Objective:To explore the clinical and imaging features of senile vascular depressions.Methods:The clinical data of 26 patients with senile vascular depressions evaluated by the Hamilton depression scale(HAMD) were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Between treatment group and control group,there was no significant difference in HAMD total score,however,there were significant differences in anxiety/somatization,wight loss and sleep disorder scores.The cognitive disorder and retardation scores of treatment group were significantly higher than those of control group,however,the day/night change and hopelessness were obviously lower than those of control group.The patients' craniocerebral MRI mainly showed lacunar infarction in frontal lobe and basal nucleus and/or peri-ventricular ischemic demyelination.Conclusions:The clinical features of senile vascular depressions are:retardation is prominent,agitation is not obvious,cognition disorders are common,hopelessness is mild,day/night change is small and illness state fluctuates largely; and the main lesion showed by the imaging is in the intracerebral emotional adjustment pathway in frontal lobe and basal nucleus.


Throughout the 1980s, a different kind of academic inquiry gained momentum, one that invited the interpretations of previously ignored informants. It is difficult to imagine a scholar who has not noticed the many new publications featuring life stories and personal narratives. Yet, like the concurrent, and not unconnected, proliferation of volumes on "the self and "the postmodern," this phenomenon can seem both pervasive and elusive. Narrative research, in all of its various manifestations, is deeply implicated in contemporary conflicts over theory, methodology, and politics in scholarly investigation. Rather than providing evidence of a paradigm shift, however, an examination of these unruly developments would more likely confirm the arrival of a postparadigmatic age: New configurations emerge while earlier formulations persist, and various versions deconstruct and recombine. Nevertheless, I believe that it is possible to perceive some complex patterns of growth and change in this area. The aim of this chapter is not to curb the exhilarating experimentation that characterizes the current enthusiasm for narrative research. Rather, my purpose here is to familiarize readers with contemporary examples of narrative research in education while deliberating over definitions, examining explanations for the present popularity of such research, considering social purposes, addressing existing criticisms, and indicating innovative contributions.


Aromatic carboxylic acids strongly inhibited 4-methylcatechol oxidation by an o-diphenol oxidase extracted from sweet cherry fruits (Prunus avium). Esterification of the acids decreased their inhibitory strength. Inhibitors containing the benzene nucleus showed a greater effectiveness than the corresponding aliphatic and heterocyclic compounds (except 2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid). Similar inhibitory effects were observed by replacing the benzene ring with a highly unsaturated open chain. The inhibitory properties of benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid were investigated. It is proposed that the catalytic and inhibitory sites are close together in the enzyme molecule.


The article characterizes the beginning of emergency medical service in Mozyr region during the interwar period. Based on archives analysis shows outhospital medical assistance`s development from physician`s night duties and medical assistance at home services to the ambulance station creation in the late 1930s.


Despite a past story, "MA Jia-jue's Case" still reveals that a lot of drawbacks can be found in the content, mechanism, and method of both study and work we are always used to. Some parents have not been trained in a systematic and scientific way. Psychological counseling and psychological education have merely solved some technical problems, but did not give a solution to the kernel problem of "three concepts". We must adjust mind, highlight the psychological environment, strengthen responsibility, and promote scientific nature of the work in order to effectively innovate student' s work.


Background  Therapies targeting the T cell‐mediated pathology of psoriasis have been found to achieve remarkable clinical improvement and have confirmed the crucial role of the immune system either in peripheral blood (PB) or in skin. No analyses of T‐cell counts in both compartments have been conducted in order to confirm or refute the hypothesized shifts between them.


The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare performance on visual and auditory attention tasks along with the developmental trajectories of these systems. Participants between 7 and 77 years of age were examined: 490 subjects (229 males and 261 females) completed the visual and auditory part of a focused-attention task, and 688 subjects (320 males and 368 females) were tested with an alertness task in the two different modalities. Shorter reaction times were observed in the visual condition compared to the auditory condition. This difference was particularly large for children and for the more complex, focused-attention task. However, the gap between the two modalities decreased with age, resulting in significant interaction effects between age and modality for both attention tasks. Attentional performance increased with age, and maximum performance was achieved in early adulthood. For nearly all performance variables, no decrease could be detected with increasing age. In addition, the result...


The abuse of several drugs during the chemotherapeutic treatment associated with drug dependence can cause additional difficulties for the analyst concerned with dispositional, pharmacokinetic, metabolic or drug screening of drugs subject to abuse. Of prime concern is the separation, identification and/or characterization of a single drug or its metabolites in the presence of one or more other drugs or metabolites. Normally the analyst must accept the presence of nicotine (metabolites) and caffeine, as well as endogenous hormones, steroids, chemicals from various sundry food stuffs, vitamins, and chemical transmitters in biological tissues and fluids. The addition of two or more drugs simply places a greater stress upon the specificity of the techniques utilized in the identification process. It is, therefore, the purpose of this communication to describe the methods currently in use for the extraction and subsequent identification of a given drug of dependence through the use of ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy, gas-liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, spectrophotofluorometry, liquid scintillation spectroscopy, immunoassays, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy.


The present invention relates to the field and to materials useful / devices such process water treatment / metal recovery. Specifically, the present invention is amyloid fibrils; activated carbon; includes a support material optionally to provide a composite material in which the amyloid fibrils and the activated carbon are in intimate contact. Also provides a method of treating water using such composite materials. .FIELD 1


Estimating the total mileage and its evolution by types of vehicles is a corner stone of the understanding of the mobility at the national level. The aim of this paper is to compare these estimations and moreover to see how far users could rely on these estimations i.e. sometimes the data collection gives more accurate results and sometimes it's the model. For instance, the mopped traffics are better estimated by KILOM than the NTS. The paper will show that different estimations of the total mileage have to be sought in the differences of scope and methods. What is at stake is a better understanding of road demand and determinants of trips by cars.


a translation into Arabic of "Le voile du nom. Essai sur le nom propre arabe", with additions, corrections and indexes


1. Introduction: Territorial and Functional Interest Representation in EU-Governance, Michele Knodt. 2. The Problematic Coexistence of Functional and Territorial Representation in the EU, Simona Piattoni. 3. Collaboration and Consultation: Functional Representation in EU Stakeholder Dialogues, Holly Jarman. 4. Lobbying via Consultation - Territorial and Functional Interests in the Commission's Consultation Regime, Christine Quittkat. 5. Strategies of territorial and functional interests: Towards a model of European interest intermediation?, Michele Knodt. 6. Actors of the Common Interest? The Brussels Offices of the Regionsm, Justin Greenwood. 7. Social Movements and the European Interest Intermediation of Public Interest Groups, Carlo Ruzza. 8. Interests, Influence and Information: Comparing the Influence of Interest Groups in the European Union, Adam Chalmers. 9. The impact of national business cultures on large-firm lobbying in the European Union: Evidence from a large-scale survey of Government Affairs Managers, Andrew Barron. 10. Weakness as precondition of smooth integration? Representation strategies of functional interest groups from new member states at the EU level, Heiko Pleines.


DED is a display-oriented editor that was designed to add the power and convenience of display terminals to INTERLISPs teletype-oriented structure editor. DED divides the display screen into a Prettypnnt Region and an Interaction Region. The Prettypnnt Region gives a prettyprinted view of the structure being edited; the Interaction Region contains the interaction between the user and INTERLISPs standard editor. DEDs prettyprinter allows ellision, and the user may zoom in or out to see the expression being edited with more or less detail. There are several arrow keys which allow the user to change quite easily the locus of attention in certain structural ways, as well as a menu-like facility for common command sequences. Together, these features provide a display-facility that considerably augments INTERLISPs otherwise quite sophisticated user interface.


Hydrogen (H2) production from electrocatalytic water splitting is at present limited by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Breakthroughs in low overpotential and stable anodic reactions are urgently needed to complement the rapid advancements in H2 production. Using nickel (Ni)-based catalysts as an example, we intensified charge transfer on a nickel phosphide (Ni2P) anode for efficient H2 production using substitution of contaminant degradation for the OER. Based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in situ Raman spectroscopy, we confirmed that a decreased two-electron-transfer pathway was responsible for the superior formate oxidation, whereas the formation of the desired oxidation state of NiIII accounted for the efficient urea degradation. Both scenarios were beneficial for accelerating charge transfer across the interface between the anode and electrolyte, thus achieving high H2 production efficiency at low voltage. A voltage of only 1.40 V supported currents of 12.5 and 6.0 mA in urea- and formate-containing solutions, respectively, which reached 150 and 60 mA after the voltage was increased to 1.70 V, several times higher than that under basic conditions.


Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifactorial, highly prevalent liver disease in children. There is growing evidence that some genetic variants are associated with its development and rapid progression. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms – PNPLA3 I148M, GCKR P446L, TM6SF2 E167K in Bulgarian children with NAFLD.
We conducted a single-centre, prospective study of 32 children (22 patients with NAFLD and 10 healthy controls). Genetic testing and abdominal ultrasound were performed in all study participants. In the patients with NAFLD were additionally analyzed anthropometric parameters and standard biochemical tests, 10 of them underwent a liver biopsy for assessing disease activity and fibrosis.
The most common polymorphism was GCKR P446L, detected in 75% of the studied population, followed by PNPLA3 I148M (50.0% of the studied population) and TM6SF2 E167K (9.4% of the studied population). The GCKRP446L gene variant was more common in patients with NAFLD than in healthy controls (86.4% vs. 50.0%, p = 0:03). Furthermore, significantly more patients with NAFLD were homozygous carriers of GCKR P446L compared to healthy controls (54.5% vs. 10.0%, p = 0:025). Both patients with histologically proven significant liver fibrosis were carriers of GCKR P446L.
In the present study we found a high prevalence of GCKR P446L polymorphism among children with NAFLD, suggesting that this gene variant is associated with development of NAFLD in the Bulgarian pediatric population.


