How to preserve and increase capital value of universities is a complexed problem during the reform of rear-service department and is significant to the result of the reform. This paper proceeds from the concept,character and methods of capital management and analyzes the preservation and increase in value. It offers the theoretical reference to the policy of rear-service socialization


In Japanese Buddhist schools, particularly Zen, it is customary for a follower to exchange Chinese stances with his master to testify to the degree of awakening achieved at the time of the overcoming of the "doubt complex" or in an emblematic aporetic case (k?an) that accompanies the resolution of a crisis and the conversion of the gaze. The paper examines a few cases in which this type of experience is parallel to a literary production in Zen Schools (Hakuin, Ikkyu), but also a rather atypical religious figure (Ippen) who stands between Amida Buddha, Zen, and shamanism.


Objective Discusses the health education in at the beginning of parturient woman`s application.Methods SIn 1-6 month 2007 years in,chooses 100 cases at the beginning of examples the parturient woman to implement the course of childbirth health education the nursing method.Observes and records the childbirth way,the course of childbirth time,the post-natal 2 hours hemorrhage quantity,targets and so on newborn Apgar grading.Results The observation group security sense is higher than the control group obviously,the course of childbirth reduces,prompts the health education to be effective.Conclusion Completes the health education already imperative.


Interview data were collected from 1749 men and 1976 women of mean age 36.0-39.7 years in Ado-Ekiti, Ondo State; Ibadan, Oyo State; Badagry, Lagos State; Ekiti West and Ekiti Southeast, Ondo State; and Egbeda Local Government Area, Oyo State. It is generally believed that men have a greater need for sex than do women, and that men should have unlimited sexual freedom while women are expected to have only one partner. Men's extramarital sexual activity is largely taken for granted. However, a growing number of men and women now believe that one woman is enough for one man at any given time and over a lifetime. Respondents often mentioned being afraid of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS. Extramarital relations during a wife's postpartum abstinence are no longer important because of the rising level of contraception and the rapid decline in the duration of breastfeeding and postpartum abstinence. The double standards of male and female sex behavior will diminish with increased access to education and the move toward monogamous unions.


To the Editor: —InThe Journal, Oct. 11, 1952, are two articles that mention the dangers of the treatment of asthma with inorganic arsenicals (Unger and Unger, page 562, and Silver and Wainman, page 584). In both articles mention is made of a case report inThe Journalby Pascher and Wolf (March 1, 1952, page 734). All three of these articles fail to take notice of a communication by us in the New York State Journal of Medicine for Nov. 1, 1951, in which a case is described, a review of the literature is given, and the possible method of action of arsenic in chronic asthma is postulated. Another patient showing arsenic poisoning involving the liver, skin, and peripheral nerves has come under our care, and a patient treated by one of our colleagues had similar toxic effects. We have also heard of a case in which toxic encephalopathy


Precast concrete structure has many advantages, but the assembled seam will affect potentially the overall seismic performance of structure. Based on the sidewall joint located in the bottom of assembled monolithic subway station, the main objectives of this study are, on one hand to present an experimental campaign on the seismic behavior of precast sidewall joint (PWJ) and cast-in-place sidewall joint (CWJ) subjected to low-cycle repeated loading, and on the other hand to explore the effect of shape and position of assembled seam on load carrying capacity and crack width of precast sidewall joint. Two fullscale specimens were designed and tested. The important index of failure pattern, loading carrying capacity, deformation performance and crack width were evaluated and compared. Based on the test results, a series of different height and variablyshape of assembled seam of precast sidewall joint were considered. The test and numerical investigations indicate that, (1) the carrying capacity and deformation capacity of precast sidewall and cast-in-place sidewall were very similar, but the crack failure pattern, bending deformation and shearing deformation in the plastic hinge zone were different obviously; (2) the influence ofthe assembled seam should be considered when precast underground structures located in the aquifer water-bearing stratum; (3) the optimal assembled seam shape and position can be suggested for the design of precast underground concrete structures according to the analysis results.


Electrical losses are converted into thermal energy in motors, which heats each component. It is a significant factor in decreasing motor mechanical performance. In this paper, the motor cooling characteristics were analyzed according to the design factors of the water jacket to investigate the cooling performance of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). First, the electrical losses generated in PMSM were calculated using electromagnetic finite element (FE) analysis. Secondly, a 3D electromagnetic–thermal fluid coupled FE analysis was performed to analyze the temperature distribution inside the motor by applying electrical loss as the heat source. Finally, the motor cooling performance according to the design factors of the water jacket was statistically analyzed using the design of experiment (DOE) method. It was found that the mass flow rate of 0.02547 kg/s and six passes of the water jacket with one inlet and two outlets could be considered the optimum conditions in terms of the maximum motor temperature.


Abstract Nakayama automorphisms play an important role in the fields of noncommutative algebraic geometry and noncommutative invariant theory. However, their computations are not easy in general. We compute the Nakayama automorphism ν of an Ore extension R[x; σ, δ] over a polynomial algebra R in n variables for an arbitrary n. The formula of ν is obtained explicitly. When σ is not the identity map, the invariant EG is also investigated in terms of Zhang's twist, where G is a cyclic group sharing the same order with σ.


Poster: TROLLing (opendata.uit.no) is an international archive for open linguistic data and statistical code (e.g. R scripts), launched in 2014 at UiT The Arctic University of Norway. With the increasing demand for archiving and sharing research data, as well as the problem of improper attribution, TROLLing aims to meet researchers' needs by proposing safe storage of data files, and metadata templates based on international standards. Retrieval, sharing, and reuse of data is further facilitated by TROLLing being part of a global open data network. As regards attribution, the system automatically provides a dataset citation, comprising among other things the author name(s) and a persistent identifier (doi). A version control allows researchers to update their datasets at any time, previously published versions still being available open access.
TROLLing is available to all subfields of linguistics, but is limited to structural data. The metadata template, however, allows linking to primary data, stored elsewhere.


Remote sensing image fusion is a very important issue in remote sensing.Recently developed contourlet transform can offer a rich set of directions and shapes,thus it is more effective than wavelet in capturing smooth contours and geometric structures in images.This paper proposes a novel method of fusing panchromatic and multispectral images based on contourlet and IHS.The I(Intensity) component obtained from multispectral image through IHS transform and the panchromatic image are decomposed by contourlet transform to get low frequency coefficients and high frequency coefficients respectively,then fuse the coefficients according to a certain fusion rule to get a new I component,finally the fused image is obtained through inverse IHS transform.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively preserve spectral information and improve spatial resolution and information of the fused images,and outperforms the wavelet method at the same condition.


642 Allergy for cat and sources of the allergens in the urban versus rural areas of Poland Liliana Trzpil, and Boleslaw Samolinski. Medical University of Warsaw, Prevention of the Environmental Hazards, Warsaw, Poland. Background: The aim is the comparison of a frequency of positive skin prick test for cat allergen, and the frequency of animal presence at home in various areas of Poland (rural versus urban). The presented data are a part of the earliest outcome of large epidemiological study in the field of allergies which is now run in Poland. Methods: Randomized probe of various polish populations differing in the age range (20Y44 13Y14, 6-7 years old) were included in to the study. Analyzed urban population was gathered in Warsaw (capital of Poland). The second selected region was Zamojszczyzna, being the typical rural area with low industrial density. 3833 respondents completed questionnaires ECRHS II and ISAAC (1596 at urban and 2237 at rural region). 1103 of them were subjected to medical examination directed towards allergy recognition, and had made a skin prick test (474 at the urban and 629 at rural region). Results: 65,5% of persons from urban area revealed the positive skin results (for at least one allergen), while of the rural one the prevalence was significantly lower and equal to 34,5% (p = 0.0001). An frequency of positive cat prick test is significantly higher for urban region when compared to the rural region (18,4% vs. 10.8), and the intensity of the reaction measured as the average diameter of the observed skin prick test bubble is also significantly higher (4,01 vs. 3,63 mm). It was found that a significant difference between urban and rural areas was observed for the cat frequency of presence at home 15% vs. 30%. This data can be also compared with the general frequency of the cat presence in the home and surrounding. For rural areas cat is present in about 59.8% of homes and surroundings, while in urban areas cat is present in 15.4% of homes and surroundings. About 50% of people with positive skin tests for cat have cat at home. In urban area these values are significantly lower and equal to 19.5%. Conclusion: For cat allergies one can observe that frequency of positive skin prick test is higher on the urban region than on the rural region, contrastively to the lower presence of the animal allergy sources. Additionally the frequency of cat presence in homes of sensitive persons is much higher in rural areas than in urban ones. This observation can lead to the conclusion of protective, immunotherapeutic role of the high environmental allergen concentration in rural region.


Man's idea of mathematics vary depending on the experience and knowledge that need to hear, see, ask questions, and discuss it. As in mathematics demands understanding, performing tasks and make full use of the application of logic to think right. The focus of this study: (1) how is the management of learning with guided learning model invention can improve students' mathematics learning outcomes in the material number patterns ?, (2) how lks benefits in an effort to improve learning outcomes math on number patterns ?, (3) how student learning outcomes in the material number patterns with guided discovery learning model?. Research using a class action research with two cycles each consisting of two meetings and one meeting formative tests. Goals were students of class ix smpn 3 lembang school year 2013/2014. The data obtained as the result of formative tests, observation. The results showed that the average student achievement has increased from 7.17 in the first cycle to 7.71 in the second cycle and classical learning completeness students has increased from 52.77% in the first cycle to 63.80% in the second cycle. Conclusions: guided discovery learning model positive effect on improving student learning outcomes class IX SMPN 3 lembang the school year 2013/2014 in the matter of pattern numbers so that this model can be used as an alternative in the learning of mathematics.


