This volume of Periodontology 2000 is dedicated to non-odontogenic infections that may be present in patients attending dental clinics. Dentists therefore need to have a thorough understanding of infectious diseases in order to diagnose such infections correctly and to decide whether they can provide appropriate treatment or whether referral to dental or medical specialists is necessary. It is of utmost importance for dentists to be able to differentiate between infectious and noninfectious illnesses in the oral cavity and between infectious diseases having an oral or a nonoral origin. An increasing number of patients present with systemic diseases or are undergoing treatment with medications that can increase the risk for infections in the oral cavity and in the surrounding tissues. Treatment of opportunistic oral infections caused by underlying systemic or local factors often requires a close collaboration between dentists and medical specialists. Patients in many countries seek dental care at regular appointments, which provides dentists with the opportunity to diagnose illnesses not only in the oral cavity but also in the surrounding body structures. Lack of insight into infectious diseases may cause a delay in the administration of appropriate therapy. Dentists must also be able to distinguish between different types of infections. Too many viral and fungal infections are treated with common antibiotics indicated only for bacterial infections. Moreover, dentists need to be acquainted with the most common medical infections in order to undertake proper safety precautions aimed at preventing the transmission of infectious agents to the dental office personnel.


Literal translation is the major technique applied in James Legge's translation of Shooking.Loyalty and accuracy are based on the literal translation.Inevitably,some translation errors can be found in the translated version.This paper in- tends to present the literal translation and some of the errors from the perspective of dictation.


This study examined the seasonal variations in the physicochemical properties of soil around the vicinity of an iron smelting factory in Fashina area, Ile-Ife, with the aim of monitoring the impact on the soil characteristics, nutrient availability and its possible consequence on the surrounding vegetation. Four study plots, each measuring 50 × 50 m were selected around the iron and smelting Factory. Soil samples were collected randomly and analysed during the rainy and dry seasons at a depth of 0-20 cm, representing the top soil using soil auger. The soil samples were analysed for particle size, soil texture, pH and availability of some basic soil nutrient such as nitrogen, organic carbon, potassium, phosphorus, etc. The study revealed that the physicochemical properties of soil in focus varied across the plots, which may be a consequence of the gradient created by the citing of iron smelting factory, but the data obtained did not significantly varied within the seasons. Furthermore, high organic matter was recorded in all the plots under study; this might be due to the fact that the study area was rich in clay. More clayey soils generally tend to contain higher levels of organic matter, mainly because of the tendency of clays to slow down microbial degradation of organic matter, as clays form clay-humus complexes with organic matter. Also, the heavy metal distribution varied within the two seasons, as most of the metals showed high level of concentration in the rainy season.


The origin,main characteristic,the importance and meaning of chaos theory in design originality were introduced.The application of chaos theory in the three main fields: environment design,product design,and graphic design were analyzed and explained through some examples. It was showed that chaos theory play an immeasurable part in the facets of providing theoretic bases for design originalities and the approaches to the sources of innovation for designers.


In order to allocate the limited higher education and scientific research resources more effectively.It is necessary to study the input-output efficiency of universities and research institutes.Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) is a kind of suitable tool in efficiency or performance evaluation.This paper presents the main research achievements of application DEA in higher education and scientific research from deferent evaluation level and development of evaluation model both home and abroad in recent years,puts forward the future research direction in Higher Education and Scientific research.


As the quantity of electronic systems in automobiles multiplies, so does the risk of intra-vehicle electromagnetic interference. For this reason, electronics in modern vehicles often must meet the CISPR 25 Class 5 test standard, which stringently limits conducted and radiated emissions. Switching power supplies, by their very nature, are rife with EMI, and proliferate throughout an automobile. Low EMI is now a key requirement for automobile power supplies, along with small solution size, high efficiency, thermal proficiency, robustness and ease-ofuse. The Silent Switcher 2 regulator family meets the stringent EMI demands of automobile manufacturers while featuring compact size with integrated MOSFETs and high current capability.


The study identified the motivational needs of early career agriculture lecturers in Rivers and Imo States of Nigeria. Specifically, it determined the socio-economic characteristics of early career agriculture lecturers, identified their motivational needs and determined the relationship between their motivational needs and their socio-economic characteristics. Fifty-two respondents were selected for the study using Multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analysed using both descriptive (mean, frequency, percentages) and inferential statistical tools (Ordinary Least Square regression analysis). Results showed that majority (67.3%) of early career agriculture lecturers were male, 55.8% fell between the ages of 31-40 years, 54.4% had B.SC and M.SC as their highest educational qualification while 30.8% had teaching experience of 3 to 4 years. Happiness in their personal life (M=3.60), good performance of students in courses taught (M=3.40), promotion and opportunity for growth in the organis ation (M=3.35) and effective mentorship by senior colleagues (M=3.25) were found to be the major motivational needs of the agriculture lecturers in the study area. The result of the Ordinary Least Square regression analysis showed that relationship exist between the motivational needs of early career agriculture lecturers and their socio- economic characteristics. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that Federal government in conjunction with other stakeholders in the educational sector should factor out ways of instituting effective incentives that will motivate the lecturers into better performance of their job. Also, the university management should put in place structures that will boost good mentorship system in the universities. Key words: Motivational needs, lecturers, early career, Agriculture


In this paper, microstructure and some properties of various coatings based on WC-Co obtained by the High Velocity Air Fuel technique are discussed. Initially, two WC-Co 83-17 powders of standard and superfine size were examined as a feedstock for a coatings deposition on a steel substrate. A standard Amperit 526.074 powder and an Inframat superfine powder were applied. Then three different sub-micrometric powders, WC, Cr3C2 and TiC were applied to modify the microstructure of WC-Co (Amperit 526.074). The aim of the investigations was to compare the microstructure and basic properties of coatings deposited from different components. The influence of sub-micrometric additions on mechanical properties of basic coatings was analyzed. Microstructure characterization of powders by using SEM and characterization of their technological properties as well, are presented. For all manufactured coatings obtained by a High Velocity Air Fuel method, the microhardness, porosity, adhesion to a substrate, and fracture toughness were determined. An improvement in WC-Co coating properties, as a result of sub-micrometric carbides addition, was revealed.


To improve the editing quality of journal paper comprehensively,the writing principles of scientific papers as well as the inductive analysis of information and materials are applied,meanwhile,we study the new approaches to write and edit the Abstracts of journal papers.Basically,an Abstract is composed of an objective,methods,results and a conclusion,with the distinct characteristics of independence,self-vividness,correctness,and logicality.Not only can the Abstracts make readers get the main points fast,they also supply some conveniences to the construction and maintenance of the scientific technical information data base.Abiding by the editing criterion of the Abstracts and communicating closely with the author,which makes the Abstracts present the main contents of the paper more accurate and more concise,is a shortcut to the broadcast and the application of scientific technological information in the paper.


This paper deconstructs the phenomenon of interpersonal conflict as a significant barrier to achieve desirable practice within the context of a single reflected experience shared by a practitioner within a guided reflection relationship. Based on understanding the key dynamics of intrapersonal and interpersonal conflict, more effective ways of managing conflict in order to accomplish therapeutic intent can be constructed towards becoming more effective in future situations.


ABSTRACT This paper supports the notion that organizational level directives affect the customer service performance of staff. We show that organizations applying service routines and training systems which encourage the development of service capabilities develop a basis for the effective provision of customer services. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the positive attachment the staff member feels toward the organization by way of emotional motivation also influences their approach to customer service provision. This highlights for management the need for positive reinforcement so that staff feel valued in their jobs and feel a positive devotion to their employer.


Abstract In the instant analysis that followed, pundits dubbed the 2014 midterms an election "wave" for the Republican Party. Our article argues that "wave" is one of the most abused terms in American political discourse. Although political waves do exist, our article argues that they come in a variety of shapes, are created by a constellation of factors beyond anti-incumbency, and can have a number of different effects on the next national election cycle. Our analysis shows that the 2014 wave (if there was a wave in the ocean) was neither as large as pundits suggested nor as politically impactful as some spinners have claimed. Elections are determined by terrain and climate, both of which favored Republicans in 2014. Republicans captured or defended Senate seats where they should have in nine deep-red states. Focusing on gubernatorial and Senate campaigns in seven purple states, we see that Republicans won eight out of the 12 contests and five out of the nine most competitive contests. Although there has been an immense amount of attention to turnout, our analysis demonstrates that Republican victories were sometimes due to turnout, sometimes due to performance among independents, and sometimes due to a combination of these factors. This mixed picture complicates the analysis of the Republican victories, suggesting that the Rising American Electorate (youth, minorities, women) will not simply carry the Democrats to victory in 2016, and that anti-Obama public opinion alone will not be enough to deliver the White House to Republicans. It also provides yet more evidence that there is not a one-size-fits-all strategy when it comes to campaign focus and targeting.


Two isomeric Pt(II) complexes, Pt(L1)(CH 3 ) 2 (la) and Pt(L2)(CH 3 ) 2 (2a), based on two isomeric and fluorescent ligands of bis(N-7-azaindolyl)methane, L1 (symmetric) and L2 (asymmetric), have been synthesized and fully characterized by NMR and X-ray diffraction analyses. In the presence of [H(Et 2 O) 2 ][BAr' 4 ](Ar' = 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl), both 1a and 2a are capable of activating a benzene C-H bond readily at ambient temperature. The products from benzene activation by la and 2a have been isolated as [Pt(L1)Ph(SMe 2 )][BAr' 4 ] (1b) and [Pt(L2)Ph(SMe 2 )][BAr' 4 ] (2b). The structures of 1b and 2b have been determined by X-ray diffraction analyses. The phenyl ligand in 2b is bound exclusively trans to the pyrrole nitrogen atom of L2.