The invention discloses a refining method of a sodium esomeprazole crude product by adopting a mixed solvent re-crystallization method. The method is simple and convenient to operate, high in product purity, low in content of a single impurity (the content of sulphone is less than 0.1 percent), high in yield, and more suitable for industrially largely producing the sodium esomeprazole.


Diesel-burning air heater (air heater) and infrared heating lamp (infrared heater) were installed as auxiliary heaters in two single water-curtained plastic greenhouses with a set night temperature of 6℃ for cultivation of strawberry 'Seolhyang'. The average night air temperature was 6.6℃ in the infrared heater treatment and 7.1℃ in the air heater treatment. However, when the minimum outside temperature fell below ?10℃, the air heater had less internal temperature fluctuations. In contrast, the infrared heater had some cases of falling below the set temperature. The relative humidity was higher than 98% by the side-effect of water-curtain system regardless of the heating system. There was about 5℃ difference in leaf temperature between the turned-on and -off state of the infrared heater, and the efficacy of the infrared heater on leaf temperature was only limited to about 4 meters from the system. Peduncle length and plant height in the infrared heater tended to be greater than those in the air heater. There was, however, no statistically difference in leaf size and numbers of leaves, flowers on first cluster and branches. There was no difference in soluble solids content, fruit firmness, average fruit weight of the harvested fruits, and the yield. Comparing the heating costs, the air heater system took 622,662 won based on 543 L tax-free diesel, while the infrared heater system took 235,284 won by consuming 5,685 kWh of electricity, and 62.2% heating costs saving was achieved.


Spherical indentation of ceramic coatings with metallic interlayer was performed by means of axisymmetric finite element analysis (FEA). Two typical ceramic coatings with relatively high and low elastic modulus deposited on aluminum alloy and carbon steel were considered. The fracture mechanics of the ceramic coatings mechanisms due to occurrence of surface ring cracks extending traverse the coating thickness under spherical indentation are investigated within the framework of linear fracture mechanics. The J-integral associated to such cracks was computed. The evolution of J-integral vs the crack length and the indentation depth was studied. The effects of the interlayer, the coating and the substrate on the J-integral evolution were discussed. The results show that a suitable metallic interlayer can improve the fracture resistance of the coating systems under the same indentation conditions through reducing the J-integral.


An improved microchamber for electrical detection of biological cells was designed, fabricated and tested. The microchamber was formed between a gold coplanar stripline fabricated on a sapphire microscope slide and a single microfluidic channel fabricated in a polydimethylsiloxane cover. Compared with the previous design of a coplanar waveguide on a quartz slide with multiple microfluidic channels, the present microchamber was more sensitive, compact, rugged, and transparent. Tests on Jurkat cells in both time and frequency domains demonstrated single-cell sensing potential, as well as discrimination of live vs. dead cells. The test results could be explained by a simple equivalent-circuit model, which efficiently de-embedded the intrinsic cell properties from solution and electrode effects.


Total Hip Replacement (THR) accounts among the successful procedures in orthopaedic surgery. It is reported that survival rate of implants can be as high as 93% at 20 years]. Nevertheless limb length inequality may result being the cause of major discomfort and dissatisfaction for patients. Additionally limb length inequality may also be recognised as a source of an abnormal force transmission through the replaced joint, contributing to early loosening and failure of the implants. Not only limb length but also restoration of best possible femoral offset is critical to stability and long term result of the procedure. The main objective of our study was to assess the accuracy of determining limb length and offset changes intra-operatively by using a navigation-based measurement technique (Brainlab Navigaton System). Further we examined how many measurements were within a target accuracy interval of [−3mm, +3mm] when compared to values as provided by the implant manufacturer for trial neck (standard and high offset) and ball heads lengths. We have enrolled 60 consecutive patients between November 2010 and November 2011 with primary or secondary coxarthritis requiring total hip replacement. All patients received the Trilock stem and Pinnacle cup with cross linked PE Marathon and Biolox ceramic heads (36 mm) The analysis is the result of a prospective comparative study. Inclusion criteria of the study were: Patients with primary or secondary osteoarthritis, patients requiring primary arthroplasty at the time of index surgery, patients operated in the timeframe between November 2010 and November 2011 The primary objective of the study was the validation of the accuracy of intraoperative limb length and offset measurement with the aid of BrainLab navigation while changing trial components such as neck (standard and high offset) and trial heads (different lengths) as reported in their nominal values by the manufacturer. Each patient has undergone the following measurements: Intraoperative navigation measurement with BrainLab Navigation System for limb length and offset determination. Patients demographics: 60 consecutive patients, 12 males, 48 females, mean age 67.83 (37 – 84) mean BMI (26.26);Navigation measurements. Measurements obtained intraoperatively with the aid of BrainLab navigation system showed a consistent and remarkable reproducibility between the data obtained and the differences expressed in mm between the different trial components as specified by the manufacturer, i.e. it was possible to consistently reproduce the length and offset variations when changing trial component from standard to high offset for the neck and for the different ball heads lenghts. Results show a mean difference of −0,17 mm e 0,14 mm for offset and limb length measurement respectively (SD +/− 1,24 mm), among nominal values of trial components and those recorded with navigation. In this study we have approached the issue of limb lenght and offset determination as an intaroperative challenge that should be accurate, reproducible and provide vital information for leg length and offset determination at the moment of surgery. Intraoperative assessment of length and offset with the aid of BrainLab navigation system has proven to be a valid and accurate tool by matching the difference in measurements in an objective way i.e. by assessing and recording these differences when trial components such as neck and ball heads where changed intraoperatively. Data recorded have been compared with the nominal values for the different trial components provided by the manufacturer. The results show mean differences of −0.17 mm and 0.14 mm for offset and length respectively (SD ±1.24 mm) between navigation and the nominal values of the trial components as per specifications. We can therefore conclude that BrainLab navigation system is a valid, precise and reproducible tool for intraoperative limb length and offset assessment during Total Hip Arthroplasty.


Thomas Corona: Methodology and Application of High Performance Electrostatic Field Simulation in the KATRIN Experiment (Under the direction of John Wilkerson) The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is a tritium beta decay experiment designed to make a direct, model independent measurement of the electron neutrino mass. The experimental apparatus employs strong (O[T ]) magnetostatic and (O[105 V m ]) electrostatic fields in regions of ultra high (O[10−11 mbar]) vacuum in order to obtain precise measurements of the electron energy spectrum near the endpoint of tritium β-decay. The electrostatic fields in KATRIN are formed by multiscale electrode geometries, necessitating the development of high performance field simulation software. To this end, we present a Boundary Element Method (BEM) with analytic boundary integral terms in conjunction with the Robin Hood linear algebraic solver, a nonstationary successive subspace correction (SSC) method. We describe an implementation of these techniques for high performance computing environments in the software KEMField, along with the geometry modeling and discretization software KGeoBag. We detail the application of KEMField and KGeoBag to KATRIN's spectrometer and detector sections, and demonstrate its use in furthering several of KATRIN's scientific goals. Finally, we present the results of a measurement designed to probe the electrostatic profile of KATRIN's main spectrometer in comparison to simulated results.


The present invention relates to a tire comprising a tread, a crown reinforcement having a crown, two sidewalls, two beads, and anchored in the two beads and extending from one side wall to another sidewall reinforcement carcass, wherein the tread comprises at least one thermoplastic elastomer, said thermoplastic elastomer comprising at least one elastomeric block copolymer and at least one block of the thermoplastic block, and the thermoplastic elastomer the total content varying from 65phr to 100 phr (parts by weight / 100 parts of elastomer) range.


The mineral nutrition composition of Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Se,P,K,Ca,Mg and Na of Phyllostachys nuda bamboo shoots in Tianmu mountain,zhejiang province was measured.The result showed that the bamboo that of shoots of Phyllostachys nuda were rich in Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,P and K,their concentration was higher than most common vegetable.This provided new evidence for the product protection of original production place of the dried bamboo shoots of Tianmu mountain.


In this paper we propose an improvement for a semi-supervised learning algorithm based on Gaussian random fields and harmonic functions. Semi-supervised learning based on Gaussian random fields and harmonic functions is a graph-based semi-supervised learning method that uses data point similarity to connect unlabeled data points with labeled data points, thus achieving label propagation. The proposed improvement concerns the way of determining similarity between two points by using a hybrid RBF-kNN kernel. This improvement makes the algorithm more resilient to noise and makes label propagation more locality-aware. The proposed improvement was tested on five synthetic datasets. Results indicate that there is no improvement for datasets with big margin between classes, however in datasets with low margin proposed approach with hybrid kernel outperforms existing algorithms with a simple kernel.


There are many methods for identifying the shape and location of scatterers from far field data. We take the view that the connections between algorithms are more illuminating than their differences, particularly with regard to the linear sampling method [D. Colton and A. Kirsch, Inverse Problems, 12 (1996), pp. 383–393], the point source method [R. Potthast, Point Sources and Multipoles in Inverse Scattering Theory, Chapman & Hall, London, UK, 2001], and the MUSIC algorithm [A. J. Devaney, IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, 53 (2005), pp. 1600–1610]. Using the first two techniques we show that, for a scatterer with Dirichlet boundary conditions, there is a nontrivial incident field that does not generate a scattered field. This incident field, written as an expansion of eigenfunctions of the far field operator, is used in the MUSIC algorithm to image the shape and location of the obstacle as those points z where the incident field is orthogonal to the far field pattern due to a point source located at...


