The method involves using memory arrangements (HLR) for storing subscriber data of mobile subscribers, and a billing arrangement (BC) for recording call-related data records and for determining a respective call pricing. Exchange arrangements are used for switching signalling and usage data connections, whereby at least one of the arrangements branches the call to a service control point (SCP) for the control of intelligent networks. By use of the service control point one or several zones (HOZ0, CIZ0, OFZ0) are defined for each individual mobile subscriber, through grouping of radio cells (e.G. C1. C6) and/or of areas (e.G. LA1. LA4) of residency. The zones are associated respectively with a geographical position of the mobile subscriber and tariffs are assigned to the zones. The billing arrangement is informed about the zones and zone pricing for the mobile subscriber, which are used for the corresponding call pricing at a stay of the mobile subscriber in one of the zones.


Renewable energy is non-fossil energy derived from the nature and sustainable, also if properly managed, resources are depleted. The utilization of cooling water disposal on his boat as an energy-producing environment-friendly, by making use of the cooling water flow pressure machine ships as water turbine impeller assembled in such a way so it can generate electricity. Commercial ships usually have large size machines and most use large-capacity cooling system, so the cooling water flow capacity will be even greater as well. This prompted the opportunity to create an instrument for utilizing renewable energy flow of cooling water disposed in vain to rotate the propeller has been drafted into a micro hydro. And expected results can help reduce the workload of the auxiliary engines which will also have an impact on the reduction of fuel consumption. Fluid which flowed by the pump-the pump will rotate the intended water turbine that will generate electrical energy. When the ship sail, the lighting definitely need in each room, by using the electrical energy produced by the auxiliary engine, this water turbine can be applied then the fuel that had been used or consumed by the auxiliary engine can be replaced by the electric energy generated by the water turbines for light ships.


The closing session of the Conference was addressed by His Honour the Chief Justice, the Attorney-General, and Mr Robert Alexander QC. Unfortunately the remarks of the Chief Justice surveying the programme of the Conference were not recorded and cannot therefore be published. The address by the Attorney-General is published below.


Gestational gigantomastia is characterized by the rapid growth of breasts during pregnancy. The treatment method of gestational gigantomastia is unclear; if the medical treatment is ineffective, surgery is considered. However, sufficient research on which method is best to perform breast reconstruction for the gestational gigantomastia patient has not yet been conducted.
Our patient was young and had aesthetic needs; thus, we did not recommend modified radical mastectomy. However, it was difficult for the patient to consider active reconstruction using an implant or autologous tissue because of the expected complications and economic problems. The patient had a thin body shape and very large breasts compared to the trunk. Therefore, breast volume was not significantly required after reconstruction. Additionally, we expected that a considerable portion of skin would remain after mastectomy as a tubular-shaped breast. It was expected that the Goldilocks technique would be sufficient to meet the patient's volume needs. Therefore, we proceeded with total mastectomy and reconstruction using the Goldilocks procedure. No complications were recorded after the operation; most of the patient's discomfort was resolved, and the shape and size of the breasts were satisfactory.


Generalizing Karoubi's multiplicative K-theory and multiplicative cohomology groups for smooth manifolds we define secondary theories and characteristic classes for smooth etale groupoids. As special cases we obtain versions of the groups of differential characters for smooth etale groupoids and for orbifolds.


For most of the city public transport travelers, bus arrival time is a most important information. In the recent year popularity of Bus alert system has been increased to avoid passengers excessively long waiting time at bus stops. The bus alert system may contain micro-controller to process bus route information, RFID reader to read bus route and number arrive at bus stop, LCD to display bus route, bus number and bus arrival status information. The aim of this paper is to get bus time information and bus status like cancel or delay information for passengers who are available on the bus stop also providing flexibility for blind passenger to walk down to any bus route path to get the bus instead of any specific bus stop using wired and wireless technologies achieved through RS485 and RFID communication. Programming has been developed in Keil environment for ARM controller operation and MPLAB for PIC controller and VB programming for PC database to log the status of bus.


The multiphoton ionization of pyrimidine–(water)n clusters at conditions of supersonic expansion is studied using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer at the wavelengths of 355 and 532 nm. At both wavelengths, a series of protonated C4H4N2–(H2O)nH+ cluster ions are obtained. The production of these protonated cluster ions requires an intracluster proton transfer reaction. The protonated products are also suggested to relate to the excitation or ionization of water molecules. Ab initio calculations show that the dissociation of C4H4N2–(H2O)n+ cluster ions prefer to produce protonated ions. Two ways of producing protonated cluster ions are discussed. The reaction mechanism of intracluster proton transfer and the geometric structures of pyrimidine–(water)n clusters were depicted. The proton pulling effect and the atomic charge changes in the protonated cluster ions are also discussed.


We consider a discrete-time financial market model with L 1 risky asset price process subject to proportional transaction costs. In this general setting, using a dual martingale representation we provide sufficient conditions for the super-replication cost to coincide with the replication cost. Next, we study the convergence problem in a stationary binomial model as the time step tends to zero, keeping the proportional transaction costs fixed. We derive lower and upper bounds for the limit of the super-replication cost. In the case of European call options and for a unit initial holding in the risky asset, the upper and lower bounds are equal. This result also holds for the replication cost of European call options. This is evidence (but not a proof) against the common opinion that the replication cost is infinite in a continuous-time model.


High pressure vessels such as gun barrels,high pressure diesel pumps are autofrettaged in order to increase their operating pressure and fatigue life. Autofrettage process helps in reducing the stress level. Autofrettage process causes plastic expansion of the inner radius of the cylinder,thereby establishing the beneficial residual compressive stresses at the bore after the de-pressurisation.The stresses developed during the subsequent pressure application,has to overcome these compressive stresses before the tensile stresses can be developed. For autofrettaged cylinder, the depth of plastic zone, or overstrain is a key factor which affects load- bearing capacity and safety. In the current paper work, numerical simulation of the Autofrettage process was applied on to a cylinder of known dimensions with an objective to provide a better understanding of the stresses that are developed at high pressure.A comparison of reduction in stress levels between a Autofrettaged and Non- Autofrettaged cylinder has been done.It is observed that there is a reduction of 15.7% in maximum stress level for a Autofrettage pressure of 200MPa and an operating pressure of 180MPa . Also the maximum and minimum Autofrettage pressure required for autofrettage process to be carried out effeciently and the postion of maximum stresses for different autofrettage pressures have been discussed.


