Explored in this study is the use of cement-stabilized open-graded base (CSOGB) to provide a drainage system and construction platform for concrete pavements. Objectives were to (a) assess concrete testing methods for CSOGB and (b) examine cement content versus performance under construction traffic. Modified concrete testing ·methods were used to sample, fabricate, cure, and test cylinders, beams, and cores prepared on site. Large sample sizes were used, specimens were compacted by surface tamping, cylinders were cured in plastic molds, and loading rates were reduced. Laboratory-cured compressive and bending, field-cured compressive and split tensile, and core split tensile and permeability tests were conducted. Strength tests were performed successfully and yielded reasonably consistent results. Permeability was successfully measured using a modified New Jersey falling head permeability apparatus. Low, medium, and high cement content material was placed on grade and used as a haul road during paving. The condition of the CSOGB was monitored during construction and trucks, both loaded with concrete and empty, were counted. Performance under load was found to depend on cement content, truck traffic, sub-layer stability, segre~ation, and surface irregularities. A cement content of 1163 · N/m (200 lb/yd) was suitable for general use, 873 N/m (150 lb/yd) was adequate for low trucking volumes, and 1454 N/m (250 lb/yd) was appropriate for high trucking volumes or poor support conditions.


ABSTRACT In this study, an in-depth investigation of repair weld geometry effects on residual stress distributions in terms of both through-thickness membrane and bending content as well as its contribution to fracture driving force is carried out. Some major findings are: A fundamental difference in residual stress distributions between initial and repair welds can be characterised as a significant elevation of membrane and bending content in transverse residual stresses. The dominance of repair-induced residual stresses over those generated by initial welds suggests that initial weld residual stresses can be assumed negligible in repair weld modelling. A weld repair should be designed as long as possible, as narrow as possible and as shallow as possible.


OF RESEARCH . No more than 200 words covering the following topics: aims of project; research subject group; sample size, type and location; methods of working. Aims : We aim to conduct a: • Formative evaluation of the national implementation of the National Health Service's Care Record Service (NHS CRS) in secondary care and to use the findings to inform the continued roll-out of the NHS CRS • Summative evaluation of the impact of the NHS CRS on the quality, safety and efficiency of healthcare delivery. Research subject group: Participants will consist of key stakeholders and organisations involved in and/or affected by the introduction of the new electronic healthcare record; these include patients and carers, 'frontline' healthcare staff, administrative staff, IT support staff and management teams. Sample size: Up to five hospitals in each of the three NHS CRS implementation clusters. Type and location: Hospitals across England. Methods: A theoretically informed multi-faceted quantitative and qualitative evaluation using the principles of a stepped wedge design to sample hospitals, and integration of realistic evaluation and Cornford et al's evaluation framework to assess the effects of introduction of the NHS CRS. Six complementary work packages will be pursued: i. Implementation, deployment and organisational learning ii. Attitudes, expectations and experiences of patient, professional and managerial stakeholders iii. Organisational consequences of implementation iv. Assessment of costs of NHS CRS implementation v. Assessing error, safety and quality of care vi. Organisational consequences and implications for future IT deployments and evaluations.


Multi-modeling is a recent tool proposed for modeling complex nonlinear systems by the use of a combination of relatively simple set of local models. Due to their simplicity, linear local models are mainly used in such structures. In this work, multi-models having polynomial local models are described and applied in system identification. Estimation of model's parameters is carried out using least squares algorithms which reduce considerably computation time as compared to iterative algorithms. The proposed methodology is applied to recurrent models implementation. NARMAX and NOE multi-models are implemented and compared to their corresponding neural network implementations. Obtained results show that the proposed recurrent multi-model architectures have many advantages over neural network models.


A laser cutting method using a cutting head (10) comprising a laser beam source (F) such as a carbon dioxide laser, and an oxygen feed nozzle (13). To cut thick products (1), e.g. made of a ceramic or iron-carbon alloy, a cooling fluid (19) such as water is delivered onto the surface of the product to be cut on the cutting head side thereof and a negative pressure of at least 0.25 bars relative to the pressure on the cutting head side is generated on the other side of said product. The negative pressure is generated, e.g., by means of a pressure-regulated suction chamber (20) in sealing engagement with the product surface. The method is useful for laser cutting thick products such as steel sheets having a thickness of 10-30 mm.


Solar energy is essential for human race. It spreads itself thin on the entire surface of the globe. The large buildings, which are now essential for the world's growing population, need to be made comfortable for its residents. In certain parts of the year these radiations are not required for the comfort of the residents. If the buildings are allowed to receive these radiations, the expenditure of cooling is excessive. Coatings that reflect the infrared radiation in the near IR region responsible for heat from the solar radiation are formulated with special pigments. In the present paper, patents devoted to preparation of these pigments have been reviewed. Some research work carried out at University Institute of Chemical Technology has also been included. It has been found that there are no theories to predict the infrared reflectivity of a pigment and the best way to find one is to scan the available pigments for their IR reflectivity.


Designing a digital circuit to operate in an extreme temperature range is a challenge with increasing demand for a solution. Large variations in temperature have a distinct impact on electron mobilities causing substantial changes to the threshold voltage of the devices. These physical changes affect the setup and hold times of clocked components, such as D-Flip Flops, of a traditional synchronous digital circuit. Focusing primarily on high temperature circuit operation, this dissertation presents a digital circuit design methodology pairing an asynchronous circuit design paradigm called NULL Convention Logic (NCL) as well as traditional Boolean circuitry with a wide-bandgap semiconductor material, Silicon Carbide (SiC). A total of nineteen circuits have been designed and fabricated. Chip testing results show correct operation for all circuits returned from fabrication, with most performing at or above the targeted temperature of 300°C.


The research on the asset allocation is been shifted from assets management to liability management.An optimal portfolio can be given by the Markowitz portfolio model and the investor's utility function.Researches show that the inflation and stock return have a scenario-based correlation,and assets' return is positive related to the inflation except very high inflation and deflation.As a result,a dynamic asset allocation is needed to use stock to hedge again inflation.This conclusion is hereby useful to the investor's portfolio management,especially the portfolio management of pension.


The smelting and refining operations associated with non-ferrous metal recovery, especially from sulphide raw materials, produce process off-gas at temperatures above 1300°C. The hot off-gas contains concerning quantities of SO2 and a substantial amount of entrained dust particles of which some may occur in the molten or semi-molten phase. Therefore the need arises for adequate treatment of the gas in order to recover energy and dust while meeting process and environmental requirements1. The development of the Outokumpu flash smelting process in 1949 presented the horizontal waste-heat boiler for reduction of waste-heat losses and recovery of flue dust, which, today, is still the proven and dominating technology regarding smelter offgas handling. The gas-cooling step, of which the waste-heat boiler is the principal component, has the most extreme operating conditions due to high gas temperature and high dust load, its is thus a mayor bottleneck and opportunity for process optimization2. The off-gas handling unit also contributes substantially to the main investment cost, up to 25 to 50 per cent, of a smelter3. It is therefore paramount that the design of the gas-handling solution must incorporate an in-depth evaluation and understanding of the process and equipment operation. Considerable development of the wasteheat boiler has taken place since its introduction. These developments include changes in geometry, flow characteristics, cleaning technology and design details. Various modelling attempts have been made in order to improve the understanding of the specific process requirements4,5. Prototyping and online measurements have provided some knowledge, but due to expense and alteration difficulties have fallen short of providing efficient results. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling provides a powerful tool for evaluating designs based on virtual computer prototyping and was used within the present study to simulate the flow and heat transfer through the boiler space in order to identify Computational fluid dynamic modelling of a waste-heat boiler associated with flash smelting of base metal sulphides


Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) is an important hardware used to store route entries in routers, which is used to assist routers to make fast decision on forwarding packets. In order to cope with the explosion of route entries due to massive IP terminals brought by 5G and the Internet of Things (IoT), today's commercial TCAM has to keep the corresponding growth in capacity. But large TCAM capacity is causing many problems such as circuit design difficulties, production costs, and high energy consumption, so it is urgent to design a lightweight TCAM with small capacity while still maintains the original query performance.Designing such a TCAM faces two fundamental challenges. Firstly, it is essential to accurately predict the incoming flows in order to cache correct entries in limited TCAM capacity, but prediction on aggregated time-sequential data is challenging in the massive IoT scenarios. Secondly, the prediction algorithm needs to be real-time as the lookup process is in line-rate. In order to address the above two challenges, in this paper, we proposed a lightweight AI-based solution, called AIR, where we successfully decoupled the route entries and designed a parallel-LSTM prediction method. The experiment results under real backbone traffic showed that we successfully achieved comparable query performance by using just 1/8 TCAM size.


Considers the problem of H/sub /spl infin// stabilization of linear systems with state and measurement delays and exogenous bounded-energy L/sub 2/ disturbances. Specifically, an H/sub /spl infin// control design problem for systems with time delay is addressed. The principal result involves sufficient conditions for characterizing fixed-order (i.e., full- and reduced-order) controllers that satisfy a bound on H/sub /spl infin// performance and guarantee asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system in the face of state and measurement system delay.


High-voltage DC (HVDC) transmission lines offer highly efficient transport of electric energy. If applied to comparatively weak grids, self-commutated converters are the proper choice, because they allow stabilizing the grid in case of faults by injecting reactive power. However, proper control methods have to be applied - normal operation and the reaction to various fault conditions need careful analysis. This becomes even more relevant if the HVDC systems runs in parallel to an HVAC system on the same overhead line tower, increasing the risk of inter-system faults. True multi-terminal functionality is also envisioned. The associated behaviour is defined by asset characteristics, which have to be evaluated carefully. This paper presents layout and structure of a test bench for the evaluation of such asset characteristics and includes first measurement results of the commissioning of the test bench.


Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is the key function of cognitive radio system to identify the available spectrum. However, cooperative paradigms are prone to be threatened by Byzantine attack, and the effect of extensive Byzantine mitigation methods adopting the global decision (GD) as the reputation management mechanism (RMM) is not satisfactory in some instance. In this Letter, according to the delivery of the transmitted data, the authors propose a data transmission status (DTS) in CSS, which is easily implemented without unrealistic assumptions about Byzantine attack. Compared with the GD, simulation results show that the DTS is a robust RMM and provides better CSS performance, even functions well in the blind scenario.


A compact wideband eight-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G smartphone is proposed, which consists of two symmetrical four-element blocks $(\mathbf{6.3}\times \mathbf{90.4} \mathbf{mm}^{\mathbf{2}})$ located on the two long sides of the smartphone. By meticulously arranging a grounded stub between two excitation ports of the adjacent elements, wide impedance bandwidth and high isolation are obtained simultaneously. Then a connect line is added for further decoupling so that four antenna elements can be combined together to form a block, contributing to the compact size. Simulated and measured results show that the -6 dB frequency band of the antenna is from 3.3 to 5.9 GHz, which can cover the 5G N77/N78/N79 (3.3-5 GHz) band and 5G-WIFI band (5150–5850 MHz), and the isolations between elements of the antenna are better than 10.5 dB in the operating band. Also, simulated results show that the total efficiency of the elements of the antenna is 45%-83%, and the envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.17.


This thesis aimed to determine the level of relationship between the use of an Android application of virtual reality in the dissemination of the tourist attractions of Manacamiri 2019, is descriptive-correlational type that evaluates the relationship of the variables: "Mobile application of virtual reality "and" diffusion of the tourist attractions of Manacamiri 2019 ", to achieve the proposed objectives. The study is the non-experimental transaction type. As a data collection technique, surveys were used, because the evaluation of the tourists was evaluated with respect to the Android application and the opinion about the information that the application shows. The data were processed using the statistical software SPSS, which was organized into tables to facilitate their analysis and interpretation of the information. The Pearson chi-square statistical test was used, where in the study population it was found that 60% of the respondents rated the use of virtual reality as good, with respect to interaction, security and access time indicators, On the other hand, when assessing the level of knowledge about tourist attractions, 60% of tourists also said that the information shown by the application is good. When analyzing the relationship of the variables, it was obtained that chi squared calculated (^2 =73.68) is greater than tabulated chi squared (^2 =0.711), besides the Spearman correlation is 0.994, concluding that we accept the Research Hypothesis: The use of a virtual reality application positively influences the increase in the dissemination of knowledge of the tourist attractions of the community of Manacamiri 2019.


The propagation of layer-wise crushing bands in cellular materials under dynamic impact can be described by the plastic shock wave model. A cell-based finite element model of irregular aluminum honeycomb is constructed to carry out several constant-velocity compression tests. The shock wave speed is obtained by the one-dimensional stress distribution in the specimen along the loading direction. The relation between the shock wave speed and impact velocity is obtained and analyzed. It is found that the relation tends to be linear with the increase of the impact velocity. But the shock wave speed tends to be a constant value with the decrease of the impact velocity. A piecewise model is proposed to describe the dynamic stress-strain relation of aluminum honeycombs based on a piecewise hypothesis of the relation between the shock wave speed and the impact velocity together with the one-dimensional shock wave theory. Different stress-strain relations corresponding to different impact velocity regions and different deformation modes are obtained.


Focusing on Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), this paper investigates a company's use of coordinating activities and supply chain management. It is shown that firms approach the use of coordination activities differently, depending on whether the supply chain member is a supplier or a customer. This research indicates that the most significant improvements from the use of EDI occur in companies that emphasise partnerships with suppliers and a systems and information technology focus with customers. When the focus is on accommodating customers or on customer partnerships, no correlation with performance improvements is observed.


Tissue transglutaminase, upregulated by TGFβ, is also highly expressed in primary brain tumors, including gliomas and meningiomas by expression profile microarray. Direct knockdown of transglutminase induced arrest of cell proliferation and cell apoptosis in brain tumor cells. Higher expression of transglutaminase in meningioma tissue correlated to the WHO grading and recurrence. With competitive inhibition by cystamine to the transglutaminase, the cells presented with decreased AKT phosphorylation and increased c-Jun phosphorylation. The addition of cystamine also increase the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL stainings. Furthermore, the S6 ribosome phosphorylation significantly increased, implied the blocking of mTOR pathway. In clonclusion, transglutaminase, possibly linked to TGFβ, maybe a potential adjuvant therapeutic target by decrease of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in primary brain tumors.


Cornish-Rock chickens were given 0.3 ml anti-bursal serum in the pectoral muscle on the first day of life. Three days after serum administration, the modifications were evident both in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus (ponderal involution and decrease of RNA and glycogen contents). Pronounced thymo-bursal differences appeared at 13 days: in the bursa the values were normalized; in the thymus inverse modifications appeared as compared to the 3 days values. The modifications in the adrenals are in agreement with those in the lymph organs.


This paper presents a number of strategies for the stride-across development of Ningbo's cultural industry based on an analysis of the present state of Ningbo's cultural industry development, the problems and opportunities confronting Ningbo's cultural industry development , as well as a disclosure of its basic structure and the dominant features.


This study arises from the need to investigate the effect of physiotherapy on staff with physical disabilities in the University of the Americas, UDLA, and besides looking the most likely complete method to address this population emphatysing not only the physical and biomechanical qualities that humans must have to perform all necessary function in their daily living activities, such also noting physical therapy but can also be evaluated as recommended in the treatment aspect is very little like the participation of subject in society, recreating this experience and how these two aspects to be handled correctly can give a positive complement to the overall rehabilitation of the official. Different tolos from those contained Scales, Test and Questionnaires that were executed in an initial and final evaluation in order to collect as much information as possible to propose a model individualized treatment were used. The results show that the physiotherapy intervention in this vulnerable population has positive results in terms of increased functionality, increased participation and prevention of secondary changes to the underlying pathology…


Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a key component of current medical practice, as it induces effective decision-making regarding patients care, based on the best available evidence [1]. However, del...


Tetrazolium and its derivatives have important applications in medicine, agriculture and imaging technology [1-3]. In particular, tetrazole derivatives have been widely used in photosensitive materials, which has aroused researchers interest [4-6]. For example, l-phenyl-5-mercapto-1,2,3,4-tetrazole is a photosensitive material widely used in domestic and foreign production. Various synthetic methods of tetrazole have been reported [7-10]. Tetrazolium derivatives have been widely used in medicine and life science due to their unique structure and acid-base characteristics. Many of the physical, chemical and biological properties of tetrazole are related to its abnormally high acidity and weak alkalinity [11-13]. In fact, most of the medicinal applications of tetrazole come from the acidity of the tetrazole ring. Tetrazole rings are often found in antihypertensive, antiallergic and antimicrobial agents or candidates, or in anticonvulsive drugs used to treat cancer or AIDS [14-16]. In addition, tetrazole can be used in agriculture as plant growth regulators, herbicides and fungicides or as a stabilizer in photography and photographic imaging [17]. At the same time, the tetrazolium derivatives are also used in explosives, missile propellant and air bag gas generator due to their high decomposition Crystal Structure and Electrochemical Property of Tetrazole Complex of Copper [Cu(pta)2(NO3)2(H2O)2] (pta = 1-Phenyl-1H-tetrazole)


A series of aqueous polyurethane containing fluoromonome(WPU-F)were synthesized from polybutyl-ene adipate(PBA),isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),dimethylolbutyric acid(DMPA),etc.Then the influence of the content of dodecafluoroheptyl methacry-late(MBFA-12)on the property of WPU emulsion,as well as the effects of epoxy resin(E-44)on the properties of WPU emulsion and the water resistance and mechanical performance of the glue film were discussed.The results show that for WPU modified with MBFA-12 and E-44,due to the intensive side-chain CF3 in MBFA-12,which may mainly increase the contact an-gle of WPU and decrease water absorption of glue film,50% is the proper ratio,too high MBFA-12 content will decrease the sta-bility of the WPU emulsion;E-44 mainly improves the crosslinking degree of glue film,further improves the water resistance,and significantly increases the mechanical properties of the glue film as well.


In this study, the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) is implemented through a finite-volume approach to perform 2-D, incompressible, and turbulent fluid flow analyses on structured grids. Even though the approach followed in this study necessitates more computational effort compared to the standard LBM (the so called stream and collide scheme), using the finite-volume method, the known limitations of the stream and collide scheme on lattice to be uniform and Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) number to be one are removed. Moreover, the curved boundaries in the computational domain are handled more accurately with less effort. These improvements pave the way for the possibility of solving fluid flow problems with the LBM using coarser grids that are refined only where it is necessary and the boundary layers might be resolved better.


An antagonistic actinomyces strain A03 was isolated from vegetable soil in suburb of Beijing. In order to evaluate scientifically the applied potential of the strain for the biocontrol of plant diseases, the fungistatic activity of A03 was determined by confronting incubation on PDA plates and control test to the potted plants in greenhouse, and the taxonomic identification of the strain was carried out with morphologi- cal, chemical and molecular methods. The results showed that the strain A03 displayed a broad-spectrum inhibiting activity to all the 15 plant pathogenic fungi tested. Especially, the inhibition zones out to the width of 11.0-12.0 mm were presented by the strain against 4 ones of the pathogens, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, Rhizoctonia cerealis and Pythium aphanidermatum. The biocontrol effect of strain A03 to gray molds of pepper and tomato reached respectively 84.97% and 79.51% in greenhouse. According to the characteristics of morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical, chemical components of cell wall, as well as 16S rDNA sequence, the strain A03 was identified as Streptomyces hygroscopicus.