The rising energy crisis and environmental problems are urging the development of more sustainable organic synthetic methods. Photoelectrocatalytic organic synthesis (PECOS) is emerging as an attractive strategy because it utilizes...


Technological innovations such as electronic communication networks bypass human intermediaries, increasing competition and reducing transaction costs for electronic trading in financial markets.


This paper summarizes the knowledge and results obtained in the field of designing technological platforms for energy industry. Optimal solution of the layout of elements and material of a number of technological platforms with a specific number of modules was searched. Technological platforms are the main supporting structure of the air-cooled condensers (ACC), which ensure cooling of plants. The fundament of the solution is based on the schema that the platform is composed from the at least one standardized bed containing the supporting surface equipped with the supporting columns and at least one horizontal segment for the condenser exchanger support. The platform structure must ensure sufficient spatial rigidity and stability and ACC functionality. Design requirements are defined both by size and weight of each single module of condenser and the total number of modules in assembly.


Abstract : Although there have been methods in place to control Ozone (O3) for the past 30 years, there are still periods when O3 levels exceed levels dictated by the Environmental Protection Agency as safe. The Southeast U.S. currently maintains 40% of the nonattainment areas in the U.S. Nitric Oxide (NO) plays a significant role in the production of ozone, however the biogenic contribution of this critical trace gas is not clearly understood.


The United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union launched a transformation of the Euro-Atlantic security area, which led to uncertainty and the creation of political forks for key regional actors on military integration. The Euro-Atlantic security complex has moved towards bipolarity with centers in NATO and the EU, but so far this is only a trend. The consequence of Brexit is the strengthening of polycentricity in the European sub-complex of the Euro-Atlantic security area and the strengthening of the leadership of the EU, Paris and London. The future system and structure of this sub-complex largely depends on the results of negotiations between the UK and the EU both on trade and economic issues, and on cooperation in the field of security, defence and foreign policy cooperation. The economic aspects of Brexit are still not clear, the economic losses due to the coronavirus pandemic and the slowdown in the global economy are obvious, which leads to unpredictability in the formation of military and foreign policy budgets of both the UK and the EU member states. The UK intends to establish the most deep and comprehensive military-political cooperation with the EU. In the absence of institutional mechanisms for the interaction of Brussels with London on security issues, the country seeks to strengthen bilateral ties in the field of foreign policy, security and defence with EU leaders, primarily France and Germany. An important influence on the above processes have external actors, among them the United States play a paramount role. The UK is likely to seek its place between the USA and the EU, which will force London to deliberately combine multilateral and bilateral cooperation with individual countries. The security area in Europe will gain more certainty after the conclusion of a political agreement between the UK and the EU, but this will not happen until the conclusion of a trade and economic agreement.


Herbicides, the most widely used agrochemicals, have high solubility in water which poses threat to aquatic life and human health along with different sources of water. Therefore, selective, simple and reliable methods for detection as well as removal of these contaminants from different matrices are required. Amongst different available techniques, molecular imprinting is being used for selective detection of the target molecule amongst various analytes with the advantages of high sensitivity and low cost of production. To understand the interaction between the reactants and implement the technique on large scale, computational modeling has played a significant role. Molecularly imprinted polymers can be designed for specific detection of an individual or a class of herbicides by simulating and understanding the complex behavior of the system. In this review, the current status of different in silico strategies being used to design molecular imprinted polymers of different herbicides has been presented.


Objective To evaluate the correlation between CD+4CD+25 regulatory T lymphocytes and lung cancer.Methods Peripheral blood was obtained from 68 patients with lung cancer and 30 healthy persons.The percentages of CD+4CD+25 cells in total CD+4 cells,the expressive rates of CD+4,CD+56 and the ratio of CD+4/CD+8 were detected by flowe cytometry,the content of TGF-β、IL-10 and IFN-γ was detected by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay.Results The percent of CD+4CD+25 regulatory T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of lung cancer was higher than that of healthy volunteers(P0.05).The level of TGF-β,IL-10 in peripheral blood of lung cancer was higher than that of healthy volunteers(P0.05).The level of IFN-γ in the lung cancer was lower than that of the healthy volunteers(P0.05).Conclusions The relative increase in CD+4CD+25regulatory T cells may be related to immunosuppression and tumor progression in patients with lung cancer.


Grid computing emerges as an effective technology to couple geographically distributed resources and solve large-scale computational problems in wide area networks. There are several popular grid platforms, such as UNICORE and Globus Toolkit. Many famous grid projects are constructed with these platforms, each of which manages different distributed resources. In order to aggregate resources managed by different grid platforms, it is necessary to implement the interoperation among these grid platforms. Security interoperation is one of key issues for the interoperation. CGSP (ChinaGrid Support Platform) and VEGA are two popular grid platforms in China. To achieve security interoperation between these two platforms, four mapping policies, including user-user mapping, user-agora mapping, role-user mapping, role-agora mapping, are proposed in this paper. The security interoperation process is proposed based on SAML specification and the mapping policies. We also analyze the flexibility of mapping policies and the security of the interoperation process.


The study of dynamics of laboratory markers before and after heart surgery makes it possible to predict the risks of postoperative complications. Troponin I is 'the gold standard' for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction, but with an increase in the marker after heart surgery, the interpretation of the results can be difficult. Therefore, the search for new combinations of laboratory markers can help in assessing the degree of myocardial damage after surgery, as well as the risk of complications. Myeloperoxidase as a new laboratory indicator is of interest, since there are many studies on the prognostic value of an increase in this marker in patients with coronary heart disease in the development of cardiovascular complications. In the present study, the dynamics of myeloperoxidase, troponin I, and C-reactive protein in patients (n = 60) with a confirmed diagnosis of coronary heart disease before and after elective coronary artery bypass grafting under cardiopulmonary bypass was assessed. The following results were obtained: an increased level of myeloperoxidase in blood plasma in patients before surgery is an additional indicator in assessing the risk of postoperative complications, regardless of the concentration of C-reactive protein. A correlation was found between the concentration of troponin I and the level of myeloperoxidase in the blood, as well as between the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and the level of MPO 24 hours after surgery.


An L-leucine hydriodide semiorganic crystal has been synthesized and grown by a slow evaporation technique. The lattice parameters of the grown crystal have been confirmed using single-crystal x-ray diffractometry. Various functional groups present in the crystal were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR spectral) assessment. The optical transmission percentage of the crystal was ascertained by UV–vis-near-infrared (NIR) studies. The thermal stability of the crystal was determined by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis curves. The mechanical behavior of the crystal was studied using the Vicker's microhardness analysis. The dielectric properties of the crystal have been investigated for varying temperatures. The second-harmonic generation efficiency was measured by the Kurtz and Perry powder technique and the efficiency is comparable to that of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate.