A total of 34 isolates of Cylindrobasidium evolvens were obtained from wounded Picea abies in five sample plots in Sweden and Lithuania. Population structure and genetic variation within the species were assessed by somatic incompatibility and arbitrary primed DNA (AP-DNA) analysis, using the M13 core sequence as a primer. All somatic incompatibility pairings between different C. evolvens isolates resulted in weak mycelial antagonism. The AP-DNA profiles indicate genetic variation was high in the species with no differentiation among isolates being found either on a large (more than 700 km) ( R 2 = 0·108) or a fine scale (200 m) ( R 2 = 0·024). In a plot, genetic similarity was significantly higher ( P


The effect of Quantum Gravity (QG) may bring a tiny light speed variation as v(E)=c(1−E/ELV), where E is the photon energy and ELV is a Lorentz violation scale. A remarkable regularity was suggested in previous studies to look for the light speed variation from high energy photon events of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). We provide a general analysis on the data of 25 bright GRBs observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (FGST). Such method allows a completed scan over all possibilities in a more clean and impartial way without any bias compared to previous intuitive analysis. The results show that with the increase in the intrinsic energies of photons, such regularity truly emerges and gradually becomes significant. For photons with intrinsic energies higher than 40 GeV, the regularity exists at a significance of 3–5 σ with ELV=3.6× 1017 GeV determined by the GRB data.


With increasing air pollution levels across the globe, there has been a significant increase in the global health crisis. But the problem remains unchecked in various parts of the world, due to the lack of low-cost and high accuracy air quality sensors. This paper proposes a new technique based on piezoelectric micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) to measure the amount of particulate matter (PM) suspended in the air. Commercially available PM sensors suffer from many disadvantages - namely size, cost, and accuracy. Previous attempts at using MEMS to measure PM have failed to make a significant impact due to the lack of a mechanism to sort the suspended particles based on their sizes and clear the sensing area from the particles after each measurement. The sensor proposed here, consisting of i) a piezoelectric resonating membrane, ii) a virtual impactor, and iii) a thermophoretic plate attempts to address the issues faced by other sensors, while achieving a very compact size and a significantly lower cost. On exposing the sensor to suspended particles in a container, a significant shift in the resonant frequency is observed, once the particles settle on the resonating membrane. The gradual shift in the resonant frequency supports the application of the proposed sensing solution to measure the mass of the PM in the air.


In the nationalized Czechoslovak film industry, between 1952 and 1956, eight very rare three-column screenplays appeared. The historical evidence of this different screenplay format has been overlooked by historians up to now. Three-column screenplays are not just a dead end of screenwriting
 practice; they can also be read as evidence of basic tendencies within the Czechoslovak film industry in the 1950s. One effect of nationalization of the film industry was the attempt to standardize the organization of script development. The administrative intervention caused the modification
 of the script format, but instead of standardization, the effect was a multitude of formats, of which the three-column technical screenplays were a by-product. In this article I read these three-column screenplays within the industry context of the first half of the 1950s in Czechoslovakia
 and offer an in-depth analysis of particular three-column screenplays.1


OBJECTIVES
The current study was carried out to examine the influence of aspirin (400 mg/kg of body weight) and gum acacia (one g/day) and their combination on pancreatic, intestinal mucosal enzymes, intestinal tissue iron and zinc after 21 days of treatment on experimental rats.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The treated rats were sacrificed and the pancreatic and intestinal lipase and amylase were measured photometrically. Moreover, zinc and iron level were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Intestinal sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

RESULTS
The results showed that treatment with aspirin caused a marked decrease in pancreatic lipase and amylase compared with that of the control group. This decrease in aspirin treated group was accompanied by significant increase in the intestinal amylase, lipase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) compared with the control group. On the other hand, gum combined with aspirin caused a significant increase in pancreatic and intestinal lipase, amylase accompanied with significant increase in intestinal ALP and LDH compared with that of the control group. Concentration of Zn in wet weight of intestine showed a significant decrease in aspirin and aspirin combined with gum groups but it was increased significantly in gum acacia treated group. Histological analysis revealed intestinal epithelial damage in aspirin treated rats, this damage was not noticed with gum acacia treatment. Co-administration of gum in combination with aspirin indicated some changes of denuded intestinal mucosal cells compared with that of the control.

CONCLUSIONS
Gum acacia exhibited a protective property that can ameliorate the alterations induced hazardous effect of aspirin treatment.


High-rise buildings play an important role in the spatial structure, composition and image of the city, as they are its spatial dominants and landmarks. The conditions of high-rise buildings perception in an urbanized landscape are changing in depending on the landscape-morphological conditions (the relief, the existence of the water area and the character of the coastline). Regularities of high-rise buildings' spatial organization in various natural-landscape situations are considered in the research; the basic principles of high-rise elements inclusion in structure of the urbanized landscape providing their harmonious interaction are formulated.


Chow (1985) reports strong evidence in favor of the permanent income hypothesis (PIH) using observations from 1953 to 1982 in China. We revisit this issue with rural area household data in China during the post economic reform regime (1978-2009) as well as the postwar US data for comparison. Our in-sample analysis provides strong evidence against the PIH for both countries. Out-of-sample forecast exercises also reveal that consumption changes are highly predictable. Our vector autoregressive (VAR) model analysis also shows significantly positive responses of consumption to income shocks, and non-negligible proportions of variations in consumption are explained by innovations in income.


Content analysis of middle years students' written responses reveal their understanding, appreciation, and interpretation of the artwork in The Wolf's Story: What Really Happened to Little Red Riding Hood.A PICTUREBOOK IS an aesthetic object, an art form (Bader, 1976) worthy of study by readers of all ages. In picturebooks, the total effect depends on the text, the illustrations, and the reciprocity between these two sign systems, where "we adjust our interpretation of the pictures in terms of the words and our interpretation of the words in terms of the pictures" (Sipe, 1998, p. 103). Many scholars have theorized about the relationship between the modes of image and writing in picturebooks, proposing terms, schemes, metaphors, and taxonomies to describe the associations between the visual and verbal texts. As well, the findings of several studies have revealed elementary and middle school students' articulate and complex interpretative responses to picturebooks (e.g., Pantaleo, 2008, 2010, 2012; Roser, Martinez, & Fowler-Amato, 2011; Sipe, 2008c).Picturebooks were one format of multimodal text used during the classroom-based research that is featured in this article. Although the research conducted with a class of grade 7 students had several overarching purposes, the two most relevant to this article were to investigate student development of visual meaning-making skills and competencies by focusing on specific visual elements of art and design in a selection of multimodal texts and to explore student comprehension, interpretation, and analysis of multimodal texts. This article focuses solely on the students' responses to and interpretations of some of the artwork in the picturebook The Wolf's Story: What Really Happened to Little Red Riding Hood by Toby Forward (2005). As a result of the content analysis of the students' written responses to this particular picturebook, point of view, framing, and color are the three semiotic resources of image featured in the discussions below.Brief overviews of relevant literature and the theoretical frameworks that guided the exploratory study with the grade 7 students are followed by descriptions of the research context, the instructional unit, and the procedures used for analyzing the students' written responses. Excerpts from the students' work reveal their observations and interpretations of particular images in The Wolf's Story. The article concludes with a consider - ation of various teaching and learning issues pertinent to the exploration of artwork in picturebooks in middle years classrooms.The Artwork of PicturebooksAccording to Sipe (2008b), "the literary understanding of picturebooks includes learning to read the visual text of the illustrational sequence" (p. 18). As art objects, picturebooks are invaluable sources "for developing [students'] visual aesthetic understanding" (Sipe, 2008a, p. 131). As well as understanding the role of visual images in the narrative of a picturebook, the art medium, the art style, the elements and principles of design, and the peritextual features can be considered when examining the images in picturebooks. However, critical exploration of picturebooks in relation to these features requires a process of close looking, where readers "go into the pictures in a systematic way" (Doonan, 1993, p. 19).The findings of numerous studies have revealed how students, regardless of their cultural or linguistic background, academic ability, or age, have articulated insightful interpretations of the artwork in picturebooks (e.g., Arizpe & Styles, 2003; Martens, Martens, Doyle, Loomis, & Aghalarov, 2012; O'Neil, 2011; Pantaleo, 2012; Sipe, 2008a; Walsh, 2003; Youngs, 2012). For example, the analysis of data gathered during a multifaceted study by Arizpe and Styles showed how capably the children, ages 4-11, "read colours, borders, body language, framing devices, covers, endpapers, visual metaphors and visual jokes" (p. …