We consider a model where, for a finite disintegrating system, yields of composites can be calculated to arbitrary accuracy. An analytic answer for yields is also known in the thermodynamic limit. In the range of temperature and density considered in this work, the model has a phase transition. This phase transition is first order. The analytic expression for yields of composites, in the thermodynamic limit, does not conform to the expression $ =a^{-\tau}f(a^{\sigma} (T-T_c))$ where, the usual identification would be that $T_c$ is the critical temperature and $\tau,\sigma$ are critical exponents. Nonetheless, for finite systems, we try to fit the yields with the above expression. A minimisation procedure is adopted to get the parameters $T_c,\tau$ and $\sigma$. While deviations from the formula are not negligible, one might believe that the deviations are consistent with the corrections attributable to finite particle number effects and might then conclude that one has deduced at least approximately the values of critical parameters. This exercise thus points to difficulties of trying to extract critical parameters from data on nuclear disintegration. An interesting result is that the value of $T_c$ deduced from the ``best'' fit is very close to the temperature at which the first order phase transition occurs in the model. The yields calculated in this model can also be fitted quite well by a parametrisation derived from a droplet model.


Objective To establish the substructure of Human Cytomegaloviru(HCMV)IE1 DNA vaccine,this study was designed to construct a recombinant eukaryotic expression vector of IE1 and analyze its expression in eukaryotic cells. Methods HCMV IE1 gene fragment obtained from pNEB193-IE1 by enzyme digestion was inserted into expression vector pEGFP-C1 and was confirmed by SalⅠ/BamHⅠ.Then the recombinant vectorpEGFP-C1-IE1 cut by enzyme digestion was inserted into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(-) and confirmed by EcoRⅠ/HindⅢ and sequencing.The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(-)-IE1 was transfected into HeLa cells.The expressed product of IE1 mRNA was amplified by RT-PCR.Results Restricted enzyme analysis and DNA sequencing showed that recombinant vectors were correct.The expressed product of HCMV IE1 mRNA could be be detected in HeLa cells.Conclusion The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector of HCMV IE1 was successfully constructed,HCMV IE1 mRNA could be expressed in HeLa cells.


This paper investigates the macroeconomic challenges created by a surge in aid inflows. It develops an analytical framework for examining possible policy responses to increased aid, in terms of absorption and spending of aid—where the central bank controls absorption through monetary policy and the sale of foreign exchange and the fiscal authority controls spending. Different combinations of absorption and spending lead to different macroeconomic consequences. Evidence from five countries that recently experienced an aid surge (Ethiopia, Ghana, Tanzania, Mozambique and Uganda) shows no support for aidrelated real exchange rate appreciation in these countries, but indicates that the fear of Dutch disease played an important part in the policy reaction to aid surges. Fiscal and monetary authorities should coordinate their responses to an aid surge, because an uncoordinated response—typically when fiscal authority wants to spend aid while the central bank wants to avoid exchange rate appreciation—can have serious negative macroeconomic consequences.


The utility model relates to a Raney nickel catalyst charging system which comprises a reaction kettle. The Raney nickel catalyst charging system is characterized by further comprising a charging bucket; a cone type cavity bucket body is arranged at the upper end of the charging bucket; the side at the upper end of the cone type cavity bucket body is connected with a handle; an opening at the lower end is connected with a cylinder type cavity pipe; and two holes are longitudinally formed in the side of the lower end of the cylinder type cavity pipe. The Raney nickel catalyst charging system has the advantages that the charging bucket is lifted into the reaction kettle when catalyst is added; the Raney nickel catalyst is directly poured into the cone type cavity bucket body; the handle is shaken so that the catalyst flows into the reaction kettle and the catalyst is prevented from remaining at the opening of the reaction kettle. The device is simple in structure and convenient to operate; and the safety of workers in production is ensured.


Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is a codebook- based non-orthogonal multiplexing technique. In SCMA, the procedure of bit to QAM symbol mapping and spreading of CDMA are combined together and incoming bits are directly mapped to multi-dimensional codewords of SCMA codebook sets. Due to the sparse nature of codewords, SCMA enjoys the low complexity reception, taking advantage of a near optimal message passing algorithm (MPA). This makes SCMA a candidate for supporting massive connectivity in future 5G networks, where the number of users can potentially be higher than the codeword length (spreading factor). To this end, more efficient reception techniques are needed on top of what MPA delivers. In this paper, some complexity reduction techniques are presented to further reduce the SCMA decoding complexity. These techniques are considered from two perspectives: i) transmitter-side technique, by designing SCMA codebooks with a specific structure providing low complexity of detections, and ii) low complexity decoding techniques taking advantage of the SCMA codebook structure. The proposed techniques are evaluated in terms of both complexity and performance. It is shown that significant amount of complexity reduction is possible using the proposed techniques with negligible performance penalty, which paves the way of supporting various applications in future 5G systems using SCMA.


conventional histories of the Counter Reformation such as Zeeden's and O'ConnelTs, where these interests dominate. Thirdly, he views the Catholic revival as "a great spiritual history" (39) but, unlike H. Outram Evennett, his concern is directed much more towards the popular piety of the "masses" and the efforts to evangelize them than towards the formation of a spiritual elite. Finally, the Roman Curia, the Inquisition, the Index of Forbidden Books, the Consistories of Geneva—the author simply excludes these institutions from consideration. The book has been recognized since its publication in French in 1971 as an important contribution by a distinguished historian to a field where comprehensive visions still founder on confessional, national, and methodological prejudices. In accordance with the format of the Nouvelle Clio series in which the book first appeared, the first part is simply a summary, in almost textbook style, of the classic corpus of knowledge about the period. Here the book offers a good overview of events, and is especially perceptive in the chapters on "Holiness" and "World Religion." Otherwise it is undistinguished, except for its geographical and chronological breadth and its firm determination of Trent as the great watershed. The second part, "Historians' Disputes and Directions of Research," is where D.'s theses emerge. There is a long chapter on Jansenism, on which D. renders the apodictic judgment (100) "This problem was the drama of the Roman Church between Luther and Voltaire." The next chapter, on "Religious Sociology and Collective Psychology: Aims and Methods," is based on D.'s conviction, shared with most of his colleagues in France, that "from now on every religious history is necessarily sociological and as far as possible serial and quantitative." His aim: to know the "average Christian" of the past. His conclusion (159-60): the peasants of Western Europe in the Middle Ages were never Christianized; massive efforts of both Catholics and Protestants in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries were directed towards the proper evangelization of this group; the defection of the masses in the nineteenth century shows that the process was only superficially effective (224-31). Christianity has not failed, one must sigh, it has never been tried. The book is provocative, rich with information, sensitive to the complexity of the issues it raises. It is also given to brash overstatement and to a bias for problems peculiar to French Catholicism. The fine Introduction by John Bossy suggests some of its limitations while praising its considerable accomplishments.


The invention relates to a color filter and a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel adopting the color filter, wherein, the color filter comprises a plurality of color light-filtering subunits arranged in an array; each color light-filtering subunit is of the structure of an isosceles trapezoid; moreover, every two adjacent trapezoid structures are inverted relative to each other. Through the isosceles trapezoid structure and the arrangement structure of the color light-filtering subunits, the mixing color effect of the color filter and the softness degree of the picture of the LCD panel adopting the color filter are improved.


Placed under the contention that 'Development will be sustainable only if it is sustainable for all passengers on "spaceship" Earth', the 1968 conference (of complicated title but now commonly simplified as above and below) did not at first have anything like the impact it deserved. And yet it was the outgrowth of the realization, after the second world war, that the demographic explosion and introduction of mechanized methods of land clearance between them imperilled a vast range of the planet's ecosystems and even wider ecocomplexes. That awareness had already triggered the 1948 creation of the first international nongovernmental organization devoted to the protection of Nature — then sporting the acronym IUPN and now still IUCN. This 34-pages booklet presents the speeches made at the Biosphere Conference's Silver Jubilee and UNESCO's current Director-General's moving appeal.* The International Biosphere Programme had been originally intended as a four-years' undertaking, but its success brought it a ten-years' life. Such leading scientists as the late Victor Kovda played a key role in the 1968 Biosphere Conference, and it is rewarding to note that in less than half a century 'protection of nature' evolved into 'resources conservation' and its 'optimal management'. The role of UNESCO's 'Man and the Biosphere Programme' is extolled, and the closer cooperation between UNESCO and FAO duly heralded. Appropriately the speech of Dr E. Barton Worthington underscored the need for interdisciplinary surveys and the concern for problems of water not being limited to arid regions. A main aspect of the 'Man and the Biosphere' programme has been to integrate Man in Nature conservation schemes rather than keeping the former as an external perturbing agent. Human development and Biosphere survival spring from the discovery of ways of using natural resources on a sustainable basis. The programme carries on focusing on five priorities. For the Advisory Committee on Biosphere Reserves, Dr Michel Batisse rejoiced in government and society's expanding interest in biological diversity conservation. The second stage of ad hoc action should include dealing with the links between Biosphere Reserves and sustainable development. This compendium of speeches will be of use to those who are interested in the history of some leading environmental engagement organizations and their planned action for the future. UNESCO's appeal summarizes well the appeal and hopes of all of us who are interested in conservation, management, sustainability, and development.


