Based on the kernel function, a method based on statistical learning theory, the basic principles and steps of the kernel K-means algorithm are introduced. The kernel K-means algorithm is used to perform cluster analysis on the travelling crowd of Shenzhen Metro. The correspondence analysis method is used to analyse the correlation between different indicators in data processing, and the entropy weight method reduces the dimensionality of indicators. A set of subway line pressure systems has been established to provide guiding opinions for the subway company's train schedule during peak hours. In addition, a set of passenger preference analysis systems has been established to help subway companies better understand the needs of different types of users, thereby improving vehicle configuration and arrangements and better optimising the subway passenger experience.


Red pigment was extracted using Bougainvillea glabra Choisy bract as raw material.The optimum extracting conditions were selected by the orthogonal experiment,while the effects of light,temperature,pH value,oxide-reducing medium,6 kinds of metal ions and 4 kinds of food additives on the red pigment stability were studied respectively.The results showed that the pigment belongs to water-soluble anthocyanins,at the maximum absorption wavelength was 541nm,and the optimum extracting solvent was 5% ethanol,the sample weight to solvent volume 1:15 at 25℃ for 3 times,with an hour each time.It is stable below 70℃ and pH7,but sensitive to light intensity and oxidant.Cu2+,Zn2+,Fe3+ evidently degrade the pigment,but Mn2+,Mg2+,Al3+,glucose,NaCl,VC and sodium benzoate have no harmful effect on it.


The contemporary world economy is undergoing profound changes.Facing the international financial crisis and the debt crisis as well as the world economy anabiosises lacking of power,it is necessary for us to expand Marx's theory of cyclical economic crisis researches.The modern periodic economy crisis is inevitable and periodic economic crises have different manifestations.So management crisis requires choices.


Objective To study the effects of delivery mode on birth outcomes in pregnant women with mild preeclampsia.Methods From January 2011 to January 2013,68 patients with mild preeclampsia in Shenzhen Baoan District mMaternal and Child Health Hospital were selected as the research object,and divided into control group(eutocia) and observation group(Cesarean section) according to the mode of delivery,and the primary outcome and secondary outcome of the two groups were observed.Results Placental abruption rate(0.0%),HELLP syndrome rate(3.23%),severe preeclampsia rate(6.45%),the average amount of bleeding(245.6 ± 112.4) mL,puerperal infection rate(6.45%),time in bed after delivery(2.58 ± 0.33) d of the observation group were significantly lower(less than) than those in the control group(P 0.05).The rates of preterm children(19.35%),neonatal asphyxia(6.54%),5 min Apgar score 7(0.0%),NICU care rate(3.23%) of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P 0.05).The mode of delivery and birth outcomes indicators were obviously correlated(P 0.01).Conclusion Vaginal delivery has more advantages than Cesarean section for mild preeclampsia.Vaginal delivery should be encouraged if patients have the indications for induction of labor.


IN A FLEETING BUT CRUCIAL moment in Jane Austen's Emma, Miss Bates, of all characters, turns into something of a political commentator. During one of her (in)famously long, babbling speeches, she refers to the Union of Great Britain and Ireland established in 1801. Reflecting on Mrs. Dixon's new residence in Ireland, Miss Bates remarks, "'[I]t must [be] very strange to be in different kingdoms, I was going to say, but however different countries, and so she wrote a very urgent letter to her mother--or her father'" (160, my emphasis). Such absentmindedness is routine for Miss Bates, but the cause of her confusion in this particular moment--Ireland's transition from a separate kingdom with its own parliament to a province under the jurisdiction of Great Britain and Westminster--warrants further exploration. Her quick aside acknowledges that the Act of Union changed Ireland, but it also belies confusion over exactly what that change means and how Ireland fits within the British empire: is it a separate kingdom, a separate country, or something else? Whatever Ireland is, Miss Bates clearly regards it as "strange." She talks herself into a puzzlement over the difference between "kingdom" and "country," then quickly moves onto another topic. To move on as quickly from this moment as Miss Bates does, however, leads to a potentially faulty reading of Austen. Skimming through Miss Bates's ramblings--as tempting and as natural as it may be--means overlooking that Emma explicitly raises the Irish Question. (1) What are Irish politics doing in Emma? Over the years, Emma has earned a reputation as Austen's most English and insular novel. The first of those estimations would be difficult to quarrel with, but the latter, I will suggest, has been too staunchly prescribed. Emma critically engages with Ireland on two distinct levels, both of which were symptomatic of the English public response to Ireland following a concentrated series of events, including the Rebellion of 1798, the Act of Union in 1801, and the rise of the Irish national tale beginning in 1806. First, the narrator comically unveils how Emma conducts her own faulty reading of Ireland, turning Jane Fairfax into a character in a sensational Irish romance in line with the national tale genre--a satire on fanciful English consumption of Irish culture. On a more subversive level, Ireland flickers in and out of the narrator's purview, emitting a subtle yet palpable anxiety around potential Irish turmoil. Taken together, these Irish evocations disclose the Achilles heel of British imperialism: confusion around the Irish Question. Since the mid-twentieth century, critics have canonized and re-canonized the nationalistic, "little England" reading of Emma. Lionel Trilling's reading of Emma's "national feeling," its representation of an "English ideal" in 1957, marks the first official, scholastic nationalization of the novel, and nowadays the novel's microscopic, insular Englishness is rarely contested (89). The novel's idyllic reflection on Donwell Abbey, the famous passage on "English verdure, English culture, English comfort, seen under a sun bright, without being oppressive," marks the centerpiece of this nationalist, ideological reading (360). I do not seek to unravel Emma's classification as Austen's most English text. Whether one adopts a conservative or subversive reading of Austen, there is no denying that Emma self-referentially depicts national character traits. However, for a novel in as much alleged global denial as Emma, it also marks Austen's most prolonged engagement with the idea of Ireland and how that idea manifests in England. Surprisingly, however, Austen and Ireland remain a topic little explored by critics. To date, Darryl Jones, first, and Brian Southam, second, remain the only critics to voice any hypotheses about Emma and Ireland.' (2) While the recent The Postcolonial Jane Austen succeeds in situating Austen "in the world"--that is, in the wider imperial globe--the collection does not place Austen in Ireland at all (Rajan 3). …


Alternative fuel will be one of the solutions for resolving energy crisis that happening now. Methanol gel is one of them that have lot of benefits. In this paper will be discussing how to increase quality of methanol gel. The quality that we pursue is to decrease number of explosion when the process of incineration was executed. Only four factors observed in this study, include; using purple dye, number of NCl volume, number of layer, and using water as raw material. Experiment method used in this study was Taguchi Method with L8 orthogonal array and twice repetitions. The results that we get were quite surprising. Using ANOVA with 95% level of confidence as analyzer the results, show us that the influencing factors for methanol gel quality were using purple dye, number of layer, and using water.


A new investigation of the coastal cliff section at Mommark in southern Denmark has revealed a complete Eemian interglacial sequence for the first time in the southwestern Baltic area. Environmental changes through the lacustrine and marine interglacial deposits are discussed on the basis of foraminiferal assemblages and stable isotope composition as well as ostracods. In general, the assemblages indicate relatively high temperatures throughout the Eemian, and the Lusitanian foraminiferal species Pseudoeponides falsobeccarii Rouvillois has been reported for the first time from the Eemian of northwest Europe. A floating chronology of the deposits is based on a previously published correlation of the local pollen stratigraphy with annually laminated sequences in northern Germany. An initial early Eemian lacustrine phase, with ostracodal indication of deposition in a large freshwater lake, lasted until c. 300 years after the beginning of the interglacial, i.e. to the transition between the regional pollen zones E2 and E3. After that, marine conditions persisted almost throughout the interglacial, and the Cyprina Clay was deposited. The foraminiferal and ostracodal assemblages indicate that relatively deep water prevailed in the area until c. 6000 years after the beginning of the interglacial. However, both the foraminiferal assemblages and the oxygen isotope results show that a trend from relatively high salinity to lower salinity conditions had begun already at about 4000 years. After c. 6000 years the fauna indicates a gradual change to shallower water and further reduction in salinity, the latter also being reflected by a general decrease in the oxygen isotope values. The marine deposition ended at c. 10 600 years after the beginning of the Eemian, i.e. within the topmost part of pollen zone E7. This was succeeded by a late Eemian and early Weichselian freshwater phase.


A novel procedure of extracting vanadium and silicon from stone coal alkali leaching liquor was investigated. The procedures mainly consisted of three steps. Firstly, the silicon impurities were precipitated in the form of hydrated silica from the leaching liquor through introducing CO2 gas to maintain its pH 8.5. From the precipitates, carbon-white was made through further processes. Then, vanadium was extracted from the leaching liquor after precipitation by solvent extraction. Lastly, the lixiviant was recycled from the leaching liquor after two steps above through causticizing reaction. The results show that through the procedures of purification-extraction of vanadium-causticization, the desilication rate and recovery of vanadium of the leaching liquor reach 99.43% and 95.00%, respectively.And the purity and specific surface area of the amorphous carbon-white produced are up to 98% and 450 m2/g, respectively. The leaching rate of the recycled lixiviant solution is 81.7%. It is estimated that through this procedure 10 t of carbon-white are produced and 75% of lixiviant is recycled in the production of 1 t V2O5.