Cultural resources are pivoted to the development of heritage industry, tourism and economic fortune of a nation. Nigeria has a diverse and rich heritage consisting of natural and cultural sites of universal importance. Economy and cultural imperatives are recognized as the most powerful forces shaping human development. This paper looks at how preserving and promoting cultural heritage is fundamental to the eradication of poverty and usher in peace and harmony and the importance of community participation in implementing such measures. The paper examines federal government policy and the practical challenges of empowering people to harness the economic potentials of their cultural heritage for their material benefits. And therefore recommend the need for the federal , State and Local Government to put in place measures by which youths amongst others are empowered thereby reduction of poverty through the exploitation of our cultural heritage. © 2017 Elixir All rights reserved. Elixir Social Studies 112 (2017) 49442-49445 Social Studies Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal) Abu S. Edet / Elixir Social Studies 112 (2017) 49442-49445 49443 established at different times aimed at self-sufficiency in food supplies and to alleviate poverty. (Esu 2001). Other programmes under Transport, Education and Financial Sector were executed towards poverty alleviation. Skill improvement and creation of avenues for selfactualization were channeled through the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) Peoples and Community Bank Schemes, Collage Industry Scheme and Better Life and Family Support Programme were also geared towards poverty alleviation. To minimize rural/urban migration Family Economic Advancement Programme (FEAP) was established; to develop the potentialities of the local people. Looking at all these programmes executed over the years, through different governance and leadership, programmes in the cultural sector were not prominently pursued. And most of the aforementioned programmes established over the years through different sectors did not achieve their desired objectives of poverty alleviation. Cultural Heritage: Visualizing History For many people, historic sites means places like Mount Vernon, Gettysburg Battlefield, and the Chrysler Building. There is no question of the importance these landmarks and other American icons have had in shaping our cultural identity. But while there is only one nation capitol; there are 50 state capitols and countless country courthouses, city halls, and municipal building. Every state and local government area can boast special places embodying the important stories of past people and events. These places are sources of evidence that document how those who came before us lived and died, worked and played, expressed their creativity and beliefs, and governed themselves. We want people to become more aware of their community resources, the places they may walk by every day. Can Cultural Heritage Contribute To Poverty Eradication, Social Development? To address the question of whether cultural heritage activities can contribute to poverty eradication in Nigeria and other countries, a clear understanding of the terminology is imperative. As used by this author, the term "cultural heritage" includes both the tangible or physical remains of cultural practices and/or performance of a people. Cultural resource management professional now pay attention to the dramatic arts, languages, traditional music, folklore and the spiritual and philosophical systems underlying those creations. In Nigeria, the concept of heritage preservation is new; no distinction is made between natural and cultural heritage and the intangible and tangible aspects of cultural heritage. Today's concept of cultural heritage also incorporates contemporary culture as much as that of the past. Nigeria's National Cultural policy defines cultural heritage as consisting of artistic and cultural expressions. Artistic expression includes "the various art forms and artifacts while cultural expressions includes indigenous knowledge and skills, local languages, values, norms and traditions." the forms of Nigeria's cultural heritage include oral traditions, languages, historic sites, natural sites, sacred sites, museums, handicrafts, rituals and festive events, rites and beliefs, music (vocal and instrumental), traditional knowledge and practices, literature, poetry, folklore, performing arts, traditional medicine, food and cooking, and traditional sports and games. The country's poverty eradication plan must recognize cultural heritage as intrinsically valuable and an important dimension of identity to all Nigerians, cultural heritage should be recognized as a form of capital which when well harnessed can help to move people, especially the rural community out of income poverty. If the community is involved in the cultural heritage project planning process, it can help with decision regarding the location of services beneficiaries, and community leadership. Participation also ensures control over the allocation and mobilization of community resources and the sustainability and ownership of the projects. Turning to community participation, the term implies that people are directly involved in projects intended to improve their lives. Participation is especially important when it comes to cultural heritage projects because culture is a human activity first and foremost, and without people, cultural heritage is meaningless, community participation helps keep the lines of communication between the government and the community open, which, in turn, makes a good approach and conflict prevention, thus bringing in peace and harmony among the people. The third school of thought belongs to the cultural practitioners and the majority of members of local communities. Due to the lack of vital information, they are uncertain whether cultural heritage has potential to reduce poverty. Some of them are skeptical, while others just admit they do not know. One need not look far into Nigeria for proof of cultural heritage's potential as a significant factor in poverty eradication and development. Cultural heritage can directly contribute to poverty eradication by acting as a resource that cultural practitioner and local communities can use to generate income, create employment for themselves and others, and ultimately improve living condition. Today, many young Nigerians are engaged in music – a cultural industry – and earning money from producing and selling recordings and performances. The handicraft industry employs many Nigerians in the commercial production and marketing of items such as baskets, mats and decorations from which they earn an income to support their families. Nigeria also has many traditional healers whose main source of income is the practice of medicine and the sale of medicinal herbs. A good reference is the frequent on-going herbal medicine trade-fares all over Nigeria. UNESCO affirms that in recent years cultural industries have become a significant source of social and economic development and are now recognized as a powerful driving force of world trade, offering great potential for developing economies rich in cultural heritage. Abu S. Edet / Elixir Social Studies 112 (2017) 49442-49445 49444 UNESCO affirms that in recent years cultural industries have become a significant source of social and economic development and are now recognized as a powerful driving force of world trade, offering great potential for developing economies rich in cultural heritage. Recent figures clearly illustrate the economic and job creation potential of cultural industries. In 2001 and 2002, the creative and copyright industries alone accounted for 3.3 percent, 5 percent, and 5.24 percent of the gross domestic products of Australia, the United Kingdom, an United State, respectively. Furthermore, cultural heritage can indirectly contribute to poverty eradication by cultivating environment in which other poverty reduction intervention can succeed. Cultural heritage influences how people make choices and respond to various development initiatives in their localities. If development initiatives ignore cultural considerations, they can easily fall short of achieving the desired impact on the lives of target communities, according to Bernard Bakaye, in the late 1990s, the government of Ugandan had initiated a project to facilitate the transport of goods for the Bakonjo people of the Kasese district in the southwest. The Bakonjo live in the Rwenzori Mountains and have to transport goods from Kasese Town at the foot of the mountains to their communities in the hills. Perhaps due to inadequate consultation and community involvement in the planning process, the government procured male donkeys for use as pack animals. The Bakonjo refused to use the donkeys because according to Bakonjo culture, the carrying of goods is the domain of females. Has cultural considerations been part of the planning process, this unfortunate misunderstanding could have been avoided. The following case studies by Bernard Bakaye show some of the ways in which cultural heritage and community participation can continue to play central roles in government efforts to eradicate extreme poverty in Uganda as it applies elsewhere. The Twebobe Reconstruction Project A symbol of Buganda's cultural heritage, the Twekobe is the official residence of the kabaka, or King, of Buganda, one of three extant structures within the palace grounds (the lubiri) at mengo. In 1966, Obote's army, led at the time by Idi Amin, badly damaged the Lubiri and the Twekobe, turning what remained of the later into an army barracks. In preparation for the Kabaka's royal wedding in 1999, the katikkiro (the prime Minister of Uganda,) Joseph Semwogerer Mulwanyamuli, called on the Baganda (the people of Buganda) to help rebuild the palace. Semwogerere's successful appeal was


This paper argues for the potential of cognition-based music retrieval by introducing the notion of a musical 'hook' as a key memorization, recall, and search mechanism. A hook is considered the most salient, memorable, and easy to recall moment of a musical phrase or song. Next to its role in searching large data-bases of music, it is proposed as a way to understand and identify which cognitively relevant musical features affect the appreciation, memorization and recall of music. To illustrate the potential of this idea for the computational humanities (Willekens et al., 2010), in the second half of the paper a pilot research project is described. This project, named Listen, Lure & Locate, aims to study the cultural phenomenon of being lured to listen to new unfamiliar music, and especially the role that recent internet-mediated technologies can have in this process. It is argued that a combination of crowd annotation (i.e., social- or crowd-tagging) and marking the specific moment (the hook) in one's favorite music, has great potential for improving search engines for music. In addition, these annotations will provide a rich empirical source to music cognition research in determining what makes certain melodic fragments more sticky than others.


The expediency of the movement equations compiling of a vibro-insulated housing of a gyroscopic system of classical type in a coordinate system, the start of which coincides with the center of mass of the entire device, is studied in this paper. The vibration protection system is believed to be formed by the elastic elements of the passive type. The gyroscopic system consists of a sensitive element - a three-step gyroscope, which is located on a platform with a triaxial gimbal. The general (basic) dynamics theorems are used to compile the movement equations. The movement equation of each element of a gyroscopic system is written in a moving coordinate system connected with its axis of suspension. The movement equations of a vibration insulated device case are written in a coordinate system that is tightly connected to it, the starting point of which coincides with the point corresponding to the position of the center of mass of the gyroscopic system in the absence of mechanical perturbances. The suspension centers of the platform frames are considered not to coincide with the specified point. In turn, it is also assumed that the platform centers of mass and the outer frame do not coincide with their axises of suspension. The system of equations of the rotational motion of a gyroscopic system is obtained by the method of Ishlinsky O. Yu., which excludes the unknown components of the moments of interaction reactions between the gyro device elements. The obtained scalar equations of the case rotational motion include components that are projections of the moments of the housing inertia forces and the device elements caused by the absolute acceleration of the center of mass of the gyroscopic system together with the case. Since the gyroscopic system has moving elements, the resultant of these inertia forces is not applied at the center of mass of the gyroscopic device and the case, but at a point whose position can be determined by the coefficients of the translational motion acceleration in the expressions of these inertia forces moments equating them to zero. The last equalities allow us to find the position of the point at which the center of rigidity of the vibration protection system should be located. This enables to avoid the appearance of interrelated angular and translational oscillations of the case caused by the potential forces distribution. The translational motion equations of the gyroscopic system instrument are obtained by  the theorem of the main vector change of the motion quantities applied to each element of the gyroscopic system with the subsequent exclusion of the interaction forces between these elements. Angular velocities and angular accelerations of the device elements, which are included in the expressions of linear accelerations, are proposed to be expressed through angular velocity and angular acceleration of the case. This allows to distinguish terms that determine the impact of the angular movement of the suspension elements on the translational motion of the device case. Thus, the refinement of the motion equations compiling method of the passive vibration protection system of the gyroscopic system is given in the paper. These equations are proposed to be written in the coordinate system axes connected with the center of mass of the gyroscopic system together and the vibration insulated case. The obtained equations allow to determine the requirements for rational installation of the vibration protection system, to evaluate the influence of the gyroscopic system on the angular and translational motion of the vibration insulated case of the gyroscopic instrument.


Copyright contracts are one of the most relevant issues on these days. If someone try to calculate the current copyright contracts, there is no doubt, the numbers are impressive. Unfortunately, not always the copyright contracts are made by the legislative requirements, and often the copyright contracts are made even when they cannot be applied. Untypical conditions used in copyright contracts are one of the most common mistakes. Indeed the properly prepared copyright contracts could be an alternative employment or other contract.


In this paper, we apply the sharp Adams-type inequalities for the Sobolev
space $W^{m,\frac{n}{m}}\left(

\mathbb{R}

^{n}\right) $ for any positive real number $m$ less than $n$, established by Ruf and Sani [46] and Lam and Lu [30,31], to study
polyharmonic equations in $\mathbb{R}^{2m}$. We will consider the polyharmonic
equations in $\mathbb{R}^{2m}$ of the form
\[
\left( I-\Delta\right) ^{m}u=f(x,u)\text{ in }%

\mathbb{R}

^{2m}.
\]
We study the existence of the nontrivial solutions when the nonlinear terms
have the critical exponential growth in the sense of Adams' inequalities on the entire Euclidean space. Our
approach is variational methods such as the Mountain Pass Theorem ([5]) without
Palais-Smale condition combining with a version of a result due to Lions ([39,40]) for
the critical growth case. Moreover, using the regularity lifting by
contracting operators and regularity lifting by combinations of contracting
and shrinking operators developed in [14] and [11], we will prove
that our solutions are uniformly bounded and Lipschitz continuous. Finally,
using the moving plane method of Gidas, Ni and Nirenberg [22,23] in integral form developed by Chen, Li and Ou [12] together with the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev type inequality instead of the maximum
principle, we prove our positive solutions are radially symmetric and
monotone decreasing about some point. This appears to be the first work
concerning existence of nontrivial nonnegative solutions of the Bessel type
polyharmonic equation with exponential growth of the nonlinearity in the whole
Euclidean space.


