Islamic values must be applied to students in order to instill a spiritual soul in a child's identity. The inculcation of Islamic values in schools can be applied through subjects, extracurriculars, or habits that must be carried out by students. The author chose Junior High School of Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto as a place of research because he saw deviant behavior carried out by students at some time including students who were truant, cheated, and said rudely in the school environment and dating. This study aims to provide an overview of the implementation of the values of faith, worship, and morals for the class IX students of Sekolah Menengah Pertama Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto. The type of research used is field research using a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were grade IX students at Junior High School of Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto with data analysis techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation, while the analysis provided a description in the form of a narrative about the implementation form under study. The author describes the indicators of the variables that are the center of research attention. The results of the study indicate that implementing religious practices organized by schools, especially at Junior High School of Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto, it provides an added value for schools, namely by implementing the values of aqidah morals of worship through learning in the classroom and learning outside the classroom such as providing material on faith, morality, worship and require students to perform the Duhur prayer in congregation, pray Duha in the congregation, get used to the 3S (Smile, Greet, Greeting), infaq on Fridays, attend extracurricular Tahsin and Tahfidz, read the Qur'an after prayer noon in the congregation.


With gradual increase in the integration of renewable energy resources into the existing power supply network, the need for reliable and efficient grid side fault detection and protection of inverters is crucial. The existing conventional protection schemes using over-current relay is insufficient as the fault current magnitude is low for solid state devices. This paper investigates a voltage based protection scheme involving grid side fault detection along with an automatic islanding scheme of a three-phase inverter after a grid fault. After islanding the inverter will take care of its own local load and works in islanded mode until the grid fault is cleared and the VSI is again transferred to grid tied mode.


The sinco Laboratory of the University of Lapland has developed a methodology based on role playing, co-creation and technology to prototype a service. This process allows creating a space of trust in which emotions, experiences and creativity come together in the same place, stimulating collaborative design. Therefore, the role of the designer is essential to articulate and guide the process, as a key actor to transform expectations and opinions into concrete service proposals for their improvement or creation. The process of service prototyping involves emotions because it requires reviving and recreating previous experiences to build new ones.


SummaryThe small intestine of the common genet is the habitat of Taenia parva (Taeniidae), a common parasite whose intermediate host is Apodemus spp. (Rodentia). Here we divided the small intestine of 51 common genets into sections and analysed them separately. Cestodes were classified into four categories: larval, pre-adult, adult and gravid specimens. A total of 4,443 individuals were recovered and classified: 543 larval stages, 2,326 pre-adults, 872 adults and 702 gravid specimens. A double analysis was performed by checking the distribution of the parasite along the digestive tract and comparing this distribution with reproductive fitness. This is the first study to test the border effect on the distribution of T. parva in its habitat. We also tested and demonstrated the Ideal Free Distribution Model (IFM model). A non-random distribution was found, with the lowest parasite frequencies in the top and the bottom portions of the small intestine. Maturity classes of cestodes vs. intestine portion were tested and no differences between portions were detected. We also analysed seasonal changes in parasite frequency. Log-linear analysis showed that the mean frequency of cestode occurrence per individual host was higher during winter, followed by spring, autumn and summer.


Subject
 Australia's upcoming general election.

 Significance
 Australians will cast their ballots in a general election on May 18. The election, announced by Prime Minister Scott Morrison on April 11, will be for the whole House of Representatives, parliament's lower house, and just over half of the seats in the Senate, or upper house.

 Impacts
 With both main parties likely to win the same primary vote, the election will probably be decided by the preferential voting system.
 A hung parliament, with several minor parties holding the balance of power, is possible.
 A rural-city divide will undermine projecting national policies and may take votes from both main parties.


A two part research project which culminated in a series of artists'interventions realised at Freightliners Farm near Caladonian Road over 2 days in June.
Intended to pragmatically investigate 'place-based' practices with a view to an ongoing exchange, the exploratory week scoped the viability of Freightliners, as a partner for future projects with CSM Fine Art as well as a potential site for ongoing artists' residencies. The artists used the farm as a studio over a week in April with the interest in allowing the artists processes of experimentation, play, testing to be encountered by visitors and trainees at the farm. Formalized reflection on strands of practice deployed in this project are intended to contribute to ongoing discussion about how artists can find ways of working in response to locality.


OBJECTIVE: To obtain from Medicaid drug utilization review (DUR) program directors their perspectives on the current status of their retrospective and prospective DUR programs, and to ascertain their assessment of the current and future influence of managed care on the integrity of these programs. PARTICIPANTS: All directors of state Medicaid drug utilization review programs. DESIGN: Telephone contact and faxed survey. RESULTS: Eighty-two percent (n=42) of the program directors responded. The majority of states did not carve out their pharmacy benefit plans when contracting services from managed care organizations (MCOs). The DUR program directors commented that Medicaid agencies should put strict data-reporting requirements into their contracts with MCOs. Several of the program directors did not know whether MCOs reported to Medicaid certain data that could be potentially useful for DUR purposes, indicating that communication between the DUR program and other departments within Medicaid agencies should b...


A novel direct torque control strategy is proposed for matrix converter (MC)-based permanent magnet synchronous motor drive systems, which can achieve smooth control of torque and flux with fixed switching frequency. Analytical expression of torque and flux corresponding to different MC voltage vectors are derived. Evaluation functions for torque and flux are established. A master-vector and a slave-vector are selected from a switching table, whose duty cycles are calculated by the evaluation functions. Experiments with a prototype are carried out. The results show that the proposed method can achieve smooth torque and flux performance and fast dynamic response.


Introduction: In India, as of 2017 only 32% of young men knew how to prevent HIV (UNAIDS 2018).There is evidence of emerging epidemics among men who have sex with men in areas not previously recognized as having high HIV burdens. There is gap in evidence on knowledge and attitude about HIV/AIDS among male students, particularly from central India. The objective was to assess knowledge & attitude regarding HIV/AIDS among male students of a Junior College.


Dr. Nobuo Nakabayashi, Professor Emeritus of Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) passed away on December 28, 2021 at the age of 85. Dr. Nakabayashi was born in Tokyo on March 3, 1936. He obtained his BS in 1958, MS in 1961 and PhD in 1964 from the Tokyo Institute of Technology (thesis: Preparation of Reactive Polymers). He started his professional career as an Assistant Professor at TMDU in 1964. From 1967–1968, he was a research fellow in the Department of Chemistry, Yale University. Dr. Nakabayashi was later promoted to the position of Associate Professor in 1969–1981 and then full Professor in 1981 up to 2001, when he retired from TMDU. He was a director at the Institute for Medical and Dental Engineering of TMDU, between 1996 and 1999. Upon his retirement in 2001 from TMDU, he was awarded the title of Professor Emeritus. Dr. Nakabayashi devoted his energy to the development of dental adhesive materials and his renowned breakthrough of the micromechanical mechanism of dentin bonding. This discovery had a significant impact for clinicians and researchers worldwide and was one of the greatest contributions to the further development and advancement of adhesive dentistry. Dr. Nakabayashi focused his research on the structure of phospholipids in a membrane model at the dawn of the development of adhesive materials, in which he focussed on the synthesis of methacrylates with hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups in one molecule. In the 1970s, a carboxyl monomer, 4-META and a phosphoric acid monomer, phenyl-P, were introduced as adhesion-promoting monomers. These monomers were used in early adhesive materials for orthodontic, prosthodontic, and restorative dental treatments. The concept of the functional monomer established by Dr. Nakabayashi continues to be the focal point for our modern adhesive materials. To this day, the original and analogous adhesive monomers still play an active role in currently used adhesives. His other excellent achievement was the elucidation of the adhesive mechanism between dental adhesive materials and dentin. During the 1970s, dentin bond strengths were poor and a method of how to achieve a strong, stable bond to dentin had yet to be determined. In the series of studies on dentin bonding with 4-META/MMA-TBB resin, an ultrastructural examination of the adhesive-dentin interface was performed using SEM and TEM. From these studies of the adhesive-dentin interface, he discovered what he originally termed the "Hybrid Layer" This observation really laid the foundation for advancement of research on adhesive mechanisms between resin-based adhesives and tooth structure. Dr. Nakabayashi received two prestigious awards recognizing his work on dentin adhesion: the Wilmer Souder Award (IADR) in 1994 and the Hollenback Memorial Prize (Academy of Operative Dentistry) in 1997. Dr. Nakabayashi and Dr. David H. Pashley published an excellent book entitled "Hybridization of Dental Hard Tissues" (Quintessence Publishing Co, Ltd, Tokyo) in 1998. Dr. Nakabayashi is regarded as one of the pioneers in the development of excellent biomaterials which have been applied not only in dentistry, but also in various medical devices, such as artificial blood vessels, artificial hearts, and artificial dialysis. The importance of Dr. Nakabayashi's contribution to the minimal intervention concepts of dental treatments we now use in clinical practice, as well as to the widespread use of metal-free restorations in Adhesive Dentistry, cannot be overestimated. May his soul rest in peace, Dr Nobuo Nakabayashi, "discoverer" of the HYBRID LAYER.


