The objective was to investigate the effects of a mid-afternoon nap during the late-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle on sleepiness, alertness, mood, cognitive performance, and subsequent nocturnal sleep among women with significant emotional/behavioral premenstrual symptoms compared to women with minimal symptoms.Following an adaptation sleep recording, 10 women with significant premenstrual symptoms and 9 women with minimal or no symptoms were recorded during one night in the follicular phase, and two nights during the late-luteal phase, -one after a nap of a maximum duration of 30 minutes, and another without a nap. Measures of sleepiness, alertness, mood, and cognitive performance were completed before, and at intervals after the nap and no nap sessions.Napping improved sleepiness, alertness, mood, and some aspects of cognitive performance. Improvements were maintained for at least 30 minutes and up to 6 hours after napping. An afternoon nap benefited both groups of women, but those with significant symptoms had a slightly greater improvement in intensity of mood 30 minutes after the nap. Variables related to attention and cognitive processing were more responsive to napping than those related to impulsivity. No significant negative effects on subsequent nocturnal sleep were noted suggesting that a short mid-afternoon nap is a practical intervention to temporarily improve and possibly prevent worsening of premenstrual symptoms.


OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship of clinic features, lab findings, the origin of tumor cell as well as prognosis in Chinese patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma( DLBCL).

METHODS
Seventy four cases of primarily diagnosed DLBCL were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry stain was used to check the expressions of Bcl-6,CD10 and MUM1.

RESULTS
Among the 74 patients, the average age was 58.5 years, the ratio of male to female was 1.64:1. 23.2% (16/69) cases developed in lymph node, 15.9% (11/ 69) in the extra node area. Among 55 follow-up cases, 13 (23.6%) died, and 12 (92.3%) died in the first year after diagnosis. The prognosis analysis showed that diagnosed at age > 65 years (P = 0.036), and the international prognostic index (IPI) (P = 0.009) were independent prognostic factors; origin of tumor cell had a trend to be a prognostic factor, but no statistic difference (P = 0.086). beta2-MG and Bcl-6 expression had no relation with the prognosis.

CONCLUSION
The middle and old-aged male patients are the most common in DLBCL and the first-year mortality rate is higher. The age at diagnosis and IPI can predict the clinical outcome. The origin of tumor cell might suggest the prognosis.


How does a child learn to understand grown-ups? Not as if he were already endowed with an understanding of a few grammatical constructions so that all you would need to do would be to explain what it did not understand by means of the linguistic knowledge it already had. In reality of course children are only endowed with a capacity to learn to speak. We must be able to count on a meeting of minds with them just as in the case of animals with whom men can arrive at a mutual understanding (Posthumous Writings, p. 27I).


Aim To establish Cx43-stably-downregulated Leydig cell(TM3) line and Sertoli cell(TM4) line by siRNA expression vector.Methods Three pairs of hairpin siRNA template oligonucleotides targeting Cx43 were designed,chemically synthesized and inserted into pSilencer TM 2.1-U6 neo vector.After being confirmed by DNA sequencing,the recombinant plasmids were transfected into TM4 cells by liposomes.The interfering effect was determined by testing the Cx43 expression with Western blot,and the most effective vector was stably transfected into TM3 and TM4 cells by G418 selection,respectively.Gap junction function was assessed by"parachute"dye-coupling assay.Results The third siRNA sequence had the strongest interfering effect.Western blot confirmed that cells stably transfected with siRNA sequence 3 linked vector expressed less Cx43 than that of controls.Consistent with the results of Western blot,the gap junction function assessed by"parachute"dye-coupling assay was also depressed.Conclusions siRNA expression vector targeting Cx43 could be used to achieve long-term depression of Cx43 expression as well as gap junction function in both TM3 cells and TM4 cells,which will provide a useful tool for further investigation of the role of Cx43 and gap junction in testis tissue.


In this paper,SrRuO3 particle samples were prepared by a solid state reaction method and a chemical co-precipitation method as well.Their structure,grain size,magnetic property and transport property were investigated.XRD results show that the samples are single phase perovskite-type oxides.The grain sizes of the samples were observed by SEM.The magnetic properties were measured on a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)and a Quantum Design PPMS 9system.The transport properties of the samples were also measured on a Quantum Design PPMS 9system and a Maglab Exa Measurement System.


The text examines the contents of the Verucci's miscellany, not so much taking account of the current arrangement of the volume, but rather reinstating the various contributions here re-edited within their original historiographical context: with respect to both the Author's study approach, and according to the background of the historiographical trends considered from time to time. The result is a general overview that makes it possible to retrace, even though in brief terms, several decades of Italian historiography connected with religious but also cultural and political themes, recovering at the same time the role that a number of the fundamental insights of Antonio Gramsci and the historiographical «school» of Federico Chabod played in the general background.


In this work, TiO2 nanofibers (TiO2-NF) with multilevel structure and nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) were respectively prepared via template-assisted and single solvothermal methods. The degradation of methylene blue (MB) was used as the model reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic properties of these prepared materials. It was important that TiO2-NF, prepared via template-assisted solvothermal method, possessed multilevel structure. The photocatalytic results indicated that their activity order was TiO2-NF > TiO2-NP. It demonstrated that the multilevel structure of TiO2-NF played an important role for enhancing its photocatalytic activity and the enhanced property could be mainly ascribed to fast adsorption/desorption of MB molecules on its surface and high efficiency of absorbing irradiating light and the efficient electrons transfer by interparticles and interparticles to the wall of the fiber.


Thank you for reading statistics an introduction to numerical reasoning. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen readings like this statistics an introduction to numerical reasoning, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer.


The current development of human culture and philosophy is meeting with unprecedented challenges and opportunities.Seen from a global angle,it is both necessary and possible to form a new human philosophy of an era of globalization.This new philosophy should inherit and overstep the previous and the current philosophies in various prescriptions.The contents and the structure of the new philosophy and the issues it should face may be penetrated from three relations of trinity.The basic issues of all the philosophies of all ages,which have reflected the human existence,may be summed up in ten relations of three types.When straightening the basic issues on this route of philosophy,an innovative way of human existence and development may be opened up.At the same time,this new philosophy should become the central level of the peaceful,harmonious and coordinated new culture of human beings in the era of globalization;should get out of the ivory tower so as to be concerned with human life's needs and supply a rational reference for any human being's options of life;should shoulder the responsibility of the lighthouse of rationality beaconing through human spirits;and should supply theoretical interpretation for the reasonableness of religious belief and provide necessary guidance of values for the application of sciences.


This study aims to determine the relationship formed between the effectiveness of the audit committee and fraudulent financial statements. The effectiveness of the audit committee in this study will be proxied through the expertise of the audit committee members, the frequency of audit committee meetings, the size of the audit committee, and also the tenure of the audit committee members. Financial statement fraud in this study will be measured using the Beneish M-Score formula. This study uses financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019-2020 period as the object of research. The population used in this study was 174 companies. The test results in this study show that the expertise of the audit committee members, frequency of audit committee meetings and the tenure of the audit committee members have a negative and significant influence on the occurrence of fraudulent financial statements in the company.


Thank you for reading wood chemistry fundamentals and applications. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this wood chemistry fundamentals and applications, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful virus inside their computer. wood chemistry fundamentals and applications is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our books collection spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the wood chemistry fundamentals and applications is universally compatible with any devices to read.


In one of the first Statistical Sidebars I wrote (published in the March–April 2015 issue of the Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness), readers were introduced to types of sampling. The point was made that when conducting research in the field of blindness, researchers often make use of convenience sampling. A convenience sample occurs when participants who fit a study's criteria are enrolled in the study, sometimes by simply going to a location that is likely to have a large number of people who are blind (e.g., to a state school for blind students or a convention of a blindness organization). The main drawback of convenience sampling is that the study results lack generalizability due to the bias of the sample. As such, a study that uses convenience sampling is somewhat caught between a single-subject approach (where a treatment or intervention is used with very few participants to focus on the efficacy of that treatment or intervention) and a randomized control group approach (where a sample of participants are randomly chosen from a large population and randomly assigned to treatment and control groups). The use of a larger sample through convenience sampling, rather than utilizing a single-subject approach, allows for slightly greater generalization, but the lack of random selection of participants means that selection bias restricts large-scale generalization of the findings. In the current issue, the author of the article entitled, "Locus of Control in College Students with and Without Visual Impairments, and the Visual Characteristics That Affect It," used convenience sampling to gather participants who are blind for the study. He put together a sample of 15 participants who are blind. This sample is larger than a singlesubject approach, thus, it has the potential to show that any experimental effects are more generalizable than they would be if the author had studied just one individual. The convenience sampling procedure the author used, however, drastically limits generalizability


Annually microbial flora of organism under the physical and chemical factors of the environment decline, which leads to dysbacteriosis. Probiotics based on lactic acid bacteria acquire growing importance and applicability. It improves the function and recovery of the gastrointestinal tract. Probiotics also inhibit opportunistic microorganisms and extracellular parasites, inactivate toxins and improve productivity of birds.


