The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of the hair coat of the Polish Konik and Hucul pony, focusing on the histological structure and physical parameters of the hair. Hair samples were obtained from 20 mares—10 of each breed. They were collected in winter, from the side of barrel, the mane, the tail, and front and rear fetlock. The hairs from the barrel were divided into overhair and underhair fractions. A higher percentage of underhair (about 70%) as compared to overhair (30%) was noted in both breeds. The overhair of the Polish Konik was about 50% longer than that of the Hucul pony, while the length of underhair did not differ between breeds. Both the overhair and the underhair of the Polish Konik were about 25% thicker than that of the Hucul pony. Elongation of particular types of hair did not differ significantly between the breeds. It was lowest for fetlock hair (about 45%) and highest for mane hair (about 55%). The histological structure of the cuticle layer of the hair did not differ between breeds.


The polystyrene- b -poly(vinyl methylsiloxane) (PS- b -PVMS) main chain was synthesized via the anionic polymerization of styrene and cyclotrisioxane momomer consecutively. The catalytic hydrosililation of vinyl groups with the hydrodisiloxane tethered by liquid crystalline stilbene mesogen unit afforded a diblock copolymer PS- b -PMS(Stb) with the narrow polydispersity ( M N = 52100, M W / M N = 1.25). This diblock copolymer exhibited liquid crystalline phase, and gave a lamellae-like nanostructure in the thin film thermally annealed at higher temperature than the isotropic-to-LC transition point.


A previously reported observation of electrons produced in proton-proton collisions at the CERN ISR was extended to 5 different center-of-mass energies ($Root$s = 23.5, 30.6, 44.8, 52.7 and 62.4 GeV). The apparatus detected electrons with transverse momenta, p*/sub T/, greater than 1.0 GeV/c. The ratio of the electron to pion cross sections in the kinematic region is approximately 10$sup -4$. The momentum spectrum and particle composition of particles emitted with $delta$phi approximately 180$sup 0$ relative to the electrons are found to be similar to those emitted with pions. Results at p*/sub T/ less than 1 GeV/c are presented in another work. (auth)


An ASIC for the readout of signals from X-ray Active Matrix Pixel Sensor (XAMPS) detectors to be used at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is presented. The X-ray Pump Probe (XPP) instrument, for which the ASIC has been designed, requires a large input dynamic range on the order of 104 photons at 8 keV with a resolution of half a photon FWHM. Due to the size of the pixel and the length of the readout line, large input capacitance is expected, leading to stringent requirement on the noise optimization. Furthermore, the large number of pixels needed for a good position resolution and the fixed LCLS beam period impose limitations on the time available for the single pixel readout. Considering the periodic nature of the LCLS beam, the ASIC developed for this application is a time-variant system providing low-noise charge integration, filtering and correlated double sampling. In order to cope with the large input dynamic range a charge pump scheme implementing a zero-balance measurement method has been introduced. It provides an on chip 3-bit coarse digital conversion of the integrated charge. The residual charge is sampled using correlated double sampling into analog memory and measured with the required resolution. The first 64 channel prototype of the ASIC has been fabricated in TSMC CMOS 0.25 μm technology. In this paper, the ASIC architecture and performances are presented.


Palwal is a heritage city, due its monumental aspects. A demon Palwasur ruled here. And later this word became ,Palwal. The city of palwal faced many ruler from ancient to modern era. Here is a temple of Balram .During medieval period ,it was a smallest Ekta. Railway station of palwal is a place from where Mahatama Gandhi was arrested. Key-words: Palwasur ,Heritage, Pandwas, Tomb, Sarai, Hodal , Kos min On 15 August 1979, Gurgaon district was Reconfigured to form the new Faridabad district and Palwal became a part of it. In 2008, Palwal become an independent district with Hodal and hathin Tehsils. Palwal district is located south of Faridabad District. It is bound by Uttar Pradesh on the East, Gurgaon district on the North West and Mewat district on the East. The district is located on national highway no. 2 from Delhi to Mathura. 1 The traditionally District acquired its name from the city of Palwal ,Which got its name from a Demon, "PALWASUR" who ruled this place during the region of the Pandavas. He was killed by Balarama, the elder Brother of Shri Krishan. A festival is organized in Palwal in his memory annually, which is known as "Beldev Chhat ka Mela". The town exists on a very old mound, where various cultures of different eras are lying buried. The Authentic historic significance of the town starts with the date, when it was gifted to the French general De Boigne as Jageer during Maratha Supremacy in Delhi area. After the British conquest over Delhi Area in 1803, Palwal Pargana was bestowed upon Mr. Murtaza Khan 2 on a yearly lease . The Khan couldn"t avail the Jageer for longer time and Pargana lapsed to the British Administration on his death in 1817 AD. Like every other part of present state of Haryana, Palwal area badly affected during the historic rebel of 1857 AD. The pathans of seoli and chirklot tribe meos fought with a group of Rawat Jats continuously for two Months, Bahin and Kot Village were the main assembling places for the miscreants. After the recapture of Delhi by the British, a small contingent of their force eventually arrived in this area. The trend of British during mutiny was against Mohamadans, so that force sided with Rawat Jats. But still the combined party could not suppress the meos due to timely rein forcement of hostile mutineers arriving there. 3 Before mutiny, this area was under North-West provinces with Agra head quarters. But in 1858 AD, whole of this region was placed under Punjab, including Delhi as a District. As per historical documents, the town of Palwal had a fort in older times and a large Sarai on its Southern end. Though no signs of that fort are tracable, only a ruined front gateway of the Sarai is still remaining, Idgah of Shihad-ud-din was built around 1211 AD has now completely disappeared and Occupy. So Palwal is a historical and Significance town and many structure are available in its surrounding area. There is Sheikh Shah Baz's Tomb from 13-14 th Century, 4 Located on a raised stone platform. The tomb is an octagonal structure . Each side of the octagon has recessed arches niches, some of which form the opening of the inside. A chajja runs along the periphery of the tomb supported by brakets. The interior chamber is spanned by a dome resting on a high octagonal base. Stone is employed to construct the structure which is them plastered and painted. Tomb of Shah Roshan Chirag Now an elegant Tomb of Saint Roshan Chirag is Surviving as a main monument of Palwal. This Tomb was built in 1661 by saint Roshan Chirag, 5 Who levied a tax of one slab of stone from every cart-load that passed Agra to Delhi for building the fort of Salimgarh. That saint levied an impost 6 of one slab on every cart load of stones passing thereby. The tomb was thus constructed using the stones from the levy. The tomb is a square structure built brick and covered with red sandstone. It is spanned by a dome on a circular base. All the four corners of the structure have vertical parts at the roof level. The surface of the exterior is profusely carved. Tomb of Shah Roshan Chirag is standing in the middle of the town. The tomb is in fair preservation on a slab of red sandstone 1`6`` by 6`` is four lines in Persian verses. The first line is almost entirely obliterated. The inscription records the date of erection of Sayyad Chirag Tomb, viz. 1072 A.H./1661 AD. 7 Sarai There is a Sarai in the middle of the town. The Sarai enclosure measure 147×89m. It had a long, broad passage way but now 3.6 m. broad and 6.8m deep passage way of it survives. It had several rooms. It is fronted by a Verandha. The rooms in each corner of the Sarai are of the same size but are attached at the rear to a square chamber. Which is further attached to an octagonal chamber. 8 The Sarai, according to J.D. Beglar, was built during Shah Jahan's period [1627-1658 AD] 9. Hodal The last town of Haryana on Delhi-Agra road is Hodal. Centuries ago a Nomadic tribe called ODE used to reside in this area, hence named as ODAL and corrupted as Hodal with the time passing. ODAL occurred by sorot Jats from the region.In 18 th century Maharani Kishori daughter of kansiram sorot was a famous lady in the history of Haryana .She was from hodal and was married to Maharaja of Bharatpur in 1750 AD. Maharani played an important role in the administration of bharatpur and Maharaja always consulted to her on matters. Due to relation Maharaja authorised Kansiram to collect the revenue of this area. All the monumental Remains at Hodal belonged to that royal family. Kansiram died in Bharatpur where his wife Jaskaur performed Sati custom. The mortal remains of the pair were brought to Hodal for performing rituals etc. on that site, a vast and 20 feet deep brick masonry tank was built. The tanks has broad sloping Ghats with flights of steps in all four direction. On its western end, a double storeyed place was added which is now in ruins. Another structure of some importance is Balram ki Kachahri. The building was built by Ch. Kansiram for hearing double grievances and was named as IZLASS-KHAS. But now a day it is known as Balram ki Kachahri. Balram was brother of Rani Kishori and son of Kansiram. Maharaja Surajmal of Bharatpur Captured 10 the surrounding territories of Delhi around 1760 AD, which is now a part of Haryana. To occupy the encircling tract around Delhi was a part Maharaja's strategy to conquer, the old Indian capital city, Delhi.He started his planned mission to invade into Delhi in Dec. 1763, but couldn"t succeed due to his unguarded patrolling and was slain in the battlefield of sahadra. In the following years, his successor son Jawahar Singh again attacked Delhi but returned to Bharatpur with some compromising terms, even February 2018, Volume 5, Issue 2 JETIR (ISSN-2349-5162) JETIR1802089 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 551 after tasting a victory over Delhi. That was the battle in which his maternal uncle balram died in fighting. His body was brought to Hodal with great honour and was assigned to flames on the bank of Sati-ka-Talab. Kos Minar Sher Shah Suri Paid great attention to the development of road during his region. They functioned as the arteries to the empire. 11 But we get Mughal Kos Minars from our region. The first Mughal Emperor Babur ordered to raise distance Markers not strictly speaking Kos Minars, each "twelve yards high with a chardara on top" at every nine kos, all along the distance from Agra to Kabul. 12 Akbar made some change in the system. He issued an order that at every kos of the way on the route a minars should be set up. 13 Jahangir also carried his father"s Activities in 1619 AD, he ordered to a noble to put up a pillar (Kos Minar) at every two kos and well at every three kos, between Agra and Lahore. 14 Kos Minars are made with brick and covered with plaster. 15 A kos minar is a solid structure with no stairs, or any other opening inside. 16 Generally, the features of the kos minars commonly matched with one another, however, sometimes these features were slightly different at different places. Catherine Asher opines that the Kos Minars were, ordinarily covered with information giving distance and popular slogans. 17 In our Region, fortunately twelve minars still exist on the Palwal to Hodal route in their awaters, same partially repaired some plastered and some in badly wounded site. These minars are as follows :kos minar of Bhulwana – It is first kos minar in Haryana state on Agra-Delhi Route at Village Bhulwana. It stands on a square platform. A stone inscription has been affixed along with the fencing, which gives full details of the kos minar. At present its condition is good. It is a protected monument of Archaeological survey of India. 18 Kos Minar of Hodal – Its cylindrical portion"s height is more then its octangonal portion. At present its upper portion has been broken. It is a protected monument of the ASI, 19 Chandigarh circle. Kos Minar of banchari – It is presently not in good condition. It is protected monument of the ASI. 20 Another kos minar is situated in Banchari village. Its rise on a square platform and Its octagonal base is in tapering. It is a protected monument of the ASI. 21 Kos Minar of khaitaila – It is situated North-West of the village . The Minar rises on a square platform and in a good condition. It is a protected monument of ASI. 22 Kos Minar of Aurangabad – The Minar is situated near Aurangabad village . Its rises on a square platform . The minar is presently not in good shape. It is in dilapidated condition. It is a protected monument of the ASI. 23 Kos Minar of phulwari[khera sarai] – The name Khera Sarai as indicates the former existence of the sarai at this Phulwari village . The octagonal height of the minar is approximately 10` and each side of octagonal measures 3`.9`` it rises on a square platform. It is a protector monument of ASI. 24 Kos Minar of khusropur – It is situated on the South of the Khusropur Villag