Nosebleeds are very common in children, affecting 30% of children aged 0–5, 56% of those aged 6–10 and 64% of those aged 11–15. In most cases, the problem is simple to diagnose and treat. • Any history of unexpected bruising or bleeding from other sites (e.g. bleeding gums)? It is rare for severe haematological disorders such as leukaemia to present with epistaxis as the sole complaint, but a history of excessive bleeding after minor trauma should raise the possibility of a haematological disorder such as von Willebrand disease. Studies suggest as many as 5–10% of children with recurrent nosebleeds despite treatment may have undiagnosed von Willebrand disease. • Is the problem unilateral or bilateral? Are there any associated nasal symptoms such as blockage, discharge or pain? Tunours are rare, but unilateral symptoms in association with facial swelling, pain and obstruction are suspicious. The head and neck is the commonest site of rhabdomyosarcoma in children. Juvenile nasal angiofibroma presents with nasal obstruction and epistaxis in adolescent boys. • Is there any history of trauma? • Is the child on medications? Anticoagulant use in children is rare, except in those with congenital heart disease. • Does the child have any allergies? It is important to ask about allergy to peanuts if you plan to prescribe an antiseptic cream such as Naseptin, which is made from peanut oil.


By using carbon extraction replica technology and welding therma l simulation, the second phase particles in parent metal,weld metal and simulate d CGHAZ of Ti-Nb-V microalloyed steel were investigated. Experiment results and analysis show that the particles in the steel are less than 100 nm, irregular in shape , and have a slight size-dependence in that the relative content of Ti in crease with the increase of particle size. A large quantity of carbonnitride par ticles are still in CGHAZ after welding cycle , the shape of remaining particles change from irregular shape to cubicle one, all the particle in CGHAZ was rich in Ti.


This paper discusses the use of two international standards for quality management in engineering education, more specifically in teaching four engineering management courses. However, neither one of these standards is the commonly-recognized ISO 9001. Rather, they are the still widely-unknown, but quickly-applicable, ISO 10001 and ISO 10002. The respective guidelines for codes of conduct and complaint handling were deployed to establish and follow three codes for student satisfaction and quality assurance, as well as to setup and use a simple system for handling unsolicited student feedback and improving course delivery based upon it. Illustrations of the use of the codes, together with sample results of code performance tracking and student surveys on the usability of these codes, are provided. Examples of the feedback received from the students and its processing through a standardized system are also displayed.


A maintaining fine wiring formation properties and provides a resin substrate provided with a profile shape of the surface to achieve good adhesion of the electroless copper plating film. A by laminating copper foil to the resin base material to prepare a copper-clad laminate is entirely etched foil. Next, electroless copper plating on the surface of the resin substrate foil surface profile is transferred (overall etching substrate), a portion that does not form a circuit of the resin base material is coated with a dry film or the like, coated to a dry film It is in an electroless surface of the copper plating layer is not subjected to electrical (electrolysis) copper plating. Then, after removing the dry film to form a fine circuit by removing the electroless copper plating layer formed in the portion not forming a circuit. Microcircuits, since the copper foil surface profile is in close contact with the etched surface of the resin substrate having been transferred (overall etching the substrate), the adhesive strength (peel strength) becomes excellent. .FIELD 1


The objective of the research is to find out whether teaching speaking using community language learning method is effective or not in increasing students' speaking ability of the eighth grade students of MTs Mafatikhul Huda Jogosimo Kebumen in the academic year 2012/2013 . Community Langauge Learning Method is a method to teach language where the teacher has a role as a counselor and the students as a client. The research method of this research is quantitative research. The mean result of pre-test before the researcher gave the treatment was 66.11, and the mean result of post-test after the researcher gave the treatment was 77.11. The result of t-test value is 5.574. The t-test value is higher than t-table. It means that using Community Language Learning method is effective to increase students' speaking ability of the eighth grade students of MTs Mafatikhul Huda Jogosimo Kebumen in the academic year 2012/2013. Keywords: The Effectiveness, Community Language Learning, Speaking Ability l.


This article is a repudiation of the recent plagiarism of my Huffington Post's Op-Ed, entitled "Geneva III: The Stillborn Conference and the Endemic Failure of the International Community" by Iran's state-run Fars News Agency. An Iranian "journalist" has translated it into Persian without my permission, plagiarised it, malevolently changed its content in favour of the Syrian regime and its regional and international allies, and posted it on the Fars News Agency's official homepage. The "journalist" in question, Hossein Molaei, has discharged the Syrian regime and its allies, particularly Russia, Iran, and Hezbollah from large-scale atrocities and ascribed them to the Syrian insurgents who are labelled by Molaei as terrorist groups. He actually made things worse as it presumes that my stolen article can be used to support the content of his paper.


The device (1) has a peripheral edge connected to a set of cutting blades (7-9), where the cutting blades have cutting edges (10, 11). The cutting edges of the blades are directed from an upright wall (3) towards an input opening. The upright wall has a closed surface forming an upper edge (16) with a dispensing opening (15) parallel to the input opening. Diameter (C) of the input opening is in a range between 5 centimeters (cm) and 10 cm. Height (H) of the upright wall is in a range between 8 cm and 15 cm. An independent claim is also included for a method for cutting an object.


Electrowinning in chloride solutions is a wellknown process to produce a high purity of non-ferrous metals such as nickel and cobalt, where metal ions are reduced on the cathode and chlorine evolution occurs on the anode. The reduction of electric energy consumption in the process is important, which needs to reduce the overvoltage of chlorine evolution on the anode, so that it has been expected to develop a novel anode that has a high catalysis for chlorine evolution compared to current coated titanium anodes. A ruthenium-titanium composite oxide coated titanium (RuXTi1-XO2/Ti) electrode is a typical example of such anodes being used in commercial electrowinning using chloride solutions. This electrode is produced by thermal decomposition of a metal precursor solution, which is usually performed at about 500 C. On the other hand, we have previously revealed that RuXTi1XO2/Ti electrodes prepared at lower temperature have a higher catalysis for chlorine evolution than those prepared at such high temperatures [1, 2]. In this work, we further focused on the preparation of Ru-based coatings at different thermal decomposition temperatures and tried to develop a novel chlorine evolution anode with a low overpotential.


We report experiments on the use of a semilinear phase-conjugate mirror to transfer single-mode laser beams through distorting media. Calculations using a 1-D model show that in optimum circumstances, up to 90% of the input power can be transferred to the system output whilst experimentally 23% power transfer has been observed limited by the absorption and gain in our Barium Titanate crystal. We have also studied seeding the semilinear mirror with a separate beam as a means of starting its oscillation in conditions where high power transfer efficiency is required and investigated regions of bistability in the output which also occur in this regime.


Equi-channel angular pressing also known as ECAP is one of the most efficient process to impart high strength, hardness and toughness to the materials without changing its dimension by refinement of grains. But the conventional ECAP process gives drawbacks like buckling of extruding ram and surface defects. Hence there has been tremendous growth in the improvement of ECAP in terms of die design and in ECAP process. This paper describes the various types of newly developed dies used for ECAP process for reducing the plunger force or for the ease with which the process can be performed. The two newly developed ECAP processes, namely ultrasonic assisted ECAP and Torsional ECAP, are also described in this paper. It was found that various advancement in ECAP led to improvement in its performance characteristics.


Background: Since December 2019 the world has experienced a significant spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on the mental health of the population. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Morocco and was administered to a sample of 702 respondents. The subject was assessed using a questionnaire containing the following information: Personal demographic characteristics, knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 outbreak, Attitude towards COVID-19 outbreak, Behavioral change in relation to COVID-19 outbreak, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) screening questions for anxiety and depression, and finally a questionnaire related to people at risk of psychological harm from social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection began three weeks after confinement began and lasted for five weeks, from April 10 to 08 Mai. Results: 702 participants responded to the survey. The descriptive analysis of the database showed that the majority of respondents were male (69.3%), aged 20 to 30 years (46.15%), with university diploma (61.25%) and employed (63.53%).Knowledge differed considerablyby level of education;however, Attitude differed significantly according to gender and educational level. Correlations between the knowledge, attitude, behavioral behavioural, PHQ-4 and the psychological harm score shows that the variables "attitude, behavioural and Psychological harm" are significantly correlated with the PHQ-4 score, the higher the latter are the greater the last is high.In addition, the "Knowledge" variable is also significantly correlated. The greater the knowledge, the smaller the PHQ-4 score. Conclusion: The covid-19 pandemic is a public health problem.