A design and implementation of an input/output (I/O) circuit capable of simultaneous bidirectional transmission in CMOS integrated circuits are presented. Conventional techniques for improving communication bandwidth between VLSI chips use the tri-state bidirectional drivers and/or add more I/O pins to a given chip. The design of simultaneous bidirectional transmission of signals between two chips results in optimal performance while maintaining the same pin count. The circuitry has a low output-voltage swing and occupies relatively small silicon area, so that both high speed and low power dissipation are achieved. Included also is the design of a current driver that can properly terminate a given transmission line without the use of any off-chip termination resistors. The design remains functional under significant process variation. Simulation results show that the I/O circuit can be clocked with a frequency over 50 MHz under the worst-case condition for a typical 2- mu m CMOS process. This implies a bandwidth of more than 100 Mb/s per I/O pin.<<ETX>>


AIM:To evaluate the clinical presentations of traumatic optic neuropathy and to assess the visual outcome of three groups of patients managed differently(conservative, intravenous corticosteroids only and combination of intravenous and oral corticosteroids)at an academic tertiary care referral centre. METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted involving 24 consecutive patients(27 eyes)with traumatic optic neuropathy attending Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from January 2007 till December 2009. RESULTS:Twenty-four patients(27 eyes)were included. All cases involved were males.Mean age was 33 years old. Motor vehicle accident was the major cause(83.3%).Both eyes were equally involved.Most of the eyes had poor vision on presentation(HM-NPL,81.5%)with associated periorbital haematoma(22 eyes)and subconjunctival haemorrhage(20 eyes).Majority of patients(19 patients,79.2%)presented with more than one bony fracture of skull or orbit and 5 patients(20.8%)had no fractures.None of the patients had evidence of optic nerve compression on CT scans or MRI done.Eleven patients(45.8%)had been treated with intravenous and oral corticosteroids.The other 7 patients (29.2%)were treated conservatively and the third group(6 patients,25.0%)was on intravenous corticosteroids only. Eleven of 12 eyes(91.7%)treated with intravenous and oral corticosteroids had shown 1 line improvement of visual acuity. Those eyes treated conservatively(77.8%)had shown 1 line improvement of visual acuity.As for patients treated with intravenous corticosteroids only,four patients remained NPL, one patient had mild visual improvement and the other one's vision remained the same.The visual improvement in patients treated with conservative management was not significant (P=0.386).Patients treated with intravenous corticosteroids alone have shown no visual improvement statistically(P<0.05).Patients treated with intravenous followed by oral corticosteroids had significant visual improvement(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant d


A comprehensive approach is developed for the simulation of Single Particle Displacement Damage in silicon, from the incident particle interaction in silicon, to the resulting electrical effect observed experimentally. The different steps of the global approach are described. The paper then focuses on the first step corresponding to Monte Carlo simulation of the primary interaction. The characteristics of the Primary Knock-On Atom (PKA) generated by neutron- or proton-silicon interactions for different energies are explored, analyzing in particular the PKA range in energies and species. This leads to the selection of 1 and 10 keV silicon atoms as good candidates to best represent the displacement cascades generated by all PKA. These PKA characteristics will be used as input in the following Molecular Dynamics simulation step, developed in a separate paper to simulate the displacement cascade generation and evolution. Monte Carlo simulations are also performed in a geometry representative of an image sensor, analyzing the distribution of non-ionizing deposited energy. The obtained distributions appear very similar for incident neutrons from 3 to 18 MeV and incident protons of 200 MeV, in agreement with similarities observed in experimentally measured dark current distributions in image sensors. The effect of geometric parameters on these distributions is finally explored.


How to use the ready reckoner Imperial unit tables Setting the bevel Notes on the use of the metric system Metric unit tables


In the early summer of 1982 David Nyhan, veteran political columnist for the Boston Globe, described Kevin Phillips as "the E. E Hutton of American politics."1 Twenty years on, with a series of powerful critiques of the political economy of contemporary America further reinforcing this reputation for hard political analysis, Phillips has written a big book that will require the close and respectful attention of a new constituency of readers: the historians of the early modern north Atlantic. Untethered by traditional professional boundaries, Phillips has moved out of his usual stomping grounds in contemporary America to write a sweeping ethnocultural synthesis of warfare, religion, and popular politics writ large in North America and Britain from the 1640s to the 1860s, with a closing sketch carrying elements of his analysis to the present. His most fundamental contribution is his careful dissection of-and on-going counterfactual speculation upon-American and British histories and historiographies spanning three centuries. Reading this vast study one has to wonder when Phillips had time to wake us all up on National Public Radio: getting his breakfast, brushing his teeth, and getting to the studio on time. As David Nyhan suggested years ago, and as we all do when his gravelly voice rasps away the gloom on some winter morning after a primary, we should pay close attention to Kevin Phillips's new book, even if we will not all agree with his point of view and interpretive approach. He has made a significant addition to the political history of the Anglo-Atlantic world.


Clinical Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of osteoporosis were approved at the IV All-Russian Congress of general practitioners (family doctors) of the Russian Federation, November 15, 2013 in Kazan. Developed on the basis of the guidelines of the Russian Association on Osteoporosis (2009, 2012) and clinical recommendations for the glucocorticoid osteoporosis of the Russian Association of Osteoporosis, Russian Respiratory Society and the Association of Rheumatologists of Russia (2013). The text specified levels of evidence (A, B, C or D), which are provided at the respective statements in parentheses.


A new synthetic approach has provided RuF[sub 4] as a deep pink polycrystalline solid from the interaction of AsF[sub 5] with RuF[sub 6][sup 2[minus]] in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride solution. The structure has been determined from a combination of X-ray synchrotron and neutron powder diffraction data. The unit cell, refined from the neutron data, is monoclinic. Each Ru atom has six near-neighbor F ligands on an octahedral framework, four in the same plane, each shared with another Ru atom, to form a puckered-sheet array. The fluorine-bridge bonding is very similar to that which occurs in RuF[sub 3] and in the tetrameric molecule (RuF[sub 5])[sub 4]. The structure of RuF[sub 3] has been confirmed from X-ray powder data on samples prepared by pyrohydrolysis of SF[sub 3]RuF[sub 6]. The structure of RuF[sub 5] has been redetermined for this comparison and found to have a monoclinic unit cell.


The clock drawing test (CDT) is a commonly used brief cognitive measure. We evaluated diagnostic accuracy of subjective ratings of CDT by physicians (with/without specialty in cognitive neurology) and neuropsychologists in discriminating amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and cognitively healthy older adults. We further compared the diagnostic accuracy of subjective categorical ratings with complex scoring of CDT.


The recent central banking literature often argues that the LOLR function would be the key feature defining a 'modern' central bank. This chapter argues that this view may appear too radical (despite the enormous benefits of the LOLR) as the appearance of the LOLR does not change the nature of central banking (which is primarily associated with the issuance of central bank money). After providing an overview of the roles of central banks for financial stability, the chapter focuses on one early LOLR episode, namely the measures of the Hamburger Bank, Bank of Amsterdam and Bank of England in the European debt crisis of 1763. It is shown that in particular the Hamburger Bank acted as systemic lender of last resort, comparable to what modern central banks did in 2008.


The author of this article proves the necessity of the scientific research in the field of the citizens' constitutional duties of the Russian Federation. It is emphasized that one of the directions of such research is the analysis of the specified duties as a system. It is explained that the systematic approach to the constitutional duties study of the Russian Federation citizens allows to estimate the efficiency of their functioning as a complete system, and also to define the ways to increase this efficiency. The methodology of systematic research is offered.


The invention is applicable to the field of mobile communication technology and provides an information sharing and inquiry method, a system, a mobile terminal and a server. The information sharing method comprises the following steps: the input user identify information of the mobile terminal which contains authority for accessing information of shared contact persons is received; an access range of the information of the shared contact persons accessed by the mobile terminal is set; the user identify information of the mobile terminal, the access range and the information of the shared contact persons are sent into the server for preservation. The function of sharing the information of the shared contact persons is increased in the invention, and a user of the mobile terminal can conveniently obtain the information of the contact persons to be found.


The purpose of the following document is to provide a detailed description of the external interfaces of the Instrument Operations (IO) tools to other subsystems inside the Payload and Data Ground Segment (PDGS) and also to the Flight Operations Segment (FOS).


Improving investor sentiment boosted Northern Ireland real estate performance in 2014, leading to some yield compression as the demand for assets grew, and prices tightened as theyear progressed. This was reflected by a positive yield impact of 2.2% within the total return of 10.9%. Equivalent yields compressed from 8.0% to 7.8% over the year, further evidence of the strengthening of pricing in the market. Despite this, pricing in Northern Ireland remains comparatively discounted against the rest of the UK and Republic of Ireland, where end-2014equivalent yields were 6.0% and 6.5% respectively.


The nanoscale and nano‐structured electrode approach by infiltration method attracts increasing attention as the viable alternative for the development of highly efficient electrodes of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The infiltration method opens a new horizon in the advanced electrode development as the method expands the set of variable electrode materials combinations with the elimination of thermal expansion mismatch, suppression of potential detrimental reactions between the electrode and electrolyte, and incorporation of wide‐range ionic conducting and catalytic active phases. This chapter describes the infiltration technique and the application of infiltration techniques in the development of nano‐structured anodes and cathodes. The microstructure and catalytic effect of the infiltration on the promotion of the electrode performance is reviewed and discussed.


Biomass may be obtained from existing sources, such as industrial co-products (e.g., oat hulls and paper sludge), from the forest using managed timber stand improvement, and from growing perennial dedicated energy crops on marginal lands. Each of these sources may be developed in a manner that improves the sustainability of the University of Iowa energy supplies.


