A novel linearly dual-polarized antenna array with triple elements is proposed for beamwidth reconfigurable base-station communications. By cutting off the arc-shaped corners on the radiated patches, the single dual-polarized antenna unit can obtain a wide bandwidth of 78.4% for SWR ≤ 2, ranging from 1.63 to 3.73 GHz for 2G/3G/LTE and 3.5-GHz <italic>C</italic>-band (3.4–3.6 GHz) applications. In addition, with the box-shaped reflector and the inherent characteristic of the ME dipole antenna, the average gain of the dual-polarized antenna element is about 11.5 dBi. Finally, by employing a two-stage circuit with several power dividers, a three-element antenna array with a widely adjustable beamwidth in both the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-plane and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-plane is investigated, which could meet the demand of the future smart applications.


This article describes a method that was used as a supervision and teaching tool to assist student counselors in developing client conceptualization skills.


The invention discloses a digital circuit low drop-out linear voltage stabilizer, which comprises a reference voltage source, an error amplifier, a modulation tube Mp, a resistance feedback circuit, an extreme dynamic following circuit and a current limiting circuit, wherein the resistance feedback circuit comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, the first resistor and the second resistor are connected in series, the reverse phase input end of the error amplifier is connected with the output end of the reference voltage source, the identical phase input end of the error amplifier is connected with a serial connection connecting point of the first resistor and the second resistor, the output end of the error amplifier is connected with the input end of the extreme dynamic following circuit, the output end of the extreme dynamic following circuit is simultaneously connected with the output end of the current limiting circuit and a grid electrode of the modulation tube Mp, the input tend of the current limiting circuit is connected with a source electrode of the modulation tube Mp, a drain electrode of the modulation tube Mp is used as the output end of the whole voltage stabilizer, one end of the resistance feedback circuit is connected with the drain electrode of the modulation tube Mp, and the other end of the resistance feedback circuit is ground. The upper limit of the output load current of the low drop-out linear voltage stabilizer is effectively controlled through the current limiting circuit, and the circuit is protected.


Both external and internal bremsstrahlung produced in the {beta} decay of tritium and of tritium-rare gas mixtures have been investigated. The ratio of external to internal bremsstrahlung varied for the different sources by more than two orders of magnitude. From an analysis of the shape of the x-ray spectrum, the maximum kinetic energy of electrons emitted in the {beta} decay of tritium molecules has been determined to be 18 556(6) eV.


ALTHOUGH or perhaps because Brahms has been /% dead fifty years, a true understanding of the man and jL JL his art is still emergent. Historical perspective may reveal the rank and contribution of an artist, in relation to those who have preceded him. But the meaning and validity of the aesthetic experience aroused by the works of that artist are matters each age decides for itself. In his own lifetime, after the appearance of the Deutsches Requiem performed in 1868 when its composer was thirty-five years old Brahms was popularly hailed as a great German musician of world-wide reputation. A quarter of a century ago, when the Wagnerian star was at its zenith, Brahms was generally regarded as a typical German bourgeois, and his music was labeled ponderous, dull and intellectual. Even today there are many who still consider it heavy, uninspired and pedantic. But a decade ago Robert Havens Schauffler in his book The Unknown Brahms started, by presenting a new picture of Brahms the man, to dispel these clouds that had settled over his name. Mr. Schauffler pointed the way toward a new interpretation of Brahms: "The vivid romanticism in this sturdy classicist is daily coming to be more and more fully savoured. ... It is the twentieth century's achievement to discover in Brahms that potent combination of classicist with romanticist that fine balance between shaping intellect and enriching emotion which is characteristic of the highest in art." The standard histories of music pin upon Brahms the label "neo-classicist," chiefly because he used traditional, established


T and B lymphocytes were determined quantitatively in anesthesiologic personnel by the rosette technique. Percentages of T lymphocytes were diminished, while the lymphatic system of the peripheral blood showed signs of stimulation. The drop in percentages of T lymphocytes was greater in physicians compared with anesthesiologic nurses.


[Donations to school libraries from the Lithuanian-Belarusian province in the first half of the 19th century] The article discusses donations to the libraries of schools from the Vilnius School District in the first half of the 19th century. Information about these donations can be found in reports after visits at schools, in inventories of school libraries, recollections, and diaries. Source materials contain descriptions of the state of school libraries, lists of donated items, and information about the benefactors. Among people who donated books to school libraries, we can frequently come across the employees of the school's administrative apparatus, representatives of local noble families, and former students. The sources register mainly important donations. The preserved documentation allows for reconstructing the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the donated collections. The donated prints did not always correspond to the then curricula and were characterized by low pedagogical value. Apart from books, engravings, and notes, schools also received other gifts – mineralogical collections, musical instruments, equipment of the physics labs – which relates to the model of a typical library from the Enlightenment period.


Seasonal population dynamics of Puraquzmperia tenerrima (Linstow) in the European eel Anguillu anguillu (Linnaeus) have been investigated in three localities in Devon, southwest England. The nematode is common and exhibits very similar seasonal patterns in changes of prevalence and abundance in the three localities. The population increases over winter through to late spring or early summer as the recruitment of the new generation occurs throughout this period. Reproduction of the nematode starts in spring. A sharp decrease of prevalence and abundance accompanies or follows reproduction, and infection levels are very low in autumn and early winter. The dispersion pattern of the nematode varies with the infection levels from over-dispersion in spring and early summer to almost random dispersion in autumn and winter. It is suggested that P. tenerrimu is a common specific parasite of eels, especially in small streams or rivers and that insect larvae or species of crustaceans might serve as intermediate hosts for the nematode.


This article argues that researchers can benefit as scholars and teachers by conducting studies in the history of business and technical writing within the framework of the new historicism. It discusses the problems and features of the historical studies literature, explains the legitimizing effects of treating studies as the new historicism, and advocates teaching students to conduct new historical analyses of business and technical texts.


ABSTRACT The vibrational spectroscopy investigation of phase transitions in NdF3 crystal is reported. Spectra were obtained in temperature range from 300 to 10 K. It has been shown that, down to 10 K, the trigonal tysonite structure of NdF3 trifluoride remains stable.


A final call for text proposals regarding the TR 25.9xx document for MIMO OTA testing have recently been placed [1]. Previous documents include the methodologies for several anechoic chamber candidates [2–4] and one mode-stirred reverberation chamber candidate [5–6]. The objective of this contribution is to present the recent advances in mode-stirred reverberation chamber use for wireless MIMO Over-The-Air testing. This contribution was produced with the help of EMITE Ing, a supplier of mode-stirred reverberation chambers for single and multi-antenna OTA passive and active measurements.


ABSTRACT The antibacterial properties of nano-silver are well-known methods to combat microbes in many respects, and the coating process emphasized this phenomenon more to textile materials. With the advancement in promoting eco-friendly methods to synthesize silver, sweet Orange Peel extract was used to reduce Ag+ to Ag0. UV, XRD, SEM, EDX, and DLS were used to characterize and diagnose the formation of silver nanoparticles. The nanocrystallite size was measured using the Scherrer equation and the SEM images showed well-dispersed nanoparticles at pH levels 9 and 10. The treated cotton and flax fabrics were characterized by UV-vis, FTIR, SEM, and EDX to find the proper level of impregnation of silver nanoparticles onto the fabrics. The colorimetric results showed good distribution of coloronto both fabrics. They exhibited an increase in UV protection factor (UPF value raised from 5.47% to 12.95% for cotton and 3.36% to 4.11% for flax). The antibacterial efficacy was tested against Escherichia coli and the treated fabrics showed satisfactory resistance even after 10 consecutive washing cycles. The zone of inhibition was reported 15 mm and 14 mm (after 10 cycles) for cotton fabric and 14 mm and 10 mm (after 10 cycles) for flax fabric, respectively.


The mixture of the feces and urine of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus) was used to increase the perception of predation risk of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae Hodgson) in the field. The influence of the predation risk on the reproduction and behavior of plateau pikas was examined through comparing reproductive characteristics and five different kinds of behavior between treatment and control plots. The results showed that 1) the body weight of the pikas was not significantly different between treatment and control plots. 2) The reproductive period of the pikas extended from March to later August in both treatment and control plots. The pregnant ratio, developed testes ratio, reproductive success and sex ratio of the pikas were not significantly different between the treatment and control plots. 3) The pikas increased their observing and calling frequencies and decreased their moving and feeding frequencies when exposed to red fox's feces and urine. 4) The increased red fox's feces and urine had no influence on the behavior of the pikas when the number of their natural enemies increased; the pikas obviously increased the observing frequencies and sharply decreased the calling frequency so as to decrease the direct predation risk. 5) There were no significantly behavioral differences between males and females as well as between adults and young. 6) The results reject the hypothesis 1 that the red fox's feces and urine as indirect predation risk suppresses the reproduction of the pikas and support the hypothesis 2 that the pikas can make decision by changing behavior to avoid the predation risk they encountered whenever.


Blends of nylon 11/nylon 6 were prepared in the presence of 4.0 generation polyamidoamine dendrimer as compatibilizer. By the change of PAMAM content, the influence on mechanical properties was investigated. The results indicate that the addition of polyamidoamine dendrimer brings about an improvement on the characteristics of nylon 11/nylon 6 blends. Under the circumstance of adding 0.25% PAMAM dendrimer, the tensile strength and tensile elongation of the blend were increased. Meanwhile, the Izod impact energy was also slightly increased.


The invention consists of a data intelligence collection unit, an enterprise monitoring unit, a data service unit, an enterprise diagnosis unit, a diagnosis center unit, an analysis method unit, an expert consultation service unit and a resource login and authentication unit. The invention can implement remote monitoring and diagnosing for mechanical failure, each subfunction of the monitoring and diagnosing system is distributed independently in network, constitutes flexible resource. The each resource unit can be maintained, renewed, updated by technical development institute, through recombining and dispatching relevant resource unit to implement resolution for complex problem. Each technical resource and expert resource can be shared, integrated and utilized in the network layer.


