The effect of wall slip conditions, porous media and heat transfer on peristaltic flow of MHD Newtonian fluid in catheterized tube has been studied under the assumptions of longwavelength and low-Reynolds number. The analytical solution has been derived for velocity and temperature.The amplitude ratio (φ), particle concentration (C), catheter size (ε) and the dimensionless flow rate (Q)were used to obtain the pressure gradient.The results for velocity and temperature obtained in the analysis have been evaluated numerically and discussed.Thetube surface was maintained at a constant temperature.The variations of several parameters were discussed by using suitable graphs.The mathematical model was corresponding to the flow in the annular space of two concentric tubes. Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt April 19-21,2016 8 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Physics (ICMEP-8) 2 Introduction The peristaltic transport through tubes /channels has attracted considerable attention due to their wide applications in medical and engineering sciences, such as urine transport from kidney to bladder, in movement of ovum in the fallopian tubes, in passage of food through esophagus and many others. In industrial applications, these flows occur in blood pumps in heart lung machine, in sanitary fluid transport and transport of corrosive fluids.It is clear theperistaltic transport of two immiscible viscous fluids in circular tube which has been studied by Ramachandra and Usha[1].Takabatakeet al. [2]has investigatedperistaltic pumping incircular tubes withnumerical study of fluid transport and itsefficiency. The theory of fluid suspension is very important in various situations such assedimentation, combustion, powder technology, aerosol filtration, lunar ash flow, fluidization,atmospheric fallout, environmental pollution, etc. Most recently, the interest has developed in applying the theory of particle-fluid suspension to physiological flows including the vasomotion of small blood vessels such as arterioles, venules and capillaries [3-6]. Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt April 19-21,2016 8 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Physics (ICMEP-8) 3 Since the pioneering works of Latham [7] and Shapiro et al. [8] much has been said about the peristaltic flows.The study of slip flow through porous medium has attracted much attention recently. It is well known that flow through a porous medium has practical applications especially in geophysical fluid dynamics. Examples of natural porous media are beach sand, sandstone, limestone, rye bread, wood, the human lung, bile duct, gall bladder with stones and in small blood vessels. In some pathological situations, the distribution of fatty cholesterol and artery clogging blood clots in the lumen of coronary artery can be considered as equivalent to a porous medium. There are many researches about the porous media such as the influence of compliant wall properties on peristaltic motion in two-dimensional channelwas noticed by Abd Elnaby and Haroun [9].Muthu et al. [10]have analyzed the peristaltic motion of micropolar fluid in circular cylindrical tubes with elastic wall properties.El Shehawey et al.[11] investigated peristaltic transport through a porous medium.Srinivas et al. [12] studied the effect of slip conditions and porous mediaon peristaltic flow.Hayat et al. [13]have investigated the MHD peristaltic channel flow of a Jeffrey fluid with complaint walls and porous medium.Slip-flow was demonstrated experimentally by Derek et al. [14].Hron et al. [15]have presented analytical solutions for the flows of a generalized fluid of complexity two in Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt April 19-21,2016 8 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Physics (ICMEP-8) 4 special geometries under the assumption that the slip conditions at the boundary affect on the flow. The boundary conditions of Newtonianfluid on peristaltic motion have been considered by Kwang and Fang [16]. The magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a fluid in a tube with peristalsis has interest in connection with certain problems of the movement of conductive physiological fluids, the blood, blood pump machines and with the need for theoretical research on the operation of a peristaltic MHD compressor. Effect of a moving magnetic field on blood flow was studied by Sud et al. [17], and they observed that the effect of suitable moving magnetic field accelerates the speed of blood.Ebaid [18]studied the effects of magnetic field and wall slip conditions on the peristaltic transport of a Newtonian fluid in an asymmetric channel.The interaction of peristalsis with heat transfer plays a very important role in our life. Radhakrishnamacharya et al. [19] studiedthe effect of heat transfer on the motion of a viscous incompressible Newtonian fluid in a channel with wall effects. Nadeem and Akbar [20]have investigated the MHD peristaltic flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid in a uniform channel with variable viscosity in the presence of heat transfer analysis.Kothandapani and Srinivas [21]have discussed the influence of elasticity of the flexible walls on the peristaltic motion of a MHD fluid in a porous medium with heat transfer.Radhakrishnamacharya Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt April 19-21,2016 8 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Physics (ICMEP-8) 5 and Srinisvasulu[22]showed the influence of wallproperties on peristaltic transport with heat transfer.Taneja and Jain [23]have discussed the problem of an MHD free convection flow in the presence of a temperature dependentheat source in a viscous incompressible fluid between a long vertical wavy wall and a parallel flat wall with constant heat flux and slipflow boundary condition. To discover the real reasons of diseases in the human body, we use the endoscope theory. Thus the cathetershave an important role in modifying the pressure gradient and the discovery of these reasons in different situations such as small intestines and stomach. It has become a standard tool for diagnosis and treatment of certain cardiovascular diseasesin modern medicine. Vajravelu et al.[24]noted the peristaltic flow and heat transfer in a vertical porousannulus, with long wave approximation.Mekheimer and Abdelmaboud [25]studied the influence of heattransfer and magnetic field on peristaltic transport of a Newtonian fluid in a vertical annulus as an application of anEndoscope.The purpose of the present paper is to provide such an attempt for MHD Newtonian fluid through porous medium. The features of flow characteristics are analyzed by plotting graphs. The paper has been organized as follows. In Section 1, the problem is first modeled and the non-dimensional governing equations are formulated. Section 2includes the solution of the problem under the longMilitary Technical College Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt April 19-21,2016 8 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Physics (ICMEP-8) 6 wavelength and low-Reynolds number assumptions. Numerical results and discussion are presented in Section 3. The conclusions have been summarized in Section 4. Mathematical Formulation Impose the flow of a Newtonian viscous fluid through a twodimensionalsymmetricalcirculartube of radius . The walls of the tube are considered to be flexible and are taken as a stretched membrane, on which traveling sinusoidal waves of moderate amplitude are imposed. A rigid catheter of radius is symmetrically implemented. The flow is caused by theimposed sinusoidal wave on the compliant wall of tube. The wave shapes can be written as: ( ) 2 ( , ) sin w H z t a b z c t π λ   ′ ′ ′ ′ = + −     (1) Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt April 19-21,2016 8 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Physics (ICMEP-8) 7 where b (0 ≤ b ≤ ( )) is the amplitude of the wave, ( ≤ L, the length of the tube under consideration) is the wavelength, is the wave propagation speed, t ′ is the time and z ′ is the axial coordinate. The momentum, continuity and energy equationsfor both the fluid and particle phasesare applied on the mathematical model as expressed in [23] and [24], neglecting the inertia force of the particles and can be written as: UAxial momentum (fluid) 2 (1 ) (1 ) o f f f f f f o f f u u u p C u v C u u t z r z K μ ρ σβ ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂   ′ ′ ′ ′ − + + = − − − − +   ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂   1 (1 ) ( ) ( ), f f s p f u u C C r CS u u r r r z z μ ′ ′  ∂ ∂  ∂ ∂     ′ ′ ′ ′ − + + −       ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂       (2) URadial momentum (fluid) Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt April 19-21,2016 8 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Physics (ICMEP-8) 8 (1 ) (1 ) f f f f f f v v v p C u v C t z r r ρ ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂   ′ ′ − + + = − − +   ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂   2 1 (1 ) ( ) ( ), f f f s p f v v v C C r CS v v r r r r z z μ ′ ′ ′  ∂ ∂  ∂ ∂     ′ ′ ′ ′ − − + + −       ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂       (3) UMass equation (fluid) ( ) ( ) 1 (1 ) (1 ) 0, f f r C v C u r r z ∂ ∂ ′ ′ ′ − + − = ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ (4) UAxial momentum (particle) ( ), p p p p p p f p u u u p C u v C CS u u t z r z ρ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ′   ∂ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ + + = − + −   ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂   (5) URadial momentum (particle) ( ), p p p p p p f p v v v p C u v C CS v v t z r r ρ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ′   ∂ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ + + = − + −   ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂   (6) UMass equation (particle) ( ) ( ) 1 0, p p r Cv Cu r r z ∂ ∂ ′ ′ ′ + = ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ (7) The energy equation can be expressed as: 2 2 2 2 1 (1 ) p r z T T T K T T T C c v v t r z r r r z ρ   ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂   ′ ′ − + + = + + +     ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂     2 2 2 2 (1 ) 2 , s r z r r z v v v v v C r z r z r μ ρ     ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂         − + + + +                 ′ ′ ′ ′ ′ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂             (8) Military Technical College Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo,


Information Theory (IT) methods, concepts, and solutions are now much more widely recognized, understood, and employed. Sometimes they are "rediscovered" and cited in ways that more closely reflect local focus in subdisciplines and application areas within and outside statistics/econometrics. The volume to be reviewed here contains a number of innovative methods and ideas developed to deal with extracting information from noisy data. They all share a common "discipline" required for the faithful recognition of the truism that one cannot learn from the data without a priori assumptions that limit the range of laws and regularities that may be discerned from the observed data alone. The "discipline" is in making explicit as much of the a priori assumptions as possible, and comes through Maximum Entropy as a guiding principle. This main objective function—the entropy—is shown to be an extremely useful decision function, as well as a useful measure for quantification of a myriad of concepts and "distances," and for testing statistical hypotheses. The articles included in this volume are a rigorously refereed selection of articles that were first presented in the second conference on Information and Entropy Econometrics (IEE) that took place at American


