Abstract This research is motivated by the large number of unemployed in the Kerinci districtin 2010 as many as 5847 people unemployed, in 2011 as many as 6720 people unemployed, in 2012 as many as 6804 people unemployed andin 2013 as many as 7014 people unemployed. The causes of unemployment in Kerinci as little public revenue so low willingness of people towork, limitedemployment opportunities, lowlevels of public educationso that low socioeconomic communities become. This research aims: 1) To describe the influence of tourism onjob creationinKerinci district. 2) Toillustratethe influence of tourism on the community income Kerinci regency. 3) To illustrate the effect of tourism development on the level ofpublic education Kerinci regency. This type of researchis descriptive. Instruments used are observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The results ofthis study indicate that the development of tourism can not contribute in reducing the number of unemployed in Kerinci district. Keywords : Effect of Tourism Development Against Unemployment


Thermoplastics have started to gain acceptance in some of the more challenging areas of advanced packaging, including MEMS, where lower cost, cavity style packages are required. Thermoplastics, like LCP, PPS and PEEK, can withstand exposure to over 300 o C thus assuring lead-free solder capability. Many polymers offer superior moisture resistance, can be formed into micro-precision packages in just seconds, and are easily recycled. Epoxies, the non-hermetic package standard for more than 50 years, can't be remelted for reuse, have unremarkable moisture properties, and typically contain elements, like bromine, that put them on the environmental target list. Some halogen compounds have already been banned. Fortunately, several modern high-performance halogen-free thermoplastics are inherently flame retardant and these nontoxic materials have an excellent record of use in telecommunications, medical, and automotive fields. This paper will describe advances in thermoplastic packaging produced by injection molding (IM), including designs for MEMS, MOEMS, power chips, high-intensity LEDS, and photonics. The processes include shaping, formation of conductors, and enclosure by laser or dispensed adhesives for lid sealing. The newest concepts, such as the 3D stackable package, will also be discussed in terms of thermoplastics.


There are two thinking ways of cognitive and feeling that are end to end in judicial process,which exercise different functions in the mechanism of formation judicial result.Furthermore,the former converts inevitably to the latter during judgment.But a judge had to rationality this kind of conversion of the procedures,principles and results,otherwise is liable to suffer this denounce of unbridled judgment.


Deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) attracts a lot of interest due to its sensitivity to generalized parton distributions (GPDs) which provide a rich access to the partonic structure of hadrons. However, the practical extraction of GPDs for this channel requires a deconvolution procedure, whose feasibility has been disputed. We provide a practical approach to this problem based on a next-to-leading order analysis and a careful study of evolution effects, by exhibiting shadow GPDs with arbitrarily small imprints on DVCS observables at current and future experimental facilities. This shows that DVCS alone will not allow for a model independent extraction of GPDs and a multi-channel analysis is required for this purpose.


December 1973 saw the hundredth anniversary of the birth of the outstanding Yugoslav mathematician Josip Plemelj. He was a student at the University of Vienna and later studied under Hubert and Klein in Gottingen. He found important results in the theory of analytic functions, differential and integral equations, potential theory, in algebra and in the theory of numbers. His comparatively few publications (4 books and 30 articles and notes) are distinguished for their originality and clarity of exposition. One of their characteristic features was his broad application of the theory of groups and matrices and of integral equations to the solution of suitable problems. His long life (of almost 94 years) was dedicated to science, to his work as a professor and scientific administrator, chiefly in the University of Lyublyana (1919—57), whose Rector he was for some time. Plemelj was born on 11 December 1873 in the village of Grad (Slovakia) on Lake Bled, into the family of a joiner. His father died when he was two years old, and his mother was left with five children. Despite the family's difficult material position, Plemelj was able to go on from elementary school to the Gymnasium in Lyublyana from 1886—94. He mastered the grammar school mathematics syllabus in four years, and in the higher classes at school he gave coaching in this subject to his classmates. He spent the next four years (1894-98) as a student in the Philosophical Faculty at the University of Vienna. At first he intended to specialize in astronomy, but then his interest moved over to mathematics under the influence of Professor Gustav Escherich. In his doctoral dissertation: "On linear homogeneous differential equations with single-valued periodic coefficients" he obtained results analogous to those of Picard and Flock by original and far simpler methods. After graduation Plemelj completed his education in Berlin and then in Gottingen (1899-1902), where he attended the lectures of Klein and


The proximate analysis of twelve common food Supplements: Soya bean (Glycine max,) millet (pennisetum typhoides),Maize ( Zea mays), Crayfish, African locust beans(parkia biglobosa) ,Benni seed(Sesamum indicum),Sorghum(Sorghum bicolour) Moringa Oleifera seeds and Leaves, Rice(brown)(Oryza Sativa L.), Garlic (Allium sativum) and Ginger (Zingeber officinale)The results obtained shows that the moisture content is highest in Ginger(wet) 74.72%,followed by Garlic(wet) 68.09% and the least obtained is in Rice(brown) 1.51%.The percentage yield on the Crude lipid of Moringa Oleifera Seed is high significantly 42.01% while Soya beans contain 20.47% and the least yield is in Rice(Brown) 1.97%.The results also show that the protein content of Crayfish is highest 67.05% while Maize contains the least content by 7.05%.The carbohydrate content is highest in Rice(Brown) 78.09% while Crayfish has the lowest carbohydrate content of 1.93%


The effects of the contents of amide compound-N,N′-diphenyl-succinamide(DPS) and the crystallization temperatures on the contents of the β crystal in isotactic polypropylene had been studied in this paper.DPS was found as a highly effective β nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene by wide angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD) and polarized light microscopy(PLM) measurements.The content of β crystal increased with the increasing content of DPS.Isothermal crystallization measurement also indicated that when 0.2% DPS is added and the crystallization temperature is set at 120 ℃,the content of β crystal achieves the maximum and K-value is 89.06%.


Xylanase is an industrially important enzyme which degrades xylan randomly and produces xylo-oligosac- charides, xylobiose and xylose. It has a role in bio-bleaching of paper pulp, increasing pulp brightness, addi- tive in animal feedstock to improve its nutritional value and can be used for ethanol production. A new isolate E8 was isolated from degraded saw dust on potato dextrose agar plates at pH 5.2 at 30°C. This isolate was identified by using 16s rDNA amplification and sequencing and subsequent analysis using BLAST as Bacillus atrophaeus E8. The 16S rDNA gene sequence Bacillus atrophaeus E8 was deposited in GenBank with the accession number JX658789. Free xylanase showed optimum activity at pH 5.0 and 35°C temperature. Immobilized xylanase showed higher pH (6.0) and temperature (55°C) stability then free enzyme. Immobilized enzyme can be reused 2-3 times under assay conditions.


A phosphine-catalyzed enantioselective [4 + 1] annulation between allenic ketones and oxindoles has been developed. This annulation reaction makes use of allenic ketones as dielectrophilic C4 synthons and oxindoles as nucleophilic C1 reaction partners. A range of 3-spirocyclopentene-2-oxindoles with quaternary stereogenic centers were prepared in high yields and with excellent enantioselectivities. Synthetic elaborations of the [4 + 1] annulation product led to a facile total synthesis of (+)-debromoflustramine B.


Since "Viral crises" was written, two events have happened that merit an update. First, the paper was written when the European sovereign debt crisis was in its early stages. In the paper, I described how the debt crisis did not need to spread like a virus, provided policymakers dealt decisively with the issues. Also, because the problem originated in the public sector (that is, Greece's finances) the fallout could have been limited to the banks in Europe if policymakers would have acted quickly to support the banks. Unfortunately, the European policymakers' delay has caused the crisis to spread.


Atmospheric models based on surface measurements of pressure, temperature, and relative humidity have been used to increase the laser ranging accuracy by ray tracing. Atmospheric refraction can cause significant errors in laser ranging systems. Through the present research, the atmospheric effects on the laser beam were investigated by using the principles of laser ranging. Atmospheric correction was calculated for 0.532, 1.3, and 10.6 micron wavelengths through the weather conditions of Tehran, Isfahan, and Bushehr in Iran since March 2012 to March 2013. Through the present research the atmospheric correction was computed for meteorological data in base of monthly mean. Of course, the meteorological data were received from meteorological stations in Tehran, Isfahan, and Bushehr. Atmospheric correction was calculated for 11, 100, and 200 kilometers laser beam propagations under 30°, 60°, and 90° rising angles for each propagation. The results of the study showed that in the same months and beam emission angles, the atmospheric correction was most accurate for 10.6 micron wavelength. The laser ranging error was decreased by increasing the laser emission angle. The atmospheric correction with two Marini-Murray and Mendes-Pavlis models for 0.532 nm was compared.


We studied the structure of calls emitted by the echolocating fruit bat Rousettus leschenaulti (Megachiroptera: Pteropodidae) while flying inside a free-flight room. The echolocation sounds consists of both single as well as double clicks, with single clicks emitted either in the beginning or at the end of click sequences. The duration of clicks was brief, about 1.6 ms and most of the acoustic energy is between 18 to 32 kHz. The use of simple, brief impulsive clicks and the reduction of interpulse interval and duration, when approaching the sides of the walls suggest that they have a good capability of obstacle avoidance as similar to microchiropteran bats. Furthermore, the production of both single as well as double clicks like cave swiftlets in orientation flights has an implication for the evolution of echolocation in bats.


There is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary interest in the application of location models to real life problems. Unfortunately, the current methods used to solve the most popular minisum and minimax location problems are computationally inadequate. A more unified and numerically stable approach for solving these problems is proposed. Detailed analysis is done for the linearly constrained Euclidean distance minisum problem for facilities located in a plane. Preliminary computational experience suggests that this approach compares favourably with other methods.


