Introduction. The determining factor of the development of any enterprise is a strategy formed by its leadership that can achieve a certain goal. In a competitive environment that strengthens on regional agricultural market, where one wrong move could cost you significant losses, and sometimes even the enterprise bankruptcy, the time of intuitive decision making based on the subjective choice of directions and ways of market participants gradually passes away. The problem of choosing a clear and coherent strategy, policy and strategic management planning for each company separately and for the industry as a whole raises sharply. Purpose. The aim of the paper is the theoretical justification of the concept of strategic management of agricultural enterprises of Lugansk region. Setting of the goal has identified the need to develop the purposes of the mentioned concept and new approaches of agricultural enterprises management. Method (methodology). Theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of cognition and systematic approach to the study of economic phenomena and processes, research work of national and foreign scientists-economists regarding strategic approach to the management of enterprises. Results. Studies have shown that the concept of agricultural enterprises of the region is to develop strategies and tactics of their behavior in the market. In the course of the study, a typical concept of strategic development of agricultural enterprises is developed. It includes such strategic management objectives as: to improve efficiency and ensure the development of agricultural enterprises; to increase the share of income of agricultural enterprises in the budget area; to provide food security. It is proved that the realization of these goals will contribute to the concept of sustainable use of resources and obtaining of competitive products, growth of welfare of the inhabitants of the region, and timely and objective control will increase the effectiveness of planned activities.


Phase-change materials(PCMs)can be used to reduce thermal stress and improve thermal comfort for workers wearing thermal protective clothing under fire.In this paper,a numerical model is developed,which investigates heat transfer within protective clothing system coupled with PCM layer when suddenly exposed to convective and radiant heat flux from simulated pre-flashover fire radiation.The simulation results are validated by the experimental values conducted in the apparatus for evaluating thermal protective performance and the computer results agreed well with the experimental values.The relations among protective performance and melting point,configuration of PCM layer in the protective clothing are also investigated by the model results.It was found that PCM have a positive effect on heat protection compared with the fire protective clothing commonly used.However,the efficiency of protection for human skin burn injury depends on the location and the thermal properties of PCM layer.


As one of the current scientific research hotspots, atmospheric aerosol not only affects human health and environmental quality, but also has an important impact on atmospheric radiation transmission, laser engineering and other fields. In this paper, we used multi-rotors UAV as a platform, equipped with Portable Optical Particle Profiler (POPS) and meteorological parameter instrument to measure near-surface aerosol properties in Hefei, China, and analyzed the characteristics of aerosol particle number concentration, effective radius and vertical spectrum distribution. The results show that in Hefei, the concentration of aerosol particles in the near-surface layer varies significantly from day to day. The size distribution of aerosol particle shows "double peaks", which can be described by the superposition of two modes. The peak centers are at 0.18 μm and about 0.5 μm. In this study, the physical parameters of aerosols obtained by UAVs can be used to calculate the optical properties of aerosols. It also provides technical support for the subsequent research of aerosols in the modeling of atmospheric aerosols in the region.


The invention relates to a method for rust prevention of a surface of a neodymium iron boron magnet. The method comprises the following steps: soaking a neodymium iron boron magnet, which is subjected to mechanical processing and angle lapping, such as slicing, into water-based protecting liquid for 5-15 days, and washing to generate a layer of compact protecting film. The invention aims at rust prevention treatment of a buffer process with longer time for surface treatment of the next process after the neodymium iron boron magnet is mechanically processed and formed, and is a transition for sequential surface treatment for phosphorization, electroplating or organic coating. The method of soaking through solution has the advantages of simple process, short time, easiness in cleaning, and no influence on physical and chemical performances of the neodymium iron boron.


Taking single period injection as an example,the influence of frequency and fluctuation amplitude of the injection field on the dynamics and synchronization of semiconductor lasers are studied numerically.The single period injection is obtained through direct modulation and external modulation,and a modified correlation coefficient called similarity index is used to evaluate the synchronization performance.The results show that injection locking synchronization is realized when injection rate is large enough.In the injection locking regime,similarity index is larger for external modulation than that for direct modulation.If injection rate keeps unchanged,synchronization is little affected by modulation index,but it is affected by modulation frequency.Since outputs of the master laser are antiphase for direct modulation and external modulation,the fluctuations of similarity index with modulation frequency for the two lasers are contrary.


This research analyzes local administrative system in the Seoul Metropolitan City and its sub-boroughs with regard to provide effective public services. In recent, the agenda of integrated administrative area introduced a bill to the National Assembly for raising local administrative effectiveness. This bill also suggested that the Seoul Metropolitan City should consider to unify its sub-boroughs and to establish integrated administration of a larger region. That means, only sub-borough"s level autonomy remains but not the Seoul Metropolitan level. It endangers the existence of the Seoul Metropolitan City as a self governing body. The Seoul Metropolitan City has extended and separated its administrative districts and sub-boroughs following an increase in population. As of 2009, Seoul Metropolitan City has 25 sub-boroughs. However, the subdivided administrative area cause ineffective public service provision in terms of the severance of a sphere of life. In this context, we need to consider how many integrated sub-boroughs make an ideal alternatives? In order to explore ways for the solution, we investigated into local administrative system in metropolitan area at global level. Analysis of local administrative system in London, Tokyo, New York, Berlin, and Paris showed that the metropolitan city has the advantage of maintaining dual-hierarchy system, and can unify sub-borouhgs in partial level. We examined the basic statistical data, financial, and public service variables in order for seeking ideal model for sub-boroughs unification. We investigated into five-integrated, nine-integrated plan, and the original 25 plan through a z-score and a coefficient variation analysis at each plan. As a result, the best suggestion of integration was the nine-integrated administration plan. If the Seoul Metropolitan City should unify its sub-boroughs, the nineintegrated plan will be an reliable alternative rather than others. However, we suggest that the original administrative districts are suitable to the Seoul Metropolitan City in terms of local autonomy. Aggressive integration causes the breaking of the Seoul Metropolitan City as a larger regional administration body, and brings out a risk getting centralized administration. In conclusion, we need to consider a variety ways of intergovernmental governance's revitalizing within maintaining present dual-hierarchy administrative system.


We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of the first miniature ionic wind pumps with monolithic, additively manufactured, multi-needle active electrodes. Our devices stably operate in air at atmospheric pressure and room temperature while generating a negative corona discharge. Our five-needle ionic wind pumps eject gas at 2.9 m/s and at a volumetric flow rate of 343 cm3/s, which is a threefold larger than the flow rate of a single-tip device with comparable efficiency. A model that efficiently and effectively predicts the long-timescale airflow characteristics from the computation intensive, short-timescale simulation of the corona process is presented and validated via experiments.


Some projects are used for teaching program evaluation (Hosticka, 1980; O'Sullivan, 1982; Ballard, 1987; Miller & Brasswell, 1988; Moxley & Visingardi, 1989). Other projects are used to try new methods or to satisfy community service requirements (see Parker & Newman, 1989). Some faculty just want to &dquo;keep their hands in.&dquo; All these are good rationales for engaging in agency-based research from an academic setting. Unless one has access to a research center or substantial funding, resource constraints limit the size of these research projects. This is unfortunate because larger projects are often more rewarding for both agency and researcher. This paper will discuss dealing with those size limitations through the creation of a short-term consortium. The concept will be briefly discussed, a case study will be presented and some principles for developing short-term consortia will be outlined. A discussion of the strengths and limitations of this approach also will be presented.


THE COLONISATION OF THE CIRCUM-CARIBBEAN AREA BROUGHT unprecedented levels of industrial agriculture, imperial rivalry, indigenous contact, forced African migration, and subaltern resistance to that part of the world, especially in the seventeenth century. The Torrid Zone provides fresh perspectives on the importance of the Caribbean, especially as historians continue to emphasise connectivity in the Atlantic world and across the globe. The volume contains contributions from seasoned historians like L.H. Roper, Erik Gøbel, and James Robertson, in addition to a cadre of up-and-coming experts in the field. The Torrid Zone focuses on the experiences of Indigenous, African, and Jewish people in the Caribbean, the nature and nuance of imperial rivalry including the often-neglected Danish colonisation efforts, and the unique socioeconomic character of many of the Caribbean islands as they were colonised over the course of the long seventeenth century. Taken together, this broad set of themes and the wide temporal scope expand our understanding of the pivotal role that the Caribbean played in social, economic, and religious history. The book is broken into three sections that are thematically organised. The first section consists of three essays focused on the indigenous perspective. The second section, consisting of six essays, covers imperial rivalry in Jamaica, Suriname, Saint-Domingue, and the Danish West Indies. Finally, the third section contains three essays that deal with the extension of the social and cultural formations of the Torrid Zone into the wider world through the migration of people and ideas. During the seventeenth century, Indigenous people in the Caribbean held considerable power despite the relentless encroachment of European colonialisms. The first chapter by Tessa Murphy sheds light on how the Kalinago actively shaped the socioeconomic landscape of the Lesser Antilles. Murphy skilfully illustrates how the Kalinago were "a polity that sought to counter foreign incursion through a combination of diplomacy and force" (19) as they negotiated treaties and engaged in military conquests of European-held territories in the


When we are engaged in metaphorical conceptualization online, we create and comprehend a metaphorical contextual meaning through an expression with a more basic, literal meaning. How does this process happen? I cannot answer this question as a psychologist or psycholinguist would; I attempt to answer it from the perspective of a cognitive linguist, and ask: What are the specific figurative devices (metaphors and metonymies) that the process requires in an act of metaphorical conceptualization? I propose that there is not a single device on a single level of conceptualization but several such devices on several levels participating in every act of metaphor use. Furthermore, I suggest that the participating devices constitute conceptual hierarchies that are different for correlation-based and resemblance-based metaphors. I call such hierarchies of figurative devices "metaphoric conceptual pathways." Finally, I contend that these conceptual pathways emerge in and are shaped by several different context types.


