The rail services between Yogyakarta and Magelang was clossed in 1976. This paper is aimed to provide some alternative routes between Yogyakarta-Magelang using MCA (Multi Criteria Analysis). MCA's key feature is its ability to offers a number of ways of aggregating the data on individual criteria to provide indicators of the overall performance's options. Three alternative routes were decided based on their specific goals. The first route: crossing along the old track; the second route: connecting busy areas between Yogyakarta – Magelang, and the last route: heading straight to Borobudur Temple. Each route was analyzed by MCA method and compared each other by scoring and weighting. For quantitative criteria (construction cost, operational cost, land acquisition, and railway length) scoring and weighting were given based on calculation using Autocad Civil 3D or simple Microsoft Excel, and for qualitative criteria (demand, accessibility, landscape, social effect, and others), scoring and weighting were given based on scale 1 – 5. The results show that the third route has the lowest cost, but quiet weak in qualitative criteria. Then, the chosen route is the second route, with the best qualitative assessment and also cheap in quantitative assesment.


Jacob van der Meere1, Siija Pirilii and Pirkko Nieminen' 3 A popular conceptualization of autism is that autistic persons have an impairment in attributing mental states to themselves and others which in turn leads to deficits in reciprocal social interaction and communication (the so-called Theory of Mind problem). And indeed, many studies have shown that autistic persons peform poorly in theory of mind tests such as value and false believe tests and facial/voice perception/ recognition tests. However, there is an evidence of that poor performance in such tests is mainly related to low verbal skills. That is, the probability of solving the problems of theory of mind type increases with the level of verbal intelligence. In addition, the performance in emotionally-loaded stimuli tests is difficult for them.


Connected data such as social networks or business process interactions are frequently modeled as graphs, and increasingly often, stored in graph databases. In contrast to relational databases where SQL is the proven query language, there is no established counterpart for graph databases.
 One way to explore and extract data from a graph database is to specify the structure of paths (partial traversals) through the graph.
 We show how such traversals can be expressed by combining graph navigation primitives with familiar grammar constructions such as sequencing, choice and repetition -- essentially applying the idea of parser combinators to graph traversals.
 The result is trails [6], a Scala combinator library that provides an implementation for the neo4j graph database [7] and for the generic graph API blueprints [8].


Over the past four decades, China has successfully transformed from a nearly closed state into a fully integrated international economy and has become an active participant in global markets. In particular, since China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), its foreign trade has achieved rapid growth and transformation. Integration into international production networks and global value chains has seen China evolve into a global manufacturing and trade centre, contributing to its rapid economic growth.


The methods for determination of adulterated vegetable oil were introduced,such as conventional physical and chemical method,spectroscopic method,chromatography,calculate chemical method.The effects of the various methods on determination were analyzed and evaluated,and the research advance for determination of adulterated vegetable oil was also introduced.


We consider in 2D the following special case of the Mumford-Shah functional $$ J(u, \Gamma)=\int_{B_1\backslash\Gamma} |\nabla u|^2 dx + \lambda^2 \frac{\pi}{2} \mathcal{H}^1(\Gamma). $$ It is known that if the minimizer has a crack-tip in the ball $B_1$ (assume at the origin), then $u\approx \lambda \Im \sqrt{z}$ at this point. We calculate higher order terms in the asymptotic expansion, where the homogeneity orders of those terms appear to be solutions to a certain trigonometric relation.


We report seven chicken megrivirus genome sequences identified in chicken fecal samples from a broiler farm in the Netherlands. The sequences were determined using metagenomic sequencing and would expand our understanding of the genome diversity of megriviruses. ABSTRACT We report seven chicken megrivirus genome sequences identified in chicken fecal samples from a broiler farm in The Netherlands. The sequences were determined using metagenomic sequencing and would expand our understanding of the genome diversity of megriviruses.


Abstract Films of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) were quenched at different temperatures. Wide-angle x-ray diffractograms for these samples show the presence of the smectic form of iPP at low quenching temperatures and the appearance of mono-clinic form on increasing the thickness of the substrate and the quenching temperature. A quenching temperature higher than 80°C produces only the monoclinic form of iPP, whereas at intermediate temperatures we obtain three-phase amorphous-smectic-crystalline systems. Except for the two-phase amorphous-crystalline system obtained at high temperatures, density values alone do not allow us to obtain the three-phase fractions. We studied the transport properties, sorption, and diffusion of CH2Cl2 vapor in these systems to investigate the thermodynamic state of the amorphous component. The behavior of the amorphous component with respect to the diffusion of CH2Cl2, which proved identical in all the samples, led us to conclude that at low penetrant activity the smectic phas...


It is an object to reduce erroneous detection or missed malware infection. Shown in the information processing apparatus 20, a comparison unit 251 for comparing the prestored pattern and communication by a terminal connected to a network, according to the result of comparison, the extent to which the terminal is estimated that fraudulent activity a determining unit 254 for determining the phase of the evaluation value and illegal activities, for each terminal, a holding portion 255 for holding the maximum value of each phase of the evaluation value, based on the maximum value of each phase of the evaluation value, the terminal It is provided with a determination unit 257 whether or not performed an illegal activity.


Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic anxiety disorder with an estimated lifetime prevalence in adults of 2-3%. Our aim is to provide an overview of the development of effective psychological treatments for OCD, together with a systematic review of the latest research in the field. Controlled treatment trials have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for OCD. CBT has been at least as effective as medication and shows good benefits at follow up. Nevertheless, more studies are still needed, mainly those focusing on long-term followup, group-treatment and the combined use of CBT with SSRIs. A prefrontal corticostriato-thalamic brain system is implicated in the mediation of symptoms of OCD. Recent research has demonstrated that CBT for OCD can systematically modify cerebral metabolic activity in this cortico subcortical circuit in a manner that is significantly related to clinical outcome.


This paper reviewed the effects of environmental factors on autism based on published articles. Known risk factors include (1) maternal smoking during early pregnancy, (2) mercury exposure, (3) organophosphate pesticide exposure, (4) nutrient defi ciencies, (5) paternal or maternal older age, (6) gestational age, (7) delivery circumstances, (8) summer pregnancy, and (9) assisted conception. In contrast, factors not related to autism include (1) alcohol during pregnancy, (2) polychlorinated biphenyl exposure, (3) lead exposure, (4) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure, (5) socioeconomic status, (6) vaccinations, and (7) low birth weight. However, because the associations between these factors and autism are not conclusive, further research by the Japan Environment and Children's Study is needed in order to elucidate the effects of environmental risk factors on autism.*


AFTER several years during which inter est in problem solving appeared to decline, many groups are once again viewing prob lem solving as an important part of teach ing mathematics. For example, in Detroit at the March 1976 meeting of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 24 of 210 sessions were in some manner involved with problem solving. The practical use of mathematics should involve a continuous four-step process (fig. 1):


The war on terrorism" set a strong precedent for the reactions to the terrorist attacks that followed 9/11. For many years this framing was the main framing of terrorism both in the media and by central political actors across the globe. Research in the same period has found a negative effect of terrorism on attitudes towards out-groups and towards immigration. However, it is unclear if these findings are generalizable to attacks that have other types of reactions than the "War on terror"framing. This paper studies the attitudinal consequences of the Charlie Hebdo attacks. Contrary to the "War on terror"-framing, the French president François Hollande framed the attacks as attacks on the French Republic, emphasizing central republican values in his response. These themes resonated in the public and the French public responded to the attacks in massive demonstrations across France. The seventh round of the European Social Survey is used to study the effects of the attacks on attitudes towards immigration and immigrants in both France and six other European countries. The results reveal an increase in support for restrictions on immigration in the six other European countries, but no change in France. The difference between France and the other European countries is interpreted as a consequence of the political response to the attacks in France. While the emphasis on republican values resonated in the French public, the other European publics both had less knowledge of this French discourse and were probably exposed to a different type of media environment after the attacks. ∗Paper prepared for the ECPR General Conference at the University of Oslo, Norway, 6-9 September 2017 †PhD Candidate, Institute for Social Research, Oslo, Norway. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Extreme waves can randomly arise in crossing seas with waves coming from two or more main directions. Linear superposition with weak nonlinearity has been proposed to explain "every-day'' extreme waves, i.e. waves with an amplitude of at least twice the amplitude of those in the ambient sea. Alternatively, higher-order nonlinear effects in statistical distributions have been simulated and observed to lead to extreme waves. In the former case, it has been proposed to reserve the term "rogue waves'' for very high and steep waves. Hence, we have investigated exact and numerical "rogue-wave'' solutions of water-wave equations for crossing seas but in a deterministic manner. Two exact web-solitons have been analysed for the unidirectional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation (KPE) and numerical solutions have been simulated for the bidirectional, higher-order Benney-Luke equations (BLE) in two horizontal dimensions, the latter seeded at an initial time by either one of these two exact solutions of the KPE. The first exact solution of the KPE is well-known and consists of two main soliton branches of amplitude A, interacting under an angle, to lead to a branch with amplitude 4A. The second exact solution of the KPE is less well-known and consists of three main soliton branches, each with far-field amplitude A, involving waves coming from three directions, and it leads at one point in space and time to an extreme-wave splash. We analyse this exact three-line soliton solution under a symmetric set-up and show in a novel analysis that its maximum, limiting amplification is 9A for a certain angle between the main solitary wave travelling in the positive x-direction and the two other symmetrically-aligned solitary waves. Due to a phase shift, it is only possible to reach the ninefold amplification asymptotically, given a suitable small parameter.


