The cup method commonly used in antibiotic assay was applied to the serum neutralization with JE virus. A cup was fixed in the overlay covering chick embryo cells and filled with a test serum, and diffusion of antibody was allowed to take place at 20 C before addition of virus onto the agar surface. When the overlay contained 0.6% agar, 0.1 to 0.27% of the virus penetrated the overlay and formed plaques leaving a plaque inhibition zone around the cup. A clear inhibition zone was produced when the interval between the addition of serum and virus inoculation was 2 days, the amount of virus given per dish being 5×105 PFU, and the dishes were subsequently incubated at 20 C for one day and then at 35 C for 3 days before staining with neutral red. The plaque inhibition zone diameter was in linear relation to the logarithm of the antibody concentration used. The sensitivity of the test was such that positive results were obtained with sera possessing endpoint titers higher than 1 : 10 as determined by the ordinary 50% plaque reduction test. When sera of 83 children with different vaccination histories were tested by the present cup method and by the 50% plaque reduction method in parallel, a good correlation was observed between the two titers.


Marine pollution is currently a major and pressing issue, as the world strives to reduce the associated risks and to develop effective and appropriate solutions. Moreover, oil pollution is a major and hazardous source of pollution in the waters of the Arabian Gulf. It is an indisputable fact that the marine environment of the region has suffered greatly since the export of oil began, as a result of the multiple harmful activities associated with that trade, such as the loading of oil, the emptying of contaminated ballast tanks, the various exploration, prospecting and manufacturing processes, in addition to oil pollution incidents resulting from collisions between ships or from fires and explosions that affect ships and marine oil installations. Further environmental damage has been caused by deliberate attacks related to armed conflict in the region during the past few years. This thesis sets out the most important national and international legal efforts to protect the marine environment in general and that of the Arabian Gulf in particular, giving particular consideration to the relevant Islamic legal provisions. The role of Islamic Shari'ah in the protection of the marine environment from pollutions by oil is also scrutinised by means of examination of Quranic verses, the saying of Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) and those fundamentals of Islam which have been identified by Islamic scholars as authoritative in the issue of protection of the marine environment. In the investigation of Islamic Shari'ah, it can be seen that many of the relevant sections closely parallel modem international law. It is of particular note and interest that these Islamic legal measures were already in place 14 or 15 centuries ahead of modem international law. The efforts of the GCC to protect the environment are closely examined whereby it is recognised that the GCC has taken a great many measures towards this end. It has organised a wide range of meetings and conventions and has set up various committees, showing its commitment to these issues, although there is still much that needs to be done.


Abstract : The aims of this study to describe the process of improving the exposition essay writing skills and improving the exposition essay writing skill using cooperative learning model CIRC on class XI TKR 1 student of SMK Karya Padang Panjang. The type of this research is classroom action research that used a qualitative approach. This study arranged in two cycles, starting on February and ending on March 2014. Qualitative data were collected through observation, field notes, and questionnaires. Quantitative data obtained through performance tests and questionnaires. The result of this study find that the use of cooperative learning model CIRC is able to improve learning outcomes in writing exposition skill of the student. The increase can be seen in learning process and the result of writing exposition essay. Exposition essay writing test result of the first cycle with an average mark of 75 and the second cycle with an average value of 82. Based on the research, it can be concluded that: (1) the use of cooperative learning model CIRC can improve the learning process, both teachers and students activity, and (2) improving student learning outcomes in essay writing exposition. Key Words : writing skills, exposition essay, cooperative learning model CIRC


Pollicina is a distinctive, but uncommon, univalved mollusc originally described from the Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian Stage) of the Baltic. The slender, bilaterally symmetrical shell expands slo ...


Identity transformation process, for both men and women, and structural changes in the family and in the labour market lead to consider the role of "new fathers" and practices related to fatherhood. In this scenario, one of the most relevant issue is the complex relationship between family and work. Thus, it is interesting to consider how fathers shape their identity as parents, partners and workers, in different life contexts. This article will address, through the analysis of both national and international literature, the transformation in paternity from different point of view: reflection on the men identity (through the contribution of men's studies), changes in the paternal role and policies supporting fathers.


[Objective] Huatan Huoxue Tuihuang decoction combined with western medicine high efficacy in refractory jaundice. [Method] Method using a prospective design, in 11 cases of hospitalized patients with Huatan Huoxue Tuihuang decoction(Chishao 20g, Zhibanxia, Chenpi, Dahuang 10g, Zexie 20g, Yinchen 30g), 1 dose/ d, decoction 250mL, morning and evening, warm clothes. On the basis of a clear primary disease treatment for the cause, symptomatic treatment of Western medicine. 14d is a continuous course of treatment. Observation of clinical symptoms, bilirubin, blood lipids and apolipoproteins, adverse reactions. 4 continuous treatment regimen to determine efficacy. [Results] Treatment group 4 cases had marked effect, 4 cases were effective, ineffective in 3 patients, the total efficiency of 72.73%, the clinical efficacy of the treatment group than the control group. Serum total bilirubin(TBIL), direct bilirubin concentration(DBIL) and direct bilirubin proportion of total bilirubin(DB / TB) were improved(P0.01, P0.05). Cholesterol(CHOL), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein(HDL) and high-density lipoprotein(LDL) were improved(P0.05). [Conclusion] Huatan Huoxue Tuihuang decoction combined with western treatment of refractory high jaundice effect is significant, it is widely in clinical practice.


We construct a time-variant, price-based measure of trade distortions in 28 manufacturing industries for a large sample of countries over the last four decades, documenting facts consistent with the argument that changes in relative prices are an important channel through which an economy's openness affects outcomes. First, we find that price distortions at the aggregate level are negatively associated with the degree of openness and the speed at which trade volume, exports, and imports grow. The negative association between trade outcomes and price distortions is fundamentally driven by the positive link between openness and price distortions. Second, increases in trade around the time of liberalization are positively related to a decline in aggregate price distortions for the sample of trade-liberalizing countries. Third, the extent of production reallocation is positively associated with the degree of relative price changes that occur around the time of liberalization, particularly across constant-return-to-scale sectors. Fourth, changes in relative prices at the industry level within countries are positively correlated with changes in output, productivity, and firm size, and negatively associated with the number of firms. Finally, we show that the neoclassical theory of trade does a poor job explaining how relative prices change during trade liberalization.


BACKGROUND
In the literature the possibility of a pressure trauma to the hypoglossal nerve between the root of the tongue and the ligamentum stylohyoideum is discussed. A recent in vivo study examined the effects of forced reclination of the head on the nerve.

PATIENT
A left sided hypoglossal nerve paralysis occurred in a patient after an endoscopically controlled endonasal operation under general anesthesia with transoral intubation.

RESULTS
Clinically and electrophysiologically the palsy seemed to be transient due to neurapraxia. An X-ray of the neck performed after the operation revealed a calcification of the left ligamentum stylohyoideum. All the other diagnostic studies (ultrasound of the neck, neurological examination, serological tests, and CT scan of the head) did not show any abnormalities. This is the first time, that a postoperative hypoglossal nerve palsy has been observed, which could not be explained by extensive stretching or pressure.

CONCLUSION
We believe that the short pressure of the Mcintosh spatula produced the hypoglossal nerve palsy described.


Opossums given infective larvae of Turgida turgida were examined at various times after infection. Fifteen days after inoculation 13% of larvae recovered were undergoing the third moult. Thirty-five days after infection 20% of larvae found were moulting to the adult stage. The prepatent period was 89–105 days and the life span of worms was at least 360 days. The percentage of the inoculum recovered decreased with time. Also, development was asynchronous; i.e., third-, fourth-, and fifth-stage worms were found in individual opossums examined 40 and 160 days after infection. Second- and moulting second-stage larvae were not infective to opossums. Infections were successfully challenged. Attempts to infect cats (Felis catus), raccoons (Procyon lotor), and woodchucks (Marmota monax) were unsuccessful.


A rapid fluorescent antibody technique (FA) for the detection of respiratory virus antigens in exfoliated cells from nasopharyngeal aspirates was compared with the conventional method of virus isolation in tissue culture. Over an 18‐month period 645 specimens were examined for respiratory syncytial (RS) virus, para‐influenza 1, 2 and 3 viruses, adenovirus and influenza A virus. Virus isolates were made from 358 specimens of which 335 were also positive by FA (co‐positivity of 94%).


Thermo-optical effects cause a bifocusing of incoming beams in optical media, due to the birefringence created by a thermal lens that can resolve the incoming beams into two-component signals of different polarizations. We propose a nonperturbative theoretical description of the process of formation of double-pulse solitons in Kerr optical media with a thermally induced birefringence, based on solving simultaneously the heat equation and the propagation equation for a beam in a one-dimensional medium with uniform heat flux load. By means of a nonisospectral Inverse Scattering Transform assuming an initial solution with a pulse shape, a one-soliton solution to the wave equation is obtained that represents a double-pulse beam whose characteristic properties depend strongly on the profile of heat spatial distribution.


