The integration of EHR in IT infrastructures supporting organizations enable improved access and recording of patient data, enhanced ability to make improved decisions, improved quality and reduced errors in patient care. Despite these benefits, there are mixed results as to the use of EHR. The literature suggests that the reasons for the limited use relate to policy, financial and usability considerations, but it does not provide an understanding of reasons for physicians' limited interaction and adaptation of EHR. Following an analysis of qualitative data, collected in a case study at a hospital using interviews, this research explains how physicians interact with EHR. The key contribution of this research is in explaining how physicians interact with EHR in terms of concepts that are grounded in the real world experiences of physicians. The model of positive and negative physician work cycles is introduced and discussed. Contributions to research and practice are presented.


The identity of the community sharing one Chinese culture by humanism logic is different from the identity of the imagined political community by political logic.In the course of the modern history of Chinese poetry,the identity of the community sharing one Chinese culture has been lost.Today,in the situation of globalization,to surpass the determinism of culture and to reconstruct the community sharing one Chinese culture in Chinese poetry should base itself upon the diversity of mankind's culture and spirit.


Side Scan Sonar (SSS) is widely used to search for seabed objects such as ships and wrecked aircraft due to its high-imaging-resolution and large planar scans. SSS requires an automatic real-time target recognition system to enhance search and rescue efficiency. In this paper, a novel target recognition method for SSS images in varied underwater environment, you look only once (YOLO)-slimming, based on convolutional a neural network (CNN) is proposed. The method introduces efficient feature encoders that strengthen the representation of feature maps. Channel-level sparsity regularization in model training is performed to speed up the inference performance. To overcome the scarcity of SSS images, a sonar image simulation method is proposed based on deep style transfer (ST). The performance on the SSS image dataset shows that it can reduce calculations and improves the inference speed with a mean average precision (mAP) of 95.3 and at least 45 frames per second (FPS) on an embedded Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). This proves its feasibility in practical application and has the potential to formulate an image-based real-time underwater target recognition system.


These two contributions address the important topics of Himalayan and Tibetan medicine. Gupta et al. is a book of science, primarily focused on the knowledge about, and the therapeutic effects of, plants and plant products in Himachal Himalaya, India. Gyatso's work is an intellectual history of the mutual influence of healing knowledge and Buddhism in early modern Tibet. Both books ask a crucial question: What is medicine in a Himalayan and Tibetan landscape? While both texts also contextualize medicine in a broader scenario, considering medicine as a non-Western tradition, Gupta et al. understand Himalayan medicine as an insular system, while Gyatso sees parallels between Tibetan and Western medical traditions, particularly in the relationship between the religious and the empirical. REVIEW: HEALING TRADITIONS OF THE NORTHWESTERN HIMALAYAS AND BEING HUMAN IN A BUDDHIST WORLD


In this paper, we investigate the performance of a general multi-layer decentralized system setup for cooperative spectrum sensing, which includes realistic sensing/reporting channels and correlated Log-Normal shadow-fading in all wireless links of the cooperative network. Our investigations will show that, even though often overlooked in typical cooperative spectrum sensing analysis, shadowing correlation on the reporting channel can yield similar performance degradations as shadowing correlation on the sensing channel. All findings will be substantiated via theoretical arguments and Monte Carlo simulations, and, in particular, novel approximation methods to account for correlated Log-Normal shadowing in cooperative spectrum sensing problems will be introduced.


This paper focuses on the study of the effect of rectification by grinding on the mechanical behavior in quasi-static tests (compression and inter-laminar shear) of two long fiber composite materials machined by two cutting processes: tool machining (edge cutting) and abrasive diamond cutting (ADS). Two sets of specimens of different surface roughness are generated by varying the cutting conditions for each material. One set is rectified. First, the results of compression and inter laminar shear tests show that the mechanical behavior is highly affected by the surface roughness. Secondly it is shown that the operation of rectification improves the mechanical behavior. However this improvement is highly affected by the surface roughness of the specimen before rectification and is dependent on the long fiber composite material.


Background  Topical application of capsaicin commonly produces burning, stinging and itching as well as hyperalgesia to heat stimuli via activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1.


During development our organs take different distinct shapes. Researchers from the labs of Prof. Roux and Prof. Kruse at UNIGE show how under certain circumstances muscle cells collectively spiral and rotate to protrude and self-organize in 3D forming cellular tornadoes.


A nematic quantum critical point is anticipated to exist in the superconducting dome of some high-temperature superconductors. The nematic order competes with the superconducting order and hence reduces the superconducting condensate at $T = 0$. Moreover, the critical fluctuations of nematic order can excite more nodal quasiparticles out of the condensate. We address these two effects within an effective field theory and show that superfluid density $\rho^s(T)$ and superconducting temperature $T_c$ are both suppressed strongly by the critical fluctuations. The strong suppression of superconductivity provides a possible way to determine the nematic quantum critical point.


To realize application of STandard for the Exchange of Product model data-compliant Numerical Control data interface(STEP-NC) in turning center,STEP-NC turning feature was extended.Firstly,classification of STEP-NC features according to hypotaxis was summarized.Extended three-dimensional turning features as milling groove,radial round hole and replicate turning feature were presented.The meaning and inclusive subtypes of every feature entity were discussed.The parameter meaning and representation for every feature were studied in particular.Finally,according to detailed parameter format of presented turning feature,two STEP-NC turning programs were programmed.A cutting simulation was performed to the toolpath and workpiece model of every program by the exploited STEP-NC turning simulation system.Result verified the feasibility of the extended three-dimensional turning features.


Background:  Endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation (EPBD) is one of the methods to remove bile duct stones. EPBD might preserve the function of the sphincter of Oddi despite the potential risk of acute pancreatitis. There are only a few reports of EPBD reducing the risk of acute pancreatitis and, at same time, preserving the function of the sphincter of Oddi.


In this study, a new approach was used to prepare polymer composites reinforced by both nanoparticles and continuous fibers. Carbon nanofibers were prebound onto glass fiber mats, and then unsaturated polyester composites were prepared by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding. Mechanical and thermal properties of these composites were measured and compared with those of the composites synthesized by premixing carbon nanofibers with the polymer resin. Flexural strength and modulus of composites improved with the incorporation of nanoparticles. Specifically, the property improvement was higher in the case of the composites prepared by the new prebound method. It was also found that carbon nanofibers increased the glass transition temperature and reduced the thermal expansion coefficient of unsaturated polyester composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers


In this paper, new developments concerning the use of BE/BE coupling algorithms for solving 3D time–harmonic problems are reported. The algorithms are derived by considering different iterative solvers. Their chief idea is to work with the global sparse matrix of the coupled system, however without considering the many zero blocks associated with the non–coupled nodes of different subregions. The use of iterative solvers makes it possible to store and manipulate only the block matrices with non–zero coefficients. Preconditioned iterative solvers based on the Lanczos, bi-conjugate gradient, and GMRES (generalized minimal residual) methods are used to derive the BE/BE coupling algorithms. A description of the formulation of these solvers, which are completely general and can be applied to any non–singular, non–hermitian systems of equations, is provided. The performance of the algorithms is verified by solving some foundation–soil interaction problems. Important parameters for estimating the efficiency of the algorithms as required CPU times, matrix sparsity, and accuracy of the obtained responses are presented in the results of the paper.


As this goes to press, the Internet-based courses are being offered for a second semester and additional courses are under development. I The enormous growth of the Internet has opened new means of delivering university courses without geographic boundaries. As a result, educators are faced with a number of opportunities and challenges. If a school ignores this chance, it faces losing students to other institutions that act quickly to exploit a new method of reaching them. Those academics who leap into this new arena are faced with numerous challenges that must be overcome. Their restitutions must be assured that students who earn credits on the Internet have accomplished the learning objectives that are appropriate for those courses. This article describes the alliance of two universities to facilitate their entry in Internet-based distance learning. The report outlines the steps taken in launching graduate credit-bearing courses using the Web to connect professors and students and covers the institutional partnership, strategy, course selection, course development, students, course structure, technology, post class survey and lessons learned. As this goes to press, the Internet-based courses are being offered for a second semester and additional courses are under development. Institutional Partners The University of Dallas Graduate School of Management (UD), located in Irving, Texas, and Pace University's School of Computer Science and Information Systems (Pace), located in New York City and White Plains, New York, have joined forces as institutional Internet partners. Pace University's School of Computer Science and Information Systems has been offering graduate degrees in computer science, information systems, and telecommunications since 1983. A variety of distance learning methods have been used during the years. Professors have taught courses using IBM's CNET, a one-way video, two-way audio satellite network, as well as using the University's internal closed circuit TV network. Since 1995, with funding provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Pace has been actively involved in the development of courses to be taught asynchronously over the Internet and the World Wide Web. In 1996/Pace introduced a number of non-credit and credit-bearing courses for Internet delivery. The University of Dallas Graduate School of Management has been offering specialized MBA degrees for over 30 years. For most of that time UD has been involved in distance learning. UD participates in the Dallas-Fort Worth Alliance for Higher Education, where professors lecture using closed-circuit TV from the campus to students' places of employment. In 1994, UD launched the Health Services MBA over Westcott Communications' nationwide satellite-training network to health care professionals. Learners never have to travel to campus except for the graduation celebration. With these and other initiatives, UD is no stranger to distance learning and, in early 1997, wanted to begin using the Internet as an additional tool to reach students. The University of Dallas and Pace University each offers a graduate degree in Telecommunications (Pace has a Master of Science degree and UD has an MBA). Both offer a telecommunications certificate as a subset of their degree programs. In the spring of 1997, UD developed a plan to offer its five-course certificate program on the Internet. In order to facilitate the rapid deployment of these courses, UD decided to partner with Pace. This report focuses on UD's launch of Internet-delivered, graduate level credit-bearing courses and its experience in doing so through its partnership with Pace. Course Development Pace University's strategy is to offer the full Master of Science in Computer Science and Master of Science in Telecommunications degrees over the Internet. The short-term goal is to offer the six-course Certificate in Telecommunications by the spring of 1998. …


Fluorinated derivatives of certain Meldrum's acid as a novel compound, its method of preparation, Li-ion batteries, their use in Li-air battery and Li-sulfur battery, and solvent compositions containing them, electrolyte composition and their respective the battery is disclosed.


