Abstract Renewed interest in theorizing about the process of European integration is reflected in recent scholarship on the political evolution of the European Union (EU). Meanwhile, a rich and growing literature has emerged on EU policy‐making in specific policy sectors. Yet the gap remains wide between theoretical models which seek to explain broad patterns of European integration and those which seek to explain the EU's policy‐making process. This article conceptualizes 'policy networks' as a tool for analysing EU policy‐making. Its central argument is that the EU is a 'hothouse' for different types of policy network, for two reasons. First, the EU lacks 'off‐the‐shelf institutions which can facilitate informal bargaining between different types of actor. Secondly, decisions taken at the policy formulation stage have become important determinants of eventual EU policy outcomes in recent years. The policy networks model is placed within a broader theoretical framework for studying decision‐making in the...


An undergraduate degree provides a very broad educational background. Graduate school, on the other hand, allows one to specialize in a specific area. Many professions (doctor, social worker, psychologist, professor) require an advanced degree. Although some jobs may not actually require an advanced degree, employers may prefer to hire individuals with education beyond a bachelor's degree. Some people choose to go to graduate school simply because they are passionate about a certain field of study and are eager to learn more. Typically, graduate school is not a good place to figure out what you want to do with your life. Have a clear idea of your career goals and what kind of educational background is needed to enter the profession. For some professions, the master's is the most common degree offered and the degree needed for entering the field (such as Master of Public Health and Master of Fine Arts). Other fields, such as medicine, require a doctorate degree. Talk with professionals who are working in a career you would like to pursue. They will be able to tell you what it is like to work in the field, and may also be able to advise you about graduate programs.


Directions for removal of conservatory measures in the matter of trustee Edward Carleton White and Edward White & Associates Inc. given to Abubakar Khan (October 7, 2011).


I am sorry that Minerva expressed in print her upset at something she "heard" about what a GP surgery had "apparently" done and that "some in the area" commented that the surgery "had a dreadful reputation".1

Although in no way wishing to support …


Comparative results of treatment of women with genital herpes against bacterial infection of the bottom departments of sexual ways from using three forms antivirus-immunomodulate preparation panavir are analysed: in the form of the rivers-talnyh suppositories, protective intravaginal gel of this preparation and there combination. It is established that clinical improvement of symptoms of disease were like at use of all forms of panavir. At the same time duration of relapse for sure decreased at patients with use rectal suppositories in 1,6 times, intravaginal gel - in 1,4 times, and at their combination - in 2,2 times. Simultaneously with it at appointment of all forms of preparation quality of life and initially suppressed indicators of immunity that proves inclusion panavir in practice of treatment of women with the mixed bakterial-virus infection was restored.


Rituals, steeped in the flavors of a culture, have long been a source of intrigue for anthropologists. Rituals come in many shapes, from the small, seemingly insignificant personal and everyday acts that help bring meaning and order to our lives, to orchestrated social events, ceremonies or happenings, time out of time, for reflecting on the past, the present and the future. The All Souls Procession has been a Tucsonan tradition since 1990; an annual ritual that invites the collective celebration of love and loss through creative means. The procession draws thousands of people to walk amongst and witness this moving meditation on life after death, an open space for shared contemplation and artistic expression. Whether they choose to craft the characteristic skull makeup associated with the Mexican Dia le los Muertos festival upon their faces, to carry a photo or placard of the deceased or hold a mantra throughout the procession, each participant contributes to the mutual commemoration of those who have passed. The All Souls Procession is both carnival and tragedy, darkness and levity, personal, impersonal, small and large. It is hope, laughter, solidarity and pain. It is in thanks to those who went before, who touched our lives and shaped our souls. The photos in this collection were taken during the 2015 All Souls Procession. They were intended to provide a snapshot of the event through my eyes, a taste of the rich diversity that Tucson has to offer. The captions accompanying the photos feature both snippets of conversations that I overheard or was engaged in with participants, and my own reflections on the procession.


Abstract Kramer-Collins volumetric spore samplers were used to measure concentrations of Puccinia graminis, P. recondita, Erysiphe graminis, Cladosporium, and Alternaria spores and fungal hyphal fragments within the canopy and at 1, 3, 6 and 14 m above ground level over wheat fields near Manhattan, Kansas, USA. The largest numbers of spores of each of the named fungi and hyphal fragments were trapped during hours when free moisture was not present on host leaf surfaces. As wind velocity increased, the number of spores and hyphal fragments trapped at all heights increased. Airspora trapped at the various sampling heights under all combinations of biometeorological conditions were calculated as ratios. Location and severity of infection or frequency of occurrence of the parent fungi greatly affected the percentage of propagules released in the canopy and escaped into the atmosphere. Less than 40% of P. recondita urediniospores released from tillering plants in the fall and trapped at 20–25 cm were trapped a...


There are two main issues in the paper: 1) Various methods for yield curve estimation are presented and used on the Croatian bond market and 2) the influence of economic events (e.g. monetary policy decisions) on the level of the interest rates is evaluated. The first part of the paper provides a discussion of the most relevant aspects of yield curve modeling. Two classes of models are considered: stochastic and parsimonious function based, through the approaches developed by Vasicek (1977) and Nelson and Siegel (1987). Yield curve estimates for Croatia are presented and their dynamics analyzed and finally, a comparative analysis of models is conducted. The behavior of interest rates may be difficult to explain with large number of factors which affect yield curve. In the second part of the paper, the influence of some monetary policy decisions, precisely the influence of inflation and real money, on the level of the evaluated market interest rates has been measured by vector autoregression approach (VAR).


We present experimental data to validate the precision of our continuous wave (CW) THz spectrometer. Measurement data from this new CW spectrometer are compared with corresponding ones obtained using our Agilent vector network analyzer (VNA). Using these systems, terahertz transmission spectra are compared for wild and farm-raised salmon tissues. It is demonstrated that the CW spectrometer provides accurate measurement data comparable with the Agilent-VDI VNA system, but can be improved by increasing its dynamic range.


The Song Dynasty is an important dynasty in the history of China,for its politics,economy and culture surpass the previous dynasties and exert a great influence on the later dynasties.The main characteristics of the Song Dynasty are its people's colorful life,social prosperity,and social harmony,and the most distinctive feature is its strong humanism, which is the main cause for social development. To explore the humanism in the Song Dynasty,it is essential to first explore its humanism in system construction.


In the title compound, {[Co(C8H3NO6)(C10H8N2)(H2O)]·0.25H2O}n, the coordination polyhedron of the CoII ion is an octahedron. Each pair of adjacent CoII ions is bridged by a dianion of 5-nitro-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (H2nmbdc) to form a chain running along the a axis. These chains are linked by π–π stacking interactions and O(water)—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a supramolecular structure.


The paper presents a simulation of lean gas solid two phase flow. In reactors, for the humidifying activation of flue gas, with the help of the Eule lagrange method. An analysis of the gas flow field and the density distribution of the solid particle phase shows that the particle distribution within the reactor is remarkably affected by the position of the inlet and its flow guiding structure. Double layer and shaped guide vanes can satisfactorily improve the flow field and the particle phase distribution. Figs 8 and refs 5.


Abstract : This report is concerned with the area of enlisted personnel retention. The authors catalogued and evaluated a broad spectrum of programs, interventions, strategies, and management tools which directly or indirectly demonstrated promise in countering first term enlisted attrition. It is Tri-Service in scope and moves throughout the personnel 'life-cycle' for pre-enlistment to permanent duty retraining programs. This document provides an overview and analysis of extant counter-attrition programs across the US Armed Services. Extensive telephone interviews, perusal of documentation, and on-site program examination, produced the bulk of information. Promising counter-attrition programs included pre-enlistment basic skills education and military familiarization, attrition prediction screening, realistic expectations interventions, post-enlistment functional literacy training, and correctional retraining. Originator supplied keywords include: IMPACT program, Screening, and corrections.


A macromolecular serum component, platelet stain preventing factor (PSPF), possessing the capacity to prevent staining of platelets, has been observed in the serum of an apparently healthy person. The factor is active only when EDTA is present, and it has reacted with all platelet samples tested until now.

Thus far, it has not been possible to demonstrate that the factor resides in any of the known serum proteins.


An indoor climate regulation apparatus and a control method thereof. The indoor climate regulation apparatus comprises at least an integrated controller (110). The integrated controller (110) communicates with at least one outdoor climate data source to acquire outdoor climate data (121A) comprising at least outdoor temperature, communicates with at least one indoor climate data source to acquire indoor climate data (121B) comprising at least indoor temperature, and communicates with at least one input device to acquire indoor climate setting data (141) comprising at least an indoor temperature set value. The integrated controller (110) directly acquires, from the indoor temperature set value, or automatically parses out, according to the indoor temperature set value, a temperature control standby temperature of at least one heating, ventilation and air-conditioning unit and a temperature control startup temperature of at least one heating, ventilation and air-conditioning unit, so as to form at least one indoor temperature setting range. The integrated controller (110) is further communicated with an independent fresh air device (120) and a heating, ventilation and air-conditioning unit (150) to realize intelligent interworking between the independent fresh air device (120) and the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning unit (150). According to the indoor climate regulation apparatus and the control method thereof, the change of outdoor climate is considered when intelligent interworking control is carried out on the independent fresh air device (120) and the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning unit (150), so that the operation time of the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning unit (150) is greatly reduced while fresh air is introduced, which is healthy and energy-saving.


The advantages and disadvantages of infant and child immunization and whether it should be given are discussed. Immunization is very important for public health and some of the common myths with regards to immunization are highlighted.


