AIM To study the pathological diagnosis and differ ential diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). METHODS Rou tine and immunohistochemical (P 53/P 21, HHF-35, vimentin, CD 34 ) examinations were performed on 50 patients with GIST. RESULTS Among the 50 cases, 34 were malignant, 10 broadline, and 6 benign, and GISTs were mostly in stomach and intestine (68%). The results of immunohistochemical examination showed that the type of smooth-muscle cell differentiation accounted for 46%; neurogenic differentiation, 18%; and the differentiation type of both smooth-muscle and neurogenic, 18%; the undifferentiated type, 24%. The muscle common actin HHF-35 was the most sensitive marker of smooth-muscle cell differentiation. The immunophenotype of undifferentiated stromal tumors was the positive vimentin and CD 34. P 53 and P 21 proteins could differentiate the benign and malignant GISTs. CONCLUSION Although the microscopic figures of GIST are similar, the immunophenotypes are heterogenous. Thus immunohistochemistry must be performed for accurate qualitative analysis.


Authorware is the leading multimedia development system.It is an excellent tool for interactive multimedia programming,production of multimedia courseware for the use of Authorware The Author conducted research on the production of courseware and put forward his understanding and views.


VI. Censorship & Government Employee Analysis ...........................................212 A. Pursuant to Official Duties...................................................................212 B. A Matter of Public Concern...................................................................217 i. Narrow View............................................................................217 ii. Broad View..............................................................................219 C. Unduly Disruptive: Balancing Test ......................................................222 i. Free Speech Rights of Chaplains ............................................222 ii. Government"s Interest .............................................................225 a. Historical Deference to Military..........................................228


Author(s): Hernandez, Lydia | Advisor(s): Yelon, Deborah | Abstract: Cardiac morphogenesis and skeletal muscle morphogenesis are critical developmental processes that require ongoing coordination and signaling between cells and the matrix of their surrounding environment. The extracellular matrix (ECM) itself is a complex and dynamic structure whose regulation is of the utmost importance to cell behavior. While it is well characterized that the ECM is essential for organogenesis, it is less known how ECM composition informs development. Here, we show that the transmembrane protein Tmem2 is an essential regulator of ECM organization during cardiac and skeletal muscle morphogenesis. In zebrafish, maternal and zygotic depletion of tmem2 renders embryos unable to form primitive heart tubes, whereas in muscle tissue this same loss results in destabilization of muscle fibers. In contrast, zygotic loss of tmem2 results in ectopic atrioventricular canal (AVC) differentiation. All three of these striking phenotypes are accompanied by disorganized and defective ECM deposition, reflecting an important role for Tmem2 in regulation of the extracellular environments that impact development. The molecular mechanism of Tmem2 function, however, is unclear. Our results identify the structural requirements for Tmem2 activity across multiple developmental roles. Further, our studies characterize disorganization of the ECM in tmem2 mutants. Finally, our findings support the model that Tmem2 directly influences ECM structure and composition in a context-dependent manner, while maintaining the possibility that Tmem2 can have additional mechanisms of activity.


Ranchin discusses the strengths and weakness of Lev Loseff's philological approach to his biography of Joseph Brodsky, which emphasizes Brodsky's works and his relationships with other poets in preference to his personal life.


Based on new seismic data acquired by Dalmorneftegeophysica JSC in 2010-2012 (Seismic Survey DRS CDP 108*, Gravity Survey, Magnetic Survey), an alternate interregional correlation scheme of basic unconformities was proposed and the age of sedimentary cover in the Chukchi, Easter-Siberian and Laptev Seas was proved. The delivered results give evidence of Late- Palaeozoic-Cenozoic age of the North Chukchi basin and Aptian-Cenozoic age of the Laptev Sea and Novosibirsk basins.


Organic Chemistry
The methane, ethane, and propane in natural gas are mostly inert under ambient conditions. Mainly they are burned to produce heat. Hu et al. show that a simple cerium salt paired with an alcohol can catalytically transform these and other simple hydrocarbons into reactive radicals at room temperature (see the Perspective by Kanai). The reactions rely on light to photolytically cleave cerium alkoxide bonds, producing alkoxy radicals that strip H atoms from the hydrocarbons and regenerate the alcohol. The resultant alkyl radicals readily add to azo compounds, olefins, and aromatics.

Science , this issue p. [668][1]; see also p. [647][2]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aat9750
 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aau5379


Objective A pig MODS model resulted from trauma was set up successfully with the complex factors of hemorrhagic shock, ischemia-reperfusion and endotoxin,and cytokines(VEGF, TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10) involved the mechanism of MODS was studied, as well as the influence of continuous blood purification (CBP) on major organ functions and cytokines. Methods Pigs were randomly divided into two groups: MODS+CBP group (CBP group) and MODS group without CBP (MODS group). Among MODS group, by exsanguinations 30%~45% of total blood, mean arterial pressure decreased to 50~60 mm Hg for 2 hours. The 60% of the let blood, equilibrium liquid and colloid were transfused back into pigs for resuscitation in 1.5~2 hours, an hour later, 100 μg/kg of endotoxin (E.coli O55:B5) was given via vein with 4~6 hours. High volume hemofiltration (HVHF) was performed an hour after endotoxin injection, lasting 16~18 hours. Heart and pulmonary function were monitored continuously and supported necessarily. Alive animals were sacrificed in 7th days. Blood samples were collected at every time points for peripheral blood cells count, arterial blood gas, blood biochemical parameters and cytokines which were used to judge if MODS happened by comparing with themselves. The morbidity and mortality of MODS were calculated, and the pathomorphology changes of major organs were observed. Serum VEGF concentrations were determined in pigs with MODS, and the relationships with peripheral blood cells count, arterial blood gas, blood biochemical parameters, and inflammatory factors. The functions of major organs, serum cytokines levels and mortality between CBP group and MODS group were observed. Results The morbidity and mortality of MODS were respectively 70% and 71.4%. The major feature in pathomorphology was inflammatory change non-specifically. Three organs failure was 57.1% and more than four was 42.9%. The incidence of single organ failure was 100% in both lung and gastrointestinal tract, and the high mortality happened in the heart failure and coagulation disorders. Serum concentrations of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly elevated after an hour of endotoxin injection. Serum VEGF levels increased in the periods of hemorrhagic shock and ischemia-reperfusion then decreased after endotoxin introduction. The variance tendency of serum VEGF levels was negatively correlated with that of serum AST, ALT,TBIL and Cr, as well as serum TNF-α、IL-6、(TNF-α+IL-6)/IL-10, which was positively correlated with PaO2/FiO2 and Plt counts. Serum VEGF levels in survivals were higher than deaths. In comparison to MODS group, PaO2/FiO2, AST, ALT and Cr of CBP group were higher, but TBIL and Plt were not obviously changed. Serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 decreased in the 3~7th hour, then gradually increasing. The serum concentration of VEGF of CBP group was higher than MODS group after CBP. The mortality was significantly lower than MODS group. Conclusions The MODS model analogizing the features of trauma could be successfully reproduced by complex factors, which has disequilibrium of SIRS/CARS. VEGF is closely related to organ dysfunction in MODS, and that SIRS could depress the expression of VEGF, and that VEGF may function as not a vascular permeability factor, but a protective factor. Earlier CBP could improve the functions of major organs, low the serum concentrations of inflammatory factors, facilitate the expression of VEGF and reduce the mortality of MODS.


This work presents results obtained from a study of case for H-55 Helicopter System Identification which was carried out by an implementation of Quad-M Methodology purposed for Jategaonkar. The implementation performed was based on Cruz et al whose works were developed in Centro Tecnico Aeroespacial (CTA). A comparison between Stability and Control Derivatives tables from these results and those from literature is performed for some important flight conditions. This comparison allows us to conclude about the reliability of the method, to present preliminary SCD tables for the studied aircraft and point to possible future works.


Purpose – It has been said that people's expectation towards their living space has been increased. They have a higher requirement not only for the facilities it provides, but also for the quality of property management services. Property management is now regarded as one of the important considerations of buyers in purchasing a property. This research paper aims to investigate the significance of the quality of property management to property buyers.Design/methodology/approach – ISO 9001 Certification and HKMA Quality Award (HKMAQA) are used as the measurement of the quality of property management. The paper used a hedonic price model to determine whether there is a relationship between property management and property price and the inference of property management on property price if there is such relationship. Seven private residential estates in Ma On Shan with similar locational characteristics were selected in the research.Findings – The empirical results show that property management has a signifi...


Recently, the I2–II–IV–VI4 (I = Cu, Ag; II = Ba, Sr; IV = Ge, Sn; VI = S, Se) materials family was identified as a promising source of potential new photovoltaic (PV) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) absorbers. These materials avoid the pitfalls of the successful photovoltaic semiconductors Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 and CdTe, as they do not contain scarce (In, Te) or toxic (Cd) elements. Furthermore, ionic sizes and coordination preferences are very different for the I, II, and IV cations in the I2–II–IV–VI4 family, providing an intriguing avenue to avoid intrinsic antisite disordering that limits efficiency improvement in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (where Cu and Zn can easily substitute for one another). Here, we experimentally and computationally explore alloys Cu2BaGe1–xSnxSe4 (CBGTSe, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1) to fine-tune the structural, optical, and electronic properties for the relatively large band gap (Eg = 1.91(5) eV) unalloyed compound Cu2BaGeSe4 (CBGSe). We show that CBGTSe maintains the P31 crystal structure type of the parent CB...


