Introduction, 90. — I. Innovations in transport technology and geographic location, 91. — Effect upon population movements, 93. — Upon building, 93.— The timing of innovations in transportation, 94. — Influence of rate structures, 95. — Effects upon consumer behavior, 96. — Influence of monetary conditions, 97. — II. Character of the statistical data, 98. — Six cycles in building and in transport development revealed, 101. —III. The impact of transport development upon building in Ohicago,107. — IV. Implications for future transport developments and building booms, 111.


Provided are: a method for manufacturing a vanadium sulfate (III) hydrate with which a vanadium sulfate (III) hydrate having a reduced impurity content and constant hydration number can be easily produced, and with which the amount of vanadium sulfate (III) during use can be accurately calculated; and a method for manufacturing a vanadium redox secondary battery with which electrodes are manufactured using said vanadium sulfate (III) hydrate. An aqueous reaction solution is prepared, which includes trivalent vanadium ions and sulfate ions, and in which the difference between the concentration of negative ions excluding hydroxide ions and the concentration of vanadium ions is 6.7 mol/L or less. The aqueous reaction solution is stirred and the generated vanadium sulfate (III) hydrate is recovered from the aqueous reaction solution.


With the development of the Cruzeiro do Sul University (UNICSUL), the volume of information generated by the Syllabi exceeded the capacity for efficient control in the academic area. The difficulty of identifying the problems in each syllabus prompted the preparation of studies and analyses that made it possible to optimise, standardise and integrate the processes involved in this activity. The design of the Syllabus Web Project (WebPlan), carried out between October 2004 and June 2005, was an integral part of the Computerization Plan for activities in the academic area. This integration resulted in the implementation of a system that allows: a) the teacher to register, via the Internet, the syllabus for his discipline; b) the academic area to monitor and validate the syllabus; c) the coordinator to inspect the bibliographies for the disciplines as a whole, and to compare them with the book collections in the libraries and make purchase requests; d) the library to take steps, also automatically, to buy the books requested. The involvement of the library in this process resulted in the tightening of the relationship between teachers and libraries, making it possible for activities previously done separately to guarantee a synchronism between the bibliographies required by the syllabi and the updating of the library collections. As a result, the latest information was made more accessible to the academic community and this is a strong element in the improvement in quality in the learning process and in research, keeping abreast of the whole dynamics of updating syllabi carried out by teachers.


Objective To explore the effect of histamine in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) on the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE).Methods NPE models of rabbits were made and H 1 receptor antagonist (chlorpheniramine, H 1 group), H 2 receptor antagonist (Cimetidine, H 2 group) or normal sodium (NS group) were injected into PVN of rabbits utilizing the technique of stereotaxis. The degree of pulmonary edema was observed, the content of histamine in PVN was measured by high performance liquid chromatogram, and the ration of lung-water and A/P value were calculated.Results (1) Compared with control group and sham operation group, the content of histamine of PVN in NPE group obviously increased ( P0.001), the degree of pulmonary edema, the ration of lung-water and A/P value obviously increased too ( P0.01). (2) Compared with NPE group, the degree of pulmonary edema, the ration of lung-water and A/P value obviously lessened after injection of chlorpheniramine in H 1 group (all P0.01), but not significantly changed in H 2 group. Conclusions The histamine in paraventricular nucleus participates the development of NPE. H 1 receptor antagonist may obviously reduce the occurrence and lighten the degree of NPE。


The heat exchange area of a closed cooling tower for Tuokesun calcium carbide production facility was calculated,and the process flow and the economics of two kinds of process,i.e.closed cooling tower process,combination of open cooling tower and plate-type heat exchanger,were compared.The results showed that closed cooling towers could be used for the cooling of calcium carbide furnaces,and could be applied in the production of calcium carbide.


ZnO,as a wide-band gap semiconductor,has become a new research focus in the field of ultraviolet optoelectronic semiconductors recently.In the paper,the equilibrium concentrations of main points defects in ZnO semiconductor at high temperature,such as sintering temperature and heat-treatment temperature,are theoretically investigated by the Kroger's defect chemistry method for oxide semiconductor.Then the hypothesis that the defects are "frozen" when ZnO semiconductor cooled rapidly to the room temperature was adopted to estimate the quantities of semi-equilibrium defects and the carriers distribution at room temperature.The weak n-type conductivity and the green photoluminescence of undoped ZnO semiconductors at room temperature are explained according the calculated results.


The development of internet technology and the ease of internet use have impact on Video on Demand Streaming on the Internet. The rate of benefiting from the said technology is increasing day by day while the age of use is gradually decreasing.
Legal and technical control and regulation of over the top services on the Internet should be considered important in order to minimize the negative consequences that children will be exposed to, as well as in the public interest. In this respect, the protection of children is accepted as a universal goal by all actors. Due to the fulfillment of the said purpose, obligations to integrate the parental control system are imposed on media service providers or internet platform operators that are about to broadcast in audiovisual media services in the national and international arena, and recommendations are made to the organizations at this point.
This study questions whether current legislation provide efficient protection for chüldren regarding ahrmful content considering video on demand streaming on the internet. The media service provider or platform operator enforces parental control to ensure that children who want to access on-demand broadcast service content from the internet are protected from harmful or illegal content. In this study, the parental control system in over the top services from the internet, which has recently become popular and under the influence of audio-visual media services, will be discussed on the basis of legal regulations, international studies and practices.


Matthew Simon Squires The means by which the dietary cancer chemopreventive agents, curcumin, epigallocatechin3-gallate (EGCG) and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) inhibit growth of human breast cell lines was investigated by examining their effects on various signal transduction pathways. Curcumin inhibited the growth of HBL 100, T47D and MDA 468 cell lines to a similar extent (IC50 5pM), while EGCG and I3C were most effective against the MDA 468 line (IC50 10pM and 40 pM respectively). Curcumin inhibited epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated phosphorylation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) in MDA 468 cells, phosphorylation and activity of extracellular regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2 in all three cell lines and Akt phosphorylation induced by several agents in HBL 100 cells. Curcumin inhibited the ability of anisomycin to activate c-jun N terminal kinase (JNK) and MAPK kinase 4 (MKK4), although it did not inhibit activation of p38. Further studies suggested that the target of curcumin upstream of JNK may lie at the MAPK kinase kinase (MEKK) level. EGCG did not inhibit EGFR or ERK phosphorylation. Instead an increase in phosphorylation was observed. Nor did this agent inhibit JNK activity in pre-treated cells, although inhibition was observed when it was added directly to the assay. Similarly EGCG was a potent inhibitor of p38 activity in vitro, but did not affect its ability to activate the downstream kinase MAPK activating protein kinase-2 (MAPKAP K2) when added to cells. I3C had no effect on ERK phosphorylation, JNK or p38 activity. The global effect of curcumin treatment (10pM) on transcription was investigated using cDNA microarrays. Several genes were shown to be affected, including downregulation of a number of matrix metalloproteinases. Results suggest that the three agents mediate their growth inhibitory effects through very different molecular targets. The mode of action of curcumin may include components of the ERK and JNK pathways, while activation of the ERK pathway by EGCG may be involved in some tumour cells. I3C had no effect on any of the pathways investigated so its inhibitory effects must be exerted through a different mechanism.


The prevalence rate of amlodipine-induced gingival overgrowth was determined in patients taking amlodipine for three months. Gingival overgrowth was found in four cases among the 301 patients surveyed ; a prevalence rate of 1.3%. The clinical findings of amlodipine-induced gingival overgrowth were similar to those induced by other calcium channel blockers.


Cases of acute poisoning by bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) in cattle from 10 small farms of seven municipalities of the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were reviewed. The study encompassed 6,256 necropsies of cattle considering a 43-year period and included 15 necropsies of cattle dying from acute bracken poisoning. Morbidity and mortality were 17.9% and lethality was virtually 100%. In 40% of the farms the disease occurred in small outbreaks affecting several cattle per farm and in 60% only one bovine was affected in each farm. Main clinical signs include fever (40-42oC), apathy, drooling, and hemorrhages; the latter were mainly from the gums, nostrils, and gastrointestinal tract. Multiple petechiae were observed in several mucosae and in the skin. Occasionally hematuria and blood in the milk were reported. The disease was invariably fatal after a course of approximately two days. Hematological changes included severe neutropenia, non-regenerative normocytic normochromic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Necropsy findings include hemorrhages o varying degrees in several organs and infarcts in the liver. Both hemorrhages and hepatic infarcts were confirmed histologically; clusters of bacterial rods and thrombosed vessels were associated with the infarcts. Marked bone marrow aplasia was a consistent finding in the four cases in which the marrow was evaluated.