Most sensor based systems employ a large variety of sensors to obtain information. How the information obtained from different sensing devices is combined to form a description of the system is the sensor fusion problem. Most statistical sensor fusion systems use differential equations to inter-relate the values of sensor observations and system parameters . In this paper, we investigate model-based parameter estimation for noisy processes when the process models are incomplete or imprecise. The underlying representation of our models is qualitative in the sense of Qualitative Reasoning (QR) and Qualitative Physics from the Artificial Intelligence literature . We adopt a specific qualitative representation, namely that advocated by Kuipers [13], in which a well defined mathematical description of a qualitative model is given in terms of operations on (possibly unbounded) intervals of the reals. This paper overviews a theory for fusion of noisy observations of a stochastic system when qualitative models of the system processes and sensor observations are employed . The interested reader is referred elsewhere [18] for a more detailed exposition . We demonstrate our theory using real data from a mobile robot application which utilises sonar and laser time-of-flight and gyroscope information to disseminate surface curvature.


Problem of copyright infringement on presentation slides available online continued to increase over the next few years. Digital image watermarking is developed and used to discourage people from violating copyrighted contents in presentation slides. This paper presents a robust and invisible image watermarking method particularly developed for presentation slide in e-learning. By considering the entire area of presentation slide as a color image, the reflectance component from its blue color channel was extracted and used to carry the watermark. The watermark extraction is blindly achieved by predicting the original reflectance component from the guided image filter, and subtracting the result from the watermarked component. The performance of our proposed watermarking method in terms of wPSNR and BCR is evaluated, and compared with the two previous methods. Improved performance in terms of robustness against various attacks was also evaluated and shown.


Wolf's theory [ J. Opt. Soc. Am.72, 343 ( 1982)] of coherence in the space–frequency domain is extended to the vector case, and propagation from sources in free space is described, using plane waves as basis states. The field is specified in terms of a correlation function given by the ensemble average of the basis-state amplitudes, and it is then shown how source radiation properties and a variety of traditional coherence functions may be calculated.


PurposeThis paper investigates whether financial factors, which are presumed to influence an airline's maintenance, purchasing, and training policies, are associated with the air carrier's safety performance.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, we employ a series of univariate and multivariate tests (OLS and Poisson regressions) to examine whether an airline's financial well-being as well as a country's legal and economic environment affect the airline's accident rate. Our study is the first to employ an international sample that covers 110 airlines in 26 countries over the period 1990–2009.FindingsWe document an inverse relationship between the profitability of air carriers and their accident propensity. Other financial variables such as liquidity, asset utilization, and financial leverage also appear to affect an airline's safety record, although these findings do not reach significance in all models. Flight equipment maintenance and overhaul expenditures are negatively related to accident rates. In addition, our results show that country-level variables related to the legal and economic environment have a significant effect on airline safety. Specifically, airlines in countries with strong law enforcement, more stringent regulatory systems, and better economic performance have superior safety performance. A series of robustness tests confirms our results.Originality/valueThe unique contributions of the study are (1) that it is the first to explore the drivers of safety performance in a cross-country context and (2) that it introduces a novel index of capacity when computing accident rates. By using data from 110 airlines in 26 countries, the study does not only provide insights into the firm-level but also the country-level determinants of an airline's safety performance. The results of this research should be of interest both to academics and to regulators who develop, oversee, and implement policies targeted at improving aviation safety on a national and supranational level.


Solving the classification task can allow us to make meaningful predictions about what properties, or attributes, an image exhibits. It can allow us to determine whether a shoe is fancy or not, or if a face is smiling. With advances in machine learning, our ability to make such predictions has seen significant improvement over the years. However, most successful methods in solving this problem are supervised, meaning that they require labeled data. Depending on the domain, acquiring such data can be difficult. Thus, it is worthwhile to be able to construct more training samples from existing data. Prior work has been done to this effect, often in the form of low-level "jitter," which employs spatial and photometric changes to add variety to the original dataset. In this work, we train classifiers to learn to predict binary attribute labels by augmenting our training data with new, "semantically" jittered images. To do so, we use an attribute-conditioned generative model to create label-preserving changes to existing data. We show that, in some cases, our proposed techniques result in higher classification accuracy than the baselines on the challenging UT-Zap50k and CelebA datasets. Furthermore, preliminary experiments show that in the case where the original dataset contains a class imbalance, our technique provides more substantial improvements.


Narrow-band radar which emits the signal restricted by bandwidth limitation has a low resolution in range profile so that it usually applies to target detection and tracking. However, the rotating target's micro-doppler is used to image by Narrow-band radar that provides a new idea for target recognition. Due to the characteristics of narrow-band radar echoes from spinning targets, an imaging method based on Bayesian Compressive Sensing (BCS) is proposed according to the sparsity nature of narrow-band radar echoes from spinning targets. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is able to provide a sharp and sparse image absence of side-lobes which is the common problem in conventional complex-valued back-projection method and has fewer artifacts compared to the previous version of Compressive Sensing (CS) based methods.


BACKGROUND
Previously reported race and sex differences in energy expenditure (EE) may play a role in body fat gain.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the study was to determine the relations between race, sex, Tanner stage, and EE.

DESIGN
We conducted a 2-y follow-up study of EE in 114 African American (AA) and white girls and boys aged 12.7 +/- 0.1 y ( +/- SE), who were stratified as obese or lean and were part of the Baton Rouge Children's Study. Total daily EE (TDEE) was measured by using doubly labeled water. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and thermic effect of food were measured by using indirect calorimetry.

RESULTS
White children had significantly higher TDEE and RMR than did AA children when fat-free mass was considered. Boys had significantly higher TDEE and RMR than did girls, even after adjustment for differences in size. TDEE and RMR were significantly higher in obese children, as a result of their greater fat-free mass and body fat, than in lean children. Activity-related EE did not differ significantly between obese and lean children. There was a strong relation between initial and 2-y TDEE and RMR. There was a significant decrease in activity-related EE in both racial groups. AA children had significantly more lean limb mass than did white children.

CONCLUSIONS
Average TDEE did not change over 2 y, but RMR increased significantly, and activity-related EE decreased significantly. Differences in trunk and limb lean mass of white and AA children may explain some of the ethnic differences in EE. The decrease in physical activity over 2 y may contribute to the risk of obesity.


This paper reports on the design of a subthreshold-CMOS chaotic oscillator based on Chua's circuit. The circuit is autonomous and generates chaotic signals from three state variables in a manner analogous to a Chua circuit. Previous CMOS IC versions of the Chua circuit operate above threshold and make use of capacitors over 200 times larger than the subthreshold design. Also, this design is based on fundamentally nonlinear subthreshold building blocks permitting flexible adjustment of bifurcation parameters for investigation of complex phenomena not present in a piecewise linear model. Finally, this design incorporates all necessary elements on chip, eliminating the need for an external resistor. The combination of reduced size and flexible nonlinearity make this design suitable for a single-chip VLSI synthesis of complex circuits making use of chaotic signals, including coupled maps generating spatio-temporal chaos and systems exploiting chaos synchronization.


Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels are water-swellable, non-toxic, non-immunogenic, and biocompatible. In this paper, we describe the generation of biodegradable PEG hydrogels by cross-linking biotinylated PEG oligomers containing intrinsic disulfide bonds via biotin-avidin interactions. The biotinylated PEG oligomers were synthesized by the condensation reaction between PEG and 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid, followed by the reaction with biotin. This methodology obviates the need for potentially toxic chemical cross-linking agents that are usually used in the common preparation of hydrogels. Therefore it may be particularly useful in biomedical or pharmaceutical applications.


ANNOTATION: The article discusses the principles of renewal in modern Uzbek poetry, the essence of the literary process, the role of words, ideas and interpretation in determining the specificity of the creative worldview, methods of combining emotional expression and image, as well as the national style The presentation is analyzed. In it the works of Bahrom Ruzimuhammad, Aziz Said, Gulom Mirzo, Nosirjon Juraev, Behzod Fazliddin, Alisher Nazar show the gradual development of Uzbek poetry of the new period, the aesthetic ideal of artistic discourse, the skill of individualization of emotional perception and philosophical depth. It is observed that the ability to sneeze. The subject of the lyrical image is in fact based on the diversity of creative worldviews and artistic concepts, inherently ideological and aesthetic views are centered on the synthesis of the social environment and the artistic reality created by the poet. In the continuous process, the poet focuses on the illusion of the use of metaphors, the ability to expand the possibilities of the image, and artistic skill.


Abstract. Multiple lines of evidence have demonstrated the persistence of global land carbon (C) sink during the past several decades. However, both annual net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and its inter-annual variation (IAVNEP) keep varying over space. Thus, identifying local indicators for the spatially varying NEP and IAVNEP is critical for locating the major and sustainable C sinks on the land. Here, based on a machine-learning-derived database, we first showed that the variations of NEP and IAVNEP are spatially asynchronous. Then, based on daily NEP observations from eddy covariance sites, we found robust logarithmic correlation between annual NEP and ratio of total CO2 exchanges during net uptake (U) and release (R) periods (i.e., U/R). The cross-site variation of mean annual NEP can be linearly indicated by ln(U/R), while the spatial distribution of IAVNEP was well indicated by the slope (i.e., β) of the demonstrated logarithmic correlation. Among biomes, for example, forests and croplands had the largest U/R ratio (1.06 ± 0.83) and β (473 ± 112 g C m−2 yr−1), indicating the highest NEP and IAVNEP in forests and croplands, respectively. We further showed that the spatial variations of NEP and IAVNEP were both underestimated by the machine-learning-based and process-based global models. Overall, this study underscores the asynchronously changes in the strength and stability of land C sinks over space, and provides two simple local indicators for their intricate spatial variations. These indicators could be helpful for locating the persistent terrestrial C sinks and provides valuable constraints for improving the simulation of land-atmospheric C exchanges.