Introduction: Why Health Care is so Important to Canadians 1. The History of Health Care in Canada 2. A Portrait of Health Care in Canada 3. The Facts about Health Care Spending 4. Why No National Insurance in the United States? 5. Comparing Canada and Europe 6. Provincial Snapshots 7. The Double-Edged Sword of Health Care


In the paper a human body shape estimation technology based on scan data acquired from sensor controller Microsoft Kinect is described. This device includes an RGB camera and a depth sensor that provides, for each pixel of the image,a distance from the camera focus to the object. A scan session produces a triangulated high-density surface noised with oscillations, isolated fragments and holes. When scanning a human, additional noise comes from garment folds and wrinkles. An algorithm of creating a sparse and regular 3D human body model (avatar) free of these defects, which approximates shape, posture and basic metrics of the scanned body is proposed. This solution finds application in individual clothing industry and computer games, as well.


The presence of pyrraline in human urine has recently been described. Using reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography, we measured urinary pyrraline in 45 insulin‐treated diabetic patients with preserved renal function and in 30 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy subjects. The relationship between urinary pyrraline and metabolic control parameters in the diabetic population (glycaemia, fructosamine, haemoglobin Alc, and 1‐year mean haemoglobin A1c) was evaluated. The mean urinary level of pyrraline in diabetic patients with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c > 9.5%) was higher than that in healthy subjects (1.12 ± 0.35 vs. 0.75 ± 0.2 μmol mmol−1 creatinine, P < 0.04), whereas in patients with good to moderate glycaemic control (HbA1c < 9.5) it was slightly but not significantly higher than in healthy subjects (0.80 ± 0.3 μmol mmol−1 creatinine vs. 0.75 ± 0.2 μmol mmol−1 creatinine). There is a significant correlation between urinary pyrraline level and glycaemia (P < 0.008), haemoglobin A1c (P < 0.01) and 1‐year mean haemoglobin A1c values (P < 0.007), but not with fructosamine. The results of the present work prove, for the first time, that glycaemic status influences circulating levels of advanced Maillard reaction products.


This study is an evaluation of the role higher education plays within Peru's economic development and points out some possible ways for its expansion. Human Capital Model is analyzed together with the Segmented Labor Market theory in relation to education and income. The scope of interest of the study lies within the realm of employment, underemployment and unemployment of male university graduates within the labor force. It takes into account several elements: subject matter imparted and studies within the university, different careers, dif ferences in location of universities, differences among industries, wether they pertain to the public or private sectors, etcetera. The author arrives at useful conclusions with respect to the mentioned variables.


This paper presents the design and analysis of a hexagon connected transformer based 20-phase ac-dc converter which supplies direct torque controlled induction motor drives (DTCIMD's) in order to have better power quality conditions at the point of common coupling. The proposed converter output voltage is accomplished via two paralleled 10-pulse ac-dc converters each of them consisting of 5-phase diode bridge rectifier. A transformer is designed to supply the rectifiers. The design procedure of magnetics is in a way such that makes it suitable for retrofit applications where a six-pulse diode bridge rectifier is being utilized. The proposed structure improves power quality criteria at ac mains and makes them consistent with the IEEE-519 standard requirements for SCR > 20. Furthermore, near unity power factor is obtained for a wide range of DTCIMD operation. A comparison is made between 6-pulse and proposed converters from view point of power quality indices. Results show that input current total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 8% for the proposed topology at variable loads.


Multilayer and single layer GaSb/GaAs(001) quantum dot structures were grown on an Sb-terminated (2 × 8) surface reconstruction and compared to those grown on an As-terminated (2 × 4) surface reconstruction. Uncapped quantum dots grown on the (2 × 8) surface were approximately 25% smaller in diameter and had a larger width/height aspect ratio. Quantum dots grown on both surfaces were defect free at the quantum dot/spacer layer interface. The dots did not appear to be fully compact when imaged by transmission electron microscopy, which may be due to dissolution and/or quantum ring formation. The quantum dot photoluminescence peak for dots grown on the (2 × 8) surface was brighter but at the same energy as that of dots grown on the (2 × 4) surface. This was likely the result of a higher areal density of dots on the (2 × 8) surface and a lower tendency for them to intermix during capping, resulting in dots of similar size for both samples after capping. Quantum dots grown on the (2 × 8) surface also displaye...


The electron beam welding was performed on 2A14 plates.The effects of main welding parameters on the welds properties and defects were investigated.It is found that the electron beam current and welding speed can govern the heat input and the welds could be incomplete penetration if electron beam current is less than 20mA and welding speed is larger than 900 mm/min.With increasing beam current and decreasing welding speed,the number of defects in welds is smaller,and the quality of welds is better.The mechanical grinding and chemical cleaning removed oxidation on the workpieces surface can help stabilize the joint properties.The re-melting welds can remove the pores existing in the root of weld,also can eliminate incomplete penetration defects.The maximum tensile strength of the weld is up to 395 MPa after re-melting.


Objective To emphasize the significance of systermic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS),acute respiratcry distress syndrome(ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction(MODS) in the patients of acute cervical spinal cord injury.Methods The clinical data of 115 cases with SIRS were analyzed,the patients met at least 2 of the criteria of SIRS,the other 100 cases without SIRS served as the control group.Results In the 115 cases,those which met 2,3,4 of the criteria for SIRS were 35 cases(30.43%),55 cases(47.83%),25 cases (21.73%) respectively,and 45 patients(39.13%) developed ARDS. MODS developed in 35 cases(30.43%),and 15 cases died(13.04%).Conclusion SIRS is a very important criterion which has a special significance.


In this paper we consider $m$ ($m \geq 1$)conjunctions of Max-atoms that is atoms of the form $\max(z,y) + r \geq x$, where the offset $r$ is a real constant and $x,y,z$ are variables. We show that the Max-atom problem (MAP) belongs to $\textsf{P}$. Indeed, we provide an algorithm which solves the MAP in $O(n^{6} m^{2} + n^{4} m^{3} + n^{2} m^{4})$ operations, where $n$ is the number of variables which compose the max-atoms. As a by-product other problems also known to be in $\textsf{NP} \cap \textsf{co-NP}$ are in $\textsf{P}$. P1: the problem to know if a tropical cone is trivial or not. P2: problem of tropical rank of a tropical matrix. P3: parity game problem. P4: scheduling problem with AND/OR precedence constraints. P5: problem on hypergraph (shortest path). P6: problem in model checking and $\mu$-calculus.


Objective To investigate the distribution of children Mycoplasma pneumonia(MP) infection in our hospital,and to analyze the drug resistance of MP. Methods From January, 2011 to December 2013, 289 children with respiratory tract infection were selected in our hospital. MP-Ig M test and sputum samples were collected for MP cultivation identification and drug sensitive test was conducted. Results Among 289 children with respiratory infection, 75 cases of MP-Ig M test were positive with a positive rate of 26.0%. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of MP Ig-M among children of ≤1 years old, 1~3 years old, 3~6 years old, and 6~12 years old(P0.05). Drug sensitive test showed that MP was sensitive to doxycycline, minocycline, azithromycin, levofloxacin, and sparfloxacin and insensitive to josamycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin and ofloxacin. Conclusion With higher incidence of children MP infection, MP-Ig M test, sputum samples culture and drug sensitivity test should be taken in time to reduce the drug resistance


In microwave and optical engineering, there are many devices with periodic structures such as resonators, filters, reflector antennas, and couplers composed of gratings. Therefore the analysis of the scattering and diffraction by periodic structures is an important subject in electromagnetic theory and optics. Various analytical and numerical methods have been developed thus far and diffraction phenomena have been investigated for a number of periodic structures. It is to be noted that the theoretical analysis in the past is mainly devoted to periodic structures of infinite extent and plane boundaries. Therefore, it is important to investigate scattering problems involving periodic structures without these restrictions.


Close monitoring of the most significant production processes is very important for any kind of production optimization. When talking about agriculture, gathering as much information as possible on soil condition and microclimatic conditions, which include insect activity, is essential for correct decision making in farming. Using a large number of various, low-cost sensors, gives us the opportunity to create a database for a smart farming algorithm. Processing such a database requires a software system, based on self-learning artificial intelligence. This system will later suggest an optimal agricultural activity. Using such a system, the farmer has better opportunities to take the right measures when needed. This article presents the method and the low-cost sensor system for analyzing soil in the field. It is integrated into the "digital farming" solution.


Purpose – The main purpose is to provide ideas about an intellectual framework for considering the role of "economic factors" in conflict and to suggest some potentially useful future areas of research. I selectively reference some relevant findings from the other chapters in this volume.

Methodology/approach – This chapter is speculative, but raises important issues. It might seem that economic factors should be considered "hard" constraints on the dynamics of large-scale conflict and peace, whereas political factors are "soft." I propose the opposite. I argue that we should consider political factors as causally primary and economic factors as contingent on them. I present statistical analyses that call into question some recent research on the apparent primacy of economic factors in international conflict.

Findings – These models challenge a strong belief in the primacy of a "capitalist peace" or "economic peace" over political factors such as democracy. But my purpose here is no more than to suggest that this is a promising area for further inquiry. Economic factors are of course hugely important, but they are filtered through norms and institutions, which are political creations. If the basic logic of my thinking holds, similar results would be obtained for studies of civil conflict initiation and escalation.

Originality/value of paper – This chapter raises the issue of the appropriate place of economic and political factors in understanding organized conflict at various levels of analysis. It suggests how the chapters in this volume help advance thinking about the relationship between economic factors and conflict in this context and provides some novel empirical results to suggest the plausibility of the argument that economic factors may be less theoretically fundamental than political ones.