Several theories have been documented on the relevance and irrelevance of dividend policy. Many authors continue to come up with different findings from their studies on the relevance of dividend policy. The main thrust of this study is to find out the relationship between dividend per Share and banks return on net worth among public and private bank. The target population for this study was nationalised public bank and private bank of India. Random data sampling has been made in the study researcher randomly select Bank of Baroda from nationalised bank and Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (ICICI) from private bank. The period of study would be five years from 2013 to 2017. The secondary data were obtained from the annual report of the related banks. Data analysed done with aid of statistical package for social science software. The study found a significant and positive relationship between return on net worth and dividend per share.


The future trends from military to nuclear power industry are analyzed in detail. Put forward to the implementation of military, high technology and nuclear power and put their possibilities into practice. Specific response measures are pointed out in these three respects, indicating that they are urgently needed to run the factory products. In additional the nuclear power plant shall be established in Africa in order to promote new and non-contamination energy. Due to its low labour and undeveloped industry many opportunity will await us to mine its countless challenge. Like south Africa they can live together with better status because of their development. So if endeavor is imported many new project will be found by us together. Let us continue to pay attention to Africa for better benefit and common development.


We studied species and sensitivity towards antimycotics of fungi, isolated from vagina, in women with vulvovaginal candidosis. 324 women were examined, 139 of them had vulvovaginal candidosis (63 cases of acute and 76 of chronic disease). C. albicans predominated: 76,2% in acute forms and 68,4% in chronic forms, non-albicans species in 23,8% and 31,6% accordingly. We evaluated significant variation in resistance of Candida spp towards five main antimycotic drugs.


Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a complex of risk factors for the development of cardiovascular complications and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The conventional components of the syndrome are four in number: dyslipidaemia, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and abdominal obesity. This particular constellation of risk factors puts the patient at a much higher cardiovascular risk, when compared with the general population. The syndrome has a multifactorial aetiology and pathogenesis. Various modalities of treatment such as non-pharmacological, pharmacological and surgical are available for the management of MetS. The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers are the preferred drugs for the management of hypertensive component of MetS. Recent studies have shown that they also have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasoprotective and insulin sensitizing action. Hence, they may be better choice in controlling the various components of MetS.


PT. Mandabella Aerindo is a company that produces and sells packaged water under a brand name ORYZ which was founded by Dody Suprihartono in 2012. The company operates in Serang and sales covers several areas in Banten. The packaged water business is a business that has many risks, one of which is the defective product. Product defects cause by the low quality of a product, which causes the company to receive a lot of returns from customers. This return problem then causes the company to lose its customers, and it will give an even worse impact to the company if it is not been handle seriously. One of ways to resolve returns is by improving the quality of a product so that it could decrease the defect level. Quality improvement is also beneficial for company to be able to provide products that meet customer expectations and demands. This research aims to analyze the priority requirements of ORYZ packaged water customers which are grouped in eight quality dimensions of Garvin measurement (performance, features, reliability, conformance, durability, serviceability, aesthetics, and perceived quality).
The number of samples in this research was chosen by purposive sampling technique and collected through questionnaire techniques. This research involved 96 respondents who are ORYZ packaged water retailers in Serang, Banten. This research also involves the assessment of PT. Mandabella Aerindo to strengthen the appraisal of its customers. The priority of customer's requirements is analyzed using the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method and Quality Function Deployment (QFD).
The results of this research are discovered that "Packaged water is not easy to leak" is the customer's requirement attribute that has the highest priority based on IPA and QFD analysis (with a raw weight normalized value of 14.97%). While the attribute "Fulfilling amount of demands" is the company's technical characteristic that has the highest priority (with a value of relative weights of 14.52%).


'The determination of priorities in technical education and their relevance to possible forms of Commonwealth co‐operation'. This was the title of Sir Willis's address to the third Commonwealth Education Conference held in Ottawa, which we reproduce here in full


It is well known that spontaneous drying of some fluid droplets on certain solid surfaces forms a "coffee ring" pattern. In this paper, we studied "coffee ring" formation for two kinds of Ag colloidal nanoparticles (borohydride-reduced (b.-r.) and hydroxylamine-reduced (h.-r.)) and its impact on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Optical and scanning electron microscopies were used to observe the morphology of the dried rings as well. We used 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TMPyP) as a testing SERS molecular probe. The results showed that the structure of the edge rings of dried drops of Ag colloid/TMPyP systems was different for b.-r. and h.-r. nanoparticles. The inherent limitation of our approach is inhomogeneity in particle and "hot spots" distribution, SERS signal fluctuation, and consequently low spectral reproducibility. However, in the case of h.-r. nanoparticles, it formed a structure with highly enhancing sites ("hot spots") providing enormous SERS signal of TMPyP. Higher sensitivity and the possibility of spectral mapping over the dried pattern are advantages in comparison with the measurements from colloidal suspension. Although our approach is not reliable for quantitative analytical SERS applications, it can serve as a simple, cheap, and fast prescan method, which can be easily implemented for preliminary SERS analysis.


The article analyses the opportunities and forms of the national and regional ecological policy realization in Africa. Different ways of green technologies implementation in the spheres of climate smart agriculture, electricity provision, eco-industrial parks, blue economy projects are considered. Special attention is paid to targeted agroforestry and electricity programs as well as their practical use in African countries, including new farming and renewable energy methods. The ecological crisis overcoming with the help of green technologies development is accompanied by arising financial and social problems, such as aggravation of unemployment situation, depriving low-skilled workers and jobs. Solving the African problems dealing with green technologies introduction for reaching sustainable development is impossible without intensification of regional economic integration and international partnership.


The dependence of dispersion penalty on transmission length has been investigated in an optical communications system employing a directly modulated 2.5 Gbit/s DFB laser source and a fibre grating dispersion compensator. The 2 dB penalty transmission distance is approximately 520 km along standard monomode fibre, representing a great improvement over the 150 km range expected for a similar uncompensated system.


The use of electrostatic fields in cusp confinement systems is discussed. Ions are lost mainly by maxwellization, with the highenergy tail removed as these ions have sufficient energy to surmount the potential barrier. Thus, the maxwellian is truncated, with the cutoff energy equal to the potential-well depth. Reactionrate calculations are given for various fusion reactions from 1 to 100 keV. It is concluded that satisfactory fusion reaction rates can be obtained with the D--T reaction if potential well depths of approximately 100 keV can be produced. (MOW)


An electric powered skateboard (100), relating to the field of transport tools, and comprising a remote controller (101), a board body (102), front wheels (103), rear wheels (104), and a battery built into the board body (102), the front wheels (103) and the rear wheels (104) respectively being rotationally arranged at the two ends of the board body (102), a wheel hub motor used for driving the rear wheels (104) being arranged in the rear wheels (104), the wheel hub motor being connected to the battery, and the wheel hub motor also being wirelessly connected to the remote controller (101). The present electric powered skateboard (100), by means of the wireless remote controller (101) controlling the operation of the skateboard, omits a pressure sensor and a mounting groove, having a simple structure and low production costs, and being highly reliable, strongly integral, and waterproof.


We report Raman scattering study on InN single crystalline films with wurtzite form. The films were grown on sapphire substrates by microwave‐excited metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy and optical phonon properties of the films were investigated. Both A1(LO) and E2(2) peaks, which are related to a longitudinal optical phonon mode and a doubly degenerated mode, respectively, were observed at 596 cm−1 with the full width of 36 cm−1 at half maximum intensity and at 495 cm−1 with the full width of 20 cm−1 at half maximum intensity.


There have been many documented cases of technology transfer from astronomy to other disciplines such as medicine, for example, a system for diagnosing breast cancer utilising software originally developed to mosaic planetary images. The approach taken in this research will involve using a technology originally developed for radio astronomy to detect water leaks in pipes that are part of water networks in various infrastructure systems. This is innovative research as it involves an interdisciplinary approach to explore a technology and evaluate its commercial potential. Experiments are underway in which signals from an acoustic phased array are amplified and digitized using a multichannel analogue-to-digital (ADC) converter and analysed using a software correlation technique to identify leak signatures. Therefore, the chosen technology's commercialisibility will be tested for alternate applications which can be applied to infrastructures such as water networks. In addition, the importance of interdisciplinary research will also be reflected through this research.


This paper considers how the physical landscape of Northern Ireland is used in film, television and novels to suggest that violence is part of the essential character of the Irish. I begin by discussing the way in which mural paint ings have become a key signifier of the threat of Republican violence. The paintings have come to stand in for the unseen gunmen themselves who are depicted as a product of the decaying urban fabric and represented by it. But the paintings are also used to redefine the working-class estates as ghettos, a term which helps to frame the context of the violence as other and distant from British political life. In contrast to the violence of the poor ghetto dwellers the middle classes are shown as responsible and law abiding. They are peaceful men and women living in the respectability of the suburban landscape.


Tribal Society is a paradox to the world of racial heritage. The perplex variety of way of living, languages, economy is fully reflected in their cultural. This fascinating eye catching culture will keep captivating the intellectuals, laureates and novelist also. Our state Odisha has multifariousness of tribal populations. The shining cultural heritage of tribal's of Odisha has made the state culturally gorgeous.
This paper is a venture to paint the bygone cultural heritage of kharia tribes. Time has come to be aware of the relevance of these social vigorous for analyzing the current position of kharia community. Keeping this in mind the present paper made a comprehensive record of this Indigenous and cherished surface of kharia tribal endowments.