Describing sedentary lifestyle and occupation as risk factors for the development of chronic diseases in nurses of the Clinica Popular Nueva Esparta for the period November 2012 to April 2013. Method: It was a descriptive, crosssectional transversal study in a population composed of 92 professional nurses working in emergency service, preoperative, operating room,hospitalization, new born shelter, blood bank, Gastroenterology, epidemiology services and patient consultation of the Clinica Popular Nueva Esparta. As data collection instrument
there was used a questionnaire, which allowed to collect the necessary information
with the technique of the survey with a quantitative approach, information was
collected on systematically and analyzed the results by means of statistical procedures. Results: The same reflected the prevalence of low physical activity in most of the studied population, also observed a significant percentage of the population with a history of CVD and to DM2, similarly highlighted the discovery of musculoskeletal symptomathologies in significant proportions among the population of registered nurses. Conclusion: It is important to develop actions which have objective of promoting health with focus on the prevention of chronic diseases to be carried out in the own work environment.


The aim of the investigation was to study the possibilities of complex ultrasonography (using shear wave elastography and power Doppler mapping of the intrarenal vessels) for evaluation of the renal parenchyma as a method of early non-invasive diagnosis in children suffering from obesity and metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods. Kidney ultrasound examination was performed using portable digital ultrasound system ANGIODIN-Sono/PUltra (BIOSS, Russia). Forty-two children were examined using shear wave elastography of the renal parenchyma and power Doppler mapping for evaluation of intrarenal vessels. Results. Children with obesity and metabolic syndrome were found to have high frequency of registering renal blood flow types 2, 3, and 4 which characterize the decline in its intensity. According to shear wave elastography results, statistically significant differences in renal parenchymal stiffness were revealed in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome, children with metabolic syndrome and control group children (with normal body weight). Renal parenchymal stiffness value in children with obesity was likely to be higher (p>0.05) than in control group children. The revealed changes in renal parenchymal stiffness values in children with metabolic syndrome may speak of vasospasm on the capillary level (the glomeruli), which can be followed by remodeling of the glomerular wall, particularly, against the background of systemic arterial hypertension. This increases the risk of vicious cycle formation: ischemia of the renal parenchyma and activation of juxtaglomerular apparatus ↔ persistence and exacerbation of arterial hypertension. In children with obesity and metabolic syndrome, the mode of power Doppler with a standardized evaluation scheme provides the possibility to identify the intensity of renal blood flow due to high reproducibility of the technique. Conclusion. Complex use of modern renal ultrasound techniques (shear wave elastography + power Doppler mapping) gives the possibility to reveal the group of high cardiovascular risk in children with obesity.


The purpose of the study: to evaluate the vasoprotective efficacy of fixed triple antihypertensive therapy (AHT) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH). Material and methods of investigation: According to the protocol, the study included patients with I-III stages of hypertension (ESC/ESH 2018) of both sexes, without severe concomitant diseases and cardiovascular complications (acute myocardial infarction, CHF, cerebrovascular diseases, cardiac arrhythmias, diabetes), in the amount of 85 patients. The average age of patients was 57.5 ± 11.3 years, the average duration of AH was 11.6 ± 7.4 years. To all patients before treatment and 6 months after therapy office BP was measured using the Korotkov method. Vascular stiffness was determined by applanation tonometry using the SphygmoCor device (AtCor Medical, Australia); there were studied: central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), central diastolic blood pressure (cDBP), central pulse pressure (cPP), aortic augmentation (AA), aortic augmentation index (AIx), pulse wave velocity (PWV). According to obtained data, a conclusion was made about the state of arterial stiffness. The patients were prescribed fixed triple AHT in the form of a combination of perindopril/indapamide/amlodipine («Triplixam», Servier, France) in a daily dose of 5/1.25/5 mg to 10/2.5/10 mg. Results are presented as M ± SD. Results of the study: In general, a significant positive antihypertensive efficacy of fixed triple AHT was obtained. Analysis of indicators of central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness revealed a positive 6-month efficacy of fixed triple AHT. Thus, the cSBP index was initially 162.4 ± 29.4 mm Hg and in dynamics - 144.3 ± 17.6 mm Hg (p < 0.02); cPP index was 77.9 ± 22.3 mm Hg versus 61.3 ± 16.4 mm Hg, respectively (p < 0.02); AA index was 21.3 ± 25.1 mm Hg versus 15.6 ± 9.2 mm Hg, respectively (p < 0.05); the PWV indicator was 11.2 ± 2.8 m/sec versus 9.8 ± 2.5 m/sec, respectively (p < 0.02). At the same time, the PWV movement indicator reached the standard values. Conclusion: The high antihypertensive efficacy of 6-month fixed triple AHT provided a positive dynamic in the parameters of central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness in patients with AH.


An overview of the current thermal problems in transportation electrification supports the scientific advancements and trends of thermal management systems. While recent automobile companies are currently largely studying intelligent thermal management and control solutions, modern trends in employing various petroleum engines have a negative impact on climate change and global warming. For vehicle electrification to increase battery performance and longevity as well as vehicle efficiency, a thorough understanding of thermal concerns is required. This has been considered when designing the battery modules and packs for the pre-production model or manufacturing of Electric vehicles. Different component designs are getting better, and many problems are currently being resolved. Trade-offs can be made in terms of performance, usability, volume, cost, management, and safety. Thermal management and electrification of electric vehicles are thereby necessary. The research presented here discusses a proposed thermal management approach for battery-powered vehicles.


The ongoing normalization of digital connection has also increased the interest in digital disconnection research. The desire to disconnect is typically considered a critical reaction to the peculiar affordances and prerequisites of fully participating in digital society. While social and political potentials of disconnections as well as reasons to turn away from media are explored in various trajectories, we still know relatively little about the "what then" and "what else" of digital disconnection. In this article, we address this gap and investigate what stories are told and which imaginaries are invoked in order to commodify disconnection in an exemplary field of the growing disconnection industry, namely tourism. Drawing from interviews and analysis of online representations, we analyze how tourist marketers and accommodation providers in the Austrian province of Salzburg are communicating why people should use their vacation to disconnect and what they can expect to find once they are disconnected. Following our analysis, we identify three general themes of how disconnection is countered to living in deeply mediatized and highly connective times: (1) nature and authenticity, (2) (re-)connecting with the self, finding balance, and (3) connection to family/friends/local people. We conclude by discussing the broader implications of our analysis and what the identified ambivalences of disconnection suggest for further advancing disconnection research in the future.


[Objective]The ionic liquid(1-methylic-3-butyl imidazolium hydrogen sulfate) was prepared and the transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel catalyzed by the ionic liquid was studied.[Method]The effects of molar ratio of methanol to oil,reaction time,reaction temperature and ionic liquid dosage on the transesterification reaction and stability of the ionic liquid were investigated.[Result]The optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follows:molar ratio of methanol to oil of 14∶1,reaction time of 12 h,reaction temperature of 100 ℃,dosage of ionic liquid of 8% of the oil weight.The conversion rate of biodiesel reached 90% under the optimum reaction conditions.[Conclusion]The ionic liquid was stable and it could be used repeatedly.


Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is characterized by muscle weakness, myotonia, and multiple organ complications. Age of onset is very variable and is an important factor determining the clinical picture. The management is difficult due to the chronic course, the variability of symptoms, and the personality traits of myotonic dystrophy type 1 individuals. Annual follow-up is recommended, using a standardized protocol such as the Cardiff Myotonic Dystrophy Muscle Clinic Record. Furthermore, education of affected individuals and their relatives and active dissemination of management protocols are important.

Keywords:

myotonic dystrophy type 1;
management;
clinical features;
Cardiff protocol;
neuromuscular disease


A better understanding of hydrological processes in agricultural catchments is not only crucial to hydrologists but also helpful for local farmers. Therefore, we have built the freely-available web-based WALNUD dataset (Water in Agricultural Landscape – NUčice Database) for our experimental catchment Nučice (0.53 km2), the Czech Republic. We have included observed precipitation, air temperature, stream discharge, and soil moisture in the dataset. Furthermore, we have applied numerical modelling techniques to investigate the hydrological processes (e.g. soil moisture variability, water balance) at the experimental catchment using the dataset.

The Nučice catchment, established in 2011, serves for the observation of rainfall-runoff processes, soil erosion and water balance of the cultivated landscape. The average altitude is 401 m a.s.l., the mean land slope is 3.9 %, and the climate is humid continental (mean annual temperature 7.9 °C, average annual precipitation 630 mm). The catchment consists of three fields covering over 95 % of the area. There is a narrow stream which begins as a subsurface drainage pipe in the uppermost field draining the water at catchment. The typical crops are winter wheat, rapeseed, mustard and alfalfa. The installed equipment includes a standard meteorological station, several rain gauges distributed in the area of the basin, and an H flume to monitor the stream discharge, water turbidity and basic water quality indicators. The soil water content (at point scale) and groundwater level are also recorded. Recently, we have installed two cosmic-ray soil moisture sensors (StyX Neutronica) to estimate large-scale topsoil water content at the catchment.

Even though the soil management and soil properties in the fields of Nučice seem to be nearly homogeneous, we have observed variability in the topsoil moisture pattern. The method for the explanation of the soil water regime was the combination of the connectivity indices and numerical modelling. The soil moisture profiles from the point-scale sensors were processed in a 1-D physically-based soil water model (HYDRUS-1D) to optimize the soil hydraulic parameters. Further, the soil hydraulic parameters were used as input into a 3D spatially-distributed model, MIKE-SHE. The MIKE-SHE simulation has been mainly calibrated with rainfall-runoff observations. Meanwhile, the spatial patterns of the soil moisture were assessed from the simulation for both dry and wet catchment conditions. From the MIKE-SHE simulation, the optimized soil hydraulic parameters have improved the estimation of soil moisture dynamics and runoff generation. Also, the correlation between the observed and simulated soil moisture spatial patterns showed different behaviors during the dry and wet catchment conditions.

This study has been supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Technical University in Prague, grant No. SGS20/156/OHK1/3T/11 and the Project SHui which is co-funded by the European Union Project: 773903 and the Chinese MOST.