In situ biodegradation is increasingly being used as a cost effective remedial strategy for contaminated sites. However, for the remediation to be successful, it is necessary to understand the fundamental geochemical and microbiological processes occurring at a particular site. At a paint manufacturing facility, a mixed hydrocarbon plume containing both BTEX and paraffinic hydrocarbons (Stoddard solvent) has contaminated the aquifer. The microbial processes occurring in the plume were investigated to better define the capacity of the aquifer to degrade hydrocarbons. Microbial oxidation of hydrocarbons is known to be coupled with the reduction of redox active species including oxygen, nitrate, ferric iron and sulphate as well as the production of methane. Water quality data, redox parameters and contaminant information were collected from the site to identify candidate biological processes occurring. The results show that as the contaminant concentration increases, the redox decreases indicating the generation of a more reduced environment. The decreasing redox correlates with increased concentrations of ammonia, ferrous iron and sulphide. The data indicates that there have been a range of different electron acceptor systems operating at the site. This has been correlated with a theoretical amount of benzene consumed. The chemistry from the wells at the site showmore » that at least 47 mg/L of benzene is capable of being mineralized within the aquifer by microbial based transformations given the current contaminant loading and flowrate. 3 refs., 1 fig., 2 tabs.« less


Abstract The high and low pressure transient systems that cross the Andes at various extratropical latitudes are strongly affected by this natural barrier. Available analysis from operational weather services, such as the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), provide a description of these migrating systems, which are often associated with regional features of orographic origin, such as the Northwestern Argentinean Depression. Their propagation is subject to a particularity: for distinct reasons both low and high pressure systems are commonly deflected to the north when crossing the Andes. The purpose of the paper is to test the ability of an atmospheric general circulation model, the LMD (Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique) GCM, to simulate correctly the behavior of these systems. This is done through the analysis of conventional meteorological parameters, but also by duplicating, from the output fields of the model, a series of composite analyses that were previously carried out...


New guidelines for the treatment of patients with high cholesterol may, or may not, be appropriate for persons with type 2 diabetes. Here are the pros and cons.


In this paper, we study some relevant properties of generic quantum Markov semigroups, in particular related to their asymptotic behavior. We can describe the structure of the set of fixed points and of the invariant states in terms of the Hamiltonian's spectrum and of the communication classes of the classical Markov process associated with the diagonal part of the semigroup. Moreover we study the decoherence-free algebra and we complete the characterization of environmental decoherence for a generic quantum Markov semigroup.


To improve security of grid interaction and reflect subjective and fuzzy nature of trust and dynamic character of trust relation, a method of dynamic trust management based on fuzzy theory is put forward. The membership degree and eigenvector of the fuzzy theory are firstly introduced to descript trust dynamically. On different context settings and direct interaction information of the recommendation node, the fuzzy synthesis evaluation model of trust is presented. By defuzzification of the trust degree, the quantitative results of evaluation are obtained. Based on two factors of time-attenuation and fuzzy approach degree, a new model of trust renewal is provided. Results of simulation showed that the proposed method of trust evaluation for grid is reliable and effective.


During August, I926, the writer spent some time studying the mycorhizal relations of the woody plants in the Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee, and to a very limited extent also in the vicinity of Wilmington, North Carolina. In addition to observations made in the field, roots were collected from i6 different species, collections being made from several individuals of each species. These roots were later imbedded, sectioned, and studied microscopically.


This article reviews John Marx's Geopolitics and the Anglophone Novel, 1890–2011, a study of how the novel has sought to intervene in global administration over the long twentieth century. Adopting a genealogical approach, Marx aims to identify the discursive conditions through which literature came to have something to say about global governance. The anglophone novel, he argues, has evolved in conversation with a sociological discourse of professionalized governmentality that took root in the age of imperial British liberalism and reinvented itself through successive stages of post-World War II globalization. For instance, Marx's chapter on failed-state fiction shows how certain novels engage with competing professional knowledge about states in crisis in order to reassess who is truly qualified to administer in those zones—including those who do not fit traditional, class-based notions of "professionalism." In this and other chapters, Marx attempts to tease out the positive political potentials that emerge from the novelistic engagement with these complex discursive systems. Ultimately, he offers a measured optimism for a reinvented liberalism in our present moment, one that is needed to contest neoliberalism's claim to be the sole heir to liberal ideas. Novels, he concludes, can indeed work incrementally in collaboration with social sciences to set new agendas and frameworks for global governance. Overall, Marx's book offers a fresh perspective for theorizing literary agency on a global scale, while simultaneously revealing the need for a more thoroughgoing analysis of interdisciplinary exchange within governmentality.


Objective To investigate the staining effect of GoldView to the DNA/RNA samples in the gels and evaluate the possible application of GoldView in routine nucleic acid staining as a substitute for EtBr. Methods After the run was completed, the gels were incubated in GoldView(1:20,000 dilution)or EtBr(0.5μg/ml)solution for about 30~45 minutes with gentle rocking. During staining, gels were protected from light. Visualize and photograph the gels by placing it on a 300nm UV transilluminator. Results GoldView-dsDNA complexes emitted green fluorescence and GoldView-ssDNA complexes red one when being exposed to 300 nm UV light. GoldView stain detected as little as 5 ng per band of dsDNA compared to 2.5 ng with EtBr.The two stains performed with approximately equivalent sensitivity for detecting dsDNA. Conclusion GoldView is a safe,sensitive alternative to EtBr for routine nucleic acid staining.


The present study is focused on optimization of a double-crank-rocker flapping wing mechanism to imitate the motion of eagle wing divided into inner and outer wing with flapping, folding and twist degree of freedom, and structural flexibility. Considering the multibar dimensions of the flapping mechanism as design variables, combinatorial optimization method was applied to maximize the aerodynamic efficiency. Based on the optimization results, a bionic eagle model of 1.5 m wing span was manufactured to perform flight tests. The study results show that the optimized kinematic of motion can be achieved by using the multibar flapping mechanism; the inner wing plays the key role of producing lift while the outer wing producing thrust; as a result of the optimization, the lift was increased by 2.8% from 3.85 N up to 3.96 N and the thrust increased by 12.5% from 0.16 N up to 0.18 N, which was verified by the flight tests. The flight test also demonstrated a sustainable level flight of the bionic eagle model at a flapping frequency of 2 Hz.


Curriculum ideological and political education is a new teaching mode that integrates ideological and political education and professional theoretical courses, and it is also a new trend in current college education. The ideological and political course aims to teach students professional knowledge and at the same time cultivate their ideological and political value system. This article takes the compulsory course Chinese Architecture History as an example, analyzes the significance of introducing the curriculum ideology and politics into the Chinese architecture history classroom, and proposes specific measures for teaching design accordingly, using the student's "perception-experience-sublimation" teaching experience model to The combination of "theory and practice" expresses the professional characteristics of the course itself, realizes the teaching goal of integrating professional courses and ideological and political education, and roots Chinese cultural genes in students' social outlook, values, outlook on life and world outlook.


Ice cream is dairy products through the freezing process. The raw material is kidney bean ice cream, skim milk and mango kweni. Kidney bean contains 23.1 g protein, 59.5 g carbohydrate, 1.7 g fat and higher in fiber. The purpose of this study was to determine levels of protein, organoleptic quality and public acceptability composition of kidney bean ice cream and skim milk with the addition of mango kweni. The method used is experimental research with a completely randomized design (CRD) two factors, the first is composition of kidney beans: skim milk (25%: 75%, 50%: 50%, 75%: 25%, 100%: 0%) and factor two is mango kweni (10 g and 20 g) with two replications. Data were analyzed with descriptive qualitative and quantitative. Results showed the highest protein content of ice cream in the treatment M2K2 (50% skim milk, 50% kidney bean and 20% mango kweni), amounting to 3.0 g. While the low protein content of ice cream, the treatment M2K4 (0% skim milk, kidney bean 100%, and 20% mango kweni), 2.3 g. Ice cream with 100% of kidney bean extract treatment + 0% of skim milk +20% of mango kweni is ice cream that can be accepted by society.


2,6-Dichloropurine was obtained by chloration of 2,6-dithiopurine, which is a thiolated (cyclocondensing) product of 4,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-2-mercaptopyrimidine with formamide. The reaction (conditions) of thiolation and chlortion(e.g.using hydrochloric acid instead of acetic acid and direct chloration in concentrated hydrochloric acid) were improved and put to industrial production.


In this study, a computer-controlled education tool was designed for adjusting the speed of a DC motor using a PLC. While the motor speed was measured with a tachogenerator, the motor voltage was controlled with a PWM signal generated by the PLC. The driving circuit was tested using a 4W-DC motor. OPC server was employed for not only ensuring the communication between ProfiLab-based interface and PLC but also real-time monitoring and control. The motor speed was controlled in a sensitive and accurate way using the designed education tool. As a result, it is shown that the designed education tool is usable and practical for vocational and technical education.


As with the iconography of exilic and diasporic cinema generally, the Turkish–German cinema of the 1970s and 1980s featured images of captivity and claustrophobic spaces. More recently, in tandem with a shift away from the tendency to represent the migrant as victim, this cinema has portrayed its protagonists as on the move, either within urban environments or in transit between Turkey and Germany. Focusing primarily on this last category of film, the article will examine the significance attaching to such transnational journeys. In some cases they serve mainly as a means of narrative closure in the form of enforced (or even self-imposed) deportation; while in genuine road movies the journey from Turkey to Germany may be represented in miserabilist terms as one of pain and despair or more positively as one of quest and self-assertion. In Fatih Akin's films, particularly In July, Head-On and The Edge of Heaven, where the protagonists journey in the reverse direction (from Germany to Turkey), transnational travel entails a quest either for redemption or for new forms of identity.


We study the failure of the smoothness of flow maps for the $(1+3)$ dimensional Yang-Mills system in the Lorenz gauge by Knapp type counterexamples. This shows a gap between the scaling critical regularity exponents and the best attainable regularity via Picard's iteration in the Yang-Mills system under the Lorenz gauge condition.


