Introducing simple robotic platforms into domestic environments is faced with the challenge of social acceptability. Therefore human-aware navigation is a must for robots operating in environments shared with human users. In this work, we focus on the human-aware navigation problem in a structured environment for a robot with limited sensing and constrained maneuvering called Ranger. The Ranger is a simple domestic robotic platform designed for interacting with children. The system combines person detection and tracking - which is the result of fusing laser-scan and depth-image based detectors provided by an RGB-D camera -, basic autonomous navigation and the concept of personal space. We rely only on the on-board sensors for mapping, localization, human tracking, and navigation. Systematic experiments are carried out with a real robot in the presence of a human in order to compare our human-aware navigation with a non human-aware simple approach. The results show that human-aware navigation is able to achieve trajectories which are respecting the personal spaces of the human and are thus more acceptable for the users.


Objectives : Different teaching aids are advocated in the medical colleges for delivery of lectures such as power point presentation, blackboard, transparency sheet, overhead projectors, extempore and lecture sheets .The aim of our study was to compare the more acceptable teaching methods between the students of Dhaka Medical College and Enam Medical College. Materials and Methods : Total one hundred students were selected from fourth year in each medical college. They were asked to fill in a fourteen item questionnaire about their perception of five lecture delivery methods. Questionnaire was properly explained. The results were analyzed separately to find out any differences between preferences of teaching methods in both medical colleges. Results : In DMC 50% students preferred traditional blackboard method ,25% PowerPoint presentations, 5% both blackboard and PowerPoint, 16% extempore and 4% lecture sheet .On the other hand, in EMC, 53% mentioned PowerPoint presentation as most acceptable, 38% blackboard, 5% combined blackboard and PowerPoint and 4% extempore. Some important comments were recorded which could be valuable for the medical teachers. Conclusion : The study showed that students of DMC clearly prefer traditional blackboard method rather than other teaching aids, whereas students of EMC prefer PowerPoint presentation. The study does not bring out any evidence based superiority of any lecture delivery method. It appears that any teaching aid can be appropriate and effective if the teachers are properly trained. This highlights the need for formal training in teaching technologies for good presentation and thus motivate the students. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmed.v21i2.13612 Bangladesh J Medicine 2010; 21: 60-64


Normal mixture (NM) GARCH model can capture time variation in both conditional skewness and kurtosis. In this paper, we present the general framework of Normal mixture GARCH (1,1). An empirical application is presented using Malaysia weekly stock market returns. This paper provides evidence that, for modeling stock market returns, two-component Normal mixture GARCH (1,1) model perform better than Normal, symmetric and skewed Student's t-GARCH models. This model can quantify the volatility corresponding to stable and crash market circumstances. We also consider Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimation for Normal mixture GARCH model.


Abstract : This is a special report on the current use of U.S. inland waterways including the use, the physical condition and near-term financial commitment to respond to these needs. Keywords: Locks; Waterborne commerce; Appropriations; Expenditures; and Rehabilitation.


The General Medical Council is failing to meet its statutory three month target for certifying doctors who want to join the medical register through the equivalence routes, its own performance figures show.

However, the regulator has said that it expects to reach decisions on 95% of all applications for the certificate of eligibility for specialist registration (CESR) and certificate of eligibility for general practice registration (CEGPR) within the three month timeframe by the end of the year.

Doctors who have not followed a GMC approved training programme and been awarded a certificate of completion of training (CCT) must have a CESR or CEGPR to be licensed to practise as a consultant or GP in the UK.

Responsibility for the certification and registration of specialists and GPs through these equivalence …


Objective To investigate the efficiency of pcDNA3-gtfB on Japan's Long-eared rabbits by intranasal immunization,and observe the appreciate gene vaccine dose in rabbit immunization.Methods The study includes two parts.Part one: 30 Japan's Long-eared rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups(each group 6) as follows: 200 μg,400 μg,600 μg pcDNA3-gtfB plasmid group,400 μg pcDNA3 group,inactivated whole-cell vaccine positive control group.In the process of experiment the rabbits were immunized twice,and plasmid groups and whole-cell group were coupled Freund's adjuvant with 1∶1 ratio.Part two:The specific IgG and S-IgA in blood and saliva were detected by indirect ELISA method.Results ①The peak time of the antibodies appeared between 8-10 weeks after the first immunization.②The specific antibodies IgG and S-IgA could be detected 1-2 week after immunization.③The level of salivary specific S-IgA and serum specific IgG of pcDNA3-gtfB were significantly higher than negative groups(P0.05).The titer of the 200 μg is significantly lower than those of 400 μg and 600 μg groups(P0.05).Conclusion ①The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-gtfB has immunogenicity,which can induce specific immune responses in rabbits.②The results of the present study showed that 200 μg,400 μg and 600 μg were effective immunizational dosage to 1.5 kilograms Japan's Long-eared rabbits.③400 μg and 600 μg pcDNA3-gtfB can be considered as the optimal dosage at present experimental condition.


Cover: The cover shows cultured dual‐colored MMT cells with RFP expression in the cytoplasm, and GFP linked to histone H2B, expressed in the nuclei. See article in this issue by Amoh et al, pages 465–472.


Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has gained more and more attention in the last years given the increased mortality and morbidity rate and in particular pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with autoimmune diseases (a specific subgroup of PH), entities with an increasing incidence and prevalence globally. Among these, systemic sclerosis is of particular interest, being the most common among connective tissue diseases (CTDs) with PH as a major complication. Other CTDs such as mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogren's syndrome, and dermatomyositis may also develop PH as a complication of these severe and complex conditions, which can have a major impact on prognosis and quality of life. PH has also been reported in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis but further studies are necessary. Several studies have shown that the 3-year survival rate for patients with systemic sclerosis-associated with pulmonary hypertension (SSc-PH) is between 31% and 52%, while the 5-year survival rate is below <50%. Therefore, an early and accurate diagnosis as well as subsequent management of PH in these conditions is mandatory, since survival remains suboptimal despite treatment advances. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of different autoimmune diseases associated with PH and to provide an easy reference source on current best practices.


Gustav Theodor Fechner (1801–1887) was a German physicist and philosopher whose application of mathematical and scientific methods to psychological theory established the science of psychophysics and laid the foundations of experimental psychology.


Ampicillin-sulbactam combination is the most frequently prescribed antibiotic in diabetic foot ulcers. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated to this antibiotic. In 33 patients with diabetic foot ulcer (September 2008-March 2009), 67% were culture positive in which Citrobacter spp accounted for 36% of these isolates. The rest isolated included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22%), Proteus spp (18%), Acinetobacter spp (9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5%), Escherichia coli (5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (5%). These isolates were more likely to be ampicillin-resistant (n=18) than were ampicillin-sensitive isolates (n=4). Ampicillin resistance has raised our concern about current practice of prescribing ampicillin/ sulbactam as monotherapy for majority of our patients with such ulcers.


In accordance with technological innovation targets of 12th Five-Year Plan,waterborne industrial coatings(with industrial acceptable painting characteristics) and waterborne anti-corrosion coatings should expand application fields into heavy coating,big planes and big ships.Waterborne fluoropolymer coating have become hot research topic in consideration of environment protection and its outstanding weather-ability,especially the single component waterborne fluoropolymer coating.Synthesis,varieties and their features,future profile of application as well as market analysis were introduced.Up-to-date research progresses and achievements of the fluoropolymer coatings were also reviewed.


Personalized medicine or individualized therapy promises a paradigm shift in healthcare. This is particularly true in complex and multifactorial diseases such as diabetes and the multitude of related pathophysiological complications. Diabetic cardiomyopathy represents an emerging condition that could be effectively treated if better diagnostic and, in particular, better therapeutic monitoring tools were available. In this study, we investigate the ability to differentiate low and high doses of metabolically targeted therapy in an obese type 2 diabetic rat model. Low‐dose dichloroacetate (DCA) treatment was associated with increased lactate production, while no or little change was seen in bicarbonate production. High‐dose DCA treatment was associated with a significant metabolic switch towards increased bicarbonate production. These findings support further studies using hyperpolarized [1‐13C]‐pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate treatment effects and thus allow for personalized titration of therapeutics.


In the theoretical part, this Bachelor Thesis shows up such concepts as database, also information system and components, which are necessary to implement information system. The introductory part pays a close attention to the analysis of the current situation and to the description of available company information systems on the Czech market. In the practical part, a structure and description of individual database summary sheets is analysed. Then, the idea of the concept of information system is outlined. In the next part, a specific design of the made-to-measure software product is described. Also, the system implementation is clarified, as well as information filling and its practical testing.


Objective:To explore an effective method for seizure control for the animal model of status convulsion(SC)induced by lithi-um-pilocarpine,and to enhance the survival rate of the rats.Methods:Seizures were induced in twenty-five adult rats with lithium and pi-locarpine injected intraperitoneally,30min after SC onset,they were divided into five groups,including a control group and four treatment groups with different anticonvulsants respectively.The onsets of the seizure,the durations of SC,the death rates and the time points of death were selected as the indicators for comparison.Results:(1)Seizures occurred in all the25experimental rats after ithium and pilo-carpine being injected.In the control group,without anticonvulsive treatment,the seizure hours persisted(20.0±2.6),4of5rats were dead at(3.3±1.0)day.(2)Comparing with the control group,coadministration of diazepam and phenbarbital could interrupt or attenuate seizure activity at20min later approximately.But the rats had severe dyspnea and all died.(3)Chloral hydrat administered intraperi-toneally could terminate the seizures at5~30min,but it had no apparent effect on the dyspnea.The rats were dead at(180±34.2)min.(4)Coadministration of chloral hydrate and atropine could terminate the seizures at4~24min and attenuate the dypnea.All the rats sur-vived.Conclusions:SC induced by lithium and pilocarpine is responsive to chloral hydrate.Coadministration of chloral hydrate and at-ropine can terminate the seizure activity and enhance the survival rate of the laboratory animals.


