It is believed that oxidative damage is a primary reason for diabetes mellitus. In the present study, aqueous extract of a polyherbal formulation, Madhumehari in different concentrations was evaluated for its antioxidative and anti-hyperglycemic activities. The in vitro antioxidative activity of the drug was determined by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) assays; while, for the study of acute and subacute effects, healthy and alloxan induced diabetic male mice were used, respectively. In all in vitro assays the test drug showed significant antioxidative activity in concentration dependent manner. While in subacute drug study, diabetic mice showed increased levels of serum glucose, tissue LPO and water intake (p<0.001 for all) with a decrease in body weight (p<0.001), administration of different doses of the drug extract to diabetic mice showed significant (p<0.001) improvement in all these indices. However, as compared to higher doses, lower dose was found to be more effective. These findings indicated that for the treatment of diabetes mellitus Madhumehari is beneficial at lower concentration and this might be acting through free radical scavenging and/or inhibitory activity. Present findings also suggest that herbal drug may produce dose specific harmful effects. Obviously, one should avoid intake of un-recommended higher doses.


This study investigates the ability of speakers to imitate features from another dialect of their native language. Speakers from two different Norwegian dialects spoken in Stavanger and Trondheim produced speech material using their own and each other's dialect. Acoustic analysis involved the realization of lenited fortis stop consonants compared with lenis stops. In general, imitations by both groups were not completely successful. While Trondheim speakers showed insufficient reduction of closure voicing in imitated lenis and lenited stops, Stavanger speakers' imitations of lenis stops fell short of the Trondheim reference value for voicing. Imitations by both speaker groups were characterized by overshoot in the temporal domain in that V/C duration ratios for imitated lenis as well as lenited fortis stops were larger than the reference values.


Sodicity is one of the major salt stresses that impair crop production. Exopolysaccharide-producing sodic tolerant bacteria (EPS-STB) play a significant role in reducing the sodic stress in plants by hampering the uptake of sodium. In this context, this study aims to isolate the EPS-STB for alleviating sodic stress in rice under a sodic environment. Thus, artificial sodicity was created in culture media, and 253 bacteria were isolated from the rice rhizosphere of sodic soils in Trichy and Chinna Salem of Tamil Nadu in India. Fifty bacterial isolates were initially screened based on EPS production, sodic tolerant ability, and plant growth-promoting activities. Further, these bacterial isolates were identified using 16S rDNA sequencing. The results suggested that the isolated bacteria possessed biofilm-forming abilities along with plant growth-promoting activities and osmolyte accumulation under sodic stress conditions. Bacillus rugosus L1C7T, Bacillus paralicheniformis L1C5L, Pseudomonas sp. L5C14T and Franconibacter helveticus L2C1L2 were chosen as better EPS-STB plant growth-promoting bacteria, and their impact on rice under sodic conditions was evaluated. Among the sodic tolerant bacteria, Franconibacter helveticus L2C1L2-inoculated rice plants increased dry matter production compared to the control. Thus, this study showed that the utilization of EPS-STB will become a promising tool to alleviate sodic stress in rice.


Since ancient times there has been thislegendary saying in China:"It is onlythrough Shen Nong's efforts in tasting mis-cellaneous herbs that Chinese medicine andpharmacology came to be."This vividly il-lustrates the historical process of discoveringdrugs and gradually accumulating experi-ence by our ancestors in the course of their


In previous studies of T-cell subsets in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) it was noted that the ratio of T4:T8 lymphocytes is inverted.'" This appears to be a consistent finding in this disease as it has been observed in all but one patient reported to date.' In prior studies it was shown that patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and/or Kaposi's sarcoma had extremely low T4:T8 ratios ( < 0.5). In addition, asymptomatic promiscuous homosexual men had lower T4:T8 ratios than did monogamous homosexual men.' Further, epidemiologic studies showed that men who developed acquired immune deficiency disease had twice as much cumulative sexual activity as the age-matched controls? These findings suggest that sexual activity is statistically related to aberrations in the immunological system, at least in the T-lymphocytes. Other abnormalities that have been demonstrated in sexually active homosexual


Notch activation decreases peak outward K+ current density, as well as the outward K+ current components Ito,f and IK,slow. Gene expression studies in Notch-activated ventricles demonstrate upregulation of Purkinje-enriched genes Contactin-2 and Scn5a and downregulation of K+ channel subunit genes that contribute to Ito,f and IK,slow. In contrast, inactivation of Notch signaling results in increased cell size commensurate with increased K+ current


e12038Background: The Breast-DX Italy prospective study evaluated the impact of the 21-gene RS on adjuvant treatment decisions for early BC patients. Methods: The study was conducted in 9 centers of the Veneto Region (2 hub and 7 spoke). All consecutive patients with ER+/HER2-, T1 to T3, N0 to N1 early BC who met protocol-defined clinicopathological criteria for "intermediate risk" were included. Pre-RS and post-RS physicians' treatment recommendations and treatment actually received were collected. Results: From November 2014 to August 2016, n=124 N0 and n=126 N1 patients were enrolled (65% at hub and 35% at spoke centers). The majority had PgR+ (86%), G2 (71%) and pT1c (63%) BC. Median age was 55 yrs, median Ki67 was 20% (range 2-70%). The distribution of RS was: 30 (7%). Main factors associated with higher RS were G3 and higher ki67. The addition of chemotherapy (CT) to hormonal therapy (HT) was initially recommended for 48% of the patients (38% of N0 and 57% of N1 patients;...


Rhizome rot is a serious disease harm to the lotus,and its serious incidence can cause serious decrease of yield of lotus roots. In this test,the separation of pathogenic bacteria from diseased lotus root was finished,and the pathogens were cultured,and the type of the pathogen was Fusarium oxysporum which be determined from the aspects of biological characteristics,ITS sequence analysis and inoculated identification on pathogenicity. At the same time,toxicity determination of commonly used chemical pesticides to control lotus rot disease,such as carbendazim and chlorothalonil,was conducted in room by mycelium growth rate method to choose the most suitable fungicides. The test results showed that there were obvious differences in the inhibition effect on pathogen mycelia growth between different medicaments,and sulfur + carbendazim showed the most obvious inhibitory effects,its median inhibitory concentration( EC50) was 19. 87 μg/mL, and the next medicament was carbendazim with EC50104. 11μg / mL.


Facts box Phencyclidine (PCP), ketamine, D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and 3, 4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) have been variously referred to as schizophrenomimetics, psychotogens, or psychotomimetics. There have been many reports that these drugs can induce psychotic symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, formal thought disorder, or catatonia-like abnormalities) in the absence of delirium. here is abundant evidence that PCP induces psychotic disorder beyond the acute symptoms of intoxication. There is no clear evidence that either LSD or MDMA induces psychotic disorder, let alone schizophrenia, in individuals who did not have vulnerability to schizophrenia premorbidly. PCP and ketamine are noncompetitive antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic receptor that bind at the intrachannel site of the receptor to prevent calcium ion flux into the cell. LSD is a serotonin-like hallucinogenic indoleamine that acts as an agonist at the serotonin-subtype-2A (5HT2A) receptor, and MDMA is an indirect serotonin agonist. Rodent and primate models induced by PCP and analogues have been presented as models of human schizophrenia, with construct validity, showing homologous behavior, cognitive deficits, alterations in regional brain activation, and underlying neuronal dysfunction, to PCP-induced psychotomimetic effects in healthy volunteers and patients with schizophrenia. Ketamine is considered to be a safe and valid model of PCP psychosis and applicable to preclinical human studies. More translational science is needed to relate animal findings to humans and vice versa. In this chapter, the potential role of glutamatergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is examined from the perspective of the psychotomimetic effects of i) phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine, noncompetitive antagonists of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic receptor that bind at the intrachannel site of the receptor to prevent calciumion flux into the cell; ii) D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), a serotonin-like hallucinogenic indoleamine that acts as an agonist at the serotonin-subtype-2A (5HT2A) receptor; and iii) 3, 4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA), an indirect serotonin agonist.


According to the current status of China's building energy consumption,the article analyses the social and economic benefits of building energy conservation and the characteristics of building energy conservation projects,and puts forward countermeasures and developing direction.


We present S TORM , a web framework that allows developers to build MVC applications with compile-time enforcement of centrally specified data-dependent security policies. S TORM ensures security using a Security Typed ORM that refines the (type) abstractions of each layer of the MVC API with logical assertions that describe the data produced and consumed by the underlying operation and the users allowed access to that data. To evaluate the security guarantees of S TORM , we build a formally verified reference implementation using the Labeled IO (LIO) IFC framework. We present case studies and end-to-end applications that show how S TORM lets developers specify diverse policies while centralizing the trusted code to under 1% of the application, and statically enforces security with modest type annotation overhead, and no run-time cost. Abstract Our artifact contains (a snapshot of) the source code for the implementation of S TORM from § 5, the formally verifiedrefer-ence implementation λ S TORM described in § 6), the various policies, case-studies and applications used in our evaluation § 7. The artifact provides a we provide show Next, the shows how


The study aimed to uncover the socio-economic potentialities of Eucalyptus of existing prominent agroforestry systems in the rural landscape of Sitakunda and Mirsharai upazila of Chittagong district. Data were collected from 90 agroforestry practitioners irrespective of age, sex and occupation following a semi-structured questionnaire and 30 experimental plots were taken from three different agroforestry systems viz. homegardens, boundary of the crop field and on fallow lands, where farmers used to cultivate Eucalyptus as a component of agroforestry. To determine trends toward planting Eucalyptus, homegardens were categorized into three age group viz. ˂15 year, 15-30 year, ˃30 year. Considering age group of the homegardens, significant difference is prevailed among three types of homegarden. Average MAI of Eucalyptus in homegarden, crop field boundary and fallow land were 10.681m 3 h -1 yr -1 , 48.618m 3 h -1 yr -1 and 45.181m 3 h -1 yr -1 at an average age of 8.9 year, 6 year and 6.3 year respectively. Farmers are aware with the present controversies of Eucalyptus which is disclosing through mass media. All agroforestry practitioners believed that Eucalyptus is responsible for reducing agricultural crop production and it is applicable for other trees also. However, they are still planting Eucalyptus ignoring the controversies as it does not require intensive technical input and management.


An Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) machine for steel pipe's sample grooves was designed for being carried in hand. In this plant, a single-chip microprocessor is applied to generate pulse, to deal with inputs from keyboard, to send out alerts and to control a step-motor to supply automatic feed, and a separate dielectric fluid supply unit which can regulate dielectric flow rate is used to flush sludge. This plant is available for machining steel pipe's sample grooves in fieldwork.


Premier's Perspective hospital-based database was used to assess mortality, length of stay, and cost for major esophagus, stomach, and bowel procedures in patients with and without candidemia (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, code 112.5, disseminated candidiasis). Candidemia was associated with a 63.8% higher extreme risk of mortality, 37.1% greater in-hospital mortality, 61.2% longer mean length of stay, and 55.4% higher total costs. Antifungal drugs represented 4.0% and 2.4% of the total costs for patients with and without candidemia, respectively. General linear model analysis indicated that candidemia was associated with a significant increase of $15,727 in total costs (t = 5.87; P < 0.0001); antifungal drugs represent a small percentage of these costs.


In order to do the same distribution test for sea target detection accuracy,a statistic analysis was carried out for on-site target detection data.The result indicates that many error data conform with the same distribution or the same normal distribution.In comparison with the method χ~2 test,the symbol test and the sum of order test,it is concluded that χ~2 test is suitable to the same distribution test for sea target detection.A series of tests indicate that if a reasonable confidence level is selected,the voyages necessary for testing are decreased to 10%~50% of the original voyages.The test method can improve the confidence and accuracy of the test data, shorten the test period,and expand the application of weapon test for data processing and analysis.


Detailed introduction of the material selection for the armature of printed-armature motor is made here.Comprehensive consideration is made from the aspects of both Cu material and insulation material.


Upwelling ecosystems are particularly heterogeneous and present intense mesoscale (tens of kilometres) and submesoscale (hundreds of metres to kilometres) activity that are expected to drive the distribution of the organisms and thus their interactions. Here we addressed the impact of the physical forcing in the northern Humboldt Current system off Peru, which is characterized by the presence of an intense and shallow oxygen minimum zone and used the variability of the depth of the oxycline as a proxy of the physical forcing that impacts the epipelagic communities. We analyzed simultaneous high-resolution acoustic observations of the oxycline depth, the biomass in macrozooplankton, and the biomass in pelagic fish. Three complementary methodologies were considered: (i) geostatistical methods and correlation tests, (ii) principal coordinates of neighbour matrices, and (iii) wavelet analysis. Our results highlight the relevance of a multimethod framework to characterize the multiscale relationships between m...


The study deals with two "first" novels one of which was written by Georges Perec (1936-1982), the well-known author of 20th century French literature, while the other one is Kamel Daoud (1970), a present-day Algerian French writer. The manuscript, which had gone astray, was found by the researchers of his oeuvre in the writer's legacy. One of the locations of this early novel written in 1957 is the Belgrade of the time, and some of the characters are Serbian painters and art historians living in Paris. Yugoslav aspects give a peculiar feature to The Sarajevo Assassination (L'Attentat de Sarajevo). The essence of Daoud's bold experiment is a cross-opus dialogue the writer initiates with Albert Camus' classical work L'etranger.


A FTER two decades of worrying about a Chinese threat which proved to be of little substance, Western analysts should perhaps turn their attention to a different question: how do the Chinese see themselves as threatened and what dangers lurk in that formulation? 'Threat systems', in Kenneth Boulding's aphorism, 'are the basis of politics as exchange systems are the basis of economics.'" Boulding, it is true, was not writing primarily about international political systems but he does regard the international system as an unstable extension of the phenomenon:


- INTERAGROMASH 2019 INTERAGROMASH 2019 is the annual conference hosted by Don State Technical University, Russia with participation of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Rostov Region. Within the conference, the participants discussed a wide range of scientific and practical issues related to the current problems of agribusiness and sustainable development of agriculture in Russia and in the world. The main topics of the conference were 1. Agricultural and Environmental Engineering 2. Food Process Engineering and Technology 3. Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization 4. Organic Farming and Soil Management 5. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary 6. Crop Production and Food Security 7. Agricultural Lands Cadastre 8. Agricultural Planning and Economic 9. Agricultural Logistics and Freight Transport All conference participants and committee express their deep gratitude to the crew of IOP EES journal for the publication of selected papers of the INTERAGROMASH-2019 conference. Marco Pasetti Vera Murgul (Guest Editors)


In order to clarify the material removal characteristics of Al2O3 engineering ceramics in ultrasonic aided high efficiency lapping, a series of ultrasonic and conventional lapping contrast experiments were carried out on precision lathe with self-made ultrasonic lapping device. The research results show that the value of material removal rate in ultrasonic aided lapping is about 2~4 times that in conventional lapping, especially in ultrasonic axial lapping. In ultrasonic aided lapping, the better removal characteristics can not be obtained by adopting too high or too low lapping parameters, and there are optimum lapping parameters from which a higher material removal rate value can be achieved.


Innovative development of production in the current context becomes relevant due to an increase in the level of uncertainty. All this requires enterprises to use new approaches for doing business. Therefore, enterprises are increasingly focusing on the analysis of economic information indicators and their ranking, since they generally determine the features of innovative development. Economic data of business processes are classified as we akly structured and hardformalized, for which incompleteness, ambiguity and uncertainty of input data are typical. Therein, it is difficult to single out a sole formal criterion. When solving them, it is necessary to apply a complex of various indicators, which is based on the different degree of informational content. Purpose. The purpose of this article seeks in the development of a methodology for business analysis of economic indicators and their ranking on the priorities of informational content. In the paper, the authors based on a combination of factors of production and information systems, analyzed the approaches of expert estimation of ranking, described the main features of building a scale of relations, considered obstacle s and difficulties in solving the problems of business analytics of ranking in the context of uncertainty, classification stages of determining the quality ranks and the degree of pertaining to the rank. A model for estimating input information on the innovative development of enterprises-factors describing production activity, determined by means of Bayes' formula allowing to precise and list the probability values by using both known information and data of new observations in subsequent years was proposed.In order to exclude the subjectivity of experts it was suggested to consider the degree of Стаття надійшла до редакції: 26.07.2018 Received: 26 July 2018 Електронне наукове фахове видання з економічних наук «Modern Economics», No10 (2018), 146-151 https://modecon.mnau.edu.ua | ISSN 2521-6392 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 147 uncertainty of the true value of economic indicators as the entropy of their input information. It was established that the most informative parameter of business analytics of enterprises economic growth is the parameter, in which the difference between a priori and a posteriori information is of the least value. Results. The results of the conducted studies should be used to make the decisions on innovative development of productions, based on the ranking of information, contained in the economic indicators. Conclusions. In further studies, it is planned to scientifically substantiate the developing of trends and determining the forecast values of financial and economic indicators against the background of the environmental changes effect.


It is extremely difficult to predict daily accumulated power consumption of the entire building air‐conditioning facilities because of a huge number of variables. We propose new integrated state variables, i.e. the daily operation amount and the daily operation‐capacity‐weighted average set temperature. Taking advantage of a remote monitoring technology, time series data of the integrated state variables were collected and an autoregressive (AR) model prediction for the daily total power consumption has been tried. © 2010 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


In this issue of the Journal, Nagaya and colleagues 1 tested whether resting blood pressure and heart rate are each associated with the development of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged adults. The novelty of their study is the hypothesis that elevated blood pressure and heart rate are involved in the development of type 2 diabetes. Having failed to reject the null hypothesis of no association, the authors conclude that 'resting heart rate and BP [blood pressure] ... proportionately raise the risk for development of DM [diabetes mellitus] in middle-aged healthy men and women'. 1 However, it is not clear whether such


Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] seeds contain isoflavones, which have been associated with positive health effects in human adults but a negative effect on infants. Increasing or decreasing isoflavone content in the seed would be desirable; however, it is not known what impact this would have on agronomic and other seed quality traits. The main objective of this study was to determine if isoflavone content in soybean seeds was associated with changes in agronomic and seed quality traits. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with high (n = 35), intermediate (n = 35), and low (n = 35) isoflavone content, were selected from three F 4:5 populations grown in 2000 and planted at three locations in southern Ontario in 2002. There were significant differences among populations, environments, and their interaction for isoflavone content. High and low phenotypic classes were significantly different for maturity in all three populations. Despite a positive correlation between yield and isofiavones, several RILs with decreased isoflavone content (970 μg g -1 ) were identified with yields (4222 kg ha -1 ) comparable to high-yielding cultivars. Isoflavone content had minimal effects on oil content, seed quality, and weight. Population 1 showed a significant negative association between isoflavone and protein content, whereas Pop. 2 and Pop. 3 did not. RILs were identified with high isoflavone and protein content ranging from 1746 to 1851 μg g -1 and 431 to 442 g kg -1 , respectively. It was possible to develop soybean with desirable isoflavone content in the seed and superior agronomic and seed quality traits.