Submitted to American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and 1 Comparative Physiology 2 3 Acid secretion by mitochondrion-rich cells of medaka (Oryzias latipes) acclimated 4 to acidic fresh water 5 6 7 Chia-Cheng Lin, Li-Yih Lin, Hao-Hsuan Hsu, Violette Thermes, Patrick Prunet, 8 Jiun-Lin Horng, Pung-Pung Hwang 9 10 1 Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 11 2 Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, 12 ROC 13 INRA, SCRIBE, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France 14 INRA, UR1037, SCRIBE, IFR140, Biogenouest, F-35000, Rennes, France 15 Department of Anatomy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 16 17 18 Running head: Acid secretion by MR cells in medaka 19 *Corresponding authors: Pung-Pung Hwang, Institute of Cellular and Organismic 20 Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Tel: +8862-27899521; Fax: 21 +8862-27899576; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Jiun-Lin Horng, Department 22 of Anatomy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Tel: 23 +8862-27361661-3267; Fax: +8862-23780643; E-mail: email@example.com 24 25 26 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol (November 2, 2011). doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00483.2011


The South Yue kingdom palace is a large earthen relic site,designated as a national key protection cultural relic by the State Council in November 1996.Due to its time excavation time and the limited site space,there has been various degrees of weathering,chalking,cracking,partial collapse,and other serious deterioration.After research and testing,several commonly ysed consolidants for earth relic sites,including organic silicon modified acrylic, PS materials,organosilicon modified silicate,silicic acid esters and inorganic -organic composite materials,have used to consolidate test samples from the earthen archaeological site of the South Yue kingdom Palace.Performance of these consolidants was compared and propertied of the test samples before and after consolidation were compared. The results showed that clay samples treated with silicic acid esters and inorganic -organic composite materials had good anti - moisture properties and improved resistance to salt and pressure,and that the treatment did not change appearance and air permeability of the samples.PS material reinforced soil had good air permeability and permeability, but had poor anti -moisture properties and low pressure resistance.These samples showed a whiter appearance. Organosilicon modified acrylic and organosilicon modified silicate reinforced samples had moderate pressure resistance but poor permeability,salt resistance and anti - moisture properties.


The invention discloses a guiding device for a film binding machine. The guiding device comprises a horizontal wedged fixed substrate, wherein a guiding substrate is longitudinally arranged on the fixed substrate; a fixed cylinder and a guiding cylinder are arranged at two ends of the fixed substrate respectively; a long guiding through hole is formed in the guiding substrate. The whole guiding device can rise automatically through the guiding cylinder fixed at one end of the fixed substrate after a binding band is drawn out. The guiding device can utilize the long guiding through hole in the guiding substrate to straighten the binding band automatically, so as to effectively prevent the binding band from bending. The guiding device is simple in structure, convenient to use, and high in practicability.


The increasing costs of electric energy and thus the need to reduce the energy required to produce ferrochrome from chromite ore have spurred the innovations in the technologies used for smelting chromite ore. These technologies (Conventional smelting process, Outokumpu process, DC arc route, and Premus process) have been reviewed in this work. Premus process has been found to be the lowest-cost and most energy-efficient ferrochrome smelting technology. The process is designed to reduce electrical energy consumption during smelting by partly reducing pelletized chromite ores in a rotary kiln using energy obtained from coal pulverization and hot gases generated from the closed submerged arc furnace. It also provides high recoveries of ferrochrome and utilizes low cost reductant sources such as anthracite. Keywords: Chromite ore, Ferrochrome, Submerged arc furnace, Outokumpo, Premuse


A new method for retrieving video segments from a digital video database is proposed. A unique signature for each video segment is generated from the analysis and tracking of interesting objects between each frame of the video region. The MPEG-7 descriptors based on N. Day and J.M. Martinez (2001) consisting of the edge histogram, homogenous texture, dominant colors and color structure (188 features in all) are extracted from corresponding objects in successive frames for the duration of the considered sequence. The average of the MPEG-7 descriptors is computed for each object across all frames in the region thus resulting in a unique signature for the region. The stored signature which best matches this new signature (based on the earth mover distance of Y. Rubner et al. (1997) between the signatures) is used for retrieving the video segment.


Objective To investigate the effect of psoralen on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) induced by testosterone propionate in rats. Methods 40 rats of BPH model induced by testosterone pro-pionate were randomly divided into four groups ( n = 10 each):Psoralen (high and low dosage), Proscar (positive control) and distilled water (negative control). Stomach was infused with psoralen 45.00 mg·kg-1·d-1, psoralen 15.00 mg·kg-1·d-1, proscar 0.45 mg·kg-1·d-1, distilled water 0. 10 ml·kg-1·d-1 respectively. The rats were killed one month later. Prostatic weight and volume were measured. The pathological changes of prostatic tissue were observed under a microscope. Serum levels of T and E2 were measured by radio immurtoassay. Results The weight index of psoralen [(6 723. 1 ± 763. 3, 6 434.8 ± 481.3) mg/kg] and the volume index of psoralen [(3.8±0.7,4.4±0.8) ml/kg] were significantly lower than proscar [(6 820.8 ± 528. 2) mg/kg, (5.4 ± 0. 3) ml/kg] (P0.05).The level of prostatic proliferation of the psoralen were significantly lower than proscarr and distalled water (P0.05) . Conclusion Psoralen is effective for BPH model induced by testosterone propionate.


Combining common fluorescence microscopy techniques reveals new information about protein dynamics.Combining common fluorescence microscopy techniques reveals new information about protein dynamics.


The environment of a lanai or an apartment balcony is generally not hospitable for plants. Winds dry the soil and dehydrate the foliage. The sun heats the pot, medium, and plant, causing poor root development, wa ter loss, and stress on the photosynthetic factory. Soil microorganisms are also affected and exist at low popu lations. While the environment may be inhospitable for plants, insects still seem to thrive. A lack of familiarity with plant needs (water, fertilizer, drainage, light) may lead the apartment dweller to ignore regular watering and fertilizing, cleaning, pruning, and examination for pests. However, if plant selection and maintenance are done with proper forethought and care, lanai plants can enhance the outdoor environment. Lanai plants may be grown in small or large pots made of plastic, ceramic, clay, or cement. Some may be as small as 2 inches across and others may be classified as tubs or even built-in planter boxes. The small amount of space on most lanai leads to crowding, double-deck ing, use of hanging baskets, and even over-the-rail win dow boxes (often frowned upon by condominium man agers and owners' associations). Plants in such containers must be carefully selected for color, form, vigor, tidiness, and adaptability to the conditions of the lanai. That said, there are many plants that will survive and even thrive if small modifications are made to this stressful environment.


This paper thoroughly investigated the Evolutionary Game Theory (EGT) based modeling and analysis of reciprocation-based incentive mechanisms. Unlike existing work which adopts replicator equation to analyze the stability of incentive mechanisms (actually, replicator equation is only applicable to describe deterministic selection in infinitely large and well-mixed population), we paid special attentions to the intrinsic heterogeneity in real autonomous networks: finite users, mutation probability and structured network graph, and proposed the unified framework to characterize the evolutionary dynamics. Specifically, through modeling and analyzing Prisoner's Dilemma (PD)-like game based and Public-goods game based incentive mechanisms, we show that although it is impossible for incentive mechanisms to get the whole network into static "absolute full cooperation (or reciprocation)" state, they can still drive the whole system into "almost reciprocation" state, that is, most of the system time would be occupied by the cooperation (or reciprocation) state.


The purpose of this study is to investigate young people's views on responsibility to the individual and society. It is hoped that the study will increase understanding of individual and collective responsibility and how this approach to responsibility is influenced by an individualistic ethos. The study's inquires were;- What is the young adults conception of a collective responsibility today?- Are the young experiencing a responsibility to the other in an individualized society?To investigate this, we used Bauman's thoughts on the individualized society, and Buaman & Donskis theories of moral blindness. We also make use of Nicolas Rose governmentality to see the individual's relationship to, and the influence of society. And Giddens' theories of life politics and Third Way politics.We have carried out six qualitative research interviews to investigate this. The interviews were interpreted with a phenomenological / hermeneutic approach, to analyze them, we use "the constant comparative method" as an analytical tool . The sample was made up of young people aged 20-25 years, we pursued an equal gender balance, and we did not take into account some other selection premises.The results showed that the informants had a fairly uniform view about collective responsibility, it was important to help those who were worse off than themselves. It was difficult to see the significance of their personal responsibility to the other, it was rather society's collective responsibility to ensure a fully functioning welfare where everyone has the opportunity to get help. We found no one who had a clear individualistic thought about the perception of responsibility. We believe this may be because the informants have been marked by the country's previous political history that still influences a general valuation on a collective responsibility


While shopping online for textiles from a mobile device, we face the perceptual gap between qualities we can perceive via the interface and those we sense when handling the real textile product. In this research I first investigate the qualities that people look for when interacting with textiles. Further, I examine the gestures people commonly use to handle fabrics, and I propose a way to imitate them on a mobile device. Finally, I prototype touch-screen interactive-video interfaces and assess best practice.