1. Inheriting loss: Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke 2. The golden chain: Aemelia Lanyer 3. 'This testament of me': Mary Wroth's melancholic sonnets 4. 'In every breast her monument': Katherine Philips.


Starting from the representation of the hunger motif in Primo Levi's If This Is a Man (It. 1947, Engl. 1959) and its variation in George Tabori's "black mass" The Cannibals (Engl. 1968, Germ. 1969), the contribution aims to re-interpret the complex relationship of autobiographical, historical and fictional elements in the celebrated drama of the Jewish romancier and dramatist (1914-2007), who famously had "a mother tongue, Hungarian, a father tongue, English, and an uncle tongue, German". The metadramatic structure, combined with the focus on emotional, active memory, is thus related to the intertextual medley of the play as a sign for Tabori's search of a 'third way' in representing the Holocaust on the stage, moving away both from documentarian realism and sentimental celebration of the victims.


Edwards (1970, p. 223) discusses reliability of personality scores in relation to impression management, which he defines as intentional falsification of responses. He suggests that reliability coefficients typically found with personality inventories are higher than might be expected under impression-management attempts. However, Cliff (1968) investigated responses to Gough's Adjective Check List under standard and dissimulation instructions and found Ss ". . . responded according to highly similar stereotypes when asked to present as favorable a picture as possible." There was great consensus on how to fake. Cliff's finding raises the possibility that reliability of faked scores may be just as high as for non-faked. The present study investigated reliability of standard and faked administration scores, using the Edwards Personality Inventory (EPI; Edwards, 1967). EPI booklets were administered to four groups of 50 undergraduates. Two groups had standard insuuctions and two had "fake-good" instructions. One week after the first administration, Ss were tested again under the same instructions as originally employed for them. EPI booklets IA and IB (equivalent forms, each measuring 14 variables) were employed. Booklet 1A was used for session one with all Ss. Half of the Ss had IA again for the second session, while half had IB. Three measures of reliability were obtained under the faking instructions, and these were subsequently compared with the reliabilities under standard instructions for each of the IA and 1B variables. The measures were: testretest with IA, equivalent forms with IA and IB, and internal consistency with each form for each session. Pearson product-moment correlations (test-retest and equivalent forms) were higher for the standard administration in 27 of 28 comparisons. Similarly, Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 coefficients were higher for the standard administration in 43 of 56 comparisons. The proportion of reliabilities for standard administration that were greater than the corresponding ones for faked administration was significant ( p = .01). The results support the view of Edwards that faked scores are apt to be less reliable than nonfaked. Nevertheless, the magnitude of reliabilities found for the faked scores (e.g., median test-retest correlation of .78, and median equivalent forms correlation of .61) demonstrates that a fair degree of consistency in responding may sometimes be produced under impression-management attempts.


Objective: To find out the effect of intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab on central macular thickness (CMT) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in cases of retinal vascular occlusion (RVO). Material and method: All the patients of RVO treated at our institute over a period of 1 year, with a central macular thickness of more than 250µ were included in the study. Intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab was given and the CMT and BCVA were measured after a control period of 1 month. The injection was repeated at intervals of 1.5 months if decrease in CMT was less than 30%. Result: Out of the total 78 patients there was a significant improvement in BCVAin 58 patients. There was a significant decrease in central macular thickness in all of them. Conclusion: Anti-VEGF agent Bevacizumab causes significant reduction in central macular thickness and improves BCVA in cases of macular edema secondary to retinal vascular occlusion.


Children and animals in Danish medieval wall-paintings show how the range of themes in the paintings and certainly elsewhere also represented by children and animals is very' wide. Accordingly the mental horizon in the period must have been wide also. The church would never paint anything that was not publicly understood. The church must have decided what to paint, as it could not have accepted anything crossing its content. Pictures obviously critical of the church must reflect the division of the church.


A portable mini generator is provided to facilitate separation and assembly by installing a permanent magnet and a coil in a stator. A portable mini generator includes an actuator(1) and a stator(2). The actuator is installed in a piston rod(11). The actuator is made of magnetic material. The actuator induces an electromotive force in a coil(22). The piston rod reciprocates by a power generation unit(100). The piston rod is made of non-magnetic material. The stator is installed in order to surround the actuator. A permanent magnet(21) and the coil are installed in an inner wall of the stator. The permanent magnet is installed in both sides of the coil.


The development of noble metal-free catalysts, which can replace noble metals for various electrocatalytic reactions in renewable energy devices is of huge interest. Here, we report nanoporous α-MoC1−x and η-MoC nanosheets electrocatalysts for HER.


The objective of this paper is to evaluate particle crushing in the soil using the results of X-ray CT scanning without any destruction and sampling. First of all, the properties of X-ray CT data are discussed using its statistical consideration. Then, a method for evaluating particle crushing is proposed. This method is implemented by scanning simple granular materials using aluminum rods and soil. Then, a series of model pile loading tests are conducted for the materials of non-crushable and crushable soils. Based on the results of CT scanning for the model grounds, the effectiveness of the proposed method for evaluating particle crushing using X-ray CT data is confirmed. Finally, one of the effective usages of X-ray CT data in geotechnical engineering is convinced.


The subject of the study is an analysis of some provisions of the current legislation in the field of public procurement with a focus on the criteria for their award. As a result, some weaknesses in the national legislation have been identified, which are an obstacle to the implementation of measures financed through the Cohesion Fund (CF) of the European Union (EU) in the "Water" sector. The conclusions established during a comparative analysis against the applicable secondary law of the Union can serve as proposals for legislative amendments, since the identified imperfections have a negative impact not only on the sector, but also on the whole in the management of public resources in conditions of limitations on their size.
In a practical aspect, the research aims (and the end result) to make a connection between gaps in the national regulatory framework regarding the awarding of contracts for public procurement and their influence regarding the state of operators in the "Water" sector, and in – broad aspect – the permanent impossibility of achieving compliance with EU law in the sector caused by them.
Regarding the research methodology, methods such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparative analysis and comparison, and in cases where it is possible and applicable – empirical verification have been applied. In addition, processing of data acquired in the course of the research is applied (case law available).


Earlier studies of the periodic changes in cosmic ray intensity by power spectral analysis provided some understanding of the daily variation in terms of ambient power. The solar rotation periodicities are investigated, using daily means of calgary neutron monitor data during 1965 to 1976. Significant peaks with periods of 27 and 13.5 days with varying magnitudes are observed.


It is well known that classical systems governed by ODE or PDE can have extremely complex emergent properties. Many researchers have asked: is it possible that the statistical correlations which emerge over time in classical systems would allow effects as complex as those generated by quantum field theory (QFT)? For example, could parallel computation based on classical statistical correlations in systems based on continuous variables, distributed over space, possibly be as powerful as quantum computing based on entanglement? This paper proves that the answer to this question is essentially "yes," with certain caveats. More precisely, the paper shows that the statistics of many classical ODE and PDE systems obey dynamics remarkably similar to the Heisenberg dynamics of the corresponding quantum field theory (QFT). It supports Einstein's conjecture that much of quantum mechanics may be derived as a statistical formalism describing the dynamics of classical systems. Predictions of QFT result from combining quantum dynamics with quantum measurement rules. Bell's Theorem experiments which rule out "classical field theory" may therefore be interpreted as ruling out classical assumptions about measurement which were not part of the PDE. If quantum measurement rules can be derived as a consequence of quantum dynamics and gross thermodynamics, they should apply to a PDE model of reality just as much as they apply to a QFT model. This implies: (1) the real advantage of "quantum computing" lies in the exploitation of quantum measurement effects, which may have possibilities well beyond today's early efforts; (2) Lagrangian PDE models assuming the existence of objective reality should be reconsidered as a "theory of everything." This paper will review the underlying mathematics, prove the basic points, and suggest how a PDE-based approach might someday allow a finite, consistent unified field theory far simpler than superstring theory, the only known alternative to date.


Based on the actual demand for labor vote,a model and a protocol of quantum voting were proposed.This protocol overcame the limitations of calculation security in the classic electronic voting protocol,and had unconditional security.With the existing quantum vote protocol,real-time monitoring was used instead of post audit to oversee the verifier's behavior.The security and efficiency of our protocol were improved by reducing the technical difficulty.


This paper is finished based on the mass concrete construction in Wuhu Changjiang River Bridge,and presents new construction technology and temperature control, preventing crack technique of mass concrete from principle to practice in bridge engineering?The temperature characteristic and necessity to prevent mass concrete structure producing the crack is made out?The temperature control and calculate method and is given for mass concrete construction,and different viewpoint is declared in this paper compared with the concept of ordinary temperature control?


An improved Smith pre-estimated control method based on artificial neural networks is proposed for control of an uncertain system with large time delay.A compensator based on neural networks is designed to o- vercome the effect resulting from uncertain large time delay.It can be used to solve the problems of bad robust- ness and the prerequisite condition that precise mathematical models must be know in advance for the conven- tional Smith control method.Simulation result prove that this method can control large time delay plants without knowing their mathematical models,especially when the plant is time-varying,this new method is adaptive.