This is a work-in-progress report from an exploration of the intersection between the fairly conventional digital humanities method of creating a database - specifically, the ELMCIP Electronic Literature Knowledge Base ( http :// elmcip . net / knowledgebase ) and the digital methods strategy of directly analysing online, digital content. We are testing out different methods of analysing data about conference series harvested from the Knowledge Base, using social network analysis to visualise the connections between people, events and works, tag analysis to examine changes over time in the type of creative work and scholarly presentations and using IssueCrawler to analyse URLs associated with the conference series and associated works. Electronic literature is digitally native literature that, to quote the definition of the Electronic Literature Organization, "takes advantage of the capabilities and contexts provided by the stand-alone or networked computer". Most, though not all, electronic literature is only published online and thus digital methods would seem an obvious technique for studying and analysing the genre. Electronic literature works are multimodal, highly variable in form and only rarely present linear texts, so datamining the works themselves would be difficult. Instead, we wish to take what Franco Moretti has called a "distant reading" approach, where one looks for larger patterns in the field rather than in individual works (Moretti 2005, 2011). However, the lack of established metadata for electronic literature makes this difficult as there is no central repository or bibliography of electronic literature.


of master's thesis 3 Aalto University, P.O. BOX 11000, 00076 AALTO www.aalto.fi Author Devendra Maharjan Title of thesis Surplus foundry sand and its assessment of applicability in composting Degree programme Master's Programme in Mechanical Engineering Major Production Technology Code IA 3027 Thesis supervisor Prof. Juhani Orkas Thesis advisor Prof. Juhani Orkas Date 25.04.2015 Number of pages 66+16 Language English


According to the hydrological statistics data in the past years,the paper analyzes the rainfall,evaporation,annual runoff and seasonal runoff,rainstorm,flood so as to study the hydrological characteristics of Zeng River valley.Meanwhile,based on the cross section data,the paper explores the influence of riverbed evolvement on the river's hydrological characteristics.


You can trust Hilliard's WRITING FOR TELEVISION, RADIO, AND NEW MEDIA to provide you with thorough and up-to-date coverage of the principles, techniques, and approaches of writing for television, radio, and the Internet, including writing for a variety of formats such as interviews, sports, advertisements, scripts, and news. Hilliard's vast coverage of content, excellent organization, attention to form, and good examples ensure that you will be well-trained for a career in WRITING FOR TELEVISION, RADIO, AND NEW MEDIA.


Age of Information (AoI) is a recently proposed metric for quantifying data freshness in real-time status monitoring systems where timeliness is of importance. In this paper, we explore the data freshness in Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain-enabled monitoring network (HeMN) by leveraging the AoI metric. In HeMN, status updates from sources are transmitted through an uplink and recorded in the Hyperledger Fabric (HLF) network. To investigate the characteristics of the AoI in HeMN, we formulate the distribution of peak age of information (PAoI) and the average AoI. Furthermore, we derive a closed-form of the AoI violation probability, considering the transmission latency and the consensus latency for a stochastic guarantee of data freshness. We validate the analytic results by implementing a HLF network. We also investigate the effects of the HeMN parameters, i.e., a target successful transmission probability (STP), block size, and timeout, on the average AoI, PAoI violation probability, and AoI violation probability and show a trade-off relationship exists between them. Then, we conclude by providing the design insights into keeping data fresh in HeMN.


Learning Objectives: We describe a severe case of Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) a subtype of Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) which required ECMO for stabilization of multisystem organ failure. Methods: This was a 41-year-old male recovering from legionella pneumonia and renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis and interstitial nephritis, who developed acute chest pain and dyspnea. Symptoms rapidly progressed to distributive shock with no identifiable source. Coronary cath was negative, cardiac function was normal and cultures were negative. Cannulation with veno-arterial ECMO was performed due to refractory shock and worsening hypercarbic and hypoxic respiratory failure. He was afebrile but had a leukocytosis of 44x10e3/mcL, anemia of 8.9gm/dL, 50% platelet drop from 383to 190 x10e3/mcL, and acute hepatic failure; AST 7,274 units/L, ALT 3,148 units/L, lactate 16.0 mmol/L, INR of 5.2. Ferritin was >10,000 ng/mL, LDH 37,000 U/L, and IL-2 2073 pg/ mL. Triglycerides and NK cell level were normal. Liver dysfunction, cytopenia, ferritin, LDH and IL-2 abnormalities met criteria of HLH/MAS. His prior interstitial nephritis also made MAS more likely. The IL-1 receptor antagonist, Anakinra, was started with dramatic improvement. Pressors were weaned and lactate and liver function normalized. Anakinra was discontinued due to new thrombocytopenia and DIC, which resolved after discontinuation. ECMO support was weaned off on day 17. Anakinra successfully treated the cytokine storm of MAS but without ECMO support, he would not have survived long enough to make the diagnosis. Results: HLH is a syndrome characterized by extreme immune activation due to inadequate downregulation of lymphocytes and macrophages. MAS is a subcategory of HLH in patients with an underlying rheumotologic predisposition. HLH/MAS is characterized by fever, hepatic and splenic dysfunction, coagulopathy, hyperferritinemia, and multisystem organ failure. Delay in diagnosis and treatment is a barrier to successful outcomes in these patients. In this case, ECMO provided the necessary circulatory support and time to make the diagnosis and initiate treatment.


Abstract Child abuse and intimate partner violence rates are known to increase during and in the aftermath of disasters. Research on elder abuse during disasters, including the current pandemic, is limited. As part of an online survey that explored older Canadians' current experiences and future care plans during the COVID-19 pandemic, we aimed to determine the prevalence, contributing factors and potential outcomes of frequent family discord involving physical violence (FFD/PV) as a proxy for elder abuse. The survey was conducted between Aug 10 and Oct 10, 2021. Respondents (n=4380) were recruited using social media, direct email, Facebook advertising and with the assistance of 85 local community, regional and national organizations. The sub-sample reporting FFD/PV (n=76, 1.8%) was compared with other survey respondents regarding socio-demographic characteristics, negative and positive emotions, difficulty accessing basic needs, food, health care and support. Respondents experiencing FFD/PV were found to be significantly younger and less educated and were more likely to be non-white and not working than other respondents. The subgroup sustaining FFD/PV reported significantly higher rates of feeling depressed, lonely, isolated, anxious, sad, and judged/shamed and felt less happy, relaxed and accepted in their community. They also reported higher rates of challenges in accessing basic material needs such as food, support, medical care, mental health treatment and experienced more changes in life routines. Although only a small percentage reported FFD/PV, our results highlight a disturbing pattern that merits serious attention of adult protection agencies, seniors' advocates and disaster response organizations.


Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world, mainly in young children, elderly and immune-compromised patients. They also contribute with a great burden to the health systems regarding medical attendance and hospital admissions. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, ARI is the fourth cause of mortality worldwide, with more than two million deaths annually [1]. Among children under five years-old, ARI was the leading cause of death in 2016 [2]. Respiratory viruses are the main etiology of respiratory illness throughout the world [3,4], 90% of ARI are estimated to be related with viruses [5]. Among these viruses, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) play predominant role, causing high morbidity and mortality, mostly affecting individuals aged < 5 and ≥ 65 years and persons with underlying medical conditions, including HIV infection [6-9]. Since ancient times influenza viruses have caused large epidemics and pandemics in the world; the last one in 2009 caused more than 500,000 deaths. It is one of the most contagious diseases by its high mutation capacity [10].


Background: diabetic retinopathy is an ocular disease due to diabetes mellitus and caused by a microvascular alteration of the retinal vessels. It is the main cause of vision loss between 30 and 60 years of age. Auto-fluorescence is an important test in the early detection of complications of diabetic retinopathy, and it can act in time to reduce the incidence of irreversible visual alterations. Objective: to carry out an updated review on diabetic retinopathy and the indications of auto-fluorescence in this pathology. Methods: a literature review was carried out in the Lilacs, Medline and Scielo databases. The descriptors used were: Diabetic retinopathy, auto-fluorescence, complications, diagnostic imaging therapy. With the bibliographic data obtained in 80 published articles, 34 (27 published in the last 5 years and 7 of previous years) were selected. Results: traditionally established aspects and others that are under discussion by many authors were contemplated. Conclusions: diabetic retinopathy is an important cause of visual loss in adults, with significant medical, social and financial consequences. Its complications are avoidable in 80-90 % of cases. Auto-fluorescence is an important test in the early detection of complications of diabetic retinopathy, which allow to act in time to reduce the incidence of irreversible visual alterations. DeCS: VISION DISORDERS/epidemiology; FLUORESCENCE; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY/diagnostic imaging; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY /complications; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY/therapy.


The purpose of this project is to extract Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) from Banana fiber to produce Poly(Lactic Acid)/Microcrystalline Cellulose, (PLA/MCC) biocomposite film using a solvent casting technique. The initial phase is the production of MCC from Banana fiber by involving three steps; alkaline treatment, bleaching and acid hydrolysis. MCC produced from the different concentration of Nitric acid in the acid hydrolysis process, were used to analyze the morphological and crystalline properties using SEM and XRD respectively. MCC produced from the higher concentration of Nitric acid shows good morphological properties and higher % crystallinity. Then, MCC compounded into PLA with different filler loading to produce PLA/MCC biocomposite film using a different solvent which is Chloroform and Dichloromethane. Results show that lower MCC loading, induces good filler matrix interaction and this evidences by the improvement of the Tensile strength and Young's Modulus, as well as shows improvement in loss factor and storage modulus which studied from DMA. Moreover, the addition of MCC slightly improved the thermal stability of PLA. From using a different solvent to produce PLA/MCC biocomposite film, Dichloromethane solvent improves the tensile strength and Young's modulus of biocomposite film, while Chloroform reduces the tensile properties of biocomposite film.


Environmental activities are an important element of corporate management, and corporations engage in environmental management under which environmental activities are carried out within the framework of their business activities. The Fujitsu Group has been conducting environmental activities in all of Its business divisions under the slogan "We make every activity green." We have achieved excellent results in the basic structural elements of environmental management such as the building of environmental management systems, introduction of environmental accounting, publication of sustainability reports, development of Green Products, and fulfillment of our mission to achieve zero waste emission. In this paper, we focus on the Fujitsu Group Environmental Protection Program (Stage IV), which covers the fiscal period 2004 to 2006, and outlines our environmental management activities in response to regulations whose scope continues to expand both in Japan and other countries.