We read with great interest the article entitled "Coronal Microleakage of the Resilon and Gutta-Percha Obturation Materials with Epiphany SE Sealer: An In-vitro Study" by Al-Maswary AA et al., which has been published in your esteemed journal (Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2016 May, Vol-10(5): ZC39-ZC42) [1]. We want to share few of our thoughts regarding this study. It was a good study comparing the coronal leakage of Resilon and guttapercha with Epiphany SE sealer using the dye penetration method. The results of this study indicated that a complete seal was not obtained with any of the tested specimens. One of the reasons attributed for this leakage was incomplete infiltration of resin into the demineralized dentin, as a result of difficulty in achieving the ideal ratio between the degree of the dentin demineralization and the ability of resin infiltration [2] which has been mentioned by the authors in the discussion. However, this could have been explained further by addressing the fact that the chelating agent (17% EDTA) employed in this study might have led to the collapse of demineralized collagen matrices left in the root canal walls which impeded sealer infiltration. This is in accordance with Garcia-Godoy F et al., [2] who reported that both EDTA and MTAD caused a collapse of the dentin matrix structure which prevented sealer infiltration and interferes with the formation of high quality hybrid layer bonding. In addition, the raw material of Resilon i.e., polycaprolactone is biodegradable under microbial attack [3]. An enzyme lipase is released by these microorganisms, which is capable of cleaving the ester bonds of polycaprolactone, making it more susceptible to alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis [4]. These factors are also to be taken into account while employing Resilon/Epiphany (SE) sealer in clinical practice where the human oral cavity is comprised of a wide variety of microbial flora. Also, this study employed dye penetration methodology for assessment of coronal microleakage. However, the validity of dye leakage studies has been questioned because of the possible effect of entrapped air on ingress of the dye solution [5]. Spangberg L et al., demonstrated that dyes such as methylene blue and crystal violet could not penetrate into an entire artificial void by passive diffusion alone and also reported that the voids could be filled with dye by applying vacuum during this method, thereby inferring that dye leakage studies can be conducted under vacuum pressure [6]. Hence, the authors can attempt further similar studies, keeping in mind the above mentioned parameters for the better appreciation of the results.


This paper provides a sketch of the most important milestones of behavioral accounting in general and judgment and decision-making (JDM) research in accounting in particular, over the last six decades. In order to understand JDM research in accounting it is important to know how "behavioral" aspects were introduced into the accounting community. Thus, this integrative literature review, combined with a citation analysis of the current research streams, analyses the last six decades of behavioral accounting research. This paper offers a compact description of how theories and methodologies from social sciences, in particular from the field of psychology, were implemented into accounting research. This paper extends previous general reviews (e.g. Bonner, 1999; Dunk, 2001; Trotman, Tan, & Ang, 2011) and more personal reflections (e.g., Hopwood, 2009; M. D. Shields, 2009) , as it also includes a discussion of emerging themes (e.g. ecological rationality) and methods (e.g. neuroaccounting) and how these approaches are (or are not) picked up in behavioral accounting. Overall, this paper provides a starting point for scholars interested in the foundations of behavioral accounting and in the current trends and debates in JDM research in accounting.


We demonstrate multi-wavelength all-optical packet header recognition using a periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) device and fiber Bragg grating arrays as optical correlators. The number of header recognition modules required in an optical cross-connect is drastically decreased by our method. We simultaneously recognize the header bits on two 2.5 Gbit/s WDM channels and route them to different output ports of a 2/spl times/2 cross-connect.


This work aims to embed data into scalable coded video by manipulating the syntax elements related to motion vectors. The payload is improved by forcing the prediction blocks to be coded by using smaller block sizes, which directly results in having more manipulable syntax elements to embed data. A threshold is introduced to guide the rate-distortion optimization and data embedding processes. Experimental results suggest that higher payload is achieved when smaller prediction blocks are coded at slightly higher bit rate, with negligible degradation in perceptual video quality. In the best case scenario, 475, 691 bits are embedded into the PartyScene test video sequence while PSNR drops by 0.06dB with a bit rate overhead of 4.72%.


Translocations of the histone‐lysine N‐methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) gene, formerly known as myeloid lymphoid leukemia/mixed‐lineage leukemia gene, are commonly associated with high‐risk de novo or therapy‐associated B‐cell and T‐cell lymphoblastic leukemias and myeloid neoplasms. Rare B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphomas harboring KMT2A translocations have been reported, but information regarding the clinical behavior of such cases is limited. Here, we describe two extranodal diffuse large B‐cell lymphomas (DLBCLs): a primary thyroid DLBCL and a large cell transformation of a splenic marginal zone lymphoma, which displayed complex karyotypes and translocations involving chromosome 11q23 targeting the KMT2A gene. The pathological and clinical characteristics of these cases are discussed in the context of previously reported lymphomas associated with different types of KMT2A genetic aberrations. In contrast to the poor clinical outcomes of patients with acute leukemias and myeloid neoplasms associated with KMT2A translocations, patients with B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphomas, exhibiting similar translocations, appear to respond well to immunochemotherapy. Our findings add to the growing list of histone methyltransferase genes deregulated in DLBCL and highlight the diversity of mechanisms, altering the function of epigenetic modifier genes in lymphomas.


The gap between northern and southern Italy has been clearly marked since the late Medieval period and has widened steadily over time. From the Fascist period to the present, the South has been the beneficiary of a wealth of often haphazard government programs designed to put it on a more even economic, financial, commercial, and even hygienic footing with respect to the dominant North. Hampered by uncertain goals and careless expenditure, the lavishly planned programs accomplished little of substance in the long run. People have continued to vote with their feet against conditions in the South by flowing either into southern cities, or, more commonly, to industrial centers in the North or elsewhere in the European Economic Community. In both cases, the overcrowded cities and underpopulated rural areas are the immediate manifestations of the problem. The four books in this essay take different tacks in analyzing the phenomenon of the Italian Mezzogiorno, particularly the problems


Mostly cloudy, with chance of sunbreaks by midafternoon. My autobiography in a single phrase: coming of age in the deep pine green of the Northwest shade, with mist more reliable than light. You can set your poncho to it like a wristwatch, rouge your pale cheeks, streak your hair orange and purple as Pisaster, or buy a sun lamp to help you face the SAD. Except I didn't mind it: not the cloud cover or the dim, sagging skies, not the ceaseless trickle like a faucet turned loose. I never raged against the dying of the light because I learned early on that only the dim survive. "Vampire country," they call it now, though I trekked the peninsula long before Edward and Bella arrived. I knew the blue chanterelle mushrooms, the golden moss, the sea gulls buffeted by wind and rain. Except there wasn't much of it, not really: always "the threat of," storms gathering in perpetuity on the far-away horizon. The story goes that I was the sunbreak in my parents' gray days, but I beg to differ—the way I once, long ago, begged to be different, yearned to change. I know now I was the storm gathering, just out of sight, deepening my noctilucent powers.


Little is known about the effects of acute supplementation with soy (Soy), whey (WHEY) or carbohydrate (CHO) on lymphocyte subset responses to resistance exercise. We randomized untrained men and women (23.0 ± 3.2 yrs, 72.8 ± 13.0 kg, 26.3 ± 10.6 %fat) to supplement with WHEY (n = 19), Soy (n = 14) or CHO (n = 18) immediately after performing a squat exercise protocol (6 sets, 10 repetitions, 65% of 1RM, 2 min rest between sets). Changes in circulating lymphocyte (LY) counts prior to (Pre) and 15 and 60 min post exercise (PE) were assessed. Most lymphocyte subsets, except NK cells, showed a decrease below Pre at 60 min PE in all supplement groups. NK cells in the Soy group were elevated above Pre at 15 min PE. Soy demonstrated a smaller decrease below baseline for total CD3 T cells at 60 min PE, most likely the result of a smaller decrease in CD8 T cells at 60 PE in comparison to CHO. CD4 T cells although not different from Pre were more elevated in Soy than CHO at 15 min PE. These differences in the magnitude and temporal response patterns between supplement groups indicate that Soy may contain a component that attenuates the post‐exercise lymphopenia. Funded by the Dairy Research Institute.


The descriptive analysis of the development of academic research in conditions of combination of active educational and research activities on the example of "Institutional reforms in Russian economy" scientific school existing at the Department of Economics of Industries and Markets of Chelyabinsk State University is made. The key factors of success of research activity are outlined; the main problems of implementation of the department strategy in scientific research are identified.