Using the finite element model of the shock system, the efficiency of the shock pulse energy transfer to the deformation zone under wave strain hardening is studied. It was established, that conducting research from the point of view of the efficiency of transferring the shock pulse energy to the deformation zone, and from the point of view of the design of the shock pulse generator, is advisable on shock systems in which the contacting ends of the striker and the waveguide have equal diameters. Studies showed that with ratios 1<L1/L2<10; 5<L1/d1<10, an increase in the fraction of the shock pulse energy transmitted to the deformation zone n exceeds 80% for the striker and waveguide with diameters of 30, 48, 60, 90 mm. According to the adopted optimization criteria, the geometrical dimensions of the striker and the waveguide are determined, which ensure the transfer of the largest amount of shock pulse energy to the deformation zone.


The invention relates to a connector, particularly for connecting a hydraulic hose with a coupling unit of a motor vehicle, having a plug-in adapter for connection to a clutch unit designed as a hydraulic power unit of a motor vehicle. Furthermore, a sleeve is provided for crimping with the hydraulic hose, whereby the sleeve with the plug-in adapter through an opening formed by the sleeve and the plug-locking connection adapter is connected. The connector can be manufactured inexpensively and connected to the hydraulic hose, wherein a positionally accurate connection of the connector with the hydraulic hose is possible.


Copper catalysts supported on different allotropic forms of carbon, such as activated carbon, graphite, pitch-based carbon fibers and diamond have been prepared and characterized using TPR, XRD, TPO, TEM and CAEM techniques. Preparation procedures were established for each support system and were dependent upon the oxidation characteristics of the particular carbonaceous solid. The ease of the reduction of copper oxide to metallic copper was found to be dependent upon the nature of the carbonaceous supports as well as the possible interactions between these two components. It was postulated that the epitaxial relationship that might exist between metallic copper and the diamond would make it easy for copper oxide to be reduced to its metallic state on this support. Attack of the graphite surface occurs in the presence of copper species in hydrogen at low temperatures. This behavior is rationalized according to the notion that dissociation of molecular hydrogen takes place on Cu 20 and the active atomic species "spill-over" onto the graphite and undergo reaction with the i-electrons of the basal plane resulting in the creation of pits in the surface. In-situ electron diffraction highlighted the changes in the chemical state of copper species. Cu 20 was found to be stabilized at certain stages of the reaction possibly due to its interaction with the carbonaceous supports. It is suggested that this type of copper species might exhibit some unique catalytic behavioral patterns.


Abstract Let G,D0,D1{G,D_{0},D_{1}} be finite groups such that D0⊴D1{D_{0}\trianglelefteq D_{1}} are groups of automorphisms of G that contain the inner automorphisms of G. Assume that D1/D0{D_{1}/D_{0}} has a normal 2-complement and that D1{D_{1}} acts fixed-point-freely on the set of D0{D_{0}}-conjugacy classes of involutions of G (i.e., CD1(a)D0<D1{C_{D_{1}}(a)D_{0}<D_{1}} for every involution a∈G{a\in G}). We prove that G is solvable. We also construct a nonsolvable finite group that possesses no characteristic conjugacy class of nontrivial cyclic subgroups. This shows that an assumption on the structure of D1/D0{D_{1}/D_{0}} above must be made in order to guarantee the solvability of G and also yields a negative answer to Problem 3.51 in the Kourovka notebook, posed by A. I. Saksonov in 1969.


Based on the conclusion that the contribution of correlated decay of two vacancies in atoms is small,the de-excitation process of Mg 1+ (1s -1 ) hollow magnesium ions with single K-vacancy and Mg 2+ (1s -2 ) double K-vacancy were treated by applying the radiative-single Auger - double Auger cascade model(RACDA). The final-charge-state distribution(FCSD) of these hollow ions were calculated,and compared with that obtained with the radiative-single Auger cascade model(RAC). The probability of tetravalent ion production via the de-excitation of Mg 1+ (1s -1 ) obtained by RACDA model is considerable,but tetravalent ion is not produced in the by RAC model. The probability of hexavalent ion production via the de-excitation of Mg 2+ (1s -2 ) obtained by RACDA model is very large,but hexavalent ion is not produced in the RAC model.


ABSTRACT: Power transformers are important devices in the power system. Reliability and stability of the whole power system are the primary issues concerning transformers. Transformer relaying protection of automation system is critical for the safe operation of transformers. This paper presents the development of a wavelet based algorithm, for distinguishing between magnetizing inrush currents and power system fault currents, which is quite adequate, reliable, fast and computationally efficient tool. The proposed technique consists of a preprocessing unit based on wavelet transform (WT) in combination with a Fuzzy Logic (FL) for detecting fault currents. The WT acts as an extractor of distinctive features in the input signals at the relay location. This information is then fed into a Fuzzy Logic (FL) for Detect fault and magnetizing inrush conditions. The WT was implemented by using Matlab and Coiflet mother wavelet was used to analyze primary currents and generate tuning data. The simulated results presented clearly show that the proposed technique can accurately discriminate between magnetizing inrush and fault currents in transformer protection.


The effect of ammoniation treatment on the nutritive value of wheat straw was studied in three digestion trials. An in vitro digestion trial was carried out using wheat straw (WS) treated with anhydrous ammonia (NH3, saturated), WS treated with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH, 5 g ammonium/100 g WS dry matter), and untreated WS. Treated straws were stored in a heated room at 29 C for 21 days. Crude protein (CP) content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were increased (P<.05) as follows: 3.6 to 9.8%, 13.8 to 31.8%; 3.6 to 11.0%, 13.8 to 32.9%, respectively, for NH3 and


Sir .—The editorial by Fulginiti about standards of practice was thoughtful and provocative. Standards of practice are of particular importance to those of us in primary care as we do want to practice high-quality medicine. Standards also have their medicolegal implications. However, the means by which these "standards" come into being are of some importance. Dr Fulginiti correctly pointed out the central role of experts in establishing standards and further stated that "practitioners might benefit by knowing that their practices might not conform to some standard held by experts." I would like to add that "experts" might benefit from a review of their "standards" when they do not conform to what is actually being done in primary care practice. The problem of coin ingestion is a good case in point. Forty-five of 65 pediatricians surveyed do not automatically obtain roentgenograms of an ingested coin. I suspect they would if the


We analyze the distribution of $\sum_{i=1}^m v_i \bx_i$ where $\bx_1,...,\bx_m$ are fixed vectors from some lattice $\cL \subset \R^n$ (say $\Z^n$) and $v_1,...,v_m$ are chosen independently from a discrete Gaussian distribution over $\Z$. We show that under a natural constraint on $\bx_1,...,\bx_m$, if the $v_i$ are chosen from a wide enough Gaussian, the sum is statistically close to a discrete Gaussian over $\cL$. We also analyze the case of $\bx_1,...,\bx_m$ that are themselves chosen from a discrete Gaussian distribution (and fixed).
Our results simplify and qualitatively improve upon a recent result by Agrawal, Gentry, Halevi, and Sahai \cite{AGHS13}.


The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a detector array at the South Pole with the central aim of studying astrophysical neutrinos. However, the majority of the detected neutrinos originates from cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere. The rate of these atmospheric neutrinos shows a seasonal variation indicating that the rate changes with the temperature in the stratosphere. These seasonal changes of the atmospheric neutrino energy spectrum will be investigated using the Dortmund Spectrum Estimation Algorithm (DSEA). Based on results obtained from 10% of IceCube's atmospheric muon neutrino data, taken between 2011 and 2018, the differences of the measured fluxes during the Austral summer and winter will be discussed.


A number of postulated accidents that can lead a nuclear power plant (NPP) to a rapid cooling condition known as Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) are analysed. Such PTS, which induce high thermal stresses in the RPV wall, can occur at high or low internal pressure conditions and thus can challenge the integrity of the reactor pressure vessel. It is getting more crucial during operating of a NPP due to radiation embrittlement of the reactor pressure vessels (RPV). In this work, an overview of different transients that could contribute to the risk of a vessel failure for a pressurized water reactor (PWR) is presented. In total, 25 different scenarios were analyzed including large, intermediate and small break Loss-of-Coolant Accidents (LOCA), steam generator tube rupture (SGTR), main steam line break and stuck-open pressurizer (PZR) relief valve scenarios, with different assumptions of emergency core cooling system (ECCS) availability, temperature and operator response time. Screening of all these transients is done using a TRACE model of the reference NPP. Analysis of all transients is performed by calculating key parameters that are characterizing the cooling rate of the internal reactor vessel surface and downcomer (DC), i.e. the minimum fluid temperature in the vessel, primary system pressure and heat flux on the inside of the vessel wall. Comparisons between one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) cylindrical spatial representations of the downcomer and lower plenum are considered. Results of the screening analysis showed that the 3D vessel model is especially crucial during an asymmetric injection of the emergency cooling water by the safety system, for instance, in case of LOCA in a cold leg (CL). The main outcome of the LOCA screening analysis is that a large break and some intermediate break LOCAs in either the CL or hot leg (HL) lead to the most severe PTS conditions. Other analyzed transients, e.g. small break LOCA, stuck-open PZR relief valve (RV) and SGTR, are not severe enough to contribute significantly to the PTS risk, with the possible exception of a stuck-open PZR-RV valve since this has a higher probability of occurrence.


