The invention relates to a method for determining the phasing of a direct-injection internal combustion engine, during which the following steps are carried out: a first sensor (2) is used that comprises a target (6) connected to the crankshaft and comprising a number of markers (8); a second sensor (12) is used that comprises a target (16) connected to the camshaft and comprising a number of teeth (D1, D2, D3), a number of gaps (C1, C2, C 3), and a number of faces (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6) separating the teeth (D1, D2, D3) and the gaps (C1, C2, C3); the rotation of the engine is controlled from a start position; the markers (8) of the target (6) of the first sensor (2) are counted; the faces (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6) of the target of the second sensor are detected; whereupon the phasing of the engine is deduced.


In both the private and public sectors, green hydrogen is treated as a promising alternative to fossil energy commodities. However, building up production capacities involves significant carbon production, especially when considering secondary infrastructure, e.g., renewable power sources. The amount of required capacity as well as the carbon production involved is calculated in this article. Using Germany as an example we show that the switch to purely green hydrogen involves significant bow waves in terms of carbon production as well as financial and resource demand. An economic model for an optimal decision is derived and—based on empirical estimates—calibrated. It shows that, even if green hydrogen is a competitive technology in the future, using alternatives like turquoise hydrogen or carbon capture and storage is necessary to significantly reduce or even avoid the mentioned bow waves.


In this paper, we consider one-step outlier identiication rules for multivariate data, generalizing the concept of so-called outlier identiiers, as presented in Davies and Gather (1993) for the case of univariate samples. We investigate, how the nite-sample breakdown points of estimators used in these identiication rules innuence the masking behaviour of the rules.


Introduction

Most laparoscopic complications occur at the time of Veress needle and trocar insertion. Although they are not very frequent, they increase the morbidity and mortality of both diagnostic and operative laparoscopic procedures. The currently recommended techniques of trocar insertion have not completely eliminated the risk of injury.

Technique

After Veress needle insertion we recommend creating peritoneal hyperdistention up to 25–30 mmHg pressure. At this point a short trocar is inserted in the deepest part of the umbilicus without elevation of the anterior abdominal wall. The result is a parietal peritoneal puncture directly beneath the umbilicus. As soon as safe abdominal entry is established, the pressure is lowered to 15 mmHg.

Experience

In our large series utilizing peritoneal hyperdistention there was but one vascular bowel injury related to umbilical trocar insertion. Maintaining an increased intra-abdominal pressure for the length of time required for trocar insertion did not result in patient morbidity.

Conclusion

Peritoneal hyperdistention at trocar insertion is safe and may reduce the rate of trocar-related complications.


The most significant symptoms of autism are abnormal movement patterns that can lead to the decrease of life quality. The purpose of the study was to compare quantitatively the gait strategy of the typical subjects, children with classic high-functioning autism (HFA), and children with low-functioning autism (LFA). Secondly, the comparison and the evaluation of main changes of plantar pressure parameters between groups were presented. The evaluation was carried out on 18 children with HFA, 10 children with LFA, and 30 age-matched children as a control group. A six camera motion capture system, two force plates and a pedobarograph were used to measure gait kinematics, joint kinetics, and pressure distribution under foot during walking. The analysis shows significant differences between children with HFA, LFA, and typical children in velocity, cadence, and magnitude of plantar pressure distribution. The magnitude of plantar pressure was reduced in children with autism under all anatomical masks, which was caused by plano-valgus deformity. Differences were also observed in joint angles and moments during gait cycle. Some of the results can be a source of important information about gait patterns in autistic children. Any exercise treatment prescribed for autistic children should focus on changing the patterns of plantar pressure distribution, which would be similar to patterns of typical children. However, the exercise treatment cannot be generalized due to the high inter-subject variability in children with autism.


We consider oscillators at the Planck scale in the background dark energy. Starting from a coherent array of such oscillators it is possible to get a description from elementary particles to Black Holes including the usual Hawking-Beckenstein theory. There is also a description of Gravitation in the above model: It is an artifact of the background dark energy and the existence of the minimum spacetime scale. This points to a unified description with electromagnetism.


A system and method for sending and receiving emergency announcements from a server to a client device are disclosed. The announcements can be sent based on the location of the client device and/or a designated time window. An announcement manager on the client device can display, store and manage the received announcements and activate additional applications based on the content of the emergency announcement.


In this study, bone charcoal (BC) is used as an adsorbent for the removal of cyanide from aqueous solutions. The effects of cyanide concentration, pH, contact time and the adsorbent dose were performed with batch procedure. The equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich, isotherm models. Apart from R, normalized deviation and sum of squared errors (SSE) were used for validation of isotherm and kinetics data. The experimental adsorption isotherm fitted very well with Langmuir equation model and the amount of adsorption (qe) was 140 mg/g. The kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption of cyanide complied with the pseudo-second-order kinetic. Analysis of data with Dubinin Radushkevich isotherm showed that the energy of cyanide adsorption process onto BC was 15.5 kJ/mol, which implies the adsorption of cyanide onto BC is chemisorption in nature.


Defining the syndrome The syndrome of painful ophthalmoplegia consists of periorbital or hemicranial pain, combined with ipsilateral ocular motor nerve palsies, oculosympathetic paralysis, and sensory loss in the distribution of the ophthalmic and occasionally the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve. Various combinations of these cranial nerve palsies may occur, localising the pathological process to the region of the cavernous sinus/superior orbital fissure. The constellation of findings described may be due to four major causes: trauma, neoplasm, aneurysm, and inflammation. Comprehensive patient evaluation is essential in establishing the correct diagnosis. Within the last diagnostic category there is a specific subset of patients who develop painful ophthalmoplegia due to a non-specific inflammatory process in the region of the cavernous sinus/superior orbital fissure. Infrequently, they experience involvement of additional cranial nerves ipsilateral to the ophthalmoplegia, including the optic nerve, mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve, and facial nerve. Having a relapsing and remitting course, they respond promptly to systemic corticosteroid therapy. The diagnostic eponym Tolosa-Hunt syndrome has been applied to these patients, and it is this entity which forms the basis of this review.


A EDM machine (S-35, Sparkonix) was used as the experimental machine in this study. A Copper Tool with a diameter of 5 mm was used as an electrode to erode a work piece of EN-5 (flat plate). The gap between work piece and electrode was flooded with a moving dielectric fluid. Machining Experiments for determining the optimal machining parameters for optimizing response characteristics were carried out by using EDM oil as a dielectric fluid. Fig. 1.1 shows the mechanical set up and electrical set up and electrical circuit for electro discharge machining. A thin gap about 0.025mm is maintained between the tool and work piece by a servo system. Both tool and work piece are submerged in a dielectric fluid. Kerosene/EDM oil/de-ionized water is very common type of liquid dielectric although gaseous dielectrics are also used in certain cases.


The influences of seven common metal ions in secondary pulp on cellulose enzymztic deinking effects were studied. The three main indexes as deinked pulp dust,white and yield were reviewed.The results showed:Al~(3+),Mg~(2+),Cu~(2+) had inhibitory ef- fects on enzyme acts on waste paper deinking.The effects of dust degrees had the results Al~(3+)Cu~(2+)Mg~(2+).Fe~(3+),Mn~(2+),Ca~(2+),NH~(4+) could acticate the cellulase deinking ability,the promoting effect was Fe~(3+)Mn~(2+)Ca~(2+)NH_4~+,with the promoting conditions for Ca~(2+) ion concentration in 1.2%,Mn_~+40.6%,NH_4~+ at 0.2%.


Interviews carried out with 22 Bangladeshi families who were clients of the Child & Family Consultation Service revealed that congruence in problem definition between family and therapist was linked with good outcome as rated by the family. The stated preference of most families was for a Bangladeshi professional to work with them, and this request has now been implemented. Shared meanings about the purpose and style of therapy are clearly relevant when working with ethnic minority groups.


Recently, self-supervised method has become an increasingly significant branch of depth estimation task, especially in the realm of autonomous driving applications. However, current per-pixel depth maps yielded from RGB images still suffer from uncertain scale factor generated by the nature of monocular image sequences, which further leads to the insufficiency in practical use. In this work, we first analyze such scale uncertainty both theoretically and practically. Then we perform scale recovery utilizing geometric constraint to estimate accurate scale factor, RANSAC(Random sample consensus) outlier removal is introduced into pipeline to obtain accurate ground point extraction. Adequate experiments on KITTI dataset(dataset generated by an autonomous driving platform built up by KIT and TRINA comprising stereo and optical flow image pairs as well as laser data, distributed to train set and test set on account of deep learning), show that, using only camera height prior, our proposed method, though not relying on additional sensors, is able to achieve accurate scale recovery and outperform existing scale recovery methods.


The traditional FP-Growth frequent itemset mining algorithm and some improved algorithms are faced with a problem of being unable to store the huge FP-tree in standalone memory. Therefore, a parallel mining algorithm is raised in this paper. Transaction databases are extracted according to each frequent 1-item, and a corresponding projection database is generated for each frequent 1-item; then, projection databases are respectively distributed to a node machine, and the improved algorithm is used in each node machine to generate partial frequent itemsets by parallel mining; finally, all frequent itemsets are obtained by summarization. This algorithm has no need to generate a FP-tree for transaction databases, and solves the storage problem of standalone memory. Besides, the use of the MapReduce programming model and parallel processing technology increases the efficiency of frequent itemset mining.