This paper proposes the scrum development process using concurrent testing method as improve product quality while reducing waste of time for an agile methodology. It defines the role of test engineer in scrum team which tends to focus on the development process. The test engineer carries out test design, test script and coding for automated testing. test execution, managing and coordinating the issue about integration between scrum teams. This approach resulted in reducing the lead time for defect management and the number of defect in post-release.


Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to do a retrospective analysis of the various neurosurgical pathologies where endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was used and to evaluate the outcome and prognosis. Methods The retrospective data collection was done for the patients who underwent ETV with or without other adjunct procedures; the results were prepared for clinical presentation, diagnosis, surgical approach, and surgical goal; and success rate and prognosis were analyzed and compared with other studies. Results A total of 50 patients were included in the study, with overall success rate of ETV as 88%; aqueductal stenosis was the most common indication where ETV was used; headache and vomiting were the most common presenting complaints followed by ataxia and visual blurring; and ETV provided flexibility in its use with biopsy, abscess drainage, temporary external ventricular drain placement, etc. Conclusion ETV being superior to ventriculo-peritoneal shunt for obstructive hydrocephalus provides flexibility in its use and possibly is a useful adjunct to prevent postoperative hydrocephalus after endoscopic intraventricular surgery; proper case selection in accordance to ETV success score yields a better success rate. In experienced hands with proper precautions, perioperative complications can be kept at minimum. Wherever possible, in cases of obstructive hydrocephalus, especially in patients >1 year of age, ETV should be the treatment of choice. We recommend a proper case selection, including preoperative detailed reading of sagittal magnetic resonance imaging scan, to improve the success rate with less complication.


Presentation summary. Education and research institution increasingly use public cloud services as part of their internal IT and in education. Getting these services in line with the R&E requirements on e.g. privacy and security is not easy. On request of six universities of applied science, SURFnet create a hybrid cloud service which gives institutions access to a wide range of IaaS and PaaS services from both SURFnet and a wide range of European and US public cloud providers. These services have subsequently been made available to all Dutch institutions connected to SURFnet. SURFnet participated in a joint public tender with 35 other European NRENs for the public providers. Institutions can consume these services without having to run a tender themselves. IT departments, teachers and researchers can transparently see the capabilities and associated costs and choose which provider to use for which specific applications. The cloud management portal ,through which all these services are managed and provisioned, serves as a single control plane. It standardizes (and automates) tasks and gives institutions the ability to control (and limit) costs.


In this paper we approach a comparative multi-resolution analysis of EEG signals featuring epileptic activity. The Discrete Wavelet Transform is applied to several sets of EEG recordings, using various wavelet types. For EEG sequences with typical pathological patterns, the multi-level decompositions with various wavelet families, the corresponding spectra, and also the relative energy distribution ratios are calculated and shown. We show that the spectral energy distribution of EEG wave depends on the particular choice of wavelet used in analysis.


The effect of fetal number (single or twin) on plasma concentrations of progesterone, estradiol 17β, cortisol, prolactin, growth hormone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine and insulin around parturition (periparturient period) were studied on ten Alpine × Beetle crossbred goats in their first to third lactation. The hormone profiles were studied on days -20, -15, -10, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1 prior to kidding and on day 0 and +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +10, +15, +20 days postkidding. Plasma progesterone levels were significantly (p<0.01) higher in twin bearing goats comparison to single bearing goats during all the days of sampling. The decline in progesterone concentration from day 20 to day 1 before kidding was 56% in twin and 42% in single bearing goats. In single bearing goats plasma estradiol 17β was significantly (p<0.01) higher during prekidding days compared to twin bearing goats. The level of estradiol 17β was highest on the day of kidding in both the groups. The plasma prolactin level in twin bearing goats from day 10 to day 1 prepartum was higher as compared to single fetus bearing goats. However there was abrupt increase in prolactin level on the day of kidding in both the groups. The plasma growth hormone levels were significantly (p<0.01) higher in twin compared to single bearing goats. On the day of kidding growth hormone levels were significantly (p<0.01) higher in twin as compared to single bearing goats (1.40 vs. 0.95 ng/ml). In twin bearing goats plasma cortisol values from day 5 till the day of kidding remained elevated and the levels on the day of kidding was significantly highest in both the groups. The levels of triiodothyronine (T3) were significantly higher (p<0.01) during all the periods of sampling in single compared to twin bearing goats. Plasma thyroxine (T4) was significantly (p<0.01) lower in twin compared to single bearing goats. In single bearing goats plasma insulin levels were significantly (p<0.01) higher than twin bearing goats during prepartum period however during post partum period the levels in both the groups remained similar. It can be concluded that number of fetuses is having significant influence on the hormone profile during periparturient period. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2002. Vol 15, No. 3 : 346-351)


A study on the method for the synthesis of alkyl urethane acrylate oligomers has been performed with 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate. Alkyl urethane acrylate oligomers for UV curable coating agents were synthesized from 2-mercaptoethanol (2-MEOH), alkyl (methyl, butyl, 2-ethylhexyl) acrylate, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBIN, initiator) and dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst. 2-MEOH was used for functional chain transfer agent. The urethane acrylate oligomers were obtained by the reaction of alkyl acrylate oligomers and 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate. The molecular structure of alkyl urethane acrylate oligomers was characterized by FT-NMR, FT-IR, and GPC. And thermal property of the synthesized oligomers was confirmed by rheometer and DSC. The alkyl urethane acrylate oligomers can be applied for UV curable coatings, inks and adhesives.


Based on a case study of the development prerequisites for agricultural-tourism gardens in Beijing,the paper first points out the target market of agritourism gardens as urban citizens seeking weekend leisure.And then it suggests that "Agriculture-tourism Integration" and "Market-ing Green Ideas" are the keys to success of agritourism gardens.It concludes with a comparison of two management models of agritourism gardens on the outskirts of Beijing.


The effect of the presence of two probe waveguides on the dynamics of hyper‐Raman processes is studied in terms of quantum Zeno and anti‐Zeno effects. Specifically, the enhancement (diminution) of the evolution of the hyper‐Raman processes due to interaction with the probe waveguides via evanescent waves is viewed as quantum Zeno (anti‐Zeno) effect. This study considers the two probe waveguides interacting with only one of the optical modes at a time. For instance, as a specific scenario, it is considered that the two non‐degenerate pump modes interact with each probe waveguide linearly, while Stokes and anti‐Stokes modes do not interact with the probes. Similarly, in another scenario, it is assumed both the probe waveguides interact with Stokes (anti‐Stokes) mode simultaneously. The present results show that quantum Zeno (anti‐Zeno) effect is associated with phase‐matching (mismatching). However, it do not find any relation between the presence of the quantum Zeno effect and antibunching in the bosonic modes present in the hyper‐Raman processes.


It is possible to determine the reliability of steel structures exposed to fire, as a random accidental action, entirely by structural reliability methods, combined with adequate laboratory testing. This paper presents a parametric study of the influence of different fire loads on the reliability of a warehouse steel hall. The safety of steel structures is expressed by a safety index thatrepresents a measure of structure safety and is directly related to the probability of structural failureThe paper also presents an experimental study involving research on the mechanical characteristics of steel at high temperatures which are essential for determining the resistance of steel structures. Safety indices are calculated for the defined values of the basic variables of resistance and fire action, as well as the degree of safety of the steel structures exposed to the fire. These investigations have been carried out within the NA (National annex) in the field of fire action according to Eurocode specifications.


NbSe$_2$ is one of metallic two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials. Because of broken crystal inversion symmetry, large spin splitting is induced by Ising-type spin-orbit coupling in odd-number-layered NbSe$_2$, but absent for even-number-layered NbSe$_2$ with the inversion symmetry. In this paper, we numerically calculate nonlinear optical charge and spin Hall conductivities of few-layered NbSe$_2$ based on an effective tight-binding model which includes $d_{z^2}$, $d_{x^2-y^2}$ and $d_{xy}$ orbitals of Nb atom. We show that the nonlinear optical Hall conductivity for second harmonic generation (SHG) process has nonvanishing value in odd-number-layered NbSe$_2$. Also, we provide nonlinear optical selection rule in few-layered NbSe$_2$ and their polarization dependences. In further, for even-number-layered case, the nonlinear optical Hall currents can be generated by applying electric fields which break inversion symmetry. We also discuss that the nonlinear optical Hall effect is expected to occur in TMDC materials in general. Thus, our results will serve to design potential opt-spintronics devices based on 2D materials to generate the spin Hall current by SHG.


Refusing user-defined weak password is an important means to protect information system.Different from rule based proactive password checker,we proposed a combination password proactive classification model.The model firstly uses Markov model and constructes effective password strength metric integrating typical password strength factors such as length,frequency and first letter.Then strength metric assesses each password and grades them with suitable threshold values.The model deployes multilevel bloom filter to record classification result.It not only reduces timeconsuming in password strength assessment and retrieval,but also keeps proactive model and graded password in secret.Experimental results show that password strength evaluation results are reasonable compared with other metrics,and classification result can across password datasets.


This study is to compare and analyse the high school chemistry curriculum in Korea and Japan from the viewpoint of the structure, objectives, contents, teaching-learning method, and assessment plans. From the comparative analysis, we found some common and different aspects. The suggestive ideas which is useful for study of Korean science curriculum were deduced, such as more expansion of selective subjects and enhancing the guidance, more flexible teaching methods, enhancing the individualized instruction plans suitable to each student's condition, careful selection of educational contents and enhancing the base and foundation, and transition period.