In this study the effects of various structure directing agents on the size, morphology, chemical structure and electronic properties of various (Nano Structured Polyaniline) NSPANI were investigated. A number of chemical synthesis of NSPANI were carried out using various Structure Directing Agents (SDA) like Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS), Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulphonate (SDBS) and Camphor Sulphonic Acid (CSA). The resulting NSPANI were characterised by UV–Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X–Ray Diffraction (XRD) and I–V characteristics. Smallest spherical polyaniline nanoparticles are formed when SDBS is used as SDA as well as dopant. When CSA is used as a dopant, the particle size increases but the morphology of the NSPANI changes from fibrous to spherical.


Background Objective assessment of stability is still lacking in nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV). Objective To suggest immunohistochemical cutoff values that can predict a good response to surgical therapy of NSV cases. Patients and methods Fifteen active and 15 stable NSV cases were included in the present study. A 3-mm perilesional biopsy from perilesional skin was obtained for immunohistochemical staining for CD8, CD45RO, and FoxP3. Mini punch graft was done for all cases, and response was assessed after 6 months. Good responders had spread of pigment more than 1 mm, and poor responders had no spread of pigment or loss of color. Comparison of immunohistochemical findings according to response to surgery was done, and a cutoff value was calculated when feasible. Results Ten active and 10 stable cases continued 6 months of follow-up. Loss of color occurred in all active cases, whereas five patients had no spread and five patients had good response in the stable group. Good responders had a significantly lower level of CD8+ (P=0.001) and CD45RO+ cells (P=0.020), with cutoff values of 7 and 11 cells/high-power field, respectively. No significant difference was found in FoxP3+ cells. Conclusion A suggested cutoff value of 7 CD8+ T cells and 11 CD45RO+ cells/high-power field can predict a good response to surgery in NSV.


Introduction: Cyborg Feminism and Octavia Butler In her acclaimed yet controversial "A Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century," Donna Haraway theorizes women-of-color's power and agency in the so-called postmodern society by using the metaphorical term "cyborg." According to Haraway, cyborg identity is "a potent subjectivity synthesized from fusions of outsider identities" (715). As Haraway states, the cyborg's hybrid nature defies notions of overarching western Enlightenment discourses by confusing and deconstructing ostensibly "stable" socio-cultural boundaries, including race, sex, class, and nation. As such, Haraway's cyborg has no "myth of original unity, fullness, bliss, and terror" (697). It appears pertinent that Haraway considers Octavia Butler, a black female science-fiction writer, as one of the prominent "theorists of cyborg" (714). No doubt, Butler's works concerned with "the hybridity of the android and androgynous, with femininity and reproduction, and with utopian and dystopian past or future worlds" denaturalize seemingly "natural" socio-cultural categories in the manner of Hawaray's cyborg (Loichot 16). Indeed, critics often read Butler's works from the perspectives of cyborg feminism. Catherine Ramirez, for instance, asserts that Butler "redefines power and agency by theorizing a feminist, woman-of-color subject emblematic of Donna Haraway's 'cyborg'" (383). Yet, it is ironic and problematic that Haraway's formulation of cyborg identity is trapped in a similar logical process that the author tries to avoid and critiHistory and the Flesh Embraced: Time Travel, Slavery, and the Question of Roots in Octavia Butler's Kindred


In this de monstration, I will prese nt the Pocket Gamelan, a new genre of inte rac tive perfor man ce by groups of musicians playin g mic rotonal music using mobile phones. The de monstration will show how phones are swung to crea te chorusing and how operatio ns on handheld phones affec t the tun ing of flying phones. I will desc ribe cues that performers fo llow to play the work and demon stra te how to launch musical applications on mobil e phon es. Ideally , the dem onstrat ion wi ll be present ed in an enclosed spac e large enou gh for an audi ence of de legates to wa tch four peopl e swinging phon es. The perform ance space should be level with no obstruc tion from sea ting, furni ture, music sta nds, microphones, projection equipment, etc. and shou ld be reasonabl y reverberan t, free . from motor or pedestr ian traffic noise and friendly to relatively low-power ed sound sources. T he demonstra tion, lasting abou t twe nty five minu tes, will culminate in a performance of a wo rk called Mandala 6 for mobile phone s. The wo rk itself is meditativ e and uses a mic ro ronal scale attributed to 8 century tuning theorist Al Farabi. It las ts seven minu tes thirty seconds. Ear lier work s in this genre, Mandala 3 and Mandala 4 have been prese rned in Paris at NIME in June 2006, when performers were flown from Australia and Singapore to take part in the eve nt. The premi ere performance of Mandala 6 took place in Los Angeles at M icrofest, on May 6 2007. In this workshop , Manda la 6 will be present ed by four playe rs who have no t take n part in any prev ious perfo rmance of the work . The object is to demonstrate the und er lying design objec tive of the Pocket Ga mela n, viz . a sys tem for performing microtonal mus ic that is ea sy to play and quick to learn .


The purpose of this review was to identify the mainstream trends and issues in the biomechanical research conducted in the last decade by critically assessing the scope and quality of the biomechanical studies published in Korean Journal of Sport Sciences. Forty-three biomechanical studies published...


Objective To investigate the prevalence and influence factors of hypertension in Hefei area,and influencing factors of hypertension in Hefei area. Methods A total of 1900 subjects aged above 15 years in one District of He fei were selected with multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method. The information of subjects was collected by questionnaire survey and physical examination. Results There were 468 patients with hypertension were examined and the prevalence of hypertension was 24. 63%,28. 72% in male,20. 51% in female. The prevalence of hypertension was 55. 8% in 55 years and older. The risk factors of hypertension were BMI,age,the amount of salt and central obesity. Conclusion People aged over 15 in Hefei city has a high prevalence of hypertension. The Institution should carry out health education as soon as possible in order to strengthen the self health care consciousness and change the bad life style actively.


Over the past decades, a growing number of studies have drawn attention to the evolution of different fields of knowledge during the periods of German Romanticism and its British counterpart. The fields in question emerged under the headings of "history" and "natural history" 'Naturgeschichte' or "philosophy" and "natural philosophy" 'Naturphilosophie.' They quickly diversified within a pre-disciplinary environment that was about to transition into the now familiar spectrum of the humanities and the natural sciences. Critics have sketched for us a multifaceted panorama of contemporary scientific and scholarly practices ranging from patient observation, through near-obsessive collecting and collating, to bold experimentation. The findings and products of this ever-increasing intellectual activity were represented, circulated, and interpreted in a wide variety of genres and media. Both laymen and experts participated in these endeavors and shaped contemporary literature and intellectual culture through learned societies and educational institutions, through lectures for a general audience, and publicly performed experiments, as well as through a plethora of publications. The research into this heterogeneous production of knowledge carried out within the framework of Romantic Studies converges with recent developments in the history of science "Wissenschaftsgeschichte" or science studies "Wissensgeschichte." Scholars in these latter disciplines increasingly have examined scientific and scholarly discourses (the all-inclusive German term wissenschaftlich cannot be translated) not only in their intra-disciplinary development, but also as part of a wider network of cultural practices and histories. Thus scholars from different disciplinary contexts have pluralized our understanding of the pre-disciplinary practices of constructing knowledge while simultaneously highlighting the way in which these practices of knowledge construction were enmeshed in poetic strategies and highly theatrical performances across different cultural spaces. It need hardly be stressed that this construction of increasingly distinct fields of knowledge was a European as well as a transatlantic project, usually conducted by people capable of accessing more than one language and furthered by translations, correspondence, and even transcontinental travel. This cluster issue of the European Romantic Review will focus on figurations of knowledge in their representational, discursive, and performative entanglements as they appear, especially, in German and English texts of the Romantic period. Individual contributors make reference to the traditional field of botany in the wider context of the life sciences, they address the experimental performances of electricity and other experimental


The study involves the characterization of rock mass along the right bank of river Sutlej, Luhri, Himachal Pradesh. This road connects to several important locations and therefore blockage due to slope failure may cause several problems. Lack of proper geotechnical/geological investigations has led to cutting of the natural hill slopes with improper design. The subsequent road cut slope has made this zone highly vulnerable and a threat to local commuters. The concerned area has varying lithology which are highly jointed and exposed all along the road cuts. The unrestrained slope in this zone is prone to recurrent failures due to high precipitation and seismicity, eventually causing loss of life and property. Therefore, the study helps in understanding the behaviour and mode of failure of the cut slope through geometrical relationship between structural discontinuities and surface topography. Several important parameters were determined to quantify the region based on available and widely used rockmass characterization techniques to develop a proper understanding. This will ultimately help in designing appropriate remedial measures to such vulnerable zones that will prevent further slope failure and resulting damage.


Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of various pulpotomy materials on the fracture resistance of pulpotomized primary second molars. Materials and Methods: Hundred extracted primary second molars were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Control group (had no treatment), Zinc oxide-eugenol group (pulpotomized with zinc oxide eugenol), ProRoot MTA group (pulpotomized with ProRoot MTA), RetroMTA group (pulpotomized with RetroMTA), and Biodentine group (pulpotomized with Biodentine). The pulpotomized teeth were restored with compomer resin. All samples were then subjected to fracture resistance test using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey's test. The level of significance was accepted at p<0.05. Results: Control group had the highest fracture resistance value (1191.57 ± 121.09 N) and Zinc oxide-eugenol group had the lowest fracture resistance value (510.87±135.00). There was statistically significant difference between fracture resistances of the groups (p<0.001). The difference between Zinc oxide-eugenol group and RetroMTA group; Zinc oxide-eugenol group and ProRoot MTA group; ProRoot MTA group and Biodentine group was not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, Biodentine group showed significantly higher fracture resistance as compared to Zinc oxide-eugenol group and RetroMTA group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The fracture resistance of primary second molars pulpotomized with ProRoot MTA and Biodentine was higher compared to the teeth pulpotomized with zinc oxide eugenol and RetroMTA.