Removing snow in a city is an unavoidable task in Nordic countries like Sweden. A number of streets in an area need to be cleared of snow by a limited number of vehicles and the tours for the vehicles must be planned in order to minimize the time and/or cost. Since the amount of snow can vary significantly from one year to another, the plans/tours of one year cannot be used for the next year. Hence, new tours need to be planned each time. Snow removal can be done in rural or urban areas and in addition during snowfall or after a snowfall. In this thesis, we study urban snow removal after a snowfall. There are different relevant specifics of the urban snow removal problem. For instance, there are different types of streets which need different numbers of sweeps in order to remove the snow. In addition, some tasks must be done before other tasks can be started. This leads to precedence constraints. Furthermore, each vehicle needs a certain time to switch from a task to another task. The problem can be formulated as a huge time-indexed mixed integer programming which often is not directly solvable in practice. The contributions of this thesis include the study of different relaxations and heuristics to find feasible solutions and improve the bounds on the optimal objective function values which are discussed in five papers. Paper I deals with single vehicle snow removal. A branch-and-dive heuristic based on branch-and-bound principles is given in order to improve the solutions and bounds. In Paper II, feasible solutions for the snow removal problem with a limited number of identical vehicles are obtained. First, the work is broken down into smaller parts, one for each vehicle. Based on the obtained allocation, a feasible tour for each single vehicle snow removal is obtained. Finally, combined solution approaches and coordination of the vehicles to find a feasible solution for the original problem are discussed. In order to improve the computational efficiency, one can take advantage of the tree structure, since modern real life city networks often contain parts that are trees. In Paper III, tree parts are studied and a tree elimination procedure is given for the snow removal problem, to be used before searching for optimal tours. Two variations encountered in practice for normal streets are compared in Paper IV. The first variant is doing a middle sweep before the two side sweeps and the second one is doing only side sweeps. Paper V studies the problem from modeling perspective. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer programming model and different relaxations of it are investigated. Finally, Lagrangian relaxation of the problem is studied in Paper VI. Different possibilities for Lagrangian relaxations are investigated and subgradient optimization is used to solve the Lagrangian dual.


Myeloid leukemia (ML) is a cancer of the blood that begins when cells of the myeloid lineage uncontrollably change and grow. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disorder of rapid, uncontrolled growth of immature myeloid cells in the blood and bone marrow. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the aberrant proliferation of myeloid cells and driven by the translocation of regions of the BCR and ABL genes to form the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. The deubiquitinase enzymes (DUBs) including A20, OTUB1, OTUB2, and Cezanne play important roles in inhibiting NF-κB activation in response to various stimuli. Cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, and IL-1β are released from immune cell activation triggered by antigenic stimulation. To this end, blood samples of 20 AML and 62 CML patients and the control group consisting of 37 healthy individuals were used to examine the mRNA expression of A20, OTUB1, OTUB2 and Cezanne genes by using quantitative RT-PCR and determine IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations by using ELISA. As a result, the mRNA level of OTUB1 was significantly decreased in both AML and CML patients compared to that in healthy individuals, however, no difference in the transcriptional expression of OTUB2 among AML and CML patients and control group was detected. Unlike the levels of OTUB1 and OTUB2, the expressions of A20 and Cezanne in CML, but not in AML patients were significantly lower than healthy individuals. For serum cytokine analysis of the study groups, in AML and CML samples, IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations significantly increased in comparison with the control group, however, IL-1β level was similar among CML, AML patients and healthy individuals. In conclusion, this study revealed the different DUB involvement in the pathogenesis of ML, suggesting further investigations on gene polymorphisms and their functions linked to biological properties of leukemia cells.


SUMMARY The morphogenesis and hormonal relationships of a unique malignant basal-cell epithelioma in flank organs of the Syrian hamster are described. The life history of this androgen-estrogen-induced tumor involves three stages: 1. The migration of hair matrix cells hito dermal sheaths and/or dermal papillae to form epithelial nodules which become surrounded by connective tissue lamellae; these lamellated corpuscles occur normally in males aged 185 or more days, but not in females; they require the presence of androgen and are inhibited by estrogen. Under the of exogenous androgen they increase hi size, up to approximately 1 mm. in diameter, and the central cores of epithelial cells migrate peripherally as radiating cords! Under the influence of exogenous androgen and estrogen together, the stage 2 nodules increase in size and fuse to form definitive stage 3 neoplasms, the mean latent period for induction of which is ca. 230 days, with a range of 110-500 days. Once formed neither the spontaneous nor the induced tumors ever undergo complete regression, even with estrogen treatment.


"Good night" is the most common saying everyone uses every day. That shows sleep plays a vital role in human life, and about a third of a lifetime is spent sleeping. Having a good sleep means having good health, spirit, and intellect to work. Many studies have analyzed predicted sleep quality using machine learning (ML). However, no studies have federated learning (FL) to analyze and predict sleep quality predictions. Our study operated federated multiple convolutional neural networks (FedMCRNN) and multi-modal data collected from wearables for sleep quality prediction. We measure the performance of the FedMCRNN in many-to-one and many-to-many cases using a variety of metrics and compare it with traditional machine learning models. The results show that FedMCRNN predicts quality intention reliably, with 96.774% and 68.721% accuracies for the two cases, many-to-one and many-to-many, respectively. Besides, other metrics have better value than methods. The results also show that FedMCRNN performs better than previous most advanced methods for predicting sleep quality and clearly shows which features influence sleep quality. Our findings have implications for the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) doctors.


Traditional health-keeping sport,a unique way to keep fit in China,boasts of its effectiveness and long history.It's set as a course of PE curricula in some universities and physical education schools.But its characteristics are different from those of other sports.How to teach it is the key to the success of this course.With years of teaching experience,the author tries to study the characteristics and methods of teaching the course of traditional health-keeping sport.


| The present study reports the epidemiological and virological investigations of the twelve different outbreaks of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in goats and sheep flocks with considerable morbidity and mortality recorded from different places of Karnataka state in India during 2014-2015. Clinical samples were collected from the affected flocks or villages for laboratory investigation along with epidemiological parameters. The PPR virus (PPRV) antigen and its genome were detected in the infected tissues or swab materials by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (s-ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The significant epidemiological parameters recorded include young animals being severely affected than adult animals, which showed symptoms suggestive of PPR and changing pattern of disease in term of severity of gross lesions and clinical signs. The source of infection was traced back to introduction of new animals from other flocks or from other states. Despite regular vaccination of sheep and goats in the state, under National Control Programme on PPR (NCP-PPR), outbreaks need to be carefully monitored due mainly to production losses in small ruminants.


Novel technological advances significantly increased the demand to model applications requiring distributed processing. Frames are however too restrictive for such applications, wherefore it was necessary to go beyond classical frame theory. Fusion frames, which can be regarded as frames of subspaces, do satisfy exactly those needs. They analyze signals by projecting them onto multidimensional subspaces, in contrast to frames which consider only one-dimensional projections. This chapter shall serve as an introduction to and a survey about this exciting area of research as well as a reference for the state-of-the-art of this research field.


The main interest of the present test-case is that it is very simple and should be treated by all numerical codes. It concerns a physical situation where gravity forces destabilize a flat interface, while, optionally surface tension forces tend to stabilize it. Numerical comparisons may be carried either in 2D or 3D geometry and concern essentially the precision of the interface position. If surface tension is present, this test can be used to measure the correctness of capillary forces, which depend on curvature values.


This paper analyzes the effects of the introduction of technological tools and mandatory precedents on an overloaded procedural system. It takes as its starting point the Brazilian judicial system, from which we draw general conclusions. We conducted quantitative studies in three national courts, verifying the prevalence of rulings that restrict future cases, probably in an effort to compensate for the already existing overload. We also conducted a qualitative analysis of three cases that suggest that obligatory precedents can and, in our opinion, were used to discourage the filing of new lawsuits. We found that judicial discourse fosters a concern for the quantity of decisions rather than their quality. In conclusion, we affirm that these factors are capable of inducing cognitive biases that favor judgments of inadmissibility, depriving citizens of rights that, in other circumstances, would be recognized.


The ability of simple inorganic reactions such as NaOH + CuCl 2 , NaOH + AgNO 3 , and CuCl 2 + K 3 [Fe-(CN) 6 ] to form various complex precipitation patterns has recently been discovered. When the first reagent penetrates into a hydrogel by diffusion and reacts with the second reagent homogenized in the gel, a precipitate is built up that has two kinds of bordering surfaces with different properties. Our experimental results suggest that one of these surfaces is permeable, while the other one is an ion-selective membrane that restrains the diffusion of the first reagent's reacting ion, preventing the reactions from proceeding ahead of the membrane. The presence of an intermediary compound, the precursor of the precipitate, is observed in the front of the permeable surface.


A quantum gas jet scanner-based beam profile monitor is under development at the Cockcroft Institute (CI), UK for beam diagnostics based on the principle of ionization detection induced in a quantum gas jet interacting with an ionizing primary beam that shall be characterized. It promises superior position resolution and high signal intensity resulting from a strongly focused quantum gas jet. In order to achieve the gas jet with a diameter of less than 100 μm, a novel focusing method exploiting the quantum wave function of the neutral gas atoms, generate an interference pattern with a single maximum acting as ultra-thin gas jet. An 'atom sieve' has been designed for generating the interference pattern, applying the principle of a photon sieve. It will be analogous to a mechanical wire scanner though with minimal interception. The idea of moving a quantum gas jet through the beam is proposed for transverse profiling. This contribution provides a general overview of the design, working principle, the results obtained from initial measurements carried out at CI and University of Bergen (Norway), for designing the same and possible methods for optimizing the scanner's design.


SUBTITLE: THIS YEAR'S SURVEY SHOWS THAT COMPANIES OVERALL ARE MAKING PROGRESS IN ADVANCING THEIR SUPPLY CHAIN CAPABILITIES. BUT THERE'S STILL A BIG GAP BETWEEN THE LEADERS AND EVERYBODY ELSE. THIS AT ONCE PRESENTS A CHALLENGE AND AN OPPORTUNITY FOR THAT LATTER GROUP. THE CHALLENGE: TO APPLY THE PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES TO CLOSE THE GAP. THE OPPORTUNITY: TO START REALIZING THE REAL BUSINESS BENEFITS OF ADVANCED SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT.