This paper aims to propose the use of three-parameter Weibull in distributing the ocean current
speed data and compare it with two-parameter Weibull and Rayleigh distributions. The Rayleigh and both
Weibull distributions were applied to match with the obtained data. The distribution parameters are determined
using Maximum Likelihood Estimation. The coefficient of determination and the Root mean square error is used
to analyze the performance of three distribution models by compared with the obtained data distribution. It is
found that both two- and three-parameter Weibull distributions are better fits than the Rayleigh distribution for
ocean current speed in Malaysia.


Periostitis has been associated with a variety of diseases, and can occur alone or with clubbing and arthritis. Acute periostitis is due to infection, and is characterized by diffuse suppuration, severe pain, and constitutional symptoms.

An 18-year-old man was referred for evaluation of recent and sharp pain in both inner thighs. Four months previously, he had undergone proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis …


In this article Andy Margerison explores the difficulties facing special educational needs coordinators and classroom teachers in designing and delivering effective and accurate individual education plans within existing financial resources through the Code of Practice and suggests that, given appropriate training, classroom assistants could have a greatly enhanced role to play in the process.


In this paper, Omni-directional LED bulb satisfying Energy Star's Light Distribution Standard has been studied by optimal optical system design. The LightTools S/W was used for the optical design. The prototype of bulb was manufactured according to the optimized design and evaluated its optical properties.The COB (Chip on board) type LED package was used as light source. Firstly, the shape of bulb covers based on the spherical, elliptical and cylindrical shape were analyzed by simulating light distribution. The optimal shape of the bulb cover suitable for the light distribution standard was tested and determined by adjusting the height and curvature of each shape. Secondly, three kinds of bulb cover materials with 90%, 66%, and 52% of transmittance were prepared and measured for each scattering distribution characteristics, respectively. Thirdly, the measured scattering distribution data of each cover material was applied to the optimal bulb cover shape, the light distribution simulation of Omni-directional lamp was executed, and then the results were compared to the Energy Star light distribution standard. It was found that the optimal bulb cover shape with a high concentration of diffusing agent of 52% of transmittance satisfied the requirement of Energy Star standard. aBased on the simulation and analysis results, a prototype of Omni-directional LED bulb with the optimal shape and the cover material of 52% of transmittance was manufactured and measured the optical uniformity and back light distribution. Finally it was proved that the prototype satisfied the requirement of Energy Star light distribution standard.


Although the existence of failed students in college education has been long a major public concern, a few descriptive arguments have been done in previous publications. This paper is concerned with my personal view towards such students who are not interested in or can not dedicate themselves to studying not only mechanical design but also mechanical engineering. In this article, I express my view that the educational behavior of faculty members is the most important index in the discussion on such students and the behavioral discussion is more important than a quantitative description regarding how many students are poorly performed. To generate public interest and discussion, this article describes a real case study related to Mechanical Engineering Department at Science University of Tokyo. This case study provides my educational view that the number of failed students depends upon both professors' educational levels developed by their efforts and how to evaluate precisely students' achievements based upon such levels. Author's mark books can be considered as other evidences for supporting my view expressed in the case study. Final comments on this educational issue are discussed at the last section of this article.


1. An account on the cercariae found in Melanopsis praemorsa common in the River Yarkon (Israel) is given. 2. A new species of Cercaria of the Pleurolophocerca group, Cercaria orospinosa, is described. 3. The development of C. orospinosa to the stage of metacercaria in the tadpole of Bufo viridis shows its affinity to the subfamily Cryptogoniminae (Hetero-phydae). 4. An artificial genus Velocercaria is proposed to comprise cercariae which have common morphology with Cercaria orospinosa and are characterized by the same type of tail-fins.


A scientist at the Brookhaven National Laboratory stunned his audience a few months ago with an unexpected appeal for greater activism in protecting valuable scientific facilities. Julius Hastings, a physical chemist, was speaking at a memorial service for Richard Dodson, who had been chairman of Brookhaven's chemistry department from 1947 to 1968, and who died in autumn last year. Dodson had helped to guide Hastings into a career investigating the magnetic properties of materials at the lab's Graphite Research Reactor. Hastings went on to participate in the design of Brookhaven's High Flux Beam Reactor (HFBR) – one of the principal neutron sources in the world – and worked there for almost three decades.


A questionnaire was developed to evaluate driver-vehicle factors in the pre-crash phase. Driver, vehicle, and environmental faults were identified, and the information needed to avoid the crash was determined. Twenty Multi-Disciplinary Accident cases were evaluated by 14 raters and the information needed by drivers to have aided them in avoiding the crash were categorized as: (1) warning of impending vehicle failure, (2) training in vehicle-handling, (3) driver education of accident predisposing situations, (4) knowledge of the distance and relative speed with respect to other vehicles or objects, and (5) road signing and hazard marking. Appropriate c:ountermeasures can be taken to reduce vehicle accidents based on these information needs. High rater response consistency and discrimination among the characteristics of the cases was obtained. Raters were able to use the questionnaire reliably with little training.


Eight species of Sargassum'. S. baccularia (Mertens) C. Agardh, S. cinctum J. Agardh, S. crassifolium J. Agardh, S. ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh, S.notarisn Zanardini, S. oligocystum Montagne, S.paniculatum J. Agardh, and S. siliquosum J. Agardh are reported from Balibago, Calatagan, Philippines. Growth and changes in the morphology of the two most common species, S. paniculatum and S. siliquosum, were noted throughout their different growth phases over 11/2 years. Collections of material representing growth stages of the other species were made at periodic intervals. The more consistent morphological characters for each species were recognized and their Utility in taxonomic work was discussed. These characters include outline and length/width ratio of the leaves characteristic of each branching Order of laterals, shape and size of the vesicles, muricatous nature of the terminal branchlets, branching pattern of the receptacles, morphology of the female receptacles and the type of holdfast. Introducrion The genus Sargassum is widely .distributed in tropical and subtropical seas. Although a few comprehensive taxonomic works on the genus from different localities, such äs Australia (J. Agardh 1889, Womersley 1954), Japan (Yendo 1907, Okamura 1923-1928, Yamada 1942a, 1942b, Setchell 1931, 1933, 1935, 1936), Vietnam (Pham 1967), Guam (Tsuda 1972), North America (e. g. Taylor 1960), and eastern Venezuela (Bertossi and Ganesan 1973) are available, a lot of confusion still exists. This is largely attributable to the polymorphic nature of the genus, so that many of the early descriptions of different Sargassum species, based on dried and fragmented material, could have represented only parts of the same species. Extensive comparison of material collected over a longer time period (> l year) to assess the seasonal development, and comparison with and among the type specimens are necessary to resolve this confusion. Ecologi1 Contribution no. 149 from the Marine Science Institute. 2 Present address: University of British Columbia, Department of Botany, Vancouver, B. C., Canada V6T 2B1 cal Information may also be useful äs an additional criterion for such comparison. Works by Womersley (1954) on the subgenus Phyllotricha and by Yoshida (1983) and Tseng et al. (1985) on the subgenus Bactrophycus are Steps towards this end. More than 50 species of Sargassum have been reported from the Philippines (Ang 1982). The certainty of many of these records, however, is suspect. Systematic work on Philippine Sargassum is now underway. We report here the results of an initial approach to identify the Sargassum species from Balibago, Calatagan based on the recognizable morphological changes that are associated with the different growth stages of the plants. Material and Methods Balibago, Calatagan (13°56'N and 120°37'24"E) is in the southwestern part of the main island of Luzon, northern Philippines. It has an extensive reef flat that forms part of the reef bounding the southwestern Botanica Marina / Vol. 30 / 1987 / Fase. 5 Copyright © 1987 Walter de Gruyter · Berlin New York 388 Ang and Trono: The genus Sargassum from the Philippines coast of the Calatagan peninsula. The present study was conducted in one of several Sargassum communities present along the coast. The substratum of the Sargassum bed is mainly coralline, and the slope is gradual (< 10°). The area is exposed to strong waves from the northeast and Southwest during the monsoon season (June to November). Other features of the Community are described in Ang (1986). This study comprises two parts. The flrst involved the monitoring of the natural growth of Sargassum. Twenty plants were initially collected to represent a cross-spectrum of the possible species found in the area. These were preserved in 10% formalin-sea water solution. Two species were initially investigated among these samples. Twenty plants of each of the species were then tagged in the field on June 28,1979, using nylong string. Monthly collection of 2 tagged plants of each species were made in the succeeding months. At the same time, additional samples were collected from the surrounding areas. These samples were carefully observed for their morphological similarities or differences with the tagged plants. Additional plants of both investigated species were tagged on October 26, 1979. Monitoring and collection were continued every month until September, 1980 for a total of 16 months. Additional samples of fertile material and young plants were collected between August, 1981 and February, 1982. From time to time when conditions permitted, samples were also collected from the deeper, waveexposed edge of the reef flat. Several morphologically distinct plants were found in this area. Tagging and monitoring of these species, however, were not possible because the area was frequently inaccessible due to strong waves. Nevertheless, plants collected at different times were compared with each other äs well äs with those collected from the reef flat. The second part of the study involved the monitoring of the young or new growth of Sargassum found on the reef flat. In conjunction with the recruitment studies (Ang 1985), two Clearings of l m each were made every 3—4 weeks from June, 1979 to June, " 1980. One of the Clearings was provided with coralline rocks äs artificial substratum. Coralline rocks were collected from the shore high above the littoral zone and were carefully examined to remove all signs of Sargassum remnants. These Clearings were monitored the following months for newly recruited germlings. New growth started to appear in December 1979. Growth of these germlings was followed and changes in their morphology were carefully observed. Samples of young thalli were collected from time to time and compared morphologically with the larger plants. More detailed examination of all the samples was done in the laboratory under a stereo-microscope. Measurement of the detailed parts was made using calipers. Morphological characters of the material were compared with the descriptions of the different species given by earlier workers äs well äs with the material in the Agardh Herbarium, Lund Botanical Museum (LD), and with the Siboga material in the Rijksherbarium (L). Results and Observations Eight species of Sargassum were recognized from the study area, all belonging to the subgenus Eusargassum. A key to these species is provided below and a summary of the important morphological characters of the plants is given in Table L Length and width measurements of leaves for each branch order for each species were based on at least 20 leaves/plant from a minimum of 10 plants, except for S. crassifolium, S. notarisü, and S. oligocystum, where only 2 plants of each species were available. Additional remarks for each species are given in the following sections. The terminology used follows that of Jensen (1974) and Stearn (1983). All the material examined is permanently deposited at the G. T. Velasquez Phycological Herbarium, Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines. All these species, except S. crassifolium, S. notarisü, and S. oligocystum, are psuedo-perennial, i. e., lateral branches die back at the end of the reproductive period and new laterals arise from the basal holdfast and primary axis in the following growing season. There is not enough Information on whether die back occurs in the other three species. The reproductive period for most species is from late August to December, although S. baccularia is also found reproductive in March. Except for S. crassifolium, S. notarisii, and S. oligocystum, all other species are dioecious. Male receptacles or male plants were not observed in S. crassifolium and S. oligocystum so dioecy can not be ascertained. No reproductive plant of S. notarisii was collected. Sargassum plants in the area are distributed along a depth gradient with S. siliquosum found in the midintertidal, S. baccularia, S. ilicifolium and S. paniculatum in the low intertidal, and S. cinctum, S. crassifolium, and S. oligocystum in the shallow subtidal exposed to strong waves. Sargassum notarisii was collected in the drift. Key to the Sargassum species: l Axis of lateral branches terete or slightly compressed; leaves arise in all directions 2 Botanica Marina / Vol. 30 / 1987 / Fase. 5 Ang and Trono: The genus Sargasswn front the Philippines 389 l Axis of lateral branches strongly compressed; leaves distichous, alternate S. oligocystum 2 Leaves generally not undulate, or undulate only in those of the laterals of lower order; vesicles numerous, those associated with higher branch Orders very small, up to 4 mm in diameter 3 2 Leaves thick, strongly undulate; vesicles few, large, up to 10 mm in diameter 7 3 Vesicles generally spherical or slightly compressed, muticous, apiculate or sometimes winged; receptacles subcymose to racemose 4 3 Vesicles consistently ovate to oblong, muticous or sometimes apiculate; receptacles cymose S. cinctum 4 Female receptacles mainly trigonous to triquetrous, slightly to strongly twisted; subtended by vesicles 5 4 Female receptacles mainly flat or compressed at base, becoming triquetrous towards tip, no twisting; subtended by vesicles or bractlets 6 5 Female receptacles irregularly serrate or dentate, triquetrous and strongly twisted; leaves clavate, obovate to oblong, with average length/width ratio less than 3 S. siliquosum 5 Female receptacles smooth or slightly dentate, trigonous and occasionally twisted; leaves narrowly ovate, obovate, elliptical to linear, with average length/width ratio between 4 to 9 S. paniculatum 6 Terminal branchlets smooth; tip of female receptacles serrate or dentate S. ilicifolium 6 Terminal branchlets muricatous; upper half of female receptacles dentate S, baccularia 7 Leaves with thickened edges, terminal or apical ones with edges doubled S. crassifolium 7 Leaf edges not thickened, not doubled S. notarisü Sargassum baccularia (Mertens)


