Intelligent clinical consultation is a diagnostic support system that inferred the likely diseases from the patient's chief complaints as per the established relationship between symptoms and diseases. The key here is to learn and build automatically the general "symptom-disease" medical knowledge graph (MKG) from real-world clinical data. So, the quality of clinical data (chiefly electronic medical records - EMRs) directly affects the quality of the MKG, which in turn determines the quality of the consultation results. The regional public health information platform gathered a large number of front-pages of EMRs' from hospitals of all tiers across the region. The fact that the health IT systems used by hospitals are often sourced from different vendors, and each may have its own data standards and data quality control criteria, would invariably lead to apparent difference in the quality of EMRs collected. This is even so, considering the gaps in knowledge and skills between clinicians at different qualification levels. By detailed analysis of one such collection we found that the two most prominent problems are the inconsistency in diagnosis results and the mismatch between the diagnosis results and the chief complaints and the current illness history. In order to ensure the quality and effectiveness in building a knowledge graph from these real-world data, this paper proposed a "dirty" data cleaning framework including diagnostic results normalization and semantic similarity matching. The symptom-disease knowledge graph constructed from the cleaned data has been applied and verified in the intelligent consultation system.


In order to improve operation skill of the operators, the design of the auxiliary intelligent operating system of the dragline was studied. Whereby the gyroscopes incorporated in smartphone and data sequence filter algorithm, the automatic collection function of operation cycle, the rotation angle and other parameters of the dragline are attained. In line with the relations among the rotation angle of equipment operation, time-spent and the acceleration, the ratio of the acceleration and deceleration rotation angle in full load rotation and non-loaded return stage are acquired respectively. The function of bucket in rotation was realized. Comprehensive score calculation standard of the technique level of the dragline-based operation was developed, and the function of automatic checking the operation level was effectuated. Field experiment results indicated that the operators' faults are markedly reduced as the auxiliary intelligent operating system is employed. By using the system the operation behavior of low power slow rotation in rain, snow, low atmospheric pressure and other severe weather conditions can be reduced, assuring all-weather efficient and safe operation of dragline.


Influence maximization is a classic and extensively studied problem with important applications in viral marketing. Existing algorithms for influence maximization, however, mostly focus on offline processing, in the sense that they do not provide any output to the user until the final answer is derived, and that the user is not allowed to terminate the algorithm early to trade the quality of solution for efficiency. Such lack of interactiveness and flexibility leads to poor user experience, especially when the algorithm incurs long running time. To address the above problem, this paper studies algorithms for online processing of influence maximization (OPIM), where the user can pause the algorithm at any time and ask for a solution (to the influence maximization problem) and its approximation guarantee, and can resume the algorithm to let it improve the quality of solution by giving it more time to run. (This interactive paradigm is similar in spirit to online query processing in database systems.) We show that the only existing algorithm for OPIM is vastly ineffective in practice, and that adopting existing influence maximization methods for OPIM yields unsatisfactory results. Motivated by this, we propose a new algorithm for OPIM with both superior empirical effectiveness and strong theoretical guarantees, and we show that it can also be extended to handle conventional influence maximization. Extensive experiments on real data demonstrate that our solutions outperform the state of the art for both OPIM and conventional influence maximization.


War, children, it's just a shot away It's just a shot away / It's just a shot away (x2) I'll tell you love, sister, it's just a kiss away It's just a kiss away / it's just a kiss away (x2) The Sound of A New Age "Your Song" Elton John (1970) It's a little bit funny this feeling inside I'm not one of the who can easily hide, I Don't have much money but boy if I did I'd buy a big house where we both could live


Although the formation control of multi-agent systems has been widely researched from numerous perspectives, the problem is still not well resolved, especially for the case of distributed output-feedback formation controller design without input information exchange among neighboring agents. Using relative output information, this paper proposes a novel distributed reduced-order estimation of formation error at predefined time. The proposed distributed observer can be easily implemented in formation controller design of multi-agent systems under general directed graphs, as it can estimate formation error at any predefined time.


In this paper,the overseas capital operations,including deal types,deal values,dates completed,acquiror Zephus classifications,target Zephus classifications,target districts,target multiples and other aspects,of Chinese-funded enterprises are analyzed in details,and in comparison to those of US-funded enterprises. By event analysis,the market reactions for the overseas capital operations of the Chinese listed companies are calculated,followed by a robustness test. Finally,the strategies of Chinese enterprises overseas capital operation are analyzed according to the calculation results mentioned above.


Background : Long passing is a passing technique that can be carried out in the immovable phase or during the game and aims to move the game in the last stage in an attack, pass the goal to the front of the game, pass the ball to teammates at a great distance. Long passing requires good power and lower leg muscle strength. Long passing bad players can hamper a game in moving the ball. Long Passing is affected by lower leg muscle strength. Handling can be done with ankle weight exercise. Purpose: Ankle weight exercise is an exercise to increase the strength of the performance of the muscles in the limbs, which is carried out by placing a weight on the lower limb especially on the ankle. Research Methods: This study used adesign pre-experimental with one group pretest and posttest design with using a long pass test. The population in this study were football players at the Mitra FC Sumenep. A sample of 30 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. Results: Shows that the results of statistical analysis using thetest Wilcoxon obtained 0,000 (p> 0.05), it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, this there is an influence of ankle weight exercise on increasing long passing on football players at Mitra FC Sumenep.


We investigated the mechanism of inter‐seasonal linkage between the winter Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the subsequent summer AO. Our focus was the collapse of the linkage in the late 1980s, associated with substantial sea ice loss in the Arctic. Because atmospheric circulation itself does not have long‐lasting memory effects from winter to summer, the seasonal persistency of sea ice and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are likely to contribute to the inter‐seasonal linkage. In the early significant‐linkage period prior to 1990, the winter AO signal was maintained in the sea ice and SST anomalies over the Barents Sea during inter‐seasonal periods. The surface anomalies then influenced the summer atmospheric circulation by exciting the Rossby wave propagation. However, in the recent poor‐linkage period after 1990, sea ice loss in the Barents Sea and Northern Hemisphere was significant. In addition, the seasonal persistency of sea ice and SST anomalies over the Barents Sea were less significant, and the winter AO signal was not maintained beyond a given season. Thus, the oceanic memory effects of the Barents Sea were reduced and might not have been associated with the recent inter‐seasonal linkage.


Recently, there has been an increasing demand for l owerviscosity formulated oils to improve fuel efficienc y of auto moutive engines because they can reduce friction a nd drag under fluid lubrication. However, lower-viscosity f ormulated oils have severl issues: evier friction and wear under boundry lubrication. Therefore, lubricant additves such as friction modifiers and extreame pressure (EP) additives are important for achiving low fricton and wear under boudnary lu brication. In such a background, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDPs) are one of the most important additives for reducin g wear under boundary lubrication. It is well known that ZDDPs f orm rough and pad-like tribofilms which can control wear by r educing direct contact of the two rubbing substrates [1]. H owever, in recent years, reducing ZDDP in formulated oils has been needed as it causes catalyst poisoning, generates s ludge, and creates corrosion on copper-based alloy component [ 2]. Therefore, it is important issue to develop novel a nti-wear additives for lowor zero-ZDDP formulations. On the other hand, ionic liquids (ILs) have been ex plored as a new category of lubricants over the past dozen year s. There are currently two approaches, using ILs as neat lubricants or base stocks and using ILs as lubricant additives. The la tt r approach has been reported by several research groups [2-3]. Qu reported that IL added lubricants exhibited much lower wear compared to pure base oils [3]. In this research, the effectiveness of ZDDP and IL mixed solutions were studied to achieve good tribological properties and lowor zero-ZDDP formulations. Base oil used in this research was dioctyl sebacate (DOS). Lubricant additives were C3 & C6 secondary alkyl ZD DPs and 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium trispentafluoroethyl tr ifluorophosphate ([BMIM][FAP]).Lubricant solutions used in this research were pure DOS, DOS + ZDDP, DOS + [BMIM][FA P] and DOS + ZDDP + [BMIM][FAP]. Tribological properti es were evaluated by using a cylinder-on-disk type tri botester. Worn surfaces were evaluated by using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Fig. 1 shows the wear volume of steel disks after t h friction test. In Fig.1, DOS + ZDDP + [BMIM][FAP] exhibited lower wear volume than the other solutions. Fig.2 shows the AFM topography images of steel disks lubricated with DO S + ZDDP and DOS + ZDDP + [BMIM][FAP] after the friction tes t. In Fig.2, for DOS + ZDDP + [BMIM][FAP], the tribofilm which is similar to ZDDP-derived tribofilms [as shown in Fig.2 (a)] was observed All our results suggest that the synergistic effect s of ZDDP and IL lead to low wear due to the formation of tri bof lms on the worn surfaces. REFERENCES [1] Jie Zhang, Hugh Spikes, "On the Mechanism of ZD DP Antiwear Film Formation", Tribology Letter, 2016, 6 3: 24 [2] Michail Ivanova, Olga Shenderovab, "Using the Physicochemical Properties and the Thermo-oxidation Degradation Products of ZDDP to Justify its Functio ns as an Additive of Choice for Automotive Crankcase Oil For mulation", The International Journal Of Engineering And Scienc e, Volume3, Issuce10, 2014, 10-13 [3] Jun Qu, Huimin Luo, Miaofang Chi, Cheng Ma, Pet er J. Blau, ShengDai, Michael B.Viola, "Comparison of an oilmiscible ionic liquid and ZDDP as a lubricant antiwear additive", Tribology International, 71, 2014, 88–97 Fig. 1. Wear volume of each lubricant (a) ZDDP (b) ZDDP+IL Fig. 2. AFM topography images of sliding surfaces


Not far from the estuary, Sutong Yangtze River Bridge is located in the Jiangsu Province of China, the main bridge is a 7-span continuous cable stayed bridge with the span arrangement of 100+100+300+1088+300+100+100 m. The foundations are cast-in-situ bored piles. One of the critical loads in the design of foundations is ship impact force. According to the actual situation of Sutong Bridge, researches were carried out for the collision between ship and foundations, base on the researches comparison was carried out between floating collision protection system and self-resistant protection system which self-resistant system were proved to be the preferred proposal. The self-resistant system make use of steel cofferdam of casting of pile cap, the thickness of tremie concrete was adjusted according to navigation water level and dimension of typical ships. As part of the collision protection system, introduction was made for the vessel navigation system (VTS).


