Epidemiological studies suggest that people who drink coffee are less likely to develop Type 2 Diabetes, however acute intervention studies often show that coffee has a potentially detrimental effect on glucose metabolism by increasing the postprandial glucose response. Previous acute studies have used a single large dose of coffee, typically containing the caffeine equivalent of 2–4 mugs of coffee. It is unknown whether the acute effects of coffee are dose dependent or whether a "normal" dose of coffee will disrupt glucose metabolism. This study investigated whether coffee affects glucose metabolism in a dose-dependent fashion, starting from one mug of coffee. It further looked to separate out the effects of caffeine (CF) from other coffee components by varying the doses of each independently, as it has been suggested that whilst caffeine may increase postprandial glucose, other coffee components may counteract this. Ten healthy overweight males participated in a two part randomised double blind crossover study. In the first part they ingested decaffeinated coffee (DC, 2, 4 or 8 g instant dissolved in 400 ml water) with CF added in proportion to DC (total 100, 200 or 400 mg CF) or placebo (400 ml water) along with 50 g glucose. In the second part they ingested the same amounts of DC (2, 4, 8 g) or placebo, but with a standard 100 mg CF in each. Capillary blood samples were taken every 15 min for 2 hr after each drink and glucose and insulin measured.


This paper presents a panorama background generation and object tracking technique using a Pan-Tilt-Zoom camera. The proposed method estimates local motion vectors rapidly using phase correlation matching at the prespecified multiple local regions, and it makes minimized estimation error by vector quantization. We obtain the required image patches, by estimating the overlapped region using local motion vectors, we can then project the images to cylinder and realign the images to make the panoramic image. The object tracking is performed by extracting object's motion and by separating foreground from input image using background subtraction. The proposed PTZ-based object tracking method can efficiently generated a stable panorama background, which covers up to 360 degree FOV The proposed algorithm is designed for real-time implementation and it can be applied to many commercial applications such as object shape detection and face recognition in various surveillance video systems.


Over the last 5 years several cities in Canada have looked to European Light Rail Transit (LRT) design experience to address their need to develop integrated transit solutions, improve transit service and transportation choice, and support wider city shaping objectives. This paper examines studies undertaken in Vancouver (the UBC Line), Edmonton (West– Downtown Connector–Southeast Corridor), Calgary (North Central Corridor), Hamilton (B-Line, serving McMaster University), and Mississauga–Brampton (Hurontario-Main LRT). In each of these cities urban style LRT projects have been developed based on a European design approach. This approach advocates low floor, level boarding LRT, with segregated operation and priority at intersections. This maximizes the benefits of investment in LRT and also forms the basis for a wider "complete street" design approach, including a re-ordering of transportation hierarchies (more emphasis on pedestrians, cyclists, and transit users), a re-allocation of road space, a greater emphasis on comprehensive urban design, and an integrated planning approach that links LRT with complementary transportation demand management measures and transit-oriented land use policies. The paper highlights the methods and techniques that have been applied to develop the projects in each city, including the design process; development of complementary measures; focus on putting the passenger first; the discipline of the business case and multiple account evaluation; stakeholder engagement; and funding, procurement, and delivery strategies. The LRT in Dublin, Ireland, will also be used as an example to highlight the benefits of urban style LRT, examining the benefits that have been realized since the project opened in 2004. The paper will conclude by setting out a practical checklist that can be applied to any city considering LRT as a means of upgrading its transit infrastructure and creating more sustainable lifestyles connecting residents to jobs, recreation, education, and other opportunities.


The basic substances were obtained from the hydrogenation products of the neutral by-products of acrylonitrile synthesis from acetylene and hydrocyanic acid. They were fractionated by distillation through a Stedmantype column. n-Butylamine and n-amylamine were isolated and identified as derivatives of phenylthiourea. On the basis of chromatograms, i.e., the paperchromatograms of hydrochlorides of amines and chromatograms of N-2, 4-dinitrophenyl-derivatives on the column of cation exchanger, the presence of seven amines, i.e., n-propyl-, n-butyl-, 2-methylbutyl-, n-amyl-, di-n-propyl-, n-heptyl-and benzyl-amines was confirmed and that of two primary heptylamines other than n-heptylamine, i.e., 2-methylhexyl- and 2-ethylamyl-amines, was suggested.


The report examines the economic implications of a package of proposed measures to reduce ambient atmospheric ozone contained in the California Air Resources Board`s (CARB) draft 1994 State Implementation Plan (SIP). The analysis focused on the most significant measures in reducing emissions or in creating potential costs. Through this examination, it was determined that the draft SIP would have modest economic impacts on the California economy, but could significantly affect particular economic segments, such as the transportation sector.


Based on measured data in storm waves,the suspended sediment content of silty coast water is uniform at the upper layer,with a sudden increase near the bottom,and is named as L-shaped vertical distribution.Flume experiments were carried out to study the characteristics of vertical suspended sediment content on the liquefied silty soil bed,which is made using Huanghe River Delta silty soil.It is revealed that the vertical suspended sediment content on the liquefied silty soil bed under wave action is L-shaped.According to the variation of the particle size and the experiment phenomena,the formation of the high content layer at the bottom was affected by the fine sediments entering into the water when the silty soil liquefied,and the suspended sediments in the upper water was kept by turbulent fluctuation.The dramatic increase of the water-sediment on the silty soil coast during stormy weather is preliminarily explained using wave-induced soil liquefaction point of view.


The conducting oxide electrode (Ba,Sr)RuO3 (BSR), which is expected to be advantageous for (Ba,Sr)TiO3 (BST) dielectric materials due to its similarity in structure and chemical composition, was evaluated. Ba/Sr and (Ba+Sr)/Ru ratios in BSR films were varied to investigate the effect of composition in BSR films on the BST properties. BSR films deposited at 1/9 ratio of O2/Ar resulted in the lowest resistivity. BST films on stoichiometric BSR electrodes demonstrated the best electrical properties. The dielectric constant was 450 and the leakage current density was 10−8 A/cm2,which is about two orders of magnitude lower than BST on RuO2 processed in the same laboratory conditions. The dielectric constant of BST films was affected more by the chemical composition, while the leakage current was influenced both by the chemical composition and the lattice constant of BSR. Minimization of reaction at the interface between BST and BSR through a suppression of diffusion due to the compositional similarity seems to...


Simple Summary Within anthropogenic sources, agriculture contributes the most to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The on-field assessment of methane emissions from livestock is crucial for testing and implementing mitigation strategies to reduce the deleterious effects of GHG on climate. Therefore, this article presents a longitudinal study in which measurements of enteric methane emissions from dairy cows (Jersey and Holstein-Freisian raised under a semi-extensive management system) were performed with a tool previously described as reliable, portable, and cost-effective: the laser methane detector (LMD). The results showed breed-related differences in methane emissions when milk yield was not considered, challenging us to rethink milk traits and breeding choices. Moreover, methane emissions were lower in cows in early lactation as well as in primiparous, likely reflecting concentrate supplementation and energy metabolism. The study pointed out the opportunity to design and test regional tailored mitigation strategies, including nutritional management, for higher methane emission periods within cows' lactation cycle, while ensuring the enhancement of productivity. Abstract Reversing climate change requires broad, cohesive, and strategic plans for the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from animal farming. The implementation and evaluation of such plans demand accurate and accessible methods for monitoring on-field CH4 concentration in eructating breath. Therefore, this paper describes a longitudinal study over six months, aiming to test a protocol using a laser methane detector (LMD) to monitor CH4 emissions in semi-extensive dairy farm systems. Over 10 time points, CH4 measurements were performed in dry (late gestation) and lactating cows at an Azorean dairy farm. Methane traits including CH4 concentration related to eructation (E_CH4) and respiration (R_CH4), and eructation events, were automatically computed from CH4 measured values using algorithms created for peak detection and analysis. Daily CH4 emission was estimated from each profile's mean CH4 concentration (MEAN_CH4). Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model, including breed, lactation stage, and parity as fixed effects, and cow (subject) and time point as random effects. The results showed that Holsteins had higher E_CH4 than Jersey cows (p < 0.001). Although a breed-related trend was found in daily CH4 emission (p = 0.060), it was not significant when normalized to daily milk yield (p > 0.05). Methane emissions were lower in dry than in lactation cows (p < 0.05) and increased with the advancement of the lactation, even when normalizing it to daily milk yield (p < 0.05). Primiparous cows had lower daily CH4 emissions related to R_ CH4 compared to multiparous (p < 0.001). This allowed the identification of periods of higher CH4 emissions within the milk production cycle of dairy cows, and thus, the opportunity to tailor mitigation strategies accordingly.


The neglected tropical disease amebiasis, caused by Entamoeba histolytica, is considered a threat to public health. Combinatorial approaches could identify more efficient and less costly alternatives in managing the second leading parasitic disease worldwide. Aggregative signaling and metabolic pathways, two distinct biochemical strategies, are being explored. 1) In vitro identification of chemicals secreted for cellular communication could be manipulated to prevent pathogenesis. 2) An essential enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, Entameba histolytica alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (EhADH2), provides a novel target for anti‐amebic drugs. Several synthetic pyrazoline derivatives and a commercial iron chelator were capable of restricting amebic growth via blocking EhADH2 activities. A holistic understanding of an infective agent could contribute to an improved management of infectious diseases based on ecological and evolutionary principles.


This paper describes the design of a very high power density inverter drive module using aggressive high-frequency design methods and multi-objective optimization tools. This work is part of a larger effort to develop electric drive designs with >97% efficiency, power densities of 100 kW/L for the power electronics, and with predicted reliable operation to 300,000 miles. The approach taken in this work is to develop designs that utilize wide band gap devices (SiC or GaN) and ceramic capacitors to enable high-frequency switching and a compact integrated design. The multi-objective optimization is employed to select key parameters for the design.