The transient-response simulation results of Taiwan Power System whose power grid is connected with a high-capacity offshore wind farm (OWF) of 100 MW subject to symmetrical and unsymmetrical severe disturbances using a commercial power-system simulation software are presented in this paper. A three-phase short-circuit fault is suddenly applied to the collector bus and power grid of the studied power system to compare the transient power fluctuations of the wind-turbine generators (WTGs) with and without protective relays, which are connected at different locations through infield submarine cables. The simulated transient results obtained in this paper can offer future operational references for grid-connected WTGs located at different OWFs with various capacities.


This thesis investigates how an energy meter should be constructed in order to apply to the Measurement Instrument Directive. The measuring instrument directive is a statutory industry standard. Al ...


Wood preservatives have been used for more than a century. They are broadly classified as either waterborne or oil-type, based on the chemical composition of the preservative and the carrier used during the treating process. Some preservatives can be formulated for use with either water or oil solvents. Water-based preservatives often include some type of cosolvent, such as amine or ammonia to keep one or more of the active ingredients in solution. Each solvent has advantages and disadvantages that depend on the application.


The charge of particles in complex (dusty) plasmas is not fixed, but depends on local plasma parameters. For instance, it reacts on modifications of the plasma quasineutrality condition associated with the presence of highly charged particles —an effect known as particle charge reduction in dense particle clouds (or "charge cannibalism"). In this paper we discuss one of the consequences of this effect related to the possible phase states of the particle component. In particular, we show that the effect of charge reduction can prevent the particle component from crystallization. Alternatively, it can lead to a reentrant fluid-solid-fluid chain of phase changes upon isothermal compression of the particle component. The obtained results can be important for experimental investigations of phase transitions in complex (dusty) plasmas.


Representatives of the group Apicomplexa are well known
pathogens causing harmful diseases such as toxoplasmosis,
malaria, and cryptosporidiosis in humans and domestic animals.
Various aspects of their biology and phylogeny are intensively
studied. Less is known about basal apicomplexan groups from
invertebrates, namely gregarines. Nevertheless, the knowledge
about characters evolution and phylogeny of this group and
other related organisms can improve our understanding of
evolutionary pathways within Apicomplexa. From the Antarctic,
few reports concerning gregarines have ever been published. In
this study, a novel eugregarine from a benthic amphipod is
described using microscopic and phylogenetic analyses.
Head-to-tail syzygies were found: both gamonts were of aseptate
morphology and with an oval or lentil-shaped nucleus. The
syzygies exhibited gliding motility. The syzygy partners were
covered with a three¬membrane pellicle, forming longitudinal
epicytic folds, as typical for eugregarines. The attachment
site of the primite was convex and the posterior end formed a
concave depression in which the cap-like anterior end of
satellite plugged in. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses of
rDNA datasets from different coccidia, gregarines and other
basal apicomplexans were performed. Selected available
sequences of ribosomal genes (SSU and LSU) from different
apicomplexans grouped in several main clades. Statistical
support in the branches was sometimes low for gregarines that
superficially appear to be similar in morphology. On the other
hand, gregarines from crustacean hosts clustered together,
despite their variable morphological features.


Annealing in air produces less photocurrent and a small IPC/IDC ratio compared to those of unannealed CdS:Yb crystals. Annealing in sulfur makes the crystals very conducting without any increase due to photoexcitation. Annealing in presence of Cd metal makes the photo-response quite fast. Results of photoconductivity excitation spectra are also presented and discussed.


The issue of a consistent power counting scheme in nonrelativistic theories is discussed, with NRQCD and Yukawa theory used as examples.


ABSTRACT

RANI WAHYU SAPUTRI. Influences of Head Master Leadership and Motivation with Perfomance of Economic Teacher in Private High Schools in East Jakarta. Scription. Jakarta: Concentration of Cooperative Economi, Study Program of economic . State University of Jakarta.2012.

This study aims to determine how much influences of leadership and motivation on the perfomance of economic teachers in private high schools in East Jakarta, conducted from April to Juny 2012. this study uses a survey method with the corelational aproach. In this research, the population is economic teacher in 130 private high schools , and then 30 teacher is the population sampled.
Results of data analysis techniues as follows : all variables on this study have normal distribution and satisfy the assumption of linearity. Optained multiple regression equation Y= 30,519 + 0,373X1 + 0,521X2. Test of regression coefficients simultaneously using ANOVA tables. This shows a significant and influential regression simultaneously, test of partial correlation using correlation tables. Test of variable X1 get tcount = 3,421 and t critical = 2,052. This indicated
variable X1 is influence of variable Y. Test of variable X2 gets t count = 4,259 and tcritical = 2,052. This indicated varible X2 is influence of varible Y. Test yield coefficients of determination R2
 = 0,711. This indicated that 71,1% variable Y influenced by variables X1 dan X2. Regression model in this study free of oberrations of classical assumptions, namely the absence of symptoms of multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. Based on this research
can be drawn the consclution that there is the influences of head master leadership and work motivation on the perfomance of economic teachers.

Keywords : Leadership, Work Motivation, and Perfomance of Teachers.


Background
The current study reports on the development of an Arabic version of the Revised version of the Impact of Events Scale (IES-R). The IES-R was developed to assist in exploring the relationship between posttraumatic growth (PTG) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among a sample of 40 Middle Eastern participants from a refugee background.

Method
The psychometric properties were investigated on two recently translated Arabic versions of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and the adapted IES-R. The current IES-R was developed using World Health Organization (WHO) principles in establishing the comprehensibility, reliability, and validity of translated scales.

Results
Good discriminant validity and good reliability for the scale were identified. Factors analysis supported a four-factor solution for the PTGI and a three-factor solution for the IES-R; however, the small sample size suggests the obtained factor structure is likely unstable.

Conclusion
The Arabic version of the IES-R is a promising scale to assess posttraumatic stress symptoms in Middle Eastern Refugees.


The fabrication of porous poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel scaffolds via epoxy-amine crosslinked polymerization was conducted in this research works. PEG was chosen as the main component of the hydrogel scaffolds due to their unique characteristic including high hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and low toxicity properties. The effects of different solvents ((water, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TGDME), etc) toward physical and mechanical properties of fabricated PEG-based hydrogel scaffolds were investigated to identify the suitable solvent for fabrication of porous hydrogel scaffolds. From the results obtained, DMSO was selected as the solvent because the produced hydrogels scaffolds possessed the optimum physical properties as compared to other solvents. In tissue engineering field, porosity of scaffolds play key role for cell attachment, grow and proliferation consequently help in regeneration of new tissues. Therefore, in this study the macroporous hydrogel scaffolds were produced via introduction of fused salt templates in the range sizes of 100–300 μm (small) and 300–600 μm (large) in the fabrication process. Improved interconnectivity of pores was achieved and pores sizes obtained were according to the size of salt particles utilized in the template. Modification of the scaffolds pore morphology resulted in a reduction in the mechanical properties as we expected.


Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase (COX), is a key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis,regulates dioxygenase and peroxidase activity. The major metabolites of PTGS2 are PGE2, PGF2, PGD2, PGI2, and TXA2. All of these are steroid and act as immunosuppressive agentsbut differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. It is a well-known fact that PTGS2 prompt and aggrandize the cancer condition by proliferation, differentiation, and migration of carcinogenic cells in different organs in animals including human, therefore considered as a novel target for the prevention of cancer. Several researchers have discoverednumerous pharmacological inhibitors of PTGS2 to prevent the cancer,however prevention and treatment of cancer by inhibiting PTGS2 from dendritic cell has not been properly studied. Therefore, indirect/direct molecular silencing of PTGS2 by siRNA/shRNA or PTGS2 knockout from DC to prevent cancer means PTGS2 mediated DC vaccine may be an attractive approach to prevent cancer in near future.


This article examines a lawsuit over a local temple called Huxin Temple as a way to discuss the conflicts caused by Buddhist devotion by women within family-centered rituals in seventeenth-century Ningbo. Since two sisters from the prominent Yuan family had donated their dowries to Huxin Temple during the Southern Song period, the Yuans had patronized the temple, until another prestigious family, the Zhangs, took it over. The article argues that the Yuans needed to shift their focus from the Yuan sisters to Yuan Yong, another ancestor of the Yuans, in order to win the lawsuit. The outcome of the lawsuit also demonstrates that the pious ancestresses vanished from the public discourse and were replaced by the Song loyalist Yuan Yong.


Validation of a probability consists of the estimation of the reliability of the probability. Validation is important when probabilities are based on data, rather than theoretical exercises. Although the validation issue has been a part of all applications of probabilistic concepts to structural engineering, it has not been generally considered a real issue in the past because of the way that applications developed. Conventional mathematical statistics does not offer an adequate solution to validation. Bayesian concepts yield a solution but the methodology conflicts with that of conventional statistical procedures. A possible way of circumventing the issue exists by focusing on comparing the results of standardized analyses rather than solving the problem directly.


Open-source EDA shows promising potential in unleashing EDA innovation and lowering the cost of chip design. This paper presents an open-source EDA project, iEDA, aiming for building a basic infrastructure for EDA technology evolution and closing the industrial-academic gap in the EDA area. iEDA now covers the whole flow of physical design (including Floorplan, Placement, CTS, Routing, Timing Optimization etc.), and part of the analysis tools (Static Timing Analysis and Power Analysis). To demonstrate the effectiveness of iEDA, we implement and tape out three chips of different scales (from 700k to 1.5M gates) on different process nodes (110nm and 28nm) with iEDA. iEDA is publicly available from the project home page http://ieda.oscc.cc.


Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in humans. The hormone α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) has been reported to be neuroprotective in previous studies. The aim of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of α‐MSH against the neurotoxicity of 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+). Our results indicated that treatment with α‐MSH in M17 cells attenuated MPP+‐induced oxidative stress, embodied by exacerbated reactive oxygen species and protein carbonyls. In addition, we found that α‐MSH could improve mitochondrial function in M17 cells through increasing the level of adenosine triphosphate and mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, treatment with α‐MSH restored the reduction of cell viability and the induction of lactate dehydrogenase release induced by α‐MSH. Importantly, Hoechst staining results indicated that α‐MSH treatment significantly reduces the number of apoptotic cells after treatment with MPP+. Mechanically, we found that α‐MSH prevented apoptosis signals through reducing the level of cleaved caspase‐3 and attenuating cytochrome c release. All these data imply that α‐MSH produces a protective effect in PD. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 69(5):315–320, 2017


The form of a general theory of cavity ionisation is outlined. By considering the modification of the shape and the energy in the electron spectrum produced by the cavity material in the medium, a general theory of cavity ionisation is derived. It is shown to be in good agreement with experimental results. The application of this general cavity theory to solid and liquid state detectors is discussed.


Directing against working property and control requirements of the ball mills in thermal power plants, a double-layer control strategy combined self-optimizing control with fuzzy self-adapting sampling PI control has been put forward, realizing load optimization and real-time control of ball mills. The developed load control system of ball mills utilizes ball mill's load detector based on information-fusing technology of multiple sensors to realize accurate load measurement and adopts a small-size distributed control system (DCS) consisted of a programmable logic controller (PLC) and an industrial control computer. practical application shows that the control performance of above-mentioned control system is good, having obvious energy-saving effectiveness.


There is an increasing demand from both academic and industrial communities to bridge the gap between visionary research and large-scale experimentation for new networking and service architectures and paradigms [1, 2]. This approach needs the set-up of experimental facilities, going beyond individual project test-beds, which could help in identifying possible migration paths for technological developments, in discovering new and emerging behaviours and use patterns; as well as in assessing the socioeconomic implications of new technological solutions at an early stage. In addition, such experimental test-beds allow integrations of all relevant actors in a flexible service and technology innovation environment. This brings the user in the loop at an early stage of the R&D cycle and addresses the problem of bridging the gap between technologies and applications.


Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) secondary to mutations in the GLA gene that causes dysfunctional activity of lysosomal hydrolase α-galactosidase A and results in the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3). The endothelial accumulation of these substrates results in injury to multiple organs, mainly the kidney, heart, brain and peripheral nervous system. The literature on FD and central nervous system involvement is scarce when focusing on alterations beyond cerebrovascular disease and is nearly absent in regard to synaptic dysfunction. In spite of that, reports have provided evidence for the CNS' clinical implications in FD, including Parkinson's disease, neuropsychiatric disorders and executive dysfunction. We aim to review these topics based on the current available scientific literature.


Objective To understand the diabelipidtes metabolism influencing prognosis of ischemic stroke so as to adopt effective prevention and control measures,to provide evidences for improving prognosis of these patients.Methods Medical record data of 319 inpatients suffered from our two teaching hospital between July 2002 and July 2004,all data of investigation were sorted out and analysized.Results (1) The prognosis of those with high blood glucose was much worse than that with euglycemiarates(P0.01).(2) Age in the onset of ischemic stroke had significant difference in two genders(P0.01).(3) The higher the levels of HDL-C,the better of the prognosis(P0.01).Conclusion This survey showed that the timely see a doctor,lifestyle and economic condition has a direct bearing on the prognosis of ischemic stroke.


Today when service is increasingly emphasized, how to render an effective service to readers has been a realistic subject facing libraries and their attendants. The author holds the view that it is one of the imperative issues to mine and develop the implicit demand for libraries in solving the research topics of how to improve service level.


This study uses intraday electricity load demand data from Kuaro Main Gate data in East Kalimantan as the basis of an empirical comparison of Double Seasonal ARIMA models for prediction up to a day ahead. For the purpose of this study, a one-year hourly Kuaro Main Gate data load demand from 1 January 2018 to December 2018 measured in Megawatt (MW) is used. In multiple times of load demand data, in addition to intraday and intra week cycles, and intra year seasonal cycle is also apparent. We extend the Double Seasonal ARIMA methods in order to accommodate the Intra year seasonal cycle. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is used as the measure of forecasting accuracy. A notable feature of the time series is the presence of both an intraweek and an intraday seasonal cycle. We also propose that a Double Seasonal ARIMA model with the one-step-ahead forecast as the most appropriate model for forecasting the two-seasonal cycles Kuaro Main Gate data load demand time series. We use the Statistical Analysis System package to analyze the data. Using the least-squares method to estimate the coefficients in a Double Seasonal ARIMA model, followed by model validation and model selection criteria, we propose the ARIMA (1,1,1)(0,1,1)24(0,1,1)168 within-sample MAPE of 0.000992 as the best model for this study. Comparing the forecasting performances by using k-step ahead forecasts and one-step-ahead forecasts, we found that the MAPE for the one-step ahead out-sample forecasts from any horizon ranging from one week lead time to one month one week lead time are all less than 5%. Therefore we propose that a double seasonal ARIMA model with a one-step-ahead forecast must be considered in forecasting time series data with two seasonal cycles.


The kidney forms urine and reabsorbs electrolytes and water. Kidney cell lines and hormone supplemented serum free medium were used for growth. The hormones were insulin, transferrin, vasopressin, cholesterol, prostaglandins, hydrocortisone, and triidothyronine. Epithelial cell lines are polar and form hemicysts. The Madin-Darby canine kidney(MDCK) cell line used is distal tubulelike. LLC-PK sub 1 cells are derived from pig kidneys and have the properties of different kidney segments. The LLC-PK sub 1 cells with proximal tubule properties were maintained in hormone-supplemented serum free medium. Seven factors (the aforementioned homrones and selenium) were needed for growth. Hormone-defined medium supported LLC-PK sub 1 cell growth, allowed transport (as seen by hemicyst formation), and influenced cell morphology. Vasopressin (used for growth and morphology) could be partially replaced by isobutylmethylxanthine or dibutyryl cAMP. The defined medium was used to isolate rabbit proximal tubule kidney epithelial cells free of fibroblasts.