Objective To determine the value of diagnostic methods in patients with adrenal nodular hyperplastic hypertension.Methods From June 2004 to May 2008,59 cases of adrenal nodular hyperplastic hypertension in our center were enrolled in a retrospective study,in which 56 cases were diagnosed pathologically with adrenocortical nodular hyperplasia and 3 cases with nodular adrenocortical hyperplasia and medullary hyperplasia. All patients underwent adrenal ultrasound,MRI and MSCT.We apply one - factor analysis of variance to analyze the degree of blood pressures before operation and after operation.Results Among the 59 cases,MSCT was performed in 56 cases and 51 cases were diagnosed by MSCT and the DR was 91.1%.As compared with adrenal ultrasound and MRI,MSCT had statistically significant superiority(P 0.01).Laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed in all these 59 cases.The blood pressure of 54 cases decreased to normal after operation,and the effective rate was 91.5%.Conclusion To shorten the diagnosis time,patients with resistant hypertension should be recommended to undergo MSCT first.The patients with adrenal nodular hyperplastic hypertension should be performed laparoscopic adrenalectomy.


Nowadays modern computer systems are mainly operated through natural user interfaces. This input scenario can be a problem for elderly people or people with disabilities. Therefore it is important to support these users' input activities. A possible solution for this problem is the automated adaptation of interaction. On the one hand this solution helps people to interact with a natural interface in general; on the other hand it also helps users to avoid input errors. This is also very important in the industrial sector because productivity could be increased due to fewer erroneous interaction activities. For automated adaptation it is important to firstly analyze a user's interaction abilities. The results of this analysis are different features which are stored in a user model. These features are the basis for the adaptation process of an interaction scenario or user interface. This master thesis mainly focuses on hapticand multimodal interaction, especially the interaction through physical pressure by using a standard smartphone and its built-in sensors. At first there are three different approaches described for measuring physical pressure with a smartphone. The different approaches are vibration-, magneticand audio-based. Each interaction approach uses the Myo armband to generate haptic feedback. Each of the interaction approaches consists of interaction tests which are executed by users of the target group. The results of these interaction tests include different features which are stored in a user model and give an impression of how well the user performed. The type of the designed user model is based on a featurebased approach. The raw data of the executed interaction are transmitted to a server application which calculates each feature's value. Therefore, there are two main parts of the master thesis: First, the description of the architecture of the user model and second, the explanation of interaction analysis and the transmission process of the interaction data from the smartphone to the analysis application on the server. The interaction tests, the transmission process, and the management of the user model were already implemented in the context of the thesis. The aforementioned interaction tests were also evaluated in a user study with several people with disabilities in a lab setting. The link to the full version of this master thesis will be published on the ABIS website. Contact Information Daniel Kern, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Softwarepark 11, 4232 Hagenberg firstname.lastname@example.com A. Weisbecker, M. Burmester & A. Schmidt (Hrsg.): Mensch und Computer 2015 Workshopband, Stuttgart: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2015, S. 297. Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter der Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 Lizenz. © 2015, Weisbecker, Burmester, Schmidt. Unauthenticated Download Date | 8/9/18 10:13 AM Unauthenticated Download Date | 8/9/18 10:13 AM


In this paper investigates the subcarrier and power allocation problem for an OFDMA-based multiuser cognitive radio (CR) system. In particular, for such a CR system, the total transmission rate of CR users is maximized for a given power budget while keeping the interference introduced to the primary-user (PU) receivers' below given thresholds with a certain probability. As the optimal scheme can be highly complex, we also propose a low-complexity suboptimal subcarrier-and-power-allocation scheme. First, a suboptimal subcarrier algorithm is proposed that allocates subcarriers to CR users that not only increase the capacity, but also reduces the interference introduced to the primary user (PU) band. Further, for a given subcarrier allocation an optimal power loading algorithm is proposed that maximizes the capacity of CR users while keeping the interference introduced to the PU band and the total power below a threshold. The selected numerical results show that a significant gain in terms of total achievable transmission rate can be obtained over an USAM or an OSAM. The proposed optimal scheme can lead to an unfairness among CR users in sharing the total transmission rate; therefore, we also propose a suboptimal subcarrier-allocation scheme that can guarantee a certain level of fairness among CRusers.


Alpine grassland in hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau is unique and the largest fragileecosystem at the highest altitude in the world.It has degraded continuously and therefore attractedinterests of scientists.It's the important material base for the development of plateau husbandryand ecological protective screen for water conservation,biodiversity conservation and carbonfixation.However,the degradation of alpine grassland not only decreased animal husbandryeconomy,but also resulted in desertification,biodiversity loss,aggravated soil erosion and carbonlosses.Having integrated the Landsat images in 1970s,1990s and 2004,meteorological data,DEM,grassland distribution and social statistics data,we took Zhidoi County in Qinghai Provinceas the typical alpine grassland in the source region of Yangtze River to analysis the spatial-temporalpattern,processes and driver,and the degree and mechanism of degraded grassland in order toprovide scientific basis for the recovery and management of alpine grassland and regionalsustainable development.The results show that grassland degradation is presented by decreasingarea,reducing degree and compound type to single type from the southeast to northwest of ZhidoiCounty.Such similar trend is also shown in the status and redistribution water and heat resources inthis region.The eastern part of Zhidoi suffers the most serious degradation,and western part innorthern Tanggula Mountain mainly suffers slight decrease in coverage due to minor underlyingsurface.The general trend of temporal process shows continuous degradation with furtheraggravation during the latter period.The proportion and degree also aggravate gradually with netincrease of 9.86%form 1990s to 2004 compared with the period of 1970s to 1990s.Despite of theobvious warming and drying trend since 1960s,climate change has affected the grasslandchronically and slowly.We found that the degradation patterns of grassland was formed before1970s and aggravated since 1990s,due to the intra-annual distribution of precipitation especially ingrowing seasons.It was also realized that human activities,especially overgrazing,appeared to bethe primary cause of grassland degradation based on the analysis of population and livestock.Theshady slope in the altitude ranging from 4500 to 4900m and slope of 5%~15oappeared to be themain degraded region,where 39.21%degradation located in the slope of 5%~15oand 43.55%inshady slope.Degradation aggravated as altitude goes higher but it turns to decrease when thealtitude is above 4900m.


In this paper, an improved learning system is proposed for sound event detection (SED) task typically in the domestic environments. Normally, if all the detailed timestamps of sound events in audio files are given in the training dataset, the SED system can be worked out as a fully supervised learning method, which can be similar as these methods applied in the audio tagging or acoustic scene classification tasks. However, the acquisition of large-scale fully labeled SED datasets is extremely difficult in practice due to the high cost of labor and lack of professional knowledge. Thus, how to solve the SED problem by making the full use of unlabeled and weakly labeled audio dataset has attracted a lot of attentions in this research field. In this work, an improved weakly supervised learning framework on the basis of convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) is employed to achieve the sound event timestamps using a small size of fully labeled dataset and large-scale weakly labeled and unlabeled dataset. A mix-up based data augmentation technique and an automatic threshold searching strategy for sound events are also proposed to enhance the system performance. The system is finally evaluated by using the DCASE 2019 SED dataset, which obtains up to 23.79% in terms of class-wise average F1-score for the detection of sound events.


A total of 500 lambs (159 rams, 165 ewes, and 176 wethers) sh to nine months of age and with slaughter weights between 41 and 77 kg were utilized. Electrical stimulation accelerated pstmortem PH (P 0.05). Electrical stimulation was clearly benejicial and hot-processing was clearly detrimental to lambpalatability. The beneficial effects of electrical stimulation, however, were not effective in either preventing or offsetting the detrimental effects of hot-processing. Moreover, electrical stimulation alone and in combination with hot-processing produced only minor effects on consumer acceptance.


The proposed work is dedicated to research on the behavior of planar metallic materials when subjected to electromagnetic near field field, in order to achieve a nondestructive characterization. The characterization system includes a vector network analyzer (VNA) and an evanescent microwave probe (EMP). The method is based on the measurement of reflection coefficient, the frequency shift, the phase delay and the group delay. The variations of these parameters give information about the probe-sample electromagnetic coupling, the sensitivity of the near field probe and about the state of sample under the test without altering its physical properties.


EMG pattern recognition has been studied for control of prostheses and rehabilitation systems for decades. Existing research platforms for developing EMG pattern recognition algorithms are typically based on MATLAB and the collection of EMG signals is often done by expensive, non-portable data acquisition systems. The requirement of these resources usually limits the use of these platforms in the lab environments and prohibits their widespread to other fields and applications. To address this limitation, this paper presents a low-cost, easy to use, and flexible platform called MyoHMI for developing real-time human machine interfaces for myoelectric controlled applications. MyoHMI facilitates the interface with a commercial EMG-based armband Myo, which costs less than $200 and can be easily worn by the user without the need of special preparation. MyoHMI also provides a highly modular and customizable C/C++ based software engine which seamlessly integrates a variety of interfacing and signal processing modules, from data acquisition through signal processing and pattern recognition, to real-time evaluation and control. The experimental results on able-bodied human subjects for controlling two evaluation platforms in real time verified the merit of the MyoHMI platform and demonstrated the feasibility of a low-cost solution for the development of myoelectric controlled applications.