As the pace of global 5G network deployments accelerates, the telecommunications industry strives to move from a conventional vertical stack, closed, hardware-based ecosystem to an open, interoperable, modular, cloud-based ecosystem that leverages software-based implementations of various network entities – including core network functions and base stations. Such an open ecosystem could facilitate the implementation of AI techniques and could be a critical advancement in realizing the vision of "zero-touch" wireless networks that support end-to-end automation– stretching from the core network to end-user devices. In this paper, we provide an overview of ongoing discussions along these lines in the context of the O-RAN Alliance along with a comprehensive discussion on various challenges. We then briefly present our vision of the evolution of intelligent networks beyond current 4G/5G networks.


Article history: Received December 10, 2014 Received in revised format: March 2, 2015 Accepted March 2, 2015 Available online March 2 2015 The article presents solution procedure of geometric programming to solve the structural model with imprecise coefficients. We have considered a single objective structural optimization model with weight as an objective function. Geometric programming provides a powerful tool for solving a variety of imprecise optimization problems. Here we use nearest interval approximation method to convert a triangular fuzzy number to an interval number. In this paper, we transform this interval number to a parametric interval-valued functional form and then solve the parametric problem by geometric programming technique. The advantage of this technique is that we can find directly optimal solution of the objective function without solving two-level mathematical programs. Numerical example is given to illustrate the model through this approximation method. Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 5 © 201


Animation art design is widely used in all levels of social life and has become an important part of modern social visual culture. Driven by new technologies, it is integrated with relevant application fields, resulting in new media forms and art categories. The development course of animation art design is sorted out, focusing on the analysis of the technical basis of animation art design and art form, social function and cultural form, creative practice, and theoretical research. This paper puts forward the concept of dimension composition of animation art design and analyzes and studies the dimensions of technology and art, cognition and experience, economy, and culture in animation art design and artistic creation based on this concept. The modeling of edge devices and services is proposed to abstract resources and provide a unified formal description of user virtual perception for animation art design of various sensing types. All related attributes are described uniformly, and the device model and task model are given. Users can customize services based on predefined attributes. According to the development demand of multiuser shared virtual environments, the characteristics and limitations of the previous perception management scheme are analyzed and a two-layer perception management scheme is designed to adapt to the development of new multiuser shared virtual environment of animation art design.


Abstract. In the research and test of diesel engine, because the performance test of multi cylinder engine with different configuration needs to be replaced, and there is a certain risk in the first test, while the single cylinder engine is more suitable for the research and test of different configurations because of its simple structure and convenient replacement of components. Therefore, by comparing the differences of combustion state between single cylinder engine and multi cylinder engine with the same configuration, the change law of performance characteristics of single cylinder engine and multi cylinder engine under different working conditions is confirmed. By analyzing the difference of emission performance of single cylinder engine with different configuration, the emission performance of multi cylinder engine under different configuration is predicted. The research in this paper has important significance for further research and test of diesel engine.


The world is witnessing an unprecedented increase in camera deployment. The USA and UK, for instance, have one camera for every 8 people. Video analytics from these cameras are becoming more and more pervasive, exerting important functions on a wide range of verticals including manufacturing, transportation, and retails. While vision techniques have seen considerable advancement, they have come at the expense of compute and network cost.


Reactive power support through shunt capacitors and distributed generation is used in conjunction with step voltage regulators (SVRs) for voltage control of distribution feeders. Distribution management system is responsible for coordination among distributed reactive power sources, such as capacitors, photovoltaic and wind power generators, and SVRs. In this paper, a novel method for calculating voltage sensitivity to active, reactive power injection, and SVR taps in unbalanced distribution feeders is developed. The method is based on ABCD parameters of network components which are used in forward/backward sweep of power-flow solution. The method can deal with network unbalance, network shunt admittances, single-phase sections, and ungrounded sections. The initial sensitivities are calculated in one power-flow forward sweep through a recursive way, and the online updating of sensitivities is very easy and straightforward so the method is suitable for online voltage control. A novel sensitivity-based online optimization method is developed for online coordinated voltage control with no prior information about the load. The same ABCD parameters are used for developing a novel method for calculating short circuit currents in unbalanced distribution feeders. The method can also handle unbalance, shunt elements, and single phase sections, and is applicable to all fault types. The developed method for voltage control and short circuit calculation are tested on the IEEE comprehensive test feeder and the results prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.


This prospective study was carried out by retrieving outpatient visit data from registries of Matsunami General Medical Center (Gifu, Japan) and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The data collected from January 2018 to March 2020 was categorized The COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial disruption to many healthcare services. The purpose of this brief report was to describe changes in the number of outpatient obstetrics and gynecology visits at the medium-sized regional hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Outpatient visit data was retrieved from registries of the medical center and the obstetrics and gynecology department. We compared the number of visits from April 2020 to September 2021 (pandemic period) with those from January 2018 to March 2020 (pre-pandemic). Results: During the pre-pandemic period, approximately 10% of total visits The visits during the initial was significantly lower than the pre-pandemic period (852 49.1 55.3, p<0.05). The refrain from consultation for obstetrics and gynecology care remained throughout the pandemic ± 77.7).


Abstract : Spectra are presented for several flare formulations which incorporated sodium iodate as the oxidizer and magnesium as the fuel. While the flares containing iodate did not produce increased candlepower, several new spectral features were observed. One of the most interesting features was increased emission in the blue region of the spectrum over that obtained from the typical magnesium-sodium nitrate formulations. This emission is attributed to the recombination of iodine atoms in the triplet pi(0)(+)u electronic state of molecular iodine followed by emission from this state. Other emission features are discussed. Color measurements indicate that the iodate flares are more 'white' possibly making them better for target acquisition than sodium nitrate flares.


3.76 4.03 5.9 1.63 1.72 1.83 2.18 2.96 1.58 1.58 1.52 ×1011 cm-2 ns = T = 0.5 K B || 2DEG Fig. 1 shows ρ(T,B=0) at different ns. At elevated T and high ns, ρ (T) is weakly metallic with. an apparent 2D metal-toinsulator (MIT) transition at ns ≈2.2×10 cm. However, at some T(ns) a dramatic increase of ρ by orders of magnitude is observed for moderate ns in the vicinity of the MIT. As shown in Fig. 2, at high T, and at low T and either high or low ns, a weak positive MR dominates, which as in other DMSs originates from an s-d exchange-induced giant spin-splitting of band states. However, exclusively in the range of T and ns, where at B=0 the upturn of ρ(T) is observed, a weak B rapidly drives the system back towards metallic behavior. As a result, a colossal negative MR is observed. Similar behavior was observed in other DMSs [2]. It was usually attributed to spin-disorder scattering associated with the formation of bound magnetic polarons (BMP). However, formation of BMP is rather unlikely in 2D, since donors in our system are set back far from the conducting channel, while Mn ions are electrically neutral in the II-VI DMS. Since the phenomena observed here resemble magnetotransport in CMR materials, it is possible that they also share a similar origin. Most likely, they reflect nanoscale phase separation of the electron fluid and the emergence of ferromagnetic clusters in an intermediate density regime.


The factory agriculture is a controlled agriculture. Its requirement of the crop humidity is much stricter than the natural agriculture's. Hence, based on the market investigation, this paper compares and researches the present products of the crop root-fertilizing technology used in the controlled facility environment. Then, using the piston and link mechanism developed a new agricultural implement. So the leak professes, security, and versatility of the implement is more reasonable. It not only has the advantages of low cost of manufacture, convenient operation, but also has extensive popularizing prospects.


In the first few centuries of its existence, Rome developed from a minor settlement on the Tiber into the most powerful city-state in Italy. Guy Bradley examines the reasons for Rome's emergence and success within a highly competitive Italian environment, and how much it owed to its neighbours. He explains how many of Rome's key characteristics, such as its powerful ruling elite, its stable political institutions, its openness to outsiders, and its intensely militaristic society, were shaped by their origins in the monarchy and early Republic.


This drawing, one of a series of four produced in 2012 for the Landscape Futures exhibitions at Nevada Museum of Art, Reno, illustrates a design for a housing scheme sited in the wetlands to the east of London. The project primarily focused on a room-sized interactive installation with intricate mechanisms and a complex performance, but this drawing is critical amongst the galaxy of sketches, technical drawings and prototypes that made up the working process. This drawing was later structured into a paper sketch model, and the scheme eventually built as a large-scale model suspended in the gallery space. The architecture is shown from an elevated view connected to the landscape by a loop of canals, however other indications of architectonic certainty are knowingly ambiguous—roofs and facades are laid out like field patterns, windows and doors knitted together with technological and infrastructural armatures. This architecture celebrates water's physical and meteorological properties, and even its immaterial qualities. Water's ephemeral and mythical nature is revealed in the form of mists and rainbows, which rise from the ground to populate the topography. Drawing in this way is a luxury, allowing the pencil to roam untethered by 'snaps' and released from the gravity of perspective planes is an indulgent process removed from the didactic parameters of the encoded construction notations of architecture drawings. This piece is neither a sketch nor a measured drawing. It is generative of a design as a synthesis of ideas held in two-dimensional flat space, as such the drawing is a map of ideas and provocations simultaneously written and read in real time. Coincident indications of physical form, inlaid with ephemeral events, describe a space of temporality in which architecture is manifested in multiple states as ideas are overwritten by the palimpsestic nature of the design process.


In a project to handle the records of students at a College of Education, the author has provided a suite of programmes for an IBM 36O/67 computer. These programmes perform the tasks of data management, establishing and maintaining the student records, and providing access to the data files for information retrieval. In this thesis the author uses this work as the basis for a discussion on Data Management Systems. A report of the College system is included and an account is given of many of the problems involved in the establishment and maintenance of Data Management Systems and in the provision of information retrieval routines. Security measures and the need to protect both the data and those it represents are also discussed, and an outline is given of some of -the problems involved in the development of a small data interchange system which the author has designed and implemented as part of the College Data Management System.