This dissertation presents an automated system to generate highly efficient, platform-adapted implementations of sparse matrix kernels. We show that conventional implementations of important sparse kernels like sparse matrix-vector multiply (SpMV) have historically run at 10% or less of peak machine speed on cache-based superscalar architectures. Our implementations of SpMV, automatically tuned using a methodology based on empirical-search, can by contrast achieve up to 31% of peak machine speed, and can be up to 4× faster.
Given a matrix, kernel, and machine; our approach to selecting a fast implementation consists of two steps: (1) we identify and generate a space of reasonable implementations, and then (2) search this space for the fastest one using a combination of heuristic models and actual experiments (i.e., running and timing the code). We build on the SPARSITY system for generating highly-tuned implementations of the SpMV kernel y ← y + Ax, where A is a sparse matrix and x, y are dense vectors. We extend SPARSITY to support tuning for a variety of common non-zero patterns arising in practice, and for additional kernels like sparse triangular solve (SpTS) and computation of ATA·x (or AAT·x) and A ρ·x.
We develop new models to compute, for particular data structures and kernels, the best absolute performance (e.g., Mflop/s) we might expect on a given matrix and machine. These performance upper bounds account for the cost of memory operations at all levels of the memory hierarchy, but assume ideal instruction scheduling and low-level tuning. We evaluate our performance with respect to such bounds, finding that the generated and tuned implementations of SpMV and SpTS achieve up to 75% of the performance bound. This finding places limits on the effectiveness of additional low-level tuning (e.g., better instruction selection and scheduling). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)


The correct diagnosis of patients with leukodystrophies continues to be a challenge. Historical cohorts demonstrate that nearly half of cases of presumed genetic white matter disease of the brain remain unsolved.1 These patients with unclassified leukodystrophies and their families face the medical, economic, and emotional challenges associated with lack of a specific diagnosis. Patients often undergo years of costly and often invasive testing without a definitive answer. MRI pattern recognition2,3 is an approach by which individual abnormal features on MRI can be used to narrow the …


The salinity level in the coastal ecosystem and agricultural lands is being increased gradually due to the climate change effect, and Bangladesh is no exception to suffer salinity intrusion threatening its food security. In order to bring the salinity-affected lands under agriculture, the application of salt-tolerant, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) as biofertilizer could be a method of choice. The current research reports the isolation of a salt-tolerant PGPR, identifi ed as Bacillus aryabhattai MS3 from a coastal rice fi eld of Bangladesh. Under laboratory condition, the strain showed profound plant growth-promoting activities: nitrogen fi xation, production of indole acetic acid (IAA), phosphorus solubilization and siderophore production under 200 mM salinity. While in soil, rice growth under non-saline condition was comparable in between biofertilizer-added and control pots, the scenario was statistically signifi cant when challenged with salts, 46% and 8% survival were recorded respectively. The PGPR supported the plants under salinity by increasing the availability of nutrients, accelerating IAA and chlorophyll production, enhancing proline accumulation, and decreasing malondialdehyde formation. The semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR demonstrated that the bacterium selectively up-regulated the plant expression of NHX1 gene under salinity, thereby conferring tolerance to salt stress. Overall, the application of salt-tolerant biofertilizer could be a non-transgenic innovation to support plant growth for coastal lands under changing climate conditions.


This research is motivated by the students' low mathematical creative thinking abilities. The purpose of this research is to examine the achievement and improvement of students' mathematical creative thinking abilities whose learning uses the Course Review Horay (CRH) learning model assisted by monopoly game media. This research is a quasi-experimental type with pretest-posttest control group design with experimental class using Course Review Horay (CRH) learning model assisted by monopoly game media and control class using conventional learning. The population in this study were fifth-grade elementary school students in Cimahi City, while the samples were 30 students each for the experimental and control classes. Data collection techniques used are tests, observations, and documentation with data analysis using statistical data analysis. The results showed the average experimental class value of pretest reached 4.97 and the posttest reached 11.97 with an N-gain value of 0.46. While in the control class the average pretest value reached 4.50 and the posttest reached 9.70 with an N-gain value of 0.34. It can be concluded that the use of CRH learning models assisted by monopoly game media is more effective in achieving and increasing students' creative thinking abilities compared to conventional learning.


The lack of planning in many Brazilian cities that has occurred due to urban population and economic growth has affected public service infrastructure. The collection of urban solid waste (USW) is one of these impacted services and has used open dumps as a short-term solution, causing serious environmental impacts. However, the increase in USW has motivated the Brazilian government to promote a National Solid Waste Policy that aims, among other objectives, to close these open dumps by 2014 and to deploy selective collection, reverse logistics and wet waste composting in Brazil. Landfills must be designed and enabled through the selective collection service. This paper proposes a methodological approach based on a mathematical model to place USW collection/inspection centers that will allow the centralization of waste using reverse distribution centers. A case study was conducted in Sao Mateus-ES, Brazil, to illustrate the complete data collection and deployment process, which helped to make the model more accurate and to approximate reality to aid public officials' decision-making processes.


This paper is a parametric study of active satellite repeater communications links in a jamming environment. Under heavy jamming conditions with an earth coverage satellite antenna, the communication effectiveness of the link is presented as a oneparameter family of curves. A crucial parameter which is a figure of merit of the link is PD^{2}/T , where P is the power radiated by the active satellite repeater, D is the diameter of the receiving dish and T is the receiving system noise temperature. Jamming-limited and thermal noise-limited conditions are identified and their implications are discussed.


If museums adapt their exhibitions to school audiences by designing guided or interactive tours, as well as organising creation and expression workshops, welcoming families, in the context of a normal visit, still raises many questions, as very few studies focus on the expectations of families with children aged 8 to 12 when visiting a museum. Research carried out at the Musee de la Bande Dessinee in Angouleme allowed us to discover the contrast between school visits, often very popular, compared to family visits, often tedious and disappointing, which is damaging for the image of the museum on the Internet. Our reflection of what's on offer at the Musee de la BD led to the creation of a social and semiotic theoretical framework combining different forms of mediation — through the museum, the parents and technology — in order to suggest a joint museum experience between parents and children that would strengthen family ties.


Rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are primarily diseases of childhood and young adulthood. As a result of this epidemiological pattern, RF and RHD negatively impact on society by decreasing the capacity of the most productive age groups, as well as limiting future capacity by thwarting the development of young people. Acute RF and RHD lead to increased school absenteeism and drop-out, and lost wages due to parental absenteeism from work. The patient and the family bear most of the brunt of these costs, which are shared to some extent by society as a whole.


In this experiment,bacterial culture with 94 parts of milk sample collected from cattle infected with subclinical or clinical mastitis is made.Among 30 parts of culture of antibiotic group,negative result accounts for 16.67%(5/30),positive result accounts for 83.33%(25/30),the mean clump count result is 874.93.Among 64 parts of culture of recombinant plasmid group,negative result accounts for 35.94%(23/64),positive result accounts for 64.06%(41/64),the mean clump count result is 303.75.The mean clump count result of recombinant plasmid group is significantly lower than that of antibiotics group(P0.05).In general,from the result of clump count,bacteriostasis of recombinant plasmid is more effective and recombinant plasmid has a better treatment effect on the cow mastitis.


This report briefly discusses the Laser Electron Gamma Source facility and the following experiments conducted here: polarization in D(gamma, p)n and N-N tensor forces for energies less than 225 Mev; constraints on the nuclear tensor force from D(gamma, p)n for energies less than 315 Mev; the p(gamma, neutral pion) reaction and the E2 excitation of delta resonance; quasi-two- and three-body absorption in helium 3(gamma, N-N); and the delta-nucleon interaction in D(gamma,p-negative pion)p and D(gamma, p-n)neutral pions. (LSP).


expansion of European immigration and its political and economic effects. Ashworth accepts some parts of the new research on the southern economy, although he ultimately asserts that the southern slave economy was unable to survive due to its inability to urbanize and industrialize. After describing Claudia Goldin's work on urban slavery as "a valuable contribution" (p. 501), he argues, mainly based on earlier views of slave hiring, that problems of slave control meant limited urbanization in the South. He uses Bateman and Weiss's relative rates of return in agriculture and manufacturing to argue for limits imposed on the South by "constraints imposed by slavery" (p. 199), but only limited attention is given to works by Charles Dew and by Robert Starobin detailing slave use in industry. He argues that attempts to measure economic efficiency, as undertaken by Fogel and Engerman, following a century or more of discussion, contain "conceptual problems probably insurmountable" (p. 87) but then notes the "apparently greater efficiency of the larger plantations" (p. 88). He further points out a "continuing strength for slavery in the South," stating that it was not "moribund" (p. 186), and that "slavery had demonstrated its profitability" (p. 268). He believes Gavin Wright to be "by far the most gifted economic historian working on southern history" (p. 505), but he finds that Wright's work is weakened by his being "wedded to the individualism of the neo-classical approach" (p. 507). Indeed all so-called neoclassical economists are extensively criticized for their hidden or overt biases and errors, although what Ashworth calls his desired "relational approach" appears to be not too different as an analytical tool.


Polyester yarn is made from post-consumer waste such as bottles, fabrics, etc., in the composition of polyester ethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyester (mainly polyethylene terephthalate, PET) is the most commonly employed textile fibre with over 50% share in total production of textile fibres. Pla is a biobased and biodegradable polymer produced from renewable resources. PLA is also a thermoplastic aliphatic compostable polyester. In this study, 75% Cotton - 25% PLA, 75% Lyocell - 25% PLA and 75% Cotton - 25% PET blended yarns were produced as rigid, corespun and dualcore in the ring spinning system .The fabrics were weaved with produced yarn. In the finishing processes, some of the fabrics were treated with caustic and some of the fabrics were only washed. Fabrics containing PLA and PET were compared with each other. Fabrics containing PLA and PET fiber were evaluated in terms of strength, elasticity, abrasion and pilling performances. Although the weft tensile and tear properties of Cotton-PLA blended fabrics are lower than Lyocell-PLA and Cotton-PET blends, it has been indicated that PLA blended yarns can be used as an alternative to PET based yarns and fabrics.


The objective of this work was to characterize the resistance level of one Embrapa pre-commercial genotype of sweet potato to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica.


We have measured autocorrelation functions for light scattered from capillary waves at the interface in a near-critical binary liquid mixture both at two-phase equilibrium and after abruptly raising the temperature to drive the system toward one-phase equilibrium. Use of the capillary-wave dispersion relation allows the extraction of an effective surface tension.'' This surface tension represents a dynamical integrity of the nonequilibrium interface which may affect pattern formation when the interface is driven.