The whole rolling contact fatigue (RCF) failure process from the early initiation of vertical cracks in medium carbon bainitic steel backup roll to deep spalling was investigated. The microstructures of the steel were studied based on observations using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). According to the microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel,the initiation mechanism of vertical cracks was clarified. It was found that it is the maximum tensile stress occurring at the trailing edge of asperity contact patch that caused the early nucleation of them. It can be deduced from RCF experiment results that the early formation of vertical cracks can be prevented through reducing surface roughness. According to the results,the backup rolls have been properly maintained,that is to say,the required grinding rates have been decreased and their effective service lives have been prolonged considerably.


This study aims to identify indicators of higher educations performance based on QS Stars, to design the higher educations performance based on QS-Stars Method, and to prove the trial and error of the application of higher education performance based on QS Stars and ICT Web. As one of the national education instruments in Indonesia both state and private, universities are expected to be the center of the implementation and development of higher education as well as the maintenance, fostering and development of science, technology and / or art as a scientific society that can improve the quality of life in the community, nation and state. As one of the National Higher Educations in Indonesia, Private University has a slightly different characteristic especially in the procurement and management of funds compared with State University (PTN), so that it has broad implications for the optimization of human resources, and aspects of device and process. Competitiveness is efficiency and effectiveness, which has the right targets in determining the direction and result of the right target and goals, including the ultimate goal of the final achievement process in facing the competition. The results of this design are indicators of the universities performance based on QS Stars Method and ICT Web. Keyword— Performance, Higher Education, QSStars, ICTWeb,


In 1999, the space experiments on the Marangoni convection and thermocapillary convection in a system of two immiscible liquid layers in microgravity environment were conducted on board the Chinese scientific satellite SJ-5. A new system of two-layer liquids such as FC-70 liquid and paraffin was used successfully, with the paraffin melted in the space. Two different test-cells are subjected to a temperature gradient perpendicular or parallel to the interface to study the Marangoni convection and thermocapillary convection, respectively. The experimental data obtained in the first Chinese space experiment of fluid are presented. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of thermocapillary convections are carried out using SIMPLEC method. A reasonable agreement between the experimental investigation and the numerical results is obtained.


A kinetic Monte Carlo modeling study is presented for precursor polymer formation via the sulfinyl precursor route. The premonomer, 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[(n-octylsulfinyl)methyl]benzene, is subjected to a NatBuO induced 1,6-elimination in sBuOH yielding the actual p-quinodimethane monomer that leads, via a radical polymerization, to the precursor polymer. The kinetic Monte Carlo model is able to predict the experimental trends in yield, mass averaged molar mass and structural defect content. The effect of radical recombination and cyclization is modeled and found to be negligible. The effect of the initial base and premonomer concentration on the polymer properties is investigated. Simulation results indicate a maximum in the polymer yield and chain length for initial [base]/[premonomer] = 1 and that the molecular properties of the precursor polymers can be varied by as much as 50% by an appropriate choice of initial [base]/[premonomer]. The kinetic Monte Carlo model is used to determine reaction conditions...


This is a collection of essays, most of which were written and published by Shri B.R. Nanda over a period of time, on themes related to Gandhi's life and leadership, including his relationship with some of his close colleagues. With them are added a few which have been specially written for inclusion in the volume. Among the latter special mention must be made of the first chapter of the book titled "In Search of Gandhi". Few historians, particularly in India, have favoured their readers with an account of their own mental pre-dispositions and interests which led them to move from one book to the other. Shri Nanda has broken new ground by penning this essay. The readers should, of course, feel grateful. The present reviewer certainly does so. For it provides a rare insight into the working of the mind of one of the greatest historians and biographers of modem India and provides a key to the understanding of the nature of his works. It is not, in any case, less interesting than a similar sketch of his life and works by an eminent political leader, social worker or artist.


The application of the multiple thread in seriesport communications programming under VC++ environment is discussed and also realized series-port's read-write operation and connects with SQL server in use of the multiple thread.According to the principium,It empolders a test system for measuring the cylinder pressure under VC++ environment.


This essay explores the representation of economic precarity in the twenty-first century, and particularly how new media technologies have impacted such representations, through two photo-text projects: Matt Black's American Geography (2014-Present) and Radcliffe "Ruddy" Roye's When Living is a Protest (2015-Present). Both adapt the visual style of New Deal documentary practiced by photographers such as Walker Evans, Dorothea Lange, Margaret Bourke-White, and Gordon Parks – a genre that Jeff Allred refers to as the "modernist photo text" – to document the after-effects of the 2008 Great Recession; and both specifically were created to circulate on Instagram, the image-and-text based social media platform initially launched in October 2010. Black's and Roye's Instagram series exemplify a resurgence in documentary following the financial collapse of 2008. At the same time, they offer limit cases for the way that "born digital" literary and visual art can re-imagine modernism's insistence on media specificity for twenty-first century artistic works, especially those keyed to capturing the social life of economic crisis.


s;rCoJ Un er_Jr "l.. lhes1'.5 LD ~t.JcaCJ .2~ t).,O)g'Gs~ Student run full service agencies are increasing in popularity at countless major communication universities across the country. Central Michigan's agency, Media Cafe, produces thousands of dollars in revenue from the services they provide each year. Glyphix, a student run design agency at Kent State has won countless awards while providing services to local clients. Few people recognize however, that a similar student run, full service agency exists in the Muncie community. Located on Ball State's campus in the Department of Journalism, The McKinley Avenue Agency employs over 20 students, provides services ranging from design to event planning and reinvests its revenue back into student opportunity. This lack of awareness in the Muncie community about the McKinley Avenue Agency and the services it provides results in a loss of opportunity for Ball State University students and businesses in Muncie.


