One result of recent incidents of urban violence is that increased attention has been focused on the goals and operation of the lower criminal courts. The purpose of this study is to examine the functioning of the Cook County, Illinois criminal justice system in response to the mass arrests made during the riot which followed the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on April 4, 1968. This inquiry was initiated by persons who observed the Cook County criminal system during the April riot. Outward indicia-including conditions in the jails, the inability of arrestees to contact friends, relatives, or lawyers, or to post bail, the authorities' refusal to conduct bond reduction hearings until days after the riot was officially proclaimed to be over, and the system's hostility toward volunteer lawyers and law students-suggested that under stress the lower criminal courts of Chicago had allowed the rights of defendants to be seriously abused. Our study has indeed revealed serious deficiencies in the operation of the criminal process in April 1968. But many of these deficiencies are not unique to times of civil disorder; they are rooted in serious structural infirmities in the criminal process. It is unfortunate that so much attention has focused on the lower criminal courts only in response to civil disorders. One recurring theme of this study is that in some respects the goals and operation of the


Anthologies of literary theory, the backbone of courses on literary criticism, rely on viktor Shklovsky's "Art as a Device" or Boris Eikhenbaum's "The Theory of the 'Formal Method'" to broach the subject of Russian formalism. The canonical status of these essays is well deserved. Written when the author was merely twenty-four, Shklovsky's 1917 essay bristles with a polemical fervor, wit, and knack for example that announce him as a critical prodigy. Marked by the mixture of embittered pride, rigor, and self-conscious malaise typical of later formalism, Eikhenbaum's dense history of the formal school is remarkable for its titanic effort to marry historical considerations to a systematic analysis of the evolution of key formalist doctrines.


Distance-time theory is intrinsically a quantum time and space structure because it has both local and nonlocal regions. Hence the quanta is a probabilistic interface between these regions. I use a probabilistic wave distribution and create a rule: events within the waviness obey a nonlocality rule, and measured events external to the waviness obey locality rules. Using this rule, I discuss quantum nonlocal behavior within a distance-time structure. This discussion includes quantum tunneling, entanglement, and time travel.


Sin3B expression and its interaction with phosphorylated p53 increases under stress conditions. Recruitment of Sin3B by p53 at its target gene promoters is essential for the maintenance of inhibitory chromatin environment by inducing epigenetic modifications that brings about their target gene repression.


The invention relates generally to a cooling of an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, and more particularly to a compensating container for a coolant for a cooling circuit, in particular for a low-temperature circuit for indirectly cooling supercharging air for an internal combustion engine, a cooling circuit, in particular a low-temperature circuit for indirectly cooling supercharging air for an internal combustion engine and a method for cooling a hot component, in particular an internal combustion engine. According to the invention to integrate the surge tank in the main cooling circuit, for which purpose a coolant direct guiding means between an inlet and outlet connection is arranged at the reservoir through which a partial coolant flow of a flowing into the surge tank coolant flow flowing directly from the inlet to the outlet socket.


Error-correction process has to be carried out periodically to prevent accumulation of errors in fault-tolerant quantum computation. It is believed that the best choice to get maximum threshold value is carrying out an error-correction process after each quantum gate operation. Result of this note shows that the optimal error-correction period depends on the value of k which is the level number of concatenated quantum error-correction code.


Two cooperative programs to measure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in extracts from diesel particulate emissions were conducted by project groups of the Coorinating Research Council's Air Pollution Research Advisory Committee. The use of a uniform analysis method by all participating laboratories gave better precision than the use of different methods selected by each participant. Results from eight laboratories gave relative standard deviations for nine PAH which ranged from 15 to 34% using the uniform method. These results show that this method for PAH provides adequate precision for diesel fuel-and-vehicle studies as well as for health assessment.


In Vita Nova, Louise Gliick s latest and ninth book of poems, the poet resolutely examines and sheds the past. She considers various deaths which take place in a life: end of love, loss of safety, end of childhood, loss of a parent—each death, while terrifying, involves transformation. That death approaches, both literally and figuratively, as prerequisite to change, is not a new concept. In the Bible, the verse reads: "except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and die, it abideth alone: but if it die, it bringeth forth much fruit." An old life is cast off so that a fresh, though unfamiliar, life may blossom. Metamorphosis is not a new theme for Gliick. In her Pulitzer Prize winning Wild Iris, the dormant snowdrops open: "I didn't expect / to waken again, to feel... // afraid, yes, but among you again / crying yes risk joy // in the raw wind of the new world." Vita Nova confronts the reader with the terror of transmutation, and then propels her through. A living captive in one poem states: "Everyone afraid of love is afraid of death." The poems of Vita Nova delve deeply into both subjects, never skirting the fears they provoke. Adept at assuming personae, Gliick conjures Dante's La Vita Nuova, Virgil's Aeneid, and Ovid's Metamorphoses; the enthralled lover, thwarted lover, and beloved, all take shape in these pages. The poems reflect immortal loves, earthly loves, descents into hell, and earthly terrors. While reconstructing her past, Gliick poses the central question: "Does it have to happen in the world to be real?" The book's epigraph, "The master said You must write what you see. / But what I see does not


The paper[1] constructs the conglomerate axiom system ACG in order to research the base of Category Theory.This paper constructs the model Ω^(B)(where B is a complete Boolean algebra) on the basis of the models △^(B) (see[2])and ∧^(B)(see[5]),and proves:(1)Ω^(B) is Boolean-Valued model of the conglomerate axiom system ACG;(2)The maximum and minimum principles are true in Ω^(B).


Improving quality has become the goal of many organisations and introducing such programmes has resulted in several accounts documenting the risks and failures attached to implementing these quality initiatives. Middle management resistance has been cited as a common form of resistance, though it is widely recognised, even among the managerial groups, that commitment from this level within the organisation is essential if implementation is to have any chance of success. However, some writers believe that the middle management position is misunderstood and that the quality drive by the organisation pushes this group into a stance of resistance. Regardless of whether the resistance is intentional or unintentional, there are serious managerial implications resulting from this problem, many of which carry strategic implications for the firm.


Biosynthesis of the major sex pheromone components of the obliquebanded leafroller, (Z)- and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetates, is shown to proceed by Δ11 desaturation of myristate as in the related redbanded leafroller. A comparison between the amounts of deuterium label incorporated into the pheromone components from labelled myristic, palmitic and stearic acids gave a higher level of incorporation for the shorter chain acids, suggesting that Δ11 desaturation is a faster process than 2 carbon chain-shortening by β-oxidation.


A simplifled set of equations is derived systematically below for the interaction of large scale ∞ow flelds and precipitation in the tropical atmosphere. These equations, the Tropical Climate Model, have the form of a shallow water equation and an equation for moisture coupled through a strongly nonlinear source term. This source term, the precipitation, is of relaxation type in one region of state space for the temperature and moisture, and vanishes identically elsewhere in the state space of these variables. In addition, the equations are coupled nonlinearly to the equations for barotropic incompressible ∞ow. Several mathematical features of this system are developed below including energy principles for solutions and their flrst derivatives independent of relaxation time. With these estimates, the formal inflnitely fast relaxation limit converges to a novel hyperbolic free boundary problem for the motion of precipitation fronts from a large scale dynamical perspective. Elementary exact solutions of the limiting dynamics involving precipitation fronts are developed below and include three families of waves: fast drying fronts as well as slow and fast moistening fronts. The last two families of waves violate Lax's Shock Inequalities; nevertheless, numerical experiments presented below conflrm their robust realizability with realistic flnite relaxation times. From the viewpoint of tropical atmospheric dynamics, the theory developed here provides a new perspective on the fashion in which the prominent large scale regions of moisture in the tropics associated with deep convection can move and interact with large scale dynamics in the quasi-equilibrium approximation.


— Fifteen species of microspores and pollen from a sample taken within the Wollar Sandstone, N.S.W. are described, seven as new species. A new species of megaspore is also described. Age relationships of the microflora are briefly discussed and it is proposed that the sample is of upper Scythian or lower Anisian age


Globally, coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) is a new, highly contagious, and life‐threatening virus. We aimed to demonstrate how we proceeded with bronchoscopic procedures without published guidelines at the inception of the pandemic period.


Inorganic acids are offered for forensic examination of materials, substances and products mainly in the form of individual aqueous mixtures, however, some of the objects are mixtures containing strong and weak acids or two strong acids, which complicates the process of determining the concentration of each component. For that reason creation of an accurate, correct, reproducible, rapid and simple methodology for determining mass fraction, in particular of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, is also an important step in a reliable forensic assessment of study results.
To establish applicability of the methods of gravimetric analysis and interpretation of its result for forensic examination, research was carried out on a model three component mixture containing 10 % hydrochloric and 40 % sulfuric acid in an aqueous solution. Determination of sulfuric acid was implemented by means of gravimetric analysis: deposition of SO42-ions by Ba2+ ions with further calculation of acid mass fraction which is 39,05 ± 0,99% that is within the limits of an admissible error (Δхmax ≤ 3σ). The hydrochloric acid was determined by the Volhard method, according to the results of which the mass fraction of acid was 9,56 ± 0,45%, which is within permissible error limits (Δхmax ≤ 3σ).
Taking into account availability of equipment, simplicity, technological effectiveness, the suggested method for analyzing objects offered for research is an effective method for forensic monitoring of inorganic acids content which are the subject to control measures.