Abstract This article reveals the complicity of immigration restriction laws and federal Indian policy with organized Americanization in legislating an imagined, desirable "new American" at the beginning of the twentieth century, when resurgent nationalism threatened to restrict undesirable immigrants as it also sought to assimilate Indigenous people into a mass of Americanism. While the immigrant has figured in the U.S. national imaginary as someone who desires America, the American Indian was not desired to enter into political membership—although Native land was desired, and subsequently taken by settlers through strategies of dispossession written into federal Indian law. This essay argues that the Indian—read as an imagined category with little connection to the lives of Native people—occupies an anomalous position in the legal history of naturalization, finalized with the passing of the Indian Citizenship Act in 1924, at the same time that racist immigration restriction quotas also limited the entrance of new immigrants into the United States through the 1924 Johnson-Reed Immigration Act. For Native people, Americanization and the imposition of citizenship were extensions of colonialism, adding one civic status over another—domestic dependent, ward, or U.S. citizen. For new immigrants hailing from southern and eastern Europe, forced by economic and cultural constraints to relocate to the United States, in contrast to their Anglo-Saxon or Nordic settler predecessors, Americanization meant a renunciation of political allegiance to other sovereigns, the acquisition of English, and civic education for citizenship. This essay challenges the myth of America as a "nation of immigrants," and the settler colonial nation-state's ongoing infatuation with its colonial project as it continues to erase Indigenous presence and sovereignty.


The chromosphere is the active atmosphere in which energetic eruption events, such as flares, occur. Chromospheric activity is driven by the magnetic field generated by stellar rotation and convection. The relationship between chromospheric activity and the Rossby number, the ratio of the rotational period to the convective turnover time, has been extensively examined for many types of stars, by using narrow chromospheric emission lines, such as the Ca II lines and the Mg II h and k lines. However, the stars with small Rossby numbers, i.e., stars with rapid rotations and/or long convective turnover times, show constant strengths of such lines against the Rossby number. In this study, we investigate the infrared Mg I emission lines at 8807 A of 47 zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS) stars in IC 2391 and IC 2602 using the archive data of the Anglo-Australian Telescope at the University College London Echelle Spectrograph. After subtracting the photospheric absorption component, the Mg I line is detected as an emission line for 45 ZAMS stars, whose equivalent widths are between 0.02 A and 0.52 A. A total of 42 ZAMS stars show the narrower Mg I emission lines instead of the Ca II infrared triplet emission lines, suggesting that they are formed at different depths. The ZAMS stars with smaller Rossby numbers show stronger Mg I emission lines. The Mg I emission line is not saturated even in"the saturated regime of the Ca II emission lines,"i.e., Rossby number<10^(-1.1). The Mg I emission line is considered to be a good indicator of chromospheric activity, particularly for active objects.


Geraniol is a highly valuable aroma chemical and having extensive use in perfumery and flavour compounds. There are three sources to isolate this aroma chemical. Palmarosa oil Cymbopogon martini commonly known 'Rosha'or russa is the main source of geraniol (80 95%) and Jamrosa oil contains 80-89%. Another source of geraniol is Cymbopogon winterianus (Java citronella oil), which contains 40-45% including citronellol. This paper reports the processing of these essential oils to the recovery of geraniol content and find out the comparative study in respect of yield and cost economics. Isolation of Geraniol content from various essential oils NADEEM AKBAR AND B.K. SAXENA Palmarosa Cymbopogon martini commonly known 'Rosha' or 'Russa' is a multi harvest perennial aromatic grass. The colorless to pale (greenish) yellow essential oil obtained on distillation from the flowering tops and foliage of the herb has great commercial value in high-grade perfumery. This oil is very rich in geraniol (80-95%). The total annual world production of palmarosa oil is estimated to be 200 tones. Out of this, India shares for major world production 70-80 tones. India remained a major exporter of palmarosa oil to the world market. Citronella oil is one of the industrially important essential oil obtained from different species of Cymbopogon belonging to family Graminae. The essential oil is volatile oil produced by steam, or water distillation of whole plant. The vapours are condensed to yield a water condensate and oil that can be separated off, usually by gravity. It is classified in trade into two types: Ceylon citronella oil, which is extracted from Cymbopogon nardus and java citronella oil, obtained from Cymbopogon winterianus. The main difference between these two oils is the proportion of geraniol and citronellal. The java type oil generally is considered to be of superior quality to the Ceylon oil. The high proportion of geraniol and citronellal in java citronella oil makes it an important source of various derivatives like Citronellol, citronellyl nitrile and hydroxycitronellal, which are extensively used in compounding high-grade perfumes. The Ceylon type citronella oil, which contains relatively low citronellal, is mainly used in cheaper products rather than for the production of derivatives. The world consumption of citronella oil has amounted to several thousand tons annually due to the most important source of geraniol and citronellal. In 1997, the world production of citronella oil is estimated at 5000 tons, valued at about 19 million US$. Most citronella oil is java citronella oil; production of Ceylon citronella oil is restricted to Sri Lanka and Nepal. Citronella oil is regarded as one of the twenty most important essential oil. It had a world production of 2830 tons in 1993, valued at US$10.8 million (Lawrence, 1993) and 3500 tons in 2005, valued at US$ 15.0 million. An Interspecific hybrid between Cymbopogon nardus var. confertiflorus and Cymbopogon jwarancusa was adequately evaluated and subsequently released as var. RRL-82 (jamrosa) providing an additional rich source of geraniol (Sobti et al., 1981). Jamrosa contains about 80-89% geraniol content. Due to high potential of geraniol in fragrance, flavour and essential oil industries, this study has been taken up for the production as well as cost economics of geraniol. In this study, first, saponification (hydrolysis) of the oil is carried out by using aqueous alkali solution and then fractionated the saponified oil under high vacuum. Actually, Fractionation is a process in which the oil is redistilled in vacuum so individual components, or fractions, are separated out as they evaporate one after the other. This is possible because fractions or constituent has its own rate of volatility based on time and temperature. MATERIALS AND METHODS The essential oils for the experiment are collected from the manufacturers and analysed by Gas Liquid Chromatograph to find out the percentage of geraniol content. The Hewlett Packard 5890 series II gas chromatograph is used and equipped with flame ionization •HIND INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY• The Asian J.of Hort. June 2008 Vol. 3 (1) : (....) ournal of Experimental Chemistry, Vol. 4 No. 1&2 (June & December, 2009) : 14-17 Accepted : February, 2009


Objective:To develop fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (FQ-RT-PCR) for quantitative detection of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell of patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods:the PBMC was separated, and the total RNA was extracted with Trizol lysate, and then the cDNA was transcripted, the SYBR GREEN- I was used in the amplification system for quantitative detection of TGF-β1 mRNA. Results:The FQ- RT-PCR could detect as low as 105 copies per milliliter recombined plasmid standard,the linear range was from 105 to 1011 copies per milliliter, and the coefficient variation were 2.27%~2.56% and 4.78%~5.22% in intra and inter-assay respectively. The levels of TGF-β1 mRNA in PBMC of patients with diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than that of healthy control(sP0.05).Conclusion:FQ-RT-PCR is a simple and rapid method as the primary application of the screening model for transforming growth factor β1 mRNA that eliminates the post-PCR processing steps.


Abstract The paper presents the dynamic response of annular three-layered plate subjected to loads variable in time. The plate is loaded in the plane of outer layers. The plate core has the electrorheological properties expressed by the Bingham body model. The dynamic stability loss of plate with elastic core is determined by the critical state parameters, particularly by the critical stresses. Numerous numerical observations show the influence of the values of viscosity constant and critical shear stresses, being the Bingham body parameters, on the supercritical viscous fluid plate behaviour. The problem has been solved analytically and numerically using the orthogonalization method and finite difference method. The solution includes both axisymmetric and asymmetric plate dynamic modes.


3466 | CrystEngComm, 2014, 16, 3466–3469 This journal is © The R Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Fax: +1 (613) 562 5170; Tel: +1 (613) 562 5800 ext. 2733 † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Additional data, Fig. S1–S8, Table S1 and S2. CCDC 966468 (2). For ESI and crystallographic data in CIF or other electronic format see DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00009a Scheme 1 Synthetic conditions for the is Cite this: CrystEngComm, 2014, 16, 3466


The purpose of this work-in-progress is to present a semi-empirical analysis method developed to predict the buckling and crippling loads of carbon/epoxy fabric blade stiffened panels in compression. This is a hand analysis method comprised of well known, accepted techniques, logical engineering judgements, and experimental data that results in conservative solutions. In order to verify this method, a stiffened panel was fabricated and tested. Both the best and analysis results are presented.


This paper offers an interpretive microanalysis of university students' work session with "Philippe," a multi-media instructional program for foreign language learning. The main objective of Philippe is to provide French-as-a-Foreign-Language learners with what is widely assumed to be what they need most: contacts with native spea;.ers of the target language. The program's potential as a computer-assisted language learning (CALL) environment is discussed, and results of a study in which students in 12 groups were observed and interviewed during various Philippe sessions are reviewed. Qualitative analysis of the program reveals different levels of actualization of Philippe potential as an effective CALL environment. Microethnographic evidence points to an interplay of motivational as well as local interactional factors shaping the students' overall stylistic approach to utilizing the program and the construction of distinct learning environments. Sessions by the two most extremely contrasting groups of students are described in detail, and a complex set of interconnected contextual factors is found to explain their diverse levels of activation of the program's potential as a learning environment. (Contains 17 references.)


The invention aims to obtain an electrode wiring structure for semiconductor devices that can suppress the occurrence of voids in an aluminum alloy wiring irrespective of the orientation of the wiring. An interlayer insulating film 11, a titanium layer 12, a titanium nitride layer 13 serving as barrier layer, a wiring layer of aluminum alloy 15 and a protective film 18 are formed on top of the silicon substrate 10 to compose the electrode structure. In this case, a distortion relaxation layer 14, an upper film of thickness 10 nm and which is an intermetallic compound comprising aluminum and titanium in its composition, is formed between the titanium nitride layer 13 and the aluminum alloy wiring layer 15. due to this relaxation layer distortions, a width of the wiring 1 mum, the number of voids in Al with greater than 0.3 mu m width is substantially reduced to 0 .