When Philip Roth published The Breast in 1972, the novella met with a flurry of notice. Some readers picked it up hoping to find Portnoy-like sexual outrageousness, and they weren't disappointed; others, predisposed to be offended, were, and they were likewise disposed to look no further, believing that Roth meant only to shock and titillate. [1] The Breast was clearly a work of its time in its explicit sexual references and flouting of manners, and its readings were perhaps overdetermined not only by the reputation of Portnoy's Complaint (1969) for unrestrained and taboo-breaking representations of sexuality but also by the rantings of Our Gang (1971), the rather coarse political satire that immediately preceded The Breast's publication, and, more broadly, by the novella's appearance on the American scene in the 1970s as part of a wave of transgressive cultural artifacts. One clue to the book's reception might be found in the puzzlement of a reviewer who asked "Why this conceit rather than another?" (Ridley) . The answer to this question will show The Breast to be a book not just of its time but ahead of its time. Roth anticipated recent investigations into subjectivity and, especially, the masculine subject. The Breast deserves a second look because it challenges some of the most deeply held oppositions--human versus nonhuman, masculine versus feminine, subject versus object, inside versus outside--that structure our thinking about the "self." [2] By forcing a confrontation with the manifold meanings of the gendered body--by representing the very fleshliness of gendering--Roth makes a valuable contribution to thinking about the conventions of subjectivity. When David Kepesh awakes to find that he has metamorphosed into a six-foot mammary gland, the existential question of identity becomes painfully centered on his physical condition. His anatomy is his destiny; he is rewritten bodily as Other. All that remains recognizable of David Kepesh to the outside world is his voice. Roth's book uncovers Kepesh's desperate desire to find that the voice, which most clearly represents the subject as a sentient being to the world, can affirm the possibility of an irreducible self, a self that cannot be altered--morally, psychologically, ontologically--by accident or design. To understand Roth's choice of conceit, however--why a breast rather than some other thing or creature or body part, and why a female body part?--it helps to start with his choice of narrative form. The novella makes no attempt to disguise its indebtedness to Kafka's Metamorphosis. [3] A professor of comparative literature familiar by trade with Kafka's transformation of Gregor Samsa into a gigantic inse ct, David Kepesh concludes that he has, with his own transformation, "out-Kafkaed Kafka" (82). While the metamorphic tradition in Western literature is long and honorable, [4] it is to Kafka we look for the way the metaphor of transformation points to the modern perspective on the human condition--as Geoffrey Green writes: born without our consent, our bodies made to God's order in often odd or peculiar shapes, who is there who has not experienced mystification at the arbitrariness of life? (39) In the allegory of metamorphosis, Kafka's emphatically rational and unquestioning presentation of the inexplicable provides Roth with a form for exploring the inalterability of the self. As Roth remarked to Hermione Lee: "My hero has to be in a state of vivid transformation or radical displacement. 'I am not what I am--I am, if anything, what I am not!'" ("The Art of Fiction" 182). How does one ask about the irreducibility of the self unless one can find a means to strip away all that may be reducible? How does one ask about the meaning of the body in relation to the self unless one can test that self against some ultimate physical otherness? One of the strengths of The Breast is the way in which Roth makes an absolutely implausible premise believable--precisely the lesson that he learned best from Kafka. …


This study was designed to study the effects of Amprolium (anticoccidial drug) on some productive and reproductive parameters in female rabbit. For this purpose, 24 nulliparous local breed rabbits, aged 7 months on average were divided into four groups of 6 animals each, and randomized into 24 cages. Amprolium was administered at doses of 0.00, 0.20, 0.32 and 0.80 g/L of drinking water for 8 weeks (4 weeks before and after mating). The average Amprolium intake from the calculated water consumption was 0.00, 32.00, 69.00 and 136.00 mg/kg body weight. The main results showed that the pregnancy length of treated rabbits decreased with increasing doses of amprolium, with a significant difference (p 0.05) on feed and water consumption, body weight gain, feed efficiency, average weight at birth, sex-ratio and viability of young rabbits in any of the study groups. These data demonstrated that Amprolium exerts an adverse effect on female fertility at all the considered doses.


The objectives of the research effort described in this paper are to develop and utilize a unified testing system for chemical and mineral additives in asphalt-aggregate mixtures. This system generates data on an additive's performance and mechanism of action in reducing moisture damage to asphalt concrete. This combination of data is demonstrated to be useful in developing significantly improved chemical additives and in predicting the long-term field performance of such additives. Overall, the described approach in testing is intended to represent the first steps toward a larger predictive test system which should fill the gap between the acquisition of basic knowledge and application of that knowledge to actual pavement construction situations.


Adopting questionnaire and experiments,this paper studied influences of teaching method of"Diagnoses and Goal-setting"on teaching effect.The study showed that method can avert the psychological influences arose genetic factor,and helps students with forming positive sensibility,exercise habit and correctitude attitude,so the goal of improving teaching impact is achived.


FIELD: medicine, endocrinology, biochemistry, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention proposes a pharmaceutical composition based on thiazolidinedione sensitizing agent of insulin and inhibitor of FBA-ase, method for treatment of diabetes mellitus and method for treatment of resistance to insulin or hyperglycemia using above indicated composition. Invention provides the effectiveness of treatment due to the synergetic effect of the composition components and to reduce adverse effects in mammals. EFFECT: valuable medicinal properties of composition. 141 cl, 4 tbl


At the time of writing, the New Year has started according to the Gregorian, Julian and Lunar calendars. It is perhaps not too late to wish our readers and contributors a successful new year in 2014. Our journal continues to prosper, thanks to the many people who publish their work in it, those who review manuscripts and those who are involved in the editorial and production processes. Our Thomson Impact Factor is inching its way up, from 1.06 in 2011 to 1.303 in 2012. The impact factor is a measure of something, arguably of quality and importance, but at least it is moving in the right direction. (Published: 27 February 2014) Citation: Int J Circumpolar Health 2014, 73 : 24020 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v73.24020


RESULTS OF LABORATORY TESTS INDICATE THE STRENGTH THAT CAN BE OBTAINED WHEN VARIOUS AMOUNTS OF CHICAGO FLY ASH ARE USED IN CONCRETE MIXES UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS. RESULTS OF A GROUP OF FREEZING AND THAWING TESTS SHOW THAT AIR-ENTRAINED CONCRETE MADE WITH AND WITHOUT CHICAGO FLY ASH ARE EQUALLY FROST RESISTANT. CHICAGO FLY ASH IN CONCRETE MADE WITH TYPE I PORTLAND CEMENT INCREASED RESISTANCE TO ATTACK BY SULFURIC ACID. THE TESTS WERE CONFINED TO FLY ASH FROM ONE ELECTRIC UTILITY COMPANY IN CHICAGO AND ARE NOT NECESSARILY APPLICABLE TO FLY ASHES FROM OTHER SOURCES. /AUTHOR/


I am very confident that the recently launched 5-year FET Strategy will provide the right balance between provision that has a primary focus on developing skills for the economy and courses that support core skills and personal development and are aimed at increasing equity, social inclusion and educational progression. Of course these latter programmes also assist learners on their journey to employment. Of the programmes with an economic focus, investment priorities will be determined by good quality labour market intelligence that identifies sectors with skills requirements over time. The Strategy contains strategic goals both on providing skills for the economy and on active inclusion. All programmes, regardless of their focus, will be reviewed over the lifetime of the Strategy. However, the Strategy recommends, subject to overall budgetary constraints, sustaining the levels of funding relating to literacy and numeracy and adult education in the immediate term. I am therefore not concerned that the FET Strategy will neglect non-tech or non-business related further education.


Daily boron intake, boron concentrations in post-shift urine, serum and semen of human body and their correlativities were analyzed in this paper. The result showed that daily boron intake of the three groups, boron exposure group, community control group and the control group, were respectively 31.3, 4.25 and 1.40 mg·d -1; boron concentrations of post-shift urine adjusted by creatinines of the three groups were 14.7, 4.49 and 1.58 mg·g -1, respectively; blood serum boron concentrations of the three groups were respectively 252、114 and 39.1 ng·mL -1; and semen boron concentrations of the three groups were 592, 281 and 146 ng·mL -1. There were significant logarithmic linear correlativity between daily boron intake and boron concentrations in post-shift urine, serum and semen, and the coefficients of determination of the regression equations were 0.856, 0.702 and 0.610, respectively. The correlativity between post-shift urine boron concentration and daily boron intake was the best and it was better to use boron concentration in post-shift urine to estimate boron exposure to humanbody. For boron concentrations of post-shift urine, blood serum and semen, significant logarithmic linear correlativities were found every two of them, among which the correlativity between boron concentrations in urine and serum was the best with the Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.801. Therefore, urine boron concentration could be used to estimate the boron level in serum and semen well. Finally, according to the condition of biomarker,urine boron concentration could estimate the external and internal of boron exposure perfectly. Therefore, boron concentration of post-shift urine was selected as the best biomarker for boron exposure.


In this article, I analyze Class Struggle in Alice Munro's selected short stories using Marxism as the main theory and Sociological theory of conflict as the supporting theory. Whilst, the method is qualitative content analysis in that I interpret and explain attitudes, behavior, and words of the characters in the texts through the theory of Marxism as the main theory and sociological theory of conflict as the supporting one. The result of this study is that the characters undergo class struggle caused by factors of their struggle. Change after the class struggle is visible, instead. Keywords :  class struggle, conflict. DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/70-06 Publication date: July 31 st 2020


Noise tomography usually works under the assumption that the inter-station ambient noise correlation is equal to a scaled version of the Green function between the two receivers. This assumption, however, is only met under specific conditions, e.g. wavefield diffusivity and equipartitioning, or the isotropic distribution of both monoand dipolar uncorrelated noise sources. These assumptions are typically not satisfied in the Earth. This inconsistency inhibits the exploitation of the full waveform information contained in noise correlations in order to constrain Earth structure and noise generation. To overcome this limitation, we attempt to develop a method that consistently accounts for the distribution of noise sources, 3D heterogeneous Earth structure and the full seismic wave propagation physics. This is intended to improve the resolution of tomographic images, to refine noise source distribution, and thereby to contribute to a better understanding of both Earth structure and noise generation.