Turnover among its salespeople is a significant issue for direct selling firms because attrition impacts the size and continuity of revenue generation by a firm's sales force. While turnover rates in direct selling are high overall, turnover rates and intentions to quit differ significantly between multilevel (ML) and single level (SL) forms of direct selling organizations. This study examines whether specific demographic and behavioural/attitudinal characteristics of direct salespeople correspond to differences in turnover between ML and SL salespeople. For many demographic variables there are significant differences between ML and SL salespeople, but none of these differences correspond to differences in quitting intentions. There are also significant differences between ML and SL salespeople on the behavioural and attitudinal variables studied. Analysis revealed that the relationship between some of these variables and quitting intentions differed substantially between ML and SL salespeople. These variables included job satisfaction, organizational commitment, perceived image of direct selling in the marketplace, and the importance of the job characteristics of work rewards and career growth. Specific managerial implications follow from these findings.


The present invention discloses a light emitting diode driving apparatus and method for maintaining the operating current circuit has. Maintaining current circuit comprising an input terminal, to maintain a resistor, a regulator, a first resistor, a second resistor, the resistor is set, the control unit and the switching transistor. Maintaining resistance regulator, a first resistor and a second resistor and a transistor switch and the setting resistor are connected in series between the input terminal and a ground terminal. The control unit are respectively coupled to the switching transistor, the resistor is maintained between the regulator and the first resistor and the second resistor. The control unit receives the sustain voltage between a first resistor and a second voltage regulator between the first resistor and the second resistor, and outputs a control signal to control the switching transistor selectively closed.


The damage of unallowable blast induced vibrations on the newly constructed concrete structures in the excavations of the Karoun III project results in a decrease in the safety of its structures. Therefore prediction and control of the vibrations are of importance in the study area. To predict the vibrations in this area, two main approaches were used and the results were interpreted and compared. The vibrations were first predicted using several widely used empirical models. Then, an artificial neural network (ANN) was used. In the ANN model, maximum charge per delay, total charge per round, distance from blast site, direction of firing, blast hole length, number of blast holes, total delay in milliseconds, number of delay intervals and average specific charge were taken into consideration as input parameters. However, the ANN approach showed very high correlation and very small estimation error, the best empirical model resulted in a reliable correlation and an acceptable error of estimation. By considering all aspects the empirical approach was used in practice. Finally a plot based on standard values of vibrations was proposed for the safety of the structures.


A videosystemproviding enhanced viewing oftelevision pictures sourced fromawidescreen format (e.g. 53:3aspect ratio) should notpreclude compatibility withNTSCstandards.A plausible scenario entitled ENTSC, delivers theHDTV picture via twochannels: carried bythefirst channel isthestandard NTSCbroadcast, andbythesecond channel istheaugmentation information --mostnotably thesidepanels required toincrease theaspect ratio andtheenhancement informationtoincrease thepicture resolution andsoundquality. A paramount concern ofthevideophile istheintegrity ofthe signal processing entailed inseparating andrecombining the center andpanels toreconstruct a uniform picture. This paperdescribes asystem-level technique bywhichthepictureisdecomposed forNTSC transmission andthen reassembled inthenewhomereceiver. Anomalies inthe areaofthecenter topanel stitch aretargeted employing sample redundancy, edgeshaping andfading, andrandomization. Theschemeprovides forartifact-free reconstitution ofthewidescreen image, immunefromstitching artifacts.


The paper examines preference reversal in equal-probability gambles, gambles in which all payoffs have the same probability. The results indicate that for attractive gambles (gambles whose payoffs are positive) there is a higher preference for high-variance gambles when preference is inferred from pricing and rating than when it is inferred from choice, while for unattractive gambles (gambles whose payoffs are negative) there is a higher preference for high-variance gambles when preference is inferred from choice than when it is inferred from pricing. The results also indicate that in pricing, but not in choice, there is a lower preference for high-variance gambles when the subject possesses the gamble than when he or she does not possess it. The implications of these effects for various explanations of preference reversal are discussed, and it is concluded that the effects can be explained by anchoring and adjustment, but not by compatibility, prominence, expression theory, or change of process theory.


To evaluate differences in the structural connectome among patients with normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer disease (AD) and to determine associations between the structural connectome and cortical amyloid deposition.


THE BANKING ACT of 1935 provided for greatly tightened federal regulation of entry into the bank industry. In a well-known study, Peltzman (1965) investigated whether this legislation, in fact, had affected the entry rate in the industry. He found a significant downward shift of the intercept in his model of the relation between the entry rate and its economic determinants in the post-1935 period. 1


Nova Scotia has opened the door for nurse practitioners to assume wider responsibilities: its Registered Nurses Act now allows certified nurse practitioners to see patients, make diagnoses and write some prescriptions. Health Minister Jamie Muir says the result will be improved health care and


In order to photosynthesize,land plants must open their stomata to exchange small amounts of CO2 at the cost of losing a lot of water vapor through transpiration.This gas exchange is unequal in that more water is lost than CO2 is taken in.In general,fast growing species are characterized by their high photosynthetic capacity,most of which is achieved at the expense of consuming large amounts of water.This trade-off poses a serious challenge to forestry in the selection of fast-growing tree species in arid and semiarid areas.The ideal forestry species for drier climates should maintain a high photosynthetic capacity as well as low water consumption for transpiration,but such species are very rare.In this study,the LI-6400(LICOR,Inc.Lincoln,NE,USA) portable photosynthesis system was employed to measure diurnal changes in photosynthetic and transpiration indices in sexually mature Pinus densiflora var.zhangwuensis and P.sylvestris var.mongolica(18 years old).In addition,the cut-branch transpiration method was used to compare stomatal and cuticular transpiration in order to evaluate the sensitivity of stomatal opening and closing and to characterize the photosynthetic productivity and water consumption for transpiration in these two species in different growing seasons.P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis had a higher photosynthesis rate(Pn) and a lower transpiration rate(Tr) than P.sylvestris var.mongolica under the same conditions.In May and July,the diurnal changes of Pn and Tr in P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis formed double-peaked curve as a result of mid-day stomatal limitation,while it formed single-peaked curve in October.The daily variation of Pn and Tr in P.sylvestris var.mongolica exhibited a monopeak curve throughout the growing season.The net photosynthesis per day in P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis was higher than in P.sylvestris var.mongolica;values for the former were 163.4(May),211.1(July),and 183.6(October) percent of the latter.The photoresponse parameter measurements showed that,in different months,the maximum rate of photosynthesis of P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis was greater than that of P.sylvestris var.mongolica,and the former also had a higher light saturation point and a lower light compensation point.The stomatal conductivity(Gs) and Tr of P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis were lower than those of P.sylvestris var.mongolica when measured at random times.The stomatal and cuticular Tr of P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis were lower,and in the same drought conditions,its stomata were deeper and had a higher sensitivity for opening and closing.Water use efficiency(WUE) of P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis was 2.29 times that of P.sylvestris var.mongolica.Analysis of the correlation between Gs and WUE showed that P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis could maintain high WUE when Gs levels were high.In May and July,when P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis exhibited midday photosynthetic depression,its Gs level was low,usually in the 90—200 mmol ·m-2·s-1 range.At the same time,its WUE was higher than that of P.sylvestris var.mongolica,indicating that P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis could effectively conserve water by closing its stomata rapidly at midday,so as to maintain its high WUE.These results implied that P.densiflora var.zhangwuensis can improve its WUE,yielding its higher Pn and lower Tr,and achieves its fast growth in arid and semiarid regions through its sensitive stomatal response and leaf xeromorphism.


Based on the data of the solar wind (SW) measurements of the OMNI database for the period 1976–2019, we investigate the behavior of SW types, as well as plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters, for 21–24 solar cycles (SCs). Our analysis shows that with the beginning of the period of low solar activity (SC 23), the number of all types of disturbed events in the interplanetary medium decreased, but the proportion of magnetic storms initiated by CIR increased. In addition, a change in the nature of SW interaction with the magnetosphere could occur due to a decrease in the density, temperature, and IMF of solar wind.


Research results on time-delayed feedback control for chaotic systems are summarized in four aspects: fundamental ideas, controller design, stability analysis and modifications. Finally, further research directions are pointed out.


Wave prediction needed for maritime construction is generally performed by numerical models. This method, however, requires a high-performance computer and a large cost of computational resources. With the development of neural networks, which can compute at a low cost, the use of neural networks in wave prediction has recently been studied. However, because a large amount of training data is required for neural network tasks using scarce datasets, it is difficult to predict wave conditions accurately. Fan et al. (2020) reported that using LSTM model for prediction of significant wave height (Hs) was higher accuracy than conventional neural network model. Additionally, they recommended using at least 2 years of training data for 6h predictions, that is, an excessively small amount of data is not presumed to predict sufficiently Hs. Therefore, we propose a wave prediction method using transition learning. Transfer Learning is the method of transferring trained knowledge from one model to another. In this study, we investigate whether transfer learning can be used to improve the performance of Hs prediction by transferring the knowledge learned at Sakata port, which has a large amount of training data, to the coast of Yamagata, which has a scarce one.


The utility model discloses a multi -functional lens, including preventing blue light anti ultraviolet's lens body, grease proofing pollution layer and being located the lens body with anti -reflection layer between the grease proofing pollution layer, the utility model discloses set gradually anti -reflection layer and grease proofing pollution layer on the surface of lens body, make the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who has antireflection and grease proofing dirt, it makes to add the material that can prevent blue light anti ultraviolet function in the lens body the utility model discloses can filter harmful blue light and the ultraviolet ray more than 99% to the protection eyes.