Using Boaibayuehuang Diospyros kaki dormant buds, sprout buds and shoot tips as explants, effect of sampling time, disinfection time, disinfectants and plant growth regulators on culture of their organizations. The results showed that highest germination ratio of dormant buds, sprout buds and shoot tip reached 70%, 50%, 30% respectively, that of dormant bud (dormant period explants) is the highest, and its proliferation ability is stronger; best sampling period is around December 6, using dormant buds, sprout buds as explants could establish the beginning of culture, while the beginning of shoot tip culture is not easy to be established. Using 0.1%HgCl2 to disinfect 5 min will be best to explant at its earlier growing period, its pollution rate, the browning rate is relatively lower, while its survival rate is the highest; it would be better to use 0.1% HgCl2 to disinfect explants for 10 min, although its pollution rate is higher, but its browning rate is the lowest, the survival rate is the highest; Comparison of disinfectants (NaClO and HgCl2) indicated the optimal level of disinfectant to explant in the dormant period is 0.1%HgCl2, the disinfection time is 15min,the survival rate is higher, reaching 70.2%. The most suitable culture medium for Boaibayuehuang Diospyros kaki is 1/2 MS+1 mg/L ZT +0.1 mg/L IAA +4.0 mg/L 6-BA.


PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SOLID aerophilic / hydrophobic may be dispersed in water as microparticle DISCRETAS, where the solid is knurled in an aqueous medium in the presence of a hydrocolloid FOR A SUSPENSION CONTAINING PARTICLES SUSPENDED FROM AN AVERAGE SIZE particle will not exceed 10 (MU) MY DIVIDING FINELY and drying to obtain a powder.


The effects of aluminizing agent composition, heating temperature and holding time, and adhesion agents on microstructure and oxidation resistance of steel Q235 are investigated. The results show that depth of alumetized layer increases with the increase in aluminum powder content in alumetizing agent. The best result is achived when aluminum content is between 20 to 35 percent. Aluminum will stick on surface when its content reaches 35 percent. The higher heating temperature and the longer holding time result in a increasing depth of the aluminized layer. Neutral material, such as polyvinyl alcohol had better be selected as adhesion agent. Resistance to oxidation of the alumetized specimens is higher than that of untreated one, and the oxidation resistance is improved with the increase in aluminum content in aluminizing agent.


Structure optimization is an important topic because of its benefits and wide applicability range, from civil engineering to aerospace and automotive industries, contributing to a more green industry and life. Truss finite elements are still in use in many research/industrial codesfor their simple stiffness matrixand are naturally matching the requirements for cellular materials especially considering various 3D printing technologies. Optimality Criteria combined with Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization is the optimization method of choice, particularized for truss systems. Global locked structures areobtainedusinglocally locked lattice local organization, corresponding to structured or unstructured meshes. Post processing is important for downstream application of the method, to make a faster link to the CAD systems. To export the optimal structure in CATIA, a CATScript file is automatically generated. Results, findings and conclusions are given for two and three-dimensional cases.


This study aimed to validate the equivalence of first‐line concomitant and hybrid regimens for Helicobacter pylori infection in an era of increasing antibiotic resistance. The study also aimed to assess regimen compliance.


3-D mice are used for drawing 3-D computer graphics in the field of Virtual Reality. They are far more expensive and complicated than usual 2-D mice. This paper proposes a low-cost, simple 3-D mouse. It uses a part of the 2-D mouse's mechanism for low-cost. Its software automatically corrects the coordinate errors caused by hardware. Its performance is shown through experiments, comparing with other 3-D mice.


Chiral second harmonic generation (C-SHG) has been used for the label-free detection of (R)-(+)-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol (RBN) and (S)-(+)-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol (SBN) binding to planar-supported lipid bilayers of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphotidylcholine (POPC) based on the intrinsic chirality of the molecules. C-SHG adsorption isotherms of RBN and SBN reveal Langmuir adsorption behavior with binding constants of 2.7 ± 0.2 × 105 M−1 and 3.0 ± 0.1 × 105 M−1, respectively. The kinetics of RBN binding to a POPC bilayer was also measured. It was determined that the adsorption rate for RBN was 5.7 ± 0.4 × 103 s−1M−1 and the desorption rate was 2.1 ± 0.8 × 10−2 s−1. From the kinetic data a binding constant of 2.7 ± 1.0 × 105 M−1 was calculated, which agrees well with the thermodynamic measurement. The C-SHG technique was correlated with surface tension measurements in order to determine the RBN surface excess within the POPC membrane. The maximum surface excess of RBN in a monolayer of POPC was 4.3 ± 0.5 × 10−11 mol cm2. Using the maximum surface excess in conjunction with the C-SHG binding data a lower limit of detection of 1.5 ±0.1 × 10−13 mols cm−2 was calculated. The results of these studies show that C-SHG is a powerful tool for the study of chiral molecular interactions at surfaces.


Agriculture and allied sectors continue to be pivotal to the sustainable growth and development of the Indian economy. It's role in alleviating poverty and in ensuring the sustainable development of the economy is well established. The agriculture communication has also proved to be effective in realizing the objectives of improvements in the form of rise in yields, quality products as well as the sustenance of natural resources and others in agriculture. Print media which is a tool of mass media has been contributing to the agriculture enormously. Content of agricultural magazines helped in the raise of knowledge levels with regard to innovations in agriculture. It has been found that progressive farmers who were handpicked to communicate the messages for promotion of agriculture have also evinced more interest to read about stories and features as they are informative and impressive due to visual support.


India's current effort o raise her national income through industrialization and economic development by democratic means has attracted the attention of the world. Professor Ornati's book is, therefore, timely because it deals with a small but important segment of the Indian labor force-industrial workers. The place of industrial labor in India is aptly summarized in a separate Introduction written by Professor C. N. Vakil, distinguished Indian economist and director of the School of Economics and Sociology at the University of Bombay:


The aim of this research has been to demonstrate the use and applicability of substrates containing non-wood fibres in the printing industry, with an emphasis on flexographic printing for packaging. To obtain such substrates, laboratory papers were produced with the addition of 30% non-wood fibres (wheat, barley and triticale), in combination with recycled wood pulp. These substrates were tested for chemical and mechanical resistance after flexographic printing with conventional and ultraviolet curing inks. The results showed that all laboratory papers with the addition of 30% non-wood fibres, printed with water-based inks, had fairly good chemical and mechanical resistance, except for the prints treated with sodium hydroxide. Thus, such papers should not be used as packaging materials for alkaline products. UV-curable inks on these substrates showed low chemical resistance, thus should only be used on substrates intended for secondary packaging. The mechanical resistance of UV prints was very good, thus papers containing straw pulp could be used for various applications.


Correspondence between various rock types and frequency of plagioclase twinning laws must be revised with the recent geological background for improving the criteria to discriminate geological settings by plagioclase twinning laws. For this revision, a rapid and reliable method to determine plagioclase twinning law types is necessary. Twinning laws can be recognized in a thin section with the aid of a universal stage. The plagioclase twinning law is determined from the composition plane (CP) and position of the symmetry axis (SA). The CP is determined with cleavages or optical elongation at the diagonal position. Normal, parallel or complex twin types can be understood by optical characters based upon the relationship of SA and CP. Based upon combinations of these characters, we can distinguish most plagioclase twinning laws in natural rocks.


Learning from everywhere, at whatever time is a modern trend in the field of learning that supposed to be tactile with both cost and time saving. This trend is apparent in the way ICT technology intercede knowledge processes between students. There are studies in the literature that draw attention to the disadvantages of ICT technology being utilized in the process of learning. This article presents a SWOT analytic study performed on ubiquitous computing (u-computing) and computer-intermediated community interaction and its effects on education. Interviews have been conducted from students based on chosen themes using questionnaire based analysis. This article identifies what learners comprehend to be the strength, weakness, opportunities and threats of ubiquitous computing and computer-intermediated community interaction in learning are. This article also relates its findings compared with the literature and describes a mutual understanding on the SWOT of these notions. Our results show positive perceptual experiences. The students uncovered that ubiquitous computing and computer-intermediated community interaction are essential ingredients in their learning process because of the inherent advantages such as flexibility, effectiveness in terms of time, cost and the ability to acquire computer skills. However, disadvantages were also brought up for instance security issues, privacy, health effects, noise in the learning environment, to name a few. The article ends with suggestions on how to surmount threats mentioned above.


SUMMARY In recent years teacher education colleges have started to offer more alternative routes to teaching in secondary education. The development is a response to teacher shortages but also to a change in thinking about teaching as a profession, professional learning and the school as site of learning. Three alternative routes were studied. The characteristics of the new students and the way teacher colleges adapt their programmes to these new students are discussed. The alternative teacher education programmes realise characteristics of 'work-based learning' to a certain extent, but not yet fully. Alternative routes are a promising development in teacher education, opening new opportunities to enter teaching, and marking a change in the role of schools as important environment of teachers' professional learning.


Ag-doping in chalcogenide glasses can significantly increase the material's optical nonlinearity. This paper describes our study on Ag-doped As2Se3 glasses. The effect of Ag doping on the glass structure and optical properties have been discussed.