Objective: To detect the cooperative effect of TALAS with Cisplatin on the growth of SKOV3-DDP cells,and to investigate the possible mechanism.Methods: We verified the inhibitory effect of TALAS on SKOV3-DDP cells previously.In this experiment,MTT assay was used to detect the cooperative effect of TALAS and Cisplatin,the apoptosis inducing effect of TALAS was investigated by Annexin-V FITC/PI,the levels of LRPmRNA were examined by RT-PCR,and the protein expressions of Phospho-iκB-α,Phospho-iκκα,Phospho-NF-κBp65 were detected by Western blot.Results: TALAS showed an obvious cooperative inhibitory effect with Cisplatin on SKOV3-DDP cells.TALAS could induce apoptosis of SKOV3-DDP cells,the high and middle doses of TALAS showed a significant difference to control.Moreover,TALAS could down-regulate the mRNA expressions of LRP,meanwhile,the protein levels of Phospho-iκB-α,Phospho-iκκα,Phospho-NF-κBp65 were down-regulated by TALAS.Conclusion: TALAS shows an obvious cooperative effect with Cisplatin possibly through inducing apoptosis and down-regulating the expressions of LRP.Moreover,it may be related to the inhibitory effect of TALAS on NF-κB signaling pathway.


The complexity of software upgraded is the inevitable result of the deepening of social information, and then to put forward higher requirements of software testing. Because of technology, co-ordination, geopolitical, or other non-technical factors these factors the tested software and related hardware devices can not connect to the system, leading to delay the progress of the test, the level of systemic problems in the design of feedback difficulties. This paper presents a short message format with variable packet transmission simulation methods required for devices connected to the radio transmission of images, for example, through variable message format technology to the system under test and simulation data transmission between stations , measured test between serial communication port terminal and radio interfacing and get results. 1. THE Research background 1.1 The testing problem with the hardware Software testing is an important part of the software life cycle indispensable, as the software complexity continues to increase, many systematic software have to with the appropriate hardware to play its due effect. In actual testing process, due to co-ordinate scheduling, third-party testing platform and hardware vendors to provide location gap is too far away, a particular device under control and other factors in a particular situation, leading to delay the progress of the test, and to influence the test of the robustness The author tests had witnessed several cases above on several software tests. While connected to the corresponding hardware test irreplaceable data transmission can not be replaced, through simulation tests can be found on the problems of software design has been good and bad feedback. 1.2 Traditional test system structure In this paper, a software testing project which author participate in will be shown as an instance. For example, the system structure shown in Figure 1. The measured software via serial communication port is connected with the radio station, the radio station transmission by wireless radio station to communicate with another, the same radio station connected via serial communication port and test the software on another set of equipment.


A model describing the influence of temperature on the permeability/selectivity tradeoff of polymeric membranes has been developed from fundamental theoretical considerations. This model was used to predict the influence of temperature on upper bound behavior for several gas pairs including O2/N2, H2/N2, CO2/CH4, CO2/N2, H2/CO2, and CO2/H2. The predicted upper bound shifts vertically with temperature, and the direction and magnitude of the shift depend on the sizes and condensabilities of the gases


In 2000, humans used approximately 60% of run-off that is geographically and temporally accessible. With projected increases in population, humans may use between 72-99% (depending on whether per capita increases are factored) of accessible run-off by 2025, even accounting for new dam construction. Wetlands have the capability to filter polluted water and could therefore potentially affect access to freshwater. Based on an estimated 2507 km³/year of total wastewater produced in 2025 and a standard flow rate of wastewater at 5 cm/day, our model predicts that the construction of 171,114 km² of treatment wetlands can potentially reduce human appropriation of annual run-off to 64% by 2025, with additional freshwater returns of up to 23% of annual run-off.


* From the Department of Medicine, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Wiley Winsor Memorial Heart Research Foundation, Inc., Los Angeles; and Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Sunnyvale, California. Despite the availability of numerous techniques, there is still an existing need for objective tests with which to detect coronary insufficiency in its early stages. The reason for this seems directly related to various drawbacks inherent in present methods. For example, the electrocardiogram (ECG), now 60 years old and widely employed for this purpose,1 , 2 can yield false negative results if the tracing is obtained with the patient at rest. Provocative tests used in conjunction with the ECG may also produce misleading results. Hence, the conventional postexercise ECG3 may be inaccurate, due to unusual relationships between the position of the heart and the electrodes. This is especially true if only one or two leads are used. Other tests, such as the hypoxia and ergot alkaloid tests, are either frightening to patients, have legal hazards,4 or are difficult to control. Use of the vectorcardio-


Continued UV monitoring at high spectral resolution utilizing the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) of the IRAS candidate proto-planetary system, Beta Pictoris (Also see Kondo and Bruhweiler 1985; and references cited therein.), has revealed two components to the circumstellar absorption. The first is a stable absorption component at or near the stellar photospheric velocity, possibly arising from gas orbiting in a gaseous disk, while the second component represents strong variable excess absorption sometimes extending up to +200 km s . The variability of this second component accounts for most of the spectral variability observed in Beta Pic. Variable circumstellar absorption observed in the resonance lines and UV62 and 63 multiplets of Fe II reveal an episode of mass inflow which lasted over a period of 12 to 13 months (see Fig. 1). It is not clear if the gas falling toward the star represents a dissipation of the inner gaseous disk surrounding the star or if another explanation can be found. Although mass outflow has yet to be observed, further studies might uncover such evidence. These observations indicate that the Beta Pictoris system is far more complex than initially envisioned. Since results from IRAS imply that a significant fraction of the A stars exhibit IR excesses, we have also begun a search for UV analogues to Beta Pictoris, concentrating on stars near the Sun. This search has produced one additional object, Sigma Herculis, which displays both sharp circumstellar absorption and an IRAS infrared excess. More detailed results of our observations for Beta Pictoris and Sigma Herculis will be presented elsewhere.


markdownabstract__Abstract__

Migraine is a neurovascular disorder characterized by a unilateral throbbing
headache that lasts 4 to 72 hours and is often accompanied by nausea,
vomiting, photo- and phonophobia. It has a prevalence of 8% in men and 20-25%
in women. The exact mechanisms behind a migraine attack are not clear, but the
trigeminovascular system seems to play a key role in the pathophysiology of migraine.


The present invention relates to a diaphragm device and a manufacturing method, an electronic device and a mobile body drive means. When driven to abut against the stepping motor, the stop member prevents adjustment when the stop position shift. Diaphragm means (1) includes: an opening portion is formed with a stop member for light to pass (5,6); that the stop member (5,6), the operation member moves in the opening diameter of the opening portion of the change in direction ( 15); restricting means to abut one end of the operation member is limited by the way that the movement of the diaphragm member movable range; a stepping motor (8) driving source; and a driving force of the stepping motor is transmitted to the operation member the driving force transmission mechanism (11, 12), a stepping motor and a drive force transmission mechanism fitted to: when one end of the moving range limiting unit limits the use of the stop member, the direction of rotation of the stepping motor stopping angle becomes prescribed angle decisions.


The copper diffusion barrier properties of amorphous boron carbo-nitride (BCxNy) films were studied. The BCxNy films were deposited by chemical vapor deposition at 360°C and 1Torr using dimethylamine borane with no reaction gas (BC0.37N0.15), with NH3(BC0.19N0.44), or with C2H4(BC0.90N0.08); their dielectric constants were 4.1, 4.4, and 3.9, respectively. A SiC0.76N0.44 film was used to benchmark the study. Barrier films were deposited on 7nm thermal oxide∕n-type Si substrates. The leakage current for BC0.90N0.08, 1.1×10−8A∕cm2 at 0.5MV∕cm, is the lowest of the three but it is larger than that of the benchmark SiC0.76N0.44 film, 5.5×10−9A∕cm2. Time dependent dielectric breakdown is used to test barrier time-to-failure of Cu-gate capacitors at 150°C and +2to5MV∕cm. BC0.90N0.80 displayed barrier performance comparable to SiC0.76N0.44 and was noticeably better than BC0.37N0.15 and BC0.19N0.44. Overall, BCxNy barriers are promising and are improved with lower boron content, fewer B–B bonds, and increased B–C ...