Abstract In this paper, we first evaluate topological distributions of the sets of all doubling spaces, all uniformly disconnected spaces, and all uniformly perfect spaces in the space of all isometry classes of compact metric spaces equipped with the Gromov–Hausdorff distance.We then construct branching geodesics of the Gromov–Hausdorff distance continuously parameterized by the Hilbert cube, passing through or avoiding sets of all spaces satisfying some of the three properties shown above, and passing through the sets of all infinite-dimensional spaces and the set of all Cantor metric spaces. Our construction implies that for every pair of compact metric spaces, there exists a topological embedding of the Hilbert cube into the Gromov– Hausdorff space whose image contains the pair. From our results, we observe that the sets explained above are geodesic spaces and infinite-dimensional.


The transport equation which describes the slowing down of neutrons in a heterogeneous system was reduced by solution of an auxiliary problem to an integral equation in which only the collision density in the moderator still enters in. In the first approximation a known relationship for resonance capture in heterogeneous systems is obtained. (tr-auth)


The article considers the problem of development of competence formation procedure of high school graduates in the context of FSES HE 3+, and reveals the formation of indicators and competence formation evaluation criteria in training bachelors in 43.03.02 "Tourism" on an example of the discipline "Fundamentals of social work in tourism."


This paper discusses the direct current in the same-bridge inverter circuit and presents the testing methods.The paper presents in the end the simulation model of IGBT inverter.The research indicates that the current can continue if the direct current value is appropriate.This enables the system to be quick and to provide fault prediction.


Aiming at the levelling precision, speed and stability of suspended access platform, this paper put forward a new adaptive fuzzy PID control levelling algorithm by fuzzy theory. The method is aided design by using the SIMULINK toolbox of MATLAB, and setting the membership function and the fuzzy-PID control rule. The levelling algorithm can real-time adjust the three parameters of PID according to the fuzzy rules due to the current state. It is experimented, which is verified the algorithm have better stability and dynamic performance. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i5.2563


The author describes the Swedish-speaking population of Finland and examines its demographic characteristics. In particular the fertility of the Swedish-speaking population is compared with that of the Finnish population as a whole (ANNOTATION)


dominated state legislature over the period 1866 to 1880. The court, in a series of cases aimed at "clarifying" the rights of tenants and landlords under the common law and under the lien law of 1866, reduced sharecroppers to day laborers who were essentially paid a piece wage. This view, later codified in revisions of the lien law, gave landlords a prior claim on the entire crop and the right to supervise the labor of sharecroppers. During the same period, the state legislature restricted the customary rights of individuals to hunt and gather and to graze livestock on unclaimed or unimproved lands. Although ostensibly part of an agricultural reform movement initiated by planters, these laws effectively prevented blacks and a smaller number of poor whites from subsisting on the frontier and increased their economic dependence on landlords and cotton. Flynn's discussion contributes to the growing body of recent scholarship on this subject, beginning with the work of Harold Woodman, which has deepened our understanding of the complex system of tenancy in the postbellum South. The second part of Flynn's argument, which challenges an "idealized" view of the "common people" as "democratic, egalitarian, or anticapitalistic," is less convincing. It is based on ungrounded inferences drawn from a limited selection of secondary sources or on the unsystematic analysis of his own empirical evidence (see p. 49). For example, Flynn maintains that lowerand middle-class whites were more concerned with caste distinctions than were planters. To support this conclusion, he points to the widespread use of Klan violence in the white farming regions of northern Georgia throughout the 1870s, in contrast to the plantation districts of the Cotton Belt where Klan activity greatly subsided after "redemption" in 1871. Yet he fails to mention the significant challenge to Democratic rule in the Upcountry during this turbulent decade, not by "Black Republicanism," but by the white Independent party, which depended on the support of ex-slaves for their electoral victories. This development does not contradict Flynn's claim that racism permeated all segments of Southern society, but it does suggest an alternative explanation for the persistence of Klan violence in the Upcountry after redemption.


Academic communication,as one part of universities,has played an important role in the development of universities.It has a practical significance in the universities′ open-up to and serving the society.Scientific and active academic communication is helpful in changing and updating education concept,improving students′ and teachers′ creative ability,promoting the development of teaching work and teaching quality,enhancing universities′ core competitive power and serving the society effectively.


For more than half a century, the different properties of dexrazoxane have captured the attention of scientists and clinicians. Presently, dexrazoxane is licensed in many parts of the world for two different indications: prevention of cardiotoxicity from anthracycline-based chemotherapy, and prevention of tissue injuries after extravasation of anthracyclines. This article reviews the historical, preclinical, and clinical background for the use of dexrazoxane for these indications. Chemistry and mechanisms of action of dexrazoxane and anthracyclines Dexrazoxane belongs to the bisdioxopiperazine compounds and is a water-soluble ring-closed analog of the iron chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (Figure 1). Unlike EDTA, dexrazoxane easily passes into cells. Upon hydrolysis, dexrazoxane opens into its EDTA-like form, ADR-925, which is a strong iron chelator that has the ability to displace iron from the anthracycline. 1 Dexrazoxane is also a catalytic inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase II that is the same target as the DNA topoisomerase II poisonous anticancer agents: the anthracyclines (eg, doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin), the anthracenediones (eg, mitoxantrone), and the podophyllotoxins (eg, etoposide, teniposide). However, dexrazoxane does not induce lethal DNA double-strand breaks as do the topoisomerase poisons. In the 1950s, the bisdioxopiperazine compounds were investigated independently by scientists from The Eastman Kodak Company (Rochester, NY, USA) and The Ciba-Geigy Corporation (Basel, Switzerland), for their nonbiological properties and use as jet fuel additives and textile leveling agents. 3,4 Based on the hypothesis that intercellular metal ion chelation leads to retardation of neoplastic cell growth, it was later suggested that these chelating compounds might be antineoplastics. 5 In due course, this led to the generation of a number of potential antineoplastic bisdioxopiperazine compounds, all bearing the name of the fostering British institution , the Imperial Cancer Research Fund (ICRF). ICRF-159 (razoxane), ICRF-193, and ICRF-154 were initially found to exert in vitro antineoplastic effects in various tumors. In vivo activity was shown in patients with leukemia and lymphosarcoma. 6 However, the compounds were soon discarded as antineoplastic agents due to unfavorable toxicity profiles. Dovepress Dovepress 358 Langer The interest in the bisdioxopiperazines as potential protectors against anthracycline-mediated myocardial damage emerged from a large series of preclinical studies , in particular those performed by Herman et al. 7 For example, it was observed in 1974 that anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity was prevented in isolated dog hearts that were pretreated with perfusions of razoxane. 7 Pretreatment with dexrazoxane (ICRF-187) reduced cardiotoxicity and lethality in non-cancer-bearing Syrian golden hamsters receiving daunorubicin. 8 Furthermore, pretreatment …


Objective: To assess the impact of different smoking behaviors of caregivers on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in children aged 5–6 years in Changsha, China. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, random digit-dial telephone survey of caregivers (n = 543) between August and October 2013. Caregivers' smoking behaviors were collected by a questionnaire. Exposure assessment was based upon determination of urinary cotinine levels in children employing gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Results: In children not living with a smoker, children living with one smoker, and children living with more than one smoker at home, median urinary cotinine concentrations (ng/mL) were 0.72, 2.97, and 4.46, respectively. For children living with one smoker, median urinary cotinine levels of children exposed to ETS were associated with caregiver smoking behaviors, i.e., if a caregiver consumed more cigarettes (>20 compared with ≤10; 7.73 versus 2.29 ng/mL, respectively). Conclusions: The magnitude of ETS exposure in children is correlated with the smoking behaviors of the caregiver. Counseling for smoking cessation and educational interventions are needed urgently for smoking caregivers to increase their awareness about ETS exposure and to encourage smoking cessation at home or to take precautions to protect children's health.


INTRODUCTION: When COVID-19 spreads to most of the world, chest CT imaging is widely regarded as a convenient and feasible method for the diagnosis of suspected patients. In the traditional diagnosis method, doctors and experts judge these CT images and draw conclusions. However, with the surge in the number of suspected patients, relying solely on traditional manual diagnosis methods can no longer meet people's demand for efficiency. OBJECTIVES: A number of previous studies have shown that it is possible to use machine learning methods to help people diagnose suspected SARS-CoV-2 patients. However, the accuracy of the existing scheme still needs to be improved. METHODS: In order to make a more accurate diagnosis of suspected patients with SARS-CoV-2, we proposed a new model. We first preprocessed the CCT images of the tested objects to seek for higher accuracy, then extracted the texture features from the processed CCT images, and finally divided the CCT images of the tested objects into two categories: sick and normal using Schmidt neural network. RESULTS: The accuracy of the proposed model is (76.33±1.18%), while the accuracy of the existing model RBFNN, ELMBA, WEBBO and GLCM-SVM are (73.45±0.69%), (74.88±0.86%), (70.48±0.81%) and (64.42±0.88%), respectively. Compared with the existing RBFNN, ELM-BA, WEBBO and GLCM-SVM models, the accuracy of our proposed model is 1.45% higher than that of the best ELM-BA model. More importantly, the proposed model has better stability. CONCLUSION: The model we proposed is feasible for the corresponding diagnosis of suspected patients. This is not only conducive to timely treatment of patients, but more importantly, effective isolation of confirmed patients as soon as possible can prevent the further spread of the epidemic.


A mobile healthcare system is a network includes a collection of number of components that includes patients and their health-care providers. In this system it is important that the patient to remain connected at all times even if one of the communication components fails. In this paper we discuss the design of the MediNet system and shows how it faultlessly handles connectivity issues between patients and their mobile phones, between the healthcare meters and mobile phones, and between mobile phones and web server components. The overall goal behind our design strategies is to continue providing a high level of service to the patient in the face of communication problems leading to improved acceptability and trust of the system by patients.