This paper introduces the familiar shear connector and analyses the virtue of stud shear connectors,presents a comparative study of the design methods in Canada Code for design of steel structure with Code for design of steel structure(GB50017-2003).Finally,this paper points out that China Code is relatively conservative.


A brief historical discussion will be given of early Bendix developments in the field of video tracking. Trackers for TRAP III System and PRESS A3D will be described.


To induce long-lasting immunity, the host's immune system must recognize and respond to an invading pathogen upon first encounter. Plasmodium sporozoites, the infective stage of the malaria parasite, are inoculated into the skin by infected mosquitoes as they probe for blood. Only 20% of sporozoites reach the liver, while the rest either reach the draining lymph nodes (dLN) or remain in the infected area for at least 6 hours, shedding an abundant amount of their major surface protein, the circumsporozoite protein (CSP). Yet, sterile immunity against sporozoites or CSP does not occur, despite the presence of the foreign antigens in the skin and the dLN, and repeated exposures, suggesting that Plasmodium sporozoites may modulate the host immune response. In this study we investigate the immune response elicited by P. berghei-infected mosquito bite at the bite site in-vivo. Using intravital imaging of sporozoites inoculation by a mosquito bite to a LysM-CRE GFP expressing mouse, we can observe neutrophil recruitment to the bite site in real time. When investigating the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory genes in the skin, we find a specific expression patten that is elevated in response to a P. berghei-infected mosquito bite, when compared to a bite of an uninfected mosquito. Here we show fast immune cells recruitment as well as specific immune response to Plasmodium infection, suggesting a quick recognition of infection by the immune system. Nonetheless, gene expression analysis suggests a mechanism by which Plasmodium sporozoites may suppress the immune response to their presence.
 Kindly supported by grants from NIH (R01 AI132359) and JHMRI.


"This study reports on the development and assessment of two mentoring programs, one for new faculty and one for new graduate teaching assistants. We developed a replicable model of systematic mentoring; and we obtained a clear picture of the styles and skills of exemplary mentors".


The study of fragmentary classical works is open to two activities. One is the attempt to create a reliable edition of the fragments, thus supplying researchers with a stable tool of interpretation. Another is the writing of innovative scholarship that may question the assumptions followed by editor(s) of a given authoritative collection of fragmentary evidence. Despite their differences, both activities can be complementary. One can aspire to the creation of a more stable edition that admits its limitations, openly recognising that its assumptions or criteria are provisional. On the other hand, it is also possible to engage in innovative and even provocative scholarship that takes as its starting point the major advancements provided by a previous scholarly edition. The latter quest for a virtuous middle ground can be found in Damon and Farrell's collection of essays on the eighteen lost books of Ennius' Annals. These fragmentary texts attracted more attention after O. Skutsch's edition and commentary (The Annals of Q. Ennius [1985]), which drew some strong conclusions that are now often taken for granted in Ennian scholarship. In particular, Ennius' Annals is presented by him as the work of a historian-poet who adapted Homer's metre to Latin for 'recording all Roman history in verse'. Its material was then incorporated into Livy's Ab urbe condita and Tacitus' Annales. From the methodological point of view, this implies that these texts are useful for reconstructing the lost contents of the eighteen books of Ennius, and it also implies that the Annals had a considerable impact in posterity (cf. Skutsch, pp. 6– 46, 168–9; citation from p. 6). Now, in the footsteps of J. Elliott's Ennius and the Architecture of the Annales (2013), a book that already provided a respectful yet firm critique of Skutsch (ibid., pp. 2–5), Damon and Farrell have collected fourteen essays that together develop the following argument: Ennius' Annals is more innovative, complex and mysterious than the mere work of a 'Roman Homer' with historical interests. Their volume is divided into four parts: 'Innovation', 'Authority', 'Influence' and 'Interpretation'. It is also followed by an 'Afterword' by M. Jaeger, whose merit consists in presenting a clear summary of the methodologies and key concepts that guide the investigation of the fourteen scholars. Jaeger highlights that these scholars have avoided two risky cognitive tendencies that can hinder scientific reconstruction – namely, reading each fragment as representative of the whole Annals and as something complete in and of itself – and that they recur to three useful metaphors for describing Ennius' historical poetry: embeddedness, iridescence and shape. THE CLASSICAL REVIEW 90


A system and a method for processing a user defined extended operation are provided to process an extended operation in a software manner by using an additional processor for processing the extended operation. An operation processing system for processing an operation of a computer program includes a plurality of functional units(310) and a processor(320). The functional units process primitive operations. The processor processes extended operations according to controls of the functional units. Each of the functional units processes directly the primitive operations and performs a control operation so that the processors processes extended operations when the operations are the extended operations. The functional units process the operations by storing input values(351,352,353) of the operations into a register file(330) and generating an exception(370) in the processor when the operations are the extended operations.


This paper proposes a method for determining the gas recovery of water-drive gas reservoirs. First, the water influx coefficient B in the theoretical formula =(1) /(1)B r g gp ?R ?R is used to determine the influence of the aquifer behavior. According to the theoretical formula, the relationship between the normalized pressure rp and the degree of the reserve recovery gR can be obtained with different values of B, which can be used to determine the activity level of the aquifer behavior. Second, according to =(1) /(1)ra ga vap ?R ?a E(where = 1 /gr gia ?S S), the relationship between the normalized abandonment pressure rap and the ultimate gas recovery gaR can be obtained, as the Agarwal end-point line. The intersection of the above two lines represents the value of the estimated ultimate gas recovery and the normalized abandonment pressure rap. Finally, an evaluation table and a set of demarcation charts are established, with different values of /gr giS S and vaE as well as the water influx coefficient B, which can be used to determine the gas recovery of water-drive gas reservoirs with different activity levels of the aquifer behavior.


The best-known triangular trading system is the transatlantic slave trade, that operated from the late 16th to early 19th centuries, carrying slaves, cash crops, and manufactured goods between West Africa, Caribbean or American colonies and the European colonial powers, with the northern colonies of British North America, especially New England, sometimes taking over the role of Europe. The Second Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans by mostly British, Portuguese, French and Dutch traders. The main destinations of this phase were the Caribbean colonies and Brazil, as European nations built up economically slave-dependent colonies in the New World. The Atlantic slave trade or trans-atlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic ocean from the 16th through to the 19th centuries.


