With the help of commercial software, we have discussed the novel numerical simulations for a two-dimensional rectangular cavity with two square rotating obstacles, Fig. 1, that has fixed dimensions from the reference point (0, 0) placed in it, and we have interpreted a detailed convection analysis for fluid flow that highlights the physical, mathematical and numerical aspects of this system. The square obstacles having an anti-clockwise rotation are heated to a certain temperature, respectively, where the behavior of the fluid distribution depends upon the values of Reynolds number. We have conducted this research by fixing Reynolds number at four different positions like Reynolds 10, 30, 50 and 80. The prime effects of Reynolds number and Prandtl number are highlighted for convection analysis. Finally, we have analyzed the results of velocity, pressure, vorticity and temperature from the viewpoint of numerical simulations. Heat transfer has a huge dependence on the Reynolds number and Prandtl number.


A major drawback of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals is extremely high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Signals with high PAPR lead to a lowering of the energy efficiency of power amplifiers and the shortened operation time causes a serious problem in battery-powered wireless terminals. We have found the CAZAC precoding makes the PAPR of M-array quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) OFDM signals into the PAPR of M-QAM single-carrier signals. Therefore, it can dramatically improve the PAPR of OFDM signals. However, to satisfy the 3GPP-LTE specification of frequency spectrum, severe bandpass filtering of CAZAC-OFDM signal lead to unacceptable regrowth of the PAPR. The paper provides available control procedure for PAPR and spectrum managements. It is confirmed that the CAZAC-OFDM signal controlled by our procedure maintains enough low PAPR and can provide comparable spectral specifications in the downlink channel of 3GPPLTE standard.


Agriculture's contribution to the local gross domestic product (GDP) came under the spotlight during the Nation in Conversation (NiC) dialogue series held during the 2016 Nampo Harvest Day. Experts discussed the contribution made by agriculture towards the GDP, its linkages, wider effect and the importance of agriculture in the broader economy.


Many duties and authorities have been predicted in different rules for municipality. Detailed analytical review of all of duties and authorities of municipality and their various effects and why and how these rules are legislated are very time consuming and beyond the scope of our discussion. However, with regard to the purposes of this paper which discusses the legal principles governing the duties and authorities of the municipality in the realm of private law, we inevitably have to consider this discussion and draw curt discussions regarding identification of municipal authorities and duties and investigation of law principles governing duties and individuals' private rights. In one side, identifying the duties and authorities of a municipality and its concept and nature and instances are discussed what the nature of the titles and duties is, what the purpose of forming a municipal council rules is and what criteria there are for the establishment of municipal and doing duties assigned, and what has been predicted for the protection of public rights and welfare of the citizens, and what losses and risks failure to perform the duties causes, in order to check the functions of the municipality, there are three important and useful functions influencing public and private rights of individuals including building permit, building density, and building use. This is an attempt to evaluate building density category as one of the important functions of the municipality and its conflict with individuals' private rights including jurisprudence - legal principle of no harm.


Taxonomy of Cultivated Plants brings together the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on the Taxonomy of Cultivated Plants. For the first time, a single volume covers the diverse interests of growers, breeders, scientists and all involved in the marking and legislation of cultivated plants and the impact of copyright on the horticultural industry. A major new reference for practitioners and students.


Background: Little is known about contraceptive care within the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of documented contraception by race/ethnicity within the VA and to examine the association between receiving primary care in women's health clinics (WHCs) and having a documented contraceptive method. Study Design: We examined national VA administrative and pharmacy data for 103,950 female veterans aged 18–45 years who made at least one primary care clinic visit in 2008. Multivariable regression models were used to examine the associations between race/ethnicity and receipt of care in a WHC with having a method of contraception while controlling for confounders. Results: Only 22% of women veterans had a documented method of contraception during 2008. After adjusting for potential confounders, Hispanic and African–American women were significantly less likely to have a method compared to whites [odds ratio (OR): 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–0.88 and OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81–0.89, respectively]. Women who went to WHCs were significantly more likely to have a method of contraception compared to women who went to traditional primary care clinics (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.97–2.14). Conclusions: Overall contraceptive prevalence in the VA is low, but receiving care in a WHC is associated with a significantly higher likelihood of having a contraceptive method. Published by Elsevier Inc.


Objective To investigate a more perfect method for a nice outward appearance of the thumb(finger) reconstructed.Methods An artery pedicle composite flap from fibular side of the great toe is inlaid in the tibial(ventral) side of the free second toe for thumb reconstruction and the same free second toe with a distal part of metatarsal bone with a double-wings flap for finger reconstruction before transplantation. Results The reconstructed thumb(finger) gets a nice looking and normal function while no blight to the great toe occurred.Conclusion It is an effective new procedure in ameliorating outward appearance of the recon- structed thumb(finger) by transferring the free moulded second toe.


Characterisation of gender differences throughout peer-review publication process as revealed by thorough analysis of Royal Society of Chemistry submissions, publications and citation data.


To understand the processes leading to climate change observations of tropical water vapor are of primal importance due to its dominant abundance as a greenhouse gas and its high variability. This applies particularly to the tropospheric region near the equator where only few measurements exist. The portable TRARA radiometer (developed by the IAP Bern) is operated at the Anton de Kom University of Suriname in Paramaribo and measures continuously since mid of December 2006. The sensor consists of two channels at frequencies of 21 and 35 GHz to observe the integrated water vapour content and the liquid water path. The results of two years of microwave data using statistical retrieval algorithms based on local sonde profiles which are available every other week at Paramaribo are shown.


Abstract : The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the use of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) as a management tool to benefit US Army Corps of Engineers' project managers. The United States Army Corps of Engineers is one of the largest construction management organizations in the world, annually performing over 3.5 billion dollars worth of work. The project manager has primary responsibility within the Corps to ensure the design both fulfills user's requirements and is prepared correctly, and that quality control/assurance procedures are correctly administered. QFD was developed by the Japanese in 1972 to improve quality and lower costs in industrial and business related fields, by assuring all of a company's operational decisions are driven by customer needs. It uses a set of matrices to relate customers wants and needs with project specifications and requirements. Through this process, shortcomings, redundancies, or conflicts in specifications are identified and resolved. Critical material requirements and construction processes are identified, allowing the user to focus the project delivery system on fulfilling customer requirements. The scope of this research is limited to development of a procedure for integrating QFD into the Corps of Engineers' design/construction delivery process. The procedure was applied to a Corps' construction project to evaluate its feasibility for contributing to the delivery process. QFD assists project managers to clearly identify and prioritize customer requirements in development of the conceptual and final design. It is best suited to projects involving repetition of units or when higher-than-average quality is demanded. Managers are able to make better informed decisions made during the delivery process, resulting in a better customer satisfaction.


Significance G-quadruplex (G4) structures in functionally important genomic regions regulate multiple biological processes in cells. This study demonstrates a genome-wide correlation between the occurrence of endogenous oxidative base damage, activation of BER, and formation of G4 structures. Unbiased mapping of AP sites, APE1 binding, and G4 structures across the genome reveal a distinct distribution of AP sites and APE1 binding, predominantly in G4 sequences. Furthermore, APE1 plays an essential role in regulating the formation of G4 structures and G4-mediated gene expression. Our findings unravel a paradigm-shifting concept that endogenous oxidized DNA base damage and binding of APE1 in key regulatory regions in the genome have acquired a novel function in regulating the formation of G4 structures that controls multiple biological processes. Formation of G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures in key regulatory regions in the genome has emerged as a secondary structure-based epigenetic mechanism for regulating multiple biological processes including transcription, replication, and telomere maintenance. G4 formation (folding), stabilization, and unfolding must be regulated to coordinate G4-mediated biological functions; however, how cells regulate the spatiotemporal formation of G4 structures in the genome is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that endogenous oxidized guanine bases in G4 sequences and the subsequent activation of the base excision repair (BER) pathway drive the spatiotemporal formation of G4 structures in the genome. Genome-wide mapping of occurrence of Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site damage, binding of BER proteins, and G4 structures revealed that oxidized base-derived AP site damage and binding of OGG1 and APE1 are predominant in G4 sequences. Loss of APE1 abrogated G4 structure formation in cells, which suggests an essential role of APE1 in regulating the formation of G4 structures in the genome. Binding of APE1 to G4 sequences promotes G4 folding, and acetylation of APE1, which enhances its residence time, stabilizes G4 structures in cells. APE1 subsequently facilitates transcription factor loading to the promoter, providing mechanistic insight into the role of APE1 in G4-mediated gene expression. Our study unravels a role of endogenous oxidized DNA bases and APE1 in controlling the formation of higher-order DNA secondary structures to regulate transcription beyond its well-established role in safeguarding the genomic integrity.


The article deals with the hypothetical concepts defining the social tension, and reviews the causes of deviant behavior. The objectives and the main provisions of the deviant behavior study are formulated. The author substantiates the idea that the forms of deviation (negative and positive) depend on economic, demographic and cultural factors. The paper describes the content of the three structures and types of activities that ensure the stability of social behavior (regulative, normative, cognitive nature of relationship). The author suggests an approach for evaluation of social relations by means of the index of social interaction imbalance.


Osteosarcoma is the most common clinical bone malignant tumor.After the pathological diagnosis of osteosarcoma, it is requiremnt for patients to receive chemoradiotherapy treatment. Amputation is a traditional method to remove the tumor tissue, which can play a good control effect for the state of an illness, but do harm to physical and psychological to seriously affect the quality of life after surgery. With the in-depth study of the mechanism of osteosarcoma, the treatment of osteosarcoma has made great progress. Limb salvage surgery is currently the main treatment of the disease, including surgery combined with chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy and so on. The programs will improve efficacy of some patients with osteosarcoma, whch reduce postoperative pain and improve survival rates, with a wide range of applications. In this paper, the progress of the past 10 years about the treatment of osteosarcoma are summarized. Now they all were reviewed as follows.