Purpose
Contactless shopping concepts meet the needs of those consumers who want to minimise social interactions, especially due to COVID-19; they also offer added value by combining the advantages of traditional shopping with digital features that stem from online shopping. The development of digitalised retail concepts has been made possible through digitisation and the use of new technologies. To date, the concepts have been created with various formats through the application of the most advanced Industry 4.0 technologies. This paper aims to provide a deepened understanding of the latest trends and draws attention to the various classes, including shopping functionalities and features.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper performs a review of current disruptive and new business retail concepts within the grocery retail industry in Germany. Therefore, a secondary research methodology and observations were performed to create an overview and a categorization. This categorization has been used to identify the related cases.

Findings
The results add to the literature as follows. First, a matching of contactless shopping to innovative business models is made. Second, a status-quo analysis of contactless shopping solutions in Germany is carried out with defined set of criteria. This study created a list of all major available contactless shopping solutions. Third, this study examines two new business models, namely, automated vending machines and walk-in stores, which meet the changes in consumer behaviour and needs in times of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Originality/value
This paper provides a deeper understanding of the latest trends within the retail industry and draws attention to disruptive business models as well as the functionalities and features of shopping solutions. New store concepts launched during the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in unique selling propositions of 24-h everyday shopping and contactless shopping.


Abstract This paper, the second part of our three-part contribution, is concerned with state estimation in a discrete-time hybrid system model, described in Part I (Bhowal et al. , 2002). The original contributions of the paper are as follow. The observable dynamics, seen through a measurement restriction imposed on the system, is characterised in terms of measurability and distinguishability of transitions between activity states. Based on the characterisation, an algorithm, to construct an Observer for estimation of the current state of the overall system composed from its component models, is developed. The whole theory is illustrated with an example of a heating system explined in (Bhowal et al. , 2002). This methodology for state estimation is used in a companion paper Part III (Sarkar et al. , 2002) for solving the problem of fault diagnosis.


Abstract This review focuses on the improvement of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) via tissue and cell culture and its use in gene transfer techniques. Success of the latter critically depends on the ability to regenerate plants from cells or tissues cultured in vitro. Hence, we have devoted attention to the attempts made so far in obtaining regenerants from diverse explants. Although it is known that immature embryos are the best source for initiating morphogenic cultures, basic information related to the process of differentiation can also be gained by studying less responding tissues. The opportunity provided by anther and microspore culture in wheat improvement and the progress made is also presented. To enhance tissue culture responses, identification of chromosomes, gene loci, and genes is of cardinal importance. We have also surveyed the progress made in this regard by conventional but incisive plant-breeding techniques. Gene rearrangements in tissue culture leading to the appearance of somaclonal or ...


Objective:Daxing District to carry out large-scale centralized air-conditioning systems in public places of testing for Legionella,To understand the regional large-scale public places Legionella contamination.Methods:Using simple random sampling method selected use of central air-conditioning systems 9 units,collecting samples to carry on Legionella separation,identification and colony counting.Results:9 units were collected from 72 cooling tower water samples,detection of Legionella pneumophila 11,the detection rate was 15.28%.Conclusion:Large area of central air-conditioning supplies,services,and mobility more than the number of large,multi-building business functions Legionella most polluted.In response to these situations,cleaned and disinfected should be taken to shorten the cycle,to enhance knowledge management training,customer diversion peak periods,reducing the same building as the business functions and so on,to reduce the risk of Legionella infection.Health supervision departments should actively urge the central air-conditioning units for disinfection and cleaning,to carry out disinfection effect evaluation.At the same time,large buildings should be carried out within the staff-related prevention and control knowledge,information and education,reduce the susceptible population.


Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is an important polymer in many biotechnological applications due to its exceptional inertness and large excluded volume in water. However, the microscopic parameters describing the realpolymer structure of PEG have never before been measured, due to a lack of sensitivity in existing bulk characterization techniques. Moreover, these microscopic parameters should depend on PEG's complex interactions with water. Here, we present single-molecule elasticity measurements on PEG and show that as the chain length increases, it transitions from a rod-like polymer to a Gaussian coil, and only becomes swollen by excluded volume past a critical molecular weight (Fig. 1). We then vary the solvent quality using chaotropic salts and observe that the microscopic parameters change in the expected manner. We identify a room-temperature theta point at which PEG behaves as an ideal polymer for any length of chain, and see poor-solvent collapse at higher salt.


With the maturity and widely use of the scalable cluster parallel system, which has a high performance and price ratio, the Transient Stability parallel computing and distributed real time simulation on large scale Power System become possible. This paper firstly outlines the computing model and basic algorithms, and analyzes the main difficulties in algorithms. Then, starting from the basic principles and practical effects of the algorithms, we summarize the research progress of spatial parallel, waveform relaxation and spatial-time parallel Power System Transient Stability algorithms. At last, we compare the advantages and limitations of several parallel algorithms, and point out that the coarse granularity domain decompose Transient Stability parallel algorithm on cluster system is the most promising one.


Michael D. Hirsch C ommon stock liquidity as a consideration in securities purchases and sales and in overall portfolio constructicon is a recent concept. In the past, primary emphasis was placed on fundamental factors and secondary emphasis on technical aspects, with liquidity (marketability) relegated to at best a third-class role. This was typified in some institutions by requiring no more than a "Good-Fair-Poor" rating of liquidity on investment committee reports, or by leaving it to the trading desk's "feel" for the stock at others. With the ever-deepening liquidity crisis the stock market has been experiencing since the late O OS, the neglect in which this criterion was previously held is fast disappearing. In its stead there has evolved a need to develop a benchmark that accurately measures liquidity. The historic benchmarks of liquidity have proven lacking. Shares Outstanding ignores the level of market price. Dollar Value Outstanding does not reflect holdings not available for trading (e.g., Shell Transport Own:< 40% of Shell Oil). Floating Supply statistics are not available, and even where reliable estimates can be derived, they do not reflect the rapidity of share turnover. Trading volume also ignores price level. Turnover is misleading in that low turnover is presumed to equal high liquidity, but may simply reflect low volume. Finally, Dollar Volume ignores the impact of marklet price.


Terahertz (THz) communications are envisioned to be a promising technology for 6G thanks to its broad bandwidth. However, the large path loss, antenna misalignment, and atmospheric influence of THz communications severely deteriorate its reliability. To address this, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) is recognized as an effective technique to ensure reliable THz communications. This article delves into the performance analysis of HARQ with incremental redundancy (HARQ-IR)-aided THz communications in the presence/absence of blockage. More specifically, the analytical expression of the outage probability of HARQ-IR-aided THz communications is derived, with which the asymptotic outage analysis is enabled to gain meaningful insights, including diversity order, power allocation gain, modulation and coding gain, etc. Then the long term average throughput (LTAT) is expressed in terms of the outage probability based on renewal theory. Moreover, to combat the blockage effects, a multi-hop HARQ-IR-aided THz communication scheme is proposed and its performance is examined. To demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme, the other two HARQ-aided schemes, i.e., Type-I HARQ and HARQ with chase combining (HARQ-CC), are used for benchmarking in the simulations. In addition, a deep neural network (DNN) based outage evaluation framework with low computational complexity is devised to reap the benefits of using both asymptotic and simulation results in low and high outage regimes, respectively. This novel outage evaluation framework is finally employed for the optimal rate selection, which outperforms the asymptotic based optimization.


This paper describes an efficient search algorithm for a high speed and high accuracy LVCSR system. A conventional-ly used lexical tree search is an efficient method, but has a problem in incorporating the language probability. To solve this problem, we propose in this paper a new efficient search algorithm incorporating the language model structure. In our developed LVCSR, 2-pass search algorithm is adopted to produce a word graph as an intermediate expression. The experimental results on the 20,000-word Japanese dictation task showed that the proposed method can reduce approximately half of the processing time without increasing any errors.


Corporate structures are widely being transformed into complex systems of small heterogeneous operating units often with weak bonds of corporate identity. There is opportunity for the evolution of operational practices which erode the competitiveness of the organisation. The key conclusion of the paper is that, without a common vision and a set of common values, the focus of the organisation will diffuse and its direction will be fragmented.


A survey of the species of fishes from the Upper Iguacu River Basin deposited in Museu de Historia Natural Capao da Imbuia is presented. Forty-one species were identified, of which eight are endemics and ten belong to indefinite taxonomic status. Three species (Astyanax sp. n., Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Clarias gariepinus) are mentioned by the first time to the basin. Misgurnus anguillicaudatus is a very common exotic aquarium fish and Clarias gariepinus is also an exotic fish used in fish culture. Astyanax altiparanae is a new record for the Upper Iguacu River Basin. During the present survey, Glandulocauda melanopleura, which was considered rare, was registered, and Hyphessobrycon taurocephalus, known only by the type series, was not found. An identification key for all the species of fishes recorded is provided.


The present invention provides a transistor cell, comprising: a first transistor having a first source-drain region, a first gate region, a second source-drain region and the first gate spacers adjacent to the first gate region, a second transistor having a third source-drain region, a second gate region, a fourth source-drain region and the second gate spacers adjacent to the second gate region, said second source-drain region and the third source-drain are -region connected, a first metal line to the first transistor, first metal line spacer adjacent to the first metal line, a second metal line to the second transistor, the second metal line spacer adjacent to the second metal line, wherein the first metal line spacers and the first gate spacer vertically at least partially overlap, wherein the second metal line spacer and the second gate distance halter overlap vertically, at least partially, wherein a contact region on the second source-drain region and / or the third source-drain region by a respective adjacent first metal line spacer and the second metal line spacer and by a respective adjacent first gate spacer and the second gate spacer defines a contact through-hole extending vertically from the contact region to at least the layer of the first metal line ...