A constant true (radial) strain rate filament stretching experiment has been the Holy Grail of extensional rheological studies. These experiments are performed on a Filament Stretching Extensional Rheometer (FiSER). A filament stretching experiment is the only direct way of measuring the extensional viscosity of a fluid. Previous attempts to achieve constant rate stretching have required tedious and iterative processes, which relied on the data of previous experiments to generate an axial profile that would result in a constant true strain rate experiment. This study presents a method to actively control the axial strains via the utilization of radial strain feedback. The first method we tried was an "Euler 1st order approximation," in which the ratio of the axial and radial strains is calculated at each time-step to determine the axial strain necessary at the next time-step to maintain a constant radial strain rate. This method worked, but was limited by how accurate this "ratio" of strains could be calculated. The "ratio" becomes unstable when the change in strain per time-step reaches the same order of noise. To fix this problem, we implemented a least squares linear regression scheme. With this algorithm, we were able to reach radial strains of ED 7 with strain rates of 0.8 < D < 5 s-1. Finally, we compared stretch-to-break (STB) experiments of a Newtonian fluid, styrene oil, to theoretical model. These experiments are also done on FiSER with the nominal strain rate held constant, generally very low ( D 0-1 s-1 ). For a Newtonian fluid, the diameter decay can be determined analytically. We repeat the same with a weakly elastic fluid, STP@ motor oil. Thesis Supervisor: Gareth H. McKinley Title: Professor of Mechanical Engineering


This and all other FSAP HACCP Models are examples provided for guidance only. You need to assess your own requirements and risks before implementing any HACCP program.


The literature suggests that parent-child interactions differ in relation to both birth order and family size. Recent research by Tashakkori and Thompson showed that birth order does affect overall perceptions of parental power and that these effects are mediated to some degree by family size when effects of socioeconomic status parental education and other factors are controlled. The present research replicates and extends that research examining theoretical questions and methodological problems encountered in determining mediators of birth order-parental interaction effects. The researchers collected reports of parental involvement or indices of such involvement in 34 interaction areas from 189 Iranian high school students from families of at least 2 children and analyzed them using multiple regression procedures. In general results showed birth order effects mediated by size of family. Respondents from "small" families (of 2-4 children) differed from those of larger families. In large families 1st-borns had the most paternal (or the least maternal) orientations. In small families last-borns had the most paternal (least maternal) orientations. Middle-borns were not significantly different from 1st-borns in small or in large families. The authors conclude that further cross-cultural studies of differential parental interaction with different birth orders are needed before a theoretical framework can be offered to explain birth order effects on personality. (authors)


According to the LTE protocol, there are three resource allocation types for downstream RB, each of which has both advantages and disadvantages with a fixed allocation method. However, in different scenarios, the resource allocation types took by users are different. By researching both advantages and disadvantages of these three types of resource allocation above, this paper proposes a two-step combination method to calculate the RB allocated to each user in the scheduling process, that is, first of all the amount is allocated, and then the RB number is determined to allocate to users by calculating RB position. This allocation method can reasonably makes good use of the advantages of different types of resources allocation, avoiding shortcomings, and can be a good combination of three types of resource allocation. Finally living examples prove that this scheme is feasible.


This study examined the vital approach to understanding leadership decision making in organizational leadership and management activities. The purpose of this paper is focused and centered on the best approach to understanding the leadership decision making process (LDMP) among leaders and managers in organizational activities. This phenomenological qualitative paradigm which focused on essence or structure of an experience was used in order to gain in-depth knowledge and understanding of the issues and challenges affecting effectiveness, clarity, and success among organizational leadership and managements in business practices. Two hundred and sixteen organizational leaders from some cities and states in North America (Canada, Mexico, and United States) participated in this study and identified how they acquired their leadership role, knowledge, and skills. The findings from this investigation suggest that organizational leaders should allow their skilled subordinates - individuals and/or groups to participate in the decision making process mostly when their involvement will enhance the quality and/or acceptance of the decision by everybody at the workplace.


Remittances are an important source of external resources for developing countries.  These transfers may increase the levels of consumption and capital formation in these economies. This paper examines the economic impact of international remittances on different import categories.  A panel VAR was estimated using data from eight Latin-American economies during the 1991 to 2004 period. The impulse response functions show that remittances increase imports of capital, consumption, and intermediate goods.  It was also found that the accelerator is a plausible transmission mechanism from this type of income to investment.


This chapter describes E.A. Preobrazhensky's Diary with Notes on Questions Discussed at Meetings of the Politburo and the Plenum of the Central Committee of the RKP(B). The most important issue at the plenary meeting was the question of Curzon's note. Preobrazhensky was not personally prepared for a decision and had not thought through his own position. But it was perfectly clear to him that the issue was a war with the whole of the Entente. Il'ich, who had considered the situation more thoroughly than anyone else, was also most prepared to reach a decision. He read out some brief theses that had been prepared very skilfully in advance. They began with the perfectly indisputable point to assist Polish workers to achieve the sovietisation of Poland, recommended rejection of mediation by the Entente and the League of Nations, and concluded with a directive to continue the offensive. Keywords:Curzon; plenary meeting; Politburo; Preobrazhensky; RKP; sovietisation


According to the `composite transport' model,parallel apoplastic,symplastic and trans-cellular pathways play an impostant role during the transport of water across different tissues.The role of water channels(aquaporins) in the trans-cellular path is in the fine adjustment of water flow or in the regulation of uptake in older,suberized parts of plant roots lacking a substantial apoplastic component.Many aquaporins are involved in regulating water transport in plants by adjusting their density and activity on the protoplasm membranes.To detect the expression of TIP1-1,a water channel protein gene,in maize root systems under water deficit,semi-quantitative PCR was used.The reference gene was tubulin.Maize seedlings of different genotypes with different drought resistances were cultured by hydroponics in growth chamber,for example,the filial generation Hudan 4 and the mother Tiansi both had great resistance to drought,but the father 803 had weak resistance to drought,furthermore,the filial generation Hudan 4 had the greatest drought resistance than the others.In our experiment,PEG-6000 was used to produce water deficit.According to figure 6,the results showed that the expression products of TIP1-1 was rich in the root systems of Tiansi and Hudan 4,but less in 803 than in Tiansi and Hudan 4 under normal water conditions.The expression of TIP1-1 was up-regulated in 803 but notenhanced in Tiansi and Hudan 4 under water deficit.Besides,Hudan 4 had the richest mRNA of TIP1-1 than the others under the two different water conditions.The results demonstrated that the amount of the expression products of water channel protein is related to water uptake by roots and drought resistance of plants,which is of great importance to maintain water homeostasis of the whole plant under water deficit.


This paper provides estimates of transport cost and tariff protection available to import-competing Australian manufacturing industries. It finds that transport costs provide an important component of total protection available to such industries; one which, for many, is more important than the Australian tariff. In view of the effects of protection on industrial structure and performance, it should be explicitly recognized that transport costs are an unavoidable element of the protective structure and are deserving of study in their own right.


In order to realize scientific distribute police resources and settlement of emergencies in urban traffic,this essay points out the unreasonable aspects of and improvement scheme for the existing installation of urban platforms,and provided a optimal options for dispatch of the police force of the entire city using data mining technology,Floyd Algorithm,LINGO softwre and multi-objective programming.The above model is able to realize the scientific installation and efficient dispatch of police force platforms.


The calculation of the three‐dimensional scattered field caused by the insonification of two‐dimensionally rough interfaces in horizontally stratified elastic media is discussed. In general, the scattered field may be calculated either deterministically for a realization of surface roughness, or stochastically as scattered covariances for a surface with a specified roughness power spectra. The perturbation method of Kuperman and Schmidt [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 86, 1511–1522 (1989)] is used in the full three‐dimensional formulation to model an isotropically rough elastic ice plate floating over a fluid half‐space. Scattered field realizations are calculated for the point source configuration, exhibiting the antiplane shear (SH) coupling unique to the 3‐D model. The ability of explosive sources in the water column to generate SH waves in ice has been observed experimentally and it is argued that rough surface scattering is the likely mechanism that facilitates this mode conversion. [Work supported by ONR.]


Bishop's chapter, "History and Philosophy of Science" presents a useful overview, including recent challenges to positivism reflecting a new perspective of science. It would be helpful to describe the human science approach in nursing and include it as part of the current philosophical debate over nursing science as "a basic science, an applied science, or a practical science" (pp. 31-32), following J. Johnson's delineation. In this book, there is sufficient material to engage the interest of both undergraduate and master's students in nursing. It is a useful supplemental text to illustrate the diversity of thinking in nursing today.


Clinically unsuspected venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children is defined as a VTE diagnosed via imaging test performed for surveillance (i.e., with an intent to identify clinically silent VTEs) or incidentally found (most often via imaging performed for evaluation of regional pathology unrelated to VTE) in the absence of any VTE‐associated signs or symptoms. Our understanding of the clinical significance of these events in children is limited by a paucity of data on the epidemiology and outcomes of this complication. There is an urgent need for further research in this area to inform optimal management. Recognizing this knowledge gap, this Task Force has previously published a systematic review of the literature in this topic. We now provide guidance recommendations for standardization of definitions and identify future research needs on clinically unsuspected VTE in children. These recommendations will serve to enhance the quantity and quality of evidence on the topic and facilitate the design and execution of cooperative observational studies, and interventional trials of risk‐stratified management approaches aimed at preventing and optimizing long‐term outcomes of clinically unsuspected VTE in children.


In this article, the author argues that further changes to the Undertakings for Collective Investment Fund in Transferable Securities Industry are warranted to achieve transparency and fund comparability and above all to sustain its competitive position as a global brand.