The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of Taekwondo Kyorugi athletes regarding coach-athlete interaction, sport confidence and whether sport confidence played a positive role in coach-athlete interaction and performance. Three hundred one Taekwondo Kyorugi athletes who have registered as a Taekwondo Kyorugi athlete in K.T.A. in 2014 participated in this study. SPSS 21.0 program and Amos 21.0 program were used for data analysis. Data was analyzed by descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model analysis. The study found as followings: 1) Interaction between Taekwondo Kyorugi coach and athletes influenced sport confidence. 2) Interaction between Taekwondo Kyorugi coach and athlete influenced the athletes' performance. 3) Sport confidence of Taekwondo Kyorugi athletes influenced their performance. 4) Sport confidence of Taekwondo Kyorugi athletes played a partial mediating role in relationship between coach-athlete interaction and performance. The results of this study demonstrated that interaction between Taekwondo Kyorugi coach and athletes had a direct and positive impact on the athletes' sport confidence and performance. Especially, sport confidence not only influenced the athletes' sport confidence and performance, but also played mediating role in coach-athlete interaction and performance which enhance the athletes' performance.


We review the use of a parallel aligned nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator as a very useful and flexible device for polarimetric and interferometric applications. The device acts as a programmable pixelated waveplate, and the encoding of a linear grating permits its use as a polarization beam splitter. When a grating with a reduced period is encoded, the diffracted beams are spatially separated and the device can be used for polarimetric analysis. On the contrary when a large period grating is displayed, the beams are not spatially separated, and they are useful to realize a common path interferometric system with polarization sensitivity. The flexibility offered by the programmability of the display allows non-conventional uses, including the analysis of light beams with structured spatial polarizations.


Background: TBK1 haploinsufficiency has been shown to cause both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD); however, the mechanism is unclear. Methods: A myeloid Tbk1 knockout mice (Tbk1-LKO mice) was established. Motor functional and pathological analyses were also performed. The p-TBK1 was tested by flow cytometry in the ALS animal model and patients. The inflammatory proteins and mRNA was analyzed by Western blot and RT-PCR.Results: We found that the latency to fall in seven-month-old Tbk1-LKO mice was significantly reduced on evaluation on two consecutive days. Overall, 25.6% of Tbk1-LKO mice presented paralysis symptoms and signs along with a loosened myelin sheath and axon degeneration at 14-16 months of age. Furthermore, Tbk1 deficiency in myeloid cells induced inflammatory cell infiltration and dysbacteriosis in the digestive tract. Additionally, p-Tbk1 content was reduced by 29.5% and 14.8% in monocytes of definite ALS and probable ALS patients and decreased by 27.6% and 45.5% in the monocytes and microglia of ALS animals, respectively. PEI-mannose-TBK1 or PEI-mannose-SaCas9-sgRNA for deleting mutant SOD1 in macrophages significantly delayed disease onset and prolonged survival in the ALS mouse model. Conclusions: These data suggest that inflammatory monocyte and macrophage infiltration and impaired innate immune defense are contributing factors to ALS and FTD.


The effects of temperature on the survival of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana in oil formulations were investigated. High-temperature treatment killed conidia. Drying of conidia by adding silica gel to oil formulation greatly increased the temperature tolerance.


Nanoparticle characteristics play a significant role in determining to proper nanocarrier for drug delivery. The improvement of cell response can obtain by simply manipulating the size of the implemented nanocarrier. This study aims to optimize nanoparticle characteristics (size and the polydispersity of chitosan, a common polymer, for further investigation. We used both numerical and experimental studies for this purpose. The coaxial microfluidic device was fabricated for the semi-automatic synthesis of nanoparticles. A real three-dimensional model of the chip was modeled in COMSOL Multiphysics (version 6.0) to evaluate the optimum mixing condition. In the result, the nanoparticle synthesized via microfluidic had a hydrodynamic size of 314 nm with narrow dispersity presented by low polydispersity. Consequently, the correlation between the nanoparticle's size, flow ratio, and mixing condition was discussed briefly.


Brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) of Oryza sativa L. are popularly consumed by Asians because of their important healthy diet components. They are known to contain bioactive compounds and nutrients, such as phenolics, vitamins, fatty acids, and sugars, which help to maintain good health and reduce the incidences of various chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of germination on changes of nutrition-associated proteins in 4 rice cultivars. After germination for 24 h, the changes of seed nutrition-associated proteins were examined by shotgun proteomics. The total proteins from non-germinated seeds and 24 h germinated seeds of 4 rice cultivars were extracted and analyzed by in-gel digestion coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GeLCMS/MS). A total phenolic content was analyzed from the crude methanol extract of those grains after germination for 0, 24, and 48 h using Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The analysis showed that seed nutritionalassociated proteins, especially phenolic-associated proteins, increased after germination according to the accumulation of the total phenolic content. The expressions of 6 phenolic-associated proteins, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, serine carboxypeptidase-like protein, isoflavone-7-O-methyltransferase, isoflavonoid glucosyltransferase, glycosyltransferase family 61 protein and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-Oglucosyltransferase were increased by 2.20 15.90 folds after germination. This study provides evidence that rice germination for 24 h has essentially influenced the increased nutritional values of BR and the phenolic biosynthetic pathway.


We present a compilation of data on the 22 tentatively identified gamma-ray sources from the Third EGRET Catalog which may be detected by the next-generation imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes.


We consider the problem of designing a preemptive protocol that is both fair and efficient when one is only concerned with the sojourn time of the job and not intermediate results. Our Fair Sojourn Protocol (FSP) is both efficient, in a strong sense (similar to the shortest remaining processing time protocol – SRPT), and fair, in the sense of guaranteeing that it outperforms processor sharing (PS) for every nonterminal job in every busy period for any sample path while providing the same performance for the terminal job. Our primary motivation is web serving in which the standard protocol is PS, while recent work proposes using SRPT or variants. Our work suggests both a framework in which to evaluate proposed protocols and an attractive new protocol, FSP. ∗Work supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant No. ANI–9730162. Email:email@example.com, www:http://www.orie.cornell.edu/∼friedman †Work supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant No. DMI–0085165. Email: email@example.com, www:http://www.orie.cornell.edu/∼shane


ZYGMUNT BAUMAN'S IMPRESSIVE WORK on community asserts that: Words have meanings: some words, however, also have a 'feel'. The word 'community' is one of them. It feels good: whatever the word 'community' may mean, it is good 'to have a community', to be 'in a community.' Company or society can be bad; but not the community. Community, we feel, is always a good thing. (Bauman 2001:1) Bauman (2001) begins his book 'Welcome to elusive community', and it is. As a concept, community is slippery, difficult to pin down and deeply frustrating. Yet Anthony Cohen has pointed out 'the remarkable hold that the idea of community exerts over both the intellectual and popular mind' (1985: 7). He goes on: 'the concept of community has been one of the most compelling and attractive themes in modern social science, and at the same time one of the most elusive to define'. Cohen has suggested that it may indeed be this quality of the word, its very vagueness and elasticity, which has led it to be declared by academics in recent years to be no longer relevant. Yet, surely this is the quality that has proved to be an advantage rather than a disadvantage in our fast-growing, complex and globalising world. Being able to use words to mean different things to different groups of people at different times may prove useful. This has allowed the word 'community', in particular, to be of use to governments struggling to find ways to glue together individuals, groups, regions and nations. In 1983 Lee and Newby were able to devise three broad definitions of what community was: community as 'geographical expression' (bounded locality), as 'local social system' (a set of social relations taking place in a locality, a network of interrelationships and the content of these relationships) and, finally, as 'identity' and commonality among a group of individuals (p. 57). More recently, in attempting to analyse the concept of community and to operationalise it, Elizabeth Frazer suggested it was made up of 'network density, relationship complexity, smallness of membership [and] confinement to locality' (1999: 56). All these variations on a theme continue to be intensely relevant and pertinent into the twenty-first century. Bauman adds the notion that community, when interpreted as the negotiation of meaning, promises enormous pleasures. It holds out the possibility that: [C]ommunity is a 'warm' place, a cosy and comfortable place . . . In here, in the community, we can relax - we are safe, there are no dangers looming in the dark corners . . . In a community, we all understand each other well, we may trust what we hear, we are safe most of the time and hardly ever puzzled or taken aback. We are never strangers to each other . . . Our duty, purely and simply, is to help each other, and so our right, purely and simply, is to expect that the help we need will be forthcoming. (2001: 1-2) Charles Taylor argues convincingly against the idea that the individual is independent of society, supporting the view that 'the individual is constituted by the language and culture which can only be maintained and renewed in the communities he is part of ' (1985: 8). He goes on: [T]he community is not simply an aggregation of individuals; nor is it simply a casual interaction between the two. The community is also constitutive of the individual, in a sense that the self-interpretations which define him are drawn from the interchange which community carries on. A human being alone is an impossibility, not just de facto, but as it were de jure. (1985: 8) Community then is, as Cohen (1985) points out, used in a way to indicate that members of a group of people have something in common, something that binds them. At the same time, this very thing also ensures that they have qualities in common which separates them from others. So community is very much a living and relational concept. It marks out boundaries between groups who, for whatever reason, perceive themselves to be different from others. …