We provide a new perspective to understand why reinforcement learning (RL) struggles with robustness and generalization. We show, by examples, that local optimal policies may contain unstable control for some dynamic parameters and overfitting to such instabilities can deteriorate robustness and generalization. Contraction analysis of neural control reveals that there exists boundaries between stable and unstable control with respect to the input gradients of control networks. Ignoring those stability boundaries, learning agents may label the actions that cause instabilities for some dynamic parameters as high value actions if those actions can improve the expected return. The small fraction of such instabilities may not cause attention in the empirical studies, a hidden risk for real-world applications. Those instabilities can manifest themselves via overfitting, leading to failures in robustness and generalization. We propose stability constraints and terminal constraints to solve this issue, demonstrated with a proximal policy optimization example.


The acetabular component is the most troublesome implant. There is more written about acetabular placement than any other anatomical site. The problems are: Maintenance of center of rotation (COR); Coverage of the cup with correct inclination and anteversion; Maintenance of inclination below 50 degrees; Anteversion must be mated to the femur (combined anteversion). COR is critical for balance of the correct offset and leg length. The inferior-medial metal edge of the cup should lie over the TAL or just proximal to it. No cortical bone of teardrop is palpable. Coverage: Inclination of the normal bony acetabulum has a mean of 55 degrees (range to 70 degrees) so the posterior-superior edge of the cup may be uncovered in many hips to keep inclination below 50 degrees. 45 degrees is critical for wear and anteinclination. Anteversion of the cup is not independent of the femur (Brown/Callaghan, Hip Society Award paper). Femur anteversion must be known to precisely position the cup. Cup coverage is important here too. The posterior and anterior edges cannot be proud (may need to ream more medial).


ABSTRACT Subjective well-being (SWB) is closely related to people's health especially in the post stages of migration. China completed the poverty alleviation relocation (PAR) of 9.6 million people from 2016 to 2020. In the post-migration stage, the changes appearing on the poverty alleviation migrants'(PAM) perception of the environment and the factors affecting their SWB are both worthy of attention, however, there are few current studies. Landsenses ecology is a science that focuses on the relationship between human perception and the environment. Therefore, based on this existing theoretical framework, this article evaluates the SWB of PAMs and establishes a residential environmental perception evaluation system for PAMs to evaluate their landsense level, then evaluates the environment of the resettlement community, using a hierarchical regression model to analyze the impact of PAMs' landsense level and community environment on their SWB. The results show that the score of PAMs' SWB is above the neutral level, but improvement is needed in the affection dimension. Also, there is still room to improve PAMs' landsense level especially in psychological perceptions. Also, we found psychological perceptions and interpretation of the physical setting at the individual level, and community environment at the community level all have a positive effect on SWB, but interaction effect between the community environment and the individual landsense is not verified. Based on this, this article puts forward policy recommendations for the improvement of PAMs' SWB, their landsense level, and landsense creation of communities, also for the sustainable development of cities and reference for global PAR.


There are multiple techniques to determine the chemical composition of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. While most of the methods are primarily sensitive to the average atomic mass, it is challenging to discriminate between the two lightest elements: proton and helium. In this paper, the proton-to-helium ratio in the energy range $10^{18.0} \mbox{eV}$ to $10^{19.3} \mbox{eV}$ is estimated using the tail of the distribution of the depth of the shower maximum $X_{\mathrm{max}}$. Using the exponential decay scale $\Lambda$ measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array experiment we derive the 68\%\,CL constraints on the proton-to-helium ratio $\mathrm{p}/\mathrm{He} > 7.3 $ and $\mathrm{p}/\mathrm{He} > 0.43 $ for $10^{18.0} < E < 10^{18.5}$ eV and $10^{18.3} < E < 10^{19.3}$ eV correspondingly. It is shown that the result is conservative with respect to the admixture of heavier elements. We evaluate the impact of the hadronic interaction model uncertainty. The implications for the astrophysical models of the origin of cosmic rays and the safety of the future colliders are discussed.


Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a popular tool in large scale optimization of machine learning objective functions. However, the performance is greatly variable, depending on the choice of the step sizes. In this paper, we introduce the exponential step sizes for stochastic optimization of smooth non-convex functions which satisfy the Polyak-Łojasiewicz (PL) condition. We show that, without any information on the level of noise over the stochastic gradients, these step sizes guarantee a convergence rate for the last iterate that automatically interpolates between a linear rate (in the noisy-free case) and a $O(\frac{1}{T})$ rate (in the noisy case), up to poly-logarithmic factors. Moreover, if without the PL condition, the exponential step sizes still guarantee optimal convergence to a critical point, up to logarithmic factors. We also validate our theoretical results with empirical experiments on real-world datasets with deep learning architectures.


A sinusoidal model is proposed to analyze the thermodynamic processes of gas parcels oscillating in a regenerator. The regenerator is considered equivalent to a bundle of capillary tubes with large thermal capacities. With perfect thermal contact between the gas and tube wall and the proper phase shift between velocity and pressure, the overall effect of a gas parcel oscillating in the capillary in one cycle is that it absorbs heat from one lengthwise part of the wall and delivers heat to the other part of the wall within its range of displacement. Each gas parcel working in the regenerator undergoes a thermodynamic cycle. When the work flow is in the same direction as the temperature gradient of the regenerator, it undergoes a heat engine cycle. Otherwise it undergoes a refrigeration cycle. The regenerator can work as a heat engine or as a refrigerator.


The study of electromechanical vibrating systems through the measurement of motional impedance was first undertaken by Kennelly and Pierce in 1912, in their work on telephone receivers. The method was applied by K.C. Black in 1928 to the study of ferromagnetic rods centrally clamped and lying along the axis of a coil carrying alternating current superposed upon direct current. The work of Mr Black was done on rods of nickel, stainless steel, and stoic metal (invar steel), and also on nickel tubes. The natural frequencies of the rods he studied lay between 2300 and 3000 cycles per second. The present paper describes similar measurements carried out on rods with natural frequencies near 30,000 cycles per second. The study was made on rods of nichrome, monel metal, stainless steel, stoic metal, and nickel. The dependence of the vibratory characteristics on rod diameter was determined by making measurements on a nickel rod, as its diameter was reduced in successive steps. The rod was annealed before each set of measurements, by heating to redness and cooling in air. Another nickel rod cut from the same bar was bored axially with concentric holes of successively larger diameter, and measurements made at each step. This was done in an endeavor to determine something about the flux distribution across the section of the vibrating rod. The effects of annealing, and of changing the number of turns on the alternating-current coil (in which the rod was supported), were investigated. The effect on the vibratory characteristics of varying the alternating magnetic field on the rod was also measured.


In light of the LHCb observations about the B s → D ( ∗ ) s (cid:2)ν (cid:2) semileptonic decays, we study these channels within the standard model framework of covariant confined quark model. The necessary transition form factors are computed in the entire dynamical range of momentum transfer squared with built-in infrared confinement. Our computed ratios of the decay widths from tau modetomuonmodefor D s and D ∗ s mesonsarefoundtobe R ( D s ) (cid:4) 0 . 271 ± 0 . 069and R ( D ∗ s ) (cid:4) 0 . 240 ± 0 . 038.Wefurtherdetermine the ratio of the decay width from D s and D ∗ s channel for muon mode (cid:4) ( B s → D s μ + ν μ ) /(cid:4) ( B s → D ∗ s μ + ν μ ) (cid:4) 0 . 451 ± 0 . 093. Our results are in excellent agreement with the data from the latest LHCb experiments as well as lattice quantum chromodynamics simulations. We also compare the shape of differential decay distribution for B s → D ∗ s μ + ν μ with the LHCb data, and our results are in very good agreement throughout all the individual bins. Some other physical observables such as forward-backward asymmetry and longitudinal polarizations of leptons in the final state are also computed