The 21st century started with some significant efforts globally in the e-health sector. This was mainly pushed as a generic strategy from many nations and international organizations in order to cope with issues such as ageing population, demographic shift, social security limitations, and financial instability. A second reason was the introduction of new technologies such as cloud computing, Web interoperability standards, mobile health, and social media that are steadily changing the way healthcare has been seen in the last decades. In addition to that, globalization, commuting, immigration, and increased mobility raised the issue of cross-border healthcare and the right to access normalized healthcare services anywhere, anytime. In that context, the authors analyze the technological offerings and result of the epSOS (European Patient Smart Open Services) framework and how it has affected strategic decisions in electronic prescription in Greece, thus creating a new useful e-health national application. They prove that by rethinking healthcare, reusing established standards such as HL7 CDA (Health Level Seven Clinical Document Architecture) and IHE (Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise) profiles, it is possible to propose a new innovative system that is in fact based upon new technological propositions such as REST (Representational State Transfer) architecture and cloud computing.


This article argues that, despite its apparent radicality, Husserl's later, genetic phenomenology ends up confirming and consolidating a very orthodox transcendental egology. First, the article reconstructs an Husserlian phenomenology of givenness; but then, by considering the ambiguous role of intuition, it also establishes (a) the continued prestige of a 'classical' transcendental subject, and (b) the way in which a denial of ontology allows Husserl's transcendental subject to sublate the provocative challenge of primal Gegebenheit . Overall, the article argues that Husserl is subject to a deep egological faultline, brought about by the self-consciously anti-ontological nature of his project: 'givenness without Being', it suggests, necessitates a prioritized and privileged self.


The loading device (3) is combined with a device (31) which follows the sea movements, which may act on a tensioning unit (23) as well as on a height displaceable auxiliary arm (9) and on a main hoisting device (28). The arm (9), respectively the cable guides are arranged so as to take the load (4), respectively so as to guide laterally the cable (7) already under the water surface and are connected to passive and active dampeners so that the height variations due to the sea movements, etc., are compensated by corresponding shortenings or lengthenings of the effective lengths of the cable before the main drive unit.


In this study, the effects of seal welding conditions, such as welding heat input, depth of crack, plate thickness, and weld sequence, on the welding-induced residual stress and the stress intensity factor (SIF) around the remaining crack were investigated by finite element analysis. In addition, the parameter Q√a (Q: welding heat input, a: depth of crack) was theoretically derived from welding thermal conduction theory as representative of the temperature distribution along the crack direction. As the results, it was clarified that the residual stress at the downside crack tip is governed largely by the parameter Q/√a. Similarly, the SIF depends on the parameter Q/√a. When the range of Q/√a is smaller than approximately 1.5, the residual stress at the downside crack tip becomes compressive and the SIF becomes 0. An appropriate seal welding condition corresponding to crack size helps to ensure higher structural soundness and reliability of seal welds. Next, the effect of the weld pass sequence on the residual stress around the remaining crack was investigated. As the results, an appropriate weld pass sequence to more effectively reduce the residual stress was clarified. Finally, the effect of seal welding conditions on the residual stress and SIF after seal welding was investigated. It was concluded that the appropriate seal welding conditions was evaluated for reducing the welding-induced residual stress and SIF at seal welds.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


We investigate whether the determinants of small and medium enterprises' (SMEs) trade credits taken for purchasing fixed assets suffered substantial changes due to the global financial crisis (GFC). The geographical focus of this paper covers 18 former Eastern bloc countries. The data sample comprises opinions of the SMEs top managers relative to the trade credit financing. The two-step Heckman procedure is applied to study complexity of the trade credit determinants. We find that before the GFC the equity concentration and inflation have negatively impacted the trade credit while foreign ownership and company's longevity have had a positive effect. The GFC has changed this complex relationship. We evidence that, after the GFC, equity concentration and state subsidies have a positive effect.


The effects of IUGR on fetal triacylglycerol fatty acid (FA) synthesis was studied in 26 pregnant rats by 3H2O injection. IUGR was induced by uterine artery ligation on one horn and litters from the opposite horn served as controls. The specific activity of FA at 19 days of gestation in the liver was lower in the IUGR fetus, as compared to controls, 44.6±13 vs. 87.9±10 cpm/μmole FA, (p<.05). At 21 days of gestation, the specific activity of FA remains lower in the IUGR group, (40.6±7.8 vs. 75.8±9.8 cpm/μmole p<.05). In lung, the specific activity of FA was 25.7±5.4 cpm/μmole in IUGR fetuses as compared to 46.6±9 cpm/μmole in controls at 19 days (p<.05). This difference persisted at 21 days (32.2±2.4 vs. 42.6±3.0 cpm/μmole in IUGR and controls, respectively, p<.05).The total fatty acid content per ogran for both liver and lung was also reduced in the IUGR group. However, when expressed per unit organ weight, (gram) the IUGR fetuses have a significantly higher FA content at 21 days than the controls. This observation is probably related to a proportionally greater reduction in the accretion rates of substrates other than fat during growth. The data indicates that fetal growth retardation induced by placental vascular insufficiency is associated with reduced fat synthesis probably on the basis of reduced placental transfer of precursors for fatty acid synthesis. Similar phenomenon may be present in human IUGR infant.


Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the most common cause of mortality among cancer patients. A comprehensive clinicopathological approach is needed for labelling a correct diagnosis. Cytological diagnosis following fine needle aspiration (FNA) plays a pivotal role in diagnosis of lung cancer; especially in advanced stages and cases where biopsy may not be feasible. Besides, there is diagnostic role of exfoliative cytology by bronchial brushings which is a non-invasive procedure. Aims & Objective: In the current 6-year-study, we study the role of bronchial brushing cytology in evaluation of lung cancer and its correlation with histopathology. Materials & Methods: The present study is a retrospective study done in Department of Pathology for a period of 6 years (January 2012December 2017). A total of 302 reported cases of bronchial brushing cytology were included. Categorisation was done based upon cytological diagnosis; however, immunocytochemistry was not done due to financial constraint. Histological correlation along with immunohistochemistry was done wherever available. Results: Out of a total of 302 bronchial brushing cytology specimens, 208 were males and rest 94 females. The age of the patients ranged from 17-84 years with a mean age of 50.2 years. Histological findings were available in 152 cases. A total of 68 cases were reported as malignant on cytology; of which 36 cases had positive histological correlation and in rest 11 cases biopsy was inadequate. Eighty-four cases with negative cytological findings had similar histology (p value <0.05); however, 21 cases which were reported as negative on cytology had evidence of malignancy on histology. An attempt to classify the tumors into small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small lung carcinoma (NSCLC) was done along with subclassification into adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma wherever possible. Diagnostic difficulty leading to misdiagnosis was noted in 5 cases. Few cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and occasional rare malignancies were also diagnosed on bronchial brushings while evaluating the patients clinically suspected for lung carcinoma. Conclusion: Bronchial brushing cytology can play an excellent role in initial evaluation of lung cancer by giving an early diagnosis. Subclassification of lung tumors into SCLC or NSCLC can rarely be difficult on cytomorphology alone. In cases where biopsy is not feasible or histological findings are inadequate, bronchial brushing cytology is a reliable alternative for an early diagnosis and patient management.


SOME OF THE EXISTING HYPOTHESES AND METHODS FOR CATEGORIZING AND CHARACTERIZING THE MATERIALS AND SYSTEMS INVOLVED IN THE COMPACTION OF SOILS BY SURFACE LOADS ARE COMBINED TO FORM A HYPOTHETICAL MECHANISM FOR ANTICIPATING SOIL STRAINS BENEATH A UNIFORM VERTICAL PRESSURE APPLIED TO A SURFACE AREA OF FINITE WIDTH BUT INFINITE LENGTH. RESULTS COMPUTED USING THIS HYPOTHETICAL MECHANISM ARE COMPARED WITH THOSE FROM LABORATORY TESTS. /RRL/


Democracy plays a very important and crucial role in promoting good governance and national development. The common feature is its emphasis on improving the socio-economic welfare of the people and this is synonymous with the idea of national development. Without doubt, most countries and continents of the world have had traumatic, exasperating and ugly experiences in organizing themselves democratically. Almost every nation, rightly or wrongly, freely or compulsively, wants to be seen as democratic even though the political system bears no semblance of a democracy. Against all odds, all over today's world, there are serious clamors and yearnings for democratization and these seem to make democracy very fashionable. In light of the above therefore, this paper critically examines the challenges and prospects of democracy and national development in Nigeria. It argues that the ubiquity of electoral malpractices in Nigeria and corruption are the two major challenges to the materialization of democracy as an instrument of national development in Nigeria. In addition, the paper states that the independence of INEC, practical enforcement of anti-corruption laws and enthronement of internal democracy in political parties will enhance the prospects of democracy and national development in Nigeria. Keywords: Challenges, Democracy, National Development, Nigeria, Prospects.