On the south bank of the Thames, in a rather drab part of London, just a short walk from the National Theatre and Waterloo Station, stands a relatively modern concrete and brick building you might hardly notice. It is almost entirely bereft of distinguishing features, so the traffic rushes by without giving it a second thought. Or, does it? You might wonder at the great letters inscribed over its doors: "Into All The World". What is this about? Or, standing in the road at dusk, as you hail a taxi or wait for a bus, a simple upper room jutting out above the entrance way to the building might attract your attention. This room has a large coloured glass window--all abstract, lines and circles and cubes--lit from within. What can this be? The stones may not exactly cry out but at least they raise questions. Such curiosity is not to be despised in a world where the creating and redeeming God is as much at work in the secular as the sacred. (1) The honest, unpretentious use of raw materials, the expanse of windows looking out to the world, will, I hope, say something. At the heart of our activity the chapel will be a pool of silence, as far as the architect can make it. Visually it is not cut off from the rest of the building, and from most points one can look right into it. It is important also that from inside the chapel one can look right out of it, not only back into the corridors and committee rooms, but, more importantly, down into the ceaseless traffic of the Waterloo Road. "Glory to God in the High Street!" We are, I believe, only on the threshold of a new theology of the horizontal "here-and-now-ness". Yet we must not simply opt for that alone, and those who too readily abandon the vertical of God's transcendence are robbing us of an essential dimension. Now I understand why the angle between the east wall and the floor of our chapel had, from the beginning, been so crucial in my thought that I had asked for the floor to slope downwards and the wall inwards, as if to intensify that that point of intersection was the place for the overflowing font. It might be that the architect must suffer an unresolved conflict between the two foci of attention as the only honest symbol of a reality we are still groping to express. Modern drama is wrestling with the same theological issue. For three Centuries we have had directional theatre, the picture stage presenting that "other" reality over there, until its cliches became irremediably banal, and dramatists demanded the theatre in the round, with all the immediacy of audience-participation. But experiment showed that to abandon the picture-stage entirely was to throw away precious gains of perspective. And so the solution has been found which retains the picture-stage while thrusting out from it an apron stage on which the players can perform in the very midst of the auditorium. This suggested to our architect the resolution of the dilemma. The great east wall sweeps down past the cross and the flowing water to the floor where, in an unbroken movement, it thrusts out into the body of the chapel the sanctuarydais on which the Holy Table stands. It is a fine diagrammatic symbol of "the Beyond in the midst". (2) We are overhearing the authentic voice of one of the greatest missionary statesmen of the 20th century, John Vernon Taylor, General Secretary of the Church Missionary Society 1963-1973, Bishop of Winchester 1974-1984. This Chapel of the Living Water, his own vision, given to him entirely in a dream, is a fine lasting memorial of a great and generous imagination placed at the service of "the Beyond in the midst". John Taylor was one nourished as much by art as by theology, as much by theatre as by liturgy. In considering what might be involved in Christian mission in the third millennium, this man is a trustworthy guide because his vision is never narrowly compartmentalized. …


Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a bacterial and zoonotic disease which is transmitted through; consumption of unpasteurized milk, raw meat and inhalation of aerosols. This study used a deterministic mathematical model to assess the impact of each parameter in the transmission of bTB. The basic reproduction number R computed to determine the behaviour of the disease. The disease-free equilibrium exists and is locally asymptotically stable when R 0 < 1, and it is unstable otherwise. However, there is a possibility for the diseases free equilibrium to coexist with endemic equilibrium when R = 1. The parameters which drive the dynamics of bTB computed and sensitivity analysis performed. The analysis shows that the basic reproduction number R 0 0 increases proportionally as the most positive sensitive parameters are increases. However, the rate of animal deaths due to the disease mortality, the rate of natural animal deaths and the rate of leaking for unused dairy products are conversely proportional to the basic reproduction number R . Numerical analysis performed to analyse how sensitive each parameter is to the disease. Results show that bTB will increase when we increase rates of consuming dairy products and contacts with infected humans and animals, respectively. The basic model then extended by including control parameters to reduce bTB transmission. The effective reproduction number R e 0 decreases as we increase treatment of infected humans, quarantine of infected animals and inspection of the dairy product. However, the standard requirement of effective reproduction number Re to be less than a unit for the disease to clear is not enough because the model undergoes backward bifurcation when R = 1. Numerical analysis carried out to study the long term behaviour of bTB. Simulations show that when control parameters increase, the number of susceptible humans and animals increases, while the number of infected humans and animals decreases. To contained Bovine tuberculosis, there should be the treatment of infected humans, are quarantine of infected animals and dairy products should be inspected.


High and continuous stress can endanger the health of adolescents, where adolescents are the forerunners of the nation's successors. The future of the nation is in their hands. Adolescent girls as teenagers besides being the nation's successors in the field of development also play a role in giving birth to the next generation biologically. As the nation's successor, young women are expected to be healthy so that the quality of the nation's children is physically, psychologically and intellectually healthy. Normally, young women experience menstruation every month with a span of 21-35 days each time they menstruate. The normal menstrual cycle physiologically describes the reproductive organs that tend to be healthy and not problematic. When young women are stressed, it can cause menstrual cycle disorders, This study aims to determine the relationship between stress levels and menstrual cycle disorders in adolescent girls in grades X and XI at the Nafsiah Stabat Health Vocational School in 2022. The type of research used is descriptive correlation with a cross sectional study design. The research was conducted at the Nafsiah Stabat Health Vocational School with a sample of 34 people. Based on the results of the chi-square test using a computer, the results (p value) = 0.000 which is smaller than 0.05 can be concluded that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted at a 5% significance level. So there is a relationship between stress levels and menstrual cycle disorders in adolescent girls at the Nafsiah Stabat Health Vocational School in 2022 at the level of confidence/significant (a) = 5% (0.05) obtained p value = 0.


The final settlement calculation of a single large diameter pile is one of the important procedures in the building foundation design. According to static load test data of large diameter pile from 402 groups in the province, we use multiple regression methods and get an simplified empirical formula about different soil-pile settlement by optimizing the confirmation. Examples of engineering calculation results show that the calculation accuracy using the experienced formula is higher than that calculated using GB "normative foundation," according to physical infrastructure and Mengdelin stress calculation formula. And it also shows local characteristics, such as ease of use.


The Hibernate technology and Grid Portal are described in detail.The technology of developing the grid portal using hibernate are researched.The operation of the database is facilitated,with the introduction of Hibernate technology in the Portal development.And its concrete steps are presented in GridSphere platform.According to the development of physical education resource grid,it fully shows that the use of the Hibernate technology has greatly improved the efficiency of the development of software projects.


In present scenario, the Indian government has announced the demonetization of all Rs 500 and Rs 1000, in reserve bank notes of Mahatma Gandhi series. Indian government has introduced a new Rs 500 and Rs 2000, to reduce fund illegal activity in India. Even then the new notes of fake or bogus currency are circulated in the society. The main objective of this work is used to identify fake currencies among the real. From the currency, the strip lines or continuous lines are detected from real and fake note by using edge detection techniques. HSV techniques are used to saturate the value of an input image. To achieve the enhance reliability and dynamic way in detecting the counterfeit currency.


The article shows the approach to the development of criteria for evaluating the differences between the two varieties of the processes that occur in the generation of high-power output pulses of various power devices, such as wireless electricity transmitting devices. In the proposed article, the method also allows to obtain a quantitative estimation of power parameters of the analyzed device. The mathematical expression was founded the characteristic parameter and signal processing.


In this era where social evolution has led humanity to the Information and Knowledge Society, the job of computer engineers is mainly to detect, recognize and solve problems by finding more and more effective computer solutions. The training of engineers in this regard has a basic characteristic: the need to create a very solid logical-mathematical base, so that their performance will be largely governed by an adequate interpretation of the problem and the next search for the solution. For this reason, the importance of Mathematical Logic and its deep relationship with Computer Science is addressed, specifying its link with the main disciplines: Database, Programming, Software Engineering, Computer Architecture and Artificial Intelligence. It is analyzed, from the point of view of the sciences involved in the formation of the computer engineer, how in each of them the impact of Mathematical Logic is evidenced.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21017/rimci.2019.v6.n12.a65


Marx'thought about community contains harmony between man and nature,man and society,man and man.Realizing everyone's free individuality and free people'all-round development reflects Marxism Social Ideal View.Marx's understanding of the community has experienced the change from the natural community,false community to real community.The real community embodies harmonious unity between people,and nature and society of the state of "harmonious community".The "socialist" of Marxist Philosophy,is that its philosophical thinking is namely the practice thinking mode and the practice thinking logic.Marx's "harmonious community" is based on his philosophical thinking,and forms a harmonious unity about the relationship between man and nature,man and society,man and man which is formed in the process of the inherent regularity of the practice and people's essential strength objectivity.It has an internal relationship between the "Harmonious community" and contemporary China to the building of a harmonious society,and becomes an important theoretical reference and value guide sign about leading China to the harmonious society.This problem should be paid close attention.


A new species, Elaeagnus elongatus Tagane &V.S.Dang is described and illustrated based on materials from Cambodia and Thailand. The new species is similar to E. gaudichaudiana Schltdl. in the size and venation of lamina, the 1(–3) fl ower(s) in axils of new shoots and the 4-angular calyx tube, but is distinct by its larger fl owers, shorter filaments, and much longer pedicels when fruiting.