The up-to-date mould design for aluminum seamless tube manufacture-using the single action extrusion machine, applying high pressure high speed which produces high temperature to modify material flow direction, using the mould to form aluminum seamless billet, pressing and then obtain the aluminum seamless tube.


The present volume represents the next stage in a massive project, which has been preceded by two other volumes—one on Moscow and Leningrad, the other on the Baltic republics and Belorussia. This volume follows the format of its predecessors and essentially consists of an exhaustive bibliography along with brief sketches of institutional history. The second half of the present volume (in preparation) will present a detailed historical survey of the development of archives and record keeping in Ukraine and Moldavia. As the sheer length indicates, this is a work of titanic proportions, containing more than two thousand bibliographical citations. Each entry includes a translation of the title (superfluous, in my judgment), indicates availability in major American libraries and the microfiche collection of the Inter Documentation Company, and provides a brief annotation for each title. The volume thus offers a meticulous listing of prerevolutionary and Soviet titles, the use of which can substantially facilitate preparations for research. The scope of this tome is also impressive, for it embraces not only republic and oblast archives, but also a broad range of libraries, research institutes, and museums. It is also a beautifully produced work, a credit to Princeton University Press. It bears emphasizing, however, that this is a bibliography of finding aids: It provides no hard information on either the substance or the sheer quantitative scale of particular holdings. It would have been particularly desirable to include the number of storage units (edinitsy khraneniia) when specific fondy are mentioned. Inclusion of such data would enable the reader, without seeking out the rare copies of putevoditeli, to take measure of a fond and compare it with comparable holdings in other archives. Predictably, information is sparsest with respect to archival holdings on the Soviet period, especially party archives, which, for all practical purposes, have been little used and rarely described. Perhaps the most serious weakness of existing guidebooks derives from the fact that they are prisoners of the past: They provide information in archaic categories that are directed toward outmoded interests and problematica. Grimsted has made a valiant effort to provide information of interest to modern historians (for example, parish registers), but the existing guidebooks simply contain little hard information on many source categories that are essential for the study of popular culture and social relations (for example, the records of civil, criminal, and ecclesiastical courts). Perhaps the current liberalization of archival access will permit a detailed case study of a single oblast archive, with the aim being not to summarize information from old guidebooks, but to examine opisi for a systematic description of which materials are to be found in local archives. Finally, it goes without saying that this volume—essentially completed by 1985—does not take into account current research conditions, especially with respect to the liberalization of access to opisi and provincial archives.


using fuzzy set to evaluate automobile fault diagnosis is a very practical method.The paper cites some cases to illustrate how to evaluate diagnosis of automobile faults.From the cases study,we can see that the method can get a good result.


ABSTRACT Despite growing momentum to overhaul teacher evaluation policies and practices, scant research examines how educators at the street level of such reform—principals and teachers—make sense of them, and almost no research examines the implications of current evaluation reforms for equity. This article provides findings based on a study of 14 districts implementing a new teacher evaluation policy in Connecticut. It focuses on how principals shaped teachers' opportunities to learn about the new policy. We find that the majority of teachers' opportunities to learn were formal and in whole group or one-on-one formats. We find important differences in the quantity and quality of learning opportunities at the district level, with districts serving greater shares of low-income students, students of color, and English language learners generally offering teachers fewer and lower quality opportunities to learn about the new reform than their counterparts. As such, this article builds on prior research illustrating the potential of new evaluation systems to exacerbate inequities and raises important cautions regarding the extent to which the unprecedented teacher evaluation reforms (currently underway) may exacerbate inequities among school districts.


Abstract The aim of this paper is to apply new results on the boundary stabilisation via energy-shaping of distributed port-Hamiltonian systems to a nonlinear PDE, i.e. a slightly simplified formulation of the shallow water equation. Usually, stabilisation of non-zero equilibria via energy-balancing has been achieved by looking at, or generating, a set of structural invariants (Casimir functions), in closed-loop. This approach is not successful in case of the shallow water equation because at the equilibrium the regulator is supposed to supply an infinite amount of energy (dissipation obstacle). In this paper, it is shown how to construct a controller that behaves as a state-modulated boundary source and that asymptotically stabilises the desired equilibrium. The proposed approach relies on a parametrisation of the dynamics provided by the image representation of the Dirac structure associated to the distributed port-Hamiltonian system. In this way, the effects of the boundary inputs on the state evolution are explicitly shown, and as a consequence the boundary control action that maps the open-loop system into a target one characterised by the desired stability properties, i.e. by a "new" Hamiltonian with an isolated minimum at the equilibrium, is determined.


Saline phantoms have been used traditionally as biological mimics to load radio frequency (RF) coils during development and testing. However, the relative permittivity of biological tissues diverges from that of water as frequencies increase, resulting in saline phantoms loading coils much differently than the real biological systems. We have developed tissue-equivalent phantoms with compartments containing gels that approach the relative permittivities and conductivities of a rat at 470 MHz. The gel characteristics are measured with a coaxial probe and the coil-loading characteristics of the assembled phantoms are compared with real animals. It is shown that the tissue-equivalent phantoms load coils similarly to live rats, unlike the saline phantoms. Using these tissue-equivalent phantoms, the coil designer can be confident that when the coil leaves the laboratory to be used in the magnet, it will be optimized for the biological system of interest. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 20B: 30–33, 2004.


Reality Check is a family planning projection tool consisting of a straightforward Excel Workbook that allows one to assess past trends in the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) and test future scenarios for the geographic area in which ones program is operating. The tool also allows users to test and assess whether established goals are reasonable based on the local specific context. Reality v was designed for multiple audiences to run projections based on the geographic focus of their choosing. Beneficiaries of the tool would include Ministry of Health planners and administrators at the national provincial or district levels as well as family planning programmers at donor agencies or cooperating agencies. Anyone with basic Excel skills will be able to make their way through using the tool. The tool was also designed to be a stand-alone product that could be used in low-resource settings where high-capacity Internet connections or high-level programming skills may not be available. The purpose of this Users Guide is to instruct a user on how to apply the tool; the guide sets forth instructions and methodology for projecting family planning trends. It is written for self-teaching and can also be used as a tool for group trainings. The guide presents an overview of the tool and instructions on how to examine past trends and project them into the future. (excerpt)


Companying with the theory teaching,gives the designed experiment content and introduces the corresponding experiment teaching method by the demonstration of the computer interior and chip programming using the microcomputers in multimedia classroom.


1.Introduction: Geographies of Knowledge, Geometries of Power: Higher Education in the 21st Century, Debbie Epstein Section 1. 2. Introduction: Producing and Reproducing the University, Rosemary Deem 3.Repairing the Deficits of Modernity the emergence of parallel discourses in higher education in Europe, Roger Dale 4. The University and the Welfare State in Transition: Changing Public Services in a Wider Context, Marek Kwiek 5. University Leadership in the Twenty-First Century: the Case for Academic Caesarism, Steve Fuller 6. (Re)producing Universities: Knowledge Dissemination, Market Power and the Global Knowledge Commons, Penny Ciancanelli 7.New Tricks and Old Dogs? The 'Third Mission' and the Re-production of the University, Maria Nedeva Section 2 8.Introduction: Supplying knowledge, Rebecca Boden 9.The Constitution of a New Global Regime: Higher Education in the GATS/WTO Framework, Antoni Verger 10.In Quality We Trust? The Case of Quality Assurance in Finnish Universities, Jani Ursin 11.HRM in HE: People Reform or Re-forming People?, Matt Waring 12.Policy Incitements to Mobility: Some Speculations and Provocations, Jane Kenway and Johannah Fahey Section 3: 13.Introduction: Demanding Knowledge - Marketing and Consumption, Susan Wright 14.Towards a High Skills Economy:Higher Education and the New Realities of Global Capitalism, Phillip Brown, Hugh Lauder and David Ashton 15.International Student Migration: The Case of Chinese 'Sea-turtles', Wei Shen 16.Government Rhetoric and Student Understandings: Discursive Framings of Higher Education 'Choice', Rachel Brooks 17.Higher Education: A Powerhouse for Development in a Neo-Liberal Age?, Rajani Naidoo 18. Shaping the global market of higher education through quality promotion, Gigliola Mathison 19.The Rise of Private Higher Education in Senegal: An Example of Knowledge Shopping?, Gunnar Guddal Michelson Section 4 20. Introduction: Transnational Academic Flows, Fazal Rizvi 21.Have global academic flows created a global labour market?, Simon Marginson 22.Transnational academic mobility in a global knowledge economy: comparative and historical motifs, Terri Kim 23.The Chinese Knowledge Diaspora: Communication Networks among Overseas Chinese Intellectuals in the Global Era, Anthony R. Welch and Zhang Zhen 24. Internationalization and the Cosmopolitical University, Rodrigo Britez and Michael A. Peters 25.The Social Web: Changing Knowledge Systems in Higher Education, Bill Cope and Marh Kalantzis


[Objective]To understand the decentralized water quality and survey its impact on gastrointestinal conditions of population during the drought in Chengdu rural areas,to discuss the effects of decentralized water quality on gastrointestinal function and to inform potential risk factors which are harmful for the safety of rural decentralized water,to provide measures and proposals for other similar areas to ensure water sanitation.[Methods]In April 2010,we randomly selected nine villages in the three townships of most effected districts(cities/counties)in Chengdu,with villages as a unit,and conducted a questionnaire to 312 households and monitored 100 water samples on the extraction of the nine villages.Lastly,analyzed the influencing factors by Logistic regression.[Results]During the drought,the passing rate of decentralized water quality of water supply in rural areas was low(7.0%).In all specific indicators,the sensory indicators(color,turbidity,visible matter),chemical indicators(Fe,Mn),microbial indicators(colony count,total coliforms,thermotolerant coliforms)and toxicological indicators(nitrate)did not all passed during the drought situation.Water in drought-affected rural areas had great influence in gastrointestinal function of population.Excluding effects of other confounding,the risk caused gastrointestinal symptoms because of substandard water was 6.896 times than the eligible(P﹤0.05).Water types,ways of drinking water were also the factors which leading the farmers having gastrointestinal symptoms.[Conclusion]The quality of decentralized water is low,mainly in the sensory indicators and microbial indicators.The poor water quality,increased sources of surface water,drinking un-boiled water lead the farmers being in the emergence of gastrointestinal symptoms.