Major horizons from stacked sections and velocity analysis of the time migrated sections along eighteen oblique profiles in the southernmost Ryukyu forearc region are integrated based on the inverse-ray method. Inverse-ray imaging starts from shooting three inverse rays at three non-collinear sources/receivers, propagating through structural layers and arriving at a planar reflector. All possible triangulations of the picked reflection times between neighboring profiles are applied for 3-D inverse-ray imaging of the Ryukyu forearc structures and in a layer-stripping approach. The results show that the top of the oceanic crust subducts deepest near the Nanao forearc basin and the maximum thickness of the accretionary prism south of the Nanao forearc basin is greater than 9 km whereas that south of the East Nanao forearc basin is only greater than 5 km. These may imply the most active subduction in the southernmost Ryukyu forearc region is probably along the Nanao forearc basin which is also supported by the active earthquakes below the Nanao forearc basin.


In this study, variation on electrochemical parameters and characteristics of lead immobilization due to phosphoric acid Injection In soil were studied during electrokinetic remediation of lead contaminated soil. To do this electric potential electric current and electroosmotic flow rate were measured during electrokinetic treatment of lead spiked illitic soil and variation of pH and TCLP value of lead were analyzed after test. After electrokinetic treatment with phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid, TCLP result showed about 100% of soil was satisfied TCLP regulation criteria. And injected ion from cathode reservoir by ionmigration was proportionate to concentration of phosphoric acid and elapsed time. Therefore when removal is infeasible or not cost-effective, in situ immobilization method would be more effective.


This paper investigates the adaptive consensus tracking control problem for multi-agent systems (MASs) with input saturation and dead-zone. Radial basis function neural networks (RBF NNs) are utilized to estimate the unknown nonlinear functions. An adaptive consensus tracking control scheme is proposed by the backstepping technique and Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed controller guarantees that all the closed-loop system signals are bounded and the outputs of followers can track the leader. Finally, numerical example demonstrates the effectiveness of the obtained results.


GPS is very widespread and is about to see improvement with wide-area augmentation in various parts of the world. With GPS III on the horizon and Galileo apparently running late, the two systems will largely be competing for the same business - but with Galileo charging for most of its services. With little perception of added value in Galileo, it is likely to be facing a huge task in breaking into the location market. The quest would be easier if Galileo were to become an infrastructure project of a caring community rather than a commercial undertaking.


Denounced by scientists in the 1980s, popular opinion holds that girls are more compassionate than boys, but what do today's experts believe?


Cervical cancer is the second commonest cancer among females in Indonesia. The Global Burden of Disease 2017 study provides the comprehensive estimates of all diseases, including cervical cancer. This study was aimed to give overview of burden of cervical cancer at national and provincial level in Indonesia from 1990 to 2017. This was descriptive study using the GBD 2017 results for cervical cancer incidence, prevalence, deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and risk factors. Cervical cancer incidence in Indonesia rose slightly (17%) from 7.4 to 8.7 per 100,000 women. Prevalence rate rose 20.8% in the same period, from 43.3 to 52.4 per 100,000. Meanwhile, death rate was almost same from, 3.3 and 3.7 per 100.000 respectively. DALYs of cervical cancer increased significantly from 211,616 to 303,308. At provincial level, in 2017 the highest prevalence rate and incidence rate were in North Maluku and West Papua. The lowest were in the North Kalimantan and North Sumatera. Incidence rate and death rate of cervical cancer rose from age of 30-34 and peaked at 95+. Meanwhile, prevalence rate and DALYs rate started at age of 25-29 and steadily high at age of 44. Risk factors contributed to cervical cancer were unsafe sex and tobacco.


Untreated landfill leachate is known to have endangered the environment. As such new treatment must be sought to ensure its cost-effective and sustainable treatment. Thus this paper reports the effectiveness of bio-filter to remove pollutants. In this research, the reduction of nutrients concentration was evaluated in two conditions: using bio-filter and without bio-filter. Synthetic wastewater was used in the batch culture. It was conducted within 21 days in the initial mediums of 100 mg/L ammonia-nitrogen. The nitrification medium consisted of 100 mg/L of ammonia-nitrogen while the nitrite assay had none. The petri dish experiment was also conducted to observe the existence of any colony. The results showed 22% of ammonia- nitrogen reduction and 33% phosphate in the nitrification medium with the bio-filter. The outcome showed that the bio-filter was capable to reduce the concentration of pollutants by retaining the slow growing bacteria (AOB and NOB) on the plastic carrier surface. The factorial design was applied to study the effect of the initial ammonia-nitrogen concentration and duration on nitrite-nitrogen removal. Finally, a regression equation was produced to predict the rate of nitrite-nitrogen removal without conducting extended experiments and to reduce the number of trials experiment.


This paper presents a novel compilation system that allows sequential programs, written in C or FORTRAN, to be compiled directly into distributed-memory hardware. This capability is interesting not only because certain applications require the performance of custom hardware, but also because current trends in computer architecture are moving towards more hardware-like substrates. Our system works by successfully combining two resource-eecient computing disciplines: Smart Memories and Virtual Wires. For a given application, the compiler rst analyzes the memory access patterns of pointers and arrays in the program and constructs a smart memory system made up of many small memories. The computation is implemented by active computing elements that are spatially distributed within the memory array. A space-time scheduler assigns instructions to the computing elements in a way that maximizes locality and minimizes physical communication distance. It also generates an eecient static schedule for the interconnect. Finally, specialized hardware for the resulting schedule of memory accesses, wires, and computation is generated as a multi-process state machine in synthesizable Verilog. With this system, implemented as a set of SUIF compiler passes, we have successfully compiled programs into hardware and achieve specialization performance enhancements by up to an order of magnitude versus a single general-purpose processor. We also achieve additional paralleliza-tion speedups similar to those obtainable using a tightly-interconnected multiprocessor.


We have developed a low-speed and low-capacity wind power generator. In this paper, we introduce the outline of the 5kW multi-polar synchronous generator that generates the electric power efficiently from 50rpm to 180rpm. The generator is produced by a magnetic powder core for cost reduction. We also express the outline and field test results of the low-capacity power plant constructed in Ohmura City, Nagasaki.


Objective To evaluate the safety and short term effect of 125I seed implantation for locoregional lymph node metastases in patients with recurrent gastric cancer.Methods The data of 23 gastric cancer patients with locoregional lymph node metastases treated by CT-guided 125I seed implantation were retrospectively studied.Patient characteristics and survival data were collected and analyzed.The procedure for seed implantation was performed under CT guidance according to preoperative treatment planning.Evaluation of short-term effect was carried out two months after the 125I seed implantation using response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST).The 1-,2-and 3-year survival rates were plotted using the life table method.The potential predictors of survival were tested using univariate Cox models.Log-rank method was used to test the difference of survival in subgroups with tumor size >3 cm and <3 cm.Twenty patients underwent fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy after 125I seed implantation.Results None of the 23 patients had serious complications.Two months after 125I seed implantation,the CR,PR and PD rates were 60.9% (14/23),21.7% (5/23) and 17.4% (4/23),respectively.The median survival time was (22.1±5.1) months,and the 1-,2-,3-year survival rates were (87±7) %,(47± 11) % and (13 ±9) %,respectively.The tumor size (longest diameter) was the most significant factor for prognosis (x2=9.752,P=0.002).Patients with tumor <3 cm in diameter had longer survival time than those with tumor >3 cm ((30.0±5.1) vs (17.0±5.0) months;x2 =5.828,P=0.016).Conclusion CT-guided brachytherapy using 125I seed implantation is a safe and effective method for palliative treatment of locoregional lymph node metastases for recurrent gastric cancer.

Key words:
Stomach neoplasms ;  Lymphatic metastasis ;  Brachytherapy ;  Iodine radioisotopes ; Tomography, X-ray computed


Recent studies highlight tips for long term and post-acute care providers to help patients and residents with epilepsy achieve freedom from seizures.


In this issue of Annals, Rockett et al1 present compelling evidence that a wide gap exists between emergency department patients' need for alcohol and other drug treatment and identification/referral by ED staff. The authors present data from 7 EDs in the state of Tennessee, representing separate geographic areas. Using several case definitions for treatment need ranging from strict Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), criteria to a more comprehensive definition accounting for testing and denial, the percentage of patients in need varied from 4% to as high as 27%. Patients were more likely to be in need if they were insured by TennCare (Medicaid) or Medicare, if they delayed ED presentation by 1 or more hours, or if they had 1 or more prior ED visits. No difference in need was detected between injured and noninjured patients. Unfortunately, less than 10% of the patients who needed alcohol and other drug treatment received any, and only 1% of the time did the physician document a diagnosis of substance abuse. Considering that there is a well-defined spectrum of alcohol use and that at-risk and problem drinkers were not included in the authors' estimate of treatment need, the numbers of patients in need of intervention/referral is probably much higher. Although the authors extrapolate that the overall numbers of ED patients with need S U B S T A N C E A B U S E / E D I T O R I A L