The invention discloses an on-line prewarning device and a prewarning method for iron scale blockage in a high-temperature pipeline of a super-critical boiler. The on-line prewarning device comprises temperature sensors, a data collector, a data analysis system, a prewarning controller and alarm equipment which are in signal connection in sequence, wherein the temperature sensors are distributed on high-temperature pipelines near an outlet header of the boiler. Since the wall temperature of a pipeline of the super-critical boiler and the iron scale blockage in the pipeline have strong coupling relationship, when the temperature departure of the pipeline is greater than a preset value delta 1, and the wall temperature change rate is greater than a preset value delta 2, i.e. iron scale blockage existing in the pipeline can be forecast, and a blockage prewarning signal is sent. The prewarning device can also display the temperature of different high-temperature tube panels and pipeline walls of the super-critical boiler and the real-time data, history data of the change rate of the super-critical boiler, and has the functions of overtemperature alarm and trend alarm. By adopting the invention, the phenomenon of iron scale blockage in high-temperature pipelines can be forecast quickly, so that the purpose of on-line real-time monitoring and prewarning iron scale blockage in high-temperature pipelines of the super-critical boiler can be achieved.


A movable pattern plate assembly for use with an air conditioning system. According to an exemplary embodiment of the adjustable profile plate assembly comprises a lubricious profile plate, one mounted on the profile plate scissor-like linkage mechanism, and a attached to the linkage mechanism actuator for forward and backward driving of the profile plate in a width direction B. The movable pattern plate arrangement may use a control loop which one or more operating parameters used, for example the operating state of the fan, sucking the air in the system to control the actuator.


Many studies have been made to develop artificial tracheas with good biocompatibility and mechanical performance. We have designed a new type of mesh-type artificial tracheas. The basic frame of the specimens was composed of a mesh cylinder and stent attached to the outside of the cylinder. We have demonstrated from the mechanical tests that artificial tracheas with ring-type stents are stiffer than those with spiral-type stents. Artificial tracheas with arc-shaped shaped stents are half as stiff as artificial tracheas with whole ring stents. We have compared the mechanical properties of mesh-type artificial tracheas with nylon ring stents and those of canine tracheas, and have found the proper number of rings per unit length for the mesh-type artificial tracheas.


The lag of water inrush from goaf floor is a great threat to the safety in production, which often leads to a serious property loss. A three-dimensional DC resistivity method,based on the mechanism and the inducing factors of water inrush,is proposed to monitor the possible water inrush accident in this paper. The theoretical objective function that meets the requirement of the three-dimensional DC electric field in the mine geological environment is deduced from the basic theory of stable electricity flow field. And the distribution characteristics, as well as the the changing rules of the abnormal potential caused by different spatial positions geological anomalies are studied through the approach of numerical simulation so as to provide a theoretical basis for a real-time dynamic monitoring of water inrush from the goaf floor. Keywords—three dimensional DC resistivity method; dynamic monitoring; lagging water-inrush;


A new Hausman test is presented for the exogeneity of a dummy variable in a probit model. It is very easy to implement because of the equivalence of the log likelihood functions for bivariate probit and recursive probit. The procedure is applied to a model of student loan default due to Knapp and Seaks (1992).


L and D practitioners, as with most business people, are often making new contacts from whom they realistically hope to source work. The problem is how do you make sure that you can be contacted? The simple solution is a vCard, or virtual business card. It's a really handy tool that is ideally suited to this purpose.


Aim: Tuberculosis has high mortality in the world and recently recurring. Nowadays TB incidence is increasing. Observation, follow-up and comparing disease's Incidence would be necessary for prevention, management and control them. The purpose of this study is TB incidence surveillance in different times and places of Iran by GIS. Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis on TB incidence of 10651 cases that registered on Iran stop TB system in March 2014 to March 2016. In order that Possibility to compare, data have been arranged by diagnosis period in iran TB organization for comparison of study. To choose parameters, effective environmental parameters extracted from previous studies. Correlation between TB incidence rate and effective environmental parameters were tested with Pearson correlation test; then available environmental data's information layers develop and integrate by ARcMap 10.3. Results: considering the seasonal nature of this study, 8 integrated maps of temperature, wind and climate that separated according to states were showed in regions with high temperature, wind and warm and dry climate we have more TB incidence. In summer the incidence is less than other seasons. Conclusion: The disease condition observation in states based on different colors at different intervals, allowed health politicians to compare and understand the statistics. n


During the last decade the application of quantum-size-effect-heterostructures to solid state micro- and optoelectronics has attracted great attention, because it has made possible to improve drastically the parameters of most known devices and to invent new ones. Results are given of the investigation of the photoluminescence (PL), electroluminescence (EL), and galvanomagnetic properties of MBE-grown AIIIBV heterostructures with different sequences of ultrathin layers and short-period superlattices. The influence of introduction of such sequences on device structure characteristics is discussed.

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Abstract Objectives Patients with SLE have increased mortality compared with age- and sex-matched controls. LN is a severe manifestation of SLE and an important cause of death. We carried out a retrospective survival analysis to investigate factors that could influence the risk of mortality and LN in a large multi-ethnic cohort of patients with SLE. Methods By careful review of medical records, we identified 496 patients with SLE for whom we had complete information regarding the period of observation and occurrence of death and nephritis. Patients were stratified into groups according to sex, ethnicity, age at start of follow-up and time period of diagnosis. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to investigate differences between the groups. Results Of the 496 patients in the study, 91 (18.3%) died, 165 (33.3%) developed LN and 33 (6.7%) developed end-stage renal failure. There was no difference between men and women in either mortality or development of LN. Caucasian patients were significantly less likely to develop LN than other ethnic groups (P < 0.0001) but not less likely to die. Patients diagnosed before the median age of 28 years were significantly more likely to develop LN (P < 0.0001) but significantly less likely to die (P = 0.0039) during the period of observation. There has been a significant improvement in survival in patients diagnosed between 1978 and 1989 and those diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 (P = 0.019). Conclusion In our cohort, non-Caucasian ethnicity and younger age at diagnosis are associated with the risk of developing LN. There is evidence of improvement in survival of patients with SLE over time.