The subject of this research is the problem of combining (interrelation) of various principles of law used in the framework of law enforcement and other types of legal activity.The purpose of the study is to confirm or refute the hypothesis that the principles of law can not only complement each other, but also "collide" with each other when they are used in the framework of legal activity.The research methodology includes dialectics, systems approach, specific sociological methods, culturological and theoretical-sociological analysis, formal legal method. The author describes the degree of scientific elaboration of the problem in foreign and Russian studies, including works devoted to such related topics as the functions of the principles of law and the system of principles of law, as well as the opinions directly on the issue of R. Dworkin and A. Barak.The main results, scope of application. The author substantiates the presence of at least three ways of combining (interconnecting) the principles of law: (1) addition – the concerted action of several principles; (2) competition – limiting the operation of one principle to another; (3) collision – direct contradiction of one principle to another, their mutual exclusion. The definition of factual circumstances, the choice of applicable rules and their interpretation by court or other enforcement official can be influenced by ideology underlying the prevailing practice or the enforcer's own position. The specificity of a particular ideology is correlated by the author with the use of one or another combination of principles of law when making a law enforcement decision. It is shown in the article with specific examples of so-called "complex cases" from the practice of Russian higher courts. Complementing the principles of law is the predominant way of their relationship, used in law enforcement. It contributes to the preservation of the unity of the system of law. At the same time, the consistent implementation of one principle can limit the possibilities for the implementation of others. It leads to the fact in the process of law enforcement that it is often necessary to make a choice in favor of one of the principles within the framework of their competition. This choice is determined by several factors, including not only the established practice (law enforcement customs and precedents), but also the current social context, the position and interests of the law enforcement officer and the participants in the case. Finally, in some cases, situations are possible when the principles of law are mutually exclusive, come into conflict with each other. This, in particular, can occur when the principles of law belong to different systems (subsystems) of law or reflect the peculiarities of the legal ideology of different historical periods. The article identifies certain patterns of combining the principles of law, examines the importance of this topic for studying the issues of legal monism and legal pluralism, shows the importance of complementarity, competition and conflict of principles of law not only for the law enforcement process, but also for the knowledge of law, criticism of law, lawmaking, powerless implementation rights.Conclusions. Although within the framework of the traditional approach for domestic jurisprudence, the essence of law is associated with the interests and property relations reflected in the law, legal ideology has a relatively independent meaning nevertheless. A certain duality is inherent in legal activity, as a result of which the problems of combining interests are expressed precisely through various options for combining the principles and norms of law. It is proved that the system of principles of law is a complex system in which the same principles can be used in various combinations with each other.


In this paper, a new three-phase four-wire load connected to an autonomous W-H(wind –hydro) hybrid system driven by squirrel cage induction generators SCIG, which hasn't been connecting to the grid and where the windhydro potential exist constantly. The control of voltage and frequency (VFC) are the main important. The wind system driven by variable speed generator. This hybrid system utilizes back-to-back-connected, two IGBT based voltage- source converters (VSCs) with a battery at its dc link. This hybrid system has bidirectional flow of activeand reactive power, which maintains a constant frequency across the load irrespective of any types of load like linear and non linear loads. The performance has verified by MATLAB-9/Simulink-SimPower Systems software,


The Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), also known as Metro, spans three states and serves thousands of customers daily with transportation services. Due to the transit agency's influence on the area, as well as its size, WMATA has countless assets, thus making asset management and resource allocation challenging tasks. To develop a prioritization schema for efficient capital allocation within WMATA's facility, the project's intended goal was to perform an integrated approach with combined Multi - Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methods and Mixed Knapsack. MCDA methods such as Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) were implemented in our evaluation framework to develop ranked alternatives, and for its relative simplicity in logical computations. Additionally, the project applied Mixed Knapsack to develop an optimized model to minimize budget and ensure high-priority projects are not excluded. To evaluate the robustness of the criteria's weights and scoring metrics of the assets, a sensitivity analysis was carried out within the MCDA process. The proposed deliverable, consisting of a user-friendly Power BI dashboard and Excel model, will assist WMATA's Facility Asset Management Office (FAMO) in their initiative to support the capital planning decision-making process within the transit agency. The prioritization tool will also allow transparency of various elements that impact an asset's performance and its direct influence on the Quality-of-service delivery within WMATA


One might imagine that Ibsen was going to finish his statement by referring to the ease with which anyone can rock the boat. He actually concludes: "every one ought to be prepared to take the helm." In a very real sense it is this ability of either husband or wife to "take the helm" at some time or in respect to some rights that gives rise to the peculiarities of tax law as applied to community property. This article is no attempt to plumb the rules of property law; these will be found reviewed elsewhere. It does seek to explore community property taxation in the light of more recent federal statutes, regulations and cases. I


With recent increased interest in paediatric balance disorders it has become apparent that there is need for more paediatric vestibular services in the UK. This paper explores the rationale underpinning service development, and the evidence that supports this. The need for these services to be set up within a child orientated clinical setting is emphasized, as is the importance of a well trained and experienced multidisciplinary paediatric team.


Background: In recent years catheter ablation techniques and strategies have evolved substantially. Despite all the efforts, post-ablation recurrence still has been a key issue and targeting non-PV...


Purpose: Preliminary research early in the COVID-19 pandemic suggested children appeared to be at increased risk for child maltreatment, particularly as parents struggled with mental health and economic strains. To identify the potential affective elements that may contribute to such increased maltreatment risk, the current study focused on whether maternal worry about children's behavior specifically and maternal anger were related to increased risk for neglect or physical or psychological aggression six months into the pandemic. Method: The racially diverse sample included 193 mothers who completed an online survey during late September-early October 2020. Results: Mothers' reported increases in neglect and physical and psychological aggression during the pandemic were significantly related with established measures of maltreatment risk. Furthermore, path models indicated that maternal anger and worry about children's behavior, as well as their interaction, were significantly related to indicators of physical aggression risk and neglect during the pandemic, but only maternal anger related to increased psychological aggression during the pandemic. Conclusions: Maternal worry and anger about children's behavior may be exacerbating risk for maltreatment under the stressful conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings suggest affective reactions of both parental worry and anger focused on child behavior warrants greater empirical attention and consideration in intervention efforts.


Abstract: This article revisits intergenerational learning practices in situation, through the concept of organizational generation and the situated perspective of ba. Through the comparison of fourteen cases of intergenerational learning in France and Japan, it identifies the elements acting as brakes and levers in the genesis, the structuration and the dynamic of intergenerational ba.The role of common identification of generation and appropriation of the strategic project by generations is put forward


The present study analyzes technical aspects of the remediation of contaminated groundwater, and describes the implications that these aspects have in the design of extraction systems, and the effects they have had in remediation policy making and implementation. A case study is presented in which the analysis of pumping schemes for the extraction of the CS-4 plume, at Cape Cod, Massachusetts is performed. Currently, the plume is being contained by a 13-well fence. However, a new plume, termed FS-28 has been recently found, underneath CS-4. This represents an example of the different types of uncertainties encountered in the remediation of groundwater. A three-dimensional, finite-element groundwater model is constructed to analyze the 13-well system performance. Results indicate that the current well fence is performing as designed, and it is robust and flexible. A seven well fence will be an effective alternative scheme to capture the CS-4 plume. However, in order to capture the recently discovered FS-28 plume, major modifications would be necessary. General scientific and technical factors determining the remediation of groundwater are described. The relationship with the social components of the Superfund program is discussed, and a policy review is performed. Results indicate that the technical impracticability of the remediation of groundwater at many sites have determined policy actions. These actions are mainly related to the evaluation of risk, the management of risk, and the need to incorporate public input in the remediation process. Thesis Supervisor: Professor David H. Marks Title: James Mason Crafts Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering


Neutral-current data are reanalyzed incorporating arbitrary mixings among an arbitrary number of lepton generations. Within experimental uncertainties, the determination of electron neutral-current couplings is unaltered. For inelastic ..nu../sub ..mu../ (nu-bar/sub ..mu../) scattering to give a value of sin/sup 2/theta consistent with this, ..mu.. flavor must remain isolated from all others.


The article analyzes the sanitary and parasitological state of water bodies in the Astrakhan region in 20152019. A total of 16683 laboratory studies of water samples were conducted during the analyzed period. The number of samples taken from various environmental objects was 15253 (91,4%), of which 2595 (17%) were water samples taken from various water bodies. Of the last 82 (3,2%), samples did not meet sanitary standards. Centralized water supply was tested for parasitic contamination in 666 (25,7%) samples, swimming pool water in 947 (36,5%) samples, open water (river water) in 696 (26,8%) and wastewater in 286 (11%) samples. Of the 635 (24,5%) water samples collected in 2015, 14 (2,2%) did not meet hygiene standards. Of the 671 (25,9%) samples taken in 2016, 32 (4,8%) samples showed positive findings. Percentage of water samples collected and examined in 2017 it accounted for 463 (17,8%) of all water samples studied during the analyzed period, of which 14 (3%) did not meet sanitary standards. The share of water samples selected and tested for parasitic indicators in 2018 was 518 (22,4%), of which 18 (3,5%) samples did not meet the hygiene standards. In 2019, compared to previous years, the number of water samples taken for parasitic indicators decreased several times and amounted to 308 (11,9%), of which positive findings were noted in 4 (1,3%) samples. The absence of positive findings in water samples taken from Central water supply facilities indicates high-quality filtration and prevention of these facilities. The presence of cysts of pathogenic intestinal protozoa, as well as eggs and larvae of helminths in water samples taken from swimming pools and open reservoirs indicates fecal contamination of these objects. The presence of positive findings in wastewater samples indicates that sewage treatment plants do not provide reliable deworming and disinfection of wastewater.


1. Introduction Most concurrent object-oriented languages identify objects with processes. This permits separate objects to execute concurrently, but does not allow parallelism within an object. BLAZE 2, the object-oriented successor of BLAZE [7], is designed to allow multiple threads of control flow to execute within each object. One can think in terms of a client-server model, in which the goal is to allow large numbers of "clients" to be simultaneously served by a single "server" object.