(57) Abstract: overbased magnesium composition deposit control additives for residual fuel oils and turbine oils contain magnesium up to at least 14 wt.% And about 18 wt% and succinic acid, and lower carboxylic anhydride overbased magnesium sulfonates containing acid co-promoter reaction product, a carboxylate or a phthalate or a mixture thereof. Such as residual fuel oil containing high asphaltenes, the addition of additives to the fuel oil, the additive if the clogging of the filter occurs magnesium / asphaltene deposits or sediment and result, not if removed, reduced. The additive may also if the corrosion caused by the vanadium in the turbine, not if removed, reduced. The present invention is also a method for producing overbased composition or deposit control additive, the reaction of overbasing in the method, a lower carboxylic acid as a co-promoter, preferably acetic acid and succinic anhydride preferably incorporates a combination of dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA).


Semi-supervised learning is to exploit the vast amount of unlabeled data in the world. This paper proposes a scalable graph-based technique leveraging the distributed computing power of the MapReduce programming model. For a higher quality of learning, the paper also presents a multi-layer learning structure to unify both visual and textual information of image data during the learning process. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.


Through analyzing China's auto possessive quantifies,rate of inrease on national GDP and influence of relevant industries,the thesis states the influence of the national economy and the promotion on the related industries in China by auto possessive quantities,offers reference basis to investment,policy decision and macroscopic regulation of item.It practically provides guidance to investment and policy decision related auto industry.


We study consequences of regulatory interventions in limit order markets that aim at stabilizing the market after an occurrence of a "flash crash". We use a simulation platform that creates random arrivals of trade orders, that allows us to analyze subtle features of liquidity and price variability under various market structures. The simulations are performed under continuous double-auction microstructure, and under alternatives, including imposing minimum resting times, shutting off trading for a period of time, and switching to call auction mechanisms. We find that the latter is the most effective in restoring the liquidity of the book and recovery of the price level. However, one has to be cautious about possible long term consequences of the intervention on the traders' strategies.


Capnography has been recommended as an anesthetic technique and the end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (PETCO2) is available in the operating room. PETCO2 is governed by metabolism, ventilation and circulation. When the first two parameters are controlled, PETCO2 reflects the lung flow, therefore the cardiac output. Studies have shown that PETCO2 lower than 20 mmHg is invariably associated with a cardiac output less than 2 L/min, even if other hemodynamic parameters are appropriate. Further increases in the preload, reduction of the afterload, establishment of an appropriate atrioventricular synchrony or increasing inotropy is necessary to increase PETCO2 above 25 mmHg. A considerable body of literature describes the use of PETCO2 to assess the adequacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation after cardiac arrest. Besides, attempts have been made to use PETCO2 as an alternative to the thermodilution technique for determining cardiac output. Little has been reported of its use in cardiac surgery. From June 1996 to June 1997 we have studied 200 patients, submitted to CPB suggesting that PETCO2 around 27 mmHg would indicate a cardiac output good enough to wean the patients on the cardiopulmonary circulation so long as other hemodynamic and metabolic parameters were adequate. None of the patients required CPB giving us the impression that end-tidal carbon dioxide tension generally indicates an appropriate cardiac output.


The research aims to identify the operational efficiency practices adopted by a shopping cen-tre in the Metropolitan Region of Recife - PE, correlating them as a strategic green marketing tool to obtain a competitive advantage. Direct systematic observation and the unstructured interview method were used. The results showed that, in such an undertaking, environmental issues became a stimulus for technological innovation, in processes and in the improvement of management techniques. Such aspects are in line with what is recommended in the literature in the area, which describes that compa-nies that invest in cutting edge actions see in the green segment opportunities for the development of innovative products and technologies, which can result in competitive advantage backed by operational efficiency. It was concluded that the practices used by the mall correspond to a strategy of cleaner production process (P+L), which can be seen as an attitude of proactivity in relation to the efficiency in the use of production resources, thus configuring a sustainable competitive advantage.


ABSTRACT Thermal wave, namely wavelike behavior of heat propagation in transient heat conduction, enjoys much attention due to the recent investigations into phonon hydrodynamics in low-dimensional materials. In this paper, an improved phonon Monte Carlo (MC) simulation algorithm is developed based on the Callaway's dual relaxation time approximation model, which can deal with the coupling of normal and resistance scattering processes. Via the method, more thermal wave evidences are observed from the microscopic view of phonons, including overshooting and diffraction. Furthermore, the ballistic and hydrodynamic thermal waves are deeply studied. Two kinds of dissipation are found to exist in thermal waves, namely spatial dissipation and resistance dissipation. The former keeps the conservation of phonon momentum, but it lengthens the wavelength and decreases the peak temperature. The latter destroys the phonon momentum and keeps the original profile, lowering the peak temperature. Finally, phonon transport phenomena in Ziman hydrodynamic regime and diffusive regime are investigated, by introducing the scattering probability. The propagation tendency of thermal energy is found to decrease with the increasing scattering probability. The investigations into phonon hydrodynamics help to understand the heat transport characteristics and improve thermal management in low-dimensional materials.


Prototype instrument provides measurement data from which one computes mass density of strand of yarn. Includes fixtures placing known length of yarn under known tension across fixed and movable support. Transverse vibrations induced in yarn by moving movable support up and down. Source of light illuminates photodetector at midlength of yarn, and photodetector senses repeated shadowing caused by vibration of yarn through light, thereby measuring vibrations. Also used for continuous real-time monitoring of such yarn-manufacturing processes as coating or impregnation.


A self-learning evaluation model is proposed to evaluate the operational effectiveness of weapon equipment under the influence of marine environment.By dividing operational effectiveness into different levels,nonlinear mapping between marine environmental elements and the levels of operational effectiveness is established based on neural network.Then the operational effectiveness can be obtained by evaluating the operational effectiveness level of the weapon equipment.To improve the reliability of the evaluation,the model is revised by adding the ability of self-learning.With the increase of samples,operational effectiveness can be further divided into more levels to improve the numerical precision of the evaluation result,which results in improvement of the structure of neural network in evaluation model.On the basis of that,the model can be updated through self-training of the model.Finally,aiming at the operational effectiveness evaluation instance of an operation platform,the experimental results show that the reliability of the evaluation model is raised through self-learning,which proves the feasibility of the proposed model.Compared with the traditional methods,the model proposed needs no expertise,which makes the evaluation results more objective.


In a previous paper, we showed that the orientable cover of the moduli space of real genus zero algebraic curves with marked points is a compact aspherical manifold tiled by associahedra, which resolves the singularities of the space of phylogenetic trees. In this draft of a sequel, we construct a related (stacky) resolution of a space of real quadratic forms, and suggest, perhaps without much justification, that systems of oscillators parametrized by such objects may may provide useful models in genomics.


The premise behind this research project is to aid programmers in writing more secure software systems. It does that by examining the distribution and the usage of some unsafe functions that are known to introduce security vulnerabilities to the software systems written in C/C++. This work extends prior research led by two of the current authors and aims at improving the accuracy and the practicality of the prior work (e.g., improving the vulnerability mechanism and identifying the potential false positives). With the proposed approach, software developers can integrate their software repositories with our solution through GitHub webhooks. Using this technique, our analysis tool will be automatically invoked each time a change is committed to the repository with instant and more accurate feedback. Additionally, integrating GitHub eliminates the need to create an account to conduct the system analysis making the tool easy to use. Future improvements are also discussed. Mohammad Barrawi, Alexander VanBeekum, Oliver Sue, and Zaid Altahat* Computer Science Department University of Wisconsin-Parkside Kenosha, WI 53144 {barra002, vanbe015, sue00002} @rangers.uwp.edu, *firstname.lastname@example.com Saleh Alnaeli Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Department University of Wisconsin-Stout


Recently, American social behavior during the 1980s has been compared, both favorably and unfavorably, with the attitudes and culture of the United States during the years 1950–1959. The past two decades of rebellion, student protest, liberal sexual practices, radical politics, and strong civil and women's rights movements have all passed.


Abstract Given the importance of fieldwork in Latin Americanist geography, it is intriguing to note the absence of a dialogue about the politics of fieldwork within the subdiscipline. Drawing from feminist theories about the production of knowledge, this article suggests that the silence about fieldwork is rooted in masculinist epistemologies that predominate in Latin Americanist geography. After analyzing the epistemological and pedagogical implications of masculinism, I argue for increased attention to the nexus of power and knowledge and in particular, to how the researcher's geographic location, social status, race, and gender fundamentally shape the questions asked, the data collected, and the interpretation of the data. Dialogue about these issues in our teaching and writing not only will better prepare students for fieldwork, but also has the potential to foster research that subverts rather than reproduces power inequalities. *The thirty-seven individuals who responded to my survey, sent out in January 2001, made this article possible; my warmest appreciation goes out to each person who took the time to ponder and respond to my questions. An earlier version of this article was presented at the AAG Annual Meetings in New York in February 2001; as I had taken ill, I wish to thank Scott Prudham for delivering the paper on my behalf (a performance that is now legendary). I also thank Ines Mijares, Alison Mountz, Geraldine Pratt, Minelle Mahtani, and Scott Prudham for comments and encouragement. The five reviewers for this article provided additional insights that strengthened the article. However, I am responsible for the arguments presented here, as well as any and all errors.


L-shell X ray production cross-sections from Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, and Yb, have been measured for incident 0.5 Mev/amu to 0.75 MeV/amu He, B, C, O, and F ions. Results were compared with experimental data from other authors and with theoretical predictions from the ECPSSR and ECPSSR plus united atom (ECPSSR-UA) models. An evaluation is made of the effect of using several databases for the atomic parameters (fluorescence yields and Coster-Kronig probabilities). It has been found that the ECPSSR-UA approximation describes the experimental results very well.