Interprocedural flow analysis can be used to eliminate otherwise unnecessary heap allocated objects (unboxing), and in previous work we have shown how to do so while maintaining correctness with respect to the garbage collector (GC). In this paper, we extend the notion of flow analysis to incorporate types, enabling optimization of typed programs. We apply this typed analysis to specify and construct a type-preserving interprocedural unboxing optimization, and prove that the optimization preserves type and GC safety along with program semantics. We also show that the unboxing optimization can be applied independently to separately compiled program modules, and prove via a contextual equivalence result that unboxing a module in isolation preserves program semantics.


Using properties of Goldstino, we show that in generic grand unified theories with gravity-mediated supersymmetry breaking the $\mu$-problem is non-existent. What happens is that supersymmetry breaking universally induces the shifts of the heavy fields that generate $\mu$ and $B_{\mu}$ terms. In the leading order, these are given by the mass of gravitino and are insensitive to the scale of grand unification. The mechanism works regardless whether doublet-triplet splitting is achieved via fine-tuning or not. Moreover, we illustrate this general phenomenon on explicit examples of theories that achieve doublet-triplet splitting dynamically. These include the theories with Higgs doublet as a pseudo-Goldstone boson, as well as, the approach based on spontaneous decoupling of the light color-triplet from quarks and leptons.


The electric force on ions in plasma and the momentum flux carried by the mixed ion-neutral flow were measured and found to be equal. The experiment was performed in a direct-current gas discharge of cylindrical geometry with applied radial electric field and axial magnetic field. The unmagnetized plasma ions, neutralized by magnetized electrons, were accelerated radially outward transferring part of the gained momentum to neutrals. Measurements were taken for various argon gas flow rates between 13 and 100 Standard Cubic Centimeter per Minute, for a discharge current of 1.9 A and a magnetic field intensity of 136 G. The plasma density, electron temperature, and plasma potential were measured at various locations along the flow. These measurements were used to determine the local electric force on the ions. The total electric force on the plasma ions was then determined by integrating radially the local electric force. In parallel, the momentum flux of the mixed ion-neutral flow was determined by measurin...


The dynamic nature of translator training, set as it is against a background of exponential growth in Information and Communication Technology, has channelled the ongoing research of a large number of University teachers for the last two decades. Innovative teaching initiatives have been developed to review the key component of the research and teaching conducted in this context. Our main objectives have been to implement the current changes under way in the Spanish university system; introduce a new didactic model, PATT (Professional Approach to Translation Training), designed to coordinate the learning taking place in a series of core and elective course modules that ran across four years of the undergraduate Translation and Interpreting degree program; and adapt PATT model to the Web 2.0 technologies with the development of new resources (Digital library, Open Software library, Social Networks, Wikis, Blogs, etc.). This didactic model has grown ever more sophisticated over the years and the gradual testing and refinement of transparent assessment tools has enabled us to create a learning/teaching environment that draws on the most productive aspects of social constructivism to offer learners a modern, blended e-learning course environment closely attuned to the reality of the Digital Native generation through the rigorous integration of Web 2.0 interactive social networks.


Current policy scenario The National Policy for Empowerment of Women (2001) provides that: Special attention will be given to the needs of women in the provision of safe drinking water, sewage disposal, toilet facilities and sanitation within accessible reach of households, especially in rural areas and urban slums. Women's participation will be ensured in the planning, delivery and maintenance of such services.


The study sought to explore the importance of applying the re-engineeringapproach to knowledge institutions in order to institutionalize modern methods inmanaging knowledge institutions because they have important and vital additionsto the strategic policies of knowledge institutions.It also informs employees of knowledge institutions about re-engineering ,on the move towards adoption of modern management methods , and changethe working procedures of the institutions of knowledge for the better , It is basedon the descriptive approach , as it is best suited to identify : concepts andframeworks of knowledge of the method of re-engineering , types ofadministrative re-engineering required by the knowledge institutions , and toclarify the importance of the application of the approach of re-engineering ofknowledge institutions , the consequences of its application , and to find ways tomeet the challenges that may impede this application in knowledge institutions ,The most important results of the study are : The introduction of administrativereengineering allows for radical improvements , not limited to partial modificationsof all components of the knowledge institution . Different types of knowledgeinstitutions need to re-engineer management , whether they suffer or not fromproblems of re-engineering in knowledge institutions : Service of reengineering ,reengineering process , reengineering ofmanagement systems , reengineering requires management improvementand development especially in the areas of organizational work , process outputs, system , and resources .A set of reengineering approaches that can be reliably applied toknowledge institutions is available from the results of the application of thereengineering approach to knowledge institutions : the transformation ofbusiness units from functional departments to operations teams , transformingjobs from simple tasks to complex work , the focus shifts on performancestandards , rewards and activities to results , Examples of obstacles that arepreventing the re-engineering approach to knowledge. institutions : the existenceof a culture of resistance to change, the lack of clarity of the knowledge    institution's vision , its organizational culture in the process of re-engineering, theuse of non-cadres to lead the process of administrative re-engineering, assigningadministrative re-engineering to retiring individuals , non-discrimination betweenadministrative re-engineering and other change programs, An example of therequirements for : The adequate awareness of the wishes of the beneficiaries ,an analysis of the institution's position and the design of the objectives of change, the belief of the senior management in the importance of change andencouragement of employees and understanding of the process of reengineeringadministrative management .Recommendations of the study : The need to adopt conscious leaders indifferent types of knowledge institutions , providing the necessary budget forapplying administrative reengineering in knowledge institutions , establishing aspecialized unit for reengineering of knowledge institutions , setting a plan for aspecific period of time of different types , especially the leaders in which newskills and knowledge on the reengineering management , monitoring theexperiences and management practices distinct in the field of reengineeringmanagement services facilities to document and benefit from them , increasingdependence needed to support administrative processes of reengineeringmethod of information technology .


In this work, we have been working on the concept of quantum entanglement. At first, we studied the theory of entanglement in its characterization and measurement, introducing a new scheme for detection of entanglement. The new approach links molecular-spin entities involving nuclear spins to quantum computing as more appropriate physical systems of interest. Then, we continued with the realization of entanglement in experiments. NMR has been the first choice due to its well approved advantages for quantum computing. NMR, however, has not been an appropriate system for demonstrating entangled states. Through a mathematical proof, NMR with low spin polarization has been invalidated for true implementations of non-local quantum algorithms, particularly supserdense coding. The point is that high spin polarization is inevitably required to acquire entanglement while in the current NMR it has been a formidable task to get highly polarized nuclear spins. In order to acquire high spin polarization, introducing electron spins can be much effective because of its three-order-of-magnitude larger gyromagnetic ratio compared to nuclear spins. Electron Nuclear DOuble Resonance (ENDOR) is spin manipulation technology that enables us to deal with both electron and nuclear spins. Thus, in this context, it can be more appropriate device for quantum computing. We emphasize that (pseudo)entanglement and interconversion between the entangled states have been realized with ENDOR on extremely stable organic molecular-spin entities. The required experimental conditions to obtain true quantum entanglement are also discussed. The appropriate entanglement witness for the corresponding ensemble quantum computing is introduced and examined.


Following the American Revolution the United States had to prove they deserved to be a player on the European world stage. Images were one method the infant nation used to make this claim and gain recognition from European powers. By examining early American portraits, eighteenth and nineteenth century plays, and American and European propaganda this paper will argue that images were used to show the United States as a world power. This argument will be presented with a particular emphasis on classic motifs and Republican imagery. By evoking the Golden Age of both Rome and Greece the United States was declaring it would be a new republic worthy of regard and a role in an Atlantic World. Customarily this topic is examined through politics, diplomacy, or treaties, this paper takes a more cultural approach.


Under condition of cast chill and microalloying with Ni and Mo elements, as-cast structure of small flake graphites and fine pearlite matrix were gotten. Subsequently, the samples were respectively austenized at 860 ℃、880 ℃、900 ℃、920 ℃ and oil quenched, then some martensite/bainite(M/B) dual-phase with some retained austenite microstructure was obtained. Through analysis of XRD and SEM, two kinds of retained austenite were found, which mainly exist in the gap of M/B acicular structure and at the boundaries of eutectic cells (the latter kind of retained austenite is named for white-bright zone). The bainite nucleation could be observed from the metallurgical structure of Ni-Mo grey cast iron austenized at 860 ℃ subsequent with short oil-quenching for 5~6 s. The results show that the first nucleation site of bainite is the interface between flake graphite and austenite. Tempered at 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ respectively, part of the white-bright zones are transformed into martensite, and the size of white-bright zone is smaller than before , but it is unable to remove the white-bright zones completely.


The analysis of design stages of technological equipment for traditional production is carried out, the features of the formation of technological equipment are studied using flows of energy and consumables. Structural synthesis of mechatronic complexes in digitalized production made it possible to add new stages to the process of creating technological equipment for both traditional automated subtractive manufacturing and new additive manufacturing. The processes of manufacturing parts without shape-generating molding tools, described by the algorithms according to the proposed structural diagram of connections, provide an opportunity to analyze existing and develop new methods of laminate synthesis of products. It is shown, how in the design of technological equipment for their use in new additive and traditional subtractive manufacturing, methods and schemes of laminate synthesis and shaping of parts from composite materials are used, based on the application of various energy flows and material components, as well as methods and schemes of automation and computer product manufacturing process management.


Enthalpy and entropy of solution of non-polar solutes in water diverge strikingly from the normal behavior established for regular solutions. This abnormality has been considered mostly due to the iceberg formation around solute molecules in water. The abnormal solubility and enthalpy and entropy of solution of non-polar solutes in water have been explained coherently by the extension of the regular solution theory, taking into account the iceberg formation of water molecules. Unlike currently accepted views on the hydrophobic bonding, it is concluded that the enthalpy of mixing (interchange) of non-polar solute with water is large, but the enthalpy decrease due to the iceberg formation of water largely cancels the enthalpy increase of mixing (interchange). Thus, the apparent enthalpy of solution is small or negative at low temperature. It is concluded that 1) the small solubility of non-polar solutes in, water is not an entropy effect, and 2) the solubility of non-polar solutes is promoted by the iceberg...