In this paper, based on the analyzing the control problem of single intersection, a kind of real-time method with PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization)solving traffic signal timings for a single intersection is put forward. On detecting the flow of current cycle and the cycle before, estimating the flow of next cycle is proceeded. Setting least delay as performance index, each phase time for the next cycle is obtained. A simulation experimentfor the traffic model at a four-phase intersection is also performed. Theresult showed that the method is efficient. For the covering abstract seeITRD E140665.


Let R be a ring with identity and let Ω be a totally ordered set. Let Ω′ be a totally ordered set which is disjoint from and equipotent to Ω′ with ′:Ω→Ω′ an order preserving bijection. Define Ω1=Ω∪Ω′ and let Ω1, be totally ordered by inheriting the order from Ω and Ω′ and with ω<λ for all ω∈Ω and λ′∈Ω′. Let M be the free R-module R(Ω1).(We define the alternate bilinear form (*, *) on M by


Effective mosquito control is vital to curtail the devastating health effects of many vectored diseases. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated control of mosquitoes is an attractive alternative to conventional chemical pesticides. Previous studies have suggested that transcripts for inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) may be good RNAi targets. To revisit and extend previous reports, we examined the expression of Aedes aegypti (L.) IAPs ( Aae IAPs) 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, and a viral IAP-associated factor (vIAF) as well as Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say and Culex quinquefasciatus Say IAP1 homologs ( Aqu IAP1 and Cqu IAP1) in adult females. Expression profiles of IAPs suggested that some older female mosquitoes had significantly higher IAP mRNA levels when compared to the youngest ones. Minor differences in expression of Aae IAPs were observed in mosquitoes that imbibed a bloodmeal, but the majority of the time points (up to 48h) were not significantly different. Although in vitro experiments with the Ae. aegypti Aag-2 cell line demonstrated that the various Aae IAPs could be effectively knocked down within one day after dsRNA treatment, only Aag-2 cells treated with dsIAP1 displayed apoptotic morphology. Gene silencing and mortality were also evaluated after topical application and microinjection of the same dsRNAs into female Ae. aegypti. In contrast to previous reports, topical administration of dsRNA against Aae IAP1 did not yield a significant reduction in gene expression or increased mortality. Knockdown of IAP1 and other IAPs by microinjection did not result in significant mortality. In toto , our findings suggest that IAPs may not be suitable RNAi targets for controlling adult mosquito populations.


AIM A cDNA expressional library from the caudal spine of Dasyatis akajei was constructed into pcDNA 3 0 eukaryotical expression plasmid. METHODS SMART TM protocol was used for cDNA Library Construction and bioinformatics analysis was carried out. RESULTS Fifty six novel EST clones were obtained from the library, in which there were 24 full length clones, including IPL tumor suppressor gene, cyclophilin A, selenoprotein W, cystatin A, tryosyl tRNA synthetase and calcineurin homologous protein. CONCLUSION These genes were mostly first reported in Dasyatis akajei. Further studies may partly explain the molecular mechanisms by which the caudal spine of Dasyatis akajei were often used in the treatment of inflammation, parasitosis and cancer in the traditional Chinese medicine.


A process for producing a pharmaceutical suspension that comprises an active pharmaceutical ingredient ("API") having low solubility, the process comprises: (a) preparing a first solution comprising a carboxy-containing vinyl polymer and a solvent; and (b) adding a compound of the API to said first solution under conditions of high-shear mixing for a time from about 5 minutes to about 5 hours, said compound being soluble in said solvent, thereby producing a suspension of particles of said API in a composition comprising said carboxy-containing vinyl polymer; wherein a concentration of said API in said suspension is higher than a solubility of said API in said solvent. The present invention also provides a suspension produced by such process.


0bjective:To investigate the clinical manifestations and pathological features of patients with primary nephritic syndrome(PNS) accompanied by acute renal failure(ARF),we can effectively prevent and treat this disease.Methods:This study involved 86 patients with PNS from June 2004 to June 2006,which were divided into two groups according as if the patients have ARF :ARF groups and control groups.The clinical manifestations and pathological features of two groups were analyzed and compared.Results:In ARF group,the blood pressure(systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure) and serum albumin and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen are significantly different from control group.The rate of middle and serious mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(MsPGN) in the ARF are more higher than in the control group,the incidence of the membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis(MPGS) was higher in ARF group than in control group.The renal interstitial lesion in ARF group are more significant than in the control group.the positive rate of D-dimer in the ARF group are higher in the control group;plasma fibrinogen in the ARF group are higher than the control group,Conclusion:In the ARF group,the glomerular pathological lesion are severity,most of them combined with renal interstitial-tubular lesion,hypercoagulabsle state or thrombogenesis.or low serum albumin.Most cases of renal dysfunctions can be cured by means of appropriate treatment.The curative effects can be greatly improved if early renal biopsy is performed to get the definite diagnosis.


ABSTRACT A model for describing biscuit checking has been constructed at Loughborough. Using the Finite Element Method (FEM), and relying on constitutive data determined from speckle interferometry and more traditional methods, we have shown that at low relative humidities the rim of a biscuit post-baking expands and the centre contracts generating conditions under which a crack is likely to propagate. The expansion is caused by uptake of moisture at the rim, which is initially dry after baking, and the contraction is due to loss of moisture from the moister centre. The finite element predictions were validated by actual measurements of strains in freshly baked biscuits using speckle interferometry.


In this study, we attempt to detect various concentrations of creatinine molecules on the triangular silver nanoplate films surface using a self-build surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor. The SERS sensor system consists of a butterfly laser diode, Inphotonic Raman fibre, Ocean Optics spectrophotometer and sensor chamber to contain the creatinine sample. Triangular-shaped silver nanoplate films were prepared on quartz surface by self-assembly technique. Detection of creatinine was done by irradiating creatinine on the triangular nanoplates surface using 785 nm of the laser light. It was found that the enhancement of the creatinine Raman peaks is linear with the creatinine concentrations. The lowest creatinine concentration that was detected by this SERS sensor is 0.005 M.


A shooting location positioning method of digital photograph using GPS, records taker trace log at picking-up digital photographs using GPS receiver, and matches trace log with time and geographic position information recorded in GPS receiver with digital photographs with time information. The match is achieved by semblance comparison of time information in GPS trace log with time information in digital photographs. After matching, digital photographs can obtain identical or enough approaching GPS trace points with their time, and shooting locations of matched digital photographs can be determined by geographic position information in GPS trace points. The digital photographs obtained with geographic information can be displayed, browsed and searched in digital map-containing interface according to their shooting location and time.


New figures of merit are introduced to characterize the correlation and the non-orthogonality of multiple beams produced by an array antenna or two different array antennas. The figures of merit take into account the correlation or non-orthogonality between beamforming fields of two separate arrays and the beams produced by each at once. As an example, two adjacent modified microstrip Franklin array antennas have been designed. The non-orthogonality and isolation between steered radiation patterns have been studied for arrays operating at the same center frequencies 77 GHz. Each array antenna consists of 5 linear sub-arrays with 10 rectangular microstrip patch elements. Chebyshev tapering and open circuit stubs have been applied to the microstrip patches to obtain a low side lobe level and better impedance matching between single elements, respectively. The achieved peak gain, minimum side lobe level (SLL) and impedance bandwidth are 14.1 dBi, −13.6 dB and 581 MHz for a single sub-array at 77 GHz, respectively. The evaluation has shown that the same pair of arrays have different non-orthogonality depending on the propagation channel. On the one hand, the evaluated array-pair shows highly uncorrelated performance in a rich isotropic multipath propagation environment. On the other hand, they show high non-orthogonality (or co-directionality ) in a pure line-of-sight channel as expected. Hence, depending on the propagation channel, the arrays can be used for different communication and sensing applications either jointly or independently.


This note surveys a few major questions in the field of decision theory. It is argued that a re-examination of some of the fundamental concepts of the field may have important implications to theoretical and even empirical research in economics and related fields.


The role of the interface in ion-association extraction kinetics of iron(II) with 1,10-phenanthroline(phen), 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline(DMP) or 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline(DPP) from sodium salt solutions was investigated by means of a high-speed stirring technique and a stopped-flow method. The initial extraction rates of the ion pairs were proportional to the first order of both iron(II) and the ligand concentrations in all cases studied; it was therefore suggested that the rate-controlling step is the formation of mono-complexes. From analyses using the adsorption constants and the distribution constants of the ligands and the formation-rate constants of the mono-complexes in the aqueous phase it was concluded that the location where the rate-controlling reaction takes place depends on the ligands: a bulk aqueous phase in phen, an interface in DPP, and both of a bulk aqueous phase and an interface in the case of DMP. The extraction rates were apparently reduced by an interfacial adsorption of...


In a survey carried out from 1998 to 2004 in Chongqing, the biology of the butterfly species Cethosia bibles ( Drury) was studied. It is distributed in a habitat with an elevation of 400 ~ 1 000 m, mainly between 500 and 600 m. Its main habitat is bushes on mountain slopes, though they are also found in broadleaf and conifer forests. The eggs are laid in batches on the leaf of Passiflora cupiformis Mast with about 30 eggs in an egg-piece. The larvae feed on the leaves of P. cupiformis. It was found in a rearing experiment that its larval stage covers 5 or 6 instars and its egg and pupal periods lasts about 7 and 10 ~ 12 days, respectively. Its development from egg to adult takes about 1 month.