This study aims to assist visually impaired people as well as animation novices by focusing on problems that arise at the time of viewing animation videos and images. We focus on the following problems: (1) difficulty of understanding behaviors and situations, (2) difficulty of discriminating animation characters, and (3) confusion caused by animation characters with similarities. We use deep neural networks to identify animation characters as preliminary verification by training a customized convolutional neural network (CNN) from scratch on a small class of data based on the original database of animation characters. The results show that some combinations of characters are difficult to discriminate in cross validation. To resolve this problem, we performed transfer learning based on the CNN variants pre-trained on the natural image database ImageNet. We confirmed that the learning proceeded steadily with a gradual learning curve, resulting in high accuracy. The results indicate that the bottleneck features of the CNN variants pre-trained on ImageNet are effective in identifying animation characters. Furthermore, we verified the operation speed of the inference of our trained CNN on a microcomputer board with a machine learning accelerator Intel Movidius and confirmed that the speed is sufficient in real-time execution.


Problem statement: this research aims to evaluate the therapeutic results of the use of office scans on two ethnic groups in our country. The intent of this research is to evaluate the results compared to other populations of the world in the office dental clearance system, as there are no clinical data on the therapeutic effects on our population. Methods: the value was subjectively evaluated with color guides; then we proceeded to the objective evaluation with the spectrophotometer where we threw Vita 3D values of Master Bleach, Vita 3D Master, Vita Classical, CIE lab and subsequently performed photography; and the initial value was recorded. Once this was completed, dental clearance treatments were applied with the use of 35% hydrogen peroxide. The value was then evaluated with all of the previously mentioned methods and the final value was recorded along with the VAS scale to qualify the sensitivity. Conclusions: The treatment of dental clearance with clinic technique was effective in both ethnic groups.


Research into toughening an epoxy resin using biobased modifiers without trade-offs in its modulus, mechanical strength, and other properties still remains a challenge. In this article, an approach to toughen epoxy resin with tannic acid, a common polyphenolic compound extracted from plants and microorganisms, is presented. First, dodecane functionalized tannic acid (TA-DD) is prepared and subsequently incorporated into epoxy/anhydride curing system. Owing to the modification of long aliphatic chain, TA-DD can induce epoxy matrix yielding phase separation, forming microscaled separated phases. In the meantime, the terminal hydroxyl groups of TA-DD can participate in the curing process, which offers a good interfacial interaction between TA-DD and epoxy matrix. With such a mechanism, the results show that TA-DD can significantly toughen the epoxy resin without trade-offs in its strength, modulus, and Tg. The thermoset with only 0.5 wt % TA-DD reaches highest impact strength, which is 196% increase of that ...


High blood pressure (BP) may stimulate an inflammatory reaction, which in turn might induce the changes in the arterial wall that are characteristic of hypertension. We have recently reported that BP control with the selective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blocker eplerenone is associated with reduced stiffness of resistance arteries of hypertensive patients. Here we questioned whether in hypertensive patients BP reduction after one year (1yr) of therapy with either eplerenone or the beta-blocker atenolol is associated with a decreased inflammatory response. Sixteen hypertensive patients (age 30 to 70 yrs) were randomized to double-blind treatment for 1yr with eplerenone (50–100 mg) or atenolol (50–100 mg) once daily. Seven normal subjects were studied as a control group. Serum levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1Ra), chemokines (MCP-1), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) were measured by Bio-plex assay, and osteopontin by ELISA, as indices of systemic and vascular inflammation, before and 1yr after treatment. After 1yr of treatment, systolic and diastolic BP were well controlled in both the atenolol and eplerenone groups (144.3±3.7/95.4±1.8mmHg reduced to 121.4±3.1/79.2±2.6 mmHg, p


Credit risk is one of the most important risk generation factors in the banks and financial institutions. Credit risk can be defined as the unexpected events that usually occur in the form of a change in the value of assets or liabilities. The financial health of banks and credit financial institutions plays an important role in growth, development and stability of countries' economic. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of capital adequacy, and assets quality with credit risk; the case study of Maskan bank. To verify the research hypotheses, multiple regression test has been used. The results of the hypotheses testing show that there is a significant relationship between capital adequacy, assets quality, and credit risk.


For the first time to our knowledge, a single-phase solid solution Sr(MoO4)0.8(WO4)0.2 was used as an active medium of a Raman laser. Using the high-intensity synchronous picosecond pumping satisfying the condition of phase capture of the parametric Raman interaction on the second vibrational mode made it possible to oscillate six components of Raman radiation with a combined frequency shift on the first (888 cm–1) and second (327 cm–1) vibrational modes in the wavelength range of 1194-1396 nm. Oscillation efficiency of the multiwavelength Raman laser radiation was as high as 10%. By detuning the Raman laser cavity length, the pulse shortening down to 6 ps for the Raman laser radiation components with the combined frequency shift was obtained, which is an order of magnitude shorter than the pumping pulse duration (64 ps).


 Using the grid system for sampling in October (Fig. 3) Pk was isolated from 80% of the symptomatic leaves/stems. More than half of the confi rmed infected plants also had roots that yielded Pk, whilst most of the litter samples yielded Pk. The pathogen was also obtained from some plants without visible symptoms, so estimates of the infection incidence based on symptomatic plants may underestimate the area of aff ected V. myrtillus on infected sites.


A method for adding a computer to a distribution hub fibers (280, 290, 300, 310, 320), said equipment comprising a module splitter (100, 107A-107D, 132, 196, 202, 214, 216, 222 , 224, 254, 260) having fibers priming prewired output and fixed length (110, 105, 138, 198, 208) with extremidadesprecableadas with the help of fiber connectors priming module splitter being (100 , 107A-107D, 132.196, 202, 214, 216, 222, 224, 254, 260) preconfigured with fiber connectors priming fibers cebadode output (110, 105, 138, 198, 208) stored in receptacles storage (112, 134), comprising elconcentrador of distribution fibers (280, 290, 300, 310, 320) a field termination of subscribers (128, 172, 174.180, 182, 458), said method comprising: installing the module deliverers (100, 107A-107D, 132, 196, 202, 214, 216, 222, 224, 254, 260) of losreceptaculos storage (112, 134) and Priming fibers (110, 105, 138, 198, 208) within the distribution concentradorde fibers with fiber connectors priming left in the storage receptacles (112.134) throughout the installation process.


Human DNA Ligase 1 (hLIG1) is an essential enzyme in the cell that seals single‐strand DNA breaks, or nicks, that occur between adjacent Okazaki Fragments during DNA replication. Although the phosphoryl transfer steps of hLIG1 have been previously characterized, many questions remain about how hLIG1 is able find and recognize nick sites. New approaches are needed to observe the rapid and transient interactions. Here we have investigated the kinetic mechanism for DNA binding using fluorescence approaches. By using a nicked DNA reporter and endogenous tryptophan fluorescence, we are able to monitor the DNA‐dependent steps of the ligation mechanism. Under the conditions used the assay appears to report on initial interactions with the nicked DNA substrate and the product release step, both of which are previously uncharacterized steps. Future experiments will extend these kinetic and thermodynamic studies to understand what features of hLIG1 and the nicked DNA substrate allow for rapid and faithful ligation of DNA breaks.


This study aims to determine the distribution and dynamics population of Aceh cattle and Non Aceh cattle in the years to come. This study was held on May 2016 in North Aceh by 162 smallholder as respondents was spread in three (3) districts which is Muara Batu District (39), Sawang District (75), and the Nisam District (48). The method was used survey in the field to obtain primary data, while secondary data obtained from the Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of North Aceh District. The parameters includes respondent identity, ownership of livestock, population structure, distribution and dynamics population. Dynamics population was calculated by using time series analysis. Total onwership of cattle per smallholder in North Aceh Regency was 3.03 heads (1.65 AU) with a percentage of 84.93% Aceh cattle (2.57 heads/1.78 AU) and cattle other than the Aceh cattle was 15.07% (0.47 heads/0.25 AU). Population dynamics of beef cattle in North Aceh Regency in the year of 2011 to 2015 each year was enhancement of 2.30%. Growth population prediction equation was Y=92108.80+1871.20X, if the technical coefisients in 2015 can be maintained, so the beef cattle population in North Aceh Regency in 2020 can be estimated around 105,207 heads, which consisted 89,352 heads of Aceh cattle and 13,465 heads non Aceh cattle, where an increase of 1.86% per year.


We propose a network-assisted radio resource allocation algorithm for wireless data networks with synchronized base stations, which support variable rate transmission. The algorithm, Soft-Bar, may be used in both mobile and fixed wireless systems to assign the channel, transmission mode and transmit power for each user, and may be implemented in a distributed manner. The basic idea of the algorithm is to use measurements at the base and the terminal, and limited, real-time inter-base signaling, to control the interference generated by the few dominant interferers for each user. We show that in an EDGE-like system using 1/3 reuse, compared to conventional random packet assignment, Soft-Bar can (1) increase the system throughput by more than 50% for a given delay constraint; or (2) increase the number of users by more than 30% for a given user outage requirement, while at the same time improving the user experience. In addition, it can facilitate QoS provisioning in a straightforward manner.


In this paper, the author is highlighting the advantages and benefits of being old, and that old is gold. It is also hoped that the paper would make those who are young to better understand the challenges of age while it brings together several helpful pointers to make our lives happy at whichever life-stage we are in. And these include being positive, keeping an open mind and having a warm heart as well as learning, mentoring and advising.