The intent of this Guide is to provide utility marketing and engineering personnel with information on how to identify indoor air quality (IAQ) problems, the current standards relating to IAQ and examples of what typically causes IAQ problems in commercial buildings. The Guide is written assuming that the reader has limited knowledge of heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and that they are new to the IAQ arena. Also included in the Guide is a discussion of new electric technologies which are energy efficient and maintain a high level of IAQ.


According to recent research in literary studies, literature has a specific knowledge about things. My contribution supports this thesis by analyzing the world of things in Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tales. Exemplary readings reveal how Andersen's texts acknowledge the power of things in modern life and how these texts thus question scientific and philosophical concepts of subjectivity that dominated in the nineteenth century. The agency of things in Andersen's texts challenges the ideal of a rational subject that acts autonomously. Current theoretical approaches, notably Actor-Network-Theory, allow us to understand the realism of acting things in Andersen's work. That which is marvelous, which is prevalently used to define the genre Fairy Tale in literary studies, is inherent to modernity. The relationship between magic and modernity is different than expected: modernity consists of an interplay between enchantment and disenchantment.


This current study concerned with the approaches and roles applied by English teachers in teaching reading to Senior-high school students. The main focuses of this study were (1) identifying the approach and roles implemented by English teachers of MAU in teaching reading, and (2) investigating the correlation of the approach and role implemented by the English teachers of MAU in teaching reading.
This research was a descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of this study were two English teachers who taught at tenth and eleventh grade of MAU. The data were collected through interview and class-room observation.
The results obtained were as follows. First, the two English teachers implemented different approaches in teaching reading. Teacher 1 tended to apply teacher-centred approach while teacher 2 applied student-centred approach. Second, the two English teachers investigated applied different and similar roles in teaching reading. There were 5 similar roles implemented by both teachers (a lecturer, the job role model, a mentor, a student's assessor, a resource material creator). However, there were 3 roles of teacher 1 which were different from those of. Teacher 1, besides the 5 roles above, acted as a curriculum planner, a course planner and a study guide producer as well. On the other hand, teacher 2 applied 1 role which was different from that of that was as a learning facilitator. Third, there were some roles applied by both teachers which are appropriate for applying the approaches. Teacher 1 applied two roles as a lecturer and a students' assessor while teacher 2 applied two roles as a learning facilitator and a resource material creator.

Key words: teaching approach, teacher's role, teaching reading


Audiovisual feedback generally is used on touch screens on portable electronic devices, which are frequently used in daily life. Tactile feedback is one of the issues that have recently gained importance in this technology. Tactile feedback occurs by stimulating the nerves at the fingertip by moving the touch screen. In this study, we have determined the vibration characteristics of touchscreens made from different materials used in the sector. The finite element method is employed to obtain the vibration modes of the screen. In addition to, the effects of the materials of piezo, applied voltage, the number of the piezo patches are investigated to produce the best vibration function and graphically are presented.


A number of peptides derivatives were found to increase the peptides activity of caboxypeptidase A towards benzyloxycarbonyl-depeptides. The accelerators are either completely resistant to cleavage by carboxypeptidase A or degraded at a very slow rate. To evaluate the mode of action of the activators (A), the kinetics of hydrolysis of the substrate (S) by the enzyme (E) was followed by measuring the effect of a constant concentration of A on varying concentrations of S and vice versa. These studies indicate that an EA complex is formed, and that EA reacts with S to form an active ternary complex, EAS. Acceleration is observed because EA has a higher affnity for S than the free enzyme. Ultracentrifuge studies show that The activators do not induce aggregation of carboxypeptidase A.


The Department of Defense (DOD), as part of a multi-year renovation of the Pentagon, has recently built a new Heating and Refrigeration Plant (H&RP). This new plant is equipped with ten 3,750 ton centrifugal chillers and six 40,000 lb/hr package boilers. The new H&RP replaces an older plant with less efficient equipment and chillers which used a refrigerant less favorable for the environment than the R22 used in the new chillers. The new plant is equipped with a state-of-the-art Distributed Control System (DCS). The new H&RP was constructed and brought into service by the Bell Company. Often, a capital intensive project of this sort is focused almost solely on hardware. Too often, this focus results in lack of attention to one of the most important aspects of the project: preparation of the plant`s operating and maintenance personnel to operate the new equipment and to deal with new technology such as the DCS. Failure to address the issue of personnel training can result in failure to realize the benefits of new and potentially more efficient equipment. The importance of personnel training was recognized by DOD from the beginning of the H&RP project. Conditions for training were included in the project specification.more » Each vendor was required to provide training for the equipment supplied. The development of System Operations Manuals (SOM`s) and plant personnel training was added to the specification early in the project. This paper describes the details of the SOM development process and the training that was conducted. It also provides {open_quotes}lessons learned{close_quotes} from the experience of DOD, Bell Company and Fossil Consulting Services (FCS).« less


A major factor contributing to the difficulties in epidemic forecasting is the unpredictable nature of the population behavior that can either mitigate or exacerbate the spread of a disease. In this paper, we consider a game-theoretic framework for modeling the disease prevalence dependent response of the population behavior in a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) epidemiological model. Our behavioral response model is based on replicator dynamics, where the individuals' underlying payoffs dynamically change in response to the prevalence of the disease. The coupled dynamics highlight the interplay between the epidemic state and distancing behaviors. We establish a critical threshold on the incentive parameters for which below the threshold, the state in which the disease is endemic and the population does not cooperate with the recommended public health measures is globally asymptotically stable (GAS). Above the threshold, we find through extensive numerical simulations that a variety of dynamical outcomes emerge. For some parameters, an interior equilibrium in which the endemic state is mitigated and a fraction of the population socially distancing is stable. For other parameters, a stable limit cycle about this interior state emerges. The arising rich set of dynamics demonstrate the potential of the modeling framework for epidemic forecasting.


After having explained why we need Semantic Networking and what it is, we describe the main functional building blocks, and illustrate them with an example based on large TCP flows. We also give a short example on autonomic processes for bandwidth management in the Semantic Networking context. Then we describe how these functional building blocks fit in the architecture of a router, and explain how the Semantic Network is globally working. We end the presentation with the expected benefits for the network operators, and the conclusion.


our society is well on its way toward helping the intemahere; it would indeed be futile to try to provide precision tional measurement community develop a modernization primary standards at every value. Dr. Bob Watters at NIST has Y plan to upgrade the measurement standards system that already begun to address this type of measurement uncerhas been in place for the past century and indeed, has served us tainty via the development of a comprehensive comparison well. No, the current system has not deteriorated nor suffered a database containing data obtained from many national labofault, but instead has been overcome by the need for increased ratories. Watters points out, however, that a complicating facaccuracy and repeatability due to technology advances and a more real-time global environment. Increased vertical traceability to international units (SI) is a critical factor, along with the need for horizontal compatibility among the various laboratories and standards organizations. The driving force here is the absolute need for accuracy of field measurements. Your society, in partnership with the National Institute of Standards and Technology, as mentioned in a previous "TC News," has initiated a special Measurement Systems Modemization (MSM) Committee to start working with the issues. Why is this field-measurements accuracy so important now? Consider that today it is routine for large quantities of high-precision equipment to be in the US. one morning, in Europe that afternoon, and back in the US. that evening. And for safety reasons, this equipment may need recalibration (with the highest degree of precision, accuracy, and repeatability), at any step along the way. What kind of equipment is so shuffled around the world so frequently, you might ask? And why is it so important? The literally thousands of commercial aircraft that fly from one country to another 365 days a year. These aircraft are loaded with high-precision navigation and communications gear and other avionics and electronic systems whose absolute calibration is essential. Consider the current, sophisticated satellite systems built in one country, but integrated and launched in another. The International Space Station is one example. Precision military gear built in the U.S. and maintained regularly overseas. And so on. As an example, consider that we fully understand measurement uncertainty at l R. But what about at 1.1 R? We need to extrapolate measurement data from other values than 1 Q because we do not provide precision measurement standards at every single possible resistance value. Ever hear the phrase "resistance is futile?" This Borg expression has applicability tor is the scarcity of key comparisons. Because each parameter of interest has different characteristics, the issue is further complicated. A great deal of extrapolation is needed to cover the needed parameter space, which unfortunately adds even more to the uncertainty. Watters explains that in order to eliminate any additional errors and uncertainties, there is and will be only one central database, which is accessible either by browser or in-person. NIST uses the services of Sandia National Laboratories to assist in the database development. The database-comparison process actually uses data pairs, e.g., 1-2, 2-3, 1-4, etc. Comparisons can be made either by "shortest distance" or "least difference." At our recent MSM Steering Group meeting, about which we will state more later, Watters showed an example of resistance uncertainties, where logic might dictate that we have the best understanding of measurement accuracy. When NIST attempted to write the characteristic equations for resistance uncertainty, they found the problem to be extremely complex. This led them to the conclusion that to generate characteristic equations for more involved services would be impossible today. Part of the problem was that uncertainties expanded far too quickly with scaling. Additionally, there are too m y options to consider for the selection base. Watters showed an example chart on resistance uncertainty, which indicated that the best relative standard uncertainty (1-0.02 x 10") was achieved at 1 Q; at 10k it increased to 0.04 x 10". At all other values, the relative standard uncertainty increased dramatically. The NET effort to develop and test a resistance uncertainty model, using the ongoing international comparisons as a basis, has the potential, via modern statistical analysis, to dramatically improve measurement uncertainty. The NIST effort is about 75% complete [four national measurement institutes (NMIs) remaining], and the effort should be concluded by the end of 1999. So far, eight NMIs have agreed to participate. The database activity is only one major effort underway to help modernize the international measurement system. There


Stages of Second Language Acquisition During the past two decades, great efforts have heen made in language and learning research. The endeavors of the researchers have provided people with new ideas about first and second language acquisition. Great emphasis has been laid on the natural stages of language acquisition. Krashan's hypothesis concerning the distinction between acquisition and learning has aroused enormous interest among the pepole


The Victorian Government and the Department of Sustainability and Environment recently announced the re-introduction of cattle grazing into the Alpine National Park as part of a research trial investigating the efficacy of using cattle grazing to reduce the risk of bushfire. Ecology Australia has undertaken a review of the site selection, research design and potential information gaps relating to this project.