In this paper, we introduce the notion of statistical ( λ, µ ) -summability and find its relation with ( λ, µ ) -statistical convergence. We apply this new method to prove a Korovkin type approximation theorem for functions of two variables. Furthermore, we provide an example in support to show that our result is stronger than the previous ones.


This trial was conducted to determine the effects of feeding a diet containing solid-state fermented rapeseed meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal ecology and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A mixed liquid culture, containing approximately 5 log cfu/ml Lactobacillus fermentum, Enterococcus faecium, Saccharomyces cerevisae and Bacillus subtilis was prepared in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. A basal substrate (BS) containing 75% rapeseed, 24% wheat bran and 1% brown sugar was mixed with the liquid culture in a ratio of 10:3. Over the 30-day fermentation, isothiocyanates were reduced from 119.6 to 14.7 mmol/kg. A total of 168, day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were assigned to one of three dietary treatments including a corn-soybean meal based control diet as well as two experimental diets in which the control diet was supplemented with 10% of the BS containing unfermented rapeseed meal or 10% of the BS containing rapeseed meal subjected to solid state fermentation. There were 8 pens per treatment and 7 birds per pen. From days 19-21 and days 40-42, uncontaminated excreta were collected from each pen for digestibility determinations. In addition, digesta from the colon and ceca were collected to determine the number of lactobacilli, enterobacteria and total aerobes. The middle sections of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were collected for intestinal morphology. Over the entire experimental period (d 1-42), the weight gain and feed conversion of birds fed fermented rapeseed meal were superior (p<0.05) to that of birds fed non-fermented rapeseed meal and did not differ from the soybean control. On day 42, birds fed fermented rapeseed meal had higher (p<0.05) total tract apparent digestibility coefficients for dry matter, energy, and calcium than birds fed non-fermented rapeseed meal. Colon and ceca digesta from broilers fed the fermented feed had higher (p<0.05) lactobacilli counts than birds fed the control and non-fermented rapeseed meal diets on day 21 and 42. Fermentation also improved (p<0.05) villus height and the villus height:crypt depth ratio in the ileum and jejunum on day 21 and 42. The results indicate that solid-state fermentation of rapeseed meal enhanced performance and improved the intestinal morphology of broilers and may allow greater quantities of rapeseed meal to be fed to broilers potentially reducing the cost of broiler production.


The origins of residual stress gradients in nanocrystalline thin films, especially the role of grain size and texture gradients, are still not fully understood. In this work, the stress evolution in exemplary nanocrystalline TiN thin films with one and two fiber texture components as well as in homogeneous amorphous SiOx films is analyzed using wafer curvature as well as laboratory and synchrotron cross-sectional nanobeam X-ray diffraction techniques. The stress evolution across the film thickness is attributed to the evolutionary nature of microstructural development at the individual growth stages. While the effect of the smooth crystallographic texture changes during growth is only of minor importance, as this does not significantly affect the dominant stress formation mechanisms, the change in the grain size accompanied by a change of the volume fraction of grain boundaries plays a decisive role in the stress development across the film thickness. This is demonstrated on the monotextured thin films, w...


The post setting and management work is not only the key point of deepening the reform of the personnel system,the improvement of the human resource collocation,but also the guarantee of realizing the strategy of developing talents and higher educational institute.Polytechnic Colleges should fully seize the opportunity of the post setting and management system,analyze the key points and countermeasures in the management of the post setting and hold the basic principles and thoughts of the job placement,combining the characteristics of the polytechnic colleges,to bulid a perfect post setting and appointment system.Only in this way,can we innovate our management system and promote the higher vocational education.


Gaudefroyite from the Wessels and Nchwaning mines in the Kalahari manganese field, South Africa is described. The mean structural formulae varies between Ca 4 Mn +3 2.81 [(BO 3 ) 3 /(CO 3 )/(O 2.43 , OH 0.57 ) Σ=3 ] and Ca 4 Mn +3 2.74 [(BO 3 ) 3 /(CO 3 )/(O 2.23 , OH 0.77 ) Σ=3 ] for the two localities respectively. It has the space group P6 3 and refined unit cell parameters a 0 = 10.5995 (±0.0006) A, c 0 = 5.8850 (±0.0005) A, c/a = 0,5552 and V = 512.5956 (± 0.0718 A 3 with Z = 2. The ten strongest lines in decreasing intensity (dA, intensity, hkl) are 4.59, 100(200); 2.48, 96(202); 2.65, 85(220); 2.99, 52(211); 1.81, 41(402); 9.18, 40(100); 2.71, 31(301); 2.34, 28(311); 1.49, 28(422) and 2.24, 23 (212)


When an application reads private / sensitive infor- mation and subsequently communicates on an output channel such as a public file or a network connection, how can we ensure that the data written is free of private information? In this paper, we address this question in a practical setting through the use of a technique that we call "data sandboxing" . Essentially, data sandboxing is implemented using the popular technique of system call interposition to mediate output channels used by a pro- gram. To distinguish between private and public data, the program is partitioned into two: one that contains all the instructions that handle sensitive data and the other containing the rest of the instructions. This parti- tioning is performed based on techniques from program slicing. When run together, these two programs collec- tively replace the original program. To address confi- dentiality, these programs are sandboxed with different system call interposition based policies. We discuss the design and implementation of a tool that enforces con- fidentiality policies on C programs using this technique. We also report our experiences in using our tool over several programs that handle confidential data.


It establishes the structure of Application Specific Integrated Circuit ( ASIC) + embedded microcon-troller for real-time control system with a typical ARM cortex microprocessor,STM32,and a typical Programmable Logic Device( PLD) ,EPM570. According to the requirements of industrial control on real-time performance,integration level,it develops the control circuits on CPU module,U-disk and other peripheral and rela-tive drivers,proposes the course requirements for Electronic Design Automation ( EDA) ,embedded system and introduces relative course fundament experiments,comprehensive experiments. This system is verified with series scientific research and college student innovation projects.


It has been shown that high-frequency ultrasound (20 MHz-60 MHz) can be used to detect structural and physical changes in tissues and cell ensembles during cell death. However, the changes observed are not well understood. Recent theoretical models treating the cell as a homogeneous sphere did not show good agreement with experimental data. We have recently developed a finite element model of wave propagation through inhomogeneous spherical structures (COMSOL Multiphysics, COMSOL Inc., Burlington, MA) to solve the problem of high-frequency acoustic scattering from cells. We will discuss the improvement to our previous model by using a second-order boundary condition. The improved model predicts scattering by a homogeneous sphere with a 2% average accuracy when compared to the Faran model. Applications of the model to ultrasound scattering by two types of objects that represent biological cells will be presented. In both applications the cell is a sphere (representing the nucleus) surrounded by a spherical shell (representing the cytoplasm). The cytoplasm has either an elastic property with a stiffness less than that of the nucleus, or is fluid, having similar physical properties to water. The deformations of an air-filled microbubble subject to various acoustic wave frequencies will also be presented. Finally, the significance of this work on the prediction of ultrasound backscatter from cells, and on ultrasound tissue characterization techniques will be discussed


Based on finite difference time domain method, the specific absorption rate in the visible human head model exposed to the field radiated by cathode ray tube of computer monitor has been simulated numerically. Computer monitor made by Cathode ray tube (CRT) used for information display is usually in closer proximity, therefore, it is important to consider the possible health hazards due to this type of exposure. As the most considered adverse effects of the electromagnetic (EM) fields are of thermal nature, which is directly associated with the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution, in this paper, we have calculated the three dimensional SAR distribution by 3D-FDTD method. As the first step, we have calculated the incident electromagnetic field from electron beam in acceleration region analytically. Then a 3D-FDTD space of 178 X 235 X 211 was set up as the human head and the digital human head parameters were put into it. Finally, the scattered EM field can be calculated and SAR distribution figure can be gotten. From the results, it can be confirmed that the adverse effects associated with computer CRT is not as serious as cellular phone and the maximal SAR is only 1.6W/kg.


AbstractIt is strange indeed that this one year should bring forth two substantial biographies of the hitherto neglected Anne Bronte. Or is it that some quality in her life and writing makes an appeal to the mentality of the 1950's? Her tendency to "pile it off rather than pile it on," to be "simple, fresh, brief and flat," in contrast to her more dramatic and impassioned sisters, as Mrs. Harrison suggests; her quiet daring as a writer, her advanced views on morals and the position of women, on which Miss Gerin dwells; her accurate, sober, unmisted fashion of writing, its precision and clarity, which Mr. Stanford makes clear to us—are these perhaps attractive to the writer of to-day, to whom any kind of pomposity or hypocrisy is particularly nauseating? But perhaps this is a generalisation which should not yet be made. In any case, the Bronte student need not regret that the work of Mrs. Harrison and Mr. Derek Stanford, published in March, was so closely followed by Miss Winifred Gerin's biography, publis...


In order to alleviate the pollution of thermal discharge from a power plant, the layout of the intake and discharge modes needs to be optimized. For doing this, the main characteristics of thermal and shallow circulation flow would be well predicted, including flow pattern, flow field and temperature distribution. In view of economics, a fine and better unified depth-averaged turbulent model is developed to describe the complex shallow circulation flow. The recommended model is derived from an explicit algebraic Reynolds stress model and has the adaptability to arbitrary natural shore boundaries. The efficiency of the present numerical model is verified by a physical model concerning cold water intake and thermal water discharge synchronously. The numerical results are in good agreement with experimental data, including velocity, temperature, the stagnant points of circulation flow and the corresponding diversion point. In addition, the dissipated energy, turbulent kinetic energy and eddy viscosity of the thermal circulation flow are also studied and their distributions are reasonable.


