Statistical parameters for two ensembles of observed hydrogen line profiles were derived and used to describe the turbulent state of the interstellar medium. It was found that the scale size of the turbulence was about 7 parsecs. Thermal and turbulent broadening was separated; the derived gas temperature was 5300 deg in the broad local component and 590 deg in the anticenter direction at b = --24DE. The Mach number of the turbulence was of the order of unity. At 1 = 87.5 deg , b = 24.5 deg , where the line profile was asymmetric, the turbulence was anisotropic; the larger scale sizes moved predominantly inward indicating that the turbulence may arise in a flow or streaming motion. (auth)


The optimal control of technological objects and processes is usually implemented by computer control systems with complicated structure and relations between elements. On the one hand, it allows to perform the functions of automatic control and regulation, alarms, process status registration and visualization. On the other hand, this leads to a significant complication of the systems because of increased process intensity, speed, accuracy and quality requirements.Use of web services is the most popular approach to solve the problem of integration and coordination of system elements. It is based on the exchange of messages of a special (universal) format between parts of the system and processing the responses.The role of web service and its place in control system has been analyzed. The most appropriate place is between the levels of PLC - controllers and SCADA one. It allows you to receive current information about the state of the technological process and implement the following functions: data acquisition by controllers; storage data to the database; providing data to the operator on demand and it's visualization in real time; monitoring and alarms of process parameters.The web service build with Microsoft ASP.NET has been proposed for use in computer control systems. The key benefit of this technology are: open-source, cross-platform, fast and scalable. The development of web-services in control systems is a universal approach that can be applied to a large class of objects or processes. In the article the web service for temperature control has been proposed. The key task of the system is temperature data acquisition from the control object, to save information to the database, visualize the temperature curve, notify when the temperature exceeds limits.Since the Microsoft technology stack is already in use, MS SQL has been chosen. To increase the speed of development the Entity Framework Core application has been used, which provides a way to interact with data. To provide the security of the database and prevent development errors, a library has been implemented to access the database. It provides two interfaces Repository and Unit Of Work. Repository is an interface for interacting with each object in the database. The advantage of this interface is abstraction that removes dependency of a specific class implementation.The hardware of control system consists of programmable platform Arduino and such modules: Arduino Uno – the platform on the Atmega 328 microcontroller with built-in interface SPI, I2C, UART, 5 analog inputs and 13 discrete built-in power lines 3.3 and 5 V; MAX6675 - signal conversion module (12-bit ADC); thermocouple type K; ESP8266-01 - module with Wi-Fi interface; DS3132 - real time clock module.The modules interact according to the following algorithm: Arduino calls the thermocouple module and remembers the value, then calls the time module and forms a data period in which it places the time and temperature value. The controller module transmits data to the ESP8266-01 via a programmed UART interface. The Wi-Fi module reads data on the UART bus, forms HTTP request headers and sends JSON text to the server.Thus, web service for SCADA-level has been developed. The control object based on the Arduino hardware platform has been simulated. The developed web service provides the necessary level of security, high indicators of convenience of the human-machine interface, allows to analyze the object and track the past state of the system.


Background:
 Hypertension increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Literature describing associations between depression and blood pressure is inconsistent, potentially due to differing associations by sex. Veterans have high burdens of both depression and hypertension, respectively, and thus are a critical population in which to understand possible individual differences. Thus, among Veterans, we estimated the association between depression and hypertension and determined if this differs by sex.

 Methods:
 We used 2001-2017 nationwide Veterans Health Administration data from Veterans who served in support of conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq. Major depressive disorder (MDD), mild depression, or no depression (reference group) were defined based on ICD-9/ICD-10-CM codes. Multivariable logistic regression models tested if depression status (independent variable) affected the risk of hypertension (dependent variable; defined as ≥2 blood pressure readings ≥140 systolic or ≥90 diastolic), controlling for sociodemographic factors, smoking, and comorbid mental health conditions. The adjusted model was also stratified by sex.

 Results:
 Among 761,627 Veterans (13.0% women; median age [interquartile range]= 29.5 [25.2-39.2] years), 24.1% had MDD, 18.8% mild depression, and 57.1% no depression. MDD was more prevalent for women than men (32.4% vs. 22.8%;
 p
 <0.001). Hypertension was more common among Veterans with MDD (48.6%), compared to those with mild depression (40.7%) or no depression (28.0%;
 p
 <0.001). In adjusted analyses, those with MDD had a 2.46xgreater risk of hypertension (95% CI, 2.43-2.49) and those with mild depression had 1.76xgreater risk (95% CI, 1.73-1.78) vs. those with no depression. In sex-stratified analyses, adjusted odds ratios were similar for women and men (MDD: 2.43 for women, 2.46 for men; mild depression: 1.74 for women, 1.75 for men).

 Conclusion:
 Both major and minor depression are associated with an increased risk of hypertension, with similar risk observed for women and men. Given the high burden of both depression and hypertension in this younger population, the potential long-term health implications of these conditions may warrant targeted intervention to prevent cardiovascular disease.


An accurate 3-D wireless local positioning system (LPS) is a highly demanded tool for increasing safety in, e.g., emergency response and security operations. An LPS is an attractive approach that can meet stringent requirements and can achieve acceptable accuracies for a long time during extended operations in global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-denied environments. In this work, three closed-form (CF) least squares (LS) algorithms were considered, where two of them were adapted to exploit the knowledge about nuisance parameters for accurate 3-D positioning based on time difference of arrival (TDoA) measurements. The algorithms utilize the single set (SS) of the TDoA measurements, an extended SS (ExSS) of the TDoA measurements, or the full set (FS) of the TDoA measurements, and were denoted, respectively, as the CFSSLS, CFExSSLS, and CFFSLS solutions. The performance of the algorithms was investigated with simulations and real-world measurements, where the wireless system transmitters were placed in a quasi-coplanar arrangement. At moderate to high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels, the CFSSLS solution has the best performance, followed by the CFExSSLS solution and then by the CFFSLS solution. At low SNR levels, the CFFSLS algorithm outperformed the other two algorithms. Both the CFSSLS and CFFSLS solutions estimate nuisance parameters that are utilized in refining the vertical position estimate of the receiver. The CFFSLS solution delivers more accurate refined vertical position estimates since it utilizes more nuisance parameters, i.e., more information. The experimental results confirmed the simulation study in which the CFFSLS algorithm outperformed the other two algorithms, where the experimental environment was dominated by total non-line-of-sight (NLoS) conditions and low SNR levels at the receiver to be located. Therefore, it is recommended to use the FS TDoA measurements for 3-D positioning in bad signal conditions, such as high noise levels and NLoS propagation.


Historical memory is one of the foundations of man's awareness of his I in family genealogy and in the history of his people, the understanding of our we in the national and cultural unity of the country. Its role is especially important in the formation of citizens' value attitude to the native land at present, when the Russian society experiences the transformation of cultural values, social institutions and moral behaviour regulators, when the relations between citizens and the state are transformed. The author tells that today there is no single definition of historical memory, and the term is often considered as the synonym of historical consciousness, and not only gives the examples of the interpretations of the notions historical memory and historical consciousness, but also undertakes the attempt to relate these notions to each other.


Security and privacy concerns are still major issues during the adoption of cloud services. Software service developers face new challenges to solve this problem. To establish the software-as-a-service and to address privacy and security concerns of customers, providers can use the suggested hybrid cloud architecture to outsource the data persistence layer. By this approach, neither customer nor provider have to trust an arbitrary public cloud service provider. The approach offers a tradeoff between higher privacy and security for less flexibility and scalability in consideration of costs and therefore its application in practice. Test results of the implemented prototype demonstrate the practical suitability, but show the limitations as well. Besides focusing on functional requirements like privacy and scalability, also non-functional demands such as independency from special software or hardware needs and the minimal migration effort, have been considered. Keywords-Hybrid Cloud; Privacy; Cloud Security; Architecture; Software-as-a-Service; Key Management


Abstract A model, describing the electric field dependence of the dielectric constant of ferroelectric ceramics of tetragonal or rhombohedral symmetry, is presented. Perovskite type ferroelectric ceramics of tetragonal symmetry have two types of domains: 90° and 180° domains, while those with rhombohedral symmetry have three types: 71°, 109° and 180°. Since the dielectric behaviour of 71° and 109° domains in rhombohedral phase is actually similar to 90° domains in tetragonal phase, it is sufficient to take into account, for both symmetries, two types of domains: 90° and 180°. The ceramic is composed of a large number of domains of the two kinds. In the model, the coercive fields of these domains are described by two distribu- tion functions. The number of 180° and 90° switchings, caused by applying external d.c. field, is determined by the values of the distribution functions at various field values. This enables one to calculate the electric field dependence of the incremental dielectric constant. As a r...


Starting from the disadvantages of the polystyrene system – the most important being that they are not biodegradable and their life cycle is relatively small, up to fifteen years – there were conceived several structures for outside walls made of perforated bricks vertically disposed and filled with granular materials. In this manner the thermal resistance is improved knowing that in gaps bigger than twenty millimeters there appear convective streams which substantially decrease the isolation properties of the houses. Another aspect that was studied deals with the improvement of indoor air temperature during summer period. This temperature can also be obtained by using two unconventional solutions. First of them is given by the utilization of geothermal energy, and the second one represents the heat absorption phenomenon through water vaporizations. Using these ideas there were considered different methods for heat transfer from an area to another by using some devices that allow fluids to pass through different aggregation forms.