Mast cell‐derived prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is the major prostanoid found within the airway of asthmatics immediately following allergen challenge. PGD2 has been shown to have chemokinetic effects on eosinophils and T helper type 2 (Th2) cells in vitro. This occurs through the interaction of PGD2 with the G‐protein‐coupled chemokine receptor homologous molecule expressed on Th2 lymphocytes (CRTH2). The expression of CRTH2 has been shown to be highly selective for Th2 cells. Using flow cytometry we have studied the expression of CRTH2 on T cells in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in asthmatics and normal subjects. CRTH2 expression was confined to a small percentage of blood T cells in asthmatics (1·8% ± 0·2) and normal (1·6% ±  0·2) subjects. CRTH2 was enriched significantly on interleukin (IL)‐4+/IL‐13+ T cells compared to interferon (IFN)‐γ+ T cells (P < 0·001). There was a small population of CRTH2+ T cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of asthmatics (2·3% ± 0·6) and normal subjects (0·3% ± 0·1), and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0·05). There were similar amounts of PGD2 in the BAL of asthma and normal subjects. Within paired blood–BAL samples from the same subject there was no increase in CRTH2+ T cells in the BAL compared to blood in asthmatics. Enrichment of CRTH2 on IL‐4+ and IL‐13+ T cells compared to IFN‐γ+ T cells was also seen in BAL from asthmatics (P < 0·001). CRTH2 is expressed preferentially by IL‐4+/IL‐13+ T cells compared to IFN‐γ+ T cells. However, given their small numbers they are unlikely to have a significant involvement in the pathogenesis of asthma. CRTH2 antagonism may not diminish T cell accumulation in the asthmatic lung.


A combination of periodic density functional theory (DFT, PW91-GGA) calculations, reaction kinetics experiments, and mean-field microkinetic modeling is used to derive insights on the reaction mech...


Of the many questions that may arise when one tries to speak of God in the face of human suffering, there is one that not only plumbs the depths of our theology, but also touches the heart of our human experience. That question is posed in all its starkness by Elie Wiesel in his account of the hanging of two men and a young boy in a Nazi concentration camp which he and all the other prisoners were forced to witness:


Glasses belonging to the series (1-x)NaPO 3 -x(MoO 3 ) 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) are studied. The glass samples are characterised by X-Ray, DSC, FTIR and EPR techniques. The correlation glass composition - physical properties is clarified.


The invention relates to a radio frequency control lighting light source based visible light wireless communication system which comprises a signal receiving processing base station, a signal transceiving module and an optical signal receiving conversion module arranged on a mobile terminal. The signal receiving processing base station is used for converting information received into radio frequency signals to be transmitted out, the signal transceiving module is used for receiving the radio frequency signals transmitted by the signal receiving processing base station and converting the radio frequency signals into optical signals, and the optical signal receiving conversion module is used for receiving the optical signals and converting the optical signals into signals capable of being identified by people. A radio frequency control lighting light source is used, and own advantages of radio frequency communication and visible light wireless communication are brought into full play, so that compared with the radio frequency communication, the radio frequency control lighting light source based visible light wireless communication system can reduce electromagnetic interferences and can be applied to occasions having strict requirements on electromagnetic waves.


On the basis of litho-facial studies both lithofacies and depositional environments have been distinguished in the Lower-Middle Jurassic deposits of the Yugansk zone of the Western Siberia. Detailed analysis of core material showed that sedimentation occurred mainly in the conditions of alluvial plain in the extreme North-Western and Eastern parts of the territory turning to the upper delta plain occasionally flooded by the sea. High properties reservoirs are associated with facies point bars of straight channels, delta channels and сrevasse splays.


PurposeThe aim of this research is to analyze empirical evidence of the effect of governance structure (GS) on perceived success of the succession process. It is also reported that in India, family firms have a more informal organization structure and governance and have an informal and unplanned approach to bringing the successors into family business. Previous studies have reported that GS is an important factor for a successful succession process. This study examines the role of management succession planning as an intervening variable to achieve perceived success of the succession process.Design/methodology/approachData have been collected using a questionnaire schedule with 113 respondents who are successors from family business firms in Kerala, India. The study uses snowball sampling technique. Partial least square-structural equation modeling has been used to do data analysis.FindingsThe results of the study showed that GS has a significant positive effect on the success of the succession process. GS has a significant positive effect on management succession planning. Management succession planning partially mediates the relationship between GS and perceived success of the succession process.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of the study indicate the effect of GS on the relationship between, perceived success of the succession process and management succession planning. The mediating role of management succession planning in the above relationship is also confirmed. Therefore, before starting the succession process a good GS should be put in place for ensuring the success of the succession process. Family firms must implement the succession plan well to make the succession process successful.Originality/valueThe main contribution of the study is to empirically investigate the effect of GS and management succession planning to enhance the success of the succession process.


A Grignard-type reaction of phenylacetylene with aldehydes was developed via alkynyl C–H activation under aqueous conditions catalyzed by a bimetallic Ru–In system in water.


Independent policy research institutes have not been subject to much attention from political scientists. however, these organisations have grown considerably in number in great britain over the past four decades. some of these institutes ‐ which are better known as 'think‐tanks' ‐ are often said to be influential. this article outlines the development of the british think‐tank industry and then concentrates on the character of think‐tank influence. think‐tank influence is not limited to affecting the course of legislation but must be understood in broader political and cultural terms.


The Analytic Network Process is a decision method developing on the basis of AHP. This article introduced the basic theory of ANP and discussed its application in evaluating assets management of the institution of higher education through establishing evaluation index system and confirming the weight of every index.


One well established instrument of regional development policy for rural areas is the LEADER-approach, which was started more than 25 years ago. Whereby the representation is often discussed, in evaluations/research projects the participants themselves are less often asked than LAG-managers / Chairpersons. However, different points of view from different types of actors could give insights about the functionality and results of this participative approach. The question for the presentation is: who are the participants (related to gender and age) and what do they think about participation.


The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, has caused a global public health crisis. Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) caused by COVID-19 has led to an increase in hospitalizations. Disease severity and concerns for bacterial co-infections can increase antimicrobial pressure. Our aim is to define and compare the impact of COVID-19 on antimicrobial use (AU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the Dominican Republic (DR) and the United States (US).

 We performed a retrospective review of AU and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from 2019-20 at a hospital in the US (H-US) and the DR (H-DR). Our sites are community teaching hospitals with 151 beds in H-US and 295 beds in H-DR. After AU was tabulated, percent changes between 2019-20 were calculated. Resistance patterns for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing (ESBL) E coli, ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp), carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CR-PSAR) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) were tabulated and percent changes between 2019-20 were calculated.

 AU increased by 10% in H-US and 25% in H-DR, with carbapenem use increasing by 268% and 144% respectively. Ceftriaxone use increased by 30% in H-US and 33% in H-DR. Azithromycin increased 54% in H-US and 338% in the H-DR. Resistance increased from 10% to 28% for ESBL-Kp and from 10% to 12% for ESBL E coli at H-US. CR-PSAR decreased from 20% to 12%, while cefepime and piperacillin resistance increased from 5% to 20% and 3% to 16% respectively (Figure 1). At H-DR, ESBL-Kp resistance decreased from 68% to 64% and increased from 58% to 59% for ESBL E coli. CR-PSAR and cefepime resistance increased from 5% to 19% and from 9% to 29% respectively (Figure 2).
 Figure 1. Antimicrobial resistance (%) for select organisms at H-US in 2019 and 2020

 Figure 2. Antimicrobial resistance (%) for select organisms at H-DR in 2019 and 2020

 COVID-19 had a major impact on antimicrobial consumption and resistance in the US and DR. A greater impact was seen on ESBL rates in the US whilst a greater impact on carbapenem resistance was seen in the DR. The rise in carbapenem use in H-US reflected a rise in ESBL rates. In the DR, ESBL producing organisms were common prior to COVID-19 and carbapenem use was more widespread. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on AU may accelerate AMR worldwide. The scale up of antimicrobial stewardship across the globe is urgently needed to curb AMR.

 All Authors: No reported disclosures


FOR MANY YEARS the railroads have been operating their passenger business at a loss. The railroads, as well as locomotive and car builders, have studied this problem to see what could be done to turn the loss into a profit. The findings of the study have resulted in designing and building a new type of passenger car and locomotive. The cars are lower in initial cost, are lighter in weight and require less power to haul them, have a lower center of gravity, and have been designed to require less maintenance.


Stunting is defined by the public health community as a length‐ or height‐for‐age <−2 SD of a growth standard or reference and is claimed to be caused by poor nutrition, repeated infection, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation.


ABSTRACT: A "synthetic paired basin" technique that combines hydrologic monitoring and watershed modeling proves to be a useful tool in detecting hydrologic change in creeks draining basins undergoing urbanization. In this approach, measured stream flow following subbasin treatment (a period of urbanization) is compared with flow from a control subbasin over the same time period. The control subbasin is the pretreatment subbasin itself as represented by a well‐calibrated hydrologic model that is input with post‐treatment meteorological data. The technique is illustrated for stream monitoring sites at the outlets of two high‐resource sub‐basins in the Bear Creek basin of King County, Washington. Application of this technique holds promise to provide earlier warning of cumulative, human impacts on aquatic resources and to better inform adaptive watershed management for resource protection.