Even with great importance to the establishment of the first human groups, the rivers in the cities are presented as evil environments understood by the locals around its. Urban rivers are degraded environments in Brazil, devalued and denied by society. These spaces have become "invisible" in many Brazilian cities. In some cities, they serve as housing access alternative to a mass of needy people who can not afford a safe space in the city. Thus set up as the main purpose of this dissertation analyze, from a case study, as residents who live near the river Capibaribe, in Sao Lourenco da Mata, Pernambuco, perceive and live with this fluvial environment. The approach method used was phenomenological, and the technique used for the apprehension of conceptions was the application of semi-structured interviews, which aimed to know the different desires, frustrations and ideas of stakeholders regarding the researched area. It was concluded that there is a strong feeling of revolt and indignation on the part of the actors interviewed about the situation that the river is, leaving them a desire to revitalization and improvement for the same.


The present invention various types of monitors, and displaying the office automation equipment, an image signal such as a personal computer or a word processor, for example panel monitor, the display used in the lighting device for a display device, and indoor and outdoor spaces to be used for a TV monitor device or suitable like signboard resin for the light pipe pressure and publishing an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing the same. The present invention provides a light guide plate and the luminance uniformity ratio of 80% or more resin pressure Publishing and a method of manufacturing the case of using as in a board within a thickness of 2 to 15 mm, ± 1% of the thickness setting thickness of the liquid crystal display backlight device . A light guide plate, a resin pressure Publishing, methacrylic resin, the bank


The purpose of this paper is, while discussing in detail Helmut Rusmann's theory of judicial factfinding, to demonstrate how probability theory can be used in dealing with a situation where the court has not obtained full evidence, but probability assumptions are possible with regard to circumstantial evidence.

After giving a brief overview of provisions of German law which include the concept of probability, elementary features of probability calculus and statistical inference are outlined. The focus of the discussion of Rusmann's theory is on evaluating testimony and on combining the impact of several pieces of evidence which bear on the same event or proposition; the relevant concepts of Ekelof, Schreiber, Rusmann and Dempster are analyzed and then compared with a new proposal. The paper concludes that alternative approaches to probability need not be invoked; ,classical' probability calculus seems to best cope with the questions courts are confronted with in situations such as discussed in the paper.


The progess and development of science and technology enable
us to consume variety of foods. Consequently, care should be
taken by moslems, as foods they consume might contain
unlawful (haram) ingredients, particularly those produced by
non moslem countries. Such unlawful ingredients are briefly
illustrated.
Gelatin is widely used in the production of ice cream,
confectionaries, and cocoa products. Gelatine is a proteine
obtained from animal collagen (cow, pig, sheep) by a certain
chemical process. Without particular request pig is usually
employed. In addition, care should also be taken upon animal
products which were not sloughtered in accordance with Islamic
law.
Apart from beverages alcohol is quite common in medical and
cosmetical preparation. It is suggested, therefore, every moslem
notices the component of ingredients in food products as well
as medical and cosmetical preparation.
The role and significance of biotechology is also shortly
illustrated, particulary in connection with medication, production
of medicines, and criminal.


Dr. Meier: I am glad that I got a rise out of Canon Hamilton with my criticism of Calabresi's proposal. I do want to say that I am not at all opposed to making good to patients who have been damaged in a trial for their suffering. What I do say (and I will argue with hirn later) is that the occasions on which that opportunity is before us are, I believe, very few. I don't think it provides a very powerful or widely applicable tool to meet our obligations.


Why do some civil wars feature the mass killing of civilians while others do not? Recent research answers this question by adopting a 'varieties of civil war' approach that distinguishes between guerrilla and conventional civil wars. One particularly influential claim is that guerrilla wars feature more civilian victimization because mass killing is an attractive strategy for states attempting to eliminate the civilian support base of an insurgency. In this article, I suggest that there are two reasons to question this 'draining the sea' argument. First, the logic of 'hearts and minds' during guerrilla wars implies that protecting civilians – not killing them – is the key to success during counterinsurgency. Second, unpacking the nature of fighting in conventional wars gives compelling reasons to think that they could be particularly deadly for civilians caught in the war's path. After deriving competing predictions on the relationship between civil war type and mass killing, I offer an empirical test by pairing a recently released dataset on the 'technology of rebellion' featured in civil wars with a more nuanced dataset of mass killing than those used in several previous studies. Contrary to the conventional wisdom, I find that mass killing onset is more likely to occur during conventional wars than during guerrilla wars.


Pt-modified RuO2 was prepared by a sol−gel procedure on titanium substrates in the form of thin films of ∼2-μm thickness. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed that these films actually consist of Pt nanoparticles dispersed in RuO2 and that neither metallic Ru nor Pt−Ru alloy are present on the surface. Electrodes with different Pt:Ru nominal compositions were prepared and their electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol was investigated by potential sweeps and chronoamperometry. The results obtained show an enhancement effect for methanol oxidation that can be interpreted as associated to the formation of hydrous oxides on the RuO2 surface.


The Domain Name System (DNS) is a complex hierarchical system of distributed database which are dependent upon each other of network users. In this paper, we explain the concept of DNS that including the structure, the components, the security and the resource records types. Also we present the DNS security proposal using complex public key to increase the security of protection that will be used to efficiently build a trust from a DNS root to the authoritative server. A proposed complex public key binds to a secret key and it is garneted by using secret key cryptographic techniques.


This article presents a 25-bit dual sided, passive chipless RFID tag. The novelty of research relies on the concept of utilizing ground area of tag to incorporate alternating metals and slits in reference to the structure on top of the substrate, hence yielding high code density. Compared to previous latest research, the structure and data capacity are significantly improved. The tag has been designed and analyzed on low-cost FR-4 substrate along with copper as radiator to label up to $2^{25}$ number of unique objects in frequency band of 4.5-12.5 GHz while staying in 27 $\mathrm{x}12.5\text{mm}^{2}$ dimensions. This paper yields pathways towards wireless tracking of things via battery-less passive miniaturized transponder.


We define a Riemannian structure as a pre-homogeneous geometric structure with curvature R. We show that R=0 if and only if the underlying metric has constant curvature. We define pre-homogeneous geometric structures and pose some problems.


Concerning the variability of the depth "h", we agree that the paper may, in its present form, lead to confusion. The depth does vary between different runs, and this will be discussed in more detail in the revised manuscript. In particular, we will discuss the correlation between the pycnocline depth, wind stress and vertical diffusivity. We will also make clear the connection between the scaling discussed and the pressure.


This paper consists of two part. The first part is the result concerning a vanishing theorem of cohomology groups on a pseudoconvex open subset for holomorphic functions with expo‐ nential growth at infinity given in [1]. In the second part, we show that the sheaf of locally integrable functions of exponential type is a subsheaf of the sheaf of Laplace hyperfunctions. §


In time-varying scientific datasets, the temporal evolution of interesting topological features is commonly displayed and explored using isosurfaces and tracking graphs. However, the visual representation of such tracking graphs supports only few interactive capabilities. Further, they capture information at a high level that requires specification of carefully chosen parameter values. To bridge this gap, we propose persistenceBundles, a flexible visualization metaphor that utilizes a hierarchical edge-bundling approach for visualizing tracked features using persistence hierarchies, and implicitly allows for intuitive interaction schemes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using the viscous finger dataset.


We review recent measurements of the properties of the top quark by the D0 experiment: the decay width of the top quark, the CKM matrix element $V_{tb}$, the helicity of the $W$ boson, anomalous couplings at the $Wtb$ vertex, violation of invariance under Lorentz transformations, and the asymmetry of $\ttbar$ production due to the strong colour charge. The measurements are performed using data samples of up to 5.4 \fb\ acquired by the D0 experiment in Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron $p\bar p$ collider at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt s=1.96 \TeV$.


Oxygenated compounds were obtained from methane and carbon dioxide using the unconventional activation by dielectric barrier discharge plasma. The process was performed using a multiphase feed composed of methane, liquid water and carbon dioxide as oxidizing agent. The effect of the CH4/CO2 ratio as well as the flow of liquid water were investigated. The results show that the presence of liquid water in the reactor favors the formation of oxygenated compounds. A direct proportional relation between the flow of water, concentration of methane in the gaseous feed (in the presence of water) and the amount of the produced oxygenates was observed. The highest value of selectivity towards oxygenated compounds was 21.2%, with methanol and formic acid being the main products formed.


BACKGROUND
Avian salmonellosis affects the poultry industry in underdeveloped and in developed countries. The aim of this study was to identify the most common Salmonella serovars in broilers and laying breeding reproducers in Eastern Algeria according to the ISO 6579 method.

METHODOLOGY
A total of 294 samples were obtained from two flocks of 10,000 broilers and laying breeding reproducers. Samples included livers and spleens, drag swabs of bottom boxes of young chickens, cloacal swabs, and faecal samples of chickens. Additional samples were also taken from water, feed and dusty surfaces.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Only the cloacal swabs, poultry faeces and samples from dusty surfaces were positive for Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Livingstone with a detection rate of 12% and 1.6% respectively. The results showed evidence of legislative failure regarding biosafety within the poultry industry in the area of Batna, Eastern Algeria.