INHALATION anaesthesia in per-oral endoscopy presents obvious difficulties. These arise principally from (i) the necessity for the surgeon and the anaesthetist competing for the lion's share of the patient's respiratory passages, and (2) the difficulty of securing satisfactory control of the course of the anaesthesia under these circumstances. Local anaesthesia is more satisfactory from a purely materialistic point of view, but many surgeons and probably most patients prefer that an unconscious state be established during the examination. Further, to produce really satisfactory local anaesthesia for endoscopy calls for much patience and forbearance on the part of patient, surgeon, and anaesthetist during the preparation and the examination, and though it can be admitted that such qualities should never be lacking on these occasions, they are apt to become a little strained when four or five endoscopies are included in a morning's operating list, and the thorough local preparation of a case for bronchoscopy will occupy quarter of an hour. With a partial local preparation, rapidly executed (and therefore with little or no distress to the patient), and the subsequent use of pentothal sodium


. Violence against women is a human right violation and crime against humanity, which demands public attention, including the government and society. The eastern part of Indonesia, including Sorong Papua, is an area that in various aspects is considered to have a very high risk of domestic violence. This study applied qualitative method, in which the data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion, to explore understanding of domestic violence and its' complexity in Sorong, Papua, and to construct an effective and yet applicable model for the elimination of domestic violence in this area from the perspectives of local government, adat leader, church figures, NGO activists and women group. The results of this study indicate that the understanding of domestic violence is a result of interconnected violences that has been occurred in three areas, i.e. individual violence, cultural violence, and structural violence. This analysis of violence against women is also supported by the informants' views on its' complexity, in which this phenomenon is regarded as 'normal' because many women in Sorong have been experienced this violence for generations. Based on this understandings and analysis, the model for the elimination of domestic violence in Sorong should consists of interconnected programs on social services for the victims, cultural movements and developing policies that support the elimination of domestic violence.


Edward Said's Orientalism is a theory of the West's reconstruction of the East in its own system of thought. In analyzing this construction, Said made a discourse analysis that revealed how those who have power with the Foucauldian approach construct knowledge. According to Michel Foucault, those who have power build knowledge in discourse. In the media discourse established by the West which has power today, the East has a "crowded," "non-sterile," "backward," "irrational" image. The issue of women in orientalism is also important. Because the woman is among the most easily marginalized segments, the Oriental woman becomes an object. In fact, gender, culture, religion, ethnicity and geography are marginalized on women. The aim of this study is to examine the construction of Oriental woman in Western films in the context of Orientalism theory. Iraqi women in The Exorcist (1973) and Moroccan women in The Sheltering Sky (1990) were analyzed.


Surface ground motion was recorded for many of the Integrated Verification Experiments using standard 10-, 25- and 100-g accelerometers, force-balanced accelerometers and, for some events, using golf balls and 0.39-cm steel balls as surface inertial gauges (SIGs). This report contains the semi-processed acceleration, velocity, and displacement data for the accelerometers fielded and the individual observations for the SIG experiments. Most acceleration, velocity, and displacement records have had calibrations applied and have been deramped, offset corrected, and deglitched but are otherwise unfiltered or processed from their original records. Digital data for all of these records are stored at Los Alamos National Laboratory.


Plant sucrose transporters are tightly regulated at the post-translational level by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, redox-dependent oligomerization, endocytosis and recycling, and potentially also by association to membrane microdomains and protein-protein interactions (Krügel et al., 2008; Krügel et al., 2009; Liesche et al., 2010). Our aim is the identification of stimuli for the internalization of sucrose transporters, the elucidation of the role of dimerization, phosphorylation, and microdomain-association in transport activity. It is also the question whether concentration of sucrose transporters in membrane microdomains affect their lateral mobility. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments were performed in order to test the impact of sterol depletion or plasmolysis on lateral mobility of these membrane proteins. We identified a highly-conserved negatively charged amino acid motif by PCR-based site-directed mutagenesis as important for the transport activity at very low pH, of StSUT1 from Solanum tuberosum as well as of ZmSUT1 from Zea mays. Transport activity was measured electrophysiologically in Xenopus oocytes and by yeast complementation. Western blots revealed that StSUT1 homodimerization and dephosphorylation undergo diurnal oscillation (Krügel et al., 2013). The PhosPhat database helped in predicting potential phosphorylation sites within the StSUT1 amino acid sequence. Two serine residues with the highest prediction score have been replaced by either non-phosphorylatable amino acids (A) or residues mimicking constitutive phosphorylation (D). Yeast complementation strongly argues for an important function of one of these serine residues in phosphorylation-dependent regulation of StSUT1 sucrose transport activity. Further investigations will clarify whether activity-relevant mutations of ZmSUT1 and StSUT1 are related with changes in subcellular localization, oligomerization and/or the protein's concentration within certain membrane compartments. References Krügel, U., Veenhoff, L. M., Langbein, J., Wiederhold, E., Liesche, J., Friedrich, T., Grimm, B., Martinoia, E., Poolman, B. and Kühn, C. (2008) , Plant Cell 20(9): 2497-513. Correction (2009), Plant Cell 21(12): 4059-60. Krügel, U., Wiederhold, E., Pustogowa, J., Hackel, A., Grimm, B. and Kühn, C. (2013) Biochimie 95(11): 2132-44. Liesche, J., He, H. X., Grimm, B., Schulz, A. and Kühn, C. (2010) Mol Plant 3(6): 1064-74. Martiniere, A., Lavagi, I., Nageswaran, G., Rolfe, D. J., Maneta-Peyret, L., Luu, D. T., Botchway, S. W., Webb, S. E., Mongrand, S., Maurel, C. et al. (2012) , Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109(31): 12805-10. Ransom-Hodgkins, W. D., Vaughn, M. W. and Bush, D. R. (2003) , Planta 217(3): 483-9. Sun, Y., Lin, Z., Reinders, A. and Ward, J. M. (2012), Biochemistry 51(15): 3284-91. Cell wall constrains lateral mobility of membrane proteins: plasmolysis by sorbitol increases lateral mobility (diffusion coefficient D) and mobile fraction of StSUT1-GFP. This is in agreement with previous findings published by Martinière et al. (2013). Sterol depletion of the plant plasma membrane using methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MßCD) has no effect on lateral mobility of StSUT1-GFP. This indicates that association of membrane proteins to membrane rafts or microdomaisn plays inly a minor role for lateral mobility. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching 2% maltose 2% sucrose pDR196 StSUT1 StSUT1 S174D StSUT1 S174A StSUT1 S128A StSUT1 S128D Molecular model of StSUT1 based on LacY structure view from outside Asp308 Thr309 Asp310 His65 (His39 in LacY) Cys216 Cys220 Dephosphorylation of Serin 174 is important for StSUT1 activation High amounts of extracellular sucrose induce endocytosis of StSUT1-GFP Dimerisation and dephosphorylation of StSUT1 follow diurnal rhythms 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 S128 S174 S500 D310 D308 C216 C220 C226 Site directed mutagenesis of ZmSUT1


This paper goes beyond the current empowerment discourse in the SIGCHI community to address how we primarily focus on research and design contexts and technological contributions. It argues that existing literature on empowerment does not fully account for the complexity of marginalized communities, including factors such as poverty, lack of digital literacy, or access to technology, which can affect a community's decision to participate in research and their effectiveness during participation. The paper presents two provocations: 1) research must adopt methods of partnership that empower the community, and 2) researchers must consider how empowerment is sustained both within and outside of research and design settings and technological contributions. The paper concludes with a call to action for a holistic empowerment strategy within HCI to stimulate further discussion on empowering marginalized communities beyond research and design.


We present for the first time an optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) study of a hydrogen-related defect in silicon. The defect is present in hydrogenated boron-doped silicon single crystals, after room-temperature electron-irradiation. A spin-triplet (S=1) is shown to be the electronic state responsible for the observed ODMR spectrum. An angular dependence study of the ODMR spectrum reveals a C 2v defect symmetry. The defect model is discussed in terms of a di-hydrogen-vacancy complex. The role of this defect as an efficient recombination channel (presumably non-radiative) for the non-equilibrium free carriers is also demonstrated.


Previous reports saying that, the shrub, Clerodenrum viscosum Vent. has a number of important biological activities. Oxidative stress and inflammatory events trigger cardiovascular diseases (CVD), known as one of the major consequences in health problems. This study evaluated a possible clotlysis activity of C. viscosum leaf (MECVL). The hot MECVL undergone for antiradical (DPPH•: 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl radical), egg albumin protection and inhibition of hemolysis of human erythrocytes (HRBCs), and clotlysis analysis, taking ascorbic acid, acetyl salicylic acid and streptokinase as standards, respectively. Additionally, a preliminary phytochemical study was also conducted, suggesting the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, reducing sugars, and gums in MECVL. The MECVL concentration dependently scavenged the DPPH•, inhibited protein denaturation, protected HRBCs and caused clotlysis. In the DPPH assay, MECVL at 100 μg/mL scavenged DPPH radical by 47.1 ± 0.8%. The highest activity was observed at the highest concentration of the MECVL (500 μg/mL), with which it inhibited protein denaturation, protected HRBCs and caused clotlysis by 81.5 ± 0.1%, 89.4 ± 0.1% and 81.9 ± 4.8%, respectively. Although in all cases the standards exhibited better activities, but the effects of MECVL should be considered significant (p<0.05) in comparison to the negative control. The extract exhibited an anti-atherothrombosis capacity possibly via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and membrane stabilization pathways, recommending C. viscosum as a promising phytotherapeutic tool, especially on pathology of CVD.