The nonlinear behavior of concrete is complex and is governed by a variety of parameters. As a result, there exist a number of constitutive models that try to predict concrete behavior beyond the linear elastic limit. A mature concrete model must not only remain operational under proportional and nonproportional loadings, but it should be capable of capturing the response behavior in the prepeak and postpeak regimes. Based on such a model, which resorts to an isotropic-hardening description of the prepeak behavior and to a fracture energy-based isotropic-softening description of the postpeak regime, the present paper develops a finite element reliability formulation of nonlinear stochastic concrete under both proportional and nonproportional loadings. The formulation accounts for randomness in loading and spatial variability of concrete properties. The proposed reliability formulation with focus on the prepeak regime uses analytical expressions to compute response gradients. In this manner, efficiency and accuracy concerns associated with perturbation methods are avoided. A computer code is developed for the application of the proposed method to concrete structures. Numerical results are also presented to demonstrate the capability of the computer code to evaluate the reliability of a nondeterministic concrete panel with respect to excessive displacement and excessive hardening under both proportional and nonproportional loadings.


Field evaluation at progressive farmer's holdings in Kalimpong, darjeeling, West Bengal in a seven years old large cardamom plantation with a local cultivar "Varlangey" was carried out to investigate the bio-efficacy of a non-organofluorine benzyl urea compound diafenthiuron 50% WP along with standard checks against cardamom thrips Sciothrips cardamomi (ramk.) and capsule borer Conogethes punctiferalis (Guen.) during two winter seasons. the treatment at higher dosages (800 and 1600 g ha−1) found superior over standard checks quinalphos 25% ec, chlorpyrifos 20% ec and carbosulfan 25% ec. the highest biological yield was obtained with higher dosages (32.45 and 33.00 q ha−1). the infestation of thrips and capsule borer was minimum in treatments with higher dosages with an overall mean ranging from 9.05–9.53% mean capsule damage and 19.29–19.64% mean shoot and 11.54–12.03% mean capsule damage respectively.


Informal employment in developing countries creates an urban informal labor sector. Since amount of income earned is higher in big cities, informal laborers move to such areas. Governments in developing countries may not be successful in controlling this due to lack of political power and/or other political expectations. This study investigates how political rent seeking effects behavior of informal urban labor force and shows that political authorities in Turkey deepens the problem of informal labor force in urban areas. In order to test this phenomenon empirically, we discussed some statistical and demographic data and income distribution in Turkey at first. Then, we constructed a mathematical model with a political preference function to measure the rate of "rent seeking" policies of the governments. Finally, the relationship between informal urban labor force and political decision making process are discussed within the context of a general equilibrium modeling.


ABSTRACT The effect of Ca2+ and some divalent metal ions related to it (Mg, Sr, Ba, Cd) on the hydrolysis of natural and artificial substrates catalyzed by vipoxin secreted phospholipase A2 subunit (sPLA2) was evaluated. The results showed that the hydrolysis of natural glycerophospholipids proceeds at a highest rate when the enzyme is activated by calcium ions. The catalytic activity of sPLA2 decreased in the presence of other metal ions possibly due to their lower coordination ability to the head group of lipids. Oppositely, the hydrolysis of artificial substrates was facilitated by metal ions with ionic radii larger than Ca2+, such as Sr2+ and Ba2+, suggesting that not only the interaction with metal cations, but also the origin of the head group should be considered. The fluorescence assay revealed that conformational changes occur during the coordination of metal ions into the catalytic site of sPLA2 prior to subsequent hydrolysis. It could be concluded that the rate-limiting step in the catalytic cycle (e.g. the chemical interaction) is not completely adequate to evaluate all factors affecting the hydrolytic activity of vipoxin sPLA2.


Objective:To explore clinical classification, grade, and treatment of adult Langerhans cell histiocytosis(LCH) in China.Method:9 adults with LCH treated in Fuzhou General Hospital from 1995 to 2005 and 286 adults with LCH reported in the literature in China were analyzed.Result:The age of onset ranged from 18 to 75 years in 207 males and 88 females with average of 35 years old. Bones were mostly damaged ( 81.4%), lymph nodes, lungs, skin were less damaged. According to the traditional classification, most ( 75.9%) belonged to Eosinophilic granuloma of bone (EGB). 13.9% belonged to single-organ. According to the Lavin-Osband criteria, most ( 92.5%) belonged to grade Ⅰ. According to the International Histiocyte Association, most ( 96.3%) belonged to single-system.Conclusion:Adult LCH is a chronic disease. Most cases belonge to single-system with bone injury. Primary lung injury is the other characteristic of adult LCH. On the whole, the prognosis of adult LCH is well.


Major changes in the energy systems throughout Europe have resulted in the implementation of new technologies such as smart grids and meters, enabling a two-way flow of information and electricity. ...


The field of 2D materials has gained a lot of attention for vast range of applications. Amongst others, the sensing ability towards harmful gases is the application, which we explored in the present work using quantum-mechanical simulations for the SnP3 material. Its electronic properties, namely 1 and 2 layers being semiconducting, while multilayers being metallic, offer a possibility to build a single-material logical junction. In addition, the harmful gases studied here show physical adsorption with charge transfer from the substrate to the gas molecules. Calculated recovery times show promise of a good sensing material. The I-V characteristics calculated for all cases indicates that SnP3 could be a viable sensing material towards NO gas via negative differential resistance.


Presently, modern lifestyle diseases (LSD) such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, thyroid etc., are commonly seen among people of different age groups. One of the root causes of this LSD is the type of food that we are eating. Staple crops like rice, sugarcane, vegetables, wheat etc. are grown with the application of agrochemicals (e.g., glyphosate) whose traces comes in our food; after that, it gets ultra-processed in factories, e.g. chips and snacks are fried using saturated fats (trans fat); sugar and wheat (derivatives bread, buns, cookies) are processed using toxic chemicals (bleaching agents). As a result, the nutrition value of food gets compromised due to low dietary fiber content and synthetic additives, e.g., sucralose (artificial sweetener), which promotes inflammation and weakens our immune system, due to which our body becomes sensitive to microbial infection and many other LSDs. To strengthen the immune system, people start taking synthetically prepared supplements and drugs for a prolonged time, which further deteriorates the body organs and their normal function, e.g., long medication for hypothyroidism poses a risk of heart attack and joint pain. Nanotechnology solves the above problems in the food, nutraceuticals, and agriculture sectors. Nanotechnology-based naturally processed products such as nano nutraceuticals, nanofood, nanofertilizers, and nanopesticides will benefit our health. They possess desirable properties such as high bioavailability, targeted delivery, least processing, sustain-released, etc. With the help of nanotechnology, we can get nutritional and agrochemical-free food. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Although Hispanics generally receive less than average medical care, they commonly underreport barriers to needed care. Researchers at the Center for Health Affairs at Project HOPE found this contradictory reporting may demonstrate inadequacies in the measure being used for this population. The commonly used difficulty-in-obtaining-needed-care measure may be inappropriate for non-English-speaking Hispanics due to a cultural bias in how this population reports access to care. Specifically, many of them do not interpret "need" in the same way as non-Hispanic whites. Claudia Schur, Ph.D., along with colleagues Jacob Feldman, Ph.D., and Marc Berk, Ph.D., found that when interviewed in Spanish, Hispanics were more likely to report fair or poor health than Hispanics interviewed in English. Non-Englishspeaking Hispanics, however, were less likely to report barriers to health care. The researchers concluded that the difficultyin-obtaining-needed-care measure is not a valid indicator for this population because it calculates only one dimension of access, and is a subjective perception that relies on recognizing a need for care. Consequently, community rankings based on unsuitable access measures may be inappropriate indicators of access deficiencies.


We propose a new class of space-time trellis codes for 4 transmit antennas. These codes combine set-partitioning and a super set of quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes in a systematic way to provide full diversity and improved coding gain. The result is a very powerful non full-rate code that provides full diversity and high coding gain for different number of states and at different rates. Also, it is possible to maintain a tradeoff between coding gain and rate. The decoding complexity of the new codes is very low because the symbols can be decoupled at the decoder. Simulation results demonstrate the good performance of our new space-time trellis codes. We provide a study of coding gain and different code examples.


Art and, more largely, the educational legitimacy of artistic and cultural practices at school seem to have achieved consensus. A higher common principle is apparently gaining ground in the definition of the educational good. Is it postmodern educational bricolage or the emergence of another construct? This paper is based on the assumption that the place of art in education and the importance of aesthetics can and must contribute to assess the state of education, its tensions and aspirations. The set of available data should attract the attention of both sociologists of education and sociologists of art and provide food for thought to philosophers of education and philosophers of art.


An analytical method to calculate and optimize the performance of a multi-mirror combined solar dish collector is proposed in this work. It is based on the method of directly calculating the optical efficiency of a reflecting point, which can consider the influence of many factors. The distribution of the reflected solar intensity is obtained by the convolution of the actual solar intensity distribution and Gaussian distribution of the optical error. Then, the optical efficiency for a single mirror is calculated through integration over the total area of the mirror, and the method is validated by the SolTrace code. It is a rather quick method that reduces the amount of calculation and keeps high accuracy. The heat loss per unit area for the cavity receiver is assumed to be constant at a definite operation temperature for performance analysis and optimization. Taking a 62.25 m2 combined dish system with 249 square spherical mirrors as an example, the effects of system focal length, open radius of receiver, optical error, and focal length of the mirror on the system intercept factor and efficiency are studied. An optimization model is developed for maximizing the annual average net thermal efficiency. If the mirrors used have the same focal length for reducing the manufacture cost, when the optical error is 2 mrad, the net thermal efficiency and the intercept factor of the optimized system are 85.87% and 98.60%, respectively, while the concentration ratio is about 2000.


Absract: The article considers the temporal component of Yorkshire dialect speech. The research is based on the instrumental analysis of the following parameters: average syllable duration (ASD), pausation ratio (Kp), average duration of pauses.