The design of a robust helipad detection algorithm for a small unmanned helicopter is presented. A novel normalized wavelet descriptor (NWD) is proposed for invariant helipad detection. The performance of the NWD is compared to the performances of geometric moments and the Fourier descriptor using a helipad image database.


The control of the chemical composition of aluminum-based cathodes of the VSDP brand requires a lot of production time, as well as the availability of expensive equipment, which is not suitable for the control of the alloy composition during its smelting. The purpose of this study is to develop a technology for reference material (RM) production for spectral analysis of the VSDP-16 aluminum alloy, which meets the requirements for stability and chemical homogeneity. The RM certified values should cover the alloying range of the alloy for constructing correct calibrations in the calibration of spectrometers.The RM production technology included: melting of ingots of charge bars from the VSDP-16 alloy in a vacuum induction furnace; atomization of bars to aluminum powder; hot pressing of the resulting powder in a graphite mold on a hot pressing unit at a sintering temperature of 600C and a pressure of 20 MPa (62 kN); mechanical processing of the obtained bars. In the course of the study, the processing methods of RM melting were tested by introducing the main alloying elements and impurities. The RM homogeneity study was carried out, and it was found that the homogeneity characteristic of Sн for alloying elements is less than 1 % of the certified value, which suggests a good distribution of elements in the bulk. The study of the RM chemical composition showed that the content of elements varies and allows the RM application for calibration of spectral equipment. Calibration dependences are constructed based on optical-emission and X-ray fluorescence analyzers. Dependences are linear, which makes it possible to apply RM for calibration of spectral equipment. The developed RM is appropriate for the optical-emission method of analysis, which does not include the dissolution of samples in acids. This allows to reduce labor intensity compared to the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission method by ~3 times and energy consumption by ~3.5 times.As a result of the study, a set of certified reference materials was developed for the spectral analysis of the VSDP-16 aluminum alloy GSO 11696–2021, the certified values of which are traceable to the unit of mass fraction by direct measurements on the State Primary Standard of units of mass (molar) fraction and mass (molar) concentration of components in liquid and solid substances and materials based on spectral methods GET 196-2015.


Airborne lidar technology has redefined the realm of topographic surveying and mapping. With data collection rates increasing to hundreds of kilohertz, advanced lidar systems deliver unprecedented data collection rates and point density measurements, turning airborne surveying into a quick, efficient and highly productive technology. Along with industry efforts to continuously improve data collection efficiency, resolution and accuracy, there has also been a growing demand for a more compact, robust and light-weight system for lowand mid-altitude airborne surveys in order to maximize the efficiency of data collection missions. This paper presents field study results from a new airborne lidar system developed by Optech Incorporated the ALTM Orion, the world's most compact complete airborne lidar solution. It will be demonstrated that the ALTM Orion offers the most efficient data collection in the industry, providing a combination of the highest data collection rate, a uniquely advantageous scan pattern, and— owing to its remarkably compact, lightweight and energy-efficient design—unprecedented flexibility with various installation platforms. New advances in Optech's time-of-flight electronics and laser design have facilitated measurement precision that raises the bar for what is commonly expected from raw lidar data quality. The data accuracy and precision demonstrated in the field study surpass the best performance characteristics of any advanced lidar system. The quality of small object detection is characterized by a newly developed approach in quantifying the distribution of 3D point clouds comprising small objects. The field study results on data accuracy and precision are discussed in the context of setting new data quality and accuracy standards in the lidar industry.


Respiratory motion is a challenging factor for image acquisition, image-guided procedures and perfusion quantification using contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the abdominal and thoracic region. In order to reduce the influence of respiratory motion, respiratory correction methods were investigated. In this paper we propose a novel, cluster-based respiratory correction method. In the proposed method, we assign the image frames of the corresponding respiratory phase using spectral clustering firstly. And then, we achieve the images correction automatically by finding a cluster in which points are close to each other. Unlike the traditional gating method, we don't need to estimate the breathing cycle accurate. It is because images are similar at the corresponding respiratory phase, and they are close in high-dimensional space. The proposed method is tested on simulation image sequence and real ultrasound image sequence. The experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposed method in quantitative and qualitative.


A frontal-analysis numerical-scoring system employed by the Air Weather Service to obtain a more uniform frontal analysis by different forecasters working with identical data is outlined., Although the system is not a substitute for meteorological knowledge and professional experience, it serves as a means to assure the habit of adequate consideration of all factors involved in frontal analysis.


The plankton samples collected during the research cruises of R. V. Varuna along the southwest coast of India in 1963 contained males, females and juvenile specimens of B. lacunosa (Moller), one of the lesser known bathypelagic ostracods, the male of which has remained undescribed. Mailer's (1908) original description of B. lacunosa is also incomplete in some respects being based on a juvenile female
obtained at 66° 2/ 9'/ S, 89° 38/ E in the Antarctic waters. This note embodies a redescription of the species based on adult males and females and confirms its earlier
record (George, 1967) from Indian Seas.


This study aimed to quantify effects of food mouthful size on eating effort while masticating solid foods represented by five hydrocolloid gels varying in texture by means of electromyography (EMG). Eleven subjects ate 3 (S) and 6 (L) mL mouthfuls of five gel samples in their normal way without any designated conditions. EMG activities from both masseter muscles, as jaw-closing muscles, and the suprahyoid muscles, as the jaw-opening muscles, were recorded during free eating. Differences in EMG variables were analyzed separately before the first swallow and during the entire oral processing until the last swallow. When food size was halved from L to S, entire time of oral processing, the number of chews, and the number of swallows were approximately 0.7 times more than those for L gels. The sum of muscle activities was determined by both the jaw-closing and jaw-opening muscles, and the relative values for S gels were about 0.8 of the L gels. EMG variables per chewing motion were not significantly different between S and L gels. Those observations were found to be similar for the five different gel types. These results suggest that the mastication effort can be estimated quantitatively for hydrogels with wide range of texture if a small enough mouthful size is consumed. The mastication effort for L gels was 1.4 times greater than that of S gels; however, it was never greater than 2 times the S gels.


This paper studies risk elimination of risk in the current bid evaluation process, addressing the problem of frequent accidents and disadvantages of the popular "lowest-price" bid policy. Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), a systematic analysis techn...


A solid-state NMR study of three diazadiphosphetidines with fluorine substituents has been carried out in order to obtain information on structural and dynamic properties. The 19F and 31P spectra are discussed in relation to X-ray results. The NMR data depend on the substituents at both the phosphorus and nitrogen positions, and motional properties observed in solution-state NMR are slowed in the solid state, but can still be investigated. Axial and equatorial fluorine positions have been distinguished by (fluorine) chemical shift, effective shielding anisotropies and isotropic (JPF) coupling for (PhF2PNMe)2 at ambient probe temperature. Axial ⇆ equatorial exchange is also shown to be slowed on the NMR timescale for (F3PNPh)2 at low temperature. Analysis of spinning sideband manifolds has yielded data on effective shielding anisotropies for both 31P and 19F spectra. Triple resonance 31P-{19F, 1H} experiments have allowed the determination of true shielding tensor parameters. For (Ph2FPNMe)2 a triple-fit procedure has provided additional data, though not to high accuracy. Static 19F and 31P spectra, MAS 13C and 15N spectra and some relaxation times are also reported and discussed.


BENJAMIN BRODIE was elected into the Royal Society on 15 February 1810, aged 26, and was Croonian Lecturer in 1810 and 1813. FIc was awarded the Copley Medal, its youngest recipient, in 1811, and by 1814 had contributed six papers to the Philosophical Transactions (1). Brodie had been an Assistant Surgeon to St George's Hospital since 1808, and after 1813 his private practice grew rapidly. Since he continued assiduous in his hospital work as surgeon and teacher, the greater part of his life was taken up by a supremely successful surgical career, which culminated in his Presidency of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1844. He did no further original scientific work, but attended the Royal Society's meetings regularly and was chairman of its Committee on Zoology and Animal Physiology 1838-1849. He was elected President in 1858, aged 75, the first surgeon to receive this honour which he 'prized beyond any peerage'. He resigned in November 1861, when his strength and sight failed, and died on 21 October L862. Lister is the only other surgeon who has been President (1895-1900), though Huxley (President 1881-5) had begun his career as a naval surgeon.


ASTI Interactive Billboard (AIB) is a system intended for thematic social events like conferences, concerts, acoustic nights, etc. utilizing wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth Wireless Technology and Short Messaging System (SMS). This system receives multimedia files (pictures, messages, video clips, etc.) from users, processes this together with other multimedia contents (live video feed, etc) and shares in a customizable public display. The system has a modular architecture and functions like filtering is integrated dependent on the requirement of the event. The system has been deployed in different social events with different themes. Through these different deployments, information regarding the feasibility, possible social impact and usage, and user profiles were acquired and analyzed.


A method is described for designing a single mode CO2 laser cavity of high Fresnel number which oscillates in the fundamental transverse mode and a single longitudinal mode. A short, large bore cavity was constructed which oscillates in the TEM00 mode without the use of intracavity irises. The radii of curvature of the reflectors were designed using the Gaussian beam equations of Kogelnik and Li and an experimentally determined mode selection parameter.


The behaviour of multi-nail moment resisting Joints tested at Auckland University has been found to be influenced by a number of factors, which Include nail pattern, plate type and the properties of the timber in the joint region. The influence of these factors on joint strength and stiffness will be discussed and suggestions will be made on the design of Joints to ensure there is adequate reliability and strength.