The traditional education of engineers is dominated by technical issues and partly business knowledge. Management skills are required but rarely trained. On the one hand, there are many theories about leadership abilities, teamwork, decision-making processes and intercultural co-operation, and theoretical lectures are a common way to teach these theories and skills. But the results are not satisfying. Regarding to the university education this leads to the requirement to teach beside technical and methodological abilities as well social competencies. But on the other hand, there are very few ideas of teaching these abilities. However, the industry reflects an inability of the students to carry out management skills. Therefore, the author offers management courses within the engineering higher education, which are exceptional in that offering the training of management skills by the application of three different serious games. The first type of game deals with leadership abilities and teamwork. The second game is a business game training decision-making processes and consider downstream consequences. The firstly trained skills should also be applied during this second game. The third game deals with intercultural co-operation. They have to apply their already trained management skills as well. The management courses are compulsory and they are offered in bachelor and master degree courses for mechanical and civil engineers. The following paper offers an overview on these games and a comparison of the different tasks within the games related to the trained skills.


THIS is a selected list of glaciological litera ture on the scientific study of snow a nd ice a nd of their effects on the earth ; for the li terature on polar expeditions, a nd a lso on the "applied" asp ects of glaciology, such as snow ploughs, readers should consult the bibliographies in each issue of the Polar R ecord. For Russian material the system of transliteration used is that agreed by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names a nd the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use in 1947. R eaders can greatly assist by sending reprints of their publications to the Society, or by informing Dr J . W. Glen of publications of glaciological interest. It should be noted that the Society does not necessarily hold copies of the items in this list, and a lso tha t the Society does not possess facili t ies for microfi lming or photocopying .


Indonesia is a democratic country with freedom of speech being one of its pillars. Recently, freedom of opinion has shifted and changed shape, no longer in the context of the real world, but also in cyberspace. This was then used by a group of individuals to reach their target of getting mass people quickly and irresponsibly, one of them is using fake news. This fake news can create information that is consumed by the public unconsciously because of a lack of literacy culture. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to increase the awareness of the Indonesian government and society about the urgency of the danger of the spread of fake news, as well as the importance of using private data since people are now running in the era of gigantic databases. The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative research method with data and observation, with literacy studies in addition. This research expects the capability of the government in managing policies to improve digital literation for the people of Indonesia so that the spread of hoaxes can be minimized and suppressed.


Effect of duration of leaf wetness on incubation period and development of rice leaf blast revealed that a minimum of 12 hours of leaf wetness was required for infection and symptoms appeared within 7 days of incubation period. The incubation period decreased while disease severity increased significantly with increase in leaf wetness from 12 to 48 hours. A positive correlation between leaf wetness duration and disease severity was observed. Maximum increase in lesion length was recorded at 25°C followed by 20°C. Increase in lesion length was minimum at 10°C.


Thef3-adrenergic antagonist propranolol hasbeenfound toinhibit platelet aggregation. We investigated thepossibility thatpropranolol exerts this action bystimulating thesynthesis or enhancing theantiaggregatory activity ofprostaglandin (PG) 12.Themediafromcultures ofhuman endothelial cells inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, aneffect attributed toPGI2produc- tion bythecells. Whenendothelial cells wereincubated withdl- ord-propranolol, themediahadtwoto three times theinhibitory activity ofcontrol media. However, this increased activity was notdueto increased synthesis ofPGI2because control andpropranolol-treated cultures synthesized similar amountsofthePGI2metabolite, 6-keto-PGFM,. Instead, propranolol enhanced theantiaggregatory activity ofPGI2. Propranolol (1,M)andPGI2(0.05 nM),whentested separately, inhibited aggrega- tionby19%and13%,respectively, whereas thecombination inhibited aggregation by51%.PGI2 inhibited platelet aggregation andthromboxane (Tx)B2production butstimulated cyclic AMP forma- tion. Theadenyl cyclase inhibitor 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine (DDA)hadno effect ofits own on these parameters, butblocked theactions ofPGI2. Propranolol inhibited aggregation andTxB2synthesis without changing cyclic AMP levels. Unlike PGI2, propranolol's effects were notaltered byDDA. Whilethecombination ofpropranolol andPGI2inhibited aggregation toa greater extent thaneither agentalone, thisenhanced effect withthecombination didnotextend toTxB2or cyclic AMP production. Propranolol, PGI2, andthecombination inhibited TxB2synthesis toasimilar extent, and PGI2produced a similar increase incyclic AMP inthepresenceandabsence ofpropranolol. These findings indicate that propranolol andPGI2inhibit platelet aggregation through cyclic AMP-inde- pendent anddependent mechanisms, respectively. Whilepropranolol doesnotalter thesynthesis of PGI2, itenhances theinhibition ofaggregation byPGI2, andthis may contribute toitsantiplatelet effect.


Introduction Acute NIV reduces mortality from 20% to 10% when compared to standard care in decompensated respiratory failure in COPD1. BTS national audit data identified an increase in acute NIV-associated mortality 2013–2016, despite its increased use across acute trusts/hospitals since 2000. The NCEPOD report (2017) 'inspiring change' highlighted areas where delivery of acute NIV could be optimised to reduce mortality. A key recommendation is for NIV delivery within environments with minimum safe levels of staff competencies (45.4% hospitals NIV delivered by non-NIV competent staff). Objectives and methods Trust-wide monthly NIV training with incorporated competency self-assessments were introduced from 2017 across two sites. NIV is primarily delivered on wards in this trust. Training included 6 hours of lectures and simulation delivered by NIV nurse lead (critical care background). Local audit data from 2017 were compared to 2019 and NCEPOD data to see if there was an objective improvement in standard of care delivered, and whether this correlated with an increase in nursing competency levels and self-assessment scores. Specifically NCEPOD recommendations 12&13 focusing on nursing care (documentation of vital signs/ventilation settings and using a standardised pro-forma) were examined by collecting data in both 2017&2019 BTS audit periods for all acute NIV episodes identified through coding. 232 non-NIV competent nurses completed self-assessment (score 0–10) before and after training in 'using NIV' and 'analysing arterial blood gases' (ABGs). Results After one year of training days, 49% non-NIV competent nurses, had attended training. Confidence scoring results showed significant improvement in both using NIV (3.5 increased to 8/10) and analysing ABGs (4.9 increased to 7.9/10) p-value=0.03. Local audit (2019) showed significantly higher levels than NCEPOD data for recommendation 13 p-value=0.002. Conclusions Investing specialist time in training nurses delivering NIV care outside the critical care environment has increased confidence and standards of care for NCEPOD NIV recommendations 12&13. Further work is required to evaluate the impact this makes upon other recommendations such as mortality, reducing inappropriate NIV prescribing and ensuring early initiation of NIV. Reference Plant PK, et al. Early use of NIV for acute exacerbations of COPD on general respiratory wards: multicentre RCT. Lancet 2000 June 3;355(9219):1931–5.Abstract P39 Table 1 2019 result of audit of NCEPOD recommendations 12 and 13 in 2017 and 2019 Trust 2017 (%) n=45 Trust 2019(%) n=29 NCEPOD 2017 (%) n=678 p-value comparing 2019 Data with NCEPOD 2017 Hourly vital signs documented: (NCEPOD recommendation 12) 80 80 67 p-value>0.05 Ventilator settings documented: (NCEPOD recommendation 13) 69 80 49 p-value= 0.002 Using a standardised pro forma: (recommendation 13) 90 86 69 p-value>0.05


- Apply new technologies to extend the life of elderly infrastructure - Improve degradation and structural models to develop more realistic life cycle cost and safety models - Investigate new const ...


Existing laws for assembly of vehicles powered by pressurized gas This report has been created in the scope of the FFI project FACECAR (FFI = Fordonsstrategisk Forskning och Innovation, FACECAR = Flexible Assembly for Considerable Environmental improvements of CAR's). The Swedish automotive industry is rapidly changing into producing new environmental friendly drivelines. In order to create efficient production systems all these drivelines has to be assembled in one very flexible assembly line. The rulemaking concerning safe handling of compressed explosive gases and liquids consists of a great number of national laws, regulations and standards as well as directives and standards on a European level. Even though the Swedish automotive manufacturers already have been selling vehicles with pressurized gas they do not have the experiences to produce them in the normal assembly line. Therefore there is a need of support to understand the rulemaking fully. This report is a short summary and overview of the legislative situation concerning the safety aspects in handling pressurized flammable gas and liquids. On EU level it is both the Work environment directive and the directive for equipment intended for explosive environment that are the steering documents. On national Swedish level there are many rules, regulations and directives that are applicable. Many of them have overlapping information which makes it more complicated to fully understand the legal situation. A lot of different authorities are involved which also makes the situation hard to overview. A schematic flow overview is included in the end of this report to support the understanding of the influence from the different requirements.


The fire-resistant performance of recycled concrete member was studied to further promote the application of recycled concrete.Two concrete tubular structure models with different concrete strengths were designed and tested under both vertical load and high temperature according to the standard heating curve in the test furnace.The two models were made from recycled concrete with both the coarse and fine aggregate replacement rate of 100%.Their recycled concrete was specified as C20 and C30,respectively.The fire endurance,temperature field,failure characteristic,wall deflection and vertical displacement were comparatively analyzed.The recycled concrete temperature field of the specimens was also simulated by running ABAQUS software and they agreed well with the experimental results.Results show that with the increase of the strength of recycled concrete,fire endurance and fire resistance of the tubular structure decrease and the structure tends to fail in expansion under high temperature.


ABSTRACT CHROMagar Salmonella (CAS), a new chromogenic medium, was retrospectively compared to Hektoen enteric agar (HEA) with 501Salmonella stock isolates and was then prospectively compared to HEA for the detection and presumptive identification ofSalmonella spp. with 508 stool samples before and after enrichment. All stock cultures (100%), including cultures of H2S-negative isolates, yielded typical mauve colonies on CAS, while 497 (99%) isolates produced typical lactose-negative, black-centered colonies on HEA. Following overnight incubation at 37°C, a total of 20 Salmonella strains were isolated from the 508 clinical samples. Sensitivities for primary plating and after enrichment were 95% (19 isolates) and 100% (20 isolates), respectively, for CAS and 80% (16 isolates) and 100% (20 isolates), respectively, for HEA. The specificity of CAS (88.9%) was significantly higher than that of HEA (78.5%; P < 0.0001). On the basis of its good sensitivity and specificity, CAS medium can be recommended for use for primary plating when human stool samples are screened for Salmonella spp.


