has to be fine enough to capture this delicate microstructure. Besides, handling of the transmission conditions on the interface between two constituent materials requires good estimation of the normal vectors to the interface. The goal of this paper is to present the preliminary results on using the package we developed for computing the effective properties of two-phase composites. This package is named BIBLAP, which stands for Box-in-Box Laplace solver. BIBLAP is based on the package CBEM LAP (Collocation BEM for the Laplace equation) developed by Dr. Sylvain Nintcheu Fata at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and can be downloaded from http://intetec.org What we have in mind for the future is to use this numerical scheme to verify the theoretical results regarding how the effective properties at different frequencies of a composite can be use for retrieving statistical informations on the microstructure such as volume fraction and 2-point correlation functions. This process is referred to as "dehomogenization" [CO08, Ou11].


lcalculated equations of state fo r NaCI and CsCI using the same theoretical approach for each. He proposed that the consistency of this calculation could be checked by simultaneously measuring the vol ume of these materials while they were subjected to the same pressures and temperatures. No such direct measurement has been reported in the literature; so while calibrating our high-pressure time-of-flight neutron diffractometer we decided to compare these two materials at several pressures up to 32 kbar at room temperature. Since many laboratories use the NaCI equation of state as their pressure standard, an experimental consistency check is important to the problem of pressure measurement. The experiment consists of simultaneously measuring the lattice parameter of CsCl and NaCl in a given high pressure environment and then using Decker's equations


While seasonal workers form a central component of the tourism industry, there has been limited research on their sociological interactions with, and acceptance by, the host communities in which they reside. This ethnographic case study uses social capital as a heuristic device to examine the experiences of, and social barriers faced by, seasonal workers hoping to become permanent community residents within the mountain resort community of Steamboat Springs, Colorado. Research findings indicate the existence of social barriers in the form of tight bonding networks and a lack of bridging networks, which exclude and marginalize many of these seasonal workers from the community. This has helped promote residential instability in what is already a transient community, raising concerns regarding future community ownership and attachment.


Primeness on modules can be defined by prime elements in a suitable partially ordered groupoid. Using a product on the lattice of submodules ℒ(M) of a module M defined in [3] we revise the concept of prime modules in this sense. Those modules M for which ℒ(M) has no nilpotent elements have been studied by Jirasko and they coincide with Zelmanowitz' "weakly compressible" modules. In particular we are interested in representing weakly compressible modules as a subdirect product of "prime" modules in a suitable sense. It turns out that any weakly compressible module is a subdirect product of prime modules (in the sense of Kaplansky). Moreover if M is a self-projective module, then M is weakly compressible if and only if it is a subdirect product of prime modules (in the sense of Bican et al.). An application to Hopf actions is given.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a dynamic opportunistic maintenance policy for a continuously monitored multi‐unit series system with integrating imperfect effect into maintenance activities.Design/methodology/approach – Based on the hybrid hazard rate recursion rule, an imperfect maintenance model for a continuously monitored single‐unit system was proposed. Then by introducing the "set‐up cost" concept, a dynamic opportunistic maintenance (OM) policy for multi‐unit‐series‐systems was developed. The optimal maintenance activities were determined by maximizing the short‐term cumulative OM cost saving for the continuously monitored system. A numerical example is given to show how the proposed dynamic OM policy proceeded.Findings – The simulation results imply that the proposed policy is better than the policy to maintain the system units separately and the policy to maintain the system units together.Practical implications – The proposed dynamic maintenance policy can fulfill the real pla...


without seeing the need to discuss the notion of "phylogenetic ordering" (or even to indicate whether or not he agrees with Fletcher's 23-year-old conclusion). The theoretical remarks in the final part of the book are sketchy and fail to make clear the importance, as Livesey believes, of the evolution of emotion to the evolution of intelligence. This notion, along with supporting neurological data, will be developed in Volume 2. One can only hope that Volume 2 will employ more incisive logic than is to be found in this disappointing book.