Cellulose was extracted from cassava stem (Manihot esculenta) and then was converted to sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC). The cassava stem was dried, ground and sieved and allowed to pass through a 50 mesh sieve. Cellulose was extracted, delignified and bleached using sodium chlorite and glacial acetic acid. Carboxymethyl cellulose was consequently synthesized from the extracted cellulose by the use of isopropyl alcohol as solvent with the addition of 20% NaOH and monochloroacetic acid. The yield of CMC was 121.5%. The synthesized CMC was then subjected to FTIR test. Production of carboxymethyl cellulose was confirmed by bands at wave numbers of 1636.6 cm-1 and 1423.8 cm-1 which could have been attributed to the COO and –CH2 functional groups, respectively. A CMC with viscosity value of 43.4 cP at 2% concentration and a degree of substitution (DS) value equivalent to 0.64 was obtained during the conversion indicating that the product would be fully soluble in water.


Routing and load-balancing are two tasks particularly hard in Peer-to-Peer(P2P) computing grid.Traditional routing and load-balancing algorithms can not be applied to P2P networks:due to distributed and dynamic environment and the lack of central control,This paper presents a hybrid P2P routing and load-balancing algorithm which draws inspiration from ant collective intelligence,mobile agents-artificial ants deposit pheromone that used by taking routing decision and task scheduling when traveling between nodes.Simulation results show that the algorithm is effective and adapted to decentralized and self-organized P2P network.


Beowulf clusters, which exploit mass-market PC hardware and software in conjunction with cost-effective commercial network technology, are becoming the platform for many scientific, engineering, and commercial applications. With growing popularity has come growing complexity. Addressing that complexity, Beowulf Cluster Computing with Windows and Beowulf Cluster Computing with Linux provide system users and administrators with the tools they need to run the most advanced Beowulf clusters. The book is appearing in both Windows and Linux versions in order to reach the entire PC cluster community, which is divided into two distinct camps according to the node operating system.


The tennis serve is one of the fundamental strokes in the development of the high performance tennis player. The aim of this study is to find the kinetic chain of two women professional tennis players' serve by means of 3D photogrammetric. The sample was 12 and 14 flat tennis serves, recorded with high speed cameras at 125 Hz. Their mean serve speeds were 38.1 m/s and 41.4 m/s. The mean of the angular velocities were 618 and 415 o/s at the thorax, 416 and 197 o/s at the pelvis; and 1404 and 1962 o/s at the internal rotation of upper arm. The kinetic energy was the biomechanical parameter considered. In both cases there was found significant energy transference between the body segments. Also, the kinetic chains found did not follow the key events of maximum angular velocities. Their parameters and "timing" were different between each player, in the way that they showed two models which were no compatible each other.


Currently the TinyOS task scheduling is based on first-come-first-served non-preempting strategy,which is not able to give emergency tasks quick response,and throughput of nodes is lower.To address this issue,this paper proposed a preempting algorithm,HRRF(Highest-Response-Ratio First) Algorithm.Through executing real-time tasks within an higher priority,it met system requirement for the real-time response,and improved processor's response speed.Through executing soft real-time tasks based on Highest-Response-Ratio(waited time/run time) scheduling priority strategy,system throughput was increased.The TinyOS test result indicated that under the condition of not affec-ting(decreasing) the original performance,HRRF strategy greatly improved sensor network performance in working on real-time tasks.


The impact of nitrogen (N) and potash (K) levels and application methods on yield and yield attributes of wheat was investigated in experiments conducted at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during Rabi 2010 -11 and 201112. The experiments were laid out in RCB design with splits plot arrangement s applying application methods to main and combinations of N and K to sub -plots using three replications. A subplot size of 1.8 m × 5 m having 6 rows 30 cm apart and 5 m longwas used. Four levels of N (90, 120, 150 and 180 kg ha -1 ), three levels of K (30, 60 and 90 kg ha -1 ) and four application methods (soil application, 95% soil + 5% foliar application, 90% soil + 10% foliar application and 85% soil + 15% foliar application)were applied. Foliar spray was started at tillering and completed within two weeks. Pre -sowing soil tests were carried out for the N, K, organic matter and soil pH. Foliar K was applied in the form of Solo Potash (50% K 2O) using 0.57 Molar K solutions. A b asal dose of P was applied @ 90 kg P2O5 ha -1 . Wheat cultivar "SIRAN-2010" was used in the experiment. It was observed that as an average of the two years, grain yield increased by 7.6% with 15% foliar application of nutrients as compared with soil applied. Yield components improved with increase in N and K levels. Based on the average of the two years, N @ 180 kg ha -1 in interaction with K @ 90 kg ha -1 enhanced grain yield by (47.4%), biological yield (28.5%), 1000 grain weight (29.2%), and grains spike -1 (24.6%) as compared with control. On the basis of these results, it is recommended that N @ 180 and K @ 90 kg ha -1 in combination should be applied for higher grain yield of wheat. Nitrogen @ 180 kg ha -1 with 10% foliar application are recommended for hig her grain yield of wheat.


This chapter examines the tort of misuse of private information. It begins by considering the sort of information that can be considered private, before moving on to examining the test for whether there is a reasonable expectation of privacy over such information before, finally, looking at the 'ultimate balancing test' that is the balancing of rights under Article 8 and 10 of the European Convention of Human Rights.


Ten essential oils were evaluated against Alternate brassicae, the cause of Aiternaria bllght of rapeseed, both under laboratory and pot house conditions. Oil of Mentha piperita gave complete inhibition of fungal growth at 2000 ug mL−1 followed by oii of Cyperus scariousus. Rest of the oils showed low to moderate efficacy. Oils of Mentha piperita and Cyperus scariousus, which were found promising in the laboratory study against A. brassicae, were further tested against Alternaria bllght of rapeseed under pot house conditions. Both of these oils gave high level of disease control at 10000 pg mL−1.


While attitudes toward gay and lesbian civil rights issues have generally become more positive, attitudes regarding the rights of gay and lesbian couples to adopt children are relatively more negative. It is proposed that attitudes toward homosexual adoption are rooted in self-protective defense mechanisms, sexism, and beliefs about the etiology of sexual orientation. A sample of Introductory Psychology students was asked to read one of three adoption scenarios. The three scenarios were identical except that the gender composition of the candidate couple was manipulated (i.e., heterosexual couple, gay male couple, or lesbian couple). Results for men and women were analyzed separately because previous evidence suggests that men and women process attitudes related to sexual orientation differently. Men's attitudes toward homosexual adoption were predicted by self-protective defense mechanisms, beliefs about the etiology of sexual orientation, and hostile sexism; women's attitudes were predicted by beliefs about the etiology of sexual orientation, self-protective defense mechanisms, hostile sexism, and benevolent sexism. The importance of a theoretical understanding of the determinants of attitudes toward gay and lesbian adoption and the implications of the current theory for professionals working with gay or lesbian adoption candidates are discussed.


We investigated how individual differences in language proficiency and executive control impact cross-language meaning activation through phonology. Ninety-six university students read English sentences that contained French target words. Target words were high- and low-frequency French interlingual homophones (i.e., words that share pronunciation, but not meaning across langauges; mot means 'word' in French and sounds like 'mow' in English) and matched French control words (e.g., mois – 'month' in French). Readers could use the homophones' shared phonology to activate their English meanings and, ultimately, make sense of the sentence (e.g., Tony was too lazy to mot/mois the grass on Sunday). Shorter reading times were observed on interlingual homophones than control words, suggesting that phonological representations in one language activate cross-language semantic representations. Importantly, the magnitude of the effect was modulated by word frequency, and several participant-level characteristics, including French proficiency, English word knowledge, and executive control ability.


The Coffee culture is the most important agricultural activity when it comes to social and economic aspects in Espírito Santo. The state is Brazil's second largest producer including arabica and conilon coffee, with a production of 13.7 million bags, which represents 22.3% of the Bazillian coffee. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk in arabica coffee cultivation comparing manual and semi-mechanized harvesting to different productivity levels. For the feasibility analysis, the techniques of Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return were used and the sensitivity analysis was used for the risk assessment. The risk statistics evaluated by the standard deviation and coefficient of variation indicate that it is less risky to produce at the productivity levels of 50 bags per hectare in manual harvesting and over 40 bags per hectare in semi-mechanized harvesting. Keywords: Coffee. Risk. Investment. Modernization.


The need for professional development for both teachers and speech and language therapists working with children with speech, language and communication needs has been highlighted in recent publications. Less attention has been given to how such training should be evaluated. This paper describes the use of scenarios to evaluate a professional development programme for teaching staff, offered by speech and language therapists. The benefits and limitations of using this approach over other methods are discussed.