The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of external and internal factors (EF and IF, respectively) on attention during exercise on a cross test in elderly inpatients with respect to physical and attention functions. The subjects were 27 elderly inpatients with orthopedic diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, or disuse syndrome (mean age, 77.8±8.8 years). They were randomly divided into two groups, and instructed to pay attention in different directions for a cross test. Measurement was conducted in a pretest, during a 14-day period of practice, during a 7-day period of discontinuation, and in a post-test. In the EF group, the subjects were instructed to place their body weight on the floor while paying attention to the floor. In the IF group, they were instructed to tilt their whole body while paying attention to the body. The physical function was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go Test, attention using the Trail Making Test Part-A. In the EF and IF groups, the physical and attention functions were lower than the reference ranges, and a cross test showed a significant improvement in the EF group both 7 days and post-test. On the other hand, there were no correlations between the improvement rating for the cross test in preand post-tests in the EF and IF groups and physical and attention functions. These results suggest that the use of EF improves the cross test in patients with mild physical, attention hypofunction, promoting exercise learning. Jpn J Phys Fitness Sports Med, 66(4): 301-309 (2017)


An extensive thematic environmental program was implemented during the 2020 field season of the «floating universities» expedition. Work of the expedition is based on «learning through research» and «enlightenment through research» principles. The expedition worked through several thematic blocks: bioecological, geoecological and urban-ecological, paleoecological, and one dedicated to life safety and a healthy lifestyle. Each direction has the implemented curriculum: a set of field lectures (on the shipboard and in field camps), master classes (on natural and natural-anthropogenic objects), practical classes and laboratory mini-workshops. Scientific and methodological innovations were tested within each event. At the same time, profound impact on collection samples gathering for planned paleoecological and ecological-urban researches was implemebted for the youth participated in the expedition and the local population. Also, the intermuseum exhibitions organization was furnished assistance.


A comparison was made of difference spectra induced by adding diphenylhydantoin (DPH), phenobarbital, benzphetamine or aniline to suspensions of hepatic microsomes from control vs . rats pretreated with enzyme stimulators (inducers) DPH, phenobarbital, DDT or 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC). Studies were also made of the effects on difference spectra of adding inducers in vitro to hepatic microsomes from untreated rats. Where possible, measurement of levels of residual inducer in microsomes from inducer-pretreated rats was also made. Most of the interactions documented could be explained on the basis of interactions between ligands competing for microsomal binding sites (cytochrome P-450?). The more strongly binding ligands ( e.g ., benzphetamine, aniline) could overcome (displace) the weaker binding ligands ( e.g ., DPH or phenobarbital). A marked exception occurred with aniline-induced (type II) difference spectra with hepatic microsomes from 3-MC-pretreated rats compared with effects of 3-MC added in vitro to microsomes from control rats: δA max and K 8 responded in opposite directions in these two cases. In microsomes from the 3-MC-treated rat, simple competition between aniline and residual 3-MC for binding sites could not explain all the results, although that can explain the interaction of type I ligands ( e.g. , benzphetamine) and microsomes from 3-MC-treated rats. Thus, many of the changes in microsomal difference spectra (with various ligands) that appear to result from enzyme induction may be associated with the presence of residual inducer in these microsomes. Relatively high concentrations of phenobarbital and DPH had to be added in vitro to suspensions of hepatic microsomes in order to obtain concentrations in these microsomes comparable to those in microsomes from animals treated with phenobarbital or DPH as inducers.


These photo-induced reactionsinvolve ring-opening (spiropyrans), cis-trans isomerization(azobenzene), phenyl migration (phenoxyquinones), andring-closure (bisthienylethene). In general, the photo-gene-rated isomers return to the initials upon visible light irradia-tion. Among the photochromic compounds, diarylethenederivatives are one of the most appealing materials becauseof their remarkably high photo-reactivity, photofatigue re-sistance, short response time as well as absence of thermalisomeriazation and large change in their optical and electronicproperties upon irradiation with UV and visible light.


The availability of valid and reliable tool to assess turnover intent in any organization is essential.  This study aimed to translate turnover intention scale in Urdu for employees working in diverse organizations (universities, banks, and hospitals). For this purpose, forward and backward translation methods were adopted. After determining cross language validation, factor validity was confirmed through Confirmatory factor analysis. Sample for Confirmatory factor analysis was consisted of 350 employees taken from diverse organizations. Sample age range was 22 to 60 years. The findings of Confirmatory factor analysis supported single factor structure of turnover intention scale with good fit model with Root mean square error .04. The alpha reliability coefficient of the Urdu version turnover intention scale was ?= .87. The findings also showed that turnover intention scale is a promising assessment tool having high validity and reliability.


The present invention relates to a variable-volume variable-flow heat pump water heater. It includes the following several portions: variable-volume compressor system, outdoor heat exchanger, outdoor fan, by-pass electromagnetic valve, four-way valve, vapor-liquid separator, electronic expansion valve, exhaust temperature probe, environment temperature probe, external disk temperature probe, suction air temperature probe, outdoor controller, indoor control plate, control panel, indoor heat exchanger, heat-insulating water storage tank, water outlet temperature probe, internal disk temperature probe, water outlet tube, water inlet tube and correspondent refrigerant pipeline and communication line. Said invention uses the leaving water temperature as object, utilizes compressor/variable volume compressor/hot air by-pass method and uses electronic expansion valve to accurately regulate and control throttle so as to implement stability and energy economization of said system.


The geologic features prospecting criteria and prospecting method are described in detail.The prospecting direction is proposed in Variscan-Yanshan granite province distributed in Yitong-Yizuoying of Meihukou in this paper.


This study was concerned with determining the impact of educational transformation on higher education institutions (HEls) with specific reference to the Medical University of Southern Africa (MEDUNSA), and the consequential implications for the enhancement of the quality of the academe, through the lens ofmanagement, at various levels, as well as academic staff. The MEDUNSA was chosen as the focus for this investigation since the researcher is employed there. Also, never before in the history of the institution has a study been conducted on academic staff development with a view to the future design and development ofprogrammes. Further, MEDUNSA is unique in that it is a medical university and the researcher wanted to determine how educational transformation would affect the development of academic staff within a specific context like medicine.


Background: Extubation failure is failure to maintain normal spontaneous breathing after a period of mechanical ventilation with the need for reintubation within 24–72 hours. It has multiple risk factors such as deconditioned muscles, upper airway edema and others. Aim of the Work: To study the frequency and causes of extubation failure in mechanically ventilated children. Patients and Methods: This is an observational prospective study that included all admitted children in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), Cairo University Children Hospital who underwent mechanical ventilation (MV) through endotracheal tube for more than 48 hours (145 child) with Glasgow coma scale above 8. They were subdivided into successfully extubated (78 children) and failed extubation (67 children). Results: The mean ± SD age of the cohort was 13.5 ± 15.15 months (range1.3-48, median= 8 months). Of them 80 (55.17%) were males, and 65 (44.8%) were females. The commonest underlying diagnosis was pneumonia in 38 (26.2%), bronchial asthma in 32 (22%), encephalopathy in 32 (22%), and aspiration in 11 (7.58%). Failed extubation was encountered in 67 (46.2%) children. The encountered risk factors of extubation failure were: sedation in 12 (16.7%) (p=0.001), excessive tracheal secretion of more than 200 ml /24 h in 14 (18.7%) (p=0.03), accidental extubation in 27 (40.3%) (p=0.01) and the need for higher setting on MV in all 67 children with failed extubation. Among failed extubated patients, the mean± SD for peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) were 14.5± 1.8 /cm H2O, 5.5± 0.5/cm H2O, and 27.5± 6.1% respectively. While, PIP, PEEP, and FiO2 in the successfully extubated group were 12.8± 1.6 /cm H2O, 4.1± 0.4/cm H2O, and 24.8± 5.3%, (p= 0.01, p=0.001 and p= 0.001) respectively. Patients who underwent gradual withdrawal of ventilatory support had a higher frequency of successful extubation than those extubated accidentally (p= 0.01). Sensitivity, and specificity of above mentioned indices for successful extubation were 53.79%, and 28.72% respectively. Conclusion: Causes of extubation failure are the need for long duration of sedation, excessive tracheal secretion, and need for high setting on MV. Furthermore, gradual weaning decreases the frequency of extubation failure. There is a need for a more sensitive and specific comprehensive objective indicator(s) for successful timely extubation. Level of Evidence of Study: IV (1).


The study aimed to test the hypothesis of the relationship between the rates of interest of media education courses in the component of "critical thinking" (at the two levels: knowledge and skill) and the rates of media students' benefit from mechanisms for verifying the credibility of news content on social media platforms, both internal evaluation mechanisms for methods of content delivery, based on An individual's cognitive experiences, or external validation mechanisms through critical comparisons of content. The study relied on the survey method, in addition to the comparative method. Using the questionnaire tool in the process of data collection, the study sample consisted of (150) students from media colleges in Arab universities using the available sample method. The results of the study showed that social media platforms are a basic information and knowledge resource for students of media faculties and departments, and this intensity of use is an important factor that prompted media faculties and departments to include critical thinking courses and media or digital education within the educational content system that they rely on in preparing and the development of a number of basic knowledge and concepts among students. The students seemed affected in their assessment of the types of information most likely to be falsified on communication platforms by their rates of use of these platforms, and it was proven that there are differences between students in evaluating the types of information most likely to lie according to the degree to which they benefit from different types of digital platforms. Evaluate visual information as the most likely information to lie. Students use a number of mechanisms to ensure the credibility of content on social media platforms, especially the comparison mechanism. Then comes the content writing language testing mechanism. It has been proven that the students' resort to the linguistic verification mechanism of content credibility has a significant relationship to the degree of students' comprehension of knowledge related to critical thinking, and that resorting to the "comparison" mechanism in verifying the credibility of the content is related to the degree of students' comprehension of the elements of critical thinking.