The current patent laws in various jurisdictions claim that the patent system has the effect to facilitate economic development. However, the views of economists on this matter have been vastly divided. Most commentators are skeptical about the net economic gain of the patent system considering its enormous economic costs. The analytical method from the economics of law shows that the economic benefits of the patent system may well be surpassed by its enormous potential cost. Thus, the patent law should strike a balance between the protection of patent rights and public interest in order to reduce the cost of the patent system. Viewed in this light, China's patent law seems to overemphasize the positive effect of the patent regime and underestimate its negative effect. Thus, the current law needs to be revised in the light of economic efficiency.


This paper documents the heave patterns and moisture changes beneath plastic membranes placed on an expansive shale. The response of the membrane systems is discussed in relation to observed slab heaves in nearby buildings which were constructed on pier and grade beam foundations with floating floor slabs.


This article proposes a new method to fabricate the ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator with a preshaped form by a simple thermal treatment process. The effects of the thermal treatment process on the properties of the actuator such as stiffness, displacement, resonance, and generating force are analyzed. To verify the effect of the thermal treatment process on the generation force of the actuator, the four-fingered gripper using the proposed method is designed, fabricated, and compared with an unheated actuator. Experimental results show that thermally treated IPMC actuators have an improved generatingforce compared with that of unheated actuators. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 52:1991–1997, 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers


The incidence of type 1 diabetes is rising all over the world. Furthermore, the increased life‐expectancy of type 1 diabetic patients is likely to cause a higher number of diabetes‐related micro‐ and macrovascular complications in the years to come.


In order to release freeway congestion caused by large social events,this paper presented a control strategy simulation evaluation approach based on macroscopic traffic simulation,providing a support to traffic control and management. This approach used network traffic flow simulation model to investigate and evaluate candidate control strategies,and recommend optimal strategy. Used GANFreSP simulation tool to depict occurrence,propagation,and dissolving of congestion in a simula-ted freeway network,and simulated the effects of route guidance strategy,and presented traffic state trajectories,snapshots of global network state,and overall performance indexes. Research results show that local congestion always evolves into networklevel traffic collapse,and appropriate control of freeway network is necessary to improve the operational efficiency of the network.


Review(s) of: Passionate revolutions: The media and the rise and fall of the Marcos regime, by Talitha Espiritu, Athens, oH: ohio University Press, 2017. 276 pages.


Background and Objectives: What is the boundary between in situ lesion and invasive ones. Some times it is difficult to answer this question histologically. In this study we evaluated the expression of P27, Ki-67 and P53 markers in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), actinic keratosis (AK) and Bowen disease (BD). Materials and Methods: In this study 60 skin biopsies samples were examined by immunohistochemical staining for detection of Ki-67, P27 and P53. From total number of 60 patients, 15 patients had SCC, 15 patients had BD and remaining 15 had AK. We should be note that 15 specimens were taken from normal skins of patient who undervent mamoplasty surgery. Results: Ki-67 index was positive in 0.8%, 23.7%, 12.3% and 19.3% percent of normal skin, AK, BD and SCC specimens, respectively. Accordingly, the percentage of Ki-67 possivity was significantly lower in normal skin compared with other pathologic conditions. P27 was positive in 23.4%, 26.2%, 25.9% and 4.5% percent of skin specimens in normal, AK, BD and SCC groups, respectively. The percentage of Ki-67+ cells was significantly lower in SCC group comparing with BD and AK groups. P53 index was positive in 26.6, 41.8 and 54.6 percent of patients with AK, BD and SCC, respectively. We didn't observe any P53 possivity in normal skin specimens and its highest possivity was observed in SCC patients. Conclusion: Based on our results, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of Ki-67, P27 and P53 expression may be helpful for differentiating malignant from nonmalignant epidermal lesions.


The invention discloses an extracting method of natural anthocyanin from black rice, which comprises the following steps: immersing black rice in the water at 20-40 deg.c; stewing; adding alcohol solution in two solvent grooves separately; heating to 40-50 deg.c; pumping alcohl solution from one solvent groove to leaching tank bottom; adding anthocyanin solvent into condensing tank; pumping the alcohol solution in the other solvent groove into leaching tank bottom; adding anthocyanin solvent in the condensing tank; distilling the condensing tank in the vacuum; spraying; drying; obtaining the product.


The heavy metals(Pb,Cr,Cd,As and Hg) total content of soils and vegetables and available content of soils(Pb,Cr and Cd) in the Pearl River Delta were determined to analyses the relationship between the pollution degree of vegetables and the heavy metals content of soil,the correlation of the heavy metals total content and available content,soil properties were investigated.The results show that the vegetable plot soil is mainly polluted by Pb,Cd and Hg.The soils were mainly polluted lightly by Pb,Cd;Hg pollution of vegetable plot soil is mainly light or severe pollution in Guangzhou city,light or mid pollution in Fushun City,light pollution in Jiang men and Huizhou.Vegetables mainly affected by Pb,Cd,Hg pollution,a few vegetables contaminated by Cr,but not detected in vegetables contaminated by As.Heavy metals(Pb,Cr,Cd) content of vegetables have significantly positively correlated with total and available content of soils,while the heavy metals(As and Hg) content of vegetables have no significant amount of correlation with As,Hg total content of soil.Pb available content of soils was significantly negative related to Mn available content of soils,Cr available content of soils was significantly positive with soil clay content and Fe available content of soils.


In the reports of the Goodenough Committee on Medical Schools, and of the Paediatric Committee of the Royal College of Physicians of London the teaching and study of paediatrics have been carefully considered. In both reports the subject has been divided into the study of health and of disease; and it is agreed that the study of health as regards clinical teaching has been neglected in the medical schools, and proposals are made for getting access to the clinical material of healthy infants and children. Both reports make definite and generally similar proposals that this clinical material of health, hitherto lacking, should be found in newborn nurseries, in child welfare centres and in school clinics. It is the purpose of this communication to examine the teaching and study of child health as a part of paediatrics and to suggest a change in the proposals made in these two important reports. There is no difficulty in getting the clinical material of disease in children. This is already provided in convenient and large concentrations of cases of disease in children's hospitals. But under present conditions the clinical material of health lies scattered about and dispersed both in time and space-the first few days of life in maternity hospitals, the succeeding months and years in welfare centres and school clinics: and it is recommended that teachers and students should go out and follow these pockets of clinical material from place to place and from age to age. This no doubt will improve the teaching of child health: but it falls far short of the opportunities opened up by this new field of clinical study.


Fuzzy goal programming (FGP) is, the most widely used method for solving multi-objective real-world decision making problems. In this paper, we focus on fuzzy goal programming (FGP) formulation for solving fuzzy multi objective fractional goal programming problems, which will easily help the decision makers to set the correct policy corresponding to their goals. Furthermore, the proposed concept of membership goals gives desirable and more realistic solution than the existing FGP methods in the sense that the goals are achieved according to the real case needs. Finally, for illustration, one example is used to demonstrate the correctness and usefulness of the proposed analysis of FGP method.


Physical Education speciality in advanced vocational colleges is education of three-year level . It trains PE majors for primary and junior schools of grass roots level or guiders for community physical education, which is different from the talent training standards of four-year universities. This essay focuses on the social investigation and analysis on speciality and personal diatheses required in the talent training standards for PE majors. Also it presents some opinions in allusion to the course patterns.


In this paper PAPR is reduced at downlink scheme by using PMP pre coding at transmitter section. By using FITRA algorithm with l infinity minimization we can reduce PAR, but practical implementation is complex, to overcome this we use l1 minimization in addition to FITRA algorithm which can reduce computational complexity of FITRA. We compare our results with FITRA.We prove that our method will reduce computational complexity of FITRA.


phosphite obtained from polarized Raman spectroscopy X yy Z and infrared reflectivity E b measurements. The loss of the inversion center at the para-ferroelectric phase transition gives rise to the activation of additional infrared and Raman bands. The oscillator strength of some infrared lattice modes that arise in the ferroelectric phase can be correlated with the temperature dependence of the order parameter of the phase transition. Several anomalies, which have been detected in the temperature dependence of the frequency and of the damping coefficient of some external and internal modes of the phosphite group, are described by a theoretical model that takes into account the coupling between proton pseudo-spins and phonons. The results obtained indicate that the phosphite group behavior affects the characteristic time of the proton flipping motion and reflects the long range ferroelectric order in glycinium phosphite.


Imperfect civil legislation is one of the important causes resulting in civil judicature unjustness and even judicature perverting the law.The formulation of civil code can settle the problem of lacking civil judicature regulations once and for all,contribute to realizing the standardization of civil law,and help admonish administrative staff how to behave.This is a prominent measure of guaranteeing judicature justice.At the same time, the formulation of civil code makes the spirit of civil law strike root in the hearts of the people,which can construct a good social atmosphere for judicature justice.