This article reports the results of a research mission of the Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation (IDEC) faculty to Brazil in September 2009. The purpose of the mission was to strengthen the understanding about the relation between ethanol policy, the local development and current importance of ethanol program as strategy to emission mitigation in Brazil. Relevant notes on discussions carried out with specialists from government and private organizations are presented and afterwards jointly evaluated by the mission's participants. Among the main results it was observed a consensus on the necessary increment of sugarcane crops and ethanol production in Brazil in order to attend both domestic and international demands. Several evidences of diversification on the usage of ethanol indicate that demand for the fuel will keep the growing consumption records observed over the last decade what also generates concerns on the supplying capacity and the policies regarding the land usage and sugarcane cultivation. A subsection dedicated to post-mission research activities are presented followed by general conclusions and recommendations for further researches.


JPEG images decoded and encoded rapidly and effectively based on OMAP3530 chip. USB camera deployed as images' acquisition equipment, and used the ARM + DSP multi-core OMAP3530 processor as image decode-encode processing chip. The results sent to the user interface ultimately. System's development was based on DVSDK. The result proved system fast than others.


This study attempts to trace the historical process through which Korea's resident registration card system became an important tool with which to control the general public. The first residential certificate system was created as part of the efforts to establish a governance basis following the collapse of the 1st US-USSR Joint Commission. This system was designed to provide leaders with a firm understanding of the nature of the population. However, this system began to be used differently following the establishment of divided governments. In the aftermath of the mass suppression of partisans and of the ensuing Korean War, the residential certification system began to be characterized by the desire to weed out North Korean spies. The Korean War was not only a conflict between North and South Korea, but also between political groups with different ideologies within South Korea. As a result, the public was forced during wartime to endure not only the mobilization of human and material resources, but also attempts at ideological control as well. The rural/urban residence certificates introduced nationally during the war, officially, constituted an attempt to verify the status of the public in order to ensure the proper distribution of food and mobilization of human and material resources amidst circumstances in which the growing number of people seeking to escape the carnage created mass population influxes and outflows. Nevertheless, another important goal of this residential certification system was to gain ideological control over residents. The government excluded those whose ideological leanings it suspected by withholding the status of normal resident from such individuals. Thus, the residential certificate system represented a mechanism through which the state could pry itself into the everyday lives of its residents. The residential certificate system, an effective implement of control during the Korean War, remained in place in post war society as well. Although officially maintained in the name of rooting out North Korean spies, this system was actually used as a legal tool for the state to inspect its residents. While the efficiency of the residential certificate system was shaken during the events that followed the April 19 Movement of 1960, as well as that of the anti-communist system, it sprung back to life on the back of a strengthened structure following the establishment of the military government. Using armed incursions by North Korean spies as a pretext, the Park Jung-Hee government advocated the reorganization of the anti-communist system and prepared the legal basis for the implementation of this structure.


The Acoustic Research Laboratory (ARL) at the Tropical Marine Science Institute under the National University of Singapore has developed a second generation Ambient Noise Imaging (ANI) system: the Remotely Operated Mobile Ambient Noise Imaging system (ROMANIS). ROMANIS has been primarily developed to study the potential of ANI applications where snapping shrimp are the major natural insonifiers of the environment, as in warm shallow waters like those surrounding Singapore. ROMANIS is a fully digital broadband data acquisition and recording system with over 500 sensors that fully populate a circular aperture of 1.4 m. The first at sea deployment was conducted during February 2003 to check the functionality of the system in a real seawater environment (that differs considerably in terms of electronic and acoustic noise from previous tests in tank) and to study the high frequency ambient noise characteristics at the deployment location. It was also required to validate the beamforming algorithms developed for imaging. A GUI-based application helps the user to control the acquisition process and acquire the data synchronously. Approximately 750 Mbytes of data was recorded. A custom software package has been developed which enables reading, processing and the displaying of images from the recorded data. In this paper we present the deployment details and preliminary analysis of the data. The analysis confirms that the energy distribution from snapping shrimp clicks follow a lognormal distribution as previously reported. The validity of the beamforming software has been verified with a 40 kHz pinging source placed some 50 in away from ROMANIS and forming an image of it from the data recorded. A second deployment of the system has been made during May-June 2003 with targets placed at ranges exceeding any attempted to date and to produce their acoustic images. The data from these recordings are under analysis and some part of it is presented in this paper.


In recent years, connected automated vehicles (CAVs) have attracted much attention, and the coordination strategy of CAVs in isolated intersections has been widely discussed. However, these algorithms for isolated intersections cannot be directly applied in a multi-intersection road network (MiRN). The coordination strategy in the MiRN requires further investigation. This paper proposes a two-tier strategy for CAV coordination in the MiRN. First, we analyze the coordination problem in isolated intersections and formulate it as a mixed-integer programming problem. Then, for the MiRN, we propose a consensus prediction method to estimate the travel time for CAVs with different paths. Finally, a novel coordination approach is given, showing how to determine the optimal path for CAVs. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed strategy under various traffic flow rates. Compared with the fixed signal time assignment method and the actuated signal time assignment method, our method reduces the average travel time by about 74–83% under different flow rates. We also evaluate the impact of parameters on the strategy's performance and provide some suggestions for setting these parameters.


It has been reported that 10% of patients with pheochromocytoma experience recurrence despite surgery. The authors administered I-123 MIBG to patients with recurrent pheochromocytoma and found that early images are more useful than delayed images to detect recurrence. Early imaging with I-123 MIBG is useful for postoperative follow-up studies in patients with pheochromocytoma and those with possible tumor recurrence.


The general purposeof this studywas to determin ewhether theim plementation of program pemberdayaan kesejahteraan keluarga (PKK) POKJA II at Rawa Makmur Districts Muara
Bangkahulu Region Bengkulu provincehas succeeded in its implementation in accordance with the action plan has been set or not. The method usedisqualitativedata collection
techniques areinterviews, documentationandobservation. Subject in this study arechief of PKK (ibuLurah)chief of POKJA and the members too. To provethe validity ofthe datais donecheckingthe datausingtriangulationsources, techniques, places andtriangulationof time.
Datawere analyzedthrough three stages: data reduction, data presentation and conclusion.From the study, thatthe implementation ofthe program pemberdayaan kesejahteraan
keluarga(PKK) POKJA II at Rawa Makmur Districts MuaraBangkahulu Region isdoing well under the action plan, educational programs POKJA II of the PKK in the Rawa Makmur Districts in improving familyprosperity in RawaMakmurDistricts already well that isby running the program groups of paud under the guidance of the PKK and held trainings LP3PKK , TPK3PKK and damask PKK to improve the quality of education of all citizens in the Rawa Makmur Districts.Skills program ofPOKJA II PKK in improving the family prosperityin Rawa Makmur Districts there are two scope program that is manufacture of
recyclable waste and sewing course. Implementation of the POKJA II PKK cooperative in Rawa Makmur Districts has been running very well by using the savings and loan system in
practice. Keywords: PKK Pemberdayaan KesehjateraanKeluarga), Prosperity, RawaMakmur Districts.


Image-based rendering (IBR) is an emerging technology for photo-realistic rendering of scenes from a collection of densely sampled images and videos. Recently, an object-based approach for a class of dynamic image-based representations called plenoptic videos was proposed in order to improve the rendering quality in large environment. Since images and videos are special cases of the plenoptic function, many conventional image processing algorithms such as coding, segmentation, etc have similar analogy in IBR. This paper is devoted to the extension of some commonly used image processing algorithms to IBR using the object-based approach and their possible applications. Experimental results using plenoptic videos as an example are also given to illustrate the basic concept.


Roller bearing failure can result in downtime or the entire outage of rotating machinery. As a result, a timely incipient bearing defect must be diagnosed to ensure optimal process operation. Modern condition monitoring necessitates the use of Deep Independent Component Analysis to diagnose incipient bearing failure. This paper presents a Deep Independent Component Analysis method based on variational Modal Decomposition (VMD-ICA) is to diagnose incipient bearing defect. On a newly established test setup for rotor bearings, Fast Fourier Techniques are used to extract the vibration responses of bearings that have been artificially damaged using Electro-chemical Machining. VMD techniques diminish the noise of the measurement data, to decompose data processed into multiple sub-data sets for extracting incipient defect characteristics. The simplicity of the VMD-ICA model enriched the precision of diagnosis correlated to the experimental results with weak fault characteristic signal and noise interference. Moreover, Deep VMD-ICA has additionally demonstrated strong performance in comparison to experimental results and is useful for monitoring the condition of industrial machinery.


We examine the polarization of spectral lines in the penumbra of sunspots by solving the radiative transfer equation of polarized light for a three-dimensional axially symmetric model atmosphere of a sunspot. The Evershed flow is confined to horizontal magnetic flux tubes obtained from MHD calculations. These are embedded in an inclined background magnetic field. In this work, we concentrate on the Stokes-V profiles and examine the net circular polarization (NCP), N V λ dλ, of two photospheric spectral lines of neutral iron, Fe I 630.25 nm and Fe I 1564.8 nm. Analyzing spectra at a fixed distance from the spot center, we find that the azimuthal variation of N , N ψ , is an antisymmetric function of ψ w.r.t. to the line connecting disk center and spot center for Fe I 1564.8 nm, while the variation is predominantly symmetric for Fe I 630.25 nm. We show that the antisymmetric variation is caused by anomalous dispersion (rotation of the polarization vector in a magnetized plasma). The different inclination angles lead to a discontinuity in the azimuth of the magnetic field along the line-of-sight. We show that this discontinuity together with the effect of anomalous dispersion produces an antisymmetric component in N ψ which outweighs the symmetric component from the discontinuity for Fe I 1564.8 nm, while it is negligible for Fe I 630.25 nm. We finally compute synthetic NCP maps of a sunspot which offer an explanation for recent observational results.