The purpose of this study was to explore the relations between sports consumption behavior and influential factors among different adolescents in Chengdu. 2830 students in primary and secondary schools from traditional specialist schools and common schools participated in this survey. After analyzing the data collected in questionnaires, the findings showed that (a) constraints of sports consumption behaviors of adolescents in Chengdu are concentrated in six major aspects, they are economic pressure, health behavior, value perception, sports policy, fitness conditions and academic pressure,(b) as far as range of influence is concerned, factors of health behavior and fitness condition have the most extensive range of influence, and in regard of degree of influence, health behavior factor is most powerful, and (c) traditional specialist schools have favorable sports policy, better value perception and superior fitness condition than schools.


We review research on four areas of recipient reactions to affirmative action: (a) self-evaluations of ability and performance, (b) motivation and task interest, (c) performance and achievement, and (d) evaluations of selection procedures. Not surprisingly, the process by which affirmative action was implemented strongly affected the findings. Self-evaluations of ability and specific components of performance were adversely affected when selection procedures did not provide unambiguous, explicit, and focused evidence of recipient qualifications. In contrast, measures of motivation were largely unaffected by any type of selection, although task choice was adversely affected when the selection process did not provide clear evidence of recipient qualifications. Task performance was complexly affected by selection process and other contextual variables. Finally, selection procedures that did not provide unambiguous, explicit, and focused evidence of qualifications were regarded by recipients as less fair than...


Wepropose asimple, low-complexity coding scheme forthe transmission ofapacketized progressive bitstream. We consider tandemchannels introducing correlated biterrors and packet erasures. We showthat ourproposed technique transforms thehybrid channel into achannel withasingle impairmentforwhichvarious optimization techniques exists. Numerical results showthat ourproposed schemeoutperforms existing solutions overtheuseful operating regions ofthechannel. Index Terms-Joint source-channel coding, progressive transmission, rate allocation, product codes


We propose a new approach to motion segmentation that is based on auto-generated strokes. The novelty of the approach is twofold. First, inspired by recent work of other researchers we formulate the problem as that of interactive segmentation. Instead of inputting the strokes by the user, the strokes in our approach are auto-generated. The second novelty of the paper is formulation in which, unlike in many other motion segmentation algorithms, we do not use complex algorithm which fuses the output of multiple cues to segment foreground objects, a simple and effective maximum hybrid similarity method is presented. The maximum hybrid similarity does not need to set the threshold in advance. Experimental results have shown the superiority of the proposed method in extracting moving objects.


The reaction of milk Xanthine Oxidase (XO) with 1-methylxanthine has been investigated by steady state and stopped flow transient kinetic studies to understand the effect of a methyl group substituent on the purine ring. The pH dependence of the steady state kinetic parameter (Vmax/Km) shows a bell-shaped curve implying at least two ionisable groups are involved in the binding of XO with 1-methylxanthine, the higher pKa 7.7 corresponding to ionisation of the substrate and the lower one 6.2 to the enzyme (possibly Glu-1261 by analogy to Glu-869 of aldehyde oxidoreductase from Desulfovibrio gigas). The temperature dependence of the steady state and transient kinetic studies suggests the existence of at least one molecular intermediate during breakdown of the enzyme–substrate complex. The thermodynamic parameters of the microscopic rate constants were determined from the temperature dependence studies.


Governments often fear the future intentions of their adversaries. In this article we show how this fear can make deterrent threats credible under seemingly incredible circumstances. We consider a model in which a defender seeks to deter a transgression with both intrinsic and military value. We examine how the defender's fear of the challenger's future belligerence affects his willingness to respond to the transgression with war. We derive conditions under which even a very minor transgression effectively "tests" for the challenger's future belligerence, which makes the defender's deterrent threat credible even when the transgression is objectively minor and the challenger is ex ante unlikely to be belligerent. We also show that fear can actually benefit the defender by allowing her to credibly deter. We apply the model to analyze a series of historical cases and show the robustness of our results to a variety of extensions.


The Charge Density Wave (CDW) in the layered compound 1T-TaSe 2 at low temperatures has a commensurate phase which causes superlattice points to appear in the Brillouin zone of the undistorted phase. The phonon frequency distribution of this system for both the normal and the Commensurate Charge Density Wave (CCDW) phases have been worked out theoretically using the Born-von Karmann formalism. With these results the thermal properties such as specific heat capacity, Debye-Waller factor and thermal conductivity have been worked out and are compared with the available experimental results.


SMOLICH, J.J., et al.: Chronic Threshold Testing of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators Does Not Increase Coagulation Activity or Platelet Activation. It is unknown if the brief periods of circulatory stasis occurring with induction of VF during DFT testing in patients with an ICD activate blood coagulation processes. To address this question, coagulation activity and platelet activation were measured in peripheral venous blood samples obtained from 12 patients undergoing DFT testing under general anesthesia, 3 (n = 11) or 6 months (n = 1) after ICD implantation for recurrent ventricular arrhythmias. Five patients were anticoagulated with warfarin and two to six episodes of VF (median five) were induced per patient. Blood samples were drawn at baseline, after each DFT test and on the following morning. Coagulation activity was assessed by measuring prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2) (a marker of thrombin generation), soluble fibrin (a marker of fibrin production), and D‐dimer (a breakdown product of cross‐linked fibrin). Platelet activation was evaluated by measuring the expression P‐selectin on the platelet surface using flow cytometry. No significant changes in F1+2, soluble fibrin, D‐dimer, or P‐selectin expression occurred during DFT testing, or between baseline and morning after samples. Moreover, results were unaffected by warfarin. These findings suggest that chronic threshold testing of implantable cardioverter defibrillators is not associated with activation of blood coagulation processes.


In this peper,we propose a vitual construction method with interactive visualization.According to the construction acceptance and civil construction technology,the whole simulation and modeling of the pinned objects such as external environment components,building components and so on during engineering project construction based on construction database,and construction process,namely,materials handling,hoisting,installation and pouring. The simulation can achieve interactive construction and opration, dynamically optimize construction scheme according to construction plan and change,improve the efficiency,effectively reduce construction risk,optimize construction orgnization,increase project quality and decrease the construction cost and risk for enterprise and public institution.


Computer Simulation of room acoustics in large and medium-size venues has become a standard in the acoustic design process. But the Ray or Beam Tracing methods used in all such simulation programs cannot be applied at low frequencies. Here the rules of wave Acoustics must be considered. This work introduces a practical and accurate software-based approach for simulating the acoustic properties of concert and other large halls based on FEM. A detailed approach to obtain complex transfer functions is presented. By means of an inverse FFT impulse responses are obtained and compared with Ray Tracing results. It is shown that the results calculated with FEM extend the fine structure of Ray Tracing results at low frequencies. Also, it is understandable that the FEM simulation software can help to avoid modal phenomena and to place absorbers and diffusers in order to improve the acoustic quality of the hall.


The invention discloses a data recording storage method and system for a mobile terminal, wherein the method comprises the steps of: obtaining a preset network recording strategy; and starting network recording according to the obtained network recording strategy. According to the invention, the storage space can be effectively enlarged by transmitting and storing the local audio and video data of the mobile terminal to a network side server in real time; on the occasions in need of recording a general communication or a video communication for a long time, the voice data and the video data are stored at a network server end, therefore, the storage capacity can be basically considered infinite, and the limitation to the local capacity or the expansion card capacity of the mobile terminal is eliminated.


A computationally efficient model is proposed to analyze plasma-assisted combustion using nanosecond repetitive pulsed (NRP) plasmas. The NRP plasma discharge is placed in the oxidizer stream of a counter-flow diffusion flame. The effect of changing the flow rate and the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of a continuous NRP plasma discharge on the temperature and species profiles of a counter-flow diffusion flame is investigated numerically. The results confirm that oxygen atom and nitrogen vibrational states are the most important species to enhance combustion. The results also show that kinetic effects are much more significant for higher PRF and lower pulse voltage. In addition, when steady plasma profiles are used instead of unsteady plasma profiles, the extinction strain rates increase by 25.8%, 21.1%, and 10.8% for PRF equal to 1, 2, and 4 kHz, respectively.


There are many stories about Telos; some hidden, some open, many finished, many incomplete. Nonetheless, one or two of them can be recounted here. At a time when everyone blames 1960s radicals for the excesses of the liberal welfare state since the New Deal and the Great Society, it is important to reconsider the critical role of Telos within the Left since 1968. From the very beginning Telos has been an enterprise of some 1960s radicals with deep suspicions about the counterculture and the New Left. Seeking to gain greater insight into the suppressed traditions of Western Marxism and the Frankfurt School, Telos built a reputation for attacking not only the liberal welfare state, corporate capitalism and the culture industry but also, and most of all, the New Left itself.


This study focuses on the understanding and modelling of noise radiated from a mine ventilation fan, with the ultimate aim of designing quiet fan impellers. Experimental measurements are presented that suggest that the main noise sources on mine ventilation fans are related to the impeller and consist of tonal components created by the passage of the blades past the volute tongue and broadband noise associated with turbulent flow interacting with the blades. Two models, one analytical and one semiempirical, have been developed to predict the broadband components of the radiated noise. Given the assumptions made, the computed far field noise compares well with experimental data. The models are therefore good candidates for use in designing new, quieter mine ventilation fan systems in the future.


This paper is concerned with option pricing under a regime-switching model. The switching process takes two different modes, and the underlying stock price evolves in accordance with the two modes dictated by a continuous-time, finite-state Markov chain. At any given instance, the price follows either a geometric Brownian motion model or a mean-reversion model, depending on its market mode. Stochastic approximation/optimization algorithms are developed for model calibration. Convergence of the algorithm is proved; rate of convergence is also provided. Option market data are used to predict the future market mode.