A C O M M U N I T Y O F S C H O L A R S ◆ J E S U I T E X C E L L E N C E ◆ R E A L W O R L D R E A D Y A recently established Task Force has made considerable progress in the formative steps of developing a University Assessment Plan by December 2004. The plan will provide a foundation for assessing outcomes across all academic and administrative departments of the University. "The University has a good reputation for assessing student outcomes," said Marie A. George, Ph.D., Vice President for Planning and Institutional Effectiveness. "We wish to build upon this foundation and formulate an institutional-wide approach to our assessment plan and activities." According to Trudy A. Dickneider, Ph.D., Chair of the Task Force, the development of a University Assessment Plan is tied to the continual growth and improvement of the University. The Task Force of 15 consists of six faculty members nominated by Faculty Senate, six staff members nominated by divisional vice presidents, two members of the Assessment and Institutional Research Office (AIRO) and a committee chair (Dr. Dickneider). The Task Force reports to Dr. George who, in turn, communicates recommendations to the Provost, President and Administrators' Conference. The first task of the group, following its formation in February, was to take inventory of assessment activities in all academic and administrative offices of the Task Force Begins Developing University Assessment Plan


Pipe-type cable systems have been a part of electric transmission systems since 1940. These systems require special protection from external corrosion and a continuous monitoring for potential problems in order to make the system cost effective. Types of corrosion cells, methods of corrosion mitigation, such as coatings and/or cathodic protection, and several system testing techniques are discussed.


The personal gut microbiota is characterized by species composition, enterotype, and bacterial gene counts. Gut microbiota can be viewed as a complex microecosystem. Regulation of the diversity and stability of the gut microbiota is therefore critical for the development of future therapies. The areas with high potential for personalized management of gut microbiota are obesity and the metabolic syndrome, prevention and control of (recurrent) infections, immune-mediated disorders, and the gut-brain axis. A true and deeper understanding of the interaction between the microbiota and the host, as well as a better matching of probiotic and prebiotic mechanisms with clinical indications will be required for successful future implementation of these therapies.


The schools of information studies of today place training for work in distributed computing environments at the core of the curriculum. However, this was not the case ten years ago. Looks, therefore, at the current role of traditionally trained librarians. Focusses on the experience of the University of Michigan Library's Documents Center, and how the collection development principles learned for selection of traditional library media apply today to selecting Internet materials.


A method for the magnetic characterization of nanowires systems is presented. It is based on first-order reversal curves (FORC) diagrams. The experimental difficulties and peculiarities of this approach when applied to nanowire systems are also described. Two samples containing approximately 20-/spl mu/m-long Ni wires, either 20 or 200 nm in diameter, were measured. The FORC diagrams for these two samples are presented and the results discussed.


The ceremony of appoint empress in Han Dynasty probably begin at Xi Han Wu Emperor period,but the earliest ceremony,which was recorded completely and kept nowadays is Dong Han Ling Emperor.Shangshu officials' Zoushu was the prologue of the ceremony,Emperors not only permit theirs' Zoushu,but also took part in it in person.Taiwei host the ceremony,and Zongzheng read documents out in public.It is worth mentioned that Gong officials played a role in the passing of Xishou,an important ceremony.Jieyu and Zhaoyi also took part in the passing of Xishou,they served as foils,which shows Empress was most respected in the palace.During the ceremony,Chenqie was not the very appellation of husband and wife,but the reflect of relationship between emperor and official.Huangmen drums were played often during the ceremony of appointing empress.


Cooperative relaying is a promising technique for multihop wireless networks to exploit spatial diversity. Most of the studies of multihop relaying assumed a simple i.i.d. Rayleigh fading model. In this case, there is no correlation of phase and amplitude among the received signals. However, this assumption is not always fulfilled in practice. For instance, the transmission distance in multihop wireless transmission is supposed to be a close range and the shadowing effect needs to be taken into account. The ray launching method based on geometrical optics is a technique for estimating a deterministic propagation channel. In this paper, 3D ray launching method is used for wireless propagation prediction. By computer simulations, the performance of 2-hop cooperative relaying with two relay stations is investigated. The simulation-based performance analysis confirms that the cooperative relaying scheme has an advantage of diversity gain thus improving the bit error ratio performance.


The Southern Cone Initiative to control Chagas disease is a major public health success story [1]. Household insecticide spray programs have greatly diminished infestation by Triatoma infestans, the major domestic vector, blood bank and congenital Chagas disease screening have been implemented widely, and the estimated prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection has fallen by more than 50% in the last 20 years [2]. Morbidity and mortality from Chagas cardiomyopathy, the most serious manifestation of T. cruzi infection, have declined progressively with disruption of domestic vector-borne transmission and increasing availability of advanced cardiac care [3]. The major exception to this pattern of success is the Gran Chaco, an ecological zone shared among Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay, and host to the highest rates of vector infestation and T. cruzi infection ever reported. Challenges include rapid reinfestation after spray campaigns, insecticide resistance, and sylvatic Tri. infestans populations [4]–[6].

Chagas cardiomyopathy occurs in an estimated 20%–30% of T. cruzi-infected individuals and features a chronic inflammatory process affecting the conduction system and myocardium [2], [7]. The earliest signs are typically bundle branch blocks and segmental wall motion abnormalities, usually beginning in early adulthood [8]. Later, patients may develop ventricular tachycardia, severe sinus bradycardia, high degree atrioventricular block (AVB), apical aneurysm, progressive dilated cardiomyopathy, and thromboemboli [2]. Syncope from heart block or severe bradycardia is common. Once conduction system abnormalities or arrhythmias are present, patients have shortened survival; signs of left ventricular dysfunction are associated with high short-term mortality [2]. Where accessible, advanced cardiac management has significantly improved the prognosis for patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy [9].

In 2011, we conducted a study of T. cruzi infection in seven villages in the Bolivian Chaco [6]. T. cruzi infection prevalence was 26.2% among residents younger than 20, 85.4% among 20–29-year-olds and 96.7% among participants 30 years or older. We then offered electrocardiograms (ECGs) to all study participants 20 years or older with T. cruzi infection. A total of 327 seropositive participants, 59% of infected study participants, had an ECG evaluated by the study cardiologists. Within a few days, we began to see patients who urgently needed pacemakers. In this article, we present a patient case report and a brief description of other patients found to need pacemakers, and we place these findings in the larger context of the Bolivian Chaco and the impact of Chagas heart disease there.


With the development of financial market,it is a radically way that improved the level of counter service to the survive and development of the bank.The counter services has been given high priority,and has been invested considerable human,material and money,but the systematic of itself determines that is not enough only by the way of improving their level of service and hardware.There are still a lot of problems on the counter service.So,the problems were analyzed in the article.We learned the experience of advanced counter service from the Mainland and Hong Kong's to improve the whole level of service.


In this paper, we highlight the role of global value chains in the synchronization of economic activity between countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the euro area. We start off by demonstrating that the degree of synchronization of the business cycles of CEE countries and their main trade partners from the euro area has increased in recent years. We next show that the cyclical fluctuations of GDP in CEE countries are strongly influenced by pro-cyclical movements of changes in inventories. We then present evidence of the importance of cross border production chains for the economies of CEE countries. We build on these findings to show that the propagation of changes in demand for imports along global supply chains JEL Classification: E32, F44, F62, O52


The world wide web was utilized as a medium for instructor-student-content interactions in the basic pharmacokinetic class for the second professional-year pharmacy students. The internet component was an integral part of the class and was used in conjunction with the regular classroom meetings that were devoted primarily for discussions and problem solving. The objectives of this course design were to promote active and collaborative learning, to enhance the students' problem solving skills, and to improve the students' ability to apply the basic pharmacokinetic concepts. The new course structure and the role of the internet component of the class in the teaching-learning process were evaluated using a Flashlight™ survey. Overall, the students who participated in the assessment survey indicated that they had positive experience in this class. The students indicated that the internet component of the class was very reliable and did not represent a barrier for their learning despite the average and below average computer knowledge of the majority of the students. The responses to the survey questions indicated that the use of the internet in this class helped in employing teaching-learning practices that have been documented to promote better learning. The majority of the students agreed that the internet component of the class helped them understand and visualize the ideas and concepts covered in the class, and that without this technology learning the basic pharmacokinetic concepts would have been more difficult. These findings indicate that the class design and the incorporation of the internet component were very successful in achieving the course objectives.


Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common histologic type among primary liver neoplasms, which are the second cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Resection, ablation, liver transplantation or transarterial chemoembolization can be used in some patients but majority of patients receive systemic treatment provided their performance status is good and liver function is preserved. Overall, 5-year survival remains low and in Europe is 12%. Since 2008 sorafenib was the only drug with proven survival improvement in the first-line treatment. Regorafenib and cabozantinib showed efficacy in second-line treatment. Recently published the results of IMbrave150 trial showed that combination of atezolizumab with bevacizumab is much more effective than sorafenib in the first-line treatment. These results of IMbrave150 study will most probably change a daily-practice entirely.


Summary Determination of iron(III) by substoichiometric extraction with 2-methyloxine into n-butanol is being reported. The method has been applied for the determination of the metal in several analyzed samples like Mn-bronze, Al-bronze and dolomite.


As the regional information acquisition source at sea,the reef radar is not only an important part of the early-warning detection system,but also the marine equipment developed in different countries. The operation characteristics of the reef radar are analyzed. Based on the existing techniques,the necessity and feasibility of the specific technology design of the reef radar as well as the design idea are proposed and discussed in terms of miniaturization,modularization,integration,automation,intelligence,network,and high reliability and environmental adaptability.


The paper by Gjersem notes that in Norway revenues from the petroleum sector have reached their peak and will slowly dwindle over the coming decades while, at the same time, population ageing will put an upward pressure on pension and health care costs (as in most other OECD countries). Against this background, the author examines the case for pre-funding and saving in the Norwegian public sector and discusses the working of the Petroleum Fund. The latter was established in 1990 to enhance the transparency of the spending of petroleum revenues and to finance the accumulation of assets to be used to meet long-term challenges related to the demographic development. Gijersem describes the structure of the Fund, its investments and financial results.


Dear Editor, The introduction of dermoscopy in the dermatological practice has improved the clinical recognition of various skin diseases, both of inflammatory and infectious nature. In addition, in the oncology field it facilitates the diagnosis of skin cancers. However, despite the progress in refining image acquisition and coding them through the search for patterns and criteria, in daily dermoscopic practice dermatologists often face cases of dubious interpretation. The use of new noninvasive in vivo diagnostic technologies such as confocal microscopy has implemented the clinical diagnostic potential of skin lesions. Optical super high magnification dermoscopy (O.S.H.M.D) represents a recent and innovative resource for noninvasive diagnostics. Using Fotofinder Medicam 1000 (Fotofinder System, Bad Birnbach, Germany), a pigmented lesion can be observed at up to 400 times the original magnification.1 It is possible to individually recognize the pigmented cells of the skin and the erythrocytes within the blood vessels of the papillae, with a real magnification close to the pathologist's histological section. The observation of thousands of images in OSHMD and the comparison with confocal microscopy and histology has allowed us to define a high magnification iconography useful for the search for patterns and diagnostic references of lesions in vivo,2– 4 although, also considering the immunohistochemical insights, the histopathology remains the gold standard in the diagnosis of melanocytic lesions.5– 7 We present the case of RR, a 20yearold male with a melanocytic lesion of the penis arisen about 4 years earlier. In anamnesis, he reported that the lesion increased in the first months of its appearance, but it stabilized in the last period, without further changes in size, shape or pigmentation. Clinically, the lesion appeared as a uniformly brown macule larger than 1 cm on the penile shaft and adjacent glans with jagged edges and an uneven pigment distribution (Figure 1). At the 20× dermoscopic examination, it was not possible to distinguish a welldefined dermoscopic pattern although a nesting structure at the shaft of the penis (Figure 1b) and a pattern of 'brown dots' in a nonchaotic arrangement at the level of the glans (Figure 1c) seem to prevail. Rather, less homogenous globules and nest structures appeared with more intensely pigmented regions. At the 400× examination, the high magnification allowed to identify circular melanocytes, regular and uniform in size, some more pigmented than others, which appear as small circles (Figure 2a,b). Some of these are distinguished by being small circles with a clear nonpigmented centre surrounded by a peripheral pigmented ring, while others are full, solid small circles with a uniformly pigmented centre and periphery. Both variants, ringappearance or solidappearance small circles, have the same size and shape. These elements are evenly distributed over the entire extent of the lesion on globular and nest architecture at the level of the shaft and on a carpet of brown dots on the mucosa of the glans. In contrast, the concomitant presence Received: 3 May 2022 | Accepted: 8 August 2022


A discussion of the distinction between ontologically dependent and ontologically non-dependent entities presupposes a general theory of categories. I assume that there are four basic types of entity: states; contingent individuals; abstract; and necessary substance. The general theory would involve five dichotomies-five ways of dividing things into exclusive and exhaustive subsets. The dichotomies are these: (1) Things which are contingent and things which are noncontingent or necessary; (2) contingent things which are states and contingent things which are non-states or contingent individuals; (3) contingent individuals which are boundaries and contingent individuals which are non-boundaries or contingent substances; (4) necessary things which are states and necessary things which are not states but are, nevertheless, entia per se; and (5) those entia per se which are abstract and that ens per se which is necessary substance. A theory of categories may be formulated by making use of the following undefined philosophical locutions: (1) x exemplifies y; (2) x is necessarily such that it is F; (3) x is a constituent of y; (4) x is a state of y; and (5) the intentional concept of believing. The result is depicted in the accompanying diagram.


Energy Efficiency is one of the goals of the Smart Building initiatives. This paper presents an Open Energy Management System which consists of an ontology-based multi-technology platform and a wireless transducer network using 6LoWPAN communication technology. The system allows the integration of several building automation protocols and eases the development of different kind of services to make use of them. The system has been implemented and tested in the Energy Efficiency Research Facility at CeDInt-UPM.


WORDSWORTH IN AMERICAN LITERARY CULTURE. Edited by Joel Pace and Matthew Scott. Foreword by Stephen Gill. Houndsmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. Pp. xix + 248. ISBN 1 4039 0133 3. $95. This volume of essays on the subject of Wordsworth's influence on American literature is a welcome addition to the growing field of transatlantic Romantic Studies. As Meredith McGill has noted, the so-called 'traffic in poems' between Great Britain and the United States in the nineteenth century fostered a symbiosis of literary cultures. Poetry by British writers such as Wordsworth, Byron and Hemans circulated widely, especially on the eastern seaboard from Maine to Virginia, with Philadelphia, New York and Boston producing the majority of editions. American periodicals were even more important to the transmission of British Romantic poetry, as they rapidly and frequently reprinted poems, especially lyrics. Influence flowed in the other direction as well, of course, but the volume under review is concentrated on the migration and adaptation of Wordsworth - his poetry, his biography, his ethics, his perspectives - by a variety of American authors working throughout the nineteenth century. As such, the volume provides an interesting set of data points through which a larger story of Wordsworth's American reception may be mapped. It also presents future researchers with many useful points of departure. The book's editors, Joel Pace and Matthew Scott, set out the terms of engagement in their introduction: 'the influence of Wordsworth's writing on American writers', not solely in literary terms but as a broader cultural influence. Thus the volume attends to Wordsworth's impact 'in environmental studies as well as the history of radical politics, religion, education, and publishing'. Pace and Scott and their gathered contributors are interested in the American culture industry, probed in the work of specific writers, as constituting a Wordsworth for the nineteenth-century reading public. As the introduction claims (perhaps a bit too broadly): 'the human themes to which [Wordsworth] addresses himself as a writer are themselves universals that have become embedded in American cultural consciousness'. The essays that follow on from this claim attempt to make good on this vision of a Wordsworthian literary history of American culture. As individual contributions each has valuable points to make, while the overarching narrative is more suggested than pursued in detail. Susan Manning's essay offers a thoughtful introduction to the methodological questions of transatlantic influence studies, focusing on 'literary style' as ideological marker, with metaphor and translation as key modes of 'thinking across' that such studies might engage with. In such modes, the traditional hierarchical arrangement of influence (in which precedence determines authority) gives way to a more synchronic awareness of similarity and transmission. Other contributors focus on particular instances of the Wordsworthian in American letters. Richard Gravil attends to the movement of Cooper's Natty Bumppo towards an alignment with Wordsworth's view of nature. Similarly, Bruce Graver examines Whittier's pursuit of the American picturesque and Native American culture, using Wordsworth as a model. …


Women in Fish – Hours of Water is a project that has been in the making for two-and-a-half years. By the time I joined in July of this year, it was, in theory, a live radio docudrama in conjunction with a theatrical installation to be held on Galiano Island. In reality, the project became a collaboration among writer Marie Clements, a team of fourteen creative and technical crew, seven performers and the community of Galiano Island. Setting up the performance and exhibition space took over a week, with performers arriving two days before the opening night and the first day of rehearsals being the last. The creation involved an interactive installation, Women in Fish, that was open to the public every morning, after which the performers and designers would gather to rehearse and plan the evening's show, Hours of Water. Hours of Water comprised six acts, performed over five nights.