The theory of Kongfu in Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties was an expression of life in harmony with philosophic presentation of life on the basis of practical necessity rather than a theoretical claim logically in coordination with philosophic ontology. By revivifying his realistic dilemma of life,Luo Hongxian's choice of or turn to the theory of Kongfu could reach a real understanding of historical and logical integrity. His theory of Kongfu presented four forms at two stages. The initial stage demonstrated "self-confidence and true faith",a form of the theory of Kongfu corresponding to "the view of conscience of existence",and later converted to "persistence in faith and internalization","complete quietude with no desire"and "preserving attention by collecting the mind",the other three forms of Kongfu under-painted mainly with "quietude".


BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has changed the image of nursing globally. However, the nursing brand image remains limited to explore among registered nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic era in Indonesia.

AIM: This study aims to explore registered nurse's perception of nursing brand image in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic era.

METHODS: The descriptive qualitative study was conducted using purposive sampling technique. This study enrolled 15 registered nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients. The semi-structured interview was conducted face-to-face within 45–60 min through WhatsApp video calls. Colaizzi's methods and NVivo 12TM Plus were used for data analysis.

RESULTS: The data analysis revealed five themes, namely, (1) Caring as a nursing brand image; (2) Interprofessional collaboration culture; (3) Providing 24-h holistic care; (4) Being more respected; (5) Becoming a long-life learner.

CONCLUSION: During COVID-19 pandemic era, nurses perceived that nursing brand image becomes more positive in Indonesia.


Crop selection for sustainable and effective agricultural land management has to take into accounts several issues such as chemical, physical, environmental, economic and social conditions. Especially after land consolidation projects, sustainable agricultural crop management should be investigated for each crop which are suitable for the project area to benefit from the land consolidation contributions such as irrigation, roads, modified parcel boundaries and surfaces. Thus, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) aided suitability analysis techniques are required to determine the suitable crops for the consolidated areas. In this study, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) multi-criteria decision techniques are integrated with GIS to determine most suitable crops for parcels. The suitability maps of wheat, clover, sugar beet and corn crops are generated for the projected area using 63 Land Mapping Units (LMU) with considering pH, lime, texture, salinity, organic matter, electrical conductivity, permeability, slope, aspect and the distance to settlements and roads within chemical, physical, topological and socio-economic criteria.


Constant reloading or recharging of spherical graphite fuel elements, fuel pellets, is achieved in the VGR-50 reactor system with a throughput of 4.10/sup 4/ pellets per hour, as a means of working toward a twofold design purpose of a combined power generating and chemical processing plant based around the reactor. This reactor operating feature has required experimental follow-up design work on a mockup of the core, to simulate a variety of fuel recharging and distributing conditions, emergency conditions included.


In this article, a 41.6GHz~62.5GHz quadruple source module is presented. The 2 stages of doubler and several filters as well as amplifiers are used to generate sufficient output power. Due to the output power of the last stage amplifier continues to decline at high frequency, a new kind of positive slope equalizer featured with resistive film is introduced to adjust it. Finally, the measured results of the source module show that from 41.6GHz to 62.5GHz, the minimum output power is 23dBm; meanwhile, the power flatness and the harmonic suppression are better than ±0.5dB and 40dBc, respectively.


This paper describes the construction and performance of a recently introduced piezoelectric strain sensor (Model 740A02). The sensor incorporates a quartz sensing element with microelectronic signal conditioning. The integral electronics permits sensor operation with standard 2-wire ICP signal conditioning commonly found in vibration aboratories. The sensor can resolve signals smaller than 1 e (1e-g in/in), which is 3 orders of magnitude better resolution than a standard resistive strain gauge.


Resonance Raman spectroscopy as a probe of the early stages in the dissociation dynamics of polyatomic molecules has become a valuable complement to photofragmentation studies. While these spontaneous Raman experiments are obtained in the frequency domain, they often reflect evolution of the molecule during the first few femtoseconds of bond breaking. Coupled with progress in classical and quantum calculations of large-amplitude motion, unique insights have become available for a number of small polyatomic molecules. The development of this field to date is reviewed.


A simple and efficient genetic transformation protocol was developed for Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Selected line of eucalyptus was established under in vitro conditions by using nodal cuttings.Assessment of hygromycin sensitivity on explants collected from in vitro established cultures showed that hygromycin concentration of 2.5 mg/L was optimum for transformation. Transformation procedure was standardized with internodal explants through indirect organogenesis. Transformation efficiency of intermodal explants was assessed by plasmids pCAMBIA1305.1 and pRNAiLIC-Hyg carrying GA2ox gene. The transformation efficiency of 20 % was achieved with the present protocol and regeneration of transgenic shoot was obtained in two months of culture compared to three to four months in previous studies.Confirmation of gene integration in eucalyptus was confirmed by histochemical staining and PCR based methods.


One important basis in protecting public safety was the advantage in science and technology.Government must coordinate efficiently scientific activities of its affiliated institutions to control and eliminate sudden public health crisis.Based on the systematic analysis of the problems of scientific research management,the author made detailed discussion in specific mission,organization,inspiring and restriction mechanism.This study might provide scientific evidences for the improvement of the management of scientific research in sudden public health accident.


We analyze the spin dynamics of an individual magnetic atom (Mn) inserted in a II-VI semiconductor quantum dot under resonant optical excitation. In addition to standard optical pumping expected for a resonant excitation, we show that for particular conditions of laser detuning and excitation intensity, the Mn spin population can be trapped in the state which is resonantly excited. This effect is modeled considering the coherent spin dynamics of the coupled electronic and nuclear spin of the Mn atom optically dressed by a resonant laser field. This ``spin population trapping'' mechanism is controlled by the combined effect of the coupling with the laser field and the coherent interaction between the different Mn spin states induced by an anisotropy of the strain in the plane of the quantum dot.


The effect of temperature manipulation on the reproduction of Penaeus stylirostris was investigated as a possible method for increasing larval production. Six 3.66 m diameter black tanks were stocked with unilaterally eyestalk enucleated females and intact males. Temperature was designed to vary between 20 and 28 C at a rate of 2 C per day in the "Fast" treatment and 2 C per week in the "Slow" treatment; upper and lower temperatures were maintained for 10 days before another cycle was initiated. In the "Ambient" treatment, temperature averaged 27.8 ± 0.9 C.

During the 105 day study maturation, mating and larval production were highest in the Ambient tanks. Temperature manipulation as tested in the Fast and Slow treatments did not produce any burst of mating and spawning activity at the upper ends of the cycles to compensate for the steady production in the Ambient group. Thus, the temperature regimes examined did not afford any practical advantage.

The effect of temperature on mating was marked. In the Slow treatment which most closely mimicked natural seasonal temperature change, mating began initially when the temperature increased to 25 C. Throughout the study mating occurred more frequently at the higher temperatures, and these results suggest that the optimal temperature range was 27–29 C for reproduction. However, the shrimp did mate at all temperatures encountered. It is notable that this tropical species can successfully reproduce at temperatures as Iow as 20 C.


Summary 1. The specific gravity of tumor and normal tissues of mice and rats was determined by flotation in sodium chloride solutions of known concentrations. 2. The density of tumor tissue was always less than that of heart, liver, spleen, kidney, and muscle of the host. 3. Several human tumors were tested and exhibited the same property.


Abstract:  Aging and hypogonadic states are known risk factors for erectile dysfunction (ED), contributing together to vascular damage of penile tissue. In the present study, VEGF‐specific membrane receptor (VEGFR‐1/Flt‐1 and VEGFR‐2/Flk‐1) expression was studied by confocal immunofluorescence in the corpus cavernosum of control rats, rats aged 12 and 18 months, and orchidectomized Wistar rats (90 days of bilateral orchidectomy). Immunocytochemical results demonstrated VEGFR‐2 expression restricted to the endothelium in both control and orchidectomized rats. Aged animals (12 and 18 months) presented enlarged vessels with intense VEGFR‐2 endothelial staining. On the other hand, VEGFR‐1 was demonstrated in smooth muscle fibers, particularly in those that surround vessel endothelium, the endothelial expression being very low in control and orchidectomized rats. However, in the aged rats, a shift resulting in a VEGFR‐1 and VEGFR‐2 co‐localization in the endothelial cell was observed. The findings suggest an upregulation of VEGFR‐1 in the corpora cavernosa during aging in the rat, which is evident from an increased expression by endothelial cells.


The Commission for Securities is a regulatory authority in the capital market of the Republic of Serbia. It ensures safety and legality of financial transactions in the capital market, supervises the participants in financial transactions, and provides for a proper and consistent implementation of the legal provisions aimed at regulating trade in the financial markets. In the circumstances of global financial crisis, the legal status and competences of the Commission for Securities have been updated in order to keep up with the global trends in this area. In that context, the research in this paper is primary aimed at analyzing the current situation on the capital markets and the status of the Commission for Securities in Serbian legislation. The paper first focuses on analyzing the legal position, autonomy and independence of the Commission. In particular, the author discusses the importance of introducing control over the financial market participants by instituting a special regulatory body in the Serbian capital market. The author points out to the basic issues pertaining to the Commission status and analyzes each segment of its institutional independence, including its personnel, financial and operative independence. In addition, the author provides a comparative law overview of legal solutions related to specific issues in the field of independence of this regulatory authority, including the legislation envisaged in the neighbouring countries and common law countries.