M•. ca_•rro•'s Boolc is, I think, defective in detail and mistaken in conclusion, but it seems to me a remarkably important and valuable work. It applies unusual industry and learning, an "exhaustive" search of the sources, to an intrinsically interesting and significant problem and period. It describes part of the collision in England of two growing governmental machines trying to implement wo quite different interpretations of society and of life. It thoroughly explores the disputes over the liberties of the church which came to centre themselves around the problem of the investiture of prelates and which engaged the attentions of William II and Henry I, Urban II and Paschal II, and of Anselm, the great archbishop of Canterbury. Mr. Cantor uncovers a mass of richly intricate detail in an area which has certainly been insufficiently studied, although perhaps not so insufficiently as Mr. Cantor implies. The flaws in detail in Mr. Cantor's work are more noticeable to his reader


This paper analyzes the production of fundamental research as a coordination game played by scholars. In the model, scholars decide to adopt a new idea only if they believe that a critical mass of peers is following a similar research strategy. If researchers observe only a noisy idiosyncratic signal of the true scientiOc potential of a new idea, we show that the game presents a single threshold equilibrium. In this environment, fundamental research proceeds with large structural breaks followed by long periods of time in which new ideas are unsuccessful. The likelihood of a new idea emerging depends on various parameters, including the rewards of working in the old paradigm, the critical mass of researchers required to create a new school of thought and scholarsi ability to properly assess the scientific value of new ideas.


We report a long-term (1961–2017) study of the eclipse times in the dwarf nova WZ Sagittae, in an effort to learn its rate of orbital-period change. Some wiggles with a timescale of 20–50 years are apparent, and a connection with the ∼23 year interval between dwarf-nova eruptions is possible. These back-and-forth wiggles dominate the O–C diagram, and prevent a secure measurement of the steady rate of orbital-period change.


HEPA Automated Filing System is a computerized system specially design to overcome the problems which rises from practicing the traditional manual method of filing in the HEPA faculty. This system was proposed to be developed as the manual system was seen to be vague with the rapidly growing technology state. This system aims to digitally store all the files (letters and etc.) into the database, and no longer in a physical filing system. Also, this system aims to help the faculty manage the filing in a better manner so that file retrieving could be much easier compared to as it is now. The target user for this system includes the whole of the HEPA faculty, from the highest, dean of HEPA to the staffs of the faculty. The system modules are determine by user levels which are divided into three groups; Super-user, Admin and Normal user. Super-user are given full authority on all of the modules whereby the Admin are given main modules such as storing files and composing minutes. Normal users in the other hand are given very limited access to this system.


In this paper, Tung oil from the south of Shaanxi province was assayed, and the behavior of its thermal decomposition was investigated by thermogravimetry. The pyrolysis characteristics of Tung oil experimentally studied using thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA).The TG curves and DTG curves were examined under different operating conditions such as heating rate and different atmospheres. The mechanism equation of pyrolysis reaction, activation energy (E) and frequency factor (A) were obtained by using differential method to fit experimental data. The experimental results shown that there are two temperature ranges in the organic matter pyrolysis period: 350-420°C and 420-500°C in air, but 350-450°C in nitrogen. The effects on Tung oil pyrolysis of different heating rates were indistinct. The activation energy in the first period was more than that in the second period.


OBJECTIVES
The Gold Standard treatment for a non-metastatic, invasive bladder cancer is an open radical cystoprostatectomy (ORCP). Laparoscopic radical cystoprostatectomy (LRCP) is still an experimental technique in evaluation. We describe our perioperative results defined as surgical and safety oncology variables.

METHODS
Every patient who underwent a LRCP between January 2007 and July 2011 in the urology department of the University Public Hospital was evaluated. We perform a descriptive retrospective analysis.

RESULTS
We evaluated 84 patients, 72 males and 12 females, with a mean age of 68 (44-79). A Bricker diversion was performed in 80 patients, a Camey II bladder replacement was performed in 3 patients, and a Studer bladder replacement was performed in 1 patient. Seventeen patients (20.23%) presented with previous abdominal surgery, and 6 patients (7.14%) presented a medical history of urological surgery. The mean surgery time was 257.57 minutes (180-420). The mean hospital stay was 11.875 days (standard deviation (SD): 6.28). The onset of tolerance to surgery occurred after 3.7 days (SD: 2.21).The transfusion rate after surgical intervention was 20.2%. The mean number of nodes removed, by means of ilio-obturator lymphadenectomy, was 17 (13-19). There were no intraoperative complications. Early complications (less than 1 month after the intervention) occurred in 28 patients (33.3% ).There were no post-operative deaths. There were late complications (starting one month after the intervention) in 7 patients (8.3% ).

CONCLUSIONS
Our study demonstrated that LRCP is safe and reproducible and represents a minimally invasive option for patients with infiltrative bladder cancer.


Glycosphingolipids, which are functionally present on plasma membrane of mammalian cells, have a variety of functions in immune system such as surface markers of lymphocytes and mediators or modulators of the cells. Interestingly, gangliosides induced selective modulation of CD4, which is not only the subset marker of T-lymphocytes but also the receptor for human immunodeficiency virus. Here, we raised a process of endocytosis as a possible mechanism for the modulation of CD4. We also found that gangliosides inhibited HIV-infection in vitro.


Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a multidisciplinary diabetes self-management program. The study focused on improving diabetes control by synchronizing regularly scheduled provider visits with a multidisciplinary diabetes education program. This intervention was instituted in Hispanic patients with long-standing poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Methods The study was initiated as a performance improvement project. A group of 44 type 2 diabetes patients followed by the internal medicine faculty with HbA1c levels greater than 9.5 over a 12-month period was identified. Twenty-three of the identified patients were enrolled in a synchronous care group. A cohort control group of the remaining 21 patients not participating in the intervention was followed with routine care. The intervention group shared similar demographic characteristics, medication regimens, initial diabetes control, and a number of provider visits with the control group. The primary outcome of interest for the study is the HbA1c level. Results The findings demonstrated that our synchronous management approach significantly improved HbA1c level over standard management for medically indigent Hispanic patients with long-standing poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (P < .001). The majority of the patients (89%) in the Intensive Management Group had declines in HbA1c level from baseline, compared to the Standard Management Group (60%, P = .04). Conclusion The temporal linkage between routine provider visits and a diabetes self-management education intervention in poorly controlled Hispanic patients with long-standing type 2 diabetes led to a significant improvement in HbA1c levels.


GaN has recently been shown to host bright, photostable, defect single photon emitters in the 600-700 nm wavelength range that are promising for quantum applications. The nature and origin of these defect emitters remain elusive. In this work, we study the optical dipole structures and orientations of these defect emitters using the defocused imaging technique. In this technique, the far-field radiation pattern of an emitter in the Fourier plane is imaged to obtain information about the structure of the optical dipole moment and its orientation in 3D. Our experimental results, backed by numerical simulations, show that these defect emitters in GaN exhibit a single dipole moment that is oriented almost perpendicular to the wurtzite crystal c-axis. Data collected from many different emitters shows that the angular orientation of the dipole moment in the plane perpendicular to the c-axis exhibits a distribution that shows peaks centered at the angles corresponding to the nearest Ga-N bonds and also at the angles corresponding to the nearest Ga-Ga (or N-N) directions. Moreover, the in-plane angular distribution shows little difference among defect emitters with different emission wavelengths in the 600-700 nm range. Our work sheds light on the nature and origin of these GaN defect emitters.