Introduction Cryptosporidium parvum is an intestinal parasitic protozoa which causes self-limited diarrhoea in immunocompetent individuals and devastating and fulminant diarrhoea in immunocompromised patients (Griffiths, 1998). Despite extensive effort in searching for chemotherapeutic agents against cryptosporidiosis, it remains elusive. The major impediment in the use of a promising chemotherapeutic compound is the intrinsic multidrug resistance exhibited by C. parvum towards an array of drugs that is generally effective against similar organisms (Chen et al. 2002). It is postulated that the intrinsic multidrug resistance of C. parvum is mediated by a general transporting mechanism, possibly by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily of transporters. The ABC superfamily of transporters, which consists of more than 1,000 members, is the largest and most widespread protein family known to date. The vast majority of its members are ATP driven transporters, which is responsible of translocating a wide variety of compounds across biological membranes (Higgins, 1992; Ambudkar et al., 1999). Most ABC transporters share a similar architecture: a fundamental structure made up of four domains. Two of these domains are the hydrophobic membrane-spanning domains (MSDs), and two other domains are the hydrophilic nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs). NBDs are evolutionally conserved domains, which have considerable sequence homologies across the entire family, and the homologies range from 30% to 50%. Two NBDs within a transporter show higher similarity to each other than to the respective domains from other member of transporter (Higgins, 1992; Ambudkar et al., 1999). In addition to their physiological functions, ABC proteins have enormous medical relevance. Members of the superfamily, the Multidrug resistance protein (MDR) (Juliano and Ling, 1976) and Multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) (Cole and Deeley, 1993), are almost always associated with the multidrug resistance phenomenon exhibited by many intrinsic or acquired drug resistance cancer cell lines or human pathogens (Davidson, 2002). Transfection studies and investigation on the drug sensitive partial revertant cell lines clearly elaborated the correlation between MDR, MRP and multidrug resistance phenotypes (Gao et al., 1998). The present study aims to explore and characterise the possible mechanisms underlying the MDR characteristic of C. parvum by detecting the presence of ABC transporter protein encoding genes, especially one that shows high similarity to members belonging to the MDR and MRP subfamilies of transporters.


In his large monograph, Harald Gjessing Enderup argues that existing theories and data about universities as organizations are inadequate. Not only is the importance of universities an argument for studying them but, more important, in a postindustrial society more and more organizations will become more university-like (p. 461 ). The author characterizes universities as organized anarchies: Ambiguities concerning goals, ambiguity concerning relation between goals and means, a large degree of autonomy for parts of the organization and a high degree of professionalization are important features of such organizations. Paradigms labelling a university as a bureaucracy, as a political organization and as a community or collegium


Knowing how consumers explore online shopping sites empowers retailers to better plan their locales for route as well as place purchasing suggestions at vital focuses and customize the stream of substance. Visit route ways can be gotten from perusing chronicles or snap streams with arrangement situated data mining systems data mining techniques. KeywordsData Mining Techniques, Online Shopping X -


Abstract To measure the temperature of shaped-charge jets, we fabricated three-layer copper–copper–Constantan liners consisting of a solid copper conical shell with a cone angle of 45° and a wall 1.5 mm thick and a shell pressed into it and rolled from a 1.0 mm thick copper sheet clad on the inside with a Constantan layer 0.5 mm thick by explosive welding. Then, the Constantan layer was partially removed so that only the upper third of the inner surface of the shells remained lined with Constantan. The thickness of the Constantan layer was chosen such that the head of the shaped-charge jet consisted only of Constantan, and the tail of copper, as determined from a thin section of the recovered slug. As a result, a copper–Constantan thermocouple was formed. At the moment of impact of the bimetallic jet on a target, the thermo-EMF signal was measured with an oscilloscope. The obtained thermo-EMF value corresponds to a temperature of 800 ± 80.


Objective: To review the evidence available to support or refute the recommendation to screen for cognitive impairment (cognitive deficits which do not affect daily function) and dementia in primary care. Data Sources: Medline search using terms listed at the end of this article; consultation with experts in the field; review of other published recommendations. Study Selection: There were no articles which described a randomized controlled trial of screening versus no screening. Studies were therefore chosen which aided in the definition; natural history; interventions and outcomes including possible negative effects. Data Synthesis: No systematic synthesis was performed. Background papers were circulated to a panel of experts prior to the Canadian Consensus Conference on Dementia and conclusions endorsed by consensus. Conclusion: 1. There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against screening for cognitive impairment or dementia. (C); 2. Memory complaints should be evaluated and the individual followed to assess progression. (B); 3. When caregivers or informants describe cognitive decline in an individual, these observations should be taken very seriously; cognitive assessment and careful follow-up are indicated. (A) (See Appendix).


Bedotia albomarginata, a new species of Malagasy rainbowfish, is described from forested habitats in the southeastern highlands of Madagascar. The new species is distinguished from congeners by the presence of broad white margins on the second dorsal fin and anal fin in males, a markedly lanceolate caudal fin in adult males, and in life, by a bright yellow to orangish-red anal fin in both sexes. Bedotia albomarginata is known only from small streams and swamps within the upper to middle reaches of the Mananara and Rienana river drainage basins.


A polypeptide quinoxaline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces echinatus. Echinomycin intercalates into DNA at two locations simultaneously in a sequence-specific fashion, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis.


The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Abstract The Minimalist Program in current linguistic theory seeks to explain linguistic structure in terms of economy principles, under the assumption that the human language faculty is a perfect system that performs only enough work to satisfy interface requirements. We consider processing costs as a property of syntactic computation and propose that these principles of economy may be met by the availability of alternative operations, each favorable in different circumstances. We characterize the basic Merge operation as a collection of three nested operations that apply to three corresponding levels of nested syntactic data types. In this framework, we provide an analysis of coordinate structure that uses a goal of minimizing processing cost to explain a number of peculiar characteristics of coordination, including the Coordination of Likes Constraint, the Coordinate Structure Constraint, and apparent case and agreement violations. Acknowledgments This project had its roots in one of the assignments from Ed Barrett's fall 2007 digital poetry class (21W.772), in which I composed a hypertext-interface poem overlaid on an integer lattice spanning the surface of a Klein bottle. The resulting work, in which different infinitely long sentences could be parsed from a sequence of eight repeating words in either direction, inspired me to think about syntactic representations of repeated nested structure versus repeated flat structure. Over the course of two years, the project has gradually evolved into its current form, a development that would not have been possible without the assistance of a number of individuals. My supervisor, Bob Berwick, has my heartfelt gratitude for generously devoting considerable time and energy to discussing ideas with me, directing me to useful resources, and seeing this project to completion. Even in the most difficult of circumstances , Professor Berwick has has gone far beyond any reasonable expectations for a thesis supervisor in order to help me assemble my work into a coherent thesis, and these few words of appreciation cannot express the magnitude of my debt. For their invaluable advice and suggestions and many a fruitful discussion, I would like to thank as everyone else with whom I have had the opportunity to discuss language and computation over the years. Mark Avara and Karen Chu have generously helped out in …


Conduction heat transfer in gaps containing many porous objects has not been widely discussed, even though there are several applications. This study aims to determine the mechanism and calculate conduction heat transfer in porous objects and whether there is a change in the thermal conductivity value. The research started from a mathematical model with a horizontal medium, and the results were matched with the simulation results. Porous objects contain water that can evaporate. This study used clove buds stacked with a certain thickness which caused porous between the piles of cloves. So, this research uses several heat transfer formulas related to porous media. Then a new formula is obtained to get the thickness of the pile of cloves based on the amount of porosity of objects and the porosity between the piles of objects.


Small ruminants are an important livestock species on many island nations of the Eastern Caribbean region and serve as a vital source of food and income. This study was designed to characterise follicular development during the inter-ovulatory interval (interval between 2 consecutive ovulations) under tropical conditions. Non-lactating, 2- to 4-year-old crossbred Barbados-Black Belly×White Virgin Island ewes weighing a mean 30.4kg with mean body condition score 2.9 (score 1-5) were used during September-November for the study. Ewes were maintained in a paddock of 100m2 at the research farm in St. Kitts and Nevis (17.3°N, 62.7°W). Animals were fed daily with 100g of concentrate (17% crude protein) and had free access to elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), mineral salt, water, and shade. Ovaries of 19 females were examined daily for 46 days by transrectal B-mode ultrasonography using a 7.5-MHz lineal array transducer (Honda HS-2200UV, MA, USA) to detect ovulations and growth and regression of antral follicles. Data were analysed using chi-square, Student t-test, or one-way ANOVA. Proportion of females with 2, 3, and 4 follicular waves was 2/19 (10.5%), 10/19 (52.6%), and 7/19 (36.8%), respectively. Mean (±SEM) length of the inter-ovulatory intervals did not differ (P=0.9) among females with 2 (16.5±0.5 days), 3 (16.3±0.4 days), and 4 (16.6±0.2 days) follicular waves, respectively. Mean diameter of ovulatory follicles was 4.4±0.1mm, proportion of multiple ovulations was 11/19 (57.9%), and mean number of follicular waves was 3.3±0.1. Wave emergence was normalized to the first ovulation of the inter-ovulatory interval (ovulation=Day 0). Mean days of wave emergence for 2 follicular waves were Days 1.0±0 and 10.0±0.0; for 3 follicular waves were Days 0.7±0.1, 5.6±0.5, and 10.4±0.3; and 4 follicular waves were Days 0.8±0.3, 4.7±0.6, 8.4±0.5, and 11.7±0.3, respectively. The inter-wave intervals were 9.0±0.0 days for 2 waves; 5.1±0.5 and 4.8±0.3 days for 3 waves; and 3.8±0.5, 3.7±0.3, and 3.3±0.4 days for 4 waves. Growth rate (mm/day) of the largest follicle/wave did not differ (P=07) among animals with 2 follicular waves (1.2±0.7v. 1.1±0.0) or 3 follicular waves (0.9±0.1v. 0.9±0.1v. 1.2±0.2). However, in animals with 4 follicular waves, the largest follicle grew faster (P<0.05) for wave 1 (1.3±0.2) than that of waves 2 (0.5±0.2), 3 (0.6±0.1), and 4 (0.6±0.1). In conclusion, length of inter-ovulatory intervals, emergence of antral follicles, growth, and regression follicles in a wave-like pattern, inter-wave intervals, and diameter of ovulatory follicles in cross-bred ewes under tropical conditions are comparable to that described in sheep from temperate climates.