To assess the utility of MR imaging in diagnosis of lymph node metastasis, the author studied 70 patients with histologically proved esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Coronal spin echo imaging (SE400/40) was the most available method in the mediastinum and using this method, lymph nodes were clearly imaged along trachea and vessels of the mediastinum in its long axis. The 250 lymph nodes from 44 patients who underwent laparotomy, thoracotomy and cervical dissection, were reviewed for findings by coronal MRI. Detectability of lymph nodes was 141/250 (56%) in total. Cervical and paraesophageal nodes were unable to detect well, but paratracheal, subcarinal, hilar nodes, supraclavicular nodes which are clinically important region for lymph node dissection of esophageal surgery were well-detected. Distinction between metastatic and non-metastatic nodes was studied on its size and its location. The supraclavicular and paratracheal nodes larger than 1.5 cm in diameter were involved in cancer invasion for the most part.


The name Faberge immediately conjures up images of a bygone era - beauty, luxury, a hint of mystery and a good dollop of tragedy. There are few who will not be familiar with the most famous of the eggs, those made for the Tsar.


This workbook addresses the need for information and guidance that can help states and communities meet the short-term and long-term challenges of developing community-oriented financing for early intervention and preschool special education services. It is intended for state officials, advocates, and task force members who carry out or assist with financial planning on a statewide, regional, or local community basis. An introductory chapter provides background information on the provisions of the Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments 1986 (Public Law 99-457) that relate to financing, followed by a chapter which prmides an overview of the plamning and implementation process. The workbook then presents a seven-step interagency planning and implementation process. The steps are: (1) involving key stakeholders and advocates in the planning process; (2) charting the course with a vision of an ideal service system; (3) defining the comprehensive service system; (4) identifying the existing service and financing system; (5) identifying and analyzing problem areas in the existing system; (6) developing strategies for changing the financing system; and (7) implementing changes in the financing and delivery system. Appendices contain: (1) a financing matrix designed to help states and communities to structure a systematic approach to understanding the interrelationships between a state's various financing resources an:1 its system of services; (2) an annotated list of federal and other potential funding resources; and (3) a list of 28 additional resource materials. (JDD) *************X*****************************************************ft*** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can De madr * * from the original document. * NEC*TAS FINANCING WORKBOOK AN INTERAGENCY PROCESS FOR PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING A FINANCING SYSTEM FOR EARLY INTERVENTION AND PRESCHOOL SERVICES DEIAMITESENT OF EDUCATION Offce el Educebonel Reef WO and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER tERtCf NIB docurnent nee owl reproduced as teCewed from the oerSori or oronastron ortfpnefing 0 Mtn°, ohertees hove been mitee to mpiors reptoctuetton eXtetrty Poo Its Diver* 01 oisimoos stated In tn.sdocv merit do nOf neCeS5anty represent "ChM DEW oosrtton or pot/el, Sarah Williams Donald A. Kates in collaboration with Ann Francomb Bettenberg Talbot Black Roxane Kaufmann Sharon Walsh National Early Childhood Technical Assistance System


The patterns of spatial and temporal variation in the species richness and relative abundance of frugivorous birds that consume fruits and disperse seeds of Prunus mahaleb (Rosaceae) were studied in two Southeastern Spain populations and compared with previous information from 4 sites, 3 of them in Northwestern Spain. Data for 8 study years in one population are used to assess temporal variation in this frugivore assemblage. Species richness of local bird assemblages ranged between 6 and 26 species. Thrushes, redstarts, and warblers were the main seed dispersers among a total of 31 species recorded for all sites pooled, and together account for 82% of the feeding records


Heat transfer by simultaneous conduction and radiation through ceramic fiber insulation is studied experimentally. The temperature profiles and the effective thermal conductivity are determined over a wide range of porosities of the insulation and of temperature provided at the hot boundary. The resulting data are analyzed in detail to gain an understanding of the mechanism of heat transfer through such medium. A semi-empirical formula is derived for quantitatively predicting the thermal performance of ceramic fiber insulation. The formula incorporates as parameters the porosity and temperatures of the hot and cold boundaries.


We present a study of (110)-terminated magnetite using a range of surface-sensitive techniques, the foremost of those being reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS). The anisotropic optical response of the as-polished and row-reconstructed terminations are investigated. The responses are interpreted to result from termination-induced anisotropic shifts in energy of the bulklike optical transitions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the row reconstruction of Fe3O4(110) exhibits anisotropic strain in its terminating layers, and this strain is concluded to be the origin of the RAS response. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that the row reconstruction is reduced and the stoichiometry in the surface region is relatively easily altered by in situ preparation procedures. This is correlated to altered surface electronic properties identified by scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements. RAS is sensitive to this change in surface structure, with the magnitude of the RAS response being altered.


A synthetic analysis on the weather process of squall line at 22:00 on April 15,2009 was done throuhg conventional survey,ground intensive observations,850—500 hPa height chart circulation and weather system.The results showed that:The squall line was in the convergence of cold and warm air front It causes the fast-moving of the vortex shear instability in the upper level jet entrance area which is in the cold and dry under the warm unstable stratification played a role of a trigger for unstable energy release;squall line appeared in the formation of cold temperature in the deep trough extended to the lower humidity temperature and matured in the vertical wind shear conditions.Southerly flow accumulation of water vapor transport and energy is the energy source of Squall Line.


Knee joint kinematics involves two convex bone condyles on the distal end of the femur that slides against two concave bone condyles at the proximal end of the tibia. Each condyle is covered by a thin layer of soft tissue called articular cartilage that helps to decrease friction during sliding. Below each articular cartilage layer, there is subchondral mineralized zone (SMZ) which is a mineralized joint layer that attenuates axial impact forces encountered during dynamic joint loading. SMZ lies between trabecular bone and articular cartilage. It is composed of subchondral bone (SB) and calcified cartilage (CC). During pathological process that impacts knee joint kinematics such as osteoarthritis (OA), SMZ tissue is hardened and subject to sclerosis and early stages of SMZ sclerosis show a decrease in SMZ porosity. However, there is a lack of automatic method to detect decrease in SMZ porosity in mice, the most common animal model of OA. This lack of method prevents scientist to quantify efficiency and/or develop new therapy dedicated to OA. The current study presents a new algorithm to compute automatically 3D porosity and thickness of SMZ, SB and CC in both femur condyles from HR-μCT slides of mouse wild type.


In recent experiments with cylindrical and annular Hall thrusters, the enhanced crossfield electron transport induced by the rotating spoke was directly measured using a segmented anode. Approximately 50% of the total current was found to pass through the spoke. For the cylindrical Hall thrusters, the spoke oscillations were characterized using emissive and biased electrostatic probes and high speed imaging. The findings revealed a perturbed electric field which enhances electron transport across the field. Control and suppression of the spoke can be achieved by varying the effective boundaries of the thruster discharge from its cathode and anode sides. This includes recently demonstrated spoke suppression with a feedback control at the segmented anode. The magnetic field configuration of the thruster and the background gas pressure in the vacuum vessel can also affect the spoke oscillations.


This study aims to describe and obtain information on improving science content learning outcomes through the Inquiry method. This research is a classroom action research which consists of two cycles, each cycle consists of two meetings. Each meeting consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this study were students of class VI SDN 155/X Kuala Dendang, totaling 8 people. This research was conducted in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. Data collection techniques using tests, observations, and documentation. Data were analyzed using percentages. The results showed that through the Inquiry method, it was possible to improve the learning outcomes of the sixth grade students of SDN 155/X Kuala Dendang science content.


Phytosociological studies based on sampling have been very common in the last 20 years, however, they are rarely carried out using complete enumeration of trees (census). This research compare the phytossociological parameters between three different strata from a remnant of Ombrophylous Mixed Forest (OMF), which are: OMF Montana, Border OMF Montana and OMF Alluvial. The area of 13.71 was topographically divided in blocks of 50 x 50 meters for a better control of the 100% forest inventory (census). All trees with CBH (circumference measured at 1,30 m above ground) ≥ 31,5 centimeters were measured, georeferencied, numbered, painted at DBH and identified at species level. In the strata OMF Montana the species with the highest Value of Coverage (VC) was Araucaria angustifolia, with 30.6%, followed by Casearia sylvestris with 25.8%. In the Border OMF Montana the species that succeeded Araucaria angustifolia (29.0%) was Gochnatia polymorpha with 27.2% of VC. The third strata, OMF Alluvial, presented as predominant species Schinus terebinthifolius (55,5%), followed by Sebastiania commersoniana (27,7%), both characteristics of alluvial environments. In the three strata there was prevalence of secondary pioneer species, proving that the area is in a secondary stage of ecological succession due to past exploratory process.


This paper has shown the modelling of incident rays scattered from an object partly embedded in the FDTD domain and the rest of the structure situated in the UTD domain. The hybrid method is also more efficient in modelling problems similar to the above test case than the standard FDTD method.


Relevance. Due to the high prevalence of uterine fibroids in women of reproductive age and the negative impact on reproductive health, one of the priority tasks of specialists is to search not only for new therapeutic methods, but also for ways to prevent this disease. Aim. To determine the role of vitamin D deficiency in the risk of uterine fibroids recurrence after surgical treatment in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the recurrence rate of uterine fibroids in patients of reproductive age after surgical treatment. The study involved 49 women of reproductive age 20-39 years (average age 31.5±4.3 years) with unrealized reproductive plans. All underwent surgical treatment in the scope of laparoscopic conservative myomectomy for uterine fibroids with different symptoms. All patients were given vitamin D levels. Results. In 93.5% of cases, the risk of recurrence of uterine fibroids increases at vitamin D levels below 34.5 ng/ml, when reaching 38.6 ng/ml and above, the risk of reformation of nodes is minimal. Conclusions. When the vitamin D level exceeds 38.6 ng/ml, it is possible to minimize the risk of recurrence of uterine fibroids in women of reproductive age, thereby avoiding repeated surgical interventions and associated complications.