Results of a steady-state analysis performed for a class of distributed parameter systems described by hyperbolic partial differential equations defined on a one-dimensional spatial domain are presented. For the case of the system with two state variables and two boundary inputs, the analytical expressions for the steady-state distribution of the state variables are derived, both in the exponential and in the hyperbolic form. The influence of the location of the boundary inputs on the steady-state response is demonstrated. The considerations are illustrated with a practical example of a shell and tube heat exchanger operating in paralleland countercurrent-flow modes.


The rapid advance of handheld and head-mounted mixed reality technologies comes with many opportunities to integrate 3D visualizations on top of screen-based 2D technologies for immersive analytics, such as the ability to walk through particle data. However, while mixed reality devices can render virtual worlds into the three dimensional space of the physical world, integrating these devices with 2D immersive technologies is fundamentally constrained by the limited computing and networking resources of energy-efficient mobile devices. Towards a better understanding of these limitations, we design and implement a distributed particle rendering framework to bridge mobile mixed-reality devices with an immersive screenbased stage environment using a Microsoft HoloLens, an NVIDIA Shield Tablet, and a multi-projector immersive data visualization environment. Using our framework, we characterize rendering and networking constraints of the devices involved in the hybrid data visualization. We propose strategies to operate within these constraints to provide rich immersive 3D visualizations through dynamic partitioning and selective rendering of data-visualization workloads across 2D and 3D devices.


Endophytic fungi associated with the leaves of Bambusa tuldoides were investigated. Quantitative and qualitative differences were found between the endophyte assemblages from different ages of leaves collected from the upper and lower culm levels. More isolates were recovered from older than from younger leaves, sampled from both the upper and lower culm levels. Leaf tissues with secondary veins supported more endophytes, compared to those with primary veins. There were no significant differences in the communities distributed throughout the leaves.


Seed science is fundamental to many fields of endeavour, from agricultural production, to restoration, and conservation of threatened species and communities. This is especially the case in Australia which has seen hugely increased involvement and outputs from seed scientists across many sectors over the last three decades. This escalation in research is reflected in the program and outcomes of the first National Seed Science Forum that was held in March 2016 and was attended by delegates representing many scientific institutions, industry, non-government organisations and volunteer groups. There were delegates from nine countries, and keynote presentations and workshops by global leaders in seed science. A key outcome of the Forum was the unique opportunity for discussion and collaboration across sectors. Another key outcome of the Forum, the Seed Science Special Issue of the Australian Journal of Botany, captures some of the emerging topical research and themes seed scientists are working on. Of particular note is the growth in germplasm conservation of native and agriculturalfloras, in linewith, and at the forefront of, international collaborative efforts. The other strong theme across the Forum is the increasingly sophisticated use of seeds in restoration and the enabling technological advances. Future potential advances in Australian seed science are discussed. Introduction to Australian seed science and overview of the National Seed Science Forum Seeds are integral to plant reproduction, dispersal, establishment, adaptation, and persistence. Their study underpins diverse areas of plant science such as agriculture and horticulture, plant conservation, genetics and breeding, and more recently habitat restoration (Fig. 1). Seeds are sometimes underappreciated, but nevertheless important, indeed critical, to human wellbeing as they help to feed (e.g. wheat), clothe (e.g. cotton) and fuel the world (e.g. canola); as well as being the original sources for various pharmaceutical compounds (e.g. caffeine) and spices (e.g. nutmeg), that are a part of our daily lives. In future, their effective and insightful use will be at the forefront of providing some of the solutions to many of the world's challenges – global food security (Bardgett and Gibson 2017), environmental degradation (Svejcar et al. 2017), loss of biodiversity (Halley et al. 2017) and climate change (Walck et al. 2011). In Australia, studies of seeds of wild species have become increasingly prominent over the past three decades, particularly in the context of biodiversity conservation and land management. Reflecting the rise in extent and diversity of seed science in Australia, in March 2016, the National Seed Science Forum was held at the Australian PlantBank, at the Australian Botanic Garden, Mount Annan, NSW. The Forum was attended to capacity by over 140 delegates from nine countries from government, academia, non-government organisations, industry and volunteer groups who came together to discuss seeds within the four central themes of (1) Dormancy and Germination; (2) Establishment and Management; (3) Seed Storage, Conservation and Utilisation and; (4) Seed Ecology. There were several special events over the course of the Forum. Indigenous panel members discussed cultural dimensions of the collection and use of native plant material and traditional knowledge. A special presentation The Gift of Seeds, CGIAR Centres and the Global Crop Diversity Trust was given by The Honourable Tim Fischer AC. The Society for Ecological Restoration Australasia launched their National Standards for the Practice of Ecological Restoration in Australia (Standards Reference Group SERA 2017) with guest speaker, then Threatened Species Commissioner, Gregory Andrews, emphasising the importance of biodiversity conservation in Australia. A Masterclass was given by world-leading seed physiologist Dr Christina Walters from the USDA who synthesised decades of research as well as the latest international research to address the perennial seed banking questions: 'How should genebanks dry seeds for long-term storage?', 'How should seed moisture be maintained and monitored?', and 'What longevity do we expect to achieve?'. CSIRO PUBLISHING Australian Journal of Botany, 2017, 65, 601–608 Editorial https://doi.org/10.1071/BTv65n8_ED Journal compilation CSIRO 2017 www.publish.csiro.au/journals/ajb SPECIAL ISSUE


A depth map is normally created using two horizontally displaced images, where each depth value in the map is the distance to the 3D point. In some image areas, depth values cannot be calculated du ...


Between 1 December 1994 and 31 January 1995, Salmonella agona infections increased abruptly in England and Wales; isolates of S. agona from 41 patients with diarrheal illness were referred to the Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens of the Public Health Laboratory Service, compared with nine cases in the previous 12 months. Most isolates were from children under 10 years of age. Many of the cases were in Jewish children in London and several other parts of England; two children required hospital admission.S. agona can be subdivided by phage typing and, by using a method developed in the Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens (L. R. Ward, unpublished manuscript), we found that the isolates belonged to S. agona phage type (PT) 15. The outbreak was traced to a kosher savory snack imported into the United Kingdom from Israel, and all isolates from the contaminated product and from patients who had a history of consuming this product were found to belong to S. agona PT 15 (1). (Full details of this outbreak will be published elsewhere.) After notification of the outbreak in the United Kingdom, health authorities in countries where the contaminated snack had also been distributed were warned of the possibility of an upsurge in S. agona infections; these countries included Israel, the United States, and Canada. Countries in the European Union (EU) were also notified through SALM-NET, the European salmonella surveillance network (2). As a result of such notification, isolates of S. agona subsequently identified as PT 15 were received from patients in Israel, the United States, and France and from food samples in Israel, the United States, and Canada. For outbreak investigations, the policy of the Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens is to use serotyping, phage typing, and antibiogram analysis (Rtyping) for the primary identification and subdivision of isolates, supplemented when appropriate by a range of DNA-based methods, including plasmid analysis, ribotyping, insertion sequence (IS) 200 fingerprinting, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The use of these techniques has recently been reviewed (3). Of these methods, PFGE has been used for the molecular fingerprinting of S. typhi (4, 5) and for subdivision within epidemic phage types of S. enteritidis (6, 7). Because a small number of patients in England and Wales had been infected with S. agona PT 15 in the 11 months before the kosher snack outbreak, we decided to characterize the outbreak isolates by genotypic methods and, if possible, to use such methods for subdivision within the phage type. For S. agona, strains of this serotype do not possess IS200 elements (8), and studies by the Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens have demonstrated that the serotype is unlikely to be subdivided by ribotyping (M.D. Hampton, E.J. Threlfall, unpublished observations). PFGE was, therefore, considered the method most likely to provide a genotypic fingerprint suitable for epidemiologic investigations. Isolates from the food product and from all patients infected both during the outbreak and in the preceding 11 months were, therefore, examined by PFGE. Similarly, because of the international distribution of the contaminated food product, S. agona PT 15 organisms isolated in Israel and Canada from the food product and also from specimens from patients in Israel, the United States, and France were examined by PFGE. Analysis by PFGE of the fragments resulting from Xba I digestion of genomic DNA from 78 isolates of S. agona PT 15 made in the United Kingdom, Israel, the United States, Canada, and France between December 1993 and April 1995 showed 11 distinct pulsed-field profiles (PFP) and one variant profile, with 14 to 17 resolvable chromosomal fragments, ranging from approximately 25 kb to 680 kb (Figure). These profile types have been designated S. agona PFP (XbaI) 1 through to S. agona PFP (XbaI) 9, and S. agona PFPs (XbaI) 11 and 12; the variant type has been designated S. agona PFP (XbaI) 6a. The pattern designated S. agona PFP (XbaI) 10 had been assigned to an isolate of S. agona of an unrelated phage type, which has been used as a control in PFGE analysis of this serotype. The predominant PFGE profile, S. agona PFP (XbaI) 6, gave at least 15 resolvable fragments, ranging from 25 kbp to 485 kbp; this profile type was exhibited by 51 of the 78 isolates examined. The PFP 6 variant, designated PFP 6a and identified in one of the Canadian food isolates, could be differentiated from PFP 6 by the presence of an additional fragment of approximately 395 kbp; in Dispatches


Four land use practices were investigated for their differences in soil structural properties. The land use types are native forest, grassland, oil palm/cocoyam and arable land. Struc- tural parameters as bulk density, total porosity, water stable aggre- gates (WSA)> 0.25 mm, volumetric moisture content at field ca- pacity (FC) and organic matter content. Structural properties which are affected by land use are total porosity, bulk density, and organic matter.