Reports that banks have to implement additional risk management techniques owing to the failure of existing models to prevent losses that occurred as a result of financial upheaval. Discusses survey results of chartered accountants Deloitte and Touche, about the establishment of banks' new directions. Highlights four main points that are the direct result of several forces: financial markets globalization; regulatory developments; maturity of risk management; and complexity of financial products. Evaluates stress testing in organizations using a series of tables to emphasize them. Concludes that the survey indicates there is a general awareness within most financial institutions about key areas of strong financial management but other areas require further development.


With ETM+ data(Nantai Island Fuzhou),several fusion algorithms(PCA,MLT,Brovey Transform,HIS) have been applied in image fusion.After image fusion,some criterions(Spectral fidelity,High spatial frequency information gain,and Classification accuracy,Etc.) have been utilized to evaluate the effect of fusion.Based on the fusion image,unsupervised classification and sequential accuracy assessment have been applied to it.According to the experiment result mentioned above,the paper provides a methodology reference of image fusion to user.


In this study we report biofuel potential in waste cake obtained from oil refinery. The sample was analyzed for its calorific value using auto bomb calorimeter (LECO AC-500), proximate analysis using Thermogravimetric analyzer (LECO 701) and elemental analysis using CHNS analyzer (LECO Tru-Spec). The elemental analysis of dry waste cake vs wet cake depicted the percentage composition of carbon (49.8%, 40.8%), hydrogen (7.9%, 6.0%), nitrogen (2.8%, 1.9%), Sulphur (1.9%, 0.5%) and oxygen content (37.6%, 40.4%). As for as the thermal degradation behavior of dry and wet cake in TGA is concerned, higher moisture contents (68.50%) found in wet cake and lower in dry cake (40.1%). Whereas the volatile matter in dry cake (30.9%) and low volatile in wet cake (14.3%). Similarly, %age of ash become high in dry cake (17.3%) and low in wet cake (5.11%). The results reflected that higher heating value of dry waste cake is higher (22.5 MJ/kg) than wet waste cake (20.5 MJ/kg) and commonly used sugarcane bagasse (17.88 MJ/kg).


Considering this point that the objective of geographical science is the study of the mutual relations between human and environment, the study of rural environments have been regarded as important from the geographers' standpoint from the advent. Among the various features which are the indicatives of being considered as a city or it is likely that it is the primary reason for its coming into existence, is the creation of a surrounding farming area which provides the basis for the nutrition of urban population by means of mass production and also it can be counted as a market for final or incomplete urban products.


The seasonal variation and vertical distribution of the marine algal community were investigated using the quadrat method from February 2006 to January 2007 at 10 sites in Gwangyang Bay, Korea. In total, 48 red, 17 brown, and 13 green algal taxa were identified. The algal vertical distribution in the intertidal zone was characterized by Ulva pertusa, while the upper tidal zone was dominated by Gelidium divaricatum. The middle zone was primarily composed of Enteromorpha linza, Sargassum thunbergii, and Chondracanthus intermedia, whereas Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum thunbergii, Gelidium amansii, and Corallina pilulifera characterized the low tidal zone. Results of cluster analysis indicated that algal composition fell into two groups, which were composed of species in the inland and open sea. In conclusion, the number of species, diversity, and abundance of vegetation in this area were remarkably reduced compared to previous studies in Gwangyang Bay.


Nanosized PtRu catalysts supported on carbon have been synthesized from inverse microemulsions and emulsions using H2PtCl6
(0.025 M)/RuCl3
(0.025 M)/NaOH (0.025 M) as the aqueous phase, cyclohexane as the oil phase, and NP5 (poly(oxyethylene)5 nonyl phenol ether) or NP9 (poly(oxyethylene)9 nonyl phenol) as the surfactant, in the presence of Carbon Black suspended in a mixture of cyclohexane and NP5 + NP9. The titration of 10% HCHO aqueous solution into the inverse microemulsions and emulsions resulted in PtRu/C catalysts, in which the PtRu particles were nanometers in size. The catalysts were characterized by TEM, XRD and XPS and the metal particles were found to inherit the Pt fcc structure with Pt and Ru mostly in the zero valence oxidation states, amidst some Pt(II), Pt(IV) and Ru(IV).
The cyclic voltammograms for methanol oxidation on these PtRu/C catalysts showed higher electrocatalytic activities for the two microemulsion derived catalysts than the emulsion-derived electrocatalyst.


Hearing impaired people lost their hearing ability. If they want to learn the verbal language, they should mimic teacher's mouth shape to pronounce the words. Thus, in order to help hearing impaired learn speaking, this research applied a shadow Moiré method to build an optical measurement system without touching people's face to measure the face-shaped contour for creating a 3D language tutor. A digital camera was used to capture the Moiré images through an image processing to get the texture of each contour line. Each correspondence value will make smooth contour interpolation and then three-dimensional image of face was plotted. This method for 3D measurement is simple and does not need an expensive measurement device to get precisely image information.


CYCLIC guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) was the second of the cyclic nucleotide "second messengers" discovered [1-3] and 35 years later, its role in many cells remains unclear. It has been suggested that the rate of cGMP turnover is one means by which this nucleotide signals [4], but most studies suggest cells monitor intracellular cGMP concentrations, which are regulated by guanylyl cyclases (GCs), cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs), and potentially by cGMP import or export. The GCs have been studied in many vertebrates and invertebrates and appear to fall into one of three broad classes, those that contain no apparent transmembrane segment, those that contain one transmembrane segment, and those that contain multiple transmembrane segments. Members of the no transmembrane and the single transmembrane class are also receptors for extracellular-derived signals, and most of this review will concentrate on these two classes. PDEs comprise a large family of isozymes, many of which hydrolyze both cGMP and cAMP. Eleven PDE families have been described in mammals and three families (PDES, 6, and 9) specifically hydrolyze cGMP. PDE5 is expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and participates in regulation of


A selection of maps and tables from the 1987 population census of West Germany is presented and discussed. Comparisons are made with data from the 1970 census. (ANNOTATION)


Social entrepreneurs mitigate the crisis effects by offering innovative solutions in situations where states and markets fail. This paper analyzes the effects of the COVID-19 crisis in Turkey on social enterprises, their adaptation process, and their need for support. In this framework, a questionnaire is administered to Turkish social entrepreneurs. The findings are evaluated, taking into account the results of work done on social enterprises, commercial enterprises, and civil society organizations in Turkey and worldwide in close time intervals. Policy recommendations are developed to increase social enterprises' resilience. Research results suggest that the pandemic has negative economic, social, and operational effects on social enterprises like all other socio-economic actors. Main recommendations for policy makers include providing legitimacy (trust) to social enterprises, carrying out awareness and visibility activities, providing financial and non-financial support, and strengthening communication over networks. This paper contributes to the literature as it is the first study examining the initial impact of the crisis on social entrepreneurs in Turkey and forms the basis for observing the changes in crisis effects in future work.


Explore listings of image & video databases according to basic science subjects, different medical specialties, or the history of medicine


The word "revenge" heard within the therapeutic framework was the object of a clinical research study in psychopathology. The treatment of the word reveals the symbolic mindset that underlies it. "Revenge," within the clinical framework, engages the subject in time and in its relationship with the Other. From an ethical point of view, to hear it is to allow a regeneration of the symbolic order.


AIM:To study influence of Valeriana officinalis var.latifolia(VOL) on expression of C-Fos,C-Jun after focal cerebral ischemis,METHODS: Inducing rat model of reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) using Koizumi's intraluminal suture occlusion method.48 male rats were divided into 5 groups randomly,pseudo-operation group,MCAO group,saline control group,VOL group.2 hours after MCAO,we took gastric gavage with VOL and saline,8 hour per time,and took out of brain to test C-Fos,C-Jun expression immunohistochemically at the 5th day after operation,RESULTS:There was no positive cell in each hippocampus zone of normal group;we observed C-Fos,C-Jun positive cells in each Hippocampus zone after MCAO;Density of C-Fos,C-Jun positive cells of VOL group were apparently lower than that of simple ischemia group.CONCLUSION:VOL can relieve histopathological lesions after cerebral ischemia and promote protection function of rat through inhibiting the expression of C-Fos,C-Jun expression.


The metabolic trapping of the radiolabeled nitroimidazole, misonidazole, in viable hypoxic tissue may form the basis for the nuclear imaging of ischemia in cerebral infarction. Misonidazole congeners could be labeled with /sup 75/Br, /sup 18/F, or /sup 11/C and detected with PET. Infarction was induced in male Mongolian gerbils by ligation of the right common carotid artery. Severity of the lesions was determined by scoring neurological symptoms with a stroke index, in which scores >10, out of a possible 25, indicate presence of a severe infarct. Gerbils with scores ranging from 0 (asymptomatic) to 13 as well as control (unligated) animals received 3 injections (50 ..mu..Moles/kg) of /sup 3/H-misonidazole in 2 hours and % injected dose/g (% I.D./g) was determined 2 hours after the final injection. Uptake into whole brain of control animals averaged 0.137 +- 0.0168 % I.D./g. The cerebral hemispheres of ligated gerbils were divided into 7, 2 mm-thick coronal sections which were then bisected. In the right half of slide number3 (midparietal region) the % I.D./g increased with increasing stroke index. For animals with a stroke index = 0, uptake was 0.159 % I.D./g, and right/left R/L ratio was 1.07. For 2 animals with a score =more » 13, uptake in the same region ws 0.752 and 0.717 and I.D./g with R/L ratios of 3.29 and 2.3l, respectively. Animals with intermediate scores had moderately elevated uptake. The authors conclude that the uptake of /sup 3/H-misonidazole in the right hemisphere positively correlates with the severity of infarction. Studies are underway to determine whether the regions of highest uptake correlate with histological evidence of infarction and reduced oxygen availability.« less


We demonstrate a randomly coupled 12-core erbium-doped fiber (EDF) based cladding pumped optical amplifier. In this paper, we show that a randomly coupled multicore EDF amplifier with a cladding pumped configuration can realize high amplification efficiency and a low mode-dependent gain (MDG). We experimentally evaluate the amplification characteristics and confirm a flat gain of more than 17 dB with a sufficiently low MDG of less than 1 dB over the full C-band and an average noise figure of 6.2 dB. In addition, we describe a transmission experiment in which we inserted a randomly coupled 12-core multicore fiber (MCF), and demonstrate that the proposed 12-core MCF can transmit 12 channels.