Abstract The authors conducted in-depth interviews with 12 of the founders and significant contributors of solution-focused therapy and three internationally known therapists with close associations to the Brief Family Therapy Center, where solution-focused therapy initially developed. From these interviews, the authors identified conditions that supported the founders' work. They discuss their findings in relation to creativity and therapeutic theory development.


We report results of a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) effort of turbulent compressible nonpremixed reactive jets. It is well known that there are several difficulties associated with compressible reactive flows in comparison with incompressible flows. In incompressible flows, the energy and mass conservation (for constant density flows) equations are decoupled from the velocity field. Moreover, the subgrid terms that are required in these flows need only provide with the deviatoric part of the subgrid contributions. The isotropic part can be absorbed in the pressure term. In reacting incompressible flows, one can also avoid the need to integrate the conservation equations for mass and energy by using a conserved scalar approach. In this case, both temperature and density are determined from a state relationship that is known beforehand. On the other hand, for compressible reacting flows one is not allowed to discard the energy and mass conservation equation since acoustics and in some cases shocks coexist with heat release. In the present investigation we use the totally conservative formulation in terms of total sensible energy. Other forms of the energy equation require closure for pressure velocity correlations, [1]. This is not requited in the total sensible energy form, although some other correlations are needed, notably, those between enthalpy and mass fractions of species. Furthermore, we are interested in using local subgrid models. The advantages of this kind of approach are self evident, specially in complex geometries. The results discussed in this abstract are obtained with the stretched vortex model for turbulent transport [2], scalar transport [4] and subgrid scalar variance [3]. Here, we consider a model problem of a turbulent planar nonpremixed reacting jet. The modeling assumptions are described next, followed by some preliminary results.


The objective of this paper is to review in a critical way the relationship between the clinical and the epidemiological methods, their conjugation in the so called clinical epidemiology and the possibilities they provide for the health problems resolution. A documentary review on this topic was made, and some of the significant results were the validity of both methods for health research and the implementation of the clinical epidemiology procedures, as a less developed discipline, particularly at domestic


A relation is found between the rate of convergence of the coefficients in the recurrence formula for polynomials orthogonal on a segment of the real line and certain properties of the spectral function. The techniques of Banach algebras and scattering theory are used. The close connection between polynomials orthogonal on the unit circle and polynomials orthogonal on the real line is exploited.


We explore an electrostatic mechanism for tuning the nonlinearity of nanomechanical resonators and increasing their dynamic range for sensor applications. We also demonstrate tuning the resonant frequency of resonators both upward and downward. A theoretical model is developed that qualitatively explains the experimental results and serves as a simple guide for design of tunable nanomechanical devices.


In this paper,questionnaires and other research methods are used to study the part of Shanghai's general female college students to participate in physical exercise motivation in order to find out influence factor,put forward reform measurements based on female college students' self-exercise characteristics and habit and provide the reference for perfecting college sport culture development in Shanghai.


OBJECTIVE To assess the method and reliability of the platysma myocutaneous flap with posterior based pedicle for defects in the region of parotid gland and masseter muscle.METHODS The clinical data of 6 patients who were reconstructed with platysma myocutaneous flap with posterior based pedicle for defects in the region of parotid gland and masseter muscle from 2006 to2007 were studied. The blood supply and design of the flap,the keys in operation and the outcome after operation were also discussed.RESULTS All the patients were followed up from 2 months to one year.The color of the platysma myocutaneous flap was matched with the facial skin.All the operation results were satisfied. CONCLUSION Platysma myocutaneous flap has abundant blood supply.The operation is easy and reliable.It is suitable for reconstruction of the defects in parotid gland and masseter muscle region.


Turner examines geographic areas of opportunity, fields of study, and the impact of economic downturns. Pusser describes the nature of the tension between public and private values and poses questions about how to ensure that higher education contributes to the public good. He raises strong concerns about maintaining higher education as a key site of access to leadership positions and to greater civic involvement. These concerns about preserving public purposes in a new environment require attention. In "Practice," chapters provide one case study of a for-profit university and examine two types of entrepreneurial activity in which traditional institutions engage. Breneman provides a very well balanced analysis of strengths and weaknesses of the University of Phoenix as a poster child for the for-profit sector in areas including academics, governance, ethics, and economics. Dudley, Doane, and Pusser examine the summer sessions of public flagship institutions as an entrepreneurial component in which revenue and academic imperatives are balanced close to the academic core of the institution. Fisher analyzes the challenges for traditional institutions in exploiting new instructional technologies that are likely to be work facilitators but not necessarily economic facilitators in the short term. In "Political Economy," two chapters address aspects of the environment in which institutions operate. Ortmann examines why Wall Street fell in love with the large for-profit universities that have built a market for themselves operating in the shadow of not-for-profit institutions. He finds for-profit university patterns to be relatively congruent with modern economic and managerial theories of firms and markets. In the final chapter, Pusser and Wolcott examine the political history of college lobbying including contributions to political action committees and to candidates, the convergence and divergence of not-for-profit and for-profit lobbies on various political issues, and implications for not-for-profit institutions of the pending ascension of higher education markets and competitive forces. The authors are optimistic that the not-for-profit sector can be a sleeping giant that is awakening to a new set of realities. Back in the first "Theory" chapter, Breneman concludes with a number of implications and areas for future research: (a) the impact of market orientation on various curricula including teacher education; (b) problematic aspects of the convergence between the two sectors following the adoption of commercial behavior in the not-for-profit sector; (c) identification of areas of increased convergence versus increased stratification; (d) the extent to which competition leads to the best level and distribution of educational attainment; and (e) the extent to which increased competition translates to increased efficiency in a mixed market. A strength of this volume is its focus on entrepreneurial activity in both sectors of higher education given the tendency of most research to focus on one sector or the other. It contributes to an understanding of the for-profit sector, the parts of not-for-profit higher education institutions that most directly overlap or compete, and the impacts of increasing market orientation on the whole higher education enterprise—all areas in which more empirical study is needed. Also, as the for-profit sector grows and evolves, new foci of interest rapidly emerge and deserve extended attention. In the past year, for example, venture ownership (private companies holding colleges as an investment) has become a more prominent form of ownership with different implications than publicly traded corporate status. Development of a classification scheme applicable to for-profit colleges can also help provide a more refined picture of the for-profit sector. An essay outlining a possible classification— based on geographic scope, ownership, and degree level—has recently appeared (Kinser, 2007). What we especially need is more examination of the implications of these patterns for different types of institutions and for national and state level public policies (Floyd, 2005).


Objectives The aim of this study was to perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the clinical efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Methods We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Ovid, and Chinese Biological Medicine databases up to June 30, 2016. We also manually searched the articles from reference lists of the retrieved articles, which used the NPWT system in studies of vacuum-assisted closure therapy. Studies were identified and selected, and two independent reviewers extracted data from the studies. Results A total of eleven randomized controlled trials, which included a total of 1,044 patients, were selected from 691 identified studies. Compared with standard dressing changes, NPWT had a higher rate of complete healing of ulcers (relative risk, 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–1.76; P<0.001), shorter healing time (mean difference, −8.07; 95% CI: −13.70– −2.45; P=0.005), greater reduction in ulcer area (mean difference, 12.18; 95% CI: 8.50–15.86; P<0.00001), greater reduction in ulcer depth (mean difference, 40.82; 95% CI: 35.97–45.67; P<0.00001), fewer amputations (relative risk, 0.31; 95% CI: 0.15–0.62; P=0.001), and no effect on the incidence of treatment-related adverse effects (relative risk, 1.12; 95% CI: 0.66–1.89; P=0.68). Meanwhile, many analyses showed that the NPWT was more cost-effective than standard dressing changes. Conclusion These results indicate that NPWT is efficacious, safe, and cost-effective in treating DFUs.


Recent advances in extraction have increased the supply of natural gas and increased the relative price difference between it and alternative fuels.  However, natural gas is not available in many rural areas forcing poultry producers unable to access natural gas to use more expensive fuels. This paper determines the least cost appliance system and fuel source for heating a broiler chicken barn in Ontario, Canada. The empirical model estimates the amount of heat required for poultry production, selects appropriate heating appliances and fuel types, and calculates the final present value of costs over a 20-year period. Appliances examined include box heaters, radiant tube heaters and biomass boilers; fuels examined include natural gas, propane, heating oil and biomass.  Natural gas is the least cost fuel for both box heaters and radiant tube heaters assuming there is an existing connection to a gas pipeline.  However, natural gas heating systems become the most expensive approach if the poultry operator has to pay for a pipeline connection to the gas source. With no direct connection for natural gas, biomass boilers are the most cost efficient heating system, followed closely by radiant tube heaters fuelled by propane. Heating oil is the most expensive fuel examined and its costs are nearly double that for comparable box heaters and radiant tube heaters using propane.