The invention discloses a polyimide film. The polyimide film is prepared by the steps of copolymerizing fluorine-containing dianhydride, fluorine-containing diamine and silicon-containing diamine in the presence of an aprotic solvent to generate polyamide acid, and carrying out thermal imidization to obtain the polyimide film. The prepared polyimide film has excellent colourless transparency and high adhesion to various materials. The ultraviolet light cutoff wavelength of the polyimide film is 330nm-345nm, and the maximal transmittance of the polyimide film at 400nm reaches up to 96%; the adhesive force levels of the polyimide film with the surfaces of substrates including aluminum plates, copper foil, glass, ceramic and the like can all reach level 1 or above, the polyimide film does not fall at all after being boiled in water of 80 DEG C for 500 hours, and the lap shear strength exceeds 1.5MPa; meanwhile, the polyimide film preserves high heat resistance and mechanical strength, the tensile strength is 45MPa-83MPa, and the initial decomposition temperature is 483-532 DEG C; furthermore, the polyimide film can be dissolved in partial organic solvents, is good in machinability and has good application prospects in the photoelectric fields of flexible solar cell substrates, liquid crystal display oriented films, communication-linked optical waveguide materials, and the like.


The SNAP‐tag is a modified protein designed from the DNA repair protein O6‐alkylguanine‐DNA‐alkyltransferase that recognizes benzylguanine derivatives and covalently attaches to the tag (Johnsson, 2003). To advance this method for in vivo and translational research we need better ways to modify target cells as well as improvements in probe design. We developed a retroviral vector bearing SNAP‐ADRB2 protein and Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) for the generation of permanently transduced cancer cell lines. The SNAP‐ADRB2 sequence from a commercial plasmid was cloned into p28z‐IRES‐hsvTKGFP. The chimeric antigen receptor p28z of this plasmid was replaced with SNAP‐ADRB2 to construct the final vector SNAP‐ADRB2iTG. Supernatants from H29 virus producer cells were collected at 48 and 72 hours following transfection and used to permanently transduce C6 (rat glioma) and U87 (human glioma) cells in culture. Vector presence in the C6 and U87 cells was confirmed by GFP imaging and expression analysis using flow cytometry. Functionality of the SNAP‐tag system was assessed by in vitro labeling with fluorescent Surface‐549 substrate. The externalized SNAP protein was confirmed by fluorescent microscopy after in vitro labeling, which demonstrated a localized signal on the membrane of target cells. GFP and SNAP fluorescence in target cells persisted for at least two weeks. We have successfully created a new retroviral vector that allowed the generation of human and rat cancer cell lines with constitutive expression of the SNAP‐tag that could be used for in vitro and in vivo imaging. Further development of probes for this system could open the possibility of translational applications.


The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically impacted clinical practice due to staff redeployment, reduced face-to-face patient contact and the temporary closure of routine services1 . Consequently, this has had a negative effect on the experiential training and education of doctors across all specialties globally, including Dermatology2,3 . Due to the limitations imposed on physical gatherings, learning has had to rapidly shift to online platforms in order to bridge the gap in training requirements. We describe the consultant-led interactive delivery of ten educational online modules to Dermatology trainees across Wales.


Unmanned air vehicle (UAV) as an aerial base station (ABS) has attracted the attention of cellular service providers to enable emergency communications. However, the unplanned multiple ABS deployment poses severe interference challenges that degrade the user's performance. To maximize the system sum capacity, we propose the use of K-means and Q-learning assisted 3D ABS Placement and Power allocation algorithm (KQPP). Specifically, we combine the benefits of K-means and Q-learning algorithms to achieve this goal. As a result, we successfully improve the sum capacity by satisfying all the users' minimum data rate requirements. The proposed approach achieves 6bps/Hz and 16bps/Hz higher sum-capacity gain compared to equal power allocation and particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based power allocation schemes, respectively.


Fiber Bragg gratings as key components in telecommunication, fiber lasers, and sensing systems usually rely on the Bragg condition for single mode fibers. In special applications, such as in biophotonics and astrophysics, high light coupling efficiency is of great importance and therefore, multimode fibers are often preferred. The wavelength filtering effect of Bragg gratings in multimode fibers, however is spectrally blurred over a wide modal spectrum of the fiber. With a well-designed all solid multicore microstructured fiber a good light guiding efficiency in combination with narrow spectral filtering effect by Bragg gratings becomes possible.


Toincorporate high current Electro- Static Discharge (ESD) conditions, wehaveextended a NMOS SPICEmodel toinclude models ofaparasitic BJT, body(substrate) resistance andimpact ionization current. Theapproach taken models thegeometry andlayout dependence oftheNMOS,making themodelscalable. The developed model predicts trigger voltages ofMOSandBJT qualitatively andwith reasonable accuracy. Clamps having longer bodytosource spacing areseentotrigger the parasitic BJTfaster, irrespective oftheMOSchannel length. Theparasitic BJTdevice parameters donothavesignificant effect ontheclamp turn-on voltage. Keywords -NMOS,SPICEModel, parasitic BJT,trigger voltage, bodyresistance, avalanche current. I,.~ ~ ~ ~~~Ir wd VD


BACKGROUND: The development of an alternative to the conventional therapy for microvarices and telangiectasias without using chemical products aims at reducing side effects, using a needle for mechanical lysis of vessels. It uses Lohmann Brown hens as the experimental model. OBJECTIVE: To develop a new technique, creating an alternative treatment without using chemical products, aiming at the reduction of side effects. METHODS: Thirty Lohmann Brown hens were used, 15 submitted to the conventional method of treating microvarices and telangiectasias (control group) and 15 receiving the proposed experimental treatment (experimental group). The experimental group was treated using a needle for vascular lysis, passing through the whole extension of chosen vessels in staggered punctures until the whole vessel was reached. The control group was treated with ethanolamine oleate and 50% glucose, puncturing the vessel with a 13 x 3 mm needle and injecting on average 0.3 mL of the solution in each vessel. RESULTS: Of the 50 vessels treated in the experimental group, two presented total recurrence, five partial recurrence and 43 satisfactory destruction (lysis), whereas of the 51 vessels treated in the control group, four presented total recurrence, 12 partial recurrence, 22 satisfactory destruction and 13 presented conduit vessel stiffness. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that the experimental method using a needle for vascular lysis is more efficient for the treatment of microvarices when compared with the conventional method, due to reduction in recurrence rates and absence of hyperchromatism of conduit vessel stiffness.


Companies willing to develop their activities internationally face several kinds of risks: political instability, unfair competition, and economic espionage, but also corruption in public tendering for industrial projects. In extreme cases, these risks can combine when the company does not have access to tools that are as responsive or influential as those of its competitors. Today, the rise in the corruption risk can be considered a distortion of competition since laws are different in each country. These new forms of hyper-competition, which are linked to the emergence of players that do not have to follow the same rules, creates a new challenge. Good internal governance, such as process audits and preventive investigation, which are grouped under the concept of "compliance," constitute new ways of protecting oneself against these threats.


This paper introduced the visualization programming method based on integration of IDL and .NET.Through in- tegrating IDLDrawWidget control in VB.NET,it established the visualization system prototype highly effective and convenient- ly.The practice indicates,that in visualization application domain,IDL and .NET union programming realizes the superiority supplementary,and has the high usability.


{ One major concern of such computer systems is the authentication of users who are accessing the host computer from a remote site. In such cases, the communication lines are open to intrusion where the information transferred can be captured or replayed by an intruder. Not only is the information transferred from one place to the other unprotected, but so are the machines themselves. Because, as in most cases, the identiication tokens such as passwords are transferred through communication lines in plain text and any intruder who captures this can use it later to get access to the computer. Thus, reliable authentication becomes a crucial factor for security of distributed systems.


This article offers a selective account of the author?s personal experience with the critical self-reflective inquiry. This article also described the selection of research participants, the researcher?s position, trustworthiness, the issue of informed consent, and how confidentiality was maintained throughout the present research study.


For many television engineers, it has long been a dream to develop an all solid-state TV PIF circuit which does not require adjustments on the assembly lines, by replacing a conventional LC filter with a SAW filter. There are several reasons why this dream has not yet been realized — the immature level of technology and insufficient cost effectiveness of SAW devices. But, the most dominant reason was that the TV manufacturers could find no advantages except in cost reduction and labor saving.


The paper describes the concept of intertextuality and intertextual relations, as well as the relationships of these concepts with each other. It examines the use of intertextual relations in the linguistic composition in modern Russian prose and gives examples from V. Degtev's, D. Dragunsky's and G. Sadulaev's works. The author emphasizes the idea of constructing a realistic modern literary text.


One of the key competences of the New Ukrainian School is communication in native and state languages, in particular, the ability to freely express one's own opinion, the ability to use language in the field of culture. Since the New Ukrainian School provides inclusive education for students with intellectual disabilities, teachers must have knowledge about the level of speech development of such students, its specifics. Junior schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities have a difficult transition to self-expression; own speech is insufficiently developed, fragmentary; the monologue often consists of logically unconnected parts; existing vocabulary poverty, undifferentiated understanding and use of familiar words; the construction of a coherent statement is disturbed. Underdevelopment of coherent speech affects the entire mental development of such children, the effectiveness of their learning, communication. The monologue speech of first-graders with mild intellectual disabilities was investigated, which showed their ability to perform tasks related to reliance on plot drawings or suggested words; assignments to compose one sentence than to compose stories based on a plot drawing or a series of plot drawings. Primary school teachers of inclusive schools assessed the monologue speech of their students and highlighted difficulties in their speech, not being sufficiently aware of the impact of correctional tasks in the children being taught on the development of coherent speech. Consequently, speech development of children with intellectual disabilities requires special interrelated correctional work of primary school teachers and speech therapists.