The pertechnetate ion, like the iodide ion, is trapped by the thyroid gland (1 ). Several authors have claimed that pertechnetate is not bound in the thyroid (2) and that the gland behaves as a single compartment (3) . However, the finding of organic binding of 9DmTcin rats (4,5) raises the question of whether some such binding may not occur in man. In this study we have investigated the binding of pertechnetate in the human gland by measuring the rate of pertechnetate discharge from it after per chlorate administration and have compared this rate of discharge with the normal loss rate of pertechne tate from the thyroid (3). If pertechnetate is Un bound, it should be possible to discharge it from the thyroid with perchlorate.


Forest land use is an activity which is committed by the community near the forest to fulfill the needs of their life. This research intended to determine factors that influence land utilization in Wan Abdul Rachman Forest Park. Utilization of forest land was assumed as the number of plant species that planted in forest land. The analysis of this research used multiple linear regressions to test factors that influence the number of plant species. This research showed that the number of plant species was influenced by duration of farming and land area size. It was revaled that longer duration of farming and larger community's land would increase the number of plant species that has economic values.Keywords: land area, number of plant species, duration of farming, utilization of forest land.


Web-based collaborative learning is a major research topic in Web-based education.The current Web-based collaborative learning systems and feasibility of combining Web2.0 and collaborative learning are analyzed first.Then according to Web2.0 idea and technology,a spiral ascending collaborative learning model based on Web2.0 is established and the mechanism of populace appraisal is introduced.Approach of implementing heterogeneous grouping is reformed.A brand new Web-based collaborative learning system has been developed.and applied in teaching.Teaching application shows the system is effective to enhance school performance and train students' comprehensive quality,such as presentation skill,collaborative ability,collective consciousness,etc.


language, analyze and synthesize information obtained from the Internet and real knowledge in order to demonstrate their understanding of the results to the group in an interesting way. It is determined that one of the best methods that helps to improve students' language competence is a game. There are such kinds of games as: business games, individual and innovative games, simulation of situations, search and testing, problem-oriented, role play, pedagogical games, lexical, grammatical, phonetic, creative games etc. Prospective tendencies in development of distance learning are clarified.


largest national scale, so nearly perfect, so effectively providing against every source of the weakness and instability that had led to, the downfall of constitutional governments in the past, that in its essential features it was not only fitted to endure indefinitely, but would answer the needs of all mankind for all time. That is to say, it has virtually been regarded as constituting the highest,


Mahler has written many papers on the geometry of numbers. Arguably, his most influential achievements in this area are his compactness theorem for lattices, his work on star bodies and their critical lattices, and his estimates for the successive minima of reciprocal convex bodies and compound convex bodies. We give a, by far not complete, overview of Mahler's work on these topics and their impact.


This paper examines the effect of unions on productivity in 31 plants of a large multinational firm in the years 1975–82. The plants, 60 percent of which are unionized, all produce a similar line of products using material-intensive, labor-intensive, low-technology methods. Results obtained by estimating a translog production function indicate that unionization's overall effect on productivity is positive. Specific findings are that unionization increases the capital-labor ratio and improves management performance, but it also raises the absenteeism rate. A net positive effect on productivity remains even when these channels of union influence are controlled for, a result that, the author suggests, may reflect an improved labor relations climate or improved labor quality associated with unionization.


We develop and describe continuous and discrete transforms of class functions on a compact semisimple, but not simple, Lie group G as their expansions into series of special functions that are invariant under the action of the even subgroup of the Weyl group of G. We distinguish two cases of even Weyl groups—one is the direct product of even Weyl groups of simple components of G and the second is the full even Weyl group of G. The problem is rather simple in two dimensions. It is much richer in dimensions greater than two—we describe in detail E-transforms of semisimple Lie groups of rank 3.


This work takes a look at film stills, studio portraits and all the major fashion designs of Hollywood. The hats, hairstyles, evening gowns, men's fashions, period costumes and films that started fashion trends, plus all the "Oscar" winners for costume design upto the 1996 ceremonies. Fifty stars are featured in the evening gown chapter and men's fashion includes such stars as Errol Flynn, Clark Gable, and Humphrey Bogart from the heyday of Hollywood, and modern-day movie idols Jack Nicholson, Eddie Murphy and Kevin Costner. "Fashion in Film" includes the fabulous evening gowns worn by the Hollywood idols Grace Kelly, Mae West, Joan Crawford and Elizabeth Taylor; the hats worn by Greta Garbo, Hedy Lamarr and Audrey Hepburn; and the gloves and hairstyles of the stars.


Steel concrete composite (SCC) structural system has been commonly used both in the buildings and in the bridges because of the advantages it associates when compared to its counterparts such as RC and steel structures. A typical SCC girder consists of a concrete element placed over a steel element. The effectiveness of this composite system is characterized by the type of connection that exists between the two connecting elements. More commonly shear stud connectors are used to connect the two elements. If the shear studs are infinitely rigid, then it brings about full composite action, on the contrary there is no composite action if the studs are not used, between the two connecting elements. It has been observed that generally the composite action exists somewhere between the full composite action and the no composite action, and is called the partial composite action or the partial interaction. More often the partial composite action is overlooked during the design of SCC girders, and the girder is designed assuming that there exists full composite action, because of the complexities in the analysis incorporating the partial composite action. This might lead to the serviceability issues in the SCC girders. Keeping this in mind the present work has been carried out to understand the significance of the partial interaction in SCC girders. In the present work, a comparative study has been made between the available analytical model and the numerical model. Numerical modeling is performed by using commercially available tool such as SAP2000. The main objective of this work is to bring out the relative significance of the partial interaction with respect to the full composite action, with the help of parametric study. Here, the parametric study has been carried by considering various design parameters, such as, span length, degree of shear connection, cross section geometry of steel girder and concrete slab. It is observed that there is significant increase in deformations of the SCC girder, on account of the partial interaction. The results of the numerical model and the analytical model are in good agreement.


high probability of cryoglobulinaemic pathology which makes the pretest probability sufficiently high to dispense with further characterization? We would suggest that most laboratories, testing predominantly for the presence of cryoglobulins in autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation, will have different requirements for additional characterization. We would posit that the different practice in Davidson's laboratory reflects the reality of pretest selection and does not invalidate the recommendations. Each laboratory must adapt their practice to the population screened. We agree with Davidson's comments that cryoglobulins precipitating outside three days are unlikely to be clinically significant. However, while this appears common-sense, finding evidence to backup this view is difficult, and hearing anecdotal evidence of someone who apparently broached this rule is not uncommon in laboratories testing large numbers. We are not contradicting this view and hence our recommendation is at least for three days. We recommend incubation at 48C for at least three days and the reference for seven days has been quoted in our review. We agree that laboratory practice in the real world is constrained by resource limitations and good laboratory practice entails optimizing resource allocation. Best practice guidance is an attempt to encapsulate the current state of knowledge regarding optimum assessment of cryoglobulins, and all accreditation systems would require the individual laboratory to validate the approach to testing and reporting in their laboratory and their screened population. It has been shown in several studies that the aetiological basis of different types of cryoglobulin varies and, further, that the investigation and management of these conditions are entirely different. We conclude that even in cryoglobulinaemia associated with HCV infection, assessment of quantity, type and clinical relevance is important. In our hospital, we do not offer cryoglobulin measurement in people who have chronic HCV or hepatitis B virus infection without symptoms potentially attributable to cryoglobulins. We stand by the view that a laboratory result stating that a 'significant' cryoglobulin is present, without any further interpretation, is essentially useless to the clinician.


In the work environment, as well as day-to-day, the understanding of pictograms of dangerous chemicals is crucial, contributing to the minimization of accidents and the improvement of working conditions. Pictograms are a quick and clear way of identifying hazards, thus promoting a low chemical risk index. The present study aimed to evaluate the visual perception of chemical hazard pictograms by higher education level students of engineering areas, regarding the proper understanding of their meaning. In this study, the method adopted was that of open-ended tests, which is recommended for evaluating the comprehensibility of symbols. The results of this study are indicative of a low level of perception for the chemical risk on the part of the participants. In order to promote greater safety and better performance of these students in future workplaces, it is imperative to invest in their training in the area of occupational safety and health. The future engineer should be taken into consideration in the development of strategies on accidents and occupational diseases prevention.