To the Editor: 4-Methylumbelliferone (MU) suppresses a hyaluronan (HA) synthase and inhibits HA synthesis in cultured human skin fibroblasts. In malignant melanoma, MU suppresses cell adhesion and locomotion, and inhibits liver metastasis in vivo. These findings indicate that MU inhibits tumor cell invasion, probably by modulating adhesion molecules. However, little is known about the involvement of these proteins in the effects of MU treatment. The cadherins are a family of transmembrane receptors that function in promoting calcium-dependent cell–cell adhesion. The main subtypes of classical cadherins are E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Loss of E-cadherin accompanied by expression of N-cadherin, i.e. the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), is thought to play a fundamental role during the steps of invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. In particular, N-cadherin plays an important role in tumor cell invasion. Here, we investigated the MU induced N-cadherin alteration of a HA producing lymphoma cell line, OHK, by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemical and immunoblotting analyses. The primers of real time PCR used were F:5′tgcacagatgtggacaggattg3′ and R:5′atcccggcgtttcatccata3′ (GenBank accession no. NM 001792). The antibodies against N-cadherin, clone 13A9 (Upstate, Lake Placid, NY, USA) and clone EPR1791-4 (Epitomics, Burlingame, CA, USA) were used for immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting, respectively. The invasion assay was performed using a cell invasion assay kit (Chemicon, Temecula, CA, USA). Statistical analyses of differences among values were performed with Student's t-test, and values of P < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Quiescent subconfluent cells were washed with phosphate-buffered saline and then incubated in the presence of 1 mM MU (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan) for 1,3,5,7 or 9 days. Untreated cells were examined as controls. Real time PCR analysis showed that N-cadherin expression was suppressed at days 7 and 9 of MU treatment (Fig. 1a). Immunohistochemically, N-cadherin was present on the cell membrane of control cells, including the cell–cell contact sites. Its expression was decreased and specifically localized at cell–cell contact sites at days 7 and 9 of MU treated cells (Fig. 1b). By immunoblotting analyses, N-cadherin was decreased after day 5 of MU treatment (Fig. 1c). The translation disturbance of N-cadherin may be present at day 5. Cells treated with MU exhibited reduced invasion by more than 70%, compared with the control cells at day 7 (P < 0.05, Fig. 2). 4-Methylumbelliferone suppresses HA synthesis, and inhibits the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. The mechanisms involved in the inhibition of metastasis are thought to be that: (i) HA-poor matrices reduce tumor cell migration and infrequently lead to metastasis; (ii) MU suppresses tumor cell adhesion and locomotion; and (iii) MU reduces matrix metalloproteinase-9 activation. In the present study, we found that MU decreases the N-cadherin. The Eto N-cadherin transition, which is seen in the EMT, has been implicated in the progression of malignant cells. In particular, N-cadherin is correlated with motility, invasiveness and poor prognosis in many kinds of cancers. The adhesion of tumor cells to stromal fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelial cells through N-cadherin homophilic interactions seems to induce cell invasion. Also in hematopoietic cells, the interactions could underlie tumor cell frequent invasion. N-cadherin reduction by MU may be involved in the suppression of tumor invasion through inhibiting the interaction between tumor cells and stromal cells. Although the mechanisms by which MU decreases N-cadherin are unclear, HA concentration may be associated with cadherin alteration as seen in the cutaneous spongiosis formation. N-cadherin has recently been considered as a potential therapeutic target in cancer, and a peptide N-cadherin antagonist, ADH-1, has been developed. In addition to the N-cadherin antagonist, MU may have potential as an anticancer drug by mediating a decrease in N-cadherin expression.


A unified approach to the efficient realization of FIR adaptive digital filters in both the time and frequency domains is presented. It is shown that previously published frequency domain implementations are contained within this unified approach. It is further shown that various combinations of implementations are possible, and that in working with data streams, care must be taken in using overlap-save and overlap-add sectioning procedures for proper frequency domain implementations.


Introduction:
 Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia but its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Alterations in metabolism may play a role. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET reflects glucose uptake in metabolically active tissue but studies evaluating the relationship between atrial FDG uptake and atrial fibrillation are limited.

 Hypothesis:
 We hypothesized that patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy who have had AF have increased atrial wall FDG uptake compared to patients without AF (no-AF).

 Methods:
 Atrial uptake was assessed visually and quantitatively on FDG-PET/CT images in 42 patients (24 AF, 18 no-AF). The maximum and mean FDG Standard Uptake Value (SUV) in the left atrium (LA), right atrium (RA) and mean blood pool activity were measured (see figure). The Tissue:Blood ratio (TBR) was calculated using the maximum atrial wall SUV (TBRmax) and mean SUV (TBRmean).

 Results:
 Median age was 72 years; (78% male). Mean LVEF was similar between AF vs. No-AF patients (24+/-10% vs. 26+/-11%, p=0.57). The RA was visualized in 88% of AF and 44% of no-AF patients (p=0.002). The LA was visualized in 88% of AF and 72% of no-AF patients (p=0.22). See table for TBR results. TBRmax and TBRmean were significantly increased in the RA wall of patients with AF vs. no-AF. There was a trend for increased FDG in the LA wall of AF patients.

 Conclusion:
 Among patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, significantly greater FDG uptake was noted in the RA of patients with AF vs. No-AF (with a trend for LA uptake). These findings suggest increased glucose metabolism in the atria in patients with AF. Further study is warranted to determine the clinical and biological significance of these findings.


It was found that introduction of WO/sub 3/ clusters on the SrTiO/sub 3/:Pr,Al,Ga phosphor surface via a colloid chemical route is effective for reducing the degradation of the SrTiO/sub 3/:Pr,Al,Ga phosphors by electron bombardment. The structural and cathodoluminescent (CL) characterizations demonstrated that the WO/sub 3/ coating on the phosphors served as protective layers retarding the surface-related degradation, which is critically important for the development of commercial vacuum fluorescent displays (VFDs).


The two volumes reviewed here deal with a special characteristic of Sanskrit didactic texts, viz. the incorporation of emboxed stories within the framework of main narratives, with a view to illustrating moralistic dicta or exemplifying ideal actions. For instance, in the Pancatantra, the well-known prototype of this genre of texts, a large number of tales have been emboxed within the "Five books" (Panca-tantra), which themselves merge into the main story. Here again, the prose narrative of the several tales forms a separate class from the bulk of the verses sandwiched therein. For, unlike the verses in individual poems and dramas of single authorship, the verses occurring in fazf/za-literature are adapted, to a considerable extent, from the floating mass of oral tradition of didactic poetry or taken from earlier sources such as the epics, the mrt-texts, and other similar works. Naturally, the kdvyaportions of kathd-liXetaiaxe deserve to be studied independently of the prose portions for the preparation of the critical edition of these texts. Sternbach has discussed the importance of this aspect of five major story-books in Sanskrit, viz. Pancatantra, Hitopadeia, Vikramacarita, iukasaptati, and Vetdlapancavimsatikd. The first three texts are dealt with in the two volumes under review and the last two are to be treated in a subsequent volume. The primary aim of Sternbach in these two volumes is to trace the sources primary, secondary, and otherwise of every "sententious stanza" occurring in the three texts dealt with here, in their main and subsidiary recensions and versions. To this purpose, the verses, 1097 from Pancatantra, 792 from the Hitopadeia, and 756 from the Vikramacarita, have been analysed in elaborate tables and their occurrence traced, as far as possible, to a host of early literature, including the vast Cdnakya-nTti verses, the epics and purdnas, Manu smrti and Kdmandakanltisdra, verses ascribed to Bhartrhari, and some early poems and dramas. The utility of the data in this respect made available through these tables in fixing the critical text of these verses and in preparing fresh critical editions of these story-clusters is immense. Besides tracing the verses to their sources, as noted above, Sternbach has supplied through another set of tables comparative analyses of the different recensions of the texts with reference to the occurrence, sequence, and transposition of the individual verses. These analyses, too, would be of great help in any fresh critical edition of the respective texts. The comprehensive Introductions prefixed to the volumes endeavour to give an idea of the proliferation of these texts on account of their popularity among the masses, giving rise to several recensions and versions, not only in India but in trans-Indian regions as well. Apart from all else, the analyses attempted in the volumes under review shed light on an interesting aspect of the ramification of didactic literature in ancient and medieval India. Whereas the frame stories remain different, identical emboxed stories often occur in more than one text. While the Hitopadeia is well known to be a rehash of the Pancatantra, it is instructive to note that several Pancatantra stories occur also in the Vikramacarita, as well as in the Sukasaptati and the Vetdlapancavimiatikd. The last-named text carries also some of the Vikrama stories. Suitably adapted anecdotes from the Mahabhdrata and the purdnas find their place in several story books. Sternbach's work in this field will therefore be highly useful in further studies relating to the evolution of Indian story-literature in general.


We rigorously derive the leading-order term in the asymptotic expansion of the scattering amplitude for a collection of a finite number of dielectric inhomogeneities of small diameter. The asymptotic formula derived in this paper provides the basis for the numerical reconstruction of dielectric scatterers of small diameter, as demonstrated by Volkov.


Attention is called to the fact that a count of the first-generation San Jose scales, Aspidiotus perniciosus Cornst., settling on the new wood furnishes a reliable index of the effect of the dormant treatment and also a check on the accuracy of the count of dead and living scales. A very pronounced negative correlation is shown between the per cent of dead scales and the average number of young scales per inch of new wood. This correlation is considered to indicate that in the experiments reported, the counts made 30 days after the application of the dormant spray gave reliable results.


The exposure to the space radiation environment remains a major limiting factor for human long-duration space missions due to its high biological effectiveness and the difficulties to effectively shield the radiation. The next decade in human spaceflight will be characterized by a continuous presence of human beings in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), by their return to the Moon and by longer stays in a Moon orbit on the Lunar Orbital Platform - Gateway (LOP-G). These endeavours are also performed to prepare for a human Mars mission.


The Point of Single Contact, proposed by the EUServices Directive, is a reliable source of electronic processing of information that facilitates the interaction of citizens with the public administration. This paper presents an eFramework designed to improve the communication between the citizens or businesses and the public administration. Using this framework the governments can offer eServices to its citizens, as well as the possibility to interact with various public govern level services, without the need to directly interact with the involved institutions. An example of such an electronic service would be the possibility to open a business using a single browser. We present the architecture as well as technical details for the implementation of such a framework. We also present a pilot application designed to orchestrate the workflow for opening a business. Such a solution is based on state-of-the-art technologies such as Info Path, Share Point, BizTalk, and Web Services.


This secondary analysis of the VA Augmentation and Switching Treatments for Depression study compared the continuation phase treatment outcomes of three commonly used second‐step treatment strategies following at least one prior failed medication treatment attempt.


Of the classic antebellum authors who lived to write about the Civil War, none was so artistically disabled by it as Nathaniel Hawthorne. Turning from his biting satire Chiefly About War-Matters to compose a new romance, he struggled with it until he died, no longer capable of beautifying and idealizing our rude, material life.


Overall activity at the Advanced Photon Research Center is reviewed, with emphasis on x-ray laser program. A 15-TW Nd:glass CPA laser has been developed for x-ray laser experiments. In the preliminary experiments on the transient collisional excitation x-ray laser, a gain of 14 cm 4 has been obtained at 11.9 nm with the Ni-like Sn ions by a short (1-ps) prepulse irradiation. Approaches toward improving x-ray laser coherence by high-harmonics amplification and extending to shorter wavelengths by using thin foil targets are described.