Abstract Background The present study aimed to compare the protein profiles between paired samples of cervical cancer and paracancerous tissue and to identify a series of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) through quantitative proteomics. Methods The DEPs were identified through proteomic profiles of three paired samples of cervical cancer (CC) and paracancerous tissue and through IHC examination in the CC tissue arrays. The lentiviral particles containing DUSP7 gene were transfected into SIHA cells (DUSP7-SIHA). CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay and transwell migration assay were used to evaluate the ability of cell proliferation, cell clone formation, cell migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin in the target cells. Results The decreased expression of DUSP7 (P = 0.045 and 0.044, respectively) and increased expression of PLD1 (P = 0.046 and 0.028, respectively) were significantly associated with a tumor size >2cm and parametrial infiltration. The decreased expression of DUSP7, and increased expression of PLD1 were adversely related to patients' relapse (P = 0.003, 0.040, and 0.001, respectively) and survival (P = 0.034, 0.001, and 0.006, respectively). The DUSP7-SIHA cells proliferated slower than NC-SIHA cells, based on a clear delay in the doubling time (47.72±1.14 h vs. 23.99±0.47 h, P = 0.0001). Cell cycle analysis indicated that the DUSP7-SIHA cells displayed a concomitant decrease in the percentage of cells in S phase (37.71±0.53% vs. 46.96±0.59%, P  Conclusions The biological function of DUSP7 was possibly achieved through dephosphorylation of the ERK1/2 and inactivation of the RAS pathway. Legal entity responsible for the study Beijing Chaoyang Hospital. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


As a result of technological progress in recent years, a new challenge was passed onto decorative hard coatings. While enhancing the appearance and lending attractive coloration to surfaces, the films are supposed to provide scratch resistance, protection against corrosion and durability. For this work, TiN(O) and TiN(C,O) thin films were prepared. Within the TiN(O) system, film colours varied from the glossy golden type for low oxygen contents to dark blue for higher oxygen contents. In order to reach darker colours (black), TiN(C,O) thin films were deposited, and results revealed the possibility to deposit very dark black films. All these results have been analysed and are presented as a function of both the deposition parameters and the particular composition and crystalline phases present in the films.


We address the problem of passive estimation of the Time-Difference of Arrival (TDOA) of an unknown, stochastic signal, at two sensors. The key question addressed here is whether additional sensors, receiving the same signal at various relative delays, can serve to improve the accuracy in estimating the TDOA of interest between the first two sensors (without exploiting any underlying parameterization, such as dependence on the transmitter's location). We derive the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) on the resulting joint estimation error in a model which possibly includes multipath reflections. We show analytically, that in a multipath-free scenario, at high to moderate Signal to Noise Ratios, additional sensors do not offer any improvement in accuracy. However, we also demonstrate (numerically) that in the presence of multipath reflections (possibly received at all sensors), the additional sensors can indeed assist in estimating the TDOA of interest with improved accuracy.


I. Basic Act on the Formation of an Advanced Information and Telecommunications Network Society II. Electronic Signature III. Private Electronic Certification Service IV. Electronic Certification Services based on the Commercial Registry V. Electronic Notary VI. Law Amending Certain Statutes Requiring the Delivery of Writing VII. Unfair Competition Act and Domain Names VIII. Unauthorized Computer Access Act 1. Unauthorized Computer Access 2. Assist to Unauthorized Computer Access


Since reform and opening, water conservancy and hydropower construction industry become more competitive. Water conservancy and hydropower project construction involve a wide range, which is an extremely complex and comprehensive process. It coupled with the production flow of water conservancy and hydropower projects, structure type, quality requirements, construction methods, construction period, and the natural conditions in different situations, which all directly affect the construction quality of the project. This article outlines the construction of water conservancy and hydropower project management features, and discussed ways and means of quality control.


Objective To set up a method for the quantitative determination of bacterial endotoxins in cefpirome sulfate for injection in order to replace the pyrogens test. Methods The limit value of bacterial endotoxin in the cefpirome sulfate was defined according to the turbidimetric kinetic method for the determination of bacterial endotoxin described in the Appendix of the Volume Ⅱof the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China,2005 edition.The interference of cefpirome sulfate for injection with the limulus reagent was also studied to determine whether the bacterial endotoxin test was suitable for the drug. Results Cefpirome sulfate for injection in several concentrations used in the quantitative determination of bacterial endotoxin showed no interference with the limulus reagent.The rate of recovery of bacterial endotoxin was between 50%-200%. Conclusion It was shown that cefpirome sulfate can be quantitatively determined with the bacterial endotoxin test.


Objectives
The objective of this study was to evaluate the habit of consuming minimally processed foods and the risk of cancer of the mouth, larynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx in three Brazilian states.

Methods
A multicenter case-control study integrating InterCHANGE, which patients with cancer of the mouth, larynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx in Vitória, São Paulo and Goiânia states of Brazil. Was analyzed the sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and consumption of minimally processed.

Results
We evaluated 2584 subjects (847 cases and 1737 controls).The higher the consumption of minimally processed foods, the lower the risk of cancer of the oral cavity.The consumption of apples and pears on every day decreased the chance by 66% (OR 0.34, CI95% 0.17-0.71). Likewise, individuals who consumed citrus fruits reduced the risk by up to 66%. Consumption of fresh tomatoes every day decreased the chance of oral cavity cancer by 72% (OR 0.28, CI95% 0.14-0.56).Consumption of bananas every day (OR 0.23, CI95% 0.09-0.55) decreased the odds of oropharyngeal cancer by 77% compared to those who never eat them.The higher the consumption of apples and pears, the lower the chance of laryngeal cancer, and consumption on most days and every day decreased the chance by 74% (OR 0.26, CI95%0.10-0.66).Consumption of broccoli, cabbage, or collard greens daily decreased the chance of laryngeal cancer by 80% (CI95% 0.06-0.66).Consumption of broccoli, cabbage, or collard greens 1 to 2 times/week decreased the chance of having hypopharyngeal cancer by 69% (OR 0.31, CI95% 0.11-0.87). Likewise, carrot consumption decreased the odds of this tumor by 86% (OR 0.14, CI95% 0.04-0.44).

Conclusions
Even after multiple analyses with highly recognized risk factors for head and neck cancer, the consumption of minimally processed foods decreased the risk of developing this type of tumor, especially the consumption of apples and pears, citrus fruits, fresh tomatoes, bananas, broccoli, cabbage, collard greens, carrots and fresh fruits. Public promotion is essential to facilitate access to minimally processed foods to strengthen the environments that promote healthy behavior.

Funding Sources
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).

Supporting Tables Images and/or Graphs


We have completed computer simulations that model shock effects in the venusian atmosphere caused during the passage of two cometlike bodies 100 m and 1000 m in diameter and an asteroidlike body 10 km in diameter. Our objective is to examine hypervelocity-generated shock effects in the venusian atmosphere for bodies of different types and sizes in order to understand the following: (1) their deceleration and depth of penetration through the atmosphere; and (2) the onset of possible ground-surface shock effects such as splotches, craters, and ejecta formations. The three bodies were chosen to include both a range of general conditions applicable to Venus as well as three specific cases of current interest. These calculations use a new multiphase computer code (DICE-MAZ) designed by California Research & Technology for shock-dynamics simulations in complex environments. The code was tested and calibrated in large-scale explosion, cratering, and ejecta research. It treats a wide range of different multiphase conditions, including material types (vapor, melt, solid), particle-size distributions, and shock-induced dynamic changes in velocities, pressures, temperatures (internal energies), densities, and other related parameters, all of which were recorded in our calculations.


The rapid development of computer networks in the past decades has created many security problems related to malware on network systems. Malware can create successful attempts to cause the damage to the computer networks by unauthorized malwares. From the previous research we have found that it is easy to classify the known malware attack, but quite difficult to detect new malware and modify anomalous malware attack. The huge amount of data is due primarily to malware author's polymorphism. In order to effectively examine such data, all malware data belonging to the same family (class) should be found. In our case, it analyses the behaviour of data, and then this data is considered as normal based on the built model behaviour. Most of the existing malware classification systems rely heavily on human analysts to measure Log loss to differentiate between malware. With the increase in network traffic, manual work by humans in the classification system is a non-trivial problem. Thus, machine learning techniques are fast emerging, where we can train the system and even detect anomaly attacks. Microsoft Kaggle dataset has been used to train the model. Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and XGBoost Classifier are used. Keywords— Machine Learning, Malware, Malware Classification, Microsoft Kaggle Dataset, XGBoost Classifier, Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbor, Logistic Regression, LogLoss --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 14-12-2020 Date of Acceptance: 28-12-2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


In this study it is argued that conflicting empirical results on the relationship between technical efficiency and education may be in part attributable to difficulties in the measurement of key variables. Calculation of technical efficiency with three alternative frontier methods for a sample of Guatemalan corn farms resulted in significant differences both in the average technical efficiency of the sample and the efficiency rankings of individual farms. Furthermore, following two-step procedures where technical efficiency is regressed against a set of explanatory variables, it is shown that the choice of efficiency measurement technique can alter the importance of education as a contributing factor to increased technical efficiency. An alternative approach is presented for investigating the relationship between education and efficiency while accounting for difficulties in the measurement of conceptual variables and measurement errors.


The maintenance and inspection of DC generator and regulator aren't so difficult, so people don't pay much attention to their use and maintenance, which cause the failures very often and have serious influence on the production. In the light of this actual situation, this paper introduces in detail the concrete maintenance procedures, and puts forward corresponding inspection methods for these failures.


This research is a study on AGV navigation system which is based on GPS/DR information fusion,and aims to achieve high-precision and real-time location of walking AGV,and ensure accurate navigation of AGV along the preset orbit.GPS positioning signal will be filtered by application of Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain relatively precise GPS positioning signal,then the result will be combined with the encoder information to obtain high-precision positioning data.A group of positioning data curves,depicting GPS,DR positioning data separately,and positioning data of GPS/DR fusion filter have been provided.By comparison,the dynamic filter on the smoothness of the final positioning data plays a key role,smoothness increasing by 50% with dynamic filtering.GPS/DR integrated navigation system applying two-stage filtering provides real-time,stable and reliable positioning data.