This study tested the use of an Augmented/Virtual Reality system (AVRS) as an enhancement tool to increase student engagement, retention and learning in a classroom setting. The study identified trends relating to the interest level of students when curriculum was delivered through a virtual environment. The study used a simulated solar system application of five to ten minutes in duration, which was shown to students from Upward Bound and Developmental English classes. The students were asked to evaluate the VR experience and the researchers noted their verbal responses. In the case of the developmental English class the students were asked to write an essay pertaining to their experience. The results were compiled and analyzed to identify trends that would either confirm or refute the idea of using an AVRS as an enhancement tool in educational settings. The study utilized the Oculus Rift DK2, as well as, the Samsung Gear VR as the delivery method for the "Titans of Space® [which] is a short guided tour of a few planets and stars" (DrashVR LLC, n.d.). A total of fifty students were provided the opportunity to experience the Titans of Space® application, including 29 high school from Upward Bound and 21 college students in the developmental English class. The high school students were presented the experience on a Saturday while taking part in other Upward Bound activities. The developmental English class utilized the application during normal class period. In addition, it should be noted, the use of the AVRS was in conjunction with introductions to engineering concepts such as electrical and computer science, as well as renewable energy, these introductions were intended to facilitate the classroom writing environment. The students in the developmental English class that participated in this study were asked to reflect upon their experience with augmented/virtual reality. Comments in these reflections spoke to their added sense of engagement, their better retention of material, and their increased ability to apply what they had learned to their writing assignments. The reasons they gave for this perception were 1) the ability to be a part of modern and future technological advancements; 2) the sense that they were physically interacting with learning materials in a 3D world rather than through traditional lecture or textbook, 3) the opportunity to rise to higher expectations that involved real-world application in a more advanced field of study, and, finally, 4) the interest they had in how developing technologies, such as augmented/virtual reality, would be impacting their chosen careers. The concept of using augmented/virtual reality in the classroom has been around for quite some time. As early as 2004, it was recognized as having great potential as a teaching style given the way young adults flock to modern technology (Dede, 2004). Given the fact that there are already hundreds of millions of mobile devices using Augmented/Virtual reality already the study assumed that many students would find the experience exciting. Furthermore, it should be noted, the researchers approached the study with some bias towards the use of this media in the class room given the level of current technology, as one paper stated, "In short: a critical mass is forming to support augmented reality products and services as a major tech/media industry. (Kipper & Rampolla, 2012)" which seems to support this idea. The data shown in Figure 1, as well supports the idea that virtual reality system is highly acceptable to young adults of the modern era. Figure 1. Responses observed by study participants As shown in Figure 1, the response was overwhelmingly positive from the study participants. However, it was observed that the Upward Bound students did not show a propensity to consider the AVRS as an educational device but rather as just a cool experience. In conclusion, future research on the AVRS should include some sort of measurable evaluation methods to determine actual responses.


Enhanced 1550 nm near-infrared emission due to a photonic crystal (PC) in zinc sulfide (ZnS) doped with erbium trifluoride (ErF3) has been studied in sputter deposited alternating current thin film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices. The honeycomb structured PC was fabricated into the ZnS:ErF3 layer by electron beam lithography and argon sputtering. A thin film of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was deposited into the honeycomb structure of holes, creating the photonic crystal structure with a dielectric constant mismatch between the ZnS:ErF3 layer and the YSZ of approximately 20. The photonic band gaps were modeled for different values of dielectric mismatch and the honeycomb structure hole diameter and lattice spacing. For the 1550 nm wavelength, the lattice constant and hole diameter typically were ∼748 and ∼342 nm, respectively. The YSZ structured PC ACTFEL device showed a twofold increase in 1550 nm light intensity versus a device without a PC structure. These results could not be explained by clas...


Six African giant rats (AGR) (Cricetomis gambianus) were castrated and two weeks later were given androgen (depo-testosterone) replacement. The effects of these were studied on the red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) and erythrocyte fragility and white blood cell (WBC) of these animals. Castration resulted in reduced values of RBC, Hb, and PCV, but did not affect the WBC count. Castration also affected the integrity of the RBC through its osmotic fragility.


Entering into WTO,Chinese periodals are faced with the newest situation. There is a great distance between Chinese and intenational periodals. This implies that Chinese periodals should make early preparations for the changing exterior circumstances to obtain the survival and development for Chinese periodals.


Aiming at the non-stationary ,burst characteristic of the transient disturbance in power system, the paper introduce a method using the db4 lifting wavelet transform to detect and locate the power quality transient signal, through analyzing the characteristic that the lifting wavelet is fit for detecting the signal catastrophe point of transient disturbance. Using this method to detect and locate the transient power quality disturbance signals like voltage sag, voltage swell, voltage interruption, frequency offset, transient oscillation, instantaneous impulse and ect. in Matlab simulation environment, and the simulation results show that this method realize the location more accurately to the disturbance signals' starting and ending time, and the precision error is less than 1.1%.


Summary: We describe a case in which hyperbaric oxygen therapy was used to salvage ischemic skin flaps after nipple-sparing mastectomy.


The video monitoring system at railway power substations was discussed.The working principles,functions and structural layout of the existing video monitoring system at railway power substations were analyzed.


In recent years,as the technology of computer is developing,the Finite Element Method is used in many engineering.Because the software of ANSYS has the characteristics such as model building simply,fast and conveniently,it becomes the representative of large universal finite element procedure.A general introduction of the finite element,mainly to the use of ANSYS,was given.In addition,the main characters of ANSYS and its primarily functions of analysis were introduced.


PROCEDURE The extent to which exchangeable calcium hydrolysis occurs during the preparation of homoionic calcium montmorillonite clay and the rate of the reaction in distilled water at various supension concentrations and levels of CO2 was determined at 25°C. The rate and extent of hydrolysis was found to be comparable to that reported for sodium montmorillonite and increased with CO, concentration. CEC was appreciably reduced during washing of residual salts while preparing calcium montmorillonite. The mechanism of hydrolysis is discussed. Additional Index Words: leaching, clay, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity. H CLAYS are unstable and transform readily into aluminum-saturated clays (Coleman and Craig, 1961; Eckman and Loudelout, 1961; Barshad and Foscolos, 1970). Sodium clays are also unstable in dilute salt solutions. Kelley (1951) reported that leaching Na-saturated soil with distilled water yielded a concentrated sodium carbonate leachate in the presence of atmospheric CO2; in the absence of CO2, an equivalent concentration of NaOH was obtained. Barshad (1960) found that upon leaching a number of Na-clays with distilled water, about 50% of the adsorbed Na was replaced by Mg and AP derived from the lattice. Bar-On and Shainberg (1970) obtained similar results upon leaching Na-montmorillonite with distilled water. The concentration of Na in the effluent was constant at a value of 1.1 x 10~ mole/liter until all exchangeable Na was replaced by Mg, A1 and H ions. At the end of their experiment, the exchange capacity had decreased and 15% of the clay had dissolved. Shainberg (1973) found that Na-montmorillonite was quite stable as long as the electrolyte concentration was above 0.03./V NaCl. When the electrolyte concentration dropped below 0.001/V, the clay decomposition rate became appreciable. Hydrolysis and decomposition rates depended on the temperature and clay concentration and were proportional to the square root of time. The proportionality constant was also linearly related to the degree of isomorphous substitution in the octahedral layer (Shainberg et al., 1974). Shainberg (1973) proposed that sodium montmorillonite is chemically transformed by two consecutive reactions: (i) exchange between adsorbed Na and H in solution, and (ii) penetration of adsorbed H+ into the crystal to displace octahedral Mg and A1. Shainberg (1973) reported that reaction 1 occurred rapidly and reaction 2 occurred slowly and was the rate-determining step. The objective of this study was to examine the extent of hydrolysis of calcium montmorillonite and to determine its dependence on clay concentration and PC02. This reaction affects the preparation of homoionic clays and the stability of clays in soil environments during leaching with low electrolyte waters. 'Contribution from the ARS, USDA, U.S. Salinity Lab. P.O. Box 672, Riverside, CA 92502. Received 7 Feb. 1977. Approved 22 June 1977. Visiting Soil Scientist and Geochemist, respectively. The clay-size fraction, < 2 fjim, of Wyoming montmorillonite was obtained by allowing coarser fractions to settle in aqueous suspension. Calcium-saturated montmorillonitic clays were prepared by reacting the clay fraction samples three times with IN reagent grade CaCl2. "Partially washed" clays were prepared by washing the clay three times with distilled water (1.0% clay suspensions). "Completely washed" clays were prepared by successively washing with distilled water until the supernatant was almost free of chloride (approximately 5 x 10~ M as estimated using the AgNO3 detection test). The resulting clays were freeze-dried and kept in a desiccator over CaCl2. Aqueous suspensions (50 ml) containing 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5% clay by weight were prepared and placed in po]ypropylene tubes in a shaker for up to 830 hours at 25° C. Electrical conductivity (EC) and pH of the suspensions were measured periodically. Also, pH, EC, Ca, Mg, and Cl were determined in the final solutions. Ca and Mg were determined by atomic absorption and Cl was determined with an American Instrument chloride titrator. This procedure was repeated three times for each sample of "partially washed" clay and twice for "completely washed" clay. After this, the clays were freeze-dried and cation exchange capacity was determined using the sodium acetate method (U.S. Salinity Lab. Staff, 1954). In another set of experiments, the effect of different partial pressures of CO2 on the rate of hydrolysis was studied. Aqueous suspensions (0.25%) of partially washed clay were continuously stirred for 200 hours in closed systems. One was initially open to the atmosphere and subsequently closed after the addition of the clay. The other suspensions were bubbled with a 5% CO2 gas mixture which was previously bubbled through distilled water to saturate the gas with water. EC and pH were continuously monitored in both sets of experiments. The final solutions were analyzed as described previously. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The solution compositions for completely washed clays obtained in each reaction with distilled water are given in Table 1. The data show that adsorbed Ca was hydrolyzed from montmorillonite. The EC of the suspensions increased with time and with the amount of clay present. The EC did not increase linearly with the clay content. As the clay content increased, conductivity increased and proportionally less hydrolysis occurred. This is demonstrated by the values given for the percent Ca hydrolyzed calculated from Ca in solution and corrected for residual CaCl2. The more dilute suspensions with lower EC values underwent greater percent hydrolysis as determined by Ca release and final CEC values. One would expect this since the degree of hydrolysis and decomposition should decrease with increasing solution concentration. The data obtained with the second equilibration demonstrate that the clay has the capacity to undergo further hydrolysis upon re-exposure to distilled water. The EC's obtained after the second equilibration were about 75% of those obtained with the first equilibration. The appearance of soluble Mg in solution suggests that adsorbed H replaces structural Mg and Al, which migrates to the clay surface. The company name is included for the benefit of the reader and does not imply any endorsement or preferential treatment of the product listed by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. 887 Published September, 1977


Interviews several engineering executives to compare "specialist services in design engineering--reliability, value analysis, value engineering, quality assurance and the like..." In-depth article.