Research into the visual shape discrimination abilities of compound‐eyed animals has almost exclusively been limited to insects, the crustaceans having been virtually ignored. The two groups have many dissimilarities, having primarily adapted in different habitats to different lifestyles. Differences may exist in visual systems and visually mediated behavior. Fiddler crabs (Uca pugilator), without training, differentially approached dissimilar silhouettes presented simultaneously, demonstrating visual discrimination between stationary, geometric shapes of equal‐area. The strength of response was ordered hierarchically: vertical rectangle, horizontal rectangle, triangle, square, circle. Basic geometric shapes were used to facilitate replication and comparison with research findings from other species.


This study was conducted to investigate the influence of partial substitution of concentrate feed mixture (CFM) diet by hydroponic sprouted barley grains in diets of growing APRI rabbits on their productive performance and carcass traits. A total number of 40 male weaned rabbits at 6 weeks of age, were used in four tested groups (10 rabbits each) during feeding period from 6 to 12 weeks of age. Rabbits in the 1 group were fed concentrate feed mixture (CFM) served as control (D1). While, in the , 3 and 4groups, 20, 40 and 60 % of CFM-Crude protein (CP) was replaced by hydroponic barley grains (HBCP) and will be referred to as D2, D3 and D4 diets, respectively .The main results indicated that group fed D1had the highest significant values (P<0.05) of average total and daily gain, relative growth rate (%), performance index, compared with those fed HB diets. The lowest significant values for previous parameter (P<0.05) were recorded for D4. The percentage of dressing, liver, lung and the relative weight of intestine did not significantly differ among tested groups. Feeding HB diets caused improving in CP content and reducing EE content of rabbit meat, compared with control group. The highest value of economic efficiency of feeding (%) (E.E.F) was recoded in D1 followed by D3 then D2, while the lowest value was recorded in D4.


The defect formation process in dislocation free Czochralski silicon crystals after annealing at 1000 °C is studied by infrared absorption method, X-ray topography, and transmission electron microscopy. Crystals: as-grown, preliminary treated at 700 °C for 2 h or irradiated with fast pile neutrons (Φ ≈ 1019 neutrons/cm2) are used for investigations. Evidence is obtained concerning the generation and evolution of defects. Correlation between the defect concentration and the changing of interstitial oxygen content in silicon crystals is established. The oxygen precipitation process is shown to be accelerated essentially in fast pile neutrons irradiated crystals.

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The contradiction that imaging system can acquire huge amount of image data while communication system can deliver only a very small part of them has become a bottleneck for the small-satellite based earth observation. In this paper, a novel onboard image selection strategy is designed to select most informative images that are acquired by the imaging system for transmission. Specifically, the image that is worst reconstructed by previously transmitted images, instead of the instantly acquired image, is selected since it possesses most distinguishing information to previously transmitted images. Experiment on simulated image sequence has demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed onboard image selection algorithm.


THERE are now numerous studies that have demonstrated that weight loss in older persons is associated with poor outcomes (1–10). Protein energy malnutrition has been associated with immune dysfunction (11), infections (12), pressure ulcers (13), cognitive disturbance (14), frailty (15–19), hip fractures (20), anemia (21), falls (22), and alterations in anabolic hormones (23). Despite these epidemiological associations, there is limited data demonstrating that nutritional intervention in sick elderly patients can reverse these effects (24). The best data for an improvement in outcome with a reversal of weight loss comes from the meta-analysis by the Cochrane collaboration that caloric supplements decrease mortality and length of hospitalization (25). Data by Yeh and colleagues (26) have suggested positive effects of megestrol acetate, and the GAIN (Geriatric Anorexia Nutrition) registry found that nursing home residents who gained weight had a significantly lower mortality than those who continued to lose weight (10). The causes of weight loss in older persons are, as has been pointed out previously in the Journals, multifactorial (27,28). The most common cause of weight loss in older persons is depression (29,30). Other causes include inadequate feeding assistance (31,32), isolation (33), pain (34), poor environment (35), medications (36), and a variety of medical conditions (37). Weight loss from protein energy malnutrition needs to be distinguished from that due to dehydration (38). The Council on Nutrition in Long Term Care has developed a useful algorithm for an approach to the management of weight loss in the long-term care situation (39). In many patients, weight loss can be reversed with the use of antidepressants with orexigenic properties such as mirtazapine (40). The place of anabolic steroids, such as testosterone, for pure weight loss has been poorly defined, and these agents should perhaps be limited to use in persons with sarcopenia (41–47). Orexigenics such as megestrol acetate or dronabinol are useful in persons where no obvious cause of weight loss is present (48). Despite the evolving data and a strong belief that improving nutrition will enhance function (49), improve mobility (50), and reverse frailty (17,18), the interventional data proving this to be the case is miniscule. There is a major need to develop studies in older persons where the effects of nutritional interventions, both food and orexigenic drugs, as well as system-based interventions are studied in detail. This editorial represents a call for these studies to be done. As a guideline for the methodological approaches to the data collection for nutritional intervention studies, with the Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging we are jointly publishing the guidelines developed by the International Association of Gerontology/International Academy of Nutrition and Aging (IAG/IANA) Task Force (51). We are hopeful that this will stimulate carefully designed studies that will answer the role of nutrition in the management of older persons who are losing weight. As always, we strongly encourage letters either agreeing or disagreeing with aspects of this editorial and/or the Task Force's Report.


An expert system for web based collaborative CAE was developed based on knowledge engineering, relational database and commercial FEA (Finite element analysis) software. The architecture of the system was illustrated. In this system, the experts' experiences, theories and typical examples and other related knowledge, which will be used in the stage of pre-process in FEA, were categorized into analysis process and object knowledge. Then, the integrated knowledge model based on object-oriented method and rule based method was described. The integrated reasoning process based on CBR (case based reasoning) and rule based reasoning was presented. Finally, the analysis process of this expert system in web based CAE application was illustrated, and an analysis example of a machine tool's column was illustrated to prove the validity of the system.


The invention discloses a paralleling reactor compensation loop of a transformer substation and a compensation method of the paralleling reactor compensation loop of the transformer substation. The paralleling reactor compensation loop comprises an empty bus which is connected with a first switch and a second switch in a circuited mode. The first switch is connected with one end of a paralleling reactor through a first cable. The other end of the paralleling reactor undergoes three-phase short circuit and is a neutral point. The paralleling reactor is connected with a turn-to-turn arrester in parallel. One end of the turn-to-turn arrester is connected with a circuit of the arrester and the other end of the arrester is connected to the ground. The second switch is connected with a circuit of an MCR-P through a second cable. The other end of the MCR-P is connected to the ground. The invention provides the paralleling reactor compensation loop of the transformer substation and the compensation method of the paralleling reactor compensation loop. As the MCR-P is added on the system empty bus and two ends of the electric reactor are connected with the turn-to-turn arrester in parallel, overvoltage of the bus and one side of a load can be reduced when the paralleling reactor is switched and safety of the paralleling reactor and a system can be ensured.


Microsurgical techniques have now been applied to the problem of acoustic neuroma for 16 years. These 16 years have shown remarkable improvement in morbidity and mortality associated with acoustic neuroma.


A silver surface, suitable for Fourier transform surface-enhanced Raman scattering (FT-SERS), has been prepared by subjecting a polished silver surface to an oxidation-reduction cycle in an electrochemical cell with KCl solution as the electrolyte. The surface produced by this method is shown, by scanning electron microscopy, to be very rough. The preparation of this surface is quite reproducible because the significant parameters of starting surface, electrolyte concentration, and potential can all be well controlled. After removal from the cell followed by washing and drying, organic compounds can be placed on the surface as solutions in aqueous or organic solvents, or by exposure of the surface to vapor. Typically, good FT-SERS spectra are obtained from 0.1–2 μg of sample, after evaporation of the solvent. These experiments were not optimized for minimum detection limits. The technique is very simple, and spectra can be obtained with ease for a wide variety of compounds. Most compounds gave FT-SERS spectra which were similar to their solid Raman spectra; however compounds containing groups expected to interact strongly with the silver surface gave FT-SERS spectra very different from their normal Raman spectra.


The paper considers generator of spatial magnetic field for medicine purposes. One of essential blocks there is precision three-channel power electronics current source, powering set of space oriented induction coils (electromagnets) being sources of magnetic field. The control module utilizes DSP based microcomputer for power electronics applications. This microcomputer is integrated with industrial PC as PCI card. The execution module consists of three H-bridge power electronics inverters, utilizing PVVM strategy. Individual sections of this paper describe fundamentals of current source control algorithms, electrical structure as well as test results of laboratory model of generator.


The research on Dong Zhongshu should start with his achievements on historical philosophy in integrating, inheriting, studying and annotating Confucian classics and observe their central propositions. Dong Zhongshu's thought does not totally depend on political facts of the Han Dynasty but on Confucianism and the philosophers in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States. He put forward the theory of "telepathy between heaven and man" based on Spring and Autumn as well as The Annals of Spring and Autumn. His Confucian thoughts originated from the theories of The Book of Change, The Book of History, The Annals of Spring and Autumn and different schools in Pre-qin Period. Besides, during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, there was a realistic demand in political change and the government wanted to transform from being inactive to being enterprising, which is the basis for the formation of Dong Zhongshu's thought. Dong Zhongshu's political philosophy has not only metaphysical basis but also modern interpretation. It can be called as the management system of modern ecology.