In order to scientifically evaluate the influences of integrated multi-modal transit information service(IMTIS) on travel mode choice behaviors,authors firstly analyzed its influence mechanism based on traffic hyper-network theory from the point of view of trip chain.Secondly,a nested Logit choice model was developed and travel time reliability factor was introduced to adjust the value of vital attribute variables of the utility function.Lastly,the nested Logit model was calibrated by maximum likelihood method based on data from a revealed preference survey conducted in the suburb of Shanghai,and usages of various travel modes with and without IMTIS were respectively counted out and contrasted.The result shows that IMTIS is effective to shift part travels from private modes to transit modes and thus improves share ratios of transit.Outcomes of this research can provide decision support for the development and improvement of transit information system in big cities.


FOUR LABORATORY TEST MACHINES, USED TO MEASURE THE COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION OF BRAKE LININGS, ARE DESCRIBED: DUAL-END INERTIA DYNAMOMETER, FRICTION ASSESSMENT SCREENING TEST MACHINE, FRICTION MATERIALS TEST MACHINE, AND THE GIRLING SCALE DYNAMOMETER. IN RECORDING THE FRICTION FORCE, TEMPERATURE WAS MEASURED USING A THERMOCOUPLE BURIED IN THE BRAKE DISC. THE CORRELATION OF TEST RESULTS AND ACTUAL SERVICE WAS HIGHEST FOR THE DUAL-END INERTIA DYNAMOMETER.


The invention discloses a diaphragm type oil conservator for a transformer. The diaphragm type oil conservator comprises a cabinet body, a diaphragm, a discharging plug, a viewing window, a water draining plug, a connecting pipe, a sewage collecting box, an oil pipe joint, a semicircular flange, a flange sealing element and a gas relay, wherein the cabinet body consists of two half-cylindrical structures; two half cylinders are connected with each other through an upper half semicircular flange and a lower half semicircular flange; the flange sealing element is arranged between the upper half semicircular flange and the lower half semicircular flange, and is used for enhancing the sealing strength of the oil conservator; the periphery of the diaphragm is press-mounted between upper and lower cabinet edges; the inner side of the diaphragm is attached to an oil surface; the outer side of the diaphragm is communicated with the atmospheric air. According to diaphragm type oil conservator for the transformer provided by the invention, adaptability to a transformer of over 8,000 kV.A is enhanced by taking the flange sealing element in the semicircular flanges as a second seal, and the transformer is better protected through the gas relay.


Objective This study sought to determine whether or not thrombin cause edema formation or contribute to it, and to see if the edema response to thrombin could be prevented by adding a specific thrombin inhibitor, hirudin, or a calcium antagonist, nimodipine. Methods Adult SD rats were subjected differently to stereotaxic caudate nucleus injections. The rats were sacrificed by decapitation at the pointed time course. The brains were removed and a coronal slice was cut. Brain edema was observed using a "dry-wet-weighing technique" and a microscopy(HE staining). Results High dose thrombin resulted in obvious brain edema as early as 4hrs after injection. Brain water content in brain tissue were reduced in the hirudin or nimodipine treated rats as compared to other groups, and brain swelling were alleviated. Conclusion Thrombin is directly involved in the process of brain edema formation following ICH. The effectiveness of hirudin as an inhibitor of brain edema from intracerebral hematomas provides further evidence that thrombin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of edema resulting from a parenchymal clot, and therefore represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention. The calcium antagonist, nimodipine, its neuroprotection may be indicated by alleviating toxicity of thrombin.


This report presents a study plan tor estimating recharge at the Hanford Site using environmental tracers. Past operations at the Hanford Site have led to both soil and groundwater contamination, and recharge is one of the primary mechanisms for transporting contaminants through the vadose zone and into the groundwater. The prediction of contaminant movement or transport is one aspect of performance assessment and an important step in the remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) process. In the past, recharge has been characterized by collecting lysimeter data. Although lysimeters can generate important and reliable data, their limitations include 1) fixed location, 2) fixed sediment contents, 3) edge effects, 4) low rates, and 5) relatively short duration of measurement. These limitations impact the ability to characterize the spatial distribution of recharge at the Hanford Site, and thus the ability to predict contaminant movement in the vadose zone. An alternative to using fixed lysimeters for determining recharge rates in the vadose zone is to use environmental tracers. Tracers that have been used to study water movement in the vadose zone include total chloride, {sup 36}CI, {sup 3}H, and {sup 2}H/{sup 18}O. Atmospheric levels of {sup 36}CI and {sup 3}H increased during nuclear bomb testing inmore » the Pacific, and the resulting "bomb pulse" or peak concentration can be measured in the soil profile. Locally, past operations at the Hanford Site have resu~ed in the atmospheric release of numerous chemical and isotopic tracers, including nitrate, {sup 129}I, and {sup 99}Tc. The radionuclides, in particular, reached a well-defined atmospheric peak in 1945. Atmospheric releases of {sup 129}I and {sup 99}Tc were greatly reduced by mid-1946, but nitrogen oxides continued to be released from the uranium separations facilities. As a result, the nitrate concentrations probably peaked in the mid-1950s, when the greatest number of separations facilities were operating. Seven study sites on the Hanford Site have been selected, in two primary soil types that are believed to represent the extremes in recharge, the Quincy sand and the Warden silt loam. An additional background study site upwind of the Hanford facilities has been chosen at the Yakima Firing Center. Study sites at Hanford were chosen close to micrometeorology stations on downwind transects from the operational facilities. Initial testing will be done on sites that lack perennial vegetation. Six tracer techniques (total chlortde, {sup 36}Cl, {sup 3}H, nitrate, {sup 129}I, and {sup 99}Tc) will be tested on at least one site in the Quincy sand, one site in the Warden si~ loam, and the background site, to determine which combination of tracers wortks best for a given soil type. In subsequent years, additional sites will be investigated to determine the effect of vegetation on recharge estimates and on the performance of individual tracers. The use of environmental tracers is perhaps the only cost-effective method for estimating the spatial vartability of recharge at a site as large as Hanford. The tracer techniques used at Hanford have wide applicability at other and sites operated by the U.S. Department of Energy as well as at low-level radioactive waste disposal sites.« less


In order to convenient for measure of pH value,measure system of pH value based on LM3S1138 was designed,and hardware design and software design process were given.The pH value of liquid can be measured accurately in the actual test,and the test results can be printed and transmitted to PC by the system immediately;In addition,a set of card reading software in the system can read out the result stored in SD card through a host computer.


Morphological features of sporocarps and spores of Sclerocystis taiwanensis Wu & Chen collected from Western Ghats, Southern India are illustrated and described. This vesicular - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus has so far not been reported in India S. taiwanensis was associated with Asparagus racemosus, Cymbopogon caesius, Sanseviera roxburghiana and an unknown grass. The sporocarp density ranged from 14 to 24 per 50 gram of dry soil.


Measurements of ultrasonic velocity were made in liquid glycerol as a function of temperature up to a pressure of 3000 arm. From these data, the compressional part of the relaxational modulus Kr was calculated as a function of pressure and temperature. Using a 2‐state liquid model, an expression for Kr, is obtained in terms of the total free volume present in the liquid. Combining this theoretical result with the ultrasonic data allowed us to calculate the free volume of glycerol as a function of temperature and pressure. These free‐volume data are in excellent agreement with the measured temperature and pressure dependence of the density of glycerol. It appears that ultrasonic‐relaxation data can be a useful method of calculating the free volume of liquids.


This paper focuses on the analysis of the particularities of control for multi-agent systems. The design method is based on an optimal control approach which requires the solution of Linear Quadratic Regulator problem (LQR). The characteristics of the two types of control (centralized and distributed) for unmanned aerial vehicles flight formations are highlighted by the case studies. The dynamics of an UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) is used for the longitudinal motion. The flight formation considered as a case study consists of four identical agents.


The invention provides a garbage can structure capable of separating solid impurities from sewage. The garbage can structure capable of separating the solid impurities from the sewage comprises a garbage can body (1), wherein the garbage can body (1) adopts a hollow structure; a filter screen (3) is arranged at the end part of the garbage can body (1); a collecting inner barrel (4) capable of collecting the solid impurities is arranged in the garbage can body (1); a plurality of perforations (17) capable of preventing the solid impurities from leaking out of the collecting inner barrel (4); and a discharge outlet (5) for discharging sewage is formed at the bottom of the garbage can body (1). The garbage is simple in structure and low in cost can filter and separate the solid impurities form the sewage when the sewage garbage is dumped, and brings convenience for workers for dumping the sewage garbage, so the workers do not need to separate the garbage when dumping the garbage, the aim of collecting the solid impurities is fulfilled, and the labor intensity of cleaning staff is reduced.


Myosin is the molecular motor that drives muscle contraction. Alterations that affect the motor's kinetic and mechanical properties are associated with the pathogenesis of human cardiomyopathies. We investigated the influence of Drosophila melanogaster myosin mutations on the structure and function of fly hearts. Beating hearts expressing D45 (hypoactive) or Mhc5 (hyperactive) myosins were imaged using direct immersion DIC optics in conjunction with a high‐speed digital camera. Cardiac movements were monitored via edge tracings obtained from processed movies. Our novel image and computational analysis revealed that depressed motor function in D45 flies produced a dilatory cardiac response, similar to that found in vertebrates expressing myosin with specific dilated cardiomyopathy mutations. This suggests an apparently conserved pathological response to impaired motor function. Mhc5 hearts with enhanced myosin function showed phenotypes analogous to those seen in restrictive cardiomyopathy, suggesting the human disease could have similar origins. Our data suggest Drosophila is a valuable system for modeling and identifying mutations analogous to those associated with human cardiac disorders. We are currently exploiting the power of Drosophila to manipulate genetic interactions between sarcomeric components. Our goal is to suppress defects in hearts with distinct myofibrillar mutations.


Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are both known as a method for optimization. Here in these paper we will combine GA and PSO to create a hybrid algorithm. We compare GA, PSO and Hybrid to solve some optimization problem. These Hybrid Algorithm is an alternative method for optimization.