The article talks about the life and work of a prominent figure of the South Slavic national revival, historiographer, poet and translator Jovan Raich (1726–1801), one of the most educated Serbs of his era. He studied in many countries, spoke five foreign languages, left behind a solid original and translated creative heritage. The most significant of his writings was the voluminous historiographical work The History of different Slavic peoples, primarily of the Bulgarians, Croats and Serbs ..., published at the end of the 18th century in Vienna and St. Petersburg. For his works he earned awards from the Austrian and Russian Empresses. Equally striking was Raich's contribution to the development of national Serbian poetry. Unlike the historiographical writings that Raich wrote in Russian-Church-Slavic, he used a language close to the living Serbian spoken language in his poems.


This paper presents empirical research analyzing the politeness strategies used by male and female Venezuelan Spanish speakers in two role-play situations: inviting and responding to an invitation. When inviting, participants preferred using solidarity over deference politeness strategies, and strategies that would threaten their own and their interlocutor's freedom of action. There were differences between male and female participation. Females were more verbose than males and, in the first two stages of the interaction - making the invitation and responding to the refusal - more deferential. They only showed solidarity when parting. Males, on the other hand, were deferential only when making the invitation, but showed solidarity - read 'became aggressive' - upon receiving the refusal and when parting. Unlike what happened when inviting, when responding to the invitation participants were highly deferential. This time, however, males were more deferential than females. These instead struck more balance between being deferential and friendly. Once more, participants preferred strategies that would curtail their own and their interlocutor's freedom of action, rather than those that would express disapproval of themselves and/or the interlocutor. The results from this research show that Venezuelans - at least those that participated in this study - belong to a positive politeness culture where the preferred rules of rapport are: 1. Be friendly; and 2. Impose, in that order.


In an application-orientated group project covering the influence of organic process additives in the process water on the quality of water treatment as well as on the process and the product during water cycle guidance, among other topics the determination of the zeta potentials was examined by means of ESA (electrokinetical sound amplitude) measurements in the process water. Compared with the conventional turbidity measurement, the ESA measurement is very well suited as a control parameter for flocculation plants, since the flocculation optimum is clearly identified. Adjustment of existing on-line measuring instruments to the process-water characteristics typical of the tile industry is still outstanding. With the ESA measurement as a laboratory test, the influence of individual process additives on the water quality, as well as on the quality of the flocculation and on the recycling characteristics during the re-use of water in ceramics, can be determined fast and reliably.


The invention discloses an AIN/C composite foam material, comprising the following raw materials by mass percentage: 30%-60% of graphite carbon and 70%-40% of AIN; the graphite carbon adopts a hollow graphitized carbon microsphere structure and the diameter of which is a sub-millimeter to millimeter grade; the AIN is a hexagonal structure and filled in the clearance of the hollow graphitized carbon microsphere. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the material and comprises the following steps of mixing 30%-60% of the hollow resin microsphere and 70-40% of AIN powder by mass percentage, subsequently adding alcohol into the mixture and fully vibrating, subsequently filtering, drying and injecting the resin microsphere containing the AIN film into a die for extrusion and forming, thus obtaining the AIN/resin microsphere composite foam blank; heating and carbonizing the AIN/resin microsphere composite foam blank at the temperature of 200 DEG C-1200 DEG C, continuing to heat the mixture to the temperature of 1200 DEG C-2700 DEG C to carry out graphitizing, and synchronously completing the crystallization of the AIN, thus obtaining the AIN/C composite foam material.


The article demonstrates the linguodidactic capabilities of a scientific text in professional language teaching system for foreign students. Using the example of the practical lesson fragment "The ways of interaction with public", it is proved that the implementation of education professional orientation principle plays a key role in the development of a system for teaching foreigners the Russian language.


The paper introduces a mathematical model for computing the swirling flow exiting the Francis turbine runner without actually computing the three-dimensional flow in the inter-blade channels. Such models are useful for a-priori assessment of the draft tube hydrodynamics, as well as for runner outlet optimization to achieve a best match with a given draft tube. Moreover, the model can be used within a range of operating regimes, provided that no severe flow detachment from the runner blade occurs. Since we assume an inviscid, steady and axisymmetric swirling flow, and the model is restricted to an arbitrary hub-to-shroud line, we assess the impact of these assumptions on the model accuracy and point out the direction for further refinements.


Objective To evaluate the morphology of costovertebral joints in the normal thoracic spine(T1-8),and to explore the feasibility and clinical significance of thoracic extrapedicular fixation.Methods 6.0 mm Kanghui pedicle screws were placed in T4-5 through an extrapedicular approach in 12 adult cadavers.The position of each screw was analyzed by X rays.The transverse diameter,length of screw path and angle e(the angle between the pedicle rib unit and the processus spinosus) of costovertebral joints in T1-8 were measured and compared to those of adjacent pedicles.Results The transverse diameter,length of screw path and angle e of costovertebral joint were significantly larger than those of adjacent pedicles(all P0.01).All screws were within the costovertebral joints and did not penetrate to the spinal canal or rib.Conclusion Thoracic extrapedicular fixation is safer than transpedicular fixation in the upper and middle thoracic spine.


In Trinidad and Tobago, chataigne is grown under a wider range of environmental conditions than breadfruit and unlike breadfruit has been observed to be unaffected by tree dieback and can therefore serve as a rootstock for desirable breadfruit cultivars. This study examines the grafting success of in vitro generated breadfruit scion ('Yellow' cultivar) onto the epicotyls of chataigne seedlings. Breadfruit microcuttings were grafted on to 7, 14, 21 or 28 day - old chataigne seedlings in the epicotyl region using the top wedge method. Data on scion height, height of the grafted plant and scion leaf number were collected after six months. All graft unions survived and there was no significant difference in scion height, overall height of the grafted plant and scion leaf number among the grafts done on rootstock of various ages. We present a novel approach to grafting breadfruit on chataigne by selecting rejuvenated scion; breadfruit microcuttings for grafting onto the juvenile epicotyls of chataigne seedlings. The results demonstrate the potential of this approach to produce large numbers of propagules suitable for planting in coastal and inland locations where the water table is high. It is also probable that commercial nurseries could potentially produce these propagules twice per year when the recalcitrant chataigne seeds are available.


The Mediterranean Sea biodiversity is undergoing a rapid reshaping due to different factors, many of which are directly related to human activities (e.g., pollution, habitat destruction, overfishing and introduction of non-indigenous species). In this context, climate changes, and in particular water warming, are the main factors that favor the arrival and subsequent spread of thermophilic species, regardless of their area of origin (e.g., Red Sea, Atlantic Ocean). In this research, we report the third and eastern-most well-documented record of the thermophilic species Parapristipoma octolineatum (Valenciennes, 1833) in the Mediterranean Sea, providing new morphological, genetic, ecological and biological data on this rare species in the basin. The integrative taxonomical approach was robust and unambiguously identified the species as P. octolineatum. The specimen was a large-sized female in maturation. The first high-quality photographic illustrations of otoliths were provided. Recent direct observations of fishermen in the area suggested a species abundance increase. However, data from the Mediterranean Sea remain scarce and further efforts are needed to better understand the abundance and distribution of this species. Modified keys for a rapid color pattern-based determination of all Haemulidae species recorded in the Mediterranean Sea to date are also provided. Finally, the potential further expansion under the future prediction of climate changes of this Atlantic origin fish in the Mediterranean Sea is discussed.


In the current study, Friedman and colleagues [4] examined the association of age and gender with validated outcomes scores and ROM following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) in a large cohort of patients performed for the diagnosis of cuff tear arthropathy or osteoarthritis in the presence of a rotator cuff tear. The authors found that in general, men had higher patient-reported outcomes scores than did women (including the Simple Shoulder Test, UCLA scores, and Constant Scores, among others) as well as better ROM. After controlling for gender, they also found that older patients had generally higher scores than did younger patients, but not asmuchROM. They also found that improvement in outcomes scores and ROM generally reached a plateau by 6 months to 12 months after surgery, with the mostrapid improvement taking place during the first 6 months. This is consistent with a previous study that found that patients undergoing rTSA demonstrated 72% to 92% functional improvement at 6 months [7]. Studies like these can help to set patients' expectations in terms of recovery after surgery, and with the rapid increase in utilization of rTSA, the information here is both good and timely. There remains some controversy, though, about whether there are differences betweenmen andwomen in terms of the completeness of recovery after shoulder arthroplasty. While some investigators have suggested that women do not attain the same functional outcomes scores that domen after shoulder arthroplasty [2, 8, 10], others have found no differences between the genders [6]. Wong and colleagues [10] identified no differences between men and women in terms of pain, ROM, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) composite scores, but noted that men achieved higher ASES function and SF-12 Physical Component Summary scores than did women [10]. Conversely, a prospective study by Jawa and colleagues [6] found similar outcomes between men and women, including the ASES and 12Item Short Form Health Survey scores.


Studies looking at the impact of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act have found a mixed market reaction to the law at key events during its passage. We suggest that this is due to focusing on firms within a few industries and their quality of governance, rather than incorporating the real option aspect of securities litigation. When using a framework that is based on potential option payoffs instead, there was a very negative response to the passage of the law across all industries for firms with the highest potential payoffs, even after controlling for other factors such as governance and industry. Governance only becomes significant when the firm is overvalued, creating a positive potential payoff in litigation.


A silane-derivatized tetraaza Cu2+ macrocyclic complex is prepared, which forms monolayers on glass surfaces, capable of allowing the further deposition of a stable monolayer of silver nanoparticles, obtaining by this, surfaces that display an enhanced antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.


