The use of a single grammar in natural language parsing and generation is most desirable for a variety of reasons, including efficiency, perspicuity, integrity, robustness, and a certain amount of elegance. These characteristics have been noted before by several researchers, but it was only recently that more serious attention started to be paid to the problem of creating a bidirectional system for natural language processing. In this paper we discuss a somewhat more radical version of the problem: given a parser for a language, can we reverse it so that it becomes an efficient generator for the same language? Furthermore, since both the parser and the generator are based upon the same grammar, are there any normalization conditions upon the form of the grammar that must be met in order to assure the maximum efficiency of the reversed program? Can other grammars be transformed into the normal form? We describe the results of an experiment with PROLOG‐based logic grammar which has been derived from a substantial‐coverage string grammar for English. We present an alogorithm for automated inversion of a unification parser into an efficient unification generator, using the collections of minimal sets of essential arguments for predicates. We discuss the scope of the present version of the algorithm and then point out several possible avenues for extension. We also outline a preliminary solution to the question of grammar's "normal form" and suggest a handful of normalizing transformations that can be used to enhance the efficiency of the generator. This research interacts closely with a Japanese‐English machine translation project at New York University, for which the first implementation of the inversion algorithm has been prepared.


Before I started my nursing degree, all my knowledge of safeguarding had come from high-profile care failings, such as those at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust and the widely publicised case of Baby P, who died in north London as a result of abuse.


Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a rare congenital heart defect characterized by underdevelopment of left-sided heart structures, including the aortic arch. The contemporary surgical management of this anomaly includes the Norwood procedure and provision of pulmonary blood flow by either a modified Blalock–Taussig shunt (MBTS) or a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit, commonly referred to as the Sano shunt. We report on an unusual complication of the Sano shunt, that of a giant right ventricular pseudoaneurysm occurring at the shunt insertion site. 2008 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.


Who determines the diversity of oligopeptide transport specificity in Lactococcus lactis? In this review our knowledge of oligopeptide transport by Opp in Lactococcus lactis is discussed. The specific oligopeptide transport system Opp is essential for growth of lactic acid bacteria in milk. This system belongs to the superfamily of ABC transporters containing a binding protein, generally described as the determinant of the specificity. The substrate specificity of this system, studied on one strain of lactococci, L. lactis MG1363, appears to be very different from that of other bacteria, especially Salmonella typhimurium. Relatively broad, this specificity is not fully representative of that of L. lactis species. In fact, each strain displays specific preferences for peptide transport. Despite binding protein OppA sequence varies to one strain to another, its variability cannot explain the observed diversity of substrate specificity. In L. lactis, OppA is essential for peptides transport but does not entirely determine the substrate specificity and its diversity among the species. Lactococcus lactis / oligopeptide transport / specificity / diversity


In a situation of increasing intercultural communication, the problem of identity has become particularly topical (Jenkins 2004, Phinney 2003, Phinney and Ong 2007, Spreckels and Kotthoff 2009 and many others). As a result of globalization and the phenomenon of migration, contact between cultures is ever more frequent, and awareness of cultural factors in intercultural interaction has become more necessary than ever. The aim of this paper is to analyse some aspects of Russian ethnic identity, especially their sense of themselves and modes of interaction with others, through a comparison with representatives of English (Anglo-Saxon) culture and to show how the differences in identity are embedded in language and communication. The results of lexical, semantic, pragmatic and discourse analyses have shown that the  we- orientation is still typical of Russians, while an  I -orientation is an inherent feature of the English. These differences in identity are embedded on different levels of the language and can be observed in communication. They define, in fact, the rules of communication, the choice of communicative strategies, and influence the formation of communicative ethno styles (Larina 2015). The results of the study testify to the prospects of an interdisciplinary approach, and provide new data on the interdetermination of culture, mentality, language and communication, allowing for the monitoring of consistency of relations, which is necessary for solving theoretical problems, as well as for successful cross-cultural communication.


Summary The current practice of manual emasculation of tomato ¯owers for hybrid seed production is labour-intensive and contributes signi®cantly to the high cost of seed. Here we report on a photoperiod-sensitive, single gene male-sterile mutant (7B-1) in tomato which is 100% male sterile in long days (LD, minimum of 12.h daylength) in summer ®eld conditions, but produces many male-fertile ¯owers in short days (SD, 8.h). In LD, 7B-1 ¯owers contain stamens that are pale, short and in the anthers microspore mother cells are differentiated but meiosis does not occur, i.e. microspores and pollen grains are not formed. Unlike the wild type ¯owers, the style and stigma of 7B-1 ¯owers are well exposed and this allows for ready access for pollination without emasculation. In SD, mutant ¯owers possess normal-looking orange-yellow anthers that enclose the stigma and produce normal viable pollen, which when used for pollination of 7B-1 ¯owers yield good fruit- and seed-set. The 7B-1 seed in turn generate a 100% population of male-sterile plants all of which can be used as female parents for hybrid seed production. The female fertility is not affected in 7B-1 ¯owers in both LD and SD conditions. The 7B-1 mutant has been grown in various ®eld locations including, Saskatoon, California, Florida and in Chile, and at all locations it has shown stable male sterility. The 7B-1 mutant is a simple, natural and costeffective system that has a strong potential for use in commercial-scale production of tomato hybrid seed.


Minors′ right of privacy not only has general characteristics of right of privacy,but also has own characteristics.Minors′ right of privacy is easy to be infringed because the current legal provisions are not very perfect and minors own reasons and the fact that traditional educational right is set against with the right of privacy.We should strengthen the protection of minors′ right of privacy through two ways,that is,to perfect the legislation of minors′ right of privacy and to strengthen the legal education of minors,parents and schools.


The article discusses the concept of constitutional legal dispute, its relationship with the adjacent legal categories. The specific character of constitutional and legal disputes arising from the activities of political parties is shown.


Current research paperexamines cosmopolitanism as a factor underlying consumer decisions to purchase foreign rather than domestic products in three categories of products: alcohol products, clothes and furniture. In conceptual model two other theoretical constructs for measuring foreign product purchasesare included: ethnocentrism and brand origin identification. The measurement model is examined using a data set of 271 and 261 adult consumers in Estonia and Slovenia. Data is tested via structural equation modeling. The study results confirm the strong and direct effect of consumer cosmopolitanism in foreign product purchasesand brand origin identification is confirmed as a mediating variable between consumer ethnocentrism and foreign product purchases.On the other hand, direct relationship between cosmopolitanism and brand origin identificationis not supported by conducted study.


CP CROCK was born to decrease the high uncertainty and the associated conservatism with respect to the radionuclide transport predictions in the crystalline host-rock far-field around a geological disposal of high-level radioactive wastes. The CP CROCK is formed by a team of professionals from multiple disciplines which allow the project to be undertaken in different areas (chemistry, geology, hydrogeology, geochemistry, physics, etc.) and on different scales (macro, micro and nano). Content


Abstract The reaction of 1-(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)pyridinium ylide with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate was investigated. The X-ray crystallographic characterization of the new dimethyl 3-(quinolin-2-yl)indolizine-1,2-dicarboxylate (2) shows the formation of a five-membered ring between the pyridine ring and the methylene group.


Reaction of [M(CO)5(NCMe)](M = Cr or W) with Na[TosNNC(SEt)2](Tos = MeC6H4-p-SO2) gives the stable di(alkylthio)carbene–Cr0 or -W0 complex (see title), not formed via the olefin C2(SEt)4, because the latter instead affords the S-, SS″-, or SS′S″-olefin complex [Cr(CO)5(olefin)], [W(CO)4(olefin)], or [W(CO)3(olefin)]; d8 metal chloro-complexes and Na[TosNNC(SEt)2] yield metallocycles, such as (3).


In the present study Momordica dioica fruit pulp was successively extracted with hexane and methanol. To the concentrated methanolic extract ethyl acetate was added and ethyl acetate soluble portion was separated. Both hexane extract (HE) and ethyl acetate soluble portion (EASP) of methanolic extract was vacuum dried to yield the respective HE and EASP. HE and EASP were evaluated for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in a dose of 50 and 100 mg/kg in mice and rats. Both HE and EASP significant exhibited analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities when compare to standard drug.