BACKGROUND: Biphasic treatment of pilon fractures has been accepted as standard modality of care.
AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of timing of definitive surgery for closed pilon fractures on the short-term functional outcome.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective study focused the patients suffering pilon fracture that has undergone treatment in a biphasic manner. Initially, spanning external fixator was applied, while the definitive osteosynthesis was performed within the next several days, in accordance with surgeon's knowledge. The final functional outcome was evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Score.
RESULTS: Forty-two patients were included in the study. Mean time passed from injury to definitive surgery was 11.0 ± 3.4 days. Mean value of the functional score was 86.54 ± 13.2 points, with no significant differences with regard to the demographics and injury features. Pearson correlation coefficient demonstrated negative significant correlation between timing of definitive surgery and functional outcome (r = −0.428, p = 0.033). Complications were noted in 16% of the patients.
CONCLUSION: Definitive surgery should be planned as soon as possible, once the surgeon considers the soft-tissue status acceptable for surgery. Injudicious postponing has a negative effect on the short-term functional outcome.


A squall line case on June 3,2009 in He′nan province was simulated by the WRF mesoscale numerical model developed by NACR,NCEP and FSL/NOAA etc.,and it was diagnosed by fine resolution data from WRF model.The results indicate that WRF model successfully reveals the circulation's evolution and the distribution characteristics of the severe convection weather.The cold air in the back of the upper cold vortex is southbound and warmer near ground surface,so the upper-layer cold and lower-layer warm potential instability stratification and the ground convergence line are formed.All these are the trigger mechanism of the severe convection and the squall line weather process.The strong instability of low level,the outbreak of low level jet(LLJ) and the core of the LLJ moving southeastward quickly,convective available potential energy(CAPE) and vertical helicity high center are indicative to the strong convection weather.


This article presents an ongoing study of educational policy enactment in Singapore lower primary English classrooms. It explores how teachers react to and interpret educational reforms in their classroom practices against a backdrop of traditional cultural values. Using a prescribed coding scheme, the article presents the instructional organisational patterns and participation structures of the lessons. Through a systematic analysis of the enacted curricula, the paper examines classroom practices as well as teaching and learning activities in Primary 1 (7–8 years) and Primary 2 (8–9 years) English lessons in Singapore. The results suggest that there are cultural clashes between major educational reforms which emphasise independent/critical thinking and 'Asian values' which promote respect for authority and conformity.


The Szilard‐Chalmers reaction has been observed in a number of crystalline compounds of tri‐ and hexavalent chromium. The effect of neutron and external gamma irradiation has also been investigated. It was found that in a series of alkali chromates and dichromates the retention varied from 50 to 90 percent, while ammonium chromate and dichromate were much lower. The results are interpreted in terms of hotatom reactions of the recoil fragments in the crystal, and hydrolysis and reduction reactions taking place on dissolution of the crystals.


This article introduced the background and structure of web-based classroom teaching video-cases system(WCTVCS),discoursed the developmental procedures such as video-cases selection,system functions,software adopted to develop and so on.The effects of products were displayed and in future the applications in teacher education were expected.


Linkage of various archives (municipal, hospital, autopsy) has enabled the authors to reconstruct the flow of information regarding death due to tracheal, bronchial or lung cancer (TBL ca) for the population residing within the Municipality of Ferrara during the period 1983–1985. The authors subsequently attempted to verify the cause of death by performing quality controls on clinical charts, radiologic findings, cytohistologic examinations and autopsy findings. Analysis of the data obtained in this manner suggests that municipal records are more « accurate » than are hospital records. The authors likewise indicate the usefulness and importance of the autopsy for a correct diagnosis of cause of death.


Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnostic values of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) assay by using multiepitope fusion antigens derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis for the detection of anti-tuberculosis antibody.Methods 361 serum specimens obtained from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,288 serum specimens from individuals who were normal and patients without tuberculosis.Results Sensitivity of 70.4% and specificity of 84.9% were observed.Clear differentiation between the tuberculosis patients and control populations was found possible.Conclusion The assay is not only simple and user friendly but is also rapid and enables early diagnosis and early institution of treatment.


In this paper, we study the polygamy inequality of quantum entanglement in terms of Tsallis q-entropy. We first give a lower bound of Tsallis q-entropy entanglement of assistance (TOA) in the 2 ⊗ d systems. The relation-ships between Tsallis q-entropy entanglement (TEE) and TOA are also given. Furthermore, we prove TOA follows a hierarchical polygamy inequality in a 2 ⊗ 2 ⊗ 2N−2 systems.


Abstract : Various concentrations of serum and carbon dioxide were tested for their effects on the growth of strain L929 during the first 48 hours after subculture. Three different combinations of the two constituents produced: (a) cell loss followed by a burst of mitosis, (b) a lag period followed by steady growth, or (c) rapid growth followed by rapid cell loss. The balance of the two factors was always more important than the absolute amount of either one. Growth did not correlate directly with pH changes in the medium. (Author)


Corner detection is a fundamental step in the image recognition. In this paper, we propose a new corner detection algorithm based on the circumferential distribution of the edges around each pixel. The computational complexity of this algorithm is high, but this algorithm is suitable for hardware implementation, and we can achieve high performance on an FPGA. Furthermore, this algorithm can detect the directions of all line segments crossing at the corners precisely. This feature makes it easier to detect polygons in the image using the corners. We also show a method for detecting the polygons in the image from the corners. The performance on Xilinx XC4VLX160 is fast enough for real-time applications.


Delivering MPEG-4 multimedia content over the Internet is sensitive to bandwidth, packet loss and delay. Packet loss and delay are affected by the volume and the pattern of traffic load on the network. In this paper, we propose a double error protection scheme to reduce the packet loss and the delay effects on the quality of the played-out MPEG-4 Audiovisual Objects (AVO). This scheme performs a seamless combination of the both FEC and Diffserv mechanisms. Simulation results indicate that when using our error protection scheme, the quality of the received MPEG-4 scene degrades more gracefully when the packet loss increases, compared to a traditional configuration.


Corneal Transplantation. By A. G. LEIGH. 1966. Pp. xi + 342, many illus., some col., bibl. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. (£6 6s.) The time is not yet, indeed may never be, when a definitive work can be written on the art and science of corneal transplantation. Nevertheless this branch of surgery has made such vast strides in. the past 30 years that an authoritative assessment of its present scope and limitations is highly desirable. These advances in keratoplasty have been made possible, not so much from increased manual dexterity on the part of the surgeon as from improvements in anaesthesia, muscle relaxants and so forth, lessening the risk of post-operative complications and giving him more time to be exact and precise in his work, a precision greatly facilitated by refinements in the instrument-makers' art. Furthermore, infection is no longer a threatening spectre, and inflammatory reactions can be controlled, as can also to a large extent unwanted vascularization in the graft and its bed. In this work we are fortunate in having an author of great technical skill who discusses the problems involved, not only in the light of his own very wide experience, but with eclectic reference to the work of very many others. The basic considerations, donor material, selection and suitability of cases, techniques and their modifications, post-operative management and complications are all lucidly described and beautifully illustrated by photographs and line-drawings, while special sections are devoted to the use of the corticosteroid drugs, to anaesthesia, and to radiotherapy. The major part of the work is quite rightly devoted to practical technical considerations, but its interest is greatly enhanced by chapters 2 and 9. In chapter 2, to which are appended four pages of references, the biological problem is most fully analysed, immune reactions, the fate of the graft, and similar considerations in which our knowledge as yet is only very partial. In chapter 9 are discussed special problems, ranging from therapeutic grafting through the gamut of a wide range of rare, difficult, and unpromising corneal lesions to a final section on the use of alloplastic materials such as Strampelli's odonto-kerato-acrylic prosthesis. These two chapters give the forward look to what is, as one had hoped and expected of the author, a most valuable, up-to-date, helpful, and authoritative exposition of his subject. The book itself, in its production, format, and reproduction of illustrations, is of the highest standard.


During our parasitological monitoring of wild and semi-wild orang-utans, throughout Sumatra and Kalimantan, 16 different parasitic species were identified. Balantidium coli that could cause severe morbidity and fatalities had the highest prevalence observed. For molecular characterization, the region of ribosomal DNA gene cluster (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2) was amplified, sequenced and compared. The NJ/MP/ML phylogenetic analysis included comparison of data for order Vestibuliferida, families Balantidiidae (genera Balantidium, Neobalantidium) and Pycnotrichidae (genus Buxtonella). Data from the relative genus Troglodytella (Troglodytellidae, Entodiniomorphida) were used as an out-group. Our samples clustered in separate clades, corresponding to the different host origins. The progress in the identification of biologically active plant extracts with potential anti-parasitic properties (treating of balantidiasis) and their applications was also discussed.