When she was interviewed in 1981 about her childhood in preWorld War One Adelaide, Harriet Caw was clearly anxious that her mother, the proprietor of a small school in the early years of the twentieth century, should not be seen as Odd'. 'She used to get home, always at 3 o'clock, or a little after 3', she reassured her interviewer; 'and then, of course, she belonged to us...she read to us, when we were little. She was a proper mother, then, and always, we had Saturday and Sunday together'.2 In the context of the early twentieth century, however, Caw's mother was unusual only in that her business enterprise had begun before she was widowed, and hence faced with the compulsion to earn a living. Fears of dependency, widely shared amongst middle-class policy makers, ensured that through the nineteenth century and into the early-twentieth, women who worked because of poverty were seen primarily as workers; their mothering was an encumbrance from which they should free themselves if they were left unable to support their families. Some of these women performed domestic or child-care work in the homes of middle-class women who were thus freed to be active in the public sphered While the work of most middle-class women was unwaged, the availability of domestic help created a space for women like Caw's mother to work in business or the professions. Over the course of Harriet's life, however, such understandings of the mother who worked were replaced by the notion of the 'working mother', constructed as a threat to herself, her children, and the nation. When the women's movement that emerged in the late 19603 began its significant activism over married women's right to waged work and to the social structures to support it, these feminists did so in a context of the experiences of working mothers who had re-entered the workforce in response to the expansion of industry and the tertiary sector of employment in the immediate post-war years. Australian feminist historians came to recognize that working-class mothers have always had to work, but to date few have considered in detail the use of the term 'working mother' across the years prior to 1970.4 The term did not enter common usage till the 19205, when it reflected both middle-class reformers' and labour activists' valorisation of the citizen mother, its binary opposite. The citizen mother was supported by her male breadwinner, or in his absence the state, and was thus freed to devote herself exclusively to the care of the family and the home. In this context the working mother was by definition transgressive, falling short of or, in some cases, openly challenging the ideal, an ideology that persisted into the post-war decades which saw a rise in the incidence of mothers in waged work. Drawing on oral histories, memoirs, statistical and documentary sources, this paper examines the experiences of mothers in the waged workforce from 1920 to 1970, locating the ways some working mothers made sense of their endeavours discursively in a climate in which the dominant discourse reacted to them with denial, denigration or pity. It will also seek to establish how, and why, by the end of this period, despite both the official and discursive preference for the stay-at-home mother, so many women had (re)claimed the right to be both mothers and workers, despite the negative connotations of the working mother label. Precursors of the discursive shift towards negative views of the working mother had become apparent in the early years of the twentieth century. In the nineteenth century, charitable endeavours to 'assist' mothers who worked were motivated by a concern for the impact of poverty on the children.s Creches, established in most Australian capital cities by 1910, freed for work the mothers who were at best pitied and more commonly despised. Increasingly, however, the demand that poor women without a male breadwinner ought to enter gainful employment was contested. The system of arbitration, introduced by the new Commonwealth, had institutionalised a male breadwinner model, paying all male workers a family wage, while limiting women, irrespective of their family circumstances, to between 50 and 60 per cent of the male wage. …


With the development of 360-degree video and HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS), tile-based adaptive 360-degree video streaming has become a promising paradigm for reducing the bandwidth consumption of delivering the panoramic video content. However, there are two main challenges for the adaptive 360-degree video streaming, accurate long-term prediction of the future field of view (Fo V) and optimal adaptive bitrate (ABR) transmission strategy. In this paper, we propose an attention-based multi-user Fo V joint prediction approach to improve the accuracy, establishing a probability model of watching video tiles for users and applying Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network and DBSCAN clustering method. Furthermore, we present an adaptive 360-degree video streaming approach based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL), using A3C algorithm to optimize the QoE. The real-world trace-driven experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves about 8 % gains on user Fo V prediction precision and an increase at least 20 % on user QoE compared with the benchmarks.


Within the frame of the "SWAMP" project (a demonstration project co-financed by the European Community) an hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system was realized for the treatment of wastewater produced by a medium-size hotel located in Florence, Italy. The system consisted of a 70 m primary treatment by Imhoff tanks, a 160 m HF and a 180 m VF. The results obtained in the first year of operation regarding to the hygienic indicator bacteria (total coliforms, faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci and Escherichia Coli) and some selected organic compounds (Phthalates, PAHs and Estrogens) were reported. In terms of overall performances the following mean removal rates were obtained: COD 94%, BOD5 95%, TSS 90%. The CW system showed a satisfactory functioning of the treatment process, especially related to the sedimentation and filtration processes and to organic matter trapping and degradation inside the reed beds. As regard the EDCs a clear water quality increase during the purification process was observd. PAHs were found below 0.5 μg/l in the inlet and at significantly lower amounts in the outlet of the system. Total inlet phthalates concentration was included in the range 100 to 300 μg/l and this class of compounds showed a certain persistence even in the outlet (10-200 μg/l) due to HDPE liner release. Among the other compounds, 17-α-estradiol and ethynyl-estradiol were revealed in the inlet at concentration below 10 μg/l, while were absent in the outlet.


Five years ago, while I was resident at the Research and Educational Hospital of the University of Illinois, a woman with Frohlich's syndrome was treated with various pituitary preparations. During the treatment, she developed a luxuriant hair growth, in addition to regaining her normal sexual desires, reestablishing her menstrual cycle, and losing weight. The growth of hair was particularly remarkable in that the patient and her immediate female relatives (mother and two sisters) all had, since early youth, a scanty atrophic type of hair, prone to dryness and easy end-splitting. Inferring a relationship of the pituitary therapy to this patient's hair growth and its change in texture, I began to study the effects of certain pituitary preparations in cases of alopecia and I am now in position to report on sixteen patients, in all of whom the results were so striking that a preliminary report seems desirable to render this


: This paper presents a case study of the conservation of Coptic icon painted by the Jerusalem painter; Hafez Shamndi and dating back to 19th at Saint Mercurius Monastery at Tamouh.One of the main problems of the icon which I had to conserve it, was the yellowish varnish and over panting. Another important issue in the conservation process was the cleaning of the icon. Its entire surface was covered by a thick layer of adherent dirt. The conservation work undertaken entailed other interventions as well, all aimed at bringing the painting in a stable state of conservation and at the same time restoring its intended, aesthetically appropriate form [1]. This article will discuss the conservation process of the icon, in addition to research into its historical background, treatment and conclusion.


In a 1999 Court of Appeal decision it was held that s.47 of the Financial Services Act 1986 (the Act) did not create a new, wider duty of disclosure than that already existing at common law or in equity.


This paper focused on a dual-band combiners which effectively improves the power capacity,using parallel band-stop filters with rectangular coaxial structure.Compared with mainstream domestic and foreign 300W devices,the 500W combiner effectively improved the power capacity.The theoretical analysis of rectangular transmission lines was presented as well as the design of rectangular coaxial dual-band combiner with full-wave simulation software.The simulation results agreed well with experimental results after physical processing and measurement.The combiner has significant benefits on high-power and low loss.


Patients and Methods: Our retrospective analysis comprises all patients with achalasia, who were treated from 2015 until 2018 with POEM. Preoperative evaluation was done with history, high resolution manometry, EGD and video-cinematography. Reevaluation was performed six weeks after POEM with EGD and a history was taken. 43 patients were treated with POEM, 22 (52%) females, 21 (49%) males. The mean age was 55 (17-84) years. Six patients (14%) had been treated with injection of botulinum toxin, 12 patients (28%) with balloon dilatation before. According to Chicago classification 30 patients (85.7%) suffered from type II, four patients (11%) from type III and two patients (6%) from type I. The mean length of myotomy was 8.5±0.5cm and was extended 2cm beyond the gastroesophageal junction.


The online medical service platform is a registered doctor online service platform based on the exclusive technology, including graphic consultation, voice consultation, and telephone consultation platform. It is a platform for self-diagnosis services for patients and information sharing between online registered doctors and users. It aims to provide a more convenient and fast online medical platform for patients, so as to solve the problems of "difficult to see a doctor, high price and insurance deficit" for most patients, so as to relieve the current tense doctor-patient relationship and provide more comprehensive protection for users. But at the same time there are some shortcomings and limitations.


The title compd. I was prepd. in 9 steps from biscyclopropylidene II. The crystal and mol. structure of I was detd. by x-ray crystallog.


The paper presents the synthesis of the 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone N(4)-allyl-S-methylisothiosemicarbazone (HL) and seven coordination compounds of copper, nickel, cobalt and iron with this pro-ligand. The newly obtained compounds were investigated by IR, H and C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, molar electric conductibility and magnetic susceptibility. For the synthesized compounds the antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro were studied on a series of standard strains, such as Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherihia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumonae and Candida albicans. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of the pro-ligand and complexes was screened on Hep-2, BxPC-3, RD cancer cells and normal MDCK cells. It was established that coordination compounds manifest better antiproliferative activity than the pro-ligand.


Y-tube olfactometer bioassays were carried out to elucidate the individual and associative learning behavioural response of larval parasitoid, Bracon brevicornis towards various concentrations of hexane extract of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Cassia occidentalis, Cuscuta reflexa and Ricinus communis. Hexane extracts were subjected to gas liquid chromatography to determine the saturated hydrocarbon profile. Higher associative orientation response of B. brevicornis was recorded towards C. occidentalis and C. reflexa whereas individual response was maximum for C. occidentalis. Gas liquid chromatography of the extracts indicated the presence of eighteen hydrocarbons ranging from Heneicosane (C21) to Octatriacontane (C38). Preferred leaf extracts A. indica and C. occidentalis indicated higher presence of straight chain saturated hydrocarbons Dotriocontane (C32) and Tritriocontane (C33). Study revealed that preferred concentration of these extracts could be exploited to enhance the host searching efficacy of B. brevicornis in different field released during IPM programmes.


SUMMARY

In glasshouse and field experiments the source-sink relations of the main shoot of plants of spring barley were modified by tiller removal and tiller defoliation. Decreasing competition by tiller removal promoted the growth of the residual main shoot and its component parts, and the earlier tillers were removed the greater was the effect. Stem dry weight was increased four-fold in the glasshouse by early tiller removal and was doubled in the field experiment. The grain yield of the main shoot ear was increased by 26 – 30% by tiller removal compared with tillering control plants and this was due to larger grains in all spikelet positions. On the other hand increasing competition by regular tiller defoliation had relatively little effect on the growth and development of the main shoot in the glasshouse study, but in the field the main shoot grain yield was reduced by 10% compared with the control. The main effect of tiller defoliation was on the development of tillers. In the glasshouse tillers survived repeated defoliation, continued to be produced, and the majority produced grain but with fewer and smaller grains per ear than in control plants. Tiller growth was supported by the import of assimilate from the main shoot and this was accompanied by an increase in the photosynthetic rate of the main shoot leaves. In the field all defoliated tillers died within 4 wk. These responses are discussed in terms of the physiological interrelations between the main shoot and tillers.