In order to study the stability and dynamics of mountain rainforest and paramo ecosystems, including the biodiversity of these ecosystems, the Holocene and late Pleistocene climate and fire variability, and human impact in the southeastern Ecuadorian Andes, we present a high‐resolution pollen record from El Tiro Pass (2810 m elevation), Podocarpus National Park. Palaeoenvironmental changes, investigated by pollen, spores and charcoal analysis, inferred from a 127 cm long core spanning the last ca. 21 000 cal. yr BP, indicate that grass‐paramo was the main vegetation type at the El Tiro Pass during the late Pleistocene period. The grass‐paramo was rich in Poaceae, Plantago rigida and Plantago australis, reflecting cold and moist climatic conditions. During the early Holocene, from 11 200 to 8900 cal. yr BP, subparamo and upper mountain rainforest vegetation expanded slightly, indicating a slow warming of climatic conditions during this period. From 8900 to 3300 cal. yr BP an upper mountain rainforest developed at the study site, indicated by an increase in Hedyosmun, Podocarpaceae, Myrsine and Ilex. This suggests a warmer climate than the present day at this elevation. The modern subparamo vegetation became established since 3300 cal. yr BP at El Tiro Pass. Fires, probably anthropogenic origin, were very rare during the late Pleistocene but became frequent after 8000 cal. yr BP. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This article gives a new interpretation of the virtual braid group in terms of a strict monoidal category SC that is freely generated by one object and three morphisms, two of the morphisms corresponding to basic pure virtual braids and one morphism corresponding to a transposition in the symmetric group. This point of view makes many relationships between the virtual braid group and the pure virtual braid group apparent, and makes representations of the virtual braid groups and pure virtual braid groups via solutions to the algebraic Yang–Baxter Equation equally transparent. In this categorical framework, the virtual braid group has nothing to do with the plane and nothing to do with virtual crossings. It is a natural group associated with the structure of algebraic braiding.


Rates of oil evolution and oil yields and compositions are reported for heating rates from 1 to 100/sup 0/C/min and pressures up to 27 atm. Pyrolysis occurs in an autogenous atmosphere and generated products are allowed to escape the pyrolysis region continuously. We find that both higher pressures and lower heating rates cause a decrease in oil yield, although the effects are not additive. The lowest oil yield was approximately 72 wt% or 79 vol% of Fischer assay. Lower oil yield is generally accompanied by lower nitrogen content and density and higher H/C ratios. The high-pressure/slow-heating rate oils are a clear amber color instead of the usual opaque brown. Finally, we demonstrate the effect of pyrolysis conditions on biological markers and other diagnostic hydrocarbons. 4 figures, 5 tables.


Online education, which was suddenly passed during the Covid-19 period, has brought along a number of problems. Especially since some of the teachers were children of the pre-millennium and post-millennium era, when the problem of computer literacy was on the agenda, it brought the problem to a different dimension for the generations in which these teachers grew up. In this study, a sample was taken from these teachers and a Likert scale questionnaire was applied to them. In this survey, questions were asked starting from how the computer literacy problem was reflected on them. The problems they experience in online education and how ready the education system is for online education were evaluated through the opinions of teachers.


It is proved that the symmetric group S28 is characterized by its order and degree pattern. In fact, S28 is 3-fold OD-characterizable.


the Austrian Actuarial Association (AVÖ) welcomes the opportunity to give its comments to this very helpful exposure draft.. Our comments are not exactly following the questions you raised, but are a hint to some specific observations regarding the cost-of-capital approach. This comment was written as a short paper from our colleague Ms. Eva Fels and we decided to take this paper as the official comment of the Austrian Actuarial Association.


PREVIOUS PAPERS IN this series [1-4] dealt with propagation rates of flaming and smouldering combustion through beds of forest materials, the propagation rate being monitored as advancement of the flame front easily, on the time scale of the experiments, followed with a stopwatch (although thermocouples and a rapid-response recording system were used in the earlier experiments in order that the rate of tempera-


For the estimation of the GC-content, we have elected representatives of single groups which have been formed by numerical evaluation of the relationships among the strains of the genus Saccharomyces. The estimated GC-values for 48 strains of the genus Saccharomyces gave an average of 36.75 Mol%, standard deviation being 1.96. The variation range within the limit 35.0–39.0 corresponds to the normal distribution.

Between the strains of the genera Zygosaccharomyces and Saccharomyces was shown a low phenetic similarity. A low similarity in DNS base composition was found between the groups "delbrueckii" and "fermentati". This shows that they are not related phylogenetically to each other but form a polyphyletic group. Although strains of the group "bailii" and "rouxii" are phenetically not much similar to the genus Saccharomyces, the DNA base composition falls into the range of Saccharomyces. On the contrary, the genus Saccharomyces appears to be homogeneous not only phenetically, but also on the basis of similarity of DNA base composition.


Food insecurity in Ethiopia is principally, but not exclusively, a rural problem. When famine occurs, it is the rural population who is most vulnerable. Each year on average, about four million people in the rural areas have problem of securing enough food for themselves, and need assistance (FDRE, 2001). Both chronic and transitory food insecurity are severe in Ethiopia. The chronic poverty which was highly expressed in a shortage of food for a long period of time was still high. In 2003, the Government launched a large scale consultation process called the New Coalition for Food Security. As a result of this process, the Government made significant changes to its existing food security program, scaling up its level of intervention and incorporating a large productive safety net program (PSNP). Consequently, in 2009 the government of Ethiopia re-launched the Food Security Program with enhanced efforts being made to improve a key component, the Productive Safety Nets Program and a replacement of the Other Food Security Program with an enhanced set of activities to strengthen the capacity of households to generate income and increase asset holdings.


—Voice assistants like Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant or Siri are becoming increasingly popular. Such assistants allow for complex interactions with smart Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices that do not have a traditional user interface, such as monitor and keyboard. However, while voice assistants foster the proliferation of numerous convenient services from smart homes to connected cars, they are problematic from the perspective of user privacy. In many cases, IoT devices are permanently listening for keywords in sensitive areas such as living rooms or bed rooms. Once such a word is recognized, voice samples are sent to the voice-assistant provider into the cloud for further analyses. We explore how the users of IoT devices can anonymize the voice recordings sent to the voice-assistant provider. To this end, we identify categories of information sent to the provider, we describe an anonymization approach based on dummy voice commands, and we describe a prototypical anonymization device based on a Raspberry PI. Our device confirms that it is possible to anonymize some information sent to Alexa with limited inconveniences for the user.


. In this note we consider the fluid queue driven by an M / M /1 queue as analysed by Virtamo and Norros [5]. We show that the stationary buffer content in this model can be easily analysed by looking at embedded time points. This approach gives the stationary buffer content distribution in terms of the modified Bessel function of the first kind of order one. By using a suitable integral representation for this Bessel function we show that our results coincide with the ones of [5]


ABSTRACT To the Editor:— While testing, with phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP), the renal function of a patient with well-regulated diabetes mellitus, a strongly positive reaction for acetonuria was noted. This false-positive reaction was noted with the conventional test for acetone, using sodium nitroprusside, as well as with Acetest tablets (Ames Co.) and acetone test powder (Denco). These color reactions could be reproduced with PSP diluted with water and are undoubtedly due to the fact that all three tests for acetone take place at an alkaline pH. The color produced by PSP is not exactly identical with that produced by acetone but is sufficiently similar to provide a source of error. The false-positive test result for acetone can readily be distinguished from true acetonuria by the failure of PSP to evaporate on boiling. The color could also be distinguished by spectroscopy, but this method of examination is not generally available. A positive ferric chloride


Background: The mainstay of medical secondary prevention of recurrent vascular events in patients with an index stroke of atherosclerotic origin has been the triad of 1) antiplatelet (AP), 2) antih...


We examined the limitations of the spatial gradient effect, or decrease in availability of objects/locations as a function of distance traveled. Across three experiments we used naming time probes to measure availability of an initial spatial location after varying the distance a protagonist traveled. The findings will be discussed in terms of the limit they place on memorybased explanations, and the need for dimensional information that is a part of situation-based explanations of comprehension.


Objective
To investigate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with interval debulking surgery (NACT-IDS) on patients with stage Ⅲ high grade papillary serous ovarian cancer and its impact on quality of life.

Methods
A total of 304 patients with advanced ovarian cancer (FIGO Ⅲ) were selected, of which 168 patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy+ surgery+ chemotherapy (study group), 136 patients underwent primary debulking surgery+ chemotherapy (control group). Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, ideal reduction rate, rate of intraoperative blood transfusion, rate of pelvic abdominal infection, clinical efficacy, laparoscopic surgery rate, recurrence rate and survival rate of the two groups were compared to assess the therapeutic effect.