In this paper we report the effect of dicationic 'gemini' surfactants (CH3)2C16H33N+ (CH2)mN+C16H33(CH3)2, 2Br− (where m = 4, 5, 6) on the reaction of ninhydrin with DL-tryptophan. The gemini surfactant micellar media are comparatively more effective than their conventional monomeric counterpart cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles. Also, whereas typical rate constant (kψ) increase and leveling-off regions, just like CTAB, are observed with geminis, the latter produce a third region of increasing kψ at higher concentrations. These subsequent increases are ascribed to changes in micellar morphologies, consistent with changes in 1H NMR line widths. Quantitative kinetic analysis of the rate constant–[surfactant] data has been performed on the basis of modified pseudophase model. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


46 MicroProteins are small, single-domain proteins that regulate multi-domain proteins by 47 sequestering them into novel, often non-productive, complexes. Several microProteins 48 have been identified in plants and animals, most of which negatively regulate transcription 49 factors. MicroProtein candidates that potentially target a wide range of different protein 50 classes were recently identified in a computational approach. Here, we classified all 51 Arabidopsis thaliana microProteins and developed a synthetic microProtein approach to 52 target specific protein classes, such as hydrolases, receptors, and lyases in a proof-of- 53 concept approach. Our findings reveal that microProteins can be used to influence 54 different physiological processes, which makes them useful tools for post-translational 55 regulation in plants and potentially also in animals. candidates, may regulate transcription factors, all currently known 128 microProteins. The remaining 27 % microProtein candidates and their putative 129 targets known biological activity known protein–protein interaction domains. These 130 323 potential microProteins were grouped into the 19 remaining parental classes and 131 analyzed in relation to the total amount of proteins in the respective protein class The microProtein candidates of the hydrolase, nucleic acid binding, chaperone, 133 transfer/carrier protein, and cell adhesion molecule protein classes were significantly over- 134 represented compared to the total amount of proteins. These findings indicate that 135 microProteins might be involved in the regulation of a wide range of protein classes. Many 136 microProteins are part of a family with two or more microProteins, such as the ZPR 137 microProteins. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that most microProtein candidates are part


In this study, we presented an algebraic model of coupled one dimensional Morse oscillators describing the C-C stretching vibrations of the fullerene C 70 . Here each bond of the molecule is replaced by a corresponding Lie algebra and finally the Hamiltonian is constructed considering the interacting Casimir and Majorana operators. By making use of this algebraic Hamiltonian the fundamental stretching modes of vibration of C 70 are calculated to fit the experimental results.


Variables associated with the volume of latex released from developing banana fingers after flower parts removal were studied to facilitate development of recommendations for reducing commercial levels of latex stain on harvested bananas. Fingers deflowered close to mid-day released less latex and became less severely stained than those deflowered early in the morning. Stain severity, and the difference in stain severity between fruit deflowered at the two times of day, declined between seven days after deflowering and commercial harvesting maturity, due to the sloughing off of latex residues


This research investigates how the public of a middle-income country, Thailand, values ecosystem services associated with irrigated rice agriculture using a choice experiment. The results show a significant willingness to pay for services such as drought mitigation, water quality and the environment and maintenance of rural lifestyles and rice landscapes. The iterative procedure developed to fully analyze the incidence of attribute nonattendance (ANA) improved the model fit when compared with a multinomial logit model or an ANA model with potentially only one attribute ignored at a time (ANA-1). Moreover, the inferred probability of the class of respondents having attended all attributes was 45%, compared to 9% with ANA-1 model. However, it also suggests that 55% of the respondents made their choices by considering only two of the five attributes. Finally, this research also suggests that failing to consider ANA does not change the public ranking of scenarios contrasted by the services they would provide but would overestimate the WTP for these scenarios. (Resume d'auteur)


Isaac·Bashevis·Singer's novel The Certificate was published in America thanks to the translation of Leonard·Wolf from Yiddish to English.It tells a story about a Polish Jew who tried vainly to manipulate a fictive marriage in order to emigrate to Palestine.This essay approaches the novel from a New-Historicist perspective,analyzing the historical background and the power relations,aiming at a unique interpretation of the historicity and textuality of this novel.


ABSTRACT In recent years, more attention has been paid to exposure of the general population to household products. In order to assess exposure, it is necessary to generate exposure data. For this reason, a preliminary study of dishwashing liquid contact on Brest university students was performed. Dishwashing liquid is frequently used and when it is improperly mixed it can liberate harmful molecules. As for university students, they may have a repetitive contact with dishwashing liquid during their academic studies. Relevant parameters as frequency of dishwashing, duration, and amount of dishwashing liquid were assessed from questionnaires and laboratory tests. Tests revealed that overall no difference between the sexes and the type of residential household on dishwashing was present on this population. Amount of washed items and duration was significantly correlated, which could seem logical but remarkable considering the lack of correlation between other parameters. Values of 1.39 and 58.8 μg/kg bw/day for the 95th percentile of dermal and inhalation probabilistic exposure were found, respectively. Dermal exposure coincides with deterministic published data. In the case of inhalation exposure no published data are available. Higher inhalation exposure value may show that dermal exposure is diminished by high dilution of dishwashing liquid in water.


This essay examines the representation of AIDS in the popular Fox television series Beverly Hills, 90210 during the 1996–97 television season. At a time when AIDS has become a leading cause of death among 25- to 44-year-old Americans of various sexual orientations, mass media offerings still typically represent the person with AIDS as a lone gay white male dying in a cold hospital room. By jumping on the prime-time bandwagon and making a gay white male the central character with AIDS, 90210 provided an inappropriate representation that ignored the changing demographics of the epidemic, perpetuated heterosexism, reinforced the stigma associated with homosexuality in American society, and failed to adequately serve audience member needs. The psychological literature on stereotyping and prejudice, social stigma, and attitude formation and change is employed to critique this media representation.


Rubber is the country's second largest foreign exchange earner in domestic agricultural products and provides the livelihood for 2.5 million families in Indonesia. Rubber plantations are spread in various provinces of Indonesia which are the second largest rubber producer with the largest plantation area in the world. The purpose of this study is to analyze the integration of the natural rubber market at the producer level and to find out how far changes in prices that occur in one market will cause changes in other markets. The analyzed provinces were eight provinces of Indonesia using the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) analysis methods using Rstudio and Eviews analysis tools. The price data used is from January 2016 to December 2021. The data obtained are from the SIM of the ministry of agriculture and the plantation service in the eight sample provinces with . The results of this study are that there is a balance and short-term and long-term integration between the largest rubber-producing provinces in Indonesia. Price changes in South Sumatra two months earlier had a negative effect on price changes in North Sumatra Province. Three months earlier, price changes in South Sumatra had a negative relationship with Lampung. This means that the increase in prices in South Sumatra Province in the previous three months led to a decrease in natural rubber prices in Lampung Province this month or vice versa and so on. Lag defined up to lag 3 (three months before) integration analysis supported by Granger causality test supported by IRF and FEVD.


Development of acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD) following HLA‐identical sibling bone marrow transplantation (BMT) remains a serious complication. Aselective depletion of T cells has proved to be effective in preventing aGVHD but is associated with relapse and increased incidence of infection. As aGVHD is directed mainly against epithelial tissues we examined whether it would be feasible to selectively deplete T cells reactive with epithelial cells whilst preserving other specificities. Donor T cells which express HLA‐DR, CD25, CD69 and CD71 activation markers after cocultivation with patient keratinocytes were depleted using magnetic cell separation techniques. Depletion of major as well as minor histocompatibility antigen activated T cells revealed a significant (P = 0.004 and P = 0.031, respectively) 10‐fold decrease in the frequency of donor T lymphocyte precursors reactive with patient keratinocytes. The frequency reactive with third‐party and patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells, including leukaemia cells, remained unchanged, supporting the notion that aGVHD and graft‐versus‐leukaemia (GVL) may be separable. This alloantigen‐specific depletion may be used in matched unrelated as well as HLA‐identical sibling BMT for reducing aGVHD whilst conserving GVL.


This paper describes a speaker detection system using cross-modal association methods. Four association approaches are designed using linear and nonlinear association models. Speaker detection experiments were conducted to compare the approaches


OBJECTIVE
To determine the relationship between tooth loss and nutritional status in older individuals in Sri Lanka.

BACKGROUND
In developing countries, both the prevalence of malnutrition and oral disease are high among older individuals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Four hundred and eighty subjects aged 60 years and above were selected to be included in the sample, of which 437 responded giving an overall response rate of 91%. Data were collected by means of an interviewer administered questionnaire, an oral examination and a physical examination to determine height and weight to calculate the body mass index (BMI).

RESULTS
Based on the WHO cut-offs for BMI, 62, 20 and 18% of the sample were normal, under- and over-weight, respectively. A multinomial logistic regression analysis with normal weight as the reference category revealed that missing teeth and denture status were associated with being underweight but not with being overweight.

CONCLUSION
In older individuals, tooth loss is significantly associated with being underweight.


Objective To investigate the prevalence of preschool children's visual refractive errors and to examine influontial factors among preschool children in Wuhu county,which could provide prevention and treatment strategies to children's refractive errors. Methods A screening survey was conducted in kindergartens to investigate the prevalence of preschool children's visual refractive errors. Selecting 12 representative kindergartens to conducted a cross- sectional survey to examine the risk factors of children's visual refractive errors. Results The prevalence of preschooler visual refractive error was15. 59% in Wuhu county. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that times of using eyes,eating habits,parents education level,genetic factors,and the history of preterm birth as the main risk factors. Conclusion The prevalence of preschool children's visual refractive errors was relatively high,and the risk factors were various.


It provides a way for correct understanding the ideal elements of form tolerance to be measured and the minimum necessary condition for the measurement Thus, correct and non defied valued measuring method is established


This paper introduces the current status of equipment development in the field of through-wall radar for human body detection both in home and abroad,with emphasis on the new study progress including ultra-wideband(UWB) technique,micro-Doppler theory,artificial neural network(ANN) technique,time reversal mirror(TRM) technique,et al.