Space weather, including solar activity and background plasma, sets up spacecraft conditions that can magnify the threat from hypervelocity impacts. Hypervelocity impactors include both meteoroids, traveling between 11 and 72 km/s, and orbital debris, with typical impact speeds of 10 km/s. When an impactor encounters a spacecraft, its kinetic energy is converted over a very short timescale into energy of vaporization and ionization, resulting in a small, dense plasma. This plasma can produce radio frequency (RF) emission, causing electrical anomalies within the spacecraft.


Type A botulinum neurotoxin is produced along with 6-7 neurotoxin associated proteins to form a complex in addition to the neurotoxin. Immunological reactivity of type A botulinum complex and purified hemagglutinin (Fu et al., 1998) to polyclonal antibody raised against the complex have been investigated using ELISA. In competitive ELISA, 50% inhibition of the binding of IgG antibody against complex A is observed at 78 ng/ml of complex and hemagglutinin-33, suggesting that the hemagglutinin-33 accounts for most of the immunogenic response of the complex. Considering the fact that the complex consists of a group of proteins with a cumulative molecular weight of 900 kDa, hemagglutinin-33 may be one of the major immunoreactive proteins present in the type A neurotoxin complex.


Due to rapid growth of the wireless based application services; demand for wireless sensor networks has increased that use battery more efficiently. In WSN enhancing the life span of network depends on the energy dissipation of the sensor devices. Reducing the energy dissipation of sensor devices will improve the lifetime and device failure which help in better connectivity and coverage of sensor network. There has been various approach that has been developed to improve energy efficiency of sensor network among that clustering is a significant technique that help in improving the network lifetime by reducing the energy consumption but the issues with existing methodology is the energy inefficiency in selecting the cluster head which result in loss of connectivity thus reducing the life time of network. To overcome this, the author proposes a cross layer design for cluster head selection based on connectivity of node. The experimental result shows that the proposed CL_LEACH perform better than existing LEACH in term of network lifetime, node decay rate and network communication overhead.


"' Sensitivity analysis is a powerful first-order mathematical technique that identifies the major reactions, the effects of errors in rate constants, pressure effects, and temperature effects in a plasma chemistry type model. Several methods of sensitivity analysis have been discussed in the literature. This paper describes the successful implementation of the state transition matrix method to the sensitivity analysis of a Xe~ plasma chemistry model using both e-beams and ions for excitation. The ion excited plasma study is important to the field of nuclear-pumped lasers. This model examines 8 species and 37 reactions.


River ABSTRACT Trawl fishing contributes to majority of the total fishes' landings, supporting the choice of using age, growth determination, and condition factors (K) as part of the monitoring method for the fishes in Malaysia waters. This research specifically examines the use of age, length-weight relationship (LWR), and K to monitor the status of the commercially important fishes in Malaysia waters. LWR, K, and age of 10 commercially important trawl species (Gerres erythrourus, Drepane punctata, Otolithes ruber, Anodontostoma chacunda, Drepane longimana, Dendrophysa russelii, Sillago parvisquamis, Cynoglossus bilineatus, Sardinella brachysoma, and Alepes kleinii) from Mersing coastal waters, Johor, Malaysia, were studied. LWR (W=aLb) indicated positive allometric growth (b > 3) for G. erythrourus and D. punctata but negative allometric growth (b < 3) for the other species. Results indicated that the species collected were in good conditions (average K, Kn > 1) in Mersing coastal waters, Johor, Malaysia. The daily growth rings of scale counts confirmed that the ages of the 10 species were typically less than 1 year (age range: 50-170 days; mean age: 95 days). The data obtained from this study will be useful for understanding the population growth pattern, age, and wellbeing of commercially important trawl species, which will facilitate better management techniques of these important fishery resources.


This paper briefly discusses some of the present methods used for the measurement of technology. Shortcomings of the methods discussed are noted with respect to both cross section and time series data. The paper then defines technology and presents a new method for the measurement of technology with the use of set theory. Formulas are presented for calculating indexes of technology and aggregating these indexes over firms in an industry. A hypothetical example is presented to illustrate the method of measurement. Several possible uses of the proposed measurement of technology are suggested in the paper. These include policy models, demand equations, and linear programming.


To aid an investigation into sail equipped vessels in the Sea of Japan, a questionnaire was sent to shipping companies. Results of the questionnaire showed that sailing vessels show good adaptability to the traffic route in the Sea of Japan because the vessels can sail in heavy weather conditions when other types of ship cannot. Mostly liquid cargo is carried on the traffic route on the Sea of Japan, due to the limited space on a sail equipped vessels, liquid cargo is more favourable because of cargo handling operations. The most important disadvantage of the sailing vessel is its manoeuvrability in a harbour.


Within the wider field of research in homiletics special emphasis has been placed on investigation dealing with hermeneutical homiletics. In Europe Dingemans initiated research focused on this specific field of homiletics in 1991. In South Africa the research and findings of Pieterse and Vos on hermeneutical homiletics are prominent at this stage. The emphasis in research on this aspect of homiletics has, however, in a sense been preceded by the work of Fred Craddock – work that has till date not been highlighted and evaluated sufficiently by South African theologians. Craddock's work in this field may be regarded as transitional in nature. In Craddock's approach the focus has shifted from research dealing mainly with the formal aspects of preaching to research bringing into perspective, among others, an inductive form of preaching. In applying the inductive form of preaching the function of the hearer as interpreter is utilised. The power and generative use of language in a sermon is also brought to the fore in this form of preaching. Craddock has indeed brought to light core elements in homiletical research – elements still serving as a stimulus for research on hermeneutical homiletics. Craddock's approach to preaching – the inductive method – directs the attention to the structure of the sermon, as well as the "movements" and the development of the train of thought within the sermon as essential elements of inductive preaching. Furthermore, the aim of uniting the different elements of the sermon and the use of imaginative language in a sermon is also stressed by Craddock's method. In conclusion this article attempts an evaluation of some of Craddock's viewpoints on preaching.


Circuits and methods are described for reducing leakage power in integrated circuit devices whose logic transistors (e.g., logic circuits, latches, and/or output stages) are powered through one or more controllable source transistors. By way of example the circuit has at least one source transistor (MPS31) (e.g., power, ground, or both power and ground) for selectively supplying power to a stage within an integrated circuit device. A means for modulating (CS) the state of the source transistor (MPS31) operates in response to changes in the operating mode (high/low) of the integrated circuit to turn on the source transistor (MPS31) prior to turning on the logic transistors (MNL31-33), and/or to turn off the source transistor (MPS31) after turning off the logic transistors (MNL31-33). In one aspect the delay (ABUF & Pre-Dec) prior to turning off the logic transistors (MNL31-33) can be sufficiently extended to reduce power consumption arising from unnecessarily turning on and off the source transistors (MPS31) for short periods.


To supplement college introductory statistics instruction, an interactive drill system was developed and implemented on a Hewlett- Packard 2000 timesharing computer. Unlimited practice in basic procedures and algorithms was provided over 38 topics including Chi-square, correlational methods, and one-way analysis of variance. Validation of intermediate computational steps was provided, and more difficult or remedial problems sets were made available. Optional files recorded performance data. Four support programs initialized performance files and generated summary reports. Extensive documentation and a library of reusable subroutines were designed to assist future authors to expand the system. The drill and practice system was made generally available to all university departments and students.


Consideration was given to the influence of the expansion ratio and a relative volume of the axisymmetric collection chamber on the loss factors of the diffusion-free discharge nozzles of high pressure cylinders (DN HPC) with two parallel pipe bends connected to the collection chamber. Methods of the estimation of loss coefficients were suggested based on the data of experimental investigations of the models of discharge nozzles carried out using the static aerodynamic test bench with the turbine cascade simulator. It was proved that the simulator should be installed at relatively low volumes of the collection chamber. A dimensionless criterion was proposed to describe a relative volume of the collection chamber. It has been established that the net loss factor of diffusion-free DN HPC cannot be less than 1.5 due to the complicated helical flow in the collection chamber and high hydraulic losses caused by the entry of helical steam flow into the pipe bends (outlet pipes). To estimate the operation efficiency of DN HPC we offered to use the hydraulic loss coefficient that takes into account inhomogeneous flux flattening losses in the initial section of outlet pipes in addition to actual hydraulic losses. Proceeding from common methodological standpoint, the research data obtained for DN HPC and cogeneration steam bleeding channels of the flow pass of steam turbines were compared. It has been established that when the steam leaves the cogeneration steam bleeding chamber through one or two pipe bends stagnation pressure losses are in the range of 0.4 to 0.8 of the dynamic pressure calculated using the average flow rate in pipe bends.


At the ATK facility in Utah, large full scale solid rocket motors are tested. The largest is a five segment version of the Reusable Solid Rocket Motor, which is for use on future launch vehicles. Since 2006, Acoustic measurements have been taken on large solid rocket motors at ATK. Both the four segment RSRM and the five segment RSRMV have been instrumented. Measurements are used to update acoustic prediction models and to correlate against vibration responses of the motor. Presentation focuses on two major sections: Part I) Unique challenges associated with measuring rocket acoustics Part II) Acoustic measurements summary over past five years


Specified craft production is a major characteristic of all complex civilizations, and archaeologists have frequently utilized craft specialization as a distinguishing element in identifying and researching the evolution of political complexity. This study aims to better realize the design of modern craft products, using a combination of digital image processing technique and visual sensing system. The impact of digital technology combined with a visual sensing system on product design is investigated and an improved oriented fast and rotated brief (ORB) feature matching algorithm is designed for target image feature extraction. To verify the performance of the algorithm, different experiments are designed for the accomplishment of purification effect, scale invariance, rotation invariance, and computation time. Results show that the corresponding performance accuracies after continuous purification using the angle constraint method are 99.6%, 99.3%, and 99.7%, respectively, which are significantly higher than the accuracy of a single action. In addition, the absolute value of the error of the rotation angle measured by the improved ORB feature matching algorithm is 0.14° on average. It shows that the improved ORB feature matching algorithm has high matching accuracy. The proposed algorithm improves the accuracy of target image feature extraction and has important significance in image recognition.