In order to improve the ship enterprises tube processing plant material handling systems,increase material handling capacity,reduce production and logistics costs,improve production efficiency and shorten the production cycle of shipbuilding,took CQ enterprise pipes processing workshops as background,through site exploration and quantitative analysis of enterprise pipes processing workshop handling status,and based on production material characteristics and production facilities of the layout,by using industrial engineering on-site management,fixed home management,billboards management and 6S management technologies,made the human,machine,material,method in system re-integrated.Materials assembled unit,improving the material handling line,reducing material handling away,special materials cabinet and pallet rack design efficient,simple and lean fit the shipbuilding enterprises tube processing plant material handling program were derived.


Correctly interpreting soil fertility and its spatial distribution within an area helps to lessen losses and environmental effects associated with agriculture, to optimize fertilization and liming practices. This study is aimed at using concepts and methods from spatial and temporal analyses to soil fertility and to develop a fuzzy classification methodology in an effort to define input application zones in three conilon coffee harvests. An irregular network with georeferenced points was built in the central region of the farm. Soil samples were collected at 0.00-0.20 m depth within the projections of tree canopies. Geostatistical analysis was used to set up maps in which the variables were shown. In such maps, input and output fuzzy sets were created and applied, as well as rules of inference and determination of to-be-applied logical operators. Fuzzy classification of the area was performed in the three harvests so as to define whether or not inputs were needed. Our main findings show that the N-P-K requirement was spatially dependent in all harvests. By classifying the area using fuzzy logic, it was possible to analyze soil fertility and to indicate the regions having the smallest and greatest needs for N-P-K and liming.


The study aims to identify the practice of training program designed at selected training institutes around the district of Bangi in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The objectives of this study are: (1) to identify the use of particular model or approach being practiced; (2) to compare the models used with theories proposed in the literature and; (3) to study the factors that influenced the practice of training program design. There were 50 program planners and trainers were selected to become the respondents for this study. These respondents were from 12 identified training centres. This quantitative survey is using a set of questionnaire for each respondent as its research tool. A purposive sampling was used based on trainer's responsibilities in designing and implementing training. The study found that there were various approaches used by different training institutes. These selected training institutes were found to be using their own approach in designing training program. These approaches were different from those recommended in the literature. There were several factors found to be the main impediments to these selected training institutes from using formal designing model. Among them were the used of too rigid model, too theoretical, too complex and unsuitable to organizational surrounding. In conclusion, these selected training institutes were found to be using their own approaches in designing training program.


Population bottlenecks can have dramatic consequences for the health and long-term survival of a species. A recent bottleneck event can also largely obscure our understanding of standing variation prior to the contraction. Historic population sizes can be modeled based on extant genomics, however uncertainty increases with the severity of the bottleneck. Integrating ancient genomes provides a powerful complement to retrace the evolution of genetic diversity through population fluctuations. Here, we recover 15 high-quality mitogenomes of the once nearly extinct Alpine ibex spanning 8601 ± 33 BP to 1919 CE and combine these with 60 published modern genomes. Coalescent demography simulations based on modern genomes indicate population fluctuations matching major climatic change over the past millennia. Using ancient genomes, we show that mitochondrial haplotype diversity has been reduced to a fifth of the pre-bottleneck diversity with several highly differentiated mitochondrial lineages having co-existed historically. The main collapse of mitochondrial diversity coincided with human settlement expansions in the Middle Ages. The near extinction severely reduced the mitochondrial diversity. After recovery, one lineage was spread and nearly fixed across the Alps due to recolonization efforts. Contrary to expectations, we show that a second ancestral mitochondrial lineage has survived in an isolated population further south. Our study highlights that a combined approach integrating genomic data of ancient, historic and extant populations unravels major long-term population fluctuations.


The first section of this paper presents the broad findings of the 1982 census of the Peoples Republic of China including data on population size growth rates age structure urban-rural and regional distribution educational attainment and composition by nationality. Comparisons are made with data from earlier Chinese censuses and from other countries. The second section presents the case for the accuracy of the census by addressing and refuting questions and criticisms raised about it. (summary in FRE SPA) (EXCERPT)


ABSTRACT We evaluated the efficacy of voriconazole against nine strains of Aspergillus terreus with different MICs (0.12 to 4 μg/ml) by using a murine model. Markers of efficacy included survival, tissue burden, galactomannan antigenemia, and drug serum levels. Voriconazole was especially effective in prolonging survival and reducing the fungal load in infections by strains that showed MICs that were less than or equal to the epidemiological cutoff value (1 μg/ml). In vitro data might be useful for predicting the outcome of A. terreus infections.


Background Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) pose a major public health challenge in older adults. In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of ADRD is projected to escalate amidst ill-equipped healthcare workers (HCWs). Aim This study aimed to assess ADRD knowledge amongst Ghanaian HCWs and improve gaps identified through a workshop. Setting Study was conducted among HCWs attending a workshop in Kumasi, Ghana. Methods On 18 August 2021, a workshop on ADRD was organised in Kumasi, Ghana, which was attended by 49 HCWs comprising doctors, nurses, pharmacists, social workers and nutritionists. On arrival, they answered 30 pre-test questions using the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS). A post-test using the same questionnaire was conducted after participants had been exposed to a 4-h in-person educational content on ADRD delivered by facilitators from family medicine, neurology, geriatrics, psychiatry and public health. Results The mean age of participants was 34.6 (± 6.82), mean years of practice was 7.7 (± 5.6) and 38.8% (n = 19) were nurses. The mean score of participants' overall knowledge was 19.8 (± 4.3) at pre-test and 23.2 (± 4.0) at post-test. Participants' pre-test and post-test scores improved in all ADKS domains. Factors associated with participants' knowledge at baseline were profession, professional rank and the highest level of education attained. After adjusting for age and sex, participant's rank, being a specialist (adjusted β = 14.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.03, 21.85; p < 0.001) was an independent predictor of knowledge on Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion Existing knowledge gaps in ADRD could be improved via continuous medical education interventions of HCWs to prepare healthcare systems in Africa for the predicted ADRD epidemic.


In the farmdoc daily article of May 26, 2016, we reviewed the EPA's final rule making for the Renewable Fuels Standards (RFS) for 2014-16 and the preliminary rulemaking for 2017 to determine if the implied conventional biofuels (ethanol) mandates represented a "push" beyond the E10 blend wall. The magnitude of the push is calculated as the difference between the implied conventional mandate and the expected level of consumption of conventional (non-advanced) ethanol. We concluded that the EPA policy of establishing mandates high enough to provide a push revealed in the November 2015 final rulemaking for 2014-2016 was continued in the 2017 preliminary rulemaking. Based on projections of domestic gasoline consumption that exceed EPA projections, we calculated that the magnitude of the push for conventional ethanol exceeds 500 million gallons for both 2016 and 2017. To date, the conventional ethanol gap has been filled primarily by increasing the use of biodiesel and renewable diesel. At the same time, the EPA raised the biomass-based diesel ("biodiesel") mandate from 1.9 billion gallons in 2016, to 2.0 billion gallons in 2017, and 2.1 billion gallons in 2018. Additionally, the EPA has reduced the total advanced biofuels mandate by less than the reduction in the cellulosic mandate, resulting in increased mandates for undifferentiated advanced biofuels which include biodiesel and renewable diesel.


Elevations in low‐density lipoproteins (LDL), very‐low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and triglycerides (TG) in the postprandial state have a strong genetic component and recognized atherogenic potential. We sought to determine if there is a difference in postprandial lipaemia following an oral fat tolerance test when stratified by genotype at the SORT1 1p13 locus, the strongest LDL‐cholesterol associated locus identified to date. Thirty, healthy young adults (age=23.57) received a high fat, mixed meal (91 g, 55% kcal from fat). Blood samples drawn at fasting, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hrs postprandial, underwent comprehensive lipoprotein analyses via nuclear magnetic resonance profiling. At fasting, VLDL particles differed based upon SORT1 genotype (TT: 48.81±5.07 nmol/L versus TC/CC: 30.05±2.99 nmol/L, p=0.004). Major, risk allele homozygotes (TT) had significantly elevated area‐under‐the‐curve and mean concentration for VLDL particles, TG and VLDL‐TG (p<0.05). These results indicate increased fasting and postprandial exposure to atherogenic particles in TT homozygotes. This highlights SORT1 as a valuable target for identifying individuals for early, personalized interventions to prevent atherosclerosis.


A new slab heating control system was developed to reduce energy consumption and improve slab heating quality in continuous reheating furnaces. The new control system is characterized mainly by: 1) online optimization of the reference trajectory of slab temperature through online simulations with a physical model of the plant (nonlinear, parameter-distributed model); 2) some speeding-up techniques for optimization processing. The control has been verified effective through simulations and actual operations at a commercial plant.<<ETX>>


Objective:To establish an RP-HPLC for determination of baicalin in Yunfu Jinhua tablets.Methods: Baicalin was determinated by HPLC with a Phenomenex C_(18) column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)with UV detection at 280 nm,the mobile phase was contained of acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid(30:70:0.1),the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min~(-1),the column temperature was 40℃.Results :The linear range of baicalin was within 8.3-83.0μg ·mL~(-1),r=0.9999.The mean recovery(RSD) was 98.6% (1.5%) ,98.9% (1.5%) ,99.7%(1.1%)(n=3) respectively.Conclusion:This method is simple,practical,accurate and can be used for the quality control of Yunfu Jinhua tablets.