In the era of big data, information generally flows in the form of data. Nowadays, data have penetrated into every industry and business functional area and are no longer unavailable. For most enterprises and organizations, they uphold the customer-oriented principle whose ultimate goal is to use these data to discover a pattern that could identify their potential customers. In this paper, a customer identification model is built with SPSS based on factor analysis and discriminant analysis. The empirical data are collected by questionnaire to analyze and test the model. Additionally, SPSS functionalities are used throughout this paper to carry out multiple calculations, and SPSS outputs are used to demonstrate the statistical results. Introduction Apart from fulfilling the basic job responsibilities a company's sales managers also need to identify market opportunities by identifying company's potential customer. Customer identification involves targeting the population who have a great possibility to become customers and profitable to the company, which usually depends on sales managers' experience. However, this instinct-based ability can be replaced by objective and data-based analytics. In fact, by utilizing customer information, a company is able to build a customer identification model and its basic idea is to decide whether an individual is a potential customer on the basis of several attributes of company's existing customers. It first divide customers into two categories—active user and inactive user and then generate a discriminant equation to determine a given person's group placement. If a person falls into the active user group, there is a high probability that he or she will become a potential customer of the company. In this paper, the modeling process is divided into three major steps: data collection and preparation, factor analysis, and discriminant analysis. Data Collection and Preparation Data collection and preparation is the fundamental step in the modelling process, it involves collecting required data from the questionnaire survey of the company's existing customers, and preparing the data. Variables fall into four categories based on market segmentation which are geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioral attributes. Furthermore, consumers who are being lost by the company should also be included in the survey to ensure the integrity of the data. For data preparation, the modeler needs to encode the nominal data and hold out part of the data to test the validation of the model. A survey of a random sample of 200 customers of a mobile telecommunication company who are currently on fixed term plans has been conducted by the company's Research & Development (R&D) department and its data are used as an example in this paper to build a customer identification model, among them six are attitudinal responses which are coded based on the five-point Likert scale and three are numeric variables which require no coding. The variables are in the following table and the questionnaire used by the company can be found in the appendix. The validation of the model may be magnified by predicting with the same sample or within sample variables; therefore, it is necessary to perform a holding out procedure in order to accurately test the correctness of the model. The whole data set involves 200 random samples, in which only the former 150 observations are selected as the analysis data and the last 50 observations are held out as the verification data. 117 Table 1. Overview of explanatory variables. Category Attribute Description Code Behavioral Customer 0-an inactive user, 1-an active user {0,1} Demographic Age age in years No coding Gender 0-female, 1-male {0,1} Marital 0-otherwise, 1-person is married {0,1} Job 0-otherwise, 1-person is in full-time employment {0,1} Income person's annual income in $000 No coding Bill monthly average phone bill $ No coding psychographic Informative "I can get a lot of information from the internet." {1,2,3,4,5} Current "Internet helps me to keep in touch with the outside world." {1,2,3,4,5} Economic "It is economical to read newspapers and communicate with friends." {1,2,3,4,5} Knowledge "I am aware of internet tools." {1,2,3,4,5} Payment "I can afford to buy internet services." {1,2,3,4,5} Useful "Internet is useful in many aspects of my everyday life." {1,2,3,4,5} Factor Analysis During the data collection process, it is inevitable for the modeler to encounter two major issues. One of which is that there may be too much information thus too many predictors to use in a single discriminant function. Another is that many of the predictor variables are likely to be strongly correlated and may jeopardize the model. Factor analysis is a statistical technique used to narrow correlated variables down to several unobserved factors. Considering that the six attitudinal variables may be strongly correlated and the other variables are the basic predictors of the equation, this section mainly focuses on the factor analysis of the six attitudinal variables. Factor extraction: In this section, the modeler will identify the exact number of factors that can be reduced to and then extract the factors, during which time the principle component analysis needs to be conducted. Principle component analysis is used to reduce the dimensionality of a set of correlated variables and convert it into a set of uncorrelated orthogonal variables [1]. In SPSS, the number of factors is determined by the number of components whose eigenvalues are greater than 1. As indicated in Table 2, the eigenvalues of the first three components are greater than 1; therefore it suggests that the six attitudinal variables can be reduced to 3 factors. Table 2. Total Variance Explained. Component Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings Rotation Sums of Squared Loadings Total % of Variance Cumulative % Total % of Variance Cumulative % Total % of Variance Cumulative % 1 1.952 32.529 32.529 1.952 32.529 32.529 1.786 29.768 29.768 2 1.584 26.404 58.933 1.584 26.404 58.933 1.717 28.620 58.387 3 1.407 23.451 82.384 1.407 23.451 82.384 1.440 23.996 82.384 4 .562 9.365 91.749 5 .290 4.834 96.583 6 .205 3.417 100.000 Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Factor rotation: After factor extraction, the modeler needs to determine which variables can be replaced by a factor based on factor rotation. In order to do so, the modeler needs to look for high absolute loadings in the Rotated Component Matrix. As demonstrated in Figure 1, 'Knowledge' and 118 'Useful' load heavily onto Factor 1; 'Informative' and 'Current' load heavily onto Factor 2; 'Payment' and 'Economic' load heavily onto Factor 3. Therefore, the variations in six observed attitudinal variables can mainly be reflected by the variations in three unobserved variables. Figure 1. Component matrix after rotation. Discriminant Analysis Factor analysis has reduced the number of relevant variables and ensured their low correlations. The following task is to perform discriminant analysis by saving the factor scores and using them along with other basic variables to generate the discriminant function. Discriminant analysis is used to determine whether a set of variables is valid in predicting group membership [2]. The purpose of this section is to construct a discriminant function that can classify a given customer's group placement. Before performing factor analysis, the prediction equation contains 12 variables, where X1=Informative; X2=Current; X3=Economic; X4=Knowledge; X5=Payment; X6=Useful; X7=Age; X8=Gender; X9=Marital; X10=Job; X11=Income; X12=Bill. However, the factor analysis reduces the first six attitudinal variables to three factors, and the equation converts into Y = β0 + β1Factor 1 + β2Factor 2 + β3Factor 3 + β4X4 + ⋯ + β9X9. Unstandardized Canonical Discriminant Function: According to Figure 2, an unstandardized discriminant function can be written as: Group= -8.307+ 0.092 AGE+0.030 INCOME+0.665 MARITAL+0.265 JOB+0.096 GENDER+0.062 BILL-0.398 FACTOR 1+0.247 FACTOR 2-0.019 FACTOR 3. Figure 2. Standardized canonical discriminant function coefficients. Table 3. Functions at Group Centroids. Customer Function 1 0 -1.290 1 1.070


In this paper we discuss the application of a space-time discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for convection diffusion problems to the simulation of wet-chemical etching of microstructures. In the space-time DG method no distinction is made in the discretization between the space and time variables and discontinuous basis functions are used both in space and time. This approach results in an effcient numerical technique to deal with time-dependent flow domains as occur in wet-chemical etching, while main-taining a fully conservative discretization. The method offers great flexibility in mesh adaptation and special attention is given to the generation of an initial solution and mesh when there is no etching cavity yet. Numerical simulations of the etching of a two-dimensional slit are discussed for different regimes, namely diusion-controlled and convection-dominated etching. These results show good agreement with analytical results in the diffusion-controlled regime. Using a simple model for the fluid velocity the typical asymmetric etching cavities are obtained in the convection dominated regime and the results agree qualitatively well with those obtained from full Navier-Stokes simulations.


Experimental and theoretical investigation of process of heat exchange during filtration drying of peat and coffee waste is shown in work. Calculative dependences for researching of heat emission coefficient from heat agent to hard particles of dispersion materials were the objects of investigation is proposed.


A methodology to modulate precursor-surface reactivity and tailor the growth per cycle in Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is described. Our approach relies on in situ surface functionalization to control the density of reactive sites on the growing surface using the sequential dosing of a surface inhibitor, the ALD precursor, and the coreactant. Here we apply this methodology to ALD processes based on alkyl, cyclopentadienyl, halide, alkylamido, alkoxide, and beta-diketonate precursors, and a wide-range of inhibitors, including alkyl alcohols, ketones, carboxylic acids, and beta-diketones, in all cases resulting in a modulation of the growth per cycle because of the presence of functional groups on the surface. Mechanistic studies carried out using in situ quartz crystal microbalance and in situ surface- and gas phase-infrared absorption spectroscopy show that the underlying mechanism can be more complex than the surface site-blocking previously invoked to explain growth inhibition during chemical vapor dep...


Coronary CT angiography can be used to characterize coronary plaques based on both morphology and composition.
Coronary plaques are typically evaluated with 2D axial and multiplanar reformatted images. However, these visualization tools are limited to observing extraluminal changes in coronary arteries. The presence of plaque precludes visual visualization of the coronary artery wall within the lumen.
Since its invention in 2000, coronary fly-through or virtual angioscopy (VA) has been widely studied. However, its application has been limited by the need for optimal computed tomography (CT) acquisition and time-consuming post-processing.
In recent years, advances in post-processing software have simplified his VA design, but until recently, image quality was insufficient for most patients.
3D angioscopy visualization (3DIE) is used to visualize the different coronary artery linings and plaque appearances associated with different plaque types.


Preface. 1. Basic Equations of the PLLs. 2. PLLs of the First and Second Order. 3. PLLs of the Third and Higher Orders. 4. Stability of the PLL Systems. 5. Tracking. 6. Working Ranges of PLLs. 7. Acquisition of PLLs. 8. Basic Blocks of PLLs. 9. Noise and Time Jitter. 10. Digital PLLs (Sampled Systems). 11. PLLs in Frequency Synthesis. 12. PLLs and Digital Frequency Synthesizers. Appendix: List of Symbols. Index.