Results
The average level of preoperative carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) was 2 531 U/ml in study group and 1 431 U/ml in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The ideal reduction rate was 89.3% in study group and 77.9% in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P=0.007). The blood loss, operation time and recurrence rate in study group (235.09 ml, 207.38 min, 4.8%) were lower than those in control group (788.68 ml, 241.47 min, 27.2%), all P<0.05. The rates of laparoscopic surgery in study group (95.84%) was higher than that in control group (53.68%)and blood transfusion rate of study group (4.8%) was lower than that of control group (27.2%), both P<0.05. The mean progression-free survival (PFS) of study group and control group was 23.200 (6.100-38.000) months and 20.868 (4.000-33.000) months, respectively, and there was a significant difference between the two groups in PFS (P=0.046). The overall survival (OS) of study group was 37.596 (11.000-60.000) months and that was 35.053 (6.000-54.000) months of control group, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.113). The average cost was 89 700 RMB in study group and 100 400 RMB in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 92.26% and 72.61% in study group and were 88.23% and 52.94% in control group. Psychological impact of different treatments: 53 cases (31.5%) may have depression, 96 cases (57.1%) definitely had depression, 12 cases (7.2%) had sever depression in study group; in the control group, 47 cases (34.6%) may have depression, 64 cases (47.1%) definitely had depression, 16 cases (11.7%) had severe depression; there was no significant difference in the number of people who had depression or worse between the two groups (P=0.235).

Conclusions
NACT-IDS in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer can significantly improve the surgical resection rate of tumor, reduce intraoperative blood loss, shorten the operation time, reduce the rate of laparotomy, incidence of surgical complications, tumor recurrence rate and improve the clinical effect.

Key words:
High grade papillary serous ovarian cancer; Neoadjuvant chemotherapy; Intermittent tumor cell subtraction


Maintaining network stability and encouraging generation companies to involve in stability maintaining are major concerns of independent system operator (ISO) in deregulated power system. Excitation system of synchronous generators is effective and well-known equipment which has a significant effect on network stability. Therefore, improving performance of this system can enhance network stability. But utilizing of the methods, which improve performance of excitation system, imposes cost on generation companies. This paper proposes a motivation mechanism for enhancing transient stability which encourages generation companies to improve performance of excitation system. In this mechanism beside excitation system response improving methods, a transient stability constrained optimal power flow is solved in order to ensure maintaining transient stability in different contingencies. A 4-buses test system, the IEEE 14-buses test system, and the IEEE 118-buses test system are used to illustrate effectiveness of the proposed mechanism. Implementation results show that the proposed mechanism not only provides required transient stability margin with minimum operation cost, but also does not restrict generators production capability.


The present invention relates to hair treatment compositions comprising at least one sodium-containing carbonate and purified water, and the use of these compositions for revitalization of hair, reactivation of the hair root, activation of hair follicles, thickening hair, promoting or enhancing hair growth, hair conditioning, for reducing hair loss and / or for the treatment of hair loss. Furthermore, the invention provides methods for the topical application of the agents of the invention relates.


Chapter 12 | Summary, discussion and future perspectives 266 12 LeUKoDYstRoPHIes Leukodystrophies are rare, inherited, neurological disorders with exclusive or predominant, primary involvement of the white matter of the central nervous system (CNS). 1 Leukodystrophies are most prevalent in children and often result in severe neurological defi cits and early death. 2 While leukodystrophies were initially diagnosed primarily by pathology, since the introduction of MRI into medicine in the nineteen eighties the fi rst evidence for a leukodystrophy typically comes from MRI showing extensive, prominent signal abnormalities in the CNS white matter. Pathology confi rmation is usually lacking. MRI has an incredible sensitivity for white matter abnormalities, but its specifi city for underlying histopathologic changes is low. 3,4 This low sensitivity sometimes causes problems in diff erentiating primary from secondary white matter involvement. Cortical neuronal degeneration leads to secondary white matter abnormalities due to Wallerian degeneration with loss of axons and myelin within the white matter. 5 Especially in infantile onset neuronal disorders, in which the neuronal degeneration disrupts the normal myelination process, MRI may show prominent cerebral white matter abnormalities. Examples are infantile onset GM1 and GM2 gangliosidoses, which present with an MRI pattern suggestive of a leukodystrophy, whereas later onset variants show the MRI picture of a neuronal degenerative disorder, dominated by cerebral atrophy and only slight white matter signal abnormalities. 2 The same is true for the early onset variants of SLC19A3-and ITPA-related encephalopathies, discussed in this thesis (chapter 3 and chapter 10). Because with the elucidation of the genetic defect it is clear that the white matter abnormalities are secondary to neuronal cell death, they may not be regarded as leukodystrophies. However, because of the prominent brain white matter abnormalities, these MRIs were part of the database of leukoencephalopathies in Amsterdam, which was the source of the MRIs for this study. Most leukodystrophy experts include such cases in their scope of interest (see GLIA consortium consensus statement). A molecular diagnosis is extremely important for patients and families, because this comes with information on prognosis, options for family planning, and exploration of potential treatment options. In the past and often up to this day, patients frequently experienced and still experience a long diagnostic odyssey to reach a defi nitive diagnosis. The rarity of these disorders and the lack of multiple multiplex families precluded traditional gene-discovery approaches or hampered their success. In 2010 it was found that still …


Summary The 17th century facade decorations on the palaces of Ulriksdal (Jakobsdal) and Venngarn, reproduced in Svecia Antiqua et Hodierna have mainly perished (figs. 1 & 2). The extensive use of sculptures, decoration in stone and wood, and painted facades gave both palaces a festive and vivacious appearance. The facade on the entrance side of the Jakobsdal palace was painted in sections with colossal Corinthian pilasters and window framework. On each wing sixty roundels with emblematic devices can be counted. Between the stairwell and wings at Venngarn there were arcades and wooden balustrades adorned with sculptures. The whitewashed facades had painted window framework and corner masonry in imitation stone. The facade painting of the 1660's had its roots in the painted architectural decoration of the Renaissance, which also included figurative imagery (fig. 3). Some engravings in Svecia Antiqua et Hodiema show large painted figures on the facades (figs. 4 & 5). The plans for the rebuilding by the Chanc...


appropriately sized tracheal tubes over these devices is rarely difficult but difficulty can be encountered due to the discrepancy between the external diameter of the airway exchange catheter and the internal diameter of the tracheal tube, the gap causing hold-up at the larynx [4]. In order to improve the ease of railroading when using these smaller gauge devices, the discrepancy in size between the airway exchange catheter and the tracheal tube can be bridged by passing an Aintree intubation catheter TM (Cook Medical; external diameter 6.5 mm) over a size 11 Fr. airway exchange catheter (external diameter 3.7 mm). The tracheal tube can then be railroaded over the airway exchange catheter-Aintree combination. This is in keeping with the concept of 'the gap filler'; all other manoeuvres to facilitate railroading should also be employed [4]. An Aintree intubation catheter will accommodate 7.0-mm tracheal tubes and larger. This combination of catheters is stiffer than either device alone, which aids railroading a tracheal tube into the trachea (Fig. 1). The airway exchange catheter is too long (83 cm) to permit passage of a fibreoptic laryngoscope to confirm tip position. However, when an Aintree intubation catheter has been passed over an airway exchange catheter, the latter can be removed, and a fibreoptic laryngoscope can then be passed through the shorter Aintree intubation catheter (length 56 cm) to view the lower airway and optimise tip position. This excercise is crucial when oxygen insufflation or jet ventilation via the catheter is being considered, as barotrauma in this circumstance is believed to be the result of a sub-carinal tip position and is consistent with the recommendation to use shorter airway exchange catheters [5].


In this paper, we develop an improved algorithm to recover and correct polyhedron from a given line drawing. It can immediately recover the polyhedron even if image data are incorrect due to vertex-position errors. Many experiments have been done to demonstrate the algorithm to be effective and efficient and show that the speed of recovery and correction is greatly improved and one of experiments is given.


Identification of condition-specific protein interaction subnetworks has emerged as an attractive research field to reveal molecular mechanisms of diseases and provide reliable network biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Several methods have been proposed, which integrate gene expression and protein-protein interaction (PPI) data to identify subnetworks. However, existing methods treat differential expression of genes and network topology independently, which is an oversimplified assumption to model real biological systems. In this paper, we propose a sampling-based subnetwork identification approach to take into account the dependency between gene expression and network topology. Specifically, we apply Markov random field (MRF) theory to model the dependency of genes in PPI network using a Bayesian framework, followed by a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach to identify significant subnetworks. The MCMC approach estimates the posterior distribution of genes' significant scores and network structure iteratively. Experimental results on both synthetic data and real breast cancer data demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in identifying subnetworks, especially several functionally important, aberrant subnetworks associated with pathways involved in the development and recurrence of breast cancer.


In order to improve the quality of millimeter wave communication in indoor environment and ensure the maximum use of link resources. It is proposed to construct indoor communication transmission characteristics through multi sphere link model and indoor millimeter wave reflection blocking model. At the same time, the improved PMVC algorithm and CTRA algorithm are used to optimize the resource scheduling of links in indoor central scenes and edge scenes respectively. The simulation results show that compared with the original PVC algorithm and greedy algorithm, PMVC has a maximum link throughput of 5.01 Gbps under the optimized scheduling of the improved vertex coloring algorithm, while the maximum throughput of the traditional vertex coloring algorithm and greedy algorithm are 4.73 Gbps and 4.57 Gbps respectively. In the case of fixed link transmission beam width, as the number of link flows increases, the slot throughput of the link decreases continuously. Under the width of 30, the maximum slot throughput of PMVC algorithm is 2.75 Gbps, and the maximum slot throughput of greedy algorithm is 2.48 Gbps; When the beam width is 60, the maximum slot throughput of PMVC algorithm and greedy algorithm is 2.25 Gbps and 1.55 Gbps respectively. The proposed PMVC resource scheduling method can effectively alleviate the shortage of indoor spectrum resources and reduce indoor transmission interference of millimeter wave.