We propose a concise function representation based on deterministic finite state automata for exact most probable explanation and constrained optimization tasks in graphical models. We then exploit our concise representation within Bucket Elimination (BE). We denote our version of BE as FABE. FABE significantly improves the performance of BE in terms of runtime and memory requirements by minimizing redundancy. Indeed, results on most probable explanation and weighted constraint satisfaction benchmarks show that FABE often outperforms the state of the art, leading to significant runtime improvements (up to 2 orders of magnitude in our tests).


The invention relates to a driving simulation test method in the field of a power system of an electric automobile. In the method, a speed curve part, a power calculating and matching part, a data processing part, a dynamometer, a vehicle road impedance realization part, an accelerator output part, a brake output part, a shift operation part and the power system are combined, and the corresponding functional modules are integrated; by setting target speed-time parameters, technical parameters of different vehicles and the like and calculating and matching the power of the whole vehicle, different commands such as rotating speed, torque, accelerator, brake, clutch, shift and the like at different speeds are obtained, and components on a test bench of the power system of the electric automobile perform corresponding actions so as to complete driving simulation tests under different predetermined road conditions and different vehicle models; and analysis can be performed according to the acquired and recorded related data after the tests are finished so as to obtain the related performance analysis report of the power system and complete the driver driving simulation test on the test bench of the power system of the electric automobile.


Herein, the strontium bioactive glass with ferrite composites is studied for the application of biocompatibility and magnetic hyperthermia. The bioactive glass SrBG (46.1SiO2–21.9CaO–24.4Na2O–2.6P2O5–5SrO) prepared by the melt quench technique at 1400 °C and manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) prepared by the modified microwave reflux oven are mixed together and sintered at 400 °C for 6 h for making composites. The in vitro bioactivity of these composites is observed by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF). The growth of the precipitated hydroxyapatite phase observed after SBF treatment is confirmed by the X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results. The in vitro cell viability assessment of these composites with MG‐63 cell lines indicates that the composites are biocompatible in nature. Furthermore, these composites show the antibacterial effect on the E. coli and S. Aureus bacteria cells. The room temperature superparamagnetic behavior accompanied by the heating ability in these composites proves their potential role for hyperthermia applications.


The nationwide launch of electric vehicles (EV) requires new approaches of market integration. The controlled charging of EVs offers a possibility to trade at the energy as well as the reserve power market. New actors enter the energy market to perform business cases in terms of trading aggregated capacities. But the economy differs between the business cases. This paper describes a calculation model which evaluates the economy of business cases by quantitative parameters. Furthermore four businesses cases are defined from the point of view of an aggregator. The business cases base on an international comparison of approaches to integrate EVs into the energy market. The developed economy model is used to evaluate the business cases. The result is the economically most suitable business case.


Gene transcription is an important part of gene regulation mechanisms. This process is mediated by specific proteins, named transcription factors, which bind to specific sites on DNA sequences, called transcription factor binding sites. Such binding sites are relatively short stretches of DNA usually located in promoter regions, within non-coding parts of DNA sequences. Promoter regions can be effectively modeled by structured motifs, sets of conserved regions which occur in a well-ordered and regularly spaced manner [1]. We present an algorithm that tries to identify promoter regions in multiple sequences. Sequence alignment is firstly used to reveal local conserved regions within sequences. This information is then biclustered to identify groups of sequences which exhibit similar sequences of conserved regions and are thus closely related.


eludes chapters on negative candidate ads (Gronbeck) and images of civic virtue in political rhetoric (Lee). Morreale's essay on presidential campaign films from 1964 to 1992 is a standout in the volume. This piece takes a rare look at biographical campaign films that portray candidates' backgrounds and discusses the myths and images that candidates evoke through these films over time. Mass-mediated images are considered in part 2. Two essays employing statistical analyses explore candidates and news coverage. Covington, Kroeger, and Richardson investigate candidate's media management strategies for attempting to control their images in the press. Woodard examines the outcomes of these strategies in terms of the amount of coverage given to candidates. Two thought pieces focus on debates (Birdsell) and media influence in campaigns (Rucinski). Part 3—perhaps collectively the strongest—discusses images of the voter-citizen. Topics covered here are campaign polls (Merkle and Miller), how campaign messages become voter images (Boynton and Lodge), the symbolic role of social groups in campaigns (Miller), and money and politics (Bauer). Zullow provides an especially thought-provoking essay challenging the conventional wisdom that campaigns are occasions that showcase the most negative aspects of American politics. Instead, Zullow argues that presidential elections bring about a political rebirth by drawing attention to shared values and concerns that are a part of the tradition of "American exceptionalism." He provides empirical support for this view by demonstrating that candidates who present the most optimistic campaign messages capture the most public support. For the most part, the essays are theoretically rich and intellectually stimulating. A good number include wellexecuted empirical analyses. However, one or two pieces do not meet expectations or fit as well with the theme. In particular, the essay on money and politics raises the interesting issue of the tension between freedom and equality where political spending is concerned. The essay, however, spends too much time recounting the history of campaign finance reform, which is widely available from other sources, and too little time addressing this important conflict. In spite of this limitation, it is still a useful piece, especially if the book is used as a class text. One of the many strengths of this collection is that it emphasizes the ways in which historically derived images influence politics today. The essays demonstrate how American traditions, myths, and values are fraught with contradictions, ironies, and paradoxes that complicate the process of image construction. The authors conclude that the image of American culture conveyed via recent presidential campaigns is "an image that incorporates many contradictions between what ought to be and what is" (p. 262). These images are "characterized by high ideals and disappointing behavior" (p. 263). In their conclusion, Miller and Gronbeck ask whether attaining democratic ideals is an impossible dream. They conclude that it is not but that solutions must take into account the interaction of all three sets of actors that are implicated in this dilemma. Candidates are supposed to uphold high moral and ethical standards, yet their campaign tactics frequently stoop to low levels. The mass media are supposed to fulfill a watchdog function but instead are manipulated by political officials and fall prey to the economic pressures of the news industry. Ideal democratic citizens are well informed and participatory, but in reality they are more tuned in to sensationalism than to responsible messages about politics and policies. With this volume, the authors have opened an important door for future research. They have laid the theoretical groundwork upon which others can readily build. They provide concrete illustrations of the type of research that can contribute to a successful integrated and multidisciplinary approach to the study of campaigns from a cultural politics perspective.


A system designed to provide a low-cost entry to the area of computer-assisted holo-graphic fringe interpretation, making maximum use of the computational and display capabil-ities of a standard personal computer with a color graphics adapter is described. The system includes a 7MHz video digitizer and four software modules. The software modules provide for video frame capture and storage, rapid analysis of general characteristics, computer-assisted data entry and least squares fitting to a polynomial model, as well as graphic model display and data extraction.


Abstract                                                                        Bachelor Thesis, Program of Master of Science in Business and Economics, School of Business and Economics at Linneaus ...


Coverage of modern views on security trends and directions for developing security systems in the context of global automation and integration into unified automated control systems. An overview of the prospects for using artificial intelligence in security systems to identify difficult to classify situations using signs obtained from monitoring data. Assessment of the prospects for the use of fire alarm systems based on the principles of artificial intelligence based on neural networks (building on the principles of combinatorics of methods of neural networks and odd logic systems). Construction of a mathematical model that describes the process of generating a reliable formation of a signal about the transition of the system to the "fire" state and a description of the problem of correctly setting the system response threshold for signal generation, solving the problem of minimizing the number of false positives by introducing an additional channel that receives initial information about the state of the object in the optical range. Investigation of the reliability of the characteristics of gas fire detectors declared by the manufacturer to determine the possibility of using them as initial elements of fire alarm systems built on the principles of neural networks.


36:257 REPORTING FROM THE FRONT: THE MEDIA AND THE MILITARY by Judith Sylvester and Suzanne Huffman (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005—$75.00/26.95, ISBN 0-7425-3059-0 hard, 0-7425-3060-4 paper, 266 pp., appendices, index) is largely a study of the embedded reporter approach used during the Iraq war (though the title doesn't make that clear). The authors, who teach journalism at Louisiana State and Texas Christian universities, respectively, base their study substantially on interviews with people who "were there" as well as key figures back at home. After an opening section of "retrospective," where they briefly describe the careers of such iconic reporters as Walter Cronkite and Bob Schieffer of CBS (as well as several print journalists), they move on to sections on how the military managed the war, how the media did the same thing, visual journalism, print journalists, television (station and network) journalists, radio journalists (the two examples are both drawn from NPR), competition and complaints about the coverage and reporting process in Irag, and a conclusion. Nearly all of the chapters are built around careful descriptions of a number of journalists—their background and specific role in reporting the Iraq war and its aftermath. Several appendices provide such documents as what reporters who were to be embedded were told to bring–and not bring–to Iraq. This is a very useful study of a different kind of war correspondent—one who works from the inside, raising both reporting opportunities, but also problems. The authors do a good job dealing with both. (Chris Sterling)


This paper presents a number of the considerations in the design of a launched prestressed concrete box girder bridge over the Glenelg River at Nelson, Victoria. The bridge has three spans with an overall length of 134 m and a main span of 50 m, supporting two traffic lanes and a footpath. This project demonstrates that the incremental launching method is a very effective form of construction for traversing deep waterways. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see IRRD abstract no. 895164.