Identification of secondary electrons is one of the critical issues for physics at the ElectronIon Collider(EIC). It tights together with an efficiency for indentifications of such processes as J/ψ production (branching ratio to e+e− pair is the order of 6%), D-mesons production ( with its Br(D → e + X) ∼ 16%), as well as B-mesons production ( lepton Br(B± → e + ν + Xc ) ∼ 10%) [1]. Electron identification plays an important role for many other physics topics, such as spectroscopy, beyond the standard model physics, etc. The next generation of high intensity accelerator and high demand on precision measurements from the physics have to result on the development of high granuarity detectors. A high granularity tracker combined with a transition radiation option for particle identification could provide additional information necessary for electron identification or hadron suppression. The initial concept and first design of GEM-based Transition Radiation detector was proposed for the EIC detector R&D program [2]. This program is supported by the DOE Office of Nuclear Physics. The basic concept of GEM-based TRD is shown on the Fig. 1. A standard GEM tracker [3] with high granularity (400 μm strip pitch) capable of providing high resolution tracking was converted into a transition radiation detector and tracker (GEM-TRD/T). This was achieved by making several modifications to the standard GEM tracker. First, since heavy gases are required for efficient absorption of X-rays, the operational gas mixture has been changed from an Argon based mixture to a Xenon based mixture. Secondly, the drift region also needed to be increased from ∼3 mm to 20-30 mm in order to detect more energetic TR photons. Then to produce the TR photons, a TR radiator was installed in front of the GEM entrance window. Finally, the standard GEM readout (originally based on the APV25) was replaced with one based on the relatively faster, JLAB developed, flash ADC (FADC) [4]. During this work a small 10 × 10cm prototype, as shown in the Fig 1 has been build and tested [5]. To determine the electron identification efficiency and pion rejection power we tested several methods: total energy deposition, cluster counting, and a comparison of the ionization distribution along a path using maximum likelihood and neural network (NN) algorithms. The maximum likelihood and NN algorithms demonstrated similar performances. However, the NN algorithm has an advantage in practical application as it allows for the optimization of various test parameters and was used as the main analysis method. The ionization along the track was used as input to a neural network program (JETNET [6], ROOT-based TMVA [7]). Further developmnt of Machine Learning algorithms for e/π separation is ongoing. The plan is to develop and build a functional demonstrator for FPGA Machine Learning application. A FPGA-based Neural Network application would offer real-time, low latency ( 1-4 μs), particle identification. It would also allow for data reduction based on physical quantities during the early stages of data processing. This will allow us to control data traffic and offers the possibility of


His areas of interest include group work, disability advocacy, and clinical mental health. Her areas of interest include school counseling, group work, bullying prevention, and social justice. Her areas of interest include group work, and Abstract The unstructured nature of the academic environment necessitates individuals to organize and prioritize their time in productive ways. With writing productivity as a primary desired outcome for many early career counseling faculty and doctoral students, many academics look for sources of support to help facilitate the writing process. Writing groups are one strategy used by many academics to structure their time and construct a source of accountability. While these scholars might indicate that they have experienced some levels of success working with others during a writing process, they may not be able to articulate what it was, exactly, that the writing group provided to create a productive and supportive writing process. This article explores a variety of scholarly writing group types, options for application of writing groups in the counselor education field, and suggests further areas of research that may help scholars to better understand the intricacies and impact of scholarly writing groups.


Objective To investigate the effect of tea polyphenols on intercellular adhesion molecular-1(ICAM-1)expression in plasma and the lung tissue following intestinal ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)in rats.Methods 32 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=8).①Group I/R in which rats were subjected to 1 hour of occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery(SMA),followed by 2 hours of reperfusion.②Early treatment group(P1),rats were subjected to the same procedure as group I/R with the additional administration of tea polyphenols beginning 10 minutes before ischemia with 10mg/kg loading dose,followed by continuous infusion at 10mg/(kg.h).③Treatment group(P2),rats were subjected identical insult as in group I/R with the administration of tea polyphenols started 10minutes before reperfusion with 10mg/kg loading dose,followed by continuous infusion at 10mg/(kg·h).④ Sham-operation group,rats were subjected to only.The ICAM-1 in plasma was assessed by ELISA.The ICAM-1 expression in pulmonary endothelium was assessed by histochemical staining.Results ICAM-1 in plasma and expression in lung tissue was increased significantly in group I/R and was decreased significantly by tea polyphenols.All the increase was less in quantity in the early treatment group of tea polyphenols than the other treatment group.Conclusion ICAM-1 plays an important role in lung injury after intestinal I/R.The early treatment of tea polyphenols before intestinal I/R may be more beneficial by reducing ICAM-1 expression in lung injury.


Summary

Toiletry sets are often commonplace on rural Romano-British sites, leading to speculation that the indigenous population aspired to Roman standards of hygiene and grooming. Artefacts interpreted as cosmetic grinders have been seen as further evidence for body modification for the sake of appearances; these objects are often prominent in discussion of Romanization and identity. Drawing on ethnographic evidence, this paper offers an alternative to the traditional and seemingly unquestioned function of the Pre-Roman Iron Age (PRIA)/ Romano-British toiletry sets and cosmetic grinders. It is suggested that they may have had a role in the treatment of trachoma, an eye disease which may have been rampant in some areas of Roman Britain. It is hoped that this view may generate some discussion not only about the artefacts themselves, but also about how we interpret function, often in the face of a real paucity of evidence.


Complicating relations, increasing turbulence, the novelty of the challenges facing the regional economy determine the feasibility of finding new factors to increase regional competitiveness. The article shows the role of innovative entrepreneurship in the process of forming regional competitiveness. It is proposed to consider innovation as an economic value in its economic significance: it creates fundamentally new resources that the region's economy needs for its intensive, high-quality growth. It is proved that the activation of innovative entrepreneurship occurs in the presence of political, economic, cultural and managerial conditions. The importance of management as a basic consignment of successful strategic development of innovative entrepreneurship in the region is revealed. The elements of the mechanism of innovation development management are described, as a part of which proactive and interactive components are allocated. Proactive management is future-oriented and is part of strategic management, includes strategy, strategic infrastructure, education. Interactive management ensures compliance with the interests of all participants in regional life and is a component of current management, forms a coherence of interests in the implementation of regional development tactics. Interactive management, as it is manifested in the article, consists, for example, in the following: consulting startups on choosing the most optimal legal form of business, financial support of current shares of innovative entrepreneurs, regional targeted programs to support innovative business. Managerial efforts and conditions include a combination of proactive component of management with interactive, which allows regional administrations to coordinate strategic decisions with the tactics.


......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Executive summary.......................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 4 Power system flexibility has become a global priority .................................................................................... 4 Variable renewable energy is a key driver of system flexibility requirements ................................................... 4 Key findings .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Management of power systems in transition ................................................................................................ 7 Enablers of power system flexibility ........................................................................................................... 10 Electricity networks remain a critical enabler of system flexibility ................................................................ 13 Battery energy storage systems ................................................................................................................ 16 Distributed energy resources ..................................................................................................................... 19 References .................................................................................................................................................... 24 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 26


Permeability plays an important role in governing the durability of concrete in deleterious environments. Previous permeability tests using water as the permeating medium have indicated that the addition of cellulose fibre is effective in reducing water permeability both in the presence and absence of stress and thereby making concrete more durable.

In this paper, further evidence was sought of pore-refinement in concrete reinforced with cellulose fibre using cryoporometry (CP) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) methods. Cryoporometry was carried out using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Two volume fractions – 0.1% and 0.3% – of a treated cellulose fibre were investigated. The results indicated a definite pore refinement due to cellulose fibre addition and a related improvement in durability.


This paper aimed to study the relationship among ventilation, heart rate, and respiratory exchange ratio with time (3 minutes, 6 minutes, all-out condition) in testing steady movement while putting 5% of one' s weight on an ankle. A total of Greco-Roman-style wrestling players in 'D' high school in Incheon were used as samples. They put 5% of their weight on their ankles and underwent a test on treadmill. The mean and standard deviation was calculated in each time frame, e.g., 3 minutes, 6 minutes, and all-out condition using the statistical package SPSS 10.0. Likewise, two-way ANOV A was used to determine the relationship among the variables, comparing the change in variables according to the trainings. The level of significance was set at P<0.05. The results of this study are as follows: 1. When one is in an all-out state of steadily increasing exercise, the heart rate and ventilation significantly increase according to the training time. However, they are not affected by the application of additional training. In addition, the change aspects of the two dependent variables are externally similar. 2. When one is in an all-out state of steadily increasing exercise, the heart rate and ventilation do not significantly increase with additional training. 3. When one is in an all-out state of steadily increasing exercise, the respiratory exchange ratio is significantly lower than that during normal training. 4. When one is in an all-out state of steadily increasing exercise, the respiratory exchange ratio increases significantly with time. However, they are not affected by the application of additional training.


The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of male lambs sexual condition on production and quality of wool. The lambs were kept under extensive system in natural pasture of the Pampa biome in Rio Grande do Sul State. The experiment was carried out with forty-nine male lambs, crossbred Corriedale x Texel. Animals were divided into three groups according to sexual condition: non-castrated (n=16), castrated (n=17) or cryptorchidism-induced (n=16). Lambs were sheared with 160 days of age. The analysis of variance was used as statistical test to evaluate the effect of sexual condition. The growth and length of wool fiber did not differ significantly between groups (P>0.05). The dirty fleece weight was not different between non-castrated and castrated male lambs (P>0.05), however both groups showed higher weight of dirty fleece compared with the cryptorchidism-induced group (P 0.05). It is concluded that the sexual condition of male lambs does not affect the wool qualitative characteristics. Cryptorchidism-induced lambs has lower dirty fleece weight than other groups.