Abstract Introduction: Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHA II) or Gordon Syndrome is a rare, autosomally inherited disease with unknown prevalence. It is caused by mutations in the WNK1, WNK4, CUL3, or KLHL3 gene. It is characterized by hypertension, hyperkalemia, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and low plasma aldosterone levels, but otherwise normal kidney function. The age of onset of PHA2 is variable, ranging from infancy or childhood to adolescence and adultdood. The electrolyte and blood pressure abnormalities of PHA II is often managed with salt restriction and hydrochlorthiazide (HCTZ). Here we report a rare case of Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II in an adolescent patient. Case Presentation: A 16-yo female with past medical history of asthma and anemia presented to the emergency department with acute severe abdominal/suprapubic pain, associated with diaphoresis, non bloody diarrhea and non bilious non bloody vomiting. The patient also reported daily headaches relieved with Tylenol. In the ED, she was found to be hypertensive at 190/118 mmHg. Blood count showed mild anemia but normal white count and platelets. Comprehensive metabolic panel showed sodium 140, potassium 6.6, chloride 115, bicarbonate 16, creatinine 0.5, and normal liver enzymes. Urine electrolytes were as follows: sodium 189, potassium 20.8 and chloride 140. Arterial Blood Gas ahowed pH of 7.32. Plasma renin activity was low normal at 0.34 and aldosterone level was 2. CT scan of abdomen and pelvis was unremarkable. The blood work was consistent with pseudohypoaldosteronism type II or Gordon syndrome. The patient was adopted so there was no family history. She was started on hydrochlorothiazide. Later, she developed severe itching reaction with hydrochlorthiazide. She is currently being treated with Indapamide, with well controlled blood pressure and normal electrolytes. Conclusion: Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II or Gordon's Syndrome is a rare disease, with usually autosomal dominant inheritance, with no specific diagnostic criteria for diagnosis. It should be suspected in adolescent or adult patients with hyperkalemia with normal glomerular filtartion, accompanied by hypertension (can be absent), metabolic acidosis, hyperchloremia, decreased plasma renin, relatively suppressed aldosteronism and family history of similar findings.


Test case prioritization (TCP) refers to the process, which evaluates test cases ranking within a test suite. Currently, the focus of TCP research lay mainly in code-based testing. However, the Model-Based Testing (MBT) context still need more investigation. This paper presents a new distance function for defining the degree of similarity between MBT generated test cases. These test cases are represented by labeled graphs, and their similarity is measured. In the paper, the function is applied in Hint-Based Adaptive Random Prioritization method, and improved fault-detection performance is presented.


VoIP is defined by the International Telecommunications Union Standardization Sector (ITU-T), in its recommendation H.323, as a set of protocols for multimedia (video and voice) communication in IP networks. Implementing VoIP in data networks is known as convergence, which reduces infrastructure purchasing costs as well as allowing users mobility in accessing the data network: above all, it means a reduction in the number of telephone calls. Making use of open code to replace part of the equipment necessary for VoIP implementation (gatekeeper), and softphone, reduces the cost of this implementation


Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases are structurally diverse isoenzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the acyl group at the second position of glycerol in unusual, bioactive phospholipids (Fig. 1). Thus, as categorized by enzymatic activity, they are phospholipases A2 (Groups VII and VIII, Ref. 1), which often initiate signal transduction and are regulated by the state of the cell activation. However, the platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) acetylhydrolases have the opposite role; they were discovered by investigators who focused on the inactivation of PAF (2). The phospholipid PAF has diverse physiological and pathological functions, and its inactivation was identified as an important step in regulating the overall biological function; indeed PAF acetylhydrolase has been termed a signal terminator (3). However, an immediate problem is apparent; phospholipases A2 are a common component of venoms, and their role in this context is to facilitate the spread of toxins by degrading membrane phospholipids; thus, how could there be such an active enzyme circulating in blood and present in the cytoplasm of cells? The answer came when it was shown that the PAF acetylhydrolases have marked selectivity for phospholipids with short acyl chains at the sn-2 position; with chains longer than nine carbons there was essentially no measurable activity (Fig. 2) (4, 5). Thus, normal membrane phospholipids are protected from hydrolysis by an intrinsic property of the enzyme. Subsequently, it was discovered that certain forms of PAF acetylhydrolases have a broader spectrum of action; they hydrolyze phospholipids containing relatively long sn-2 acyl chains (up to 9 methylene groups, Ref. 5). However, in this case, the suitability of a phospholipid as a substrate depends on another form of unusual sn-2 acyl group, one that contains a carbonyl group at the v-end of the acyl chain (5). The markedly restricted substrate specificity of PAF acetylhydrolases is unusual among phospholipases A2, and the unifying feature of the substrates utilized is that they have potent biological actions, which can lead to pathological events when they accumulate inappropriately. The nature of the substrates hydrolyzed by PAF acetylhydrolases points at key roles for these activities in physiology and pathology, and it has provided important clues into what is currently thought to be the main function of these enzymes, which is to act as scavengers of bioactive phospholipids. The initial studies on PAF acetylhydrolases were performed on the secreted form found in mammalian plasma; this isoform circulates in blood as a complex with lipoproteins (6, 7). In addition, PAF acetylhydrolase activities were identified in the cytosolic fraction of various mammalian tissues (8, 9) and human blood cells (9, 10). These activities have substrate specificities quite similar to that of the plasma PAF acetylhydrolase and thus belong to the same group of calcium-independent phospholipases A2. However, the plasma (11) and intracellular (12–14) forms of PAF acetylhydrolase are encoded by individual genes, and the identity among these varies widely, depending on the intracellular isoform. It is not yet precisely known how each domain affects the function of each PAF acetylhydrolase, but the diversity in gene structure most likely serves to determine specific roles played by each member of the group. PAF, the phospholipid that led to the discovery of PAF acetylhydrolase, is a mediator of a wide range of immune and allergic reactions (15, 16). It activates inflammatory cells at very low concentrations (10–10 M) through a G-protein-linked, serpentine receptor, and it is synthesized in a regulated pathway(s) in response to a variety of agonists. If the mechanism for PAF inactivation is impaired in some way, the return to basal conditions may be compromised, resulting in prolonged inflammation and inappropriately long recruitment of effector cells to sites of injury. The second group of compounds hydrolyzed by PAF acetylhydrolases, the oxidatively fragmented phospholipids (17, 18), also has short acyl groups at the sn-2 position of glycerol, but they are derived from oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids that occupy this position in the phospholipids of cellular membranes. These compounds apparently mimic the structure of PAF closely enough to bind to its receptor and thereby elicit the same responses. The similarities between PAF and the oxidatively fragmented phospholipids are contrasted by one essential difference: the synthesis of PAF is highly controlled (16, 19, 20) whereas oxidized phospholipids are produced in an unregulated manner. Therefore, the extent to which products of phospholipid oxidation will accumulate depends very heavily on the rate at which they are catabolized. The fact that PAF acetylhydrolases are maximally active in the basal state and do not require calcium for activity ensures that these activities provide an immediate defense mechanism against toxic effects mediated by fragmented phospholipids.


Planned reproduction in the Peoples Republic of China encompasses both marital postponement and fertility limitation within marriage. Marital postponement has long-run potential because it can serve to eliminate 1 or 2 generations within an extended period of about 1 century. Little documentation exists on the extent to which Chinas youth has followed repeated exhortations to delay matrimony. The data presented are probably the 1st of their kind available anywhere and were obtained first hand by "opportunity sample." There were indications that marriage during adolescence has disappeared. The median age at the birth of 1st child for current age group 25-29 (1973) was 27.0 for men and 24.0 for women compared were 23.5 for men in age group 40-44 and 20.0 for women in the same age group. In other words those whose most impressionable years were spent in the new society exhibited a radically different pattern of parenthood. It is thought that efficient use of contraception played a minor role in these changes.


Abstract The local wave function of π electrons is constructed according to the structural property of C 60 molecules, and the hopping energies are calculated. For the unequal sp 3 hybridization, when the effective nuclear charge number Z=1 112 the energy gap (LUMO HOMO), bandwidth and ionization threshold (T 3g H u) obtained by optimizing calculation are 1 70eV,12 19eV and 8 13eV,respectively, these coincide with the experimental results. The corresponding hopping energies are: -2 299eV and -2 113eV for the nearest neighbors; 0 103eV and 0 170eV for the next nearest neighbors; -0 036eV,-0 013eV and -0 005eV for the third neighbors. On the other hand, the computed result also reveals that there are a lot of Rydberg orbitals for C 60 molecules.


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This article reviewed a method for increasing teachers' use of behavior-specific praise, which is especially important for students with emotional and behavioral disabilities. The use of performance feedback has been researched fairly extensively and has yielded positive outcomes when compared with other forms of consultation. This article provides research to support the use of performance feedback as well as a framework for building systems to support implementation.


In biomass gasification facilities different biomasses are used, with different proportions of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. Several pretreatments are performed in these installations in an effort to change physical characteristics of the feedstock such as drying, size reduction, size fractionation, and leaching with water. Taking into account that lignin gasification produces more hydrogen than other components of the biomass, it could be of interest as a pretreatment that improves lignin content. Composting is a biological process that modifies biomass composition, increasing lignin content. Without going into any economic details, the present work studies the effect of biomass composting (biological pretreatment) on hydrogen production in air gasification. This laboratory-scale experience was completed, studying the effect of the heating rate on the gasification process. In this study, two different biomasses were used: Leucaena (Leucaena Leucocephala) and Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus palmensis). T...


The invention relates to a current-mode controlled switching regulator and a control method thereof. After the switch transistor M1 is turned on, the time is set into t; the resistance value of a resistor 13 is set into Roffset; the on-state resistance of the switch transistor M1 is set into Ron; the valley current value of a sensor current iL is set into iLvalley; the capacity of a capacitor 16 is set into Cvs, then the ramp voltage Vs of the switch transistor M1 on the on-state is as follow: Vs=Vin-A*Vin*Roffset-Ron*iLvalley-A*Vin/Cvs*t. If A/Cvs=Ron/L, then dVs/dt=- Ron*Vin/L. The inclinedangel dVs/dt of the ramp voltage Vs changes along with the change of the input voltage Vin. The invention can be applicable to slope compensation even with a wide input and output voltage range with a simple circuit, thereby avoiding vibrations such as subharmonic.


C-type natiruetic peptide (CNP) showed a potent effect on the elongation of the tibial organ culture system. CNP also corrected the dwarfing phenotype of the CNP knockout mice. These results suggest that CNP is the novel promoter of the endochondral ossification, and that CNP/GC-B activation is possible target of the treatment of the achondroplasia.