Aluminum-free laser diodes are InGaAsP/GaAs devices whose epitaxial layers do not contain aluminum. Studies comparing the GaAslAs/GaAs and InGaAsP/GaAs high power laser diodes allegedly indicate that aluminum-free lasers are more reliable due to a reduction of dark-line defects, sudden failures, and gradual degradation. The improved reliability of aluminum-free lasers is presumed to result from the elimination of oxidation of the aluminum-containing epitaxial layers of the laser facets. In this presentation, the performance and reliability of GaAlAs/GaAs and InGaAsP/GaAs high power laser diodes will be reviewed and compared. The present data shows that high reliable GaAlAs/GaAs lasers can be produced with good manufacturing practices.


Moving away from metaphors of control, transparency, and the filling of explanatory gaps, I endorse
Rowan Williams' suggestion that natural theology should be reframed as set of practices whereby we
'run out of things to say in the discourse we started with', but 'recognize that this running-out is not
simply an ending'. In this spirit, I engage with the philosophical work of Thomas Nagel and Derek
Parfit. I bring to light ways in which some 'secular' philosophy leans into a conceptual space, about
which the theologian can say, paraphrasing Aquinas when engaging with Aristotle, 'and that we call
God'. The article explores this claim by engaging with a range of philosophical positions: absurdism,
humanism, religious naturalism, and with both naturalistic and non-naturalistic accounts of
normativity.


PHP Objects, Patterns, and Practice. Matt Zandstra, Apress, 2007, $44.99,. ISBN: 1590599098. This is yet another book on PHP, but reading it will bring a number of pleasant surprises for many readers.


Specific language impairment (SLI) occurs when children present language maturation, at least 12 months behind their chronological age in the absence of sensory or intellectual deficits, pervasive developmental disorders, evident cerebral damage, and adequate social and emotional conditions. Internalizing behavior is actions that are taken out toward the self. The symptoms of internalizing behavior problems are depression, anxiety, somatic complaints and withdrawal.

 This study aimed to investigate the presence of internalizing behavioral problems among SLI and their frequencies if present.

 We assessed SLI by PLS-4 and assessed internalizing behavioral problems with CBCL 1 1/5-5. Fifty children with SLI with an age range of (4-5 years old), divided into 2 subgroups according to the type of SLI, are compared to fifty children with normal language development with the same age and gender regarding internalizing behavioral problems.

 SLI group had more internalizing behavioral problems than control group and there is significant association between behavioral problems and the severity of language deficits.

 the most frequently behavioral problem found in preschool (SLI) children were withdrawn and anxiety, which need therapeutic interventions to remediate them.


In this thesis, we study several features of Hawking radiation in the presence of ultraviolet Lorentz violations. These violations are implemented by a modified dispersion relation that becomes nonlinear at short wavelengths. The motivations of this work arise on the one hand from the developing field of analog gravity, where we aim at measuring the Hawking effect in fluid flows that mimic black hole space-times, and on the other hand from the possibility that quantum gravity effects might be approximately modeled by a modified dispersion relation. We develop several studies on various aspects of the prob- lem. First we obtain precise characterizations about the deviations from the Hawking result of black hole radiation, which are induced by dispersion. Second, we study the emergence, both in white hole flows or for massive fields, of a macroscopic standing wave, spontaneously produced from the Hawking effect, and known as 'undulation'. Third, we describe in detail an instability named black hole laser, which arises in the presence of two horizons, where Hawking radiation is self-amplified and induces an exponentially growing in time emitted flux.


Due to the risk of insertional mutagenesis, viral transduction has been increasingly replaced by non-viral methods to generate iPSCs. One technique that has not yet been explored enough is the use of "minicircle" DNA. The pMC.LGNSO plasmid is known as the parental DNA structure and is utilized to generate minicircle vectors which are episomal DNA vectors that are created as circular expression cassettes without any backbone of bacterial plasmid DNA. Their smaller molecular size gives them this ability to have more efficient transfections alongside sustained expression last for weeks in comparison to standard plasmid vectors which extremely work only for a week. Minicircle DNA also benefits from higher transfection efficiencies and longer ectopic expression. The Transfection efficiency of the minicircle vectors can be monitor during the plasmid transfections by EGFP expression under a fluorescence microscope. This minicircle-based induction of pluripotency method is beneficial for obtaining transgene-free hiPSCs from human donors which are clinically applicable cell sources. Such techniques have the characteristic of developing patient or disease-specific cell lines to develop further translational and disease modeling researches. Here, we report the use of a single minicircle vector to generate transgene-free iPS cells from adult human mesenchymal stem cells. 50,000 cells/well was considered as the best amount of seeded cells to achieve the highest amount of transfection. Moreover, the results highlighted the utilization of antibiotics to avoid cell contamination. This experience also demonstrated that the 1:2 (3μg DNA/6 μL LTX) ratio and 150 μl of DNA/LTX complex in presence of medium at the transfection time will produce the highest level of genes expression. The human MSCs were transfected twice using minicircle DNA/Lipofectamine LTX complex. The GFP-positive cells were observed by florescent microscopy 24 h posttransfection. Human ESC-like colonies with a tightly packed, domelike structure began to appear 7 to 10 days after second transfection. The pluripotency of the derived iPSC lines was verified by qRT-PCR and immunochemical staining (ICC) techniques to possess pluripotent markers and cause embryoid body (EB) differentiation. Based on the results of RT-PCR, the expression of three embryonic germ layers markers showed that the EBs are successfully differentiated. Thus the iPSCs were shown to possess of the pluripotency of ESC thus has potential for use in cell-based treatment in human medicine. The developed method of iPSC producing in this study is measured as a fast and inexpensive technique, which benefits from using a non-viral vector to develop human iPSCs safely. This method also utilizes feeder-free cell culture technique to remove concerns of possible contaminations that could occur in the process of utilizing of mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder layers. This method can have a huge effect on making use of MSCs which are easily obtainable from clinical wastes discarded after child delivery.


Teledentistry is a blend of communication and dentistry which associates the exchange of information of health, images and treatment outlines in remote areas Teledentistry has the capability to advance the approach to oral care by delivering oral health care at a reasonable cost in areas where there is reduced access to dental clinics This is an alternative and innovative method of delivering oral health care The aim of the study is to evaluate the awareness of teledentistry among undergraduate dental students A cross sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 100 undergraduate dental students The questionnaire was circulated through google forms The results were tabulated and appropriate statistics was done using SPSS software The questions were separated based on knowledge, attitude and practice From the results we can conclude 51% are aware of teledentistry;and most of them were introduced to it through workshops in college 42% know the definition of teledentistry Students also responded that teledentistry is most useful in the field of 5orthodontics and oral and maxillofacial surgery 81% of the respondents affirm that teledentistry is a good tool to be used during lockdown Within the limitations of the study, we can conclude that there is a need to increase awareness about the teledentistry among undergraduate students In the present scenario of Covid 19 pandemic the use of teledentistry can be exploited as the access to dental clinics has decreased Hence students should be made more aware of teledentistry as it is the need of the hour


The purpose of this study was to carry out an investigation on the role of supply chain practices on customer satisfaction in the printing industry. Studies by previous researchers have indicated that printing industry faces the challenges of uncertainty associated with sourcing for raw materials from oversees and failure to embrace modern technology which adversely affected the ability to satisfy customers. The target population was printing firms in Kenya, using Morven Kester East Africa Limited Kenya as a case study. The study used the simple random sampling technique will be used to select the sample size. There were 80 employees involved directly and indirectly in the supply chain process in this firm. The sample was 30% of the employees and this will result to a sample size of 24 employees. The study used questionnaires to gather data. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data which was presented in the form of frequencies, tables and percentages. The results of the study indicated that benchmarking as a supply chain best practice played a pivotal role in customer satisfaction. The company was practicing benchmarking but its potential was not harnessed fully. The study concluded that there is an urgent need for organizations to adopt pro-active approach towards customer satisfaction by adopting practices that provide real-time and accurate response to customer satisfaction.


Objective:To deplore the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection and stomach neoplasm.Methods:65 cases of living stomach mucosas were detected by the combination of rapid urease test,histology and molecular biology tests.Results:The detection rate of Hp infection in stomach neoplasm was significantly higher than the normal controls,and Hp infection had not associated with age and sex of the patients.Conclusion: Hp infection may play a role in generation of stomach neoplasm.