The aims of this paper is to discuss, taking as reference the route of Taylorist-Fordist accumulation of capital and means of fl exible accumulation, the work and education, problematized the different dimensions of organization and control of labor process, and kills. It is understood that historically the capital of knowledge is appropriate for class-who-lives-of-work, using it as a technique for the production of goods, resulting in a constant process of professional deskilling and intensifi cation of work.


There are some new problem existed in many aspects of construction and maintenance of county road.The authors propose their ideas based on construction practice.


The Brillouin frequency shift and linewidth were measured over the full temperature range in which the fibre experiences no structural damage, demonstrating that Brillouin sensing can be actually performed from 1 K to 1000 K.


The reflection measurements were carried out for fourteen simple salts of the tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) anion radical over the range from 5000 to 42000 cm−1 by Avery's method. The solid-state spectra show three bands (CT, YI, and YII) and exhibit distinct differences depending on the cation species. According to the differences in the transition energy (σi) and the oscillator strength (fi), the fourteen salts were classified into three groups (A, B, and C). The solid-state spectra of Group A resemble that of the dimer in an aqueous solution. Group B is characterized by the red shift of the CT band and the intensity increase in the YII band. The spectra of Group C exhibit a vibrational structure in the YI band which is similar to the monomer spectrum in an aqueous solution. Moreover, the large dispersion of the refractive index and the intensity increase in the bands of local excitation were observed for Group C. The electronic structures of these groups were studied by the use of the composite-syste...


In this paper,the structures of the unstable manifold of a continuous self-mapping on a completely densely ordered linear ordered topological space is discussed.First it is proved that the unstable manifold of a fixed point is connected.Next,it is show that the unstable manifold of a periodic point is the union of finite intervals.Finally,using the above conclusions,the following result is obtained: The boundary points of the unstable manifold of any continuous self-mapping,on completely densely ordered linear ordered topological space with the maximal element and the minimal element,are periodic points if they do not belong to the unstable manifold.


sed from 97 + 37 ml/m2 and 126 + 38 ml/m2 to 61 + 34 ml/m2 and 93 + 37 ml/m2 respectively, but did not significantly reduced nor iESV neither iEDV in non responders that passed from 158 + 44 ml/m2 and 196 + 43 ml/m2 to 152 + 45 ml/m2 and to 184 + 44 ml/m2 respectively [3]. In responders the favourable effects of CRT are obtained within 2 months and are stable at least over a period of 6 months [8], but, possibly far longer. Consequently the determinants of CRT outcome are also the determinants of a further clinical course. In subjects with moderate left ventricular enlargement (iEDV 142 ml/m2) no significant functional improvements are obtained by CRT with consequent poor prognosis [6]. In our series all the patients that developed hard events (death or acute heart failure requiring hospitalization) over a two year follow-up had a pre-CRT LVEF no higher than 0.21 with no significant changes after CRT. In a three year survival study [6] on a relatively small series of patients (mean age 74 years) we observed that the subjects died for a worsening heart failure, had pre-CRT iESV volumes > 194 ml/m2. A very important left ventricular enlargement probably accounts for the nearly 30% of patients that do not take advantage from CRT [1, 7]. In the consideration that CRT is usually effective only in subjects with a moderate left ventricular enlargement and without an extremely depressed LVEF, we


The question about mental disorders after thyroidectomy has not very excessively drawn attention in literature. The great majority of follw-up studies, published from a surgical and medical point of view, do not even mention psychopathology in patients operated on for goiter. The exceptions from this rule are generally notes about postoperative psychoses, as the neurotic consequences are usually passed over in silence. The authors content themselves with stating with satisfaction that the toxic state has disappeared or improved and the remaining symptoms are due to persistent or recurrent thyrotoxicosis. The following examples illustrate how little attention has been paid to this problem. Liebig (1924) found 3 cases of postoperative psychosis among 268 thyroidectomized patients. Frazier & Mosser (1928) counted among 146 operated patients 15.8 per cent who having recovered from their hyperthyroidism showed some general nervous symptoms. No conclusions were drawn on the basis of these facts. Thompson. (1932) discussed the psychic'changes which appear in most of the patients suffering from Graves' disease, and considered them to be .merely exaggerations of reactions that previously were present in less intense form)). After the treatment the patients should become .merely restored to their former state of emotional instability.. Without any comment Licht & Hill (1936) described the preoperative symptoms which 60 patients still showed from 3 months up to 6 years after the operation, and also to which degree these symptoms appeared. In spite of the fact that these symptoms were found in rather many cases,. at least to some degree, the authors counted 96 per cent as successful (,fine, good or improved,). McQuiZZan & Breidenbach (1937) gave an account of a


The sections in this article are

Introduction
Hard Tooth Tissues
Periodontal Tissues
Oral Cavity Mucosa
OCT Images of Labial Salivary Glands in Norm and Pathology
Acknowledgments

Keywords:

optical coherence tomography;
hard tooth tissues;
periodontal tissues;
oral cavity mucosa;
labial salivary glands


A practice of increasing importance in the railroad industry is that of dedicating freight cars for the use of a particular shipper. Such cars are said to be in assigned service.
 Theoretically, assigned fleets should lead to less efficient car utilization because of one-way loaded moves and empty return over the same route.
 In simplest terms, if the fleet is oversized, cars will always be available for loading and unloading which amounts to "optimal" service. However, utilization of the fleet will be poor since cars will spend a great deal of time waiting to be loaded or unloaded. Thus, costs will escalate. Also, as will be seen, there are strategies available to the railroad(s) providing the service and to the shipper for improving utilization and service for a fleet of a given size. Of course, these strategies can also be used to reduce the fleet size required to provide a given level of service. These strategies are discussed in Section II.
 A simple simulation model of assigned fleet operation has been described and applied to both a hypothetical set of conditions and a "real-world" situation. The model was useful in studying the trade-offs in the design of a particular assigned fleet. A comparative study of the various available options was carried out and the impact of these options on both the railroad(s) involved and the shipper are now better understood. The hoped for next step is the implementation of these strategies in actual operation practice.


Curriculum transformation was examined at seven higher education institutions in the USA that were developing 'performance-based' teacher-education programmes. A heuristic was created to differentiate the contemporary performance standards-based assessment movement from its historical predecessor, competency- or performance-based teacher education. This heuristic provides the basis for a comparative analysis of curriculum change at these seven institutions, focusing on four questions: (1) Do the standards and performance assessments convey an image of a teacher as a professional who is engaged in intellectual work that requires careful deliberation? (2) Do they reflect the complex, integrated nature of teaching knowledge? (3) Do they evoke an image of teaching that is learner-centred and context-dependent?; and (4) Do they call for shared responsibility for assessing the quality of teaching in authentic settings? The paper concludes with lessons and dilemmas for teacher educators and policy makers involved in performance-based reform efforts.


The article discusses caking of loose materials and main methods of its prevention. The main characteristics of nitrile-butadiene rubber are outlined. It is possible to obtain hydrophobic-modifying additives during thermochemical degradation of organic matter peat. The author presents a method for analyzing anticaking agents based on peat and mineral compositions. The comparative analysis of the effectiveness of anticaking agents made of kaolin and chalk is made. It is established that the treatment of powdered nitrile butadiene rubber with a hydrophobically modified chalk makes it possible to reduce its ability to cake by 22.5 times during long-term storage compared with the control sample.


Based on the China seasonally adjusted monthly chain price indexes, the VAR model has been used in the research on the transmission mechanism of market price. Empirical results show that MPI, PPI, CPI monthly chain index are not smooth series, but with cointegration relationship in China, and a long-run equilibrium relationship exists among them. Then Granger causality test and impulse response function analysis is applied into the VAR model based on them, and the conclusions are as follows: there is a demand-pull characteristic in China price transmission, and the effect of transmission from CPI to PPI is very obvious, but has two months lag, the transmission from PPI to MPI has the same effect. In addition, the impact of transm-ission from CPI to PPI is gradually stable after three months, and the stabilization time of transmission from PPI to MPI is four months. And then the market prices have entered a new equilibrium. The conclusion shows that the market price is influ-enced by demand in current time, the price fluctuations in the consumption area will have an impact and influence on the whole industrial chain price, and the CPI has become the leading indicators in the price fluctuations.


Web service is an important technology for constructing distributed applications. In order to provide more complex functionalities, services can be reused by applying service composition. A service composition can be designed and implemented through a centralization or decentralization strategy. When observing the decentralized service composition, several researchers found out that this kind of compositions has its own advantages. These findings promote the development of approaches for designing, implementing and applying decentralized service compositions. Process partitioning is a topic about dividing a process into a collection of small parts. The technique is applicable to partitioning a process in a centralized service composition, and the result can provide support to constructing a decentralized service composition. This paper presents a technique of process partitioning. The technique can be used for constructing decentralized service compositions, and it provides a graph transformation based approach to reorganizing a process which is represented as a process structure graph. Compared to existing approaches, the technique can partition well-structured and unstructured processes. Some issues about decentralized service compositions and performance tests of service compositions are discussed in this paper. Experimental results show that, when compared with the centralized service composition, the decentralized service composition can have lower average response time and higher throughput in runtime environment.


In this paper a fast Multi-output Regression algorithm is implemented based on piecewise linear approximation (PLA). Maximum distance point splitting is used to fit lines piecewisely. Then the best knot set of linear segmentation is obtained. The independent variable X is divided into some linear intervals, which make it possible that linear regression is implemented in fast and accurate way. The knot set with the smallest error in all dimensions of dependent variable is used as the node partition scheme. The matrix of regression model is derived by the least square. The Experiment results prove that the algorithm achieves the performance of the state-of-the-art with predicting time below millisecond.