The concept of sustainability has been widely discussed in the public arena by public entities and companies; however, consumers express inconsistency and confusion around the meaning of sustainability. This study aims to provide insights into consumers' associations with the concept of sustainability in general and within two behavioural domains that represent daily necessities (i.e., food and clothing), in addition to exploring the motivational drivers behind sustainable behaviours. A total of 23 semi-structured interviews were conducted with young consumers in Denmark to address this aim. Consumers perceived the concept of sustainability as complex and mainly related it to environmental aspects, whereas social and economic aspects were less emphasised. The interviewees used examples of sustainable behaviours, which cover the whole consumption-cycle, when interpreting sustainability. Consumers had various motivations to engage in sustainable behaviours and these varied by the stage in the consumption-cycle and domain. The interviewees displayed external motivation (e.g., save money, better taste), introjected motivation (e.g., impress others, public self-consciousness), internalised motivation (e.g., reflection of self) and even intrinsic motivation (e.g., pure interest) to engage in different types of sustainable food or clothing behaviours across the consumption-cycle. Different types of motivations drove the same behaviour, suggesting potential synergies or internal conflicts.


The problem of vaporization of a light-absorbing metal into vacuum is considered. It is assumed that the density of the light energy flux is not excessively large so that there is no significant absorption of light by the vapor. The expansion of the vapor thus occurs in a centered rarefaction wave. The obtained boundary conditions relate the values of the hydrodynamic variables in the rarefaction wave with the surface temperature of the metal. This is accomplished by an approximate solution of the gaskinetic problem of vapor motion within a thin film directly adjacent to the phase interface. The velocity of the vaporization front, the surface temperature of the metal, the temperature and velocity of the vapor, and the recoil momentum are calculated.


During manufacturing transitioning from 90 nm to 65 nm node in IBM's 300 mm fab, FEOL (front end of line) defect pareto shifted as a result of the changes in integration scheme. By combining the optically based in-line inspection and electrical kerf test, key yield detractors were identified and addressed. Not all optically detected defects are true killers. Wafer functional test and physical failure analysis provided the ultimate determination for the significance of detractors.


This article presents research results on mechanically generated oil mists. The research was carried out for oil mixtures for the Agip/Eni Cladium 120 SAE 40 API CF oil for industrial and marine engines diluted with diesel oil Orlen Efecta Diesel Bio at diesel oil concentrations of 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 50% m/m. Pure lubricating oil and pure diesel oil were also tested. Droplet size distributions were determined for the reference moment at which residual discrepancies R between the measurement data and the sprayed pure diesel oil calculation model obtained the lowest value. For mechanically generated oil mists, the light transmission coefficient through the oil mist T, the specific surface area of the oil mist SSA, and the volumetric share of drops DV(V%) for 10%, 50%, and 90% of the total volume of the generated oil mist were determined. The span of the volumetric distributions of droplet sizes SPAN, Sauter mean diameter D[3,2], De Brouckere mean diameter D[4,3], the volumetric and mass percentage of droplets with diameters ≤5 μm (diameters necessary for a crankcase explosion), the minimum difference between the measurement results, and the calculation model used by the residual error measuring device were determined. The best fit in each measurement cycle (the smallest R value was analyzed. For specific indicators, correlations with diesel oil levels in the mixture were determined using the Pearson rXY linear correlation coefficient. Those results confirmed an increase in smaller-diameter droplets, an increase in the number of droplets with diameters up to 5 μm, and an increase in the span of the oil mist droplet diameter distribution with additional diesel oil. This confirmed a relationship between an increased lubricating oil dilution and an increased explosion risk in the crankcase.


86 enetrating brachial vascular injuries constitute a particular workload of the rural trauma clinics. The majority of the penetrating injuries are caused by the stab (57%), gunshots (29%), and various sharp objects (7%). The remaining 6% represents other injuries like dog bites, or car accidents.1 In this report, we present a rare case of a logging accident in which the forearm was cut by a chainsaw. The brachial artery was disrupted, and it was repaired by the interposition of an autologous vein graft.


Stand-alone hybrid renewable power generation systems have gained popularity in recent years. However, due to the intermittent nature of the renewable resources, hybrid renewable power generation systems are often designed to operate with multiple structures and multiple operating modes. The design for stable operation of such systems requires consideration of the stability conditions for all possible structures and operating modes. A stand-alone photovoltaic-battery hybrid power system is studied for illustrating the possible complex behavior in this paper. We reveal smooth bifurcation, including slow-scale Neimark-Sacker bifurcation, fast-scale period-doubling bifurcation as well as coexisting bifurcation. Under certain conditions, when the system switches its operating mode, a nonsmooth bifurcation, manifested as a jump between stable and unstable behavior, can also be observed. Moreover, a detailed analysis based on a discrete-time mapping model is performed to evaluate the stability boundaries of the system. Extensive experiments verify the analysis and simulated results.


The article proves that in recent years important advances have been made in neurobiology regarding education. With advanced scientific knowledge of cerebral activity in learning, educators have the opportunity to use interesting tools to improve academic performance in higher education when teaching a foreign language. Based on research on brain function, educators have created distance-learning tools useful for teaching a foreign language. While these tools are an important and critical element of the learning process, the emphasis in this study is different, that is, to teach students to become familiar with their own brain function and then to mobilize their metacognitive resources during distance learning. In this regard, teachers have faced many issues of organizing feedback from the study group, transferring learning materials to distance education platforms, monitoring progress and many others, while engaging the metacognitive resources of students. The issue of formation of information and communication and neurocompetence of foreign language teachers has become especially urgent in the pedagogical environment. Due to the lack of relevant skills, teachers had to adapt to the new educational conditions and completely restructure the educational process.


In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, I presented the speech development in the pre-school period, from the pre-lingual period which includes the first voices, gestures and non-verbal communication, to the creation of texts, where I described the first words, phrases and the production of texts. I devoted my attention to narration, its development, coherence and cohesion, the factors that influence it and the restoration of stories in the pre-school period. I also mentioned the pre-school reading badge, its advantages and disadvantages.
In the empirical work, I read the story of Rokavicka, for children aged three to six years, which they later reconstructed, or recounted, with the help of the book. I recorded their stories and later evaluated them according to the criteria for evaluation, adapted by L. Marjanovic Umek and colleagues (2011). The objective was to discover their ability of independent reconstructing/retelling of the story. As expected the results show to show that the capacity for reclamation or narration is increasing with the age of children. Young children, three-year-olds and four-year-olds use fewer words, sentences are not related, mostly describe things, persons on illustrations. When telling older children, five and six years old, stories are more connected, coherent, and cohesive. They also use several different words, conjunctions and longer sentences that connect to each other.


In order to improve the signal detection and resolution of chemical components with very low concentrations in hyphenated chromatographic two‐way data, the effect of measurement noise from the instruments on these two aspects is first investigated in the present paper. A new smoothing technique called the roughness penalty method is introduced to reduce the influence of this measurement noise. Our results show that the proposed method can enhance the detection ability significantly. In addition, the resolved spectra after the roughness penalty smoothing are found to be significantly improved. The performance of the method was assessed using simulated and real hyphenated two‐way data. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The CDISC Operational Data Model (ODM) is a vendor neutral, platform independent format for the interchange and archival of clinical study data. The model represents study metadata, administrative metadata, reference data and subject data associated with a clinical trial. The ODM format is defined by an XML schema and a specification. The SAS ® Clinical Standards Toolkit (CST) is a framework of SAS macros, metadata and configuration files to support clinical research activities. The CDISC ODM standard is one of the standards that are supported by CST. To enable ODM support, SAS has defined a relational data model that represents the ODM model as SAS data sets. This paper shows how the SAS Clinical Standards Toolkit supports: x Reading and writing of ODM files. x Schema level validation of an ODM file x Validating structure and content of the SAS representation of ODM The paper also looks at the inner workings and underlying technologies of the SAS Clinical Standards Toolkit with respect to XML based standards.


For more than a decade US Army CERDEC Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) has been developing real-time imaging infrared sensor simulations to aid the Army in: sensor design, prototyping, and analysis; search and target acquisition (STA) model development; and evaluation of tactics, techniques and procedures. In recent years, the sensor simulation program has undergone significant programmatic and technical changes, while still seeking to deliver simulation tools to the Army. This paper provides an update on the current state of NVESD simulation capabilities, the technical vision and the simulation validation efforts. Topics to be discussed include the transition of software to the PC platform, an explanation of the principle software products, and a look at future validation experiments and software enhancements.


Classification of brain MRI scans accurately to determine whether they are tumorous or not is a challenging task. Deep learning models are popularly used for the classification of data and requires lot of computational time and memory, however flexibility is highest when trained from scratch for a particular application. Where there is a constraint in availability of datasets, memory, computational time and efforts, transfer learning plays a major role to train models efficiently. In this work, transfer learning is used to classify the brain MRI scans to determine whether they are tumorous or not. Transfer learning helps to train the pre-trained models on a smaller dataset by fine-tuning the last learnable layers. Pre-trained models like GoogleNet, Alexnet, SqueezeNet, VGG16 and VGG19 are first trained and tested on a small 'Brain Tumor' dataset. Training is performed by fine-tuning the learnable layer of each network and by setting the training options. Performance is evaluated by using confusion matrices, SqueezeNet achieved highest accuracy of 92.08%. Further Alexnet and SqueezeNet are trained on the dataset consisting of 3064 T1-weighted images. Thus, modifying and fine-tuning the last layers, transfer learning helps to train a network which was pre-trained on a different dataset to be further trained on the desired dataset for making predictions. Comparative analysis is presented at the end of the study.


Crumrine, N. Ross and Alan Morinis, eds. Pilgrimage in Latin America, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1991. xvi + 432 pp. including collected references and index. $45.00 cloth. Cobo, Father Bernabe. Inca Religion and Customs. Roland Hamilton, translator and editor. Foreword by John Howland Rowe. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990. xxiii + 279 pp. including maps, notes, glossary, and index. $12.95 paper. Lawston, E. Thomas and Robert N. McCauley, eds. Rethinking Religion: Connecting Cognition and Culture. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. ix + 194 pp. including references and index. $42.50 cloth.