This study evaluated the effect, on productive performance and on egg quality, of replacing corn with broken rice in the feed of 64-148 day-old Japanese quails. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with five treatments consisting of five inclusion levels of broken rice (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) with eight replicates of eight birds each. No significant differences were observed in productive performance variables across treatments (P > 0.05, all). Regarding egg quality, no significant differences were observed in yolk percentage, specific gravity, or Haugh unit across treatments (P > 0.05 for all parameters). However, yolk color index was negatively affected by dietary rice husk levels (Y = 4.080 - 0.0293X, R² = 98.56%; P < 0.05). Thus, corn can be replaced with up to 100% broken rice in diets for laying Japanese quails without losses in productive performance or egg quality, but corn replacement with broken rice affects yolk color.


When condensation occurs in a supersonic flow field,the flow in affected by the latent heat released.In the present study,a condensing flow was produced by an expansion of moist air in nozzle with circular bump odels and shock waves occurred in the supersonic parts of the flow fields.The expereimental investigations were carried out to show the effects of initial conditions in the reservoir and nozzle geometries on the shock wave characteristics and the turbulences in the flow fields.Furthermore,in order to clarify the effect of condensation on the flow fields with shock waves,navier-Stokes equations were solved numerically using a 3rd-order MUSCL type TVD finite-difference scheme with a second order fractional step for time integraton,As a result,the effect of condensation on the aspect of flow field has been clarified.


Background: The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies characterized by multiple genomic abnormalities. New technologies are needed that bridge the complex molecular biology of MDS and available therapeutics. Methods: Therefore, we developed a predictive simulation software program to create MDS patient avatars based on disease-specific genomic profile. The avatar technology has three layers: the first layer is a proprietary mathematics solver engine architected to handle millions of differential equations representing biological cross-talk reactions needed for modeling MDS physiology; the middle layer is the comprehensive functional proteomics representation of disease physiology network; and the topmost layer is a semiconductor engineering-based automaton engine which allows high-throughput simulation of multi-million interventions through assembly code language. The MDS avatars were intended to map the complex interplay of dysregulated pathways and predict potential therapeutics. The human MDS-L cell line is one of few bona fide MDS cell lines and was analyzed by conventional G-banding karyotyping, FISH, array CGH and Sanger sequencing of MDS-relevant genes. Using this genomic information, a simulation patient avatar was created. Next, a library of over 80 FDA approved agents was simulated against the dysregulated pathways. A list of predicted drugs where then prospectively validated using in vitro culture of MDS-L cells. Results: The MDS-L cells harbored an activating NRAS mutation (c.35G>C, p.G12A) and complex chromosome abnormalities. The simulation MDS-L patient avatar predicted activation of the RAF-ERK pathway due to NRAS mutation and various copy number variations (CNVs) including high CN of IGFR, AURKA, PAR5 that predicted high AKT activation, high CN of mTOR, high CN of IL6 and JAK3 with predicted activation of STAT3 and STAT5, high CN of MDM4 with predicted lower levels of TP53, high CN of RCE1, MAPK1 and MAP2K1, and low CN of RASA1 and DUSP1 (Figure 1). Given the strong dominance of AKT and ERK loops in this profile (Figure 1), we simulated potential drugs individually and in combinations to predict impact on these pathways. Iterative simulations identified four FDA-approved drugs: (A) nelfinavir and celecoxib acting on AKT, (B) sorafenib and trametinib that inhibit RAF-ERK targets, and (C) statins that inhibit the RAS-RAF-ERK pathway through inhibition of prenylation. In vitro validation experiments showed statistically significant reductions in MDS-L cell viability when treating with nelfinavir alone, celecoxib alone, and enhanced additive reduction in viability with the combination of nelfinavir and celecoxib (Table 1). Conclusions: This study shows how a novel simulation method can be employed to use patient-specific MDS genomic profiling to map dysregulated pathways and predict potentially therapeutic agents. The MDS case presented led to the discovery of a novel combination of nelfinavir and celecoxib. Results from this study serve as the basis for MDS clinical trials that assign treatment based on genetic mutations. MDS-L cells were treated with vehicle control, nelfinavir alone (incremental dose increases), celecoxib alone (incremental dose increases), and combination nelfinavir and celecoxib. MDS-L cell viability was quantified and compared among treatment groups. Both nelfinavir alone and celecoxib alone reduce MDS-L cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of nelfinavir and celecoxib showed enhanced additive reduction of MDS-L cell viability, again in a dose-dependent manner. Disclosures Cogle: PHAR: Consultancy. Vali: CellWorks: Employment. Kumar: CellWorks: Employment. Singh: CellWorks: Employment. Tyagi: CellWorks: Employment. Abbasi: CellWorks: Employment, Equity Ownership.


We present results regarding the existence of j-convex preserving interpolation operators, as well as results concerning the determination of existence of such operators. We include an application in which we make use of a sufficient set of test-functions to characterize when every degree of convexity can be preserved among particular families of polynomial interpolation operators, which include the Bernstein operators.


In the letter of 19 January (p. 275) from Sheldon F. Gottlieb and Sidney Fox, the antepenultimate sentence should have read, "Their actions concerning the insert are not representative of the people of Alabama."


As one of the key financial intermediaries, banks play a significant role as providers of credits and liquidity to the Asean economies. Banks are able to execute this economic
role efficiently provided they are profitable. The issue is: What affects banks' net interest margins in this region? This paper investigates six factors affecting net interest margin (NIM) of conimercial banlts in Malaysia, Thailand, Japan, Korea, Australia and New Zealand over 1998 to 2002. Although the banks are operating in different economies: the investigation reveals that loan to deposit ratio significantly affects the banks' NIM in all six Asean countries. Operating expenses to total assets and leverage emerge as the next significant factors affecting NIM of banks in most of the Asean countries. The findings also show that adjusted R-squared for Australian, Thailand and New Zealand banks falls within 38-42 percent range while R-squared for Malaysia, Korea and Japan falls within 15-37 percent range. The implications of the results are discussed in the paper.


Time-cost tradeoff analysis is a very important issue in project management. The Kaufmann–Desbazeille algorithm is considered by numerous authors to be an exact algorithm to solve this problem. In the paper, we prove that this claim is not true. In particular, we perform a worst-case analysis. The accuracy of the KDA is the worst when: the network has many critical and subcritical paths with a lot of common arcs (i), shortening costs are constant (ii), the level of shortening costs for a given activity depends on its type.


The BING family of small-scale high-voltage nanosecond pulsed power generators, designed for the building of spark gap triggering systems for powerful pulsed electrophysical devices of different functional use, is described. BING generators synchronously form voltage pulses of any polarity with amplitudes of 9-70 kV and duration of 200-1000 ns. The original construction of the discharge circuit allowed voltage pulse rise-times of 6-8 ns at maximum load. Low jitter relative to triggering pulses (/spl plusmn/1 ns) allows a system with simultaneous triggering of several BING generators for performing guaranteed multichannel commutation. Design and generators operation data are presented.


PURPOSE: An image base UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) flight test system and a method for testing the flight of an UAV are provided to safely test UAV flight by performing UAV flight through a simulated flight. CONSTITUTION: A flight control computer(200) regenerates a flight control command and controls flight through a regenerated aviation steering command using a simulated flight information which is received from a flight simulating computer(300) and image processing data which is received from an image processor(600). Status information which is related to all the flight received by a flight control computer is transmitted to monitoring equipment(100) in real time.


Background  Steroid modified tinea has become the worst nightmare to the society which delays the access to the proper treatment and sometimes leaves  permanent mark on the user. This is because of the unawareness of the molecules in the medications used, both by the user and the prescriber. Objectivem  To elucidate the common social factors involved in the misuse of topical steroids in fungal infections. Methods  Over a period of 6 months, 187 patients were enrolled in the study with informed consent. Their demographic profile, socioeconomic status (SES), educational level, clinical picture, adverse events were noted in this study. Results  Equal sexual distribution was noted and 21-30 year age group is the commonest age in this study (37.5%). High school graders (49%) and undergraduate holders (26%) were using the irrelevant fixed dose combinations (FDCs) and also the class 3&4 (42.%&32%) of SES.  Irrelevant FDCs (86.6%) were misused more than plain steroids. Pseudo imbricata pattern (27%), classical annular (25%) and psoriasiform patterns (21%) were common. Tinea cruris (40%) and tinea corporis (33%) were the common findings. KOH was positive in 91%. Conclusion Limiting the production of the Irrelevant FDCs by stringent measures and including topical medication in medical undergraduate curriculum and health education to the community are all needed to combat this menace.


INTRODUCTION Articular cartilage (AC) is an inhomogeneous, anisotropic and multiphasic composite. Depth-dependent strain distribution in full thickness AC has previously been investigated with optical methods (Guilak, 1995; Schinagl, 1997; Wang, 2003). Depth and time-dependent compressive strain has been predicted with theoretical models (Li, 2000; Wang, 2001). Most recently, Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) has been employed to measure depth-dependent strain on AC cross-sections in response to incrementally applied strain (Erne, 2003). In this study, we used ESPI to measure depth and time-dependent strain over the cross-section of AC. We hypothesized, that the strain in the superficial zone of AC will increase during relaxation, while strain in the deep zones will decrease.