The blue InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with specific designs of p-InGaN/GaN superlattices (SLS) last barrier (LB) and p-AlGaN/GaN SLS electron blocking layer (EBL) are investigated numerically and experimentally. The simulation results show that the newly designed LEDs have a better performance over the original structure of blue InGaN LED which is attributed to the electrons overflow suppression, holes injection enhancement, and piezoelectric polarization effect improvement in active region.


Digital literacy skills are essential skills for working in a digital society. Therefore, the university emphasizes teaching and finding ways to assess knowledge and prepare students before completing their studies. This research aims to present the conceptual framework for developing an adaptive tutorial system to assist undergraduate students in preparing for the digital literacy exit exam. This system's unique feature is not only the exam for students to practice reviewing their knowledge but also the exam's adaptability to the student's abilities. In addition, this concept is reinforced through gamification by incorporating game elements to motivate, increase the difficulty of competition and make exam preparation enjoyable. Learners are motivated to try harder on the exam. In the conceptual framework evaluation, a questionnaire was used to measure the system's suitability. The system design was evaluated by seven experts who determined that the components and procedures of the tutorial system were appropriate. This system's development is valid and can be applied to creating a tutorial system that enhances digital literacy skills.


n jobs are to be processed on two or three machines. Each job must be processed in sequence, first on machine I than on machine II, etc. For each job, setup time, processing time, and removal time is known in each machine. Algorithms are developed which determine an optimal sequence that minimizes the total elapsed time. Numerical examples illustrate the algorithms.


Abstract Some plants recognize herbivore attack and distinguish it from mechanical wounding because of the chemical components in caterpillar regurgitants. Volicitin and its related compounds, collectively called fatty acid amino acids conjugates (FACs), are such elicitors that function as key compounds to trigger volatile emissions in several plants and ironically help foraging parasitoids. But we do not know if the chemical structural differences of FACs in caterpillars can explain the complicated plant responses which sometimes vary depending on the caterpillar species. It is even unclear why caterpillars make a variety of FACs. Previously, we proposed a hypothesis that FACs might be an intermediate that enhance nitrogen assimilation in insects. Also we reported a broad range of lepidopteran species which synthesize different FACs in different compositions. Based on these works together with the recent publications about FACs in a plant–herbivore interaction, we discuss the variation in FAC patterns in lepidopteran species.


PurposeIn online user innovation communities (UICs), firms adopt external innovations beyond their internal resources and capabilities. However, little is known about the influences of organizational adoption or detailed adoption patterns on subsequent user innovation. This study aims to examine the influence of organizational adoption, including its level and timing, on users' subsequent innovation behavior and performance.Design/methodology/approachThis research model was validated using a secondary dataset of 17,661 user–innovation pairs from an online UIC. The effect of organizational adoption on users' subsequent innovation likelihood was measured by conducting a panel logistic regression. Furthermore, the effects of organizational adoption on subsequent innovation' quality and homogeneity and those of the adoption level and timing on subsequent innovation likelihood were tested using Heckman's two-step approach.FindingsThe authors found that organizational adoption negatively affects the likelihood of subsequent innovation and its homogeneity but positively affects its quality. Moreover, more timely and lower-level adoption can increase the likelihood of users' subsequent innovation.Originality/valueThis study comprehensively explores organizational adoption's effects on users' subsequent innovation behavior and performance, contributing to the literature on UICs and user innovation adoption. It also provides valuable practical implications for firms on how to optimize their adoption decisions to maintain the quantity, quality, and diversity of user innovations.


Decision making processes during biological or chemical incidents represent a challenging and demanding issue. This task constitutes of several complex activities and important decisions. In case of unintentional accidents in agricultural plants or within related industries, these decisions have to be made by personnel who are usually not primarily trained for such situations. Therefore any available support tool, which can increase the probability of successful management of these incidents, should be employed. The main aim is to minimize the consequences, ensure the quality of products and protect people and animals and other crucial assets. From the technological perspective, various approaches or principles have been already applied and intended for computer-based support of biological or chemical incidents management. Nevertheless, the multi-agent technologies can be also effectively utilized. As an example, this paper presents model applicable for the management of biological or chemical incidents created in the multi-agent NetLogo environment. The main contribution to the scientific field includes the characterization of specifics related to the discussed type of decision-making process. Moreover, within the paper the description of the simulation model is provided, parameterization is explained, and areas for further research are outlined.


On a $d$-dimensional Riemannian, spin manifold $(M,g)$ we consider non-linear, stochastic partial differential equations for spinor fields, driven by a Dirac operator and coupled to an additive Gaussian, vector-valued white noise. We extend to the case in hand a procedure, introduced in [DDRZ20] for the scalar counterpart, which allows to compute at a perturbative level the expectation value of the solutions as well as the associated correlation functions accounting intrinsically for the underlying renormalization freedoms. This framework relies strongly on tools proper of microlocal analysis and it is inspired by the algebraic approach to quantum field theory. As a concrete example we apply it to a stochastic version of the Thirring model proving in particular that it lies in the subcritical regime if $d\leq 2$.


In order to improve the discharge characteristics such as discharge voltage, luminance, luminous efficacy, high-temperature misfiring, and lifetime, a small amount of Si was added to the MgO protective layer of a plasma display panel. The MgO protective layers were deposited by using an electron-beam evaporation method. The addition of Si onto a MgO protective layer can effectively increase the secondary electron emission coefficient so as to improve the discharge characteristics compared with using a pure MgO film. Both the surface characteristics of the protective layer and the electro-optical properties of 4in. test panels were investigated, such as the discharge voltage, luminance, luminous efficacy, high-temperature misfiring, and lifetime. The results show that Si doping of 0.03%–0.04% in MgO has the best performance on plasma display panels.


The invention belongs to a manufacturing process of thermomechanical bamboo pulp. Its producing procedures are that bamboo materials are cut into plate material; the bamboo plate washed by hot water is dewatered by water filtering machine; the bamboo plate is sent into pre-heating silo to heat and soften by transporting equipment; the bamboo plate is sent into a grinding machine after it is preheated and softened; it is sent into a boiler, after it is softened further the bamboo plate is sent into a hot grinding machine to grind in fine; fine grinding slurry is sent into a concave pool; after it is diluted the slurry is sent into a vertical screen to screen coarse slag out; screened good slurry is used for subsequent procedures; screened fine slag can be treated by the grinding machine and the good slurry is screened. The producing process can not cause environmental pollution and decrease deforestation.


In the context of Islamic education or tarbawī Ḥadīth in the writings that exist on the internet, many expressions spoken by other than the Prophet are shown as the Ḥadīth of the Prophet, as many of the sayings are also propounded to the Prophet but have no origin. That is pseudo- Ḥadīth about Islamic education. Unfortunately, the reality is less even sometimes not realized at all by the public. This research is one of the forms and efforts so that pseudo- Ḥadīth can be realized and can't be widespread more. Here the author intends to reveal the pseudo-Ḥadīth about Islamic education and it's spread on the internet. To arrive at the intended purpose, here the author applies descriptive-analytical method using takhrīj approach. This study proves that a number of pseudo-hadiths about Islamic education are widespread in writings that exist on the internet.


: A study was performed to evaluate the use of unilateral ovariectomy for the measurement of uterine capacity in rabbits through a comparison of the relationships between ovulation rate, number of implanted embryos, and litter size in unilaterally ovariectomized (ULO) and intact does. Data from 211 ULO and 323 intact does were analyzed. The animals were derived from a synthetic line previously selected on litter size. Laparoscopy was performed on all does during their second gestation 12 d after mating and the number of corpora lutea and implantation sites were recorded. Intact and ULO does had the same ovulation rate, confirming the presence of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in the remaining ovary of the ULO does. The number of implantation sites in the ULO group (1 1.3) approached the number found in the control group (12.6). Embryonic survival (until implantation) was lower ( P < .Ol) in ULO does (.77) than in intact does (.88), but fetal survival (after implantation) was the same in both groups. The ULO females produced litters 77% of the size of those of the normal control females. Pre-and postimplantation survivals were not related in intact does but seemed to be related in ULO does through an effect on the number of implantation sites. The coefficient of the regression of number of implantation sites on ovulation rate was positive in control does (.62 f .06) and was also positive in ULO does (.31 f .07), showing that a higher ovulation rate would have resulted in a higher number of embryos being implanted in both groups. Litter size had a positive coefficient of regression on number of implanted embryos in both control does (.67 f .04) and in ULO does (.49 f .05), showing that a higher number of implantation sites would have produced a higher litter size in both groups. Overall, however, the regression of litter size on ovulation rate was positive in control does (.30 k .06), but not significantly different from zero in ULO does (.07 f .OS), indicating that unilateral ovariectomy had the desired effect of making litter size independent of ovulation rate.


Brenner's tumour is a rare epithelial ovarian cancer, accounting for less than 5% of all cases. It is characterised by the presence of cells with transitional features between epithelial and mesenchymal cells. The diagnosis of Brenner's tumour of the ovary has become more frequent in recent years. Accurate diagnosis is crucial since it exhibits distinct clinical behaviour and prognosis compared to other types of ovarian cancer. Studies have confirmed that this type of ovarian cancer shares unique characteristics similar to urothelial tissue and can be differentiated from non cancerous abnormal growths known as metaplastic and/or malignant Brenner's tumours. Hereby, the authors present a case report of a 54-year-old woman, who presented with lumbar pain, abdominal discomfort, weight loss, abnormal uterine bleeding, and a persistent abdominal mass for a month. Abdominal and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed an abnormal extensive, lobulated, and ill-defined lesion with solid and cystic components. The patient's alpha-fetoprotein tumour marker was within the normal range (5.20 IU/mL), while beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (8.67 mIU/ mL) and carcinoembryonic antigen (5.3 ng/mL) levels were slightly elevated. Serum Cancer Antigen (CA)-19-9 levels were within the normal range (9.0 U/mL). Following the surgical procedure, microscopic examination of the tissue confirmed the primary type of cancer in the ovary as Brenner's tumour. Due to its rarity, favourable response to chemotherapy, and lower incidence compared to other tumour types, patients with Brenner's tumours typically have a better prognosis.