A model balancing diffusive field‐line curvature (FLC) scattering loss with other local source, loss, and transport processes is used to compute the L‐shell location of the proton radiation belt outer boundary, where intensity falls below observable levels. The FLC scattering rate increases with increasing L and proton energy, decreasing equatorial pitch angle, and increasing geomagnetic activity, as determined with the Kp‐dependent T89 external magnetic field combined with a dipole internal field. Simulated proton intensity near the outer boundary is compared to measurements from both the low‐altitude SAMPEX satellite and the high‐altitude Van Allen Probes satellites, with correction for instrumental biases caused by field‐of‐view, energy range, and the east‐west effect. Good agreement between observations and simulations is obtained for average boundary locations, time‐dependent variations caused by magnetic storms, and average equatorial pitch‐angle distributions.


The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses affiliated to the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering - College of Agriculture - University of Karbala for the spring season 2022. The study included the effect of three factors, the first factor at four levels, which are mulching soil As follows (without mulching M0, transparent plastic cover M1, black plastic cover M2 and black geotextile cover M3) and the second factor spraying with a fluorotone compound in two concentrations (0 gm L-1 S0 and 0.5 gm L-1 S1), Spraying was done during the true leaf stage and flowering stage and the third factor is two hybrids of zucchini squash hybrids, namely (variety CHAMSA F1 V1 and cultivar YOULAND F1 V2), thus the total number of treatments became sixteen with a factorial experiment, with 3 replications for each treatment, thus the number of experimental units is forty-eight experimental units, Each experimental unit contains eight plants, The randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used and the results were analyzed using the statistical program Gens Stat and the averages were compared according to the least significant difference (LSD) test at the level of probability 0.05. The results showed that the V1 variety was superior to the V2 variety in most of the studied productive traits, which were represented in the number of fruits, the yield of one plant, and the total yield, except for the early plant yield, as the V2 variety was superior compared to the V1 variety. As for the fluoroton treatment, the spray treatment S1 excelled in all the studied productive characteristics compared to the control treatment S0. As for the soil covers, the black plastic cover M2 recorded the highest production in all the studied characteristics, followed by the transparent plastic cover M1, which was significantly superior to the comparison treatment (without covering) and the black geotextile cover M3.


Topology adaptive boundary extraction for water in satellite images using parametric snakes remains challenging in the domain of image segmentation due to the inability of topology inflexible parametric snakes (TIPS) to split and merge curves and the limited accuracy or inefficiency of topology flexible parametric snakes (TFPS). Based on the balloon snake (B-snake) method, an outstanding representative of TIPS, this paper proposed the automatic B-snake (AB-snake) method capable of automatic initialization and topology transformation to overcome the drawbacks of nonautomatic initialization and topology inflexibility of the B-snake method while ensuring both high accuracy and efficiency of TFPS. Six GF-1 wide field view satellite images covering different inner island numbers, water body sizes, boundary complexities, boundary clarities, and background complexities were used as experimental images. To test its feasibility and advantages, the extracted results of the AB-snake method were compared with those of the B-snake and the orthogonal topology adaptive snake (OT-snake) methods, a newer representative of TFPS. The results demonstrated that the AB-snake method could effectively implement automatic initialization and topology transformation, successfully meeting its design objectives. Four indices, including correctness, completeness, area overlap measure, and efficiency, were adopted to quantitatively assess the performances of the B-snake, the AB-snake, and the OT-snake methods. The results suggested that the proposed AB-snake method not only significantly outperformed the B-snake method in topology collision handling but also demonstrated great advantages over the OT-snake method in accuracy. The applicability, sensitivity, parameter selection, and limitations of the AB-snake method were also elaborated.


All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing Publishing. • Type of peer review: Undefined • Conference submission management system: Morressier • Number of submissions received: 70 • Number of submissions sent for review: 0 • Number of submissions accepted: 69 • Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 98.6 • Average number of reviews per paper: 0 • Total number of reviewers involved: 0 • Contact person for queries: Name: Himsar Ambarita Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Affiliation: Universitas Sumatera Utara - Mechanical Engineering


Being good at using humorous language represents one of the important aspects of a teacher with healthy personality.It is not only a way to beautify the image of a traditional teacher,but also the display of a teacher's ability of language and instruction as well. According to its origin, a teacher's humorous language can be divided into corpus-humour and context-humour.


In this paper we report a project-based learning approach to the teaching of User-Centered Design (UCD). We describe the alignment of the learning outcomes, learning and teaching activities and the assessment for the module, and discuss the advantages of embedding the CHI Student Design Competition brief in the module.


Introduced under the network environment the hospital library reference advisory service characteristic,has analyzed the reference advisory service existence question,elaborated strengthens the information consultant service the measure.


Background Despite policies that promote inclusivity of students with various challenges, students with invisible disabilities at higher learning institutions may encounter various levels of stigma and marginalisation. This primarily stems from a lack of awareness about what invisible disabilities encompass, and very importantly, how they affect those who live with them. Objective This study explored the subjective experiences of students with invisible disabilities at a historically disadvantaged university. Method This study used a qualitative approach to facilitate the exploration of the subjective experiences of students with invisible disabilities. Twelve students with invisible disabilities were interviewed online via Google Meet platform, using semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a thematic analysis. Results Three thematic domains were identified, invisibly disabled students' subjective experiences within the context of (1) home and community, (2) university life and (3) support offered at their university. Conclusion This study's findings highlight the importance of awareness of invisible disabilities in higher education. Support for students with invisible disabilities, and breaking down the barriers to it, can compound better experiences in the lives of those who have invisible disabilities. Targeted awareness campaigns could contribute to more mindful learning and teaching practices and improve the overall experience of these students. This information can also be used to promote awareness of students with invisible disabilities in higher education institutions.


Combined with the mobile agent technology, the agent-based data warehouse is presented, by which the users can effectively manage the distributed and heterogeneous integration environment. This paper discusses the architecture of the agent-based data wart house and some issues in its implementation.


The Am index is used to study the response of the magnetosphere to northward IMF. It is shown that most of the observed increase in activity can be explained by a correlation of the solar wind dynamic pressure with the IMF field strength such that the Am index varies only slightly with northward IMF strength when the solar wind dynamic pressure is held constant. There remains a smaller response of Am to solar wind velocity, which is usually attributed to a viscous interaction of the solar wind with the magnetosphere such as through the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. The diurnal variation of Am during northward fields is also examined. A model invoking the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability on the flanks of the magnetopause have been used to predict the annual behavior of this diurnal variation. The predicted annual behavior is not found for northward IMF. The difference in diurnal variation from summer months to winter months, suggested to be caused solely by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, appears only for southward fields. Thus, while the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability may play some role in energy transfer into the magnetosphere and the resultant geomagnetic activity, this role is much less than that of dynamic pressure fluctuations and we find no evidence that it by itself plays any role in the annual variation of the diurnal variation of geomagnetic activity.


The present invention provides a method UICC interface, and an interface for connection to a mobile radio communication device, such that the UICC UICC interface comprising means for indicating the presence of at least one service desired position data can be provided in the UICC for the location data received by the UICC notification means of the available sources, for allowing a UICC initiates its data transfer device location for the actual position data is transmitted to the UICC apparatus, and such that the position data transmission means UICC can be terminated, and wherein the position data can be providing a non-contact manner or provided remotely from the GPS module.


Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy (cryoSEM) was introduced in the early 1970s, shortly after the appearance of the first commercial scanning electron microscopes. This technique has been utilized widely in plant biology, the food and paper industry, X-ray analytical studies, and material sciences (8). Major advantages of cryoSEM include being able to avoid deleterious changes associated with preparative steps that remove water and produce extraction/shrinkage of tissue. CryoSEM can provide convenience and speed of sample preparation but has been considered to be a medium-resolution technique (50–100 nm). With the advent of field emission SEM (FESEM) and new developments in cryo-preservation of biological specimens, it has now become possible to achieve resolution in the macromolecular (2–3 nm) range.


Springburn's industries had been collapsing since the mid-1950s, with the closure of the Craigpark cable works in 1955, Braby's in 1960, and the North British Locomotive Company in 1962. The Saracen Foundry was also in trouble and would close in 1965.


Deriving accurate T2 relaxation spectra from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) CPMG measurements is critical to the determination of total and effective porosities, irreducible water saturations, and permeability from NMR logs and core measurements. Accurate spectra are also essential to estimate coefficients for the film model or Spectral Bulk Volume Irreducible (SBVI) model. This paper analyzes the effects of noise, inadequate sampling rate, and CBW on the estimation of T2 distribution and effective porosity. Synthetic data were used so that it is easy to compare the results with underlying model inputs. A new method is described which utilizes the partial porosity distributions obtained from two echo trains acquired with different TEs. High signal-to-noise ratio echo data with sampling time TE of 0.6 ms are used to obtain the CBW T2 distribution. These data are then used to reconstruct CBW contributions to the time domain early echoes of the conventional effective porosity echo data (TE = 1.2ms). This residual signal is then subtracted from the original echoes. The effective porosity distribution is estimated from the reconstructed echo train.


Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer of the skin. Definite diagnosis
usually requires histological examination but recently it has been suggested that cytological examination of skin smear can be used as an alternative. To evaluate sensitivity and specificity of cytological examination, a total of 125 skin lesions, clinically suspected to be BCC were studied. Cytological samples were taken by scraping a scalpel blade over the lesion and smearing the cells on to a glass slide. The specimens were air- dried and stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa. An incision biopsy was performed for histopathological study. The cytological results were compared with the histopathological results of the lesions. Histopathology revealed BCC in 102 lesions (81.6%), squamous
cell carcinoma (SCC) in 11 lesions (8.8%), seborrheic keratosis in 6 lesions (4.8%), actinic keratosis in 5 lesions (4%) and keratoacanthoma in 1 lesion (0.8%). Cytological examination reported BCC in 90(72%), SCC in 13 ( 10.4%) and seborrheic keratosis in 6 lesions (4.8%) and was non-diagnostic in 16 lesions (12.8%). The sensitivity and specificity of the cytology in identifying all of the BCC types were 87.3% and 95.3%, respectively. In conclusion, cytological examination is easy to perform, saves time,
requires a minimum of equipments and can be considered a reliable method in the diagnosis of
suspected cutaneous BCC.


The invention discloses a lithium ion battery cathode material and a preparation method thereof, which lower the cost of the lithium ion battery cathode material and improve the high-energy density thereof. The lithium ion battery cathode material takes more than one of natural crystalline graphite, natural cryptocrystalline graphite and natural crystalline vein graphite as matrixes, a non-graphitic carbon material is coated outside the matrixes, and the coated particles are compounded with a conductive material. The preparation method of the lithium ion battery cathode material comprises the following steps of mixing and drying a liquid phase, carbonizing, carrying out high-temperature treatment and compounding. Compared with the prior art, the graphite with lower carbon content is taken as a raw material to greatly reduce the raw material cost; by adopting a hot air drying mode, the preparation process is simplified and a coating layer is more solid and compact; and by adopting lower carburizing temperature and the temperature for high-temperature heat treatment, energy consumption is reduced, and product cost is further lowered.


In this paper, we introduce a new technique that allows the coexistence of secondary users (SUs) with a primary user (PU), in the same frequency and time. The proposed technique (i.e., the cluster-based spatial opportunistic spectrum sharing (CB-SOSS) technique) exploits the spatial degrees of freedom resulting from the use of multiple antennas at both the secondary base station (SBS) and SUs; also it does not have any requirement regarding the number of antennas at the primary base station nor the PU. The CB-SOSS benefits from the fact that in wireless channels, the multipath components travel in clusters that are non-uniformly distributed in the spatio-temporal space. The key idea is to have the SBS become aware of the locations of the strong clusters in the surrounding environment and utilize them opportunistically for data transmission to the SUs, without causing a harmful interference at the PU receiver.


Because of the non–zero nuclear equilibration time, the compound–nucleus scattering model fails when the incident energy exceeds 10 or 20 MeV, and precompound reactions become important. Basic ideas used in the quantum–statistical approaches to these reactions are described.


A concept of a high resolution asymmetric von Hamos X-ray spectrometer for the CRYRING@ESR electron cooler is described and its characteristics obtained by ray-tracing Monte-Carlo simulations are presented. The spectrometer will be used to study the QED effects in H-like medium-Z ions by measuring the energies of X-rays from radiative recombination of highly charged ions with cooling electrons, with a ppm precision of energy determination.


In this work, the authors contrasted several parameterizations of primary ice production (PIP), combined with a new set of parameterizations of secondary ice production (SIP) in the NCAR CESM2/CAM6 model. The model simulations are compared with observations from the DOE M-PACE campaign. The scientific questions include: What are the impacts of SIP parameterizations on the simulation results? What are the effects of SIP on PIP? How does the PIP process influence SIP? As the authors mentioned, the interactions of SIP and PIP have not been carefully examined before, and the mechanisms of how they affect each other are still unclear.


This paper presents an extended model for the negative-bias temperature instability in p-MOSFET's with 3 nm gate oxide film. The devices, annealed with a standard forming gas (FG) process, have been subjected to an additional annealing process under high pressure, using both hydrogen and deuterium. We found that NBTI was accelerated by the high-pressure hydrogen (or deuterium) annealing compared to the standard FG annealing. This is attributed to the higher hydrogen (deuterium) density, and that in turn causes higher densities of oxide charges under NBTI stress. Our investigation of recovery and isotope effect shows that both interface-reaction and bulk-reaction, which can be plausible by extrinsic defect, are among the origins of NBTI degradation in ultrathin gate oxide.


The future of Indian Banking represents a unique mixture of unlimited opportunities amidst insurmountable challenges. On one hand, we see the scenario represented by the rapid process of globalization presently taking shape bringing the community of nations in the world together, transcending geographical boundaries, in the sphere of trade and commerce, and even employment opportunities of individuals. All these indicate newly emerging opportunities for Indian Banking. The project has tried to analyze the present situation in Indian banks. With the process of liberalization and globalization, the bank credit has witnessed spectacular growth as a catalyst of economic growth. With the increase in the growing volume of credit, the volume of impaired credit has also multiplied due to various factors. This burgeoning level of NPA had become a grave matter of concern for the Indian banks.


The present work is focused in the examination of the torsional behaviour of composite tubes by a combined experimental and numerical approach. Glass and carbon composite tubes were manufactured by the filament winding technique. All the tubes were fabricated with glass and carbon Fiber orientation at ±45°. The effect of the torsional loading on the mechanical strength of the glass and carbon composite tubes was initially studied experimentally. Angular velocity of 5° per min was used as torsion test speed while torque-twisting angle changes were recorded. The torsional behaviour of composite tubes was also simulated using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). An elastic orthotropic composite model was used for the simulations. The normal and shear stress contours were obtained from the FE models, while the theoretical relation of the torque versus the twisting angle was calculated. Comparison of the numerical and experimentally obtained results has shown a relatively similar torsional behaviour.


Assistive robotic systems in household or industrial production environments get more and more capable of performing also complex tasks which previously only humans were able to do. As robots are often equipped with two arms and hands, similar manipulations can be executed. The robust programming of such devices with a very large number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) compared with single industrial robot arms however is laborious if done joint-wise. Two major directions to overcome this problem have been previously proposed. The programming by demonstration (PbD) approach, where human arm and recently also hand motions are tracked, segmented and re-executed in an adaptive way on the robotic system and the high-level planning approach which tries to generate a task sequence on a logical level and attributes geometric information as necessary to generate artificial trajectories to solve the task. Here we propose to combine the best of both worlds. For the very complex motion generation for a robotic hand, a rather direct approach to assign manipulation actions from human demonstration to a human hand is taken. For the combination of different basic manipulation actions the task constraints are segmented from the demonstration action and used to generate a task oriented plan. This plan is validated against the robot kinematic and geometric constraints and then a geometric motion planner can generate the necessary robot motions to fulfill the task execution on the system.


The expansion of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to safety-critical applications in Equatorial and high-latitude regions has unveiled the need to cope with the so-called ionospheric scintillation, an impairment introducing rapid power and carrier phase fluctuations onto the received signal. At carrier tracking level, the use of hybrid autoregressive Kalman filter (KF-AR)-based techniques has shown great potential in mitigating its impact onto the performance of GNSS receivers. In this paper we provide a deep analysis for Kalman filter designers to have a clear idea on the interplay of the Kalman modeling parameters onto the steady-state behaviour of these techniques. To this end, we employ the Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound (BCRB) as a useful tool to predict the expected performance of KF-AR techniques in a straightforward manner. Furthermore, we evaluate the goodness of these techniques under stringent working conditions, where the BCRB analysis is further complemented with empirical results, and we show the importance of using adaptive KF-AR implementations to attain optimal performance.


The Queen Charlotte basin is a 40,000 km{sup 2} late Paleogene-Neogene basin underlying the Queen Charlotte Islands, Hecate Strait, and Queen Charlotte Sound region of the Canadian Pacific continental margin. The basin formed during Eocene to Pliocene extension along and adjacent to a transform segment of the Pacific-North American plate boundary. Oblique subduction along the plate boundary in the late Cenozoic resulted in uplift and folding of portions of the northern half of the basin. In detail, the basin consists of numerous, variably oriented half-grabens and subbasins separated and underlain by complexly structured Mesozoic rocks of the Wranellia terrane. Most of the offshore subbasins contain clastic sediments in excess of 3,000 m thick and strata as thick as 6,000 m are known to occur in the deepest depocenters. The older (pre-Pliocene) portions of the basin locally contain volcanics, often interbedded with clastics. Potential hydrocarbon reservoirs within the basin include alluvial-fan fan-delta and tidal-shelf sandstones. Potential hydrocarbon source rocks include Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic shales and limestones locally preserved below the basin and Tertiary shales within the deeper portions of the basin fill. Possible hydrocarbon traps include folds, rollover anticlines, basement fault blocks, and a variety of combined structural-stratigraphic traps. The Queenmore » Charlotte basin is considered to be one of the most prospective areas for significant hydrocarbon resources along the northeast Pacific margin.« less


With the growing demand for data sharing file formats in financial applications driven by open banking, the use of the OFD (open fixed-layout document) format has become widespread. However, ensuring data security, traceability, and accountability poses significant challenges. To address these concerns, we propose E-SAWM, a dynamic watermarking service framework designed for edge cloud scenarios. This framework incorporates dynamic watermark information at the edge, allowing for precise tracking of data leakage throughout the data-sharing process. By utilizing semantic analysis, E-SAWM generates highly realistic pseudostatements that exploit the structural characteristics of documents within OFD files. These pseudostatements are strategically distributed to embed redundant bits into the structural documents, ensuring that the watermark remains resistant to removal or complete destruction. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm has a minimal impact on the original file size, with the watermarked text occupying less than 15%, indicating a high capacity for carrying the watermark. Additionally, compared to existing explicit watermarking schemes for OFD files based on annotation structure, our proposed watermarking scheme is suitable for the technical requirements of complex dynamic watermarking in edge cloud scenario deployment. It effectively overcomes vulnerabilities associated with easy deletion and tampering, providing high concealment and robustness.