In my quest for finding a great doctor to take care of the inevitable, there were so many details about the great physicians available that I couldn't distinguish between them — even though I'm a doctor myself.


An improved colorimetric procedure for determining uric acid by the carbonate method in serum and urine is described, using a 20% sodium carbonate solution with urea. Reliable results are also obtained in high concentrations of uric acid.


Despite the compelling simplicity of minimal supersymmetric uni cation, the proton does not decay as predicted. A possible explanation is that real uni cation takes place in a theory which is an electric dual of the MSSM GUT with messengers, which has Landau poles below the GUT scale. As was recently pointed out in Ref. [1], uni cation predictions would be transmitted across such a duality, but proton decay would be negligible. In this paper we present electric Seiberg-duals for the minimal supersymmetric SU(5) GUT (plus messengers) that realise this idea, one particularly nice example being an asymptotically free SU(11)×Sp(1) model. We also discuss how gauge-mediated metastable supersymmetry breaking can be incorporated into an overall uni ed picture. 1 ar X iv :0 90 9. 41 05 v1 [ he pph ] 2 3 Se p 20 09


This article analyses the implied aerobics culture,On the basis of explanation about the present situation of the aerobics culture in the campus culture,the author discuss the effect on development of campus culture.Furthermore,the author comes up with some countermeasures.


Empirical evidence on consumer behavior is of major importance in the formulation and analysis of economic policies. Changes in prices, income level, or decisions regarding taxes or other structural reforms that effect relative prices may produce very different effects depending on family income distribution or also across space. The aim of this paper is to estimate expenditure and own-price elasticities for ten aggregated food product groups using the Spanish Household Budget Survey for the year 2010. These products are the ones for which the survey provides information regarding prices and quantities, thus allowing the application of the Almost Ideal Demand System model (AIDS). This stimation procedure allows comparisons to be made not only among different levels of income, but also how relevant could be the place of residence characteristics. The results confirm that the size of the city in which the household resides has a similar significant and relevant effect on consumption patterns as family income level. This is especially clear with own-price elasticities. In Spain, large cities show a greater response to price changes tan small cities or rural areas.


Library of Gujarat Ayurved University is rich in collections of manuscripts and many other valuable literatures. Total number of manuscripts in the library is 7350; it is preserved in university library as a property of Gulabkunverba Ayurvedic Society and Government of Gujarat. These manuscripts had been handed over to Government of Gujarat by the Ex. Princely State of Gondal Shri Bhagwat Sinhji. Efforts are being made by research scholars for their publication. One of such manuscript is 'Sarasangraha' written by Atreya and the Literary Research Unit has done the translation of the same in Hindi, along with comparative study, which is being published here. In this manuscript, the author has made every effort to make it as a book for common man so that he can utilize the knowledge for primary or initial/simple treatment. It is a compilation of different Samhita granthas and made a clinical book for public use. The author himself admits in the text that Anya granthat samasena likhitam sarasangrahah I
Pathyatam tu visheshena yena vaidyabhidho bhavet II - means this book is a compilation of all the Ayurvedic literatures in concise manner so that the knowledge seeker can gain more clinical knowledge in one book. With regards to the time period of the manuscript, it is inscribed at the end of the manuscript 'Samvat 1920' and the transcripter was Shri Chaturbhuj Dave, a resident of Bhujnagar. He compiled this book by knowledge of Basic principle of Ayurveda and clinical subjects, after offering prayers to God Dhanvantari, he described the Nadi pariksha in the manuscript.


Objective: To identify the viewpoints and perceptions of different stakeholders regarding high cost medicines (HCMs). Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify original research articles. Using predefined categories, data related to the viewpoints of different stakeholders was systematically extracted and analyzed. Results: Thirty seven original research articles matched the criteria. The main stakeholders identified include physicians, patients, public and health funding authorities. The influence of media and other economic and ethical issues were also identified in the literature. A large number of stakeholders were concerned about lack of access to HCMs. Physicians have difficulty balancing the the rational use of expensive drugs while at the same time acting as "patients' advocate". Patients would like to know about all treatment options, even if they may not be able to afford them. The process and criteria for reimbursement should be transparent and access has to be equitable across patient groups. Conclusion: Access to HCMs could be improved through transparency and involvement of all stakeholders, especially patients and the public. Moral issues and the "rule of rescue" could influence decision-making process significantly. At system level, objectivity is important to ensure that the system is equitable and transparent.


The invention relates to a preprocessing method of wood powder. According to the preprocessing method, a mixture of low-viscosity silicone oil and active silicone oil is introduced into a three-phase circulating fluidized bed filled with the wood powder so as to modify the wood powder. The wood powder prepared by the preprocessing method has excellent hydrophobicity and damping resistance, and a wood plastic material prepared from the wood powder has excellent properties; compared with the prior art, the preprocessing method further has the advantages of circulation, environment friendliness, high efficiency, simple process, convenience in industrialization and the like.


A novel size-shifting measuring method for multi-diameter shaft grinding is presented. The principle of size-shifting measuring method is to automatically switch the zero positions of multi-diameter shaft in grinding process. Each steps zero position of the sample part and magnification of the gage head are measured before grinding. The measured values of all these steps are controlled within the gage head measuring range by auto-compensation, so that the grinding process of multi-diameter shaft can be accomplished with only one-step installation and non-stop. The size-shifting software of the function is programmed, and the hardware circuit is designed for active measuring instrument. The experimental measurement on the basis of active measuring instrument is carried out to demonstrate the validity of this suggested method. This method has such advantages as operational simplicity, high efficiency and reasonable accuracy. At the same time, the research result is beneficial to further improving the active measuring instrument.


The longest vertical distance between the upper and lower borders of the liver measured radiologically is suggested for estimating the size of the liver. This parameter, called vertical axis of the liver, was measured in 350 healthy infants and children, and the normal range at different age groups was defined. There was no correlation between palpability of the lower border and vertical axis, which shows that both parameters of the size of the liver depend on the position of the organ, apart from the size. Estimation of the vertical axis is suggested as a complementary measurement for cases where the palpability of the lower border of the liver gives values in the upper normal limits but where there are other reasons to suspect that the liver is enlarged.


This paper proposes a vectorized signal visualization method based on a multi-resolution analysis of the discrete wavelets. We apply our approach to a signal processing of a differential type magnetic position sensor for the metallic objects. At first, to derive a frequency domain information, we apply a conventional FFT analysis to the sensor output signals. Second, we apply a wavelet transform to the sensor output signals. After expanding the sensor output signals into a multi-resolution form, we comprise a series of the signal vectors by combining the low level on and off loaded signals. As a result, we have succeeded in visualizing the no-load and target reaction output signals. Thus, it is revealed that our vectorization methodology based on the wavelet analysis may becomes one of the distinguished methodologies for a signal processing technique.


Abstract : In Fault Modeling and Testing of Complex Systems such as the opto-electronic computing systems, a probabilistic fault model for complex degradable system was proposed. This model has been validated by using an event-driven simulator and fault injector on the representative measures from both replicated and dilated multi-stage interconnection networks. Furthermore, an architecture which integrates the concept of concurrency and distributed test pattern generation for testing complex circuits on a planer layout has been proposed. This approach performs test pattern generation and response analysis concurrently, therefore minimizing testing time for the overall system testing. Circuits are partitioned into segments which can be tested in parallel in testing time bounded by 2 n clock cycles, where n is the maximum no. of inputs for the biggest cluster. The impact on the quality of the patterns generated has been found to be negligible. The software package is called Merced, which performs circuit test as well as performance analysis, with full compatibility with commercial tools.


The purpose of the research is to find out the relationship between well-being and family climate of adolescents. Participants of the study are 640 secondary school adolescents from the state of Punjab. Survey was used to studywell-being and family climate of adolescents. The findings show that a significant relationship exists between well-being and family climate of adolescents. Overall it can be further concluded that the good family climate of adolescent leads to high well-being among adolescents and bad family climate of adolescent leads to low well-being among adolescents.When adolescents perceive their family climate as more autonomy supportive and responsive to their needs, they are less anxious, less depressed and report higher levels of overall life satisfaction.