This paper is dedicated to the memory of Al Gentry, Bignoni-aceae scholar; without his tremendous energy and insights, this study would not have been possible. Bignoniaceae are predominantly a neotropical family and are an important component of neotropical forests, with lesser contributions to African, Malagasy, and SE Asian tropical forests. The family includes 82 genera and 827 species (Lohmann and Ulloa, 2007). Approximately half of both genera and species belong to the New World endemic tribe Bignonieae, which comprise a major component of the neotropical liana fl ora. Most other species are woody shrubs and trees, including savannah and tropical forest canopy trees, although three groups have adopted a herbaceous habit, mostly at high elevations in the Hima-laya (Incarvillea) and the Andes (Argylia , Tourrettia). Several genera include species of horticultural importance in tropical have economic signifi cance outside horticulture, but numerous species have been used by indigenous peoples for food, timber, containers, medicinal, and ritual purposes (Gentry, 1992c). A group of small genera including Schlegelia often has been placed in Bignoniaceae (Armstrong, 1985) as tribe Schlegelieae (Gentry, 1980). However, phylogenetic evidence for this relationship is equivocal, with some studies fi nding a weakly supported sister group relationship with Bignoniaceae s.s. Without strong support for a clade comprising Bignoniaceae s.s. and Schlegelieae, it is appropriate to classify them separately (Reveal, 1996 ; APG II, 2003). Paulownia also is sometimes considered close to Bignoniaceae (Armstrong, 1985), but this relationship is rejected by all phylogenetic studies currently available The taxonomic history of the family was described in detail by Gentry (1980) and summarized by Spangler and Olmstead (1999). The most recent classifi cation of Bignoniaceae by Fischer et al. (2004) recognized seven of the eight tribes proposed by Gentry (Bignoniaceae are woody, trees, shrubs, and lianas found in all tropical fl oras of the world with lesser representation in temperate regions. Phylogenetic analyses of chloroplast sequences (rbcL , ndhF , trnL-F) were undertaken to infer evolutionary relationships in Bignoniaceae and to revise its classifi cation. inclusive clades are named informally. Jacarandeae and Catal-peae are resurrected; the former is sister to the rest of the family, and the latter occupies an unresolved position within the " core " Bignoniaceae. Tribe Eccremocarpeae is included in Tourrettieae. Past classifi cations recognized a large Tecomeae, but this tribe is paraphyletic with respect to all other tribes. Here Tecomeae are reduced to a clade of approximately 12 …


Introduction. Hormone replacement therapy is associated with withdrawal bleeding, which is irregular in about 50% of cases. Endometrial blood vessels undergo different morphological changes in the nature cycle. CD34, a glycoprotein expressed by endothelial cells, was used as a marker of endometrial vasculature. Objectives. We examined the effect of a NET-based HRT regimen upon the endometrial expression of CD34 compared to that of the nature cycle in an attempt to explain some aspects of the mechanism underlying the abnormal bleeding patterns in postmenopausal women on this HRT regimen. Patients and methods. Endometrial biopsies were obtained from 26 postmenopausal women who completed three months treatment of 2 mg of oestradiol valerate daily with 1 mg norethisterone from day 17-28. The control samples were LH dated endometrial biopsies. Endometrial samples were immunohistochemically stained for CD34. Ten random fields (x200) were examined per biopsy, and analysed using the KS-300 image analysis programme. Conclusion. Norethisterone induced larger vascular area, smaller diameter and higher number of vascular spaces, unlike other progestogens. This may indicate that norethisterone induces a different angiogenic stimulus to the endometrium.


1. The topographic pattern of re‐established retinotectal projections following various surgical manipulations of the optic tectum was studied in adult goldfish with neurophysiological mapping methods. 2. Immediately following excision of the caudal half of the tectum, a piece of the tectal tissue was dissected from the remaining rostral half‐tectum, and then reimplanted to the same half‐tectum after either 180 or 90 degrees anticlockwise rotation around the dorsoventral axis in the first experimental group. 3. A majority (twenty‐one out of twenty‐three) of these operated fish, in which the reimplanted tectal tissue degenerated, showed no sign of a field compression: only the nasal half of the visual field (with a localized partial scotoma corresponding to the area of the degenerated reimplant) projected on to the remaining intact area of the rostral half‐tectum. 4. In seven fish, the re‐established visual projections on to the 180 or 90 degrees rotated reimplants showed a corresponding localized 180 or 90 degrees rotation with reference to the other projections on to the surrounding intact area of the same half‐tectum. Only one of these seven fish showed also a compression in the re‐established projections from the entire visual field on to the operated half‐tectum with the 90 degrees rotated reimplant. 5. When a field compression was induced first in the intact rostral half‐tectum following excision of the caudal half, and then a piece of the 90 degrees rotated tectal tissue was reimplanted later within the rostral half‐tectum, the previously induced field compression persisted, regardless of whether the reimplanted tissue degenerated or survived. In the latter case, the compression in the re‐established visual projections on to the surviving reimplant occurred according to the original topographic polarity of the 90 degrees rotated tectal tissue. 6. A field compression could also be induced within a rotated tectal reimplant, which retained its original polarity, as follows. A piece of the tectal tissue was dissected from the central area of the whole tectum, and then reimplanted after either 180 or 90 degrees rotation. When the reimplanted tectal tissue became reinnervated later, the caudal half of the operated tectum (including the posterior half of the reimplant) was excised. The re‐established visual projections on to the remaining part of the halved reimplant within the rostral half‐tectum showed later a field compression in accordance with the original topographic polarity of the 180 or 90 degrees rotated tectal tissue. 7. These results provide direct evidence for the compatibility between the retention of original topographic polarity by a reimplanted tectal tissue and the capability of the same tectal tissue to readjust to a disparity in size. 8. Histological examination of the operated half‐tectum with a reimplant, stained by a modified rapid Golai method, revealed that the reimplanted tectal tissues retained highly organized cytoarchitectonic structures...


Privacy concern is arguably the major barrier that hinders the deployment of electronic health record (EHR) systems which are considered more efficient, less error-prone, and of higher availability compared to traditional paper record systems. Patients are unwilling to accept the EHR system unless their protected health information (PHI) containing highly confidential data is guaranteed proper use and disclosure, which cannot be easily achieved without patients' control over their own PHI. However, cautions must be taken to handle emergencies in which the patient may be physically incompetent to retrieve the controlled PHI for emergency treatment. In this paper, we propose a secure EHR system, HCPP (Healthcaresystem for Patient Privacy), based on cryptographic constructions and existing wireless network infrastructures, to provide privacy protection to patients under any circumstances while enabling timelyPHI retrieval for life-saving treatment in emergency situations. Furthermore, our HCPP system restricts PHI access to authorized (not arbitrary) physicians, who can be traced and held accountable if the accessed PHI is found improperly disclosed. Last but not least, HCPP leverages wireless network access to support efficient and private storage/retrieval of PHI, which underlies a secure and feasible EHR system.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the simple synthesis process of thermal-insulation coating by using three different nanoparticles, namely, nano-zinc oxide (ZnO), nano-tin dioxide (SnO2) and nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2), which can reduce the temperature of solar cells.

Design/methodology/approach
The thermal-insulation coating is designed using sol-gel process. The aminopropyltriethoxysilane/methyltrimethoxysilane binder system improves the cross-linking between the hydroxyl groups, -OH of nanoparticles. The isopropyl alcohol is used as a solvent medium. The fabrication method is a dip-coating method.

Findings
The prepared S1B1 coating (20 Wt.% of SnO2) exhibits high transparency and great thermal insulation property where the surface temperature of solar cells has been reduced by 13°C under 1,000 W/m2 irradiation after 1 h. Meanwhile, the Z1B2 coating (20 Wt.% of ZnO) reduced the temperature of solar cells by 7°C. On the other hand, the embedded nanoparticles have improved the fill factor of solar cells by 0.2 or 33.33%.

Research limitations/implications
Findings provide a significant method for the development of thermal-insulation coating by a simple synthesis process and low-cost materials.

Practical implications
The thermal-insulation coating is proposed to prevent exterior heat energy to the inside solar panel glass. At the same time, it can prevent excessive heating on the solar cell's surface, later improves the efficiency of solar cell.

Originality/value
This study presents a the novel method to develop and compare the thermal-insulation coating by using various nanoparticles, namely, nano-TiO2, nano-SnO2 and nano-ZnO at different weight percentage.


OMP(outmembrane protein),LPS(lipopolysaccharides),ECP(extracellular product) were extracted from Vibrio harveyi strain GYC1108-1,which was originally isolated from diseased great yellow croaker(Pseudosciaena crocea).The challenge tests showed that OMP and LPS had low lethal to P.crocea,and the protease in ECP was lethal to the fish with an LD50 value of 3.5 μg protein·g-1 body mass.The protease was therefore confirmed to be a major exotoxin of V.harveyi for P.crocea.The maximal activities of the protease were at pH 8.0 and 28 ℃.It was heat labile and had a molecular mass of about 55 ku estimated by SDS-PAGE.The purified protease from ECP was inhibited by iodoacetic acid,indicating that the enzyme was a cysteine protease.In addition,it was also completely inhibited by SDS and HgCl2,but partially inhibited by ZnCl2 and PMSF(an inhibitor of serine protease) and not inhibited by CaCl2,CuCl2 and MgCl2.However,activation of the enzyme activity was obtained with EDTA,EGTA(inhibitors of metalloprotease),DTT,L-cysteine and 2-mercaptoethanol.It was found that this protease could degrade several substrates,including casein,gelatin,lecithin,starch,Tween-80,urea and could not hemolyze blood cells of fish.Moreover,the protease had immunogenicity to fish.The band of 55 ku protease was presented on Western blotting pattern against fish anti-bacteria antiserum.Thus,the protease from ECP could be considered as protective antigen.


bstr t thrust efficiency of (5o-6o0) are achievable. This fact Reasult of development determLne, the perceptiveneas and charaCtoristc2 study of of thrusters on krypton in the thu statonary plasma case of solving the tasks vith thrustor (SPT) v th pover high total thrust pulse, when range of (1-25) kw are large stores of the working presented in this paper. The gas are reoqured. Possibility of obtaining high thrust efficiency of the ntroducton thruster and of extending the exhaust velocity range As it is already knovn [i), (Specific impulses) of SPT A durng many yearn the vith It dimensions increaso stationary p a thrster o hovn. In partcular h tatonary pleama thrusters s hony n particular, the (SPT) ovre operated pousibility of obtaining the with advantage in correction thrust efficiency of 60-70 is systemm of Soviet (Russian) Shovn for sPT of traditional spacecraf t, and works for design with external diameter prparation of the SPT of accelerating channel up to application on the wvestrn and 300 mm at exhaust velocities p.rimary American ate litto of (20-90) knl/. Received data have b"n begun n2 ,1the confirm the prospectiveness of PoveibiLitL b of application SPT as the thruster for primary of the SPT'o a o primary propulsion systems. BOeidoe, thruster problema are tudied the possibility of effective 9]. Therefore Investigatior of enough work of SPT on krypton characteri f tic n of the the cost of vhich Li several increaed power SPT' and tmes Lover vbite the spread hereaoad pover SPTand ime nLover while the pread their availability as a primary in the nature at Least by an thrusters are of interest, and order of magnitude higher the result of such works will comparing to xenon. It in, hown be pre o entod below. Those alno thof in the velocity vorks have boon realized range of (20-go) km/ during a number4 ears by the Leading organizations of


An absolute path name and a command line of a process associated with a process operating on a business server are found from process information acquired from the business server. A standard process decision unit judges an OS standard process. An interpreter decision unit judges an interpreter name from the command line. A shared directory decision unit judges an executive file name located directly under a shared directory. A subdirectory decision unit judges a parent-child relation of an executive file directory from the absolute path name of the executable file. As a result, an application name recognition unit recognizes a name of an application.