METHODS: A retrospective review of patients with PT who underwent LE FTT between 2011-2022 was performed. Patients were categorized based on AP therapy on the DOS. Outcomes included transfusion requirements, postoperative flap-related complications (thrombosis, hematoma, return to the operating room), rates of flap success, limb salvage and ambulatory status. RESULTS: Of the 279 patients who underwent LE FTT, 65 (23.3%) had PT; of which, 32 (49.2%) received DOS AP therapy ("AP group"). Patients in the AP group were older (58.9 vs. 51.6 years, p=0.014), and had a greater representation of diabetes mellitus (87.5% vs. 57.6%, p=0.007) and calcified vessels (62.5% vs. 12.1%, p&lt0.0001). Average intraoperative and postoperative transfusion volumes were significantly higher in the AP group (p&lt0.05). Flap success rate was 96.9% (n=63). Rates of postoperative thrombosis were similar (9.4% vs. 6.1%, p=0.672), as was hematoma incidence (9.4% vs. 3.0%, p=0.287). At mean follow-up of 21.6 + 21.5 months, limb salvage and ambulatory rates were 75.4% (n=49) and 78.5% (n=51), respectively, and mortality rate was 7.7% (n=5).


We have studied theoretically and experimentally the dynamic behavior of a nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferrometer filled with a Kerr medium. The Fabry-Perot responses ranging from extremely transient to quasi-steady-state in various modes of operation are considered. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with theory. It is shown that the quasi-steady-state operation requires not only a medium response time much smaller than the cavity round-trip time, but also a characteristic time of the input intensity variation several hundred times larger than the cavity round-trip time. Even in the quasi-steady-state limit, optical switching is often featured by overshoot and ringing after switching. The switching speed is limited by the cavity buildup time.


A distance measuring sensor built with relatively simple structure at low cost, a robot equipped with the distance measuring sensor and a method of driving the robot are provided to measure very short distance between a light source and a target surface, and to accurately determine the place at where height is changed. A distance measuring sensor includes a light source(110) apart from a target surface with an angle, a camera unit(120) taking images of the target surface containing a point created by the light source, a point position calculating unit extracting and outputting position information on the point on the image taken by the camera unit, a distance table describing distance corresponding to the position information, and a distance calculation unit calculating and outputting the distance between the light source and the target surface by looking up the distance table corresponding to the position calculated by the point position calculating unit.


Gastroesophageal reflux—the retrograde movement of gastric contents through the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)—is a common, normal phenomenon that may or may not produce symptoms. Causes of this reflux include "an incompetent LES, transient relaxation of the LES and inadequate clearance of acid from the distal esophagus." With increasing frequency, practicing physicians are seeing patients with symptoms of "gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): heartburn, acid regurgitation, noncardiac chest pain, and dysphagia." Proton pump inhibitors and H2 blockers are mainstays of treatment, and additional treatment options include mucoprotective substances, antacids, and changes in lifestyle and eating habits. When medical management has been ineffective, consideration is given to surgery as a means of improving the competency of the LES. The most common operation currently is Nissan fundoplication, done either laproscopically or by an open procedure. A review, "Nissen Fundoplication and GastrointestinalRelated Complications: A Guide for the Primary Care Physician," appears in this issue of the Southern Medical Journal. In the introductory remarks of this well-written article, the authors list "the presurgical factors that are associated with a successful outcome of a Nissen fundoplication done for GERD: typical symptoms of GERD, good response to medical therapy, abnormal 24 hour pH monitoring, and the absence of complicated disease." They go on to describe the problems that can arise after an unsuccessful procedure. These include "persistent recurrent gastrointestinal reflux, dysphagia, gas-bloat syndrome and diarrhea/flatulence." The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of each of these conditions are described. This provides valuable information for the primary care physician faced with a patient with an unfortunate surgical result. One of the presurgical factors not mentioned in the review is the absence or presence of obesity. In an attempt to better understand the pathophysiology of GERD in morbidly obese patients, Herbella et al compared GERD patients with a body mass index (BMI) 35 with those with a BMI 35 with respect to lower esophageal sphincter profile, esophageal body function and esophageal acid exposure. Their data showed that: "(a) BMI was independently associated to the severity of GERD; and (b) in most morbidly obese patients with GERD, reflux occurred despite normal or hypertensive esophageal motility." They concluded that the pathophysiology of GERD in morbidly obese patients might differ from that of nonobese patients, suggesting the need for a different therapeutic approach. In a somewhat similar study, Ayazi et al quantified the association between BMI, esophageal acid exposure, and LES status in a group of 1,659 patients referred for assessment of GERD symptoms. Comparing data from 24-hour pH monitoring off medication and esophageal manometry, they concluded that "an increase in body mass index was associated with an increase in esophageal acid exposure." In a further attempt to understand the relationship between GERD and obesity, a group from The Chinese University evaluated the function of the lower esophageal sphincter in morbidly obese patients without GERD. They found "an increase in transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and in acid reflux during the postprandial period" in their patients and concluded that these may be early events in the pathogenesis of obesity-related GERD. Given from these studies that obesity is a significant etiologic factor in the development of GERD, attention can be turned to its affect on the outcome of antireflux procedures. Perez et al studied a group of 224 patients who had undergone antireflux operations for GERD. The majority had laproscopic Nissen fundoplications, but 37 had Belsey IV transthoracic procedures. These latter operations were done in obese patients because of the perceived better surgical exposure. The authors' conclusion was:


Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a differentiated type of thyroid cancer and the most common type of carcinoma of this gland in the Polish population. PTC originates from the thyroid follicular epithelial cell and its molecular pathogenesis is still poorly understood. The aim of the study was to estimate the expression of mRNA, specific for the c-Met oncogene, in the tissue of human PTC, and to evaluate the possible correlation between the level of c-Met oncogene expression and such parameters as: patient's age and gender, histopathological variants of the tumour and the assignment of patients to particular stages in the clinical staging system. Material and methods: The level of RNA expression which was measured in macroscopically unchanged thyroid tissue served as controls. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and densitometry analysis were employed for mRNA expression measurements, with the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (GAPDH) as a control housekeeping gene. Results: Oncogene c-Met mRNA expression was evaluated for 18 cases of PTC (PTC follicular type – 8 cases, PTC classic type – 10 cases) and for the corresponding, macroscopically unchanged thyroid tissue. The mean expression of c-Met mRNA was significantly higher in PTC (three-fold), when compared to that found in macroscopically unchanged thyroid tissue. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the possibility that the c-Met oncogene plays a crucial role in the carcinogenic process in the human thyroid.


On the fourth day of STS-112, its crew (Jeffrey Ashby, Commander; Pamela Melroy, Pilot; David Wolf, Mission Specialist; Piers Sellers, Mission Specialist; Sandra Magnus, Mission Specialist; Fyodor Yurchikhin, Mission Specialist) onboard Atlantis and the Expedition 5 crew (Valery Korzun, Commander; Peggy Whitson, Flight Engineer; Sergei Treschev, Flight Engineer) onboard the International Space Station (ISS) are seen preparing for the installation of the S1 truss structure. Inside the Destiny Laboratory Module, Korzun and other crewmembers are seen as they busily prepare for the work of the day. Sellers dons an oxygen mask and uses an exercise machine in order to purge the nitrogen from his bloodstream, in preparation for an extravehicular activity (EVA). Whitson uses the ISS's Canadarm 2 robotic arm to grapple the S1 truss and remove it from Atlantis' payload bay, with the assistance of Magnus. Using the robotic arm, Whitson slowly maneuvers the 15 ton truss structure into alignment with its attachment point on the starboard side of the S0 truss structure, where the carefully orchestrated mating procedures take place. There is video footage of the entire truss being rotated and positioned by the arm, and ammonia tank assembly on the structure is visible, with Earth in the background. Following the completion of the second stage capture, the robotic arm is ungrappled from truss. Sellers and Wolf are shown exiting the the Quest airlock hatch to begin their EVA. They are shown performing a variety of tasks on the now attached S1 truss structure, including work on the Crew Equipment Translation Cart (CETA), the S-band Antenna Assembly, and umbilical cables that provide power and remote operation capability to cameras. During their EVA, they are shown using a foot platform on the robotic arm. Significant portions of their activities are shown from the vantage of helmet mounted video cameras. The video closes with a final shot of the ISS and its new S1 truss.


Drought is responsible for major losses in rice production. Root tips contain meristematic and elongation zones that play major roles in determination of root traits and adaptive strategies to drought. In this study we analysed two contrasting genotypes of rice: IR64, a lowland, drought‐susceptible, and shallow‐rooting genotype; and Azucena, an upland, drought‐tolerant, and deep‐rooting genotype. Samples were collected of root tips of plants grown under control and water deficit stress conditions. Quantitative proteomics analysis resulted in the identification of 7294 proteins from the root tips of IR64 and 6307 proteins from Azucena. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD033343. Using a Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis on 4170 differentially abundant proteins, 1138 statistically significant proteins across genotypes and conditions were detected. Twenty two enriched biological processes showing contrasting patterns between two genotypes in response to stress were detected through gene ontology enrichment analysis. This included identification of novel proteins involved in root elongation with specific expression patterns in Azucena, including four Expansins and seven Class III Peroxidases. We also detected an antioxidant network and a metallo‐sulfur cluster assembly machinery in Azucena, with roles in reactive oxygen species and iron homeostasis, and positive effects on root cell cycle, growth and elongation.