Excessive speed on roadway is one of main reasons which often results in accidents, high fuel consumption, and excessive vehicular emissions. Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) is an active research field in speed limitation. Recent studies have indicated that ISA provides a flexible solution to mitigate congestion, smooth traffic flow, reduce accident and improve driving safety. In addition to above improvements ISA may also lead to lower fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. This paper examines the fuel consumption and emissions impacts of ISA in detail using simulation tools and analyses difference fuel consumption and emissions between ISA vehicles and non ISA vehicles. According to the simulation result, times of acceleration and deceleration decreased as percentage of ISA vehicles increased. Since fuel consumption and emissions is related to acceleration and deceleration and speed, so fuel consumption may decrease about 8% if all vehicles adopt ISA, and emissions decrease in degree also. As a conclusion, ISA is a hopeful reductions technology for both fuel consumption and emissions without drastically affecting travel time.


A simple, reliable and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of residual enrofloxacin and its primary metabolite, ciprofloxacin, in meat and fish by HPLC has been developed. The drugs were extracted with 0.3% metaphosphoric acid-acetonitrile (6:4), and the extracts were cleaned up on an Oasis HLB cartridge. The HPLC separation was carried out on a TSK-GEL Super ODS column (100×4.6mm i. d.) with 0.05mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 2.5)-acetonitrile (70:30) containing 1.0mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.5mL/min. A fluorescence detector was operated at an excitation wavelength of 278nm and an emission wavelength of 445nm. The calibration graphs were rectilinear from 0.5 to 20ng for both drugs. The recoveries of the drugs from tissues fortified at the level of 0.2μg/g were greater than 80%, and the detection limits were 0.005μg/g for both drugs. The influence of baking on enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin residues in flatfish was investigated. Both drugs showed excellent thermal stability.


In order to ensure safety of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,public security organs have made great efforts to strengthen and develop the social peace order prevention system for anti - terrorism.From a whole situation of view,the outstanding problem in inner security of units is that some principals of units can't understand the relation between the prevention and anti- terrorism.Therefore,we should optimize the prevention structure and strengthen information works to heighten our ability of anti - terrorism.


BACKGROUND
Although cross-sectional studies have shown that plasma S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), the metabolic precursor of homocysteine, is associated with cardiovascular disease, the prospective relation between plasma SAH and cardiovascular disease risk is unknown.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the association between plasma SAH and cardiovascular disease risk in coronary angiography patients.

DESIGN
Baseline plasma SAH and homocysteine concentrations were measured in 1003 patients aged between 21 and 87 y who underwent coronary angiography. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the association between SAH and homocysteine and the risk of cardiovascular events, including fatal cardiovascular diseases, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and stroke.

RESULTS
During the median follow-up period of 3.0 y, 93 participants developed cardiovascular events (32.7/1000 person-years). The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio of cardiovascular events was 3.38 (95% CI: 2.12, 5.39) for each 1-SD increase in the natural log-transformed SAH concentration. The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratios of cardiovascular events across quartiles of SAH concentrations were 1.0, 2.25, 2.72, and 3.40 (P-trend = 0.007). Further adjustment for other cardiovascular disease risk factors and plasma homocysteine affected the results only slightly. This positive association between SAH and cardiovascular disease risk did not change when participants were stratified by age group, sex, and other baseline covariates. The results among a subset of participants with significant coronary stenosis were similar.

CONCLUSION
Higher concentrations of plasma SAH are independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events among patients undergoing coronary angiography. This trial was registered at www.chictr.org as ChiCTR-RNRC-08000270.


The purpose of this article is; the analysis of W.M. Ramsay's excavation and research permissions from 1890 thru 1927, for the antique town of Antioch, at the Yalvac village of Hamidabad district which is subject to Konya province within the context of Prime Ministry State archives. The documents found at Prime Minister's State archives covers the dates of between the 1908 and 1926. The content of the documents are the responses to the application petitions for excavation and research license requests of WM Ramsay.


Resistance of food packaging materials to external influences was studied. Three different film packages made of plastics (TATRAFAN KX; TATRAFAN KXP/S) and of a material containing food contact additives used for meat products(KOLAGEN) were anylysed for tensile stress, relative elongation (tensile strain), and modulus of elasticity in tension (Yong's modulus) as mechanical properties. From results allege, at packing materials KOLAGEN by implication at deep dispersion measure out valuation. At packing materials TATRAFAN KX and TATRAFAN KXP/S on defiance desing fetch by onerons strength of 67 and 40,8 N at relative elongation 177,01 and 122,66 % at longitudinal direction, and of 131 and 102,4 N and relative elongation 34,08 and 31,87 % in cross direction, respeclively. Acording to the measured mechanical properties, the conditions life and resistance to handling damage of food packaging materials can be determined.


One of the most important sector of the national economy is the energy sector. A number of changes in the sector depends on a number of factors, not only technical and economic, but also social and political. At present Polish energy sector faces serious challenges. High demand on final energy , inadequate level of manufacturing and industrial infrastructure, dependence on the external supply of natural gas and oil, climate protection commitments, give rise to the need to take decisive actions. To achieve the objectives of the proper functioning of the energy system an essential element of the process is continuous observation and prediction of changes in the system in different timeframes. The complexity of the problems of the fuel economy and energy causes computer models to be an essential tool for their analysis. No decision about the introduction of regulations in the field of energy and ecology can do without previous studies of the effects which can be therefore estimated by using models.


Abstract Microbiological analysis of food is an integrated part of microbial safety management in the food chain. Monitoring and controlling foodborne pathogens are traditionally carried out by conventional microbiological methods based on culture-dependent approaches in control laboratories and private companies. However, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has revolutionized microbiological analysis allowing detection of pathogenic microorganisms in food, without the necessity of classical isolation and identification. However, at present, PCR and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) are essential analytical tools for researchers working in the field of foodborne pathogens. This manuscript reviews recently described qPCR methods applied for foodborne bacteria detection, serving as economical, safe, and reliable alternatives for application in the food industry and control laboratories. Multiplex qPCR, which allows the simultaneous detection of more than one pathogen in one single reaction, saving considerable effort, time, and money, is emphasized in the article.


Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)‐dependent enzymes catalyzing the deacetylation of acetyl‐lysine residues of histones and other proteins. Three 9‐fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)‐labeled peptide substrates derived from the amino acid sequence of p53, i.e. Fmoc‐KK(Ac)‐NH2, Fmoc‐KK(Ac)L‐NH2 and Fmoc‐RHKK(Ac)‐NH2, were synthesized and evaluated as substrates of the human isoenzyme SIRT1. The acetylated and respective deacetylated peptides as well as nicotinamide as the reaction product of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide were separated by capillary electrophoresis in a fused‐silica capillary using 200 mM phosphate‐Tris buffer, pH 2.7. Sodium hydroxide‐mediated sample stacking was performed in order to overcome peak asymmetry due to the high salt and acid content of the sample as well as to enhance UV detection sensitivity. The assay was subsequently validated. Upon incubation of the acetylated peptides for 60 min in the presence of 2.5 U of SIRT1 at least 87% of the peptides was deacetylated, indicating that the new derivatives are efficient substrates of the enzyme.


Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is a rare autoimmune blistering disease with circulating antibodies that bind the cell surface of the epidermis and other non‐stratifying epithelia, and immunoprecipitate a complex of four or five proteins (250 kDa, 230 kDa, 210 kDa, 190 kDa and occasionally 170 kDa). 1, 2 Combinations of immunosuppressive agents are usually required to obtain even partial control of the skin lesions. 3 Mucous membrane lesions are refractory to treatment. We describe a patient with PNP whose skin and oral lesions are quiescent following treatment with oral mycophenolate mofetil.


Seventy-six cases of non-squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region excluding thyroid tumors, treated between 1977 and 1991 at our department were analyzed. Salivary tumor was most frequently seen, and the most common tumor among these cases was adenoid cystic carcinoma. The total 5-year survival rate was 61% calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the best, while malignant mixed tumor showed the worst prognosis. Among patients with maxillary tumor, the survival rate of those with non-squamous cell carcinoma was higher than that of those with squamous cell carcinoma. In salivary tumors, the clinical stage was closely related to the prognosis.


This study took the teachers of private colleges and universities in Henan Province of China as the research objects, discussed the influence of the teacher perceived principal's positive leadership on the school effectiveness, and explored the moderating role of job insecurity. A total of 450 samples were collected from five private universities in Henan Province, China in the method of convenient sampling, with 441 samples valid and the valid rate of 98%. SPSS 22 and AMOS 21 statistical software were conducted for processing, and the research results showed that teacher perceived principal's positive leadership has a positive and significant impact on the school effectiveness in private colleges and universities, that the job insecurity of private college teachers has a negative and significant impact on school effectiveness, and that job insecurity plays a moderating role in the influence of teacher perceived principal's positive leadership on the school effectiveness in private colleges and universities.