This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of compound probiotics and antibiotics on growth performance,intestinal microflora and immune function of broilers.Six hundred oneday-old female broiler chickens were randomly divided into 5groups with 6replicates per group and 20broilers per replicate.The broilers in groupI were fed basal diet,and the basal diet+ 1.0‰ T3(compound probiotics),the basal diet+20g/t colistin sulphate,the basal diet+50g/t bacitracin zinc,the basal diet+50g/t bacitracin zinc+10g/t colistin sulphate were provided to the broilers in groupII,III,IVandV,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 3days,and the experiment lasted for 35days.The results showed as folows:Compared with groupI,III,IVand


The arguments of the thesis is the relationship between the Norman domination and the Greek-speaking people living in Sicily and Southern Italy. Particularly the ascendancy of the greek culture on the norman architecture and his role in the construction of the Norman Kingdom.


Abstract Karimunjawa as a marine national park has attracted tourists to come and explore coral reefs. The reefs are under increasing pressure from the development of underwater tourist activities so it is necessary to pay attention to the reef condition to maintain its sustainability. This study was conducted in September 2019 by examining the condition of coral reefs in the most visited snorkeling spots based on information from tour operators, i.e. the Ujung Bintang, Maer and Karang Sendok spots. Data was collected using a 20 m line belt transect to count coral cover and was analyzed using coral morphology triangles to assess the Coral Condition Index (CCI) and Impact Severity Index (ISI). The condition of coral reef cover at the Ujung Bintang and Maer spots were in the "good" category based on the CCI, while at the Karang Sendok spot the corals were in the "bad" category based on the ISI. The three snorkeling spots have competition-adapted (K) morphology, which means that the coral reefs are dominated by non-Acropora corals associated with coral reefs with high waves. The dominant life form at the Ujung Bintang spot was foliose corals, at the Maer spot, it was foliose coral and non-Acropora branching corals, while at the Karang Sendok it was Acropora, which is more vulnerable than foliose and massive corals. The CCI at the three spots was in the "good" category as there are healthy coral colonies, whereas the ISI was in the "poor" category since partially and recently dead coral colonies were found there. The coral colony damage in the spots was dominated by bleached coral colonies and partially dead coral colonies.


Background: Are there statistically significant differences in anxiety and depression between the COPD patients admitted in ICU and hospital ward Aims: To compare presence of anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients with COPD and to determine the correlation of the data between the patients admitted in ICU and hospital ward. Method: A prospective trial was conducted at the Clinic for lung diseases on a sample of hospitalized patients with COPD in ICU(N=35), and hospital ward (N=15), in order to determine presence of anxiety and depression and compare data between the patients admitted in ICU and hospital ward. These are the results from May to July 2016. Criteria for the selection of COPD patients: monitored by our clinic and 40 – 80 years of life. For the study were used the following measuring instruments: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Questions that were additionally included in the questionnaire are general sociodemographic data, and data on the basic characteristics and duration of the disease. Results: There were no statistically significant differences on the presence of anxiety and depression, regardless of the number of days of hospitalization. Subjects who were in the ICU ward, a statistically significant were more anxious than those subjects who were in hospital ward. On mechanical ventilation, were 6 subjects (12%) (N=35). Subjects who were mechanically ventilated statistically were more anxious. Conclusion: According to the obtained data, we can conclude during admission COPD patients to the ICU there was a higher risk of developing anxiety and depression, additionally in those on mechanical ventilation increases the likelihood of developing the same discomfort.


The logic of (commutative integral bounded) residuated lattices is known under different names in the literature: monoidal logic [8], intuitionistic logic without contraction [1], HBCK [12], etc. This paper contains a summary of the results obtained in [5] about the 〈∨, ∗,¬, 0, 1〉fragment and the 〈∨,∧, ∗,¬, 0, 1〉-fragment of the logic of residuated lattices. As regards the algebraic aspects of this study, we define two new varieties: the variety of commutative integral bounded semilatticed pseudocomplemented monoids, denoted by CIBPMs`, and the variety of commutative integral bounded latticed pseudocomplemented monoids, denoted by CIBPM`. We show that every CIBPMs`-algebra and every CIBPM`-algebra is embeddable into a residuated lattice. As regards the logical aspects of this study, we introduce two sequent calculi: FLew[∨, ∗,¬] and FLew[∨,∧, ∗,¬]. It can be shown that CIBPMs` (CIBPM`) is the equivalent variety semantics [13, 7] of the intuitionistic Gentzen system associated to the sequent calculi FLew[∨, ∗,¬] (FLew[∨,∧, ∗,¬]). Moreover we show a generalization of [10, Corollary 9]: the external deductive system Se[∨, ∗,¬] (Se[∨,∧, ∗,¬]) associated to FLew[∨, ∗,¬] (FLew[∨,∧, ∗,¬]) is the 〈∨, ∗,¬, 0, 1〉-fragment (〈∨,∧, ∗,¬, 0, 1〉fragment) of the logic of residuated lattices. We also show that Se[∨, ∗,¬] and Se[∨,∧, ∗,¬] are decidable. 1 Preliminary concepts In this section we recall some concepts and results about Gentzen systems and the algebraization of these systems which will be used in this paper (for more information see [13], [14], [7]). 1.1 Gentzen systems Let L be a propositional language. We will denote by FmL the set of L-formulas and by FmL the algebra of L-formulas. Let α and β be some subsets of the set ω of natural


Philips S&I wants to conquer the world with its lithographic technologies, and that optimism is reflected in its business plans.


Epoxy resin is widely used in high voltage insulator material because of its high dielectric strength. Electrical tree phenomena are one of an electrical insulation degradation. It is easily initiated due to the distorted high electrical field. In this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) with the contents of 0.003-0.010 wt.% (2.6-8.8 mg) were filled into epoxy resin to improve electrical tree inhibiting ability. Treeing experiments were conducted at a fixed voltage of 15 kV, 50 Hz. LCD digital microscope was used to observe the electrical tree inhibition of GNPs in epoxy resin. The digital image of insulators sample was then analyzed by MATLAB program. The percentage of electrical tree damages of GNPs content of 0.007 wt.% was found at 2.75 %. Experimental results showed that electrical tree has propagated from main branch tree to many small branches. The distributed electrical tree around the main branches occurred after the addition of GNPs. Filling GNPs content of 0.005 wt.% will result to a complex branch tree structure with much longer branches than others. Nevertheless, the average tree length was inhibited at the GNPs filling contents of 0.003 to 0.007 wt.%.


Communication strategies in Cosa Nostra: an empirical research The following article proposes an empirical study to explore communication strategies in Cosa Nostra. Psychological studies on the characteristics of the language used within the criminal organization are undoubtedly recent, but crucial to thoroughly understand the characteristics of the implicit and explicit communication it adopts in the various contexts it works, as well as the power and value they assume. The data we have obtained from some videos concerning interviews and police interrogations to men of honor have been analyzed through a method which refers to the grounds of qualitative research in clinical psychology, the Grounded Theory (Glaser, Strauss; 1967). The analysis we have carried out and its relevant data show us a world of Mafia where the care for linguistic choices, for both form and contents, is characterized as a crucial activity, even when words are replaced by silence or gestures.


In this paper, the characteristics of dispersed multimedia production are analysed and discussed. The life cycle from a specific idea to an end product is illustrated by a case example referred to as the ODL Teacher's guide ("Opinlinnassa tiedon tiloja" in Finnish). Multimedia production of the teacher's guide for open and distance learning is presented and compared with the Model for Multimedia Courseware Production and Delivery (the MCP Model, also referred to as the Morgan Skinner Production Model) developed within the Virtual Multimedia Factory project.


Abstract The objective of this research intend to create the new pattern shirt for Electrocardiogram (EKG) and study result of this innovation. Sample size is female clients who come to take medical service at the Out Patient Department (OPD) and ordered by the Physician to take EKG. The study occurs during August to December 2013 by 40 cases target. The finding reveals that EKG shirt innovation design as 2 layers shirt, concave cutting as same as round neck shirt, 2 feet long, the left chest part cuts as c∫e shape from position of the 4th rib drag to armpit edge by separate in two pieces, from the edge can palpate the ribus cranny for stick EKG line, then take the cloth tape to protect cloth blows away. There is no errors of electric signal line sticking. The result of EKG measurement, the convenience of measurement, satisfied of this EKG new shirt utilizing can reach the highest level all measurement items, more than this, this shirt can reduce body expose much more than before. Keyword : Electrocardiogram (EKG) shirt, Satisfaction


The application of motorcycles electro-hydraulic servo road simulation system is based on the modeling and the simulating. The model with the systems feature and parameter is finished,and analyzed the closed loop frequency characteristic of the system ,and proved that the simulation met the request of the fact. In the paper,the PID controller is designed based on the Matlab/Simulink. The system is controlled used in PID controller.The precision meet the request of the road status,and the system can reappear the stochastic waveform.