The goal of this proposal was to advance basic knowledge in x-ray optics by continuing to apply and refine x-ray standing wave interferometric methods of studying crystal surfaces and by developing new x-ray optical methods to probe matter. The remainder of this report is divided into two sections outlining the accomplishments made first in the area of applying crystal optics to the study of crystal surfaces, and secondly in the more general area of developing new crystal optics.


The invention relates to a novel platinum compound, a liposome preparation containing the compound, a preparation method of the liposome preparation and an application of the liposome preparation in tumor treatment. The main components of the platinum liposome provided by the invention include active platinum compounds, phospholipid, cholesterol, fatty acid and the like, the platinum liposome can be prepared into a freeze-dried powder injection by freeze drying, and the platinum liposome is small in particle size, high in medicine loading capacity and good in stability. The platinum liposome can improve the bioavailability of cisplatin liposome, prolong the residence time of the medicine in vivo and concentrate the cisplatin in cancerous organs, thereby not only reducing the medicine dosage and reinforcing the curative effect, but also capable of reducing the toxic side effects of the medicine, so that the platinum liposome is suitable for treating a variety of tumor diseases.


Cell type classification and isolation according to imaging and spatial characteristics, beyond traditional fluorescently labeled biomarkers, enable the development of new biological insight and establishment of connections between phenotypical, morphological, and genomic cell information in normal and diseased states. Here we demonstrate a 2D image-guided cell sorter and a 3D imaging flow cytometer using fast scanning laser excitation sources. Both systems feature a cameraless design, which reconstructs cell images from the temporal readout of photomultiplier tubes.


The totality of power bears on the power structure, institutional level and the opening level of the political system. Power can be maintained maximized only when the power structure is in balance, power entities within the political system are highly institutionalized, and the political system remains open. CPC has, in the periods of both socialist revolution and construction, successfully created appropriate political conditions and environments for the smooth power operation, which results from its reasonable dealing with the essentials and their interrelations influencing the totality of power. Meanwhile, the important reason that CPC retains powerful dynamics lies in the fact that CPC actively conducts the political reforms with the result of persistently maintaining the tendency of keeping the totality of power increasing.


In the present analysis, the cycle of pulse detonation engine (PDE) operation, such as combustion, exhaust and filling phases, was performed by 2-dimensional calculations. A 2nd-order MacCormack-TVD scheme is used to solve Navier-Stokes equations where a simplified two-step chemical reaction model is introduced. Model PDEs have various tube lengths with a constant cross section, containing an Ar-diluted stoichiometric oxyhydrogen mixture. The performance of PDE was estimated and compared with the result of Endo-Fujiwara theoretical analysis. In the present PDE performance estimation, useful formulas for impulse per unit area that are in good agreement with theoretical analysis are derived. Through the cycle analysis of PDE operation, the thrust density of each Model PDE was also estimated and essential aspects of the PDE cycle were obtained.


The present paper extends recent studies of national character – suggesting that the Israeli case revolves around a set of deep cultural codes which constitute various empirical manifestations. Broadening on this re-emerging paradigm, the study provides a specific case study of a major trait of Israeli national character, namely existential anxiety and fear of annihilation. It does so while advancing the idea that cultural trauma sets a context for Israeli national character. The analysis shows that Israelis constantly reference persistent and endemic existential fears of annihilation. They do so while tying together four levels: the mythological predicament, historical evidence, contemporary threats and future risks.


The importance of research lies in the treatment of cancerous tumors due to the spread of cancerous tumors in recent decades, so researchers have to insist on finding alternative and more treatments safe from chemotherapy and radiation, which are derivatives of some amino acids, which we attended in our current research. Also, some research showed that taking tryptophan for 3 days before exercise can improve energy and efficiency during exercise, but other preliminary research shows that taking tryptophan during exercise does not improve endurance during cycling exercises. For a few days before exercise to notice any benefit. In this research, we prepared derivatives of cyclic tryptophan and studied their efficacy as anti-tumors, and they gave good results in reducing the size of cancerous tumors and reducing their spread in the body., then sympathy all synthesized new cyclic-tryptophan compounds by numerous techniques (FT.IR ,H.NMR)–spectrophotometric, other physical and chemical properties ,with studying for one of new prepared derivatives as anti breast cancer.


The utility model discloses a wire drawing lubricating oil constant temperature device of enamel covered wires, which comprises an electric heating device [4] and a temperature control device, wherein the temperature control device comprises a constant temperature heating control box [3], and a temperature control circuit and a temperature sensor which are arranged in the constant temperature heating control box, and the electric heating device [4] and the temperature sensor are arranged in a wire drawing lubricating oil pool [1]. The electric heating device heats lubricating oil, and the temperature control circuit automatically controls the opening and the closing of the electric heating device through temperature information fed back by the sensor, thereby guaranteeing the temperature of the lubricating oil to be constant within the set range. The device has simple structure and convenient temperature controlling operation.


In the frames of this study the hydrochemical parameters of porous aquifers at Sperchios basin, were investigated. Moreover their possible recharge by carbonate rocks was examined. Therefore, a series of water level measurements and a sampling campaign were carried out. The samples were analysed for main, trace and rare earth elements.
Regarding the area's geological setting, its northeastern and southeastern part is comprised of formations of the Subpelagonic Zone, its southern edge of Parnassos-Giona Zone and its western part of Pindos Zone. At the lowlands these formations are overlain by Holocene and Pleistocene deposits which host the most important aquifer of the region. It is an unconfined aquifer, which at the eastern part turns into a confined one, due to the presence of clay formations. Many important aquifers have been also developed in the basin's carbonate formations. The region's piezometric map at the southern area indicates that the main water flow direction is NE-SE. Moreover it points out that the carbonate formations recharge the porous aquifer.
According to their hydrochemical characteristics groundwater can be divided into three main types: Ca-HCO3, Ca-Mg-HCO3 and (Ca)-Na-Cl-(HCO3). The first one is typical of the region's fresh water, the second one indicates longer residence time of the water that was enriched in Mg+2 and the third one of water that was either influenced by sea water or hot springs.
The elaboration of the hydrochemical data also showed that the majority of water samples are saturated in calcite and dolomite. There is also a depletion of certain samples in Na+ which was attributed to ion exchange processes.
High Fe and Mn concentrations originate from the dissolution of Pindos Flysch minerals, As, Li and B to the presence of hot springs, while Zn and NO3 were related to human impact (industrial waste and fertilizers). The rare earth elements confirmed the original hypothesis, which was based on piezometric data and hydrochemical data analysis, that the region's porous aquifer is laterally recharged by the carbonate rock formations of Subpelagonic and Parnassos-Giona Zone limestones.


Renin-angiotensin system is believed to have important roles in blood pressure regulation. Baro and chemoreceptor afferents project to the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) neurons. The expression of angiotensin II type 1 (AT 1 ) and 2 (AT 2 ) receptors in the NTS is confirmed. However the physiological roles of angiotensin II (Ang II) in NTS are not fully understood. We have previously reported that ang II increases the frequency of spontaneous EPSCs (sEPSCs) through the activation of AT 1 receptors and decreases it through AT 2 receptor activation. Contrary, Ang II augmented the amplitude of tractus solitarius evoked EPSCs (eEPSCs) via the activation of AT 2 receptors and decreased it by AT 1 receptor activation. In this report we aimed to reveal the involvement of NO cascade in these effects of Ang II by using a slice patch-clamp technique. The prior application of L-NAME inhibited the excitatory effects of Ang II on sEPSCs via AT 1 receptors but not antagonized the inhibitory effects of on sEPSCs via AT 2 receptors. Similarly, prior application of L-NAME antagonized the inhibitory effects of Ang II on eEPSCs via AT 1 receptors but not antagonized the augmenting effects on eEPSCs by AT 2 receptors. These results suggest that the activation of AT 1 receptors in the NTS induces NO production and produced NO induces facilitation of sEPSCs and inhibition of eEPSCs.


Background :Riskesdas 2018 stated that the prevalence of hypertension based on measurement results in the population aged 18 years was 34.1%, the highest was in South Kalimantan (44.1%), while the lowest was in Papua (22.2%). The estimated number of hypertension cases in Indonesia is 63,309,620 people, while the death