Seed orchard of Pinus massoniana was established in Guiyang using the 2nd generation seedlings.To better understand their genetic diversity and further utilize them for breeding,87 samples were collected and analyzed using 11 screened ISSR primers.A total of 249 markers from 200 to 2 000 bp were generated and 246 of them(98.80%) were polymorphic markers.Two geographic seed origins were clearly defined and they were Chengbu and Guangxi groups.Within Chengbu group,seeds collected from Hunan and adjacent Guizhou were also revealed.Results from POPGEN32 analysis showed that the Shannon information index(I) was 0.583 7 and Nei's gene diversity index(h) 0.400 3.Within Chengbu and Guangxi,the polymorphic loci were 93.57% and 98.80%,respectively.The coefficient of gene differentiation among populations was 0.036 3 and gen flow was 13.258 6.These results indicated that Guiyang(Hunan) seed orchard of Pinus massoniana had high levels of genetic diversity and great individual variations.More similar seed orchard should be set up in the future.


Recently, a novel neural network called CapsNet has attracted the attention of many researchers. It is a great attempt to overcome the drawback of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and achieves state-of-the-art performance on some simple datasets like MNIST. However, this network architecture is built specifically for MNIST and gets a poor performance on more complex datasets like CIFAR-10. To address this problem, aiming at complex data, we propose a new CapsNet architecture called Fractionally-Strided Convolutional Capsule Network (FSC-CapsNet). We modify both network structures of the encoder and decoder of CapsNet. For the purpose of extracting better features, we increase the number of convolutional layers before capsule layer in the encoder and improve the reconstruction performance by adopting two fractionally-strided convolutional layers in the decoder. In addition, no pooling layers are used in our architecture. To assess the performance of our proposed network on complex data, we conduct experiments with a single model without using any ensembled methods and data augmentation techniques on five real-world datasets, which are of higher dimensionality and larger size than MNIST. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method achieves better performance and improves the reconstruction performance compared with the normal CapsNet.


MR. GRUEBER is to be warmly congratulated on the completion of a most laborious task. The first foundations of this great work were laid as long ago as 1859 by the late Count de Salis, undoubtedly one of the most gifted numismatists whom the nineteenth century produced. To those whose fortune it has been to follow in his footsteps, his flair for mints and dates has sometimes seemed almost ' uncanny.' Death overtook him after ten years of unremitting toil in the Medal Room of the British Museum, the vvhole of the Roman coins in which he had volunteered to arrange, himself supplying gaps with the liberal hand of a veritable Maecenas. When he died, his considered opinions were found to be fully expressed by the order in which the coins were placed, with mint-names and dates attached. This was the heritage on which Mr. Grueber entered. Unfortunately, however, de Salis had left no clue to the processes by which he reached his conclusions. As far as possible, the problems had all to be solved over again. That his classification has been practically maintained as he left it, is, in Mr. Grueber's words, ' not only a lasting monument of his extensive and intimate knowledge of history and numismatics, but also an enduring witness of his surprising acumen in matters of style and fabric, which, in classifying a series of coins like that of Rome, are of so great importance when historical evidence fails.' In type and format this Catalogue follows the model, not of the wellknown Greek series, but of Wroth's Byzantine volumes. The page is of satisfactory size, and the main type is clear and legible. The small pica employed for the footnotes is, however, a little trying, particularly when it comes in large masses; it would have been well to break the line by employing double columns. The collotype plates may be pronounced adequate, although they lack the brilliancy that characterises the best work of the kind. Thus much for the manner of production. The method of arrangement is as follows: A general introduction of 125 pages gives a connected sketch of the history of the subject from the earliest times down to the very threshold of the imperial age. Special sections deal with such themes as ' Moneyers and their Functions,'' Names of Moneyers,' ' The Types,' ' Finds of Coins,' and so on, the whole written with lucidity and a due respect for detail. The point of view may fairly be described as, in substance, identical with that of Mommsen, although Mr. Grueber never hesitates to take an independent line where fresh evidence has seemed to him to justify it.


Objective To explore the surgical treatment and results of ureteropelvic junction obstruction.Method Retrospectively analysis of the etiology,clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of 46 cases of ureteropelvic junction obstruction,including ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 43 cases,2 cases of high ureteropelvic junction,fiber cords compression in 1 case,all underwent surgical treatment(Anderson-Hynes dismembered pyeloplasty in 44 cases,1 case of broken fiber cords,non-functioning kidney nephrectomy in 1 case.Results Forty-five patients were followed up for 6 months to 3 years,an average of 18 months,44 cases were cured,1 case of restenosis,and the total cure rate of 97.8%.Conclusion Dismembered pyeloplasty is the standard operation for UPJO cases,and is effective.


Introduction: Cleft lip and palate are the most common congenital malformation affecting the head and neck and the second most common congenital abnormalities in general. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and prevalence of cleft palate in the RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Method: This retrospective study evaluated 79 patients diagnosed with cleft palate and underwent palatoplasty in RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung between September 2018 and September 2021. The extracted data included based on characteristics of age, gender, type classification according to Veau, family history with cleft lip/palate, domicile of origin, and other accompanying syndromes. Incomplete medical record was excluded. Result: 79 patients were included in this study with 53% male, under 2 years old 62%. 76 patients (96,2%) were nonsyndromic cleft palate with Veau type III were the most common diagnosis 38%. No familial history in most patients (93%). Majority patients came from Bandung City (29,11%). Conclusion: In our study cleft palate involving lip unilateral was the most cleft type. These findings may provide references for understanding the characteristics of cleft palate in RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Indonesia.


The progress of surface graft modification of calcium carbonate was discussed.Radical graft polymerization,irradiation graft polymerization,mechano-chemical surface graft polymerization were discussed in detaile as well as the method of surface grafting modification of nano-calcium carbonate with irradiation and pre-treated by coupling agent.It puts emphasis on the method of graft modification of calcium carbonate with irradiation and pre-treated by coupling agent.The polymer/nano-calcium carbonate composites prepared by this method show a significant increase in notch impact strengths and elongation to break at a rather low content of nano-CaCO3.Meanwhile,the other mechanical properties were almost unchanged.The grafting modification technology should be improved by increasing the ratio of grafted monomers to calcium carbonate particles and by using the elastomeric monomers.


M type I (MPS I) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder that occurs when there is a defi ciency of the enzyme a-Liduronidase (IDUA). Defi ciency of this enzyme leads to an accumulation of dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate, known as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and their accumulation in the lysosomes, cellular cytosol, and extracellular matrix results in progressive multisystemic deterioration that severely affects the neurological and musculoskeletal systems of affected individuals. Early treatment is critical to improving long-term clinical outcomes, as options become more limited with increasing age and symptom severity: Current therapeutic strategies for MPS I include enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), but both of these are limited in effi cacy. ERT is the venous infusion of an enzyme and, as such, is ineffective at treating the brain. It also requires expensive, lifelong infusions. In allo-HSCT, blood stem cells from a donor are transplanted into the patient and provide a source of enzyme and specialized cells that are able to migrate deeply into affected organs including the brain, to deliver the enzyme. Overall, allo-HSCT usually confers better outcomes than ERT does because it provides a persistent source of enzyme and tissue macrophages that can penetrate affected organs and deliver enzymes locally. However, allo-HSCT also has significant limitations, which include the uncertainty of fi nding a suitable donor, treatment delays, and the risk of substantial transplant-associated morbidity and mortality, including graft-versus-host disease and druginduced immunosuppression. Another strategy is to combine HSCT and ERT for individuals with severe disease. Providing ERT prior to and into the peri-HSCT period could improve existing respiratory and cardiac symptoms to the point where it might reduce the risk of transplantrelated complications. Overall, there is a clear need for improved interventions for MPS I. One potential treatment approach is to engineer the patient's own hematopoietic system so that it will express high levels of the deficient enzyme, and this, in turn, may correct the biochemical defect and halt or slow down disease progression. Results of both human and animal studies in MPS I have shown that the therapeutic efficacy of HSCT can be improved by boosting levels of circulating IDUA. Clinical responses were better among human patients who underwent transplants with non-carrier donors than among those who were transplanted with hematopoetic stem and progenitor cells from MPS I heterozygotes with decreased enzyme expression


Customer emotion has become dominant for a company to gain sustainable competitive advantage,and it only meets customer emotion harmonious to keep customer loyal.On the base of customer emotion facts,this paper uses the harmonious and system theory to analyze the emotion,and bring out the emotional marketing mechanism and establish emotional marketing driving model to promote emotion harmonious.At same time it takes emotion harmonious degree as the index to estimate the driving effect.This paper also put forward the advices to advance emotion harmonious.


The NAS Parallel Benchmarks are a collection of simplified computational fluid dynamic (CFD) applications. We have rewritten and parallelized Appbt—a CFD application that uses the solution of a block-tridiagonal system—to run efficiently on shared-memory multiprocessors. We tested our algorithm through simulation on the Wisconsin Wind Tunnel. We tested our code on two major types of shared-memory multiprocessors, one using a dirNNB directory protocol and one using the Scalable Coherent Interface cache-coherence protocol. We simulated the code with these protocols for machines ranging from 1 to 128 processors. We found that our parallelization methodology worked well for up to 128 processors, and will apparently scale to even larger systems. Further study is required to confirm this hypothesis, however.


It has been argued that photographs are unsuitable or inferior candidates for art because they are not intimately bound to the mind of an artist. I believe that we can address scepticism in the philosophy of art only if we recognise that it is linked to dogmatism in the epistemology of photography. This is the motivation for the present article. I argue that the epistemic debate is dogmatic when mind-independence is treated as a defining feature of photographs.I argue for a better understanding of the photographic process, and show how  with this mind-independence need not be a defining feature of photographs.