A flash x‐ray diffraction system has been constructed which permits x‐ray diffraction patterns to be recorded from shaped charge jets. The system was tested by recording an x‐ray diffraction pattern from an aluminum jet 80 μsec after charge detonation with a single pulse of 70 nsec duration. This result represents the first successful recording of an x‐ray diffraction pattern from a shaped charge jet and indicates that the system should be an important new device for determination of internal jet structure.


e17509 Background: The association between physician referrals and treatment receipt has been established in other disease settings. The impact of time to a medical oncologist or hematologist/oncologist (MOH) visit on survival has not been examined in patients (pts) with advanced prostate cancer (A-PC). The objective of this study is to determine whether the time to a MOH visit is associated with survival.

METHODS
The SEER-Medicare database was used for the analysis. Pts aged >65 diagnosed with A-PC between 1994 and 2002 and who visited a urologist post-diagnosis were included. Pts who saw a MOH before the urologist visit were excluded. For pts who saw a MOH, time to a MOH visit was identified using the diagnosis date and the urologist visit as starting points. Survival models were used to examine the effect of the time (in months) to MOH visit on survival, controlling for demographic, clinical, continuity-of-care, and ecological measures.

RESULTS
There were 6,498 pts in the sample (mean age 76 years, 82% White race). PC-specific mortality was 38%. Two-thirds (67%) of patients did not visit a MOH after visiting a urologist. Among those with a visit to a MOH, an additional month from diagnosis till the MOH visit was positively associated with PC mortality (HR: 1.03; p < 0.001) - i.e. a shorter time to a MOH visit was associated with PC survival. Similar results were obtained using the month of the urologist visit as the starting point (HR: 1.02; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Among A-PC patients who are referred to an oncologist, each additional month between diagnosis/urologist visit and the oncologist visit is associated with an increased relative risk of mortality. [Table: see text].


In this article,an algorithm for finding all paths from one vertex to the other is put forward,all the paths arrange from small to largeone according to the weight of path.The algorithm first uses path tree to find all paths.All paths are saved in proper position of pointer array.The Web service is designed for all paths.The result of Web service shows that the algorithm is feasible,correct and effective.


The combine harvester is considered as an important but complicated and costly machine. The appropriate size of combine has to be developed to use efficiently in Korea. But the combine is such a complicated machine that a complete design model to develop a new type is impossible without understanding the relationship between each factor. The combine capacity is generally limited by the cleaning shoe performance. So a design model for a cleaning shoe has to be developed first for the complete combine design. The objective of this research was to develop a cleaning model of head-feeding combine to predict grain separation from chaff and broken straw on a sieve. A developed physically based model can explain the situation which can happen during separation process. A test apparatus based on the field going machine was developed. The test materials were paddy rice and barley. The data obtained were analyzed by the hand and the video camera. The developed model was verified as an adequate model through the test with of 0.934 and 0.837. The model can be used to evaluate design and operation alternatives of combine and also applied to the automatic control of separation unit of combine with a loss monitering sensors.


Jean de Julienne's Oeuvre grave de Watteau of 1735 included three engravings of paintings then located in England. The plates were engraved by the French artist Bernard Baron, who had moved to London in 1712 and perhaps met Watteau there in 1720.' One of the paintings, Les deux cousines, belonged to Baron himself while the other two were, as noted on the engravings, from the 'Cabinet du Dr Mead, Medicin du Roy de la grande Bretagne a Londre'. Although one of these, L'amour paisible (Fig.3), is now lost, the other picture, Les comediens italiens (Fig.4), figures prominently in the collection of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, and has received considerable scholarly attention over the past century.


Delayed stenosis of targeted vessels is a reported complication of stent retriever-based mechanical thrombectomy.1 We report a case of delayed stenosis with MRI findings that may be related to the underlying stenotic mechanism.

A 46-year-old woman was brought to our hospital with sudden left hemiparesis and unilateral spatial neglect. MRI revealed occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and acute cerebral infarction (figure 1A,B). Emergent mechanical thrombectomy was performed with one stent retriever pass following two aspiration catheter passes, and a red thrombus was retrieved (figure 1C,D). We thought that an embolism had caused the vessel occlusion as no abnormalities were visualised at the occluded site on day 2 (figure 1E). Despite detailed examinations, we could not determine the embolic source during the patient's hospitalisation, so we administered low-dose aspirin. She was discharged on day 46.

Figure 1
(A,B) Initial brain MRI. (C) DSA before mechanical thrombectomy. (D) DSA after one pass with the stent …


Application of digital geological mapping technology(DGMT)has comprehensively been promoted in the national regional geological survey since 2004.PRB data obtained from DGMT were employed to build a shallow 3Dgeological model,and this has important significance.The key of building a 3Dgeological model is the construction of 3Dgeological interfaces.This paper focuses on the building process and the method for six kinds of major geological interfaces,such as fault plane,Quaternary system interface,formation interface,rock interface,residual lid interface and xenolith interface.The first step of building surfaces is to build a boundary surface of the model,which can be DEM surface,bottom boundary and four peripheral interfaces,then build the fault plane,and finally build other geological interfaces strictly based on the age order of geological units.Doing so should follow the principle "field line data as the main data and subsurface geological data as the constraint data".The geological interface built with this method is not only perfectly consistent with the subsurface geological data and the field geological mapping,but has a high precision and a better pattern.But the depth presumed can be limited by surface attitudes.Although this method is only used to build shallow 3D geological model,the model can be used as reference and constraint on deep 3D geological model.Modeling units can not only be the same as geological mapping units,but can be combination of several mapping units.The model can reach a high precision,which depends on the accuracy and quantity of the field mapping data,especially on points of the survey lines and precision and number of effective attitudes.In order to ensure the precision of the model,effective attitudes of point boundary(B)in each survey line should be measured and more data of attitudes should be obtained at the locations where the attitudes change largely during the process of field lines mapping.


Aim This study was designed to investigate the effects of pravastatin,a potent 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor,on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation and leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC).Methods Cultured VSMCs from rabbit thoracic aorta were incubated with various concentrations of LPC in the absence or presence of different concentrations of pravastatin. MTT was used to evaluate the proliferation of VSMCs. We determined the effects of LPC and pravastatin on neutrophil K562 adhesion to endothelial cells ECV304 by directly counting non-adhesive K562 cells.Results Incubation of VSMCs with LPC (1~10 μmol·L -1) stimulated proliferation of VSMCs in a time- and dose-dependent manner,while pravastatin (0.3~1 mmol·L -1) treatment prevented the proliferation of VSMCs caused by LPC. Moreover, incubation of ECV304 with 3 μmol · L -1 LPC for 12 h significantly enhanced K562 cells adhesion to endothelial cells, whereas pretreatment with pravastatin reduced leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. Conclusion These results suggest that pravastatin can antagonize the effects of VSMCs proliferation and leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion induced by LPC.


Purpose. To assess the use of new pocket parks in low-income neighborhoods. Design. The design of the study was a quasi-experimental post-test only comparison. Setting. Los Angeles, California, was the setting for the study. Subjects. Subjects were park users and residents living within .5 mile of three pocket parks and 15 neighborhood parks. Intervention. The creation of pocket parks. Measures. We used the System of Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) tool to measure park use and park-based physical activity, and then surveyed park users and residents about their park use. Analysis. We surveyed 392 and 432 household members rvithin .5 mile of the three pocket parks before and afler park con.üruction, respectively, as well as 71 pocket park users, and compared them to 992 neighborhood park users and 342 residents living within .5 mile of other neighborhood parks. We compared pocket park use to playground area use in the larger neighborhood parks. We used descriptive statistics and generalized estimating equations for the


The dynamics of transportation, accumulation, disappearance and distribution of 95Zr in the wheat-soil system is studied by using isotope-tracer techniques for simulated pollutants, and the mathematical model of the behavior law is built. It was shown that (1) 95Zr was transported rapidly in the system after it was put into the surface layer of soil. The uptake of 95Zr by wheat was mainly via root, and redistribution in all parts of wheat occurred consequently. The concentration in root was much higher than that of hers parts of wheat plant. The specific activity of 95Zr in wheat plant rapidly increased to a maximum value, then decreased. The specific activity of 95Zr in each part of wheat plant was found to be arranged in order of root straw husk seed. (2) 95Zr is mainly detained in 6cm of soil surface, and specific activity of 95Zr in soil present an individual exponential declining with depth of soil.(3)The dynamic law can be described as multinomial exponential function of concentration in the wheat-soil system.(4)The wheat plant has some ability to accumulate 95Zr in soil.


The positive and negative aspects of the Australian federal government's Strategic Indigenous Housing Infrastructure Program (SIHIP) are discussed. The haste with which the program was launched has made evaluation of the same quite a difficult process.


Objective To explore the effects of intestinal trefoil factor( ITF) on gastric mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods The cultured GES-1 cells were treated with ITF in the concentration of 100 ng / m L and500 ng / m L in vitro,and then were observed using microscope for the morphological analysis. The Cell Counting Kit-8( CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferation activity of GES-1. The cultured GES-1 cells were treated with 100 ng / m L ITF and the specific inhibitor of PI3 K / Akt signaling pathway LY294002( 15 μmol / L) in vitro,and then were observed using microscope for the morphological analysis.The proliferation activity of treated GES-1cells was detected using CCK-8 and the expressions of p-Akt and Akt of PI3 K / Akt signaling pathway were determined by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group,the proliferation activity of GES-1 cells increased after being treated with ITF and the higher concentration of ITF induced the higher proliferation activity. LY294002 inhibited the increased proliferation activity of GES-1 induced by ITF. The data of Western blot indicated that ITF induced the expression of p-Akt and activated the PI3 K / Akt signaling pathway to modulate the proliferation activity of GES-1 cells. However,LY294002 inhibited the PI3 K /Akt signaling pathway and then decreased the proliferation activity of GES-1 cells. Conclusion ITF could promote the proliferation activity of GES-1 cells by activating PI3 K / Akt signaling pathway.