: A new coded aperture thermal neutron imager system is being developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The camera utilizes a position-sensitive 3 He-filled ionization chamber, in which an anode plane is composed of an array of pads with independent acquisition channels. The charge is collected on each of the individual 5x5 mm 2 anode pads, (48x48 in total, corresponding to 24x24 cm 2 sensitive area) and read out by application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). The new design has several advantages for coded-aperture imaging applications in the field, compared to the previous generation of wire-grid based neutron detectors. Among these are its rugged design, lighter weight and use of non-flammable stopping gas. The pad-based readout occurs in parallel circuits, making it capable of high count rates, and also suitable to perform data analysis and imaging on an event-by-event basis. The spatial resolution of the detector can be better than the pixel size by using a charge sharing algorithm. In this paper we will report on the development and performance of the new pad-based neutron camera and describe a simulation software tool developed to model the


In this paper, on the influence of different dressing methods, such as elliptical ultrasonic vibration, on the grinding wheel bonded delta, the morphology of abrasive grains of wheel, the protrusion height and the grinding wheel topography was studied by experiment. The experiment shows that the abrasive grains of grinding wheel surface dressed by elliptical ultrasonic vibration are great in protrusion height and trench depth, and the bonded delta grain after grinding is narrow, short, and irregular with significant reduced semi-surrounded area compared with by ordinary dressing method. The abrasive grains of metal-bonded diamond grinding wheel surface dressed by elliptical ultrasonic vibration are basically intact, and due to the high-speed collision between abrasive grains, local micro-break is easy to occur on the abrasive grains to form multiple micro-cutting edges. The abrasive grains of grinding wheel surface dressed by ordinary dressing method are fractured and broken, while that of resin-bonded grinding wheel surface have a high ratio to be loose and shedding. For the metal or resin-bonded grinding wheel surface dressed by elliptical ultrasonic vibration, its material removal mechanism may primarily be the removal of bonding ductility and the fine-crushing of abrasive grains; for the metal-bonded grinding wheel surface dressed by ordinary method, its material removal mechanism may primarily be the fracture and break of abrasive grains, secondly be the fracture of bonding agent; and for the resin-bonded grinding wheel surface, its material removal mechanism may mainly be the looseness and shedding of abrasive grains caused by the fracture of bonding agent, secondly be the fracture of abrasive grains. Compared with ordinary dressing method, elliptical ultrasonic vibration dressed abrasive grains are dense at shaft and sparse in periphery, with a large quantity of static effective abrasive grains, great protrusion height and an excellent nature of contour.


The invention discloses a method for improving annular stalk growing rate of oriental lily test tube bulbs, which belongs to the technical field of plant tissue culture and rapid propagation. The method comprises the steps of preparation of a culture medium, treatment and sterilization of a seed source, induced culture of bulb buds, propagation culture of the bulb buds, expanded culture of test tube bulbs, refrigeration of the test tube bulbs, field planting and cultivation management of the test tube bulbs and the like. The test tube bulbs bred by the method have rapid seedling emergence and vigorous growth, the diameter of the test tube bulbs is 0.8 to 1.2 centimeters, the root system is 10 to 20 roots/grain, the fresh weight is 0.8 to 1.2 grams/grain, the field planting survival rate reaches over 95 percent, and the annular stalk growing rate is improved to over 60 percent from the conventional below 5 percent, so the growth and expansion speeds of the bulbs are increased and the period of breeding qualified seed bulbs is shortened by 1 to 2 years. The method can be popularized and applied in oriental lily seed bulb production enterprises.


In February 1957 Lloyd Rudolph and I set forth into the "heat and dust" villages of Thanjavur district, South India, with 10 Indian graduate students from Madras Christian College. Our objective was to conduct a survey on political consciousness. Six hundred urban and rural Tamils scattered across three districts constituted the random sample we had selected from the first electoral rolls of recently freed India. V. O. Key, that witty and groundbreaking doyen of electoral behavior analysis, had enticed us into survey research. Upon our return, the Michigan Survey Research Center provided a methodologically intense summer.Susanne Rudolph is the William Benton Distinguished Service Professor Emerita of Political Science at the University of Chicago and past president of the American Political Science Association (email@example.com). She studies comparative politics with special interest in the political economy and political sociology of South Asia, state formation, Max Weber, and the politics of category and culture. An earlier version of this address was presented at the annual meeting of the association on September 2, 2004.


In this paper, we propose the network traffic mitigation method using TCP signalling delay algorithm. By using proposed method, the TCP signalling response time is adjusted according to network traffic load status. Through the queuing analysis, we verify that the network traffic load can be mitigated.


When, in 1879, W. S. Gilbert had his Pirate King of Penzance advise the unhappy hero, "Frederic, if you conscientiously feel that it is your duty to destroy us, we cannot blame you for acting on that conviction. Always act in accordance with the dictates of your conscience, my boy, and chance the consequences," the Pirate Apprentice who expected soon to be out of his indentures found himself in a world as generally obsessed with the sense of duty as he was himself. It is true that only with considerable difficulty did he find "one maiden breast" which felt the moral beauty "Of making worldly interest/Subordinate to sense of duty," but the Pirate King had plenty of other support for his conscientious philosophy. Not only was he joined by the somewhat weathered Ruth, but even the Sergeant of Police, remembering his own obligations when constabulary duty's to be done, forgave Frederic his tergiversation when reminded that the undependable young man, however queerly he behaved, had always been actuated by his sense of duty. And even Mabel, faced with the loss of her lover, announced proudly to the police force, "Dearly as I loved him before, his heroic sacrifice to his sense of duty has endeared him to me tenfold. He has done his duty. I will do mine. Go ye and do yours." Nevertheless, poor Frederic remained the victim rather than the master of his convictions; he suffered ceaseless spiritual tortures under the admonitions of the Stern Daughter of the Voice of God, and at one critical point exclaimed: Oh joy unbounded ! Oh sweet relief ! oh rapture unexampled ! At last I may atone, in some slight measure, For the repeated acts of theft and pillage Of which, at a sense of duty's stern dictation, I, circumstances' victim, have been guilty.


Rest periods during the coffee drying process may help improve the final coffee quality and reduce power consumption. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the moisture content of coffee fruit at the point when the drying process is temporarily interrupted on the quality of natural coffee using sensory analysis and electrical conductivity and potassium leaching tests. Ripe coffee fruits were manually and selectively harvested, sun-dried in a concrete yard for two days and subjected to mechanical drying in fixed-bed dryers. When the coffee reached moisture contents of 20%, 17% and 14% (wet basis, wb), the drying process was interrupted, and the coffee was allowed to remain at rest for 5, 15 or 30 days. Following this rest period, the coffee was dried in mechanical dryers until reaching a moisture content of 11% (wb). The control condition was complete drying in the yard. The combination of lowest moisture content with greatest period of rest and the combination of greatest moisture content and shortest period of rest resulted in the lowest values of potassium leaching. The beverage quality gradually improved as the duration of the rest period increased. Coffee subjected to a rest period at moisture contents of 17% and 20% (wb) did not alter the quality compared to that from drying in the yard.


The military display market is analyzed in terms of one of its segments: helicopter displays. Parameters requiring special consideration, to include luminance ranges, contrast ratio, viewing angles, and chromaticity coordinates, are examined. Performance requirements for rotary-wing displays relative to several premier applications are summarized. Display sizes having aggregate defense applications of 5,000 units or greater and having DoD applications across 10 or more platforms, are tabulated. The issue of size commonality is addressed where distribution of active area sizes across helicopter platforms, individually, in groups of two through nine, and ten or greater, is illustrated. Rotary-wing displays are also analyzed by technology, where total quantities of such displays are broken out into CRT, LCD, AMLCD, EM, LED, Incandescent, Plasma and TFEL percentages. Custom, versus Rugged commercial, versus commercial off-the-shelf designs are contrasted. High and low information content designs are identified. Displays for several high-profile military helicopter programs are discussed, to include both technical specifications and program history. The military display market study is summarized with breakouts for the helicopter market segment. Our defense-wide study as of March 2004 has documented 1,015,494 direct view and virtual image displays distributed across 1,181 display sizes and 503 weapon systems. Helicopter displays account for 67,472 displays (just 6.6% of DoD total) and comprise 83 sizes (7.0% of total DoD) in 76 platforms (15.1% of total DoD). Some 47.6% of these rotary-wing applications involve low information content displays comprising just a few characters in one color; however, as per fixed-wing aircraft, the predominant instantiation involves higher information content units capable of showing changeable graphics, color and video.


We have recently found that fumarate, a TCA cycle metabolite, is increased in early type 1 diabetes and may play a key pathogenic role in enhancing matrix accumulation and stimulation of Hif1α, key features of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Administration of a single IP injection of fumarate to non‐diabetic BL6 mice induced TGF‐β, SMAD3 and fibronectin in mice kidney cortex as compared with PBS‐injected control. Fumarate exposure to HEK293 cells led to an increase in HIF1α and TGF‐β expression, along with stimulation of collagen I, fibronectin, and α‐SMA. The role of fumarate was further explored in a zebrafish model of acute hyperglycemia. We found that 2% and 3% high glucose exposure for 24–48h decreased superoxide production in the pronephros of larval zebrafish, as measured by OX‐DHE fluorescence. A 2–3% glucose treatment also leads to a significant reduction in the expression of a zebrafish ortholog of the fumarate hydratase gene (fh) and protein. Exposure of zebrafish to 7.5–10 uM fumarate for 24h led to reduction of superoxide production and an increase in Hif1α and Collagen1a1a expression in zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, similar to what we previously observed in diabetic mice, fumarate enhances matrix stimulation and reduces superoxide production, possibly, via Hif1α activation in zebrafish. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that fumarate regulation has an important role in the development of DKD and may constitute a therapeutic target for the management of DKD.


Based on the characteristics of the decoration engineering construction of DX business hall's curtain wall,the construction layout,construction schedule,key construction technology,key points and difficulties are analyzed and solutions are put forward.


Stroke remains a leading cause of morbidity and is the second leading cause of death globally1 despite advances in treatment and prevention over the past decade. In this issue of Neurology®, Kelly et al.2 use administrative data on acute stroke hospitalizations among adults aged 18 years or older in Germany between 2014 and 2019 to describe updated trends in stroke admissions, treatment modalities, and mortality nationally. Using population-level data from the Federal Statistics Office in Germany, study authors calculated frequencies of hospitalizations for acute stroke over a 6-year period. Study authors then evaluated demographic and clinical characteristics of stroke cases and evaluated trends in the utilization of interventions such as carotid stenting, systemic thrombolysis, and thrombectomy. They also calculated proportions of stroke cases in which in-hospital death occurred, followed by logistic regression models to investigate predictors of in-hospital mortality.