Session 1: Some examples of current practice: three case studies Session 2: Current development of risk assessment methodology Session 3: The beneficial application of risk assessment/management concepts Overview of Discussions


The principle of piezoelectric transform is briefly introduced. The key techniques involved in the applications of piezoelectric transforms are studied. Design and construction of two practical circuits based upon piezoelectric transforms are described.


The present invention relates to a carrying out of a car differential function and at the same time a large differential in case the hydraulic friction differential using the pressure generating device capable of smoothly rotating the amount wheel for limiting a portion of the differential function to the movement of the vehicle restrictor, and the fixed cover 11, body portion 12 and the first pinion gear 14 side provided so as to be formed on the inner side, connected with the vehicle drive shaft of the body portion 12 having a first side pinion gear (14 ) and the second side pinion gear 13 formed so as to be rotated are connected to the vehicle drive shaft of the position to be opposed to each other, the first side pinion gear 14 and the differential which is rotated so that the second interlocking engagement with a side pinion gear 13, the pinion gear 15, 16 with the first side pinion gear 14 and the second and the friction plate is formed on trailing side after the side pinion gear 13, the first side pinion gear (14) and second side pinion To work between the gear 13 consists of a cover gear 22, and the pressure generating formed to the piston gear 25, the length in the direction pushing device 20. Rubbing, pressure generating piston.


This research work analysed the hybrid approach of Hybrid Genetic Algorithm -Firefly localization algorithm. The control variables, total number of sensor nodes, position known anchor nodes or landmark nodes, and the Genetic Algorithm-firefly localization problem are used to refine the Genetic Algorithm -firefly localization problem. The full number of iterations is taken into account, as well as the solution space. The distance between the sensor node and the anchor nodes is measured, and then the sensor node's location is estimated. Encoding, describe fitness feature, range, crossover, mutation, fitness function, beauty, distance, action, and stopping criteria are all part of the Hybrid Genetic Algorithm -Firefly localization algorithm implementation procedure are explained detailed. As the results it is demonstrated that the Hybrid Genetic Algorithm-Firefly Localization Algorithm iterated for 100 iterations has sensor node position knowledge estimation accuracy of 100% for firefly population vectors of 15, 18, and 20 with better time complexity.


Marriage outside the KUA becomes polemic in itself when the culture that is considered alms by the community is different from the state's point of view. The wedding procession is a value in itself for the community so that the wedding procession is sometimes accompanied by customs and traditions so that the sacredness in marriage is seen and can be felt. This paper is an empirical study with a sociological approach. This approach is carried out to see and analyze the legal, cultural and social aspects of the practice of marriage processions carried out by the people of Malang City. This paper argues that the majority of residents prefer to hold a marriage contract outside the KUA. This is influenced by several factors, first; the sacred factor; Second, the ease of implementation factor; third, elements of customs and culture; fourth, avoiding bad prejudice from the community, so that many residents prefer to carry out the marriage contract outside the KUA rather than at the KUA.


Many computer systems, especially mobile and IoT systems, use a large number of I/O devices. A contemporary OS acts as a security guard for these devices, which trust the OS to correctly implement the "perimeter defense." Moreover, the OS also trusts these devices and their drivers to be well-behaved and bug-free. This interwoven trust model complicates the security of the system as a single vulnerable component can undermine all security guarantees. Not surprising, this architecture has failed to achieve strong security as evident by attacks that have targeted I/O devices or their drivers. In this paper, we call for a radically new approach, called I/O-Device-as-a-Service (IDaaS), where each I/O device acts a separate service and is responsible for its own security. Inspired by Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), IDaaS requires every device to be equipped with its own software stack and provide an externalizable API that can be safely exposed to untrusted software. We discuss the design decisions in IDaaS, highlight its security benefits and research challenges, and present a case study. CCS Concepts • Security and privacy→ Systems security; Operating systems security; Mobile platform security.


English teaching for the postgraduates has experienced several developmental stages.But now it is in an embarrassing situation.The English teaching for the postgraduates of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has become the focus of many English teachers and officials of all ranks because of its typical features and the public has began to think about some vital issues concerning it such as humane and academic nature,universality and professional,etc.


In recent years there has been a considerable increase in the use of variable focal length lenses (VFLL), due to
the fact that they are used as micro lenses in photographic cameras, endoscope, etc. The VFLL's come mainly in
three types, one of them are formed of two transparent elastic membranes with a liquid medium between them,
those made of an elastic material inside a mount which allow radial forces to be applied on its perimeter, and
finally those which are made of a dielectric liquid medium. In these VFLL always have a mechanism that allows
the shape of the lens and its geometrical parameters can be changed. In this study, we implement a mechanical
mount to applied radial force, in the perimeter of a solid elastic lens. We measure the aberrations of wavefront
present in deformable solid elastic lens (VFLL), when we change the radial forces applied on its borders. The
wave sensor used were the Point Diffraction Interferometer (PDI) and null screen tests. Theoretical and
experimental results are presented.


This study's goal was to learn how adding the extractive information-seeking behavior of Facebook profile viewing following face-to-face information-seeking behavior in initial interactions affected attributional confidence (AC) and social attraction (SA). Additionally, the present study was a quasi-replication of research exploring how changes in time spent on information seeking impacted AC and SA testing two uncertainty reduction theory axioms. Two modalities, face-to-face (FtF) only versus FtF and profile viewing, across three time conditions of 4, 6, and 8 minutes yielded six experimental conditions. AC for the two modalities were similar when time was held constant. Comparing the two modalities for 8 minutes resulted in higher social attraction for the FtF-only condition. Also, the data report a significant interaction with modality and time. Time impacts AC and SA even with relatively small changes.


Deficiency of vitamins or accessory factors has been shown to have very definite pathologic effects on experimental animals. Some of these pathologic effects are known to have analogues in human pathology. Socalled xerophthalmia was one of the first pathologic effects of vitamin deficiency noted in the heads of experimental animals." There is no longer much room for doubting that an etiologically and clinically identical condition occurs in the human. The pathology of xerophthalmia, as it occurs in rats, has been carefully studied by Yudkin and Lambert.'


This research aims were to explore the effects of Hydnophytum formicarum Jack (Rubiaceae) known as the Ant plant on proliferations of mouse lymphocyte, Vero and T47D's cell lines. Plant hypocotyls were collected from West Papua. Some parts were dried to gain plant with ant residue (A), while other parts were separated from the ant residue to gain plant without ant residue (B) and ant residue (C). After being macerated in ethanol and evaporated to dryness, each extract was tested on Balb/c mice lymphocytes and Vero cell lines by MTT assay in the presence and absence of Doxorubicin (Dox). Effect on T47D was observed by using Dox 25 g/mL as control. Data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and paired sample T-test. Thin layer chromatography profiles were evaluated to identify the difference in chemical contents. The extracts A and B had the ability to increase lymphocyte proliferation by increasing concentration. Both extracts could not significantly enhanced the proliferation of Vero cells, neither in the presence nor absence of Dox. The extract B in 100 g/mL showed the highest inhibition against T47D cells by 53.45%. There was no chemical content difference observed on extracts A and B.


A differential limiting control apparatus for a vehicle calculates a corresponding control quantity with a yaw rate (T The differential limiting control unit then brings a balance in the direction of an increase or decrease based on a corresponding to a yaw rate control amount (T


This paper provides suggestions for carrying out second language activities (Japanese) on the theme of Discussing Myself based on the perspective of languages such as language is co-constructed through the interaction, and on the perspective of learning languages such as participation in this interaction is the process of learning a second language. These activities were designed in accordance with humanistic activities. Humanistic activities were developed for the purpose of getting learners to interactively discuss each other in order to generate interaction and its promotion. The interaction in the classroom when these activities were put into practice, was observed and analyzed, with the emphasis placed on the creation of cooperative interaction, through comprehensive conversation analysis. From these analyses, how the learners' utterance and chosen subjects were co-constructed through the interaction was observed. The students were using conversation forms, instructors and other language resources to voluntarily take part in establishing interaction, and this indicated the effectiveness of Discussing Myself activities in learning languages.


This honors thesis describes the development of a light source for schlieren imaging that is based on pulsed high-brightness light emitting diodes. Schlieren imaging is an optical technique that enables the visualization of density gradients in flows. The work involves the customization and fabrication of the circuit for the purpose of imaging of supersonic wind tunnel flows and includes the design of the circuit enclosure and the integration of the lamp into the schlieren system. The final product is demonstrated in the High-Speed Wind Tunnel at the J.J. Pickle Research Campus at UT Austin. Several prototypes were tried, and the final design offers a safe, easy to use pulsed light source, which can be integrated into many schlieren systems.


Feminist communication scholars have moved both slowly and in fragmentary ways to develop
a political-economic analysis of women?s relationship to global media industries. Instead, feminist
research has remained focused mainly on gender representation in texts, with some (though
less) attention paid to the economic and political structures within which media policies and
procedures are formed and texts are created. As a result, communication research today lacks
a substantial body of empirical data or theory to help us understand where females fit into the
scheme of capital, ownership, employment, or decision-making levels of media enterprises.
Such a research agenda is the subject of this essay, which explores ways that feminist research
might be directed at these aspects of the women-and-media relationship. Feminist research
agendas in an era of globalization must also be concerned with women?s efforts at changing
the media, analyzing how women have or might intervene in large systems at micro, meso, and
macro levels of media systems.