We investigate the discrimination of two candidates of an unknown parameter in quantum systems with continuous weak measurement, inspired by the application of hypothesis testing in distinguish-ing two Hamiltonians [Kiilerich and M{\o}lmer, Phys. Rev. A, 98, 022103 (2018)]. Based on the measurement output and stochastic master equation, temporal evolutions of posterior probabilities of two hypotheses are given by Bayes' formula. The Bayes criterion is presented by the likelihood ratio conditioned on the outcome of measurements. Different from the calculation method based on maximum a posteriori criterion, the Bayes criterion based method for calculating the average prob-ability of making errors is more suitable and efficient in general situation of binary discrimination. Finally, an example of distinguishing two candidate Hamiltonians is given and the running times of calculating the average probability of error under the Bayes criterion and the maximum a posteriori criterion are compared to illustrate the feasibility of the hypothesis testing in quickly distinguishing two candidates of the parameter to be estimated.


Existing adaptive learning systems use various user characteristics for preparing personalized presentation of educational material for each user (a student). In the process of learning limited capacity of the human memory plays important role. The student often forgets part of knowledge acquired during the learning. In this paper we discuss implications of remembering and forgetting for the adaptive learning systems. We present a proposal of modeling forgetting process in adaptive learning systems that enables including knowledge repetition into an educational course. We implemented proposed model within the web-based adaptive system AHA! and demonstrate its viability on domain of learning English-Slovak vocabulary. This includes also a technique for inserting concepts for knowledge repeating into a running direct guided course. Using this technique it is possible to dynamically adapt the sequence of presented concepts to the actual state of the user model.


Vitiligo and keloid are common disorders, but their concurrent development at the same locations has not been described previously. In this report, we present a case of vitiligo and keloid developing simultaneously at the same skin sites, which had been incised with a sharp razor blade in the past to manage urticaria, according to a traditional belief in South-East Anatolia. Our observations suggest that prolonged inflammatory events occurring during keloid development might have contributed to vitiligo pathogenesis in addition to the Koebner phenomenon in our patient, in whom unnecessary incisions made in suboptimal circumstances resulted in keloid formation.


The orbit determination for flyround satellite based on extended Kalman filtering(EKF) relative navigation algorithm and GPS pseudo-range observations positioning was studied in this paper.The target satellite information was obtained by the geometry and relative dynamics,and the positioning model of pseudo-range observations for the flyround satellite was established.The simulation results showed that this method would be used in the fits real-time orientation and navigation with high positioning accuracy.


A study of the leeside ow characteristics of the Shuttle Orbiter is presented for a reentry ight condition. The ow is computed using a point-implicit, nite-volume scheme known as the Langley Aerother-modynamic Upwind Relaxation Algorithm (LAURA). LAURA is a second-order accurate, laminar Navier-Stokes solver, incorporating nite-rate chemistry with a radiative equilibrium wall temperature distribution and nite-rate wall catalysis. The resulting computational solution is analyzed in terms of salient ow features and the surface quantities are compared with ight data. Symbols B Semi-span of the wing, m C Local chord of the wing, m h Altitude, km L Reference length, m M 1 Mach number P 1 Freestream pressure, Pa q Heat ux, W/cm 2 q 0 Reference heat ux, W/cm 2 Q Freestream dynamic pressure, Pa T Temperature, K T 0 Reference temperature, K V 1 Freestream velocity, m/s X Distance along the longitudinal axis, m Y Distance along the pitch axis, m Angle of attack, deg Yaw angle, deg Emissivity ? N Atomic nitrogen recombination coeecient ? O Atomic oxygen recombination coeecient 1 Freestream density, kg/m 3 Stefan-Boltzmann constant, W/cm 2 K 4 Meridional angle, deg


More than most other diseases, including cancer, AIDS intensifies the isolation of dying. At best dylng is a singularly lonely experience with the human spirit starkly confronting the unknown, but the political and social ramifications attending AIDS frequently enhance the patient's isolation, thwart the grieving process and inhibit the development of meaningful support mechanisms. Considerable money and technological expertise have been marshaled to unravel the mysteries of AIDS itself and to treat its physical manifestations. Yet the psychological and spiritual needs of AIDS patients have largely been ignored. Addressing these needs necessitates that health care professionals gain a firm understanding of the dynamics of the dying process, consider the cultural milieu in which dying takes place, and take into account the particular difficulties confronting AIDS patients.


For metallized film capacitors (MFCs), the pulsed current would lead to the electrode fracture, the process might be accelerated under the repetitive pulsed current, and finally leading to the failure of MFCs. In order to study the mechanism of electrode fracture and its influencing factors, an experiment platform based on metallized film is established to observe electrode fracture by using a microscope. The experimental results show that for electrode fracture of metallized film, the threshold current density (TCD) is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.20 \times 10^{10}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A/m2 when the period is 310 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the reverse factor is 10%. Theoretical results are also derived based on the analysis of electromagnetic force and Joule heat. The results indicate that, the fracture development is caused by the melting process of the electrode, together with the liquid metal flow driving by the electromagnetic force under the effect of multiple current pulses. Neither the electromagnetic force individually nor the direct vaporization would cause the fracture to develop. With respect to current distortion and heat conversion efficiency, the calculated peak current density is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$j_{\mathrm {max}} = 2.17 \times 10^{10}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A/m2, which agrees with the TCD in the experiment. Thinner electrode has a larger TCD, when <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d_{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> decreases from 20 to 4 nm; TCD increases from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.07 \times 10^{10}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.25 \times 10^{10}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A/m2.


During the fifth International Summer School held on Vulcano (Eolian Islands, Italy) in June 2019 we used the opportunity to investigate volcanic deposits with three different spectral instruments, i.e. a portable visible and near infrared spectroradiometer, a portable LIBS (laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy) and a portable Raman system and thus combining mineralogical, elemental and molecular information. The island of Vulcano presents an extremely large variety of products, for what concerns volcanological record (from lava flow to phreatomagmatic ash deposits) and geochemical features (from basalts to shoshonite to alkaline rhyolites) [1]. This, together with ongoing activity (subaerial and submarine fumaroles), provides extreme alteration conditions.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide method and system for obtaining a common communication interface performing communication between a plurality of programs via a communication network. SOLUTION: This system includes an adapter object for connecting with a communication network in response to be first program of a plurality of programs and a resource object for storing at least one identifier which is coupled with this object and is related to the first program in a computer memory. This adapter object generates a view object in response to the agent object related to the second program of a plurality of programs and this view object receives communication via the communication network. The system is further coupled wit the agent object and the view object and includes the data object storing data to be transmitted between the plural programs.


The question of the jurisdiction of the Holy Office of the Inquisition over the native populations in New Spain and the rest of the empire has been one of controversy and confusion since the earliest days of the conquest. The perplexing problem of enforcing orthodoxy among the recently converted Indians was linked with the debate over whether or not the Indian was a rational human being who had the capacity to comprehend the Roman Catholic faith and enjoy the full sacramental system of the Church. As in the case of the rationality controversy, the position of the Indian vis-à-vis the Holy Office of the Inquisition was not resolved articulately, and after the first decades of the spiritual conquest the question took on added importance as the Mexican clergy discovered recurrent idolatry and religious syncretism among their flocks.


Based on bacterial chemotaxis(BC) algorithm and genetic algorithm(GA),a genetic bacterial colony chemotaxis algorithm was proposed to determine voltage collapse point.The proposed algorithm searches for optimum by bacterial colony instead of individual bacterial and guides mutation direction instead of stochastic direction.The convergence speed and the global search ability are improved due to information exchange among individuals in the group.Using the new method to find the maximum loading point is easy to deal with various constraints without the need to form any kind of matrices or getting the inverse of these.The numerical analysis and comparison with the results obtained by continuous power flow verify the accuracy of this algorithm.


Today, every organisation finds it a great challenge to fulfil the needs of its customers. In order to gratify their requirements of its clients. It is imperative for the organisations to integrate product design and development. In this process, scheduling plays a vital role. Scheduling problems can be solved using traditional methods in general and also involves huge computational difficulty and time consuming. From the literature review, it is inferred that by using traditional methods involves a huge difficulty in solving high complex problems and metaheuristic algorithms were proved to be most efficient algorithms to solve various job shop scheduling problems. The objective of this paper is to apply a recently developed metaheuristic algorithm also known as fire-fly algorithm to find optimal makespan and mean flow time of different size problems using to Bagchi job shop scheduling problems called JSP1 and JSP2 and also to prove that a proposed algorithm serves a good problem solving technique for JSSP with multi criteria.


Nowadays, the construction of discourse system with Chinese characteristics is an important part of the comprehensive promotion of Chinese Characteristic Major-country Diplomacy. It is also an important way to shape a true, three-dimensional and comprehensive image of China and to coordinate the domestic and international situations. As our country pays more and more attention to building a national discourse system, discourse system with Chinese characteristics has gradually become a topic of eager attention by the majority of scholars. Using the content analysis method, this article analyzes the number, quality, hot spots, discipline distribution, author distribution and fund distribution of articles on discourse system with Chinese characteristics published in Peking University core journals and CSSCI journals of CNKI from 2011 to 2021, in order to reflect the research status and development trend of discourse system with Chinese characteristics in recent ten years, and to provide a reference for the study of discourse system with Chinese characteristics in the future. The results show that: (1) The research on discourse system with Chinese characteristics is highly valued by our country and scholars from all walks of life, and the research prospect is considerable. (2) The current research hotspots are mainly concentrated on the discourse system, socialism with Chinese characteristics, philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics, and academic discourse systems, etc. (3) The discipline distribution of the research on discourse system with Chinese characteristics is mainly concentrated in multi-disciplinary fields such as Chinese politics and international politics, social science theories and methods, higher education, news and media, showing the potential of extensive integration of discourse system with Chinese characteristics research with other disciplines. (4) The country attaches great importance to the research on discourse system with Chinese characteristics, but the local support is insufficient. (5) The amount of research on discourse system with Chinese characteristics is considerable, but the quality is not good enough. The depth and breadth of the research on discourse system with Chinese characteristics need to be further expanded.