In 1904, the John A. Roebling's Sons Company began construction ofthe Kinkora Works, a state of the art steel making, rod rolling, and wire drawing facility. During their ownership (1904-1953), the Roeblings implemented many of the significant developments in wire making at Kinkora while producing the wire used in some of America's most noted engineering achievements, including several prominent cable suspension bridges. The persistence ofprivate, family ownership and craft production at the Roebling Company reveals another side ofAmerican industry during an era and industry dominated by corporate conglomerations. This thesis argues that Kinkora represented a response to the growth of oligopoly in the steel industry through its construction as a "two sphere production system": a system that implemented strategies ofboth mass and niche market production. Special attention is paid to how .manufacturing technologies and products affected the relationships between management, labor, and engineering at the Kinkora Works, relationships that have significance for understanding the variety of forms industrial development in America took in the twentieth century.


Background and Objectives  High levels of residual haemoglobin (Hb 0·1 g/l) are known to decrease the efficiency of pathogen‐inactivation systems. We evaluated three separate methods to quantify Hb in platelet concentrates (PC).


Adapter (14) allowing the handheld spray device (10) is directly connected to the paint can change the size (12,12A, 12B, 12C). Adapter (14) comprising: a cage (60), a cage for holding the paint cans (12,12A, 12B, 12C); a cap (62), the cage of the cap (60) is connected to a hand-held spray device (10 ); and washers (64), the upper opening of the washer tank coating (12,12A, 12B, 12C) to seal the cap (62). Adapter (14) may further comprise a straw extension portion (66), the straw extending portion can be connected between the spray device (10) of the pump inlet (52) and suction tube (54).


Abstract: Cutaneous, noninfectious, granulomatous lesions have been reported occasionally In different types of Immunodeficiencies, Including common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). We present a child with CVID and cutaneous granulomas with a strikingly prominent caseating necrosis. We think that such granulomatous lesions constitute a distinctive manifestation of Immunodeficiency, and may reflect an altered immune response. Corticosteroids have been of benefit to our patient, as well as in similar cases.


Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the genitourinary tract with approximately 350 000 new cases worldwide [1]. It is an aggressive epithelial tumor with a high rate of early systemic dissemination. One third of patients develop locally invasive or metastatic disease. In patients with locally advanced bladder cancer (infiltrating the musculature) 5-year survival is dependent upon pathologic stage, grade and nodal status. With increasing tumor (T) stage, especially when cancer extends outside of the bladder wall, prognosis worsens. Failure is usually due to occult metastatic disease present at the time of initial diagnosis. Cystectomy is the gold standard of treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer in most countries, although definitive radiotherapy (RT) is another suitable alternative. Five-year survival after cystectomy is at best 50%. In large series from the University of Padua, Memorial Sloan Cancer Center and the University of Southern California survival varies between 36% and 48% [2–5]. High-risk patients with pathologic stage pT3–pT4 and/or pN+ M0 bladder cancer have inferior 5-year survival between 25–35%.


For increasing demands on safety and reliability of dynamic systems, fault diagnosis has received more and more research interests in recent years. Unlike mature approaches in linear fault diagnosis, nonlinear approaches have limitations. In order to share mature linear approaches on nonlinear fault diagnosis, nonlinear system can be linearized piecewise. Linear diagnosis can be designed on respective working points. Optimization is applied to balance performance and density of working points. A compound approach with a set of improved robust observers on fault diagnosis on nonlinear system, with a dynamic neural network deciding parameters, is illustrated with an instance of 3-tank model. Advantages of this compound scheme such as global adaptability on working points, robust to disturbance on model, are tested to be effective.


One of the main economic indicators produced by United Kingdom's Of®ce for National Statistics (ONS) is the Index of Production (IoP). The IoP is a monthly index of the total volume of industrial output (or production). It covers the Mining, Manufacturing and Agricultural sectors of the economy and is currently based to 1990 prices. It is one of the main indicators of economic growth within the UK. It is reported monthly, and it receives much attention from both within and outside government. The IoP is obtained by combining several different sources of data. By far the most signi®cant source is ONS surveys. These include the Monthly Production Inquiry (MPI), Producer Price Index (PPI), and the Quarterly Stocks Inquiry (QSI). Other data used in its construction include the Export Price De ̄ator (EPD), which is currently derived from a combination of data collected by ONS and by Customs and Excise, and additional data on the oil, gas, electricity and mining industries from the Department of Trade and Industry, and on food production from the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. The purpose of this article is to describe formulas for estimating the sampling variance of the IoP, and to present an alternative estimator based on the parametric bootstrap simulation method (Efron and Tibshirani 1993). The variance estimator is obtained by One of the main economic indicators produced by United Kingdom's Of®ce for National Statistics is the Index of Production. It is a monthly index of the total volume of industrial output obtained by combining estimates from a number of survey sources. The purpose of this article is to construct an estimator of the sampling variance of the Index of Production. This variance estimator is obtained by linear approximation methods. The parametric bootstrap is employed to assess the adequacy of approximation made when deriving the variance estimator. Some of the advantages of using the parametric bootstrap to estimate the variance are brie ̄y described. Both estimators have the advantage that they do not require revision whenever the methodology of any of the surveys is changed.


In"Xieke Pian",a chapter of Ling Shu(灵枢·邪客篇),it is stated that the presenceof all pathogenic factors in the Heart is in thewrapping.The wrapping of the heart(peri-cardium)is the channel of the heart.The Peri-cardium Channle of Hand-Jueyin is the funda-


Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (PC-TP, a.k.a. StARD2) binds phosphatidylcholines and catalyzes their intermembrane transfer and exchange in vitro . The structure of PC-TP comprises a hydrophobic pocket and a well-defined head-group binding site, and its gene expression is regulated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α . Recent studies have revealed key regulatory roles for PC-TP in lipid and glucose metabolism. Notably, Pctp − / − mice are sensitized to insulin action and exhibit more efficient brown fat-mediated thermogenesis. PC-TP appears to limit access of fatty acids to mitochondria by stimulating the activity of thioesterase superfamily member 2, a newly characterized long-chain fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase. Because PC-TP discriminates among phosphatidylcholines within lipid bilayers, it may function as a sensor that links metabolic regulation to membrane composition.


In order to help teachers to bring their students into contact with the frontiers of chemistry, a special program for enhancing chemistry teachers' content knowledge as well as their pedagogical knowledge was launched at the Weizmann Institute of Science. The program, which was specifically designed for the chemistry teachers, consists of three stages, in which the teachers attended (1) the course lectures, together with the regular M.Sc. students, (2) a 'Follow-up' tutoring lesson, which was prepared especially for them by one of the staff scientists and was aimed at elaborating on the course lecture, and (3) a workshop coordinated by a researcher from the science teaching group, in order to apply the scientific knowledge to the educational field. The model reduced the teachers' anxieties resulting from taking academic scientific courses; they gained modern and advanced scientific content knowledge, and succeeded in applying it in their teaching.


As a advanced drilling technology,the technical advantage of solid expandable tubular techonlogy is gradually understood in these fields of casing repairing,well cementation,well completion and so on.The research and development of the materials for solid expandable tubular are one of the three key techniques and are the main technical bottleneck for application as well.The technology principle of solid expandable tubular was introduced,the present situation in research on materials of solid expandable tubular was summarized and the mechanical properties of materials which are ideal for solid expandable tubular were analyzed.And then the mechanical properties,design principles and heat treatment processes of the existing three kinds of high plasticity and high strengthen steels including dual phase steel,TRIP-assisted steel and high-Mn austenitic TWIP/TRIP steel were introduced,and the feasibility of these steels used as solid expandable tubular were discussed.


In this paper, the method for determining chromium in shellfish is studied using Microwave Digestion and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry(GF-AAS) with Zeeman correction. The results of analysis demonstrate that by Microwave Digestion, the samples are digested evenly and completely. When chromium working curve is linear within the range of 0.00~15.00μg·L-1, it is found that chromium concentration can be described by a smooth curve with the correlation coefficient r=1.0000. Based on this working curve, the results of Sinonovacula constricta can be determined. Comparing Tegillarca granosa with Mussel in their recovery rates, it is found that the latter can reach as high as 82%~95%. Moreover, the accuracy and precision of this method are also tested with the national standard substance(Laminaria japonica Aresch and Mussel). It shows that the errors of the results fall within the permissible range. The relative standard deviations were 2.93% and 2.54%. To conclude, with high sensibility, high quality and simple procedure, the Microwave Digestion and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry(GF-AAS) equipped with Zeeman correction, is suitable for determination of chromium in shellfish samples.


Seven formulations of dry-fermented sausages (DFS) were elaborated using different proportions of lean meat, pork backfat, oleic sunflower oil, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and flavouring. Instrumental and sensory characteristics of each formulation were evaluated through instrumental and sensory analyses. Results showed that instrumental texture and colour parameters were not affected by partial substitution of sodium chloride with potassium chloride. But, they were significantly affected by fat level, oleic sunflower oil and by flavouring. Furthermore, it was found that healthier DFS formulation with good acceptability can be manufactured by replacing 30% of sodium chloride with potassium chloride and adding flavouring (garlic and pepper) and 3% of sunflower oil.