Purpose: The aim of this work is to characterize the higher order aberrations due to Pantoscopic Tilt using Shack Hartmann Wave front Sensor and comparing it with Martin's Rule. Methods: A Shack Hartmann wavefront sensor consisting of a hexagonal array of 127 micro lenses and a CCD Camera is used in this work to measure the tilt induced optical aberrations. The optical set up was aligned for perfect centration. A rotation stage was set for one of the lenses to induce pantoscopic tilt. The tilt was given from 10 to 130 in steps of 10. At each step, the various optical aberrations, consisting of first 15 Zernike terms were measured and analyzed. The resultant spherical equivalent is calculated using both methods viz., from SHWFS and Martin's rule. Results: Pantoscopic tilt showed significant increase in 2nd and 4th order aberrations. Change in spherical equivalent of 0.50 D, 1.00 D and 2.00 D were observed for tilts of 40, 70 and 100 respectively. Whereas with Martin's rule, the total change in the resultant spherical equivalent for 100 is 0.11 D only. The pantoscopic tilt increases 2nd and 4th order aberrations significantly and there was no statistical significant correlation for 3rd order aberrations. Conclusion: Our study insists the pantoscopic tilt induced aberrations should be taken into account while designing spectacle lenses and their frames for proper seating on the nose bridge and ears


Purpose: Recent studies have investigated the use of secondary 'prompt' gamma‐rays emitted from patients during proton therapy as a possible method to verify dose delivery. The purpose of this study was to determine if the prompt gamma‐ray spectra emitted from biological tissues could be used as a method to analyze changes to tissuesirradiated during proton treatment delivery.Method and Materials: We preformed measurements and Monte Carlo calculations of the prompt gamma emission spectra from tissue equivalent phantoms and tissue targets. The emission spectra from several types of tissue where characterized according to the emission lines from the individual elemental constituents of the target tissue. Next, we studied the individual emission lines from the tissue targets as a function of elemental concentration and density. Results: These results show that the prompt gamma emission lines from the major elemental components can be identified in the measured and calculated spectra. The intensities of these emission lines were found to be a function of concentration of each element and the physical density of the tissue.Conclusion: Based on the results of these preliminary studies, we conclude that it may be possible to determine both the atomic composition and physical density of irradiatedtissues by measuring the prompt gamma ray spectra emitted during proton treatment delivery. Development of a technique to measure prompt emission spectra during daily treatment delivery would allow for the direct measurement of changes to irradiatedtissues, such as changes to tumor hypoxia or tissue densities over the course of proton treatment delivery.


Business banking is a service business based on principles of trust and t5he customer is a major asset. Under conditions of business competition among banks strict bank that has resulted in only a competitive advantage (compatative advantage as well as a competitive advantage) who can reach the highest position in the eyes of cusmers or the public. Competitive advantage can be obtained from the quality of customer servicr, so the focus on customers (customer focus), responsive to the development of customer desires and continuously innovate is an acitivity that can be done to anticipate the cimpetitive conditions. In this case, the bank should always evaluate the quality of service given to customers and is reflected in the level of customer satisfaction obtained. Rate the quality of service branch of bank syariah mandiri bogor whole is still under service, because it still was below expectations, this is evident also that the general level of service is still not meeting customer expectations, because the level of hope (expectation0 the customer is generally higher than the level of performance (perfromance) or perception(perception)customer.        Empathy dimension of service quality dimensions are most critical or have any impact on the most powerful influence on the level of satisfaction. In this case, the willingness og bank syariah mandiri branch bogor provide individual attention in serving its clients is crucial. Empathy dimension attributes inclide individual attention, operational time , personal attention, giving interests, and understand the needs. These attributes is the main priority of service quality improvements are intensive and comprehensive.           Customer service strategy to be implemented by the management of bank syariah mandiri in perspective five dimensioris of service quality(tangibles, realiability,responsiveness, assurance and empathy) looks not optimal. In an effort to provide the best service (service excellence) and focus to the customer(customer focus), then the customer satisfaction can be obatained with significantly improved and the improvement of quality of serivice aspects and impticalions of the strategy need to be consldered


The objective of this paper is to analyze the design and development of a contactless attendance system which verifies the identity of different users through their palm print. 21 distinct points in each users' palm are analyzed using Google's MediaPipe module. Further, a backend database and corresponding user interface with authentication is developed for the purpose of storing user's details and palm prints.


Abstract : Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) is responsible for a variety of sexually transmitted mucosal infections including urethritis and cervicitis. The hallmark of symptomatic gonorrhea is an intense inflammatory response characterized by an influx of neutrophils (PMNs). The mechanism by which GC resists PMN defenses is not known, however it is hypothesized from in vitro studies that gonococcal catalase protects GC by breaking down H2O2 produced by PMNs during the oxidative burst. The primary objective of this research was to assess the role of gonococcal catalase in GC pathogenesis using a genetically defined catalase mutant in in vitro assays and in an animal infection model. The kat gene of GC strain FA1090 was sequenced and the nucleotide sequence was predicted to encode a 57 kDa (504 amino acid) protein. A GC kat mutant was constructed by allelic exchange and demonstrated to be more sensitive to H2O2 and paraquat, an inducer of toxic oxygen radicals, than the wild type (WT) parental strain. The kat mutant was also more sensitive to H2O2-producing commensal lactobacilli in vitro. Complementation of the catalase mutation in trans restored wild type levels of catalase activity, and resistance to paraquat and H2O2-producing lactobacilli, but not resistance to H2O2. The inability to complement the mutant fully is perhaps due to a modification in the recombinant protein as evidenced by an altered mobility of the recombinant catalase on activity gels.


Using newly installed Beam Position Monitors in the downstream half of the FNAL Linac, we have observed significant transverse beam instabilities within the 30 ..mu..s beam pulse. We can affect the instability so that the peak-to-peak amplitude is as small as 0.5 mm or as large as 8 mm. The effect is largely due to a beam-plasma instability in the ten-meter 750-keV transport line. Other causes are being investigated. Using these instabilities as an analysis tool, the betatron amplitude of the beam has been reduced. 7 refs., 4 figs.


This study adopts an ecomorphological approach to test the utility of body shape as a predictor of niche relationships among a stream fish assemblage of the Tickfaw River (Lake Pontchartrain Basin) in southeastern Louisiana, U.S.A. To examine the potential influence of evolutionary constraints, analyses were performed with and without the influence of phylogeny. Fish assemblages were sampled throughout the year, and ecological data (habitat and tropic guild) and body shape (geometric morphometric) data were collected for each fish specimen. Multivariate analyses were performed to examine relationships and differences between body shape and ecological data. Results indicate that a relationship exists between body shape and trophic guild as well as flow regime, but no significant correlation between body shape and substratum was found. Body shape was a reliable indicator of position within assemblage niche space.


To identify criteria to guide surgeons regarding indications for use of the Singapore and gracilis muscle flaps in obstetric fistula repair.


Transverse fission of Cysticercus pisiformis begins in the liver and is usually completed there. It is brought about by one or two annular constrictions which. ultimately result in the complete fission of the original bladder-worm into two or three parts. The posterior segments thus formed are normally acephalic. Histologically, fission involves an initial hypertrophy of the cuticle and subcuticula at the zone of constriction, followed by their degeneration and loss, and by the increase and consolidation into a slender cord of the muscle and parenchyma fibres. With the rupture of the cord and the sealing up of the broken ends, fission is complete. The majority of the bladder-worms do not undergo fission, but the process is apparently spontaneous and quite normal for the species. Its cause is unknown, but it is thought to have a phylogenetic significance.


In this paper, we develop a Markovian model that deals with the volume offered at the best quote of an electronic order book. The volume of the first limit is a stochastic process whose paths are periodically interrupted and reset to a new value, either by a new limit order submitted inside the spread or by a market order that removes the first limit. Using applied probability results on killing and resurrecting Markov processes, we derive the stationary distribution of the volume offered at the best quote. All proposed models are empirically fitted and compared, stressing the importance of the proposed mechanisms.