Digital audio watermarking is a technique for embedding additional data along with audio signal. Embedded data is used for copyright owner identification. A number of audio watermarking techniques are proposed. These techniques exploit different ways in order to embed a robust watermark and to maintain the original audio signal fidelity. This paper makes a tutorial in general digital watermarking principles and focus on describing digital audio watermarking techniques. These techniques are classified according to the domain where the watermark is embedded.


Based on the situation of only one vendor and one buyer,and according to the study of the order and transportation policies of the two situations,the benefit of the supplier alone and the benefit of both the supplier and the buyer,the optimal ordering size and the number of deliveries are successfully obtained.Besides that,a new cost factor,the cost of losing flexibility for the buyer,is takn into the model upon some of the relative studies,in order to quantify the risk of long contract.The result of the study indicates that,the model which considers the benefit of both the buyer and supplier can not only reduce the total cost of the both sides,but effectively enhance the cooperation of both the supplier and the buyer.


Establishing an in-situ conservation reserve is one of the strategic approaches to conserving an ecosystem and protecting it from immediate threats, including deforestation and land-use conversion. Kalimantan is one of the islands in Indonesia that is currently threatened by deforestation. To protect East Kalimantan diversity, mainly in Balikpapan, an in-situ conservation reserve has been established in Gunung Sepuluh Timur (GST) forest. In contrast, the information on tree diversity and how the presence of tree community within the forest can benefit the ecosystem are still limited. This research aims to assess the potential benefits and carbon storage of the GST conservation forest. The assessment method applied tree, pole, and sapling surveys combined with forest cover analysis using GIS and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) approaches. The GST contained 56 tree species, 25 pole species, and 16 sapling species. Diversity (H') at tree stages was the highest (H' = 0.759; 95%CI: 0.64-0.88) and H' at sapling stages was the lowest (H' = 0.719; 95%CI: 0.51-0.92). The carbon service potential of GST forest was 87.04 t C/ha on average. It was estimated that the economic benefits of GST in sequestering carbon based on the compliance market rate were equal to US$ 189,758/year.


ABSTRACT--- Uptake  of   nickel(II)   ions  from  solution  are studied  using  strong  base  anion   resin   ( Lewatit  M500 , counter  ions  of  Cl - )  and  dimethylglyoxime   ( 2,3-butanedione dioxime ,  H 2 DMG) as chelating agent. This study was conducted to determine optimum condition of chelate resin preparation for uptake of nickel(II)  ions  from  solution. The research used batch and column techniques. Batch technique was used to determine the best contact time at  chelate  resin preparation, capacity  of chelate resin ( mg Ni 2+ / g), effect of pH stripping  (pH 1- 5)  and  pH  of  nickel(II)   solution  (pH 4 - 10)   to   capacity   of  chelate resin  as  well  as  effect of  pH  backwash  (pH 1- 5)  to  percentage  of  nickel(II)  ions  recovery. Column  technique  was  used  for  uptake of  nickel(II) ions  from  waste   water of  industrial  of  metal  veneering. Column flow rate was kept constant at 2 mL/ minute. Nickel(II) ions which were not removed by chelate resin was quantitatively  analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometer at wavelength  of 232,00 nm. Result  of  the  research   revealed   the   best   contact   time  at chelate  resin preparation   was  120 - 240   minutes   for   variation  of  contact  time   from  0 to 240 minutes to each 25 gram strong base anion resin. Capacity of chelate resin was obtained about 0,209 to 0,214 mg Ni 2+ / g chelate resin. Capacity of  chelate   resin  decreased  progressively  after  process of   stripping  that was  0,217 - 0 mg Ni 2+ / g  from pH of 5 to 1. The best range pH of nickel(II) solution was obtained at pH of 6 to  7 with capacity of chelate resin from 0,239 to 0,241 mg Ni 2+ / g and selected at pH 6. Percentage recovery of nickel(II) ions increased 21,966 to 75,314% from pH backwash of 5 to 1. With column technique, chelate resin capacity was obtained 0,208 mg Ni 2+ / g and breakthrough point was reached when flow times reached in 60 to 80 minutes. Permalink : http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/sm/article/view/2854


This paper presents a novel algorithm to numerically decompose mixed signals in a collaborative
way, given supervision of the labels that each signal contains. The decomposition is formulated as an
optimization problem incorporating nonnegative constraint. A nonnegative data factorization solution is
presented to yield the decomposed results. It is shown that the optimization is efficient and decreases the
objective function monotonically. Such a decomposition algorithm can be applied on multilabel training
samples for pattern classification. The real-data experimental results show that the proposed algorithm
can significantly facilitate the multilabel image classification performance with weak supervision.


This is an interim report of a program of social research designed to aid the Puerto Rican people to come to grips with their baffling problem of population control. The atmosphere in Puerto Rico is particularly favorable for joining research and action planning. Numerous government agencies employ social scientists in their research divisions. The Governor and his cabinet keep in close touch with the research programs of the University of Puerto Rico looking for possible solutions to their most vexing problems. Given the problem of increasing population pressure in Puerto Rico it was therefore no accident that the Social Science Research Center of the University included among its programs of research the study of population dynamics in the island. (excerpt)


An ionic liquid (IL) monomer of (acryloyloxy)propanylimidazolium chloride with unsaturated carbon–carbon double bonds was synthesized. The IL monomer clung to sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) polymer owing to the electrostatic attraction between its cations and sulfonic groups. Polymerized ionic liquid (PIL) crosslinked with the SPEEK matrix after the in situ polymerization of the unsaturated carbon–carbon double bonds in the system of SPEEK/PIL. As a result, the SPEEK/PIL membrane displays a better performance in terms of tensile stress and chemical stability compared to those for the SPEEK/IL membrane. In order to improve the proton conductivity of the SPEEK/PIL membrane, phosphoric acid (PA) molecules were introduced through hydrogen bonds between imidazolium cations and phosphoric acid molecules. In the case of the SPEEK/PIL/PA membrane, a proton-conducting network was formed with more free and continuous phosphoric acid molecule chains owing to more phosphoric acid molecules being doped relative to the SPEEK/IL/PA membrane. The maximum proton conductivity of the SPEEK/PIL/PA membrane was 4.5 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 160 °C under anhydrous conditions and a value of 2.5 × 10−2 S cm−1 was even stable for more than 300 h at 140 °C. Moreover, the SPEEK/PIL/PA membrane possesses satisfactory mechanical properties, such as 2.64 MPa for tensile stress at 120 °C.


and their agents are not liable for any legal actions that may arise involving the article's content, including but not limited to, copyright infringement. Introduction Most people think of the teaching and learning of music as taking place in formal, institutional contexts like schools and universities. This study will look at the transmission of music teaching and learning that takes place in a more informal, musical environment, namely at a popular music festival. 1 In particular, it will discuss the OM music festival, which has taken place for the last six years in northern Ontario, Canada. Through in-depth interviews with four people, individual musical experiences are explored. These individuals' recollections help to demonstrate that there are unique forms of the teaching and learning of musics from a variety of cultures and genres that take place at the OM festival. As such, popular music festivals like the OM festival can be seen as valuable (and relatively unexplored) sources for music educators and sociologists to consider when exploring music education in community contexts. The present analysis of the OM festival is intended to help demonstrate the potential of all kinds of festivals as music education tools. Live performance contexts are integral to musical meaning. Past studies in popular music have looked at the sociological and cultural implications of live performances at distinction between single concerts or club experiences and the multiple, consecutive and outdoor format that performances tend to follow at music festivals. Popular music festivals have been, and continue to be, widespread and well attended in the United States, Canada, European countries, and in many other countries all over the world. Since the groundbreaking Monterey festival in 1967, followed by the historical events at Woodstock in 1969, many musicologists have written historically and sociologically about these and other significant popular and folk music festivals but very little, if any consideration has been given to the role these festivals may play in community music teaching and learning. The unique context of the outdoor music festival has been, if not acknowledged outright, then certainly implied in much writing about these festivals. Many newspaper, magazine articles and websites about music festivals discuss the great atmosphere that is created at these outdoor events. 2 Interestingly, it seems that even the owners of popular nightclubs have recognized the uniqueness of the outdoors as a context for taking in favorite popular music performances. When discussing the trendy, …


For high-speed rail with high energy consumption, the recovery and utilization of regenerative braking energy is essential to improve the energy consumption of high-speed rail. As a technical link, the energy bidirectional feed inductively coupled power transfer (ICPT) system can realize the regenerative braking energy recovery of the contactless traction power supply system. Furthermore, considering that the braking energy of the high-speed rail is the largest when entering the station during the whole line operation, the braking section of the station is mainly considered. This paper proposes a preset control method for segmented power supply of the energy bidirectional feed ICPT system considering regenerative braking energy recovery. By establishing the steady-state mathematical model of the bidirectional ICPT system, the influence of the internal phase-shift angles φ1 and φ2 and the external phase-shift angle γ on the operating state of the system is analyzed. To realize system synchronization under the operation of EMUs, a train braking model is established through force analysis, and a power preset controller is designed to realize the synchronous control of the power flow of the bilateral system. According to the braking process of the train entering the station, the switching control method of the segment coil under the different conditions of the single train entering the station and the multitrain entering the station is proposed to ensure the reliability and flexibility of the train power supply. The simulation results of the 350 kW ICPT system simulation model show that the system can operate stably when the power transmission simulation is switched, and the transmission efficiency can reach 89%, which proves the feasibility of the control method. Energy-saving estimates show that a single train can recover about 200–300 kWh of electric energy during single braking. The comparison with the measured data verifies the accuracy of the modeling in this paper.