Objective: Constraint Induced Movement Therapy has been found to be a promising treatment for substantially improving the use of extremities affected by neurologic injuries such as stroke and traumatic brain injury in adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the applicability of a child friendly form of CI Therapy on young children with cerebral palsy. Method: Thirty Children with hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy age 4-8 years received CI Therapy and completed evaluations. They were randomized to either Group A or Group B. In both the groups children wore mitt as restraint on their non-involved upper extremity and the involved upper extremity was engaged into play & functional activities for six hours per day for ten week days. In Group A all the activities done by children were under the supervision of therapist where as Group B was more of home based program although activities were therapist guided. Changes in upper extremity function were evaluated with Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test. The evaluations took place at the onset of intervention and after completing two weeks of intervention. Results: Children in both the groups demonstrated significant improved functional efficiency of their involved upper extremity (p Conclusion: Results suggest that the CI Therapy can improve motoric function among children with hemiparesis and that this efficacy is more in a therapist supervised CIMT program.


The process for preparing polymeric dyes was studied. By orthogonal test, the best condition for the reaction of reactive blue dyes K R and chitosan was found to be temperature 80℃,pH 7,stirring rate 500 r/min ,reative time 5 h;the best condition for the reaction of reactive blue dyes KN R and chitosan was found to be temperature 50℃,pH 8,stirring rate 500 r/min,reative time 2.5 h.In addition, the best baking condition was found to be temperature 150℃,time 3~5 min.By compared with common pigment, the polymeric dyes has better rubbing fastness and washing fastness. The rubbing fastness is 1~2 band higher than common pigment.


The increasing number of ECUs causes the CAN bus overloaded and consequently the error probability of data transmission increases. Since the time duration for the data transmission is proportional to CAN frame length, it is desirable to reduce the frame length. In this paper, we present a CAN message compression method using Data Length Code (DLC) and compression area selection algorithm to reduce the CAN frame length and the error probability during the transmission of CAN messages. By simulations in actual car applications, it is shown that the CAN transmission data is reduced up to 54% by the proposed method, compared with conventional methods.


The reaction of 2-phenyl- or 2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)aziridine with 3-chlorocyclohex-2-enone give principally 3-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethylamino)cyclohex-2-enone or 3-[2-hydroxy-2-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-ethylamino]cyclohex-2-enone, respectively, instead of the expected aziridines, in each case via the 2-chloro-derivative. 2-Benzyl-3-phenylaziridine and 2-chlorocyclohex-2-enone combine to form the expected 3-aziridinylcyclohex-2-enone, which does not easily undergo ring expansion with iodide ion.


Objectives Immunoglobulin A(IgA)plays a major role in a maintenance of well-balanced and diverse gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lactoferrin (LF)supplementation for 4 weeks on IgA secretion, enteric environment, sleep quality and mood states in healthy adults. Methods Sixty healthy participants aged 20-63 were enrolled in this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Participants were randomly assigned to LLF group, (LF 270 mg╱day)or placebo group(n=30, respectively). Results The IgA secretion were greater in LLF group than those of placebo group(P<0.05). No significant differences were found in defecation frequency and fecal output between two groups. Some indices related to enteric environment such as fecal microbiota and putrefactive products were beneficially changed only in LLF group. Improving of sleep quality and reducing fatigue feeling is also confirmed in LLF group. Salivary secretory IgA secretion was positively correlated with defecation frequency and output, negatively correlated with fecal phenol in LLF group. In addition, no clinically relevant adverse events were observed during the test period.Conclusion These findings suggest that LF supplementation could increase IgA secretion and improve the enteric environment, sleep quality and daily mood.


We have developed a tool for automatically designing distributed digital circuits for the control of all the elements in a manufacturing plant. These circuits can be implemented as traditional boards or programmed into the controllers of the machinery present. The tool is based on evolutionary techniques and provides a way to obtain the best set of controllers for the different elements in the plant using as evaluating criteria parameters related to the global operation of the plant and not to particular parameters of the electronic circuits or individual controllers. These parameters may be productivity, cost, or any other ratio having to do with the real operation of the business. We have extended the evolutionary methodologies in order to be able to design, at the complete system level, combinations of low level systems (digital electronic circuits) without any direct specification of their input/output relationships but rather taking into account the plant they are going to be working in and the high level constraints imposed on the whole system. The resulting tool has been tested in a real kitchen furniture manufacturing plant using as test bench the lacquering line within the plant


In several practical application domains, combinatorial optimization problem (POC) is an very important. Due to the difficulty of problems optimization and many practical applications that can take the formula of a POC. Currently the major challenge is to resolve a generic POC large, where the use of meta-heuristic is recommended. Their approach "A unique solution", based on the appearance of intensification, quickly gives a good solution, but may be trapped by a local optimum. This above is avoided with the appearance of diversification provided by approach "to the population of solution", the latter has the disadvantage that found solution set is just an approximation of the optimum .this while we can see that the hybridization of two approaches can better guide the process of research to the optimal solution, the mechanism of parallelism is a computing power and can accelerate the process of optimization. To enter this hybridization gains parallel it offers in this paper an application of the latter on the QAP quadratic assignment.


With dodecanol (C12OH) as a model molecule of insect sex pheromone as core material, natural polymers gelatin (GE) and acacia gum (AG) as wall materials, microcapsules aiming to be a sprayable environment-friendly pesticide were prepared via GE simple coacervation and complex coacervation of GE and AG. C12OH encapsulation in complex coacervation was higher than those in simple coacervation. Its encapsulation was enhanced with increase in wall material cross-linking. C12OH release revealed that samples from simple coacervation reached their end in 7 days, whereas those from complex coacervation manifested a quick release followed by a constant release. With increase in wall material cross-linking, the release was slowed down. SEM observation confirmed that core-shell morphology existed in the capsules.


In this article, we examine various qualitative features of solutions of a nonlinear delay integro-differential equation. We prove three new theorems which include sufficient conditions on asymptotic stability (AS), integrability, and boundedness of solutions, using a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. We present examples that show applications of our results.


Part 1 Introduction: getting started with ARC/INFO basics of Geographic Information Systems internal organization of ARC/INFO managing attribute data. Part 2 ARCPLOT: the basics of map production query, display and symbols in ARCPLOT gathering features in display GIScity visualizing information in display GIScity reporting GIS information in display GIScity. Part 3 ARCEDIT: editing coverages in ARCEDIT adding and modifying features in ARCEDIT starting a session in edit GIScity editing lines in edit GIScity editing points and areas in edit GIScity editing secondary features in edit GIScity. Part 4 ARC: managing workspaces and coverages in ARC processing and converting coverages in ARC. Part 5 AML: putting ARC/INFO to work with AML.


Cohesive granular materials may exhibit a much wider variety of microstructures than cohesionless ones, as adhesive forces may stabilize loose particle arrangements spanned by tenuous contact networks. We use DEM-type numerical simulations to explore two important aspects of the mechanical behaviour of these materials: isotropic or oedometric compression, in which the growing applied stress gradually overcomes the tensile strengths in contacts and causes the irreversible collapse of initially loose networks; and the critical states and inertial flows in steady, homogeneous shear, under controlled normal stress. A simple model of capillary cohesion for wet beads in the pendular regime lends itself to quantitative comparisons with laboratory experiments in both cases. A reduced pressure P* is defined, comparing the applied stress to the tensile strength of contacts, and shown to control the transition between loose, tenuous systems akin to colloidal aggregates and much denser cohesionless granular assemblies. A linear variation of void index with log P* is observed in compression within some intermediate P* range, in agreement with classical phenomenology in soil mechanics and other fields, and this behaviour is shown to be strongly influenced by the initial structure. Depending on the assembling procedure, this latter is characterized by coordination numbers and distribution of pore sizes, which significantly vary for the same particle solid fraction. Steady uniform shear flows are hardly observable for small P*, due to strong localization effets. For P* of order 1 or a few units, constitutive laws may be formulated that generalize the frictional or viscoplastic laws of cohesionless materials, as expressed with inertial number I (a reduced strain rate), to P*-dependent similar forms, involving both I and P*. In the quasistatic limit a macroscopic cohesion, in the sense of the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, may be identified for not too small Pˆ*, and the enhanced shear resistance due to cohesion may be estimated via an "effective stress" assumption which, although not exact, proves quite efficient. The newt perspective is the P*-dependent gradual evolution of the microstructure from initial compression to steady shear flow.


Silicone defoamers are used to control foam during the processing of fruit juices. Residual silicones in fruit juices can be separated from the naturally occurring siliceous materials in fruit products and selectively recovered by solvent extraction, after suitable pretreatment. The recovered silicone is measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Silicone concentrations as low as about 1 ppm can be measured. The juices are accurately spiked for recovery studies by the addition of silicone dispersed in D-sorbitol.


The present study was done to assist the effect of obesity and diabetes on semen quality and fertility of adult males in Erbil city. For this purpose, one hundred twenty adult males were used in this study. The subjects were divided into four groups. The control group included 30 healthy males, the obese group included 30 males with BMI ≥ 30. The diabetes group included 30 males with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2 DM)and obese and the diabetes group included 30 males with both BMI ≥ 30 and T2 DM. Semen analysis and sex hormones were determined to evaluate semen quality and fertility. The incidence of abnormal viscosity in patient groups is significantly higher than that of the control group. Semen volume, sperm concentration, normal morphology, total motility, and grade activity in the control group is significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups. Lower sex hormones LH, FSH, and testosterone were recorded in a group of obese with diabetes group. A lower concentration of the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) is recorded in the control group. Despite the decreasing of the semen volume, sperm concentration, normal morphology, and motility in the patient's groups, all these values are not threshold and within the normal ranges which were recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). In our results concluded that obesity and diabetes have a minor effect and not detrimental to the fertility of males.