Fishery managers have long recognized two distinct stocks of black seabass on the eastern U.S. seaboard, with Cape Hatteras recognized as the stock separation line. The northern stock migrates from Massachusetts, south and offshore, to deeper waters in the winter months, and then travels back to warmer inshore waters in the north again in the spring and summer (Musick and Mercer, 1977). Kendall and Mercer ((1978) stated that the southern stock did not appear to seasonally migrate, and Mercer (1978) and Shepherd (1991) considered the black seabass population from Cape Hatteras to Cape Canaveral to be a population distinct from the northern stock.


Title devised by cataloger.
(DLC/PP-1932:0083).
Forms part of: Cabinet of American illustration (Library of Congress).
Published in: "His Education Begins," Harper's bazaar, 43-44:230 (April 1910).


Analog optical signal processing has dramatically transcended the speed and energy limitations accompanied with its digital microelectronic counterparts. Motivated by recent metasurface's evolution, the angular scattering diversity of a reciprocal passive bianisotropic metasurface with normal polarization is utilized in this paper to design a multi-channel meta-computing surface, performing multiple advanced mathematical operations on input fields coming from different directions, simultaneously. Here, the employed ultra-thin bianisotropic metasurface computer is theoretically characterized based on generalized sheet transition conditions and susceptibility tensors. The operators of choice are deliberately dedicated to asymmetric integro-differential equations and image processing functions, like edge detection and blurring. To clarify the concept, we present several illustrative simulations whereby diverse wave-based mathematical functionalities have been simultaneously implemented without any additional Fourier lenses. The performance of the designed metasurface overcomes the nettlesome restrictions imposed by the previous analog computing proposals such as bulky profiles, asserting only single mathematical operation, and most importantly, supporting only the even-symmetric operations for normal incidences. Besides, the realization possibility of the proposed metasurface computer is conceptually investigated via picturing the angular scattering behavior of several candidate meta-atoms. This work opens a new route for designing ultra-thin devices executing parallel and accelerated optical signal/image processing.


Researchers argue about realism in Nechui-Levytskyi's prose. Therefore the purpose of the article is to find out how the writer explains realism. Nechui-Levytskyi explains realism not only as a literary style. The writer emphasizes the need for such feature as a nationality. This becomes the reason that some researchers are convinced of the author's commitment to romanticism. Other researchers point out that the work of the writer is not ethnographic. For Nechui-Levytskyi, realistic and folk features in literature are interdependent. His special understanding of realism affects his work. This question requires a separate study. Didacticism, truthfulness and objectivity are presented not only in his prose but also are proclaimed in the article. This fact allows us to treat the Nechui-Levitskyi's creativity as realistic. The writer associates the "reflection of life" with the reproduction of real places and events, the images of typical people, who represent a certain social class. Literature should be didactic, that is a kind of mirror for  readers. This determines the accuracy in  selection of material and characters. A specific requirement for realistic works is the aesthetics and the use of folklore. The subject of representation in literature should be Ukraine and Ukrainians. The requirements of truthfulness and objective image of reality are united with the ethnographic frameworks. Such requirements of the writer as the use of the national language, a description of the national character, and the reproduction of the features of Ukrainian poetry were conditioned by the historical situation in Ukraine. Investigation of the relation of realism-romanticism in the work of Nechui-Levytskyi requires a separate scientific discussion.


Objective To evaluate the sensitivity of air enema three-dimensional Fourier transform fast spoiled gradient-recalled(FSPGR) MR colonography in the detection of colorectal polyps and cancers.Methods Thirty patients scheduled for optical colonoscopy due to rectal bleeding,positive fecal occult blood test results or altered bowel habits underwent air enema three-dimensional Fourier transform FSPGR MR colonography and optical colonoscopy.Taking optical colonoscopy and histopathological examinations as standards,the sensitivities of air enema three-dimensional Fourier transform fast spoiled gradient-recalled(FSPGR) MR colonography in the detection of colorectal polyps and cancers were statistically analyzed according to the size of lesions.Results Seventy-six colorectal polyps and cancers were detected with optical colonoscopy,including 1-5 mm polyps(n=11),6-9 mm polyps(n=29) and ≥10 mm polyps and cancers(n=36) in diameter.The detection sensitivity of 1-5 mm polyps,6-9 mm polyps,≥10 mm polyps and cancers,≥6 mm polyps and cancers with MR colonography was 9.09%,75.86%,100% and 89.23%,respectively,and the overall detection sensitivity of all sizes colorectal polyps and cancers was 77.63%.Conclusion Detection sensitivity of air enema three-dimensional Fourier transform FSPGR MR colonography is low for 1-5 mm colorectal polyps,good for ≥6 mm polyps and cancers,and excellent for all polyps and cancers ≥10 mm.


Detailed study of the initial stages of development of the shell ornamentation of mollusks from Pliocene brackish-water sediments of the Llobregat valley (Barcelona, Spain) was possible because of the great numbers of young or incompletely developed adult forms which could not survive the brackish environment.


Electrical load simulator is hardware in the loop simulator used to exert real-time aerodynamics loads on the servo actuation system of a flight vehicle under test according to flight conditions. This article investigates direct torque control of electrical load simulator system using adaptive fuzzy backstepping method. To analyze the effect of extra torque disturbance on electrical load simulator system, detailed mathematical formulations are derived. Considering practical aspects of the proposed method, state vector is estimated using a state predictor, and parameters of the system are estimated using algebraic method. Fuzzy logic system is used to estimate extra torque disturbance acting on electrical load simulator system, but the approximation error may not converge to zero, which may affect control performance. Similarly, the parameters of the system may vary with time; thus the lumped disturbance due to time variation of parameters and fuzzy approximation error is compensated using adaptive control law derived based on estimated error dynamics between actual plant and state predictor. Moreover, to improve transient response, a novel saturation function-based transient performance controller is introduced. The performance of the proposed control is verified using extensive numerical simulations.


To achieve higher levels of autonomous driving, imaging radar that is robust, regardless of lighting and weather conditions, is required in order to provide reliable, accurate and precise situational awareness. Spatial resolution is one of the important parameters enabling detection and differentiation of closely positioned targets. It has already been shown that the combination of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with Doppler beam sharpening (DBS) can both suppress the high sidelobe levels inherent in MIMO and hence can help enhance cross-range resolution in the off-the-boresight directions. However, DBS cannot improve resolution in the forward-looking direction which is vital for path planning. In this paper, we propose the use of the Burg algorithm combined with a MIMO-DBS technique to improve cross-range resolution in both the forward looking and the lateral directions. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through both simulation and experiment at 77 GHz.


Hydrogen is being considered as an alternative source for power generation in the future. The development of environmental friendly and cost effective hydrogen production become the main challenge in this area. In this work, the production of hydrogen by steam reforming of acetic acid over nickel-cobalt (Ni-Co) supported on lanthanum oxide (La2O3), cerium oxide (CeO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) was studied. The objectives of this study are to prepare the catalyst using an impregnation method, to characterize the catalyst using Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD-NH3), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller with N2 (BET-N2) and Temperature Programmed Reduction with H2 (TPR-H2) analysis and also to study the effect of reaction temperature on acetic acid conversion. TPR- analysis of the samples indicated that the amount of hydrogen consumed by the catalyst supported with same oxides decreases with increasing amount of La2O3. Furthermore, Ni- Co/70%La2O3-20%CeO2 catalyst was reduced at lower temperature compared to other three catalysts. The result of TPD-NH3 also showed that the acidity of the catalysts reduced by reducing the amount of ceria. Meanwhile, steam reforming of acetic acid was conducted in a fixed bed reactor with metal catalysts on different supports metal at temperature of 600 oC, atmospheric pressure, 0.36 ml/min flow rate, acetic acid concentration 10 wt% and the weight of catalyst was 0.2 g. It was found that the mole fraction of hydrogen over Ni-Co/70%La2O3-20%Al2O3 catalyst was the highest which is 0.59, while acetic acid conversion over Ni-Co/70%La2O3- 20%CeO2 catalyst was the highest 93%. In addition, the catalyst (Ni-Co/70%La2O3- 20%CeO2 and Ni-Co/80%La2O3-10%CeO2) performance tests are carried out in a fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure and temperature from 500°C to 700°C at increment of 50°C/min, 0.36ml/min flow rate and 10 wt% acetic acid concentration. It was found that the hydrogen production dropped by increasing of temperature and the temperature of 500 to 550oC produce the high amount of hydrogen.


There is increasing interest in the 'prospect right' recently. The 'prospect right' of high-rise housing is often reflected in the house price value. The concept and value of 'prospect right' seems not yet defined accurately in Korean law, nor agreed among Korean people. The individual differences of the understanding on the prospect right may cause social problems such as construction delays and litigation. This study tried to quatify the degree of the prospects of objects, which were limited to 'the objects with prospect value'.