Climate change is a global crisis, latest estimate by the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change [1] shows that a business as usual scenario will lead to an increase in global mean temperature of about 10C above the present value by the year 2025 and 30C before the end of the next century. The debate on climate change has been generating a lot of interest at both the national, regional and international level. Often a times, more emphasis/ focus is placed on the industrialist, the politicians, bureaucrats, and the list goes on… with little and a times passive attention given to the farmer (rural /dwellers) whose cumulative actions can either directly or indirectly make such policies to succeed or fail. The Sudano-Sahelian region of Nigeria is roughly located on longitude 30 and 150 East and latitude 100 and 140 North. The zone is characterized by persistent drought, wet and dry spells [3], declining rainfall intensities and increasing the dry season [4 & 5] summarized all these anomalies and confirms that there has been climate change in rainfall regions in the area. The anticipated effects of climate changes on agriculture is what this study attempts to understand. The paper examines the effects of climate change on agriculture (crop production), the coping strategy been adopted and the level of its intensity. This in turn would aid the policy makers and Non-governmental Organization to articulate the plight of the local/rural dwellers in the Sudano-Sahelian region and perhaps bring succor to them. The Settlements that were chosen are Kalalawa village (Long 5.0241 and lat 13.2101) in Kware Local Government Area (LGA) of Sokoto state; Zangon Buhari (long 8.5501 and lat 11.6631) in Bunkure LGA of Kano state; and Chingowa (long 12.8881 and lat 12.5371) in Magumeri LGA of Borno state. Tools used for the generation of field data were questionnaire and focus group discussion (FGD), descriptive and inferential statistical technique were employed in the analysis of the data. The findings reveal that millet, sorghum, and beans appear to be the staple food crop, which significantly vary within the region. Most of the farm plots are owned by the farmers. Rainfall both in terms of intensity and duration has been on a decline, while temperature conditions have been on the increased. Among some the effects are decline in crop yield which has attracted the application of fertilizer, drying of water sources, abandoning of farmlands, and migration. The recommendations are improve farming systems/practices, planting of trees, sinking of boreholes/ water facilities, Government assistance, and prayers to God are the only way forward.


We present a mean-field model to describe condensates in the BEC-BCS crossover regime based on pairs of fermionic atoms. By introducing an effective potential, the mean-field equation allows us to calculate the chemical potential, the equation of states, and the atomic correlation function. The results agree surprisingly well with recent many-body calculations. We show that the smooth crossover from the bosonic mean-field repulsion between molecules to the Fermi pressure among atoms is associated with the evolution of the atomic correlation function.


Sustainability of agricultural practices is a suitable concept to evaluate both agronomic and economic performances of conventional agriculture and conservation agriculture. In this study, the concept of sustainability is analysed through its three main components: economic sustainability also called economic efficiency, dealing with the ability of the farming system to ensure sufficient and competitive output production to fulfil market and population needs; social sustainability or social equity, dealing with agricultural ability to ensure equitable revenue or return to different stakeholders of the agricultural production chain; ecological sustainability, dealing with intergenerational preservation of the environment referring here to the sum of natural resources used to ensure agricultural production such as soil fertility. Ecological sustainability is commonly the only aspect of sustainability taken into account by agronomists. Sustainability of conventional agriculture is addressed in this study in small-scale cottonbased agriculture surveys in northern Cameroon. Economic efficiency of cotton in conventional agriculture is analysed through a multi-year data base of a permanent agricultural survey of SODECOTON (Cotton Development Company), while social equity is addressed based on different production cost distribution within cotton production stakeholders. Ecological sustainability is analysed through agronomic variables such as yield variation over time, and mainly soil fertility evolution. Results of the study revealed that economic efficiency of cotton cultivation in conventional agriculture, after attaining acceptable levels in the early 1990's mainly due to high yields and prices and low inputs cost, is now declining. Fertiliser prices for example varied from 500 US $ per ton in 2005 to more than 1000 US $ per ton in 2008. Social equity even if strongly reinforced by an equalizing prices approach and inputs cost determination system, is limited with a high ecological differentiation between ecological areas varying from 600 mm rainfall in the far north to 1200 mm rainfall in the south of the cotton belt, hence affecting different respective yields. As for soil fertility, decreasing yields and increasing expenditures on fertilisers and other water harvesting and soil conservation technologies revealed progressive weak response of soil resource to cropping systems management. Conservation agriculture appears to be a suitable alternative to conventional production systems for small-scale cotton based agriculture to attain the three main objectives of a sustainable agriculture, since it can ensure economic efficiency of the farming system, a better social equity and a better soil resource management. (Resume d'auteur)


The purpose of these experiments and analysis was to augment the heating database and tools used for assessment of impact-induced shallow-cavity damage to the thermal protection system of the Space Shuttle Orbiter. The effect of length and depth on the local heating disturbance of rectangular cavities tested at hypersonic freestream conditions has been globally assessed using the two-color phosphor thermography method. These rapid-response experiments were conducted in the Langley 31-Inch Mach 10 Tunnel and were initiated immediately prior to the launch of STS-114, the initial flight in the Space Shuttle Return-To-Flight Program, and continued during the first week of the mission. Previously-designed and numerically-characterized blunted-nose baseline flat plates were used as the test surfaces. Three-dimensional computational predictions of the entire model geometry were used as a check on the design process and the two-dimensional flow assumptions used for the data analysis. The experimental boundary layer state conditions were inferred using the measured heating distributions on a no-cavity test article. Two test plates were developed, each containing 4 equally-spaced spanwise-distributed cavities. The first test plate contained cavities with a constant length-to-depth ratio of 8 with design point depth-to-boundary-layer-thickness ratios of 0.1, 0.2, 0.35, and 0.5. The second test plate contained cavities with a constant design point depth-to-boundary-layer-thickness ratio of 0.35 with length-to-depth ratios of 8, 12, 16, and 20. Cavity design parameters and the test condition matrix were established using the computational predictions. Preliminary results indicate that the floor-averaged Bump Factor (local heating rate nondimensionalized by upstream reference) at the tested conditions is approximately 0.3 with a standard deviation of 0.04 for laminar-in/laminar-out conditions when the cavity length-to-boundary-layer thickness is between 2.5 and 10 and for cavities in the depth-to-boundary-layer-thickness range of 0.3 to 0.8. Over this same range of conditions and parameters, preliminary results also indicate that the maximum Bump Factor on the cavity centerline falls between 2.0 and 2.75, as long as the cavity-exit conditions remain laminar. Cavities with length-to-boundary-layer-thickness ratio less than 2.5 can not be easily classified with this approach and require further analysis.


In this paper we introduce a new way to deal with Grid portals referring to our implementation. L-GRID is a light portal to access the EGEE/EGI Grid infrastructure via Web, allowing users to submit their jobs from a common Web browser in a few minutes, without any knowledge about the Grid infrastructure. It provides the control over the complete lifecycle of a Grid Job, from its submission and status monitoring, to the output retrieval. The system, implemented as client-server architecture, is based on the Globus Grid middleware. The client side application is based on a java applet; the server relies on a Globus User Interface. There is no need of user registration on the server side, and the user needs only his own X.509 personal certificate. The system is user-friendly, secure (it uses SSL protocol, mechanism for dynamic delegation and identity creation in public key infrastructures), highly customizable, open source, and easy to install. The X.509 personal certificate does not get out from the local machine. It allows to reduce the time spent for the job submission, granting at the same time a higher efficiency and a better security level in proxy delegation and management.


The physical properties of Carbon nanotubes on the basis of summarizing the preparation and construction of nanotubes were expounded in the paper and application prospects of nanotubes were also introduced?


Software and non-software development organizations have increasingly adopted agile because of its good practices. In spite of its success, knowledge of the impacts of agile practices and how it could improve communication and customer collaboration in information development is yet to be well established in most of these organizations. Especially in companies that produces technical documentation ( information development). This article presents the results from a study which examined the impact of agile practices on effective communication and customer collaboration within information development teams. The research was carried out as a case study at Sigma Kudos AB. where eight participants within a project were compared from the communication and collaboration perspective. The goal of the study is see the benefits that the practices brings to the organization and their customer. Keyword: Information development, communication, collaboration, agile practices


Shear walls are effective structural elements used mainly in multi-story buildings to provide resistance against lateral loadings such as earthquake and wind loadings. There are several types and shapes of shear walls depending mainly on geometry and height of the building. Both type and shape of the shear wall affect the efficiency of resisting lateral loadings. In this study, fifty six building models have been analyzed using the finite element method by using the SAP2000 V14 computer program. Each model have ten stories, subjected to earthquake loadings, with various numbers of bays, and with three types of shear walls, namely: side shear walls, middle shear core, and double shear cores, provided that each type of the shear walls (or cores) has the same material volume. The analysis outputs have been investigated to select the appropriate type and location of the shear walls (or cores) for the multi-story buildings subjected to earthquake loadings. Specified conclusions have been presented to obtain the optimum behavior for the multi-story buildings under the effects of earthquake loadings.