The traditional role of pyridine nucleotides (PNs) – NAD(H) and NADP(H), as the key redox couples in the cytoplasm of all living cells is well known. The reversible conversion between oxidized and reduced forms of PNs does not affect the net levels of these molecules. Resynthesis of these metabolites arises due to their participation in signaling reactions. Recent discoveries in animal systems have shown that derivatives of PNs such as ADP-ribose, cyclic ADP-ribose, o-acetyl ADP-ribose, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate are important signaling molecules. Some of these metabolites are reported in plant responses to environmental perturbations. In animal systems it has been shown that derivatives of PNs are involved in at least three important post-translational modifications of proteins – poly(ADP)-ribosylation, mono(ADP) ribosylation and o-acetylation. Role of these modifications in plants are gaining increasing attention. Levels of these PNs in plant cells show considerable changes during various developmental stages indicating these molecules can serve as metabolic read out of cell fate. Recent studies in animal systems show that the redox state of PNs can serve as global metabolic regulators of gene expression. Arabidopsis mutants with altered PN levels show massive changes in gene expression further supporting the animal studies. Our understanding of the role of PNs in plants is only beginning. A systems biology approach will facilitate a thorough understanding of the versatility of these labile redox molecules in plant health and sickness.


In this article, we present a mechanistic understanding of the full redox electrochemistry of V(V)-V(IV)-V(III)-V(II) and the origin of the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) during electro-reduction of either V3+ or VO2+ in a highly concentrated mixed acidic solution based on both electro-analytical and computational approaches. First, we found that the VO2+/VO2+ redox reaction is well explained by the EC/EC square scheme. We also found that V3+ is electrochemically oxidized to V4+ and subsequently undergoes a transition to stable VO2+ via hydrolysis. From the voltammetric simulation, the difference of standard reduction potentials of V3+/VO2+ and VO2+/VO2+ are both small, and the corresponding voltammetric peak separations are only observed at slow scans using cyclic voltammetry. In V3+/V2+ redox reaction via voltammetric analysis at scan rates greater than 0.05 V/s, the voltammograms are well explained based on a simple 1e--transfer reaction scheme. However, at the longer time scale observed in the chronoamperograms with constantly applied potentials, where V3+ is electrochemically reduced to V2+, we found that a significant HER occurs because of possible formation of an electro-catalyst related to the V(II)O species, V(II)catalyst. This V(II)catalyst dissipates when electro-reduction of V3+ stops on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode. From the experimental results, we suggest that V(II)O is kinetically formed from V2+ via hydrolysis only when a local concentration of V2+ is high in the vicinity of a GC electrode surface, and V(II)O is adsorbed on a GC surface to form V(II)catalyst. To extend our mechanistic pathway, electro-reduction of VO2+ to V(II) was also analyzed, revealing that VO2+ is electro-reduced to VO+ and further reduced to VO in addition to disproportionation of VO+. Eventually, V(II)catalyst forms on a GC electrode, resulting in significant HER. The computational calculation strongly supports the possible formation of V(II)catalyst. The calculation shows that neither V3+ nor V2+ can form stable intermediates during the HER, while V(II)O has the highest proton affinity compared with V(III)O+ and V(IV)O2+, indicating a plausible electro-catalytic property of V(II)O for the HER. The presented mechanistic study for full V(V)-V(IV)-V(III)-V(II) redox reaction and formation of V(II)O-related vanadium catalyst for HER during electro-reduction of either V3+ or VO2+ provides a powerful guideline for understanding electrochemistry in a vanadium redox flow battery and the corresponding parasitic HER during the charging/discharge processes in a battery system.


Oxidation of biphenyl-2-sulphonamides with persulphate generated sulphonamidyl radicals which cyclised intra-molecularly to sultams. In contrast N-methyl-o-phenoxybenzenesulphonamidyl, similarly generated, rearranged to o-hydroxy-N-methyl-N-phenylbenzenesulphonamide. Oxidative cyclisation of biphenyl-2-sulphonic acid with persulphate is not practicable and gave only traces of an oxathiin.


We report simultaneous measurements of strain and photoelectron emission from high purity Al (1350), Al–Mg (5052), Al–Mn (3003), Al–Cu (2024), and Al–Mg–Si (6061) alloys under uniaxial tension due to pulsed excimer laser radiation (248nm). The emission of low-energy photoelectrons is sensitive to deformation-induced changes in surface morphology, including the formation of slip lines and slip bands. Alloy composition and surface treatment significantly influence the photoemission during deformation. Surface oxide enhances the signal-to-noise level during photoemission measurement. In the early stage of deformation (strain ⩽0.04), photoemission intensity increases gradually in a nonlinear fashion. While subsequent photoemission increases almost linearly with strain until failure in samples with thin oxide layer (∼31A), there are two linear segments of photoemission for the samples with oxide of 45A. The onset of strain localization corresponds to the intersection point of two linear segments, usually at a ...


firstname.lastname@example.com All-optical technologies promise to deliver new information-processing capabilities in terms of high speed, low energy consumption, and when quantum-mechanical features of light are exploited, enhanced protection again eavesdropping. An essential resource for these technologies is viable logical operations between optical signals. Unfortunately, their current realizations through direct nonlinear optical coupling are incapable of fan-out and/or suffer from excessive phase noise and quantum-state decoherence.


The assumptions of necessary rationality and necessary knowledge of strategies, also known as perfect prediction, lead to at most one surviving outcome, immune to the knowledge that the players have of them. Solutions concepts implementing this approach have been defined on both dynamic games with perfect information and no ties, the Perfect Prediction Equilibrium, and strategic games with no ties, the Perfectly Transparent Equilibrium.
In this paper, we generalize the Perfectly Transparent Equilibrium to games in extensive form with imperfect information and no ties. Both the Perfect Prediction Equilibrium and the Perfectly Transparent Equilibrium for strategic games become special cases of this generalized equilibrium concept. The generalized equilibrium, if there are no ties in the payoffs, is at most unique, and is Pareto-optimal.
We also contribute a special-relativistic interpretation of a subclass of the games in extensive form with imperfect information as a directed acyclic graph of decisions made by any number of agents, each decision being located at a specific position in Minkowski spacetime, and the information sets and game structure being derived from the causal structure. Strategic games correspond to a setup with only spacelike-separated decisions, and dynamic games to one with only timelike-separated decisions.
The generalized Perfectly Transparent Equilibrium thus characterizes the outcome and payoffs reached in a general setup where decisions can be located in any generic positions in Minkowski spacetime, under necessary rationality and necessary knowledge of strategies. We also argue that this provides a directly usable mathematical framework for the design of extension theories of quantum physics with a weakened free choice assumption.


Sparkling wines have a relevant economic value, and they are mostly produced worldwide with the Traditional method (in bottles) or with the Charmat method (in autoclave). Many varieties are employed in different viticultural areas to obtain white or rosé wines and red (Italy and Australia), with different sugar content. This review illustrates the most recent studies (last 5 years) on sparkling wines concerning innovative yeasts, aromatic profile, aging on lees, sugar types, base wine, new varieties, and innovative oenological techniques, which consider the effects on the sensory characteristics and the consumer preferences.


Large amplitude plasma waves excited by plates outside a plasma column are shown to decay parametrically into other plasma waves and electrostatic ion cyclotron waves, accompanied by efficient ion heating. 11 refs., 4 figs.


The Rayleigh-Plesset (RP) equation was derived from the first principles to describe the bubble cavitation in liquids in terms of macroscopic hydrodynamics. A number of nonequilibrium molecular dynamics studies have been carried out to validate this equation in describing the bubble inertial cavitation, but their results are contradictory and the applicability of the RP equation still remains to be examined, especially for the stable cavitation. In this work, we carry out nonequilibrium all-atom simulation to validate the applicability of the RP equation in the description of the stable cavitation of nano-sized bubbles in water. We show that although microscopic effects are not explicitly included, this equation still describes the dynamics of subnano-bubbles quite well as long as the contributions of various terms including inertial, surface tension, and viscosity are correctly taken into account. These terms are directly and inversely proportional to the amplitude and period of the cavitation, respectiv...


In this article researchers examined the differences that may characterise selected groups of gamers with regard to age and time spent on playing a survival game, Valheim, confronted with their interpretation of map symbols used in the game. The Valheim video game, which was released in early 2021, is a survival game set in a gameplay world inspired by Norse mythology. The authors of the article noted that the age factor and gaming experience may have different results in terms of the interpretation of cartographic products. The obtained data came from an online questionnaire. In the statistical analysis the authors employed the Pearson's chi-squared test and the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure to find statistically significant differences between selected groups of respondents and their subjective interpretation of map symbols. Statistical analysis showed several differences and interesting relationships in the interpretation of symbols in relation to the age of the players and in the interpretation of symbols in relation to the time spent in the game. For future research, it is worth continuing towards researching new video games with existing cartographic products in order to investigate how games and players influence the culture in which they participate.