There have been many recent policy and program changes in K-12 education across the United States, particularly in area of mathematics. Changes, such as the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics and standards-aligned year-end summative assessments, require an increase in student-centered, cognitively demanding activities in the classroom. The authors describe an Algebra 1 project that incorporates pre-algebra critical focus areas, Algebra 1 content standards, and several Common Core Standards for Mathematical Practice. "What is Your Time Worth?" is a five-part project requiring students to research a job, find their hourly wage, calculate the taxes and take-home pay for a hypothetical work week, and determine the number of hours of work required for them to purchase durable and consumables goods of their choosing, all while making their thinking and reasoning explicit to their classmates and their teacher—both verbally and in their written work. This realistic, multiple-day, money management activity is a great way to teach important Algebra 1 concepts and problem-solving skills, while keeping students engaged and motivated.


>A study was made of the graft copolymerization of mylar and nylon with styrene monomer, using both a simultaneous irradiation and a preirradiation technique. The variables studied were the effect of solvents, irradiation temperature, and grafting temperature. In addition to determining the grafting rates, an attempt was made to determine the chain length of the grafted-on polystyrene. The copolymers were hydrolyzed and a determination made of the molecular weight of the polystyrene residue. The grafted-on polystyrene affects the ability to hydrolyze the parent polymer. It was also found that the solvent and irradiation affect the rate of grafting and the chain length of the polystyrene in the copolymer. (JAIF)


3033 Background: Circulating cell-free mRNA (cfmRNA) expression can be considered as a compendium of transcripts collected from all organs. It has the capability of integrating functional and genetic information of tissues, highlighting this analyte's unique potential as a non-invasive biomarker in early detection, therapy selection and patient follow-up of cancer management. Plasma cfmRNA is usually made up of degraded small fragments of smaller than 200 nucleotides, very low concentration, and with different terminal modification, these properties make it difficult to detect. We have developed, validated and automated a cfmRNA clinical testing workflow for simultaneous measurement of PD-L1 expression, ALK, ROS1 and NTRK fusions. This proprietary real-time qPCR-based process is exosome-free, highly sensitive and requires only half milliliter of plasma with 72-hour turnaround. A plasma cfmRNA profiling database covering 750 genes in 9 major cancer pathways was also established with novel cancer type-specific characteristics. Methods: Circulating cfRNA was extracted from 400 uL of plasma and reverse transcribed to cDNA. The cDNA pool then served as the universal source for multi-biomarker tests. All target primer and probe sets were selected based on RNA secondary structures. Plasma PD-L1 expression, ALK, ROS1, NTRK fusions and transcriptomic profiling were performed by Circulogene CLIA/CAP-complied testing platform. Results: Limit of detection (LOD) for PD-L1, ALK/ROS1 and NTRK were 1.0 copy/uL, 17.5 copies/uL and 28 copies/uL, respectively. For scoring of PD-L1 expression, based on Keynote trials, we used the 30th percentile Ct value as cutoff in qPCR which corresponded to IHC ≥ 50% TPS; while the 66th percentile Ct value corresponded to IHC ≥ 1% TPS. PD-L1 cfmRNA was demonstrated to be an excellent surrogate marker of tissue PD-L1 protein for clinical outcomes with immunotherapy. In a global cfmRNA landscape, a functional transcriptomic databank was also established, including differential gene expression, classification, functional clustering and cancer type-specific signatures. Conclusions: Liquid biopsy qPCR tests targeting PD-L1 expression, ALK, ROS1 and NTRK fusions are commercially available and filling the gap of tissue-based assays and NGS. Our groundbreaking cfmRNA work has research, clinical, and diagnostic value, and provides greater dimensionality to the current knowledge of cfmRNA research and makes a significant jump into understanding and devising strategies to tailor cancer Dx and Rx.


Both nonreciprocal birefringent effect and variable polarization effect of microwave ferrite materials are discussed in the light of coupling wave theory, and with the help of these effects, a new type of dual-mode ferrite fast-speed variable polarizer is developed. On the other hand, the corresponding optimal magnetization field distribution(OMFD) is researched and numerically calculated, and the analog-test is also done.


A study of the market performance of natural Christmas tree retailers in Winston-Salem, North Carolins, revealed that success was strongly related to location in active retail shopping areas. Christmas tree retailers in shopping centers or areas high in retail sales sold more trees, received a higher average price, and had fewer trees left unsold than retailers in suburban or residential areas. Market factors that contributed to the success of these lots were better merchandising practises, better quality trees, ample parking space, high customer traffic, and better advertising. Consumer mobility was found to be high in the purchase of natural Christmas trees. In all market areas of the city, consumers traveled an average distance greater than the distance to the next retail lot and, in many cases, twice the distance to the nearest retail lot.


Because of the Covid-19 pandemic, online learning has become the only method of higher education learning worldwide. Online learning is efficiently performed when there is a perception of the end-user acceptance process. The part played by online learning in higher education globally has been examined in several research studies; however, the literature did not sufficiently consider the attitudes of architecture students toward technology-based courses (software teaching), especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, this study focuses on accepting online learning of technology-based courses among architecture students at the University of Bahrain. This research's objective was to offer a group of factors, based on popular theories, that should be considered when planning online learning for technology-based architectural courses. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is used to study the acceptance of online learning of technology courses among architecture students, suitable for achieving the research aims. A total of 121 students participated in the study. The results indicated that students' perceived ease of use and usefulness of online learning for technical courses leads to a higher attitude towards using, which leads to higher behavioural intention, significantly impacting online learning technology courses' actual usage. The outcomes will enhance the understanding of architecture students' acceptance of online learning during Covid -19 and help in its continuing implementation after Covid -19 pandemic.


We have reviewed 28 tibial lengthenings in 14 patients with achondroplasia at an average age of 15 years, and compared the effectiveness of physiotherapy and an orthosis in preventing an equinus deformity. Physiotherapy of 15 min a day was ineffective even when the patients were able to walk. An orthosis worn for 16 h a day prevented equinus deformity up to at least 50% of lengthening, and the difference from physiotherapy was significant at more than 30% of lengthening.


This paper highlights unique aspects of social support in a religious context, with an emphasis on the practice of prayer. We first discus presuppositions that drive work in the area including (1) adoption of a "medical model" of evaluation and (2) the corollary influence of existential chauvinism. We next outline how religious groups differ from others with respect to the provision of meaning, the position of a deity, and the practice of prayer. Examining the latter facet in detail, we explore possible ways in which prayer is related to physical behaviors (e.g., folding hands, bowing head, closing eyes) that may promote and intensify internal experiences of social support independent of the actual content of the prayer itself.


. In first-passage percolation, one assigns i.i.d. nonnegative weights ( t e ) to the edges of Z d and studies the induced distance (passage time) T ( x,y ) between vertices x and y . It is known that for d = 2, the fluctuations of T ( x,y ) are at least order p log | x − y | under mild assumptions on t e . We study the question of fluctuation lower bounds for T n , the minimal passage time between two opposite sides of an n by n square. The main result is that, under a curvature assumption, this quantity has fluctuations at least of order n 1 / 8 − ǫ for any ǫ > 0 when the t e are exponentially distributed. As previous arguments to bound the fluctuations of T ( x,y ) only give a constant lower bound for those of T n (even assuming curvature), a different argument, representing T n as a minimum of cylinder passage times, and deriving more detailed information about the distribution of cylinder times using the Markov property, is developed. As a corollary, we obtain the first polynomial lower bounds on higher central moments of the discrete torus passage time, under the same curvature assumption.


Fluorination was performed for open- and closed-end single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by direct reaction of SWNTs with elemental fluorine gas. Structural changes of SWNTs by fluorination were investigated by XRD and Raman measurements. The fluorination mechanism is discussed.


Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has the characteristics as rapid morbidity, strongly contagious and complex methods of infection that request some novel approaches of hospital nursing system with quick responsibility and positive disposal manner. The integrated military nursing dynamic academic information management system is used to administer the human resources and regulate nursing service, adjust the standard quality of care, monitor the quality of care, gather the personnel and take nursing investigation via local network, which are helpful to solve the problem about nurses assembly training. Furthermore, it is helpful to expand the function of corresponding, promote the management of overall nursing, supervise and direct nursing measures so as to ensure the medical work under arrangement.


An approach of imporving the efficiency for dealing with hadoop small files is proposed in this paper,adding a small file processing module(SFPM)to Hadoop,create indexs of two level according to the file names,and use the preload technology to make the indexs into cache in advance,in order to improve the efficiency of file research and access.When merging files,the strategy of giving up the extra memory space is taken so as to avoid to split one file stored in two blocks,which will reduce the time overhead of file access.The experimental results show that this method can reduce the load of NameNode and enhance its work efficiency of read and write files.


DV-Hop location algorithm is very suitable for the application of large-scale sensor network. But it requires the estimation of average hop distance, which lowers down the positioning accuracy. Current popular method is to improve the average hop distance and localization process for unknown nodes through Maximum Likelihood Estimation method or Least Square method. The positioning accuracy of these mentioned methods has been raised. However, it is easy for the position estimation to combine high residual error into the computing process, which will give rise to the localization error along with computational complexity. Considering existent problem, this paper employs Residual Weighting Algorithm to estimate the positions of unknown nodes by improving the calculating mode of average hop distance. For the position estimation with high residual error, we assign a relatively low weight to inhibit its influence. Thus the accuracy and computing process are effectively improved. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can greatly improve the positioning accuracy of unknown nodes, reduce the computational complexity and boost the calculation efficiency.


nental arid environments. Its main component is fine-grained siliciclastic material forming lithic and subordinate arkosic graywackes. Limestones are frequent in the lower member, and in the upper one gypsum and halite are present. Based on sedimentary textures and detailed petrographic studies, nine general microfacies were identified: shallow sea, beach, brackisch and mudflats, lagoon, sabkha and playa, deltaic, alluvial, mud flows, dunes at shoreline of an agitated water basin. The present authors suggest that the main source of detritus was pyroclastic deposits. They probably belong to the heavily eroded Lower Cretaceous Matalaque Formation.