The operation of HVDC systems using conventional Line Commutated Converters (LCCs) operating with weak AC systems becomes unreliable due to frequent commutation failures which can occur for any small disturbance in the AC networks. The thesis starts with a brief survey of the present state of the art in HVDC systems. This is followed by the descriptions of different subsystems of the CIGRE benchmark model. The basic control characteristics of HVDC systems are discussed and their implementations are described using block diagrams. Finally, different tests are carried out by applying varying faults and step changes in the control parameters. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation package is used to model the CIGRE benchmark and its various control circuits. The performance of the CCC is compared with conventional LCC using the same benchmark model. Finally, a modified version of CCC configuration, namely Hybrid Converter Combination (HCC) configuration is presented. This configuration uses a combination of both a traditional LCC and a CCC. Its viability is assessed in terms of technical suitability and lower overall cost


Author(s): Leonenko, Anna | Advisor(s): Kimonis, Virginia E | Abstract: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare and complex genetic condition. It is characterized by distinct phenotypical features, short stature and morbid obesity, growth hormone (GH) deficiency and hypogonadism. The purpose of this study (N=355 individuals) was to describe differences in PWS phenotypic features by gender, molecular PWS subtype (deletion vs. UPD), and the use of GH and sex hormone (SH) treatments. Hypotheses include 1) Individuals with deletion versus UPD have an increased frequency and more severe features, 2) Individuals treated with GH or SH have normalization of features, 3) The age at the GH or SH treatment initiation impacts the effects of treatment. Individuals with deletions were found to have more frequent incidence of features such as: flat occiput, strabismus, almond shaped eyes, etc. They also tend to be heavier and with smaller head circumferences. Individuals who were treated with GH had lower incidences of some phenotypic features such as: prominent occiput, almond shaped eyes, exotropia, etc. This study has also confirmed that PWS individuals who were treated with GH on average are taller, with lower BMIs, and longer hands and feet. Initiating GH treatment below the age 4 years also demonstrated lower incidence rate of phenotypic features such as micrognathia, slit-like eyes, abdominal fat distribution, etc.The effect of the SH treatment is less obvious and requires further investigation.The results of this study support the benefit of GH treatment for individuals diagnosed with PWS and supports the benefits of starting the GH treatment at a younger age.


The use of fibre-loop memories is being experimented for solving routing contention of data cells in photonic high bit rate ATM switching fabrics.1 The simplest fiber-loop memory looks like a ring laser consisting of a semiconductor laser amplifier (SOA), a span of fibre introducing a delay of the order of an ATM cell duration (10–6-sec) and a 50/50 directional coupler (Fig. 1). To compensate for the power tapping at the directional coupler while avoiding the onset of laser oscillations, the SOA is biased above the ring laser threshold only for a limited number of round trips, then the bias current is switched off. The memory is thus driven through the transition from a state ruled by spontaneous emission toward a state above lasing threshold, in which stimulated emission is predominant. Far enough from the beginning of the transition the intensity fluctuations display a maximum.2,3 The transition is completed after a time depending on the final state intensity.2 These features significantly affect the maximum storage time and noise behavior of the memory.


In the last 70 years, mass media such as radio, motion pictures, recorded music and television have become important agents of socialization. Television in particular is a critical force in the socialization of children. Many parents in essence allow the television set to become a child's favourite "playmate". It is generally agreed that children are exposed to a great deal of violence in the process. Mass media are important in socialization because they provide models of behaviour particularly among children. These models can have powerful effects on their behaviour, leading to behavioural problems. It is against this background that this study examines the relationship between mass media and children's behavioural problem in Kwara State of Nigeria in 2010. To achieve this, survey design was employed among 816 children exposed to mass media. The major research hypothesis tested revolved around the relationship between mass media and children's behavioural problems. The data were analysed using chi-square and Pearson product moment correlation co-efficient to indicate that the two factors were related. Based on this, it was recommended that public policy on media should focus on eliminating violent scenes in the mass media.

 Key words: Mass media, behavioural problems, children, communication, technology.


A conceptual model of integrating the sensor network and the radiative heat transfer equation is developed and presented in this paper. The idea is to present possible deployment of sensor networks in the Ethylene furnace so that valuable input in the form of boundary value can be generated in order to produce intensity distribution and heat flux distribution. Once the location of sensor deployment has been recommended, the mesh at the physical space between the furnace wall and the reactor tube is constructed. The paper concentrates only at 2D model with only 1 U‐bend reactor tube in the ethylene furnace as an initial phase of constructing a complete simulation in real furnace design.


To make an in-depth analysis of consumer satisfaction, marketers are using various appropriate methodologies to gauge the level of customer satisfaction not by just mere figures and diagrams but a comparative systematic analysis of all competitors in a given environment. Marketers have to be agile and responsive to the needs of the consumers. This research paper makes an analysis of paint brands competing in Al Kharj region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In order to improve consumer satisfaction level marketers need to have a thorough understanding of perception and expectation of consumers. This research project present an analysis of how Paint Industries with reference to marketing and sales is performing with finding out the expectation, perception, and satisfaction level of consumer and makes a comparison with various paint players performance in Al Kharj region. The study suggested some strategies for various paint companies so that they can achieve brand leadership and strengthen their core competence.


BACKGROUND
Acute myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death in Chile.

AIM
To report the main features, hospital evolution, complications and pharmacological treatment of patients admitted to Chilean hospitals with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Between 1993 and 1995, the GEMI group registered 2,957 patients admitted to 37 hospitals with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

RESULTS
Mean age of patients was 62 +/- 2 years old and 74% were male. Forty six percent had a history of hypertension and 40% were smokers. During the first five days of admission, 93% of patients received aspirin, 95% received intravenous nitrates, 59% intravenous heparin, 56% oral nitrates, 37% beta blockers, 32% angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, 33% thrombolytic agents, 29% antiarrhythmics and 23% calcium antagonists. Coronary angiograms were performed in 28% of patients, angioplasty in 9% and 8% were subjected to a coronary bypass. Global hospital mortality was 13.4% (19.5% in women and 11.1% in men, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
This work gives a picture of myocardial infarction in Chilean hospitals. Pharmacological treatment is similar to that used abroad, but certainly it can be optimized.


Using our photoionization code CIRRUS, we show that the study of proximity effect on metal elements provides a possibility of placing constraints on the spectral shape of the metagalactic UV background (MUVB). From theoretical point of view, the most optimum indicator of the spectral shape of the MUVB is the ratio OIV/OIII. Unlike previous thought, the ratio SiIV/CIV is not a good indicator of the spectral shape because of its strong dependence on an ionization parameter as well. We also find that the observed excess of CIV systems in luminous QSOs may be a photoionization effect, but not a gravitational lensing effect.


OBJECTIVE
Alcohol use is an established risk factor for intimate partner aggression (IPA); however, few studies have considered whether couple drinking episodes increase the short-term likelihood of IPA episodes. The present ecological momentary assessment study considered the temporal effects of alcohol consumption on IPA perpetration and victimization within a sample of community couples at elevated risk of aggression.

METHOD
Mixed-sex (n = 191), same-sex male (n = 31), and same-sex female (n = 27) cohabiting couples (total N = 249; ages 21-35) made three independent, random reports for 30 consecutive days. Dyadic multilevel modeling was used to examine the impact of each partner's drinking episodes on the occurrence of verbal and physical perpetration and victimization events within the next 4 hr, using the actor-partner interdependence model.

RESULTS
Actor and partner alcohol use increased the likelihood of conflict and likelihood of conflicts involving verbal perpetration and victimization within the next 4 hr; alcohol effects on physical aggression were weaker. Actor alcohol effects on IPA remained significant after the addition of several control variables; partner effects did not. The absence of Alcohol × Gender interaction effects suggests that alcohol effects on IPA do not depend on actor or partner gender or their combination.

CONCLUSIONS
There are robust alcohol effects on the occurrence of verbal aggression perpetration and victimization episodes, with weak effects on physical aggression perpetration. Conflicts that include alcohol are not more likely to include aggression; rather, alcohol increases the likelihood of conflict occurring, with a proportion of those involving verbal aggression. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).


The original two-parameter Weibull distribution used for rolling element fatigue tends to under-estimate life at high levels of reliability. This is due to the fact that a finite life value for which 100% of the population will survive cannot be considered with this method. However, empirical evidence of a minimum life at 100% reliability has been shown for through hardened ball and spherical roller bearings, linear ball bearings, and tapered roller bearings (TRB), however for TRB's there is no mention as to the heat treatment nor is there a method put forth to approximate the data. Therefore, an experimental data set of 9702 TRB's, 98% case carburized (CC), and another data set of 280 through hardened (TH) TRB's were collected and utilized to provide evidence of a finite life at 100% reliability. The current data for both heat treatments appeared to follow that previously published for TRB's, however varied from published work on other bearing types. Next, a three-parameter Weibull distribution was fit to the CC data and found to be equally applicable to the TH data set. Use of this three-parameter Weibull distribution reduced the overall RMS error over both data sets by at least half, and at very high reliability levels by at least one-third compared to the two-parameter Weibull, both conservatively underestimating. However, as there is still some error in the three-parameter Weibull fit and differences in the results based upon bearing type and date of study, more investigation should be conducted in this area to identify the proper variables and the true statistical distribution for all rolling bearing constructions.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


In order to understand how the concept of national identity, currently included in national legislation and curricula, has been formed, our research focuses on the recent history of national identity formation in the absence of the nation-state "frame", i.e. in Latvian diaspora on both sides of the Iron Curtain – in Western exile and in Soviet Latvia. The question of our study is: how was national identity represented and taught to next generations in the national community that had lost the protection of its state? As primers reveal a pattern of national identity practice, eight primers published in Western exile and six primers used in Soviet Latvian schools between the mid-1940s and the mid-1970s were taken as research sources. In primers, national identity is represented through the following components: land and nation state iconography, traditions, common history, national language and literature. The past reverberating with cultural heritage became the cornerstone of learning national identity by the Latvian diaspora. The shared, idealised past contrasted the Soviet present and, thus, turned into an instrument of hidden resistance. The model of national identity presented moral codes too, and, teaching them, national communities did not only fulfill their supporting function, but also took on the functions of "normalization" and control. Furthermore, national identity united generations and people's lives in the present, creating memory-based relationships and memory-based communities.