Plasmacytoma of the bronchus is a very rare plasma cell neoplasm affecting the bronchus. Here we report a case of plasmacytoma of the bronchus treated by radical radiotherapy in July 2002. The tumor responded very well to treatment and showed a slow but sustained regression in the size over two years. Presently, he has completed four and a half years of follow-up and is free of disease.


Changing attitudes toward marriage consensual unions and family formation in the Federal Republic of Germany are analyzed using data from surveys carried out in 1978 and 1983 among German women aged 18-28. Each survey included 1000 women in first marriages and 1000 single women. The findings which reveal clear differences between the two birth cohorts indicate increasing acceptance of consensual unions and a decreasing tendency to marry; however they also indicate a trend toward a more pro-natalist orientation. A comparison with data from a longitudinal study "suggests that the differences between the women interviewed in 1978 and those interviewed in 1983 are less cohort-specific but rather due to external factors of the social context which gained significance between the spring of 1982 and the autumn of 1983." (summary in ENG FRE) (EXCERPT)


Even though the mechanism of the antifertile effect of IUDs is not yet completely understood, IUDs create no more complications that other contraceptive methods. The slight increase in secretions from the cervix caused by contact of endometrial tissue with the device and a cell infiltration of the endometrium in this area does not affect the contraceptive effect of the device. No real pathological changes were found. On the contrary, in 5 cases use of the device regularized the cycles of women who had had repeated abortions and very irregular cycles. Expulsion of the device varied according to its size and was corrected by using a larger device.


This work presents the results of experiments on computer modeling of behaviour of clusters consisting of nematic liquid crystals on the basis of the arylpropargyl ethers of phenols (APEP) with the help of GROMACS programme and of them IR absorption spectrum. It shows the influence of fluorine atom on properties which happen as a result of temperature annealing to the processes of disordering. The given experiments demonstrate the necessity of a correct choice of interaction between molecules. The influence of location of molecules at the initial state to the behaviour dynamics was found.


The aim of the paper was to recognize the influence of mechanical factors on the movement of the leaflets. Mechanical stimuli may have a positive effect on remodeling the leaflet material to adapt its structure to a changing load. A model of the valve functioning process was developed. A geometric model similar to the construction of a natural valve was adopted. The hybrid process of the liquid-solid interaction problem was described. The interaction process was modeled. The problem was formulated with the Galerkin FEM method. Numerical analyses of a single valve work cycle and the calcification process of aortic valve bioprostheses were performed.


Based on the analysis of Pascal's law and the hydraulic paradox applied to vertical cylindrical, conical and spherical tanks, as well as using the hypothesis of flat sections according to the membrane theory of thin-walled shells, the author makes the following proposal: the pressure on the shell wall, according to the hypothesis of flat sections, is not produced by the entire mass of the liquid, limited by its height and area, but only by an annular shell balanced by the internal volume of the liquid. On this basis, in the formula for calculating the strength of the tank walls, correcting coefficients are supposed to be introduced. In case of these assumptions being confirmed through testing, an economic effect is expected in the most metal-intensive industry, namely, in tank construction and capacitive equipment.


The use of existing Fermilab facilities to provide beams for two muon experiments--the Muon to Electron Conversion Experiment (Mu2e) and the New g-2 Experiment--is under consideration. Plans are being pursued to perform these experiments following the completion of the Tevatron Collider Run II, utilizing the beam lines and storage rings used today for antiproton accumulation without considerable reconfiguration.


Objective To probe the advantages and characteristics of imaging on dual-energy CT boneless and digital sub- traction brain angiography through comparative analysis. Methods Siemens 64-slice dual-source spiral CT and double high pressure syringe; The 200 patients were randomly divided into dual-energy group(n=100) and DSACT group(n=100); Every patient was injected 50 ml contrast medium and 50ml normal saline, injection rate was 4ml/s. Results The groups of cere- bra-vascular imaging without interference, and completely boneless; but experimental group has more boneless defects and vascular surface definition less. The cerebral arteries were interfered by the venous shadow in dual-energy group, and the dual-energy group received low-dose radiation. Conclusion The DSACT imaging quality is superior to dual-energy CT boneless imaging. The radiation dose of the dual -energy CT is lower than DSACT.


Objective: To develop a method for the determination of phenylglyoxylic acid and mandelic acid enanti-omers in ferments by capillary electrophoresis. Methods; The buffer solution used in this method was 100 mmol · L -1. Tris - phosphate ( containing 150 g · L -1 hydroxypropyl - β - cyclodextrin, pH 7.6). The running voltage was 20 kV. The column temperature was 20 ℃ and the detection wavelength;214 nm. Results;The resolution degree ( Rs) of R - and S - mandelic acid (0. 75 mmol · L -1 ) was 1. 29. A linear calibration was obtained in the range of 0. 065 -1.0 mmol · L -1 of R- and S - mandelic acid( r = 0. 998 ) and the average recovery was 99. 2%. The minimum detectable concentration of R, S - mandelic acid was 0. 01 mmol · L -1 ( S/N = 3 ). The relative standard deviation (RSD) value for peak areas of R -and S -mandelic acid were 2. 7% and 2. 4% Respectively. Conclusion: The quantitation of chiral mandelic acid samples in the ferments from biosynthesis by Sacharomyces Cerevisiae was tried, and as shown by the results, the method is precise, simple and cost - effective.


Nanotechnology plays an increasingly important role in the life of the Russian society, however, people's attitude towards nanotechnology is not certain what makes the importance of nanotechnology development controversial.


Learning to read in any language requires learning to map among print, sound and meaning. Writing systems differ in a number of factors that influence both the ease and the rate with which reading skill can be acquired, as well as the eventual division of labor between phonological and semantic processes. Further, developmental reading disability manifests differently across writing systems, and may be related to different deficits in constitutive processes. Here we simulate some aspects of reading acquisition in Chinese and English using the same model for both writing systems. The contribution of semantic and phonological processing to literacy acquisition in the two languages is simulated, including specific effects of phonological and semantic deficits. Further, we demonstrate that similar patterns of performance are observed when the same model is trained on both Chinese and English as an "early bilingual". The results are consistent with the view that reading skill is acquired by the application of statistical learning rules to mappings among print, sound and meaning, and that differences in the typical and disordered acquisition of reading skill between writing systems are driven by differences in the statistical patterns of the writing systems themselves, rather than differences in cognitive architecture of the learner.


In this paper, we consider a variant of dominating set problem, i.e., the total dominating set problem. Given an undirected graph G=(V,E), a subset of vertices T⊆V is called a total dominating set if every vertex in V is adjacent to at least one vertex in T. Based on LP relaxation techniques, this paper gives a distributed approximation algorithm for the total dominating set problem in general graphs. The presented algorithm obtains a fractional total dominating set that is, at most, k(1+Δ1k)Δ1k times the size of the optimal solution to this problem, where k is a positive integer and Δ is the maximum degree of G. The running time of this algorithm is constant communication rounds under the assumption of a synchronous communication model.


Contents: Section I Rethinking the Baroque: Introduction: Introduction: rethinking the Baroque, Helen Hills The Baroque: the grit in the oyster of art history, Helen Hills. Section II Baroque as Style: On sculptural relief: malerisch, the autonomy of artistic media and the beginnings of Baroque studies, Alina Payne Ottoman Baroque: the limits of style, Howard Caygill. Section III Rethinking Baroque Art History: Discomfited by the Baroque: a personal journey, Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann Reframing the Baroque: on idolatry and the threshold of humanity, Claire Farago. Section IV Baroque Traditions: Nicholas Hawksmoor's drawing technique of the 1690s and John Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Anthony Geraghty The real in the Rococo, Glenn Adamson. Section V Benjamin's Baroque: Benjamin and the Baroque: posing the question of historical time, Andrew Benjamin. Section VI Baroque Folds: Baroque matters, Mieke Bal The Baroque fold as map and as diagram, Tom Conley Bibliography Index.


Herugolf and Makaro are Nikoli's pencil puzzles. We study the computational complexity of Herugolf and Makaro puzzles. It is shown that deciding whether a given instance of each puzzle has a solution is NP-complete.


The invention relates to compounds having general formula (I), wherein - A denotes: a group with formula N- R1 in which R1 denotesa hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a phenylalkyl group, an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group; or a group with formula N+ (O-) R1 in which R1 is as defined above; or a group with formula N+ (R) R1 in which Rdenotes an alkyl group and R1 is as defined above. X denotes a hydrogen atom or one or more substituents selected from the halogen atoms and the trifluoromethyl, alkyl and alcoxy groups. - R2 denotes a hydrogen atom, one or more substituents selected from the halogen atoms and the trifluoromethyl, alkyl, alkoxy, amino groups with formula NR 3R4 in which R3 and R4 each denote a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or, together with the nitrogen atom bearing same, form a pyrrolidine, piperidine or morpholine ring, or an optionally substituted phenyl group. The invention is suitable for use in therapeutics.


From the view of the environmental psychology, a uthor conducts an analysis of Duolun pedestrian precinct. Based upon investigati on, this paper aims to spread a further study on physical environment, social fa ctor, individual factor, and its effect on human behavior.


Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a major public health problem in northeastern Thailand. On 17 Apr 2018, the Office of Disease Prevention and Control 9 received a notification of five patients with S. suis infection in Chum Phuang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. We investigated to confirm the etiology, describe the epidemiological characteristics, and identify the source of this outbreak. Medical records and laboratory results at the district and provincial Hospitals were reviewed. We interviewed family members and people who shared meals with cases. We surveyed slaughter processes at two implicated slaughterhouses. Surveillance for S. suis cases was also enhanced. Six confirmed cases of S. suis serotype 2 infection were found in six sub-districts of Chum Phuang District between 1 Jan and20 Apr 2018. Clinical presentations of confirmed cases were fever (100%), headache (50%) and hearing loss (50%). Five of the six cases ate raw pork with an average incubation period of 2.3 days. Those who ate raw pork were more likely to get infected (RR = 13.5, 95% CI = 1.7-105.1). One from 27 specimens identified S. suisserotype7 from a slaughterhouse in Chum Phuang District. The outbreak continued with an additional 14 confirmed cases in province during the monitoring period from 20 Apr to 25 Jul 2018. Increasing health awareness of the public and physicians beyond ensuring proper management in slaughterhouses should be strengthened.


Although temozolomide has shown clinical activity against neuroblastoma, this activity is likely limited by the DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). We hypothesized that IFN-β could sensitize neuroblastoma cells to the cytotoxic effects of temozolomide through its ability to down-regulate MGMT expression. In vitro proliferation of three neuroblastoma cell lines treated with IFN-β and temozolomide alone or in combination was examined. Antitumor activity was assessed in both localized and disseminated neuroblastoma xenografts using single-agent and combination therapy, with continuous delivery of IFN-β being established by a liver-targeted adeno-associated virus-mediated approach. Two neuroblastoma cell lines (NB-1691 and SK-N-AS) were found to have high baseline levels of MGMT expression, whereas a third cell line (CHLA-255) had low levels. Temozolomide had little effect on in vitro proliferation of the neuroblastoma cell lines with high MGMT expression, but pretreatment with IFN-β significantly decreased MGMT expression and cell counts (NB-1691: 36 ± 3% of control, P = 0.0008; SK-N-AS: 54 ± 7% control, P = 0.003). In vivo, NB-1691 tumors in CB17-SCID mice treated with the combination of IFN-β and temozolomide had lower MGMT expression and a significantly reduced tumor burden, both localized [percent initial tumor volume: 2,516 ± 680% (control) versus 1,272 ± 330% (temozolomide), P = 0.01; 1,348 ± 220%, P = 0.03 (IFN-β); 352 ± 110%, P = 0.0001 (combo)] and disseminated [bioluminescent signal: control (1.32e10 ± 6.5e9) versus IFN-β (2.78e8 ± 3.09e8), P = 0.025, versus temozolomide (2.06e9 ± 1.55e9), P = 0.1, versus combination (2.13e7 ± 7.67e6), P = 0.009]. IFN-β appears to sensitize neuroblastoma cells to the cytotoxic effects of temozolomide through attenuation of MGMT expression. Thus, IFN-β and temozolomide may be a useful combination for treating children with this difficult disease. [Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(12):3852–8]


An H-system is a conceptual or semiotic model of reality formed in the mind of the subject. Understanding the behavior of the system means being able to infer causal relationships that explain this system to the Observer-subject, and therefore having access to mechanisms to construct a mental or ontological mathematical model of the system under study. A process is a mechanism involving a series of successive operations between stimuli and responses. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2016


ABSTRACT The identification and evaluation of the quality of water reserves will be needed after the landing of man on the Mars' surface. To solve this problem, we propose two decision-making systems that result from searching for and estimating the ice thickness or the aquifer depth on Mars. These decision-making systems are based on the use of both multi-channel microwave radiometry, spectral optical tools and the corresponding software. Decision-making systems allow the specification and spatial identification of potential water resources and the evaluation of the depth of the ice-water layer. Algorithms for the functional classification of water samples are proposed and the method for diagnosing water quality is described. The technique is based on the recognition of optical spectral images using a database of spectral patterns. The scheme for passive microwave measurements of ice thickness or groundwater is presented. More efficient radiometers are recommended as components of the microwave decision-making system. The 35-channel spectrophotometer and the 128-channel spectroellipsometer are presented as optical tools for the synthesis of spectral images of ice and water samples. An algorithm of optical inverse task solution is given.


Cement-retained implant restorations still represents a widely used prosthetic solution today, considering the simple execution, the possibility of correcting the implant axis according to the dental axis and an extremely satisfactory aesthetic. The objective of the study is to evaluate whether resin-based cements are actually more aggressive towards the peri-implant tissue compared to zinc oxide cements. In the present study 18 patients (8 males and 10 females) were examined with a split-mouth design. The follow-up period for patients after delivery of the cement-retained single crown is a maximum of 48 months. A total of 36 implants were inserted and monitored during this period. Clinical and radiographic tests were carried out on all 36 implants, with constant re-evaluation, as well as the occurrence of some prosthetic or biological problems that brought the patient back to visit. The results for both cements were in line with the indications of the respective manufacturers. During the observational period, no implant failed, with a survival rate of 100% on these 36 implants. In conclusion, it is possible to establish that the number of decementations of the cement-retained crowns cemented with Temp Bond non-eugenol was higher, but not statistically significant. In contrast, the biological complications per implant and the MBL were significantly higher in the cement-retained crowns cemented with Implacem.


. Let X, Y be real, infinite dimensional, Banach spaces. Let L ( X, Y ) be the space of bounded operators . An important aspect of understanding differentiability of the operator norm at A ∈ L ( X, Y ) is to estimate the limit lim t → 0 + k A + tB k−k A k t , for B ∈ L ( X, Y ) (which always exists) using the values of B on the state space S A = { τ ∈ L ( X,Y ) ∗ : τ ( A ) = k A k , k τ k = 1 } . In this paper we give several examples of Banach spaces, including the ℓ p spaces (for 1 < p < ∞ ) where this can be either explicitly evaluated or an easier estimate is possible. We use the notion of norm-weak upper-semi-continuity (usc, for short) of the preduality map to achieve this. Our results also show that the operator subdifferential limit is related to the corresponding subdifferential limit of the vectors in the range space, when A ∗∗ attains its norm.


Decoupled architectures achieve high scalar performance by cleanly splitting instruction processing into memory access and execution tasks. Several decoupled architectures have been proposed, and they all have two characteristics in common: 1) they have two separate sets of instructions, one for accessing memory and one for performing function execution. 2) The memory accessing task and the execution task communicate via architectural queues.


Post colonialism is one of the most important theories in the literary field. It has taken the literary studies by storm. The term postcolonial literature refers to the literary works, produced by the subjects of the ex-colonies, during or after their independence. Homi K Bhabha is one of the most prominent critics of the postcolonial literary theory. Bhabha introduced some of its most famous concepts, like: hybridity, mimicry, and the notion of a "third space". These concepts were widely discussed in his critical works. Using the analytic comparative approach, this paper tries to investigate the employment of the concept of mimicry in the novel, The Inheritance of Loss by the Indian-born author Kiran Desai. This is in addition to examining the same concept in the novel, Under Copenhagen Sky by the Iraqi writer Howraa El-Nadawy. Actually, both authors introduce characters that suffer from sense of loss and alienation. However, while some characters resort to mimicry as a defense strategy to survive in a different environment, others, on the other hand, refuse mimicry and are resilient towards losing their native identity.


The goal of the project was to investigate the needs of early school children and their parents to identify ingredients for a mobile service offer. The results showed a difference regarding such needs between children age 7-8 and age 9-10, and between girls and boys. We identified three categories of needs: safety, entertainment and communication. Based on the findings we proposed a number of implications for the design of mobile service offers for early school children.


The new cylindrical magnetron with a dynamic oscillatory magnetic field, as developed at the Institute of Precision Mechanics, is of innovative design, which is not currently being used on the domestic market. In the course of an analysis of publication databases on the Internet, and contacts with research-production centres associated with the domain of the presented innovation, it was revealed that there are only two research centres (in the US and the UK) which deal with this type of design and magnetron. The proposed design of a magnetron-type plasma source and the method of coating vacuum deposition by magnetron is applied to large closed and open spaces, e.g. in pipes of heat exchanges, inner surfaces of combustion engine cylinders, gun barrels, application of coatings on plastic and fabric foil products. Until now, inner surfaces of metal pipes operated under corrosion and impact loads have been modified by coatings, e.g. Cr +6coatings obtained by Cr galvanisation which poses a great environmental burden. A crucial utility and innovative factor of the presented magnetron is the development of functional coating application on long pipe inner surfaces, which are from 45 mm to 200 mm in diameter and from 100 to 1500 mm in length. The application of a magnetron and plasma environment for the synthesis of coating materials results in obtaining advanced metallic coating materials, nitric/carbide/oxide metals included in the groups IVB to VIIB of the periodic table (e.g. CrN, NbN, ZrN and ReN, etc.). Therefore, it has become possible to conduct research on new aerological material systems featuring better functional properties.


The frequency of the <tex>$ECG$</tex> fibrillatory f-waves <tex>$(F_{\mathrm{f}})$</tex> in atrial fibrillation <tex>$(AF)$</tex> shows significant variations over time. Cardiorespiratory interactions through the autonomic nervous system have been suggested to play a role in such variations. Here, we tested whether the spatial distribution associated with the release of the parasympathetic neurotransmitter acetylcholine <tex>$(ACh)$</tex> could affect the frequency of atrial reentrant circuits. Computational simulations in a human persistent-AF <tex>$3D$</tex> atrial model were performed. We evaluated two different patterns of atrial innervation: <tex>$ACh$</tex> release restricted to the area of the ganglionated plexi <tex>$(GP)$</tex> and the nerves departing from them, following the so-called octopus hypothesis, and <tex>$ACh$</tex> release distributed uniformly randomly throughout the atria. In both cases, <tex>$ACh$</tex> release sites occupied 8% of the atria. The temporal pattern of <tex>$ACh$</tex> release was simulated following a sinusoidal waveform of frequency 0.125 <tex>$Hz$</tex> (respiratory frequency). Different mean levels and peak-to-peak variation ranges of <tex>$ACh$</tex> were tested. We found that variations in the dominant frequency <tex>$F_{\mathrm{f}}$</tex> followed the simulated temporal <tex>$ACh$</tex> pattern in all cases, with <tex>$F_{\mathrm{f}}$</tex> modulation being more pronounced for increasingly <tex>$larger\ ACh$</tex> variation ranges. For the tested percentage of <tex>$ACh$</tex> release sites (8%), the spatial distribution of <tex>$ACh$</tex> did not have an impact on <tex>$F_{\mathrm{f}}$</tex> modulation.