Basil Hume: The Monk Cardinal. By Anthony Howard. (London: Headline Book Publishing. 2005. Pp. 342. £29.) In February, 1976, Pope Paul VI reached over the heads of all his bishops in England to select Basil Hume, then Abbot of Ampleforth, to be Archbishop of Westminster. In a profile of Hume published shortly thereafter, I compared the appointment to the selection of Father Theodore Hesburgh of the University of Notre Dame to be Cardinal Terence Cooke's successor as Archbishop of New York. Something unthinkable in the United States became reality in England. Anthony Howard, author of three previous political biographies and a self-described "wistful agnostic ,"describes the behind-the-scenes maneuvering which led to Hume's selection as a "Patricians' Revolt." Calling Hume "the very quintessence of Englishness," this official biography is itself quintessentially English: breezy, fast-paced, and often funny. It is above all a good read. Where but in England could one find a man like Herbert Byrne? For twenty-four years Abbot of Ampleforth (and deeply hurt when, at age 78, his community refused to reelect him for another eight years, and turned to Hume instead), Byrne responded to a novice who announced that he needed to leave the monastery for "wider horizons" by asking: "What's her name?" And could there be a more delightfully English countenance than that of Father Paul Neville, Headmaster of Ampleforth School from 1924 to 1954, known to generations of schoolboys as "Posh Paul" (his photo says it all). "What I am is what you have given," Hume told a packed Abbey church in his farewell sermon before leaving for Westminster. "The gap between what is thought and expected of me and what I know myself to be is considerable and frightening. There are moments in life when one feels very small and in my life this is such a moment. It is good to feel small because I know that whatever I achieve will be God's achievement and not mine." One cannot read these words today without recalling Pope Benedict XVTs words on the day of his election about the cardinals' choice of "a simple, humble worker in the vineyard of the Lord," and his confidence in God's ability to work "even with insufficient means." Priests of that caliber seldom get miters. The son of a nominally Anglican Scots doctor and a devout French Catholic mother, Hurne's first experience of a non-Catholic religious service was his father's Church of England funeral in 1960. Yet as archbishop and cardinal he preached in most of England's ancient cathedrals, never sharing his co-religionists'feeling of having been dispossessed, but simply rejoicing in what, for him, was a shared religious and architectural heritage. More important, for the first time since the Reformation Hume put the Catholic Church in England "on the map," in effect annexing it to the British Establishment. To appreciate this achievement, one must know that as recently as 1935, when Hume's predecessor Cardinal Hinsley twice sent King George V a "loyal address" from his Catholic subjects on the sovereign's Silver Anniversary, the envelope was both times returned from the palace unopened and stamped "Not received ."Hume dissipated this Establishment hostility by a combination of personal charm and deep spirituality. At his death on June 17,1999, Hume was universally acknowledged to be Britain's leading moral authority. Rupert Murdoch's daily Sun, normally replete with sex and scandal, bore the front page headline: "Farewell our Beloved Basil: Friend who touched all our hearts." Howard portrays above all the public man. He describes his subject's cordial but never close relationship with Pope John Paul II, a marked contrast to that which Hume enjoyed with Paul VI. "Always remain a monk," the pontiff told Hume at his appointment. And when he returned to Rome shortly thereafter to be made a cardinal, the Pope said: "Above all, dear Father, be yourself." Hume emerged from that audience in tears-behavior which, when exhibited when he was first elected abbot, had caused the stiff-upper-lip contingent in the monastery to murmur about their new leader's "Gallic temperament. …


In this work, the high pressure behavior of four major SiO2 polymorphs were investigated by means of dynamic compression: α-quartz, fused silica, stishovite and α-cristobalite. Here, laser shock compression and dynamic diamond anvil cell (dDAC) techniques were applied and the concomitant use of hard X-ray radiation at synchrotron- and X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) facilities made a time-resolved investigation of the lattice response at high pressures possible.


Summary form only given, as follows. Experimental measurements of presheath properties in cold laboratory plasmas indicate that many of the assumptions often made to derive the Bohm velocity and presheath properties are invalid. Questionable assumptions include: the assumption of quasi neutrality at the sheath/presheath boundary, the assumption that individual ion species in a ion species plasma all exit the plasma at the individual species Bohm velocities, the assumption of zero ion temperature, the neglect of charge exchange, and the assumption of a single fluid velocity. Data include emissive probe measurements of plasma potentials, LIF measurements of ion distribution functions, Langmuir probe measurements of electron density and Mach probe measurements of drift velocities.


In November, researchers released a startling finding: In pregnant women, a study found that developing babies are being exposed to toxic chemicals from consumer products even before they take their first breaths. The finding is yet another confirmation that U.S. chemical safety laws are failing to safeguard health.


alcohol by a coordination polymer involving insertion/de-insertion of the alcohol into a Ag-O(carboxylate) bond will be described.[4] The presentation will further develop the results of recently published work with discussion of ongoing studies of the two systems. [1] S. J. Delgarno et al., Chem. Soc. Rev. 2007, 36, 236. [2] G. Minguez Espallargas et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 9584. [3] G. Minguez Espallargas et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 15606. [4] S. Libri et al., Angew Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 1693.


Binary code signals have been widely used in various radars due to their simpleimplementation,but the selection of the binary codes with high comporession ratio and lowsidelobes is not solved well,because of the difficult processing in mathmatics and expensivecalculation cost.In this paper,neural computing is introduced into the field of the selection ofbinary codes and a new method based'on simulated annealing(SA)is proposed.The experimentsshow that the proposed method is able to select the optimal binary codes with much less timecost than the known methods,furhtermore the optimization selection of the binary codes versusthe calculation cost tradeoff is easier.


The privately operated enterprise is a kind of new force in our company international strategy,marketing has(become) the most important attribute which affecting on enterprise internationalization management achievements.This(article) has carried on exploratory analysis on international marketing pattern of our country privately operated enterprise standardizing and localizing.From angel of marketing 4Ps combination factor and connecting with our country privately(owned) enterprise actual situation,we have proposed a systematic comprehensive international marketing decision-making model on standardization and localization in order to put up a reference.


This paper presents an analysis of the performance of the multiband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) system for ultra wideband (UWB) communication in the presence of interference from an IEEE 802.16 WiMAX-OFDM system operating in the 3.5 GHz band. Recent work (Hu & Beaulieu, IEEE Trans. Commun., Oct. 2006) has demonstrated accurate Gaussian approximations for narrowband OFDM interference to time-hopping and direct-sequence UWB victim receivers, but little analysis has been done for MB-OFDM. Because of the significant differences in signal model and receiver design, it is also not clear that such Gaussian approximations hold for MB-OFDM victim receivers. Motivated by this question, we present an exact analysis of the uncoded bit error rate (BER) of the MB-OFDM system, based on Laplace transform techniques. We also present a simple but accurate Gaussian approximation for the WiMAX-OFDM interference, and confirm both the exact and approximate analysis via simulations. We find that, depending on the signal-to-interference ratio, interference from WiMAX-OFDM systems may have a substantial impact on the performance of MB-OFDM. However, the approximately Gaussian nature of the interference signal gives hope for the development of simple interference detection and mitigation techniques.


The right to regional autonomy is a source of strength for local governments in realizing community prosperity. Therefore, a work program is needed that can encourage the acceleration of regional progress so that the region can achieve the level of regional independence. The purpose of the study is to recommend local governments, especially the Lhokseumawe City Government, to be able to increase the potential of the region through the application of a sharia-based creative economy that is very in line with local culture.The target of this research is the independent variable, namely the application of sharia-based creative economy and good governance, while the dependent variable is the level of regional independence. This research is a survey of government officials. The analytical tool used is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The intended respondents are people who are involved in the upper-middle management level, or who are directly involved in the operational processes of the government based on established criteria (purposive sampling).The results show that the application of a sharia-based creative economy has a significant influence on the level of regional independence in the Lhokseumawe City Government, while the application of a sharia-based creative economy moderated by good governance also has a significant influence on the level of regional independence. In other words, good governance can strengthen the influence of the application of a sharia-based creative economy on the level of regional independence.


Background: In this home nursing unit, the storage cabinets were massed up because healthcare materials were either in-correctly positioned or excessive appropriation; however, some deficiencies of healthcare materials required urgent borrowing, resulting in adversely affected work productivity. This project was an attempt to promote the concepts of warehouse manage-ment and inventory costs of medical and healthcare stock for home care nurses, in order to enhance patient safety, to provide high-quality service, and to achieve cost control. Methods: Poor storage devices and unclear labeling for healthcare materials were found using the audit checklist. Evaluation using questionnaire indicated that personnel were lack of knowledge about healthcare materials. The problems of management process included incomplete informatization, unmatched resource usage and material flows. Therefore, this project was designed to develop materials management prac-tices, to establish the system of auditing, education and training, to restructure the space, to change pricing program for simpli-fying the payment approval process. Results: After implementing strategies for these objectives, the knowledge about management of healthcare materials was im-proved from 60% to 96.7%. In addition, abnormal resource us-age (excess stock, partial shortages, and expiration) and mate-rial flows were reduced to 5%, 10%, 0% and the time required for payment approval process was shortened from 277 seconds to 66 seconds. Conclusions: The improvements achieved in the concepts of medical material management, costs, professional managing capabilities, and health care quality might be used as a refer-ence model providing effective management for other relevant medical units.