Background/Objectives: Health service utilization is usually described by event statistics, e.g. by frequencies or rates of ambulatory contacts or of hospital discharges for a given geographical area. Linking of patients' records across health care domains, i.e. depicting typical pathways of patients, is not easily possible. However, such record linkage would be extremely important for health care planning and realistic cost calculation, for instance in order to identify typical referral patterns, repeated utilization of the same type of service ("revolving door psychiatry"), or more than average utilization of the health care system ("heavy users"). The objective of the study was to explore the possibility of linking inpatient and outpatient health service utilization data of psychiatric patients after discharge from hospital for the total population of the Austrian province of Lower Austria and to describe relevant pathways of care, including non-psychiatric services, such as general practitioners and non-psychiatric wards of general hospitals. Methods: Austria has an obligatory health insurance system with around 98% of the population insured, however with many different health insurers and patient records in many different data banks. Since a unique personal social insurance number is recorded whenever a health service is used, records can be principally linked in order to identify typical pathways of care. Because of ethical reasons, a record linkage approach after pseudonymisation of patient identification was employed. Among other problems the issue of different semantics in different data banks had to be solved. Results: 4,027 persons living in the Austrian province of Lower Austria (1.5 million inhabitants) were discharged from a psychiatric hospital bed in 2006 and were individually followed up for renewed utilization of health services within 12 months after discharge. 32.6% of these patients were readmitted to a psychiatric hospital bed (two thirds thereof already in the first three months). Even more, 36.4% were readmitted to a non-psychiatric hospital bed. After 3 months, 75% had seen a general practitioner and more than 85% had filled a prescription. Discussion/Conclusions: It proved feasible to link records by pseudonymisation in a fragmented health insurance system. Non-psychiatric service use is astonishingly high after discharge from a psychiatric hospital bed. Limitations of the study include the restricted possibility to identify some follow-up variables in a consistent way across the many health insurers. For instance, it was not yet possible to identify utilization of psychiatrists in an ambulatory setting in a consistent way. Also, by nature of the data available, utilization of social services, which is known to be quite high in psychiatric patients, could not be analysed. However, pathway data provide an important source of information about how a given health care system is functioning and invite further analyses explaining the identified pathway patterns. It is suggested that specific incentives and disincentives of provider payment system can explain some of the findings of pathway studies and that costs might be reduced by better information on heavy users. Funding: Austrian Ministry of Health (grant no. BMG-71603/0043-II/A/1/09). Keywords: Cost of illness, efficacy, pathways of care.


silica support surface modified by grafting by covalent bond of organic groups polysubstituted guanidinium, and preferably polyalkylguanidinium groups. These supports may be obtained by reacting silica with polyalkylguanidinium anion. The residual silanol silica functions can be treated with hexamethyldisilazane to stabilize media. These supports can be used as phosgenation catalyst.


This paper discusses the inference of the variance function of a stock price process, we also obtain the large sample properties.


Taking the construction and implementation of "new engineering" as the background, this paper takes improving the quality of engineering education as the core task of teaching reform and development, continues to carry out the construction of engineering education teaching quality assurance system, continuously improves the teaching quality monitoring mechanism, pays attention to the effective use of quality information, realizes multi-dimensional linkage, strengthens internal and external evaluation, and through the effective operation of teaching and quality assurance system, To ensure the continuous improvement of teaching quality, achieved good results, and provided reference ideas for the reform of engineering education related teaching system.


The grow.ing recqnition of the importance of matching applications and architectures to achieve higher computational speed has lead to an increased interest in new designs for wftu,are systems and architectures In this paper. we present an overview of a system in which the compiler and architectwe coordinate for matching purposes through reconfiguration. The architecture is a reconfigurable long instruction word machine that provides fine-grained parallelism to the compiler which detects and schedules the parallelism in a prc'grani The conipiler employs a number of techniques to transform both the program code and architecLure to obtain a match. The techniques include distribution of parallelism using the notion of regions, code scheduling according to regions and allocation of data into multiple memory modules. Using the compiler techniques and a simulation of the architecture. experiments were performed to determine the effects of reconfiguration and the compiler techniques on the performance of both scientific and non-scientific programs. Results indicate that the reconfigurable nature of the architecture is responsible for a substantial part of the speed-up and also that the major problem of memory bottleneck faced in designing parallel systems is successfully attacked.


Innovation plays a vital role in winning the competitive gymnastics and promotes its development greatly. The author elaborates the NEW characteristics of competitive gymnastics and goes further to classify the innovation.


Urban competitiveness is the coupling capacity integration of economic,social,ecological environment and facilities,cultural and other state.It needs the coordinated development of economic,social and ecological.In this paper,urban environmental protection is included in urban competitiveness system for quantitative research.At the same time,it attempts to carding environmental protection and urban competitiveness mechanism from the economic bearing,social bearing and ecological environment bearing to detect the relationship between environmental protection and urban competitiveness.It is supposed to provide rational choice for the urban environment protection with the theoretical basis and practical information in the theoretical premise of coordinated development of cities.


Cooperation is one of the central requirements for design today. Design paradigms like participatory design, concurrent engineering, and total quality management all focus on teamwork. Cooperation takes place at several hierarchical levels, namely the user level, dealing e.g. with CSCW applications, the method level, working on network of documents, and the technical level offering basic communication technolgy. To work optimally each level has to be adjusted with the other levels, i.e. the lower levels have to offer services for the upper ones. Within this paper we derive requirements from cooperative design on the method and on the technical level. Starting with a scenario where the possibilities of cooperation in design are outlined we develop requirements on an architecture of integrated documents and on the technical infrastructure. Central requirement on an integrated document architecture is a stronger emphasis on the structure between documents than on structures within documents. Different kinds of links together with a broader range of functionalities on these links will lead to global, interstructure-oriented documents. Special user interfaces are required to visualize not only a view on one document but to highlight the dependencies between documents. The main demand on network technology is the provision of communication services needed by cooperative applications. These applications typically generate several different data streams, each with specific communication requirements. The actual mixture of streams and the number of participants may change dynamically during a design session. To express specific needs each communication stream has to specify its Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. Current communication architectures are not able to accommodate these requirements appropriately. In the paper, a QoS driven architecture will be introduced.


In this work, a new and natural food product, stalked barnacle (Pollicipes Pollicipes) pâté enriched with blackberry, was developed to valorise the rejected stalked barnacle. To evaluate the addition of blackberry fruits (Rubus ulmifolius Schott.) as a natural preservative on pâté quality, four pâté sample groups were considered: a negative control without a synthetic additive (CTR), a positive control with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a group with blackberry extract (blackberry), and a group with a mixture of BHT and blackberry (blackberry + BHT). In addition, the effect of pasteurization (80 °C for 30 min) versus sterilization (121 °C for 30 min) on the pâté quality were evaluated. The bioactive evaluation expressed by the total phenolic content (TPC) and antiradical activity by the DPPH radical scavenging associated with oxidative stability determined by thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) were performed. The impact of packaging opening followed by refrigerated storage (4 ± 1 °C) simulating the consumer behavior at home, was assessed. All the heat-treated stalked barnacle pâté samples were found microbially safe with an interesting content of total phenolic, the highest ones being the CTR and Blackberry + BHT, ranging from 58.79 to 55.38 mg GAE/100 g. After the package opening of the barnacle pâté sample of Blackberry + BHT, it revealed a superior inhibition of TBARS (0.46 mg MDA/100 g) after 7 days at refrigerated storage compared to the other samples. These results state the efficacy of blackberry in minimizing the lipid oxidation of stalked barnacle pâte. This study showed the potential for rejected stalked barnacle to be valorised and improve the sustainability of resources.


Abstract : This document describes the research strategy for a series of mesoscale studies of Arctic marginal ice zones. The main goal of this program is to gain a better understanding of the processes occurring at the ice margin. These processes are relevant to climate, weather forecasting, petroleum exploration and production, marine transportation, naval operations, and commercial fisheries. In addition, MIZEX will aid in determining what modifications to existing ice-ocean-atmospheric models are needed for better prediction near the ice margin. These goals are consistent with recommendations made by international scientific bodies, most notably those of the Joint Scientific Committee (JSC) in its plan for the World Climate Research Programme (WMO-ICSU, 1981). In this document the JSC states that for improved modeling it is necessary: 'To study the physical processes affecting interactions between air, ice and sea at the sea-ice margin and to develop methods for their adequate representation in climate models.' More specific details on initial field programs will be addressed in planning meetings in the near future. In addition, it is anticipated that other aspects of the program, such as modeling, will be addressed in future workshops, with the results distributed in a similar format to this research strategy.


Recognizing that the past is a property of value, archaeologists have traditionally presented themselves as "trustees" of that property. Yet they have in fact become contractors who try to divorce themselves from the consequences of their work. The two roles are very different, and there is much to be gained from re-creating the idea of archaeological trusteeship. A trustee is a disinterested protector of property for the beneficiaries; a contractor is responsible only to the signatories to the contract and has no impartial obligations. Recognizing the distinction is crucial to the argument that archaeologists can "make a difference" in how cultural property is negotiated.


A 32-year-old, 67 kg male patient was admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit (ICU) for the management of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) (left frontoparietal contusion with midline shift) and cervical spine injury. On admission to ICU, his Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was E2VTM5 and he had associated right-sided humerus fracture. He did not have any other comorbid illness/was not receiving any medication and he did not have any apparent skin lesions at the time of admission to ICU. His routine investigations and other systemic examinations were normal. The patient had a downhill course in the next 24 hours and required inotropic support (inj. dopamine). Along with dopamine, patient was receiving intravenous fluid: mannitol, fentanyl, midazolam, and levetiracetam. On the third day of admission, we noticed erythematous scaly lesions with central clearing in the right forearm and shoulder, and axillary lesions (►Fig. 1) . The lesions progressed fast to involve the upper half of the chest within next 48 hours. The lesions were diagnosed to


This paper discusses characters and functions of microcapsule briefly,and emphasizes on the applications of microcapsule in papermaking,introducing sorts of the products of microcapsule applied in papermaking,expatiating each of which characters,principles and merit and weak points,at last,prospecting the investigation process of the technologies of microcapsule.


One of the hottest commodities today is a barrel of oil. While the price has fluctuated dramatically over the last several years, it has remained substantially higher than the December 2001 price of $15.95. 1 The reasons for the increase are multi-faceted. First, world demand is increasing, particularly in newly developed countries such as China and India. Indeed, demand rose more in 2004 than in any other year since 1976, mainly because of China, which is now the second biggest user of oil after the United States. On the supply side, geopolitical conflicts have destabilized oil supplies, leading to increased prices. Also, much of the oil is now more difficult to extract—wells are deeper, drilling occurs offshore, special technology is needed for the oil sands. This translates to higher production costs and higher prices for consumers (see The downside). Canada is currently the eighth-largest producer of crude oil at about 2.5 million barrels per day. Current world demand is approximately 84 million barrels per day (CAPP n.d. a), while production stands at about 86 million barrels (Government of Alberta, DOE n.d. a).