According to the characteristics of fault information about equipments utilized in flight control systems,an expert system based on fault-tree reasoning is designed for fault diagnosis of those equipments.A reasoning machine based on preorder traversal is developed to access the database of fault trees.The logic of diagnosis is clarified by a given explaining machine.The expert knowledge will be updated by knowledge acquisition corresponding to specific trees.The results show the practicability and expandability of this system.


Following the European pattern, the development of the discipline of art history in the Ottoman Empire was largely concomitant to the rise and modification of nationalist ideology in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This chapter, through a systematic and analytical investigation of building components and decoration, derives the "fundamental" principles of Ottoman architecture and provides the necessary guidelines for the Ottoman architect in his new revivalist task. Starting with the Tanzimat era, following the established pattern of European nationalist historiographies, the highly challenging task of historicizing a collective sense of Ottoman identity was carried out with increasing support from the emerging disciplines of philology, ethnography, archaeology, and art history. The material provided by these fields, as well as the new techniques of representation they offered functioned as potent instruments for achieving an empathic and "realistic" engagement with the past. Keywords: European nationalist historiographies; nationalist ideology; Ottoman architecture; Ottoman identity; Tanzimat era


David Jaffe and Sante Gnerre of the Broad Institute give a presentation on "Visualizing assembling everything" at the JGI/Argonne HPC Workshop on January 25, 2010.


In the present study, the interdiffusion behavior between coating layer and substrate of aluminide coated Ti- 47Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.5Zr-0.5Y intermetallic alloy were investigated at 800°C, 900°C, and 1000°C under argon atmosphere (closed system). The pack cementation, consists of 20%-wt. Al, 2%-wt. NH4Cl, and 78%-wt. Al2O3, was carried out at 900°C for 10 hours. The phases in the coatings, interdiffusion layer, and substrate were examined using optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) while the chemical composition were examined by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) attached on the SEM. The interdiffusion coefficients were calculated according to Boltzmann-Matano method using the data obtained from EDS analyses. The calculated interdiffusion coefficients are 7.091 x 10-14, 1.650 x 10-12, and 5.261 x 10-12 cm2/s respectively for 800°C, 900°C, and 1000°C. The analytical and numerical method to predict the concentration profiles between coating layer, interdiffusion layer, and substrate. A reasonable agreement has been achieved between the experimental results and the simulated concentration profiles at every temperatures.


The present invention relates generally to communication networks, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for protection of such networks. The method and apparatus disclosed in the supply path protection communication network (14) having a plurality of nodes including at least one access node (24,26,28,30) is. For worker path (23) connected between the first distribution node is provided (22) with the at least one access node. For the protection path (21) is also a second distribution node (22) connected between the at least one access node provided. Connection-oriented interface path (52) is also the distribution between the second node and the first set. Traffic from upstream nodes (16, 18) in one of the distribution node (20, 22) switched to interface path (52). In response to detecting a fault in the worker path (54), exchangeable traffic to the protection path (21).


In this issue ofQuality in Higher Education, papers are wide-ranging geographically and address issues relating to academic attitudes to quality processes; embedding quality management in institutions; the extent to which institutions comply with quality standards; and how the capabilities and competencies of staff and students can be developed. These are some of the perennial concerns in higher education and have featured regularly in this journal since its inception. Twopapers in this issue explore attitudes and perceptions of quality processes. In the first, which focuses on the academic community in Finland, Jasmin Overberg explores the continuing phenomenon of academic resistance to quality management in higher education and how quality managers address this challenge. Overberg's findings suggest that resistance arises for practical, systemic, cultural and administrative reasons and that qualitymanagers display a certain sympathy for such resistance and attempt to address it through consistently highlighting the benefits of quality management and avoiding terms associated with quality management. In the second paper, a study of Saudi Arabian nursing programmes, Amal Alaskar, Ellen D'Errico, Laura Alipoon, and Salem Dehom explore the relationship between academics' knowledge and awareness of process and purpose of accreditation and their motivation and level of involvement in the accreditation process. Their findings indicate that teachers in nursing programmes were more aware of the process and purpose of institutional accreditation than senior managers. This is surprising given the importance of accreditation to the reputation of institutions that offer nursing programmes. Higher awareness of process and purpose appear to be significant in motivating people to be involved in the accreditation process. Embedding successful quality management is a continuing challenge and two papers in this issue seek to identify key issues. Khaled Azafari and Jan Kratzer discuss the major challenges associated with applying quality in European higher education and the extent to which the challenges to organisational quality vary between European countries. They identify three main areas where there are challenges: organisational, implementation and leadership but observe that many of the challenges are both long-standing and intractable. They highlight the continuing lack of a common understanding of quality in the sector; the difficulties in measuring quality; the changing nature of higher education itself; and the need for more training of staff in quality matters. QUALITY IN HIGHER EDUCATION 2019, VOL. 25, NO. 3, 225–226 https://doi.org/10.1080/13538322.2019.1696502


Hard coal reserves are still considerable in size, therefore despite some of its unfavourable properties, coal will certainly play an important role in the future power policy. Russia belongs to the greatest producers and consumers of primary energy sources. Underground exploitation of coal beds is based on labour-consuming mining works. It has been assessed that in Russia, the extraction of 1 Mg of coal is accompanied by 1.2 Mg metal consumption (all kinds of systems and devices). Other aspects that still need major improvement is the work safety of the miners and environmental protection. Generally, coal has a negative share (ca. 8 to 12%) in the warming up effect. The gangue on surface (constituting about 20 to 25% of the extracted coal mass), old workings, and hydrogeological conditions in the mining areas considerably change the natural landscape. The combustion of 1 Mg of coal is accompanied by an emission of 250 kg mineral particles to the atmosphere and ca. 20 to 25 kg of gas with sulphur content (up to 2% of carbon sulfides). The existing conditions necessitate new, more efficient technologies that would minimize the environmental impact. Borehole techniques and technologies create a good perspective for solving problems encountered by mines. These methods are presently applied for drilling boreholes of different technological destination, and for methane removal. Two scenarios of coalbed methane extraction with the borehole method were elaborated in Russia. In the first of them solid mineral is produced, whereas in the other one – gas fuel. At a preliminary stage of working out economically and technologically feasible solutions, a construction of a coal-gas electric energy generator is considered; It consists of four basic blocks (Fig. 1), i.e. underground coal gasification block; methane drainage block; pre-gasification and pre-drainage block; drilling works block. The comparison of technical-economic design indices of borehole extraction for electric energy generation and the traditional methods shows that the application of the former is expected to increase the utilization level of useful energy encapsulated in coal fuel ca. 3 to 4 times, and also lower the cost of electric energy by 1.5 to 2.2 times.


P‐glycoprotein expression was analyzed on 137 formalinfixed, paraffin‐embedded human tumours by monoclonal antibody (MAb) MC57. This MAb recognizes an extracellular human specific P‐glycoprotein epitope and defines their multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype by its binding on cells. Immunohistochemistry indicated that this MAb reacted in human cells and tissues in the same pattern as that found with other MAbs to P‐glycoprotein. However, the present extensive study demonstrated that MAb MC57 is a highly specific reagent for the evaluation of an extracellular P‐glycoprotein epitope preserved after fixation procedures and that this MAb is available to assess P‐glycoprotein expression in routinely processed human tumour specimens. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Analyzes fluctuations in the size of both government- and Eskimo-owned herds of Rangifer tarandus in the Reindeer Grazing Preserve of northern Mackenzie District. Each of the six Eskimo-owned herds increased in numbers for a few years, then declined and ultimately, except one, was returned to the nucleus, government herd. Annual variation in herd size is examined in relation to the birth, death, and dispersal rates. The last which represents losses by straying, approx. 17,000 since 1938, usually yearlings, is the most important, birth rate the least. Effects of herd size and composition (tabulated by age and sex) on the birth and dispersal rates are deemed negligible. Dispersal is apparently caused by factors extrinsic to the herd itself, e.g. insects, weather, man, and their interactions.


Attapulgite was modified with silane coupling agent KH-151and then was used as filler in unsaturated polyester resin.The modified attapulgite obtained at a treatment temperature of 80?C exhibited an excellent compatibility with unsaturated polyester,which enhanced interface bonding between the filler and the resin in its cured body.As compared with the pure resin,the bending strength,displacement at rupture and fracture energy of the cured body with 5wt%filler increased by 20%,55%and 100%,respectively.


The gyrotron or electron cyclotron resonance maser is a high‐power microwave source in which the microwave fields gain energy from a beam of relativistic electrons. In this article, an elementary account of the gain mechanism based on a linear, small‐signal analysis is presented.


AbstractBuildings have U-shape facade designs for certain purposes such as lighting. However, such designs may lead to a higher fire hazard. In this paper, large scale experiments of upward flame spread over XPS insulation material were conducted to investigate the fire hazard of building's U-shape facade wall geometry. Comparison to previous laboratory scale experiments were also presented. Theoretical analysis was performed to reveal the mechanism of the U-shape geometry's influences. It is found that such geometry design would increase the fire hazard of buildings: flame spread rate and flame height increased with U-shape's geometrical factor. The results agreed with theoretical analysis. It is expected that the buildings' U-shape facade wall geometry would greatly benefit flame spread for full scale applications and increase the fire hazard. Thus engineers should be careful with such facade wall designs, especially for residential building designs.