Traditional socialist political economics represented by the soviet Course of political Economics Socialist part has become more and more inharmonious with quick development of Chinese economy and has lost its power as a guide in the present economy.Therefore Chinese economics should be constructed based on the practical situation of the primary stage of Chinese socialism and directed by Marxist economical theory with the economic system in the primary stage of socialism as a core.


The Changsha classic horticulture culture is the treasure of Huxiang horticulture culture.It originated in the Han Dynasty(206 B.C.) and developed in the time of Tang and Song Dynasties(670——960,.A.D.)and it made prosperous in the time of the Ming and Qing Dynasties(1368——1911,A.D.).This horticulture gathered the gardens of academy of classic learning,the temple gardening,the imperial palace horticulture and private gardens.Yuelu Academy of classic learning is the first place in these four academies of classic learning.It is the typical horticulture of claasic gardens in Changsha.Compared to those in the south China the classic horticulture in Changsha is more attached to the ingenious integration of the natural landscape that reflects a certain implication of the Huxiang culture that gives us the reference for the living environment.


1. An accessory for a mobile device equipped with a built-in portable electrical cigarette lighter comprising: (a) a protective accessory for the mobile device; (b) electrical lighters mechanism incorporated in said protective accessory and comprising: (i) a heating element, (ii) power source, and (iii) switch, adapted to activate said heating element by operably connecting said heating element to said source pitaniya.2. An accessory for a mobile device according to Claim. 1, characterized in that said power source is an independent source pitaniya.3. An accessory for a mobile device according to Claim. 1, characterized in that said power source is a power source of a mobile device disposed in said protective aksessuare.4. An accessory for a mobile device according to claim. 2, characterized in that said autonomous power source is selected from the group consisting of a rechargeable battery, non-rechargeable battery, a solar battery and a combination of any batarey.5 above. An accessory for a mobile device according to Claim. 1, characterized in that said accessory is a protective cover for nosheniya.6. An accessory for a mobile device according to Claim. 1, characterized in that said accessory is a protective cover for the mobile ustroystva.7. An accessory for a mobile device according to claim 1, characterized in that said mechanism further comprises lighters:. (Iv) a sliding shutter adapted to open and close said heating element.8. Accessory to a mobile device according to claim. 7, on the


In a network E-learn system,how to precisely locate the disfigurement of learner is the main task of evaluation of E-learn system and also is a difficult problem.Through marking knowledge points,ability points,method points and error phenomenon on learning resource,the information of resources is to be subdivided and deepened.The evaluating information from test and check based on these data will be more precise and deeper.


The plays of Wole Soyinka are becoming well known to readers abroad and even finding ready production. Besides numerous university presentations Soyinka' s plays have been performed professionally in London and New York. The latter off-Broadway production was actually reviewed in Time, which is always ready to spot a trend. These productions are a high compliment to the quality of the plays and to the immediacy of the appeal they have to an audience bound essentially by cultural boundaries other than the writer's own. Wole Soyinka' s plays, though deeply committed to the African experience which makes their setting, do have a ready appeal. Two particularly, The Trials of Brother Jero and The Lion and The Jewel, have been especially popular. Wole Soyinka was one of a group of young Nigerian writers who a decade or so ago initiated a new literature an African literature, written not in the vernacular, but in English, the second language of their education. These young men, of whom Chinua Achebe the novelist and J. P. Clark the poet are best known abroad, were a new phenomenon. They were not the simple story tellers that popular ignorance expected from Africa but serious and cosmopolitan young men, well read in literature formally through their university studies, and more generally through their recognition of themselves as part of a much wider view of contemporary English language literatures across the world. Their sensitive and sophisticated works are now commonly studied in schools in many African countries and are also becoming well known in this country. Since the work of a dramatist needs stage presentation, he is in a position different from that of the novelist and poet who can expect publication. A publishing house may be willing to present a small volume of poetry or a new novel where even a financial loss may be set against the prestige of the initial intention, but dramatic production is a much more expensive and complicated matter and far greater caution is apparent. The plays of a dramatist may be published, but he must make his name initially in production, for printing will represent his success and not be the cause of it. Since the dramatist's original audience will be African, one might expect a greater difficulty in making the plays meaningful to a foreign audience, yet Wole Soyinka has solved this problem by being widely eclectic. His plays,


A model is presented for the 1612 MHz OH masers associated with infrared stars. Its principal conclusions are as follows. The central stars are losing approx.3 x 10/sup -5/ M/sub sun/yr/sup -1/, and the masers operate in the outer regions (r>10/sup 16/ cm) of the circumstellar envelopes. The maser radiation is narrowly beamed in the radial direction, both inward and outward. Thus the two maser emission features originate in the near and the far sides of the expanding circumstellar gas. The 1612 MHz maser is powered by the absorption of 35 ..mu.. photons which excite the OH molecules from the /sup 2/Pi/sub 3///sub 2/,J=3/2 ground state to the /sup 2/Pi/sub 1///sub 2/,J=5/2 state. The excited OH molecules return to the ground state by a series of radiative decays. In most cases, the radiative cascade proceeds directly down the /sup 2/Pi/sub 1///sub 2/ ladder. The final and the most important step in the pump cycle is the radiative decay from the /sup 2/Pi/sub 1///sub 2/,J=1/2 state to the /sup 2/Pi/sub 3///sub 2/,J= =3/2 state. If the transitions which link these two states are optically thick, a strong inversion of the F=1..-->..F=2 1612 MHz transition is produced. (AIP)


There has been a growing interest in the use of the computer in language learning because of its capacity to offer interactive learning and to handle a much wider range of activities than other educational aids. Although the traditional view of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) implies the substitution of the computer for the teacher and wholly self-use of the machine, this paper emphasizes CALL's advantage of enhancing the teacher's ability to teach. Some practical ways to use the computer in developing vocabulary and grammar are discussed. Ways to use CALL in teaching the four primary skills--reading, writing, speaking, and listening--are also described. Advantages include immediate feedback and individualization. It is concluded that future developments in CALL must be rooted in research and that consideration must be given to the sort of learning environment that is desirable. A list of software (17 items) and its availability is appended. Contains 29


Sound Source Location is a topic that has been studied over the past decades for a wide range of applications whether in air or underwater, resulting in the development of different sophisticated methods and systems. Nevertheless, this topic in not usually included in the curricula of acoustic courses for the requirement of expensive and specialized instrumentation. The purpose of this research is to develop a practical approach looking to involve the students by using common hardware for which they are already familiar with: hardware from the videogames industry. In the Acoustics department of the Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Mecanica y Electrica (ESIME Zacatenco), IPN Mexico, a low-cost Sound Source Location system has been implemented for this purpose. The system is built around a PS3 Eye digital camera that includes a linear array of four microphones, and Raspberry Pi microcomputer. The Beamforming algorithms are programmed in Python to provide flexibility and ease of experimentation. It was originally designed for research applications, and now it is a prototype for laboratory practice. The system provides the undergraduate students with the basics of linear arrays and associated processing techniques engaging the students by using familiar hardware from the games industry and real life applications.Sound Source Location is a topic that has been studied over the past decades for a wide range of applications whether in air or underwater, resulting in the development of different sophisticated methods and systems. Nevertheless, this topic in not usually included in the curricula of acoustic courses for the requirement of expensive and specialized instrumentation. The purpose of this research is to develop a practical approach looking to involve the students by using common hardware for which they are already familiar with: hardware from the videogames industry. In the Acoustics department of the Escuela Superior de Ingenieria Mecanica y Electrica (ESIME Zacatenco), IPN Mexico, a low-cost Sound Source Location system has been implemented for this purpose. The system is built around a PS3 Eye digital camera that includes a linear array of four microphones, and Raspberry Pi microcomputer. The Beamforming algorithms are programmed in Python to provide flexibility and ease of experimentation. It was origina...


Transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) are the smallest RNA in the translational triune and contain the greatest density of post-transcriptional modifications than any other RNA types in the cell. Due to the size of tRNA studying these modifications usually entails enzymatic digestion followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Here we report an advancement in Intact Mass Analysis for identification of tRNA through deconvolution of high resolution accurate mass spectrometry facilitated using a secondary alkylamine as an ion pairing reagent during reverse phase chromatography. We identify in isolated and total S. cerevisiae tRNA 3' CCA variations and show that most tRNA lack a 3' adenosine with the lesser abundant species having the expected CCA termini. We identify a previously unknown stable demethylated Wybutosine intermediate for tRNAPHE and identify low abundant contaminating tRNAs in an isolated tRNAPHE sample. Confirmation of identities was verified through traditional mass spectrometric nucleoside and mass mapping experiments.


A simple fractal, or hierarchical, circuit model is presented which simulates the anomalous loss behavior in ferromagnetic materials as a function of frequency and peak flux density. According to this model, the anomalous losses comprise a cascade of scaling eddy current losses. The terminal voltage and current of this model are related by a fractional derivative, which is a generalization of the well-known relationship for an inductor. Experimental results reported previously are easily reproduced using this model.<<ETX>>


tution which exercises a highly selective admissions policy. To what extent does this type of unrealistic self-appraisal exist before counseling? To what degree does knowledge of oneself increase as a result of counseling? And to what extent will any gain in self-knowledge be maintained following counseling ? As used in this study, the term &dquo;self-knowledge&dquo; may be defined as the picture an individual has of his relative standing


The acute toxicity effects of four crude oils including TJ016,TJ015,TJ014,TJ002 and four refined oils including No.-20 diesel,F380,F120,F180 on the post larvae of Fenneropenaeus chinensis and Marsupenaeus japonicus were studied when the oils were spilled to ocean.The results showed that the order of toxicity of oil pollution on the post larvae of Fenneropenaeus chinensis was F120 F180 TJ014 TJ015 F380 No.-20 diesel TJ002 TJ016,and that on the post larvae of Marsupenaeus japonicus was F180 F120 No.-20 diesel TJ015 TJ014 TJ002 F380 TJ016.In general,the toxicity effects of the eight oils on the two kinds of post larvae were relatively similar,the toxicity effect of F180 and F120 was the largest,that of TJ016 was the smallest,and that of other oils differed little.