The invention relates to the technical field of weedicide for soybean fields, in particular to a fomesafen and clethodim weedicide for soybean fields, which comprises the following raw materials in percentages by weight: 10-15% of fomesafen, 10-15% of clethodim, 15-20% of dimethylformamide, 5-10% of stabilizer N-methyl diethanolamin, 5-10% of emulsifier and the balance of water. The fomesafen andclethodim weedicide is prepared by the following steps of: mixing the fomesafen and the dimethylformamide together; mixing the mixture with the clethodim and the N-methyl diethanolamin; mixing the water and the emulsifier together and stirring uniformly, and finally mixing with other raw materials and stirring uniformly. The invention has the advantages of improving the stability of the clethodimand avoiding the degradation of the clethodim, eradicating weeds in soybean fields completely at one time, having better prevention and control effect on single-cotyledon weeds and preventing killed weeds from regrowing; in addition, the invention also has the advantages of labor saving, time saving, money saving, low cost, simple process, farmer burden reduction, no harm to seedlings and no influence on yield.


We have treated 10 children with pyogenic coxarthrosis during a 10-year period. Over half of the cases were caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Seven cases had other diseases originally, such as atopic dermatitis, chronic hepatitis, and tonsillitis, Atopic dermatitis was observed in four cases, and it is considered to be important for the development of pyogenic coxarthrosis in children. Proper surgical procedures are required when pyogenic coxarthrosis is strongly suspected, because the cases whose surgical treatments were delayed showed poor results and sever sequellae.


Enriching instances into an ontology is an important task because the process extends knowledge in ontology to cover more extensively the domain of interest, so that greater benefits can be obtained. There are many techniques to classify instances of concepts with two popular techniques being the statistical and data mining methods. The paper compares the use of the two methods to classify instances to enrich ontology having greater domain knowledge, and selects a conditional random field for the statistical method and feature-weight k-nearest neighbor classification for the data mining method. The experiments are conducted on tourism ontology. The results show that conditional random fields methods provide greater precision and recall value than the other, specifically, F1-measure is 74.09% for conditional random fields and 60.04% for feature-weight k-nearest neighbor classification.


The most effective teacher education programs with regard to promoting cross-cultural literacy are those that actually immerse preservice teachers in other cultures in other nations for teacher internships (Stachowski and Mahan, 1995). In 1990, Bennett identified cultural immersion as the mode for achieving the highest level of cross-cultural awareness. Paese (1993) advocated the cultural immersion approach by stating that students who participated in study abroad programs developed an appreciation of diversity and how to deal with differences that all teachers face no matter what the setting. While implementing a study-abroad program, Osnes-Talyor (1994) noted that "only through direct human-to-human contact did we stop thinking of people as representatives of groups and begin to respect them as unique individuals ..." (p.8). One of the issues currently facing teacher educators is the question of how to effectively prepare future teachers for an increasingly diverse student population. According to the 1990 U.S. population census, there were over 22 million Hispanics in the United State with their population nearly doubling every ten years (Manning & Baruth, 1996). By the year 2020, students of color will make up 46% of the student population in the United States (Banks, 1991). In an effort to meet the challenge of preparing teachers for an increasingly diverse classroom environment, Ball State University is committed to offering several international study opportunities for students. As stated in the university catalog (Ball State University, 1994), "the university has a strong commitment to cultural diversity and international programs," (p. 2). The course of study in elementary teacher preparation at Ball State University requires the completion of an early field experience in conjunction with a methods course each year during the first three years of the four-year program. The campus laboratory school and the Muncie public schools provide early field experience placement sites for these freshman, sophomore, and junior year practica. Each practicum emphasizes a different aspect of teaching and the contact time with children increases from eight hours during the freshman and sophomore years to approximately forty-two hours during the junior year. Because a multicultural education course is taught in conjunction with the sophomore field experience, the EDEL-M (course registration code, EDEL represents education and M represents Mexico) program was created. This program affords preservice teachers the option of completing their sophomore field experience requirement during the summer semester in Monterrey, Mexico. Program enrollment is limited to twelve students per year and was first implemented in the summer of 1994. While enrolled in EDEL-M, preservice teachers receive instruction regarding preparation and delivery of formal lessons to children living in a different culture. It is a life-experience preparation approach regarding the elements and issues of multicultural education. Program Description Successful implementation of the EDEL-M program is based on the coordination of teaching opportunities provided by the American School Foundation De Monterrey (ASFM) and university course assignments. Following is a description of the learning environment and requirements for program participation. Contributions by the ASFM The American School provides the elementary classrooms in which EDEL-M students are assigned to complete their early field experience practicums. The instructional program at the school during the summer is primarily remedial and focuses on language arts instruction. Students are treated as regular faculty members and have access to all school facilities. Most importantly, students have daily contact with children and their teachers from 8 a.m. until 12:15 p.m. for a period of three weeks. Classroom placement sites range from pre-kindergarten through grade six. …


The authors would like to thank Masahiro Kami for critical reading of the manuscript. We thank Ayumu Shiraishi, Kazuo Kato, and Nestle Japan Ltd. for providing information on enteral formula supply and distribution. We also thank people from all over the world for their support in the recovery from the Great East Japan Earthquake. Conflict of Interest: There is no conflict of interest applicable to this study. Author Contributions: JY is the corresponding author and designed the study. MSY: Performed data analysis and critical reading of the paper. FT and II: Supervised the nutritional protocol. AS and MH: Obtained clinical data on patients. TK is the chief of the Nutritional Support Team and provided general consultation. SU is the hospital director and provided authorization for this study. TW: Provided advice for this study. HS is the general director of this study. JY takes responsibility for the paper as a whole. Sponsor's Role: There is no sponsor for this study.


Mental health education and ideological and political education are an important part of the educational work.The mental health education and ideological and political education are different but interlinked,because psychology can strengthen the scientificalness and predictability of ideological and political education and improve its relevance.In the context of globalization,the mental health education is a means of enhancing the effectiveness of the ideological and political education.It is necessary and feasible for college students to have"Six Construction"so as to improve the ideological and political education work.


Exponential-phase Paracoccus denitrificans cells grown in a complex medium are known to be lysozyme susceptible without pretreatment with outer membrane perturbing agents. Stationary-phase cells are more lysozyme resistant, but simple washing of these cells with moderate concentrations (154 mM) of monovalent inorganic cations (NaCl, KCl, or LiCl), or 100 mM Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-HCl (Tris–HCl) rendered them lysozyme susceptible. Subsequent washing with divalent cations reversed the enhanced lysozyme susceptibility. Cells grown in succinate–salts medium were not rendered lysozyme susceptible by NaCl washing. Supplementation of complex medium with various salts used in succinate–salts medium showed that Mg2+ and Ca2+ supplementation resulted in increased growth yields and in cells that were not rendered lysozyme susceptible by NaCl washing. Measurement of the Mg2+ and Ca2+ content of peptone and yeast extract revealed Mg2+ and Ca2+ were present at 50–80 and 15–30 μM concentrations, respectively, i...


The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not variables effect the length the rubber bands can be stretched , or launched ,or launching an object. Rubber bands are made of long tubes of rubber that have been narrowly cut. In this study rubber bands were dipped in many different liquids to determine if it made them any more elastic, rubber bands were also put at different temperatures, launched ,and had objects launched from them, and the experiment was concluded by testing the fingers a rubber band was launched from. It was found that if a rubber band is in about any type of liquid its elasticity will improve, and that some types of fingers are better for launching than others. The rubber bands stretched were more elastic when being soaked in liquid because the molecules in the water loosen the rubber band making it more elastic, and some fingers are better for launching than other because of control.


A bstract This paper proves that the trend of development of modern transport in the world is to maximize the level of providing the personal use of electric vehicles. This mechanism would also partially solve the environmental problems of mankind. To implement this idea, some global automakers have announced the decision of the full transition of production to electric vehicles. At the same time, for effective functioning of the electric-vehicle market, adequate infrastructure needs to be created. There is a positive trend in the annual growth of the charging-station network in developed countries, that characterizes the charging-station market as dynamic and promising, but mostly chaotic and imbalanced at the regional level. The main hypothesis of the research is about the independence between the level of electric-vehicle market development and networks of charging stations. The object of the study is the Washington (USA) electric-vehicle market, as it is the market segment with the highest development characteristics. To test the hypothesis, the authors provided a multifactor analysis of the local electric-vehicle market and the existing charging infrastructure. A comprehensive analysis of the electric-vehicle market and the charging-station network in Washington (USA) was performed, and the market characteristics were defined accordingly: the degree of electric-vehicle spread in the regional localities; the level of charging-station-network coverage and concentration; the ratio of electric vehicles to charging stations. Authors identified the tendency of the state location to innovations connected with electric vehicles. Clusterization and recommendations according to the level of development of the electric-vehicle market aimed to balance and grow the total electric-vehicle market and connected infrastructure.

https://epj.min-pan.krakow.pl/pdf-147694-76871?filename=Management of the modern.pdf