In a search for more selective agonists of arginine-vasopressin (AVP), 10 analogues of [Sar7]- and [MeLa7]AVP with additional substitutions in positions 1 (beta-mercaptopropionic acid), 2 (phenylalanine), 4 (valine), or 8 (D-arginine) were synthesized and tested for antidiuretic and vasopressor activities. All analogues are characterized by a relatively high antidiuretic activity and by a sharp decrease in pressor activity. Their antidiuretic/vasopressor (A/P) selectivities were 2-3 orders higher (except for peptides 2 and 3) than that of the parent hormone. The additivity of the effects of changes in positions 1, 2, 4, and 8 combined with the sarcosine or N-methylalanine substitutions in position 7 on the biological activity is observed. Binding affinities of AVP analogues to plasma membranes from bovine kidney inner medulla and from rat liver containing specific vasopressin receptors were also determined. Generally, these analogues retained high binding affinities to renal vasopressin receptors, and on the other hand they are characterized by a large decrease in binding affinities to hepatic vasopressin receptors, which share characteristics with vasopressor receptors.


This memo describes requirements and protocol conventions for a new
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) URI parameter intended for marking
SIP requests and responses related to emergency services. This
proposal addresses issues that exist in the current 3rd Generation
Partnership Project IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Emergency services
solution, but is not precluded from being used by other SIP-based
emergency services solutions. It is not intended as a replacement for
the service URN.


One approach to develop innovative antimicrobial wound dressing materials is to use natural
polymers loaded with antimicrobial agents. The valorisation of animal proteins as biomaterials with
antimicrobial properties is a new concern for development of wound healing. Plant esssential oils (EO) also
indicate a potential approach for new wound dressing materials able to replace the synthetic antymicrobial
agents. In this paper, plant-polymeric film was prepared by casting film-forming emulsion based on
lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil/Tween 80 dispersed into rabbit collagen glue hydrolysate–
chitosan biomaterial. The effect of biomaterial film composition on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and
Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 standard bacteria, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 pathogenic fungus was
studied according to European Pharmacopoeia 10/2020 as compared with biomaterial film without essential
oil. The in vitro antibacterial tests against three bacterial strains showed that the rabbit collagen glue
hydrolysate–chitosan biomaterial inhibited all the three microorganisms. The rabbit collagen hydrolysate
glue-chitosan film loaded with lemongrass essential oil exhibits antimicrobial activity towards tested
microorganisms but lower as compared with control. The explanation could be due to the short time of
investigation, or maybe some active compounds constituents of EO, which favour the cellular proliferation.
Preparation of rabbit collagen glue hydrolysate-chitosan biomaterial loaded with lemongrass essential oil is
an environmentally friendly solution, which may contribute to the development of wound healing materials as
an alternative to topical antimicrobial agents.


We present the first detection of unidentified infrared (UIR) emission features at ~6.4 and 7.9 μm in the spectrum of the dusty WC8 Wolf-Rayet star WR 48a. Based on the H-deficient nature of WC stars, we attribute the emission features to large carbonaceous molecules or amorphous carbon dust grains in the circumstellar environment of WR 48a. The 6.4 μm feature resembles the emission feature seen toward H-deficient planetary nebulae (PNe), while the 7.9 μm profile resembles that of some PNe with H-deficient WC10 central stars. These similarities point toward a similar origin of the dust in these H-deficient environments and highlights the apparent sensitivity of the UIR bands to physical conditions. In the case of WR 48a and the [WC10] PNe, shock processing may play a major role in dust formation.


Fenugreek seeds are well known herbs that used traditionally as a spices, besides, their uses as a medicine for many diseases.Many researchers worked on the effects of these seeds on many diseases.In 2002, for  the 1 st time,these  seeds used for  the treatment of the infertility. In this study, a trial to use the fenugreek seeds oil in the treatment of the infertility in man has been done.The results are so encouraging to consider fenugreek seed oil as a safest, cheapest and  an excellent medicine for the treatment of the infertility in men  due to oligospermia .Yet,  the mode of action can  not be explained. Keyword s : infertility, fenugreek seeds oil


Abstract : Results are presented for an experimental program which investigated the application of an LDV technique in supersonic flows. This paper presents an analysis of the behavior of light-scattering particles in rapidly accelerating or shock decelerated flows, an evaluation of particle production techniques and the results of several velocity measurements. Measurements included the velocity distribution along the nozzle centerline and flow over a diamond airfoil in a Mach 3 tunnel and velocity profiles for a turbulent boundary layer in a Mach 4.8 facility. It is demonstrated that LDV measurements can be made consistently with errors of less than five percent if the particle lag is considered. (Author)


This article describes how online tests are used to achieve the following goals: 1) to engage and to motivate students learning chemistry; 2) to understand how students solve difficult problems; 3) to assess students learning outcomes that are listed on the course syllabus; and 4) to evaluate instructors teaching. Online testing includes online test questions and assessment questions. Both are made available on Blackboard. The online tests include chapter quizzes and review tests, two low-stake tests. Students can improve their grades as many times as they wish through the Blackboard online. Whenever mistakes are made, students are encouraged to review the course material, and to re-solve the problems. For each online test it normally takes a student three attempts to fix his or her mistakes. From these activities, students learn to be accountable for their performance and to use resources effectively. From the Grade Center instructors can View Grade Details and understand how students have handled difficult concepts. For the course assessment, however, only one attempt is allowed. The results of the assessment indicate 33% of the students have troubles distinguishing exothermic and endothermic reactions. Online testing is an innovative and effective pedagogical tool that not only bonds students and instructors; but also balances the instructors' guidance and students' efforts.


Tne relative effectiveness of 37 insecticides applied as seedling root dip (SD), 29 insecticides applied as foliar sprays after transplanting (DAT) and 19 insecticides applied into standing field water (SW) was evaluated against rice brown planthopper, stem borer. leaf folder and whorl maggot. Mephosfolan SD was effective against all the four pests tested. while azinphos-methyl, endosulfan, leptophos, monocrotophos and phosphamidon as SD were next best, showing effectiveness against two of them. As foliar sprays, ethyl parathion was effective against three pests while chlorpyriphos, chlorphenamidine. MIPC, methamidophos and phosalone were next best being effective against two of the pests tested. As standing water applications, BPMC and carbofuran followed by AC. 92,100, chlorfenvinphos, carbaryl + lindane. diazinon, andrin, mephosfolan and quinalpnos were effective against three or two of the pests tested. On the whole, mephosfolan, followed by carboturan, azinphos-methyl, diazinon and quinalphos were promising with broad spectrum effectiveness against the rice pest complex.


The earth pressure of Caojiawa Gold Mine becomes very complicated when the exploitation proceeds to the Xiao-yi-ge-zhuang area.In order to optimize the underground mining method,the original rock stress measurement is implemented,which is on the basis of the stress relieving method and tested by the acoustic emission method,and the original rock stress distribution characteristic is preliminarily mastered.On the basis of that,the structural parameters of the presently used overhead horizontal slicing and cemented filling mining method are optimized,and the mining becomes more efficient and safer.


This article is motivated by the Bahasa Indonesia" interference that occurs among children and adolescents. The language interference is influenced among others by ads that use slang or foreign language which occasionally do not heed the use of Bahasa Indonesia which is good and grammatically correct. Bahasa Indonesia which is good and grammatically correct is a means of communication used by all levels of Bahasa Indonesia society. Bahasa Indonesia is used when communicating orally to adjust the situation, conditions, and opponents spoke. Bahasa Indonesia which was used in the written concept that needs to watched standard grammar and spelling improved. The use of Bahasa Indonesia society became a standard level of proficiency by public Indonesia as the national language. Advertising language is a part of a language which the main purpose is to attract attention with the words or phrases that have an unusual style, concise, and easy to understand. In practice, the language used in the ad are sometimes less in line with the principle of Bahasa Indonesia which is good and grammatically correct. The use of language too much, regardless of the logic of language, and the language interference are meant only to attract consumers. Meanwhile, advertising is a medium that is easily seen and heard, especially by children and adolescents who liked to imitate new things, including language. This thing can affect and damage the development of Bahasa Indonesia which was also influenced by the existence of language users.


In the domain of computer graphic, to achieve facial animation looks like real human performance without any bias is always the holy grail of related research academy and industry[Ma 2008]. Next Media Animation (NMA) as the Asia's leading animation studio is famous for applying the fast production pipeline to generate news animation and cartoon episodes. We has developed a unique pipeline, following the scenario to assemble models from our own data base with mocap data to render out news story for worldwide broadcasting in two hours. However, for the high-end quality, to develop a practical and fast pipeline for merging facial animation into NMA current news pipeline without any additional time request has become an issue of our Media Lab R&D team.


We have performed a near-infrared photometric monitoring of 39 galactic young star clusters and star-forming regions, known as {\em NIP of Stars}, between the years 2009--2011, using the Swope telescope at Las Campanas Observatory (Chile) and the RetroCam camera. The primary objective of the campaign is to perform a census of photometric variability of such clusters and to discover massive eclipsing binary stars. In this work, we describe the general idea, the implementation of the survey, and the first preliminary results of some of the observed clusters. This monitoring program is complementary to the Vista Variables in the V\'ia L\'actea (VVV), as the brightest sources observed in NIP of Stars are saturated in VVV.