This document reports the findings of a 3-year study of company strategies and the training impact of labor organization in Germany. Among the topics discussed in the theoretical overview presented in section 1 are the following: the growing importance of learning in a working environment; Germany's continuing training "system" and funding structures; acquisition of skills in a working environment; structures explaining the process of acquisition of job skills in firms; regional training and continuing training structures; national variables explaining the development of training and continuing training structures; and the context for analysis of learning processes at the workplace. Section 2 consists of three case studies that were selected as being illustrative of the following: use of work-related skilling processes to update the skilling capacity of vocational training; use of group work as a form of work organization as part of continuing training at the workplace; and use of a newly introduced office communications system as a means of skilling at the workplace. Part 3 is a synthesis report that examines the case study findings regarding learning processes at the workplace and basic conditions and factors influencing learning at the workplace. The bibliography contains 13 references. (MN) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** The role of the company in generating skills: the learning effects of work organisation


Correspondence to: Erik Brezovec University Department of Croatian Studies, Borongajska cesta 83d, Zagreb, Croatia e-mail: email@example.com Copyright © 2017 KBCSM, Zagreb e-mail: email@example.com • www.http//hrcak.srce.hr/acoholism Abstract -Article is exploring the phenomena of interactional ritual chains of everyday life. Primarily, focus is on social interaction and integration of an individual in Croatia. We are going to use the basic premises of micro-sociological analysis of which in the center of attention is the theory of Randal Collins, symbolic interactionism and phenomenology. According to mentioned aspects, the paper analyzes the usage of alcohol in Croatia, which is basically traditionally organized. The main premise of this work is that alcohol is one of the symbols of forming interaction ritual chain of everyday life. Alcohol by its own definition poses a great symbolic power and it is an inevitable factor of ritual chains of everyday life. Alcohol is a part of traditional values so it is almost impossible to exclude it from everyday life.


J.P. Rushton has presented a series of articles proposing that different racial groups, having evolved under dif- ferent environmental conditions, have been differentially selected, resulting in genetic differences in their reproductive behavior, intelligence, and "social rule- following." Rushton's model is dis- cussed with respect to two controversial points: criticisms of the nature of the data and analyses, and alternative ex- planations of the data. I concur with Rushton in the belief that different hu- man groups utilize different strategies, but fmd the differential use of species- wide, environmentally contingent tactics a more parsimonious explanation than genetic differences.


Based on the summarization of the present status of research and development of the environmental protection industry in China,it is pointed out that the development of environmental protection industry in China shall be directed by theoretical research.The Paper also discusses some relevant problems.According to the existing situation of the environmental protection industry in China and China's entry into WTO,it is analyzed and predicted that several hotspots of invested fields will be formed in the environmental protection industry in China.


The purpose of the current study is to identify the critical success factors of information systems in small-and-medium-sized firms in general, and also to investigate any differences of those critical success factors between two different industries: the electronic and textile industries. To accomplish this purpose, we collected and analyzed 115 and 108 questionnaires from the electronic and textile industries respectively. From the results of statistical analysis, critical success factors of small-and-medium-sized companies in general were obtained, and critical success factors from two industries were compared and the differences were able to be identified. The results of the analysis of the questionnaires are as follows: 1) The organizational characteristics of the electronic industry showed some differences from those of the textile industry; 2) Small-and-medium-sized companies in the electronic industry appeared to have some differences from companies in the textile industry in terms of critical success factors of information systems. Such factors as education and training, quality level of software, capability of users, business processes, standardization of data management, level of organization, user involvement, support of top management were significantly different between two industries.


To solve the problem that Lactic acid bacteria cells scattered unevenly in the determination of total viable count in fermented milk,EDTA was used as a chelating agent.An improved method for determination of total viable count in fermented milk was provided,through the optimization of EDTA addition amount and pH value.The results showed that the optimal condition were:EDTA addition amount in the range of 2%~6%,the pH value in the range of 6.8~8.8.In the optimal ranges,fermented milk diluents could clarify in short time,the death of bacteria cells were prevented caused by high osmotic pressure and high alkaline environment,and the accuracy of determination results were ensured. Measurement results were closed to the results using GB 4789.35—2010,and the measurement precision was higher than the precision of the determination results using GB 4789.35—2010.


The application of planar and fibrous optimeters has recently become more and more popular in chemical analysis of liquids and gases. They have many advantages, such as small size, low cost, optical transmission of data and possibility to design sensor matrices, which makes them an attractive subject of investigative studies and application works [1] — [4], LUKOSZ et al. [5] have recently proposed a new type of sensor — a planar difference interferometer (mode beat, polarimetric). The difference interferometer makes use of the interference of base modes which have different polarization states (TE, TM). The polarization state of a beam at the waveguide output depends on the phase difference between TE and TM modes determined during the propagation through the waveguide structure. The said difference is to be understood as a function of parameters which characterise the waveguide layer and the cover. When the refractive index chenges in the cover due to the influence from the outside, then, also the change of phase difference between the propagating modes is induced. The functioning of chemical sensors in the system of difference interferometer is based on the mechanism described above. The work presents examples of possible applications of the interference between TE and TM modes to monitor the presence of water vapour and ammonia. Due to the applied technology of ion exchange, we can exercise a precise control (during the time of the process) over the depth of refractive profile and, hence, over the potential number


Objective To investigate the effect of Nd∶YAG laser on the occlusion of pupil. Methods The pupillary membrane incision was performed in 13 patients (13 eyes) with occlusion of pupil due to anterior uveitis (7 active cases and 6 static cases) by means of Nd∶YAG laser. The incision was started with the superior edge of the pupil. The pupillary membrane was torn by the contraction of the pupillary extensor. The incision was enlarged until the pupillary membrane rolled in the anterior chamber. Results The visual acuity was 0 77±0 11. Four out of 6 patients with abnormal intraocular pressure (IOP) returned to normal one week after laser irradiation. The visual acuity was 0 83±0 15 and all had normal IOP. Active inflammation in 6 patients disappeared one month after operation. One patient recovered 2 months after operation. The complications included localized pit of lens in one patient and transient and slight rising of IOP in 4 patients. All the rest were free from any complications. Conclusions Nd∶YAG laser can relieve the anterior uveitis and its complication, and can also improve the visual acuity in cases in which even the potent mydriatics failed to rip open the pupillary membrane. It's an economical, easy, rapid, accurate, safe and effective therapy which can get twice the result with half the effort.


Indian goats have unique characteristics in terms of production, reproduction, disease resistance and adaptability in different agro-climatic regions of the country. Since, the country has vast goat genetic resources and different climatic regions but limited facilities including fund, there is a need for setting priority for conservation and better utilization. The microsatellite data of 1237 random DNA samples on 25 markers as well as morphological/ demographic information pertaining to 27 goat breeds/populations were used to study the extinction probability and conservation priority based on different approaches. Extinction probability based on census and microsatellite data revealed same order of priority for conservation in >50% cases. Surti, Zalawadi and Gaddi were at higher risk of extinction probability (≥0.63) and more than half of the Indian goat breeds were having <50% extinction probability. The study will help to manage goat genetic resources of the country and to conserve suitable breeds of goat.


Undergraduate students at Northern Arizona University interviewed and surveyed 20 staff members at Kayenta Unified School District (KUSD) on the Navajo Reservation and 14 parents of exceptional Navajo children enrolled in KUSD. Both groups were asked to identify challenges affecting the working relationship between parents and school on a rural reservation, the effective techniques used by KUSD in contacting and working with parents, and potential elements that could strengthen school-parent interactions. The staff indicated that the major challenges were geographic distance and sensitivity to cultural differences in discourse. Parents were generally satisfied with the district's efforts but indicated a need for more communication at the secondary level. Staff and parents felt that the use of home liaisons, bilingual Navajo staff members who make home visits, was a powerful technique for enhancing active communication between school and parents. Treating parents with respect, encouraging their continued assistance in their child's education, and assisting them in understanding parental rights were considered essential. The parents appreciated KUSD efforts to meet transportation needs of exceptional students and to connect families with related services or medical attention through local agencies. Among staff's seven suggested improvements were increased training for parents, obtaining parents' viewpoints and feelings, and including a parent participation component in school activities. Among parents' four recommendations were having more informational meetings and providing more pamphlets, handouts, and awareness training to parents. (ID) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATCOM Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) /This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. O Minor changes have been made to Improve reproduction Quality. Points 01 view or opinions stated in this docir men! do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS oFFN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." Doris Jones Greg Prater Susan Miller Susie Gilmore Robbie Harwood Charlotte Morris Nancy Badonie Becky Gilmore Terri Hall LaRue Gilmore Jan Wooll Duree Scot Tamara Joseph Britt Tallis _Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ KUSD, Kayenta, AZ WORKING WITH NAVAJO PARENTS OF EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN


The markers of remodeling of bone tissue (BT) were studied after the impact of pharmacologic dose of melatonin (5 mg/kg of the animal body weight) during 28 days for 3-months rats-males of Wistar and SHR lines. The studies were carried out in autumn. The aim of our work was to study the indices of bone tissue remodeling of rats of Wistar and SHR lines after introduction of pharmacologic dose of exogenous melatonin. Biochemical and immune-enzyme methods of analysis were used in the study. In rats of Wistar line was revealed a reliable increase of activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 43,9% (Р<0,05), hyaluronidase activity (HA) by 15,4% and free thyroxin concentration (fТ4) by 30%. There was also registered the decrease of pyridinoline (PYD) concentration by 48% and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) by 46,7%. In rats of SHR line under the same conditions the results essentially differed. The activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) has a tendency to increase by 11,6%, and PYD concentration decreased by 25%. The concentrations of free triiodothyronine (fТ3) and fТ4 reliably increased by 51,3% and 31,1% respectively. In the result of research we revealed that melatonin plays the main role among several main factors of regulation of bone tissue remodeling. It has stimulating influence on bone tissue and hormones of thyroid gland.