In this paper a novel realistic vehicular mobility model is introduced. It captures the moving-ingroups, conscious travelling, and introduces the concept of smart travelling while following drivers' social behavior extracted from inquiries and experimental traffic measurements. Under the model, a routing algorithm is considered. The routing algorithm minimizes the distance to a target on a step by step form, in every street crossing. This is done under a hierarchic street level structure that optimizes travel speed and quality. The mobility model was simulated for Lisbon case study and directional statistical results were compared with experimental measurements from Lisbon Municipality control center. The output shows a good correlation between simulated and experimental values.


A B S T R A C T The filed of Emotional Intelligence is attracting attention of researchers, journalists, academicians, and corporate trainers across the world. Emotional intelligence is quintessentially inseparable a component for success in career. Though considerable amount of research is done in the field of Emotional Intelligence all over the world, there is a paucity of research in this field in India owing to the fact that this field of study is still in the nascent stage in India. This article draws inputs from various scientific studies conducted in the field of emotional intelligence and its implication on career success of employees from Indian perspective. A conceptual model is proposed for measuring predictive ability of Emotional Intelligence for career success using simple regression.


Wood polymer composite (WPC) was prepared using solution-blended high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), wood flour (WF) and polyethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate (PE-co-GMA). The effect of nanoclay, SiO2 and ZnO addition on the properties of the composite was examined. The distribution of silicate layers, SiO2 and ZnO nanopowder was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The improvement in miscibility among polymers was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) studies reveal the interaction between polymer, wood, clay, SiO2 and ZnO. WPC treated with 3 phr each of clay, SiO2 and ZnO showed an improvement in mechanical properties, thermal stability and a decrease in water uptake capacity.


Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are frequently observed. In both pediatric and orthodontic dental practices. DDE consist mainly of hypoplasia, diffuse and demarcated opacities.1 Often, a combination of enamel defects may be recognized in the same child (Fig. 1). Weerheijm et al. defined the term Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) to describe a more specific pattern of DDE: hypomineralization of systemic origin of one to four permanent first molars frequently associated with affected incisors (Fig. 2).2 Clinically, MIH can be seen as an abnormality in the translucency of the enamel. Some lesions have significant subsurface porosity, leading to posteruptive breakdown of the surface.


This is a quick-look report of the results of the drop dynamics experiments that were conducted in the Drop Physics Module aboard the United States Microgravity Laboratory (USML-1) Space Shuttle mission (STS 50) from June 25 to July 9, 1992. Two types of drop dynamics experiments namely: rotations of spherical drops and oscillations of simple and compound drops were studied. Preliminary results indicate that for the rotating liquid drop experiments, the experimental data agrees well with the theoretical (numerical) predictions in the axisymmetric and the two-lobed regions. The dynamics of the bifurcation point was studied, and it was found that the shift in the bifurcation point, due to drop deformation and due to spin-up and spin-down, coroborates the previous experimental data.


We present a tool for the comparison and validation of the integration packages suitable for Solar System dynamics. iCompare, written in Python, compares the ephemeris prediction accuracy of a suite of commonly-used integration packages (JPL/HORIZONS, OpenOrb, OrbFit at present). It integrates a set of test particles with orbits picked to explore both usual and unusual regions in Solar System phase space and compares the computed to reference ephemerides. The results are visualized in an intuitive dashboard. This allows for the assessment of integrator suitability as a function of population, as well as monitoring their performance from version to version (a capability needed for the Rubin Observatory's software pipeline construction efforts). We provide the code on GitHub with a readily runnable version in Binder (https://github.com/dirac-institute/iCompare).


Analysis of the 1992 American National Election Study (ANES) data indicates that the House bank scandal reduced the vote for House incumbents by approximately five percentage points. The scandal mainly affected the small subset of voters who were most offended by bank overdrafts and who did not assume that their representative had a clean record. Fortunately for members who had written bad checks, voters who knew about the transgression were least disposed to be outraged by it, while the voters most disposed to outrage were also most inclined to believe the guilty were innocent. The explanation for these curious patterns is that voters who faced the option of condemning an incumbent they otherwise appreciated or dismissing the offense as inconsequential often chose the latter course. The damage was also moderated by partisanship; voters of the incumbent's party showed a strong tendency to err in the incumbent's favor in assessing involvement in the scandal. The classical theory of cognitive dissonance readily explains both phenomena.


It was established that in blood of patients with ischemic heart disease due to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries (the diagnosis was verified in selective coronaroangiography) the content of acylhydroperoxides grows while the activity of glutathione-peroxidase II decreases. In blood of patients with no damage to the coronary vessels (according to the results of angiography), glutathione-peroxidase II activity does not differ significantly from the values in the control group. The decrease of glutathione-peroxidase II activity was most marked in patients with ischemic heart disease and hypercholesterolemia. It is suggested that the increase in the peroxide content in blood of patients with ischemic heart disease may be due to the sharp decrease in the activity of glutathione-peroxidase II.


Summary form only given. Optical parametric oscillators (OPO) have become one the leading methods of providing a frequency agile source. The most common means to change the wavelength of the output is to physically rotate the crystals. Tuning of the OPO was accomplished here by manipulating the index ellipsoids of the pump, signal and idler through the electro-optic or Pockels effect. This manipulation causes a change in the index of refraction of the pump, signal and idler. In order to maintain the phase matching condition, the wavelength of the signal and idler shift were tuned. Electro-optic tuning was demonstrated using a singly resonant ring cavity configuration with two lithium niobate (LiNbO/sub 3/) crystals.


Contrary to the usual interpretations, we experimentally show that the frequency-independent (dc conductivity) and frequency-dependent (polarization conductivity) conductivities of ionic glassy conductors can be considered to be independent of each other. Indeed, after having inserted two ionic glasses (Na 2 O.3SiO2,Ag 2 S.GeS 2 ) between inert dielectrics, we observe that though the dc conductivity disappears, the polarization-conductivity behavior, i.e., the frequency power law, remains unchanged


ABSTRACT It is now a decade since National Preventive Mechanisms (NPMs) were established as part of a novel two-tier monitoring system of detention established under the Optional Protocol to the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (OPCAT). The politics and processes of designation of the NPMs in New Zealand have impacted on their effective functioning. This analysis of the challenges of implementation has identified gaps in the mandates, independence, resourcing and accountability of the NPMs. The article advocates for more robust parliamentary scrutiny of the mechanisms, and asks whether a single new dedicated NPM might better resolve the current barriers to the full implementation of OPCAT. It suggests that there are several lessons of general application from the New Zealand experience for the Asia Pacific region, particularly now that Australia has announced it will ratify OPCAT by the end of 2017.


Abstract : Following the Sedan tests of July 6,1962, in Nevada, the applicability of mathematical models to food-chain transfers of iodine-131 in natural environments was examined. The amounts of radioiodine measured in the thyroids of jack rabbits collected at 5-day intervals between July 5 and August 5 were compared to levels predicted by models on the basis of estimated levels of radioiodine on vegetation as of July 6. Four areas, from 20 to 110 miles from ground zero, were studied between 5 and 30 days after the test. The basic model was deterministic, but a probabilistic model predicated on the same assumptions was also developed and tested.


Directly-modulated lasers with surface gratings have been fabricated, exploiting high-frequency photon-photon resonances to extend the modulation bandwidth beyond the limit set by the carrier-photon resonance. Photon-photon-resonances from tens of GHz to 2-3 THz can be exploited if a flat modulation response between the carrier-photon and photon-photon resonances is not required.


Abstract Let R be a commutative ring with and S be a multiplicatively closed subset of R. We call an ideal I of R disjoint with S quasi-S-primary if there exists an such that whenever and then or . We investigate many properties and characterizations of quasi-S-primary ideals. We discuss the form of quasi-S-primary ideals in polynomial, power series, the Serre's conjecture and the Nagata rings. Futhermore, we study quasi-S-primary ideals in amalgamated algebras. Our results allow us to construct original examples of quasi-S-primary ideals.


Let (K;v) be a henselian valued fleld of arbitrary rank which is not separably closed. Let k be a subfleld of K of flnite codimension and vk be the valuation obtained by restricting v to k. In this paper, we give some necessary and su-cient conditions for (k;vk) to be henselian. In particular, it is shown that if k is dense in its henselization, then (k;vk) is henselian. We deduce some well known results proved in this direction through other considerations.


This paper presents the results of the first study to evaluate the effects of the tack coat and micro-surfacing mix properties on the interlayer bond strength between the micro-surfacing layer(s) and existing pavement surface. Several factors were investigated, which included the type of tack coat material, tack coat application rate, and the residual binder content of the micro-surfacing mix. To this end, a total of 14 field micro-surfacing test sections were installed on Ohio State Route 03 in Wayne County, Ohio. While the first seven sections were constructed with a single micro-surfacing layer, the other seven sections had double micro-surfacing layers. Five tack coat application rates and two residual binder contents were evaluated. The testing plan involved obtaining core samples from the constructed sections 1 week, 4 months, and 12 months after construction. The obtained field cores were tested in the laboratory using two types of pull-off tests and a torque bond strength test. The results of bond strength tests on obtained field cores and the statistical analysis performed on these results indicated that sections with no tack coat had significantly lower bond strength than those with tack coat with at least 0.05 gallons per square yard (gsy) total application (0.0083 gsy residual application rate). Furthermore, results indicated that the use of 0.75% lower residual asphalt binder content in micro-surfacing mixes resulted in significantly lower bond strength between the micro-surfacing and existing pavement. The tack coat material properties had some effect on the interlayer bond strength; however, this effect was statistically insignificant.