In this article we have examined the very low‐temperature photochemistry of three acyclic 1,3‐dienes. We have used high‐temperature deposition techniques combined with matrix isolation to create samples enriched with the thermally meta‐stable s‐cis form. This technique has allowed us to examine the separate photochemistry of the s‐cis and s‐trans conformers. Our results suggest the presence and the absence of barriers on the excited‐state surface. In particular, we have found that the electrocyclic closure and s‐cis–s‐trans photochemical isomerization stops at 15 K for 2,3‐dimethyl‐1,3‐butadiene‐d10. The closure occurs at higher temperatures in solution but is slowed by a deuterium isotope effect. The s‐trans conformer of EE‐2,4‐hexadiene shows almost no photoreactivity in a matrix under 254 nm irradiation, but the s‐cis conformer is rapidly converted to ZE‐2,4‐hexadiene (ZE‐HXD). The photoreactivity of ZE‐HXD is similar in that there is a relatively quick conversion of the s‐cis conformer under these conditions, with only a very slow conversion of the s‐trans to photoproducts.


We analyze the slow roll dynamics of the massive version of Yang–Mills-type matrix mechanics. We find that one can reproduce in this limit the one-loop non-Hermitian matrix model, describing the dilatations of the local gauge invariant composite operators in the scalar sector of super Yang–Mills theory. This possibility is explained through the fact that the dilatation operator of the last can be identified with the radial-time Hamiltonian. We also explore the finite mass corrections to the slow roll action.


Scholars and practitioners believe that green management is the future of business or at least a competitive advantage in this fierce competition of business. Firms need to be competent in managing business while maintaining sustainable environment for the future generation and convincingly demonstrate corporate environmental citizenship behaviour (CECB) to show that they are able and capable in managing the green environment. On the other hand, Human Resource Management (HRM) scholars argue that crafting and executing green management strategies required high level of knowledge, skills and competencies among the employees of the firm. Subsequently, CECB can only be part of the firm"s culture if the employees have the right knowledge, skills and competencies of green management embedded systematically in the corporate culture. Therefore, they argued that CECB as a result of painstakingly crafted and executed green management strategies required methodical HRM strategy, systems and practices. This new thinking of Green HRM, as termed by scholars in this area, which refer to the integrated HRM strategy, systems and practices that lead to the practice of effective green management and subsequently the demonstration of CECB by the firm, is a new field of study that need attention for further research. Many scholars argued that Green HRM will influence the practice of green management such as Environmental Management System (EMS) and practice of CECB. Integrated practice of HRM which consists of recruitment and selection of potential employees, training and development of employees in the light of green management practices, managing employees" performance that congruent with green management performance and rewarding them accordingly, as well as get them involved in planning and implementation of the green management initiatives are proposed in the literature to be significantly influence the effective implementation of EMS and the demonstration of CECB. These propositions have been widely debated in the literature but seldom tested using empirical data from the industry. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between Green HRM, EMS and CECB. The study proposed that Green HRM is significantly related to EMS and CECB. We also explore whether EMS mediated the relationship between Green HRM and CECB. Based on the literature review, the study developed a researchable framework of these relationships and tests the relationship using data collected from the Electric and Electronics (E&E) industry in Malaysia. We conducted this study in three stages; firstly we explored the literature to develop the constructs of Green HRM, EMS and CECB. Secondly, using focus group interview we further explored the constructs and subsequently developed questions for empirical data collections. Finally, we collected empirical data from the E&E industry using questionnaire developed to test the proposed framework. From the data analysis, this study found that Green HRM is significantly related to EMS as well as CECB. It is also found that there is not enough evident to show mediating effect of EMS in this relationship. Findings from this study contribute to our understanding of how Green HRM influence the practice of green management and how its influence the demonstration of CECB by the firms. Based on findings, researchers in this area could further explore how individual HRM Proceedings of INTCESS20185th International Conference on Education and Social Sciences 5-7 February 2018Istanbul, Turkey 880 practices influence to the green management initiatives and CECB. Practitioners in this area could also use the findings from the study to effectively use HRM practices that significantly influence the practice of green management initiatives and CECB. Researchers could also replicate the same study using data collected from different industry or countries to get better insight of the viewpoint.


1https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-2575 Lentigines are flat or slightly raised, small, black-brown macules with a clearly defined edge (1). Histologically, increased numbers of melanocytes and elevated amounts of melanin can be observed. In some conditions, lentigines are associated with multisystem syndromes, which usually present symptoms at birth or early childhood, such as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Noonan syndrome and LEOPARD syndrome (1–4). SASH1 is a member of the SLY-family of signal adapter proteins, and serves as a candidate tumour suppressor in breast and colon cancer (5, 6). Heterozygous SASH1 mutations were initially reported to be associated with dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH), which is predominantly characterized by generalized mottled hyperand hypo-pigmentation (7). Recently, several cases of SASH1-related lentiginous phenotype have been reported in succession (8–10). This report describes the clinical and molecular delineation of a Chinese family with multiple lentiginous phenotypes, and the successful treatment of facial lentigines with a 755-nm Q-switching alexandrite laser.


It is important to be able to predict the initiation of the inelastic response of materials that are subjected to various stress states. The term, "inelastic" is used to define the material response in relation to the stress-strain diagram that is non-linear and that retains a permanent strain or returns to an unstrained state on complete unloading. The term, "plastic" or "plasticity" is used to describe the inelastic behavior of a material that retains a permanent set on complete unloading. This chapter discusses the condition for the initiation of yield in ductile metals, such as structural steels. The use of uniaxial stress-strain data and their limitations are discussed together with a general description of non-linear material behavior. The stress-strain relationship might be greatly affected by the rate at which a load is applied. If a normal ductile material is considered, then the stress-strain relationship has an elastic range followed by a non-linear inelastic or plastic range. If the loading rate is very high, then the magnitude of the inelastic strain that precedes fracture can be reduced compared to that from normal load rates that are experienced under test conditions. High load rates result in an apparent increase in yield stress and modulus of elasticity. The material response is also less ductile under such conditions and, in the case of extremely high load rates, the response resembles brittleness.


We provide this response to highlight data collected through online survey research. Our most important finding is that UK citizens typically perceive individual items of food to be higher risk following the UK lockdown. By risk we mean increased likelihood that eating the food would damage their health due to risks of contamination, food poisoning, improper handling, food fraud and mislabeling. However, this increased perception of food risk varies by food type. Post lockdown UK citizens perceive foods from China and the USA to be higher risk than that from the UK or the EU (this data is currently under peer review). This has implications for post lockdown (and post Brexit) trade policy and public trust. To rebuild the UK food system post COVID19, communication of food safety and food supply decisions must be coordinated, transparent and wide reaching. Our research confirms three key findings of other surveys carried out since the COVID19 lockdown that: 1) cooking and shopping practices have changed since lockdown with larger less frequent shops; 2) household food waste behaviour has changed since lockdown, with different population segments (age/income) self reporting wasting more or less than usual; 3) household food insecurity has increased by at least 10% since lockdown and the COVID crisis. We recommend that the Government and food industry should highlight to the public that the risk of contracting COVID19 through food or food packaging is highly unlikely. As perceptions of food risk influence citizen food choice it is key to understand whether specific foods or food groups show a greater increase in perceived food risk (e.g. fruit and vegetables vs. high fat sugar and salt foods), as this could have a negative impact on the uptake and consumption of sustainable healthy diets within the UK population post lockdown. We highlight that citizen science is uniquely placed as a research method to 1) investigate food issues, and 2) communicate information to the UK public. Providing further funding for citizen science research would be advantageous as the UK rebuilds the food system post lockdown.


Children who are destined to be poor readers in fourth grade almost invariably have difficulties in kindergarten and first grade with critical phonological skills: their knowledge of letter names, their phonemic awareness (ability to hear, distinguish, and blend individual sounds), their ability to match sound to print, and their other skills in using the alphabetic principle are weak. These weak phonological skills, in turn, mean it is difficult for these children to identify (decode) unknown words, and their efforts to do so produce many errors. Naturally, these children find it difficult, even unpleasant, to read independently.


Approaches of the leading world countries to ensure the economic security of business entities have been considered. The main tasks of the State authori ties in the matters of economic securing the business activities have been de -termined. The challenges of ensuring the economic security of enterprises in Ukraine as well as directions for solving problems at the State level are out -lined. The necessity of separating threats to economic security of enterprise, both by the areas of their occurrence and by levels of threat, have been sub -stantiated. It has been suggested to separate internal and external threats to the economic security of a business entity into the three levels: micro-, meso-and macro-level. The importance of addressing the economic security of enter prises at the macroeconomic level is described. The main directions of solving the present problems and options for State's action in each given direction have been determined. It is proved, that a comprehensive approach to solving the outlined problems will enable domestic enterprises to economically safe operation and will provide effective incentives for their development. of entities of the real sector of economy has been substantiated. The main directions for implementing the policy to ensure the ecologization process in the region have been proposed.


Article history Received: 12 May 2021 Accepted: 18 May 2021 Published Online: 18 June 2021 Metabolic syndrome is the cluster of diseases, which is manifested by central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, lipodystrophy, and high blood pressure. These metabolic syndrome-related traits significantly increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, adverse cardiac events, stroke, and hepatic steatosis. In the past decade, several organizations have proposed different diagnostic criteria. The use of traditional Chinese medicine to treat metabolic syndrome has received increasing attention due to its wide availability. In this paper, we report a case of three patients with metabolic syndrome with improved administration of 7.5 g of Kangen-karyu extract per day for 6 months. We present and discuss evidence supporting the possibility of using Kangenkaryu for metabolic syndrome.