Objective To identify the risk factors coming from the company which produces HDI 100 tons per year,to evaluate preventive measure and effect.Methods Checklist,quantitative classification and comprehensive analysis were applied.Results MAC value of phosgene was 0.07 mg/m3,STEL values of orthodichlorobenzene were 0.23-2.6 mg/m3,STEL values of chloroberzene were 0.9-1.5 mg/m3,MAC value of hydrogen chloride was 0.5 mg/m3,power frequency high tension electric field was 0.9-1.0 kV/m,noise intensities were 48.5-72.1 dB(A).The above results all accorded with national standards.Conclusion The risk factors of occupational diseases in the project could be effectively prevented.


Nordic Light designs and manufactures lights to companies and retail shops all around the globe, and it is important to keep the right light to get the right impression for our vision. In a retail ...


Purpose: To evaluate the results of bleb needling revision with adjunctive 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in chronic filtering bleb failure over 6 months post-trabeculectomy. Method: A prospective study of failed trabeculectomies in a glaucoma clinic between November 2017 and April 2019 were treated with bleb needling revision with 5-FU injection by the same glaucoma specialist and technique. A 27 gauge needle was used to achieve multiple punctures of subconjunctival fibrosis or encystment to attempted elevation of the scleral flap. In all cases, 0.1 ml of 50 mg/ml of 5-FU was then injected subconjunctivally superior to the re-formed bleb, and topical prednisolone acetate and moxifloxacin were prescribed. Success was defined as target IOP achieved and maintained less than 21 mmHg without anti-glaucoma medication at 12 months after first needling. Patients were followed up and re-needled as required. Results: Needling was attempted on 51 eyes (30 eyes of POAG, 18 eyes of PACG and 3 eyes of secondary glaucoma). The mean number of needling procedures was 1.88 (range 1-10). Needling was successful in 41 (80.4 %) eyes. The average pre-needling IOP was 24.8 ± 12.6 mmHg and the average post needling IOP was 13.5 ± 7.4 mmHg (P < 0.001) at 12 months after first needling. The mean number of medications pre-needling was 2.6 ± 1.4 and post-needing was 0.3 ± 0.5 (P < 0.001). The mean time post trabeculectomy was 68 months (range 6120 months). Prognostic factors for failure of needling revision was preneedling IOP > 25 mmHg (HR = 3.1, P = 0.0003), needling revision ≥ 3 times (HR = 2.6, P = 0.0012) and history of repeated filtration surgery before performed this procedure (HR = 1.8, P = 0.011). Ten eyes (19.6 %) did not respond to needling; 6 eyes of POAG, 3 eyes of PACG and and 1 eye of secondary glaucoma which required revised trabeculectomy, glaucoma drainage device implantation and anti-glaucoma medication. Three eyes had complications; 2 hyphema and 1 hypotony and no other procedures were required. Conclusion: Late bleb needling revision with 5-FU injection is still an effective and lasting treatment for the majority of failed trabeculectomy and avoid further surgery included Thai patients. More than one needling is frequently necessary to achieve target IOP. The procedure is relatively safe, with a short operating time and is minimally invasive with less complications. Conflicts of interest: The author report no conflicts of interest


Abstract: A noteworthy achievement in automotive technology is the creation of an automatic hand gesture-controlled robot that can operate and control a variety of car operations. By enabling drivers to keep their hands on the wheel and their eyes on the road, this technology improves driver comfort and safety by lowering distractions, increasing driving focus, and lowering the chance of accidents. It is especially useful in circumstances where quick access to particular functions is necessary. Additionally, the technology encourages accessibility for people with physical limitations, enabling them to drive independently. However, precision and dependability are essential for a successful implementation, and user education are required to guarantee that drivers comprehend and use the movements the system detects.The automatic hand gesture-controlled car system shows promise in enhancing convenience, safety, and accessibility, but further research and development are needed to improve accuracy, reliability, and user-friendliness.


-Purpose: It is well recognized that addressing patient safety related incidents have a positive impact on patient healthcare outcomes. However, health care professional's attitudes towards patient participation in patient safety were minimally assessed in Sri Lanka Methodology This is a hospital-based descriptive, cross-sectional study were carried out in tertiary care Women's hospitals in the Colombo district. The sample size is 422. Stratified random sampling methods were used to get the required sample size. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Findings Overall, there was a positive attitude for the patient involvement in patient safety in both women's hospitals among all three-health care professional categories. Originality/value Comparison study of Perspectives of HCPs on patient involvement in patient safety survey, which was done in SL for the first time in a government woman's hospitals in Sri Lanka.


Jiri Karel Lintner was born in Czechoslovakia. He was studying medicine at Brno University when the Nazis invaded in 1939 and closed the universities. He left his home country and made the hazardous journey to the Middle East to join the British Army. He fought at El Alamein and was decorated. In 1942 he was seconded to Beirut University to complete his studies. He then returned to active service as a doctor.

After the war he returned to Czechoslovakia with his first …


This paper reviews the Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications that help achieve water-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Current applications of AI in the water sector include i) predictive maintenance of water infrastructure, ii) forecasting water demand and consumption, iii) monitoring water reservoirs and dams, iv) tracking water quality, and v) monitoring and predicting water-related disasters. These applications contribute to achieving water-related SDG targets, specifically 3, 6, 11, and 15. The literature review shows that: i) the rate of adoption of AI-based solutions in predictive maintenance of water infrastructure has accelerated, as AI becomes increasingly accessible, and data analytics and smart sensors become more efficient and affordable; ii) deep learning technology has enabled a new generation of water management systems, which can generate short-term (daily) and long-term (annual) forecasts. iii) as Asia and South America experience an increase in water reservoir and dam construction, AI-based techniques are being successfully implemented in reservoir development and operation; iv) water quality monitoring has been the most significantly impacted by AI relative to other applications, as AI is used to examine small samples and large water bodies, and for real time water quality monitoring; v) AI can be used to forecast water-related disasters with higher accuracy, frequency and lead time, allowing for focused management of post-disaster activity. The paper ends by highlighting the challenges of adopting AI to achieve water-related SDGs.


Existing multifactorial particle swarm optimization algorithms treat all particles equally with a consistent inter-task exemplar selection and generation strategy. This may lead to poor performance when the algorithm searches partial optimal areas belonging to different tasks at the later stage. In pedagogy, teachers teach students in different levels distinctively under their cognitive and learning abilities. Inspired by this idea, in this work, we devise a novel level-based inter-task learning strategy upon a dynamic local topology of inter-task particles. The proposed method separates particles into several levels and assigns particles to different levels with distinct inter-task learning methods. Specifically, we propose a level-based inter-task learning strategy to transfer sharing information among the cross-task neighborhood. By assigning the particles with diverse search preferences, the algorithm is able to explore the search space by using the cross-task knowledge, while reserving an ability to refine the search area. In addition, to address the issue of inter-task neighbor selection, we reform dynamically the local topology structure across the inter-task particles by methodical sampling, evaluating and selecting processes. Experimental results on the benchmark problems demonstrate that the proposed method enables the efficient cross-domain information transfer via the level-based inter-task learning.


238 Background: DEAD box RNA helicase DDX5/p68, and its phosphorylated form in particular, may play several important roles in cancer by means of cell transformation, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell migration, deeming it a promising target for novel anti-cancer therapeutics. We have previously shown that Supinoxin (RX-5902) interacts with phosphorylated p68 on Tyr593, interfering with the phosphorylated p68-β-catenin signaling pathway. Supinoxin also inhibits motility of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell lines and could potentially prevent metastasis in cancer. Methods: In this study, we first demonstrated anti-proliferative effects in several cell lines originated from pancreas (5 cell lines) with a high level of sensitivity to Supinoxin (IC50 of 18 nM). We also sought to examine the tumor growth inhibition (TGI) and/or tumor growth delay (TGD), and survival benefits of Supinoxin in the human pancreatic carcinoma (MiaPaCa-2) xenograft mouse model. Results: In the MiaPaCa-2 model, at 50 and 7...


This paper is to analyze learning methods of simple association, medium, discovery, meaning receiving, instrument, development, problem solving and accident, and aims to find out methods and skills suitable for the characteristics of preschool children learning.


Brush cutting and weeding were taken respectively in different bamboo groves which were harmed by leaf mites.After one-year study,the results showed that the damages and population density of leaf mites in weeded bamboo grove was higher than that in brush-cut bamboo grove.It was suggested that tending should hinge on local conditions.Bamboo grove should not be weeded,where brush was not luxuriant and the soil was porous.Brush cutting should be taken on August to September in bamboo grove where brush was luxuriant,but no weed.Study of letting off predatory mites to control harmful leaf mites showed that the control effect in bamboo grove with weeds was better than that in bamboo grove where weeds was eliminated or brush was cut.So complete reclaim and brush cutting should be prohibited in bamboo grove when predatory mites were used to control harmful leaf mites.


MFI zeolite membrane was prepared on α Al 2O 3 substrate tube by in situ hydrothermal synthesis. The ultrasonic cleaner was used to evaluate the adhesion strength of zeolite crystals on the substrate. The ultrasonic cleaning method, combined with XRD, SEM and other characterization techniques, is effective for characterization of zeolite membrane. The gas permeation behavior through MFI zeolite membrane is different from the Knudsen mechanism, indicating that the MFI zeolite membrane has no defects and has the ability of sieving molecules.