This book combines the proceedings of Symposium O, Advanced Microsystems - Integration with Nanotechnology and Biology, and Symposium R, Three-Dimensional Nanoengineered Assemblies II, both from the 2004 MRS Spring Meeting in San Francisco. The book addresses scientific and technology challenges in materials science for advanced nano- and Microsystems - self-assembled materials; interfacial sciences and novel microsystems/microdevices; nanoparticle synthesis and applications; nanomaterials and nanofabrications in microsystems and microdevices; tissue engineering; integrated microanalysis; and nano- and biomicrosystems and devices. Symposium R aimed to advance the practice and progress of nanoengineering in three dimensions. Novel approaches to materials processing and applications for >2D structures that will advance present practice, even if they cannot yet be applied to the nanometer scale, are featured. Included are contact-based processing schemes such as soft lithography, template transfer, self-assembly, biological or biomimetic interactions, and various mass transport processes. The manipulation of nanoparticles and plasmon processes is also addressed, as are three-dimensional photonic structures - even if they are not yet on the nanoscale.


We propose methods to determine beam-forming excitation phase profiles for arbitrarily oriented arrays of antennas and scatterers, made of arbitrarily polarized elements. Our generalized analytical phasing (GAP) method provides rapid near-optimal phasing, enabling real-time beam steering with high-element-count, and dynamically configured arrays. In addition, we propose a reduced-order numerical phasing (RONP) method that converts an N-dimensional unknown parameter space (the N unknown phases) to a 2-D space (the optimal beam polarization). Though not as fast as the GAP, this method introduces no reduction in phasing accuracy. Both methods are suitable for a wide range of antenna array and metasurface designs.


According to D. A. Hurter, who directed an Arthur D. Little Inc. impact study of the changing world automobile industry through 2000, there will be a decline in automobiles imported to the U.S. because of the expected increases in the U.S. manufacture of vehicles with fuel-efficient features; the demand for greater fuel economy in the U.S. domestic market has outweighed the increasing strict federal fuel-economy requirements as the main incentive for domestic manufacturers; and the trend toward smaller, more fuel-efficient vehicles will continue. According to a report by the European Economic Community Commission, European car manufacturers have promised the Commission that they will cut the average fuel consumption of family cars by 10% between now and 1985. The Commission will be instrumental in monitoring the implementation of national fuel-saving efforts, which will be based on the ''Geneva A 70'' method of measuring fuel consumption.


Abstract. Galdikas BM, Linsky RE, Djojoasmoro R, Lorenz J, Wagner RS. 2023. A 50 year decennial survey of male Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) with supplemental genetic analysis in Tanjung Puting National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2587-2595. This study investigates the declining presence of adult males in a protected wild population of Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) at the Camp Leakey study area in Tanjung Puting National Park (TPNP), Central Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. Orangutan populations are in decline due to habitat destruction and fragmentation. Documenting changes within existing orangutan populations over time is important to understand demographic changes that may indicate pre-extinction processes and imminent collapse. Wild orangutan behavior has been studied at Camp Leakey since 1971. Observations of orangutans over the past five decades have documented a greatly decreased number of encounters with flanged adult males. A supplementary six-month genetic study was hindered by the fact that only two adult males briefly appeared in the study area in 2016 as compared to 40 adult male encounters in the same time period in 1976. The decline which appears most visible in data from 1986 to 1996 continues into 2006 and 2016. Genotypes from 24 wild adult orangutans encountered in 2016 were analyzed to assess the expected genetic parameters of a wild orangutan population. Pairwise relatedness was high among and between adult females and subadult males. The only two flanged males present during the genetic survey shared zero pairwise relatednesses. However, both flanged males had non-zero pairwise relatedness with other members of the Camp Leakey community and thus it is likely they were from different local areas. These data show the genetic consequences of the observed demographic changes. As TPNP forests have become disconnected from neighboring habitats, natural orangutan male dispersal may be disrupted. Disruption of male dispersal would increase the risk of accelerated extirpation for the orangutan population in TPNP as well as other orangutan populations, especially those that are remnant and less protected.


Abstract In previous years, the start-up and operation of ozone systems at U.S. municipal water and wastewater treatment facilities has resulted in numerous problems. Some of these problems were of such a magnitude that the operating agency decided to abandon the ozone system. In other cases, the system is operating and the problems are resolved. An investigation of 11 U.S. facilities was conducted to determine what problems were experienced and how the problems were resolved.


Abstract A flag domain in ℝ 3 {\mathbb{R}^{3}} is a subset of ℝ 3 {\mathbb{R}^{3}} of the form { ( x , y , t ) : y < A  ( x ) } {\{(x,y,t):y<A(x)\}} , where A : ℝ → ℝ {A\colon\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}} is a Lipschitz function. We solve the Dirichlet and Neumann problems for the sub-elliptic Kohn–Laplacian △ ♭ = X 2 + Y 2 {\bigtriangleup^{\flat}=X^{2}+Y^{2}} in flag domains Ω ⊂ ℝ 3 {\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{3}} , with L 2 {L^{2}} -boundary values. We also obtain improved regularity for solutions to the Dirichlet problem if the boundary values have first order L 2 {L^{2}} -Sobolev regularity. Our solutions are obtained as sub-elliptic single and double layer potentials, which are best viewed as integral operators on the first Heisenberg group. We develop the theory of these operators on flag domains, and their boundaries.


Flat-ended or wedge-shaped rigid punch problem is considered in this paper. The punch is with one end sliding and the other end with a sharp corner coming into a half-plane. The model of the punch is that the flat-end punch is inclined by an angle e or the wedge-shaped punch with e is pushed vertically. A crack is assumed to be initiated from the end with the corner, and Coulomb's frictional force exists on the contact region. The general solution of the problem is derived in an analytical way, and the relation among the vertical load on the punch, rotating angle of the punch, and the contact length is found. Stress intensity factors of the edge crack are calculated in different cases. The resultant moments at the origin of the coordinates are also calculated, which can be used to decide the position of the vertical force on the punch.


The aim of this study was to determine the quality changes of anchovy (Engraulis engrasicholus, L. 1758) and bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix, L. 1766) due to a multiple freezing-thawing process. The samples were stored in straphor plate at -30 oC and thawed in a refrigerator (+4 ± 1 oC, 16 h), microwave (180 W, 15 m) and in running water (+21 ± 1 oC, 2h) for 15 day periods. Sensory, pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N) analyses were performed. It was determined that the quality of samples thawed in water and a refrigerator decreased to the "spoiled" level after the 3th thawing process and the quality of samples thawed in a microwave spoiled after the 4th thawing process. However, consumption of the fish after the 1st thawing process is recommended.


This paper mainly discusses the negative mentality of librarian and corresponding impact.Based on the characteristics of the career of librarian,this article tries to explore the effective ways and solutions to the problems caused by negative mentality.


Understanding long-term trends in hydroclimatic variables is important for future sustainable water resource management as it could show the possible regime shifts in hydrology. The main objective of this study was to analyze the homogeneity and trends of hydroclimatic data of Upper Awash Sab-Basin (UASB) in Oromia, Ethiopia, by employing homogeneity tests and Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope tests. The data consist of 18 rainfall stations, 8 temperature stations, and 8 flow gauging stations across the UASB. Homogeneity and trends in streamflow, rainfall, and temperature variables were analyzed for the time period 1980 to 2017. In order to analyze homogeneity of hydroclimatic variables, we used four homogeneity tests (Pettitt's test, Buishand's test, standard normal homogeneity test, and von Neumann ratio test) at 5% significance level. Based on the outputs of four homogeneity tests, the results were classified into three categories, namely, "useful," "doubtful," and "suspect" to select the homogeneity stations. Mann-Kendall (Z) and Sen's slope tests (Q) were applied for the selected homogeneous time series to detect the trend and magnitude of changes in hydroclimatic variables. The result showed that most of the stations in annual rainfall and streamflow data series were classified as useful. It is found that 58% of the rainfall stations were homogeneous. It is highlighted that 3 out of 8 discharge gauging stations have an inhomogeneity as they failed from one or a combination of the four tests. The MK revealed significant decreasing trends of annual rainfall in Addis Alem (Q = −19.81), Akaki (Q = −5.60), Hombole (Q = −9.49), and Ghinch (Q = −12.38) stations. The trend of annual temperature was a significant increasing trend in Addis Ababa Bole (Q = 0.05), Addis Ababa Tikur Ambessa (Q = 0.03), Tulu Bolo (Q = 0.07), and Addis Alem (Q = 0.06) stations. The results of discharge showed a significant increasing trend in Bega at Mojo (Q = 0.17) and Hombole (Q = 0.03) gauging stations. In general, the results obtained from discharge, rainfall, and temperature series indicated that most of the stations exhibited no trends in both annual and seasonal time series. It can be concluded that decreases in average annual rainfall totals and increases in mean annual temperature will probably drive sub-basin scale changes in discharge. We believe that the results obtained can fill information gaps on homogeneity and trends of hydroclimatic variables, which is very crucial for future water resource planning and management in the face of climate change.


Precise electricity demand forecasting is necessary for power sector planning. Electricity consumption is typically governed by variation in severaleconomic and demographic variables including population, GDP and income per capita. In this study, relationship has been investigated between electrical power demand and the selected independent variables through correlation matrix. Univariate time series and econometric models have been developed to estimate electrical power demand for next fifteen years in Pakistan. Influence of chosen variables on electricity consumption has been employed for demand forecasting through multiple linear regression model. Validity of proposed model has been tested and results from both models are compared. This research would provide a quantitative analysis in order to support strategic planning and policy making for power sector from medium to long time frame.


Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, D-50829 Cologne, Germany (B.D., M.v.K.); Institute of Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (B.D., M.v.K.); Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences "From Complex Traits Towards Synthetic Modules," 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (B.D., M.v.K.); Università degli Studi di Milano-DiSAA, 20133 Milan, Italy (E.T., G.V., L.R.); Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 7144165186 Shiraz, Iran (E.T.); Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Genomics Research Centre, 29017 Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Italy (A.T., L.C.); Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wu Ling Area of China, Key Laboratory of State Ethnic Affairs Commission for Biologica Technology, College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China (X.X.); and Parco Tecnologico Padano, Loc. Cascina Codazza, 26900 Lodi, Italy (L.R.)


The Berkeley MET5, funded by EUREKA, is the world's highest-resolution EUV projection lithography tool. With a 0.5-numerical aperture (NA) Schwartzchild objective, the Berkeley MET5 is capable of delivering 8-nm resolution for dense line/space patterns. In order to achieve this resolution, optical aberrations must be accurately characterized and compensated, a task that is complicated by the difficulty in finding a bright, high quality reference wave, and nonlinear effects associated with high incident angles on interferometry targets. The Berkeley MET5 was designed with an in-situ lateral shearing interferometer (LSI) to provide real-time wavefront diagnostics alongside its imaging capabilities.

The geometry of the MET5 makes it a particularly difficult optical system to measure interferometrically. Unlike EUV production tools, the 2-bounce Schwartzchild design is non-telecentric at the image, with an image plane whose normal vector is tilted 1.12 degrees with respect to the optical axis. Shearing interferometers have shown good results measuring EUV wavefronts at low to medium NAs (0.1 - 0.33) with telecentric geometry. However, to accommodate the MET5 geometry, a generalized model of LSI was developed to inform the design and build of a lateral shearing interferometer capable of operating at high-NA and with a tilted image plane. This model predicts non-negligible systematic errors that must be compensated in the analysis.

Specialized pinhole arrays were patterned onto the mask to fill the pupil with spatially filtered light that is incoherently multiplexed from multiple apertures. Due to the relatively large amount of DC flare compared with the signal in the interferograms, illumination profiles were chosen to match the NA of the obscuration so that zero-order light coming through the mask absorber is blocked in the pupil, which results in a finite coherence function width. Because of this, the design of the arrays required balancing the efficiency of the pattern while maintaining enough separation between apertures to accommodate the coherence function width.

Analysis of the interferometric data shows a total RMS wavefront error of 0.6 nm after removal of systematic errors predicted by the LSI model. The bulk of this error lies in astigmatism and coma terms which can be corrected by field position and small adjustments to the alignment of the Schwartzchild optic respectively. The aberration signature of this wavefront is in good agreement with preliminary print data of aberration targets according to aerial image modeling of these features.

The interferometric capability of the Berkeley MET5 is an indispensable part of commissioning the tool, and will allow for the diagnosing and monitoring of tool performance as it begins user operations in the coming months.


In sociological perspective,the children of vulnerable groups receiving a good education has some social significance,which Conducive to the form a reasonable social class structure and to prevent the emergence of social fracture,help enhance the upward mobility of human capital and to eliminate the intergenerational transmission of poverty,Contribute to form modern social stratification mechanism and promote social justice,and help achieve fully socialization and eliminate the structural strain of society.


The carcasses of 37 Cebus albifrons, Colombia (19 male, 17 female, 1 unknown) with ages ranging from premature stillborn to 8 yr, were analyzed for body composition. The absolute content of water, protein, fat, and ash were determined by standard techniques and were analyzed as functions of carcass weight and age. The weight of the carcass was directly proportional to the whole body weight over the entire range of weights studied. All parameters but fat were linearly related to carcass weight; the relationships of protein and water to age were best described by exponential equations, whereas that of ash to age was linear. Variability in the fat content of the carcass precluded the fitting of predictive equations on the basis of either weight or age. Analysis of the relative (percent) composition of both the whole and fat‐free carcass provided exponential equations to describe the pattern of development of protein, water, and their ratio. Using these mathematical models, it was calculated that chemical maturity, with regard to water and protein, probably occurred by 8 wk of age. Percent ash composition of whole carcass and fat‐free carcass was described by linear equations.


As the dissolution of metals ions in living tissues is an issue of primary importance in the field of surgical implant alloys, a rotating disk scratch technique has been used to examine this aspect by studying the potentiostatic repassivation behavior of pure titanium of commercial grade 11 and AISI 316L Stainless Steel (SS) samples in aqueous chloride solutions. By evaluating the effects of applied potential, pH and surface treatment on the current decay transients in the millisecond regime the higher tendency to passivate of titanium with respect to the stainless steel has been clearly demonstrated. An analysis conducted to estimate the efficiency of the oxide formation process has led to the conclusion that the majority of the measured transient current goes to the anodic dissolution process on both the materials investigated. Moreover, a repetitive process of film formation/breakdown on the AISI 316L surface related to pitting corrosion has been observed to strongly increase the ion release in the vicinity of the characteristic pitting potentials.


We introduce the generalized almost ( φ , θ ) -contractions by means of comparison type functions and another kind of mappings endowed with specific properties in the setting of dualistic partial metric spaces. Also, generalized almost θ -Geraghty contractions in the setting of dualistic partial metric spaces are defined by the use of a function of Geraghty type and another adequate auxiliary function. For these classes of generalized contractions, we have stated and proved the existence and uniqueness of a best proximity point.


This paper is based on CNKI and CSSCI database, using VOSviewer visualization software, analyzes and explores the thematic features in the studies of fine traditional Chinese culture from the number of publications, time and journal distribution, the co-occurrence of key words, and the co-citation of Authors and documents. The research found that: the research on fine traditional Chinese culture has a broad social foundation and full academic discussion; its explosive growth in recent years is closely related to the encouragement and promotion of national power. The research topics focus on the four aspects: national governance and cultural construction, educational development, contemporary value and significance of traditional culture, cultivation and practice. It has strong real-world social concerns, interweaving and interaction with national cultural construction, as well as the concentration of direction and the diversity of horizons. It is an academic response to the development of the country and the times, and promotes the inheritance and development of contemporary Chinese cultural values.


The objective was to examine the impact of different types of accommodations on performance in content tests such as mathematics. The meta-analysis included 14 U.S. studies that randomly assigned school-aged English language learners (ELLs) to test accommodation versus control conditions or used repeated measures in counter-balanced order. Individual effect sizes (Glass's d) were calculated for 50 groups of ELLs and 32 groups of non-ELLs. Individual effect sizes for English language and native language accommodations were classified into groups according to type of accommodation and timing conditions. Means and standard errors were calculated for each category. The findings suggest that accommodations that require extra printed materials need generous time limits for both the accommodated and unaccommodated groups to ensure that they are effective, equivalent in scale to the original test, and therefore more valid owing to reduced construct-irrelevant variance. Computer-administered glossaries were effective even when time limits were restricted. Although the Plain English accommodation had very small average effect sizes, inspection of individual effect sizes suggests that it may be much more effective for ELLs at intermediate levels of English language proficiency. For Spanish-speaking students with low proficiency in English, the Spanish test version had the highest individual effect size (+1.45).


A study was conducted to identify beetle species attacking woods during their storage at several timber trading businesses located in Bantaeng, South Sulawesi. The attacked beetle species were identified according to their morphology and the condition of attacked woods including form, frass, tunnels and bored holes. Results showed that there were 12 families of beetles attacking different wood species at the research sites. Among them, eight families were identified as wood destroying beetles. They were Lyctidae attacking Vatica spp, Paraserianthes falcataria, Anisoptera spp, Durio spp; Cerambychidae attacking Cieba pentandra, Nephelium lappaceum, Lophopetallum spp, Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers; Bostrychidae attacking Erytrina cristagalli, Cieba pentandra, Mangifera indica; Buprestidae attacking Erytrina cristagalli; Anobiidae attacking Durio spp, Mangifera indica, Erytrina cristagalli, Ganua spp, Tectona grandis, Anisoptera spp, Hopea spp; Scolitydae attacking Erytrina cristagalli, Anthocephalus chinensis, Gmelina arborea, Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers, Durio spp; Platypodidea attacking Pterocarpus indicus Willd, Mangifera indica and Curculionidae attacking A. chinensis, Mangifera indica, Cieba pentandra, Lophopetallum spp. The other four beetle families (Nitidulidae, Haliplidae, Mordellidae, and Psephenidae) were known as unimportant beetles in wood deterioration.


Employee in the organization or customer from company can significantly affect the overall strength of security of the system as the human factor become the common problem that lead to damage or disaster. Unfortunately, most security solutions offered in the market do not consider user as a critical security element. In this study, it is proposed to evaluate the awareness of the user regarding information security problems from three type of antecedents, which are individual, institutional and environmental. In order to collect data, questionnaires have been sent to the users using systematic sampling based on the domain of pattern concern on the role of responsibility. The cluster analysis method was applied to sample of users in categories related to the various items represented in the type of antecedents. It has objective to place a set of object in such a way that have tendency to be similar to each other in one group and tend to be differ in the opposite group. Then, the development of SADAR emphasized four groups namely define, devote, discover and direct.


A showerhead tilt adjustment mechanism is provided which supports a showerhead module in a top plate of a semiconductor substrate processing apparatus, the showerhead tilt adjustment mechanism including a differential screw which provides coarse and fine adjustments to adjust gap/tilt/planarization of a faceplate of the showerhead module with respect to an upper surface of a substrate pedestal module adjacent the faceplate in the semiconductor substrate processing apparatus.