Abstract The complexity of the "biodiversity" concept makes it difficult to give a concise definition of the term. Nevertheless, "biodiversity" is omnipresent in today's mass media, and vast is the ocean of (popular) scien-tific publications carrying this effective catchword in their titles. The reason is that we are facing a rapid, (mainly) anthropogenic decline in biodiversity which is widely accepted as a matter of great concern among scientists and considered one of the major aspects of the world-wide transformation process denoted as Global Change. The general public, however, seems strangely apathetic towards the loss of biodiversity and neither to care nor to lobby for its conservation. Plausible explanations for this broad-based indiffer-ence include the conservationists' failure to convey the relevance of biodiversity to the public, the prevalent uncertainty about the term biodiversity and the concept behind it, and the growing urbanisation which leads to an increasing lack of personal experience with biological diversity and to a general estrangement from nature. This trend and its long-term effects can only be overcome by taking suitable measures to reconnect people with their "natural environment".


Objective: Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a cause of ischemic stroke, with the middle cerebral artery (MCA) being commonly affected. The vulnerable plaque is considered as the cause of stroke. High resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) can help us assess the morphology characteristics and vulnerability of intracranial atherosclerosis plaque. HR-MRI could also provide us such information as microvascular structure of perforating arteries from MCA. The aim of our study was to distinguish the differences in the plaque morphology between symptomatic and asymptomatic MCA stenoses, and the relationship between MCA stenosis and perforating artery. Method: 41 MCAs with symptomatic stenoses and 33 MCAs with asymptomatic stenoses (both between 50% and 99%) were included. The characteristics of plaques and the perforating arteries were evaluated by HR-MRI. Results: Between symptomatic and asymptomatic MCA stenosis groups,vessel morphological characteristics such as the degree of stenosis, remodeling index, wall area index didn't differ. However, patients with symptomatic MCA stenoses had heavier plaque burden (79.74 ± 1.380 vs 66.72 ± 2.776, P Conclusions: The plaque burden may be a new index in assessing the vulnerability of intracranial atherosclerosis plaques. The plaque burden, the region of interested area, and the enhancement index are independently associated with symptomatic MCA stenosis. The perforating arteries from symptomatic and asymptomatic MCA stenosis are both less than those from normal MCA controls.


Motivated by damage due to heating in sensor operation, we consider the throughput optimal offline data scheduling problem in an energy harvesting transmitter such that resulting temperature increase remains below a critical level. We model the temperature dynamics of the transmitter as a linear system and determine the optimal transmit power policy under such temperature constraints as well as energy harvesting constraints over an AWGN channel. We first derive the structural properties of the solution for the general case with multiple energy arrivals. We, then, obtain closed form solutions for the case of a single energy arrival. We observe that the optimal power policy is piecewise monotone decreasing with possible jumps at the energy harvesting instants, and remains constant after the temperature reaches the critical level.


Objectives

PEG-Interferon alpha 2b (PEG-IFN) is a new formulation of Interferon with a prolonged half-life and can therefore be given once weekly. It has shown efficacy in patients refractory or intolerant to IFN. Within a German multicenter study (SHG CMLIIIA) PEG-IFN (PEG-Intron, Essex) was used in our centre for patients with CML in first chronic phase.

Methods:

17 patients with newly diagnosed bcr-abl positive CML in chronic phase were included in our centre as part of the CML IIIA study. Median age was 42 yrs (range 24 – 78 yrs). After initial cytoreduction with hydroxyurea patients received 3–6 μg/kg PEG-IFN subcutaneously once a week. One patient received additional cytarabine at a dose of 20 mg/m2 10 days per month.

Results:

After 3 months 13/17 patients had a complete hematological response, 3 had a partial hematological response, 1 patient had a hereditary thrombocytopenia and therefor did not fulfill hematological CR criteria. Cytogenetics/FISH after 6 months were available in 12 patients and showed 1 complete cytogenetic response, 3 partial cytogenetic responses, 5 minor cytogenetic reponses and no response in 3 patients. 9 patients remained on PEG-IFN for at least 12 months and showed 2 complete, 1 partial and 2 minor cytogenetic responses and no response in 4 patients. Thus the rate of major cytogenetic responses was 33% at 6 months and at 12 months. PEG-IFN treatment was stopped in 14 patients due IFN-intolerance (n=6), patient decision (n=1), blast crisis (n=2), accelerated phase (n=1) or cytogenetic non-response (n=4). Relevant toxicities included acute pancreatitis in 1 patient, a grand mal seizure in a patient with a history of subdural hematoma, exacerbation of supraventricular tachycardia in 1 patient, transient elevation of GPT in 1 patient and a local abscess at the injection site in 1 patient. All patients experienced fever and flu-like symptoms in the first 4 weeks which gradually improved.

Conclusion:

PEG-IFN at a dose of 3–6 μg/kg was effective in producing complete hematological remissions after 3 months in the majority of patients and showed major cytogenetic responses in one third of patients. However there was a considerable toxicity. Still 53% of patients were able to continue treatment for at least 12 months and 4 of these (44%) are in continuous partial or complete cytogenetic response. This response rate is comparable to the results for conventional IFN in combination with Ara-C from the recent IRIS study. However in the IRIS study only 10.8% remained on IFN compared to 53% in our cohort. For patients able to tolerate this treatment PEG-IFN appears to be a valid alternative to IFN+Ara-C or imatinib in chronic phase CML.


This paper analyses how the creative character of the funded project determines the post-investment relationships between the new venture and its financier. A deeper analysis of creativity questions the information economic perspective (IEP) in their analysis of the relationships between the new venture and its financier. We identify new determinants of these relationships as well as complementary mechanisms and capabilities enhancing the management of these relationships.


Experiments were performed on a dual fuel engine with variable supply of producer gas and hydrogen as secondary fuels. The engine was operated under 5%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of rated loads. The brake thermal efficiency and CO, CO2 and unburned HC emissions were studied. It was found out that under compromised condition, the engine operated at 40% of the rated load and supplied with 75% of produce gas and 20% of H2, performs satisfactorily to emit favorable emissions. KEYWORDS-Dual fuel engine; Thermal efficiency; CO, CO2 and unburned HC emissions INTRODUCTION In engines, alternative fuelshave been the focus since a decade due to crude shortage and worriedness concerning environmental protection. Producer gas and hydrogen are known to be the potential alternative fuels. However, hydrogen engines have inherent trouble of premature ignition particular when operated at high loads due to lower ignition energy, extensive flammability range and smaller quenching distance. Nevertheless, producer gas now a day is considered as promising alternative fuel for diesel engines however, it can only be used with the injection of diesel. In the present investigation husk was used to produce producer gas while the hydrogen was taken from the procured storage cylinder. A dual fuel engine was used in which hydrogen and producer gas was used as secondary fuel at various operating loads, while emission investigation of CO, CO2 and unburned hydrocarbons was carried out. From the literature review some observation related to the use of alternative fuel in engines were obtained. Luijten and Kerkhof [1] used jatropha oil and biogas(CH4& CO2) in their experiments & found the addition of different quality(CH4 volume fraction ranging from 0.4 to 1) to the intake using aventuri results the maximum heat release fraction of methane of about 80% for pure methane & 25-55% for biogas(depending on load & biogas quality). Efficiency also suffered at the low loads and at high loads. Prabir and Bose[2] used hydrogen as inducted fuel and diesel as injected fuel & found supply of 0.15 kg/h of hydrogen increases brake thermal efficiency by 12.9% but at high rate the combustion becomes uncontrolled and hence thermal efficiency decreases. They found that the hydrogen –diesel blend has proved to be a viable approach to minimize pollution and improved performance. Roy & Tomita [3] uses two producer gas having different hydrogen content, found smooth and smoke free engine operation for different fuel-air equivalence ratios and pilot injection timing. Uma and Khandpal [4] used diesel alone and dual fuel modes with producer gas and found that the diesel engine is capable of running with dual fuelling with 67-86% diesel replacement rate. Krishna &Ajitkumar [5]used coffee husk as biomass for gasification and analyzed the performance of diesel engine on dual fuel mode. They could achieve the maximum diesel replacement of 31% only. It is because of clinkers' formation and a low density of biomass. It has been seen in previous literatures that the maximum work has been done on biomass gasification of wood chips only. Ramadhas et.al.[6] carried out on coir-pith, but the other biomass & agricultural residues are also available. In the present investigation, the experiments were conducted in a 4-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine, which was coupled with 62.5 kW Genset, by using secondary fuel as hydrogen and producer gas. The producer gas is principally a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide and here it was produced by partial combustion of solid agricultural waste like rice husk and coke in gasifier. The contents of Producer gas produced were 20.2%CO ; 20.5%H2 ; 1.2%CH4 ; 48% N2 and 10.1% CO2. Flow chart of the working arrangement is shown in Fig.1. Engine specification is shownin Table1. Fig.1 Flow chart of working arrangement © 2018 JETIR September 2018, Volume 5, Issue 9 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) JETIRA006311 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 290 Table 1: Engine specification and general details RESULTS AND DISCUSSION From Fig.2 it can be observed that the brake thermal efficiency is higher for the 60% of the rated engine load and it is very low for low load. It can also be understood that when the H2 was 20% in the mixture, the brake thermal efficiency was maximum for 40% or higher rated loads. In addition, the brake thermal efficiency also increases with increase in quantity of produces gas and attains highest values at 100% supply. Fig.3 shows that the brake thermal efficiency drastically increases after 60% supply of producer gas and at 100% supply it approached 50% brake thermal efficiency. Fig. 4, 5 and 6 illustrates that the exhaust emissions are highest at 80% of the rated engine load. Also, it can be observed that all types of exhaust emissions are highest when 100% producer gas was used. Fig.4 shows that CO emissions are nearly same for 25%, 50% and 100% of producer gas supply and it is quantatively very low. Nevertheless, the lowest CO emissions are at 5% of rated load, which was obvious and Co emissions increases with increase in percentage of H2. Fig.5 shows that CO2 emissions are nearly same for all supplies of producer gas and it is highest for 80% engine loading. The figure also shows that the effect of %H2 is in the CO2 emissions is that it increases with increase engine load but unaffected by the % of producer gas. Fig. illustrates that unburned HC emissions are highest for 80% engine loading and least for 60% engine loading. Here also the %H2 effects in a similar manner to that of CO2 emissions. Fig.3 Brake Thermal Efficiency v/s %producer gas Fig.2 Brake Thermal Efficiency v/s Load at different H2 for 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% producer gas supplies. © 2018 JETIR September 2018, Volume 5, Issue 9 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) JETIRA006311 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 291 CONCLUSIONS Following are the conclusions made from the experimental investigation: 1. As a compromise, the engine must be operated at 40% of the rated load and must be supplied with 75% of produce gas and 20% of H2 because under this condition the favorable emissions would be obtained. 2. For high performance when engine operates at 100% rated load, 50% producer gas and 4% hydrogen must be supplied Fig.4 Load v/s CO emission at different %H2& % producer gas Fig.5 Load v/s CO2 emission at different %H2& % producer gas Fig.6 Emission of unburned hydrocarbons v/s engine load © 2018 JETIR September 2018, Volume 5, Issue 9 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) JETIRA006311 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 292 REFERENCES [1] LuijtenC.C.M., Kerkhof. 2011. Jatropha oil & biogas in a dual fuel c.i engine for rural electrification. Energy conversion & Management 52,1426-1438 [2] BoseP.K., Dinesh Maji. 2009.An experimental investigation on engine performance & emissions of a single cylinder diesel engine using hydrogen as inducted fuel & diesel as injected fuel with EGR. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 34, 48474854 [3] RoyM.M., TomitaE., KawaharaN., Harada Y., SakaneA. 2009. Performance and emission comparison of a supercharged dual-fuel engine fueled by producer gases with varying hydrogen content. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 34, 7811-7822 [4] UmaR., KandpalT.C., KishoreV.V.N.2004.Emission characteristics of an electricity generation system in diesel alone and dual fuel modes. Biomass & Bioenergy, 27, 195-203 [5] KrishnaK.S., KumarAjit.1994. A study for the utilization of coffee husk in diesel engine by gasification, In Proceedings of Conference on Biomass Gasification Technology, India, [6] RamadhasA.S., JayarajS.2006.Power generation using coir-pith and wood derived producer gas in diesel engines. Food processing Technology 87, 849-853