Parameters in transportation problems include transport of cost, supply and demand not always ascertainable for sure and alterable over time. Because, uncertainty mentioned so can use fuzzy numbers. The use of fuzzy numbers on transport of costs, supply and demand resulted in the formation of fuzzy transportation problem. By using fuzzy transportation problem the total transport cost and commodity allocation can be predicted. Purpose of this study is to predict the total transport cost and commodity allocation. This study is a case study which collects data parameters from CV. Mentari Nusantara Feedmill. From the data research , obtained the initial solution total transport cost in February use Fuzzy North West Corner amounted Rp.33.136.709. And to determine the optimality of the initial solutions obtained use the Fuzzy Modied Distribution to obtain the total transport cost prediction in February amounted Rp.31.965.025. And also obtained the prediction allocation of commodity in February for Depo Cash Martapura amounted 6.192 kg, Depo Nalem Sembiring amounted 51.400 kg, Depo Siti Kamilah amounted 18.792 kg and Depo Tjou Tjie amounted 33.200 kg


This paper aims to examine the roots, dynamics, and resolutions of land conflict between Rengas farmers and Limbang Jaya farmers with PTPN VII Cinta Manis in Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra. Authors use qualitative method through deepening data from depth interviews, observation and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results showed that the roots of the conflict are different foundation claims, lack of transparency in the mechanism of compensation, land grabbing by companies. The key findings of the conflict dynamics study was that conflict between farmers of Rengas with PTPN VII Cinta Manis led to reclaiming action by farmers which was regarded as a victory for the resistance of farmers in conflict. This reclaiming action attracted more regions into the conflict contestation, including farmers of Limbang Jaya. Rengas conflict and Limbang Jaya conflict was different: Rengas conflict had history of resistance since the beginning, while the conflict of Limbang Jaya was an escalation of the Rengas conflict. Conflict resolution was taken through advocating by civil society element and mediation by stakeholders. Both resolutions approaches have not been able to provide a sustainable resolution, due to advocacy efforts tend to be a massive confrontation, while mediation was only a procedural matter not a substantive matter.


The real frontier between Mexico and the United States lies imbedded deeply and irrevo cably within the hearts of all Ch?canos or Mexican Americans, wherever they may live. The very fact that large numbers of Ch?canos still prefer to call themselves Mexican Americans demonstrates the existence of a split or hybrid identity and is a fact that has been well documented in both social science and literary studies that are far weightier than this humble offering. If, however, the obvious elements characterizing this identity conflict have indeed been thoroughly presented and perceived by the public, Chicano and Anglos alike, then why do there still persist such movies as Ra?ces de sangre and stories, novels, and other literary forms which focus again and again upon this very theme? The answer is simple. The presentation of the psychological, intellectual and emotional di lemmas of the Chicano population, perhaps best characterized as a "country divided against itself," cannot be discarded; it is an essential and even mandatory task to be performed as long as there remain millions of people, in this country and abroad, who have no idea of the existence of such a thing as a Chicano population, who have no idea of this group's historical and cultural significance to the United States, and who have no idea or understanding of the complexity of issues arising from the schism created in 1848 between the undocumented Mexican national and the Chicano within this country. In "Seguin: Traitor or Hero?" Luis Reyes characterizes Jes?s Trevi?o's PBS offering in similar terms:


Pipings and pipelines are vulnerable to internal and external corrosion and subjected to deposit accumulation because of chemical effects. Determining the extend and progress rate of corrosion and deposit provides useful information about the operational life and safety of the equipments and plants. The condition of pipings and pipelines can be monitored by the proper use of non-destructive inspection methods even while the plant is in operation. Pitting is a special kind of corrosion, which is very often encountered in pipes. Detection of corrosion pits in pipes can easily be performed by using tangential radiographic and film density measurement methods. Detection of pits, which are associated with deposit can not be directly performed by density measurement method and requires special simulations. This study describes the determination of depths of pits in pipes associated with deposit by radiographic density measurement method. Special simulations were made in order to obtain density-deposit thickness reference curves for the evaluation of deposit thickness and thus pit depth. Difficulties and limitations of the method were discussed.


Recent scholars have construed Gogol's "Overcoat," along with its hero Akakii Akakievich, as pure literary performance. Popkin represents the inarticulate copy-clerk as "little more than a verbal artifact," while Bernheimer describes Akakii as "a text … that can be deciphered not as a series of significant signs but only as a succession of discrete letters." This article pursues a very literal extension of this line of critical investigation, presenting Akakii as an individual alphabetic character in search of context, difference and, ultimately, meaning. The 1820s and 1830s in Russia witnessed a marked revival of concern with the form and significance of the alphabet. During these years, orthographic issues were widely reported in the press and debated in scholarly circles. The old tradition of anthropomorphic alphabets, which had several well-known precedents in the eighteenth century, underwent a simultaneous renaissance in the years just preceding Gogol's composition of "Overcoat." Indeed, according to Vaiskopf, the period in question saw a rebirth of a playful tradition allegorically associating the letters of the alphabet with the Russian bureaucratic hierarchy. Gogol would undoubtedly have been familiar with the issues and polemics surrounding the alphabet, and with the proliferation of literary responses to the orthographic question. The text of Gogol's "Overcoat" incorporates numerous hints about Akakii's familiar relationship with letters: he copies them lovingly, winks and laughs at his favorites, and sees them superimposed on the outer world. Earlier drafts of the story include the names of specific old Cyrillic letters, unambiguously suggesting their embodiment in the story's hero. Akakii's obsession with letters extends only as far as their form, however; unable to wield words to create meaning, he is interested solely in their outward shape and reproduction, rather than their content. This paper will explore "Overcoat" as Gogol's unique literary transformation of the alphabet question, in which Akakii represents a solitary, unsignifying signifier.


Automatic repeat request (ARQ) is very effective in error control, and among various ARQs, selective repeat gives the best throughput characteristics where infinite-capacity buffers are theoretically required in the transmitter and receiver stations. Therefore, in practice, a modified selective repeat request method with a finite-capacity buffer must be devised. In this paper, a selective repeat method is proposed where multiple frames corresponding to a message may continuously be sent. Based on the error rate, number of repeats, and round-trip delay time, the appropriate number of multiple transmissions for maximum throughput in the case of a finite-capacity buffer is derived. It is shown that good throughput characteristics can be achieved in the proposed method with an appropriate number of multiple transmissions. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 1, 84(6): 68–76, 2001


Peeper (dialysis membrane) technique was used to sample the interstitial water of bottom sludge and the overlying water near the interface in Fubao bay,Dianchi lake. In these samples,the contents of soluble trace heavy metals were analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS),and the diffusion fluxes of them were estimated at sediment-water interface based on Fick's first law. The results showed that the concentrations of trace heavy metals in the overlying water of Fubao bay were not high,the contents of Fe,Cu,Zn,Ni,Co,Cd,Cr,Pb and As were 25.53,30.58,221.67,15.93,1.91,1.12,19.26,31.08 and 9.41 μg·l-1,respectively,and the contents of them in water could be consonant with the second standard of the Chinese Environmental Quality Standard for surface water. From the overlying water to the interstitial water at the sediment-water interface,the contents of trace heavy metals decreased gradually except for that of As. Based on calculations using the Fick's first law,for the whole bay,the adsorption amount of Fe,Cu,Zn,Ni,Co,Cd,Cr,Pb and As were estimated to be 3.48,8.70,70.66,4.52,0.16,0.31,1.55,12.03,0.38 kg·a-1.


A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN
PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT FOR B. TECH IN
ELECTRIC/COMPUTER ENGINEERING.
AT
FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
MINNA, NIGER STATE


The essay examines the case of the documented beginnings of a dynasty of master builders (in south-east Sicily in the mid 16 th century): the Odierna family. The brevity and incompleteness of the sources lead to an initial, superficial interpretation; a simple artisan dimension with little real information. However, it requires an additional - deeper interpretation to grasp the true picture - of the first modern age of the Island. After the 1542 earthquake, a multi-disciplinary study of the surviving monuments, of the patrons and of the relations with the other artists reveal a moment of particular activity in the area, enriched by the still mysterious but talented "external" presences.  Keywords: Sicily, master builders, 16tn century, Odierna family


One of the main results in the paper of the title is potentially incorrect as stated. To correct the statement the notion of the link of a subcomplex in a simplicial complex is required, and this is more general than the usual definition of link. This new definition is given here and it is shown that it indeed gives the required theorem. The aim of the paper in the title is to provide a local condition for a complex Δ = Γ k ∪ Σ to be saturated over a subcomplex Γ . If and τ denote the restriction and inner face of the gluing respectively then a null-continuation of is an element f in the face module M such that ( + f )′ = 0. The Theorem 4.4 stated that Δ is saturated over Γ if and only if has a null-continuation f ∈ M where Λ denotes the link of τ in Γ . After the publication of the paper Hugh Thomas (personal communication, April 2005) pointed out an error in the statement of Theorem 4.15 to us. As a consequence we can no longer assert that saturation implies that the faces of the null-continuation lie in Λ, but only that they lie in a somewhat larger neighbourhood complex of τ . A suitable notion of neighbourhood which addresses this difficulty is the link of a subcomplex, rather than just of a single face. This is defined in Section 2. In Section 3 we state and prove the Null-Link Theorem based on the link of a certain subcomplex. All but two of the results in the paper work with our new version of the Null-Link Theorem which is Theorem 3.1 below. We also make some comments on the remaining cases. We are grateful to Hugh Thomas for making us aware of this problem.


Abstract Consumers are becoming progressively demanding in urban commerce with the booming development of the internet and e-commerce. Recent research on location selection for commercial centers e...


Global motion of magnetohydrodynamic fluid in a domain bounded by
a free surface and under the external electrodynamic field is proved. The
motion is such that velocity and magnetic field are small in $H^3$-space.