It ́s visible the seriousness of traffic behavior problems can result in throughout society, inadequate attitudes of both drivers and pedestrians contribute to the worsening of high traffic accident rates. In this sense, the present research had as general objective to know the insecure behaviors of the pedestrians in the traffic. The subjects of the survey were 10 women and 10 men. This study was characterized as quantitative and exploratory research. Data were collected through a questionnaire. The results of the research demonstrated the lack of attention of the pedestrians and the powerful effect that the insecure behavior in the traffic promotes to the society, being the pedestrian one of these agents. Thus, there is an urgent need to elaborate projects that corroborate in action plans for the safety of all in traffic, especially regarding educational campaigns directed at pedestrians, since 50% of participants in this study showed unsafe traffic behaviors.


The invention relates to an alcohol-based powder coating for cast iron. The power coating comprises: by weight, zircon power, 2-3% of an organic suspending agent, 0.2-0.4% of rosin, 0.2-0.4% of phenolic resin, 0.4-0.8% of polyvinyl butyral and the balance being an additive, wherein the percentages are based on the mass percentage of the zircon power. According to the organic suspending agent, calcium bentonite is purified, is added into a sodium carbonate aqueous solution, and is converted to sodium bentonite through an ion exchange reaction, and then, quaternary ammonium salt is added for displacement, and finally drying is carried out to prepare organobentonite. The zircon power, the organic suspending agent, rosin, phenolic resin, polyvinyl butyral and the additive are mixed; the mixture is added into a ball mill to carry out ball milling for 3-4 hours; and finally sieving is carried out. The alcohol-based powder coating for cast iron is convenient and safe to transport and store, has advantages of long shelf life, stable performance, good levelability and thixotropic property and strong anti-burn on capability, is salubrious to brush and moderate to penetrate, and is dry and will not foam when ignited.


Les Bell is Professor and Head of the School of Education and Community Studies at Liverpool John Moores University; David Halpin is a Professor at the Department of Educational Studies at Goldsmiths' College, London; and Sean Neill is at the Institute of Education of the University of Warwick. In this article they report upon research in which they have been jointly involved which, inter alia, examines the extent to which management practices vary systematically between primary schools that enjoy different degrees of institutional autonomy.


Results: Results: 356 patients with a mean age of 67 y/o and a ratio of 1:1.4 female to male patients were identified for the study. 244 megapolypectomies were successful as defined by the absence of adenoma in 4 to 6 months follow-up. In 17 cases, where the endoscopist opined a complete resection, recurrence was found on 6 to 24 months follow up. 28 patients were referred to surgery, and 67 had no follow-up information available. The 28 polyps referred to surgery were on average 4.0cm of size, and the pathologist identified in samples no disease(28.7%), highgrade dysplasia(14.2%), and malignancy(57.1%). The endoscopist was not able to complete the resection during the first intervention of 12 cases due to non-lift sign (50%) or difficult resections (50%). The remaining 16 cases had a series of endoscopic interventions to remove residual adenoma leading to the decision of referring the patient for surgical resection due to the inability of completing the resection. Of the successful megapolypectomies, the average number of interventions required for completion was 1.3 for 3-4cm polyps, and 1.6 for 4.1-5 cm polyps (P=0.0047). On average the therapeutic endoscopists removed 3.7cm polyps successfully compared to gastroenterologists removed 3.3cm polyps successfully (P=0.043). We observed a rate of 22.6 % (N=235) incorrect impression for the first intervention. The complication rate of megapolypectomies was found to be 7.6%. 25 were bleeds (93%) and 2 were perforations (7%).


This chapter seeks to apply the critical perspectives of the previous chapters to provide some pragmatic and practical suggestions for redeveloping the UK research impact agenda. To do this, the chapter summarises the key concerns about, and support for, research impact identified in the book and situates these findings in the context of existing literature/debates. It then draws on suggestions from each of the book's five authors to outline alternative potential approaches to incentivising, monitoring and rewarding research impact, informed by the ideas evident in their respective research and subject areas.


Phytoremediation is the process through which contaminated land is ameliorated by growing plants that have the ability to remove the contaminating chemicals. The processes in phytoremediation include phytodegradation, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization and rhizofiltration. In addition, the association of plant and microorganism in the rhizosphere seems to enhance removal of the contaminants. Although relatively slow, phytoremediation is environmentally friendly, cheap, requires little equipment or labor, is easy to perform, and sites can be cleaned without removing the polluted soil; it is an in situ method. In addition, precious metals, such as gold, zinc and chromium, collected by the hyperaccumulator can be harvested and extracted as phytoextraction. However, the key factor for successful phytoremediation is identification of a plant that is tolerant and suitable for each area, one which can accumulate high concentrations of the required metal. In addition, the mechanism of heavy metal accumulated in the plant should be studied before the application. Advance research in phytoremediation has been focused on the analysis of the distribution and speciation of metals accumulated in the hyperaccumulative plant by using synchrotron radiation and the techniques of micro-X-ray fluorescence imaging (μ-XRF imaging) and X-ray adsorption fine edge structure (XAFS). Expression of metal-inducible proteins in plant such as glutathione, methallothionine and heat-shock proteins have been extracted by various suitable extraction buffers, separated and purified by the techniques of dialysis, chromatography and gel electrophoresis. Then, the amino acid sequences, the crystal structures of proteins, and the status of the metal bound in the proteins have been studied. In addition, the microorganisms in the rhizosphere of metal hyperaccumulative plants have been investigated by isolating the bacteria that are tolerant to heavy metals and contain plant growth promoting properties; such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) phytohormone and 1-aminocyclopropane-1carboxylate (ACC) deaminase production, etc. Finally, the plant design for successful phytoremediation in any contaminated area should be concerned with ground water, running off, geology and the effect of growing the plant on biodiversity. Especially, harvesting management and byproduct utilization should be studied and investigated to convince local people and government of the usefulness of phytoremediation.


American science funding came out of the recent budgetary collisions relatively unscathed, but those interested in detecting gravitational waves fared badly. The programme in question, the Laser Interferometric Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO), was one of the limited number of "new starts" that the National Science Foundation had hoped to run through this year's congressional gauntlet. It failed the test.


The aim of this work is the validation of a recently proposed analytical model for the prediction of thermal instability in power MOS by means of experimental evidence. The analysis of a number of commercially available devices illustrates the critical role played by some basic electrical parameters on the thermal ruggedness. In particular, it is shown that transistors with large threshold voltage values are more prone to thermally-induced limitations in pulsed safe operating area (SOA).


In cell–material interactions, cells use filopodia to sense external biochemical and mechanical cues, and subsequently dictate their survival. In an effort toward understanding how disordered topography of stiff materials influences filopodial recognition, diamond films with grain sizes varying from nano‐ to micrometers are fabricated for the investigation of osteoblast filopodial extension. Interestingly, straight filopodia with pronounced cell–substrate adhesion are observed on a nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) region, whereas filopodia on a microcrystalline diamond (MCD) surface only adhere to, and get deflected by, large diamond grains. More importantly, filopodia on NCD keep propagating with a constant velocity, whereas the same process takes place in a slow and intermittent manner on MCD. A theoretical model is also developed and it suggests that the contact between the disordered topography and the filopodial tip plays a key role in altering filopodial growth dynamics. In particular, it is predicted that large surface asperities can block the movement of the filopodial tip, delay its extension, and cause bending of the structure, in quantitative agreement with experimental observations. These findings reveal previously underappreciated effects of random, stiff topographies on the response of cells, and hence can provide new insights for the design of future implant biomaterials.


Lifetime of liquid propellant rocket engine(LRE) is a key parameter of LRE development plan and reliability of the engine. The logs of development and qualification tests for LRE of United States, Europe, Japan and Russia were investigated. The total number of tests was divided by the number of engines tested in order to estimate lifetime in terms of frequency and the accumulated test time was divided by the number of engines to measure the duration lifetime. LRE of Russia has a few test and short test time accumulated for one engine compared to ones of the Western nations.


For many advanced practice nurses working in today's health care environment is difficult with managed care reduced office time per patient and reimbursement issues. Challenges to practitioners that provide care to adolescent females are even more complex. Over the years the needs of adolescent females have changed. Many of these young women have grown up in an environment of greater sexual exposure than any other generation. In addition the American Academy of Pediatrics identified in 1997 that the early development of secondary sexual characteristics and the decrease in the average age in onset of puberty has forced younger female adolescents to confront more than grades in school or peer relationships. Adolescent sexual health has become of utmost concern for health care providers trying to educate their young female patients about healthy choices. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Risk Behavior Survey in 1999 half (49.9 percent) of all U.S. high school students had had sexual intercourse. Nationwide 8.3 percent of students had initiated sexual intercourse before age 13. (excerpt)


The article aims to assess the level of factors effecting on customer's satisfaction with The State Health Insurance, study the case of Vietnam. Parasuraman's SERVQUAL model is utilized to measure the influence of five factors on the customers' satisfaction with the Vietnam's State Health Insurance. Five factors are (1) Tangibles, (2) Reliability, (3) Empathy, (4) Assurance and (5) Responsiveness. The data is surveyed by questionnaire by sampling selection method from three Vietnamese largest cities with a total of 764 respondents. Based on the results of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and multiple regression analysis, five factors have positive effects on the customers' satisfaction. The level of responsiveness effect is highest, whereas the level of empathy effect is lowest. This empirical result demonstrates that the service quality is essential to create high customers' satisfaction with The State Health Insurance although it is compulsory for all Vietnamese citizens. Improving service quality is the key to maintain a high covered rate of state health insurance, which contributes to ensuring social security. Keywords: customer's satisfaction, The State Health Insurance. DOI : 10.7176/JESD/10-24-08 Publication date: December 31 st 2019


We investigate thc close relations existing between certain geometric properties of domains Ω of RN, the validity of Poincark inequalities in Ω, and the behavior of solutions of semilinear parabolic equations. For the equation ut-△u=|u|p-1 we obtain a purely geometric, necessary and sufficient condition on Ω, for the 0 solution to be asymptotically (and exponentially) stable in Lr(ω)1 N(p-1)/2 . The condition is that the inradius of Ω be finite. The result is different for r critical. For the equation ut-△u=up-μ|u|q,q≥p>1,μ>0 we prove that the finiteness of the inradius is a necessary and sufficient condition for global existence and boundedness of all nonnegative solutions.


Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) has high reliability. However, partial discharge (PD) may occur. PD may lead the insulation breakdown. It is needed to detect PD before breakdown occurs. PD emits electromagnetic (EM) wave. UHF detection method is the most effective method to detect PD induced EM wave in GIS. The characteristics of EM wave propagating through GIS are needed to optimize sensor position for partial discharge detection. This paper discusses the propagation of PD induced EM wave in single phase and three phase 150 kV GIS. The difference between single phase and three phase GIS cause different electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic in GIS. By knowing the difference, UHF sensor settings can be determine. The simulation results show that single phase GIS has higher transmission rate, voltage intensity, and dominant frequency spectra than three phase GIS.


Raman scattering investigations of surfactant solubilized SWCNTs under hydrostatic pressure were performed. The wave number dependence on pressure for the tangential bands was observed to be discontinuous at 2 GPa, with change of slope for higher pressures. This change coincides with the calculated critical pressure for collapse of the tubes. Therefore, it could be considered as indicative of deformation of the tube along the radial direction. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Donor−acceptor complexes MX3−D (M = Al, Ga, In; X = F, Cl, Br, I; D = YH3, PX3, X-; Y = N, P, As) and their components have been studied using self-consistent field and hybrid Hartree−Fock/density functional (B3LYP) methods with effective core potentials. The theoretical dissociation energies of the MX3−D complexes decrease in the orders F > Cl > Br > I, Al > Ga < In, and N ≫ P ≥ As for all investigated complexes. The calculated (B3LYP/LANL2DZP) dissociation energies for ammonia adducts are on average 7 kJ mol-1 higher than those from experiment. There is no correlation between the dissociation energy and the degree of charge transfer. Complexes of ammonia and metal fluorides have mostly ionic metal−donor bonds, while the other donor−acceptor adducts are mostly covalently bonded. In addition, a significant charge redistribution between the terminal atoms leads to further electrostatic stabilization of ammonia adducts. Coulomb interactions destabilize MX3−PX3 complexes, and despite some experimental indica...


Data-driven ontology-based knowledge (OK) presentation and computational linguistics for evolving semantic Asian social networks (ASNs) can make one of the most important platforms that provide robust and real-time data mapping in massive access across the heterogeneous big data sources in the web that is named OK-ASN. It benefits from computational intelligence, web-of-things (WoT) architecture, semantic features, statistical learning and pattern recognition, database management, computer vision, cyber-security, and language processing. OK-ASN is a critical strategy for WoT big data mining and enterprises from social media to medical and industrial sectors.


The evolution of computers has inspired the conception of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Experiments in HCI are increasingly including members of the next generation (those in their twenties and thirties) who are well educated and proficient in modern technologies. In this paper, behavioral and technological issues are both addressed in the field of HCI. The primary goal of this research in HCI is to shed light on previously unseen perspectives of human behavior and its connection to technology. The concept of resilience has been used in several contexts, including the corporate world, psychology, education, and the economics. Self-efficacy, optimism, self-awareness, and the ability to derive meaning from one's experiences are just a few of the foundational factors that contribute to resilience. An improved organization's resilience may be achieved via the use of this method. All of this will be done by resilience in order to increase people's awareness of the tools at their disposal for dealing with the difficulties that already exist.


Addressing a lot of marginal and small farmers in developing country like India, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute introduced an alternate approach to public extension as IARI-Post office Linkage Extension Model in 2009 to reach out the grass root farmers with improved frontline technologies in remote villages through Branch post masters. In the initial expansion phase, there is a need to analyze the impact and future perspective of the model in relation to farmers' behaviours. Interpreting farmers' orientation towards the model could be measured through Original Research Article Sahoo et al.; AJAEES, 37(4): 1-13, 2019; Article no.AJAEES.53794 2 attitude scale construction with the new concept. Likert-type scale was considered with statements preparation and validation through juries' method and relevancy score method. The scale was pretested in a non-sample area. Item analysis of thirty-six (36) filtered statements could reduce to eighteen (18) reliable attitude statements in the final scale with accepted "t" values. The reliability test showed the scale was quite reliable through Cronbach alpha value as 0.75 and split half reliability full test value as 0.72 after Spearman-Brown correction. The scale was found to be valid through content validity and known group method test. The scale was administered to the sample farmers with five point continuum response in the Likert scale would categorize farmers into five classes like least favourable, less favourable, favourable, highly favourable, very highly favourable attitudes. Measuring attitude through a standardized scale of stakeholders facilitates future strategy and decision making by policy makers. It can be further validated in meeting several future innovative extension methods.


Among the developmentally supportive care modalities that have been tested in the treatment of preterm infants, music interventions have been tested quite intensively. This article reports on the environmental, cultural, and philosophical considerations of a research program that studied the effects of live music, wordless singing, and rhythm upon neonates in a Middle Eastern NICU hospital unit. The cultural setting and dynamics of the NICU created a unique challenge which involved the discovery of music as an intervention that effectively enhanced communication within a culturally divergent population. At the same time, music decreased stress and increased a sense of humanity in the intensive care unit setting. Keywords arts medicine, maternal singing, NICU music therapy, wordless singing, live healing music, frame drum


epitaxial thin film inthe THz region. In the normal state, the complex conductivity shows a Drude-type frequency depen-dence, while in the superconducting state, the frequency dependence of the complex conductivitychanges to that of a typical superconducting materials. We estimated the magnetic penetrationdepth at absolute zero to be 710 nm and the superconducting gap energy to be 2.8 meV, whichis considered to be the superconducting gap opened at the electron-type Fermi surface near the Mpoint. We succeeded in obtaining the low-energy elementary excitation of a Fe-based superconductorusing the electromagnetic method without invoking the Kramers-Kronig transformation.


The clamping element (10) comprises a supporting plate wedge ring pipe clamping structure, the exposed outer surface of the plate (20) provided with a large clamping teeth (22) and a small gripping teeth (24) of the array, large teeth ( 22) is smaller than the tooth (24) from the outer surface of the plate (20) projecting more.


The present invention relates as described herein and as defined in the general formula I substituted pyrazolopyrimidine group - indazole compounds, pharmaceutical preparation of the compound, intermediate compounds for preparing said compound, said compound comprising the compositions and combination for the preparation of the compound and the treatment or prevention of diseases, particularly hyperproliferative and / or angiogenesis disorder a pharmaceutical composition, the reagent alone or in combination with other active ingredients.


The association patterns and ecology of sea turtle epibionts, and especially obligate epibionts, are still poorly known. Epibiont communities were investigated in the central Mediterranean Sea in relation to the host habitat and seven species of barnacles, three amphipods, one crab, and one tanaid were found on 117 loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta. Particular attention was given to barnacles, some of them being obligate turtle epibionts, with a total of 3330 individuals examined, among which high intraspecific aggregation was observed. Results indicate that (i) the species composition of barnacles varies among turtles frequenting not only different geographic areas but also different habitats in the same area, (ii) different species have marked preferences for hosts frequenting pelagic vs. benthic habitats, and also (iii) for body parts of the host representing microhabitats with different features and trophic opportunities, (iv) settlement is favoured by the presence of conspecific individuals and possibly also (v) by individuals of related species, notably Chelonibia testudinaria that may act as a pioneer species, and finally (vi) barnacles show rapid turnover on turtles, with relatively short lives, rapid growth, and high juvenile mortality.


We have studied the inverse scattering problem as an optimization problem. Firstly, we deal with the direct scattering problem of a one-dimensional, perfectly conducting rough surface. We discuss the complexity of the relation between the surface profile, the incident field, and the far-field intensity. Then, we approach the inverse problem as an optimization problem of constraint. In general we adopt a mathematical representation of the surfaces based on B-spline curves, and describe the evolutionary strategies. Concerning the mutation operator in evolutionary algorithm, some effort to facilitate self-adaptation of the mutation has been presented. The typical results are presented with our main conclusions.


Presented on October 17, 2016 at 11:00 a.m. at the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering & Bioscience (IBB), room 1128, Georgia Tech.