We develop a complete linear theory for the effects of islands on low frequency waves of the kind thought to be important in the seasonal and interannual variations of the equatorial ocean circulation. For an island whose meridional extent is small compared to R, the equatorial radius of deformation, the waves pass the island almost undisturbed: the currents incident on the island flow around it..t-o the north and south and continue downstream in the lee of the island. For islands comparable to or greater in extent than R the mass flux incident on the island is largely reflected in a manner similar to the case of a meridionally infinite barrier. An incident equatorial Kelvin wave is reflected as long Rossby waves; symmetric long Rossby waves are reflected as equatorial Kelvin waves while antisymmetric ones stop at the island bar- rier. In all cases a boundary current composed of short Rossby waves forms at the eastern side of the island and accomplishes the required meridional redistribution of the zonal mass flux. Calculations carried out for the major mid-ocean low latitude islands (the Gilberts and Galapagos in the Pacific; Sao Tome in the Atlantic; the Maldives in the Indian Ocean) show that the propagation of long waves will not be significantly affected by any of these islands and that small perturbations occur only in their immediate vicinity.


Abstract How to calculate the amount of colored oily soil adhered to fabric by measuring the reflectance was studied. Fatty acid, triacylglycerol and hydrocarbon were selected as typical oily soil and mixed with Sudan IV. Removal of fatty acid was greatly affected by alkaline property of washing liquid, and those of triacylglycerol and hydrocarbon were largely affected by interfacial activity of washing liquid. The detergency of Japanese artificial soiled fabric was largely affected by the fatty acid composition.


By using the dynamical system theory the Degasperis-Processi equation are studied .The bounded travelling wave solutions such as peakons are analytically described. The Degasperis-Procesi equation is converted to the ordinary differential equation which are solved for all possible soliton solutions of Degasperis-Procesi equation. We construct exact travelling wave solution for degasperisProcesiequation,and the obtained solution agrees well with the previously known result.


The development of smart Si sensors which combine active circuitry and sensor on the same chip, has drawn attention in terms of miniaturisation and cost-effectiveness of microsensors. Interest in micromachining of Si to fabricate membranes derives from the need for inexpensive and more versatile sensors. This paper reports the results on fabrication of Si membranes by anisotropic etching of Si in EDP solution. Good quality membranes of 10 Nanometer thickness were fabricated. Infrared detector based on thermopile structure was realised on 50 Nanometer thick Si membrane using polysilicon and Al junctions. Thermo-emf generated at 150 °c is nearly 8 mv.


Background:  Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is increasingly being performed on a day‐case basis. The aim of the present paper was to systematically review published data on day‐case or ambulatory laparoscopic fundoplication and discuss the differing criteria for patient selection, postoperative management and patient outcomes presented in each series.


Terahertz (THz) pulse imaging can provide not only the image, but also the constituent of the detected object. However, various noises from THz source, detector and other parts will decrease the image quality. In this paper, a THz image of a metal hoop was obtained by pulse THz waves, and the finite impulse response digital filter was used to remove the low frequency noise caused by the unstability of THz source and the image quality was improved.


This text proposes an analysis of the culinary discourse developed by Teodoro Bardají Mas (1882, Binéfar - 1958, Madrid). Beyond the evocation of the works of this important Spanish cook, it is a contribution to a larger thought about the culinary knowledge construction and the self-representation of the cook trade.


10538 Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy combined with re-endostatin (endostar) against stage IIB ostosarcoma. Methods: Patient of stage IIB ostosarcoma enrolled in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2008 to April 2012 were divided into combined group and control group. The chemotherapy regimen was as follows: methotrexate 10 g/m2 iv d1, ifosfamide 3 g/m2 iv d1-d5, cisplatin 120 mg/m2 iv d1, doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 iv d1-d3. Based on the same chemotherapy, endostar was added in combined group (15 mg/m2 iv d1-d14, 21 days was a cycle, for 4 cycles). Results: A total of 388 patients were enrolled in this study, and 58 cases were excluded in the final analysis. A total of 330 patients could be evaluated, in which 272 cases were in control group and 58 in combined group. Patients were followed up 6-59 months with a median period of 20.2 months. In the control group, 1-, 2- and 3-year distant metastasis-free survival rates were 79%, 70% and 65%, respe...


ABSTRACT In order to investigate the effect of shot peening (SP) on residual stress distribution of AISI 304 stainless steel, a 3D dynamic model for describing single and multiple shot impact phenomenon was built via ABAQUS/Explicit 6.10 by considering the mesh density of treated component as well as the friction coefficient between shot and treated component and validated via X-ray residual stress measurement. The results show that an optimal surface element size about 1/18th of the dimple diameter and reasonable friction coefficient of μ > 0.2 are the key factors for the accuracy of residual stress estimation and the computational efficiency. The error of simulated residual stresses indicates the effect of the deformation-induced martensitic transformation phenomenon should be considered in AISI 304 stainless steel SP model. The effects of shot hardness, impact angle, velocity, diameter and coverage ratio on residual stress distribution were examined and discussed via the optimised SP model.


An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University and the Laboratory of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during the period from November, 2017 to May, 2018 to study the effects of gamma radiation on the growth, yield and quality of four onion accessions. The experiment was consisted of two factors such as (i) different accessions viz., accession-1, accession-2, accession-3, accession-4 and (ii) four gamma radiation levels (0 Gy, 50 Gy, 75 Gy and 100 Gy). Seeds from all accessions were irradiated separately with 50 Gy, 75Gy, 100 Gy and also a control at BINA from 60 Co gamma radiation sources. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The seeds of 16 treatment combinations of the accessions and radiation levels were sown in seed bed on 15 th November, 2017 and 45 days old seedlings were transplanted in the main field on 30 th December, 2018. Some biochemical compositions were also tested after harvest on 26 th March, 2018. Different accessions showed significantly influenced on almost all the mentioned parameters studied concerned with growth, yield contributing characteristics, yield as well as biochemical characteristics. The accession-3 produced the highest germination (67.25%) and bulb yield (16.57 t/ha) with increased plant height (49.00 cm), number of leaves per plant (7.08), fresh weight of leaves, individual bulb weight, diameter of bulb, length of bulb, chlorophyll (7.23 μmol/m 2 ) content of leaf, TSS (14.83%), calcium (0.16%), phosphorus (0.37%), protein (12.60%), and vitamin C (9.18 mg/100g) content of bulb compare to other accessions. Radiation levels also had significant influence on all the parameter studied. The application of the 75 Gy gamma radiation produced highest germination (79.33%), plant height, number of leaves per plant, bulb diameter, individual bulb weight, length of bulb, chlorophyll content (7.45 μmol/m 2 ) of leaf, TSS (15.92%), calcium (0.16%), phosphorus (0.40%), vitamin C (9.22 mg/100g), protein (11.20%) and bulb yield (17.47 t/ha) as compared to control. The combined effect of accessions and gamma radiations was statistically significant on the yield, yield contributing characters as well as quality of onion. The highest germination (82.33%) as well as plant height, no. of leaves per plant , individual bulb weight, diameter of bulb, length of bulb, bulb yield (18.59 t/ha), chlorophyll content in leaf, calcium, phosphorus, TSS, vitamin C and protein content in bulb were recorded from accession-3 radiated with 75 Gy. Similarly the lowest bulb yield (14.45 t/ha) as well as in respect of almost all the mentioned parameters were found at accession-1 with control treatment. Therefore, the overall results indicate that accession-3 with 75 Gy might be an efficient and eligible practice for onion production. Key word: Gamma radiation, growth, onion accession, quality and yield --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 09-08-2019 Date of Acceptance: 23-08-2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Researchers and clinicians have emphasized the relationship between some socio-demographical and socio-cultural variables and the adjustment to the experience of induced abortion. With the recent legalization of voluntary termination of pregnancy in Portugal, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between some socio-demographical and socio-cultural variables and the psychological adjustment at the decisional period and after induced abortion. The sample was collected at the Maternity Doctor Daniel de Matos of the University of Coimbra Hospitals, consisting of 53 women, who seek for the Reproductive Counselling Consultation, between December 2007 and March 2008. This prospective study had two assessment moments (before the termination; two to four weeks after the termination), with self-report instruments. Single and separated/divorced women and with strong religious affiliation who opted for induced abortion tended to show poorer psychological adjustment. The implications of these results for research and clinical practice are discussed.