The present study was conducted in a private orchard during 2007 and 2008 seasons in order to evaluate the morphological, physiological characteristics and molecular marker in the two Indian jujube varieties, Balahy and Tofahy. The results showed that: Tofahy variety recorded the higher vigorous growth, leaf area, leaf length, leaf width and length of primary and secondary shoots, while Balahy variety recorded the higher leaf length/width ratio. Tofahy variety recorded the higher fruit set, fruit number/tree, fruit weight, yield, fruit width, fruit pulp thickness while Balahy variety recorded the higher fruit length, fruit length/width ratio, fruit firmness, seed weight and seed/fruit weight ratio. Tofahy variety recorded the higher fruit acidity, ascorbic acid while Balahy variety recorded the higher leaf and fruit total chlorophyll, fruit TSS/acidity ratio. Tofahy variety recorded the higher leaf and fruit nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and zinc, leaf potassium and fruit sodium while, Balahy variety recorded the higher fruit potassium. No significant differences were recorded between both varieties concerning fruit drop, volume, TSS, reducing, non-reducing and total sugars, juice pH, chlorophyll A, B, carotene and leaf sodium. Genetic similarity was found for the two varieties in elecrophoresis analysis, but there were, little differences at the sequence of amino acids in protein and DNA bands.


Blood samples from patients with coagulation disorders in obstetrics and with advanced carcinoma of the kidney were examined for the presence of cross-linked fibrinoligomers. Quantitative gel filtration of ß-alanine precipitated plasma samples and chain characterization of isolated fibrin derivatives by SDS-PAA gel electrophoresis after reduction with mercaptoethanol were performed. Electrophoresis of immunoadsorbed material was additionally applied. In all cases of intravascular coagulation crosslinked fibrinoligomers in amounts of 8-25 per cent of the total fibrinogen content were observed. Severe cases revealed a molecular weight pattern of derivatives ranging from 5 million and more down to 45 000. X, Y, D, E and D-dimer were found in the ß-alanine supernatant. In 5 patients with advanced renal carcinoma a cross-linked dimeric derivative was observed predominantly. In vitro produced crosslinked 125 I-fibrinoligomers were injected into rabbits. Radioactivity was measured in gel filtrated fractions from ß-alanine precipitated samples, and a half-life time of approximately 7 hours of the high molecular weight fraction averaging 5 million daltons was found. It is concluded that circulating crosslinked fibrinoligomers which differ in regard to complex formation and half-life time to soluble fibrin monomer complexes may indicate intravascular coagulation.


The embodiment of the invention provides a detection method and device for electrocardiosignals. The detection method comprises the steps that audio electrocardiosignals are acquired, and the audio electrocardiosignals are obtained by being collected by electrocardio collecting equipment in a first preset time and then processed through modulation; signal demodulation is performed on the audio electrocardiosignals; average amplitude values of the modulated electrocardiosignals are continuously acquired by taking a second preset time as a cycle; the number of the first amplitude values, exceeding a first preset amplitude threshold value, of the average amplitude values acquired in a third preset time is calculated, wherein the third preset time is longer than the second preset time; if the calculated first amplitude value number exceeds a first preset amplitude value number threshold value, first notification information which indicates that the electrocardiosignals are abnormal is output. According to the detection method and device for the electrocardiosignals, the validity of the electrocardiosignals obtained through signal demodulation can be improved, and then the human health analysis accuracy can be improved.


Documented evidence shows that training in life skills for school going children improves their physical and mental health status. Although Kenya has a curriculum and a policy for life‐skills training in schools, these have not been implemented because lack of local evidence for efficacy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and effectiveness of the life‐skill training curriculum for primary schools developed by the Ministry of Education, Kenya.


Small time asymptotics sample path large deviation for Fleming-Viot processes with selections was obtained in this paper. The rate function is the energy functional of paths with respect to the intrinsic metric of Fleming-Viot processes.


Quadriceps strength deficits and gait speed limitations remain significant issues after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), yet detailed longitudinal data characterizing these measures and their predictors are limited. This study aimed to describe the time course of knee range of motion, quadriceps strength, and gait speed post‐TKA, and to assess whether sex and body mass index (BMI) influenced the time recovery of these measures.


To meet the needs of effective cooperation of anti-terrorism and maintenance of regional security,considering the particularity of the regional development of SCO,the developing trend of pauperization and secularism,the diversity of languages and the complexity of the situation of crime,the necessity of personal collection of intelligence is enforced,so that the activity and agility can be fully exerted to provide the precise and valuabel intelligence for the decisions of anti-terrorism.


Charge of the Day: W h y Infrastructure M anagem ent is Essential in Reducing H ealth Disparities THE H O N O RABLE D O N N A M. CHRISTENSEN, MD Congresswoman This presentation will address the disproportionate impact of HIV/AIDS on the African-American community and other communities of color, and will stress that since it began, this epidemic has hit racial and ethnic minority com munities harder than any other communities in the nation. It will explore the health, social and economic impact that this epidemic has had and continues to have on the African-American community, and will focus on the emerging HIV/AIDS trends that warrant immediate attention. This will also address why infrastructure management is essential in reducing health disparities, as well as health equity should be championed as integral core components of quality health care, and will highlight the relevant priorities and legislative efforts of both the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) Health Braintrust and the CBC HIV/AIDS Task Force. Clinic En viro n m en t in H ealth Care D isparity ANITAVARKEY, MD Medical Director, General Medicine LOC Associate Program Director, Internal Medicine Residency, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL This presentation will review facilitators and obstacles noted in the literature and in practice that have impacted an organization's ability to provide care to patients infected with HIV/AIDS. The discussion will have as its structure the BESAFE Model of Cultural Competency developed by the National Minority AIDS Education andTraining Center. Specifically, it will challenge participants to conceptualize how organizational and environmental factors can impact health disparity within the context of cultural fluency— a conceptual framework that has historically been reserved for the provider to patient interaction. Issues such as workplace environment, behaviors of physicians within the care process, patient to provider ratios and workplace chaos are just a few of the topics reviewed as influencing bar riers to care, ethical practice, sensitivity within the environment, and the overall capacity of a clinic to provide both medical assessment and accurate care in a culturally responsive manner. N at iona l M in o r i ty A ID S Edu ca t io n and Train ing C e n te r CNMAETC3 9


Ubiquitous integrated computing makes possible new workflow processes and business models which can meet the challenges from the fast growing digital convergence. An integrated information framework architecture is proposed, to cope with business challenges to merge and integrated data across domain boundaries. Sensor-data are captured and mapped onto a common (standardized) format where semantic web technologies enable seamless and invisible data-fusion. The proposed architecture raises several technological challenges. Efficient and reliable sensors that can operate in hazardous environment are required. Extended use of sensors may generate vast amount of data, and efficient data filtering, integration and reasoning are needed to benefit from the expanded data collection.


Public private partnership (PPP) is a new concept in recent years to ease the pressure on the annual budgets of countries all over the world. Therefore, this paper seeks to explore the practice of relational contracting in public private partnerships which involve the procurement of service from private firm to build, own, maintain and operate facilities through the finance initiative arrangement of PPPs it draws on Transaction costs Economics and Game theories with a focus


3D-models based on patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells are widely used for biomedical research. Thus, non-invasive and continuous comprehensive description of these of 3D-models using FLIM and multiphoton microscopy requires.


This paper deals with distributed discrete-event systems, in which agents (or local sites) are required to communicate in order to perform some specified tasks. Associated with each agent is a finite-state automaton that captures the required tasks to be performed at that site. The problem considered is that each agent must be able to distinguish between the states of its automaton. To help it disambiguate states, an agent uses a combination of direct observation (obtained from sensor readings available to that agent) and communicated information (obtained from sensor readings available to another agent). Since communication may be costly, a strategy to minimize communication between sites is developed. The complexity of the solution reflects the interdependence of the agents' communication protocols. That is, the decision to communicate the occurrence of an event relies on which event sequences are indistinguishable to an agent, which, in turn, is a result of what has already been communicated to that agent.


The mechanism of public article supply includes such aspects as demand discovery,fund raise,encouragement,decision and organization,exclusive set-up and fairness.Our case analysis shows that either community organizations,farmers or other individuals can successfully supply the community with public articles;as supply mechanisms vary from subject to subject,so the core issue to be addressed in the public article supply may vary.


Algae are well-known to be exceptionally rich sources for biologically active metabolites and have recently gained recognition for their therapeutic applications. This study is designed to assess the phenolic composition of five algae and evaluate their antioxidant and protective effects against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced cytotoxicity in the protozoa Tetrahymena pyriformis. Successive fractionations of five algae using five solvents were performed. Spectrophotometric methods were used to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. The antioxidant capacities of fractions of these five algae were assessed through three in vitro tests (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP). The active fractions were further evaluated for their ability to attenuate H2O2 induced toxicity in T. pyriformis. Fucus spiralis has rich phenolic contents from chloroform (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions, averaging 65±0.90 μg GAE/mg fraction and 429.81±9.36 μg GAE /mg fraction, respectively. This algae also showed significant FRAP (261.53±5.40 and 117.66±0.40 μg /mL), DPPH (IC50: 49.51±3.29 and 55.48±0.20 μg) and ABTS (IC50: 50.73±2.62 and 219.82±5.47 μg /mL) results. The treatment with 300 μM H2O2-induced oxidative stress as shown by the significant decrease in the cell viability and the number of cells increases in CAT, SOD, GPx activities, and the levels of GSH and MDA. However, the treatment with EtOAc and CHCl3 fractions from F. spiralis appeared to be effective against cytotoxicity and the redox changes induced by H2O2. The results indicate that F. spiralis is a promising source of antioxidant and nutraceutical compounds for pharmaceutical purposes.