This study aimed at determining the nutritional efficiency of Kikuyu grass, when it is cultivated at different altitudes and defoliated with a different number of leaves per tiller. Four farms, with Kikuyu crops (Cenchrus clandestinus), were selected, two in an average altitude of 2,552 m.a.s.l. and two in average altitude of 2,914 m.a.s.l. In each farm, there were established eight plots of 4 m2 each (four treatments, two replicates). For 10 months, the pastures were defoliated when they presented 4, 5, 6, and 7 leaves per tiller (treatments) at 5 cm above ground when 90% of the tillers reached the number of leaves corresponding to each treatment. Data were analyzed as serial experiments using a completely randomized block (farms) design with an analysis of variance. The leaf appearance interval was higher for the highest altitude (8 vs. 10 days) but vary among treatments at a lower altitude (P<0.05). Pastures at higher altitudes were shorter (8.9 vs. 13.5 cm), but its height varied among treatments depending on the altitude (P<0.001). The quality of the pastures was similar, except for the ones with seven leaves per tiller at 2,552 m.a.s.l. that had less protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility (P<0.01). The nutrient yield was higher for the pastures cultivated at 2,552 m.a.s.l. (P<0.001), and, at this altitude, pastures defoliated with five leaves had the largest nutrient yield. The Kikuyu cultivated at higher altitudes grows slowly and yield fewer nutrients independently of the number of leaves per tiller.


The idea of loosely coupled machines with a common purpose has become a staple in many academic and research institutions. In terms of parallel computing, it presents a viable alternative to classic approaches. We consider a model of a parallel computing environment using the ideas from loosely coupled systems such as those found in clusters, swarms, or neural systems. We primarily describe in this paper the nature of the processing and the organization of memory in an asynchronous parallel plastic multiprocessing system. The ideas presented are based on a mathematical formulation of sequences of symbols representing sensor output originating from some phenomena. If multiple sequences are processed, then signal fusion issues arise, which we consider. We also describe how data are processed and results are reported. We use simple examples to illustrate these ideas.


As basic categories of ideological and political education are the part and parcel of the category system in ideological and political education,the scientific and rational division of the logic structure system of basic categories in ideological and political education has become a basic research project in ideological and political education.In this paper,the logic structure system of basic categories in ideological and political education should,as is opined,be an interrelated and interactional stereoscopic dynamic structure advancing from simplicity to complexity and from abstractness to concreteness and composed of the starting category,the central category,the intermediary category,the process category and the terminal category.


Non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) has led to interesting physics and sophisticated applications beyond the conventional framework. However, NHSE studies have been limited to an individual dimension due to the difficulty of constructing nonreciprocal coupling in higher-dimensional systems. With the concept of synthetic dimension, we realize two-dimensional (2D) NHSE in a synthetic photonic lattice. The synthetic photonic lattice is composed of a spatial dimension and a synthetic frequency dimension, which is constructed by introducing gain and loss and dynamically modulating the complex refractive index in a one-dimensional ring-resonator array. In the synthetic 2D NHSE system, we can manipulate the spatial position and frequency mode of the light in real time, thus enabling programmable light propagation and frequency conversion. Specifically, the incident light can be localized in the spatial dimension and the frequency dimension simultaneously, leading to second-order corner modes in the synthetic 2D NHSE lattice. Besides, the 2D NHSE system exhibits an excellent robustness for the disorder and point defect in the lattice. This work generalizes the non-Hermitian skin effect in synthetic dimension to control the light in different dimensions, which shows great promise for potential applications in on-chip light manipulation, frequency synthesis, and information processing.


This paper presents our preliminary results on regular meshes in which all faces have the same size and all vertices have the same valence. A regular mesh is denoted by (n, m, g) where n is the number of the sides of faces, m is the valence of vertices and g is the genus of the mesh. For g = 0, regular meshes include regular platonic solids, all two sided polygons. For g = 1 regular meshes include regular tilings of infinite plane. Our work shows that there exist infinitely many regular meshes for g > 1. Moreover, we have constructive proofs that describe how to create high genus regular meshes that consist of triangles and quadrilaterals (3, m, g) and (4, m, g).


The definition of stem cell is "an unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell". Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst stage embryos. Somatic stem cells differentiate into only the cells the specific tissue wherein they reside. Stem Cell is the original of life. All cells come from stem cells. [The Journal of American Science. 2005;1(2):90-92].


An embodiment and a method of operating an IPG comprising: Generating a variable anode voltage for a first circuit to deliver power to the pulse generation, wherein the first circuit is programmable to produce an anode voltage from a plurality of voltages in response to a control signal; Providing the anode voltage to a first circuit node; Operating a transistor to control the current flow between the first circuit node and an output of the IPG, wherein the transistor has a gate-to-source breakdown voltage; Generating held at a voltage level of a first supply signal, which is equal to the anode voltage plus / minus a predetermined size and selectively applying the first feed signal and a second feed signal to a gate of the transistor, to connect the first circuit node in a circuit path with the output of the IPG or separate.


Suppose there is a message generated at a node v in a network and v decides to pass the message to one of the neighbors u, and u next decides to pass the message to one of its own neighbors, and so on. How to relay the message as far as possible with local decisions? To the best of our knowledge no general solution other than randomly picking available adjacent node exists. Here we report some progress. Our first contribution is a new framework called [t,p]-separate chain decomposition for studying network structures. Each [t,p]-separate chain induces a ranking of nodes. We then prove that the ranks can be locally and distributively computed via searching some stable states of certain dynamical systems on the network and can be used to search long paths of a guaranteed length containing any given node. Numerical analyses on a number of typical real-world networks demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. keywords: separate chain decomposition, network dynamical system, longest path, message relaying, fixed point MSC 2020: 05C38, 05C69, 90C27, 37N40


Climate change has emerged as an important factor in agricultural production globally. Advanced countries are better placed to address the challenges posed by this phenomenon. Developing countries must also develop the capacity to tackle this problem in order to ensure sustainable agriculture. A foundational requirement is to access the knowledge, attitude and practice of local farmers in order to design a robust response to support their activities. The study was aimed at assessing the farmers' level of awareness of climate change and the strategies they adopt in response to it. The results show a high level of awareness of climate change, and that farmers employ various commonsense strategies to mitigate its effects.


This paper presents a robust sampled-data H∞ control scheme for vibration attenuation of offshore platforms subject to irregular wave forces and actuator saturation. When a digital computer is used to sample and quantize the measurement signal, a discrete-time control input signal will be produced. At the same time, the actuator is usually saturated due to the physical or technological constraints. In view of these, a sampled-data H∞ controller is designed to attenuate the wave-induced vibration of the offshore platform, thereby improving the control performance of the system. It is shown through simulation results that the proposed control scheme is effective to suppress the vibration of the offshore platform in the presence of actuator saturation.


Objectives A feature of diabetic dyslipidemia is hypertriglyceridemia╱high remnant lipoproteinemia, which play an important role in occurrence of arteriosclerosis and diabetic nephropathy. We have reported that incretin reduced serum triglyceride(TG)and remnant cholesterol. This mechanism is considered to be the direct effect of incretin, that is, the decrease of chylomicron lipoprotein by suppression of apolipoprotein B48(Apo B48)synthesis via GLP-1 receptor in the small intestine. In this study we examined the effect of incretin on the expression of Apo B48 in cultured human small intestinal epithelial cells. Methods TG-rich lipoproteins were isolated from patient's plasma by ultracentrifugal method. Normal human small intestinal epithelial cells from Cell Systems Co. were cultured at 37℃, 5% CO2, 95% air. The cells were incubated for 24h with TG-rich lipoproteins at the concentration of 100μg╱mL. Exendin 4 (active form)and Exendin 9-39(inactive form)were added at the concentrations of 50 pmol╱L, 100 pmol╱L and 300 pmol╱L on the 2nd day of the culture. After 6 hours, total cellular RNA was obtained. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the expression of Apo B48, GLP-1 receptor, Apo B100 and Apobec1 mRNA as a ratio to endogenous GAPDH mRNA. Results Exendin 4 increased GLP-1 receptor mRNA expression in human small intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, Exendin 4 decreased Apo B48 mRNA expression, but did not affect Apo B100 mRNA expression. Exendin 9-39 did not affect GLP-1 receptor, Apo B 48 and Apo B 100 mRNA expression. Exendin 4 reduced Apobec 1 mRNA expression. Conclusions Incretin(GLP-1)suppresses the synthesis of Apo B48 in the small intestine. This is one mechanism by which incretin(GLP-1)reduces serum levels of triglyceride, chylomicron and remnant lipoprotein in type 2 diabetic patients.


Although the effectiveness of mushroom products(mushroom derivatives) has been confirmed repeatedly by numerous laboratory experiments and,in some cases,human trials,precisely how these products work is still a matter of conjecture.Studies on the effectiveness of mushroom products fall into two general categories.One approach has been to isolate and determine the bioactivity of individual mushroom components within a particular class of compounds(e.g.polysaccharides,lectins,triterpenoids,fungal immunomodulatory proteins).The active principal component is then sold in refined or purified form,e.g.the polysaccharide lentinan from the edible/medicinal mushroom Lentinula edodes.Such an approach is certainly valid if the objective is to focus on a single mushroom-derived substance for the treatment of specific disease conditions,e.g.cancers or strokes.In such cases,the products might be(and have been) developed and marketed as prescription drugs.However,an alternative approach is not to focus on a single component within a class of compounds but on groups of compounds that improve overall health and the general quality of life.These composite formulae,in which several different compounds together contribute to the beneficial effect of the mushroom,could then be used collectively as a dietary supplement(nutriceutical).Thus,the medicinal effects afforded by medicinal mushroom products may be attributable to several quite different types of compounds present in the mushrooms,e.g.polysaccharides,lectins,triterpenoids and fungal immunomodulatory proteins.These compounds,and possibly others yet to be identified,appear to act in concert in contributing to the documented anticancer,antitumour,antiviral,antibacterial and immunomodulating properties of the mushroom.Therefore,mushroom nutriceuticals may be deemed to have multifunctional values,the essence of which depends on the integrated effects of the various compounds.Certainly,the overwhelming majority of mushroom-based products currently available are not single components but combinations of several groups of compounds("crude extracts") that together contribute to the overall medicinal effect of the product.Therefore,it is important that future development of mushroom nutriceuticals places emphasis on investigating the functionality and interaction of the groups of compounds found in mushrooms.In some cases,it may be more desirable to consider the total medicinal effect(s) of mushroom "crude extracts"(comprising groups of compounds) and then to ascertain the contributions made to the overall activity by individual components.The consistency of the "crude extracts",both in terms of the overall chemical composition and in the actual levels of active components,between different batches could be standardized on the basis of one or two of the main components.This is essential for ensuring some degree of uniformity in prescribed dosages.Thus,while the minimum dosage of an active component required to bring about the desired therapeutic effect is often known for similar products,e.g.hypericin in extracts of St.John's Wort,this is generally not the case where mushroom "crude extracts" are concerned.This is an area where scientific validation can increase knowledge of the products themselves as well as contributing to product quality control.