A bridge's service life is limited by both its structural deterioration and its functional obsolescence as traffic demands grow. In order to rehabilitate and upgrade existing bridges, important investments are necessary. Bridge budgets are always limited, and frequently the owners can deal with only a selection of the problems detected. To be aware of existing in-service problems and to help in rationalizing maintenance decisions, bridge management systems have been developed and put to use in several countries. This paper considers concrete bridge management within a global methodology to be implemented by the authorities, in which the design and construction stages, where important measures to attain durability must be implemented, are also considered. A concrete bridge management system, ready to be implemented at the service stage, is presented, incorporating a knowledge-based system that allows standardization of inspections and assistance in maintenance/repair decision-making based on safety considerations and an economic analysis.


The article deals with the challenges and opportunities of the world tourism industry. We consider green (rural) tourism as an innovative direction of households' activities in rural areas. Furthermore, the development of rural tourism can be a factor of the creation of a positive rural area image and it may attract more investment. Rural areas have a rich cultural and natural heritage worldwide. Thus, its diversity may become a huge asset for those who want to develop in rural tourism. We have analyzed the tourist potential of the Sumy region and defined directions for its development. The touristic map was created. Received results can be used to develop municipal and governmental programs that related to touristic services` infrastructure in rural areas.


DESI NURAFIDA, Chitosan's Effectiveness in Controlling The Growth of Botryodiplodia sp. on jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) in Vitro Way. Supervised by ACHMAD. The problem that frequently occurred in jabon forest plantation is the attack of Botryodiplodia sp. leading to dieback. Biological control is a fascinating subject to study especially the usage of chitosan. this research aims to measure chitosan's effectiveness as an alternative disease control for jabon (A. cadamba) caused by Botryodiplodia sp. in vitro way. The experiment model used are completely randomize design and in time completely randomize design. Treatment consist of adding chitosan liquid to three medias, which is poteto dextrose agar (PDA), czapex, and poteto dextrose broth (PDB) with chitosan's concentration level of 0.0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, and 1.5 %. the Result of the experiment indicated that chitosan addition have significant effect to prevent the growth of Botryodiplodia sp. The best relative prevention score at PDA is 79 %, gained by addition of liquid chitosan 1.0 %, while on czapex and PDB the best score are 73 % and 58 % respectively with addition of 1.5 % liquid chitosan.


We consider distributed real-time systems where concurrency control is managed using software transactional memory (or STM). For such a method we propose an algorithm to compute an upper bound on the response time. We compare the result of the proposed algorithm to a simulation of the system being studied in order to determine its efficacy. The results of our study indicate that it is possible to provide timeliness assurances for systems programmed using STM.


consistent with f123 = 1. If all generators would be a factor 2 larger, the commutator (left hand side) would be a factor 4 larger, and the right hand side a factor 2 larger. To maintain equality the structure constants would have to be multiplied by 2, fabc → 2fabc. The structure constants are thus not completely constant for a given Lie group, since for example 2×(the generators) still generate the same group. They are however invariant under group rotations.


Based on the dynamic finite element theory for analyzing double arched tunnel and soil,the seismic response of shallow double arched tunnel under earthquake is analyzed,and the effects of tunnel's embedded depth and midboard's parameter on the tunnel seismic response are studied.Some useful conclusions are presented.


: This research was undertaken to give students in the local Nigerian environment a hands-on, practical and direct knowledge of Compiler Construction and Automata Theory, with the motivation to make it the Country's first programming language. The project was carried out using the Lex/Flex Lexical Analyzer Generator and the C Language. Compiler construction and automata theory has been one of the tougher subjects for local students in the Nigerian region. The purpose of this research is to make our programmers better understand the processes in program compilation and also catch up with the interest of nonprogrammers who may become fascinated by the exquisiteness of programming when it is only at the highest level, which is more like speaking to a fellow human. Locals and students will also be more interested in the subject matter when they are to learn a Language developed in their country.


One of the vital key elements for providing quality of service (QoS) for VoIP is the call admission control (CAC) capabilities of the session management/call session control function or gateway. Even though the network may be designed to meet a given performance and restoration objective for the engineered traffic loads, the actual traffic may be significantly higher. Without a CAC function in a VoIP network during overloads, links become congested and new calls keep getting admitted. All calls in progress, not just the new calls start dropping packets and experiencing longer delays. Contrast this to a circuit switched network, where new calls get blocked, but calls in progress experience good call quality. In the VoIP case, packet loss could become large enough that calls become unintelligible, callers hang-up their call, and most will reattempt. This paper gives an overview of potential CAC approaches, highlighting four basic alternatives; based on endpoint performance measurements, path-based bandwidth management, link-based bandwidth management, and per-call bandwidth reservation. The paper also recommends a link bandwidth management approach for its scalability and efficacy.


Based on the analysis of the concept,characters,actuality and problems for the designated separate-parcel,the paper discusses some approaches to effectively manage the designated separate-parcel for construction general contractor enterprises combining with FIDIC contract clauses,so as to smoothly achieve the construction task from the items.


Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth; Agreement between Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA) and University of Minnesota (U of M); CMA Reference Number: SAM-4.0-LOGP-UMN; U of M Proposal Number: 9009276; U of M Account Number: 0756-5751; Period: 7/1/90-12/31/91


In this study first spatial pattern of the level of human modification of terrestrial lands and second its relation with population density was studied at Taiba level in the Tigray regional state of Ethiopia.      For the level of human modification of terrestrial lands global Human Modification dataset (gHM) was used and for population density Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4.11) dataset was used. Both the data set were preprocessed before geostatistical analysis. To measure the distribution pattern Global Moran's I statistics, Cluster and Outlier Analysis (Anselin Local Morans I) statistics was used. To measure the relation between population density and human modification of terrestrial lands geographically weighted regression was used. In the case of first objective the resulting z-score of 50.50, confirm the tabias with high Human Modification of terrestrial lands are highly clustered. In case of second objective the results shows 214 Tabias containing high value and are surrounded by Tabias with high values (HH), 10 Tabias containing high value and is surrounded by Tabias with low values (HL). The relation between population density and human modification of terrestrial lands was found positive with R2= 0.506. This research will help the government and planners for proactive spatial planning to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem function before important environmental values are lost in tabias containing high value and is surrounded by Tabias with high values.


Unlike English and Japanese, Spanish has a particle a which in certain contexts can identify a specific reading. Specifically, in object position a [+animate] (or personified) N preceded by a definite article obligatorily takes the particle a, and is ambiguously specific or non-specific (example (3c)). A [+animate] (or personified) N preceded by an indefinite article may optionally take the particle a. When a is present the reading is specific (3a), when it is absent the reading is non-specific (3b) (Torrego, 1998; Zagona, 2002). [-animate] Ns in object position do not take the particle a, and are ambiguously specific or non-specific (3d).


Convention on international mutual administrative assistance for the prevention, investigation and suppression of customs offences. Signed at Paris on 5 April 1991


Juveniles contribute to crime in natural resource-based boom communities, but there has been very little research examining the extent of their involvement. To respond to this gap in the literature, two indicators of youth arrests and court referrals in North Dakota—the state hardest hit by the 2000s oil boom—were examined. Although arrest rates for North Dakota youth were more than two times higher than the national average in 2019, almost three-quarters of them were for minor offenses. In addition, arrest and court referral rates in oil-producing counties were lower than those for non oil-producing counties. When controlling for demographic and economic factors, and county-specific fixed effects in panel analyses from 2011 to 2019, oil production is negatively associated with youth arrest rates, but positively associated with juvenile court referrals. However, oil-producing counties had very strong county-specific fixed effects which on average raised youth arrest and court referral rates. Arrest rates were also positively associated with unemployment rates while median household income was negatively associated with Group B offenses and juvenile court referrals. Implications for future research into the boom-crime relationship are discussed in light of these findings.


CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF TaSi2/Si AND MOS DEVICES USING LABVIEW TM Analyses of current-voltage (1-V) characteristics of Schottky Barrier Diodes (Tantalum Silicide) and Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Devices, using LabVIEW TM, has been presented here. LabVIEW TM , a graphical program development application, has been used to program a computer-driven Keithley Source Measure Unit (SMU) for device characterization. The SMU, which can be used as a Source Voltage — Measure Current as well as Source Current — Measure Voltage instrument, is used in the Source Voltage — Measure Current mode in this study. A General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) IEEE 488.2 has been used to interface the SMU with LabVIEW TM . LabVIEWTM has been successfully implemented to obtain the current-voltage characteristics of semiconductor devices, such as TaSi2 /Si and MOS structures. Based on this characterization, factors such as the barrier height for TaSi2 /Si and current conduction mechanisms in MOS device structures have been evaluated. CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF TaSi2 /Si AND MOS DEVICES USING LABVIEW TM by Prasant Tangirala A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of New Jersey Institute of Technology in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Computer Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering May 2000 APPROVAL PAGE CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF TaSi2/Si AND MOS DEVICES USING LABVIEW TM Prasant Tangirala Dr. N.M.Ravindra, Thesis Advisor Date Professor, Department of Physics, NJIT Dr. Walid Hubbi, Committee Member Date Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NJIT Dr. Edwin Hou, Committee Member Date Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, NJIT Dr. Dentcho Ivanov, Committee Member Date Director of Technical Operations, Microelectronics, NJIT Dr. Oktay Gokce, Committee Member Date Research Professor, Department of Physics, NJIT


Manual formulation of poultry diet by taking into account the fulfillment of all nutrients requirement with least cost is a difficult task. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) shows promising technique to solve this problem. However, there is a lack of studying a good parameter for PSO to solve feed formulation problem since PSO is sensitive to control parameter which depends on the problem. Therefore, this study investigates good swarm size, total iterations, acceleration coefficients, and inertia weight to produce a better formula. PSO with proposed good parameters is compared with other parameters. The obtained result shows that PSO with good parameters choice produces the highest fitness. Furthermore, good parameters of PSO can be used as a reference for a software developer and for further research to optimize poultry diet using PSO.