In response to Gilles and colleagues research article,[1][1] I would like to point out that regardless of the adverse effects associated with amoxycillin use, it is among the most commonly used antibiotics for respiratory infection in Canada. It is often prescribed as a substitute for penicillin VK


The hydrogenation-disproportionation-desorption-recombination (HDDR) process was applied to SmCo5 using extreme conditions, namely high hydrogen pressures and reactive milling under hydrogen. Investigations on the hydrogen absorption behavior of SmCo5 by differential scanning calorimetry under hydrogen pressures between 1 and 7 MPa showed absorption events due to an interstitial absorption at about 100 °C and a disproportionation reaction at about 600 °C. X-ray diffraction showed the disproportionation of SmCo5 into Sm hydride and fcc-Co. A favorable effect of high hydrogen pressures on the disproportionation reaction was observed which can be explained by a decrease of the free enthalpy of the samarium hydride for increasing hydrogen pressures. Reactively milled SmCo5 showed also the products of the disproportionation reaction. The recombination to the original SmCo5 phase on hydrogen desorption in a subsequent heat treatment in vacuum was successful for both methods. However, Sm2O3, Sm2Co17, and Sm2Co7 ...


Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) is a rare monogenic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) adaptor protein-1 (LDLRAP1) gene, encoding for the LDLRAP1 protein, which impairs internalization of hepatic LDLR. There are variable responses of ARH patients to treatment and the pathophysiological mechanism(s) for this variability remains unclear. This is in part caused by absence of reliable cellular models to evaluate the effect of LDLRAP1 mutations on LDLRAP1 protein function and its role in LDLR internalization. Here we aimed to validate patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) as an appropriate tool to model ARH disease. Fibroblasts from an ARH patient carrying the recently reported nonsense mutation, c.649G>T, were reprogrammed into hiPSCs using Sendai viral vectors. In addition, we used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) to create an LDLRAP1 gene (also known as ARH) knockout in 2 different human iPSC lines. ARH patient-derived iPSCs, ARH-knockout iPSC lines and control iPSCs were efficiently differentiated into HLCs. Western blot analysis demonstrated the absence of LDLRAP1 in HLCs derived from patient and KO iPSCs, and this was associated with a decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) uptake in ARH-mutant/knockout HLCs compared to control HLCs. In conclusion, we determined that the recently described c.649G>T point-mutation in LDLRAP1 induces absence of the LDLRAP1 protein, similar to what is seen following LDLRAP1 knockout. This causes a decreased, although not fully absent, LDL-uptake in ARH-mutant/knockout HLCs. As knockout of LDLRAP1 or presence of the c.649G>T point-mutation results in absence of LDLRAP1 protein, residual LDL uptake might be regulated by LDLRAP1-independent internalization mechanisms. Patient-specific iPSC-derived HLCs can therefore be a powerful tool to further decipher LDLRAP1 mutations and function of the protein.


Friction forces exert more important influences on the reliabilities of a micro-valve. As the dimension getting smaller, sometimes friction forces can cause the failure of a system by stopping the parts moving. A micro servo valve is designed for medical equipment, in which the spool is directly driven by an eccentric shaft. All the friction forces acting on both the eccentric shaft and the spool are studied, and the function between critical friction coefficient under self-lock condition and the rotation angle is investigated as well.


This research explores the causes and effects of a generation of children who are not able to and do not want to experience the wonders of nature. I propose that the roots of this problem lay in 1) the education system (specifically the origins of the education model, the approach to education, and the competitive character school instills), 2) the cultural view of the outside world as impartial and disenchanted, and 3) the loss of direct interaction with one another and nature. To understand strategies of introducing an eco-pedagogy, I worked for four months at Durango Nature Studies, a non-profit with a focus on hands-on learning, nature and environmental education. I investigated Environmental-based programs, the advantages of outdoor education, the benefits of unstructured time and play, and school models that build on communal efforts rather than a competitive environment. Based on my findings, I designed a hypothetical curriculum based on a theoretical environmental-experiential education program. The curriculum encourages students to marvel over mystery, accept that not everything has a quantifiable answer, find beauty in the smallest of places and have time to do what is missing from so many of their lives, play.


A field experiment was conducted at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Rabi season 2022-23 on chickpea crop. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with ten treatments and three replication. The treatments consist of 3 levels of Phosphorus (30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) and 3 levels of Zinc (10, 15 and 20 kg/ha). The treatment combinations are as follows, T1 – 30 kg/ha Phosphorus + 10 kg/ha Zinc,  T2 – 30 kg/ha Phosphorus and 15 kg/ha Zinc, T3 – 30 kg/ha Phosphorus and 20 kg/h Zinc, T4 – 40 kg/ha Phosphorus + 10 kg/ha Zinc, T5 – 40 kg/ha Phosphorus + 15 kg/ha Zinc, T6 – 40 kg/ha Phosphorus + 20 kg/ha Zinc, T7 – 50 kg/ha Phosphorus + 10 kg/ha Zinc, T8 – 50 kg/ha Phosphorus + 15 kg/ha Zinc, T9 – 50 kg/ha Phosphorus + 20 kg/ha Zinc and T10 – (control). The nutrient sources were Urea, Single Super Phosphate (SSP) and Muriate of Potash (MOP), applied as per the recommended dose of 20-40-20 kg NPK/ha. As per the treatment, application of phosphorus and zinc were done as basal application. The treatment consisted of soil application of Phosphorus (30 kg/ha, 40 kg/ha and 50 kg/ha), Zinc (10 kg/ha, 15 kg/ha and 20 kg/ha) and zinc and a control (20-40-20 kg NPK/ha). The results of the experiment showed that, plant height (48.81 cm), dry weight (14.88 g) number of nodules/plant (14.67), number of pods/plant (30.07), number of seeds/pod (1.37), seed index (21.36 g), seed yield (2.66 t/ha) and stover yield (4.26 t/ha), harvest index (38.31) were recorded significantly highest with the application Phosphorus 50 kg/ha + Zinc 20 kg/ha. Maximum gross returns (152516.67 INR/ha), net returns (102367.23 INR/ha), and B-C ratio (2.04) were also obtained with the same treatment.


Surface cracks were found on the surface of normal rolling steel.The morphology of the crack was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and optical microscopy(OM)and high-temperature oxidation products were found near the exist,with serious decarburization near cracks after corrosion.The result shows that high temperature oxidation would arise after heating the cracks of continuous casting billet,which can not be welded by normal hot rolled technology,and defects of the rolling steel will appear finally.


During the service process of the mechanized fishing boat, its low carbon steel hull and parts are extremely susceptible to Cl− erosion and seawater scouring, which cause a decrease in strength and lead to failure. To increase its service life and reduce maintenance costs, coating protection technology is widely used. In order to solve the problem of poor adhesion between paint coating and substrate and low strength of metal coating, NiCrMo-WC coatings with different WC contents (0 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%) were prepared on the surface of Q235 substrate by plasma cladding technology. The coatings were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrum analysis (EDS), etc. Its phase formation rule, microstructure and element distribution were studied. Microhardness test and electrochemical corrosion test were carried out. The study found that the 20 WC coating has the highest average hardness (563.1 HV). It is about 3.25 times of the Q235 substrate. It has the lowest friction, wear rate and lower friction coefficient, showing the best wear resistance. The 15 WC coating has the lowest self-corrosion current density (3.4934 × 10−7 A/cm2) and the lowest corrosion rate (0.0041 mm/a), which is only 3.7% of the corrosion rate of Q235 steel.


A torque anchor intended to block the rotation of a production string with respect to a casing of a well, the torque anchor comprising a body, at least two supports mobile with respect to the body, wheels borne by the supports, the wheels being suitable for running on an inner face of said casing, at least one restraining device suitable for exerting a force on said wheels in order to anchor said wheels in said casing. Each restraining device comprises a set of springs suitable for acting on the set of said supports and a guide capable of guiding said set of springs; said guide being borne by said supports; said guide being mobile with respect to at least one support.


Objective:To study the effect and mechanism of N-acetyl cysteine(NAC) on renal calcium oxalate stone formation in rats,For clinical prevention urinary stones provide theoretical basis.Methods:At first,30 health clean adult male Wistar rats adaptability feeding 1 week in the same environment,then randomly divided into 3 groups(n=10): group A(Blank control group),group B(stone forming group),group C(stone forming+NAC intervention group),group A drink deionized water,group B drink 1% glycol in deionized water,group C drink 1% glycol in deionized water,and to give NAC100 mg/(kg·d) by lavage.After feeding for 4 weeks,remove double kidney,left renal opened longitudinally,with 10% formaldehyde fixed,HE dyeing paraffin section,the deposit condition of calcium oxalate crystals in nephridial tissue was observed and scored by 100,400 times light-microscopy.Right renal cortex made 10% of slurry,detection of MDA and SOD.All the experimental data analysis by SPSS17.0 statistical software.Results:①Classification and score the deposit condition of calcium oxalate crystals in nephridial tissue: Compared with group B,group C of kidney crystal deposition score significantly decrease(P0.05);②MDA test results: Compared with group B,group C of MDA content decreased,difference have statistical significance(P0.05);③SOD test results: Compared with group B,group C of SOD content increased,difference have statistical significance(P0.05);④The correlation coefficient of score(deposit condition of calcium oxalate crystals in nephridial tissue) and SOD content is-0.499(P0.01),the correlation coefficient of score and MDA content is 0.592(P0.01).Conclusions:NAC can inhibiting renal calcium oxalate stone formation in rat through its antioxidation.