For studies of cataphoresis in He–Ne mixtures, an analytic expression is derived for the functional dependence of the neon atoms in the axial direction. The analysis, which involves the continuity equation, considers the production and loss mechanisms of the Ne+ ions. The present theory can be used to predict the degree of ionization of neon at a given pressure and current, when the appropriate rate coefficients are known. In addition, techniques for ion sampling from gaseous plasmas have been used in the present investigation. Measurements have been made in commercial helium‐gas samples having a quoted neon concentration ≤0.001% and in samples containing 0.05% neon. Studies were conducted over a pressure and current range of 7–30 Torr and 8–80 mA, respectively. Depending on the experimental conditions, the following ions were observed: He2+, Ne+, Ne2+, and HeNe+. For the case of HeNe+, the present studies permit an estimate of the rate coefficient for the reaction Ne++2He→HeNe++He which is comparable to ...


Aiming at application of NAND Flash memory in embedded system, a double linked list NAND Flash files system was presented, and the storage structure was improved meanwhile. This file system stores the documents record and relevant documents data directly bound in same storage block. The file pointer of this file system adopted double linked list structure, and it can be realized that a flexible two-way data search in forward or backward with file pointer. It is a new type, reasonable and practical, suitable for embedded multimedia applications Flash file system, effectively improved the data retrieval rate, and extended the Flash using life.


SUMMARY The traveltimes of P and SH waves through the crust depend strongly on wave period. At periods longer than 10–15 s, where traveltime measurements for indirect (e.g. surface reflected and core reflected) waves are typically made, the traveltimes are shorter than predicted by ray theory. Crustal corrections, often used in global mantle tomography to isolate the effects of the crust on teleseismic traveltimes, may have a complex frequency dependence and influence finite-frequency inversions. Crustal corrections for profiles of CRUST2.0 and the PREM reference model for the mantle may be several seconds larger or smaller than ray-theoretical values, depending on crustal thickness, crustal velocities and wave period. This variability is observed in the difference times between the seismic phases SS and S and between PP and P. It is therefore important to incorporate the effects of the crust on traveltimes in finite-frequency tomography, in order to take full advantage of the variable mantle sensitivity of body waves at different periods.


Calanus tonsus, a subantarctic planktonic copepod, was taken abundantly in surface waters off south-eastern New Zealand in spring and early summer (September to January). Nearly two generations are passed in this time but individuals of the second generation appear to descend into deep water as Stage V copepodites. Here they overwinter before they mature and breed in August. Males were not taken at all in surface samples and only appeared in deep water upon the maturation of the overwintering stocks. When they first appear, males outnumber females. C. tonsus was seasonally abundant near the surface in the Southland Current, and further offshore in subantarctic water, but not in neritic waters near the shore. It is probably introduced into the Southland Current each spring from deeper subantarctic water. C. tonsus is closely related to C.plumchrus of the North Pacific and the two species have many similarities in their life-cycles and hydrological afiities. The male of C. tonsus has been more fully described in this paper.


This paper proposes a new method Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter with Maximum Likelihood Estimation for reducing noise in digital images. The proposed method first estimates the noise level of the real noisy image using simple and fast algorithm and then the method is used for noise reduction. This method computes a highly accurate proposal distribution based on the maximum likelihood observations. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our method can obtain better performances in terms of both subjective and objective evaluations than the state-of-the-art denoising techniques.


With modern advances in highthroughput technologies to measure gene expression profiles, researchers are eager to identify biomarkers that indicate pathogenic processes or pharmacologic responses. However, insufficient statistical power, often due to the limited sample sizes in real experiments, has hindered progress in this area. Realistic simulations can provide data to better estimate sample sizes and better evaluate analytical methods. Existing simulation tools have focused more on the technology and less on the biological complexity of patients and outcomes. In this paper, we describe an R package of gene expression simulation tools to address this problem. Our model incorporates both biological and technical noise on top of the true signal, transcriptional status, and block structures that mimic gene networks. More importantly, to simulate the multi-hit model of cancer development, our tool contains latent variables that link gene expression with binary outcome and survival data. We demonstrate the use of this R package by providing examples of simulated cancer subtype recovery and biomarker discovery. Keywords-gene expression; microarray; simulation; class prediction; multi-hit theory of cancer; biomarker


Abstract An expert on Russian law and politics uses data drawn from interviews with participants in non-payment cases heard by arbitrazh courts in Moscow, Saratov, and Yekaterinburg in 2000, after efforts made in the late 1990s to reform the enforcement system of the courts. The data are used to identify the strategies creditors use to collect payments awarded to them, the outcomes of such efforts, and managers' attitudes toward arbitrazh courts. Regional differences in creditors' ability to enforce these judgments, as well as patterns in debtor behavior and creditors' use of arbitrazh courts, are identified and analyzed.


TO THE EDITOR: We both are ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialists at a tertiary university hospital and cover 1–2 nights of emergency calls each month. Over 8 months in 2008, we witnessed four emergency patients (aged 25–39 years; three men, one woman) who had sore throat, mild fever and pain on swallowing, without any respiratory distress symptoms. One patient presented with "hot potato voice". All had had a palatine tonsillectomy in childhood. On examination, the oral pharynx appeared normal to mildly hyperaemic, without any suppuration. To exclude potentially fatal epiglottitis, all patients underwent transnasal flexible laryngoscopy, which revealed swollen lingual tonsils covered with fibrinous exudate typical of streptococcal infection. Distal structures, including the epiglottis and endolarynx, were normal. Acute lingual tonsillitis was diagnosed, and the patients quickly responded to penicillin therapy. Some degree of infection of the lingual tonsils probably occurs when the pharynx is otherwise infected, but is usually left undiagnosed because it is not easily visible without laryngoscopy. Although none of our patients had any life-threatening symptoms, this condition could potentially cause upper airway compromise, and the course would certainly be more arduous without antibiotics. The flexibility of our health care system in Croatia allows for some emergency patients' to refer themselves to the relevant specialty services. If these patients had presented to general practice rather than to our department, where we performed transnasal laryngoscopy, this diagnosis would have probably gone unnoticed, and antibiotic therapy would not have been prescribed. Thus, is acute lingual tonsillitis a neglected cause of severe sore throat? A search of the current literature and ENT textbooks did not reveal many reports of this disease. Even if our observations referred to rare cases, considering our hospital catchment population for ENT emergencies of more than 300 000, they still outnumbered all cases of epiglottitis treated at our emergency service during the same period. Therefore, it is our opinion that acute lingual tonsillitis should be at least kept in mind as a condition that can cause severe sore throat that is oropharyngoscopically silent or mimics simple viral infection, but is effectively and readily treated with antibiotics. Because the base of the tongue cannot be visualised by routine intraoral examination, confirmation of the diagnosis must be made by an ENT specialist who will perform laryngoscopy.


Abstract This article reviews gateways to online resources specifically for preservice teacher educators. Gateways are Web sites where information about a particular topic, or set of topics, has been screened, annotated, organized, and linked. They help users find relevant and worthwhile resources with a minimum of effort and frustration. Even though there are differences among gateway sites, this article examines their common features as well as the pros and cons of using them.


XML represents a new way of organizing information and knowledge of the World Wide Web, using markup languages. Whereas HTML is used for presentation-specific content, XML builds upon its SGML lineage to separate content from presentation, and provide a semantic labeling for elements that comprise a document. With XML, the concept of "document" is broadened to include an encapsulation of information and knowledge, and not only a flat medium. This suggests that XML can be used for model specification and computer simulation. With this in mind, we have used XML to create two modeling specification languages: MXL and DXL. We begin by overviewing XML, discussing MXL and DXL, and then showing an example of how the languages are employed in the modeling process, and can be used with a variety of presentations.


From the view of sport,the violence on sports fields is the violent behaviors between players and players,non-players and players,non-players and non-players.The harmfulness of violence behaviors is different;therefore,it is necessary to classify the degree of violence on sports fields.From the view of law,the violence on sports fields players should be punished by sport organizations.Those between players and non-players,non-players and non-players should be handled by public security.But the violence which players do on non-players should refer to "double punishment rules",that is,they should be punished not only by social organizations but also by public security.


A novel approach of using node-based, second-order polynomial shape functions to substitute the degrees of freedom corresponding to slave nodes by a linear combination of those corresponding to master nodes is shown to be a powerful and accurate tool to couple non-conforming meshes. This method is investigated and proposed to be used to consider moving domains, especially rotating parts. The numerical behavior is illustrated by an exhaustive accuracy investigation.


The Inherent Analysis Error in X-Ray Spectrometry. It is suitable to use the intensities instead of the concentrations of the matrix elements when correcting the interelement effects in X-ray spectrometry. Thereby an analysis error arises. If not all elements of the matrix are known, a further error appears. Finally, the distribution of the concentrations in standards and unknown samples has an influence on the analytical result. These influences can all be summarized under the inherent analysis error which cannot be comprehended by measuring techniques but estimated theoretically by simulation of standards and unknown samples. The method is exemplified in the cases of high alloy steel and of mineral oil.


Qingdao Technical College has explored the mode of "three certificates and one file" in higher vocational talents' cultivation standard.The mode of "three certificates and one file" refers that students must achieve three certificates and one series file when graduating from colleges.Three certificates mean college degree certificate,corresponding professional qualification certificate and working experience certificate during the study period.One file means the file of career growth and program.This mode reflects the level of students when they graduate from colleges,which can guide the teaching practice of higher vocational education better.


We solve an open problem concerning the mixing time of a symmetric random walk on an n-dimensional cube truncated by a hyperplane, showing that it is polynomial in n. As a consequence, we obtain a full-polynomial randomized approximation scheme for counting the feasible solutions of a 0-1 knapsack problem. The key ingredient in our analysis is a combinatorial construction we call a "balanced almost uniform permutation", which seems to be of independent interest.