The knowledge of the mechanical behaviour of woven fabrics is necessary in many applications in particular for the simulation of textile composite forming. This mechanical behaviour is very specific due to the possible motions between the fibres and the yarns. In this paper, the biaxial tension and in‐plane shear behaviours are analysed from virtual tests on the Representative Unit Cell. The in‐plane shear strains can be very large (up to 50°) in case of draping on a double curved surface. These virtual tests avoid performing tricky experimental tests. The presented 3D finite element analyses involve two main specific aspects. Firstly the boundary conditions have to render the periodicity at large deformations and, in some cases, the evolution of contacts between neighbouring yarns during the motion. Secondly the yarn that is made of thousand of fibres is modelled as a continuous medium but its constitutive law has to take its fibrous nature into account. For that reason a rate constitutive equation using a specific objective stress rate is used. It is based on the rotation of the fibre. The analysis is performed for different unit cells. Both results are in good agreement with the experiments, but the use of some cells turns out to be much easier.


In application of particle swarm optimization algorithm,the solution is usually misled to local minima resulting in compromised searching efficiency.To cope this drawback,the division of subpopulation and self-adaptive inertia weight are incorporated to PSO.The particle swarm is divided by subpopulation into subgroups close to the center of the swarm with the best fitness value judged by the similarity of particle swarm.Test of the improved algorithm using six benchmark functions indicates that the algorithm is capable of locating the global optimal value with less time-consumption and higher efficiency.


This article introduces quasi-ideals in semirings on weak nearness approximation spaces. Concepts and definitions are given to clarify the subject of quasi ideals in semirings on weak nearness approximation spaces. Some basic properties of quasi ideals are also given. Furthermore, it is given that the definition of upper-near quasi ideals. And, it is examined that the relationship between quasi ideals and upper near quasi ideals. Therefore, the features described in this study will contribute greatly to the theoretical development of the nearness semirings theory


Objective To design a new multifunctional surgical instrument case in order to improve the work efficiency and safety of operation in field battle. Methods Practices of operation in field battle were analyzed retrospectively and the characteristics of modern surgery were investigated. Results A new multifunctional surgical instrument case was designed and its main clinical function and operation methods were explained. Conclusion Multifunctional instrument case has advantages of advanced function and convenient operation. It has good perspective for clinical surgery applying.


It has become almost impossible to write anything about Senegal without making at least an oblique reference to the politics of assimilation introduced and practiced in that country in the nineteenth century. This is understandably so since Senegal was the only country in Africa where the politics of assimilation was systematically applied. The proponents of assimilation assumed that Senegal was a cultural vacuum, and that the Senegalese, like other Africans, were "une race maudite," a damned race, who basked in a jungle of primitive savagery, without any kind of civilization, history, or law. The French therefore adopted a policy of "tabula rasa," and proclaimed themselves the civilizers of Senegal and of those other parts of Africa under their jurisdiction. This was the origin of the mission civilisatrice, the self-imposed colonial task whose primary aim, allegedly, was to sweep the Senegalese from darkness into modernity by making them as culturally French as possible.


Electrons produced by Chl-aII in a short flash are finally transfered to Chl-ai after having passed several intermediates. The reaction between Chl-aI and its primary electron donators PD (probably Cyt-f and PC) has been studied by means of high time resolution flash photometry in isolated spinach chloroplasts with the following results: 1. When PD are in the oxidized state, the reduction of Chl-aI⊕ takes place with the rate limiting reaction time of the electron transport chain (≈ 20 ms). 2. When PD are in the reduced state, the reduction of Chl-aI⊕ takes place with the reaction times between the PD and Chl-ai. We found two half life times: one of about 200 μs and one of about 10 μs. The reduced state of PD is realized when weak monitoring light or hvII-preillumination is used. The two reaction times of ≈ 200 μs and of ≈ 10 µs are interpreted to represent the electron transfers between Cyt-f and Chl-aI and between PC and Chl-aI resp. Equilibrium constants of the electron transfer from PD to Chl-aI and the arrangement of the intermediates in the electron transport chain are discussed.


Two species of the genus Fallopia (F. sachalinensis, F. japonica, Polygonaceae) native to Asia, and their hy brid (F. ×bohemica), belong to the most noxious plant invaders in Europe. They impact highly on invaded plant communities, resulting in extremely poor native species richness. The low number of native species in invaded communities points to the possible existence of mechanisms suppressing their germination. In this study we assessed, under laboratory conditions, whether there are phytotoxic effects of the three Fallopia congeners on seed germination of three target species: two native species commonly growing in habi tats that are often invaded by Fallopia taxa (Urtica dioica, Calamagrostis epigejos), and Lepidium sativum, a species commonly used in allelopathic bioassays as a control. Since Fallopia taxa form dense stands with high cover, we included varying light conditions as an additional factor, to simulate the effects of shading by leaf canopy on germination. The effects of aqueous extracts (2.5%, 5.0%, and 0% as a control) from dry leaves and rhizomes of the Fallopia congeners on germination of the target species were thus studied under two light regimes, simulating full daylight (white light) and light filtered through canopy (green light), and in dark as a control regime. Rhizome extracts did not affect germination. Light treatments yielded inconclusive results, indicating that poor germination and establishment of species in invaded stands is unlikely to be caused by shading alone. However, we found a pronounced phytotoxic effect of leaf extracts of Fallopia taxa, more so at 5.0% than 2.5% extract concentration. Fallopia sachalinensis Copyright Lenka Moravcová et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. NeoBiota 9: 31–47 (2011) doi: 10.3897/neobiota.9.1266 www.pensoft.net/journals/neobiota ReseARCh ARtiCle Launched to accelerate research on alien species and biological invasions A peer-reviewed open-access journal


A discussion of organizations that are harmful to their environments, eg, organized crime, overactive bureaucracies, totalitarian dictatorships. Harm may occur if the constituents are sufficiently ignorant about the organization's performance or are kept from leaving its sphere of influence. Harmful organizations survive by means of: selection, by which harmful organizations experience faster & greater growth than their harmless counterparts; counterproductivity, which activates the demand for output, resulting in accelerated growth; suppression or neutralization of the opposition; & conflict. The origin of such organizations is examined, as well as the conditions fostering their emergence as dominant factors in an environmental niche. 6 Figures, 105 References. Modified HA


Reliable techniques are necessary for on-line-control of processes with variable properties of the disperse phase (solid particles, droplets, bubbles, microorganisms etc). Dynamic extinction measurements may be an economical method for such applications. The principle of dynamic extinction is a combination of a turbidity measurement and a statistical signal evaluation. A mean particle size and the corresponding particle concentration is measurable for particle sizes greater than 0.5 μm in concentrations between a few ppm up to several volume percent. A method to determine the particle size distribution under process conditions is possible by dynamic extinction measurements with variable light cross sections. Experimental results have shown a good agreement to laboratory instrument like laser diffraction spectrometer and single particle counter. The principle of dynamic extinction measurement opens a potential for economic and reliable in-line-control of dispersions and a wide range of applications.