Abstract Nano-kaolinite was applied to lightweight wool fabric for imparting fire retardant finish using pad batch as well as exhaust method. The effect of fire retardant treatments on the physico-mechanical properties of wool fabric was studied in detail. Nano-kaolinite incorporated fire retardant formulations showed high fire retardant performance in terms of inclined flammability test, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and thermogravimetric analysis. The characterization of nanoparticles was performed using various analytical instruments. The results inferred that nano-kaolinite treatment by both application methods is effective for improving the fire resistance of wool fabric. The treatment resulted up to 32% enhancement in fire retardant properties.


The invention relates to a tire with radial carcass reinforcement, consisting of at least one layer of metal reinforcing elements, said tire comprising a crown reinforcement, itself radially topped by a tread, said tread being joined to two beads via two sidewalls. According to the invention, the metal reinforcing elements of at least one layer of carcass reinforcement are non-wrapped cables having the permeability test, a rate less than 20 cm / min and in a radial plane, at least on a part of the meridian profile of the tire, the rubber compound thickness between the inner surface of the tire cavity and the point of a metal reinforcing member of the nearest carcass reinforcement of the said inner surface of the cavity is less than or equal to 3.5 mm and the ratio of the rubber mixture of thicknesses between the inner surface of the tire cavity and the point of a metal reinforcing member of the nearest carcass reinforcement of the said inner surface the cavity of two distinct parts of the tire is greater than 1.15.


This paper gives brief presentation of the ongoing Tempus project deals with increasing attractiveness of engineering education in Serbia through innovative teaching methods by introducing remote experimentation as well as trough the strengthening of university-secondary vocational schools collaboration. The project objectives and key activities, which would be carried out in order to produce the expected results, as well as project consortium, are introduced. The best practice in using remote experiments for engineering education at EU partner institutions is elaborated.


[Objective]The aim was to study the obilities of removing nitrite and disconnecting nitrosamine synthesis by extracts from leaves of Punica granatum L.[Method] In simulated gastric juice,the removing nitrite activity of extracts from leaves of Punica granatum L.and the disconnecting nitrosamine synthesis was determined by spectrophotometry,the removal rate of nitrite sodium with the extractives of Punica granatum L.leaves was tested,by the method of hydrochloric acid naphthalene ethylenediamine,and the blocking rate of the synthesis of nitrosamine with the extractives of Punica granatum L.leaves was determined with the method of α-naphthylamine,then,its effect and the action of Vc was compared.And effects of extracts from leaves of Punica granatum L.amount,reaction time and temperature on the removing rate were investigated in this study.[Result] The results showed that the removing activity of extracts from leaves of Punica granatum L.to nitrite increased following with the increase of extracts from leaves of Punica granatum L.amount,reaction time and temperature.[Conclusion]The results provided the theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of Punica granatum L.leaves.


Community context is examined as having a possible causal influence on an individual's occupational status attainment and income. Additive city effects, between-city differences in mean achievement levels, and nonadditive city effects, between-city differences in how important determinants influence these achievements, are examined. The data used represent probability samples from fifteen of the largest U.S. cities. Contrary to evidence from past research, neither additive nor nonadditive city effects are found for occupational attainment. For income, nonadditive effects are not observed; the rather weak additive effects found are further reduced in magnitude when cost of living differences are controlled for. These findings for nonadditivity are interpreted to mean that across large U.S. communities the processes whereby socioeconomic statuses are achieved are homogeneous. Finding no additive effects indicates the relative unimportance of city contextual differences, but also suggests for occupational attainment, the importance of various equilibrating processes operating to match city population compositions with city opportunity structures.


In the current work, a new variation of the FeSiBPCu system with good glass forming ability and soft magnetic properties was developed and investigated. The effect of copper addition on the FeSiBP base alloy was studied in the system (Fe0.77Si0.08B0.1P0.05)100-xCux with x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 at%. Microstructural evolution upon the annealing process was evaluated by XRD and TEM, revealing the formation of α-Fe(Si), Fe2B and Fe3(B,P) crystalline phases. VSM allowed to determine that the combination of chemical composition and microstructure with the best soft magnetic properties after the annealing corresponds with the alloy with 0.75% Cu. In addition, activation energy for glass transition and the first crystallization event were calculated using the Kissinger method. The research findings demonstrated that maintaining the relationship between the main elements, it is possible to keep the good glass forming ability with the possibility of developing a nanocrystalline structure with soft magnetic performance.


The Magnetotelluric exploration profile of Maqu-Beichuan shows the extent and structure characters of upper crust,lower crust and upper mantle along the sections.First,there exists a large nappe structure from north China block to Longmenshan tectonic belt between the overlying strata of upper crust and basement.Second,the thickness of upper crust,especially the one of crystalline basement,limits the stability of blocks.Third,the relief of low-resistivity layer in the crust and the swell or sag of Moho are close correlative to the stability of blocks.


The characteristic scale (G1) of acoustic emission (AE) signals that represent the interactions between bubbles and liquid phase in a stirred tank was obtained by using AE measurement based on wavelet transform and R/S analysis.Since the energy fraction of AE signals in G1 scale change regularly with the impeller speed,a criterion to determine the flooding-loading flow regime transition is presented.When the AE energy fraction in the characteristic frequency scales increased rapidly and began to remain constant,the corresponding impeller speed was the minimum speed to prevent flooding(Nf).Furthermore,the influences of aeration rate and total liquid depth on the criterion were investigated by air-water experiments.It was found that Nf increased with increasing aeration rate but decreased with increasing total liquid depth.By comparing experimental results from AE measurement with those from visual observation,the average relative errors of AE method were no more than 2.62%,better than the power consumption method.Finally,it is concluded that multi-scale analysis of acoustic signals is feasible for determining the flooding-loading flow regime transition and is sensitive,non-intrusive and accurate.


Shear and buoyancy are both known to contribute to the development of boundary layers, whose characteristics include turbulent mixing of scalar quantities within the layer. Purely shear-driven boundary layers include airflow over an airplane wing and stream flow over a bottom surface. Buoyancy-driven boundary layers include the atmospheric convective boundary layer (CBL) and the upper levels of the ocean from the surface to the thermocline. If there is no mean flow (relative to the upper and lower limits of these layers), the CBL can be considered to be purely buoyancydriven. For the atmosphere, pure cases of buoyancy-driven and shear-driven boundary layers are difficult to find. In most situations, both shear and buoyancy are contributors to the growth and the internal structure of the boundary layer. Appropriate understanding of the combined effects of shear and buoyancy on boundary layer dynamics is necessary to best represent CBL effects in numerical weather prediction models. This study explores the effects of wind shear on the growth and structure of the CBL and seeks to relate them within a general dynamical framework.


Since 1982, under an agreement between the California Department of Water Resources and the USDA Forest Service, snow sensors have been installed and operated in Forest Service-administered wilderness areas in the Sierra Nevada of California. The sensors are to be removed by 2005 because of the premise that sufficient data will have been collected to allow "correlation" and, by implication, prediction of wilderness snow data by nonwilderness sensors that are typically at a lower elevation. Because analysis of snow water equivalent (SWE) data from these wilderness sensors would not be possible until just before they are due to be removed, "surrogate pairs" of high-and low-elevation snow sensors were selected to determine whether correlation and prediction might be achieved. Surrogate pairs of sensors with between 5 and 15 years of concurrent data were selected, and correlation and regression were used to examine the statistical feasibility of SWE prediction after "removal" of the wilderness sensors. Of the 10 pairs analyzed, two pairs achieved a correlation coefficient of 0.95 or greater. Four more had a correlation of 0.94 for the accumulation period after the snow season was split into accumulation and melt periods. Standard errors of estimate for the better fits ranged from 15 to 25 percent of the mean April 1 snow water equivalent at the high-elevation sensor. With the best sensor pairs, standard errors of 10 percent were achieved. If this prediction error is acceptable to water supply forecasters, sensor operation through 2005 in the wilderness may produce predictive relationships that are useful after the wilderness sensors are removed. Acknowledgments: We thank David M. Hart of the Department of Water Resources' California Cooperative Snow Surveys for his technical assistance during this study. In 1982 the USDA Forest Service agreed to allow the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) to tempo rarily install fifteen snow sensors in some wilderness areas administered by the Forest Service (FS), in the Sierra Nevada. The intent of the temporary installation was to correlate and, by implication, allow development of prediction equations that would allow water supply forecasters to make predictions of snow water equivalent (SWE) at the wilderness sites on the basis of data collected by sensors in nonwilderness areas. Removal is mandated because, according to the FS, installations such as snow sensors do not comply with the uses of wilderness intended by the Wilderness Act (PL 88-572). This analysis assesses the feasibility of predicting the …


Abstract Introduction: As the use of dietary supplements increases, botanical–drug interaction (BDI) potentials should be evaluated. Boswellia serrata extract (BSE) is traditionally used as an anti...