Accommodating multiple nonlinearities in a modular fashion and with no use of delay elements is a relevant unsolved problem in the literature on Wave Digital (WD) networks. In this work we present a method for adapting instantaneous NonLinear (NL) bipoles characterized by monotonic increasing curves. The method relies on the fact that the characteristic of a NL bipole can be described by a line, which dynamically varies its slope and its intercept according to the actual operating point. This fact allows us to model a NL bipole as a linear real voltage generator with time-varying parameters. Dynamic adaptation makes possible to accommodate multiple nonlinearities in the same WD network, ensuring the absence of delay-free loops. We will show that diodes can be effectively modeled using the presented approach. As an example of application of our method, we present an implementation of a diode-based audio limiter.


The aim of this system is to provide full control to remote location where green energy is produced. This project was started for tracking wind potential and energy produced by solar panel in combination with a wind turbine. We intend to correlate and study the efficiency of o such integrated structure in Alba Country. Our study will be support for further projects regarding green energy.


The well-known von Bahr-Esseen bound on the absolute pth moments of martingales with p 2 (1,2) is extended to a large class of moment functions, and now with a best possible constant factor (which de- pends on the moment function). As an application, measure concentration inequalities for separately Lipschitz functions on product spaces are ob- tained. Relations with p-uniformly smooth and q-uniformly convex normed spaces are discussed. AMS 2000 subject classifications: Primary 60E15, 60B11, 62G10; sec- ondary 46B09, 46B20, 46B10. Keywords and phrases: probability inequalities, sums of independent random variables, martingales, v-martingales, concentration of measure, separately Lipschitz functions, product spaces, p-uniformly smooth normed spaces, q-uniformly convex normed spaces.


Haemophilia is an X-linked recessive inherited bleeding disorder that causes lower activity of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII; haemophilia A) or coagulation factor IX (FIX; haemophilia B). About 50% of the patients affected with this disorder have less than 1% of the normal amount of protein (severe haemophilia). Frequent bleeding into joints, muscles and tissues results in substantial morbidity and in some cases becomes life or limb threatening. The only effective treatment of severe haemophilia A or B is the replacement of the clotting factors, which is performed by intravenous injections of the clotting factor that may need to be given at regular intervals. On-demand treatment was the conventional method of treatment that is still administered in response to bleeding episodes including the developing countries. Nowadays, the treatment of haemophilia schedule has focused on prophylactic programmes [1,2]. It is well demonstrated that prophylaxis can improve quality of life, reduce pain and disability and also minimizes hospitalization [1–3]. However, this therapy is only offered to a small proportion of patients and owing to its cost, it may be not possible in some countries. Eighty per cent of severe haemophilic patients live in developing countries [4] where appropriate health resources may be limited. The large number of haemophilic patients in some countries cannot receive appropriate treatment and often do not survive to adulthood. Financial reason is the most important cause for inappropriate haemophilia care in such countries. Iran is an emerging country that has started and developed useful programmes for the treatment and management of haemophilia in recent years. Our clinic and coagulation laboratory in Shiraz is a referral centre for haemophilia in the south of Iran that has started consultant and educational programmes for self-care and self-infusion for haemophilic patients since 1997. In 2002, we decided to evaluate the educational programmes that can teach self-infusion and self-care for haemophilic patients and how their parents can reduce hospitalization, bleeding episodes and also prevent damage in the Iranian haemophilic patients. This descriptive-analytic study was performed during a couple of 14 months period from January 2003 to February 2005 to teach patients with these inclusion criteria: 1. be registered in our haemophilia service 2. be able to understand and can manage themselves 3. have no inhibitors 4. have no reaction to factors. The educational programme consisted of: faceto-face confrontation, use of video types, pamphlets, demonstration and practice of techniques in 250 haemophilic (245 males and 5 females, age range 7–77 years old) patients who had registered in our centre for following up of: 1. rapid replacement of factor to inhibit bleeding 2. reduction of complications 3. increased social performance 4. independence of patients 5. promoting self-esteem 6. save the time and cost. Client education was performed for 250 patients every Monday by interview, with disease demonstration (type, sign and symptoms, self-infusion, self-care and complications) and close observation. Each interview took 20–30 min for every patient and sometimes we have group education especially when children come with their parents. Evaluation for their abilities of self infusion was performed on several occasions in order to ensure that they can do it, and then they allowed infusing factors themselves Correspondence: Mehran Karimi, MD, Professor of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Haematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Tel./fax: +987116474346; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Background: Scapulothoracic dissociation is a high-energy traumatic disruption of the scapulothoracic articulation often associated with severe neurovascular injuries, scapula fractures, and clavicular fractures. It is a rare injury that can be recognized on chest X-ray. Objective: This case report presents our patient with left femur and tibia shafts fracture, and left clavicle fracture with scapular separation indicating scapulothoracic dissociation. Case report: 26 years old male patient medically free, presented to our hospital on 25/4/2019 after a history of road traffic accident, the driver lost control as he was driving around 100km/hr and the car rolled over multiple times, patient was the passenger and not seatbetled and due to that he was ejected from the car, he suffered from loss of consciousness and does not remember the events of the accident and his presentation to the hospital. Conclusion: Scapulothoracic dissociation, although a rare injury, may be life threatening. Priority should be placed on resuscitative measures, as these patients have sustained significant trauma. As threatening ischemia is rare, careful observation is recommended for the nonthreatened limb. For the ischemic limb, inspection of the neurological injury is recommended as complete plexus injuries bear a poor functional prognosis and sequelae can include early amputation and death.


Abstract Free-standing ferroelectric films in a rotating electric field have been investigated. The spontaneous formation and the evolution of dark and bright rings were studied by an image analysing system. Area and width of the rings depend on the extent of the ring system. A quasi-stationary state is possible which is characterized by a ring creation rate of zero and by a defined quantity of rings. The evolution of the systems is mainly determined by the elastic properties of the ferroelectric liquid crystals.


With the increasingly and widespread use and development of Internet technology and network,the campus network has been spread in many colleges and universities,while the security and confidentiality of the campus network construction is becoming the key technology.The current issues are the use of firewall technology and the security and information security,to achieve effective protection in security of the campus network.


use of high performance pyroelectric materials as a sensitive element of catarometers in gas chromatographs enables us to decrease the gas detection limit to 10-5 - 10-6 vol.%. The pyroelectric and dielectric properties of ferroelectric ceramic samples made of pure calcium leaden titanate as well as those modified by nickel and manganese have been studied. These results show that most of the parameters are affected both on the calcium quantity in the initial substance and on the nature and quantity of the modifying agent. The synthesized piezoelectric materials on that type of substances ensure improved physical parameters and stabilized optimal characteristics of the sensitive element of gas analyzers.


A patient is described with malignancy, hypercalcaemia and radiological evidence of severe parathyroid bone disease but undetectable concentrations of circulating immunoreactive PTH. Autopsy showed the tumour to be a metastatic bronchial carcinoid with no evidence of primary parathyroid disease. Extracts of the tumour had no PTH immunoreactivity but had high concentrations of a substance with identical activity to PTH in a cytochemical bioassay. The biological activity of the extract was not inhibited by PTH antibodies but was inhibited by an antagonist to PTH bioactivity.


Urea derivatives that were substituted with a 2-benzylphenyl group and an alkyl group functioned as low molecular weight gelators for various organic solvents and ionic liquids. Urea derivatives with long alkyl chains were effective for the gelation of polar solvents. However, they were not suitable for the gelation of non-polar solvents, whereas urea derivatives with short alkyl chains were effective. Ionic liquids were similar to polar solvents in that urea derivatives with long alkyl chains were the most effective gelators. The physical properties of the formed supramolecular gels were analyzed by dynamic viscoelasticity measurements using a rheometer.


To determine the effectiveness of disinfecting a tooth before performing periapical surgery, phenol was applied to root canals of 50 patients. Culture results were changed from positive (contamination) to negative as a result of this procedure.


ABSTRACT. One of the greatest challenges of the endodontic therapy is dealing with young traumatised patients. This can bring about necrosis of soft flesh and consequently stop the development of these teeth. It is our objective as health professionals to find predictable solutions which will allow these pieces to recover their aesthetic aspect and regular function in due time. In search of new biomaterials, the MTA have appeared as materials which allow us to modify and improve the result of existing techniques used to handle these clinical cases.


Objective:The key objective of this article is to evaluate the intraoperative and postoperative results(both aesthetic and functional) of endoscopic assisted reduction and rigid fixation of fractures of angle of the mandible. Materials and methods:We analysed all cases in which endoscopic techniques were used to assist with the reduction and repair of fractures of angle mandible during the period 1-6-13 to 1-6-15,in our hospital JLN medical college Ajmer(31 cases,Age Group: 19-65).Endoscopic exploration via transoral approach. A secondary port was made transbuccal few cm above the the angle of mandible . Plates(2mm minidynamic compression plates) were introduced transorally, while screws(2*10mm) were placed through a transbuccal trochar Success was judged by the successful reduction of the fracture and application of a rigid fixation plate by means of the limited, endoscopically assisted approach, a measure of the ability to accomplish the procedure and by the evaluation of functional results(bite and occlusion,mouth opening ,post operative x-rays) after 12 weeks postoperatively. Results and conclusion:Rigid plate fixation was completed endoscopically for 31 angle mandible fractures without any neurovascular complications and with only minimal scarring. 30 of the 31 fractures plated endoscopically resulted in normal occlusion,mouth opening and function. In one of the cases, a persistent malocclusion necessitated reexploration and refixation, resulting in a successful functional outcome with normal occlusion The endoscopically assisted approach for the repair of fractures of the angle of mandible is a feasible but challenging technique which offer good intraoperative and postoperative results(both aesthetic and functional)


The convergence rates of the sums of α-mixing (or strongly mixing) triangular arrays of heterogeneous random variables are derived. We pay particular attention to the case where central limit theorems may fail to hold, due to relatively strong time-series dependence and/or the nonexistence of higher-order moments. Several previous studies have presented various versions of laws of large numbers for sequences/triangular arrays, but their convergence rates were not fully investigated. This study is the first to investigate the convergence rates of the sums of α-mixing triangular arrays whose mixing coefficients are permitted to decay arbitrarily slowly. We consider two kinds of asymptotic assumptions: one is that the time distance between adjacent observations is fixed for any sample size n; and the other, called the infill assumption, is that it shrinks to zero as n tends to infinity. Our convergence theorems indicate that an explicit trade-off exists between the rate of convergence and the degree of dependence. While the results under the infill assumption can be seen as a direct extension of those under the fixed-distance assumption, they are new and particularly useful for deriving sharper convergence rates of discretization biases in estimating continuous-time processes from discretely sampled observations. We also discuss some examples to which our results and techniques are useful and applicable: a moving-average process with long lasting past shocks, a continuous-time diffusion process with weak mean reversion, and a near-unit-root process.