Diffusion plays a vital role in the "Vapex" process. In the present work the results of experiments on "Vapex" using a Hele-Shaw cell have been used to obtain empirical correlations for the diffusivities of propane and butane in Peace River bitumen. Additional data required for the estimation of diffusivities from these experiments are the solubilities of solvent in bitumen and a correlation for the viscosity of solvent bitumen mixture. Diffusivities are assumed to decline exponentially with viscosity. Computed values of diffusion coefficients fall within the range of the published data for similar systems. This simple experiment can be used to estimate the diffusivities of gaseous solvents in highly viscous fluids.

La diffusion joue un rǒle primordial dans le procede Vapex. Dans le present travail, on a utilise les resultats d'experiences menees avec ce procede dans une cellule de Hele-Shaw pour obtenir des correlations empiriques des diffusivites du propane et du butane dans des bitumes de Peace River. Les autres donnees necessaires a l'estimation de ces diffusivites sont les solubilites du solvant dans le bitume et une correlation pour la viscosite du melange de bitume et de solvant. On suppose que les diffusivites diminuent de maniere exponentielle avec la viscosite. Les valeurs des coefficients de diffusion calculees par ordinateur sont dans la gamme des donnees publiees pour des systemes similaires. Cette experience simple peut servir a l'estimation des diffusivites de solvants gazeux dans des fluides hautement visqueux.


A numerical coding method based on Pinyin and Strokes for inputting Chinese characters is presented,which improves the numeric coding method based on Strokes presented before. This coding method encodes Chinese characters with Basic unit-Stroke and the first Pinyin,and sometimes with a few high-frequency components. This method makes the response speed higher,the coincident-code rate lower. So it is a high efficiency inputting method which is easy to learn,remember and to apply. The encoding rules for words of this input method are discussed at the beginning; In addition,pressed key distribution and coincident-code rate are deeply discussed statistically. Then deeply analyze and proof the advantage of low coincident code rate of this encoding method. After that,introduce the encoding rules for phrases and the Error-Resilient Encoding Then briefly introduce the implements of this inputting method on several current platforms. Finally summarize and expound some merits of this encoding method,such as innovative human-computer interface,etc.


Growing computational power of mobile devices modifies existing approachesto data processing in large-scale sensor networks. Since sensors are no lon-ger limited to simple data acquisition tasks, such networks can be consideredcomplex geo-distributed data processing systems. Features and requirements ofsuch systems justify use of Erlang language and technology for programmingmobile devices. The technology provides several crucial features, including fault-tolerance, message-passing concurrency or hot-code loading. In this paper theproblem of software management in Erlang-based distributed systems is di-scussed. A mechanism for installing and upgrading Erlang applications usingoperating system package manager is described. A platform for updating so-ftware in large scale systems is presented.


Haley Reinhart singing "House of the Rising Sun" by The Animals and "Bennie and the Jets" by Elton John and Bernie Taupin at The American Idol Live! Tour 2011 August 13, 2011 at The Boardwalk Hall, Atlantic City, NJ


In combination with scientific efficiency outlook, the efficiency problems of state-owned enterprises were analyzed in aspects of overall economic efficiency, efficiency index, growth rate, innovation rate, feedback rate to the society, etc. through using relevant knowledge in economics based on analysis target of state-owned enterprises and relevant data. In terms of analysis of efficiency problems for state-owned enterprises, indexes that are different from what's in previous researches were used. Therefore, state-owned enterprises are efficient and have a high overall efficiency in comparison with private enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises with social development. Meanwhile, relevant requirements were proposed aiming at state-owned enterprises.


Abstract: Based on the center-particles hydration dynamic model proposed by Park, a micro-structural hydration model of Portland cement that was built considering the decrease of the hydration rate due to the reduction of free water and the reduction of the interfacial area of contact between the free water and the hydration products. It can be used to predict the variation relationship of the hydration rate increases with the change of hydration degree. The results showed that: the revised model can simulate the variation curve of the cement hydration speed with hydration degree in this paper and the model results agree well with the experimental results.


One of the main goals of the Arabic world since decades has been to search, bring and deliver new sources and forms of art in the field of interior design and architecture that could satisfy the recent increasing human demands. Today people strive to showcase their tradition and cultural heritage in the modern world. People of Arabic Peninsula are all about representing the beauty of their Islamic culture in unique contemporary ways that would astonish the world. Arabic calligraphy is one of such sources. The distinctive geometric shapes and forms of different character types and styles like Kufi, Naskh, Diwani, Thuluth etc., gives designers the opportunity to design and develop exquisite pieces of art in both interior design and architectural field. The design elements of modern interior design act as a guiding principle infusing this art form in design. Modern Arab interior and architectural designs are incredibly unique yet sophisticated and luxurious. The usage of calligraphy in design can prove to be a substantial method of portraying history and culture expressed through the character of letters to be used in furniture, columns, ceiling, architectural buildings etc. This paper shows how Arabic calligraphy is not limited to just traditional decorative purposes but can have much wider application at both macro and micro level in modern world of design. It is a great source of inspiration for designers attempting to integrate the art of calligraphy in design of modern furniture as well as architectural structures. The paper demonstrates how designers like Zaha Hadid, and many others borrowed this traditional art form, infused it with modern touch and took it to new heights of contemporary design through their modernized lenses and vision. The ravishing amalgam of calligraphy and design can give birth to some magnificent and timeless masterpieces in future.


The effect of grain size on coercivity in Bi-substituted polycrystalline garnet films is investigated. The coercive force is found to decrease with decreasing grain size in samples having single-domain-size grains. The decrease is especially dramatic for chemically deposited films. This effect is fairly well explained by thermal fluctuations of magnetization inside the grain. The results obtained make it possible to determine the optimal characteristics of such films for use in magnetooptic memory. >


The research was reviewed in this paper on controlling the products distribution of gasoline,diesel oil,propylene and coke by changing acidity of the FCC catalysts or adding additives to the feedstocks.Since the low agility and high cost of the commercial FCC catalysts were limited on controlling the acidity,developing additives of anti-nitrogen poisoning with good properties and low cost may be an effective approach.


Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Early detection and treatment means that over 70 per cent survive for more than 10 years, with approximately 60 per cent of women predicted to be alive 20 years following their initial diagnosis1. There is an increasing focus on the issues of 'survivorship' and the impact of surgical and other treatments on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Although the growing practice of oncoplastic breast surgery has increased the use of breast conservation therapy for stage I and II disease, about a third of the 44 000 women diagnosed annually with breast cancer in the UK have mastectomy recommended or choose it as their preferred option1,2. In assessing clinical effectiveness, evidence of the importance of considering not only patient morbidity and mortality, but also patient perceptions of the results of surgery is increasing3. The growth of research into patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is based on the main goal of breast reconstruction to satisfy the patient with respect to psychosocial sequelae, physical function and perception of the aesthetic result3. PROMs are questionnaires that quantify HRQoL and/or other significant outcome variables, such as patient satisfaction3. The US Food and Drug Administration has defined PROMs as a 'measurement of any aspect of a patient's health status that comes directly from the patient'3. PROMs should assess the impact of disease, treatment and surgical intervention on various aspects of outcome. They should be clinically meaningful, scientifically sound and practical3,4. PROMs may differ significantly from those recorded by a clinical evaluator, and are important complementary assessments of clinical effectiveness. HRQoL measurement covers the impact of breast cancer and its treatment on some aspect of physical or psychological well-being or function, for example physical, role, cognitive or social5. There is a an underlying belief that mastectomy has important consequences on a patient's quality of life, including psychosocial, physical, aesthetic, body image and sexual effects6. The evidence for this, however, remains equivocal, based on a systematic review of HRQoL outcomes in all types of immediate and delayed breast reconstructions from 1978 to 20097. Thirty-four studies were included and evaluated according to the Efficace criteria, which define a minimum standard checklist for quality of methodological reporting of HRQoL8. The quality of the evidence was still generally poor with only 13 level I (n = 2) and level II (n = 11) studies. Although some used breast cancerspecific instruments that have been validated in line with internationally accepted criteria for assessing HRQoL, including the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Breast Cancer (FACT-B), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer breast cancer module (EORTC QLQ-BR23) and the Body Image Scale, none has been specifically validated inwomen undergoing breast reconstruction7. They may prove valid and reliable, but have not been designed specifically to reflect changes resulting from breast reconstruction4. A systematic review to identify PROMs developed and validated for use in cosmetic and reconstructive breast surgery revealed that only seven of 227 PROMsmeasuring satisfaction and/or breast-related quality of life had undergone development and validation in a cosmetic or reconstructive breast surgery population4. Of these, only two were applicable to breast reconstruction, both related to the Michigan Breast ReconstructionOutcomes Study (MBROS). One examined patient satisfaction (MBROS-S) and the other body image (MBROSI)4. Neither questionnaire, however, was developed in keeping with current internationally accepted criteria, nor did they specifically address key issues relating to either the donor site, nipple reconstruction or the reconstructed breast. As they were developed exclusively in the context of expander/implant or transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap reconstruction, neither has been validated across the spectrum of breast reconstructive procedures such as preservation of the skin envelope and/or nipple-sparing mastectomy with a variety of immediate breast reconstructionmethods, and delayed methods that relate to the use of implantonly, implant-assisted tissue flaps or


We investigated the depth dependence of current-induced magnetic fields in a bilayer of a normal metal (Au) and a ferrimagnetic insulator (Yttrium Iron Garnet-YIG) by using low energy muon spin spectroscopy (LE- lSR). This allows us to explore how these fields vary from the Au surface down to the buried Au vertical bar YIG interface, which is relevant to study physics like the spin-Hall effect. We observed a maximum shift of 0.4 G in the internal field of muons at the surface of Au film which is in close agreement with the value expected for Oersted fields. As muons are implanted closer to the AujYIG interface, the shift is strongly suppressed, which we attribute to the dipolar fields present at the AujYIG interface. Combining our measurements with modeling, we show that dipolar fields caused by the finite roughness of the AujYIG interface consistently explain our observations. Our results, therefore, gauge the limits on the spatial resolution and the sensitivity of LE- mu SR to the roughness of the buried magnetic interfaces, a prerequisite for future studies addressing current induced fields caused by the spin-accumulations due to the spin-Hall effect. Published by AIP Publishing.