The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of marketing strategies which were made by Korea commercial sport facilities to overcome economic downturn during the IMF economic crisis and to encourage the sport related companies and institutes to review and utilize some of the findings of this study for their everyday operations and help establish marketing strategy for challenging environment. The subjects for this study are 118 sport center managers from 8 cities such as Seoul, Inchon, Taegu, Taejun, Kwanju, Junju, Mokpo and Cheju. Survey and interview were used as the method of the data collection and collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square for analysis of general characteristics of individual companies in sport industry and changes of their marketing strategy and verification of marketing mix based on their geography. The results are as follows : A Common changes of commercial sport facilities in Korea 1) the changes of commercial ski facilities during IMF were characterized as reduction of the number of employees, decrease of their wage, change of ownership and temporary closure of their operation 2) Most of the commercial sport facilities experienced the decrease of the number of their customers 3) Over all revenue decrease was common during this period of time. B. Marketing mix strategy based on geographical location 1) For product strategy, based on geographical location, there were changes and differences in product and programs, mainstream product strategy and its development purpose. 2) For place strategy, the distribution channel strategy and the level of inconvenience of location. 3) For price strategy, based on geographical location, there were changes and differences in price, price reduction method and objectives and relative price strategy 4) For promotion strategy, based on geographical location, there were changes and differences in public relation managers and, promotion managers as well as market promotion program contents.


The human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) M2-1 protein functions as a processivity and antitermination factor of the viral polymerase complex. Here it is presented the first evidence that hRSV M2-1 core domain (cdM2-1) alone has an unfolding activity for long RNAs, as well as a biophysical and dynamic characterization of the cdM2-1/RNA complex. The main contact region of cdM2-1 with RNA was the α1–α2–α5–α6 helix bundle, which suffered local conformational changes and promoted the RNA unfolding activity. This activity may be triggered by base-pairing recognition. RNA molecules wrap around the whole cdM2-1, protruding their terminals over the domain. The α2–α3 and α3–α4 loops of cdM2-1 were marked by an increase in picosecond internal motions upon RNA binding even though they are not directly involved in the interaction. The results revealed that the cdM2-1/RNA complex originates from a fine-tuned binding, contributing to unraveling interaction aspects necessary to M2-1 activity. IMPORTANCE The main outcome is the molecular description of a fine-tuned binding of the cdM2-1/RNA complex and the evidence that the domain alone has an unfolding activity for long RNAs. This binding mode is essential in the understanding of the function in the full-length protein. Orthopneumovirus, as the human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV), stands out for the unique role of M2-1 as a transcriptional antitermination factor able to increase the RNA polymerase processivity.


As an important way of expression for people to cultivate their emotions, the development process of music has certain similarity with culture, and the integration of music and culture and its further development and improvement is the key point that people must think about. For minority music, its types and materials have certain ethnicity, so we should start from minority music and integrate culture and music. Only in this way can we promote the further improvement of China's cultural soft power. This paper will focus on the relationship between minority music and culture in the historical perspective, so as to promote the integration and innovation of music and culture.


This work is the documentation of the experiment: Recommender System for Sales or Marketing departments of Yamaha Motor de Mexico, which recommends products to offer to the company´s dealers, in this work is the detailed procedure to solve the company's problem using Artificial Intelligence, and it shows the theoretical framework in which this development is encompassed, describes briefly the Neighborhood-Based Collaborative Filtering and analyze the steps to the construction of a Recommender System.
Due to the relation that there is between Business Intelligence, Business Analytics and Recommender Systems, this work describes the basic concepts and enunciates some BI tools and its differences with Recommender Systems.


Turning is one of the oldest and most important manufacturing processes for the production of components in almost every industrial sector. Since the Middle Ages, this process is being continuously developed and adapted to the changing needs. The cutting technology, however, brings the producers to the limits of the technical transability, particularly with regard to small and very small components. Tool wear, tool life, machining forces and heat affected zone became a limiting factor.


We have implemented a hand-held photoacoustic and ultrasound probe for image-guided needle biopsy using a modified clinical ultrasound array system. Pulsed laser light was delivered via bifurcated optical fiber bundles integrated with the hand-held ultrasound probe. We photoacoustically guided needle insertion into rat sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) following accumulation of indocyanine green (ICG). Strong photoacoustic image contrast of the needle was achieved. After intradermal injection of ICG in the left forepaw, deeply positioned SLNs (beneath 2-cm thick chicken breast) were easily indentified in vivo and in real time. Further, we confirmed ICG uptake in axillary lymph nodes with in vivo and ex vivo fluorescence imaging. These results demonstrate the clinical potential of this hand-held photoacoustic system for facile identification and needle biopsy of SLNs for cancer staging and metastasis detection in humans.


Artificial neural networks are the machine learning technique best known in the high-energy physics community. Introduced in the field in 1988, followed by a decade of tests and applications received with reticence by the community, they became a common tool in high-energy physics data analysis. Important physics results have been extracted using this method in the last decade. This lecture makes an introduction of the topic discussing various types of artificial neural networks, some of them commonly used in high-energy physics, other not explored yet. Examples of applications in high-energy physics are also briefly discuss with the intention of illustrating types of problems which can be addressed by this technique rather than providing a review of such applications.


The aim of this article is to offer an object lesson in how historians could make use of feature film as primary source material if they were to use the analytical tools developed in the field of film studies and by historians who started to work with film in the 1970s and 1980s. My own work on representations of maidservants in Swedish feature films in the 1930s and 1940s is used as a case in point. As a concrete example, I consider the trail- blazing blockbuster Vi som gar koksvagen (Gustaf Molander, 1932, 'Servants' Entrance', though not to be confused with the American film of the same name of 1934). In dialogue with the fields of film studies and "film and history", I argue for a historically informed film analysis that treats feature film's form and style, and its 're-historicization', by relating it to the wider context of its production, reception, and the film culture in general. Further, a natural starting-point in any study of the representations of a certain category of people, such as maidservants, would be the different characters in the films in mind. Following the film scholar Richard Dyer, I suggest concentrating in the first instance on how the film stars act in their roles, considering each as a complex intersection between film, film culture, and society as a whole. Again referring to Dyer, I hold that each character captures a certain set of societal principals and values, sifting out types from stereotypes, iden- tifying the ones who represent the overall ideology of the film's narrative and those who do not. Taking a close look at Vi som gar koksvagen, I demonstrate how all these things come together, in an analysis that deepens our understanding of this particular film as a historical source for Swedish society in the 1930s. Paying especial attention to the characters in the film, I discuss various aspects of the film's form (story, plot, narration, parallelisms) and style (setting, properties, acting, make-up, and lightning), in the course of which I relate to other types of material, shedding light on the film's production and reception and on the construction of Tutta Rolf as a Swedish film star. I conclude that it is a surprisingly radical film, celebrating the strong new woman who was part of the new modern Sweden. (Less)


The objective of this study was to determine the potential roles of follistatin and myostatin on body composition under conditions of prolonged physical activity, chronic cold exposure and remote isolation.


Block copolymers of polyisoprene and polystyrene have been synthesised in comparable series of linear diblocks and four-arm stars containing two arms of each chemistry. The linear rheology of melt samples, which had been briefly annealed, revealed relaxation identified with entanglements, mesostructure and with the small domains. Comparison between the linear and star series indicates that the difference in molecular topology hinders the slower relaxations of the microstructure as well as the ordinary viscoelastic relaxations. A mechanism of suppressed diffusion perpendicular to the interfaces is proposed.


Visceral angina is relatively rare. The usual cause is occlusive disease of two of the three major visceral arteries. Isolated celiac axis stenosis has also been stated to cause abdominal pain.1 We present an account of abdominal symptoms apparently related to ex- trinsic compression of the celiac axis.


Plasma and pituitary FSH and LH were measured by nadioimmunoassay at different times during the first ovulation period (from 1100 h on day 28 to 0800 h on day 29) of immature rats pretreated with 3 IU PMS on day 26. Gonadotropin changes were compared with those of normal 4-day cyclic rats during the peniovulatory period (from 1100 h on proestrus to 0800 h on estrus) to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the delay of the second estrus in these PMS-primed rats. A rapid increase of plasma FSH and LH occurred after the critical period in the immature rats as well as in the normal cyclic rats; the peak level of FSH was higher and that of LH lower in immature rats than in adults. Plasma FSH in the immature rats decreased after 2300 h on day 28, contrary to the adults in which elevated plasma FSH persisted until 0500 h of the morning of estrus. The LH surge in the adult rats was transitory showing a different pattern from FSH. In the immature rats the LH surge lasted 3 h longer than in the cyclic rats. Pituitary FSH and LH contents of cyclic rats rapidly decreased after the critical period. FSH was replenished during the night (from proestrus to estrus) despite persisting high plasma FSH levels. In contrast there was only a slight restoration of pituitary LH during this period. On the other hand, in immature rats pretreated with PMS, pituitary FSH and LH contents revealed the same pattern: after the critical period there was a gradual decrease until 0200 h on day 29, followed by a slight increase in the morning. These results indicate that the duration of the FSH surge during the first ovulation period in these PMS-pnimed immature rats may not sustain the threshold time necessary for the initiation of follicular maturation of the new set of follicles for the succeeding estrous cycle. The regulatory pattern of pituitary gonadotropin and/or the sensitivity of the pituitary to gonadotropin releasing factors in the immature rats have not yet differentiated into the regulatory pattern in the adult.