ABSTRACT Measurement of dissolved ozone (O3) residual is critical for accurately determining O3 concentration-contact time product (CT) in order to establish pathogen removal credit. Higher concentrations of metals and organics in wastewater present more challenging conditions for on-line meters, requiring more frequent calibration and maintenance. This study evaluated the performance, maintenance, and cost of four commercially available over a 1-year period. Individual meter readings were compared to daily grab samples analyzed with an indigo trisulfonate method to determine O3 residual. Ease of maintenance and reliability of O3 residual measurements were key parameters in ranking the meters for monitoring ozone CT in a water reuse application.


This article examines the nuanced and open-ended representations of women in the fictional works of Premchand, one of the most versatile and popular Urdu-Hindi writers of the 1920s and 1930s. By looking into a wide range of his writings, it argues that Premchand's literary engagement with the women's question cannot be summarily understood through such binaries as 'conservative' or 'liberal/radical'. While the virtuous and compliant woman is valorised as an ideal within the domestic sphere in certain stories, Premchand's narratives in the nationalist mode foreground an alternative set of ideals for the urban, educated and middle-class Hindu woman. Far from being formulaic, Premchand's portrayals of womanhood seem to be shifting, tentative and thematically contingent.


The present study investigates the capability of different hysteresis models in representing the nonlinear behaviour of Recycled Rubber-Fibre Reinforced Bearings (RR-FRBs). A recently developed class of uniaxial phenomenological models is considered along with the Bouc-Wen Model (BWM). In particular, Bilinear Model (BM) and Exponential Model (EM), belonging to the class of above-mentioned phenomenological models, are used. The restoring force-displacement loops of RR-FRBs obtained from the different models are compared with the experimental studies retrieved from the literature. These first results show that the EM not only can accurately predict the behaviour of RR-FRBs, but it also requires a significantly lower computational time. Furthermore, to investigate the capability of the models in predicting the complete response of base-isolated structures, nonlinear time history analyses are carried out on a base-isolated rigid block with RR-FRBs. The response time histories of the rigid block and the restoring force-displacement loops obtained by using the EM are found to be in close agreement with the results obtained by adopting the BWM. In addition, the EM computational time is only 0.25 % of BWM. This clearly demonstrates the efficiency of EM in the seismic response analyses of base-isolated structures with RR-FRBs.


The site amplification factor at a soil site determined from regression analysis of strong motion data shows departure from that estimated by the coda method for weak motion except for rock site stations. The record at stiff-soil site station Gil roy #2 is analysed using the record at Gilroy #1 underlain by weathered sandstone as an input motion, assuming a 1-D non-linear model. The synthesized results show good agreement with observed records in both time histories and response spectra. The maximum surface accelerations are greater than the maximum base accelerations in the linear regime at low levels of input motion (PGA more or equal 0.3 g), including the cases of the 1979 Coyote Lake earthquake and 1984 Morgan Hill earthquake. At a higher level of input rock acceleration, the nonlinear effect diminished the peak acceleration at the surface and tended to saturate to a limit of about 0.4 g which is in agreement with the observed strong ground motions during the Loma Prieta earthquake (PGA=0.44 g) (AU)


Visualizations on the Web can help users to understand complex concepts, such as when too many objects of possible interest are present. For the purpose of evaluation of their usability, gaze tracking data represent a valuable source of information. These data are themselves complex, timevarying and in large quantities, thus posing challenges on their manipulation and visualization. We propose an infrastructure for collection and visualization of the gaze tracking data from dynamic Web applications. Its main purpose is to support researchers in UX (user experience) testing of their proposed interfaces (and visualizations). In the paper, we provide a user study on the usability of the infrastructure and compare it to existing solutions.


Focused on ESDP, this paper is part of a larger attempt at understanding the role of public opinion in shaping defense policy. Here we seek to identify the determinants of public support for ESDP. In contrast to public opinion vis-a-vis the EU in general, the literature on attitudes towards ESDP suggests that the explanatory power of sociodemographic and economic variables is weak, and focuses instead on national identity as the main determinant of one's support (Schoen 2008, Foucault and Irondelle 2009). In this paper, we explore the possible impact of strategic culture. We argue that preferences vis-a-vis ESDP are formed in part through pre-existing social representations of security. Rather than limiting ourselves to "national" strategic cultures, we propose four strategic (sub-) cultures, four ideational systems that contribute to explaining support for ESDP. Support for the European security and defense policy is very high. In 2007, more than three-quarters of Europeans (77 %) responded positively to the question: "For each proposition, please tell me if you are for or against: a common security and defense policy for the member States of the European Union", while 8 % did not give their opinion. This strong support, however, conceals the fact that the definition of ESDP remains very much in flux. For some, ESDP is associated to European unification and identity. For others, ESDP is primarily a civilian crisis management tool for


In this paper we consider implementation possibilities of an autopoietic information system for transparent, open and public political project management through a web interface as well as for further development of Internet democracy. We have developed proper documentation for such a system using the strategic planning of information systems (SPIS) framework. We show that it is possible to use this framework in strategic planning of social information systems that can potentially have a large number of users. In the end we give guidelines for the implementation of such a system.


LINICIANS have described marked falls C in arterial blood pressure when nitrous oxide (N20) is added to deep halothane anesthesia, falls which are reversed when the N 2 0 is withdrawn1-4 Animal studies have indicated myocardial depression from N20 alone"-? and when N20 is added to halothane.8 In man, however, cardiovascular investigations on the addition of 70 percent N 2 0 to halothane, ether, or fluroxene indicate an alpha-adrenergic stimulating effect which could either be a direct effect or a result of drug interaction.9-11 The present study, therefore, is an attempt to look at the human cardiovascular effects of N 2 0 alone without any modifying influences.


Organizational innovation has been considered as an important capability which influences on organizational competitiveness. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationships among strategic organizational innovation capability and sustainable competitiveness. The data were gathered towards the mailed questionnaire from 228 packaging businesses in Thailand. The results of the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis revealed that strategic organizational innovation capability had the positive effect on new product development, continuous organizational improvement and sustainable competitiveness. The results provided the deeper understanding of the role of strategic innovation capabilities for organizations. This study also offered the suggestions for the future research


The internationalization of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises doesn't any more constitute a strategy of development and growth, but rather an obligation to survive. Several ways are possible, but with different costs and levels of commitments. The aim of this research is to focus on the strategic alliance between SME and Large-Size Company, more collectively called "asymmetric alliance". This kind of link constitutes a category of alliance less studied until now (Cheriet on 2006) .It allows to treat the question of inter-firm networks (Rojot, on 2005) in which SME have many reasons to get implicated involved and the Large-Size company through middle managers will have important role to play. Our comparative study shows that this type of strategic alliance leads of considerable contributions in particular in networks and advice. Our empirical study shows the important roles playing by the middle manager for constitute alliance: "the defense of the strategic options ", "the synthesis of the information ","more easy adaptability" and finally "the implementation of the deliberated strategy".


The beta-binomial model that is generated by a simple mixture model has been commonly applied in the health, physical, and social sciences. In clinical and public health, overdispersion occurs due to biological variation between the subjects of interest. Both the binomial and beta-binomial models are applied to different problems occurring in rational test theory. In this study, we focused on modeling overdispersion for binomial distribution. The main aim was to show a complete and extensive understanding of the beta-binomial model and updated form by broaden its practical applications in the field of breast cancer with hormone medication. It is observed in different independent Bernoulli trials yes/no (xi=1, 0) experiments with success probabilities 0<p i< 1 and compare the model in a sequence of ni. The performance of the maximum likelihood estimates technique that is used in moderate and small samples ni by a Newton-Raphson iterative method using Matlab package. We have found that using hormones for other treatments have complication leading to breast cancer. We took 20 investigational testers in Hiwa Hospital for cancer treatment in Sulaymaniyah province, with proportion p i is varying from 9.7% to 50 %. In addition, we concluded that the beta-binomial theory is a good alternative of binomial model. This is due to the fact that the beta-binomial model has provided a robust estimate for events from heterogeneous binomial studies.