VGG19-RAFFUNet-HESE cannot fully obtain the long-term information in the time/frequency domain conversion. Therefore, a single channel speech enhancement algorithm combining VGG19-RAFFUNet-HESE model and FED-former model is proposed. Firstly, FED-former model is embedded in the encoder and decoder of the original model. The Fourier enhancement module of FED-former model and the seasonal trend decomposition method are used to capture the global information of time series better in the coding layer. Then the depth and depth features are fused in the jumping connection part. Finally, the decoder part realizes the long sequence prediction in the forward transmission of information. The experimental results show that the algorithm can fully extract the information of long time series in frequency domain, and reduce the error of predicting long time series and the degree of speech distortion.


This article embarks on an exploration of what recent technical and popular discourses have called "the new world of cyberspace." Employing a cultural studies approach, it investigates the legacy, logic, and consequences of this appellation that appear to connect cyberspace to the Columbian voyages of discovery and the larger network of European expansionism. It therefore engages in a critical investigation of the colonial logic implied by this seemingly innocent taxonomy, examines its deployment in and significance for current research, and inquires about its position in the future of discourses written in and about cyberspace.


A novel dual-latching bidirectional linear actuator requiring only one solenoid is described and demonstrated as a bistable switch. The device uses a compact centrally located gapped magnetic flux circuit and a compound plunger design. The magnetic force profile is engineered through the use of multifaceted poles in order to achieve short switching times as well as large closure forces. The 220 /spl mu/m throw length can be switched over 600 times per second asynchronously with as little as 9 mW of power. The switching speed actually increases when burdened with a passive load such as an optical fiber.


We develop a numerical calculation scheme of a dynamics of the quantum network for linear molecular aggregates under time-dependent electric fields. Each molecule is assumed to be an electric dipole arranged linearly with an arbitrary angle from the longitudinal axis. This approximation is considered to be appropriate for the aggregates with large intermolecular distances and allows us to treat intermediate- and large-size aggregates without enormous direct calculations of the Coulomb interactions. The molecular interactions are taken into account by adding the radiations from these dipoles to the external electric fields. The dynamics is performed by solving the coupled Liouville equation constructed from the Liouville equation for each dipole. The effects of the retarded electric fields are evaluated with numerically exact precision by using the sixth-order Runge–Kutta scheme. As a simple example, we examine the linear aggregates involving two dipoles composed of two-state molecules under the continuous laser fields. The effects of the intensity of external fields, the intermolecular distances, and the angles between the dipole and the longitudinal axis on the population differences are investigated. The linear polarizability spectra are calculated by using the definition of nonperturbative polarizability. An abrupt change like the phase-transition behavior in the variation in the population differences for the applied field intensities is observed for the dimer models. Based on these results, we anticipate the population differences for larger (intermediate)-size aggregates. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 70: 77–87, 1998


To evaluate effect of dystocia on the lactation curve characteristics for milk yield and composition in Holstein cows, six non-linear models (Brody, Wood, Sikka, Nelder, Dijkstra and Rook) were fitted on 5,917,677 test day records for milk yield (MY), fat (FP) and protein (PP) percentages, fat to protein ratio (FPR) and somatic cell score (SCS) of 643,625 first lactation Holstein cows with normal calving or dystocia from 3146 herds which were collected by the Animal Breeding Center of Iran. The models were tested for goodness of fit using adjusted coefficient of determination, root means square error, Akaike's information criterion and Bayesian information criterion. Rook model provided the best fit of the lactation curve for MY and SCS in normal and difficult calvers and dairy cows with dystocia for FP. Dijkstra model provided the best fit of the lactation curve for PP and FPR in normal and difficult calvers and dairy cows with normal calving for FP. Dairy cows with dystocia had generally lower 100-d, 200-d and 305-d cumulative milk yield compared with normal calvers. Time to the peak milk yield was observed later for difficult calvers (89 days in milk vs. 79 days in milk) with lower peak milk yield (31.45 kg vs. 31.88 kg) compared with normal calvers. Evaluation of the different non-linear models indicated that dystocia had important negative effects on milk yield and lactation curve characteristics in dairy cows and it should be reduced as much as possible in dairy herds.


In recent years, more attention is paid to the use of ICT in education for more effective and successful studying in school especially in terms of teaching a foreign language. The Russian education market provides tools for preparing students for the oral part of the Unified State Exam in a FL, but there is no tool for the oral speech competition preparation. The paper provides the results of the study on using an online simulator for preparing schoolchildren for the speaking competition. The obtained results prove the fact that students need a means to prepare for the oral speech competition, since the respondents highly appreciated the usefulness of the simulator.


We investigate the term structure of zero coupon bonds when interest rates are driven by a general marked point process as well as by a Wiener process. Developing a theory that allows for measure–valued trading portfolios, we study existence and uniqueness of a martingale measure. We also study completeness and its relation to the uniqueness of a martingale measure. For the case of a finite jump spectrum we give a fairly general completeness result and for a Wiener–Poisson model we prove the existence of a time–independent set of basic bonds. We also give sufficient conditions for the existence of an affine term structure.


In this study, the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was investigated for the first time in lettuce samples taken from the neighborhood markets and markets in Aydın, and isolation and identification studies were carried out. Since E. coli O157:H7, which is important for public health, is one of the food-borne pathogenic microorganisms, it is aimed to create an important data source for regions with similar climatic characteristics with the prevalence and contamination status of the pathogen. As a result of isolation and identification studies of 100 lettuce samples taken from neighborhood markets and markets, a total of 17 (17%) E. coli O157:H7 samples were isolated and identified from all samples, 12 (12%) of pathogens were from markets, 5 (5%) were were obtained from samples taken from the markets. In line with the results obtained, it was stated that while the lettuce purchased from markets and markets poses a risk in terms of the presence of E. coli O157:H7, it is stated that preventive measures should be taken in the stages of cultivation, fertilization, irrigation, transportation and storage.


Abstract Celebrating the "rise of the East" after a 500-year interregnum, the author investigates the reasons why Europe surged forward through the Renaissance, followed by the industrial revolution, while this part of the world stood relatively still. Domination of the seas by European nations was, no doubt, a crucial factor that laid the foundations of their prosperity. A hoary maritime tradition and shipbuilding as well as seafaring skills notwithstanding, Asian nations failed to exploit the seas to their benefit for want of enterprise and ambition. The wheel having come full circle in the 21st century, the author sounds a note of caution as Asian nations, fortunes on the ascendant, stand on the threshold of a naval arms race. He counsels cooperation rather than conflict, and suggests that seas would have an important role to play in fostering peace and friendship.


We address the lately discovered Lagrangian density L of nonlinear electrodynamics preserving both conformal invariance and electric-magnetic duality to show that the quantity dual to L is K = 1 2 √ ΘμνΘ μν , where Θμν is the stress-energy tensor built out of this L. We point out that L and K make up a pair of canonically conjugate variables which can be regarded as local coordinates of a two-dimensional symplectic manifold. In modern theoretical physics we feel the need for what amounts to a variable conjugate to the Lagrangian L, or else a quantity dual to L in some sense. To illustrate, we refer to quantum gravity where the functional integration is easiest to treat in the Lagrangian formalism because the terms contributing to L are associated with geometric invariants, while the Feynman integral is normally defined in a phase space framework. The present letter makes a step toward the development of the desired concept. Our main concern here is with nonlinear generalizations of Maxwell's electrodynamics which enjoy the properties of conformal invariance and electric-magnetic duality. It may appear that the variable conjugate to L should be attributed to the metric stress-energy tensor T μν whose construction 1 T μν = 2 ∂L ∂gμν − g L (1) vaguely resembles the Legendre transform of L. However, L and T μν drastically differ in their transformation properties. We therefore will not try to offer universal definitions, and restrict our consideration to the theories patterned after electrodynamics. Nonlinear versions of electrodynamics preserving both electric-magnetic duality and conformal invariance were shown [1, 2] to be encoded in the one-parameter family of Lagrangian densities 2 L(S,P;α) = − 2 ( S coshα− √ S2 + P2 sinhα )


Psychological aspects are always playing vital roles in any field of work. Being a service sector,
the satisfaction level of Library and Information professionals has a direct impact on the services
which are rendered to users. In the purview of this aspect, authors have tried to assess the level
job satisfaction and expectations of Library and Information Science professionals from the
Indian original aspects.


purpose: discuss and analyze sport physical teaching of the computer aided teaching (CAI) under the artificial intelligence information environment; Method: introduce the basic composition of the computer aided teaching, conduct detailed analysis on CAI strengths and weaknesses, introduce the concept of intelligent computer aided teaching (ICAI) based on it, and investigate and analyze the undergraduate teaching conditions of 8 colleges such as Beijing Sport University by using the information query method, export interview method, export scoring method and investigation method by combining the early survey and research. Result: The investigation results display that the ICAI use of colleges improved remarkably. The average annual growth rate is about 8%. The ICAI satisfaction of the teachers and students is over 85%. Conclusion: ICAI is one brand-new pattern in the modern education teaching and is also one attempt, which should be guided and studied by related exports and scholars in future application.


By using the three-dimensional finite element method, five finite element models were established for twin-box girders used in cable-stayed bridges with the inclined webs of different thicknesses of 18 cm,24 cm,30 cm,35 cm and 40 cm.Spatial stresses distribution of the models was analyzed.The weak points of the twin-box single cross hammerhead sections and the stress variations with different inclined web thicknesses were summed up.Considering the action of the zones to adjacent the girder sections,the internal forces were exerted on two-end surfaces,which were obtained by the analysis of the plane structure of linear elements.Moreover,the weight,cable force and pre-stressed force including girder longitudinal,diaphragm transverse and inclined web vertical direction were considered.Based on the above,the three-dimensional stresses of the box girder with different thickness of the inclined web of cable-stayed bridge were analyzed.By the result of above working situation,stresses distribution characteristics of twin-box girders of cable-stayed bridge were indicated,and the reasonable designs were proposed.Analysis shows that the stress distributions of main girder are reasonable when the inclined web thickness is around 30 cm.