In this paper, the seismic damage analysis and control design of passive energy dissipation system installed in reinforced concrete structures have been studied. At first, based on large quantities of research results on seismic damage and energy dissipation at home and abroad, a seismic damage analysis method of energy dissipation structures and a practical way for weak floor seismic damage computation are put forward. Then, on the basis of three-level performance objectives suggested in reference [5] for seismic damage of reinforced concrete structures, a method is hereby given for seismic damage control design. Lastly, the feasibility and validity of these methods are verified through a design example.


Distal radial fracture is the most common fracture of upper extremity in all age group. In recent years, fixation with distal radial locking plate and external fixator both have become widely accepted modalities for treating unstable distal radial fracture. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome of unstable distal radial fracture (AO/OTA 2.3B2 to C3) treated by internal and external fixations. Sample size was60 with (AO/ OTA 2.3-B2 to C3) fracture as per set criteria and was treated either by distal radial locking plate or by external fixator. Quick DASH Score was used for evaluation of functional outcome of surgery. Out of 60 patients, male (75%) were more than female (25%), maximum age incidence was found in 46-55 years age group (31.7%), right side involvement was 68.3% and left side was 31.7%. Over 66% incidence was due to RTA. Type of injury was 11.7% B2, 18.3% B3, 43.3% C1, 20.0% C2 and 6.7% C3. External fixation was 58.3% and internal fixation was 41.7%. Mean ± SD duration of operation was 39.14 ± 7.017 minutes in external fixation group and 92.80 ± 21.703 minutes in internal fixation group. Functional outcome was75.9% good and 17.2% excellent in external fixation group and 52.2% good and 34.8% excellent in fixation with distal radial locking plate group according to Quick DASH Score. Postoperative complication like soft tissue infection 34.3% and delayed union 25.7% and wrist stiffness 74.3% was in external fixation group and in internal fixation group, patients had suffered from soft tissue infection 32% and wrist stiffness 56%. No patient had non-union. Mean ± SD radiological union time in external fixation group was 16.53 ± 5.386 weeks and in internal fixation group was 16.67 ± 5.264 weeks. After 12 months of surgery both external fixation and locked volar plating provide good to excellent clinical outcomes.


A front-runner in modern technological advancement, machine learning relies heavily on the use of personal data. It follows that, when assessing the scope of confidentiality for machine learning models, understanding the potential role of encryption is critical. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are a subset of artificial feed-forward neural networks tailored specifically for image recognition and classification. As the popularity of CNN increases, so too does the need for privacy preserving classification. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) refers to a cryptographic system that allows for computation on encrypted data to obtain an encrypted result such that, when decrypted, the result is the same value that would have been obtained if the operations were performed on the original unencrypted data. The objective of this research was to explore the application of HE alongside CNN with the creation of privacy-preserving CNN layers that have the ability to operate on encrypted images. This was accomplished through (1) researching the underlying structure of preexisting privacy-preserving CNN classifiers, (2) creating privacy-preserving convolution, pooling, and fully-connected layers by mapping the computations found within each layer to a space of homomorphic computations, (3) developing a polynomial-approximated activation function and creating a privacy-preserving activation layer based on this approximation, (4) testing and profiling the designed application to asses efficiency, performance, accuracy, and overall practicality.


Tajikistan is the poorest of the former Soviet Union countries. Agriculture is important for the livelihood of the rural population and so is the dairy industry. In recent years, investment has been made in the dairy industry and by identifying areas of improvement, the economy of the country could be improved. The purpose of this study was to observe milking routines and to investigate the prevalence of mastitis in large dairy farms in the region around the capital city.

Eleven farms were visited in four different regions surrounding the capital, Dushanbe, and 281 cows were examined. The farms were visited during one milking where the routines were observed and noted in a protocol. Individual milk samples were collected and somatic cell count in the milk was determined by the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Cows with CMT three or higher had a plain clinical exam and questions regarding lactation number, lactation stage, amount of milk and known diseases were made.

The results of the study showed that only a few of the internationally recommended milking routines were applied. Out of seven routines that are identified as positive for production, udder health and milk quality, seven farms used two or less. All farms cleaned the udder and/or the teats in some way but none inspected the milk visually before milking. Regarding the mastitis results, almost 60% of the cows had mastitis and the prevalence was 35% on quarter level. No clear pattern was seen between milking routines and mastitis prevalence, but it should be noticed that the number of farms were too small to do statistical analyses.

There is a need for further studies regarding milking routines, milking technique, management, handling of the milk after milking and transport and processing of the milk to identify areas of improvement. Recommendations that would be possible to give to the farmers after this study regarding milking routines are: proper hand wash, visual inspection of the milk and drying of the teats as well as education in milking techniques and management.


There are a variety of reasons for which one might claim an exemption from a public health mandate such as a required COVID-19 vaccine. Good-faith exemption requests—for medical, religious, or other reasons—are generally recognized as legitimate and granted to individuals when the imposition of the mandate on the requestor is perceived to outweigh the corresponding risk their lack of vaccination poses to the health and rights of others. This paper develops a method of analysis rooted in Western analytic philosophy designed to examine these issues and arrive at a framework for assessing the scientific, moral, and religious claims for exemptions from COVID-19 vaccinations. I argue that some empirical and moral beliefs are epistemically superior to others when they have a correspondence with agreed-upon facts about the world, are grounded in shared human experience, employ strong and substantive reasons for their claims, and embrace common convictions evidenced in the character of moral agents. Such facts must be demonstrable in the form of observably verifiable evidence and reliable testimony. Only then should a request for an exemption to an otherwise-required public health mandate (including a vaccine) be recognized. The alternative creates various difficulties, including the problem of moral arbitrariness.


Anglophone Nigerian literature started to receive widespread recognition as early as the 1950s, and Nigeria has, since then, not ceased to produce noteworthy writers. To pioneering figures such as Chinua Achebe, Wole Soyinka and Amos Tutuola, all of whom published their first works shortly before the nation"s independence, have succeeded other household names, including Ben Okri, Buchi Emecheta and Niyi Osundare. A few years ago, the international literary scene witnessed the advent of a so-called "third-generation" of Nigerian writers, comprising outstanding talents like Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Chris Abani and Chika Unigwe. 1 Significantly, the vast majority of these successful young authors live either in Europe or in the United States. Over the past half century, it has thus become increasingly clear that the concept of Nigerian literature in its broadest sense could not be dissociated from the idea of diaspora. If Achebe and Soyinka are generally not considered diasporic writers, 2 this description has been applied to authors who settled in Britain as young adults and have spent most of their time there since then, such as Okri and Emecheta. It is not only their place of residence but also the subject


Abstract We analyzed 105 patients under 18 years. The median age was 21 months. There were 54 boys and 51 girls. The supratentorial tumors were in 53 patients, infratentorial in 48, and in spinal cord in 4. 60 had stage M0,29-М+and 16-Mx. All the patients got surgical treatment:total tumor removal in 34,subtotal in 37,partial in 30,and biopsy in 4;75 patients got chemoradiotherapy to ATRT-2006;6-CWS;13-EU-RHAB;5-HIT-SKK;individual schemes in 6. RESULTS: 47 are alive,1 was LFU, and 57 died. PFS was 32%±0.05; the five-year OS 40%±0.05. The median survival-30 months, the median progression-free survival-12 months, and the median of follow-up-23 months. PFS was significantly better in patients more than 12 months compared to patients younger than 12 months:40 and 12%;p=0.00161.After total resection PFS was higher compared to subtotal resection, partial resection, and tumor biopsy:48,38,0,and 0%(p=0.025). After chemoradiotherapy, PFS was higher compared to patients without radiotherapy: 49and 0%(р=0.0000000).PFS for stage M0 was higher compared to stage M+and stage Mx:41,15,and 27%,respectively(р=0.00032).PFS was better for the tumors in the spinal cord and infratentorial location compared to the supratentorial location:67,37,and 25%(p=0.0876).The survival rate was higher among the patients who got treatment according to the ATRT-2006 protocol compared to EU-RHAB, individual regimens, CWS, and HIT-SKK:39,19,17,17,and 0% respectively;p=0.00159.The survival was higher among the patients who got intraventricular/intrathecal Methotrexate,Cytarabine, Prednisolone than among the patients who got only Methotrexate or none at all:40,0,and 5%, respectively; p=0.00015. CONCLUSIONS: Survival was significantly better in patients more than 12month, without metastases, with total removal tumor, chemotheradiotherapy by ATRT-2006 protocol with i/t, i/v Methotrexate/Cytarabine/Prednisolone.


A computer-assisted student advising system was evaluated using student perceptions, faculty perceptions, and objective data on the number of advising errors before and after the system was implemented. Results indicated that the computer-assisted system was potentially more accurate than the manual advising system, that students preferred the new system over the old, that most faculty preferred the new system over the old, and that time spent by faculty in advising was reduced. Problems encountered in implementing the system and characteristics of an ideal system are discussed.


Historical visibility observations involve large uncertainties inherent to subjectivity of different operators over the years, but also the scale used for the different visibility ranges. The WMO scale (Table 2 of the manuscript) which was adopted at NOA, introduces further uncertainties, associated with the different amplitudes of visibility ranges corresponding to each visibility class, approximating a geometric-like distribution.


Existing TCP recovery schemes for lost packets are not optimised for wireless environments and consequently are subject to overall performance degradation and channel underutilisation. In slow lossy links the long recovery cycles associated with lost packets result in significant loss of TCP performance. Causes are related to slow packet drop detection, spurious timeouts, and erroneous congestion avoidance triggering that have a cumulatively adverse effect on throughput. In this paper we propose a novel and topical partial solution which focuses on the slow lossy link and not on the large scale Internet. Retransmitted packets are prioritised over originally transmitted ones, resulting in reduced recovery times. This proposed architecture involves only minor modifications to end nodes.