The obtaining certification and using the certification is the base on investigating to solve a case and judicial accusation. The criminal investigation and the catching certification is closely related to the spot of mental state. They need to study the relation of the proof fact and the proof material, the characteristics of the involved suspected proof and the organization of the litigation proof. The goal of the criminal investigation and catching certification is to organize proof system and end investigation. It also needs to study the related problems on the proof system, the principle and the method of making up the proofs etc.


The catalytic particle size dependence of chemical vapor deposition growth of multiwall carbon nanotubes was systematically investigated using two different molecules, C2H2 and C60, as carbon feedstock gases. In the particle size range between 25 and 500 nm, the use of C2H2 leads exclusively to growth of carbon nanotubes. The nanotube diameters increase with increasing catalytic particle sizes but do not scale 1:1. In contrast, nanotube formation from C60 is observed only if the particle sizes are sufficiently small with an optimum between 20 and 30 nm. For catalyst samples with considerably larger diameters, C60 is transformed into a nontubular deposit. A growth model is given that explains the different behavior.


Title: The ownership structure's impact on revenue of IPOs – an analysis of the Swedish market Background: Thomsen and Persson (2007), Abrahamson and De Ridder (2014), Fama and Jensen (1983), Gilson (2006) and Michel et al. (2013), all front that company's ownership structure and that a controlling shareholder has a direct positive impact on a company's performance and its returns. This can be explained by the agentproblem that exist in a company. As it often happens big changes in ownership at IPOs (Initial Public Offerings) are studies of ownership structure's impact on performance, particularly interesting just at IPOs. There are also no in-depth studies on how ownership structure affects the return of Swedish companies. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explain how the ownership structure affects revenue for IPOs. Method: This study looks at a total of 47 corporations, all of which were introduced to the Swedish market between 2006 - 2013. The selection of corporations has been categorised based on a range of ownership shares and then thoroughly analysed. Correlation tests have been completed in order to find a causal link between variables and also regression analysis to see how the risk adjusted return is related to a company's ownership structure. Through a Buy-and-Hold Abnormal Return (BHAR) regressiontests has been made, and verified by including and excluding corporation-specific control variables. Result: Our results suggest that the ownership structure has certain but limited effect on revenue. It does, however, indicate that ownership shares within 20-80 percent will have a positive impact on revenue.


An ultrasonic velocity profile (UVP) method can measure instantaneous one-dimensional velocity profile along the measuring line. It is non-intrusive technique, and it can be easily applied for existing facilities. The UVP method utilizes the ultrasonic Doppler frequency reflected on tracer particles for obtaining the velocity. For analyzing the Doppler frequency, there are some algorithms such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), auto-correlation, and so on. However, the influence of the algorithms on measuring velocity profile has not been investigated. In this study, difference of the algorithms for velocity measurements was investigated using a developed system. It consists of an ultrasonic pulser-receiver which transmits and receives ultrasonic waves, a high-speed digitizer which records wave data, and a PC which analyzes and calculates velocity. FFT and auto-correlation method were used for the calculation. In case of the FFT, there are 2 methods to calculate the Doppler frequency. One is a method to calculate the frequency of maximum value in the power spectral density (PSD), and the other is a method to calculate the average value of the frequency in the PSD. Velocity distributions were compared to a laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV), and the appropriate algorithms were chosen depending on the flow conditions. From the results, it was clarified that the auto-correlation method could reduce the number of ultrasonic repetition for the measurement.© 2011 ASME


Russian teachers when considering the problems of the spiritual and moral formation of a person, often address the theoretical heritage of the past. One of the outstanding representatives of the national pedagogy of post-reform Russia was Vladimir Yakovlevich Stoyunin, in the second half of the 19th century. At the present stage of the development of pedagogical science, the views of the scientist on solving the problems of finding and forming the ideal of the spiritual and moral growth of the individual, as well as determining the specific content of the moral education of the child, are of particular importance. The article presents an overview of the pedagogical views of V.Ya. Stoyunin on issues of spiritual and moral education of children of preschool and primary school age. The relevance of the scientist's ideas about the components of the moral education of the individual through the aspiration for self-improvement and the moral ideal is shown. The role of the Christian doctrine of faith in the moral upbringing of the child is determined and comprehended. The author of the article focuses on description of grades of a moral personality and the conditions for their growth, developed by V.Ya. Stoyunin in a detail.The aim of the article is to study the pedagogical ideas of V.Ya. Stoyunin about the formation of ideal of spiritual and moral development of an individual to identify approaches to the problem of professional and personal growth of teachers. As a result, the pedagogical views of V.Ya. Stoyunin on problem of spiritual and moral education of children in the period of preschool and primary school ages, his pedagogical recommendations on development of positive and leveling negative personal qualities of pupils have been classified. The position of the scientist on the issue of personal qualities of teachers, which have a significant impact on growth of spiritual sphere of the child, is presented. The attention is focused on Stoyunin's understanding of personal moral qualities as the fulfillment the basic Christian ethical norms - Christian commandments by teachers.


A description is presented of AL, an adaptive listening program. It is a prototyped auditory user interface system which provides adaptive management of a user's listening space (ULS). Specifically, AL was designed to manage the communication of auditory messages to a user within the ULS. AL communicates to a user the occurrence of multiple events in parallel by presenting a different auditory signal (sound) for each respective event. A general overview of AL is given along with several significant applications. A discussion is outlined of a musical model of audition from which to construct the model of human audition used by AL. The conditions for presenting multiple auditory signals within the ULS are also described.<<ETX>>


Objectives: The objective of the present study was to identify the differences between the defense mechanisms and psychological characteristics implemented by patients who have attempted suicide, and those implemented by depressed patients who have not. Methods: We recruited 250 depressed patients (67 with a history of one or more suicide attempts, and 183 patients without any history of suicide attempts) identified based on diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-text revision. We compared the clinical and psychological characteristics of the two groups using the Symptom Checklist90-Revised (SCL-90-R), the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), the Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+), and the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ). Results: The patients who had a history of suicide attempt(s) recorded higher scores in all subscales of the SCL-90-R (except phobic anxiety), as well as the Infrequency (F), Back Infrequency [F(B)], Hypochondriasis (Hs), Depression (D), Psychopathic deviate (Pd), Paranoia (Pa), Psychasthenia (Pt), Schizophrenia (Sc), Hypomania (Ma) scales of the MMPI than those patients with no history of attempted suicide. The patients with no history of suicide attempt(s) recorded higher scores on the Correction (K), Superlative self-presentation (S) scales of the MMPI than those who had attempted suicide. The incidence of paranoid, schizotypal, avoidant, dependent, depressive and negativistic personality disorders (as assessed by the PDQ criteria) was elevated in those patients with histories of suicide attempt(s). Maladaptive and image-distorting defense style, as assessed by the DSQ, and acting out and affiliation were also greater in those with histories of suicide attempt(s). Conclusion: It appears that depressed patients who attempt suicide experience more clinical symptoms, use primitive defense mechanisms and, apparently, have some predictably characteristic problems. Thus, these findings might be useful to those in clinical practice, for the purpose of evaluating depressed patients at high risk for attempted suicide, versus clinically depressed patients who are not. Psychoanalysis 2017;28(4):96-106


Appellate Body Division Graham (Presiding Member), Chang, Zhang Timeline of Dispute Panel Request (Canada): February 11, 2011 Panel Request (Norway): March 14, 2011 Panel Established (Canada): March 25, 2011 Panel Established (Norway): April 21, 2011 Panels Composed: October 4, 2012 Interim Reports Issued: September 3, 2013 Final Reports Issued to Parties: October 8, 2013 Final Reports Circulated: November 25, 2013 Notices of Appeal (Canada, Norway): January 24, 2014 Notice of Other Appeal: January 29, 2014 AB Reports Circulated: May 22, 2014 Adoption: June 18, 2014


Cellular networks and broadcast networks provide a better media transmission by considering high data rate and flexibility. The Cellular network provides various services using unicast or multicast model. In this survey, Cloud radio access network(C-RAN), which is a cooperative structure of both cellular and broadcasting network has been proposed. To allow smooth communication between broadcasters and users, Dedicated Return Channel(DRC) of a broadcasting network is used. Discusses two more approaches, namely, 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and ATSC 3.0 (Advanced Television Systems Committee) and presents a cooperative structure of DVB-T2 (Digital Video Broadcasting-2nd generation Terrestrial) and LTE (Long Term Evolution).


This paper discusses the Ford Foundation's Child Survival/Fair Start Initiative, under which Ford has sponsored community-based strategies to improve pregnancy outcomes and infant health and development, through parent support, education, and service brokerage. We present an overview of the general Child Survival/Fair Start strategy and then examine in detail emerging lessons in two areas: The influence of specific patterns of family support needs on local program priorities and emphases and the nurturance and work of the lay home visitors.