We propose a method for classifying the pneumonia by COVID-19 from CT volumes using metric learning Although PCR method is currently used for COVID-19, the accuracy is low On the other hand, researches on automatic diagnosis from medical images using deep learning have been done actively, and we considered that it is effective for classification of COVID-19 In this paper, we aim to establish an automatic COVID-19 classification method based on deep learning from CT volumes The proposed method is classified between COVID-19 pneumonia and other diseases using metric learning, which has been attracting attention in the field of image recognition We achieved 80% accuracy in five cross-validation experiments Alternate abstract:抄録 本稿では,CT画像から距離学習を用いて,COVID-19による肺炎か否かを判定する方法を提案する.現在,COVID-19の検査にはPCRが用いられているが,識別精度が低いという問題点がある.一方,深層学習を用いて画像から病気を自動診断する研究も進められており,COVID-19の診断においても有効であると考えられる.そこで本研究では深層学習を用いたCOVID-19症例の自動識別法の確立を目的とする.提案手法では,近年画像認識分野で注目を集めている距離学習を応用させた方法により,CT画像からCOVID-19による肺炎かそれ以外の疾患かの二値分類を行う.5回の交差検証による実験の結果,識別精度80%を達成することができた.


Boar taint, an unpleasant odor observed in pork from some mature intact male pigs, is attributed primarily to the presence of two compounds in boar fat, androstenone (5α-androst-16-ene-3-one) and skatole (3-methyl indole). A rapid extraction method for the preparation of fat samples for androstenone/skatole screening assays would lead to more efficient use of boar carcasses for pork production. Supercritical carbon dioxide removed 97 ± 2% of the androstenone (extraction at 40°C ; 5 min) and 65 ± 3% of the skatole (extraction at 40°C ; 20 min) from 0.5 g of boar backfat. Supercritical CO 2 provides the basis for a fairly rapid extraction method to remove compounds associated with boar taint.


By the comprehensive analysis of existing mcasuring methods, a new method is proposed in the paper tomeasure the nuclear radiation dose field with array absorption-emission computed tomography. The detector based on scintillation optical fiber array and its servo-control system are designed. The weak optical signal is measured by Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) and the formed visual signal is quickly sampled with the method of testing fixed signed points. The reconstruction method of iterative filter back projection and the data renovation based on noncomplete proection are proposed to reconstruct dase field much more accurately. The filter function is also an important factor in the image reconstruction. The Butterworth filter function is chasen. By adjusting its parameters, we have obtained optimum result. Finally, all the experimentationshow that the methods proposed in paper are proper and whole measuring system is advanced and feasible.


The global pandemic significantly affected teacher training programs, specifically professional experience in schools. The past two years of teacher education have necessitated the innovation and adaption of traditional programs to ensure pre-service teachers' preparation and readiness to enter schools as graduates in Australia. This case report explores the creation and implementation of three innovations that were used to support pre-service teachers who undertook a remote and flexible learning placement due to school closures. The report presents the process implemented to best support the pre-service teachers and school mentors to deal with the disruption to professional experience caused.


Inlets derived from the axisymmetric Busemann ow eld are widely regarded as unattractive in their length as compared to their throat size. Truncating the full Busemann inlet is the most straightforward way to seek a compromise between core thermodynamic performance, geometric constraints, structural concerns, and viscous losses. In order to gain a better understanding of the relative tradeo s involved in truncation, and to see the e cacy of leading edges intended to mitigate truncation losses, axisymmetric inlets based on the Busemann ow eld were numerically simulated. Several leading edge designs intended to compensate for the truncation loss with conical shocks were considered, and it was demonstrated that there is no \ideal" replacement for the leading isentropic compression surface removed by arbitrary truncation from a Busemann inlet. For a realistic inlet con guration originally designed for a Mach 6:0 freestream and one half atmosphere outlet pressure at 80; 000ft:, 5 of truncation without any compensation cause an inviscid performance loss of approximately 6:5% in pressure recovery and 22:2% in adiabatic e ciency. By employing a conical shock-generating leading extension to the truncated geometry, a signi cant portion of the ideal performance loss was recovered. Pressure recovery and adiabatic compression e ciency with this geometry were 95:5%, and 85:8%, respectively, of the full inlet's values. The additional length added by such leading edges is small in comparison to the length of the truncated inlets, indicating the bene ts of truncation to the overall vehicle system may be realized with potentially acceptable performance losses.


The increasing incidence of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria due to the emergence of different classes of β-lactamases continues to serve as an impetus for efforts directed at improving formulation and chemical processes of existing inhibitors, and discovery of novel inhibitors. This review summarises patent disclosures on β-lactamase inhibitors published during the period January 2000 to December 2004. Several patent disclosures describing novel pharmaceutical formulations, chemical and biosynthetic processes for the clinically useful inhibitors, namely clavulanic acid, tazobactam and sulbactam, are selected for review. Furthermore, patents on novel β-lactam-based and non-β-lactam-based compounds as potential inhibitors of serine β-lactamases and metallo-β-lactamases detailing their chemistry and biological evaluation are also reviewed.


The definition of the covariant space-time averaging scheme for the objects (tensors, geometric objects, etc.) on differentiable metric manifolds with a volume n-form, which has been proposed for the formulation of macroscopic gravity, is analyzed. An overview of the space-time averaging procedure in Minkowski space-time is given and comparison between this averaging scheme and that adopted in macroscopic gravity is carried out throughout the paper. Some new results concerning the algebraic structure of the averaging operator are precisely formulated and proved, the main one being that the averaging bilocal operator is idempotent iff it is factorized into a bilocal product of a matrix-valued function on the manifold, taken at a point, by its inverse at another point. The previously proved existence theorems for the averaging and coordination bilocal operators are revisited with more detailed proofs of related results. A number of new results concerning the structure of the volume-preserving averaging oper...


Objective:To describe the clinical fetures diagnosis and treatment of the immunity depression concurrence tuberculosis. Methods 36 clinical datum of immunity depression concurrence tuberculosis were analysised.Result:the symptom of patiants of 55% was not evidence,Mostly manifestations were fever chogh acratia and choking sensation in chest.Pulmonaly tuberculosis pleurisy miliary tuberculosis lymph tuberculosis and tuberculosis of kidney were common.Two organs were distubed in 52.7% patiants.Softness focus,millet node,pleural effusion,lymph node of hilum of lung and mediastinum was enlargement.The examination of bacteriology and histology was helpful to diagnosis.Average confirmed diagnostic time was 30.5d,The effective rate was 83.3%,Conclusion:We should pay attention to immunity depression concurrence tuberculosis,right diagnosis and in time treatment are important management in reducing the mortality.


Internet-based collaboration technologies provide organizations new and valuable tools to engage online communities. However, effectively leveraging internet-based collaboration technologies and online communities for product innovation requires careful consideration of a community's composition and the organizational mechanisms for community engagement. Building on literature from user innovation, open innovation, and demand-side value creation, we conducted a grounded theory based qualitative study of firms using collaboration technologies for co-innovation. We build theory and offer propositions regarding how a firm can structure interactions and manage such community engagements. By specifying the above, we clarify the conditions for creating value when engaging online communities in co-innovation.


The study of distributed systems is increasingly fundamental to a Computer Science curriculum. Yet, the design of applications to run over distributed systems is complex and mastery of fundamental concepts is challenging for students. In order to assist in distributed systems instruction, we have developed ConcurrentMentor, a visualization system for distributed programming. This system reveals the behavior of a distributed program and its underlying communication protocols while the program executes. Input to the visualization system is generated by an accompanying communication library that closely follows abstractions of communication found in distributed systems literature. No program instrumenta-


Sodium alginate (A) in combination with modified tapioca starch (T) was evaluated in low-fat beef patties cooked by broiling or grilling to 68 or 74°C. Added water was used with AT formulations at 7% (AT7) or 14% (AT14) levels. In comparisons with all-beef patties (8 and 20% fat), AT provided improvements in tenderness, juiciness and cooking yields without increasing fat retention or affecting beef flavor. In sensory comparisons with 14 commercially processed, low-fat beef patties, AT7 and 14 patties received the highest ratings. Combined use of A and T would provide improved acceptability of low-fat patties over that from using single fat replacers.


Tris(tetramethylaluminate)s of the lanthanoids cerium (1), holmium (2), and erbium (3) were synthesized by treating lanthanoid amide complexes of the type [Ln(NMe2)(3)(LiCl)(3)] with an excess amount of AlMe3. These compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and NMR spectroscopy. Paramagnetic NMR spectroscopic studies were undertaken to investigate the influence of the compounds on the solvent chemical shifts. NMR parameters for the H-1, C-13, and Al-27 nuclei of all the reported lanthanoid tris(tetramethylaluminate)s were measured. The reactions of tris(tetramethylaluminate)s of samarium and holmium with an excess amount of tetrahydrofuran led to [LnMe(2)(thf)(5)][AlMe4] {Ln = Ho (4), Sm (5)}. NMR spectroscopic investigations of the paramagnetic holmium and samarium methyl compounds (i.e., 4, 5) as well as the known diamagnetic analogue [YMe2(thf)(5)][AlMe4] revealed methyl group exchange processes in solution.