A finite element method is given for the problem of exact control of a linear parabolic equation. The basis functions consist of piecewise bicubic polynomials and the differential equation is satisfied at Gaussian collocation points within each element. The overdetermined system of equations obtained is solved by the method of least squares, and a convergence argument is given for the complete procedure. Numerical results are given for two problems of boundary control.


Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) hollow fiber membranes have been developed by a combined phase inversion and sintering method. An organic binder solution (dope) containing suspended YSZ particles is spun to form a hollow fiber precursor, which is then sintered at elevated temperatures. The prepared hollow fibers have the asymmetric structure including the sponge-like structures at center, sandwiched by the long finger-like structures located at the outer and inner walls of the fibers. Experimental results indicate that by controlling the YSZ/polymer weight ratio at 9 or 10 and sintered at a temperature of 1590°C or 1550°C for 10 h, respectively, gas-tight asymmetric YSZ hollow fiber membranes with high mechanical strength can be obtained.


H E N T H E FIRST fleet of convicts and soldiers arrived in Australia in 1788, they took possession of a land which had been inhabited by Aboriginal nations for more than 4 0 , 0 0 0 years. The raising of the British flag at Sydney Cove signified that Australia was now incorporated into the British Empire as a fledgling member, and that from this moment Aborigines were no longer owners of the land of their ancestors. The legitimacy of white settlement and of the development of Australia as a nation thus depends on and derives from an act of invasion, and this fact has been and is of fundamental importance to Australians' sense of national identity. In Australian colonial texts, one discursive strategy which addresses the problem of legitimacy is that of denial, which often takes the form of silence about Aborigines and Aboriginal culture, and which appears in the doctrine of terra nullius, the legal fiction which proclaimed Australia before white settlement as a land belonging to none, an empty land needing to be filled by diligent, godfearing white settlers. Another discursive strategy is that of creating new versions of the myths of foundation and settlement. The invasion of Australia must be rendered legitimate, moral and even godly, and this is effected through an emphasis on the heroic deeds of white settlers and explorers and a downplaying of the legitimacy of Aborigines as owners of the land. After all, many colonial texts point out, Aborigines failed to exploit the possibilities of the land—they d id not mine it or clear it for pastures or bui ld cities, and so demonstrated their unfitness to be owners.


The most crucial part of English learning is having and understand a proper vocabulary. To be involved in English academic as the learning topic, students must be able to have and understand words collection sufficiently. The purpose of this study is to find out that, the vocabulary learning through the game of Words of Wonders: Crossword in groups learning has been declared to perform better than individual learning. This study arises the quantitative analysis approach with a comparison design to reveal the students' vocabulary. The use of pre-test and post-tests vocabulary were utilized as the role of instruments within this study. The samples were the faculty of Management Secretary A and B of the academic year in 2019/2020, in Ciwaringin, Bogor. The results of this study infer that, the students who are taught by using Words of Wonders: Crossword in group learning has performed better than the students who learn individually. It is shown by the pre-test scores of 59.58 and 59.00, and post-test scores of 83.47 and 73.62


Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative pathogen that causes human severe periodontitis. The most intensively studied virulence factor of this bacterium is a pore-forming cytotoxin termed leukotoxin. Production of leukotoxin varies considerably among A. actinomycetemcomitans strains. Interstrain variations in leukotoxin production are thought to derive from differences in structure of the leukotoxin promoter region. In addition, several studies showed that culture conditions are also important factors influencing leukotoxin production levels. Export of A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin across the cell envelope is likely mediated by a type I secretion system. Furthermore, it has also been suggested that outer membrane vesicles are involved in extracellular localization of the leukotoxin. This review summarizes current knowledge on the genetic and environmental factors affecting leukotoxin production and the export pathway for extracellular localization of leukotoxin.


The utility model relates to a paint spraying and baking device with a benzene gas processing and heat energy recycling device, which belongs to the improvement of a surface paint spraying and baking technology. The device is characterized in that the benzene gases generated in the process of baking paint are transported into a purifying device to carry out catalytic combustion; thus, the benzene gases are removed; simultaneously, high-temperature purified gases generated in the process of combustion are sent back to a paint baking chamber. In this way, the utility model not only eliminates environmental pollution caused by benzene gases, but enhances the temperature of the paint baking chamber and saves large amount of energy sources.


A new zero voltage switching bidirectional DC-DC converter proposes in this paper. In the proposed converter, without adding any auxiliary switches and with a simple snubber, soft switching conditions are created, which simplifies the structure of the converter. The control of the switches in the proposed converter is complementary to each other, so the control circuit of the converter is simple and does not need any extra control circuit. The coupled inductors used in the converter, in addition to controlling the resonant inductor energy, transfer circulating currents to the input or output, which reduces the loss energy in the converter and increases the efficiency. The proposed converter is fully analyzed, and to verify the theoretical analysis, a 300-watt prototype of the converter is implemented and tested, resulting in an efficiency of about 95.5% at full load.


The utility model discloses a disposable self-retraction type safe blood taking needle which comprises a shell body (1), a needle body (2), a sliding sleeve (3), a rear cover (4), an emission spring (5) and a retraction spring (6). The sliding sleeve (3) is installed in the shell body (1), the needle body (2) with a needle head (13) is arranged in the sliding sleeve (3) through the retraction spring (6), the rear cover (4) is arranged on the sliding sleeve (3) through the emission spring (5), and the blood taking needle is wholly formed. The disposable self-retraction type safe blood taking needle is simple in structure, and quite easy to operate, when in use, people just need to take the sliding sleeve to align with a blood taking portion and then slightly push the blood taking needle, under the mutual effect of slopes and the effect of the emission spring, and the needle body achieves automatic rotating and enables the needle head to be emitted out. After once emission is completed, the needle body can not again enter into a guide rail of the shell body to conduct twice emission, so that disposable use of the blood taking needle is guaranteed. A patient can not directly see the needle head, fear sensing is avoided, and safety of use is improved.


The conformational preferences of peptides forming parts of the sequence Val-Val-Asn-Pro-Gly-Gln-Val-Val have been studied by circular dichroism (CD) and nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) spectroscopy. The sequence is intended as a model for cross-β structures and keratins. CD spectra characteristic of type II β-bends are produced by Pro-Gly sequences: these have a maximum at 196–203 nm and a single minimum at 222–225 nm. Peptides with the sequence Asn-Pro-Gly have a CD spectrum attributable to a type I(III) β-bend with two minima at 200–205 nm and 220 nm respectively. N.m.r. data support the suggestion that the type I(III) bend is stabilised by H-bonding between the oxygen of the side-chain amide of Asn and the hydrogen of the main chain NH of the Gly (or other third) residue. Thus, sequences where such H-bonding is possible show shielding of the Asn amide protons, non-equivalence of CβH2 protons and low temperature dependencies of NH protons of the third residue for each peptide examined. Calculations of rotamer populations for the Asn amide side chain support these conclusions.


The present invention discloses a pixel structure, which includes a scan line and a data line, an active device, a pixel electrode and a common electrode. Active elements connected to the scan lines and data lines electrically. A pixel electrode connected electrically active device. A common electrode disposed to overlap the pixel electrode, wherein the pixel electrode and the common electrode is coupled to form a first storage capacitor and a second storage capacitor, a first storage capacitor and the second storage capacitor and the pixel electrode is used in common as the upper electrode.


Chemical characters of the quaternary natural gas and underground water are shown on the following tables and figures.On account of the invasion of the underground water current into the natural gas deposits caused by ordinary wells for agricultural water supply, there is no payable gas field in the downstream districts of the River Kiso and Ibi.But the writer thinks it is quite neccessary to survey the midstream district of these rivers (Amagun, Nakashima-gun, Haneshima-gun, Aichi Pref: Yasuhachi-gun, Yoro-gun, Umitsu-gun, Gifu Pref: Kuwana-gun, Mie Pref.) where the gas quality is better and the present wells are few.


Large action spaces is one of the most problematic aspects of turn-based strategy games for all types of AI methods. Some of the state-of-the-art algorithms such as Online Evolutionary Planning and Evolutionary Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) have tried to deal with this problem, but they required a fixed number of actions in each turn. In general strategy games, this assumption can't be held, as the number of actions that can be executed in a turn is flexible and will vary during the game. This paper studies pruning techniques and the insertion of domain knowledge to deal with high branching factors in a new turn-based strategy game: Tribes. The experiments show that, with the help of these techniques, MCTS can increase its performance and outperform the rule-based agents and Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms. Moreover, some insights into the tree shape and the behaviour of MCTS with and without pruning techniques are provided.


Trim system with radiant heat for lining the interior of a vehicle. It has particular application in the manufacture of roof panels with decorative functions, protection, insulation, safety, etc., proper to these elements of the passenger compartment of a vehicle, to which an additional function of heat emission is incorporated by radiation. The lining permits a heating function of the cabin or of the occupants using a power source, being integrated in the multilayer structure of the lining, which intervenes the substrate panel (5), a decorative coating (6), and the whole or radiant heat generating sets, preferably arranged on a lamina which acts support (3).