The viscosity and degree of flocculation of 20 wt% n-hexadecane oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by whey protein isolate (1 wt% WPI in 0.05M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0) increased as the emulsions aged. These effects were reduced when N-ethylmaleimide, a sulfhydryl blocking agent, was added to the emulsions immediately after homogenization, but were not completely eliminated. Gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed an increase in the extent of intermolecular disulfide bond formation between proteins absorbed at the droplet interface with time. Floes were probably formed initially by noncovalent bonding or bridging flocculation, and then stabilized by disulfide bonds between proteins absorbed to different droplets.


RAPIDLY progressive bulbar spinal poliomyelitis in a patient with pregnancy at or near term may pose difficult problems. If spontaneous labor occurs during the acute phase of the illness and the pregnancy has been otherwise uncomplicated, a vaginal delivery may be anticipated. Uterine contractions and emptying are not impaired by paralytic poliomyelitis, and delivery from below is the best course. However, if spontaneous labor does not occur and if the patient requires tracheotomy and a respirator, and there is doubt of maternal survival, an elective cesarean section is indicated. Although the primary reason for performing a cesarean section in these . . .


The sense of order is theoretically based on Popper's philosophy,Gombrich's scientific achievements in psychology,information theory and Lorenz's ethological research.The paper interprets the mechanism of this theory that human being will intentionally search for discontinuity in continuity when appreciating decorative curves,while the setting,improving and deriving are concrete processes.


The utility model discloses a high-voltage electrostatic dust collector with positive corona electrodes and metal filter screen dust collection electrodes. The high-voltage electrostatic dust collector comprises a shell, wherein an air inlet is formed in one side of the shell; an air outlet is formed in the other side of the shell; an ash hopper is arranged at the lower part of the shell; a plurality of electric fields are arranged in the shell; a plurality of dust collection electrode plate rows parallel to an air flow direction are arranged in each electric field; a plurality of negative corona electrode wires are arranged between the dust collection electrode plate rows and between each dust collection electrode plate row and the shell; a vibrating mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the shell; positive corona electrode wires and the metal filter screen dust collection electrodes are sequentially arranged behind the dust collection electrode plate rows of each electric field; the cross section of each metal filter screen dust collection electrode is U-shaped or V-shaped; openings of the metal filter screen dust collection electrodes face the air inlet of the shell; the metal filter screen dust collection electrodes and the dust collection electrode plate rows are common grounded electrodes of the negative corona electrode wires and the positive corona electrode wires. According to the high-voltage electrostatic dust collector, fine dust coagulation is effectively improved, dust re-entrainment is reduced, and the dust collection efficiency is greatly improved.


We report a case of severe axonal and demyelinating peripheral polyneuropathy with consecutive tetraparesis following the second application of adalimumab in a 55-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis. The treatment provided 40 mg of adalimumab s.c. every 2 weeks. Modest muscle pain and weakness followed the first dose, but the second dose resulted in progressive tetraparesis and complete immobility. Electroneurography revealed almost complete denervation of all muscles of the upper extremities, and no motor response at the lower extremities. The finding was suggestive of severe subchronic axonal and demyelinating peripheral polyneuropathy induced by adalimumab. A comprehensive medical work out excluded the possibility of other etiology. At discharge, methylprednisolone was continued for the next 3 months. Nine months of physical rehabilitation and supportive treatment resulted in a modest recovery. Anti-TNF- α agents may induce vasculitis neuropathy at any time during treatment which must be distinguished from the neuropathy of the underlying disease. Appropriate therapy should be initiated immediately and continued long enough. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/jnr189e


This article examines Danish tourist brochures and other promotional material distributed in Germany from 1929–39. Through an analysis of a number of publications, it traces how the Tourist Association of Denmark invoked tourist imaginaries related to Nordic race theory and Nordic romanticism in the material in a variety of ways throughout the decade. Ultimately, however, it is shown that a certain discourse of Nordic modernity would come to dominate towards the end of the 1930s, also in the promotional material distributed in Nazi Germany, a society otherwise highly susceptible to the visual language of Nordic romanticism and Nordic race theory. Thus, the postwar image of the social democratic Norden was powerful already in the tourist marketers' negotiations of national self-identification and belonging during the last pre-war years.


Regulatory agencies, multinational companies, and contract research organizations across the globe advocate implementation of risk-based monitoring (RBM) due to its perceived benefits, yet the pharmaceutical industry has yet to employ it on a full scale. Implementing the RBM strategy confidently and consistently among all stakeholders requires a shift in mindset from conducting 100% source data verification to a risk-based approach, cognizance of evolving roles, consistent understanding of RBM's underlying principles and methodology, objective decision-making, and more regulatory guidance.


Climate change is a major threat to biodiversity and a major factor underlying observed shifts in species distribution, abundance and phenology. Research effort on climate change impacts on species has often been based on single‐species studies focused on a single season, typically the breeding season, of species life cycles. We test how well winter and breeding bird communities are able to track climate change.


inthepresence ofglucose, were also greatly reduced bythecoating ofiron on thecells. Previous studies haveshownthatcertain bacterial genera canprecipitate ferric iron from astable positive solsothatthecells became encrusted withiron(2). Because similar species ofiron areknowntoexist insurface waters, this precipitation reaction wassuggested tobeimportant intheformation ofiron deposits associatedwithplugging andfouling ofwaterpipes. Apartfromsuchconsiderations, itisalsoof importance toknowwhateffect iron encrustationmayhaveuponthelength oftimethe bacterial cells remainviable within theencrustations, particularly whenoneisconcerned withtheisolation andidentification ofthe bacteria involved. Inorganic andorganic colloids areknownto affect biochemical activities ofmicroorganisms. Insomeinstances (1,8)theeffect hasbeena reduction inbiochemical activity ofthemicrobe, whereas inothers (4,7)astimulation of activity hasbeenreported. Theaimofthepresent study wastoexamine theinteraction ofcells ofanAcinetobacter sp. isolated fromwater andaniron solpreparation. Inparticular, theeffect ofironencrustation upontherespiration ofthebacterium was studied.


Objective
To investigate the evaluation and significance of procalcitionin (PCT) for the degree of infection after postoperative infection of urinary calculi (PCNL, URL).

Methods
The clinical data with 52 cases of moderate fever was recorded more than (≥38.1 ℃)after endoscopic lithotripsy for upper urinary tract stones diagnosed with urinary tract infection patients as observation group from January 2015 to December 2016, another 52 cases of low-grade fever(<38 ℃)or no fever(according to the diagnostic criteria of bacterial urinary tract infection pathogens: no infection or partially unable to diagnosis of bacterial urinary tract infection)as control group.The difference between two groups with temperature changes(the highest temperature), blood leucocyte change, the proportion of neutrophils, c-reactive protein changes, PCT, Urine culture and blood culture was analyzed retrospectively.

Results
PCT and CRP level of observation group was obviously higher than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in blood leukocyte and neutrophil percentage of two groups.As the change of temperature, PCT and CRP of each group also had obvious difference(P<0.05).

Conclusions
PCT has advantages of test quickly, less noise, it will apply to the early diagnosis after endoscopic lithotripsy for upper urinary tract stones, determine the degree of infection and progression of the disease, especially has guidance value on the early diagnosis and timely treatment of bacteremia.

Key words:
Urinary Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous


This paper presents a method for enabling feedback control of a mechatronic system without a dedicated controller by tailoring structural modes of the mechanical structure for loop shaping by design. Structural modes are in general unwanted effects in positioning systems and are by de sign typically well separated from the frequency range over which control is effective. They can, however, also be de liberately integrated to shape the resulting loop gain of the control loop, to overcome the need for a dedicated position controller and enable unity gain feedback. The method employs a structural mode with anti-resonance-resonance-pattern together with a damping mechanism to obtain the required phase lead for feedback control of a low-stiffness positioning system. It is validated by an experimental setup with one degree of freedom, designed for a crossover frequency of 130 Hz and a phase margin of 50 deg. An adjustable electromagnetic damper is integrated to study the effects of parameter variations. The designed closed-loop controlled system achieves a bandwidth of 240 Hz, is capable of tracking step inputs and rejecting external impacts with settling times a factor 2 to 5 smaller than in the de-tuned case.


On the basis of nuclear and comover absorption theories,we have derived out the differential cross section of J/Ψ production in high-energy heavy-ion collisions under the situation that QGP phase transition occurs,and analyzed the experimental data of NA50 Collaboration at CERN in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 AGeV/c.Our theory favors the data well.