The MELYSSA project is one of the most important projects of the European DRIVE II-ATT programme. This project will allow the test of a large variety of ATT (Advanced Road Transport Telematics) systems. Even though some tests will be conducted in a separate manner, the final aim of the project is to integrate as far as possible the various applications in order to build an IRTE (Integrated Road Transport Environment). With this goal, it is important to build on existing systems and techniques.<<ETX>>


Pd complexes with chelating diimine ligands promote cyclopolymerization of isopropylidene allyl(1-crotyl)malonate (I-1) to afford the polymer having trans-1,2-disubstitued five-membered ring and trimethylene spacer in every structural unit. The polymerization of 1,6-dienes with longer n-alkyl groups (I-2: 1,6-octadiene; I-3: 1,6-nonadiene; I-4: 1,6-decadiene) also produces the polymers with the five-membered rings located regularly along the linear polymer chain. The cyclopolymerization is applicable to the 1,6-octadienes and 1,6-nonadienes with barbituric acid group, sulfonamide group, and 1,3-indandione group. The polymerization of the 1,6-dienes with isopropyl, isobutyl, and 2-butyl group at a vinyl carbon affords the polymers which are composed of five-membered rings and the spacers with a methyl branch. The polymerization of I-1 to I-4 obeys first-order kinetics to the monomer concentration, and the observed rate constants decrease in the order I-2 > I-3 > I-4 ≈ I-1. Cyclopolymerization of I-1 under ...


Contrary to what was predicted by some (and is sometimes still suggested), the International Law Commission's achievements over the past quarter century have been many. To seek to divide its output into successes and failures, or to measure that output against the number of conventions concluded on its basis, is an oversimplification: all of the Commission's work has contributed, to a greater or lesser degree, to the understanding and development of international law. In engaging with areas of considerable practical importance, the Commission has exerted significant influence on international law, served as a guardian of its systemic nature, and strengthened the rule of law in international affairs. If it remains attentive to the views of States, there is good reason to believe that this will continue in the future.


This study aims to measure the performance carried out on CV. Sinar Energi Gemilang (SEG) with the Balanced Scorecard method. The next objective is to find out the contribution of the factors that influence performance on the CV. Sinar Energi Gemilang uses the Balanced Scorecard method which includes four perspectives, namely financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business perspective, and growth and income perspective. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research. The data used in the form of documentation, questionnaires, and interviews. Indicators from a financial perspective are revenue growth and budget realization. Indicators from the customer perspective are market share, customer retention, customer acquisition, and customer satisfaction. The indicator of an internal business perspective is the process of innovation, operational procedures, after-sales processes. Indicators of growth and learning are the level of employee satisfaction, employee retention, employee productivity. The results show 1) performance from a financial perspective shows growth. 2) performance from the customer's perspective shows good results. 3) performance from an internal business perspective starts to improve. 4) performance from the perspective of revenue growth shows good results


In order to study the effect of infrared drying on the quality of instant shrimp and investigate the relationship between the physicochemical indexes and sensory quality of instant shrimp,moisture content,water activity,color parameters,texture parameters and sensory evaluation scores of instant shrimp treated by different infrared drying time were measured and analyzed. Also correlation analysis between sensory evaluation scores and texture parameters was carried out. The results showed that infrared drying had a significant influence on the moisture content,water activity,color and texture parameters of the instant shrimp. Hardness,resilience,cohesion and a* value of color parameter could be objectively used to evaluate the product quality instead of sensory evaluation through a regression model. The regression model between sensory evaluation scores and texture parameters was Y(sensory evaluation scores) = 0.260X1(Hardness) + 2.800X2(Resilience) + 5.425X3(Cohesion) + 0.218X4(a*)-10.744,R2=0.972.


IT is rather a sad reflection on human nature that, if there is money to be made out of any activity, then sooner or later someone will find a way of doing so dishonestly. And that is all that doping ia—dishonesty involving the use of pharmaceutical agents to influence the outcome of a competition in which the criterion ia the excellence of the speed, stamina, courage or conduct of man or beast This influence may be exerted either to increase one's own effort or to decrease that of one's opponent—doping to win or doping to loso—sometimes callñi positive or negative doping—but in most activities one of these is much more commonly met with than the other. Thus athletes may take amphetamine to increase their endurance, greyhounds are given sedatives to slow them down, pigeons are given stimulants to make them fly faster, and fighting bulla given buckets of cold water to make them sluggish. There is little finesse in such operations. The doping of racehorses, however, is a much more skilled undertaking, and it is about this that I propose to speak this morning. Horse doping Is probably as old as racing. Diomedes, son of Ares and Cyrene, fed his horses on human flesh to make them savage and unbeaUble, and this is doping within the meaning of the Act, as most rules of racing forbid the giving of anything other than normal food and water. Had these rules been in force 3,000 years ago Hercules need not have wasted his time on the eighth labour. He could simply have reported Diomedes to the Jockey Club, and had him warned off the Turf. Horse doping may be carried out in a number of ways. First, there is doping to win, in which the horse is given a stimulant drug such as caffeine in order to increase its speed or endurance. Secondly, there is doping to lose, or nobbling, in which a depressant drug such as phenobarbitone is given to sedate the animal and make it run more slowly. Thirdly, there


Progress in the design of stand alone, autonomous solar distillation equipment for the desalination of brackish water in remote arid areas, of the Sahara desert for example, has been slow with no real technical breakthroughs or game changing innovations. Although numerous models have been reported in the literature, their daily output was in the standard, marginal range that is way below 20 liters per square meter. This paper presents a different design of stand alone, autonomous solar distillation machine with a daily production in the range of 30 liters per square meter.


A technique for phase estimation of the navigation signal against the background of multipath signals is proposed. it is based on approximation of the received signal mix in the form of sum of components which delays constitute a discrete set in the delay domain. Maximum Likelihood estimates of the component's complex amplitudes are unbiased, and the phase of the first significant complex component with minimum delay is the required phase estimate. Its noisy variation can be improved by conventional tracking loops. Calculation results demonstrate that the phase estimate remains unbiased even when the true signal delay does not exactly coincide with any of the discrete points, given the additional delay of the nearest multipath signal is equal or exceeds the delay discretization step.


Counterpoint by Marland Thakar. Yale: University Press, 1991. £30/£20, 312 pp. Twentieth Century Choral Music (2nd ed.) edited by J. Perry White. New York: Scarecrow Press 1991. £18.75, 214 pp. Music File, Series 3 edited by Pauline Adams and Terry Loane. London: Mary Glasgow, 1990. £44.95 +VAT. Music File, Series 4 edited by Michael Burnett. London: Mary Glasgow, 1992. £49.95 +VAT. With an Air Debonair by Susan L. Porter. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991. £42.95, 631 pp. Silence and Music by Lewis Jones. Lewes: The Book Guild, 1992. £7.95, 94 pp. Conducting Beethoven Symphonies, vol. 1 by Norman Del Mar. Oxford: University Press, 1992, £30/£13.95, 199 pp. The Space Between the Notes by Sheila Whiteley. London: Routledge, 1992. £30/£9.99, 139 pp. American Composers by Edward Strickland. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1992. £26/£l0.50, 220 pp. Show Music on Record by Jack Raymond. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992. $45, 428 pp. The Philosopher at the Keyboard by Elizabeth Angilette. Folkestone: Shelwing, 1992. £22.15, 232 pp. Kinderball Op. 130 (piano, four hands) by Robert Schumann. Wiesbaden: Breitkopf and Hartel, 1992 (facsimile of first edition, 1854). No price given. Works for Piano, Four Hands, vols I and II by Claude Debussy. London: Constable, 1992. £8.95 each. St. John Passion (choral score) by Arvo Part. Wien: Universal Edition, 1985. £4.05. Concerto for Flute and Orchestra by Ellen Taaffe Zwilich. Bryn Mawr: Merion Music, 1991. £28.05. The Sorriest Cow of Capricorn by Paul Patterson. Wien: Universal Edition, 1990. £10.60.


Since its emergence, data cubes have been well-adopted by users as a tool to analyze data collected in multi-dimensional way. However, often users are overwhelmed by the massive amount of data presented in a data cube, especially it is not uncommon for the number of cells to reach the magnitude of thousand or even million. This poses non-trivial challenges on locating pairs of cells having significant difference in measures within a data cube. Thus, it is crucial and practical to investigate into the issue of efficient cell comparisons with complex measures based on user-specified constraints. This thesis introduces the concept of constrained gradients. It proposes two algorithms, All-Significant-Pairs and LiveSet-Driven, to mine constrained gradients in data cubes by extracting pairs of cells with significant difference in their measures. The two algorithms approach the same problem from different angles. Experimental results show that LiveSet-Driven algorithm, which employs group-processing technique, is more efficient. To complete our study, we also investigate the problem of constrained gradient mining in transaction databases. Motivated by cross-selling, constrained frequent pattern pairs with significant difference in their measures are mined in transaction database. A Top-k FP-tree data structure is proposed to deal with complex measures in frequent pattern mining. Based on FP-growth algorithm, two algorithms are presented to find valid constrained frequent pattern pairs. iv Acknowledgments I would like to acknowledge my senior supervisor, Dr. Jiawei Han, for giving me the opportunity to work on a novel and practical thesis topic. His support, guidance and vision are crucial to the shaping and creation of this thesis. I would also like to thank Dr. Ke Wang for being my supervisor and giving invaluable comments on my thesis. My gratitude goes to Dr. Ze-Nian Li for his keen insights, stimulating discussions and willingness to take time to be my examiner. Special thanks go to Dr. Joseph G. Peters for being my chair and for his genuine concern on students. My appreciation goes to Dr. Guozhu Dong at Wright State University in Ohio for the numerous email discussions we exchanged. It was an enjoyable experience to collaborate with him in a paper. I would like to thank Jian Pei for his perceptive advice and concrete suggestions throughout the whole process of this thesis. The discussion we had and his constant guidance made a great impact on the realization of this thesis. I would also like to thank Runying Mao for her …


In this paper, we are concerned with the weighted elliptic system \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} -\Delta u=|x|^{\beta} v^{\vartheta},\\ -\Delta v=|x|^{\alpha} |u|^{p-1}u, \end{cases}\quad \mbox{in}\;\ \Omega, \end{equation*}where $\Omega$ is a subset of $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N \ge 5$, $\alpha >-4$, $0 \le \beta \le \dfrac{N-4}{2}$, $p>1$ and $\vartheta=1$. We first apply Pohozaev identity to construct a monotonicity formula and find their certain equivalence relation. By the use of {\it Pohozaev identity}, {\it monotonicity formula} of solutions together with a {\it blowing down} sequence, we prove Liouville-type theorems of stable solutions for the weighted elliptic system (whether positive or sign-changing) in the higher dimension.