The collision avoidance system like AEB(Autonomous Emergency Braking) and FCWS(Forward Collision Warning System), a component of the Active Safety System in automobiles, is constantly developing to reduce further transportation-related fatalities and injuries. As a result, various automotive manufactures are interested in evaluating reliability of active safety systems and establishing international safety test standards for objective evaluation. For example ISO(International Organization for Standardization) is promoting the standardization of assessing advanced active safety systems and since 2014 active safety system such as AEBS(Autonomous Emergency Braking System) rating test is performed in Euro NCAP. The current existing methods are active safety assessing via applying a vehicle-shaped Balloon Car to the vehicle or by Dummy Car, a crane for crash-test simulation, for imitating a real situation. But it is impossible to copy the assessment with same condition, especially dynamic characteristic of Dummy Car traveling by crane and real car are critically different. Therefore assessment system using self-driving car is developed for assessment with same condition in this study. For verifying developed assessment system, cut-in scenario and braking scenario with 0.2g deceleration is executed.


Methodological, theoretical and empirical aspects of the study of transgenerations (including coping) in the family are discussed in the article. The concept of autobiographical memory is the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. It is shown that the modality of autobiographical recalls whose structure is the memories of the parental home have an important place, is a condition that provides direction for personal development and intergenerational transgeneration experience of coping in the family.


Let E be a modulus. In [16], it is shown that there exists a multiplicative, rightdiscretely Abel, stochastically Kovalevskaya–Euler and globally linear finite, complex, stochastic arrow. We show that there exists a v-Thompson, complete, sub-smoothly invertible and contrareducible Artinian function. So it is well known that 1 3 Φ. Therefore the groundbreaking work of J. Ito on anti-almost everywhere Cantor, almost surely contra-associative, Gaussian polytopes was a major advance.


This paper reviews a project carried out in the Brazilian Congress that, since 2020, monitors and selects relevant articles from the federal government gazette using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning as part of an executive branch overseeing effort. The selected articles are also used to produce a daily bulletin that is open to the general public. The technical details are presented, and the successes and possible improvements are highlighted. Overall, the project is evaluated as a positive use of AI in government with minimal adverse side effects.


The chemical composition and protein degradability of Antiaris africana, Delonix regia, Milletia thonningii, Khaya senegalensis, Griffonia simplicifolia, Ritchea reflexa and Securinega virosa as well as treated or untreated rice straw were studied. The rice straw was treated with either sodium hydroxide (4.42 per cent w/w) or urea (7.55 per cent w/w) was used in the treatment of the straw. Wethers averaging 23.2 1 0.60 kg liveweight and fitted with rumen canulae were fed with the straw and browse and 5 g sample placed in a nylon bag and incubated in the rumen. Data were fitted to the equation P = a + b(1-e-et) where P is extent of degradation at time t, a is percentage loss of water soluble component, b is percentage loss of water insoluble component, c is rate of degradation of component b, and (a + b) is the maximum percentage loss of protein. Significant differences (P Ghana Jnl agric. Sci. Vol.31(1) 1998: 93-97


AbstractThis study presents the assimilation of total lightning data to help initiate convection at cloud-resolving scales within a numerical weather prediction model. The test case is the 24 May 2011 Oklahoma tornado outbreak, which was characterized by an exceptional synoptic/mesoscale setup for the development of long-lived supercells with large destructive tornadoes. In an attempt to reproduce the observed storms at a predetermined analysis time, total lightning data were assimilated into the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) and analyzed via a suite of simple numerical experiments. Lightning data assimilation forced deep, moist precipitating convection to occur in the model at roughly the locations and intensities of the observed storms as depicted by observations from the National Severe Storms Laboratory's three-dimensional National Mosaic and Multisensor Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE)—i.e., NMQ—radar reflectivity mosaic product. The nudging function for the total lightning ...


In October 2008 Iceland suffered a severe financial crisis that made the nation almost bankrupt. The root cause of the crisis is closely related to a large financial bubble created by speedy internationalization of the banking sector after its privatization,which crashed under adverse external conditions. The following lessons can be drawn:the strategy of "going global" for the banking sector should be implemented in a cautious way;lax government regulations over the financial sector should be avoided;credit expansion should not be used as a way of stimulating the economy;and the relationship between upgrading the industrial structures and making use of the comparative advantage should be dealt with properly.


From the perspective of preset configuration of ligands, the introduction of triazole would be not only conducive to furnish sites rich in nitrogen, but also favorable to enhance the stability of MOF materials. Through employing two similar bifunctional triazolate–carboxylate organic ligands, two novel self-interpenetrating copper(II)-based metal–organic frameworks have been successfully constructed under solvothermal conditions, which exhibit very similar voids but different hole shapes. In addition, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, gas sorption studies, and theoretical calculations reveal their different framework stabilities and pore environment.


A study of the photochemical activity of plastids isolated from etiolated bean leaves which had been illuminated for increasing periods was undertaken. Proplastids isolated from etiolated leaves were inactive in the Hill reaction. Photochemical ferricyanide reduction was obtained with plastids isolated from etiolated leaves which had been illuminated for 6 hr. The reduction increased to a maximum value of 400 p.lloles ferricyanide/mg chlorophyll/hr after 10 hr of illumina· tion and thereafter decreased to 300,umoles ferricyanidejmg chlorophylljhr for mature bean chloroplasts. Plastids isolated from etiolated leaves illuminated for 16 hr reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) at a rate less than half that of mature chloroplasts, while B·hr plastids showed no NADP reduction.


In this article, various dyes have been quantum chemically designed which are based on A-π-D-π-A structural configuration. The main objective of this work is to study the effect of electron deficient thiadiazole derivatives as the π-spacers. The role of these π-spacers in phenoxazine-based dyes have been studied through electronic, non-linear optical (NLO) and absorption properties. The electronic structures, absorption spectra and NLO response were calculated by employing quantum chemical methods. The results reveal that the polarizability ( α ) and hyperpolarizability ( β ) remarkably increase from dye 1 to dye 5 . As compared to model of dye 1 , dyes 2-5 have shown red-shifted absorption spectra and low band gaps.


This study evaluated the social media addiction and depression among college students. The investigators used normative survey method for the study. The sample consists of 1100 college students in Karur District, Tamil Nadu, India. Stratified random sampling technique has been used for the selection of sample. The college students completed the social media addiction scale (Sahin, 2018) and depression scale. T test and one way ANOVA was employed to find out the significance of difference between college student's social media addiction on depression. Results revealed that the female students are more depressed and addicted to social media than male students. There is a low positive relationship between social media addiction and depression among college students.


A New Chinese First Lady: Is There Systematic Development? by Ziwei He Department of Political Science Duke University Date: _______________________ Approved: ___________________________ John Aldrich, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Peter Feaver, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Edmund Malesky An abstract of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Political Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2016 Copyright by Ziwei He 2016


This work proposes the use of system to perform affective-ready, contextual and automated usability tests for mobile software. Our proposal augments the traditional methods of software usability evaluation by monitoring users' location, weather conditions, moving/stationary status, data connection availability and spontaneous facial expressions automatically. This aims to identify the moment of negative and positive events. Identifying those situations and systematically associating them to the context of interaction, assisted software creators to overcome design flaws and enhancing interfaces' strengths. The validation of our approach include post-test questionnaires with test subjects. The results indicate that the automated user-context logging can be a substantial supplement to mobile software usability tests.


ness are not, as usually held, due to an effort on the part of the plant to reach the light. It is shown that the stimulating action of light may be transmitted through a considerable interval of both space and time, even affecting organs subsequently formed, so that conclusions drawn from so-called "partial etiolation" have frequently been erroneous. Often there is a direct action of darkness in producing morphological changes. It is well proven that in all cases a great difference exists in the morphological differentiation of tissues developed in darkness and in light, and in this discussion the distinction between growth and development is kept clearly in view. The author concludes that " none of the phenomena of etiolation or of diminished growth in light may be ascribed to the direct influence of light upon the tissues or cells concerned, but rather upon the organism as a whole." It is, however, impossible to give in a brief review any adequate idea of the author's views upon the various aspects of the subject. He himself has tacitly admitted the futility of such an attempt by not providing a summary for the reader. There can be no question of the great value of this contribution by Dr. MacDougal to a most important part of plant physiology. The vast array of carefully planned observations forms a substantial contribution in itself and the discussion brings the subject into a new and clearer light. An ample index both to the literature cited and to the text and illustrations completes the volume.-J. C. ARTHUR.


Many real-time systems are safety- and security-critical systems and, as a result, tools and techniques for verifying them are extremely important. Simulating and testing such systems can be exceedingly time-consuming and these techniques provide only probabilistic measures of correctness. There are a number of model-checking tools for real-time systems. However, after they provide formal verification for models, we still need to have a systematic approach for deriving programs from those models. To increase the confidence in real-time programs written in real-time Java, this thesis proposes a model-based approach to the development of such programs. First, models can be mechanically verified, to check whether they satisfy particular properties, by using current real-time model-checking tools. Then, programs are derived from the model by following a systematic approach. Following this approach we can guarantee that all safety and bounded liveness (not liveness in general) properties that are satisfied in the model are also satisfied in the generated code if the target platform meets our conditions (for timing invariants in the model, we need to perform an independent check on the generated code to ensure that the timing invariants are satisfied for the target platform on which the code is executed). To facilitate better timing analysis at the code level, we provide architectural templates for the main abstractions found in real-time systems (periodic, sporadic, and aperiodic). Hence we can provide scheduling analysis techniques if these templates are used. Although memory management is a crucial issue for real-time systems, model checkers usually only provide simple data structures (to avoid state explosion). In our approach we do not deal with memory allocation. Memory allocation will be performed after the code has been generated. We introduce a Timed Automata to RTSJ Tool (TART), a prototype tool to automatically generate real-time Java code from models. We apply our approach on a number of case studies (Fischer protocol, a gear controller, a producer/consumer and an audio/video protocol) to illustrate our mapping, and to show its applicability as well as its limitations.