The terminal characteristics of DC/DC are intrinsic characteristics,depending on its structures and parameters in main circuit and controlling system.The energy flows from input to output through the terminal characteristics;the dynamic characteristics are not only related to the state of input and output but also the terminal characteristic.The terminal characteristics are lineal when the DC/DC converter is working under overload,so it is feasible to do step responses to predict its dynamics refer to linear system theory.For prove the method is correct and practicable,a DC/DC converter was designed.Employing its small signal model to get the terminal characteristics,the dynamics characteristics were further predicted.At last,the simulation was carred out under saber simulation platform to get the input/output voltage/current and compare with those from predicting.It draws the conclusion that the method is absolutely right and feasible.


Objective: Diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasing in India. Decisions relating to diet are complex and vary across cultural, contextual, and personal factors. The aim of this study was to understand the factors that influence the process of food decision-making in households in urban India to inform dietary behavior change interventions to prevent NCDs. Design: Semi-structured interviews were conducted between September and November 2016. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and translated, then analyzed using an iterative, constant comparative process and grounded theory. At the end of the interviews, participants were also asked to sort 12 a priori hypothesized drivers of food into categories of "always," "sometimes," and "never" influence their food choice. Setting: Delhi, India. Subjects: Interviews were conducted with 38 women age 20-35. Results: Preliminary qualitative analysis exposed three themes: 1) routinization/habit, 2) family influence, and 3) avoidance of "outside" (e.g. away-from-home) and "junk" food. Responses from the pile sort activity revealed that food safety and health most often influence food choice, while marketing and advertisements least often influence food choice. No significant relationship existed between body mass index and degree of influence on food choice for any driver in the pile sort activity. However, there was a significant (p<0.05) relationship between wealth and degree of influence of health, attitudes and cultural beliefs, and hunger on food choice. Conclusions: Young adult women in Delhi seem to rely on routine, habits and perceptions about "outside" and "junk" food established in childhood, taste preferences of the husband and children, and food safety/health when making choices about food. These aspects of decision-making should be targeted in future interventions aimed at improving dietary intake in this population.


The generalized periodic Anderson model with plane-wave conduction-band states is considered as a model to describe the properties of Ce, Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb compounds showing a variety of valence fluctuation phenomena. The mixing matrix elements between localized 4 f -electron states and the conduction-electron states, which are anisotropic in k space, are derived, and it is shown how pseudogap or real-but-anisotropic gap is formed in this model. The structures of gap or pseudogap to be derived here are considered to bear some of the characteristics of those of rare-earth compounds in such as heavy-fermion, Kondo-insulator and intermediate-valence states.


The authors consider the steady state operation of wall-cooled, fixed-bed tubular reactors. In these reactors the temperature rise ..delta..T must normally be limited to small fractions of the adiabatic temperature rise ..delta..T/sub ad/, both to avoid runaway and maintain product selectivity. Yet ..delta..T/..delta..T/sub ad/<< 1 can only occur if eta = t/sub dif//t/sub reac/ << 1, where t/sub dif/ is the timescale on which heat escapes the reactor by ''diffusing'' to the cooled walls, and t/sub reac/ is the timescale over which the reaction occurs. So here the authors use asymptotic methods based on eta << 1 to analyze the 2-d reactor equations, and find the radial concentration and temperature profiles to leading order in eta. The authors then obtain a 1-d model of the reactor by substituting these asymptotically correct profiles into the reactor equations and averaging over r. This model, the ..cap alpha..-model, is identical to the standard (Beek and Singer) 1-d model, except that the reactor's overall heat transfer coefficient U is a decreasing function at the temperature rise ..delta..T. This occurs because as ..delta..T increases, the reaction becomes increasingly concentrated near r=O, causing a decreased heat transfer efficiency through the reactor's wall. By comparing it withmore » numerical solutions of the original 2-d reactor equations, the authors find that the ..cap alpha..-model simulates the 2-d equations very accurately, even for highly sensitive reactors operated near runaway. They also find that a runaway criterion derived from the ..cap alpha..-model predicts the runaway transition of the original 2-d equations accurately, especially for highly sensitive reactors.« less


Degradation of a non-biodegradable azo-dye (evans blue) has been carried out by the heterogeneous photo-Fenton like processes using copper pyrovanadate (Cu 3 V 2 (OH) 2 O 7 .2H 2 O)  as a catalyst. This catalyst was prepared by wet chemical method. These catalysts were characterized by different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The effect of various parameters such as initial pH, concentration of dye, amount of catalyst, amount of H 2 O 2 and light intensity on the reaction rate has also been studied. The various parameters like chemical oxygen demand (COD), conductance, pH, TDS, salinity and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the reaction mixture has been determined before and after treatment. The rate of photo-Fenton degradation of this dye followed pseudo-first order kinetics. A tentative mechanism involving • OH radicals as an oxidant for degradation of dye has been proposed. Keywords : copper pyrovanadate, heterogeneous, degradation, photo-Fenton


The Water Safety Plan (WSP) model provides a completely new, cross-cutting and multidisciplinary approach for the risk assessment of drinking water pollution. The concept of control of the drinking water supply system (DWSS) is replaced by the concept of under control , in order to protect human health. The key factor of the WSP approach is the identification and mitigation or, if possible, the elimination of all factors that may cause a chemical, physical, microbial and radiological risk for drinking water. Due to its characteristics, the WSP can be perfectly integrated with the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) system, a food safety management system which has the same approach of the WSP for the control of CCPs in food and drink production. Based on the Codex Alimentarius indications, 7 main principles have to be followed in order to establish a HACCP plan. These 7 principles are resumed in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 22000:2005 management system. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the WSP implemented for the DWSS of Mortara, Italy, was integrated with the HACCP system, in order to achieve the ISO 22000:2005 standard. The novelty of this work is that this is one of the first nationwide application of the ISO 22000:2005 standard on the whole DWSS stages, from catchment to consumer. In this way, all the DWSS criticalities have been detected. Moreover, the drinking water quality control system has been improved so much to consider water by rights a food.


PurposeThe paper aims to identify core components for managing sustainability in construction-building projects and to understand how these components support each other to achieve project success. It proposes a model for sustainable project management (SPM) to achieve sustainable project success (SPS).Design/methodology/approachThe research utilised structural equation modelling to empirically test the conceptual model and the hypotheses associated to the 35 project-management related success factors and 24 performance criteria identified in literature review. Data was collected through 143 questionnaires carried out with construction professionals who have minimum two years' experience in sustainable building projects across the UK. Mediation analysis was used to identify the inter-relationships between the variables and components in the model.FindingsThe paper developed a model for SPM which consists of five components: (1) sustainability goal definition, (2) project team enhancement toward sustainability, (3) planning for sustainability, (4) sustainability assessment and (5) stakeholder management. Stakeholder management and sustainability goal definition were found to have a significant and direct impact to the achievement of SPS. The other three were found to generate an indirect but important impact on the SPS. The results showed that attention should be paid to all five components to fully support the development of sustainability in projects.Research limitations/implicationsRegarding the research approach, the generalisation of this research's findings is limited to the construction industry in the UK and similar developed countries.Originality/valueThis paper provides a further understanding of the inter-related effects of SPM and their impact on SPS.


An insoluble chiral membrane of one-handed helical multihydroxy poly(phenylacetylene) without the coexistence of any other chiral moieties has been synthesized by in situ complete removal of a one-...


The current situation in the research of rapid lineprofile and light variations of early-type stars is critically reviewed. It is suggested that the ultimate understanding of the physical processes causing these variations can only come from an open-minded and complex approach to the problem and from systematic observational effort. It is argued that the results of the search for periodicities in the complicated variations of these objects depend critically on whether the method used is appropriate to the real physical situation. The danger of detection of a false multiperiodicity is pointed out for two particular situations: (i) a single-periodic signal which undergoes slow periodic change, e.g., due to the light time effect in a binary system, and (ii) a single-periodic signal with a complicated phase curve (a model of not exactly equidistant corotating spokes). It is argued that the observed rapid variations need not be due to classical non-radial pulsations but may arise from more complicated velocity fields in the stellar atmospheres and/or mantles. Two early-type stars, e Per and ζ Oph, are discussed in detail. It is argued that both may be the cases where the variations are caused by corotating structures slightly above the stellar photosphere. For e Per, the pattern of the variations can also be affected by the motion of the star in a binary orbit. For ζ Oph, a double-wave light curve with the corotation period of 0. d64 (suggested by the author earlier for the line-profile variations) was found from Hipparcos V photometry and its presence can also be suspected in other existing photometric data and in the recurrence times of the narrow features seen in the UV spectra.


The construction and electrochemical response characteristics of poly vinyl chloride (PVC) membrane sensors for the determination of copper were described. The sensors are based on using of ethamsylate as an ionophore and dioctylphethalate (DOP) as a plasticizer in the PVC matrix. Conventional and graphite membrane sensors were prepared and the performance characteristics are evaluated according to IUPAC recommendations, reveal fast, stable and linear response for copper over the concentration range 1×10−6-1×10−2 M and 7×10-5 -1×10-2 M with cationic slopes of 29.5 and 27.8 mV per concentration decade at pH 5 for conventional and graphite membrane sensors respectively. The potentiometric selectivity data revealed no interference from common cations. The direct potentiometric determination of copper using the proposed sensors gave average recoveries of 99.89 ± 0.9 and 100.04 ± 1.1 for the conventional and graphite sensors, respectively. The sensors are used for direct measurement of copper content in industrial waste water, metal alloys samples from copper factories and pharmaceutical formulations. The developed method was found to be simple, accurate and precise when compared with a reported atomic absorption method.