Most current work in NLP utilizes deep learning, which requires a lot of training data and computational power. This paper investigates the strengths of Genetic Algorithms (GAs) for extractive summarization, as we hypothesized that GAs could construct more efficient solutions for the summarization task due to their relative customizability relative to deep learning models. This is done by building a vocabulary set, the words of which are represented as an array of weights, and optimizing those set of weights with the GA. These weights can be used to build an overall weighting of a sentence, which can then be passed to some threshold for extraction. Our results showed that the GA was able to learn a weight representation that could filter out excessive vocabulary and thus dictate sentence importance based on common English words.


In this paper, we present a novel method of electromagnetic field focusing applicable to 3D implantable devices. Focusing is achieved using two lines that guide the incident wave deeper into the body and concentrate it around their respective tips. The small gap between the tips of the lines provides constructive coupling and augments the focused field. Compared to the case where no lines are used, the focused power is 8 times and 16 times larger if one line and two lines are utilized, respectively. The proposed design can be modified to focus fields with arbitrary polarizations at different depths inside the body. We propose a method to create this focusing structure by extrusion inside the body using heat-activated polymer-based conductors.


Objective To investigate the influence of clonorchis sinensis/clonorchiasis epidemic caused by ecological environment changes in Weishan lake area after the South-to-North water diversion project of China.Methods Epidemiological survey was performed on the natural environment.(Changes of water area and the infection of clonorchis sinensis/clonorchiasis buski in aquatic in weishan country)heath situation of the residents were investigated and the fresh stools from residents of lake areas were examined by improved kato-kato methods.Results The expansion of water area and control of water contamination after the South-to-North water diversion project were suitable for the propagation and spreading of the middle host of aquatic.The infective rate of Pseudorasbora parva infected by etacercarias of Clonor chis sinensis was 3.14%.The infective rate of the cats infected by adult of Clonorchis sinensis was 38.46%.But Clonorchis sinensis the sporocyst,redia and cercaria were not found in the freshwater Parafossarulus striatulus and Alocinma longicornis.Knowledge of Clonorchis sinensis/Clonorchiasis prevention and cure were short in the residents and the infection rate of fasciolopsis buski was 0.06%.Conclusion Changes of the ecological environment in weishan lake area and the unhealthy life style of the presidents may lead to the epidernic and spreading of Clonorchis sinensis/Clonorchiasis,but widely propagation of Clonorchis sinensis/Clonorchiasis prevention and cure knowledge and some methods can prevent the epidemic of Clonorchis sinensis/Clonorchiasis in the lake area.


Recently a phonon exchange d wave pairing mechanism in cuprates was proposed. The phonons are the lateral apical oxygen atoms vibrations. They generate the attractive pairing potential peaked at Γ point of the Brillouin zone, V (k) ∝ exp [−2kda], where da is distance from the CuO planes. The model explains a rather paradoxical well known negative correlation of the optimal doping critical temperature T c with da and increase of T max c with pressure. However the large disparities in T c , especially in one layer cuprate superconductors, from 39K for La2−xSrxCuO4, to 95K for HgBa2CuO4+δ, cannot be attributed by differencies in da. Other important material parameters include the hopping amplitudes t, t′ and the on site Coulomb repulsion U . It is shown (within weak coupling).that T c is highest for materials close to the topological (Lifshitz) transition from an open to a close Fermi surface. The transition occurss for t′ = −0.19t and rather small values of effective value of U = 2t at optimal doping. Analytic expressions for T c are derived both near criticality and away from it.


Objective: To correlate the presence of anemia with mortality in hospitalized patients with decompensated HF (heart failure). Methods: A total of 148 patients hospitalized for HF compensation were analyzed from April 1 to December 31, 2017 in a tertiary referral hospital for cardiovascular diseases. The diagnosis of anemia was established according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health criteria, considering a serum hemoglobin value of < 13 g/dL for men and < 12 g/dL for women. Data were collected through medical and physical attendance records. Statistical analysis was performed using the Epi Info program, version 7.0 for Windows, with Student's t test for unpaired variables, Chi-square test and Fischer test. The significance of p < 0.05 was considered. Results: Of the 148 selected patients, 63.5% were male, 60.1% were over 65 years old, 50.74% were enrolled in the first grade, and 93.2% were self-declared white. The prevalence of anemia observed in the study population was 72 (56.25%), of which 49 (68%) were male and 23 (32%) were female. The mortality rate of the anemic patients was 19.4%, a total of 14 patients, whereas the non-anemic patients rate was 7.9%. It was observed that patients with worse outcome had hemoglobin < 12mg/dL (p = 0.045) and Functional Class (FC IV) by the New York Heart Association (NYHA) (p = 0.0001) at hospital admission. Conclusions: It is noticed that anemia is a frequent finding in patients with HF and that it interferes in the clinical manifestations, with worsening of the prognosis. Anemia treatment is not yet standarized in the HF approach, but patients without anemia appear to evolve with more favorable outcomes than anemia.


Ultrasonography works as an essential tool in diagnosing breast cancer. For mass screening of breast cancer, mammography is used worldwide as a main tool. However, in the screening of women with dense breasts and in detecting small cancer of the breast, ultrasonography is known to be more useful than mammography. Most Japanese women contract breast cancer in their 40s. Women in their 40s have more dense breasts than those in their 50s. It is expected that mass screening for breast cancer in the future will be done by a combined use of mammography and sonography. A randomized control trial of the combined use is being carried out at present in Japan. In recent years, the degree and distribution of tissue strain induced by tissue compression with an ultrasound device has enabled evaluation with color. The method, real-time tissue elastography, is used as an auxiliary tool in diagnosing diseases of various organs. Breast elastography images, classified into patterns and scores, have also begun to be widely used. Compared with conventional B-mode sonography, elastography is superior in specificity. Based on this fact, we have considered omitting available histological examinations for some breast lesions in the near future. Furthermore, elastography was useful in preoperative assessment of the margin of breast cancer. Further development of ultrasound elastography in the future is expected.


Serving local area is a key point of the development of local comprehensive universities. It is the inner requirement to improve the training quality of talents. It is the starting and ending points of scientific research. And it is also the urgent demand of the development of local economics and society. The local comprehensive university should create new teaching method and adapt actively to the need of regional area to train the applicable talents. It should link the university and the enterprise together to deal with the problems and to break through the choke point of the local high and new technology. It should eagerly serve for transforming the research result and help to push the development of the medium-sized and small enterprises .It should also be a good advisor to transmit the civilization and sustain the development of the local social career.


The results of high temperature test and low temperature test of the APAO,SBS modified asphalt and the mixture show that the APAO modifier can improve not only the high temperature performance and the ability to resist the low temperature cracking of the modified asphalt and the mixture,but also the temperature susceptibility of the asphalt.


Background: The Immune System-Released Activating Agent (ISRAA) was discovered as a novel molecule that functions as a mediator between the nervous and immune systems in response to a nervous stimulus following an immune challenge. Thisresearch investigated the role ofISRAA)in promoting the ontogeny of the mouse brain. Methods: Astrocyte cultures were prepared from two-month-old BALB/c mice. Recombinant ISRAA protein was used to stimulate astrocyte cultures. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA were utilized to measure ISRAA andIFN-g levels, IFN-gR expression and STAT1 nuclear translocation. MTT-assay was used to evaluate cellular survival and proliferation. To assess astrocyte cell lysates and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, SDS-PAGE and western blot were used.Results: ISRAA was highly expressed in mouse embryonic astrocytes,depending on cell age. Astrocytes agedseven days (E7) showed increased proliferation and diminisheddifferentiation, while 21-day-old (E21)astrocytes depictedreversed effects. ISRAAstimulated the tyrosine phosphorylation of numerous cellular proteins and thenuclear translocation of STAT1. IFN-g was vital for ISRAAactionas ISRAA induced IFN-gin both age groups, but only E21 astrocytes expressed IFN-gR. Conclusion: The results suggest that ISRAA is cruciallyinvolved in mouse brain development through the cytokine network involving IFN-g.


Lawrence's second novel, The Trespasser, is an instructive case of cultural cross-breeding. The Flaubertian theme of bovarism, that greedy, reckless, courageous, disastrous attempt to escape reality and live a beautiful dream, and the complementary Flaubertian theme of sentiment, that indulgence of the dream without the payment of the price, are both implied in its fable ( afable which, appropriately, has the air of hallucination but is grounded in fact). Threaded across these themes, and demanding at least equal attention, is Lawrence's life-long topic: the contemporary maladaptation of the male-female relationship and the possibility of its reform.