This paper reviews the current state of the writing of the history of Roman archaeology in Britain. It brings to Romanists' attention some recent theoretical approaches, attempts to identify the obstacles to future progress and explores one way of overcoming them. 1


Proposal: To contribute – off indicators that deal with energy, soil use, water, recycling materials, security, and work conditions, among others – with a theoretical model for sustainable management that permits visualize, decision support and control of the whole enterprise project process. To get back sustainability, not as a strange, but from inside, as an essential component. And, due to this, to propitiate for the actors – engineers, technicians, architects, investors, etc - adequate resources and tools in order to obtain an enterprise sustainable guidelines. Methods: Speculative processes with theoretical and experimental characters in order to make the construct "management architecture, urban planning and engineering for both value" as a criterion for sustainability Resulted: It aims to reach a theoretical model that deals with all values – engineering, architecture and urbanism, and sustainability – as a whole. Originality/value: Development of a cognitive model that contemplates in a holistic manner the actors and constitutive elements of the enterprise process. and the constituent elements of the project.


A new boundary tracking method based on the rule of region growth is presented. It processes the pixels around boundary instead of all pixels of the whole target, so it can save much time and memory with the same result by the region growth method.


Author(s): Rabbani, Tarek | Advisor(s): El-Ghaoui, Laurent; Bayen, Alexandre | Abstract: In this thesis, we study two topics related to large-scale sparseestimation and control. In the first topic, we describe a method toeliminate features (variables) in $\ell_{1}$-regularized convex optimizationproblems. The elimination of features leads to a potentially substantialreduction in computational effort needed to solve such problems, especiallyfor large values of the penalty parameter. Our method is not heuristic:it only eliminates features that are guaranteed to be absent aftersolving the optimization problem. The feature elimination step iseasy to parallelize and can test each feature for elimination independently.Moreover, the computational effort of our method is negligible comparedto that of solving the convex problem.We study the case of $\ell_{1}$-regularized least-squares problem(a.k.a. LASSO) extensively and derive a closed-form sufficient conditionfor eliminating features. The sufficient condition can be evaluatedby few vector-matrix multiplications. For comparison purposes, wepresent a LASSO solver that integrates SAFE with the Coordinate Descentmethod. We call our method CD-SAFE, and we report the number of computationsneeded for solving a LASSO problem using CD-SAFE and using the plainCoordinate Descent method. We observe at least a $100$ fold reductionin computational complexity for dense and sparse data-sets consistingof millions of variables and millions of observations. Some of thesedata-sets can cause memory problems when loaded, or need specializedsolvers. However, with SAFE, we can extend LASSO solvers capabilitiesto treat large-scale problems, previously out of their reach. Thisis possible, because SAFE eliminates variables and thus portions ofour data at the outset, before loading it into our memory.We also show how our method can be extended to general $\ell_{1}$-regularizedconvex problems. We present preliminary results for the Sparse SupportVector Machine and Logistic Regression problems.In the second topic of the thesis, we derive a method for open-loopcontrol of open channel flow, based on the Hayami model, a parabolicpartial differential equation resulting from a simplification of theSaint-Venant equations. The open-loop control is represented as infiniteseries using differential flatness, for which convergence is assessed.Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the approach by applyingthe open-loop controller to irrigation canals modeled by the fullSaint-Venant equations. We experiment with our controller on the Gignac Canal, located northwestof Montpellier, in southern France. The experiments show that it ispossible to achieve a desired water flow at the downstream of a canalusing the Hayami model as an approximation of the real-system. However,our observations of the measured water flow at the upstream controlledgate made us realize some actuator limitations. For example, deadbandin the gate opening and unmodeled disturbances such as friction inthe gate-opening mechanism, only allow us to deliver piece-wise constantcontrol inputs. This fact made us investigate a way to compute a controllerthat respects the actuator limitations. We use the CD-SAFE algorithm,to compute such open-loop control for the upstream water flow. Wecompare the computational effort needed to obtain an open-loop controlwith certain dynamics using the CD-SAFE algorithm and the plain CoordinateDescent algoirthm. We show that with CD-SAFE we are able to obainan open-loop control signal with cheaper computations.


The finite difference method based on staggered grids is applied to simulate the induction logging response in 3D media. The invariance property of the Krylov subspace is used to solve the resulting large sparse complex symmetric linear system. To improve iteration convergence the pseudo inverse of the coefficient matrix is employed when constructing the Krylov subspace instead of the coefficient matrix itself. In each iteration four 3D Poisson equations are computed to get a new Lanczos vector with the incomplete Cholesky decomposition conjugate method. Generally the desirable solution is achieved with the iteration less than 20 times. Also, a new material averaging formula is proposed to get a reasonable average of the conductivity, which guarantees the conservation of the electric current.


That has not always been the case. When the City of Glasgow Bank failed in 1878 there was a great outpouring of sympathy for the hardship faced by the bank's shareholders. A relief fund to help them was established, raising nearly £400,000 from members of the public – around £35 million in today's money – including through a public recitation of the works of Shakespeare. The government did not step in.1


Objective:To reform ultraviolet spectrophotometry for detecting total flavonoids in health foods.Methods: All kinds of flavonoids were extracted using absolute ethanol,absorbed with polyamide columella,purified through diethyl,and eluted by carbinol.Eluted flavonoids were then quantitatively measured within constant volume using external standard ultraviolet spectrophotometry.Results: For this reformed method,its linear variation range was 50 μg~250 μg,recovery rate 85%~90%,relative standard deviation 5%,and least detect value 5 μg.Conclusion: This reformed method was of accuracy,sensitivity,simplicity,time-saving and little harm to lab assistants,and it was able to be used in detecting routine samples.


PURPOSE: Provided is a method for removing oil, petroleum products and/or chemical pollutants from liquid and/or gas and/or surface to enhance the effectiveness of the removal of oil and petroleum products, and also to provide for the removal of other chemical pollutants as a result of the presence of a mixture of carbon nanocrystals. CONSTITUTION: The method for removing oil, petroleum products and/or chemical pollutants from liquid and/or gas and/or surface comprises preparing a carbonaceous mixture of a graphite-containing feedstock, placing the carbonaceous mixture in a contaminated medium and collecting the carbonaceous mixture saturated with pollutants. The step of placing the carbonaceous mixture in the contaminated medium is carried out by dispersing onto a surface and/or into a liquid and/or by placing on a surface and/or by passing a liquid or a gas through a filter. A mixture of expanded graphite and carbonaceous nanocrystals is used as the carbonaceous mixture, wherein the content of the carbonaceous nanocrystals in the mixture is not less than 10%.


: As an important content of constructing "golden courses", ideological and political education in various courses has become a focus of curriculum reform and construction. This article takes organic chemistry as the core course and advanced organic chemistry and fundamentals of carbohydrate chemistry courses as an extension to build a collaborative curriculum group. Through combing knowledge, we build a reasonable connection between courses by reorganizing the teaching contents, so as to gradually promote transformation from the professional teaching to the ability and quality-oriented teaching. At the same time, based on the discipline of organic chemistry, we build an ideological and humanistic resource base. According to the characteristics of the courses, we are committed to building a matrix-style education model in the collaborative course group, integrating ideological and political education into chemistry education naturally and harmoniously, and truly moisturizing things silently and establishing morality.


Recognizing States: International Society and the Establishment of New States Since 1776. By Mikulas Fabry. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. 256 pp., $85.00 hardcover (ISBN-13: 978-0-19-956444-6).

The international politics of recognizing new states, as the author of Recognizing States: International Society and the Establishment of New States Since 1776 readily concedes, could be thought of as "a somewhat arid, even tedious, topic" (p. 2). Thankfully, in this case there is no need for such self-deprecation. For in the right hands, telling the story of the politics of recognition actually reveals a great deal about the formation and ongoing evolution of our international system, as this fine book amply demonstrates. This is because the practice of recognition, important of itself, is also intimately connected to a host of related principles and practices of international relations: the many dimensions of sovereignty both internal and external, standards of legitimacy, arguments and practices surrounding self-determination, the principle of territorial integrity, the rights of conquest, and more. Because he deftly weaves all these in with the titular "recognition," Mikulas Fabry's study of system membership standards in effect addresses the history of the international system itself, making important contributions along the way.

What entities should qualify for recognition as sovereign, independent states? Historically, achieving recognition has been difficult (with key exceptions). Those states already members of the international community have generally oscillated between two standards, conceiving self-determination either as a negative or a positive international right. The negative conception prevails far more commonly: would-be states/communities must earn …


The heritage of america's lighthouses is being saved and brought back to life thanks to the efforts of local preservation groups and lighthouse lovers. Lighthouses were preserved and restored by individual owners, non-profit organizations and state and federal agencies. The authors provide an overview of this preservation activity. Photographs. -- ICCROM


The education systematization as a process included in management process is considered. The steps of the persistent professional education systematization are revealed and characterized. The systematization result is characterized on system approach basis.