Sorafenib improves overall survival (OS) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the absence of objective response. Thus, time to tumor progression (TTP) is used to capture benefits of novel molecular agents, but proof of its surrogacy with survival is lacking. Furthermore, survival predictors upon progression are not established and there is a need to characterize postprogression survival (PPS) and assess with time‐dependent covariates analysis if it is influenced by progression pattern, and not solely by simultaneous impairment of liver function and performance status. We prospectively followed HCC patients treated with sorafenib. Clinical and biochemical evaluation were done every 4 weeks. Radiologic assessment of progression was done at week 4 and then every 8 weeks using RECIST 1.1. The progression pattern was divided into: intrahepatic/extrahepatic increase in tumor size, new intrahepatic lesion, and new extrahepatic lesion (NEH). We included 147 patients (hepatitis C virus [HCV] 57.1%, performance status [PS] 0 83.6%, Child‐Pugh A 82.3%, and BCLC‐C 47.3%). The median OS was 12.7 months and its independent predictors (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI]) were: baseline BCLC 2.49 [1.66‐3.73], PS 1.86 [1.12‐3.10], registration during follow‐up of Child‐Pugh B or Child‐Pugh C scores (2.36 [1.51‐3.69] and 2.89 [1.62‐5.15], respectively), definitive sorafenib interruption 2.48 [1.54‐4.01], and TTP 3.39 [1.89‐6.1]. The presence of NEH 2.42 [1.32‐4.44] is also an independent predictor of OS and PPS in patients with radiologic progression. Conclusion: Tumor progression is a surrogate of survival but its impact varies according to progression pattern. Thus, PPS is influenced by progression pattern and this is key in prognostic prediction and second‐line trial design and analysis. (Hepatology 2013; 58:2023–2031)


Control loop oscillations are a common type of plant-wide disturbance and the root causes can be one or more among poorly tuned controllers, process or actuator nonlinearities, presence of model-plant mismatch and oscillatory disturbances. The oscillations are the most prominent indications of deteriorated controller performance. This article addresses the detection and diagnosis of oscillations in measurements due to multiple sources under the framework of internal model control. A pattern recognition-based approach using cross-wavelet transforms is proposed to pinpoint the source(s) of oscillation in the control loop. The phase information in wavelet domain between input and output signals is exploited to diagnose the source of oscillation.


This chapter explores the responses to lack of orders that the warshipbuilders and other naval arms manufacturers undertook after 1926 and the collapse of the Coventry Ordnance Works. These ranged from the predictable (diversification) to the illegal (cartels and price fixing). The role the Admiralty, particularly Chatfield, played in allowing this cartel to operate is also examined.


Final disposal of high-level radioactive waste is not straightforward. The aim is to isolate the waste from the biosphere over timescales that are long compared to recorded human history. Aside fro ...


In our previous research, we have proposed a parallel flow monitoring method in which the end-to-end delay is accurately measured. The method increases delay samples of a target flow by utilizing the observation results of other flows sharing the source/destination with the target flow. In this paper, we extend this method to loss measurement, and enable it to fully utilize information of all flows including flows with different source and destination. Through NS-3 simulations, we confirmed that the proposed method reduces error of loss rate estimations by 57.5% on average.


With the development of social economy there is an intensifying contradiction between supply and need in the construction market. The intensive overcompelition has resulted in, tp certain extent, a disorder in the market. This paper, in accordance with the present situation in our countries, malyses and discusses the frontier problems which affect the normal development of the construction market and which also need special solution. It also proposes that responsibility systems of investors should be established so as to standardize the behaviors of real estate owners; that competitive market orders should he normalized so as to optimize whole structure of contractors; that the system of tracing responsibility for quality should be established so as to produce standard construction products; that present calculation approaches of engineering coat should be reformed so as to spread the new mechanism of separating quality and price; that trade markets in existence should be completed so as to promote the service management and so forth, thus maturing and completing further the mechanism of construction market, in order to develop the construction market orderly and healthily and to ensure that our country' s construction industry will be more competitive in the big circulation of world economy.


Direct electron optical study has been carried out for anodic film grown on substrates comprising an aluminium layer superimposed on nickel (Ni-Al bilayer) in 0.05M oxalic acid electrolyte. The latter was expected to provide the conditions for thorough barrier layer dissolution at the nickel/alumina interface in order to produce nanoporous templates suitable for Ni electrochemical deposition and forming metallic nanowires suitable for direct multifunctional applications


The invention provides an information providing method and apparatus, an information display method and a mobile terminal and an information providing system. The information providing method includes a recognition step of recognizing an image-capture position, in the real world, at which a captured image was captured; a retrieval step of retrieving information that is associated with the image-capture position, which has been recognized in the recognition step, and the captured image; and a provision step of providing the information, which has been retrieved in the retrieval step, as overlay information that is to be displayed so as to be superimposed on the captured image.


For any integers nand i with n≥i≥0,let(ni)=n!/(i!(n-i)!)be a binomial coefficient.For any nonnegative integer l,let Flbe the l-th Fibonacci number.Further,for any fixed nonnegative integer kand any fixed positive integer n,let f(k,3,n)denotes the convolution of sequence{(ni)}ni=0and{F~3_(k+i)}ni=0,namely,f(k,3,n)=(n0)F~3_k+(n1)F~3_(k+1)+…+(nn)F~3_(k+n).It is proved that f(k,3,n)=1/5(2~nF_(3k+2n)-(-1)~(k+n)3F_(k-n))or f(k,3,n)=1/5(2~nF_(3k+2n)+3F_(n-k))according to k≥nor not.


【Objective】 It can provide scientific basis for the improvement of the ecological environment to explore the dynamic variation of groundwater in Luohuiqu irrigation district.【Method】 Groundwater level dynamic under natural-artificial-biological conditions was studied with measured data as example based on application of BP network of three layers.The additional momentum method and self adaptive tactic for training were adopted;sensitivity analysis about groundwater depth was conducted according to each factor by using default factor method;and the grey correlation analysis method was applied to analyze the relations between factors and groundwater depth.【Result】 The results show that the artificial neural network model can express quantitatively the response relationship between groundwater level dynamic and various factors with sufficient high accuracy.The evaporation is the main factor affecting groundwater level dynamic in this irrigation district,and the interrelationship amongst various factors form coupling relationship under the complicated condition.The ranking results correspond to the analysis results about sensitive factors basically,and the grey correlation analysis method can also verify the sensitivity degree amongst various factors.【Conclusion】 It is feasible and practical to combine the two methods in the appraisal of groundwater level dynamic in irrigation district,which supplements and perfects the traditional research methods of groundwater level dynamic.


In this work, we investigate the localization properties of a paradigmatic model, coupled to a monitoring environment and possessing a many-body localized (MBL) phase. We focus on the post-selected no-click limit with quench random rates, i.e., random gains and losses. In this limit, the system is modeled by adding an imaginary random potential, rendering non-Hermiticity in the system. Numerically, we provide an evidence that the system is localized for any finite amount of disorder. To analytically understand our results, we extend the quantum random energy model (QREM) to the non-Hermitian scenario. The Hermitian QREM has been used previously as a benchmark model for MBL. The QREM exhibits a size-dependent MBL transition, where the critical value scales as $W_c\sim \sqrt{L} \ln{L}$ with system size and presenting many-body mobility edges. We reveal that the non-Hermitian QREM with random gain-loss offers a significantly stronger form of localization, evident in the nature of the many-body mobility edges and the value for the transition, which scales as $W_c\sim \ln^{1/2}{L}$ with the system size.


Light scattering metrology has become more and more important with the development of cutting-edge optical components and systems. Light scattering is also a very versatile tool for the characterization of nanostructures and defects. While optical engineering and manufacturing are striving for ever increasing resolution of optical devices and lowest optical losses, the demands for highly resolved light scattering metrology have become extremely challenging. In this sense, "highly resolved" means: (i) measurements with high angular resolution, not just in one plane but within the entire scattering sphere, (ii) small near-angle limits, (iii) highest sensitivities and lowest instrument signatures close to or even below the Rayleigh scattering limit, as well as (iv) at-wavelength operation and, more recently, spectral resolution. Instruments for scatter measurements developed at Fraunhofer IOF to meet these demands are presented together with practical examples of application comprising roughness, sub-surface damage, and defects of polished surfaces and thin film coatings. Compact tools like a table-top 3D scatterometer and a CMOS-based scatter sensor are presented. Finally, we report on the development of a new instrument for spectroscopic angle resolved scatter measurements based on an OPO tunable laser.


More and more in recent years, activities that people once did in the real world they now do in virtual space. In particular, online communities have become popular and efficient media for people all over the world to seek and share knowledge in domains that interest them. Such communities are called online knowledge communities (OKCs). Large-scale OKCs may comprise thousands of community members and archive many more online messages. As a result, problems such as how to identify and manage the knowledge collected and how to understand people's knowledge-sharing behaviors have become major challenges for leveraging online knowledge to sustain community growth. In this dissertation I examine three important factors of managing knowledge in OKCs. First, I focus on how to build successful profiles for community members that describe their domain expertise. These expertise profiles are potentially important for directing questions to the right people and, thus, can improve the community's overall efficiency and efficacy. To address this issue, I present a comparative study of models of expertise profiling in online communities and identify the model combination that delivers the best results. Next, I investigate how to automatically assess the information helpfulness of user postings. Due to the voluntary nature of online participation, there is no guarantee that all user-generated content (UGC) will be helpful. It is also difficult, given the sheer amount of online postings, for knowledge seekers to find information quickly that satisfies their informational needs. Therefore, I propose a theory-driven text classification framework based on the knowledge adoption model (KAM) for predicting the helpfulness of UGC in OKCs. I test the effectiveness of this framework at both the thread level and the post level of online messages.


This paper presents a algorithm for locating the core point of fingerprint based on the directional image. The method uses gray gradient method to get the fingerprint directional image,and according block search gets the center position and then locates the core point using the Poincare index algorithm. The algorithm is simple,rapid and good robustness.