The Manas River is the largest stream in the north margin of the Tianshan Mountains and tectonic activity has distinct influences on the landform in the north margin of the Tianshan Mountains.Based on the filed survey and analysis,the result shows that north-west compression resulted in three rows of folding in the northern piedmonts of the Tianshan Mountains and also is responsible for the fourth fold of the Xihu which is still developing.Every anticline is steep in the northern limb and gentle in the southern limb.The ages of three folds become younger northward,while the altitude and range of the three folds decrease correspondingly.Three fans developed in the shape of cluster,and are controlled obviously by reverse faults.Terraces were warped and faulted by tectonic deformation of the second-class and the third-class folds,indicating that the Tianshan Mountain has been uplifting since Quaternary period,and its compression toward north from sough is causing the piedmontis to continuously expand toward the Junggar basin.


Machine learning-based methods are used for malware detection due to their ability to automatically learn the detection rules from examples. The effective application of machine learning-based methods requires addressing some problems that arise due to adversarial nature of the malware domain. We address three such problems in this dissertation: concept drift, deployable classifier selection, and adversarial configuration of selection-based AV system.
Concept drift results from nonstationary populations. Malware populations may not be stationary due to evolution for evading detection. Machine learning methods for malware detection assume that malware population is stationary i.e. probability distribution of the observed characteristics (features) of malware populations do not change over time. We investigate this assumption for malware families as populations. We propose two measures for tracking concept drift in malware families when feature sets are very large-relative temporal similarity and metafeatures. Our study using the proposed measures on 4000+ samples from three real world families of x86 malware, spanning over 5 years, shows negligible drift in mnemonic 2-grams extracted from unpacked versions of the samples.
A novel classifier selection criterion, called deployability, is proposed. Deployability explicitly takes into account the performance target that the deployed classifier is expected to meet on unseen data. The performance target in conjunction with interval estimate of generalization performance of candidate classifiers can be used to select deployable classifiers. An evaluation of the criterion shows least expected cost classifier may not be deployable for a given cost target and higher expected cost classifiers may be deployable for a given cost target and confidence level. A game-theoretic model of dynamic classifier selection-based AV system is proposed. The model takes into accoint the possible evasion of the selector. A backward induction based equlibrium solution of the game between adversary and defender gives optimal configuration of the classifiers in the systemn for the expected cost of defender to be minimum.
The solutions to each of the three problems would help in effective application of machine learning-based methods to malware detection.


The article analyzes certain aspects of constitutional and legal responsibility. It is noted that on the agenda, Ukraine is tasked with adapting the legislation of Ukraine to the legislation of the EU as much as possible. It is emphasized that at the constitutional level, constitutional-legal responsibility is not recognized as an independent type of legal responsibility, due to which there is a lack of a regulatory-legal basis and an effective mechanism for the implementation of constitutional-legal responsibility, and as a result, a significant number of violations of the Constitution and Laws of Ukraine by public authorities remains without the necessary response. It is noted that the current constitutional legislation of Ukraine establishes separate grounds for constitutional liability and defines specific constitutional sanctions, but it remains informalized by law. The content and components of legal responsibility, including constitutional and legal responsibility, are clarified. It was concluded that, based on the legal nature of legal responsibility, the latter should provide for negative consequences for subjects who violate, ignore, or do not fulfill legal prescriptions. Attention is focused on the problem of understanding and consolidation of constitutional, legal and political responsibility. It is proposed to provide for a pragmatic combination of the implementation of constitutional and legal and political responsibility at the legislative level. It was determined that under the constitutional and legal responsibility of bodies and officials of state power, it is necessary to understand a separate type of legal responsibility, which has a political and legal nature, occurs when the specified subjects commit a constitutional and legal delict and consists in unfavorable, negative consequences, provided for by the norms constitutional law. It is noted that clear observance of the grounds for bringing to constitutional and legal responsibility will serve as a basis for ensuring democracy, rule of law, legality, constitutionality, ensuring human rights, people's power in constitutional and legal relations. It was concluded that a significant drawback of this issue is the actual lack of constitutional regulation of constitutional and legal responsibility. During the disclosure of the issue of constitutional and legal responsibility, strong integrative links of constitutional and legal responsibility with other types of legal responsibility were revealed.


When increasing the degree of fluidity of previously aerated cementitious mixtures, there is a problem of maintaining their correct aeration. Most of the available superplasticizers cause a significant increase of the air content of concrete mixtures. The problem of compatibility of superplasticizer and air-entraining admixture increases in case of multicomponent Portland cement, due to different effects of these additives. It comes down to achieving a compatibility of the three variables mentioned in the title of paper, due to the required air entrainment and consistency of mixture. Achieving compatibility of such a system requires a series of experimental studies that were presented in the paper together with their resulting indications. Originality The research results conducted by the authors proved that in case of previously air-entrained concrete, i.e. performed with the use of that is made with innovative air-entraining multicomponent Portland cement, after the addition of new generation superplasticizer occurs very large increase in air entrainment. The problem of compatibility of superplasticizers with innovative air-entraining multicomponent Portland cement is very important and new. Compatibility testing of superplasticizers with the air-entraining cement with were not conducted. The authors did not find similar results of studies in the literature.


We demonstrate a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensor that provides unprecedented spatial resolution to resolve circumferential variations in shear stress in a scaled-up model of a symmetric bifurcation. The Reynolds numbers for the bifurcation model, based upon the average flow velocity and the tube diameter upstream of the bifurcation, ranged from 6.7 down to 1.34, and correspond to microcirculation levels typical of arteriolar vessels. At these low Reynolds numbers, the wall shear stress was higher within the bifurcation and lower downstream from the bifurcation. Skin friction coefficient values, representing local wall shear stress values normalized by the upstream dynamic pressure, varied by a factor of two or more depending upon the circumferential position within the bifurcation. At a Reynolds number of 6.7, the skin friction coefficient on the lateral interior wall of the bifurcation along the 270deg plane was Cf= 7.1 (corresponding to a shear stress value of 0.0061 dynes/cm2). At the top of the bifurcation along the 180deg plane, Cf= 13 (0.0079 dynes/cm2), and at the medial wall along the 90deg plane, Cf = 10.3 (0.0091 dynes/cm2). The measured skin friction coefficients at various positions correlated well with values derived from an exact Navier-Stokes solution of the flow within the bifurcation


General Comments Overall this a well-written, well-organized contribution to the lowcost sensor literature. The authors demonstrate the importance of bespoke sensor calibration using several techniques, including sensor clustering and various statistical and machine learning techniques. Sensor clustering reduces uncertainty due to intersensor differences and overall accuracy is improved using several statistical/machine learning techniques.


The role of infusional chemotherapy and the value of rituximab with chemotherapy have not been clearly defined in patients with HIV-associated lymphoma. Recent data have provided insights into these questions.


Today, Higher Education Institutions are using ICT to provide administration and management services, develop course materials, facilitate communication among students and increase cooperation and research. Information on how most Universities have integrated ICT and to what stage is lacking. Nevertheless, some studies indicate differences in the level of the use of ICT among HEIs. The present study discusses the framework developed by the Joint Research Centre, European Commission that can be applied to assess digital co mpetency of Higher Education Institutions in India. A questionnaire, based on the above-stated framework has been formulated to assess, analyse and ascertain the status of ICT integration on the 6 parameters – namely - Leadership and Governance Practices, Teaching and Learning Practices, Professional Development of the Teaching and Non-Teaching staff, Assessment Practices, Collaboration and Networking; and Infrastructure. The expected result will be of interest to policymakers and academicians in the field of Higher Education in India.


While no one can predict the future, it is clear that 2019 will be a transformative year for smartphone apps, sensors, chatbots, and much more. Here are 7 trends to follow.


We introduce a class of interest rate models, called the α$\alpha$-CIR model, which is a natural extension of the standard CIR model by adding a jump part driven by α$\alpha$-stable Lévy processes with index α∈(1,2]$\alpha\in(1,2]$. We deduce an explicit expression for the bond price by using the fact that the model belongs to the family of CBI and affine processes, and analyze the bond price and bond yield behaviors. The α$\alpha$-CIR model allows us to describe in a unified and parsimonious way several recent observations on the sovereign bond market such as the persistency of low interest rates together with the presence of large jumps. Finally, we provide a thorough analysis of the jumps, and in particular the large jumps.


[Objective]To explore the effects of 5-BDEs on mRNA and protein expression of c-myc and p53 in breast cancer MCF-7 cells.[Methods]Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were undertaken routine serial subcultivation in DMEM medium . MTT assay was used to investigate cell proliferation. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine mRNA and protein expression of c-myc and p53.[Results]Within the range of 1×(10-4-10-8)mol/L,5-BDEs stimulated MCF-7 cells proliferation with a dose-dependent and time-dependent fashion. The analyses of RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry revealed that treatment with 1×(10-4-10-8)mol/L resulted in increase of mRNA and protein expression of c-myc and inhibition of p53.[Conclusion]5-BDEs has estrogenic bioactivity and could markedly stimulate proliferation of estrogen response breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Up regulations of c-myc mRNA and protein expression are suggested to be involved in this biological effect.