Pessinus in Central Anatolia : New Investigations. Pessinus, a Phrygian city established, according to literary sources, in the 8th century BC by the semi-mythical King Midas, still poses many questions although excavation has been underway for some 40 years. The main focus of the team from the University of Ghent, who undertook the excavation until 2008, was Hellenistic-Roman-Byzantine Pessinus. A team from Melbourne took over in 2009 and our focus is on the Phrygian period as well. Previous excavation yielded some material, mainly pottery, from the main trench excavated by Ghent, named by them ' Temple Area' ; this demonstrated that a habitation of some kind had existed in at least the central part of Pessinus in the Late Phrygian period. The terracing of the ' Temple Area' dates from the Hellenistic period and continued into the Roman. There are, however, various alignments of walls hereabouts, with those before the Hellenistic period, which follow the natural topography of the hill side, designated as Late Phrygian. This may be so, but the main requirement is to study the archaeological contexts of these walls. This is not easy, and not much has been published. At the same time, sites and areas surrounding Pessinus have yielded hard evidence of Phrygian occupation in the 8th-6th centuries BC. Our recent studies and surveys confirm this. The Tekoren settlement, situated about 7 km north of Pessinus, may hold the key to explaining why so far no Phrygian occupation material has been found in Pessinus until the 6th-5th centuries BC, and why Pessinus became a very important city with grand public and other buildings from the time of the Attalid dynasty. Perhaps until then it was quite a small settlement, and the acclaimed sanctuary to Cybele was not situated here but in Tekoren, which is a site much more suited to housing a Phrygian open-air sanctuary. Another important settlement is Hamamtepe, a hill-top site about 8 km southeast of Pessinus. These are some of the matters to be investigated and hypotheses to be tested. It is hoped that the new Pessinus excavation project will provide some answers and clear away much of the remaining mystery.


HE roots of the current ethnic violcnce and atomization of T Yugoslavla must be souglit ln the history. economy. and culture of tlic region. Yugoslavia is the European example of what Hclman and Ratner have called '*the failed nation-state. utterly incapable of sustainlng ItselC as a nicmbcr of tlic ititcrnational cornniunity."' Ever since the 7th century. when thrce Slavic tribes-Serbs. Croats. and Slovencs-migrated from Russia to the Balkans. they had maintained thcir scpnratc cxistcncc. until Dcccmber 1.19 18. when King Neksander of Scrbia announccd the fonnation of the IUngdoni of Scrbs. Croats, and Slovcncs. In thc 1920s 1111s liingdom was politically extrcmcly volatile because of Serbo-Croatian antagonism until 1920 when Alcksmder imposcd Yugoslavism by suspending tlie constitution a n d reorgankit~g the country into provinccs based on river-vallcys and changed the name of this state to Yugoslavia ("land of the south Slavs"). Corn1)risIng six republics (Slovcnia. Croatia. Bosnia-HcrLegovina, Serbia. Montcncgro, and Macedonia) and the two autonomous provinces of Vojvodina a n d Kosovo. Yugoslavia ncvcr had a "dominant state nation" as in thc Soviet Union. During World War 11. the rcpublics had frcqucIltly been at loggerhcnds with cach other. Each (with the sole cxccption of Slovcnia) containcd substantial cthiiic minoritics. Evcn the most numerous and dominant groups, tlie Serbs. courited less than 4 0 pcrccnt of the total population. In the succinct language of the U.S. Assistant Sccrclary of State of European and Canadian Affairs, .Ralph Jolinson, Yugoslavia docs present a "crazy-qu ilt niakeup".2


The problems existing in China's japonica rice industry development was pointed out and the concept,basic intension,and evaluation method of rice palatability were introduced.The genetic germplasm screening,introduction and utilization of fine eating quality rice were deliberated,and the production technique and application countermeasures were put forward.


The presence of a late Quaternary ice sheet/ice shelf over the East Siberian Sea has been proposed in several papers. Here, we further document its duration/resilience based on the sedimentary, bulk mineralogical, and geochemical (organic matter content and its stable isotopic composition, U‐Th series) properties of a core raised from the southernmost Mendeleev Ridge. The chronostratigraphy of the studied core was mainly built from the 230Th excess (230Thxs) distribution and decay downcore. At the core‐top, peaking 230Thxs values during the early MIS 3 and mid‐MIS 1 encompassing an MIS 2 hiatus were observed. As documented in several papers, these peaks suggest seasonally open ice conditions over proximal continental shelves. Below, the interval spanning MIS 4 and possibly MIS 5d records major ice‐rafting events illustrated by overall high coarse‐fraction contents. Underlying MIS 5e, down to MIS 11, the sediment depicts relatively low sand (1.7±2.5 dw%), high clay (33.5±4.7 dw%), and very low organic carbon (0.10±0.06 dw%) contents, and low δ13Corg values (−24.3±0.9‰). This section is interpreted as recording fine sediment transport by deep currents and/or meltwater plumes below a resilient ice cover, only interrupted by a few short‐duration events. These events include (i) detrital carbonate pulses assigned to deglacial events along the NW Laurentide Ice Sheet margin (Termination (T) III), and (ii) intervals with some planktonic foraminifer occurrences, likely relating to their advection from open areas of the Arctic Ocean (MIS 5e, 9 and 11). All Terminations, but TII and the early MIS 3, show peaking Mn/Al values linked to the submergence of Arctic shelves under a rising sea level. We conclude that the resilient ice cover, likely an ice shelf, has been present over the southern Mendeleev Ridge during most of the interval after the Mid‐Pleistocene Transition and was favoured by the low summer insolation of the MIS 14 to 10 interval.


In the Zaragoza of the mid-seventeenth century proliferated academies and the printing of poetry books; the relationships between the authors formed a thick plot (academies, dedications, preliminaries, anthologies...) in which more than literary links were established. Taking as point of departure the figure of Alberto Diez y Foncalda (Poesias varias, Juan de Ibar, Zaragoza, 1653), we propose a reconstruction of a substantial part of this network and an attempt of interpretation. About Diez y Foncalda little is known, and only through intermediate texts and poems of his colleagues from the academy of the conde de Lemos and that of his son, the conde de Andrade; in this article we try to unravel something more about his figure and his poetic and personal relationships.


One of the important issues in spatial ecology is how explicit considerations of space alter the prediction of population models. In this thesis we scrutinized some classical theories associated with the issue via spatial population models derived mechanistically. Incorporation of assumptions concerning the behavioural details of individuals of species living in a patchy habitat naturally gives rise to cross-migration models in which the per-capita rate of migration of one species depends on the density of some other species. To look into the impact of such a cross-migration factor on population dynamics we first studied a specific two-patch predator-prey crossmigration model while focusing on the hypothesis that space reduces predator-prey oscillations. We then investigated some general multi-patch multi-species crossmigration models while concentrating on the well-known theory of Turing Instability. We obtained new insights into these theoretical issues.


To investigate 13 year old pupils' suggested aims, recognition of relevant variable, and the relationship between the suggested aim and the conclusion which is drawn by pupils, we classified experiments in textdbook into three cases: (1) Case involving dependent variable and independent variable in the title of experiment, (2) Case involving dependent variable only, where pupils can know independent variable from the content of textbook, (3) Case involving dependent variable only, where pupils hardly can know independent variable from the content of textbook. In respect of the aims which pupils suggested, the suggested aims were reduced to the title of experiment in case(1). However, the suggested aims were divided into several forms which is not relevant to the content of experiment in case (2), (3). This shows that pupils are affected by the title of experiment according to how the variable is involved in the title of experiment. This is supported by the fact that when the variable is described in the title, the suggested aim is reduced to the title of experiment. On the other hand, there was a relationship between the suggested aim and the drawn conclusion in case (1). But there was few relationships in case (2) and (3). Surprisingly, the drawn conclusion in case(1) was not consistent with the expected one because of the inappropriate experimental setting. We need to be more careful in experimental setting, pupils' cognitive ability, and openness of experiment to help pupils perform experiment successfully.


The present invention relates to a traveling wave reactor (1) and to a method for separating magnetizable particles from a liquid (5) using the traveling wave reactor (1). The traveling wave reactor (1) comprises a tubular reactor (2), at its outer circumference at least one magnet (3) for generating a traveling field is arranged and its interior (4) of the liquid (5) flows through. In the interior (4) of the tubular reactor (2) is a displacement body (6) arranged in the liquid (12) into the interior (4) of the tubular reactor (2) initiates, which is flowing with the reactor (2) liquid ( 5) mixed in.


Staphylococcus aureus is an important bacterial pathogen associated with a wide range of infections due to its ability to produced several types of virulence factors. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of serine-aspartate dipeptide-repeat region (sdr C and E) genes among S. aureus isolates from different sources. A total of 37 isolates was conducted in this study divided into 17 isolates from tonsils infections and a 20 isolates from nasal carriage, the prevalence of sdrC and sdrE genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction technique. The results showed high prevalence of sdrC and sdrE genes among bacteria from tonsils infections in compared with isolates of nasal carriage with high significant differences. Also, sdrC gene was high prevalent than sdrE in tonsils isolates than in nasal carriage. In brief, the sdr genes highly prevalent in S. aureus isolates from invasive infections when compared with nasal carriage isolates with predominant of sdrC gene.