This paper briefly introduces the characteristics of MATLAB, analyzes and designs the circuit in circuit testing and experiment using MATLAB and testifies to its feasibility through our practice.


Research into discrete event dynamical systems is motivated by the need to extend the scope of systems theory to include manufacturing systems, communication networks and other technological systems, whose evolution is in accordance with the occurrence, at possibly unknown irregular intervals, of discrete events. The emphasis is on modelling such systems for the purposes of performance evaluation and control. There is a wide diversity in the perspectives employed and the formalisms and paradigms used. However, it is possible, conceptually, to classify various models according to the level of abstraction employed. Thus, there are models at the logical level where the emphasis is on the sequence of events listed in their order of occurrence. There is work at the temporal level where the emphasis is on the time taken for events to be completed. There is also work at the stochastic level where the emphasis is on event-valued and time-related random variables. The paper discusses work on hybrid knowledge-based simulation, perturbation analysis and FMS queueing and routeing, at temporal and stochastic levels.


In modern distribution systems, the wide presence of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) (e.g. intermittent and non-programmable renewable sources, such as photovoltaic power plants and micro wind turbines), is going to cause increasing problems in the traditional management of the distribution grid. Recently, the use of Distributed Energy Storage Systems (DESSs) has been proposed to limit the impact of renewable power plants on the distribution grid. The presence of a large number of production plants distributed along the grid, which are able to interact between them, requires the Distribution System Operator (DSO) to adopt a proper monitoring system. To allow such an implementation, a communication and a computing architecture able to virtualize several renewable power plants installed in the same area is described in the present work. The proposed architecture can simplify the monitoring from the DSO, using the so-called Virtual Power Plant (VPP) approach. The proposed architecture has been deployed in the area of the Campus of the University of Brescia, Italy, for the monitoring of two photovoltaic (PV) plants and two different Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs). The implemented infrastructure makes use of several technologies, such as IEEE 802.11ac and Long Term Evolution (LTE). The characterization of the communication infrastructure highlights the feasibility of the proposed approach (the latency is less than 20 ms in the worst case over IEEE 802.11ac links with a traffic load of 80 Mbit/s). To show the performance of such a solution, the data collected from a system composed by a PV field (64 kWp) and a Li-Ion storage system (25 kWh) has been reported.


In this paper, we prove the zero diffusion limit of 2-D incompressible Navier-
Stokes equations with $L^1(\mathcal R^2)$ initial vorticity is still a weak solution of the corresponding
Euler equations.


To investigate broadcasters' complaints that the titles of college radio courses are often meaningless, the Council on Radio Journalism studied content and nomenclature of courses at 313 schools. In this article, the Council reports on its findings and individual members of the Association can contribute.


The Geopolitics of Representation in Foreign News: Explaining Darfur. Bella Mody. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2010. 478 pp. $100 hbk. $44.95 pbk.Bella Mody's cross-national study of news media reporting of the Darfur crisis is among the most extensive and complex of its kind. Mody is James de Castro Chair in Global Media Studies in the School of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Colorado, Boulder. The book is the collaborative outcome of an endeavor spearheaded by Mody that also involved several of her graduate students.The study investigated coverage of the Darfur crisis by ten news organizations over twenty-six months. The organizations were the New York Times, the Washington Post, Le Monde, the Guardian, Al-Ahram, People's Daily, China Daily, BBC.co.uk, English. AlJazeera.Net, and Mail & Guardian Online. The range includes some that are based in the global North, some in the South, a mixture of privately owned and state owned, some oriented to national audiences and others aimed at foreign audiences. Some are print, some online. The organizations differ in the extent to which their countries of location had historical geopolitical affiliation with Sudan or current national interests.The study draws on a total sample of 1,198 articles from the ten media, published during the first twenty-six months of the crisis (January 2003 to February 2005). Among other variables, each article was analyzed for its focal frame or dominant focus. Frames included causes (historical and contemporary), conduct (nature, status, process, and conduct of the crisis), and remedies. Headlines and text were also analyzed for the presence of three keywords: "ethnic-race" terms, "genocide," and "oil/ petroleum." Coders rated the emotional intensity of articles as high, medium, or low. Following extensive literature review and background on the Darfur crisis, the book is organized by a series of comparative analyses of different pairs of news organizations representing China's state-owned English- and Chinese-Language newspapers (China Daily and People's Daily); South Africa's Mail and Guardian Online with the Egyptian Al-Ahram; UK's Guardian with France's Le Monde; the New York Times with the Washington Post; and the websites of the BBC and Al Jazeera.The study confirms many long-standing criticisms of the performance of news media. While news representations of cross-national foreign events were most noticeable for their diversity of lenses and foci, one noticeable similarity was the relative neglect of the causes of the crisis. Otherwise, coverage was influenced by the national locations and characteristics of news organizations. Perhaps disappointingly for those who hoped for convincing evidence of improvement in North-South performance since the 1970s' NWICO debates, coverage by media of the global North proved strongest in several respects. This was surely related to the superior resources available to those organizations, but many other factors were at play. "Locational standpoint matters," says Mody. "Each news organization was embedded in a distinct geopolitical context that shaped its news representations."The study constructed a multilevel measure for level of press attention. Le Monde, BBC.co.uk, and the New York Times gave most attention to Darfur. News organizations located in China and Egypt, with a high national interest in Sudan's oil, trade, and water, produced mostly news articles of low emotional intensity. …


In the present note the equation yn = x1-m ym is reduced, under appropriate conditions, to a quadratic autonomous system of differential equations in the plane. In pursuance of this new approach, the main geometric features of this autonomous system are determined and a method of solving it is outlined.


The objective of the Citizen Involvement in Municipal Service Improvement Project is to improve transparency and accountability mechanisms between local governments and citizens through participative planning and budgeting in targeted municipalities. Considering recommendations from the project's supervision reports, the proposed changes are twofold: revision of Component 2's indicators; and one-year extension of closing date. During the MTR, it was highlighted that activities of components 2 will need to be adjusted, and the changes will require new indicators to replace the original 2.1 and 2.2 indicators. The technical discussion agreed on the design of two news indicators that could support the achievement of the PDO and can be completed during the project cycle.


The purpose of this thesis is to study what are the factors that make an API well of we study the most common attacks and how to mitigate them. we can use API information from the and to block calls that do have the


Objective: To determine whether a change in clinic structure designed to improve continuity of care improves appointment-keeping among adolescents attending an urban hospital-based adolescent clinic.


The servo cylinder with full hydraulic roll cutting provides precise curve force for the knives. Due to the horizontal hinged installation of heavy duty cylinders, the self weight of the cylinder will cause the friction of the sealing part to be too large, resulting in the phenomenon of insufficient output and so on. In order to overcome the influence of self weight on the seal, a small cylinder is used to support the end of the servo cylinder at the full hydraulic rolling cutting shear, and a pressure position double closed loop PID control system is designed. The system can accurately control the pressure and displacement of the small cylinder to meet the required conditions. The coupling characteristics of the control system are analyzed, and the mathematical model of the independent closed loop control system for pressure and position is deduced, and the stability analysis is carried out. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the AMESim/Matlab joint simulation is used to further verify the rationality of the pressure position double closed loop independent PID control system. The results show that the control system can control the pressure and displacement of the small cylinder accurately, and the heavy load horizontal cylinder is not affected by the self weight factor in the output curve force, and the sealing device is almost free from friction. The feasibility and reliability of the control system are proved by engineering tests, which provides important basis for theoretical analysis and practical application.


Submitted on session of the State Council presidential strategy of social and economic development of Russia up to 2020 as a matter of fact is the political decision on translation of the Russian economy from inertial on an innovative way of development. Realization of this strategy should be based on the Concept and the forecast of social and economic development of the country, developed by the government proceeding from this decision (further - the Concept and the Forecast). In present clause conformity of the projects of the Concept of long-term social and economic development of the Russian Federation submitted by the government and Key parameters of the forecast of social and economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020-2030 strategic purposes of translation of the Russian economy on an innovative way of development is analyzed.


This study contends that the reading frame for Los adioses (1954) initiates a game of conjectures and interpretations based on doubt and ambiguity. The result of this game is a re-vision of reading and writing in so far as they are intellectual activities. There is a process of "eternal return" to Los adioses, an unrelenting search for clues that the text does not reveal, and thus we engage in constant re-reading and re-writing. In this cyclical beginning, where everything repeats itself but nothing is the same, there is always an attempt to organize the material in a coherent whole so as to reach the potential meanings of the text. In order to do this, we must be mindful of what elements we place at the forefront and which ones at the background of our reading framework.


This paper discusses laboratory tests of fibre-reinforced concrete conducted at the Central Road Research Institute (CRRI) in India. It first lists 13 advantages and two disadvantages of fibre-reinforced concrete, and five existing methods for the abrasion testing of cement concrete which have several disadvantages. The CRRI investigations studied the compression, flexure, flexural fatigue, shear, shrinkage, and abrasion of fibre-reinforced concrete. Details are given of the apparatus and procedure of the pneumatic test, developed at CRRI to study abrasion. Impact of the abrasion medium at an angle of 90 degrees simulates the cutting action of a bullock cart. Inclination of the abrasion jet at 10 degrees to the vertical gives a shearing force like wheel drag dislodging particles. High particle velocity simulates degree of impact. Specimens with various proportions of steel fibre were tested. Increase in the proportion of steel reduces abrasion loss and increases abrasion resistance.