This study examined the role of certain predisposing factors of stress in women. The sample used for the present study consists of 661 women including both working and non-working in Kerala, India. Convenient sampling method was employed to collect data. The variables utilized in the research were Stress (Family stress, Social stress, and Environmental stress), Personality (Time urgency, aggression, and hostility Polyphasic behavior, Inappropriate, and Goal directedness without proper planning), and Hostility (Guilt, Self- criticism, Cynical hostility, Projection hostility, Criticizing others, and Acting out). The tests together with a personal data sheet have been administered to subjects individually. To test the tenability, the present study employed statistical technique like Two-way ANOVA and Post hoc Scheffe' test. The findings of the study revealed that Type A women experience high family stress, social stress, and overall stress. The findings also revealed that high hostile women experience higher stress than low hostile women. It is also noted that Type A high hostile women experience high social stress and overall stress. In the light of the above it can be stated that personality pattern of women and their level of hostility is playing a major role on development of stress in women.


The 17
O NMR spin–lattice relaxation
times, T
 1
, of the solvent water in
aqueous solutions of nine alcohols and five diols have been
determined as a function of the concentration at 25°C.
For the alcohol solutions, the concentration dependence of
T
 1
 has been determined in the
temperature range from 1 to 50°C. The value of
n
 h
[(τ
 c

 h
/
τ
 c

 0
)-1] which has been obtained
from the concentration dependence of T
 1

has been defined as the dynamic hydration number
(n
 DHN
). The values of the coordination
numbers n
 h
, have been estimated on the
basis of the water-accessible surface areas (ASA) of the
solute molecules. The rotational correlation times,
τ
 c

 h
, of water molecules around the
solute molecules have been estimated and compared with that
of pure water τ
 c

 0
. The value of
τ
 c

 h
/τ
 c

 0

=2.22 for Bu
 t
OH at 25°C is the largest
among the solutes investigated. The
τ
 c

 h
/τ
 c

 0

values of the n-alcohols and diols increase with
increasing ASA and become almost constant. The
τ
 c

 h
/τ
 c

 0

values decrease with increasing temperature and approach
constant value above 40°C. The temperature dependence of
τ
 c

 h
/τ
 c

 0

for Bu
 t
OH is the largest. The activation energy
of τ
 c

 h
 for n-alcohols has
the maximum value at ASA≈240 A
 2
. These
results are discussed by considering the molecular sizes.
The
τ
 c

 h
/τ
 c

 0

value for a diol was smaller than that of the corresponding
n-alcohol. This result supports the concept that
hydrophobic hydration is distributed by the OH groups of the
solute molecules. The thermodynamic properties of hydration
for n-alcohols, butanol isomers and diols are
linearly dependent on their n
 DHN
.


The paper analyzes the long-term dynamics of stocks and annual catches
of Pacific cod of the Kuril Islands, and also considers the structure of its
modern fishery, taking into account the changes that have occurred in the
organization of its coastal fishing in recent years. It was shown that the
dynamics of commercial biomass of Pacific cod in the Northern and Southern
Kuril Islands is comparable to that in 1975-2020 for groups in the southeastern
part of the Bering Sea, the Karagin and Olyutor bays, on the shelf of Western
Kamchatka, and in south-western Sakhalin. Development of the cod fishery in
the North and South Kuril Islands in 1980-2019 went in accordance with the
dynamics of stocks, the maximum catches were observed during the period
of a high level of abundance of both groups in the 1980s. While the structure
of the cod fishery on the shelf of the Northern Kuril Islands to date can be
considered established, the development of fishing in the South Kuril Islands
in the last two decades went by the gradual replacement of trawl fishing in the
winter-spring period with snorkeling in the summer season.


Abstract : The Army's Vanadium Technology Program developed a prototype bridge and then approached TARDEC to test and evaluate two-representative sections of bridge. The focus of the effort was on evaluating the assembly time and gathering strain and deflection data under prescribed loads for finite element model (FEM) validation. The pieces to assemble and join the two sections arrived at TARDEC's Bridge Testing Lab in late January and the bridge was completely assembled inside the lab by 4 men in a cumulative 11 hours over 3 days. The assembly process relied upon an experienced manufacturer's representative (who supervised the entire assembly), 15k forklift, two 30k rolling carts (for positioning the sections for assembly), air compressor, and approximately two dozen commercially available tools and safety items. Comments about the assembly process can be summarized as physically demanding - requiring a relatively long time and fatiguing effort compared to 40 foot of bridge typically assembled by Army Soldiers. Suggestions to improve the assembly time are to reduce the number of fasteners, ship more completely assembled bridge sections and make use of larger forklifts/cranes to lift and join the assembled sections. A section designed along with a launch mechanism and crew choreography is suggested to optimize the time to cross the gap.


The mechanical in-plane shear testing method for advanced composite panels has not yet been authorized internationally because of its difficulty to present the uniform shear stress field and the reliable shear properties. In the present paper, the several revisions of the traditional picture-frame loading fixture are proposed to use for the in-plane shear testing method. The experiments on unidirectional and cloth-reinforced CFRP specimens and the numerical analyses by the use of FEM were performed in order to verify the advantages of these various revisions. As a result, the uniform pure shear stress state and hence the reliable higher shear strengths were obtained, because there is no large stress concentrations along edges and at corners, compared with other testing methods which used the traditional simple picture-frame fixture, two-rail or three-rail shear fixtures and JIS method. That is, in these shear tests which are used most widely at present, the lower shear strengths were obtained because of the premature failure due to stress concentration and nonuniform stress distribution. Further, it seemed that JIS method for GFRP did not give a shear fracture under combined stress conditions in unidirectional composites.


This article focuses on major ways of cognition process of human reality. The author analyses the main parts of cognition process and its defining components one of which is a cognitive structure. The author formulates the key issues of conditions of cognitive structure existence and its viability in the context of a new experience.


1 I. BACKGROUND 1 The AEC 1 Safety Experience 2 Criticallty Risk in Perspective 7 Definition of Nuclear Criticallty Safety 8 Practical Nuclear-Safety Fundamentals . . . . . 8 II. FUNDAMENTALS OF CRITICALITY 9 Qualitative Criticality Concepts 9 Origins of Criticality Data 10 Typical Detailed Computational Techniques 11 Simple Computation 14 III. CRITICALITY INFORMATION—INDIVIDUAL UNITS AT NORMAL DENSITY . . 14 Relationships for Shape Conversion 15 Effects of Various Reflectors 18 More About Solutions and Mixtures 19 Heterogeneous Uranium-Water Systems . 21 More About Poisons 23 IV. CRITICALITY INFORMATION—LOW-DENSITY UNITS AND ARRAYS 24 Homogeneous Low-Density Systems 25 Near-Equilateral Air-Spaced Arrays 27 Storage Applications 29 Surface-Density Model of Arrays 31 Groups of a Few Fissile Units 34 Further Observations About Interaction . 35 V. GENERAL CRITICALITY-CONTROL PRACTICES 37 Tools for Criticality Evaluation 37 The General Criticallty Safety Standard 38 Specialized Standards and Criticality Safety Guides 40 Transport Regulations 42 Continuing Interest 43


This paper analysis one of the basic properties of liquid slag which is viscosity. The slag in the mold fills there is between the wall and the ingot mold, where it occurs in the form of a thin layer of solidified and molten slag. The main function is to lubricate the walls of the crystallizer and control of the heat transport from the solidifying steel. The research work carried out by concentric cylinder viscosity for five samples of slag for use in industrial environments. The study was conducted for the temperature range 1200-1550◦C. Then the experimental results were compared with model calculations. The differences between the experimental results and the model calculations are related to the construction of the slag and the assumptions. Measurements under laboratory conditions on the two-phase system: a liquid solution of the dispersed phase ion steel carbon, whereas the calculation model are the liquid-phase, and therefore the viscosity calculated values are lower than the values measured.


Due to a typesetting error, spacing in table i was lost, obscuring the conservation of ␣ N217 and its mutation to lysine. The table should have appeared as it appears below.


Recent technological advances have indicated widespread use of Voice Over Long-Term Evolution (VoLTE) networks based on developing 5G networks. Despite its ease of design and deployment, VoLTE is vulnerable to many sorts of attacks at the control plane's Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), which exchanges signaling messages for calls via starting call setups, management, and termination. These SIP attacks may take the form of modified SIP messages that force the SIP devices to restart, or they may take the form of flooding the SIP devices with invite messages, register requests that cause the device to run out of memory, and denying genuine users access to the device. These attacks are commonly known as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. The SIP register injection attack, which might be injected during the commencement step by SIP equipped devices (SIP smartphones), prior to setting up the Secured Internet Protocol (IPsec) tunnel for the remaining SIP sessions, is of particular relevance, due to its characteristics of exhausting the available bandwidth, memory, and CPU resources, resulting in SIP device failure. Consequently, there is a need to address this difficulty by building an SIP register injection attack detection and mitigation technique. Prior to being processed by the Proxy Call Session Control Function. The proposed scheme verifies each initial register request from User Equipment (UE) at the home network of Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystems (IMS) and compares it to the incoming SIP register request pattern with those stored on the scheme's table (P-CSCF). The proposed technique detects and drops every SIP register request with an abnormal pattern that is associated with an attack. The method proved promising with detection accuracy of over 96.67 percent, which is a solid potential as a preliminary setup towards the creation of a robust Real-time SIP detection and mitigation scheme for 5G networks.