Over the last few decades, there have been many approaches aimed at developing a manager's wide range of capabilities and skills. In a recent article, Abrahams discusses the range of management development theories and justly states:


lines 27-31 (and also page 5 lines 105-106) needs to be 2 sentences. It is too complicated to read as it is. It is unclear from the abstract that LBW is the main outcome (currently states live birth weight). Also LBW needs to be defined as <2500 gm. Results need to start with a description move from methods eg Of 6147 full term, singleton, live births includes in the study, 193 (3.1%) were LBW. (This could also be added to the results section of the paper.) R: We apologize for the lack of clarity. We have rewritten the Abstract (lines 26– 29 and 39–40), Background (lines 104–108), and Methods (lines 195-197) to clarify these issues. Introduction Define acronyms, as above. R: We have defined all of the acronyms used in the Background as suggested. Lines 94-96 doesn't make sense perhaps?: Ha and colleagues[12] showed that air pollution in the first trimester of pregnancy was a risk factors for LBW. ? Lines 100-101 doesn't make sense what assumption. Please rewrite this sentence Lines 105-106 needs to be 2 sentences. It is too complicated to read as it is. R: We apologize for the confusing text. We have made the suggested changes in the Background (lines 92–98, 99–102, and 103–107). Methods Para 1please respond to the reviewer (Bannister-Tyrrell, #4&5 Compulsory revisions) by adding a comment about the potential confounding by seasonal effects on air pollution. This is reported in the response but not in the paper. R: This information has been added to the text (line 186). Para 2 needs to be reorganized as it does not flow well. There were 6147births and when records with missing data were excluded there were still 6147 births. Lines 132-135 are unclear and need to be revised exclusion of preterm births is an important point. Delete 'or otherwise". R: We appreciate these suggestions and have made the suggested changes. However, we believe that the editor meant paragraph 3 and not paragraph 2 with regard to reorganization. We have also clarified the information on lines 128–131 of the original manuscript. CATT-BRAMS please respond to Bannister-Tyrrell #7 how was exposure allocated to women? Was this based on their residence or the place where they gave birth? Is it possible for women to give birth in one municipality but reside in another and so get an incorrect exposure? If so, this needs to be added as a potential limitation of the study. Perhaps there is information about residential mobility (or lack of it) in Brazil. R: We have added information on how exposure was allocated to women to the revised text in the methods (line 149-167). Line 159 what variable? R: We appreciate suggestions and made changes in line 157-158: "which was also categorized into 0-3 ou 4 or more". Line 161 delete "for trimester" as it is redundant R: We have deleted the phrase "for trimester". Add that method of gestational age determination is unknown as requested by reviewer Glinianaia. This information has been added to lines 177–180. Line 192 state that grouping <20 and >40 year old women was an a priori decision (as requested by reviewer Glinianaia) as it makes no sense to most readers. R: We appreciate the editor's comment and have clarified this grouping decision (lines 187–191). Bannister-Tyrell comment #3 is not addressed in the text issues of seasonality are largely ignored perhaps month of birth (or conception) should have been included in the models? Nowhere is it mentioned that season has been examined so it needs to be added. Season of birth could be included in Tables 2 and 3 using the same month groupings Table 1. R: We would like to emphasize that matters of seasonality were not ignored. Since the variable "month of birth" was included in the univariate analysis, whereas no association was found with statistically bpn. Thus, we opted for parsimony of presentation of tables and their inclusion in the table include only two and three related to pregnancy and childbirth variables. The seasonality considerations were included in lines 181-186, as follows: "The seasonal variation in PM2.5 and CO derived from biomass burning is an important confounder for LBW. Therefore, the variable of "month of birth" was used as an indicator variable in the exploratory analysis because its association with LBW was evaluated in univariable analysis and it was not found to be significant (p<0.20), which could justify its inclusion in the regression model". Results Please add a sentence or two of description about Table 1 this appears to show seasonal variation? What are the seasons and burning patterns? R: We have added the requested information on what table 1 shows and information on seasons and burning to the revised manuscript (lines 210-212). Table 1: add rows for the median and IQR for each pollutant in each year as requested by reviewer Glinianaia. R: These rows have been added to Table 1 as suggested. Revise paragraph 1 by Adding: Of 6147 full term, singleton, live births includes in the study, 193 (3.1%) were LBW. Of these, 52% were male infants, 40% of mothers had >=8 years of education...... (Table 2). R: We have added this information to paragraph 2 ( lines 213-216) of the Results. Table 3 education is still inconsistently reported, use <7 years and >=8 years throughout There is an ongoing issue about the multivariable analysis Table 3 clearly shows that all factors are included (including type of delivery) in at least one model (all have adjusted ORs) the methods need to be revised to make this clear. R: We have ensured that the definition of education is consistent throughout the manuscript (in the text and Tables 2 and 3). We have revised the Methods to clarify that all of the variables shown in Table 3 were included in multivariable analysis. (Tables 2-3, in the lines 152–158 and 209-218).


In order to reduce the cost of indoor localization system for autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) and to enhance the localization efficiency, this paper presents a localization approach using sequential time of flight (STOF) measurements from a single receiver to localize AMRs in indoor environments. The STOF is a series of TOF measurements that are acquired by the mobile source in sequence. Combined with the pose estimation obtained from the Dead Reckoning (DR) method, the STOF measurements from a single receiver can be adapted and applied to the trilateration localization model to determine the indoor position of the AMRs. Based on the error analysis of the STOF localization, a double-layer Kalman filter (DLKF) is proposed to fuse multiple STOF localization results and further improve the localization accuracy. In the computer simulation experiments, an average±20 mm positioning accuracy is attained with the presence of simulated noise that is similar to the realistic sensor noise in magnitude. The simulation results indicate the effectiveness and the potential value of the proposed localization scheme in the practical indoor localization application.


Abstract The distribution range of the Near Threatened Marco Polo argali, or Marco Polo sheep, Ovis ammon polii is restricted to the Pamir Mountains, spanning Afghanistan, Tajikistan, China and Pakistan. Until the early 1970s the Marco Polo argali was abundant in northern areas of Pakistan, particularly in the Khunjerab and Misgar Valleys around the Pamir Knot, bordering China, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. In Pakistan the subspecies now occurs only in one small watershed, in Khunjerab National Park, bordering China, which it visits sporadically during summer. We used map-based questionnaire surveys, double-observer surveys and camera trapping in a search for Marco Polo argali in the Pakistani Pamirs. We observed a herd of 19 individuals in Karachanai Nallah, in Khunjerab National Park, in 2012. The population that was formerly present in the Misgar Valley appears to have been extirpated, presumably as a result of anthropogenic factors such as poaching, competition with livestock, habitat disturbance, and the construction of a fence along the international border with China. Transboundary migration and range expansion into Pakistan could be facilitated by removal of the border fence adjacent to the Kilik–Mintika area and by limiting livestock grazing in former lambing areas.


This paper presents a supervised classification framework that integrates discrete wavelet transform (DWT) based spectral and textural features for the urban land cover classification using hyperspectral data. Investigations involved application of 1-D DWT along the wavelength dimension of the hyperspectral data followed by 2-D DWT along spatial dimensions for spectral and texture feature extraction respectively. The combined spectral textural feature set is used for classification. The pixel wise classification on ROSIS data using SVM reveals that integration of spectral and textural information can better characterize the urban areas and statistically significantly improves the classification accuracy.


The novel disulfamethoxazole diaquo Ni(II) monohydrate, [Ni(sulfamethoxazole)2(H2O)2]· H2O, was synthesized, characterized by infrared and electronic spectroscopies and the crystal structure determined. The compound crystallized in the monoclinic centrosymmetric space group P21/c, with four asymmetric units per unit cell. The nickel atoms are in slightly distorted regular octahedra, coordinated by four nitrogen atoms, two from N-arylamine and two from N-sulfonamide with the apical positions occupied by two oxygen atoms from the water molecules.


In the 1960s, a few public service broadcasting corporations started creating special programmes for immigrants. This development was often related to immigrant integration policies in European nations. Between 1962 and 1992, a group of journalists from Radio della Svizzera Italiana - the Swiss Italian-speaking radio - organised a special programme for Italians in Switzerland: Per i lavoratori italiani in Svizzera. Utilising a wide-ranging network of correspondents and profiting from an intensive exchange with Italian immigrants, this radio broadcast was supposed to
help the immigrants in their daily life. In this paper, I shall firstly explain the position of radio and television broadcasting on immigration. Secondly, I will take a closer look at the correspondence between listeners and radio journalists between 1960 and 1970, which was a controversial period for the Swiss debate on foreign workers. What are the topics in this correspondence? What are the journalists responses? My thesis is that Per i lavoratori italiani in Svizzera developed a «broadcasting pact» with Italian immigrants and aimed at overcoming structural and functional marginalisation of this social group.


The present study examines students' positive mental characters,including wisdom and knowledge, courage,humanity,temperance and transcendence in severely earthquake-striken areas of Sichun Province.The results indicate that:(1) the scores of six measurements of the positive mental characters are all theoretically in the middle level;(2) the score of boys on the wisdom and knowledge is significantly higher than that of girls,while the score of girls on humanity is higher than that of boys.The scores of secondary students on wisdom and knowledge,courage, humanity and transcendence are significantly higher than those of primary students;(3) students who are in mroe severe earthquake-stricken areas perform better on courage and transcendence dimensions;(4) students who accepted psychological assistance after earthquake perform worse that those who did not on the dimension of temperance.The author finally makes an analysis on the investigation results to provide some suggestions for the effective psychological construction of students after earthquake.


When the client terminal device via a proxy server to communicate with the content server, so that its history can be seen. Menu page request is sent to the proxy server from the terminal device. The menu pages are embedded links to the content server, data representing the menu page in which the link destination URL is resolved is transmitted to the terminal device. When the web page of the link destination that is embedded in the menu page is requested, be returned to the pre-conversion of the linked URL in the proxy server, the web page is requested to the content server. Requested web page from the terminal device is stored in the proxy server, the history can be seen even with a request from the terminal device to the web pages of a plurality of content servers.