The paper argues that ideas about human rights, rather than being a relatively new arrival within political and social discourse, have been present in both the mainstream and the dissenting streams of Japan's political system since the start of the twentieth century. In the years immediately after the war human rights were explicitly promoted by the US occupation and adopted enthusiastically by the Japan Socialist Party and those involved in the Buraku liberation movement such as Matsumoto Jiichiro. During the 1950s, however, this enthusiasm dissipated in the face of the cold war intolerance of government and a focus on policies that could address the relative and absolute poverty experienced by the discriminated Buraku. Only in the post cold war 1990s did the state and the liberation movement once more start to take human rights seriously. Human rights have been present in Japan for well over a century but their impact on political and social practice has varied greatly depending on the complex interplay between domestic social and political factors and the international environment - just as in most other countries around the world. Keywords: Human rights, Buraku liberation, Suiheisha, Matsumoto Jiichiro There is an often-expressed idea that the notion of human rights is alien to non-western societies and hardly present until the post-war period. Then there is an equally unchallenged idea that at some point in the late 1940s or early 1950s the concept arrived or was introduced and became somehow embedded even in East Asia or Japan from which point there was a slow but sure development of its understanding to a point where at the start of the twenty first century it was well established. The story I want to tell differs from this narrative in some significant ways and I will return to this theme in my conclusion. This of course for the moment ignores the problem that the way 'human rights' are conceived by state and citizen in East Asia may be different from that in Europe and that this may result in differences in implementation. Has there, I wonder, been any attempt to trace the history of the term 'human rights' over the last 150 years in Japan or elsewhere in East Asia? There is an important research project there that for the moment needs to be set aside. Here I want to consider some of these assumptions by taking a broad historical view of the human rights related developments in Japan over the twentieth century through the prism of activities related to the Burakumin campaigns against prejudice and discrimination. In brief, what I want to suggest is that we can trace the ideas of rights as a source of inspiration to activists from at least the 1920s and they remain powerful well into the late 1930s. They are then embraced with enthusiasm in the later 1940s and early 1950s but then, rather than becoming ever deeply embedded, as Japan industrialises and emerges as a advanced industrial democracy they disappear from view both within the discourse of the state and of its critics. It is only in the post Cold War world of the 1990s, and arguably only because of the concerns expressed within international organisations supported by the United Nations that human rights once more start to play a prominent part in domestic and international policy making. This is only a very partial account, vulnerable to criticism on a number of counts notably that my material from the period 1920-50 depends heavily on my knowledge of one, albeit indisputably influential, figure and that what I say about the period 1960-2000 relies on my current understanding of a movement and policy process that I have not yet studied too carefully. It is an outline of a research agenda rather than a report on research completed but it will I hope address some of the themes in the relationship between the promotion and implementation of human rights ideas and the political environment. Before I start, some brief words about my context. …


Patients who are doing reasonably well on antidepressant medication often inquire about stopping drug treatment. Although clinical trials have shown a


Article acquaints the reader with the social engineering, the individual methods that use social engineers, the active protection against it as the design and implementation in course in LMS Moodle on Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Kosice to support e-learning. At present created course is possible to use as a base for an easier and faster way to obtain information about social engineering. The resulting course can be used not only for the Faculty of Aeronautics but also to other university faculties that use Moodle.


The utility model relates to a rim locking chuck device, which comprises a frustum. A gear disc is arranged on the lower peripheral portion of the frustum. The rim locking chuck device is characterized in that positioning pins matched with small holes of a rim radial plate are arranged on the periphery of the frustum, a plurality of radial slots are uniformly distributed along the upper side of the frustum, a reciprocating slider driven by a central reciprocating driving mechanism is arranged on each radial slot, and positioning slots for centering and locking of the rim are arranged at outer edges of the reciprocating sliders respectively. The rim locking chuck device is simple in structure, convenient in use and firm in locking and positioning.


The Java Modeling Language allows one to write formal behavioral specifications for Java classes in structured comments within the source code, and then automatically generate run-time assertion checks based on such a specification. Instead of placing the generated assertion checking code directly in the underlyling class bytecode file, placing it is a separate wrapper component offers many advantages. Checks can be distributed in binary form alongside the compiled class, and clients can selectively include or exclude checks on a per-class basis without recompilation. In this approach, when checks are excluded the underlying code is just as efficient as if assertions were "compiled out." In addition, a flexible mechanism for enabling or disabling assertion execution on a per-class or per-package basis is also included. This paper presents a design for separating assertion checking code into wrapper classes and discusses the issues arising from this design.


To figure out the soil nutrient characters and realize partition fertilization in different soils of Raoyang County,the supplying condition and distribution characters of soil nutrient were studied by field experiment combined with lab analysis in this paper.The results indicated that the average values of soil organic matter,available nitrogen( N),available phosphorus( P) and available potassium( K) were 15.5 g /kg,77.1 mg /kg,29.1 mg /kg and 108.0 mg /kg,respectively.There were significant differences for the content of N,P,K in topsoil among different towns in Raoyang County.The order of coefficient variation from the largest to the smallest was available P,available K,available N and soil organic matter.Compared with the results in the second national soil survey,the content of soil organic matter,available N,available P in soil were increased by 37.2%,29.1% and 314.3%,respectively,with an up-graded nutrient grade,while the content of available potassium was decreased by 29.5% with a down-graded nutrient grade.Combined with the results of"3414"field experiment,experts' practical experience,farmer survey and the distribution of soil nutrient,the fertilizer index systems of winter wheat were established.Maps for guiding proper application of N,P and K fertilizers according to the characters of different soil nutrients were compiled.All these were propitious to optimize the balanced fertilization application for farmers.


A two-dimensional (2D) panel method is developed to find the first and second order wave forces acting on a semi-submerged cylinder in regular waves. The panel method is based on potential flow and the waves are modeled for both finite and infinite water depth. The motion is limited to heave, but allows for extensions to other modes as well. It uses boundary conditions for floating body dynamics with Neumann and mixed type boundaries on the surfaces. The waves are generated and the reflection of the waves is suppressed by generating absorbing boundary conditions (GABC) on the radiation surfaces. The model is used to investigate the hydrodynamics of an oscillating buoy wave energy converter (point energy converter). For this, an analytical solution of the optimal damping is used. The method uses panels along all boundaries to solve the boundary conditions. The model can be used for any time-harmonic free surface flow problem. A second order wave running through the domain is successfully modelled, without the interference of a body. Challenges of a second order model with body are explained. The boundary element method has innate challenges finding the correct solution to tangential flows on the panels and spatial derivatives of the velocity, which are required for the second order solutions. Highlights • Diffraction and radiation problems in boundary element methods for any 2D shape on the free surface are modeled. • Two-dimensional generating absorbing boundary conditions are applied to free surface waves. • The energy balance for a floating body with power take off with the combined radiation and diffraction problem is modeled. • Power predictions for 2D floating devices with power take off in waves is found. • Modelling a second order running wave through a fluid domain. • Second order theory and challenges are explained for further model improvements.


Karydakis published a large pilonidal series in 1992, reporting a recurrence rate of less than 1% and complication rate of 8.5%. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of Karydakis procedure (KP) performed in the lateral versus the prone position in a consecutive series.


Locking Segment Insertion Bits (LSIBs) have been proposed to secure access to on-chip embedded instruments in IEEE 1687 networks. LSIBs can be opened (or closed) only if the correct key value is applied to the LSIB's key logic circuit. Using gate-level simulations previously used for cryptographic circuits, we evaluate the susceptibility of several LSIB key logic designs to simple power analysis attacks. We show that the key logic may be susceptible to simple power analysis attacks when the key logic for each LSIB is separate. However, sharing the key logic among multiple LSIBs mitigates simple power analysis attacks. Sharing key logic circuits among four LSIBs gave an average coefficient of determination of 0.05 between the circuit's switching activity and the key bit values as compared to an average coefficient of determination value of 0.54 for single LSIBs. Furthermore, this reduced the scan cell overhead for LSIBs by a factor of four.


The crystal structures of two aminopyrimidines, 4-amino-2,6-dichloropyrimidine and 5-bromo-4,6-diaminopyrimidine, have been determined by two- and three-dimensional Fourier methods. The electron distribution determined by three-dimensional Fourier synthesis is sufficiently accurate to fix the positions of the hydrogen atoms, and experimental evidence is obtained in support of the view that in hydrogen bonding the hydrogen is covalently bound to one atom but the proton interacts electrostatically with the unshared electron pair on the other. The hydrogen atom and the orbit of the unshared electrons are both directed along the line joining the hydrogen-bonded atoms. Other effects associated with hydrogen bonding in these compounds are pointed out. Bond lengths calculated on the assumption that `resonance structures' involving a positive formal charge on an amino group make an appreciable contribution to the molecular state are in good agreement with the observed values.


The genetic characteristics were compared between meiosis gynogenetic diploid( MGD) and normal diploid( ND) of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus using microsatellite marker. The results showed that the offsprings of mitotic gynogenesis were divided into homozygote( Mitotic-A) diploids and heterozygote( Mitotic-B) diploids. There was average homozygosity of 1. 000 0 in Mitotic-A,0. 328 4 in Mitotic-B,0. 252 1 in MGD and 0. 183 3 in ND. The genetic similarity between the parents and progenies were found to be 0. 707 1 in Mitotic-A, 0. 874 8 in Mitotic-B,0. 894 0 in MGD and 0. 660 2 in ND. The genetic similarity among progenies was shown to be 0. 546 0 in Mitotic-A,0. 792 1 in Mitotic-B,0. 836 6 in MGD,and 0. 675 9 in ND,indicating that there are significant differences in genetic characteristics between the Mitotic-A and Mitotic-B. The proportion of homozygous individuals was 34. 10% in Mitotic-B and 73. 86% at the poli110TUF and poli1906TUF loci,but 0 in MGD and 0 performance for heterozygosis completely. The homozygous individuals were found to represent 10. 23% in Mitotic-B and 9. 66% in the poli1490TUF and poli1498TUF loci,but to account for 100% in MGD and 100% performance for homozygosis completely. The findings show that there are different induction and information exchange approaches in Mitotic-B and MGD.