Bobbie's prose emphasizes the polemical duality of the palazzo and the piazza - the uneasy relationship between those who govern and those who are governed, and their perennial yet necessary rivalry in a mature democracy. Although no overreaching moral theory can resolve all of the ethical tensions that exist today, Bobbio chooses to prioritize the prevention of the abuse of power at the individual and group level in developing his own form of democratic liberalism. Bobbio's message is that Fascism and anti-Fascism must not merely pass into history. In this thesis, I set out to prove the validity of Bobbio's tenet that political and social democracy cannot be satisfied through the exclusive pursuit of economic democracy. Democracy, he claims, can only be realized through the implementation of democratic institutions that guarantee international participation. I aim to define the politics of culture that Bobbio prescribes to preserve the role of culture, and to show that anti-Fascism is necessary to liberalism. Anti-Fascism permits individuals to articulate their needs and ideals in society, unlike Fascism which stifles these through its monoculture. I also explain the applicability of anti-Fascism as a contemporary political method, and I reinforce the idea that democratic values are strengthened through the addition of an anti-Fascist component. I illustrate how the history of anti-Fascism and the intellectuals who are committed to preserving its memory and political utility need no longer form part of a side-lined "grey zone". On the contrary, they indicate a path to contemporary democratic theory. I argue that the ideals of the Partito d'Azione, although formulated in the late 1930s and early 1940s, have significant relevance to the questions of the current epoch. The Partito d'Azione gave rise to a popular vocation for liberty that has today become the target of the neo-liberal Right. The political programme of that Right is based on the dismantling of the anti-Fascist corpus of ideas - including the validity of debate and of non-conformist views - as developed by the members of the anti- Fascist intellectual community of Turin. The neo-liberal Right seeks to transform Italy into a market with US-style flexibility and to discredit the entire baggage of Italy's post-war Left. With Communism out of the picture in terms of political relevance, all that remains of the Left in Italy is Bobbio's social liberalism. Bobbio's political agenda was never limited to the prerogatives of labour but sprang to the defence of the under-dog, that is, those whose citizenship puts them at risk, or whose basic rights at the international level are threatened. My thesis provides a historical context through which Bobbio's work can be approached, through an examination of his role as a protagonist of the anti- Fascist movement. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).


The lectin discoidin I from Dictyostelium discoideum requires divalent cations for binding activity. The data indicate that calcium is the preferred ion in vitro. In contrast, the lectin activity of discoidin II is independent of divalent ions.


"Step and terrace" surface morphology with regular arrays of atomically flat terraces separated by monatomic steps was obtained by annealing GaAs(001) substrates in the conditions close to equilibrium. These conditions were realized under molecular hydrogen ambient in a narrow slit ("capillary") between two adjacent GaAs substrates or in a graphite cassette containing saturated Ga–GaAs melt. The evolution of the step and terrace morphology was characterized by the length of monatomic steps, which was proved to be a more adequate characteristic of flattening process as compared to the root mean square roughness.


Viota - Cundinamarca is a city full of history where today there are potential areas for development of tourism, ecotourism, sports, educational, investigative and other activities Assessment for eco-tourism areas in the municipality of Viota - Manila is the result a need that arises in many Colombians how to make a region more productive use of natural resources so that they generate welfare, profitability, quality of life and above all good management of resources.
Colombia ranks as ethno-tourism ecotourism, rural tourism, and tourism acuaturismo metropolitan. All this means that ecotourism is more attractive for its natural features making recreation, culture, education and study of values and natural aspects of the region.
In Cundinamarca Viota five sites were chosen ecological characteristics, which give visitors the opportunity to have contact with nature. These places are full of stories coffee, nature and culture viotuna.


A new class of generalized( F,α,ρ,θ)-d-V-I type univex functions is introduced for a minimax fractional programming problem( P) and some sufficient optimality conditions for the problem( P) are obtained under the assumptions of generalized type I univexity. Moreover,a new dual model of programming( P) is formulated and weak duality,strong duality and strict converse duality theorems are proved under the aforesaid assumptions. The results obtained in this paper extend and improve some corresponding results in the literature.


This item is one of our 50 Treasures: Celebrating 50 years of James Cook University.

Trisha Fielding answers the question 'Why is this significant?'

Townsville's former Customs House is located on the corner of Wickham Street and The Strand. Completed in 1902, the building was designed by George David Payne, of the Government Architect's Office in the Queensland Department of Public Works. Payne was a London-trained architect who had emigrated to Australia around 1887.

Payne designed an impressive Romanesque-style building with a semi-circular corner entrance and low tower for shipping observation. The two-storey, L-shaped building was designed to suit the tropical climate with high ceilings and fanlights to maximise airflow and broad, colonnaded verandahs to provide shade for the interior rooms.

The building was constructed of local bricks from the North Queensland Brick and Pottery Company and faced with granite quarried at Cockle Bay, Magnetic Island. The roof tiles were manufactured locally, and timbers sourced from throughout north Queensland, such as cedar and silky oak, were used internally.

The ground floor plan included a circular entrance hall, a Long Room with a public counter and work area, general offices, storerooms, two safes, two small strong rooms, and a large office for the Sub-Collector of Customs. The upper floor was designed to house offices for the Deputy Registrar, Harbour Master, and Stamps and Titles offices. A large strong room with a fireproof door was located at the end of the Titles office. The Strand frontage contained two entrances for access by the public, while the Wickham Street elevation contained two private entrances. One private entrance was for the exclusive use of the Sub-Collector of Customs, while the other was for the use of boarding officers and tide waiters.*

Although intended as functional plans, Payne's hand-coloured drawings are also visually very beautiful. Subtly different colours have been used to represent the different external building materials of granite, brick and stone. Interestingly, Payne's signature does not appear on the plans. The only signature discernible on the Townsville Custom House plans are that of A.B. Brady, the Queensland Government Architect. Though Payne was obviously a talented architect, at this time he was just one of a number of draftsmen who worked for the Department of Public Works, so his drawings were signed by the senior officer, Brady.

The plans for Townsville's Customs House reflect an era of significant government spending on constructing buildings that made a statement about Queensland's prosperity, all in anticipation of the formation of the new Commonwealth of Australia.

* Boarding officers and tide waiters were customs officers who boarded ships on their arrival in port in order to examine their papers and to prevent smuggling.


Interpreting Harmful Family Relations: Two Researchers, Multiple Stories? Eija Sevón, University of Jyväskylä, Finland, Marianne Notko, University of Jyväskylä, Finland Presented at Gender and Power in the New Europe, the 5th European Research Conference August 20-24, 2003 Lund University, Sweden The aim of our paper is to consider what narrative approach means within our two separate studies. We both are working on our doctoral dissertations on family research. Marianne's topic is 'Power and violence in family relations' and Eija studies 'Ambivalences of motherhood: experiences and stories at the beginning of motherhood.' The first data is women's writings about violence and abuse in their family relations and the other one is first-time mothers' interviews at the beginnings of their motherhood. First, we consider in which ways interviews and a writing request produce different kinds of stories. We assume that written stories are probably more attached to the conventions of writing and that interviews may produce mainly socially accepted stories. On the other hand, both ways of collecting data may empower the informants. Second, we examine what kinds of stories there are and what can be told at this moment. More specifically, the impact of cultural, ideological and mythical narratives on personal stories is considered. Furthermore, we focus on how female subjectivity is construed in women's stories. A significant part of our project is to analyse gendered, relational, embodied and situated subjectivities. Based on our data we suggest that female subjectivity cannot be characterised simply through the ideology of the 'strong Finnish woman' or rational (male) agency. Finally, our aim is to explore ways of writing a shared article of two feminist family researchers. Hopefully, the two researchers with two data could combine multiple and diverse view on women's experiences in nowadays families instead of one-sided and narrow story.


A new prediction method for the so-called B mode failure, oxide breakdown at a lower electric field in step voltage tests, has been investigated. Two assumptions are used in this model, i.e. that the defect origins are of a larger size than the oxide thickness, and the presence of the defect-invisible region. The B mode failure distribution calculated using this model agrees well with measured data for oxide thickness ranging from 6.1 to 14.8 nm. This model is useful for interpretation of the dependence of the B mode failure distribution on oxide thickness and gate area in step voltage tests.


The influence of Java moss (Jubula javanica ) on the early juvenile of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis ) was studied. The results show that the survival of the crabs in Java moss is 32.44 % higher than that of control (no watergrass ) and the average body weight of the clabs in Java moss is 2. 679 times as large as that of control.


Retrieval of entries by keywords is one of the most traditional services for genome databases. DBGET [1] service in GenomeNet [2] is a typical one which provides keyword search and entry retrieval against about 20 heterogeneous databases (GenBank, EMBL, SWISS-PROT, PDB, KEGG, etc.). In general, such a service is based on keyword indices to entries, which is generated from restricted fields of entry headers, that is, entry identifiers, names of genes and proteins, and so on. Besides this type of approach has advantages in retrieval with high precision, its recall remains low since all the keywords which only occur in the ignored fields do not hit. Furthermore, specialized indexing process, which is sensitive to the description style of fields, tends to need long time computation for generating indices. On the other hand, as WWW grows and grows, technology of full-text search is drastically progressing in these years. Since GenomeNet contains approximately 10 millions of entries, it might be promising to use freely distributed search engines for indexing and keyword search against the whole GenomeNet in practical and sufficient response time. In this poster, a result of such application study is reported.