For young people who have opted to continue their education post-sixteen, it is difficult to overstate the importance of the independent learning which takes place in the Sixth Form. Typically, the balance between classroom teaching and private study shifts dramatically at this point and individuals who intend to go on to university find themselves having to put in place strategies that will stand them in good stead for the next stage of their academic lives, in addition to serving their current needs.Facilitating Effective Sixth Form Independent Learning is a comprehensive guide for educators looking to support independent learning in the Sixth Form. It takes the reader on a step-by-step journey showing how an appropriate teaching programme may be set up and offers proven tools and strategies that can be adopted in the classroom. The book advises on how a worthwhile research question may be formulated and establishes the importance of teaching unifying methodologies, in addition to individual techniques, before various means of finding information are identified. It develops an approach to help students think systematically about the available options and considers methods for evaluating information and managing time. The book then addresses the construction of essays and reports and then guides readers through understanding and implementing the Information/Writing Interaction Model (IWIM). Further coverage includes strategies for countering plagiarism and numerous suggestions for promoting student reflection.Rigorous yet accessible and featuring numerous practical examples, Facilitating Effective Sixth Form Independent Learning is an essential resource for educators working in a world where developing independent learning skills is not an option, but essential.


Although heart disease is still the major cause of death in the world, cardiovascular mortality rate has decreased over the past years, which is mainly related to invention of different types of circulatory assist devices. Therefore, focus of recent studies lies at developing the cardiovascular assist technologies to further decrease mortality rate. Currently, impeller-driven and centrifugal pumping technologies are the state of art for artificial heart applications. These types of pumps are able to lengthen lives, however their operation produces blood damage(hemolysis) which makes them not suitable for long-term applications. A natural solution to the need to artificially pump blood over long time frames while accruing less blood damage can be found in peristaltic pumps. The peristaltic pump design discussed herein mimics the heart's natural operation by using magnetoactive elastomers that respond to the presence of external electromagnetic fields. Utilization of a magnetorheological (MR) elastomer rather than rotating rollers could constitute a materials-based solution for solving the mechanical issue of hemolysis by avoiding impellers. Additionally, the mechanism produces desirable pulsatile flow. In this work, a magnetically driven peristalsis pumping mechanism is proposed and simulated using fully coupled finite element simulations in COMSOL Multiphysics. The primary goal of this work is to develop high(er) fidelity simulation of the working peristaltic pump in order to determine how design factors and the pumping mechanism affects hemolysis. Power law damage metrics, beyond basic flow shear stresses, were used to compare the hemolysis index in the proposed model with the results from previous works. Results show that blood damage at higher magnetic fields strength was larger than weaker applied magnetic field. Regardless of the magnetic field strength, average blood damage was higher approaching the outlet versus the inlet. In addition, this study shows the efficacy of the device geometry and means of operation which can be intermediate optima pointing toward possible optimization of peristaltic pump to increase the efficacy of the pump.


Jeanette Winterson is a born storyteller who denies autobiography its right
to represent the self as single and fixed. Her short story "The Poetics of Sex"
explores the multiple ways in which a writer's life and work may be confused. The
lesbian love story of the narrator, Sappho, and a painter called Picasso is unusually
presented as a combination of genres. On the one hand, it parodies the form of the
interview. Two unnamed voices take turns in the text, asking questions and
providing answers. Both speakers use the same code, English, but the
communicative situation is unsuccessful because the speakers approach one
another from utterly different cultural perspectives, which modify what would
otherwise be the same reality. On the other hand, the narrator in "The Poetics of
Sex" codifies her responses and presents them as an eroticized romance narrative
that the interviewer -intratextually- and the reader -extratextually- will have
to decodify in their search for autobiographical details, since characters are
presented as "subjects-in-process" (Kristeva) intent on the mutual (re)presentation
of each other's identities.


This research aims to find out and analyze 1) the influence of customer value  on purchasing decisions, 2) the influence of green marketing on purchasing decisions, 3) the influence of social media marketing on purchasing decisions, 4) the influence of trust  on purchasing decisions, 5) the effect of trust mediation in the relationship between customer value  and purchasing decisions, 6) the effect of trust mediation in the relationship between green marketing and purchasing decisions, 7) the effect of trust mediation in the relationship between social media marketing and purchasing decisions.
The Sampling method of this study is purposive sampling. The sample size amounted to 115 samples distributed to herbalife customer respondents in Banjarmasin (South Kalimantan). The data analysis used is SEM analysis (Structural Equation Model) using Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis technique.
The results of this study proved that 1) customer value has significant influence on purchasing decisions; 2) green marketing has not significant influence on purchasing decisions; 3) social media marketing has significant influence on purchasing decisions; 4) trust has significant influence on purchasing decisions; 5) trust has the effect of mediation in the relationship between customer value and purchasing decisions; 6) trust has no effect mediation in the relationship between green marketing and purchasing decisions; 7) trust has no effect mediation in the relationship between social media marketing and purchasing decisions


A major limitation of the conventional polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) catalysts is the fast oxidative degradation of their carbon black supports. Complete replacement of carbon black is difficult because of its low‐cost and high electrical conductivity. Reported here are the development and optimization of composite‐supported Pt catalysts and the electrosprayed cathode catalyst layer with these catalysts for PEMFC. These catalysts are supported by a composite of carbon black (Vulcan XC‐72R) and the electrochemically much more stable carbon‐embedded niobium‐doped titanium dioxide nanofibers (C/Nb0.1Ti0.9O2). Four different catalyst supports with 20 wt.% Pt were prepared by air spraying and electrospraying to compare their activity and stability. Vulcan XC‐72R and C/Nb0.1Ti0.9O2 were tested as pristine support materials for comparison as well as 1:3 and 3:1 mixtures by weight of the two pristine support materials (composite supports). The amount of Nafion in the catalyst ink was optimized for each catalyst layer by a volumetric method. An increase in carbon black content of the support layer from 0% to 100% increases the performance of these catalysts in H2/air PEMFCs but also increases the loss of oxygen reduction reaction mass activity. The best balance between PEMFC performance and durability was obtained for the Pt catalyst with 25% carbon black in the support layer, while the highest initial oxygen reduction reaction mass activity was obtained for the catalyst with 75% carbon black content. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract Two new olefin-Cu(I) coordination polymers, i.e. [Cu6(DMBVBP)Cl8]n (1) and [Cu6(DMBVBP)Br8]n (2) (DMBVBP = 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-bis(4-vinylbenzyl) piperazine), were synthesized through the solvothermal reactions of CuCl, CuBr and 2,5-dimethyl piperazine and further characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, as well as powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The title complexes crystallized in the monoclinic P-1 space group, both featuring a one-dimensional chain. Their fluorescent properties were also investigated.


The mobility of Na+ ions has been measured at 313 K in Ne, at 314.5 K in Ar, and at 311 K in CH4 in the pressure range 0.05–1.2 Torr, over the E/N range 3–123 Td in Ne, 6–409 Td in Ar, and 13–520 Td in CH4 (E is the electric field strength, N the neutral gas number density, and 1 Td=10−17 V cm2). The measurements were made with a continuous guard‐ring system which is different from conventional thin or thick type. The zero‐field reduced mobilities are found to be 7.90±0.19 in Ne, 3.01±0.07 in Ar, and 2.58±0.06 cm2/V s in CH4, which are about +17.3%, +6.24%, and −8.53% higher than the Langevin polarization‐limit mobilities, respectively. The mobility data in Ne and Ar have been compared with those of others over the whole E/N range. The longitudinal diffusion coefficients were also measured and compared with the data compiled by Ellis et al. and the theoretical values calculated by the generalized Einstein relations.


The present study had as objective to evaluate in vitro the resistance of endophytic bacteria and rizospheric bacteria to different concentrations of Cadmium.This bacteria were isolated fron different tissues of commercial rice varieties and from bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere in rice plantations of the Nechi (Antioquia) and Achi (Bolivar).  Plant growth promotion was evaluated in vitro by nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and siderophores production of endophytic bacteria. Of each tissue isolated from rice plants was carried out isolation in culture medium for endophytic bacteria, and the soil samples were serially diluted in peptone water. Each sample was determined the population density by counting in CFU / g of tissue and morphotypes were separated by shape, color, size and appearance in culture media. Significant differences were observed for density population of bacteria with respect to tissue, with higher values in root (4x1011 g/root), followed of the stem (3x1010g/etem), leaf (5x109 g/ leaf), flag leaf (3x109 g/ flag leaf) and with less density in panicle (4x108 g/panicle). The results of the identification with kit API were confirmed the presence of endophytic bacteria Burkholderia cepaceae and rizospheric bacteria Pseudomona fluorescens With the ability to tolerate different concentrations of Cd, fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphates and produce siderophores.


Objective:In the florescence of Cornus officinalis,we observe the change in temperature and humidity for exploring the relationship between ecological factors and the flowering habit of C.officinalis.Method:We measure temperature ,humidity and the number of blooming every 2 h in the sequence 5 day and night of the florescence of C.officinalis.Result:we find that in a day,the blooming time of C.officinalis is from 6∶ 00 to 16∶ 00,and the blooming time is from 8∶00 to 14∶00 when more than 84 percent buds effloresced.The best temperature of blooming is from 10 ℃ to 14℃ ,and the needful humidity is from 45 percent to 55 percent.Conclusion:Appropriating temperature and humidity is a necessary condition for flowering of C.officinalis.So we think the ecological factors is closely related to flowering of C.officinalis.