This letter presents a 0.43 GHz/0.9 GHz/1.575 GHz/ 2.45 GHz quadruplexer with ripple bandwidth of 40 MHz/ 70 MHz/60 MHz/100 MHz using a common lumped-element quadruple-mode resonator (LE-QMR). One resonant mode from LE-QMR and two resonant modes from two <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$LC$ </tex-math></inline-formula> resonators constitute every channel of the proposed quadruplexer. The dual-plane structure configuration is employed in this design to relieve the limited physical space. A step-to-step design procedure is given to validate our design approach. The measured result shows that the fabricated quadruplexer exhibits low insertion loss, up to 40-dB port-to-port isolation and compact size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.071\lambda _{g}\times 0.097\lambda _{g}\times 0.002\lambda _{g}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.


Based on the somewhat homomorphic scheme of Kristin Lauter et al. a new technique, called Relinearization with key switching was presented. Combining this technique with modulus switching, a(leveled) fully homomorphic encryption scheme without bootstrapping from RLWE were designed. Homomorphic operations of this scheme is simple, and trivial gate operation given in the scheme can make level structure of circuit clearer. Finally, bootstrapping was used as optimization to evaluate capability of the proposed scheme.


Chicana feminist literary and artistic cultural production since the second half of the twentieth century is characterized with a critical sensibility commissioning the arts to actively interrogate how cultural mores misconstrue female identity. By questioning the ― ‖-representation of cultural myths and images, Chicanas expose the patriarchal language and hegemonic discourse that code and sign cultural icons. Chicana feminist interrogations of traditional representations of La Malinche illustrate how signs are a construction, and thus, indefinite and plastic, like language. By combining various methodologies such as semiotics, visual analysis, cultural and feminist studies, this study underscores the significance of the development of feminist critical, poetic and visual language to Chicana revisionist representations of the figure of La Malinche.


ABSTRACT Attentional abilities affect the social, cognitive, and intellectual growth of human development. Tools for the assessment of attention can facilitate the early diagnosis of attention disorders and thereby earlier interventions and improvements. The Attention Network Test (ANT) is a well-established, computerized task that measures the three networks of attention: alerting, orienting, and executive functioning. Unfortunately, the ANT is not very engaging. Maintaining engagement is important in assessments of attention, particularly when repeated assessments are required, and may be challenging with child populations. This project compares youth engagement on a child-friendly version of the ANT (ANT-C) with a recently developed video-game-like task called AttentionTrip©. Whereas both tasks generated robust network scores, there was a strong advantage for AttentionTrip© on measures of engagement. This extends previous findings that the AttentionTrip© task is an appropriate alternative for participants who are prone to boredom or mind-wandering.


The contraction ratio (CR) of cocoons was genetically different among silkworm strains. Selection for the CR was carried out successively for three generations by the inbreeding of moths producing cocoons giving high, medium and low CR value. The rernarkable difference was observed in the selection effectiveness upon the CR among these three lines. Reelability of cocoons was also differed among three lines ; the line selected towards the low-CR showed the highest reelability.


There is occasionally observed in some crystalline polymeric films a complex light-scattering pattern which simultaneously exhibits spherulitic scattering at small scattering angles and rod-like scattering at high scattering angles. The complex patterns which have been observed for films of poly(tetrafluoroethylene), poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene), polypropylene—polyethylene A—B-type block copolymer, and poly(ethylene oxide)—polyisoprene A—B and A—B—A block copolymers are analyzed in terms of spherulites having internal disorder with respect to the optic-axis twist-angle η. The shape of the rod-like scattering is shown to depend upon the disorder and the orientation angle χ of the optic axis with respect to spherulite radii and to be associated with fine structure of the spherulites.


Coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823) have increased their range dramatically over the past century. Formerly restricted to western North America, they now roam across the continent, in many habitats including large cities. One of the last areas in North America without coyotes has been Long Island, NY, a 3629 km2 island in the New York metropolitan area. Here we summarize all verified accounts of coyotes on Long Island, including the first record of breeding. There are few coyotes on Long Island currently; however, given the history of coyote success, we expect coyotes to establish a growing population there in the near future.


The invention discloses a self-priming pressure liquid pump, which comprises a pump case, an impeller and a driving device, wherein the impeller is mounted in the pump housing, and the driving device is arranged for the impeller. The pump case is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a liquid chamber communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, the impeller comprises a hub and at least one cylindrical blade, the hub is eccentrically arranged opposite to the liquid chamber, and the blades are capable of radially stretching relative to the hub and are freely rotatably mounted in the hub. When the hub rotates, the blades stretch out under the action of centrifugal force, and stretching ends of the blades are matched with the inner wall surface of the liquid chamber so as to drive water flow. The self-priming pressure liquid pump has the advantages that on one hand, when the hub rotates at a high speed, the blades are smooth and not easy to be jammed by granular foreign matters, so that the pump is high in self-priming reliability, large in pumped water flow quantity, smooth in water flow and fine in water pumping effect; and on the other hand, friction between each cylindrical blade and the contact surface of the hub is effectively reduced, so that the self-priming pressure liquid pump is low in noise and long in service life.


Deterministic chaos refers to an irregular or chaotic motion that is generated by nonlinear systems. The chaotic behavior is not to quantum-mechanical-like uncertainty. Chaos theory is used to prove that erratic and chaotic fluctuations can indeed arise in completely deterministic models. Chaotic systems exhibit a sensitive dependence on initial conditions. Seemingly insignificant changes in the initial conditions produce large differences in outcomes. To maximize profit, the monopolist must first determine its costs and the characteristics of market demand. Given this knowledge, the monopoly firm must then decide how much to produce. The monopoly firm can determine price, and the quantity it will sell at that price follows from the market demand curve. The basic aim of this paper is to construct a relatively simple chaotic growth model of the monopoly price that is capable of generating stable equilibria, cycles, or chaos. A key hypothesis of this work is based on the idea that the coefficient, ⎦ plays a crucial role in explaining local stability of the monopoly price, where, b —the coefficient of the marginal cost function of the monopoly firm, m —the coefficient of the inverse demand function, e —the coefficient of the price elasticity of the monopoly demand, α —the coefficient.


This survey aims to provide an overview of recent developments in the industrial organization literature that explores the behavior of profit-maximizing firms facing consumers with reference-dependent preferences and loss aversion. We discuss the implications of loss aversion on the practice of price discrimination, product differentiation, and incentive provision, among others. A common theme is emerging from these studies: consumer loss aversion may serve to limit the benefits from complex firm strategies that depend on the realizations of uncertainty.


The 26th edition of the ACM SIGMOD-SIGACT-SIGART Symposium on Principles of Databases (PODS), took place from 11 to 13 June 2007. As usual since 1991, the symposium was organized jointly with the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data. While SIGMOD focuses on practical aspects of database systems, PODS focuses on the theory of such systems. The joint organization stimulates interaction between systems and theory research. For the first time ever the joint SIGMOD/PODS conference was held in Asia: it took place in Beijing, China.


The growing use of digital media in the workplace is shifting work to digital platforms, this study explores the role of the physical office space in modern organisations where digital work is the norm. We capture the way in which digital media modulates the production of space by tracing the physical and digital interactions of a software development team in a global IT company. Taking a performative and ontogenetic view of space we conceptualise two types of spatial practices that form distinct modulations and assemblages of features of the physical and digital environment. The first spatial practice modulates space to support recurrent work activities, while the second spatial practice modulates space to support ephemeral and focused work activities. This study contributes to the IS literature with a conceptual basis to study the interconnected nature of physical space in digital work in modern workplace settings. It calls for greater attention to space as a performative and constitutive element of digital work in information systems research.


Nano- and micro-dimensional surface layers of silver and tantalum on flat and wire NiTi substrates by the method of magnetron sputtering in vacuum were produced. The structure and composition of the samples were determined using SEM and Auger spectroscopy. With an increase in the sputtering distance, the thickness of the surface layers decreases, and the thickness of the transition layer and the dependence of the thickness change as a whole depend on the nature of the sputtered substance.


Objective To investigate the value of four blood coagulation indexes tests of pregnant women with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Methods One hubdred and eighteen cases of PIH (diagnosed in health department of our hospital from May 2007 to May 2009)and 207 cases of normal pregnant women were divided into the experimental group and control group, respectively, and in both groups, the four blood coagulation indexes tests were carried out. Results The proth-rombin time (PT)and anginal partial thromboplastin time (APTT)of pregnant women with PIH was significantly shorter, than normal pregnant women (P0.05), but the level of fibrinogen (FIB)of pregnant women with PIH was significantly higher (P0.05). In the 118 cases of PIH, there were 61 mild cases (51.6%), 36 moderate cases (30.5%), 21 severe cases (17.9%), the the severity of PIH were positively correlated with the results of PT and APTT, but negatively correlated with the results of FIB, analyzed with Spearman bivariate correlation analysis. Conclusion The blood of pregnant women with PIH was in hypercoagulability, and the four blood coagulation indexes tests can play an important role in diagnosing the severity of PIH.


This book reveals a man who has been given a dangerously free pass by historians, but who in reality is not only a failed ex-president, but as vindictive as he is egotitical, and a self-righteous busybody who leaves diaster in his wake.


AbstractThe results of an experimental study of a drill-drop manhole used in the City of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, are presented. A drill-drop manhole is a vertical drop manhole connected to a deep trunk sewer with an upper manhole and a lower manhole. The upper manhole diameter is only two or three times that of the lower manhole. Further, the flow in the upper manhole is dominated by the momentum of the incoming flow and as a result, the weir and orifice outflow types occurring in a relatively larger upper reservoir do not occur in drill-drop manholes. Instead, four regimes were discovered: deflected jet, stable pool, filling and emptying, and full pipe flow regimes. Dimensionless head-discharge curves were developed for the upper manhole for all flow regimes, and an expression for the sum of the losses in the upper manhole, including the entrance loss to the outlet pipe was found from the experimental results. Effects of outlet diameter and its length, inlet diameters, and their elevations were studied.