A new, philological edition of the marginal notes in Andreas Capellanus' «DeAmore's» medieval Catalan translation, uniquely preserved in Real Biblioteca de Madrid's manuscript II-3096 (I), accompanied by transcriptions of the sentence or paragraph which each note refers to. These notes are thematically classified in four groups and described so as to outline their medieval annotator's main interests.


Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been incriminated in the pathogenesis of pre eclampsia (PE). Th is study aimed at evaluating the contribution of mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, redox signaling and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of mitochondrial dysfunction in pre-eclamptic placenta. Forty pregnant females were classified equally into two groups: Group І (control group), included normotensive pregnant females and Group ІІ (PE group) included, pre eclamptic pregnant females. After delivery, placental tissue samples were collected for estimation of mRNA expression levels of Mitofusin2 (Mfn2) using quantitative real-time PCR . Dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial Cytochrome c release ,and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) were measured by ELISA . Mitochondrial complex I, and citrate synthase enzyme activity were assessed spectrophotometrically. ATP levels, Caspase-9 activity , inorganic nitrites and nitrate levels ,and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activ ity were measured by colorimetric assay kit. Pre eclamptic placentae showed significant decrease in complex I, ATP levels and citrate synthase activity. mRNA expression of Mfn2 were downregulated with marked elevation of DRP1 protein levels .There were altered redox status as judged by the elevation of NO and protein nitration with reduction in the total SOD activity in pre-eclamptic placentae. There were also activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis as judged by release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol and significant increase in caspase -9 levels in Pre-eclampt ic placentae compared to controls. Our data strongly nominated significant association between mitochondrial dysfunction, disturbed dynamics, altered redox status and the susceptibility to apoptosis in pre-eclamptic placenta as key players in the multifactorial pathogenic mechanis ms of PE


The WCD report provides the best and most detailed analysis of "participation" yet elaborated by a body of such standing. It says participation should mean "free, prior informed consent" or "demonstrable public acceptance" of affected chair. The WCD conducted a number of thematic reviews and case studies, held hearings in all regions of the world and received nearly one thousand evidence submissions.


CLIN ICAL NURSE SPEC IALI STTM Clinical Nurse SpecialistTM Copyright © 2004 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. B July 2002, prescribing hormone therapy (HT) for menopausal symptoms—hot flashes, sleep disturbance, headache, mood problems, and vaginal dryness—was easier. However, when the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) halted its trial of estrogen-plus-progestin therapy because adverse events outweighed HT's benefits, determining therapy became much more difficult. Intense media attention surrounding the study generated confusion, even fear. Patients flooded telephone lines of their healthcare providers, querying whether they should continue HT while others went "cold turkey." The WHI's halting of the estrogen-plus-progestin trial prompted major changes in treatment of menopausal symptoms. First, no longer is HT deemed the panacea for preventing multiple signs and symptoms of menopause. Healthcare providers are more cautious when prescribing HT and individualizing their approach to menopausal relief.


Samples of poly(butadiene-co-styrene)—all of charge ratio butadiene:styrene 72:28—were prepared in emulsion at 15, 30, 40, and 50°C. Essentially the same redox recipe was used for each, with slight modifications to produce in about the same time polymers of similar intrinsic vistex (1.9 to 2.0) at similar conversions (about 65%) well below the gel point. Each sample was fractionated by precipitation from 1% benzene solution with methanol, special pains being taken to obtain fractions of equal size (each around 5% of the original rubber in the sample fractionated). Careful measurements of the viscosity functions [η], β, and k′ for each fraction were made; with every sample except that prepared at the lowest temperature, the values of β and k′ were observed to deviate in the high molecular weight region from the "base value" common to lower fractions, the deviation starting at a lower molecular weight, and being greater at a given high molecular weight, the higher the temperature of polymerization. It is concluded that branching in a diene polymer of this type is repressed as the temperature of polymerization is decreased: the lower the temperature the higher is the molecular weight at which branching is detectable and the lower is the degree of branching at a given molecular weight. In the 15°C. rubber no branching was detectable at any molecular weight.


Interactions of sperm whale ferrimyoglobin with the cationic detergent laurylpyridinium chloride in aqueous medium were studied by measurement of spectral changes in the Soret band of the prosthetic group. Spectrophotometric titrations were carried out in 0.02 M sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.1 at 25 °C in the concentration ranges of 1 mM—1 μM myoglobin and up to 10 mM laurylpyridinium chloride and also at various NaCl concentrations, up to 0.5 M. A thermodynamic analysis was carried out assuming in all-or-none interaction between the hemoprotein and the detergent. The apparent stoichiometric coefficients for the association of the detergent with the protein and the average standard free energy changes of the interactions were evaluated. The thermodynamic data obtained correspond to values characteristic for hydrophobic interactions. The dependence of the spectral transition curves on total myoglobin concentration found in the present system enabled an evaluation of equilibria involving dissociation of the prosthetic group from the ferrimyoglobin by the action of the cationic detergent. Direct experimental evidence obtained for this process by chromatography has been presented previously. This leads to interpretation of the spectral effects observed as a result of association between ferriheme and laurylpyridinium chloride molecules.


Written 2009 (see the various sections for authors). Non-accelerator experiments have become increasingly important in particle physics. These include classical cosmic ray experiments, neutrino oscillation measurements, and searches for double-beta decay, dark matter candidates, and magnetic monopoles. The experimental methods are sometimes those familiar at accelerators (plastic scintillators, drift chambers, TRD's, etc.) but there is also instrumentation either not found at accelerators or applied in a radically different way. Examples are atmospheric scintillation


The conversion of tacit knowledge is the key of Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements (TSTA), whether realizing TSTA effectively or not is up to the internalization ability of tacit knowledge in the process of digestion, absorption and innovation etc. From the transferor of TSTA, the transferee of TSTA, the difference of both sides, the inherent characteristics of tacit knowledge, this article puts forward the formation of barrier factors of tacit knowledge converting in TSTA. In this foundation, the barrier factors of tacit knowledge converting in TSTA will be identified and appraised with the method of rough sets in order to provide some reference for enhancing the efficiency and the effect of TSTA.


Introduction: Orphan receptors, receptors that have been identified in a genome but whose function and endogenous ligand have not been identified, are a problem for neuroscientists due to the limited amount of knowledge regarding them. Many orphan receptors are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are involved in a variety of biological processes. This project involves a novel method in studying orphan receptors by first locating them in the gene libraries of molluscan species, in particular gastropods commonly known as "sea slugs."


This paper reports on a scoping exercise designed to assist Workforce Capacity and Planning manage the challenges of team working in the wake of the 20/20 initiative. A scoping review of key literature was undertaken with a view to identifying the theoretical and probable challenges of: team re-structuring and merger, sources of organisational pain, and possible responses to associated difficulties.

Scoping Key Messages
•Major organisational transitions (downsizing, merger, restructuring) rarely achieve their original aims and are highly likely to worsen team functioning.
•Those in lower civil service grades are liable to be more fearful of transformational changes, as are those who were in tightly knit groups/teams prior to any change. Senior organisational members are less likely to fear transformational change due to their wider organisational connections and outlook.
•A decline in, or the paucity of, senior management communication during change can exacerbate fears, uncertainty, loss of identity, and the development of us (workers) and them (managers) divide.
•Merging teams can cause conflict where: cultures and working practices are at odds, where there is competition for supremacy, or where roles/skills overlap.
•Very few teams work collectively or collaboratively. For the most part, teams reflect the efforts of individuals that are then co-ordinated (in western models). This is particularly true of teams comprised of members of highly skilled professions.
•Training and supervision for effective team working tends to be poor.
•Higher performing teams tend to be self-managed but with appropriate supervision and support (e.g. resources, decision-making and emotional support).
•Higher performing teams (and their leaders) tend to: commit to collective action; have shared cultures, norms and objectives; work in a wider organisational context that supports team working (rewards, reporting structures, communication lines, openness & flexibility), and; are characterised by trust and commitment.
•Effective team leadership / management implies: clear and consistent communication (especially at times of organisational transition), appropriate support, shared culture and trust based relations.

The report was produced for internal DoH use and is not publicly available.


To the Editor.— Persistent phototoxicity from demeclocycline, a tetracycline compound, may last for a few weeks or for as long as 22 months. 1 Demeclocycline phototoxicity appears as an exaggerated sunburn erythema, whereas nalidixic acid phototoxicity, which shows characteristically as isolated blistering of exposed areas that may or may not be accompanied by erythema, can resemble porphyria cutanea tarda. 2,3 Persistent phototoxicity from nalidixic acid is known to occur, 3 and I wish to record another case. Report of a Case A 2-year-old girl was treated for a urinary infection with 250 mg of nalidixic acid (Negram) three times daily for 17 days during early December, which is a summer month in Australia. The administration of nalidixic acid was discontinued following phototoxic blistering and erythema of the face and the backs of the fingers and hands that healed in ten days, leaving increased freckling and pigmentation. The child was


This article aims to address the question of why China's bond market, particularly sovereign bond, is still quite underdeveloped while the country has enjoyed a spectacular economic growth since the launch of economic reforms. To do so, we provide an empirical analysis on the long-run and short-run determinants of China's sovereign bond yield over the period 1994 to 2012. We find that China's sovereign bond yield is not well-constructed because of not considering the fundamental macroeconomic conditions. This should be considered as one of the most important reasons hampering the advancement of bond market in China.


This document focuses on road safety campaigns and what makes a successful campaign. A literature review and survey of World Road Association (PIARC) member countries was conducted. Areas discussed include: an introduction to road safety campaigns; road user behavior; types of campaigns; target audience; and media.


The approximations leading to linear-phase MFIR filters are analyzed. It is shown that the zero-phase nature of the IIR transfer functions to use as targets requires different approximation expressions for the poles inside and outside the unit circle and determines the presence of positive powers of z (anticipation) in the resulting MFIR filter expressions. >