In order to solve some optimization problems with multi-local optimal solutions, a plague infectious disease optimization (PIDO) algorithm is proposed by the dynamic model of plague infectious disease with pulse vaccination and time delay. In this algorithm, it is assumed that there are several villagers living in a village, each villager is characterized by some characteristics. The plague virus is prevalent in the village, and the villagers contract the infectious disease through effective contact with sick rats. The plague virus attacks is the few characteristics of the human body. Under the action of the plague virus, the growth status of each villager will be randomly transformed among 4 states of susceptibility, exposure, morbidity and recovery, thus a random search is achieved for the global optimal solution. The physical strength degree of villagers is described by the human health index (HHI). The higher the villager's HHI index, the stronger the physique and the higher the surviving likelihood. 9 operators (S_S, S_E, E_E, E_I, E_R, I_I, I_R, R_R, R_S) are designed in the PIDO algorithm, and each operator only deals with the 1/1000∼1/100 of the total number of variables each time. The case study results show that PIDO algorithm has the characteristics of fast search speed and global convergence, and it is suitable for solving global optimization problems with higher dimensions.


Patients often present with upper abdominal pain and jaundice to their General Practitioners or to Accident and Emergency Departments. Common diagnoses such as acute cholecystitis or acute cholangitis are usually considered. We report a case of acute emphysematous cholecystitis, an unusual and life-threatening form of acute cholecystitis, where the diagnosis was not considered. We would like to use this case to reinforce the need for early hospital referral in any patient presenting acutely with abdominal pain and jaundice.


The successive dissociation constants of p bromochloroarsenazo have been determined by spectrophotometric method and potentiometric method respectively,which p K 1=1 10,p K 2=1 34,p K 3=3 44,p K 4=6 67,p K 5=9 23,p K 6=11 84(spectrophotometric method, 572?nm) and p K 3=3 32,p K 4=6 72,p K 5=9 89,p K 6=11 61(potentiometric method).


The recent explosion of research concerning the human immunodeficiency virus has advanced the understanding of a variety of viral infections and spurred the development of new antiviral agents. Drs Galasso, Whitley, and Merigan have made significant changes in their text, which was last revised in 1984. This new edition succeeds in incorporating the latest understanding of viral diseases and their therapy into one volume.


Nomenclature and intended use of the rooms of the southern (representative) part of the upper floor of the "palace" of Grand Masters in the Marienburg Castle in the Middle Ages on the basis of written sources

The analyses carried out in this article concerning the southern part of  the upper floor of the new (second) "palace" of the Teutonic Order's superiors in the late Middle Ages allow to formulate several important conclusions. First of all, the building certainly existed before 11 September 1392, but it cannot be ruled out that it was erected at the beginning of the 1370s. In the fifteenth-century sources, its entire southern representative part (looking from the so-called Low and High Halls) along with five rooms of different sizes located there, were referred to as the "Summer (or, less often, Winter) chamber (gemach)".
This name comes from the most characteristic interiors located there: the "Summer Refectory" / "Great Summer Hall" in the western part and the Winter Refectory in the central part. The thorough analysis of medieval written sources carried out in this article allows for the formulation of the thesis that the chamber located in the easternmost part of the southern part of the "palace", supported by two columns, should be  identified as the "Minor Summer Hall" (aula minor estivalis), which was recorded in the transumpt of 14 May 1456. Thus, all the suggestions concerning this interior and its supposed intended use in the discussed period, hitherto put forward by the researchers who have so far formulated their conclusions in isolation from the written accounts of the period, should be rejected.
This name comes from the most characteristic interiors located there: the "Summer Refectory" / "Great Summer Hall" in the western part and the Winter Refectory in the central part. The thorough analysis of medieval written sources carried out in this article allowed for the formulation of the thesis that the chamber located in the easternmost part of the southern part of the "palace", supported by two columns, should be  identified as the "Minor Summer Hall" (aula minor estivalis), which was recorded in the transumpt of 14 May 1456. Thus, all the suggestions concerning this interior and its supposed intended use in the discussed period,  hitherto put forward by the researchers who have so far formulated their conclusions in isolation from the written accounts of the period, should be rejected.


Infrared absorptions of solutions of eight acids in benzene have been examined over the 3500 cm-1 region. Quantities Q, defined as (area under a "free" O-H bond) + (weight fraction of solute present), can be extrapolated to zero concentration, giving Q, for each acid, much more certainly than can the dielectric polarizations published for the same systems by Pohl et al.1-3 The quotients Q/Q0 appear rectilinearly related to partial molar polarizations over major portions of the entire concentration range; using this observation, new estimates are made of polarizations and dipole moments for the acid monomers concerned.


In 1964,a field party of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleo-
anthropology,Academia Sinica,discovered at two localities in one and the same bed
at southern boarder of Dzungaria Basin of Sinkiang a fragment of Lophiomeryx
lower jaw and fossils of some giant rhinoceros.The Lophiomeryx had been described
and published soon after(Vertebrata PalAsiatica,v.9,n,4;1965),the remainders
including an enormous skull of a giant rhinoceros with lower jaw,which is the most
perfectly preserved indricotherid skull yet discovered so far,and some foot-bones are
described here as a new genus and species,Dzungariotherium orgosensis.
Detailed description and measurements are given in the foregoing Chinese text.
Dzungariotherium may be briefly defined as an aberrant paracerathere with some
indricothere affinities.The characters of the skull and lower jaw of the new genus
resemble Paraceratherium in the followings:1)The height of the occipital condyles is
only about 1/3 of that of occiput;2)sagittal crest expands into a small flattened
plate;3)paroccipital,posttympanic and postglenoid processes extend much lower
than occipital condyles;4)postglenoid process is located in the inner-posterior side of
the glenoid cavity;5)maxillar and premaxillar bones bend upwards markedly;6)
nasal notch deep;7)upper incisors reduced to very small ones,P~1 absent,P~2 trian-
gular;8)diastema nearly absent,etc.
On the other hand Dzungariotherium shows some peculiar features.These are:
1)it is probably larger than all known species,except some teeth from Hami of the
same region;2)the space between paroccipital-posttympanic process and postglenoid
process is small;3)zygomatic arches expand posteriorly,just before the glenoid;4)
symphysis strongly constricted and bends upwards instead of being downwards;5)
lower incisors much reduced;6)upper premolars much broadened transversely.
Associated foot-bones,except being more robust and broadened,show mixing cha-
racters of both paracerathere and indricothere.
Considering the above cited contradictory features of Dzungariotherium and the
evident progressiveness of the formerly described species of Lophiomeryx,it seems
reasonable to determine the fossil-bearing bed as of late Oligocene age or even a little
later.


Sensor networks serve as a powerful recruiting vehicle to excite and engage students in socially-relevant applications of computing. In this paper, we describe a technology-assisted scavenger hunt for introducing young learners --- from grade school through high school--- to sensor networks and computer science. The desired outcome is to expand students' content knowledge and positively impact their impressions of the discipline. We describe the outreach program and present promising evaluation results across three pilots involving 5th graders, 7th graders, and 11th graders.


reflection in its use of techniques from mass media and popular culture. Derek Fogg's interview with Clenda Jackson on Brecht's Mother Courage voices a challenging view on redefining Brechtian presentation and character in a non-Epic mode, and this is also evident in the diverse reactions in critics' reviews. Comparison of all critics' reviews is enlightening. The impact of the performance emerges somewhere between 'enjoyable production of a truly awful script' and 'smartly filtering the storyline down to the cynical essentials'. This counterbalance of different readings of a play in performance by critics and first hand explanations of a production by directors forms a collage of messages received, lost and found that offers the reader a complex spectrum of experience from which to deduce a general impression. Both chapters on Antony (Dumas pere) and Mrs Warren's Profession (Shaw) by Claude Schumacher and Jan McDonald respectively, highlight the problems of interpretation, and discuss the challenge of reviving a text rife with obsolete references. McDonald's reading of Mrs Warren 's Profession is interesting; as a performance contrary to the traditional perception of a Shavian play it prompts the significant question of Shaw as forerunner to Brecht. This book should be an important document, if only as an account of performances which have become no more than nebulous outlines, past experiences with no concrete aftermath. But it could also be instrumental in introducing a considerably valuable technique of performance analysis which validates the performances as ventures in themselves. As a social document it could also lend itself to studies of specific texts in performance.


An 81-year-old man was referred with a 65-mm descending thoracic aneurysm (Figure 1A⇓) and a 60-mm abdominal aortic aneurysm (Figure 1B⇓) found on …


Abstract Crises in fisheries around the world have made everyone realize that the health of ocean ecosystems cannot be taken for granted. In this article I discuss the science and policy of marine sanctuaries by examining the case of Atlantic Canada. By providing fishing-free sanctuaries for marine biodiversity, the richness of life in Canada's oceans be retained and healthy fisheries will also be promoted. The protection of deep-sea coral communities from mobile fishing gears is presented as an example. Marine sanctuaries can be created under the provisions of existing laws in Canada. The Oceans Act, for example, permits the creation of "marine protected areas." The benefits of marine protected areas are discussed, and plans for developing systems of marine protected areas are outlined. Peer-reviewed article accepted for publication on 17 February 2002.


Improvement in the physical efficiency of water use is related to water conservation through increasing the fraction of water beneficially used over water applied. Enhancing economic efficiency seeks the highest economic value of water use through both physical and managerial measures. The analysis of these efficiencies at the basin level can take into account the downstream water re-use and tradeoffs across water use demand sites. Physical and economic efficiency measures are both useful indicators for water management at the irrigation system and river basin level, but may result in different implications for water policy. To explore the relationship between physical and economic efficiency, an integrated economic-hydrologic river basin model was applied to the Maipo River basin in Chile. Modelling scenarios are defined and policy implications from physical and economic efficiencies for basin-wide irrigation water management are analysed.