Objective To study and obtain the damping and sealing results of a packaging box. Methods Based on design of a packaging box,vibration dampers shock test was conducted. To get accurate leak rate,a temperature and atmospheric pressure compensation model was established. Results The results showed that the damping effect was not less than 62. 3%. The air tightness test indicated that the leak rate of packaging box was 3. 03 × 10- 4Pa·m3/ s. Conclusion These results provide the basis for packaging box design typification,and give the experimental basis and reference for other damping or sealing packaging box.


Monetizing websites and web apps through online advertising is widespread in the web ecosystem, creating a billion-dollar market. This has led to the emergence of a vast network of tertiary ad providers and ad syndication to facilitate this growing market. Nowadays, the online advertising ecosystem forces publishers to integrate ads from these third-party domains. On the one hand, this raises several privacy and security concerns that are actively being studied in recent years. On the other hand, the ability of today's browsers to load dynamic web pages with complex animations and Javascript has also transformed online advertising. This can have a significant impact on webpage performance. The latter is a critical metric for optimization since it ultimately impacts user satisfaction. Unfortunately, there are limited literature studies on understanding the performance impacts of online advertising which we argue is as important as privacy and security. In this paper, we apply an in-depth and first-of-a-kind performance evaluation of web ads. Unlike prior efforts that rely primarily on adblockers, we perform a fine-grained analysis on the web browser's page loading process to demystify the performance cost of web ads. We aim to characterize the cost by every component of an ad, so the publisher, ad syndicate, and advertiser can improve the ad's performance with detailed guidance. For this purpose, we develop a tool, adPerf, for the Chrome browser that classifies page loading workloads into ad-related and main-content at the granularity of browser activities. Our evaluations show that online advertising entails more than 15% of browser page loading workload and approximately 88% of that is spent on JavaScript. On smartphones, this additional cost of ads is 7% lower since mobile pages include fewer and well-optimized ads. We also track the sources and delivery chain of web ads and analyze performance considering the origin of the ad contents. We observe that 2 of the well-known third-party ad domains contribute to 35% of the ads performance cost and surprisingly, top news websites implicitly include unknown third-party ads which in some cases build up to more than 37% of the ads performance cost.


reaction surface does not behave in a pure coherent manner during oscillations, strong coupling forces the system to oscillate macroscopically in a periodic manner - simple or more complex. Oscillatory and excitable behavior as well as potential front propagation during bistability can be reproduced by formulating a boundary valu..e problem based on Laplace equation and simplifications of the mass balance equation and the equation of conservation of charge. The formulation can be applied to different system geometries and predict many of the spatio-temporal features. Special classes of spatio-temporal patterns in electrochemical systems have the same hydrodynamic origin with systems of during thermal convection.


By measuring the angular correlation of gamma rays with energies 308- 296, 308-316, and 296-316 kev, the spin of the fourth excited level of Pt/sup 192/ was determined. The spin was iound to be J = 4. A theoretical interpretation of the excited levels of Pt/sup 192/ was found. (auth)


We present a system for measuring the Function Point software metric from specifications expressed in the form of an Entity Relationship (ER) diagram and a Data Flow Diagram (DFD). As a first step towards the implementation of the system, the informal Function Point counting rules have been translated into rigorous rules expressing properties of the ERDFD. Prolog was chosen for the implementation because of its declarativity and maintainability. Thanks to its relational representation, it was possible to directly represent the input ER-DFD with Prolog facts. Declarativity allowed a straightforward translation of the rigorous rules into code and a quick implementation of a working prototype. Finally, maintainability was a primary concern since the Function Point counting method is continually evolving.


Children's graffiti express their inner world as an instinctive expression of behavior, a specific language symbols, and a creation of culture and art. Creative graffiti could stimulate children's latent consciousness and train children's abilities. It is an important direction of practical research on creative graffiti for developing children's physical and mental to provide a good mental space and hardware environment for children's graffiti. Significance of Graffiti in Children's Art Education Graffiti is one of the ways of artistic expression, which is also the main way for children to express their inner world. Two to three-year old is graffiti period, during which children instinctively impulses would began scribbling on paper. Children's performance in a variety of graffiti activities in the free and unfettered, which reveals the real feelings and is a natural way of expression. Therefore, graffiti plays an important role in the education of children's art. The education of children's art begins with graffiti, and graffiti education is the starting point of children's graffiti behavior. It is of great significance for the future education extension to pay attention to the art education of children in this period. Educational Value of Creative Graffiti for Children Graffiti is very strong in cultivating children's imagination and could further explore their creative abilities through the subconscious, which would affect one's habits of thinking and the development of life in the future. During this period, we should create a good graffiti environment in children's graffiti practice, actively stimulate and guide graffiti training, and then try to interpret their graffiti works with them. In such an environment, the graffiti thinking brought by the action and development potential would be fully developed, in which children would receive considerable satisfaction from the process and also emphasize their value unconsciously [1]. Practical Education of Creative Graffiti for Children Cultivation of Children's Creativity Aristotle once pointed out: "imagination is the source of all creative activities such as discovery and invention" [2]. Innovation is inseparable from imagination, and without imagination, there is no creation. Children's graffiti has a unique artistic charm, and is well received by artists and even art masters. Some people even compare children's paintings with those of art masters. In fact, the so-called "artistic charm and creativity" mostly refers to children's graffiti phenomenon, the children in the graffiti process unaware of their most primitive creativity dominates their graffiti art because of the cognitive level of psychological cognition. Over three-year old children's painting is emerged as a kind of language symbol; at this time, with strong curiosity and imagination, they imagine something that adult couldn't image, which is one of embodiments of children's interest. Therefore, the cultivation of children's creative thinking ability could be released through the process of child graffiti to stimulate their unconscious imagination. It shouldn't adopt the traditional indoctrination mode of education to bound children's thinking, which couldn't develop children's creativity. 7th International Conference on Social Network, Communication and Education (SNCE 2017) Copyright © 2017, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Computer Science Research, volume 82


of Doctor's thesis. Kyiv [in Ukrainian]. 7. Brief report of Vernandsky, V. I. National Library of Ukraine on scientific activity in 2017. (2017). Retrieved from: http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/node/4014 [in Ukrainian]. 8. Kravchuk, N. (2011). The policy storage of funds of the scientific library as a means of quality information provision of science and education. Bibliotechniy forum Ukrayiny, 1, 26-28 [in Ukrainian]. 9. Mukha, L. & Zatoka, L. (2010). Innovative technologies for the conservation of library foundations. Bibliotechnyy visnyk, 6, 67-69 [in Ukrainian]. 10. On approval of the Program for the preservation of library and archival funds 2000-2005 from September 15 1999, No1716. Retrieved from: http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1716-99-%D0%BF [in Ukrainian]. 11. About the seminar «Actual issues of the protection of book monuments». (2018). Retrieved from: http://nlu.org.ua/article.php?id=428 [in Ukrainian]. 12. About the project «Ancient engravings – national heritage of Ukraine». (2018). Retrieved from: http:// odnb.odessa.ua/gravures/about [in Ukrainian]. 13. Draft Concept of the State Program for the Preservation of Library Funds by 2020. (2012). Retrieved from: http://u.to/ncefAg [in Ukrainian]. 14. Rogova, P. & Matsibora, N. (2009). Status and prospects of preservation of the fund in the era of digital technologies in the State scientific-pedagogical library of Ukraine named after V.O. Sukhomlynsky. Visnyk Knyzhkovoi palaty, 11, 9-12 [in Ukrainian]. 15. Proceedings of the Seminar «Ad fontes: Preservation of Library Funds: Traditions, Innovations, Prospects». (2018). Retrieved from http://kname.edu.ua/index.php/3523 [in Ukrainian]. 16. Proceedings of the Seminar «Library. Science. Communication. Strategic tasks of development of scientific Libraries». Retrieved from: http://www.irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe [in


The character of Markov chain namely no aftereffect is suitable for teaching quality evaluation.Due to the complexity of MIS itself,the paper analyzes whether ERP experimental platform can changestudents' score by aiming at practical teaching condition.Taking state transition data of scores as numeric example,the paper builds Markov evaluation model.Through the case analysis,the final result tests verify that the applicability and validity that Markov method applies to teaching evaluation.


Objective To investigate,analyze and evaluate the status of drug storage and validity management of antimicrobials in our hospital,so as to further promote the scientific management of hospital pharmaceutical quality.Methods Through the method of on-site inspection,the drug storage and validity management of antimicrobials were investigated from March to April in 2012.The departments involved drug storage,outpatient,emergency,ward dispensary and 33 ward medicine cabinets.The inspection results were classified,analyzed and evaluated.Results 60 kinds of antibiotics,which included 38 kinds of injections and 22 kinds of tablets,were investigated.The most prominent problem in the management of storage was injection in ward medicine cabinets,which 64 cases(29.09%)did not have a standardized management and 47 cases(43.52%)did not seek a dark storage.The validity management was good overall.However,in ward medicine cabinets,39 cases(17.73%)were improperly managed that the same kinds of antimicrobial were mixed with different varieties.Conclusion The hospital should pay greater attention and strengthen drug storage and validity management of antimicrobials,so as to ensure the quality of antimicrobials in every circulation of the medical institutions and guarantee the safety and efficiency in patients with medication.