Despite the 1970s middle-class feminist dream that women could have it all—families characterized by equitable distributions of household labor and interesting careers—the decades since have told a different story. In the U.S. context of a neoliberal labor market and privatized systems of family care, mothers still struggle to negotiate the conflicting demands of family and employment, particularly when caring for children with disabilities. Though an extensive literature examines labor market participation for mothers of children with disabilities, few scholars have examined the emotional impact of their altered career plans. Drawing from a sample of 40 single- and two-parent families, the author examines mothers' accounts of care for children with disabilities, focusing on their emotional experiences of their changed employment trajectories.


Service features assessment of their quality has certain characteristics. The quality of services and hence the satisfaction degree of consumers' needs are determined by the qualifications, competence, discipline of personnel serving, but also by the organizing capacity of the sector. For consumers the serving time is a quality aspect of live, an element that indicates the satisfaction degree of consumers' needs. To assess the satisfaction degree of President restaurant customers regarding the takeover order  by  waiters we used a specific quality management tool that allows comparison of trial results with the requirements set out above and identification of the extent to which the process has good results and to which  point there are deviations to the limits set in requirements. After the selection of analyzed process and variables respectively, the time (in minutes) needed to take order we proceeded to collect relevant data during the period 1 to 2 May 2010, when 54 observations were made. The scheduled requirement was that making order should be performed within no more than 10 minutes from a list-menu presentation. The results showed a relatively large number of observations that have not met the target. Measures are necessary to reorganize the serving activity in order to reduce the waiter's taking order time so that they fall within specified limits.


Objective To research the effects of scorpion venom on the multiplication of Bel-7404 human liver cancer cells and activity of hTERTmRNA.Methods The depressive effects of different concentrations of scorpion venom solution on the Bel-7404 liver cancer cells which were cultured in vitro were tested over 72 hours with MTT and the expression of hTERTmRNA was tested by RT-PCR.Results MTT results showed scorpion venom could depress the proliferation and induce death of Bel-7404 human liver cancer cells,which was related to the concentration of the scorpion venom solution.Also,scorpion venom could depress the expression of hTERTmRNA.Conclusion scorpion venom can restrain the activity of hTERTm and induce death of cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of hTERTmRNA,it may be one of the anti-cancer mechanisms of scorpion venom.


Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1962. 301. $5-75This book is a significant contribution to die scarce political literature on Thailand. It is extremely well written and well documented. It reveals much painstaking research and considerable observation of political life in the country and it presents both a historical and an analytical description of the internal workings of the Thai political system. Unfortunately, some portions of the book are not as scholarly as other writings on Thailand by the same author. There are a few errors of historical fact and several serious contradictions. For example, Pridi became Regent just before, not just after the Japanese invasion in December, 1941. Phibun's irredentist efforts in 1940 did not regain title to former Thai territory in French Indochina. This territory was given to Thailand only after the intervention of the Japanese. The author labels die tradition of the absolute monarchy as "splendid" but explains the onerous life involved in the extensive system of slavery and corvee labor that prevailed until the early twentieth century. He states that the Thai people look to their own history "as a source of inspiration," yet the highly influential King Chulalongkorn "looked abroad for his inspiration." Perhaps most serious is his assessment of the political system in Thailand as "successful." This is a very questionable value-judgment for a system which has no representative legislature, rests primarily on military power, relies on coups d' etats for succession to political power, rules by martial law, maintains a rigid censorship of die press, and has several hundred political prisoners. The major deficiency in the book, however, is in the interpretation of important aspects of Thai political development. The author ex337


The Purple Martin (Progne subis) is recognized as a species of special concern by the California Department of Fish and Game (1992) as a result of substantial population and range declines in the state. The population that currently nests in overpasses and elevated freeways ("bridges") in Sacramento, California, is recognized as the only remnant of the formerly widespread Central Valley population (Airola and Grantham 2003). Based on estimates made by Williams (1998), the Sacramento population comprises 10-15% of the martin nesting population in the state. Surveys conducted intermittently from 1992 until 2003 revealed that the Sacramento martin population was relatively small (154 nesting pairs), occupied only 10 individual sites, and was slowly increasing (Leeman et aI. 2003). The small number of pairs and occupied sites, and their locations in transportation structures in an urban area, makes the species susceptible to disturbance and loss (Airola and Grantham 2003). We continued population monitoring in 2004 to estimate numbers of breeding pairs and number of occupied sites. We report these results and compare them to previous surveys to assess the population trend. We also report on 2004 observations at a site in the City of Davis, Yolo County, first occupied in 2003. We also describe observed mechanisms for colonizing new sites. Other 2004 work on nest site competition with the European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris), effectiveness of management methods, and overwinter and migratory survival of banded martins will be reported elsewhere.


Abstract Sun dried (30 to 35 C) manure of adult fowl, pig, cow, or sheep was used to replace 5, 10, 15, and 20% of the maize in corn-peanut base diets for started broiler and pullet replacement chicks and for laying pullets. The manure of the fowl followed by that of the cow were superior to that of pig and of sheep in replacing up to 15% of maize (7.5% of the whole diet) for the different categories of birds used in the experiment. The beneficial effects of the poultry and cow manure were manifested most prominently on growth rate of the chicks and on egg production of the layers which were either comparable with or higher than those of the control. The mineral contents of the manure of the fowl and pig appeared to be beneficial in maintaining egg size and shell thickness. However these types of manure tended to reduce the intensity of egg yolk color.


The advent of the new Rouge National Urban Park in Toronto's northeast corner offers an important moment to reflect on many contested elements of national park politics, including ideas of wilderness and ecological integrity, changing articulations of nation and nature, the effects of neo-liberalization, and the role of parks in a globalizing, urbanizing environment. In addition, however, the Rouge highlights the intersecting question of plant/human relations, specifically concerning the rapid spread of the so-called aggressive invasive species dog-strangling vine (Cynanchum rossicum, known as DSV) in many portions of the park. DSV acutely calls into question ideas of nature and nation undergirding Parks Canada's mandate, and in so doing, demands that we attend to the actual physical and political history of the Rouge, the ways that history has afforded DSV with ideal conditions for its flourishing, the limits of current biopolitical discourses of invasive species management, and, for the new Rouge Park, the need for a more thoughtful, respectful, democratic approach to plant/human relations and to larger questions about what an urban park might be.


"Hold it straight, Jenny Marie," her grandmother said. "Momaw'll notice if we get this seam crooked. It'll be the first thing she'll see when she comes in the door." Eva Elizabeth paused and glanced at her granddaughter, who had dropped her arms to her side. "You feeling OK, honey? Is the baby thumping again?" "Naw, he's quiet now," twenty-year-old Jenny Marie said, rubbing her protruding stomach. "One more month and he'll be here." "It's gonna be a girl," Eva Elizabeth said. "I just know it." "The ultra-sound said it's gonna be a boy, Grandmother." "She could've had her tiny little finger between her legs," Eva Elizabeth said with a smile. "Now don't talk dirty," Jenny Marie said, laughing. "Huh. Doctors don't know everything. Besides you're carrying the baby down low where girls always lay by this time." Eva Elizabeth paused after brushing on the piece of wallpaper. She stepped back a few feet and looked at the seam to be sure that it was straight. "If it's a girl, name her Grace Anna. Grace Anna would be a pretty name for a little baby girl." Jenny Marie said nothing, then dipped the brush into a bucket of paste. She bent over the table and spread paste on the piece of wallpaper her grandmother had just finished measuring and cutting. Then she straightened her back and rubbed it vigorously with both hands.


Russia is the largest natural gas reserves holder in the world, with 43.3 trillion cubic meters (tcm) accounting for 23 percent of world's proved reserves. Russia produces about 10-11.5 percent of world total primary energy supply (TPES), which is five-times more than its share in world population and GDP. This appears to be indicative of a position of economic strength, but at the same time this means that Russia is susceptible to the overall dependence of its economy on the profits for export of energy resources. The phenomenon of the dependence on exports of raw materials is well-known. It can be referred to as the Dutch disease, or more narrowly, a resource curse. It can be argued that Russia is now suffering from such a problem. The purpose of this paper is to look at the new trends in Russian energy policy, and particularly export routes diversification efforts, and examine whether some problems that appeared in Europe can be avoided on the Asian front. In this respect an interesting analogy can be made with gas exports from the Netherlands in the 1960s and 70s, which marked a start of European gas market integration. The objective of this paper is study the experiences of the Netherlands in establishing the rules of the game in an embryonic market and examine to what extent this experience can logically be used by Russia in the East.


Regulatory science is the practice of using the scientific method to gather information and develop new tools to inform the decision-making process of federal regulators. In 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, proposed new initiatives to promote enhanced regulatory science efforts. The focus of these efforts was the advancement of biomedical research to improve patient safety and treatments. Communication scholars have weighed in on efforts related to communications policy through the subfields of political, health, and media communication. Likewise, a role for communication science certainly exists in regulatory science work. This commentary identifies several areas where communication scholars can leverage their expertise in regard to regulatory science research. Although this commentary uses tobacco regulatory science and electronic cigarettes (one segment of a large trend of emerging tobacco products) as an illustration, the purpose of the commentary is to encourage communication researchers to consider their role in regulatory science more broadly.