Wondering what will European Institutions do about #Windows10 huge privacy breach by design & what will be done about the hundreds of WinX computers sitting


An ionization chamber was connected with a Lauritsentype electrometer having a gold-plated quartz fiber. The inner wall of the cylinder is formed by Pb-shielded Cu cylinder which was Cu-plated to a thickess of 100 mg/cm/sup 2/ in order to eliminate the disturbing effect of an eventual alpha contamination. Plexiglass has been used as insulating material. The deflection of the finer was viewed by a microscope. The inner atmosphere of the chamber was dried by CaCl/ sub 2/. AFter operating the instrument for more than a year for measuring the activity of preparations including Cow. Cs/sup 1/s/sup 7/. and Ra/sup 226/ the strength of which ranged from 0.01 to 1 Curie it was found that its standand deviation was 0.2 plus or minus 0.1%. (TTT)


The kinetics of Athabasca bitumen derived heavy gas oil over NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts were studied in a JQ-II high-pressure microscale hydrotreator unit under different operation conditions, including temperature, pressure, H/O ratio and LHSV. The multi-parameter models of hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation were proposed. The model parameters verify that the HDS and HDN reactions follow 1.5-order and 1.6-order kinetic rules, respectively. The kinetic activation energies of HDN and HDS over Com, Hom1 and Hom2 show that homemade catalysts exhibit higher activities in HDN than commercial catalyst. Using the multi-parameter kinetic model to predict the contents of sulfur and nitrogen in products is in good agreement with the experimental data.


Suppose Player A is playing two apparently independent repeated games with two other people, B and C, with A randomly matched, each period, with either B or C. Each dyad maintains the maximum incentive-compatible level of cooperation within the dyad, even if cooperation has broken down in the other dyad. Thus, if A defects against B, say, then C is still willing to cooperate with A to the maximum incentive-compatible degree. Nevertheless, we show that the simple presence of each cooperative relationship can increase the maximum incentive compatible level of cooperation in the other dyad, due to a counterintuitive circular reasoning or "bootstrapping" effect. With more than two relationships, bootstrapping effects alternate with equally counterintuitive reverse bootstrapping effects.


Abstract : The research project had two components. In the first part, we developed a numerical method, based on the wavelet transform, for the solution of partial differential equations. Singularities and sharp transitions in solutions of partial differential equations model important physical phenomena, which are hard to simulate with conventional numerical methods. In collaboration with Pfr. Papanicolaou and Bacry, we introduced a numerical scheme based on the orthogonal wavelet transform, that adapts the computational resolution in space and time to the regularity of the solution. This scheme saves computations by concentrating the computational effort in regions where singularities or sharp transitions occur. it has been tested on the Burgers equation.


Objective To evaluate the economical effectiveness of three differentchemotherapeutic schemes in treatment of late non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Totally 93 cases of NSCLC were diveded into three groups and they were given three chemotherapeutic schemes respectively,IVP,MVP and CAP.The cost and efficacy of the schemes were analyzed according to pharmacoeconomic principles.Results The cost effect ratios of IVP,MVP and CAP treatment groups were 193 83,146 39 and 155 39 respectively.Conclusions MVP was considered as the best of the three chemotherapeutic schemes according to the overall evaluations.


Cooperative relay systems have attracted much attention in wireless communications in recent years due to its various potentials in the enhancement of diversity, achievable rates and coverage range. By using spatially distributed relays capable of forwarding data through statistically independent links, cooperative relaying can fulfill conventional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission in a more feasible way. It is more appealing to wireless high rate multimedia application to employ orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in cooperative relay systems, since OFDM has desirable properties for wireless transmission such as high bandwidth efficiency and resistance to the multipath delay spread. However, the performance of OFDM-based cooperative relay systems is still sensitive to the intercarrier interference (ICI) induced by the frequency offset. The ICI problem becomes more complicated since the signals forwarded by relays would suffer from statistically independent channel fadings and frequency offsets, which has rarely been dealt with in conventional ICI cancellation schemes. Therefore, the thesis first focuses on some existing ICI cancellation schemes based on the two-path conjugate transmission, including conjugate cancellation (CC), phase rotated conjugate cancellation (PRCC), and the adaptive receivers, which provide remarkable performances for OFDM systems not using relays. We point out the performance deficiency of the receiver designs in the above schemes when conjugate transmission is carried out in the two-relay cooperation scenario. Then, we develop an adaptive receiver that is suitable for OFDM-based cooperative relay systems based on conjugate transmission. In the proposed scheme, not only the phase rotations are applied, but also the amplitudes are adjusted on the two receiving paths. We provide theoretical derivation for the optimal values of both the phase rotations and the amplitude scale using criteria of maximizing the carrier-to-interference ratio and minimizing the ICI power, respectively. We also develop an adaptive process for updating the phase rotations and the amplitude scale using the normalized block least mean-squared (BLMS) algorithm to track channel and frequency offset variation under time-varying environments. Simulation results show that the proposed adaptive receiver is better than other related works for OFDM-based cooperative relaying systems. It is also demonstrated that the proposed scheme is robust against limited channel estimation errors


A sample consisting of 427 one- and multi-step organic name reactions has been classified in terms of a previously determined empirical set of 43 general reaction-matrix types (R), according to procedures outlined originally by UGI et al.14. The resulting distribution of R-matrices is similar to the overall pattern of other random and specialized sample analyses. The metathesis reaction accounts for 60% of all single-step synthetic transformations; subsets consisting of the primary three and ten R-matrices describe some 78% and 93% of the population, respectively. The results represent a valid experimental basis for the mathematical description of the constitution of organic chemistry.


The harbor located in the Peruvian northern region will be one of the most important of the sector, which will have a non-linear structure built with blocks of considerable dimensions, placed in the water and on the sea coast, with the intention of increasing the flow in several directions defined, guaranteeing the reduction of the waves, improve the fishing activity and avoid the settling of sand. The investigation provided the first contributions to the marine geophysical exploration of the continental and coastal platform of that extension with the vision of applications to the civil engineering for foundations. Using an integrated approach to study this area in order to obtain a detailed, systematic, geological-geophysical survey of the continental shelf and littoral, it was proposed to achieve a detailed stratigraphy and determine possible anomalies. The investigation included the study of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) with a configuration and array of pole-dipole electrodes, being made two on the continent and two at sea, and electrical resistivity tomography (EST) by the Schlumberge method, three on the continent and two in the sea. The most surprising results were the materials found in the strata and the discovery of a pit whose dimensions were found in the range of 22 to 13 m in thickness, being completely filled with fine sediments. It is interesting to observe that the geo-electric resistivity anomaly found will have the purpose of supporting the necessary measures to be carried out in the foundation of the harbor, which reaffirms that the application of geophysics is an essential tool.


he department argued that the suggestion raises issues of constitutionality and privacy as well as concerns relating to the interception of communications and surveillance.


Context. B-type supergiants are versatile tools to address various astrophysical topics, ranging from stellar atmospheres over stellar and galactic evolution to the cosmic distance scale. Aims. A hybrid non-LTE approach - line-blanketed model atmospheres computed under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) in combination with line formation calculations that account for deviations from LTE - is tested for quantitative analyses of B-type supergiants with masses $M<30 M_{\odot}$, characterising a sample of 14 Galactic objects. Methods. Hydrostatic plane-parallel atmospheric structures and synthetic spectra computed with Kurucz's Atlas12 code together with the non-LTE line-formation codes Detail/Surface are compared to results from full non-LTE calculations with Tlusty, and the effects of turbulent pressure on the models are investigated. High-resolution spectra are analysed for atmospheric parameters, using Stark-broadened hydrogen lines and multiple metal ionisation equilibria, and for elemental abundances. Fundamental stellar parameters are derived by considering stellar evolution tracks and Gaia EDR3 parallaxes. Interstellar reddening towards the target stars is determined by matching model spectral energy distributions to observed ones. Results. Our hybrid non-LTE approach turns out to be equivalent to hydrostatic full non-LTE modelling for the deeper photospheric layers of the B-type supergiants considered. Turbulent pressure can become relevant for microturbulent velocities larger than 10 km s$^{-1}$. High precision and accuracy is achieved for all derived parameters by bringing multiple indicators to agreement simultaneously. Abundances for chemical species (He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Al, Si, S, Ar, Fe) are derived with uncertainties of 0.05 to 0.10 dex. The derived ratios N/C vs. N/O tightly follow the predictions from Geneva stellar evolution models.


QSAR based on molecular topology (MT) is an excellent methodology used in predicting physicochemical and biological properties of compounds. This approach is applied here for the development of a mathematical model capable to recognize drugs showing dyspnea as a side effect. Using linear discriminant analysis, it was found a four-variable regression equations enabling a predictive rate of about 81% and 73% in the training and test sets of compounds, respectively. These results demonstrate that QSAR-MT is an efficient tool to predict the appearance of dyspnea associated with drug consumption.


The investigations of pulsed fields influence on PIG ion source performance preliminary results are presented. Fields are generated at the storage capacitance discharge through flat spiral antennas being cathodes of a Penning cell in H2. Theoretical estimates of the ionization probability at different discharge regimes are given. The experimental unit designed to investigate these regimes at different electrode system configuration, electrophysical and geometrical parameters as well as an external constant magnetic field is described. The experimental results are shown in comparison with theoretic estimates.