The present seems to be a suitable occasion to invite attention to several points in connection with the epidemic occurrence of yellow fever in the United States at the present as well as at other times. In the discussion of the symposium on yellow fever at the meeting of the American Public Health Association in Washington in 1903, I called attention 1 to the necessity during the epidemic season for requiring physicians, in cities where yellow fever is prevailing or likely to prevail, to report promptly to the authorities all cases of fever of any kind coming to their notice. This is necessary in order that there may be no delay in the institution of proper measures to protect the community against extension of the disease if it be yellow fever, for this extension will almost surely take place in the more southern latitudes if the patients are not protected


While receptivity plays a key role in the transition of hypersonic flows, most prior computational receptivity studies have neglected to replicate realistic broadband and continuous frequency disturbance spectra. This work uses perfect gas Linear Stability Theory (LST) and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) to study the receptivity of flow over a 9.525 mm nose radius, 7-degree half-angle straight cone at Mach 10 using finite spherical and planar pulses to approximate disturbances with continuous and broadband frequency spectra. Freestream fast acoustic, slow acoustic, temperature, and vorticity pulses of both geometries were studied to investigate a wide range of forcing conditions. Unsteady DNS predicts second mode growth and agrees well with LST. DNS and LST data are used to extract second mode receptivity coefficients and phase spectra. For the finite pulses the strongest to weakest responses are for the fast acoustic, temperature, slow acoustic, and vorticity pulses respectively. The planar disturbances show the strongest response for the slow acoustic, temperature, vorticity, and fast acoustic pulses in that order. FFT results vary strongly in noise dependency based on the disturbance type and pulse geometry, and the planar fast acoustic case in particular is shown to be much more receptive to forcing modes.


Abstract Conformational studies have been carried out on two myoglobin (Mb) derivatives in which glutamic acid residues 83 and 85 were modified by coupling, after activation with carbodiimide, with glycine methyl ester (i.e. di(glycylmethyl ester)-myoglobin, (GlyMe)2-Mb) or with histidine methyl ester, (HisMe)2-Mb. Determination of the molecular parameters by gel filtration showed that Mb and (HisMe)2-Mb had identical molecular parameters, while in (GlyMe)2-Mb a large degree of unfolding and increase in the asymmetry of the molecule was observed. These studies also showed that even in the corresponding apoproteins, apomyoglobin (ApoMb) and (HisMe)2-ApoMb appeared to have similar conformational parameters, whereas (GlyMe)2-ApoMb was more unfolded. In optical rotatory dispersion measurements, (HisMe)2-Mb was only slightly less rotatory than Mb at the negative minimum at 233 nm and at the positive 199 nm extremum. Also the b0 value of (HisMe)2-Mb (-382) was slightly lower than that of Mb (-419). On the other hand (GlyMe)2-Mb showed a large degree of unfolding as evidenced by a sharp decrease of all of its optical rotatory dispersion parameters. Measurement of rotatory behaviors with decreasing pH showed that large unfolding of (HisMe)2-Mb takes place in a somewhat slightly higher pH range (pH 4.75 to 3.5) than the corresponding range for MbX (pH 4.0 to 3.0). (GlyMe)2-Mb, on the other hand, exhibited only a small decrease in rotatory power as the pH is lowered from 4.0 to 3.0. In circular dichroism measurements, the reduced molar ellipticity values at the negative bands at 208 nm and at 221 nm for Mb and (HisMe)2-Mb were equal in magnitude both around neutrality and at acid pH. The ellipticity values for (GlyMe)2-Mb were greatly suppressed relative to Mb. Circular dichroism measurements at acid pH showed little or no change in the [θ'] values for (GlyMe)2-Mb, indicating that little, if any, further unfolding of the molecule had taken place. The results are discussed in terms of the three-dimensional structure of Mb in the crystalline state and suggest that the two carboxyl groups at positions 83 and 85 do not participate in hydrogen bonding in the native protein.


Abstract Seredipitious 1, 4-additon reactions of alkynyl tungsten Fischer carbene complex with azides with the exclusion of nitrogen to form βamino carbene complexes were found.


In this study, 5 performance test items and6 environmental test items suitable for domestic operating conditions and environments have been selected through investigating international standards of the door system of the high-speed train. Also, life test method has been established by analyzing actual operation conditions of the domestic high-speed train, and the qualified life of B1 20,400 cycle and zero-failure test of 3.6×105 cycle have been derived, so that it would help to utilize for localization development of the door system of the high-speed train.


The article brings three researches that complement each other. One marked by an analysis of state of the art situation around educational podcasts, a second research characterized by an experiment carried out in a class of pedagogy course of the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL) and, finally, an evaluation of the perspectives of future teachers regarding the advantages and disadvantages of using this technological tool in their learning, as well as the willingness to use podcasts in their future teaching performances. The research shows that the volume of theses and dissertations aimed at the use of educational podcasts is still reduced, although the potentialities highlighted by these works are numerous, evidencing the importance of greater investments in the theme and dissemination of successful practices. From the experiment it was noticed that the podcasts enhanced the learning of future teachers, as well as awakened them to the possibilities of their use in their future teaching practices.


In this paper we propose a two-parameter probability model of quantized DCT coefficients for image and video (i.e. JPEG&MPEG format materials), which is based on empirical observation of their statistics in the quantized DCT coefficient domain. The parameters are evaluated in terms of the maximum likelihood criterion which is applied to different frequency coefficients space. The experimental results show that quantized DCT coefficients' distribution modeled by generalized Laplacian performs better than by Laplacian.


CPOWDER, a profile fitting software package for powder diffraction pattern, consisting of several profile fitting programs, a Monte Carlo peak separation program, a background determination program, a plotting program, a simulated pattern generating program and a full width at half maximum fitting program, is developed. The package has been applied in crystal structure determination from powder diffraction data, and determination of particle size and microstrain.


Having worldwide spread from its native American distribution to Africa and Asia since 2016, the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a crop pest species that has entered Nepal in May 2019 and distributed all over in a rapid way. Nepal is an agrarian nation and the majority of the farmers grow maize on a large scale. This pest has found to affect the maize substantially and damages all the crops entirely declining the yield heavily. This is a menace to maize farmers and poses a major threat to food security and agricultural trade. Thus this review focuses on the assessment of biology of the pest and the possible management approaches which the smallholder maize farmers could afford. Integrated pest management approaches, the integration of physical, chemical, and biological method, is adopted by the majority of the corn producers to reduce the impact of the pest on the crops. Different national and international organizations and institutions have been working to develop the strategies for effective control of such a harmful insect in Nepal.


Introduction Late in 2015 the three of us received an email from the American Mathematical Society notifying us that we had won the Leroy P. Steele Prize for Mathematical Exposition for our text Ideals, Varieties and Algorithms, published in 1992 and now in its fourth edition [4]. We were stunned. True, many readers over the years have told us that they loved the book. Nonetheless, the book was written for undergraduates, and to our knowledge no book written explicitly for undergraduates had ever won the Steele Prize. We are often asked how the book got started, and we individually answer as best we can. When the Notices asked, we decided to pool our memories and offer the following account.With the advantage of over twodecades of hindsight, we realize how much we owe to accident.


Objective To investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor binding protein(IGFBP)-3 on inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods The inhibitory effect of IGFBP-3 on proliferation of NCI-H520 and A549 cell lines in vitro was detected by CCK-8 assay.The cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were observed by flow cytometry.The morphological change was observed by inverted microscope.Results CCK-8 assay showed that IGFBP-3 at the concentration of 0.05,0.10,0.20,0.40,0.80 μg/ml significantly inhibited proliferation of A549 and NCI-H520 cells in a dose dependent.Flow cytometry analysis showed that IGFBP-3 induced S phage arrest and high peak of cell apoptosis of A549 and NCI-H520 cells,especially in A549.Under inverted microscope,some A549 and NCI-H520 cells with condensed cytoplasm,loss of volume and broken cell were seen.Conclusions IGFBP-3 could inhibit proliferation,and induce apoptosis of NSCLC cells.


An article in USA today written by John Hopkins (2007) explains what it takes to be a successful selfemployed person. Looking at the list of characteristics, education and experience are missing from the equation. What Hopkins lists as crucial is being a risk taker, knowing how to manage money, and even having the right genetics. The fact that education and experience are viewed by Hopkins to have minimal influence on the success of being self-employed is odd considering that those are some of most important factors for being successful according to economic theory which is later discussed in this paper, which is why I hypothesize that education and experience will have a significant impact on the success of a self-employed individual. This article is available in The Park Place Economist: http://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/parkplace/vol20/iss1/15 The Park Place Economist, Volume XX 65 RETURNS FROM SELF-EMPLOYMENT: USING HUMAN CAPITAL THEORY TO COMPARE U.S. NATIVES AND IMMIGRANTS


The green walnut hull extract with 95% ethanol and the fraction extracted from the extract above with ethyl acetate have obvious anti-feeding effect on armyworm and small vegetable-moth,and the fraction has obvious stomach poisoning effect.On contrast,the anti-feeding effects of the extracts from petroleum ether and ethyl acetate to small vegetable-moth are smaller than those to armyworm.The results also indicate that anti-feeding rate and death rate as well as growth inhibition rate of armyworm have correspondingly changed with the concentration change of the extract: the higher the concentration of extracts applied on armyworm,the bett the anti-feeding effect.