Characterization of the synchrotron-based 0.3-NA EUV microexposure tool at the ALS Patrick Naulleau 1 , Kenneth A. Goldberg 2 , Erik Anderson 2 , Kim Dean 3 , Paul Denham 2 , Jason P. Cain 4 , Brian Hoef 2 , Keith Jackson 2 College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University at Albany, NY 12220 Center for X-Ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 SEMATECH, Austin, TX 78741 EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 Abstract Synchrotron-based EUV exposure tools continue to play a crucial roll in the development of EUV lithography. Utilizing a programmable-pupil-fill illuminator, the 0.3-NA microexposure tool at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's Advanced Light Source synchrotron radiation facility provides the highest resolution EUV projection printing capabilities available today. This makes it ideal for the characterization of advanced resist and mask processes. The Berkeley tool also serves as a good benchmarking platform for commercial implementations of 0.3-NA EUV microsteppers because its illuminator can be programmed to emulate the coherence conditions of the commercial tools. Here we present the latest resist and tool characterization results from the Berkeley EUV exposure station. 1. Introduction For volume nanoelectronics production using Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography [1] to become a reality around the year 2011, advanced research tools are required today. Initial production tools are expected to have numerical apertures (NA) of 0.25 and be used for the 32- nm node. Relevant developmental systems thus also require NAs of 0.25 or higher. To meet the need for early development tools, microfield exposure systems trading off field size and speed for greatly reduced complexity have been developed. Similar microfield tools have been crucial Contact: Patrick Naulleau University at Albany, College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, 255 Fuller Rd., Nanofab South, Albany, NY 12203 Tel: 518-437-8686 | Fax: 518-437-8603 | Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


Abstract In electromagnetic theory and quantum theory, there are superposition principle. Traditionally there are only one kind superposition principle. However, in this author's theory the retarded wave and advanced wave are all involved, the superposition become multiple. For example the author need to deal the problem how to superpose the retarded wave and the advanced wave. The author found that there are 5 different kinds of superpositions. The superposition principles have some differences. The research about these differences is a key to open the door of many physical difficulties. For example the particle and wave duality problem, and to judge which interpretation of the quantum mechanics is a correct one. The first two superposition principles are the superpositions with and without the test charges. The slight different superposition principles are the superposition with a retarded wave alone and the superposition with the advanced wave alone. According to theory of this author, the emitter sends the retarded wave, the absorber sends the advance wave. Hence, normal electromagnetic field actually is consist of retarded wave and advanced wave. This two waves together become the traditional electromagnetic fields. This kind of electromagnetic fields can be seen approximately as retarded wave only, this kind wave also has its own superposition. This kind of superposition is also different with the superposition when we consider the retarded waves alone and also the advanced waves alone. In this article this author will discuss the differences of these different superpositions. This author will also discuss the different physical result with a few different superposition principles. In this article this author will prove the superposition with test charge and the superposition with retarded waves alone or advance wave alone can be see one kind of superposition. This superposition is correct and can be derived from the mutual energy principle. This will be referred as first kind of superposition. The superposition without test charge and the superposition with the retarded waves and advanced waves can be seen as one kind of superposition. For this kind of superpositions are not correct naturally. This kind of super position are applied to N-charge's Poynting theorem. In order to make this superposition work, the self-energy principle have to be applied. Without self-energy principle this kind of superpositions will violate the energy conservation law. Considering the self-energy conservation this kind of superposition become the superposition of first kind. This is referred as second kind of superposition. The third kind of superposition is for the traditional electromagnetic field. Here the traditional electromagnetic field means the electromagnetic field where the advanced waves are omit. When the advanced waves are omit doesn't mean the advanced waves do not exist, that is only means the retarded wave and the advanced wave are with nearly same intensity and can be treated together in some situation, for example, in wave guide, or in the free space where the absorber are uniformly distributed at infinite big sphere. Abstract Only when the self-energy principle is accept, all kinds of superposition can be accept. However different superposition has different physical meanings. Otherwise only the superposition with test charge or the superposition with only one kind wave either retarded waves or advanced waves can be accepted. Hence, the discussion about the superposition also support the concept of the self-energy principle which means there must exist the time reversal waves. That also means the waves do not collapse but collapse back. Wave collapse means collapse to its target, for example, the retarded wave will collapse to an absorber and the advanced wave will collapse to an emitter. Wave collapse back means the retarded wave sent from emitter will collapse back to an emitter; The advanced wave sent from the absorber will collapse back to an absorber. Hence, one purpose of this article is to clarify the superposition principles, and another purpose is to support this author's electromagnetic field theory which is started from two new axioms the self-energy principle and the mutual energy principle.


Figure 1. On the 10th of the month the UK was affected by a low which had formed in the western Atlantic on the remnants of Hurricane Bertha. This system took a southwest to northeast track across the country bringing bands of heavy rain with it. This rainfall radar image (courtesy of meteox.co.uk) shows the situation at 1300 UTC with several bands of heavy rain with embedded intense convective cells strung out across northwest Europe. Figure 2. By 2044 UTC on the 10th the depression described above had moved out into the North Sea. This infra-red satellite image (courtesy of the University of Dundee) shows a swirl of frontal cloud perhaps more reminiscent of some of the storms from winter 2013/2014. Whilst not as intense as those winter storms, this system still produced wind gusts in excess of 50kn and rainfall totals of up to 100mm in northeast Scotland.


In the thyroid glands, thyroglobulin (Tg) is specifically synthesized by follicular cells and then secreted into the apical lumen where it is concentrated and used as a substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis. The presence of Tg in the circulation has been reported in normal and pathological situations. To determine the domains of the plasma membrane, apical and/or basolateral, involved in Tg secretion, porcine thyroid epithelial cells were cultured as a monolayer on the porous bottom of a culture chamber in which both apical and basal media are independently accessible. Control experiments using labeled Tg ascertained the tightness of the monolayer and showed that within 48 h only 0.2–0.5% of the Tg introduced in the apical medium was transferred through the cell layer into the basal compartment. For kinetic studies of Tg synthesis and secretion, monolayers were cultured for up to 72 h in the presence of 35S‐methionine and with or without 100 μU/ml thyrotropin (TSH) in the basal medium. Labeled Tg was measured by double immunoprecipitation and by fluorography of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We showed that 80–95% of total secreted Tg was recovered in the apical medium. The remainder was secreted through the basolateral membranes in the basal medium. The amount of Tg secreted into the apical compartment was stimulated two‐ to threefold by TSH whereas no TSH effect was observed on secretion in the basal compartment. Moreover, measuring apical and basal volumes, we observed a net water flow from the apical to the basal side. It was stimulated threefold by TSH, increasing the Tg concentration in the apical compartment of the stimulated cell layer. During the culture time, the amount of Tg synthesized and secreted was increased by TSH, as was the Tg mRNA content, as determined by the dot‐blot hybridization method.


Using a data sample of 1 . 31 × 10 9 J/ψ events accumulated with the BESIII detector, the decay J/ψ → p ¯ pφ is studied via two decay modes, φ → K 0 S K 0 L and φ → K + K − . The branching fraction of J/ψ → p ¯ pφ is measured to be B ( J/ψ → p ¯ pφ ) = [5 . 23 ± 0 . 06 (stat) ± 0 . 33 (syst)] × 10 − 5 , which agrees well with a previously published measurement, but with a significantly improved precision. No evident enhancement near the p ¯ p mass threshold, denoted as X ( p ¯ p ), is observed, and the upper limit on the branching fraction of J/ψ → X ( p ¯ p ) φ → p ¯ pφ is determined to be B ( J/ψ → X ( p ¯ p ) φ → p ¯ pφ ) < 2 . 1 × 10 − 7 at the 90% confidence level.


This thesis presents a 2.4GHz ISM-band CMOS linearized power amplifier. Useing two frames of linearization to improve linearity of power amplifier. This thesis consists of two part. Part I introduced the theory and technique of design about power amplifier. Part II are examples of linearized circuit, which will use the frames of linearized bias circuit and auxiliary transistor to compensate nonlinear factors to improve linearity of power amplifier. In the frames of linearized bias circuit, the linearized bias circuit can increase the voltage of gate form 0.5V to 0.68V. The designed results are 12.5dB in power gain, 28% in PAE, P1dB rising up from 0.7dBm to 12.9dBm, and IMD of 2-oder&3-order harmonic to improve linearity above 5dB. In the frames of auxiliary transistor to compensate nonlinear factors, the designed results are 20.7dB in power gain, 26% in PAE, P1dB rising up from 0.43dBm to 14.035dBm, and IMD of 2-oder&3-order harmonic to improve linearity above 6dB~24dB. The improving linearity of circuit is conspicuous.


The present invention provides a exhaust gas purification method is discharged from the melting step of glass comprising glass for LCD screen, by boron, arsenic and / or other glass-producing raw materials containing additives and SiO The exhaust gas of the glass melting process, and generated from at least one material selected from the group consisting of combustion gases and raw material and the exhaust gas discharged from the CO The exhaust gas of the glass melting process is the contaminants substantially removed in one and the same movement of the layer at least a second stage, a moving bed reactor system comprising at least one catalytically active adsorbent and / or absorbent; The at least two stages comprising a primary separation stage and second separation stage, and; The primary separation stage is included in the lower layer of the moving bed to the exhaust gas is close to the flow area and the flow area is a direct injection, damages the catalyst and at least a portion of the catalyst poison contamination component derived from the composition of the raw material is adsorbed and / or being caught by the absorbent particle component is removed is bonded; And the second separation stage is the primary separation is located adjacent the top of the stage, is carried out in the catalytic removal of NO


Analysis of the actual holdings of bond mutual funds and transaction data of insurance companies during the period between 2003 and 2007 confirms a clientele change when a corporate bond is initially downgraded to ?junk? status. Investment-grade bond funds and insurance companies are forced to sell to meet their investment constraints, creating a persistent price concession of around 2%; prices recover partially after almost three months. High-yield bond funds and hedge funds specializing in distressed securities benefit from providing liquidity during these downgrade events. The clientele change is greater for bonds held by more constrained mutual funds. We do not find a persistent liquidity shock around similar downgrades when the threshold between investment grade and speculative grade is not crossed.


The actions of No.4 mother tiger and young tiger produced by the former in Meihuashan Research Institute of South China Tiger Breeding are preliminarily studied,this paper emphatically describes all kinds of actions of mother and young south China tigers,some actions of them are preliminarily approached.The locations touched between the mother and the young are mainly the areas of head,etc.with relatively sensitive sense organs.All kinds of touches are the main ways of building friendly and very intimate relations between the mother and the young.