Contract of mudharabah financing is principally intended to meet the interests of businesses in terms of capital or additional capital to implement a productive business, between two or more parties. The problems of contract of mudharabah financing arises when owners of capital requires collateral to be met by businesses. Imposition guarantees in classical fiqh that developed by the mazhab of Imam that in terms of mudharabah financing, capital owners cannot demand collateral from businesses to recoup the principal or capital plus profit. If the owners of capital require the provision of collateral from mudharib and make collateral as a condition of a contract then the cooperation contract is null and void according to Maliki and Shafi'i. According to the Hanbali, and Abu Hanifah, only the conditions were null and void, while contract itself remains valid. In general, according to Law No. 21 Year 2008 on sharia banking, collateral is termed by rahn and kafalah. This is in line with the DSN-MUI Fatwa formulating collateral consists of Rahn and kafalah. It should be understood that the contract of mudharabah financing is different from the concept of financing debts that require no collateral. When syariah banking is applying guarantee in the contract of mudharabah financing, it will lead to another problem that is interest to be discussed. This research applies a legal normative method by approach legislations and Fatwa DSN-MUI, this allows the researcher to find the answer about the problems that are considered correct.


A neutral oil boiling above 380°/760 mm., obtained from a soft vertical-retort coal-tar pitch, has been separated by chromatography into paraffin waxes, fluorescent oils, solids and brown residual oils.

The fluorescent oils, which cannot be induced to crystallize, consist mainly of non-picrate-forming components, which have average molecular weights of about 250 and average hydrogen: carbon ratios of about 1·1:1. These oils are resistant to dehydrogenation.

The chief components of the solids are: fluoranthene, pyrene, brazan, 2:3-benzofluorene, 5:12-dihydronaphthacene, chrysene and 1:2-benzanthracene. Minor components that have been identified are: 4-methylpyrene, 1:2:8-trimethylphenanthrene, triphenylene, 2:3-benzocarbazole, 1:2-benzofluorene, an alkylbrazan and an unidentified compound, C16H10OS.

1:2-Benzocarbazole has been separated from the brown residual oils.

Of these substances, 5:12-dihydronaphthacene, 4-methylpyrene and 1:2:8-trimethylphenanthrene have not previously been isolated from coal tar.


While it may not get much attention as recycling, remanufacturing or refurbishing, maintenance is an important 'loop' of the circular economy [2]. What's more, it's one of the 'tighter loops' of the circular economy framework, which means there's a chance for businesses to better preserve the value of products, components and materials. Unfortunately, because of challenging and sometimes costly implementation, the benefits from proper maintenance often remain uncaptured.


vi SECTION ONE: THE PROBLEM 1 Secularisation and Christianity in England and Wales 2 The Deathblow of Secularisation 4 Is The Church Truly Terminal? 7 Understanding Church Growth 11 The Commission to Make Disciples 12 The Importance of Creating Quality Disciples 15 Healthier Disciples, Healthier Churches? 19 Components of Church Growth 22 Summary 24 SECTION TWO: OTHER PROPOSED SOLUTIONS 28 Marks of a Healthy Church 29 An Examination of Processes of Growth 31 1) Robert E. Webber – Faith-forming Communities 31 2) Wesleyan Discipleship 38 Methodism Today 42 3) Natural Church Development (NCD) 46 Summary 52 SECTION THREE: THE THESIS 53 Appreciation of South Wales Contextual Needs 55 Not all Wales is the Same 55 Economic Deprivation 57 Correlation between economic and religious health 60 Summary 64


As more and more organizations reach the limits of their internal capabilities to deal with the challenges induced by digital transformation, they are increasingly forced to seek external digitalization opportunities. In particular, small and medium enterprises are affected by this due to their limited human and financial resources. Currently, there is a lack of overview of options considering limited internal digital capabilities and resources. Thus, we choose an action design research approach to develop an external digitalization activity navigator. As a result, we derive five design principles for successful navigation and 30 activities, which are presented as design pattern cards. Our work can help practitioners and scholars alike to structure external digitalization activities.


Houses in the 600 block of North Liberty Street to be demolished, 1948. Winston Hatchery is at the left, with First Methodist Church at right.