With the last fan-fare rf celebration in the fall semester, traditional seeps into the inherent sophistication of Bard College undergraduate with the annual Boar's Head Dinner. . In a dining-room decorated with garlands of evergreens depicting the spirit of Christmas, the Bar, dians will partake of the last official dinner of the semester and Imbibe the spirit of festive ceremony of the Middle Ages. The Boar's Head procession is an outgrowth of the ancient tradition at Oxford University. Although now a primarily decorative procession and ritual, it is believed that the boar's head was a medieval symbol of plenty combined with a hunting celebration. At Bard college, the pro c e s s ion will consist of the bringing in of the boar's head by four collegians accompanied by proper' candle-bearers and the singing of the Boar's Head carol by the cantor, all of whom will be dressed in medieval costumes. The committees responsible for the various parts of the evening are Mr. Edward Fuller, General ChairStaff Announcement


The work presented herein treats measured airloads from the UH-60A Airloads Program as prescribed external loads to calculate the resulting structural loads and motions of a rotor blade. Without the need to perform any aerodynamic computations, the coupled aeroelastic response problem is reduced to one involving only structural dynamics. The results, computed by RCAS and CAMRAD II, are compared against measured results and against each other for three representative test points. The results from the two codes mostly validate each other. Seven more test points, with responses computed by RCAS, to form thrust and airspeed sweeps are evaluated to better understand key issues. One such issue is an inability to consistently predict pushrod loads and torsion moments well, and this is found to be amplified at the two test points with the highest thrust coefficient. For these two test points, harmonic analysis reveals that the issue is due to excessive amounts of 5/rev response that stem from high levels of 5/rev pitching moment excitation. Another issue that concerns all test points is that the phase of the 1/rev blade flapping motion is not predicted well, which reflects the high sensitivity of this quantity that is developed due to having a first flap frequency of approximately 1/rev. Results also show that current force-velocity relationships, used in describing the lead-lag damper, are not satisfactory to consistently yield accurate inboard chordwise bending moment predictions. Overall, the investigation here, conducted with numerous test points, further confirms the methodology of prescribing measured airloads for assessing the structural dynamics capability of a computational tool.


Quantum states transformation under free operations plays a central role in the resource theory of coherence. In this paper, we investigate the transformation from a mixed coherent state into a pure one by using both incoherent operations and stochastic incoherent operations. We show that contrary to the strictly incoherent operations and the stochastic strictly incoherent operations, both the incoherent operations and the stochastic incoherent operations can increase the dimension of the maximal pure coherent subspace of a state. This means that the incoherent operations are generally stronger than the strictly incoherent operations when we want to transform a mixed coherent state into a pure coherent one. Our findings can also be interpreted as confirming the ability of incoherent operations to enhance the coherence of mixed states relative to certain coherence monotones under strictly incoherent operations.


To understand the situation of drug resistance of hIFN-α-2b BCG,in order to explore the curative effects of antibiotics on adverse reaction caused by IFN-α-2b-BCG during treating bladder carcinoma and their impact on anti-tumor effect of recombinant IFN-α-2b-BCG,wild BCG served as control,10 kinds of antibacterial drugs including rifampicin,potentially effective against the IFN-α-2b-BCG,were measured in vitro by the BACTEC 960TB method,to observe the potential impact of antibiotics on the activity of recombinant BCG strains.The results showed that IFN-α-2b-BCG was susceptible to quinolones in systemic infections but resistant to some aminoglycosides.It was resistant to pyrazinamide but showed good susceptibility toward the other antituberculosis drugs tested.Most antibacterials may interfere with IFN-α-2b-BCG in the bladder because of high urinary recovery.


The electrodeposition of the Mo-Se thin films from sulfate solution containing Na 2 MoO 4 and H 2 SeO 3 was studied. The process of deposition were conducted under potentiostatic condition on copper electrode. The effect of different potential, pH and time of deposition were examined. The deposits were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy.


The quality of results to Web search queries is substantially limited because of the cost and short processing times allowed at search engine's data center to retrieve relevant pages, augment ads, and present them to the end-user. We tackle such an issue by proposing a radically different system, where the search engine replies to a query with a large list of relevant URLs. Our client-side platform then proceeds to download the target HTML files only, parse them, understand their content, and present a summary to the user. Different types of summaries can be created by using plug-ins attached to the base platform. Each plug-in provides the required functionality according to the type of summary desired by the user. With this novel mechanism, our system offers increased computational power for post-processing search results and consequently improves and personalizes the user's search experience while maintaining constant workload at the search engine. We present prototype implementations of the proposed search assistant and an associated shopping plug-in capable of detecting whether a Web-page encapsulates a direct commercial offering. We also review measurements related to projected system performance and demonstrate its applicability to different scenarios.


Objective To evaluate thecornealastigmatismcorrection effect and rotational stability of AcrysofToric Intraocular len(s IOL)after cataract surgery.Methods Forty-five eyes of 45 subjects were enrolled in this study.The preoperative corneal astigmatism waft more than 1.00 diopter(D) for all the eyes.All the patients underwent similar phaeoemulsification combined with Acrysof Toric IOLs implantation.The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),preoperative corneal astigmatism,anticipated residual astigmatism,postoperative residual astigmatism and Toric lens axis were detected and measured.The IOL position was assessed at one day,one week,one month and three months after operation using especially designed angle measuring eyepiece under the slit lamp.Results After three months,92% of eyes showed the 0.5 or better in UCVA;78% of eyes was 0.8 or better in UCVA and 96%of eyes achieved 0.8 or better in BCVA.The mean preoperative corneal astigmatism was(1.400±0.405)D and the postoperative refractive cylinder was(0.197±0.179) D,indicating a significant decrease in refractive cylinder after surgery(P 0.05).Compared to the first day after operation,the mean rotation of Toric IOLs was(2.322±1.853) °.Conclusions Acrysof Toric IOLs provide cataract patients with the better UCVA,good rotational stability and predictability in the correct of corneal astigmatism.It is an effective option for the correct of preexisting corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery.


Objective To investigate the distributed characters of anti-egg nucleus antibody in serum of critical patients.Methods The patients were collected (including the patients with acute disease and chronic disease) from intensive care unit (ICU),autoimmune diseases were excluded [1].The patients were divided into ICU acute diseases group,ICU chronic diseases group,the healthy people were regard as the control group.Anti-egg nucleus antibody was detected by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The titer of anti-egg nucleus antibody in serum of ICU chronic disease group and ICU acute disease group decreased significantly (P0.01),comparing with control group.Conclusion The level of anti-egg nucleus antibody decreases significantly in the critical period of patients.The titer of anti-egg nucleus antibody may be used to evaluate disease conditions.


In this paper we propose an easy to use framework for creating motion content for humanoid robots based on user demonstrations. A wearable interface is proposed and a prototype of the wearable interface is implemented to provide an intuitive content creation method for users who lack expertise in robot programming. An algorithm for transferring human motion to a robot and creating editable motions is presented to improve the reusability of the demonstrated motions. For generating various motions from a limited number of demonstrations, two motion models are presented and diverse motions are generated from the motion models. A humanoid robot, AMIO, is used to validate the proposed motion generation framework.


The constant growth of the number of the involved in Paralympic sports and their achievement of the leading positions at the national and global levels arouses great public interest in the development of adaptive sport. At the present phase Russia is among the leading countries developing Paralympic sport. Swimming is one of the most common ones among sports for the disabled and is inferior only to track and field athletics in the number of medals. Sports training of elite athletes with spinal cord injuries has its peculiarities associated with their disabilities. The analysis of the findings of the research on this subject suggests that some aspects of training of Paralympic swimmers are disclosed in the researches of scientists, but the acquired data do not fully justify the essential features of formative factors of sports skills of swimmers in this category. The purpose of the study was to develop and prove the effectiveness of the methodology of differentiated sports training based on the leading dominant factors, determining to the utmost high achievements of elite athletes with spinal cord injuries. The proposed differentiation of the process of sports training Paralympic swimmers positively affects the formation of adaptive and compensatory mechanisms. Using the developed methodology with the procedural components including: rational parameters of training effects in a year macrocycle, set of psycho-pedagogical exposures and recovery methods resulted in significant positive changes in physical fitness indices, mental and functional status.


One of the major concerns of microcomputer users is the expense of obtaining software that meets their needs. With the development of "Freeware" or User Supported Software, users have the opportunity to obtain software which can be evaluated completely before purchase. Michigan State University has two distribution sources for microcomputer software. A User Supported Software Library, placed on a microcomputer, enables members of the University community to copy a package and evaluate it thoroughly before deciding to buy. A second, mainframe-based library, provides a "bulletin board" or online Microcomputer Software Exchange Library. Both libraries require maintenance and management programs. Legal considerations for maintaining the libraries are also discussed.
Universities are both suppliers and consumers of microcomputer software. As the number of microcomputers on campuses grow, some means of making software available for members of the university communities is necessary. Also as computer centers and other departments develop software, a means of distributing the packages becomes important. Both microcomputers and mainframes can be used as "libraries", centers in which software resides and can be "checked out". Development of libraries requires that there be packages which can be distributed easily and legally. This paper describes the development of software libraries at Michigan State University based on user supported software. Some of the legal issues that arise with the creation of software libraries are also discussed in the paper.


This brief proposes a novel generalized Fractional Folding (FF) architecture for digital signal processing integrated circuits. With this new structure, a Fractional Folding based enhanced Parallel Inversionless Berlekamp-Massey (FF-ePIBM) Reed-Solomon Decoder is presented of which the number of processing element (PE) can be reduced to only one, resulting in ultra-low hardware complexity. The FF-ePIBM VLSI architecture can greatly reduce the hardware cost by about 60% compare to the fully expanded parallel ePIBM architecture. With FF-ePIBM architecture, syndrome calculation (SC) block and Chien search & error evaluation (CSEE) block are able to operate at a lower frequency resulting in about 14.8% power saving. A polyphase clock signal is needed in order to achieve fractional folding function according to specific fractional-factor. It is generated from Delay Locked Loop (DLL) at little or no extra cost in different SoCs. To maximize the throughput of decoder, pipelined architecture is adopted to optimize critical path delay. The RS (255, 239) decoder with FF-ePIBM architecture is finally implemented with 40nm CMOS technology. The synthesized results demonstrate that the decoder has a gate count of 12.9k and can operate at 3.1GHz to achieve a highest throughput of 24.8Gb/s and a best TSNT FoM value of 592 to this date.