Abstract The effect of sensor degradation in the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) channels 1 and 2 on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been established. Three models have been developed that adjust NDVI for sensor degradation without recourse to component channel 1 and 2 data. The models have been verified with data obtained by the AVHRR on board of NOAA-7, -9 and -11. Two models provide accurate results in some cases, but perform less well in others. A third model is applicable to all cases investigated, and estimates the effect of sensor degradation with a maximum RMS error of 0·002NDVI. The remaining error depends on surface characteristics and the magnitude of sensor degradation, and cannot be accounted for without the component channel 1 and 2 data.


A brief review of applied research and development in the field of non-destructive control and technical diagnostics is presented. An emphasis is made on the results published by UAB RII «Spectrum» in 2014. Thematic priorities: industry-related diagnostics, antiterror preventive maintenance, medical x-ray diagnostics and environmental control.


This paper systematically compared A Share of Shanghai and Shenzhen in short-term behavior after overreaction using the data from Jan.1997to Oct,2003.The empirical study reveals that both Shanghai Stock Market and Shenzhen have overreaction in negative price shocks in short-term windows.But in positive price shocks there is only momentum effect.Our analysis highlights that there exists"March effects",not the common"January effects".The regression results indicate that,for both Shanghai and Shenzhen,the cumulative abnormal returns are not always strongly related to the levels of the shocks.


Dermal wound healing describes the progressive repair and recalcitrant mechanism of damaged skin and eventually reformatting and reshaping the skin. Many probiotics, nutraceuticals, metal nanoparticles have been associated with improved healing process of intra and inter tissue wounds. Despite the vast nature on material based wound healing mediators, the exact mechanism on material-cellular interaction is still point of repent issue particularly in diabetics and pathological condition. The use of bioengineered alternative agents will likely only continue to dominate the outpatient and perioperative management of chronic, recalcitrant wounds as new additional products continue to cut costs and improve wound healing process. This review article provides an update of the various remedies with confirmed wound healing activities by a diverse group of agents from previous experiments conducted by various researchers


Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) had been widely produced and used as commercial chemicals including additive brominated flame retardants (BFRs) from 1970 to 2000. PBBs are highly toxic, lipophilic and bioaccumulative organic compounds. Owing to their persistence and semi-volatility, PBBs could transport long distance and thus pose potential risk to global environment and human health. Commercial hexabrominated biphenyls (technical Hexa-BBs) have been listed in the Annex A covered under Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in 2009 for banning the manufacture and use of technical Hexa-BBs. Thus, the sources, analytical methods and environmental occurrence of PBBs have recently attracted increasing attentions. This paper summarizes the basic physico-chemical properties and toxicity of PBBs. The amounts of technical PBBs produced as commercial chemicals including BFRs in history are also summarized. The release of PBBs during dismantling of E-waste as one of important sources is also discussed. We also suggest that further study should be carried out to investigate if there is unintentional formation and emission of PBBs during industrial thermal processes. The research progress on analytical methods, quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) used for identification and quantification of PBBs are also reviewed and discussed. The occurrence and profiles of PBBs in various matrices from contamination sites of Michigan accident, E-waste dismantling area, and polar area are also reviewed and discussed.


Vascular refilling occurs to preserve hemodynamic stability during hemodialysis (HD). Recent studies report a feasible and noninvasive method to determine absolute blood volume (ABV), and estimate vascular refilling during HD. The objective of this study is to analyze if lowering dialysate temperature modifies variations in ABV during HD.


Current management of refractory benign oesophageal strictures with endoscopic dilations and stenting leads to resolution of dysphagia in only 30% of patients. Oesophageal self‐dilation may be an alternative.


Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes 600,000 new cancers worldwide each year. HPV-related cancers express the oncogenic proteins E6 and E7, which could serve as tumor-specific antigens. It is not known whether immunity to E6 and E7 evolves during chemoradiotherapy (CRT) or affects survival. We used functional T-cell assays to identify candidate HPV-specific T-cells and T- cell motifs common across 86 patients with HPV-related cancers. These HPV-specific clones and E7-related motifs expanded over the course of treatment, whereas non-HPV-specific T-cells did not. In HPV16+ patients, improved recurrence-free survival was associated with this HPV-responsive T-cell expansion during CRT.


The effect of excluded volume interactions on the structure of a polymer in shear flow is investigated by Brownian dynamics simulations for chains with size 30⩽N⩽300. The main results concern the structure factor S(q) of chains of N=300 Kuhn segments, observed at a reduced shear rate β=γτ=3.2, where γ is the bare shear rate and τ is the longest relaxation time of the chain. At low q, where anisotropic global deformation is probed, the chain form factor is shown to match the form factor of the continuous Rouse model under shear at the same reduced shear rate, computed here for the first time in a wide range of wave vectors. At high q, the chain structure factor evolves towards the isotropic equilibrium power law q−1/ν typical of self-avoiding walk statistics. The matching between the excluded volume and ideal chains at small q, and the excluded volume power law behavior at large q are observed for q orthogonal to the main elongation axis but not yet for q along the elongation direction itself, as a resul...


The integration of a reconfigurable device into complex SoCs is a common request aimed at adding software programmable efficient computational blocks to a system. In such environment a traditional approach in FPGA design could not meet the need for an easy-to-use and easy-to-integrate device. This paper presents the PiCoGA-II reconfigurable datapath which has been designed as a multi-context array to provide fast dynamic reconfiguration. Architectural choices to reduce the area overhead of this approach are described. A reconfigurable dedicated control unit provides a clear interface for an easy integration of the device together with a hardware support for a programming Mow starting from a sequential high-level language. The logic cells have been redesigned with respect to the previous version, to improve their computational efficiency and flexibility. The PiCoGA-II has been fabricated in 0.13mum CMOS technology. The implementation of several MPEG-2 kernels shows that the multi-context array has a computational density which is 2times higher than an equivalent single-context one and is 2times higher than a Virtex-II FPGA when all the 4 contexts are utilized


The following statements are preliminary in the sense that they reflect the discussion I am having within a particular academic location. This is mainly: a) my own work as a mission historian in Britain, b) the trends and impulses surfacing in the work of my doctoral students, and c) the perspectives that emerged from my participation in an international attempt at re-writing and re-configuring theological knowledge.'


Objective: The prevalence of maternal smoking remains high in New South Wales. In order to better understand the profile of maternal smokers, a study has been conducted to examine the social and demographic characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of women who smoked during their pregnancy in south western Sydney.


We present an abstract matroid formulation of the geometric construction of intersecting the subspaces determined by a finite set of points of a projective space by a hyperplane containing a modular line spanned by two points of the set. It extends earlier results by Dilworth and the author.


Abstract Low-level wind fields over the western Indian Ocean west of 65°E have been determined from the analysis of METEOSAT images from 10 to 22 May 1978 (one field every two days). The data show the abrupt change in the low-level airflow circulation which takes place over the western Indian Ocean during the burst of the monsoon. The burst of the monsoon along the African coast is characterized by the sudden establishment of the Somali low-level jet and associated strong cross-equatorial flow. This modification which augurs the beginning of the monsoon season over India is closely related to the first rainfalls over the southern part of the western coast of India which occur with a lag of 3–4 days.


Low endogenous sex hormones and low physical activity (PA) levels have been associated with CVD risk. Whether these interact to influence CVD outcomes remains unclear. We assessed whether sex hormone concentrations and PA were additively associated with lower central adiposity and CVD risk.


A graph G is Hamiltonian-t-laceable (t*-laceable) if there exists in G a Hamiltonian path between every pair of vertices (at least one pair of vertices) u and v which are at a distance t in it , where t is a positive integer. In this paper, the laceability properties of the Cartesian product of path graphs( precisely the cartesian product of 3 paths) is explored.


There is an important literature thoughts based on the soul of "nature" in the field of ancient Chinese literary theory,called "natural" literary theory,which was described systemically in two great works.The Literature Mind And The Carving Of Dragon and Shi Pin.What's more,Zhong Rong with his Shi Pin founded the aesthetical standard of "natural and true beauty" to criticize the temperaral style of "For Something" and create a new method of "Direct Find",suggest poems be created directly and naturally.Zhong Rong and his thoughts agreed with Liu Cie's,and he made the foundation of "natural" literary theory.


Objective To study the effects of endothelin and its antagonists on contractility of HSC-T6 cells. Methods Collagen lattice was used to investigate the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1), selective ETA receptor antagonist BQ-123, selective ETB receptor antagonist BQ-788 and selective ETB receptor synergist IRL-1620 on contractility of hepatic stellate cells. Results The percentage of contracting area in ET-1 group and ET-1+BQ-788 group was obviously lower than that in control group and ET-1+BQ-123 group (P0.05). Using ET-1 together with BQ-123 could obviously inhibit the contractility of HSC. BQ-788 had no significant effect of inhibiting the contractility. The contracting area percentage in ET-1 10nM+IRL-1620 1 μM group was markedly lower than that in the control group (P0.05). However, there was no significant difference in percentage between ET-1 100pM+IRL-1620 1 μM group and the control group (P0.05). IR-1620 could inhibit the contractility induced by 100pM ET-1. However, this action was not obvious in ET-1 10nM group. Conclusions BQ-123 can significantly inhibit HSC contractility induce by endothelin. But BQ-788 has no such effect. ETA receptor can induce the contractility of HSC. IRL-1620 can inhibit HSC contractility induced by low level of ET-1.