This article takes the main forest type in Saihanba area as the research object,and researches the shrub layer and herbal layer biodiversity of understory vegetation using α diversity index and β diversity index.Results indicate that the richness index of herbal layer is greater than that of the shrubs layer among all forest stand types.In the shrub layer,the largest Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes appear in the stands of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica Litv.and Populus davidiana with the smallest diversity index in Larix principis-rupprechtii,while in the herbal layer,the stand with the largest Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity index are Larix principis-rupprechtii,and Betula platyphylla,with Populus davidiana the smallest.In terms of uniformity indexes of Jsw and Jsi,the shrub layer shows the stand of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica Litv.is the largest but Larix principis-rupprechtii the smallest.However,the maximum Jsw and Jsi indexes appear in the herbal layer of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica Litv.and,Larix principis-rupprechtii,respectively while there exist unobvious Jsw and Jsi differences in Betula platyphylla and Populus davidiana.The research on β diversity shows that there exist larger dissimilarity coefficients between the shrub layer and the herbal layer among different forest stand types with relatively fewer common species.


In order to promote the practice and innovation abilities of college students,expedite the construction and reform in the experimental teaching laboratory,accelerate the conformity and sharing for high quality education resources,upgrade the levels and qualities of teaching,this article introduced some experiences in constructing the national experimental teaching demonstration center.


A method for forming a filtration media from waste media includes combining the waste media with a binder to form a dry mixture, adding a liquid composition to the dry mixture to form a slurry, and extruding the slurry to form a filtration media. The waste media may include fines or oversized media resulting from a prior media production process that have been subjected to a hydration process. The waste media may be ground and sized prior to combining it with the binder. The binder may include clay, cellulose materials, and combinations thereof. The liquid composition may include water and optionally one or more additional additives selected from the group consisting of permanganates, acids, bases, amines and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the slurry is extruded into a honeycomb matrix.


Limited evidence from three randomized controlled trials provide mixed results for LIPUS treatment of acute tibial fractures compared with a placebo treatment in both operatively and nonoperatively managed injuries. One operatively managed study indicated a reduced time to healing may occur with LIPUS compared with placebo, but another operatively managed study suggested no difference between the two treatments. Both studies had relatively small sample sizes. One older study that utilized nonoperative management of the tibial fractures reported better results with LIPUS compared with the control treatment


A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Received: 14 June, 2017 Accepted: 10 July, 2017 Online: 23 July, 2017 The era of big data has witnessed the explosion of tensor datasets, and large scale Probabilistic Tensor Factorization (PTF) analysis is important to accommodate such increasing trend of data. Sparsity, and Cold-Start are some of the inherent problems of recommender systems in the era of big data. This paper proposes a novel Sentiment-Based Probabilistic Tensor Analysis technique senti-PTF to address the problems. The propose framework first applies a Natural Language Processing technique to perform sentiment analysis taking advantage of the huge sums of textual data generated available from the social media which are predominantly left untouched. Although some current studies do employ review texts, many of them do not consider how sentiments in reviews influence recommendation algorithm for prediction. There is therefore this big data text analytics gap whose modeling is computationally expensive. From our experiments, our novel machine learning sentiment-based tensor analysis is computationally less expensive, and addresses the cold-start problem, for optimal recommendation prediction.


PWM (pulse-width modulated) inverter-fed induction motor drives are being used in greater numbers throughout the rubber and plastics industries. However, PWM inverters should be applied with special consideration for low-voltage induction motor operation. The power supplied to the motor by a PWM inverter has some adverse effects, which are described. These effects include increased heating, high-peak voltages, and increased audible noise. The impact these effects have on the given application are discussed. This work is for process control engineers, electrical engineers, and mechanical engineers that are applying PWM inverter-fed low voltage induction motors, not those designing them.<<ETX>>


Objective To investigate mental health of divers and its relationship with age, education and only-child. Methods Naval divers were tested in group with Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). Results Factor scores of SCL-90 of divers were all lower than the norm. There was no significant difference between the scores of divers and diver students, both were higher than those of recruits. Education correlated significantly with all factors except for phobic anxiety. Age correlated significantly with somatization, anxiety, phobic anxiety and psychotism. There was no significant correlation between mental health and only-child. Conclusion Divers are good in mental health, which is affected by education and age.


In summer 2019 the SARSense campaign was held in Jülich, Germany, to provide insights into the potentials and specifications of the ESA Copernicus candidate mission ROSE-L (Radar Observation System for Europe). ROSE-L will consist of two satellites that carry a polarimetric L-band SAR. Since the L-band signal can penetrate through many natural materials such as vegetation, dry snow and ice, the mission will provide additional information that cannot be gathered by the Copernicus Sentinel-1 C-band SAR mission. The overall objective of the SARSense 2019 campaign is to analyze the mission design concerning its potential for agricultural monitoring services including target applications such as soil moisture monitoring, irrigation management, crop type discrimination, food security and precision farming. The SARSense in situ measurements of soil moisture, soil temperature, vegetation properties, UAS-based multispectral and thermal mapping, as well as the airborne SAR observations are presented as well as strategies for soil moisture retrieval and first analysis.


AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have demonstrated great potential for microwave power transmitter applications as required by phased array radar and wireless base stations. In this paper, we report on state-of-the-art power density generated from large gate periphery AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. At 2.8 GHz, 7 W/mm gate periphery (14.7 W total) was obtained under pulsed conditions from 2.1 mm gate periphery devices and 5 W/mm (42 W total) pulsed power was demonstrated from 2/spl times/4.2 mm gate periphery devices. At 10 GHz, 9.2 W/mm (13.8 W total) power was obtained under pulsed conditions from 1.5 mm gate periphery devices with drain bias up to 55 V. The 4/spl times/4.2 mm (16.8 mm/sup 2/) multiple-die hybrid power amplifiers at 2.8 GHz and 4/spl times/1.5 mm (6 mm/sup 2/) multiple-die package at 10 GHz were also evaluated.


EVA was designed by Stern Stewart Co. in1989. As a useful management tool, it can be used not only in analyzing the management performence of enterprise, which is a method to allocate the awards for management personnel, but also in the fields of enterprises merging, capital budgeting and assessment of securities investment. This article mainly analyzes the relations between EVA and MVA and proves the equivalent of MVA and NPV in assessment of project investment.


Universities entrepreneurial culture is an important part of campus culture,entrepreneurs is the core of entrepreneurship. The construction of scientific effectiveness evaluation system is an important topic on strengthening and promoting the entrepreneurship education for college students and the work of talents training. The black box theory in Control Theory can provide ideas and references for the evaluation of the training of college student entrepreneurs. Combined with the target of the work on college students entrepreneurship education to train the evaluation indicators of training effectiveness,this paper explores the operational paths of training effectiveness evaluation mechanism and build an evaluation system whose main contents are "information collection,information processing,evaluation feedback,incentive upgrade".


Organizational mindfulness( OM) is the application of mindfulness concept at organizational level. The description of OM in domestic literature has not yet occurred. This paper makes a comprehensive review on the literature concerning organizational reliability,mindfulness,and so on. By doing so,we not only make a thorough analysis of mindfulness,but explore its nature and application in order to stimulate more relevant research on mindfulness in China.


It is proposed to establish a Photon Data Section (PDS) of the BNL National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC). This would be a total program encompassing both photon-atom and photon-nucleus interactions. By utilizing the existing NNDC data base management expertise and on-line access capabilities, the implementation of photon interaction data activities within the existing NNDC nuclear structure and nuclear-reaction activities can reestablish a viable photon interaction data program at minimum cost. By taking advantage of the on-line capabilities, the x-ray users` community will have access to a dynamic, state-of-the-art data base of interaction information. The proposed information base would include data that presently are scattered throughout the literature usually in tabulated form. It is expected that the data bases would include at least the most precise data available in photoelectric cross sections, atomic form factors and incoherent scattering functions, anomalous scattering factors, oscillator strengths and oscillator densities, fluorescence yields, Auger electron yields, etc. It could also include information not presently available in tabulations or in existing data bases such as EXAFS (extended x-ray absorption fine structure) reference spectra, chemical bonding induced shifts in the photoelectric absorption edge, matrix corrections, x-ray Raman, and x-ray resonant Raman cross sections. The data base willmore » also include the best estimates of the accuracy of the interaction data as it exists in the data base. It is proposed that the PDS would support computer programs written for calculating scattering cross sections for given solid angles, sample geometries, and polarization of incident x-rays, for calculating Compton profiles, and for analyzing data as in EXAFS and x-ray fluorescence.« less


Several recent demonstrations of two-particle interferometry are reviewed and shown to be examples of either color entanglement or beam entanglement. A device, called a number filter, is described and shown to be of value in preparing beam entanglements. Finally, we note that all three concepts (color and beam entaglement, and number filtering) may be extended to three or more particles.


The Federal Rules of Evidence, an important structural framework for just administration of law, includes Rule 610: "Evidence of the beliefs or opinions of a witness on matters of religion is not admissible for the purpose of showing that by reason of their nature the witness' credibility is impaired or enhanced." This is designed to protect witnesses from being judged for their religious beliefs. Unfortunately, sincerity necessarily goes to credibility, making an inherent contradiction. Rule 610, meanwhile, is limited to a very specific purpose; outside of this narrow use, evidence of religion is not actually excluded. For example, churches often teach a character for non-violence. A person raised in this tradition may, within the confines of Rule 610, presumably put on evidence of this trait. In response, might the prosecution put on some less savory aspects of faith, like an opinion about sexual minorities?Rule 610 should therefore be reworked into something that fully represents the free exercise guarantee: Evidence of an individual's religious beliefs is generally inadmissible.As for the question of sincerity, this should be withheld from a jury and instead considered as a preliminary question for the judge to determine. With these two changes, the unfair prejudices sometimes affiliated with religion can be justly excluded from trial.