In this study, a mixture of vinyl ester (VER) and polyurethane (PU) prepolymer was used in the field of pipe manufacturing as a matrix material (interpenetrating polymer networks) with E-glass fibre as reinforcement. In order to evaluate the mechanical strength of the fibre-reinforced VER-PU interpenetrating polymer network composite pipe, tests like hydrostatic, hoop, stiffness, and axial compression were conducted systematically with five proportions of PU-loaded VER (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%). It was observed that during the stiffness test, all the PU-loaded VER specimens have regained its original shape, size, and also retains its structural integrity. VER glass fibre composite pipes (0% PU) exhibited crazing, wall delamination, and rupture on compression. With increase in PU content, there were no such effects after the compression, but a slight drop in mechanical properties like hoop, stiffness, and axial compression was observed. The obtained experimental results were found to be in good agreement with finite element analysis data.


A critical analysis of the core/blanket complex as defined in the Phase A LMFBR Pool Guidelines was performed with respect to consistency and feasibility of the nuclear, thermal and mechanical design assumptions. Recommendations were made for changes in fuel assembly and blanket assembly design, core configuration and orificing.


Steven Hall, who stepped down last month after 10 years as managing director of IOP Publishing, talks to Matin Durrani about the challenges that learned-society publishers face


Objective To establish a HPLC method for the content determination of Ganciclovir for injection. Method HPLC analysis was carried out through C18 column, detected by Uvscattering dectector and the wavelength was 252 nm. Result The liner range was between 20-70μg/ml(r=0.9999, n=6) , the average recovery was 99. 77% (RSD=0.72%). Conclusion The proposed method is simple,conventinent and is suitable for the quality control of Ganciclovir for injection.


Peter Brierley conducts church censuses rather differently from the methods used by NCLS Research. Rather than ask every member to complete a survey, he asks for one person in each church to complete a survey about the characteristics of the church. While Brierley's censuses are not able to collect data about beliefs, attitudes and behaviour among church attenders as covered by the National Church Life Survey, his method does ensure high quality information about the characteristics of each church congregation. Like the National Church Life Survey, Brierley has the advantages of the use of a consistent method of gathering information over many years. His first Scottish Church Census took place in 1984.


Objective To construct genetic transfecting cell line that stably expressed the human CD244.Methods Human CD244 gene was cloned by RT-PCR and subcloned into retroviral expressing vetor pEGZ-Term.The recombinant plasmid pEGZ-Term/CD244 together with its two helper virus vector were cotransfected into the package cell 293T with Lipofectamine 2000.The L929 cells were infected with the supernatant of the transfected 293T cells,and then were selected with Zeocin.The Zeocin resistant cells were harvested for screening their GFP and CD244 expression by fluorescence microscope and flowcytometry.Results Genetic transfecting line L929/CD244 which stably expressed the human CD244 was constructed.Conclusion Genetic transfecting cell line which stably expressed the human CD244 is established successfully.It provids a valuable tool to study the biological function of CD244 moelecule.


Traditionally, a quarter-car model and a sky-hook controller are employed to derive analytical expressions that describe conditions for self-powered operation. The main contribution of this work consists in using a seven degree of freedom vehicle model to determine numerically the condition for self-powered operation of an active suspension system with electromagnetic actuators. The performance of proportional–integral–derivative, linear quadratic regulator, and fuzzy Logic suspension controllers that employ feedback information for heave, pitch, and roll motion is evaluated under self-powered operation. An objective function consisting of a weighted sum of performance measures, including root mean square values for accelerations, road holding, actuator travel, and power regeneration capability, is used to determine equivalent actuator damping values and controller gains that enhance self-powered operation. The resulting optimal designs for each control strategies are compared by means of frequency responses to evaluate their performance and power regeneration capability, as well as to determine the effect of self-powered operation on these characteristics. This investigation shows that the performance of a self-powered active suspension systems, based on heave, pitch, and roll motion information, can be optimized to approach that of an active suspension system with external power supply; the degree of degradation depends on the particular suspension controller and the design objectives that are adopted. The performance improvement compared to a suspension system designed using a quarter car model and a sky-hook controller is also presented.


According to years of experience,it analyzes the reasons of road jumping in the end of bridge,brings forward preventing measures of bridge jumping from basement process,road base process and strengthening of management. It also points out the constructing units should consider the bridge jumping as an important step during construction,and control it in the minimum scope,so as to ensure the comfortable features and safety.


For the problem of image quality degradation in cone-beam CT (CBCT) based on flat panel detector (FPD), a genetic algorithm based on pre-segmentation (PS-GA) is proposed for CBCT projected image restoration. According to the characteristic of that most of the area of the projected image is empty and without the tested object, a robust segmentation algorithm is used in this method to segment the smallest rectangle that contains the tested object, and the calculating range is limited to the smallest rectangle by the specially designed genetic algorithm, which significantly reduced the amount of calculated data. The experimental results show that the method raised the edge sharpness, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and average gradient (AG) of the projected images and slice images, and there is no visible artifacts introduced.


Residents of Evanston, Illinois who had incurred two or more severe life changes within the past year were invited to participate in a seminar intervention composed of brief lectures and small group interactions. The timing of the intervention and the selection criteria were within a primary prevention framework focused on a high risk population. Together social group work and primary prevention amalgamated to emphasize an old-new orientation, preventive social work.


INTRODUCTION: Biofuels are projected to play an increasingly important role in the gamut of sustainable energy options for the future. As countries such as the U.S.(corn ethanol), Brazil (sugarcane ethanol), Indonesia (oil palm ethanol), South Africa (maize, sugarcane) and others adopt and expand their biomass ethanol programs, many important questions have arisen in the media and elsewhere questioning the viability of biofuels. These articles have suggested that studies which had shown that biofuels would play a dominant role as an energy resource were wrong or exaggerated (Walsh 2008; Grunwald 2008). A review of assessments of the potential of corn ethanol reported that a positive net energy gain between the nonrenewable energy used to provide ethanol and the resulting energy from the fuel was obtained when ethanol co-products and the most recent data were included (Farrell et al. 2006). Another study has demonstrated that the net effect of the production of food crop-based biofuels through the clearing of carbonrich habitats such as rainforests and savannas is to release more carbon dioxide than the reductions obtained by using biofuels (Fargione et al. 2008). It has also been reported that the diversion of existing crops or croplands into biofuels creates an increase in food prices, which further results in an accelerated rate of clearing forests and grasslands (Searchinger et al. 2008). Nevertheless, all three studies propose that cellulosic ethanol or bio-fuels derived from degraded crop land and waste biomass have the potential to reduce competition with food crops, minimize the destruction of habitats and reverse carbon debts that result from land clearing (Fargione et al. 2008; Farrell et al. 2006; Searchinger et al. 2008). Africa currently has a relatively low level of biofuel development and investment with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa (Dynes 2008). This situation presents a need for more information and research required to address policy options, land requirements, standards and investment opportunities on the continent (ArunguOlende 2007). Many countries such as Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria and Uganda already produce sugarcane for sugar as well as some cash crops like oil palm which can be used


Clinical results for 24 patients using the Nucleus 22-channel cochlear prosthesis have shown the device to be successful in presenting amplitude, fundamental frequency, and second formant information to patients with acquired hearing loss. For all patients, this has meant a significant improvement in their communication ability when using lipreading and some ability to understand unknown speech without lipreading or contextual cues. Approximately 40% of patients are able to understand running speech in a limited fashion without lipreading, and this ability has been evaluated using the speech-tracking technique for a number of patients. Many patients are able to have limited conversations on the telephone without using a special code. Although the prosthesis has been designed with the presentation of speech signals in mind, recognition and discrimination of environmental sounds has also been very encouraging with patients scoring 70% to 80% correct for closed set environmental sound testing. Follow-up testing has indicated that the ability to understand open set speech without lipreading continues to improve up to at least 12 months postoperatively. Open set sentence test results improved from an average of 20% at 3 months to 40% at 12 months.


: Objectives: the objectives of the study are to characterize maternal, obstetric, perinatal and those intrinsic to the newborn risk factors, which are related to conditions that may favor maternal and obstetric risk characteristics, such as inadequate prenatal care. Method: integrative literature review studies. Muscle strength can be assessed through voluntary movement of the joints, or through deformities in children, since they occur due to imbalance between agonist and antagonist muscles. Results: the determination of the neurological level in myelomeningoceles is important to determine the degree of muscle imbalance around the large joints, aiming to guide their prevention and treatment, both through the use of orthoses and physiotherapy, as well as corrective orthopedic surgeries; and evaluate bladder and bowel function. Conclusion: care should be understood in the context of a multidisciplinary follow-up of patients with intrauterine diagnosis of myelomeningocele by ultrasound.


Holstein cows in early lactation were fed a basal diet alone or one supplemented with rice water or liquid whey. The main parameters measured were daily feed intake, chemical composition of feed and liquids, fresh milk volume and composition, rumen liquor pH, rumen liquor NH3-N, blood pH and BUN. The supplements decreased dry matter intake, did not influence milk production but did increase milk lactose concentration. The supplements were valuable in reducing feeding costs.


To identify, appraise and summarize the current evidence regarding the pathophysiology, staging, prediction and prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).