Objectives: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze prospectively collected data to present the clinical and radiological short term outcomes of patients who underwent anatomic glenoid reconstruction using distal tibia allograft to treat shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss. Methods: Over four years, 44 patients (31 patients were male and 13 female with mean age of 29.73 years) underwent arthroscopic stabilization with capsulelabral Bankart repair and allograft bony augmentation of the glenoid for recurrent shoulder instability with significant bone loss by the same surgeon. 14 patients were revision cases of previous surgery. Preoperative and postoperative functional assessment was performed with the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) questionnaire, and radiological assessment was performed with radiographs and CT scans. The Average follow-up was 2 years. Results: 97% (43/44) patients had no dislocations or subluxations at the most recent followup. The mean pre and postoperative WOSI scores were 40.54 and 72.65 respectively (p<0.001). No patients developed nerve injury. One patient presented with hardware failure at 3 years post-op. Two other patients had graft absorption and 6 patients had partial graft resorption but none had symptoms of instability. The mean postoperative active shoulder range of motion was forward flexion 170.1o, abduction 168.9o, internal rotation 69.5o and external rotation 57.5o. Grafts positioning was flush with the glenoid in 93% of cases, vertical positioning was excellent in 89% (35 o'clock). Conclusion: Arthroscopic stabilization of the shoulder with distal tibia allograft augmentation is a good safety profile technique with good results at average of two years follow up.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the patterns of care in patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome or congestive heart failure.

DESIGN
A pilot study - retrospective chart review.

SETTING
Two British Columbia tertiary referral teaching hospitals.

PATIENTS
One hundred patients admitted with stable angina, acute ischemic syndrome or congestive heart failure at each hospital.

RESULTS
Patient profiles showed that women at both hospitals were significantly older and had significantly longer lengths of stay than men. Patterns of practice were comparable except when it came to lipid testing and lipid-lowering agents being prescribed to patients at the time of discharge. At hospital A, patients were more likely to have a lipid profile performed compared with patients at hospital B.

CONCLUSIONS
The addition of lipid testing to the clinical pathway for patients with myocardial infarction led to more patients at hospital A having a lipid profile performed. The routine assessment of lipid profiles in patients admitted for acute ischemic syndromes led to more aggressive pharmacological treatment with hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors - agents that are known to reduce mortality and recurrent infarction. Methods to improve treatment are proposed to help reduce morbidity and/or mortality in patients with ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure.


Compound IV was more active against the bollworm than against the tobacco budwol'ln. Compound V, methyl parathion, the O,O-dimethyl homologue of 0(p-nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate, was the most toxic of all 8 compounds to both species when it was applied topically (Table 2). Compounds V, VI. and VIII were more toxic to the bollworm than to the tobacco budworm when applied topically: the reverse was true for Compounds 1. II. and III (Tab]e ]). Foliar sprays of Compounds V and VI were equally toxic to the bollworm and the tobacco budworm and were more toxic than Compounds VII and VIII.


A bearing lined sliding bearing consists of a composite material support including a layer of metal support, a porous layer of sintered above support, and a sliding layer based on PTFE which forms the sliding surface of said support layer of a associated sliding member, also filling said layer pores of said support layer, and including at least 60 volume% of PTFE, 15 to 25 volume% of a metal filler, preferably lead, and optionally 8 to 12 vol% PVDF. To obtain a low friction coefficient, varying only by a small margin for an extended period, said bearing slide bearing is formed such that the sliding layer includes 1 to 3% by volume of carbon fibers, said fibers being carbon substantially oriented in a preferred direction with respect to said composite material support, the relative movement of said bearing carrier and said sliding member associated substantially transverse to said preferred direction.


With the global trend of harmonizing intellectual property rights, there is enormous pressure on Canada to adopt a maximalist approach to copyright protection. The purpose of this paper is to assess the constitutionality of the copyright extensions for sound recordings and performances found within the Economic Action Plan 2015 Act. Although Canadian courts have been reluctant in the past to consider the effects of copyright law on freedom of expression, the time is now ripe for the courts to assert their authority under the constitution. This paper demonstrates that copyright law is indeed in conflict with freedom of expression and that any time the legislature amends or imposes new burdens on expression, the government must justify those actions. In the case of the twenty-year term extension for sound recordings and performances, a constitutional analysis reveals that the law is disproportionate and cannot be saved under s.1 of


To provide a high level of usability, spoken dialogue systems must generate cooperative responses for a wide variety of users and situations. We introduce a dialogue planning scheme which incorporates user and situation models, making such dialogue adaptation possible. Manually developing a set of dialogue rules to accommodate all possible model combinations is very difficult and obstructs system portability. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel example-based training scheme, where example dialogues from a roleplaying simulation are used to train the dialogue planner via machine learning. The proposed scheme is evaluated on the Kyoto city voice portal, a multi-domain spoken dialogue system. Subjects participated in a role-playing simulation where they selected appropriate system responses at each dialogue turn based on given scenario information. Experimental results show that the system successfully trains the dialogue planner and provides reasonable system performance.


Explosion hardened high manganese austenitic cast steel is being tried for rail crossing recently. From the previous studies, it became clear that high tensile residual stress was generated in the hardened surface layer by explosion and the surface tensile residual stress changed into the compressive stress of about 500MPa after the repetition of impact.In this study, the distribution of biaxial residual stress in the explosion hardened high manganese austenitic cast steel subjected to repeated impact loads was examined and compared with those of original and shot peened steels.The results obtained are summarized as follows.(1) The residual stress distributions in the impact surface layer of the original, explosion hardened and shot peened steels were similar qualitatively as given in the following. The surface compressive stress changes into tension at the depth of 0.01mm and the tensile stress in the surface layer shows a remarkable variation as the depth increases and changes into compressive stress in the inner layer.(2) It seems that the residual stress distribution mentioned above is produced by the combined effects of surface hardened layer, the transverse deformation in impact surface and uneven deformation at hardened layer.(3) The high tensile residual stress in the explosion hardened surface layer did not increase by repeated impact loading, and no macrocrack was osberved in the impact surface layer.