Ulrich Engel, Smilja Srdic, Milivoj Alanovic. Deutsch-serbische kontrastive Grammatik. Teil I: Der Satz. Sagners slavistische Sammlung, 33.1. Munchen: Sagner, 2012. 186 pp. euro36.00, cloth.Miloje Djordjevic, Ulrich Engel. Srpsko-nemacki recnik valentnosti glagola: Worterbuch zur Verbvalenz Serbisch-Deutsch. Sagners slavistische Sammlung, 34. Munchen: Sagner, 2013. 780 pp. euro58.00, cloth.Interest in contrastive grammar was sparked in North America by Robert Lado's Linguistics Across Cultures (University of Michigan Press, 1957) and Jean-Pierre Vmay and Jean Darbelnet's Stylistique comparee du francais et de l'anglais (Didier, 1958). It soon spread to Central and Eastern European countries. The Center for Applied Lmguistics (Washington, DC) co-foimded research projects covering Polish and English (Poznan), Hungarian and English (Budapest), Romanian and English (Bucharest), and twin projects in Zagreb (Enghsh for Serbo-Croatian speakers; SC for English speakers). These flourished from the late 1960s into the 1980s, each issuing its own publication series. SC was particularly well represented in contrastive studies, since a contrastive grammar project on SC and Hungarian was established in Budapest and Novi Sad and published several slim volumes in both languages, and a German-SC project published two extensive volumes of Kontrastive Grammatik Deutsch-Serbokroatisch (Sagner, 1986) edited by the general linguist Ulrich Engel and the Serbian Germanist Pavica Mrazovic.All these projects devoted attention to language-to-language differences in the cases and prepositional phrases governed by verbs, while somewhat slighting government patterns of adjectives and nouns (though complements to adjectives and nouns, too, are by no means predictable, compare English rich in (minerals), G reich an + Dative, SC bogat+ Instrumental). An 85-page SC verb government dictionary with English glosses (under the partly misleading title "Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Verbal Aspect Pairs") is found in R. Filipovic, ed., The Zagreb English - Serbo-Croatian Contrastive Project. Contrastive Analysis of English and Serbo-Croatian, 2. (Institute of Linguistics, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb, 1978), while Melamja Mikes and Ferenc Junger, Konti-astivna gramatika srpskohrvatskog i madarskogjezika, 5. Rekcijski odnosi u glagolskoj sintagmi (Institute for the Hungarian Language, Literature and Hungarian Studies, Faculty of Philosophy, 1979) contains a brief H-SC dictionary of verb government patterns and example sentences in the two languages (using the general European term rekcija for 'government').The G-SC contrastive project could, advantageously, take Engel's valence theory as a starting point. Valence is like government except that it explicitly includes a verb's choice of subject as well as the required or permitted sorts of objects and other complements. Valence theory can be seen as a subtype of dependency grammar (developed by the French Slavist L. Tesmere in the 1930s, familiar to Canadian readers through works by I. Mel'cuk of Montreal); in a dependency tree, unlike a Chomskyan phrase-structure tree, the verb is tlie 'top' node in a sentence, and its associated constituents hang down fiom it, the subject alongside all others.A by-product of the G-SC project was Pavica Mrazovic and Zora Vukadinovic's Gramatika srpskohrvatskogjezika za strance (Izdavacka knjizarnica Zorana Stojanovica, 1990), winch consistently uses valence theory to provide a detailed description of SC, valuable for learners and scholars alike.After his work on G-Polish and G-Romanian contrastive grammars at the Institut fin deutsche Sprache (Mannheim), Engel and associates decided in 2010 on a repuse of the GSC project, now titled G-Serbian to reflect the new division of South Slavic countries and languages.The first of the books under review, subtitled Der Satz 'the sentence,' exemplifies dependency-grammar concepts. The finite verb is the top node in the tree; it may be an auxiliary, and then the main verb in the form of an infinitive or participle is below (Je above hteo above ici in the example . …


Camelina ( Camelina sativa L.) is studied mostly as oil plant that can replace oilseed rape in the extensive agriculture. It is a good source of oil (40% oil in seeds) similar to sunflower, soybeans, canola, castor been and other oil crops. Oil of camelina is rich in essential omega 3 fatty acids. In addition, seed protein content is relatively high. Camelina has modest requirements for agro-ecological conditions and it is highly resistant to pathogens. Those features make camelina suitable for human nutrition and animal feed. Its use is related to sustainable agriculture, bio-diesel industry, cold-pressed oils and the use of so-called marginal land. Examination of its ability to uptake and accumulate heavy metals (HM) is interesting from the standpoint of 1) food safety and 2) potential for phytoremediation. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HM on uptake and accumulation of some essential macro- and micronutrients and unwanted HM. Experiments were done with Camelina sativa L., cultivar Stepski 1. The seeds were exposed to 1 µM Cd or Cu and 10 µM Ni or Zn since the beginning of germination. Plants were grown in water cultures, in semi-controlled conditions of a greenhouse, on ½ strength Hoagland solution to which were added HM in the same concentrations as during germination. Concentrations and distribution of Ca, Mg, P, K, Fe and Mn in roots and shoots were altered in the presence of increased concentration of Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn.


I n universities across the United States and in many other parts of the world, the biological sciences continue to enjoy a wonderful revolution. Everything has changed in the research laboratory, but it is likely that far less has changed in the classroom down the hall. The same detachment of


Copper (Cu) wire has been highlighted as a low cost material for use in thermosonic ball bonding for various package (PKG) groups. This wire has already been applied in high-end PKGs such as BGA, QFP and QFN in mass production, and the volume is feasible. Not only the advantage of a low cost material, but Cu wire has other merits which include higher electrical conductivity and a much slower inter-metallic compound (IMC) growth rate than Gold (Au) wire.


The multi-parametric data observed by the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and the Moderate Image Scanning Radiometer (MODIS) were applied to analyze the water distribution in the Philippine Archipelago to build a new radar imaging model. The SAR provides information on the surface structure of the water affected by various phenomena such as currents, internal waves, swells, surface winds, rain falls, natural films, and so on. One difficult parameter among them is the natural film, which exhibits a damping effect to the surface roughness from breaking waves to capillary ones. The chlorophyll-a concentration observed by satellite sensors such as MODIS provide estimates of the standing stock of phytoplankton, which is considered as the parameter estimating the standing stock of zooplankton. The standing stocks of phytoplankton and zooplankton could be a proportional parameter to the amount of the natural film. In this study, a frequency dependent multi-parametric equation was proposed to rebuild the surface roughness with various parameters in the spectrum domain. Possible validation study was conducted with the relationship between the sum of power spectrum for certain frequency range with chlorophyll-a concentration on the Mindanao Sea and the Surigao Strait.


Abstract : The concept pursued in this program of very high voltage FX (Flash X-ray) tube development involves the use of clean smooth field emission points in a moderate vacuum; an approach compatible with a quickly demountable tube. Points can be kept atomically clean and smooth by operation at 2400 K, and at 0.000001 torr the re-adsorption time for 1 monolayer is about 1 sec. Techniques were developed for heating isolated field emission points to high temperature within a tube envelope of low vapor pressure materials, capable of withstanding pulses of several megavolts. The experiments performed in accomplishing these goals and in studying tube performance are described. A rugged tube configuration capable of multi-shot performance at high levels has been achieved. The available information on photoneutron production pertinent to the 'flash' neutron application is sparse, and experiments were conducted during the program using a linear accelerator to provide data on both the bremsstrahlung and photoneutron yields at 6 MeV electron energy. A FX system concept is presented. (Author)


The present attempt is to review and compile updated information on various aspects of Lawsonia inermis (Linn), a plant used all over the world. This plant is commonly known as Henna or Mhendi and abundantly available in tropical and subtropical areas. Ancient history of India describes its diverse uses and also plays appreciable role in Ayurvedic or natural herbal medicines. Henna has been used cosmetically and medicinally for over 9,000 years. Traditionally in India, henna is applied to hands and feet. Henna symbolizes fertility. Its use became popular in India because of its cooling effect in the hot Indian summers. Henna leaves, flowers, seeds, stem bark and roots are used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments as rheumatoid arthritis, headache, ulcers, diarrhoea, leprosy, fever, leucorrhoea, diabetes, cardiac disease, hepatoprotective and colouring agent. Lawsonia inermis L. is a much branched glabrous shrub or small tree, cultivated for its leaves although stem bark, roots, flowers and seeds have also been used in traditional medicine. The plant is reported to contain carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, quinones, Coumarins, xanthones and fatty acids. The plant has been reported to have analgesic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, immunostimulant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, antitrypanosomal, antidermatophytic, antioxidant, antifertility, tuberculostatic and anticancer properties. It is now considered as a valuable source of unique natural products for development of medicines against various diseases and also for the development of industrial products. This review gives a bird's eye view mainly on the traditional uses, Phytochemistry and pharmacological actions of the plant.


The two books under review take very different approaches to explaining important aspects of contemporary India, but come to similar conclusions about its politics. The age of aspiration, by the veteran journalist and prolific author Dilip Hiro, is a collection of vignettes rather than a monograph in the classic sense; Why India is not a Great Power (yet), by the strategist Bharat Karnad, is a much more academic work, albeit a lively and often entertaining one, designed to try to change the minds of policy-makers in New Delhi.


Historiographically, the main tradition of interpreting the Old Germanic bracteates has been that developed by Karl Hauck in the late 1960s. Much contested by critics, Hauck's bracteate iconology has also influenced the way the runic legends that appear on the golden amulets are understood in much continental scholarship. This paper presents an alternative interpretation of such testimonies of early Nordic language based on a less‐ambitious approach to the decoration and associated epigraphy of the controversial migration‐period finds, grounding its analysis in a more explicitly theorized linguistic and semiotic hermeneutics.


(57) anti-neoplastic (tumor) taxol derivative is derived by selective oxidation of the alkene moiety of the side chain of the Abstract cephalomannine. Its derivatives also shows a cytotoxic activity against shows and malignant cells a high activity in promoting the assembly of micro-tubulin.


With massive high-dimensional data now common-place in research and industry, there is a strong and growing demand for more scalable computational techniques for data analysis and knowledge discovery. In this paper, we review scalable algorithms for learning statistical models on high-dimensional data. Especially, we introduce two techniques of lossless and lossy compressions. The first one is a method using grammar compression. Grammar compression is a lossless compression for texts and has been successfully applied to binary data matrices for scalable learning of statistical models. The second one is a method of lossy compressions named feature maps (FMs). Recently, quite a few number of FMs for kernel approximations have been proposed and have been used in practical applications. Those methods, of which we present a brief survey in this paper, open the door for large-scale analyses of massive and high-dimensional data.