While most physical systems or phenomena occur in continuous-time, identification methods based on discrete-time models are more widespread among practitioners and academic community, possibly due to the discrete-time nature of the data records. There has been a growing interest in estimating continuous-time (CT) models in the last decade. This work develops algorithms to estimate the parameters of multivariable state-space CT models from input-output samples using a method based on the recently developed MOLI-ZOFT approach. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using real data from an industrial winding process.


The standard method of extending a system with an operation to a system with the operation and its inverse depends heavily on the law of cancellation: ab=ac implies b~c (possibly with some limitation on a). The most familiar example is undoubtedly the extension of the integers to the rational numbers. If the law of cancellation fails, not only does the method fail, but the extension cannot be a group. However, one may ask whether some method of extension is available in certain cases where the cancellation law fails but is replaced by something else, for example an order relation. I t is the purpose of this paper to present an extension of the system of cardinal numbers (the positive cardinals, excluding zero). This will be an extension of both the cardinal numbers and the positive rational numbers with respect to the operations of addition and multiplication and the relation of ordering. Furthermore, this extension is the smallest extension subject to certain conditions. We shall assume the axiom of choice in the form of the simple ordering of the cardinals. The means for obtaining the extension is suggested by a treatment of ratios by Eudoxus. (See for instance E. T. Bell, Development of mathematics, New York, 1940, p. 61.) We define first an equivalence relation between ordered pairs of cardinal numbers: (a, b)p(c, d) if and only if (1) a>b and c>d, or (2) a = bandc = d, or (3) a<bandc<d. In terms of the relation p we define the fundamental equivalence relation between ordered pairs of cardinal numbers :


The invention discloses a microbiological feed additive for replacing antibiotics, mainly comprising bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae and the like. The preparation method of the microbiological feed additive comprises the following steps: parent species of all strains are prepared by liquid state fermentation, production species are prepared by carrying out solid state fermentation on the parent species, the strain is obtained by carrying out further solid state fermentation on the production species, and the strains are mixed according to a certain proportion to obtain the microbiological feed additive. The microbiological feed additive can improve the nonspecific immunity of animals, enhance the anti-stress capability of an organism, activate the growth potential of the animals, improve the production performance comprehensively, solve the problems of low quality of products, loss of flavor, diarrhea of piglets, constipation of sows,shapeless feces of chickens and ducks, more anti-nutritional factors of feedstuff materials and low digestion and utilization in a package manner, and provide a low-cost, simple and practical scheme for replacing the antibiotics, an enzyme preparation, arsenical preparations and probiotics.


The artificial induction of gynogenesis of amago salmon was cytologically confirmed, and the nucleus behavior and the cytological rates were compared at the early stage of development among the following three groups: normal, hybrid between the female amago salmon and the male rainbow trout, and gynogenetic developed group. The first cleavage of hybrid and gynogenetic development was delayed compared with normal development, while that in the gynogens was later than that of the hybrid. The cytological stage at 68 h • •Ž in cumulative temperature, which is considered the optimum timing for suppressing the first cleavage of gynogen, was prometaphase. In gynogenetically activated eggs, the lump-shaped body appeared in the metaphase plate. Then, it remained near the cleavage plane in the following cell division, and was considered to be degenerated nuclear materials derived from irradiated sperm, i.e. dense chromatin body (DCB), which could not transform to chromosomes. There fore, paternally derived genetic materials should disappear during the anaphase and the telophase in the first cleavage of gynogenetic development. Some chromosomes were gradually eliminated in the hybrid development after the first cleavage. This phenomenon was considered a major cause of inviability and the subsequent expression of abnormality during the development of the hybrid.


Experiments involving the insertion of a tungsten needle powered by an ~1-kW radio-frequency (RF) generator into a flowing saltwater mist produced by a nebulizer are described. The tip of the tungsten electrode is estimated to have a temperature near the 5555-°C vaporization temperature of tungsten. Values of E/N close to the electrode tip are estimated to be greater than the breakdown threshold of humid air. This arrangement of RF-powered electrode and flowing saltwater aerosol produces a flame of some 30 cm high having strong light emission near the 589-nm sodium-D lines. We present a model demonstrating that the emission trapped in the core along the length of the flame arises primarily from Na(32P → 32S) with some Na2* emission. The rising flame cools slowly due to a combination of the opacity of the hot gas, the large heat capacity of the H2O molecules in the flame, and the exothermicity of the plasma chemistry in the afterglow.


The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),stomatal limited value(Ls) and aboveground biomass is at different growth stages of two contrasted drought-resistance cultivars of winter wheat treated by five nitrogen levels were investigated in field experiment.The results show that the net photosynthetic rate decreases as the plant growth,the highest Pn of the CK(no N fertilization) is on the jointing stage and those of other treatments(N fertilization) are on the tillering stage.The highest Gs and Ls of all N treatments are on the jointing stage to heading stage.They first increase and decrease finally as plant growing.Reasonable nitrogen supply can increase Pn and Gs and decrease Ls.The Pn and Gs of different cultivars are different with growth stages and nitrogen fertilizations,the Pn and Gs of dryland cultivar are higher than those of watered cultivar at the N180 treatment,and those of the dryland cultivar are higher than those of watered cultivar from the jointing stage to heading stage.The aboveground biomass increases continuously as the plant growing.The effect of nitrogen supply on the aboveground biomass is different between cultivars,which of dryland cultivar increases firstly and decreases finally as the nitrogen supply increase,and which of the watered cultivar decreases continuously.The grain yield of the two cultivars increases firstly and decreases finally with the nitrogen fertilization increase,the highest grain yield of two cultivars is on N180 treatment,so the N180 treatment is the optimize nitrogen supply level in field.


We construct a shortcut to an adiabatic passage in a three-level system by choosing a dressed state acting as an evolutive path. Two designed auxiliary pulses are added into the original pulses to eliminate the couplings between the chosen evolutive-path state and the other two dressed states. The same target state as one gotten by adiabatic passage can be rapidly obtained, and the population of the lossy intermediate state can be controlled by setting proper parameters. Furthermore, as an example, we use this method in the adiabatic-passage scheme [Opt. Express20, 014547 (2012)], a complicated cavity quantum electrodynamics system, to successfully accelerate the generation of the three-dimensional entanglement between a single atom and a Bose-Einstein condensate.


This paper introduces the application of heat-treatment processes of cold-working and hot working dies in our co.,explains how,while making the pieces,to select the appropriate beforehand and finally heat-treatment processes according to their material the dies capability and the requirements of the blueprints,so as to meet the requirements on strength,hardness,toughness etc.of the dies and also says something about the arranging of heat-treatment method in the course of processing technique.


Many-to-Many (m2m) communication paradigm is an inevitable part of modern information exchange in telecommunication networks allowing synchronous data exchange among group of hosts. There are numerous underlying technologies and algorithms using m2m communication, in this paper we focus on dynamic provisioning of multicast-based routing for Elastic Optical Networks (EONs). We propose multilayer approach where multicast trees are built on top of EON, using specific features and constraints of this optical technology. Likewise in our previous works, we use a concept of rendezvous servers, acting as distribution hubs in m2m group communication. Proposed solution combines anycast and multicast networking paradigms. The main contributions of this paper are proposals of multicast-based dynamic routing algorithms for m2m traffic in EONs, followed by extensive simulation results, showing that the new algorithm outperforms previously investigated non-multicast approaches.


Highway impact upon land use has been widely studied, and some efforts have been made toward quantifying its effects. Impact timing, however, despite its importance, has not been explored to any great extent. This article looks at the effects of the timing of highway development on surrounding areas by examining the experiences of 10 impact areas in the U.S. Relative rates of comparison, analysis methods, typical cases, and variations are discussed, and conclusions are provided.


In order to make the IP networks meet the requirement of some real-time services such as audio and video,it is necessary to research on QoS for different services of IP networks. Several QoS protocols are analyzed and discussed in this paper,including Resource Reservation Protocol(RSVP),Intserv,Diffserv and MPLS. There are two methods that are beneficial to reduce the delay time in Internet and realize the share of Internet resources. One method is combining Intserv/RSVP with Diffserv,and the other is the model of IP over ATM. In the end,this paper expounds how to utilize MPLS in electric power communication networks according to the demands of key operations.


An acoustical dummy head is designed based on the Chinese national code of adult head geometry. From a survey of more than four hundreds Chinese adult auricle structure, a typical physiological structure of auricle is selected for the acoustic dummy head. Eyes, nose and other head structure are simplified. The HRTF of the acoustical dummy head is measured. The cues relating to sound source localization, including interaural time difference (ITD),interaural level difference (ILD), and spectral features introduced by pinna, nose, hair and other detail structure of head, are analyzed. And then the analytical data is compared with a full-scale dummy head. The result shows that the acoustical dummy head retains the main acoustic characteristics attributed to auditory localization. A listening test is carried out to verify this property.


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Councillor Althea Smith was elected Mayor of Southwark at the Annual Meeting of Council Assembly on 23 May 2012 held at the council's offices in Tooley Street for the first time.