Experimental and computational investigation made in an symmetric 7° conical diffuser model. The flow through the diffuser is studied with perforated plate . A simple rectangular perforated plate is placed at the inlet of the diffuser. The velocity at the near wall regions of the diffuser are well captured with the probe. The measurements along the entire length of the model at different stations, allow the determination of axial mean velocity component and pressure field parameters, which provide comprehensive information to aid and understand such complex flows. Performance and flow characteristics along the centreline of diffuser are presented. The computational analysis of the flow through the diffuser shows an considerable increase in the pressure by the use of plates. .The predicted axial variations ofstatic pressure along the diffuser are analyzed usingANSYS FLUENT and the modeled was carried out usingCATIA V5.


According to characters of different research ways, the research development of thermodynamic models of metallic melts is systematically introduced, such as solution model method, geometrical model method, interaction coefficient method, analytical method and experienced model method.


Lighting apparatus (10) has a light engine for generating ultraviolet (12). Enclosure (14) surrounds the radiation surrounding the radiation generating area of the light engine (12). At least one wall of the enclosure (14) (28), substantially reflecting ultraviolet rays. Enclosure (14) have exchangeable top part including a phosphor portion (32) to (30). Phosphor portion (32) is spaced from the radiation generating area of the enclosure (14) by a height light engine (12).


Abstract Speech recognition system is shall be composed model of learning from the inaccurate input speech. Similar phoneme models to recognize, because it leads to the recognition rate decreases. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method of speech recognition optimal learning model configuration using the Bhattacharyya algorithm. Based on feature of the phonemes, HMM feature extraction method was used for the phonemes in the training data. Similar learning model was recognized as a model of exact learning using the Bhattacharyya algorithm. Optimal learning model configuration using the Bhattacharyya algorithm. Recognition performance was evaluated. In this paper, the result of applying the proposed system showed a recognition rate of 98.7% in the speech recognition. Key Words : Speech Recognition, HMM, Feature Extraction, Bhattacharyya Algorithm, Optimization Learning Model Configuration * 이 논문은 2013년도 가천대학교 교내연구비 지원에 의한 결과임.(GCU-2013-R138)Received 14 May 2013, Revised 12 June 2013Accepted 20 June 2013Corresponding Author: Sangyeob Oh(The University of Gachon) Email: firstname.lastname@example.comⒸ The Society of Digital Policy & Management. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.otg/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work ISSN: 1738-1916 is properly cited.


This research tests a model of the influence of marketing stimuli to the choice of private colleges in Yogyakarta and Central Java. The study uses confirmatory factor analysis for a model comprising seven marketing stimuli (product, price, place, promotion, people, physical evidence, and process) which influence the choice of private colleges in Yogyakarta and Central Java. Regression analysis model is used to determine the influence of marketing stimuli to the choice of private colleges. Data are gathered through survey to applicants (potential customer) from Yogyakarta and Central Java high schools. This research provides a systematic model to develop a concept of private higher education services in Yogyakarta and Central Java.


RESULTS OF STUDIES PERFORMED ON FIFTY, 1100 DAY OLD, PLAIN CONCRETE PRISMS ARE PRESENTED. THESE PRISMS WERE USED AS UNLOADED COMPANION SPECIMENS TO DETERMINE THE SHRINKAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCRETE USED IN ANOTHER STUDY. SINCE THESE SHRINKAGE SPECIMENS EXHIBITED A ZERO RATE OF SHRINKAGE AT 1100 DAYS AND WERE ESSENTIALLY PRESHRUNK, THEY SHOULD ON LOADING EXHIBIT ONLY THE BASIC CREEP. OBSERVED CREEP STRAINS OBTAINED BY LOADING THESE PRESHRUNK SPECIMENS WERE MUCH LESS THAN THOSE OBSERVED BY KESLER AND ALI. AN EXPLANATION FOR THESE OBSERVED DIFFERENCES IS OFFERED. (ACIJP)


Objective To identify the chemical constituents of Crataegus pinnatifida var. major N. E. Brown by UPLC/ESI-TOF/MS. Methods The method of identification was performed on Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm), the mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile with gradient elution program. The injection volume was 1 μL at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was 50 ℃, and the detection wavelength was set from 260 to 360 nm. The detector was TOF Mass Spectrometer with an ESI ion source. The data were compared with those of the reference substances. Results Thirteen compounds were identified as malic acid(1), citric acid(2), chlorogenic acid(3), anthocyanin B2(4), epicatechin(5), anthocyanin B3(6), vitexin-glucoside(7), rutin(8), hyperoside(9), isoquercetin(10), quercetin(11), ursolic acid(12), and uvaol(13). Conclusion The established method for the determination of chemical constituents of C. pinnatifida var. major using UPLC/ESITOF/MS is simple and reliable.


This paper tries to verify the terminology "conscious time of literature".First,it points out the illogicality of the name "literature".Next,it analyzes the extent and limitation of "consciousness".Then,it analyzes the era background information and proposition when Lu Xun raised this terminology,and points out that the proposition "art for art's sake" is actually not expounded deeply in Chinese language situation.Thus,it draws a conclusion that the theoretical terminology "conscious time of literature" still should be deliberated.


This paper comprehensively considered all kinds of factors that influenced the demand for tourist guides in some tourist cities. It built a model to forecast the demand for tourist guide on the base of BP neural network. It took the tourist city,Guilin as the case study to verify the effectiveness of the method and this forecasting model.


Abstract Two genera of parasitic cheyletid mites, Smileycheles Fain, 1979 (monotypic) and Thryonomycheyla Fain, 1972 (two species), are synonymized with the genus Sciurocheyla Volgin, 1969. An emended diagnosis of the genus Sciurocheyla is provided. Sciurocheyla squamosa (Domrow & Baker, 1963), type species of the genus, and Sciurocheyla camerounensis (Fain, 1979), new combination, are redescribed. Females, males, teleo- and protonymphs of Sciurocheyla funisciurus, new species, collected from Funisciurus pyrrohopus F. Cuvier in tropical Africa are described and illustrated.


This paper presents a concept for the application of particle swarm optimization in geotechnical engineering. For the calculation of deformations in soil or rock, numerical simulations based on continuum methods are widely used. The material behavior is modeled using constitutive relations that require sets of material parameters to be specified. We present an inverse parameter identification technique, based on statistical analyses and a particle swarm optimization algorithm, to be used in the calibration process of geomechanical models. Its application is demonstrated with typical examples from the fields of soil mechanics and engineering geology. The results for two different laboratory tests and a natural slope clearly show that particle swarms are an efficient and fast tool for finding improved parameter sets to represent the measured reference data.


Report with extract of paper - Young people and problem gambling forum report : report of the forum organised by Gambler's Help Youth Action Group and Youth Affairs Council of Victoria, 25 August 2004, pp. 19-21 - http://www.yacvic.org.au/docman/policy-and-publications/safety-health-and-wellbeing/95-young-people-and-problem-gambling-forum-report/file


Modern materials such as magneto-electro-elastic materials are used in the development of smart structures. The magneto-electro-elastic materials possess the dual features that the application of electric field induces magnetization and magnetic field induces electric polarization. The theory of linear magneto-electro-elasticity is applied to solve transient thermal fracture in magneto-electro-elastic cylinder under sudden heating on its outer surface. The equilibrium equations are obtained from the constitutive equations. The governing partial differential equations are deduced by using equilibrium equations of elastic, electric and magnetic fields. The heat conduction equation is solved by separation of variable technique. Hankel transform is applied to solve elastic displacements, electric potential and magnetic potential. The problem is reduced into integral equation involving Bessel functions which is treated exactly using Abel's integral equation. Transient distributions of temperature, stress, displacement and magnetic inductions are derived for magneto-electro-elastic cylinder. Thermal stress, electric displacement and magnetic induction-intensity factors are obtained. The solutions are valid for both impermeable and permeable crack models. The studies are valuable for such material analysis and design.


The aim of the present research was to study the effect of the Friction Stir Welding process on the microstructure and impact toughness of the composites W6A20A (AA6061 reinforced with 20vol.% of Al2O3 particles) and W7A10A (AA7005 reinforced with 10vol.% of Al2O3 particles). FSW, because of the concurrent effect of severe plastic deformation and frictional heating during welding, had effects both on the reinforcing particles and the aluminium matrix. It induced a significant reduction in the reinforcement particles size and their better distribution in the welded zone as well as a grain refinement of the aluminium alloy matrix in the nugget due to dynamic recrystalizzation. The frictional heating, moreover, had effects on the growth, dissolution and re-precipitation of hardening precipitates. The impact tests showed that the total impact energies increased in the FSW composites, respect to the corresponding base materials.


Setting Feixian County of Shandong Province as an example,the soil nutrient conditions under 3 different utilization modes of cultivated land(farmland,orchard and vegetable field) were analyzed. The results indicated that the contents of organic matter in soil from cultivated land of 3 different utilization modes were some lower; the contents of alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen,available phosphorous,rapidly available potassium,available sulfur,zinc,iron,manganese and boron in soil from vegetable field were obviously higher than those in soil from farmland and orchard; the contents of available copper and molybdenum were less influenced by management of cultivated land. The pH value of soil from farmland was the highest and that of soil from vegetable field was the lowest,so the soil from vegetable field had obvious acidification trend.