An X-ray structural determination of the dimer [Li(Ph4P2N4Ph)·THF]2(THF = tetrahydrofuran) reveals a step-shaped structure; 7Li and 31P NMR investigations of [Li(Ph4P2N4S2R)·THF]2(R = Me, But, Ph), as a function of temperature and concentration, in THF solution show that this dimer is fluxional and indicate the presence of a second dimeric species.


The electrostatic potential for B-MgrSiOo is derived from the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data of Horiuchi and Sawamoto (1981). A broad minimum in the potential near the underbonded O(l) site indicates this to be a likely site for protonation, corroborating the conclusion of Smyth (1987). However, the minimum in the electrostatic potential for the unit cell is not near the O(l) site, but is located above and below the bonding plane of triangularly coordinated O(2), similar to that observed by Spackman et al. (1987) near the three-coordinated oxygens of stishovite. Therefore, the electrostatic potential indicates O(2) also to be a likely candidate for protonation.


remembered longer. Moreover, skill in sociological analysis should be acquired which can be used by the individual in his profession or in everyday life as a citizen in a democracy. Especially is this type of study believed to be significant in teacher-training where the need is great for demonstrating both the function of the school as a community institution and the nature of a community or region.


This paper deals with the problems of finding periodic solutions for the third order ordinary differential equations of the form


Previous studies showed that acute chloroquine administration increases plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentration in the rat without influencing urine flow rate. The present study was designed to investigate whether chloroquine inhibits the AVP-induced cAMP production that mediates the antidiuretic effects of vasopressin. Single inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) segments were pre-incubated at 35°C for 10 min followed by 4 min at 37° C with combinations of AVP and/or chloroquine with 1 mM 3-isobutyl-I-methylxanthine (IBMX) and cAMP concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. To establish the possible site of interference in cAMP production IMCD segments were incubated in the presence of chloroquine and forskolin. Chloroquine at concentrations ranging from 10−9 M to 10−6 M did not affect cAMP production by comparison with control. However, AVP (10−8 M) and forskolin (10−6 M) significantly (p < 0.01) increased cAMP accumulation. Chloroquine at all concentrations significantly suppressed the AVP stimulated cAMP production (e.g., chloroquine (10−8 M) + AVP (10−8 M) 41±12 fmol/4 mm (n = 9 tubules vs. AVP (10−8 M) alone 82 ± 9 fmol/4 min/mm (n = 37 tubules. Chloroquine at all concentrations tested did not have any effect an forskolin-induced cAMP production. The data suggest that chloroquine inhibits the AVP induced cAMP production at the level of hormone/receptor complex. This possibly explains the previously reported lack of the normal antidiuretic responses of AVP in rats following chloroquine administration.


The present study was carried out in four districts of Chhttisgarh to determine the quality of raw milk in this region. A total of 92 milk sample from crossbred cattle was collected and analysied for physico-chemical properties. The ANOVA analysis revealed that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) in all physico-chemical parameters among the districts, difference was non-significant in case of lactose percentage and Density. The overall mean percentages of fat, solid non-fat (SNF) and protein obtained were 3.812±0.043, 8.444±0.048 and 3.412±0.036 in that order. Durg districts recorded highest fat and snf content in comparisons to other district of study. In this study, highly significant (p<0.01) positive correlation was observed between fat and SNF (0.792), fat and protein (0.330) and fat and lactose (0.482). Correlation between SNF with protein (0.333) and lactose (0.345) were found to be positive and highly significant (p<0.01).Density showing non-significant correlation with all the milk constituent parameters. Efforts should be taken to change nutritionand management aspects in such a manner that quality parameter of milk is improved.Values of genetic correlations between productions have huge importance in selection of cows, as they provide possibility for selection of heads on more traits at the same time.


Introduction: Management of radius ulna diaphyseal fracture in the age group of 3–17 years. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of intramedullary fixation of radius ulna shaft fractures by using titanium elastic nailing system (TENS). Materials and methods: 40 pediatric patients (31 boys, 9 girls) aged 3–17 years with diaphyseal radius ulna fractures were treated by TENS fixation. The final results were evaluated by using criteria. Results: 100% Pediatric patients had excellent to good results radiological results and 95% Pediatric patients had excellent to good functional results. Conclusion: TENS is a safe and effective method for the treatment of pediatric radius ulna shaft fractures, because it is minimally invasive, relatively easy to use and shows very good functional and cosmetic results.


The World War 2 time period ushered in a new era in aeronautical research and development. The air conflict during the war highlighted the need of aircraft with agility, high speed, long range, large payload capability, and in addition, introduced a new concept in air warfare through the use of guided missiles. Following the war, the influx of foreign technology, primarily German, led to rapid advances in jet propulsion and speed, and a host of new problem areas associated with high-speed flight designs were revealed. The resolution of these problems led to a rash of new design concepts and many of the lessons learned, in principle, are still effective today. In addition to the technical lessons learned related to aircraft development programs, it might also be noted that some lessons involving the political and philosophical nature of aircraft development programs are worth attention.


In practical applications, algorithms for the classic version of the hospitals residents problem (the many-one version of the stable marriage problem) may have to be extended to accommodate the needs of couples who wish to be allocated to (geographically) compatible places. Such an extension has been in operation in the National Resident Matching Problem (NRMP) matching scheme in the United States for a number of years. In this setting, a stable matching need not exist, and it is an NP-complete problem to decide if one does. However, the only previous empirical study in this context (focused on the NRMP algorithm), together with information from NRMP, suggest that, in practice, stable matchings do exist and that an appropriate heuristic can be used to find such a matching.
 The study presented here was motivated by the recent decision to accommodate couples in the Scottish Foundation Allocation Scheme (SFAS), the Scottish equivalent of the NRMP. Here, the problem is a special case, since hospital preferences are derived from a "master list" of resident scores, but we show that the existence problem remains NP-complete in this case. We describe the algorithm used in SFAS and contrast it with a version of the algorithm that forms the basis of the NRMP approach. We also propose a third simpler algorithm based on satisfying blocking pairs, and an FPT algorithm when the number of couples is viewed as a parameter. We present an empirical study of the performance of a number of variants of these algorithms using a range of datasets. The results indicate that, not surprisingly, increasing the ratio of couples to single applicants typically makes it harder to find a stable matching (and, by inference, less likely that a stable matching exists). However, the likelihood of finding a stable matching is very high for realistic values of this ratio, and especially so for particular variants of the algorithms.


This paper applied energy theory to study farming and stockbreeding coupling and analyzed the oasis agriculture eco-economic system in Aksu,Xinjiang.The results showed: The farm production is taken as dominant factor with animal husbandry assisting in this oasis;the energy output of farm production and animal husbandry had been increasing,and reached 71.86×1020sej,33.27×1020sej in 2007 respectively;the farm production structure has been changed from grain farming to cotton farming,and the energy output of cotton accounted for 80.63% percent in the farm production in 2007;the energy input structure is taken as dominant factor which is more put into the farm production than animal husbandry;the coupling degree went up to a good condition which had already reached 1.54 in 2007;however,the environmental load ratio had been increased from 6.11 in 2002 to 8.32 in 2007;energy value degree was increased year by year,that means the environmental pressure was increased,especially the land load;it would be beneficial to sustainable development by improving the coupling effectiveness.


The additive manufacturing is an intelligent manufacturing technology that can quickly build a variety of complex objects with single or different functional materials. If additive manufacturing technology can be used to print mechanical structure with sensing or electronic feature, it will be able to break through the development bottleneck of a smart gripper and achieve the goal of rapid industrial development. In this study, a multi-nozzle pneumatic extrusion additive manufacturing system for printing soft and hard material structure was developed. The structure is made of a multi-material polymer which can be fabricated by using 3D printing machine. The liquid material is extruded through a tiny nozzle and then cured by a UV lighting source. The system architecture includes a CNC controller, which controls the nozzle through two stepping motors, both positive and negative pressures and curing light source are also manipulated with peripheral I/Os. A DA controller is also applied to flexibly control the air pressure for requirement of different injected flow speed. The program part is automatically executed with a numerical control software in CNC and PLC. Different pressures were set for extrusion nozzles with different materials. The G-code data was processed by Python Language and sent to the multi-nozzle pneumatic extrusion additive manufacturing system. This paper successfully printed a sandwich pad with soft and hard material structure, including double-layer material pad and three-layer material pad. A finer printing performance than a traditional FDM machine is achieved.


Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET) is a technology where various vehicles on the road use Wireless Adhoc network technique for making communication among them for better driving environment and laser probability of roadside accidents. The vehicles are considered as wireless mobile nodes. These mobile nodes will form a network using various network topologies. These vehicles will communicate with each other using wireless communication technology. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is an application which plans to offer inventive types of assistance to traffic the board. The wireless nodes are allowed to communicate in about short range so vehicle networks are further divided in the clusters to make communication among neighbors' vehicles within the cluster. The formation of clusters is based on various parameters like speed, direction, density, velocity etc. These clusters are variable in nature, so maintaining a cluster head in a cluster is a very tedious task. This paper surveys various clustering adopted in the VANET with their possible benefits and drawbacks.


A one-pot three-component condensation of aromatic aldehyde, aromatic ketone, and malononitrile leading to an efficient synthesis of 2-amino-4,6-diarylbenzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile and 1,2-dihydro-2-o...


Through sol-gel reactions, a series of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)/TiO2 hybrid membranes with various contents of nano-sized TiO2 particles were prepared and characterized. It was found that with the increasing of the TiO2 contents in the hybrid membranes, the water uptake and water retention increased. Meanwhile, the introduction of inorganic particles reduced the methanol permeability. The proton conductivity was enhanced by introduction of hydrophilic inorganic particles into the SPEEK membranes, which might be an effective approach to increase the working temperature of PEM. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008