Objective:To evaluate the utility and neuropsychological correlates of serially performed recordings of event-related potentials (ERPs) in patients recovering from a severe closed head injury (CHI). Design:Prospective longitudinal study. Setting:Brain injury rehabilitation unit based in a national rehabilitation hospital. Subjects:Sixteen patients with severe CHI (significant degree of impaired consciousness greater than 24 hours) subclassified into two severity groups according to initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score:Those with initial GCS score<9, consistent with a more severe injury; and those with initial GCS score>8, indicating a less severe injury. Methods:ERPs were elicited using the standard auditory P300 "oddball" detection paradigm. ERP recordings were carried out three times: 2 months after injury, 1 month later, and 2.5 months or more after the initial study. Parameters analyzed included latencies and amplitudes of the P3, N2, P2, and Nl components of the ERPs. Correlations between changes in these ERP parameters and specific neuropsychological test results were evaluated. Results:Initial P3 latencies in the more severely injured group were significantly longer (P<.05) than those recorded in the less severely injured patients. In subsequent recordings, P3 latency was found to be significantly shorter compared with the initial P3 latency, and the difference in P3 latency between the two patient groups was no longer statistically significant by the time of the third recording. For the group as a whole, P3 latency decreased significantly on each repeated recording. N2 latency was found to be significantly shorter (P<.05) between the first and third recordings. Cognitive performance significantly improved between the first and third recordings. P3 latency shortening was correlated with improvement in neuropsychological test scores for short-term and long-term story recall and for word recall. N2 latency shortening was correlated with improvement in the neuropsychological test scores for word recall only. Conclusion:ERP recordings performed in the subacute stage after CHI may assist in evaluating injury severity. Moreover, serially performed recordings of P3 latency may be used as a physiologic index of brain activity that correlates with recover)' from CHI.


MRAM(magnetic random access memory) is a promising candidate for a universal memory with non-volatile, fast operation speed and low power consumption. The simplest architecture of MRAM cell is a combination of MTJ(magnetic tunnel junction) as a data storage part and MOS transistor as a data selection part. This article will review the general development status of MRAM and discuss the issues. The key issues of MRAM technology as a future memory candidate are resistance control and low current operation for small enough device size. Switching issues are controllable with a choice of appropriate shape and fine patterning process. The control of fabrication is rather important to realize an actual memory device for MRAM technology.


We consider the problem of transmitting compressed still images over lossy channels. In particular, we examine the situation where the data stream is partitioned into two independent channels, as is often considered in the multiple descriptions approach to image compression. We introduce a coder design called smoothed descriptions, which matches a data partitioning method utilized at the encoder to the error concealment technique employed at the decoder. This approach has the advantage of inserting minimal overhead into the transmitted data streams, so that system performance is undiminished when there are no packet losses over the channel. We show that, by using a combination of DC averaging and maximal smoothing to conceal errors, performance comparable to or better than multiple descriptions can be achieved for packet loss rates up to 5%. By adding a feedback loop that requests retransmission of important data, we also demonstrate the need to exploit latency whenever possible.


In this paper, we propose a novel medical registration approach based on minimal spanning tree. The proposed approach has the following contributions. (1) Compared with single type of feature points, we extracted corner-like and edge-like points from image, and added a few random points to cover the low contrast regions. (2) Instead of fixing the multi-feature points in the whole procedure, they are hierarchically updated at different registration stages. (3) Based on the feature points, in addition to using pixel intensity, we also added region based feature to include more spatial information. The proposed method is evaluated by performing registration experiments on Brain Web. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better robustness while maintaining good registration accuracy, compared to the conventional normalized mutual information (NMI) based registration method.


While the world economy slowed slightly in 2005 it is now clear that strong growth remains in the US, Japan, China, India and several other non-OECD countries. While the Euro Area has been a slow performer there are now signs of a broad based recovery even in Germany. We suggest that there is still a problem translating increased activity into higher incomes and therefore Germany could be losing out on some consumption gains.


The hnRNP Nab2 is associated with actively transcribed RNAPII and RNAPIII genes. Nab2 has a function in RNAPII transcription and participates in tRNA metabolism and ribosomal subunit export, and, as a consequence, nab2 mutations confer translation defects. Results support Nab2 as a key regulator of gene expression.


Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are developed with a view to fostering better health care outcomes through the dissemination of knowledge of best practice and to reduce variations in clinical practice, as a response to medical malpractice litigation. CPGs have the potential to increase the number of medical negligence claims, by enabling better identification of negligent injuries and the use of CPGs in medical negligence litigation leads to doctors being held liable for a failure to follow a CPG.


The newly derived individual parallaxes from our previous kinematic study of the Lupus association have been used in this paper to determine the photospheric luminosities and refine the masses and ages of the TTS population in this SFR. We investigated the mass and age distributions of CTTSs and WTTSs in the Lupus association.


The contribution of thoracic duct obstruction to lymphatic flow disorders has not been well‐characterized. We describe imaging findings, interventions, and outcomes in patients with suspected duct obstruction by imaging or a lympho‐venous pressure gradient (LVPG).


A Chinese medicine in the form of oral liquid for treating the cold of baby is prepared from 20 Chinese-medicinal materials including honeysuckle flower, forsythia fruit, isatis root, mint, etc. Its preparing process is also disclosed.


Pingxiang culture has a long history, the spread of Pingxiang culture is conducive to the rapid development of Pingxiang economy, but there are many factors affecting the spread of culture, based on the existing research, this paper studies the spread of Pingxiang culture. This paper constructs the index system of cultural communication, and with the help of fuzzy mathematics, constructs a mathematical model to objectively evaluate the efficiency of cultural communication in Pingxiang area. In order to promote the prosperity and development of Pingxiang culture, make a certain contribution to the economy and make the people live a better life, we put forward the following suggestions.


In an effort to increase spatial resolution without adding additional meshes, an adaptive mesh was incorporated into a two-dimensional Lagrangian hydrodynamics code along with two-dimensional flux corrected (FCT) remapper. The adaptive mesh automatically generates a mesh based on smoothness and orthogonality, and at the same time also tracks physical conditions of interest by focusing mesh points in regions that exhibit those conditions; this is done by defining a weighting function associated with the physical conditions to be tracked. The FCT remapper calculates the net transportive fluxes based on a weighted average of two fluxes computed by a low-order scheme and a high-order scheme. This averaging procedure produces solutions which are conservative and nondiffusive, and maintains positivity. 10 refs., 12 figs.


ABSTRACTHome prices are regarded as an important determinant for consumption and considered to be a leading indicator for the economy. However, homebuyers' evolving preferences on new or existing characteristics can have different impacts on housing price for different homebuyers differently. Thus, regional home price differences may be due to differential effect in homebuyers' preference that is reliant on individuals' wealth barometer. In general, housing market in a region with higher median home values would also have a higher household income. This gives credence to the proposition that region with higher percentage of high income earners are instrumental for elevated home price. The unequal distribution of economic pulsation is in part dependent on the concentration of wealth that is different in different geographic locations. It is expected that housing prices are determined by income and therefore wealth, but it is not certain that there is a differential effect on home value due to different regions. Thus, the objective of this study is to understand the dynamic relationships of the wealth effect and regional effect on the home value. In particular, statistically significant relationship between home value and wealth factor dissimilarity due to locational differences are observed. Moreover, after controlling for population size and unemployment rate, wealth factor impacts the value of the house positively across the regions.(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)INTRODUCTIONHousing market literature has presented a variety of housing characteristics to explain home value. Regression analysis is typically applied to identify the direction of the relationship between home value and these housing characteristics. Predicting home value can be daunting as homes in general contain countless physical attributes that influence their values and can include lot size, square footage, number of bedrooms, number of bathrooms, and other characteristics (Zietz, Zietz, & Sirmans, 2008). Popularity for this avenue of study has been highlighted by Sirman et al.'s (2005) review of studies that listed age of home and square footage to be the structural features frequently found to affect the selling price of a home. Amenities such as fireplaces, central air-conditioning, and patios were also found to influence home price positively. Neighborhoods' attributes both natural and manmade were also major components for home valuations. School districts, access to local parks and recreations have positive impacts on housing prices (Clark & Herrin, 2000; Downes & Zabel, 2002; Figlio & Lucas, 2004; Reback, 2005; Seo & Simons, 2009; Garcia, Montolio, & Raya, 2010). However, homebuyers' evolving preferences for particular characteristics continues and thus new or existing characteristics can have different impacts on housing price at different points in time and for different homebuyers differently (Malpezzi, 2003). As a result, home characteristic studies continue to be published to maintain a contemporary understanding of predictors' behavior on the home price. Other additions to the home value literature consider how differences in regional home price due to different geographic locations can create a differential effect in homebuyers' preference.Home prices are regarded as an important determinant for consumption (Case, Quigley, & Shiller, 2005) and considered a leading indicator for the health of the economy. This is a serviceable surrogate variable for understanding the immensity of consumerism in the U.S. because trends in home price are a simple tool to infer economic health by city, state, region, and country. Other types of buying decisions made by individual consumers are less desirable indicators because the data is more difficult to capture as choices are almost limitless in number and occur for anyone homeowner in a variety of locations. Moreover, frequent change in consumer buying trend makes buying behavior for most consumer goods an unreliable representation of economic health across different geographic regions and time periods. …


XeF doped solid Kr represents a novel solid state exciplex laser. A net gain in excess of 100 cm−1 and a superradiant beam of 5 mrad divergence are observed over the XeF(D→X) transition at 301 nm, when free standing crystals of XeF doped Kr are optically pumped near the XeF(D←X) absorption maximum at 260 nm. Superlinear dependence of gain on pump intensity and low divergence of the amplified beam are taken as evidence for self‐focusing. The XeF(D) state is effectively isolated from the lower manifold of charge transfer states in solid Kr, which includes XeF(B,C) and (KrXe)+F−.