Java is a popular language programming that is currently much popular and used among practitioners in developing software various types of applications. In java there is an optional package that produces mobile media re output noise and provides a variety of image display, thus can be run on the mobile phone telecommunication facilities. This application provides information about learning statistical materials probability of the chapter and the description of the data. In addition, the make this application interesting is that users can implement the formula which have been presented in this application, such as the formula to calculate the mean (on ??average), median (middle value), and other modes. This scienti c research method is that performed by the writer through several stages i.e. rst stage is the stage of collecting data, then performed the design phase of the input / output, stages programming, and the last stage is the stage of testing program used by writer to run the application with test try on the Sony Ericsson K610i mobile phone. Therefore, in order to run the mobile application this practice is by implement the applications to a mobile device such as java-based mobile phone so that applications can be run properly and useful in the eld of education.


Abstract It is well known that externalities cause fundamental non-convexity problems in the production set. We demonstrate that the differentiable approach is a proper tool. Existence of equilibrium obtains without requiring aggregate convexity in consumption or production. Our model allows general externalities in consumption and production and also price dependency.


Traction Force Microscopy (TFM) is a commonly used technique to compute cellular tractions that cells exert to the surrounding substrate. Traction recovery is an ill-posed inverse problem, which needs regularization to stabilize the solution. Due to its simplicity, Tikhonov or L2-regularization is usually used, but recent studies have demonstrated the increase of sensitivity and resolution in the recovered tractions using an L1-regularization scheme. In this manuscript, we present an approximation that makes feasible the traction recovery on full-size microscope images when working in the spatial domain. We perform also a comparison between the two regularization schemes named before (relying in L2-norm for the data fidelity term) and the full L1-regularization (using L1-norm for both the regularization and data fidelity terms). Our proof of concept using real data reveal that L1-regularizations might give an improved resolution (more accused for full L1-regularization) and a reduction in the background noise with respect to the classical zero-order Tikhonov regularization.


The article deals with a description of the current terminology stream which fl ows at the Academy of Persian Language and Literature (APLL). However, on occasion, the author points some problems out to the readers to draw their attentions to some inconsistencies, brings up some challenging questions and sometimes suggests solutions based on the usual terminological approaches. The article begins with a brief introduction to the history of the Persian Academies in Iran, spanning a period of 75 years. Then it goes into details about the terminology department activities at the present Academy: 1) structure: terminology groups, coordination council, technical committee and terminology council, and pocess: how terminological activities proceed along these parts; 2) products; 3) some other endeavors such as running seminars, offering training programs and doing outsourcing. All examples have been extracted from the real context, terminology records and Faerhaeng-e Važeha-ye Mosaevvaeb-e Faerhaengestan 1997-2006 (A Collection of Terms: Approved by The Academy), 2008. Finally it ends with a conclusion that, owing to a lack of coherent terminology planning, the inconsistencies have creeped in the terminological activities and it refers to some neglected potentialities as well.


This study investigates the prosodic features of Cantonese-English code-mixed speech. It is found that the prosody of the matrix language is hardly altered, while the prosody of the embedded language is assimilated to that of the matrix language. That is, the rhythmic pattern is shifted towards syllable-timing, whereas the variations in the F0 pattern are mainly in the word-final syllable: for a stressed syllable the F0 contour turns flat, while for a post-tonic unstressed syllable the F0 contour falls more steeply than in monolingual English speech. Such F0 variations can be explained by the phonological interaction of English lexical stress and Cantonese lexical tone. In addition, the F0 of the embedded English word tends to become higher due to the embedding effect.


, 1466 (2014); 343  Science et al. Fergus J. Couch Care and Prevention Setting Paradigms in Personalized Cancer BRCA: Two Decades After This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ):  April 2, 2014  www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/content/343/6178/1466.full.html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/content/343/6178/1466.full.html#related found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http://www.sciencemag.org/content/343/6178/1466.full.html#ref-list-1 , 34 of which can be accessed free: cites 94 articles This article http://www.sciencemag.org/content/343/6178/1466.full.html#related-urls 1 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/collection/medicine Medicine, Diseases subject collections: This article appears in the following


Urologic surgery for the gynecologist and urogynecologist , Urologic surgery for the gynecologist and urogynecologist , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز


A 3-year-old female Maltese dog was admitted with cough, dyspnea, and gasping. There was no sign of trauma in history taking. It was speculated that pneumothorax occurred in the right pleural space after X-ray examination. Thoracocentesis and chest tube were applied for 5 days. The symptoms of dyspnea and cough were, however, not relieved or recurred. Exploratory thoracotomy was considered to be the most appropriate approach. Spongiform and air-containing tissue was identified in the whole parenchyma in the right middle lobe. Total lobectomy was performed and then a chest tube was inserted. Atrophy of the right cranial lobe and collapse in the right caudal lobe were identified. In histopathological examination, loss of alveolar septa and dilated alveolar ducts were demonstrated. The patient showed no abnormal symptoms, and the X-ray examination showed no signs of recurrence after surgery. This report describes a rare spontaneous pneumothorax case which is associated with lobal emphysema in an adult dog, but not in puppies with congenital lobar emphysema.


Recent  studies of students'  understanding of physics concepts have suggested that the ideas of work  and  energy  are  particularly  problematic. Watts (1983) has described some of the meanings ascribed to  the  term  energy by children. H e indicates  that  young  children  associate  the  term with human activity; other meanings include energy as an ingredient, a process  or a byproduct of a situation. Very rarely do young secondary school students consider energy as a conserved quantity; rather  it is something  that is active  for a short period and then disappears.


Methods are described, which are produced by foaming for brakes of metal foam, in particular piston. This allows piston with a very small wall thickness and high strength.


This study was to analysis the relationship of local festival image, visitors` satisfaction and festival effectiveness in 2012 Hallyu Dream Festival, and what is the necessary in order to achieve the looking-forward effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to analysis the 2012 Hallyu Dream Festival visitors who participated in the September 21, 2012 from 23 September 2012 . the analysis tool SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 statistical package was used. The result is as follow. First study, festival images were presented 25 questions to assess enjoyment, stimulation and emotional image of ventilation, environmental, design characteristics, the relationship of image is divided into cognitive human-like was derived, the economic effect of the holding of festivals, tourism and social and cultural achievements were derived. Second, environmental factor including image, human-like, design characteristics affected positive(+) impaction, and emotional factor including pleasure and satisfaction to stimulate a significant positive factor for visitors (+) is affected.Third, the effect of visitor satisfaction on local festivals is positively(+) affection.


Methane is a by-product in the digestion of plant material by all cattle and sheep. Effectively it is wasted feed material and energy that could otherwise be available for animal production. It is also a major greenhouse gas (14% of Australia's emissions). Beef cattle contribute 50% of these emissions. Feed materials containing lipid can reduce methane and increase productivity. We evaluated coconut and cottonseed oil containing feed supplements both in the laboratory and as feed supplements for beef cattle. Both supplements increased liveweight gain (up to 20-30 kg)
over a 7 week period. There was no overall increase in methane emissions per head but a substantial decrease in methane emitted per unit of production. We recommended the use of coconut and cottonseed additives, with oil content up to 6%, to increase liveweight gain in cattle and decrease methane per kilogram of average daily gain.


This paper examines fiscal policies available to the government in order to correct pollution externalities. We will consider an overlapping generations model where only the State is capable of managing the environment, through taxation. The competitive equilibrium is therefore not optimal because the economy is faced (1) with supplying a public good, i.e., managing the environment, (2) a pollution externality produced by consumption, and (3) the selfishness of short-lived individuals. We will determine the fiscal structure that enables the optimum and the competitive equilibrium to converge. In order to determine the optimal level of environmental management, we will use the Samuelson rule, modified to factor in the relevant social rate of discount that incorporates the natural rate of depletion. Moreover, we will show how government intervention should not be restricted to neutralizing the flow of emissions. Other than reducing pollution, government action must include an element of optimal management.


translation of two passages from Al-Kindi and of one from Al-Dailami to which references only are given in F.S.; it translates more of the Boethius passage than is quoted on p. 40 in F.S. Cross-reference therefore from one volume to the other is easy. The material is divided into the same three sections as in S.F., viz. Dialogues, Logical works, and Philosophical works, with the addition of a fourth section headed Carmina. A number of passages have been included which do not appear either in Rose or in Walzer, and some are cited at greater length than by Rose. No attempt has been made to provide a critical text; the citations have been taken from 'the best editions', and the whole apparatus criticus consists of fourteen short footnotes (fewer than in S.F.). There is not even any indication of the perpaucae and non audaces emendations which Sir David Ross himself has made; the reader has to discover them empirically. Most of the other footnotes supply identifications either of pronouns or subjects of verbs in the text, or of excerpts quoted by the authors cited. In one footnote (p. 139) we notice some unusual Latin (sc. additionem unius uno), and the heading Testimonia four times (pp. 63, 96, 102, 120) stands over a single passage. There are a number of small misprints, which will cause no trouble to the reader, but it is strange that the date of Rose's second edition is twice (pp. x and 149) given as 1831 (which is actually the date of the first three volumes of the Berlin Aristotle), and that in the table giving Rose's numeration of the fragments with the pages on which they are to be found in the present volume, the heading Trans., which is here meaningless, has been repeated from a similar table in the companion volume. None of these errors, however, impairs the value of the book, which is clearly intended as a working instrument for those who are engaged in studying the fragments, and indeed the publication of it is a witness to the increased interest in this department of Aristotelian scholarship. While not itself claiming to effect any substantial advance, it supplies one of the means which will make such advance possible.