Abstract The history, stllitus and composition of the genus Ammothea Leach, 1814 is discussed. The recent fragmentation into many genera and subgenera is rejeoted, and the earlier synonymy with Lecythorhynchus Bohm, 1879 is supported. The non-Antarctic species all have pinnate or molariform compound oviger spines, but on other grounds (number of scape segments, possession of auxiliary claws, and mid-dorsal tubercles ) are shown to be morphologically diverse. The genus is considered a single taxonomic entity. Ammothea uru n.sp. from North and South Islands of New Zealand, A. makara n.sp. from Makara near Wellington and the female of A. antipodensis are described. A. magniceps Thomson is clearly distinguished from A. australiensis Flynn. A key to species is provided.


Traditional concrete revetments can destroy the ecological environment and the water landscape. An increasing number of ecological revetment structures have been applied in coastal, lake, and river regulation projects. It has been found that honeycomb-type revetments display a better performance in the attenuation of wave overtopping when compared to experimental data collected using the Eurotop and Muttray's formula; recording a 40% decrease in the wave run-up in comparison to the latter. To further investigate the wave run-up and overtopping of the ecologically vegetated honeycomb-type revetment, based on OpenFOAM, an open source computational fluid dynamics software, a three-dimensional numerical wave tank was established. The Discrete Particle Method (DPM) was used to simulate gravel movement, and the flexible plant move boundary model was developed to simulate vegetation. The results of wave run-up calculated by the numerical model and those obtained by the experiments were in good agreement, with errors less than 20%. The modeled results of wave overtopping were within the same order of magnitude as those from the experiments; however, critical limitations were noticed due to effects of plant generalization and grid restrictions imposed by DPM methods. The results showed that wave overtopping increased with increasing wave period and wave height. However, with an increase in the wave overtopping, the influence of the wave period on wave overtopping decreased. The increase in vegetation density effectively reduced wave overtopping. Furthermore, an empirical formula for wave overtopping, considering the effects of vegetation density, was proposed.


A method and an apparatus for demodulating a received signal using phase detection are provided to minimize a demodulation device by using a digital filter instead of a low pass filter as a noise removing filter of a modulated signal. An apparatus for demodulating a received signal using a phase detection includes a phase detection unit(210), a clock control unit(220), and a demodulation unit(240). The phase detection unit samples a received signal and detects phase information. The clock control unit synchronizes a clock using the detected phase information. The demodulation unit over-samples the received signal with the synchronized clock, and demodulates the received signal using the over-sampled result. The demodulation unit measures a level of the received signal at the rising edge and falling edge of the synchronized clock.


Diagnostic colonoscopy revealed innumerable polyps carpeting the mucosa from the rectum to the cecum. Endoscopic findings and family history were most consistent with familial adenomatous polyposis.


For development of testing facilities in Europe, the E-FAST project, a design study for a European Facility for Advanced Seismic Testing, is being carried out with the support of the European Union. Development and implementation of advanced algorithms for real-time substructure testing plays an important role in the design of the new facility. This paper presents two novel compensation methods that deal with destabilizing effects occurring in such tests: The unbalanced force at the end of a time step especially when implicit integration algorithms are used and the phase lag in hydraulic systems. Based on online system identification, the compensating value is estimated; the error of estimation is fed into an adaptive mechanism which adjusts system parameters and minimizes errors. For demonstration, substructure tests using a virtual 2-DOF structure combined with a real hydraulic testing system have been performed. The effectiveness of the compensations on accuracy and stability of substructure tests are discussed.


Twenty high anxiety and 20 low anxiety Ss, as identified by administration of the Taylor Anxiety Scale to 103 male and female undergraduate students, were exposed individually to a visual acuity task under two illuminacing conditions. The task consisted of identifying the location of the %-in. gap (left, right, up, or down) in 27 randomly assigned unclosed circles of 1 in. diameter. Six additional closed circles were distributed randomly among the unclosed stimuli. Ss sat in a chair positioned to provide 6 ft. becween the retinal locus of right eye and the scimulus chart. The left eye was covered. Condition dark: the room was dark for 30 sec.; then light was projected through translucent paper upon which stimuli had been drawn; stimulus chart remained visible until responses to all stimuli had been obtained. Condition light: the room was dark for 30 sec.; then, a flood-lamp illuminated the stimulus chart, walls and orher objects (including E) in the room. One half of the Ss of each group began with condition dark and ended with condition light; the other half of the Ss experienced reversed procedure. The intensiry of light at retinal locus was constant at 1.2 ft.-candles for both conditions.


Abstract In this paper, the authors publish their own experimental results of the examination of the different holes (milled, drilled and drilled + shot peened) on the fatigue lifetime of 20MnV6 steel. The experiments were carried out at low-frequency loading (f = 10 Hz, pulsating tension loading) in the region from N = 2×105 up to N = 2×106 cycles. The best fatigue properties were obtained in the parts with drilled + shot peened holes.


Background Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are approved for metastatic renal cell cancer. Proteinuria can occur, but there is limited data regarding the incidence, monitoring, and management in metastatic renal cell cancer patients. Objective Our primary objective was to describe the incidence and severity of proteinuria in metastatic renal cell cancer patients treated in the first-line setting with pazopanib, bevacizumab, or everolimus. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of patients with metastatic renal cell cancer enrolled from January 2011–April 2013 in a phase II trial. Baseline and toxicity data were extracted from the electronic medical record. Descriptive statistics were used. Results In all, 129 patients were eligible for analysis. The overall incidence of proteinuria was 81%, with most events being Grade 1 or 2. The incidence of proteinuria was 80% (n = 35) for pazopanib, 64% (n = 25) for bevacizumab, and 96% (n = 44) for everolimus. At peak proteinuria, 80% (n = 28), 64% (n = 16), and 80% (n = 35) of patients on pazopanib, bevacizumab, and everolimus, respectively, were managed with continued monitoring at the same dose. The overall incidence of Grades 3 and 4 events was 24% (n = 6) and found in the bevacizumab group. Conclusion A high incidence of proteinuria with minor severity within each class was demonstrated. It may be reasonable to continue therapy at the same dose for Grade 1 or 2 proteinuria. Treatment modification or discontinuation of therapy may be warranted with Grade 3 or 4 proteinuria.


Two dimensional strain echocardiography(2DSE),deriving from speckle tracking,is a newly developed echocardiographic technology.With the advantage of being angle-independent,this technology is able to examine different components of cardiac function,such as left ventricular long-axis function,short-axis function and torsion(or twisting),providing a new path to explore myocardial mechanics and potential application in various clinical settings.This paper reviews the principle,image acquisition,and the advances on experimental and clinical research of 2DSE.


1. The Lakes 2. London 3. The dog comes too 4. Poison! 5. Emergency call-out 6. On the lake 7. Angry words 8. A terrible accident 9. Alone again 10. A birth 11. Two couples 12. A new friend 13. On the walk 14. Robert's house 15. Two goodbyes 16. At the station.


: Background: Mouth ulcer is small painful ulcers which typically have a red border and yellow-gray centres. Mouth ulcers can be treated by topical antihistamines, antacids, and corticosteroids. The purpose of this study is to formulate the liquorice as mouth wash and to assess if the liquorice is effective in treatment of mouth ulcer or not. Method: The liquorice was extracted and formulated as mouth wash. Clinical trial was done by applied the mouth wash to patients suffering from stomatitis mouth ulcer. The patients were followed up for three days. Results: In most cases, patients felt better since the first day of treatment and complete healing was achieved by the end of day three. Conclusions: According to the results of the study, liquorice mouthwash is effective in treatment of stomatitis mouth ulcer


Objective:To observe the clinical effect of two kinds of internal fixation methods on treatment of patella fractures.Method:46 cases of patella fractures were retrospectively analyzed.21 cases of all patients were treated with NT-PC,and others were performed with AO modified tension ban.All patients were followed up.Result:Two groups had been well fixed.The excellent and good rates of the function of knee joints in group A and B was 95.24% and 84.00% respectively.The excellent and good rate of ROM in group A and B was 90.48% and 84.00% respectively.There was no significant difference between two groups.Conclusion:Both different methods have the same satisfied efficiency in treatment of patella fracture.


According to the seam deposit conditions of the deep depth,low permeability and high ground stress in Huainan Mining Area,in order to solve the coal and gas outburst problems occurred during the cross-cut seam opening process,the hydraulic borehole flushing technology was tested in Xieqiao Mine and other five mines.With partial coal and gas released,the penetration improvement and the pressure releasing of the seam could have a rapid and safety seam opening.A special PZCK-C-* series nozzle was researched and developed for the hydraulic borehole flushing.The hydraulic borehole flushing technique and technical parameters was optimized.A simulation comparison was conducted on the stress variations of the borehole surroundings before and after the borehole flushing.The experiment results showed that when coal quantity from the borehole flushing reached at 1.0~2.5 t/m,the influence radius of the borehole flushing could be 5.5~9.0 m and the permeability coefficient of the seam would be increased by 70% to 370%.After the hydraulic borehole flushing conducted,the seam in the borehole flushing control zone would have a pressure releasing and a permeability increased.Thus the outburst potential energy and gas intrinsic energy would be released and the outburst danger of the cross-cut seam opening face would be eliminated.


Avascular necrosis of femoral head [AVN] is almost invariably a painful condition. When diagnosed early before the collapse of the head of the femur, a core decompression is generally advocated. When the collapse is advanced or secondary arthritic changes occur an osteotomy or a total hip replacement is the treatment of choice. We report a series of cases AVN where, as part of a conservative regime when surgery was either not readily acceptable or was not feasible for some reason, we treated them with manipulation under general anaesthesia. In all 61 hips in 39 patients in Ficat-Arlet Stages I to IV underwent one or more manipulations. Follow-up ranged from 6 months to 6 years. Pain relief was excellent in 10.2%, good in 48.7%, fair in 25.6% and poor in 15.3% of cases. We found manipulation a useful non-operative modality of treatment, in AVN of hips.