Majorities of American give high marks to the community's public schools and teachers for their handling of the coronavirus pandemic, according to the 2021 PDK poll. The poll, which surveyed a representative sample of 1,008 U.S. adults in June and July 2021, found that respondents have more positive feelings about their own local schools than about public schools in general, and they are confident in their schools' ability to navigate the 2021-22 school year.


This papers proposes a fast algorithm for estimating the mutual information, difference score function, conditional score and conditional entropy, in possibly high dimensional space. The idea is to discretise the integral so that the density needs only be estimated over a regular grid, which can be done with little cost through the use of a cardinal spline kernel estimator. Score functions are then obtained as gradient of the entropy. An example of application to the blind separation of post-nonlinear mixture is given.


The article reviews the book "Key Terms in Second Language Acquisition," by Bill VanPatten and Alessandro G. Benati, part of the Key Terms series.


The public is demanding more democratic decision making processes that take into account their opinions and views. In order to make large societal decision making processes inclusive, it is necessary to find a way of communicating the issues involved in a decision without becoming swamped with the technical aspects. Many of the societal decisions that have to be made, e.g., about the greenhouse effect and radiation, have very long-term impacts, which make them even more complex. One of the more controversial issues in evaluating long-term impacts is the choice of discount rate, or indeed whether discounting is appropriate. When the decision is societal and there are many stakeholders, the debate about the discount rate can become very heated. Using exponential discounting focuses attention on the discount rate and does not help stakeholders explore their opinions and beliefs. Atherton and French (1998) suggested an alternative methodology based upon a time-era structuring of attributes. By dividing time into distinct eras and weighting these rather than applying one discount rate over the whole lifetime of the project, a seemingly more transparent way of dealing with time preferences was developed. To further investigate the acceptability of the methodology to a broad range of people, an interactive World Wide Web page was set up. The page was not context specific and talked about an undefined project, not a particular decision situation. The subjects were asked to define the time eras themselves and to weight them. They were then asked to indicate what had motivated their weights and finally they were asked how their weights would change if the issues changed. Most subjects found the ideas easy to comprehend and commented positively about the experiment. Seventy-five per cent of the subjects divided time into increasing intervals in line with the suggestions made in Atherton and French (1998). Sixty-five per cent of them had decreasing time era weights, but their weights decreased more slowly than those prescribed by constant discounting. This paper describes the results of the experiment, indicating the implications they may have for societal decision making.


This article shows the development of a method of editing a hagiographic work at first known by a single text witness only. The protagonist, the monk Śarṣa Ṗeṭros, lived in the fifteenth century and founded the monastery of Dabra Warq (eastern Goǧǧam) where he is still venerated as saint. The work is named Gadla Śarṣa Ṗeṭros and contains the saint's Vita, his miracles and a malkǝʿ-hymn. After a brief introduction to the work's content and its narrative structure, the article reflects the first considerations and ideas on how the work could be edited taking into account the main principles of a scholarly edition and the challenges of working with a single text witness. The article presents the then current state of research while the Addendum outlines substantial changes surfaced soon after the 18th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Dǝrre Dawa 2012.


STUB. 1 Time-frequency Models Useful manipulations of sound signals—such as time stretching, pitch shifting, and timbral interpolation—depend on time-frequency models of a sound consisting of amplitudeand frequency-modulated sinusoidal partials. We use the exponential presentation of a complex-valued signal ψ:


The invention relates to a vehicle control system which facilitates the coming out of fairways, which defines a steering angle 20 having a steerable wheel 12, has an active steering system 10th The active steering system 10 also includes a steering wheel 16, which provides the steering angle input by the driver, and also a coupling component 46, a Betatigerkomponente 14, a control component 18 and sensor component 60. The components of the active steering system 10 are operatively connected to each other, so that the control component 18 selectively the steering angle 20 may vary with respect to the steering angle input by the driver. The steering angle 20 defines an expected vehicle deviation, if the steered wheel 12 is not such as a road surface slip on the contact surface. The senor component 60 may provide the controller 18 with a signal corresponding to the actual deviation angle 21 of the vehicle. The Fahzeugsteuersystem also comprises a brake system which can slow selected wheels of the vehicle. The controller 18 may determine whether the vehicle is in a shipping lane based on at least in part on the expected vehicle deviation and the actual deviation angle 21st The controller 18 supplies the brake signal to brake the wheels on a first side 59 of the vehicle more than to the second side 60 ', to generate a differential torque which increases with the actual angle of deviation, thus coming out ...


In the vicious circle of under-representation of women in trade union structures - particularly in positions of influence - and of women's interests not being considered as a vital component of trade union politics, we see the development of a range of experience which has a huge influence on the articulation and mobilisation of interests, thereby effecting participation in collective promotion of interests. This article reconstructs the process of women articulation their workplace interests in order to illustrate the "inner" and "outer" obstacles regarding both the articulation of interests and these interests being acted upon. These obstacles stand in the way of problems being solved in a manner which would benefit women. An important consequence of this, viz. that this process is usually hampered right from the outset - before interests are even explicitly articulated - points to the necessity of creating new forms of trade union politics in the workplace. Such new forms should address women's current attempts to wield a greater influence, both individually and collectively, regarding their position in the workplace and, most importantly, should take into account their "central points of interest", such as working hours.


SUMMARY
The effect of a deficiency of applied nitrogen on the rate of leaf photosynthesis, and on the subsequent partitioning of 14C-labelled leaf assimilate between new leaf, stem, tillers and root, was investigated in single plants of Lolium temulentum L., grown normally in controlled environments, or grown with collars shading the base of the plant. The nitrogen deficiency reduced the rate of leaf photosynthesis, increased the retention of assimilate in the leaf, suppressed the export of assimilate to tillers, and generally increased the export of assimilate to roots and to new leaves. Shading the base of the plant generally had little effect on the rate of leaf photosynthesis, reduced the export of assimilate to roots, and increased the export of assimilate to new leaf and to the stem, which elongated when shading was imposed.


The Nile Valley is of particular interest for the study of the first anatomically modern humans. This valley constitutes an inevitable passageway between East Africa and the Mediterranean. Some rnembers of the first Homo left Africa 1.8 million years ago to migrate towards Asia and Europe. Thus, it is likely that srnall groups of archaic humans crossed or even settled in this natural corridor. Zndeed, after the Middle East, famous for its old sites from 120 to 100 ka and South Africa where the sites are perhaps slightly more recent, it is one of the rare areas where anatomically modern humans were discovered. Although we can deplore the lack of human remains found in the Nile Valley, the Singa Calvaria and the skeletons of Taramsa and Nazlet Khater are essential to the understanding of the morphological variability of the first occupants of this region. The phylogenetic afinity of Singa is still debated due to its pathological form, but the two other skeletons are clearly anatomically modern humans. They belong respectively to the Late Middle and Early Upper Palaeolithic, period for which very few other human remains were discovered in Africa. Furthermore, several sites have delivered stratigraphic sequences that allow us to approach the evolution of cultures in this part of the world and raise the question of who were ut their origin. Transitional ESAIMSA industries seem to be related to the appearance of new behaviour that might be the result of cultural activities related to anatomically modern humans. By the onset of the Upper Pleistocene, the Nubian Cornplex begins to spread in the Nile Valley. It is characterised by complex socio-economic settlements systems. Finally, let us recall that the scientzjic potential of the Nile Valley had been underlined long before by the research teams of F. Wendorf and P. Vermeersch.


Purpose To explore the synergistic effect of anti-tumor of arsenic trioxide(As2O3) combined with IFN-α and its mechanism. Methods The effects of As2O3 alone or/and IFN-α on cell proliferation of renal carcinoma cell line 789-0 were detected by MTT,and cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry(FCM) in vitro. The toxicity of As2O3 combined with IFN-α to tumor-bearing mice was observed in vivo. Results Compared with As2O3 alone group,the combination of 1 000IU IFN-α and 0.5~4μmol/L As2O3 group had significant anti-proliferative effect on renal carcinoma cell line 789-0(P0.01). At the dosage of 2.83μmol/L As2O3 (IC50),renal carcinoma cell line 789-0 was arrested in G2/M phase and the feature of apoptosis was notable 48 hours later. The combination of IFN-α and As2O3 group rendered feature of cells arrested in G0/G1 and G2/M phase,and the apoptosis rate of cell line789-0 significantly increased. The life span of mice in combination group significantly increased compared to As2O3 alone group,IFN-α alone group and control group,respectively(P0.01). Conclusion As2O3 combined with IFN-α plays a role of synergistic anti-tumor effect on renal carcinoma cell line 789-0. It may correlate to arrest cell in different phase of the cell cycle and enhancing cell apoptosis.