Sun-dried green tea was fermented by inoculation of Monascus purpure MPT13.Fermentation medium was optimized using single factor test.HPLC analysis showed that the content of lovastatin of fermented samples by MPT13 were 0-0.199mg/g.These were significant higher than that of the control fermented samples which did not inoculated MPT13(0mg/g).Chemical analysis and sensory evaluation showed that the content of chemical components of samples fermented with MPT13 were higher than those of the controls,and have special features in aroma and color as well as the characteristics of traditional pu-erh tea.


Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is the most common type (80%) of noninvasive breast lesions. The lack of validated prognostic markers, limited patient numbers and variable tissue quality significantly impact diagnosis, risk stratification, patient enrolment, and results of clinical studies. We performed label-free quantitative proteomics on 50 clinical formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded biopsies, validating 22 putative biomarkers from independent genetic studies. Our comprehensive proteomic phenotyping reveals more than 380 differentially expressed proteins and metabolic vulnerabilities, that can inform new therapeutic strategies for DCIS and IDC. Due to the readily druggable nature of proteins and metabolites, this study is of high interest for clinical research and pharmaceutical industry. To further evaluate our findings, and to promote the clinical translation of our study, we developed a highly multiplexed targeted proteomics assay for 90 proteins associated with cancer metabolism, RNA regulation and signature cancer pathways, such as Pi3K/AKT/mTOR and EGFR/RAS/RAF.


There is a high demand for Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt) seedlings but a limited supply. To optimize the micropropagation system, and to evaluate the feasibility of replacing sucrose by table sugar, the effects of commonly used plant growth regulators (PGRs) and carbon sources on its multiplication ratio (MR) and mean shoot length (LS) were examined. MR and LS were significantly affected by different types of auxins and cytokinins, as well as their concentrations except little impact of auxin concentrations on LS. Treatments containing indole acetic acid (IAA) and indole butyric acid (IBA) achieved higher MR and LS than that containing naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and the highest MR was 5.7 with 1.6 cm of LS in the treatment containing 0.1 mg L IBA. Except kinetin (KT), low content of thidiazuron (TDZ) accomplished a high MR of 4.8 but less shoots growth, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and zeatin (ZT) clearly increased the multiplication and shoot growth. The highest MR of 5.2 with LS of 2.8 cm was achieved in the presence of 4.0 mg L BAP. Table sugar was an ideal substitute for sucrose, therefore, the cost of mass-scale production could be drastically reduced without compromising on the quality and quantity of plantlets.


This invention discloses a rolling test device, comprising a load device that rolls the test samples horizontally under the power of drive unit, wherein the drive unit comprises at least one front wheel and two back wheels; a pressure pickup, being set to the horizontal motion curve of the load device, used for testing the pressure value of the front wheel under motion state; a control identification device, being connected with the pressure pickup and the drive unit, used for controlling power output of the drive unit as well as identifying the pressure value detected by the pressure pickup. This rolling test device increases the stability of the load device by setting at least three wheels with each of these wheels not in a straight line, at the same time, the load device will be measured by the pressure pickup before rolling the test samples to get an accurate pressure value of the tangent point between the front wheel and the track.


Testicular cancer survivors are at risk for cardiovascular disease, often preceded by development of cardiovascular risk factors after chemotherapeutic treatment. Therefore, close collaboration between oncologists and primary care physicians (PCPs) is needed during follow-up to monitor and manage cardiovascular risk factors. The objective of this study was to test the safety and feasibility of shared-care follow-up after treatment for metastatic testicular cancer. We designed a shared-care survivorship program in which testicular cancer patients visit both their oncologist and their PCP . Design, Setting, and Participants The study was designed as an observational cohort study with a stopping rule to check for the safety of follow-up. Participants were patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy for metastasized testicular cancer. Safety boundaries were de fi ned for failure of an adequate response to signals indicating cancer recurrence. Secondary outcomes were performance of cardiovascular risk assessments, psychosocial status and patient preferences measured with an evaluation questionnaire.


Guide of resources related to the many aspects of research data management. This guide was created thanks to generous support from the UW Friends of the Libraries . Publications available through the Libraries on data management, data curation, data science and related.


The invention discloses an implanted neural adjustment and control system. The implanted neural adjustment and control system is used for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract functional diseases, obesity and diabetes. The implanted neural adjustment and control system includes electrodes which are buried at specific subcutaneous acupoints and a stimulator; the electrodes include one or more needle-shaped electrodes; the electrodes are arranged at preset acupuncture and moxibustion points through subcutaneous implantation; and the electrodes are connected with the stimulator, so that electric waves can be passed to stimulate a body tissue. The implanted neural adjustment and control system of the invention has a nerve stimulation or nerve adjustment and control function. With the implanted neural adjustment and control system adopted, traditional acupuncture can be fundamentally improved. According to the implanted neural adjustment and control system, the electrodes are buried under skin chronically through using a minimally invasive technique, and are connected with the stimulator, and stimulation parameters can be adjusted specifically, and the situation that the electro-acupuncture therapy parameters are unknown can be changed; the treatment course of a patient can be extended to a daily course, and treatment can be carried out by two times to three times per day, and the patient can be treated at home, so that the patient does not need to go to a hospital and a clinic, and great conveniences can be provided.


The field of 3D printing is growing rapidly and offers a wide range of potential applications, particularly with the use of Shape Memory Polymers (SMPs). However, current studies on SMP-based 3D printing have mainly focused on structural design and deformation behavior. To enhance the practicality of 3D printed structures, the ability to change color is highly desirable, especially for applications such as anti-counterfeiting, encryption, and bioinspired camouflage. This paper presents the fabrication of a UV-curable PUA-based Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) system with thermochromic and photochromic capabilities. The system is acrylate-based, making it highly UV-curable and compatible with high-resolution 3D printing techniques. Thermo/photochromic effects are achieved by adding thermochromic microcapsules to the system, resulting in printed structures that can change color upon heating or UV) exposure. The printed parts with multi-color hidden information, such as QR codes and digital numbers, were successfully demonstrated through the printing of various anti-counterfeiting patterns.And the expriment results show the exceptional multi-functional performance including shape recovery and thermo/photochromic. The development of this UV-curable PUA-based SMP system represents a significant advancement in the application of SMP-based 3D printing for anti-counterfeiting and secure data recording.


As publishers of journals and books increasingly require illustrations to be provided as digital images, scientists and others in turn need to add new technical skills to their repertoire. This article succinctly covers the basics of selecting a digital camera, making a proper exposure, and performing basic editing of images with Adobe Photoshop.


A transmission method of receiving equipment control information, after dividing receiving equipment into plural groups and recording location information of each receiving equipment in each group in a base station, and storing the information of each group and the location information in the group thereof on the receiving equipment, the method comprising the following steps: the base station encodes the control information of the receiving equipment to be written into corresponding areas, to create indication information of the area of the control information, where at least comprising correlated area mark, information of the group of the receiving equipment and information whether the receiving equipment needs decoding in the corresponding area; the base station writes the indication information into the area of the control information or an area before, and transmits the control information and the indication information to the receiving equipment via downlink sub frame. With the invention, a terminal decodes information of certain areas of the downlink sub frame selectively via the receiving the indication information transmitted from the base station, to increase stand-by time of the terminal, and reduce bit number necessary for the indication information via bring group conception.


Speech is a convenient hands-free communication channel where humans are already experienced users. It can implicitly create trustfulness between two operators and lead to a comfortable and natural collaborative environment. As stated in existing literature, speech interaction could increase efficiency and improve certain aspects of Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC). Anyway, speech recognition in industrial scenarios presents different challenges: the typical noisy environment can affect dramatically the interaction performance, leading to an unacceptable inaccuracy in understanding the uttered intention.In this work, we propose and evaluate a modular system for robust and natural speech interaction in challenging acoustical environments. The system has been integrated and tested in a realistic HRC scenario in which the acoustic interaction and efficiency have been evaluated. The developed framework focuses on decreasing the requirements in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, providing a methodology to evaluate the naturalness of the interaction and improvements in efficiency.The solution is designed with a modular approach, providing an easy configuration for ROS-based systems. In this way, it allows a simple integration in existing applications and future research projects, where a dual speech-based interaction can increase the overall performance of the HRC.


The brief history of International Measurement Confederation (IMEKO) is described. The contribution of SICE to IMEKO since its participation is reviewed and the prospect of future activity of SICE related to IMEKO is summarized.


Objective:To synthesize a new copolymer with functional groups in order to increase the cell adhesion of PDLLA.Methods:Poly(LA-co-(Glc-alt-N~e-Carbonylbenzoxy-L-Lys)) was synthesized by ring opening copolymerization of D,L-lactide with 3S-[N~e-(carbonylbenzoxy)-L-lysyl]-2,5-morpholinedione which was prepared by cyclization of N~α-Bromoacetyl-lys(Z).The copolymerization was carried out in the bulk at 150℃ using stannous octoate as an initiator and use the mole fractions(0.1,0.2 and 0.3) of 3-[N~e-(carbonylbenzoxy)-L-lysyl]-2,5-mor-pholinedione in the feed.The copolymers were characterized with FT-IR,(()~1H)-NMR and(()~(13)C)-NMR.Results:The FT-IR,(()~1H)-NMR and(()~(13)C)-NMR showed the synthesis of the products.The mole fractions of 3-[N~e-(carbonyl benzoxy)-L-lysyl]-2,5-morpholinedione could be calculated from the(()~1H)-NMR.Conclusion:N~e-(Carbonylbenzoxy)-L-lysine was introduced into the main chain of PDLLA.The composition of the copolymer can be adjusted according to the ratio in feed.