An analysis of developing and fully developed turbulent flow was carried out when different techniques have been used in a zone close to the solid wall. In this paper, wall element technique based on the finite element method (FEM) has been adopted and compared with other techniques for determination of confined turbulent flow with a one equation model used to depict the turbulent viscosity is applied to a smooth straight channel.


We investigate Schrodinger operators with δ- and δ′-interactions supported on hypersurfaces, which separate the Euclidean space into finitely many bounded and unbounded Lipschitz domains. It turns out that the combinatorial properties of the partition and the spectral properties of the corresponding operators are related. As the main result, we prove an operator inequality for the Schrodinger operators with δ- and δ′-interactions which is based on an optimal coloring and involves the chromatic number of the partition. This inequality implies various relations for the spectra of the Schrodinger operators and, in particular, it allows to transform known results for Schrodinger operators with δ-interactions to Schrodinger operators with δ′-interactions.


Ammonia in animal waste can irritate the skin, eyes, throat and lungs of confined animals, if exposed to high levels. Thus, reducing ammonia levels in waste would be beneficial. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a yucca product (De-Odorase®, Alltech Inc.) on lowering ammonia levels in equine faeces. Eight horses of varying breed, age and sex (4 mares, 4 geldings; 4–18 yrs) were used in a two-period, cross-over experimental design. Animals were randomly allocated to one of two dietary treatments with or without the inclusion of yucca at 3 g/h/d. The basal diet consisted of 0.5-1 kg of dried alfalfa plus 0.5 kg of concentrate according to animal requirements. Animals were housed over night in individual stables (12'×12') and bedded on shredded paper. During the day, all horses were out to pasture unless they were used for work in the college. All horses had similar workloads (1–2 h of schooling and/or hacking daily). Access to water was ad libitum at all times. Ammonia levels in stables were measured between 05:30 and 07:00 daily for 7 d. Five readings were taken per stable using a Gasman single gas detector (Crowcon Ltd.) 1 m above floor level: back left corner, back right corner, front left corner, front right corner and centre. Overall, levels of ammonia were low in all stables. Nevertheless, supplementation with yucca resulted in a significant reduction (P=0.001) in ammonia levels from 0.22 to 0.16 ppm. Addition of 3 g/h/d of yucca to the ration of stabled horses fed standard, UK diets has the potential to reduce ammonia levels, even when initial ammonia levels are low. This paper highlights one of the numerous problems that can arise in the management of performance horses. Further studies concerning the mode of action of yucca in the reduction of ammonia levels are needed.


Objective
To investigate the effect of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) on the decreased expression of Bmal1 induced by amyloid-beta protein 31-35 (Aβ31-35) in HT22 cells.

Methods
HT22 mouse hippocampal cells were divided into control group, Aβ31-35 group and LiCl+Aβ 31-35 group by random number table method in the present study. Cells were synchronized to G0/G1 phase by 1% serum starvation for 1 hour (circadian time 0 (CT0)). Cell viability was detected by the cell counting kit-8 assay. The mRNA expression of clock gene Bmal1 was examined by real-time PCR at different CT times. The expression of GSK3β and BMAL1 protein was detected by Western blotting.

Results
Compared with the control group, Aβ31-35 induced the decreased expression of Bmal1 mRNA; The expression of both Bmal1 mRNA and BMAL1 protein was decreased significantly at CT20 (Bmal1 mRNA: 0.38±0.06 vs 0.83±0.08, t=4.549, P=0.001; BMAL1 protein: 0.67±0.04 vs 1.00±0.04, t=5.943, P<0.001). In the Aβ31-35 group, GSK3β activity was increased and the ratio of phosphorylated GSK3βS9 to GSK3β was decreased compared to the control group (0.66±0.08 vs 1.02±0.14, t=2.217, P=0.025). Aβ31-35 decreased the viability of HT22 cells (71.85%±6.20% in the Aβ31-35 group vs 98.14%±2.68% in the control group, t=3.891, P=0.006), and the GSK3β inhibitor LiCl pretreatment effectively reversed the decline of the viability induced by Aβ31-35 (90.74%±5.74% in the LiCl+Aβ31-35 group vs 71.85%±6.20% in the Aβ31-35 group, t=3.412, P=0.010). LiCl (in the LiCl+Aβ31-35 group) increased the expression of Bmal1 mRNA and BMAL1 protein significantly at CT20 compared with the Aβ31-35 group (Bmal1 mRNA: 0.72±0.05 vs 0.38±0.06, t=4.378, P=0.001; BMAL1 protein: 0.90±0.04 vs 0.67±0.04, t=4.052, P=0.002).

Conclusion
Increased GSK3β activity involved in the decreased expression of Bmal1 induced by Aβ31-35 in HT22 cells.

Key words:
Amyloid; Glycogen synthase kinase 3; Bmal1 gene; HT22 cells


The recently discovered ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of β-butyrolactone (β-BL) using CrIII(salphen) as catalyst converts racemic β-BL to isotactic enriched poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). These achiral complexes arrange themselves in a dimeric sandwich-like structure entrapping the growing polymer chain and the monomer. The polymerization mechanism discussed based on previous DFT calculations is supported by kinetic studies in here. Furthermore, the influence of different substitution patterns in salphen complexes on polymerization of β-BL was investigated. In addition, effects of different polymerization starters and additives on the broad molecular weight distribution of PHB have been investigated, which show the limitations of this catalysis.


For hybrid overlay networks of WLAN and high-tier mobile networks, an adaptive medium access control (MAC) scheme of using CSMA/CA with ready-to-send (RTS)/clear-to-send (CTS) plus TDMA is addressed and analyzed. If the speed of subscriber station is higher than a preset threshold, the TDMA is used, otherwise the CSMA/CA with RTS/CTS is used. The saturation throughputs of the adaptive MAC and the CSMA/CA are evaluated under the consideration of link disconnection probabilities. Numerical results of throughputs are presented for the adaptive MAC and compared to those of the CSMA/CA with RTS/CTS


Magnetism and magnetoelectric effect of armchair BC4N nanoribbons are explored from density functional theory. 100% spin polarization presents in the N-rich nanoribbons due to sigma-dangling bond states induced by the unpaired N atoms. In the nanoribbons with "paired" B and N atoms, however, striking magnetism is also found to survive, rationalized by a unique zigzag-like pairing pattern. The ribbons can present remarkable edge magnetoelectric effects, for which the edge magnetoelectric coefficient is defined and calculated. The obtained d0 magnetism and the large magnetoelectric effect are helpful to explore possible spintronic applications in BCN systems.


3D visualizations will soon be important wearable computer applications. However, 3D interaction can be problematic, especially in a wearable computing environment. We evaluated four 3D interaction methods using isometric joysticks common to wearable computing. Subjective and objective results favor a two-handed, aircraft-like interface mapping.


Abstract Diagnostics and mitigation of excessive moisture effects are some of the most frequent problems in historical buildings. In this article, an attempt was made to measure the moisture content of construction elements in the historical tenement house in Gubin. It is the largest town in the Krosno Poviat, in the area of the Lubuskie Voivodeship. The town suffered from military actions during World War II whereby approximately 90% of its urban development was destroyed. The tenement house at 14A, Śląska Street is one of the more well-preserved buildings, made in the classicist style with characteristic historical features. The whole history of the building is unknown but there are freemasonry symbols on the elevation, and probably the Military Police had its headquarters there after 1945.


1. A method for decoding an audio signal, comprising the steps of: receiving a downmix signal including at least one object signal and an object-oriented additional information generated when at least one object signal downmixed to obtain the downmix signal, the downmix signal and object-oriented additional information received from the audio ; ! receiving control information for controlling the position or level of at least one object signal; ! form a channel-oriented additional information on the basis of object-oriented additional information and control information; ! forming the processed downmix signal based on a downmix signal, object-oriented additional information and control information for controlling the position of at least one object signal; and! form a multi-channel audio signal using the processed downmix signal and channel-oriented additional information! wherein both downmix signal and the processed downmix signal composed of a left channel and a right channel. ! 2. A method for audio decoding according to claim 1, wherein the processed downmix signal formed by performing adding effects to the downmix signal. ! 3. The audio signal decoding method of claim 1, wherein the generating of the downmix signal comprises modified


OBJECTIVE To screen serum differential-expression proteins relevant to tuberculosis(TB)by applying SELDI technology and to compare with a similar study.METHODS Serum protein expression profiles from 30 patients with active pulmonary TB and 30 healthy controls were examined by SELDI-TOF-MS.A diagnostic model was established to test 105 specimens by a blind test set.The same differential-expression proteins were discovered by comparing with a similar study.RESULTS Compared with controls,86 putative biomarkers for TB were identified(P﹤0.05).The diagnostic decision tree generated from six differentially expressed proteins proved significant efficiency in the diagnosis of TB,the ROC curve was computed and obtained value of 0.983.The result of the blind test set yielded 0.837 of the value on ROC curve.11 differentially expressed proteins(P﹤0.001)reappeared in our study compared with a similar study.CONCLUSION Serum protein profiles between TB and healthy controls have significant difference.The relationship between 11 differentially expressed proteins from two different independent experiments and TB needs further studied.


An investigation was conducted to explore the applicability of Eddy Current (EC) and magnetic techniques to characterize the formation and grains size variation during Mechanical Alloying (MA) and the formation of a new mixture due to the variation of crystallography parameters. The change in apparent density was attributable to the irregular particles of the metal powders. A series of Nanocrystalline (Fe65Co35)xAl1-x samples have been prepared using M.A based on planetary ball mill under several milling conditions. M.A is a non-equilibrium process for materials synthesis. The structural effects of MA of powders were investigated by X-Ray diffraction analysis, SEM, microwaves, hysteresis magnetic and Eddy Current technique. Consequently, a nanostructure alloy was obtained with an average grain size of 8 nm. Experimental results show that fine nanocrystalline alloy powders prepared by mechanical milling are very promising for microwave applications and it is suggested that Eddy current measurement technique is a useful tool for the characterization of nanocrystalline materials.