Key to a sustainable future is the transformative human use of energy and transportation – from a fossil-fuel dominant to a renewables-mixed portfolio of energy production, from a supply-follow-demand to a demand-responsive pattern of power consumption, and from capacity-oriented to usage-based allocation of logistics mobility. Motivated by these trends, my dissertation presents three essays to address the challenges that governments and businesses worldwide face in, respectively, 1) planning infrastructure for wind energy production, 2) designing coordination strategies for large-scale charging of plug-in electric vehicles, and 3) evaluating the economic and environmental viability of using shared mobility for retail e-commerce. Two common threads underlying my dissertation research are 1) strategic decision-making with insights into the operational level and 2) network optimization that takes into account the interdependencies both within and out of system boundaries. Solving these network optimization problems invokes the techniques of mixed-integer conic programming, decomposition algorithms, and continuous approximation modeling. Specifically, the three essays are organized as three chapters of the dissertation:Chapter 1 studies the problem of jointly planning energy storage (ES) and transmission for wind energy generation. Regions with abundant wind resources usually have no ready access to the existing electric grid. However, building transmission lines that instantaneously deliver all geographically distributed wind energy can be costly. Energy storage systems can help reduce the cost of bridging wind farms and grids, and can mitigate the intermittency of wind outputs. We propose models of transmission network planning with colocation of ES systems. Our models determine the sizes and sites of ES systems as well as the associated topology and capacity of the transmission network under the feed-in-tariff policy instrument. We first formulate a location model as a mixed-integer second-order-conic program to solve for the ES-transmission network design with uncapacitated storage. Then we propose a method to choose ES sizes by deriving a closed-form upper bound. The major insight is that, in most cases, using even small-sized ES systems can significantly reduce the total expected cost, but their marginal values diminish faster than those of the transmission lines as their capacities expand. Despite uncertainties in climate, technologies, and construction costs, the cost-efficient infrastructure layout is remarkably robust. We also identify the major bottleneck cost factors for different forms of ES technologies.Chapter 2 presents a hierarchical optimal control framework to coordinate the charging of plug-in electric vehicles in multifamily dwellings. A particular scenario is considered where distributed urban residential communities access electric power supplies through a common primary distribution transformer. We first formulate a centralized finite-horizon control problem. The proposed multistage mixed integer…


With the development of society and the improvement of medical and health care level, the average life expectancy of human is longer and longer. But the causes of lumbar and leg pain are complex. Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is one of the most common causes of lumbar and leg pain [1]. The author found in clinical practice that many patients were misdiagnosed as lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. Therefore, 128 cases of patients misdiagnosed as lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were analyzed, and the report is as follows, aiming to improve clinicians' understanding of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. recovered after treatment of symptoms, lower limb artery occlusion syndrome 1 routine intervention stents improved after treatment, 1 case after conservative therapy; other patients were cured by systematic rehabilitation.


This rejoinder is a follow-up to the recent Family Journal article "Have Families Fared Well From Welfare Reform? Educating Clinicians About Policy, Paradox, and Change." In this rejoinder, the authors offer practical suggestions for family clinicians and related social service professionals working with families leaving welfare.


Experimental evidence exists to support germline mediated non-DNA sequence-based inheritance of environmentally induced traits in animals including mammalian models. Epidemiological studies also suggest possible presence of epigenetic inheritance in humans. Here, an unbiased analysis of available human and animal model multi-omics data is presented that supports inheritance of induced traits in humans. First, in an analysis feasibility survey, physical exercise was identified as the lone environmental factor that affects conserved physiological pathways and induces inheritance in animal models, and at the same time, the effects of which on human cohort sperm DNA methylome, and human cohort, rat, mouse and Drosophila coding and/or non-coding somatic transcriptome have been multiply described. The hypothesis was thus tested that exercise associated differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in human sperm are specifically enriched for exercise associated differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) in human and animal model somatic tissues, the sperm DMGs and somatic DEmRNAs overrepresent common gene ontology terms, the sperm promoter DMGs and the somatic DEmRNAs in humans are inversely regulated, and the sperm DMGs overrepresent targets of exercise associated differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in human somatic tissues. For controlling the analysis, bariatric surgery, identified as an exercise matching factor for which human cohort sperm DNA methylome and somatic transcriptome datasets are multiply available, was used. Remarkably, the hypothesis was supported in all the above pre-specified tests. This suggests that acquired somatic gene expression changes are encoded as DNA methylation alterations in human germline, supporting existence of epigenetic inheritance in our species.


In an IoT space, everyday objects are equipped with microprocessors for data acquisition, transceivers to enable them to sense the surroundings and transfer with each other over the Internet. In this environment, intelligent objects can communicate with one another forming a promising model to offer services that can be accessible to anyone, anywhere, anytime. It has been widely accepted that our daily lives will be fundamentally enriched with various IoT services in healthcare domain. The inherent nature of the Internet of Things technology makes it an indispensable choice for patient monitoring in critical care areas. Along with the incredible opportunities provided by IoT, it also opens new risks and threats. As more and more medical devices are interconnected, they are increasingly exposed to security risks, malware, and user's privacy. The rise in new attack vectors and poorly configured device settings may become a potential target for hackers to compromise affecting the resilience of the medical devices Hackers & targeted attacks could not only impair the medical devices functionality but potentially adversely effect on patient safety. The paper presents on the impact of security across IoT objects. and discusses how authentication, authorization, availability, confidentiality, integrity, and non-repudiation and privacy plays a critical role in the success of IoT.


The invention relates to a pneumatic brake booster 1 in tandem design, and in particular for hydraulic vehicle brake systems, with a housing 2 of a first and a second housing half-shell 3, 4, the interior of which is divided by means of an intermediate bottom 51 into a front and a rear booster chamber 6, 7, wherein the intermediate base 51 has a centrally disposed, circular recess 8 which is 10 penetrated by a control housing 9 or a cylindrical control housing extension and the intermediate bottom 51 by means of a sealing element 11 sealingly against the control housing 9 or the control housing extension 10 is present, having a first and a second movable wall 12, 13, which divide the front and the rear booster chamber 6, 7 in a first vacuum chamber 14 and into a first working chamber 15 and a second vacuum chamber 16, and in a second working chamber 17, with at least one connection channel between d he first working chamber 15 and the second working chamber 17 for pressure equalization between the two working chambers 15, 17th According to the invention it is proposed that the connecting channel is provided as a cylindrical sleeve 50 which penetrates the intermediate plate 51 and the second movable wall 13, the sleeve 50 allows a power dissipation of the intermediate floor 51 in a vehicle-fixed wall.


Over the years, the exoskeleton robot has become an effective technical means in the field of limb action function recovery. In this paper, a bionic wearable upper limb exoskeleton robot is proposed for stroke survivors. The robot is designed on the basis of anatomy and biomechanics. Based on the skeletal structure of the human body, the bones and muscles of the human body movement system are modeled. The skeletal muscle and the muscle tendon are simulated by the tension line and the flexible band respectively. The robot is tested on a humanoid platform. Test results show that the joint motion range and trajectory curve are highly similar to the human body. The effectiveness of the bionic design is proved. The whole device motion chain has a similar motion configuration of the human body, and the drive mode conforms to the principle of human driving, so that the wearer's movement conforms to the normal mode of the human body. The robot is wearable and light in structure. This work will assist the upper-limbs in both activities of daily livings (ADLs) and physical therapy, and improve the life confidence and self-care ability of patients with movement ability disorders.


Orbitides are plant-derived small cyclic peptides with a wide range of biological activities. Phytochemical investigation of the whole plants of Dianthus chinensis was performed with the aim to discover new bioactive orbitides. Five undescribed proline-containing orbitides, dianthiamides A–E (1–5), were isolated from a methanolic extract of Dianthus chinensis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and HRESI–TOF–MS as well as ESI–MS/MS fragmentation data. The absolute configuration of the amino acid residues of compounds 1–5 was determined by Marfey's method. All compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity, and dianthiamide A (1) exhibited weak activity against A549 cell line with IC50 value of 47.9 μM.


In 1919 and 1920, the Junior Employment Bureau in Philadelphia, which is maintained by the White-Williams Foundation in co-operation with the Bureau of Compulsory Education, attempted to give psychological tests to children who were suspected of beingabnormal. Neither the time nor the facilities for thorough testing were available then, but the need for a mental examination of all applicants, whether normal or abnormal, was made evident by this attempt. There were, however, no collections of tests of either general competency or specific abilities which could be briefly administered and yet yield a comprehensive enough picture of the child's abilities and disabilities to be of real value in placement work. There are very few tests for older boys and girls with such standards that when


Time division multiple access (TDMA) based channel access is one of the most widely used mechanisms in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) with its efficient channel access and collision free transmissions at its core. In this paper, we propose a unique TDMA frame format designed specifically for supporting two-way voice communication in bandwidth efficient manner. The proposed algorithm uses single radio channel for both control and data message exchanges and achieves multi-hop communication. As the transmission of control messages in the same channel leads to overhead, we propose a mechanism to share the control slots between the nodes for reducing the control overhead. The TDMA frame design shows the optimized channel sharing based on the periodicity and payload size of a typical voice packet. The experimental analysis is performed on Network Simulator (NS-3) as well as on Linux kernel with Ethernet emulation of wireless network. The experimental results clearly show considerable improvement in bandwidth efficiency over the existing protocols.


The present invention discloses a hair dye, comprising Jiang Huang and tannin material, the present invention further discloses that the hair dye of a commercial package. Meanwhile, the invention discloses a method of preparing and using the hair dye. The hair dye for gray hair black of the present invention, an excellent effect.