Summary. More than seventy underground nuclear explosions detonated in the Tuamotu Archipelago of French Polynesia have been detected on the short-period vertical Benioff seismograph at Rarotonga in the Cook Islands. Early data suggested that the duration of the T-phase provides a better estimate of the magnitude of the events than does the amplitude, but with more data now available it has been shown that amplitude is in fact the more reliable parameter. Data prior to 1980 are more scattered than those since. This appears to be related to the substantially different station network in those early years, compared with the later period, and suggests some unreliability in early data. Station corrections have been extracted and improved estimates of the magnitudes of the events obtained.


Making decisions to determine the current stage of technology life cycle (TLC) based on reliable data, is necessary. The inherent links between patents and science and technology make them essential sources for data on any technology. In the light of this, and considering the importance of patent information for the firm's strategic decisions, we have attempted to use patent data as a source of information to identify the level of a technology in the S-Curve. This paper starts with the literature review of the life cycle and the role of patents at the various stages of technology development, and then focuses on a technology trend analysis framework using patent data, and discusses the life cycle of CO2 injection technology in the upstream sector of worldwide oil and gas industry. In the final section, the results are presented based on the analysis of the patent data on CO2 injection technology as were recommendations concerning the application of the methodology in future studies as it might be an effective tool for better analyzing any desired technology.


This research investigated the applicability of lidar data for estimating population at the census block level using a volumetric approach. The study area, near the urban downtown area of Denver, Colorado, was selected since it includes dense distribution of different types of residential buildings. A modified morphological building detection algorithm was proposed to extract buildings from the lidar-derived surfaces. The extraction results showed that the modified morphological building detection algorithm can effectively recover building pixels occluded by nearby trees. The extracted buildings were further refined to residential buildings using parcel data. Two approaches (i.e., area- and volume-based) to population estimation were investigated at the census block level. Four regression models (i.e., simple linear regression, multiple linear regression, regression tree using one variable, and regression tree using multiple variables) were used to identify the relationship between census population and the area or volume information of the residential buildings. The volume-based models overwhelmingly outperformed the area-based models in the study area, and the models using multiple variables yielded more accurate estimation than the single variable models. The volume-based regression tree model using multiple variables yielded the most accurate estimations: R 2 = 0.89, RMSE = 21 people, and RRMSE = 26.8 percent in the calibration site; and R 2 = 0.80, RMSE = 27 people, and RRMS E = 30.1 percent in the validation site. As the results show, the volumetric approach using lidar remote sensing is effective for population estimation in regions with heterogeneous housing characteristics.


Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) are currently among the most studied two-dimensional (2D) materials. Based on first-principles calculations we propose a new family of 2D materials which resemble TMDC's, but contain more complex chemical groups instead of elemental chalcogen atoms. In particular, we identify various stable 2D polymorphs of molybdenum di-thiocyanate, Mo(SCN)2, with structures akin to those of MoS2. The most stable Mo(SCN)2 polymorphs are semiconductors with small energy band gaps, whereas a higher-energy structure is metallic. Since the calculated formation energies of MoS2 and Mo(SCN)2 are comparable, the synthesis of the latter should be feasible.


Significance Trees' branches grow against the pull of gravity and toward light. Although gravity and light perception have been studied in model species, much is unknown about how trees detect and respond to these signals. Here, we report the identification of a gene (WEEP) that controls lateral branch orientations and is directly or indirectly required for gravity responses in trees. Loss or reduction of WEEP expression produced branches that grow outward and downward and did not exhibit normal gravitropism responses when displaced. WEEP is conserved throughout the plant kingdom and may be involved in gravity perception. WEEP may also be a valuable target for breeding or engineering trees with improved shapes for agricultural and landscaping applications. Plant shoots typically grow upward in opposition to the pull of gravity. However, exceptions exist throughout the plant kingdom. Most conspicuous are trees with weeping or pendulous branches. While such trees have long been cultivated and appreciated for their ornamental value, the molecular basis behind the weeping habit is not known. Here, we characterized a weeping tree phenotype in Prunus persica (peach) and identified the underlying genetic mutation using a genomic sequencing approach. Weeping peach tree shoots exhibited a downward elliptical growth pattern and did not exhibit an upward bending in response to 90° reorientation. The causative allele was found to be an uncharacterized gene, Ppa013325, having a 1.8-Kb deletion spanning the 5′ end. This gene, dubbed WEEP, was predominantly expressed in phloem tissues and encodes a highly conserved 129-amino acid protein containing a sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain. Silencing WEEP in the related tree species Prunus domestica (plum) resulted in more outward, downward, and wandering shoot orientations compared to standard trees, supporting a role for WEEP in directing lateral shoot growth in trees. This previously unknown regulator of branch orientation, which may also be a regulator of gravity perception or response, provides insights into our understanding of how tree branches grow in opposition to gravity and could serve as a critical target for manipulating tree architecture for improved tree shape in agricultural and horticulture applications.


A positive photosensitive resin composition is provided to have photosensitivity, develop with alkali solution and have thermal resistance of resist pattern. A positive photosensitive resin (100) composition comprises: a polybasic anhydrous variation phenol resin which is produced by reacting a polybasic anhydride in phenolic hydroxyl group; a compound which generates acid by the light; a thermal crosslinking agent; and solvent.


The aim with this bachelor thesis was to gain a greater understanding for the power media holds in today's society. To approach this we used a quantitative content analysis, were we analyzed 102 ar ...


Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of the dimethylamine salt of MCPA {[(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy] acetic acid} pretreatment, darkness from 1 day prior to treatment until harvest, and exogenous sucrose on diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxyl] propanoic acid} glucose, and sucrose uptake and translocation by wild oat (Avena fatua L.). Uptake of 14C-diclofop label by wild oat foliage was not influenced by MCPA pretreatment, constant dark treatment, or the addition of exogenous sucrose. Total 14C-diclofop and 14C-glucose label uptake and translocation were similar whether 5 cm of the treated leaf tip were placed in distilled water or 1% (w/v) sucrose. Downward translocation of 14C-diclofop, 14C-sucrose, and 14C-glucose label in the phloem of wild oat was reduced similarly by MCPA, constant dark treatments, or a combination of the two. Upward translocation of 14C-diclofop label was greater and exudation of 14C-diclofop label into the 'tip' solution was less than that of 14C-sucrose or 14C-glucose label, regardless of MCPA or constant dark treatments. Downward translocation of 14C-diclofop label was reduced as much by MCPA topically applied to the wild oat leaf 1 cm above, 1 cm below, or with the diclofop as with the MCPA broadcast pretreatment.


Based on a home‐made Monte Carlo simulation, the electron backscattering coefficient, mean penetration depth, transmission probability, and transmission energy distribution of 1–5 keV electron normally incident penetrating in indium thin film targets have been computed. The trend of all features of interest as a function of the indium film thickness at both nanometric scale region and bulk material region has been examined and discussed. The present predictions may be seen as the first investigation regarding 1–5 keV electrons impinging on indium thin film targets. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


It is dangerous but important to destroy waste explosive materials by explosion.So the design and the site for destruction must be decided with caution.Every step must be arranged carefully,or not only may waste materials be destroyed incompletely,but also it may cause an accident and induce secondary disaster.Different sites for destruction were elaborated and analyzed by engineering examples,which provide a reference for similar situations in future.


Prospects of development of a baking production and the Russian market of bakery products, including functional purpose products are considered. The material to a substantiation of working out and a quality estimation in the bakery and flour confectionery products enriched by irreplaceable food substances is presented.


Enterprise input-output modeling (EIOM) can be used in a process of decision making for many purposes. In this paper the cost price models are developed to perform cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis in a mass-production with the complex structure of a production process. An illustrative example trom the chemical industry is also presented, with the purpose to show the effect of a single factor or combination of factors (sales volume, level of activity, and selling/supply prices) on the financial results.


This work evaluates the possibilities for estimating stomatal conductance (C) and leaf transpiration (Trf) at the ecosystem scale from radiometric indices and surface temperature. The relationships found between indices and the transpiration component of the water balance in a semiarid tussock ecosystem in SE Spain are discussed. Field data were collected from spring 2008 until winter 2009 in order to observe the annual variability of the relationships and the behaviour of spectral indices and surface temperature. The results showed that best relationships with leaf transpiration were found with the PRI index and the Red-Green ratio (r2 > 0.86 for both), and with the vegetation temperature minus the air temperature (Tc – Ta) (r2= 0.54). For stomatal conductance, several indices showed good agreement (r2 > 0.7) with measurements, TCARI/OSAVI, NDWI, SRWI, R760 / R500 and R800 / R470 indices. These results showed the applicability of remote sensing data to monitor complex ecophysiological variables at field scale.


One of the major challenges of control flow analysis in decompilation is to structure 2-way branches into conditionals, loop conditionals and switches. In this paper, we propose a graph-based method to formally describe structures of 2-way branches via the introduction of concepts called "compound branch subgraph" and "cascade branch subgraph". We then present novel structuring algorithms based on such concepts. Compared with previous works, our algorithms are deterministic rather than heuristic, and they do not use complicated data structures such as Interval/DSG. We show that in theory our algorithm is more accurate and efficient than typical current approaches; furthermore, we have applied the algorithm to several real-world binary executables, and experimental results validate such theoretical analysis.