The article presents a new method for the evaluation of the braking process through analysis of the braking vibration during braking to stop with a permanent the analysis of temporal signals of vibration acceleration in the frequency domain. The problem of research assembled in the article was determined by estimating the braking process one value of the diagnostic parameter of the vibration signal generated by the disc braking level set during braking.


ous basals with a carbon film representing the distal fin (no ossified radials are seen in this specimen suggesting radial ossification may represent an age-related phenomenon). Two specimens of unidentified selensoteid arthrodires also demonstrate the presence of organic films. The importance of these specimens is the information they provide on estimates for the aspect ratio of the pectoral fin. In comparison to the chondrichthyan Cladoselache (a recognized active swimmer in the pelagic realm), the pectoral fin in arthrodires appears to have a comparable aspect ratio (standardized for size and thus suggesting equivalent lift capabilities). In the arthrodire Heintzichthys, the presence of potential muscle attachments on the basal elements suggests the possibility of active fin retraction or alteration of fin camber further adding to controlled maneuverability. A proposed explanation for the extinction of placoderms is thought to be through the process of competitive displacement by the contemporaneous chondrichthyans and osteichthyans. This has been related, in part, to relative differences in effective locomotion (based on incomplete evidence among placoderms). The recognition of comparable locomotor structures in arthrodires and sharks of the Late Devonian necessitates our reevaluation of placoderm extinction at the close of the Devonian.


The paper offers the analysis of a teacher of mathematics at transition to profile education. The purposes and tasks of modernization of education are selected, the groups of teacher of profile classes are selected, the problems of the choice of pedagogical techniques are stated, special attention is paid for the research component of the structure of professional activity of teachers of mathematics.


Dr. D. Rafael Matesanz, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar, 9,100, 28034 Madrid (Spain) Dear Sir, Gastroduodenal angiodysplasia has been identified during the last years as an important cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with chronic renal failure [1–3]. It has even been cited as the most frequent source of bleeding in these patients, in contrast to the predominance of peptic ulcer disease in the general population [4]. It was not unexpected that a pathologic process described primarily in the cecum and right hemicolon [5, 6], where more than 75% of reported cases are located [7] and which was recognized as one of the main causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding in aged persons since the last seventies [8–10], was associated with chronic renal failure as it really happened, and several patients with angiodysplasia of the colon and chronic renal failure have been described [11–13]. We have recently observed 2 patients with this association. Case Reports A 58-year-old woman with chronic renal failure due to urolithia-sis, on maintenance hemodialysis for 2 years was hospitalized because of massive rectal bleeding which required 26 blood units (about 1 unit per day). She denied previous history of gastrointestinal disturbances. Colonoscopy (× 2), oral panendoscopy (× 2), mesenteric arteriography, gastrointestinal series and barium enema were successively performed but the source of bleeding could not be detected. After injection of πlI-oxine-labeled red blood cells, abnormal uptake was localized on the right hemicolon. At surgery there were scattered lesions up to 0,5 cm throughout the colon. A total colectomy. with ileo-rectal anastomosis was performed. The resected specimen showed multiple vascular ectasias with focal muco-sal erosions. The patient has experienced no further episodes of rectal bleeding 1 year after the operation. A 67-year-old man with chronic renal failure due to gouty nephropathy (Ccr: 13 ml/min/1.73 m2) was hospitalized for evaluation of progressive anemization (Hb decrease from 12.6 to 5,5 g/dl after 6 months) with low serum ferritin level (19 ng/ml) and guaiacpositive stools. A sigmoid diverticulosis was detected in the barium enema but the gastrointestinal series, panendoscopy (× 2), colonoscopy (×2), isotopic study with '"I-oxinelabeled red blood cells (× 2) and mesenteric arteriography were otherwise normal. Six months later, arteriography was repeated because of a new episode of melena (he had required 2 blood units every 2–3 weeks): anomalous vascularization was then visualized in the cecum and right hemicolon but the bleeding point could not be detected. A new isotopic study showed a pathologic uptake of the right colon, and a total colectomy with ileosigmoid anastomosis was


ABSTRACT Chiral phosphine-phosphoramidite ligands, featuring ready availability, easy modification, and stability towards air and moisture, have recently emerged as a new kind of robust ligands for asymmetric catalysis. They have been found to display wide utilities in various catalytic asymmetric reactions, giving excellent enantioselectivities in the Rh-, Ru-, and Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of C˭C, C˭O, and C˭N double bonds; Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation; Pd-catalyzed asymmetric hydrophosphorylation; Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation; Ag-catalyzed asymmetric [3 + 2] cycloaddition; and Cu-catalyzed conjugate addition and reduction. In this review, the progress on the development of chiral phosphine-phosphoramidite ligands in asymmetric catalysis has been summarized. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


To study the effect of risk attitude of the supply chain members on supply chain disruption risk,an evolutionary game model is built to show the interaction between the suppliers and the retailers using evolutionary game theory and method.The influence of variety of decision-making parameters on evolution results is discussed.The effect of changing decision-making parameters and initial condition on the evolution results are shown by numerical simulations.It is found that the system converges to two types of patterns:the good state and the bad state.Moreover,behavior evolution routes of the suppliers and the retailers can be optimized through control of parameters.


This thesis deals with the possibility of establishing a new betting office in Pardubice. As a tool that will help decide whether to establish a new office, is used marketing research.
The first part of this thesis deals with an explanation of basic ideas of marketing research and description of main methods of marketing research. The second part of the work is focused on elaboration of marketing research and the competition analysis in Pardubice.


Intravenous (i.v.) antibiotics are needed for rescue when preventative therapy fails to achieve stability among adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Understanding the distribution of i.v. days can provide insight into the care that adults with CF need. We aim to determine the baseline characteristics that are associated with higher i.v. use, in particular to test the hypothesis that prior‐year i.v. use is associated with future‐year i.v. use.


ABSTRACT : In scientific writing, the author makes macromedia applications using Macromedia Flash application program 2004, with the aim of help for housewives and teenage girls to understand, learn and get information about several different kinds of special pastries, and cakes along the way making materials required. In the discussion of this issue to be discussed is about how to manufacture from start to determine the structure of navigation, makes the application display perhalaman design, manufacturing, application, Action Script programming, testing up to publish to exe files, so it can run. This program can only run on Windows platform


Soybean peptides are small peptides made from soybean globulin via modern biotechnology.It can be solved easily and absorbed perfectly by human intestine.Alkaline protease 2709 was applied in this study to hydrolyze soybean protein.After hydrolyzing,the soybean peptides were puri- fied by adding 1% active carbon and desalting with ion-exchange resin,which could remove 95.1% salt.With above processing,the nitrogen yield reached 95.99% and soybean peptides were refined.


This research aimed to study the patterns of tourism management in hot spring sites in the western Thailand. The study was conducted using qualitative approach, in collaboration with participation from local communities. The fieldwork combines varied sources of data gathering techniques including in-depth interviews, focus groups, surveys, and observations. The samples were stakeholders in relation to tourism development such as governmental organizations, entrepreneurs, local shop owners, community leaders and members, and individual persons relevant to management of three hot spring destinations in western Thailand. The collected data from interviews were analyzed, interpreted and reported using content analysis and descriptive explanation methods. The results showed that: 3) In terms of tourism patterns, the three sites were considered as health tourism destination which combined health tourism activities with other tourism resources and activities both in the area and nearby the destinations in order to encourage the local to use the hot springs for tourism activities. 4) The patterns of tourism management in hot spring for health tourism development in each study sites were different depending on the organizations that managed the area. For example, some sites were took care by the national park. Some of them were controlled by the Tambon Administration Organization (TAO). And some sites were locally managed by the community members. As a result, the levels of participation in each site were different. There was only one, has been managed by local community, participation level of local residents was higher than the other authorities, for instance. Moreover, a hot spring tourism master plan should be launch as a guideline for tourism planning and management of hot spring destinations throughout Thailand. This master plan would help all destinations to be better plan and set the appropriate directions of hot spring tourism development, which would benefit to the sustainability of the resources and the conservation of local identity and uniqueness.


Administrative authorization being a means of disposing resources influences the private good directly. The author put s forward her own opinion of the characters of administrative authorization from the difference between public benefit and private benefit. Then, the author advances some suggestion on the legislation of administrative authorization from two sides. One is the scope of the administrative authorization; the other is the legislative power of the specific kinds of the administrative authorization.


Abstract As rights claims on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity occupy an increasingly prominent place in international politics, it seems clear that the long-running Woman Question has been supplemented by a set of variously articulated "queer questions." Drawing on postcolonial, feminist and queer theory, and readings of queer literary and cinematic texts from India and Iran, this article explores moments of resonance, intersection and tension between the Woman Question and queer questions. It argues, first, that contemporary queer questions echo the preoccupations of the Woman Question even as they are uncannily prefigured by it; second, that these questions have been mutually disruptive of one another, so that queer questions are not simply a rerun of the Woman Question; and third, that differences between these questions are problematically flattened out in projections of shared futurity articulated in the abstract universality of "human rights." Navigating the shared pasts, fraught presents and imagined futures of Woman and queer questions, the article brings queer critiques of temporality to bear on the concerns of postcolonial queer activism. It elucidates opportunities and challenges for alliance between the subjectivities interpellated by these various questions. In addition, it asks how the proliferation of new subjectivities under the sign of "queer" troubles notions of universal human rights.