Modes are idempotent and entropic algebras. Although it had been established many years ago that groupoid modes embed as subreducts of semimodules over commutative semirings, the general embeddability question remained open until M. Stronkowski and D. Stanovský's recent constructions of isolated examples of modes without such an embedding. The current paper now presents a broad class of modes that are not embeddable into semimodules, including structural investigations and an analysis of the lattice of varieties. It is well known that each entropic groupoid ("medial" in the terminology of Ježek-Kepka) with surjective operation embeds as a subreduct into a semimodule over a commutative semiring [1]. In particular, each idempotent and entropic groupoid, i.e. each groupoid mode (as defined e.g. in [12]) embeds into such a semimodule. (See [1] and [6]). Surprisingly, this is no longer true for modes with operations of larger arity. As shown by M. Stronkowski [17] and [18], a mode embeds as a subreduct into a semimodule over a commutative semiring if and only if it satisfies the so-called Szendrei identities. A simpler proof was then given by D. Stanovský [16]. Stronkowski also proved that free modes do not satisfy the Szendrei identities, while Stanovský [16] provided a 3-element example of a mode with one ternary operation (Example 1.1). In this paper we analyze Stanovský's example, and show that it belongs to the variety of so-called ternary differential modes, Date: September 23, 2007. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 03C05, 08A05, 08B15, 08B20.


The Yale Report of 1828 is an important document in the history of American higher education.The Progressive Historiography believed that the Yale Report reflected the Conservatism and Elitism.It represented the opposite trend towards zeitgeist,and counteracted the curriculum reform in American higher education.Revisionists criticized the viewpoints of Progressives.They argued that the Yale Report is not a conservative document,but another way of curriculum reform.However,the contemporary studies suggested that both of the Progressive and Revisionism have some disadvantages.This essay suggests enhancing the research on foreign educational historiography,and keeping in touch with the frontier of international educational historiography.


Rubella virus infection in children or adults results in a self-limited, benign disease characterized by mild upper respiratory symptoms, an erythematous rash, and suboccipital lymphadenopathy. Complications of arthralgia and arthritis which may follow disappearance of the rash are most common in young women. Severe complications occur rarely. Infection of the fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy and, to a lesser degree, in the second and third tri.mesters may result in congenital rubella, a frequent cause of malformations and disabilities (I, 2). Of the various serologic methods for detecting or measuring rubella antibodies, the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test has had the widest use and has been evaluated the most frequently. When the test is performed properly, the indicated presence of antibodies correlates well with resistance to developing rubella. The test can be used to determine which individuals need vaccination and which pregnant women are at risk of giving birth to an infant with congenital rubella. However, the test does not distinguish between IgM and IgC antibody, and in order to determine whether a positive test reflects a recent infection, a test for IgM antibody is necessary. The basic principles of all the modifications of the HI test are as originally described (3). In addition, attempts have been made to standardize the HI procedure. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) have published standardized HI procedures (4, 5).


OBJECTIVE To investigate the trend of distribution and drug resistance of clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae during the last three years in our hospital. METHODS Strains collected from daily specimens were identified and drug resistantce with SENSITITRE bacteria analysis system. RESULTS The most strains were isolated from samples of sputum,urine,nad other excretion. The drug resistance rates to imipenem and cefepime were less than 32%. Cefoxitin,ampicillin and cefazolin were ineffective to contralE. cloacae. The drug resistance rates to penicillins,cephalosporins,chloramphenicol and aminoglycoside antibiotics increased more than 20% in last three years. CONCLUSIONS E. cloacae is multiple-resistant to antibiotics and displays higher levels of antibiotic resistance. It is suggested that antibiotics be used reasonably under the guidance of antibiotic susceptibility testing.


Optical nanoantennas are excellent tools for accessing the nonlinear response of noble metals owing to the strong enhancement of light-matter interaction occurring in the near-field. For example, excitation of gold nanostructures with intense radiation triggers both coherent and incoherent phenomena such as third-harmonic generation (THG) [1] and multi-photon photoluminescence (MPPL), respectively [2, 3]. In this work, we study the interplay between these frequency conversion mechanisms in order to unveil the effective 2(3) nonlinear response of metals.


We report on experiments for the Related Entity Finding task in which we focus on only using Wikipedia as a target corpus in which to identify (related) entities. Our approach is based on co-occurrences between the source entity and potential target entities. We observe improvements in performance when a context-independent co-occurrence model is combined with context-dependent co-occurrence models in which we stress the importance of the expected relation between source and target entity. Applying type filtering yields further improvements results.


This paper is concerned with the solving of second-order ordinary differential equation.Using the corresponding Riccati equation,the general solutions which relate the coefficients are established.