© 2007 The Authors 523 JEADV 2008, 22, 499–527 Journal compilation © 2007 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology The patient was evaluated during treatment and followup visits both for clinical response and for local and systemic side-effects. Partial regression was obtained in 7 weeks with a considerable reduction of the diameter of the lesion (fig. 1b); then, the patient accepted to undergo the surgical excision because it would be less invasive. Clinical follow-up at 108.5 months did not show any relapse of the disease. The management of patients affected by EMPD needs an accurate therapeutic approach and a prolonged followup. Surgery is generally accepted as the first line of treatment, but local recurrences are a common problem. In patients who have high operative risk, we believe that intralesional IFN alfa-2b could be a possible choice of treatment; therefore, surgical treatment should be reserved for patients with good physical conditions and not extensive lesions. The exact mechanisms involved in the action of IFN alfa-2b have not been fully elucidated. However, some well-described effects include anti-proliferative, immunologic and anti-angiogenic properties. Several studies have revealed the immunomodulatory effects of IFN, including the augmentation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity against neoplastic cells. IFN alfa-2b is also able to cause down-regulation of key immunosuppressive cytokines such as interleukin-10 that inhibits tumour antigen presentation and therefore enables tumour cells to evade local immune response. In this case, intralesional therapy with IFN alfa-2b gave good control of the disease, allowing a conservative surgical excision and obtaining a complete response that lasts from 108.5 months. Our result suggests that intralesional IFN alfa-2b may be a safe, effective treatment for EMPD, when the lesions are large or otherwise difficult to excise surgically.


This paper describes the security architecture for a modern cloud-based command and control system. This design could be easily extended to the other aspects of a ground system such as mission planning, mission data processing, and ground terminals, but is being first implemented for the COSMOS C2 product. A ground system's security design needs to be resistant to both internal and external threats, while remaining performant and scalable to ever increasingly sized clusters of satellites. The following design takes a hybrid trust approach providing a level of zero-trust for internal connections, while also providing a strong level of security for external connections. The use of well-defined standards is critical to a robust security implementation. This design focuses on the use of JSON Web Token (JWT) which is an open standard established in RFC7519. The JWT tokens are distributed using the OpenID Connect protocol which is maintained by the OpenID Foundation. OpenID Connect hosted by a Single-Sign-On provider allows a single login to access multiple microservices. Finally, Infrastructure can be further protected by defining strong software communication rules. Any software/service that is not expected to connect to a microservice can be explicitly denied access by specifically defining rules as to what can talk to what. Istio is discussed as a technology to enforce these rules.


High-altitude electromagnetic pulse events are a growing concern for electric power grid vulnerability assessments and mitigation planning, and accurate modeling of surge arrester mitigations installed on the grid is necessary to predict pulse effects on existing equipment and to plan future mitigation. While some models of surge arresters at high frequency have been proposed, experimental backing for any given model has not been shown. This work examines a ZnO lightning surge arrester modeling approach previously developed for accurate prediction of nanosecond-scale pulse response. Four ZnO metal-oxide varistor pucks with different sizes and voltage ratings were tested for voltage and current response on a conducted electromagnetic pulse testbed. The measured clamping response was compared to SPICE circuit models to compare the electromagnetic pulse response and validate model accuracy. Results showed good agreement between simulation results and the experimental measurements, after accounting for stray testbed inductance between 100 and 250 nH.


Drug- and toxin-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an increasingly important sub-group of group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH). In the last 60 years, we have seen the rise and fall of numerous prescription and illicit agents that have caused severe and deadly outbreaks of PAH. Currently, drugs and toxins are classified into "possible" and "definite" risk factors for PAH. While the exact mechanisms and pathogenesis of drug- and toxin-induced PAH are currently unknown, novel clinical and basic science studies are beginning to unravel the biologic factors and genetic underpinnings responsible for disease development. The clinical management of affected patients can be challenging as it is often difficult to identify patients early and demonstrate causality between drugs and PAH. Given the recent trends in drug utilization and development, it is highly likely that we will continue to identify new agents capable of causing pulmonary vascular disease. We must keep a high index of suspicion in order to identify patients and new compounds deemed definite or likely risk factors for PAH. Practicing pharmacovigilance, raising awareness, and working in tandem with PH patient associations and drug regulatory agencies may ultimately be our most effective strategy in preventing the next deadly outbreak of drug- and toxin-induced PAH.


A THREE-DAY international meeting sponsored jointly by the Royal Institution of Naval Architects, the Institute of Marine Engineers, the Nautical Institute and the Royal Institute of Navigation on the use of Wind Propulsion for Commercial Shipping was held at the Cunard International Hotel in London on 4, £, 6, November 1980. The Symposium was opened by His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh. The eighteen papers presented are available from the Royal Institution of Naval Architects at 10 Upper Belgrave Street, London, SWi. The symposium was divided into four sections under the general titles Review, Weather and Routing, Wind Propulsion Devices and Design and Application. This report is similarly divided: the paragraph numbers refer to the papers listed at the end.


Caries that affects children under the age of 6 is known as early childhood caries (ECC). According to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD), ECC is defined as the presence of one or more teeth with caries (cavities or no cavities), missing teeth due to caries or the presence of restoration deciduous teeth in children under 71 months. If it occurred on the smooth surface of the tooth in children under 3 years of age, the disease is classified as severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Streptococcus mutans plays important role in the etiology of caries of preschool children, which is a contagious pathological entity. The pathogen is an acidogenic and aciduric bacteria. The occurrence of caries is a complex process of interaction between host factors (teeth), microorganisms, substrates (carbohydrates) and the environment, including saliva. This mini review aims to summarize current findings on several markers of innate immune system related to ECC and S-ECC namely lysozyme, salivary lactoferrin, IL-8, CD36 of salivary neutrophils, and sCD14


Two different radio architecture are proposed that allow for simultaneous reception on one frequency and scanning on another frequency using only one receiver chain. This can for instance be used to scan for an alternative frequency when a handover is required in a cellular system. The architectures are based on that the signal is down-converted to a complex intermediate frequency (IF) before being down-converted to baseband. The second mixer is made adjustable so that any desired image rejection ratio (IRR) can be obtained. By adjusting the IRR and estimate how the signal quality of the desired signal is affected, the signal power at the image frequency can be accurately estimated. Based on simulations of an OFDM system with LTE-like parameters, it is found that if a degradation of 0.5-1 dB is acceptable for the desired signal, a scanning time of 1-2 ms suffice for accurate power estimation.


In reply to a previous article about the CU SAFE 300 IUD the respondent states that there is too little demand for CE-class III medical technology products. IUDs had also mistakenly been placed in class I. This IUD is approved by the European Community and so far almost 350000 insertions have been performed. The leading firms in the IUD market sent out a letter concerning the introduction of CU SAFE 300 to all the gynecologists and midwives of Sweden before the Medicine 96 conference was held. There was no attempt on their part to win young women over to this type of IUD when letters were sent to 1200 gynecologists in November 1996 and subsequently to 4400 midwives in March 1997. The criticism of the authors of the previous article therefore is not justified and led to a mass-media exaggeration. It is puzzling that the organization FARG which is behind this campaign never contacted the manufacturer Kovalent AB while sitting in judgement over this new device. These authors were not familiar with CU SAFE 300 when the company contacted them in the fall of 1996 nor did they procure an IUD from the firm which indicates that they have no clinical experience with it. No single case of perforation was reported for 350000 insertions due to the ease of the procedure when statistically more than 200 should have occurred with other IUDs. According to a 1987 WHO report there were 0.6-0.9 cases of perforation per 1000 insertions with TCu Gyne T and similar IUDs. Finally it is also pointed out that according to the social agencys account there is high demand for hormonal and copper-based IUDs.


A system and corresponding methods are disclosed for controlling the thickness of a layer of dampening fluid applied to a reimageable surface of an imaging member in a variable data lithography system. Following deposition of the dampening fluid layer, a gas is passed over a region of the fluid layer prior to pattern forming. The gas causes a controlled amount of the dampening fluid layer to evaporate such that the remaining layer is of a desired and controlled thickness. Among other advantages, improved print quality is obtained.


Despite continuous and enormous attempts to improve English language teaching and learning in Thailand, a specifically designed teaching model which responds to low English proficiency students' needs, interests, and contexts in rural schools was still needed. This study developed an innovative instructional model based on key agents' voices on problems and needs in teaching and learning English in a rural context. Based on both global and local standards – the Common European Framework for Language References (CEFR) and Thailand's Basic Education Core Curriculum (2008), the model, so-called TIGA, combined task-based learning approach (T), the input of target language (I), genre-based approach (G), and authentic assessment (A). TIGA-based teaching lessons were empirically designed and developed to facilitate English learning so that students can accomplish real-world tasks. The two-group pretest-post-test design was employed. Participants included 44 secondary school students purposively selected from two seventh grade classes at two Thai rural schools. The TIGA model and TIGA-based lessons were implemented with an experimental group of 28 secondary school students at one school. Pre- and post-tests were used to assess both groups of students' English proficiency levels, followed by semi-structured interviews to investigate their attitudes towards the model and lesson implementation. The results showed a significant difference between the students' English abilities in the experimental and control groups. The study also revealed that the instructional model could motivate and engage the low-ability students to improve their level of English proficiency. The present study offers pedagogical implications for relevant educators in similar contexts.


The title above contains three key concepts: "student unrest", "concern" and "all in South Africa". This article deals with the second and third, since information about the first - the student unrest as such - its history and causes, have been well-covered in the printed and social media. The other two concepts, "concern" and "all", also have, by implication, been touched upon by the public media. In this article, the focus is on these two aspects because of the principles they embody and which people do not always reflect on in discussions about the student unrest. The purpose of this article is to delineate these two concepts and to consider to what extent the actions of the various roleplayers in the student unrest saga of 2015-2016 conformed to the ethical norm embodied in the term "concern for the other".