A first step for finding out energy efficient solutions. A tool to validate experimentally the energy efficiency. A high measuring frequency (up to 1000 Hz). A fine-grained power consumption: power consumption for each component. Monitoring power consumption External by OmegaWatt (Up to 1 Hz). Internal by PowerMon 2 (Up to 1000 Hz). Correlating internal and external measures to deduct: Global power consumption inside the computing system. Power consumption of fan and power supply.


According to current law, judical police officers should transfer all criminal cases to public prosecutor after closing investigation. This is principle of mandatory transfer. So criminal justice agencies are overloaded. We are only focused on closing the case quickly and sending out it out of the procedure. It is an exit strategy. According to current law, police are the object of distrust. This paper insists that we should grant diversion power and trust to judical police officers. This diversion power means a discretionary power to release suspects. This can be compared to the discretionary power of prosecutor whether or not to prosecute.
There are two types of police diversion. The one is principle of discretionary booking or charging criminal case. It is necessary to control the influx of criminal cases at the early stage of criminal procedure. Despite victim's complaint, it is necessary to arrange for the police to autonomously judge whether or not to investigate criminal case. It is an entrance strategy.
The other is principle of discretionary transfer. To strengthen the responsibility of investigation, it is necessary to arrange for the police to autonomously judge whether or not to send the case to the public prosecutors. It is principle of discretionary transferring criminal case to the public prosecutor.


Though the direction of causality in our model runs from order flow to price (as is true of microstructure theory generally), there is a popular alternative hypothesis that involves reverse causality, namely feedback trading. This section examines whether feedback trading can account for our results. We begin with some perspective. Most models of feedback trading are based on non-rational behavior of some kind, making them less appealing to many economists on a priori grounds. Models of feedback trading that do not rely on non-rational behavior generally require that returns be forecastable using the first lag of returns, which is not a property of major floating exchange rates (and is not a property of our hourly data either—see Table 1, row iii). Accordingly, the class of feedback trading models that might be relevant here is the non-rational class.1 Existing empirical evidence on feedback trading in foreign exchange is scant. Valid instruments for identifying returns-chasing order flow have not been employed and it is not clear which variables would qualify. One piece of relevant evidence is provided by Killeen et al. (2001). Using daily data on foreign exchange order flow, they find that order flow Granger causes returns but returns do not Granger cause order flow. This evidence is purely statistical, however, and applies at the daily frequency, so its message (though suggestive) is not definitive for the issue in this paper. Our approach here is to pose and address the following question: Suppose intra-hour (i.e., contemporaneous in hourly data) positive-feedback trading is


The proposed work aims at designing routing method and data compression algorithm for WSN's. An ad-hoc network (WANET) is considered and based on certain criteria the data is forwarded dynamically. Various parameters such as Compression Ratio, Packet Delivery Rate, Energy consumption are considered to determine the efficiency of the network. One of the primary parameters to be considered in the configuration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is the energy consumption of the nodes and the data throughput. Since the nodes are controlled by batteries with lower energy limit, it is required to minimize the energy utilization. Henceforth a proficient routing technique in light of LEACH protocol is proposed alongside the utilization of A-LEC data compression strategy. The simulations are carried out through Network Simulator 2 (NS2). The compression code is written in GNU-C.


The utility model provides a reciprocating fuel generator, in particular to a generator which generates the power by using the reciprocating motion of a piston of an internal combustion engine. The generator is not required to convert the reciprocating motion of the internal combustion engine into the circumferential motion; a magnet is driven by a piston to continuously reciprocate in a cylinder-typed cylinder, therefore, the magnetic lines of the magnet continuously cut the generation coil and leads the current to be generated in the coil; the current can be used or stored by rectification and transformation. The reciprocating fuel generator can be applied to field operation, electric automobiles or general spare power supply.


(57) Abstract: In the waveform retainer for Objective ball bearing, to prevent damage to the rivet. [Configuration] shank of the rivet 4 12 includes a cylindrical portion 13 which is press-fitted to the first waveform annular plate 1 of the rivet hole 9 provided on the base side of the head 11, is contiguous and distal to the cylindrical portion 13 and a conical portion 14 tapered to be crushed or crimped in. The axial length L1 of the cylindrical portion 13, the first waveform annular plate 1 It is set to a size smaller than the thickness H. The first waveform annular plate 1 is cured after the rivet 4 is mounted. Thus, in addition to the ball of the proceeds tensile due to a delay or compressive stress in use is not concentrated on the boundary between the cylindrical portion 13 and the conical portion 14 of the rivet 4, the rivet 4 at the time of the rivet 4 pressed against the first waveform annular plate 1 hardly scraping.


The paper is devoted to an experimental Test Bed for tokamak plasma control system simulations in real time as a part of a plasma control system design cycle in tokamaks. Control problems of tokamak plasmas are described. The Test Bed consists of target PCs (Intel Pentium III 700 MHz / 256 Mb RAM / 1 PCI Ethernet Board) for simulation of a MIMO plant and a controller on a real-time operating system called xPC Target from MathWorks and a workstation (Host PC) with the MATLAB/Simulink development environment. This environment allows the automatic code generation from plant and controller models to run them in real-time on Target PCs. Simulink Coder from MathWorks is responsible for the code generation process. Two Target PCs are connected via Raw Ethernet. Two plasma shape and current MIMO H∞ control systems were designed and simulated on the Test Bed specifically for tokamaks T-15 (the major plasma radius, R=1.48 m, the minor plasma radius, a=0.67 m, the plasma current, Ip=2 MA, the toroidal field, BT=2 T, the vertical instability growth time, τ=1.89 ms) and ITER (R=6.2 m, a=2 m, Ip=15 MA, BT=5.3 T, τ=125 ms) on linear DINA-L plasma models obtained from nonlinear plasma physics DINA code on the plasma current flat-top phase. The real time Test Bed simulation results are presented for both tokamaks when minor disruptions occur.


One of the strengths of the IEEE/EMBS has been its ability to tie together industry, academia and government, both in medicine and in engineering aspects of bioengineering. One would expect that when dealing with "high technology'f, as we do, that interaction would be primarily between academia and NIH. Yet from the very start industry has been heavily involved. The very inception of our society involved people such as Vladimir Zworykin and Les Flory of RCA, Hector Skifter of Airborne Instruments Laboratories, and Barough Berkovitz, then of American Optical Corp. Many of the early apparatus prototypes of what are now million-dollar commercial products were first reported in our journal. In this paper we will consider the history of 1) the implantable cardiac pacemaker, 2) the lithium battery, and lastly, 3) A current development, the implantable defibrillator and its innovative power source.


Ni'matul Khasanah. G251060011. Water Status and Radiation Environment in Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) Systems: A comparison between monoculture and mixed rubber-Acacia mangium. Under supervisory of Dr. Tania June and Dr. Thomas Wijaya. Interplanting of Acacia mangium within rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plot may be an attractive option for smallholder rubber farmers in the tropics to increase their land productivity. Indeed, economic prospect for timber is good as timber resource in natural forest has become severely depleted and particularly so in Sumatra where this study is conducted. Light competition with rubber trees may occur as A. mangium being a very fast growing tree species. Thus, careful planting timing and management of A. mangium is probably required to reduce light competition with rubber trees. Furthermore a large portion of rubber planted area in Indonesia is subject to two or more dry months, water competition may occur in such condition. Competition for water use between tree species in periods of low rainfall may be another constraint to growth of the rubber tree. In other word, light and water competition are two forms of competition which can not be prevented in having mixed systems of H. brasiliensis – A. mangium. This study compares a series of growth response, either morphological or physiological parameters measured on rubber trees grown either in monoculture (6 x 3.3 m and 6 x 2 x 14 m) or mixed with A. mangium (3 x 3 x 17 m). In the fifth year after plot establishment, variation in the growth of rubber was analyzed in relation to leaf water potential (LWP), light interception by canopy and light use efficiency (LUE). LWP was used as an indicator of plant water status, but also as indicator of competitive strength. Predawn LWP of rubber shows significant differences between rainy and dry season. LWP of A. mangium is much lower than rubber. However, LWP of rubber under different systems studied does not show any consistent difference. On the other hand, even though the LUE of rubber trees in mixed systems with A. mangium does not show significant different compare to monoculture systems, but the biomass and light intercepted of rubber trees in mixed systems with A. mangium was significantly smaller compare to monoculture systems. Thus, the net effect of A. mangium on depressing rubber growth is likely to be primarily caused by shading. Result of WaNuLCAS model simulation shows that management option to have delay of planting of A.mangium to the planting of H. brasiliensis shows significantly effect on the growth of H. Brasiliensis. If delay of planting of A.mangium reaches 5 years, year of tapping of H. brasiliensis almost the same to the monoculture systems. Planting A. mangium on the same year with H. brasiliensis or having delay of planting of A.mangium less than 5 years should be follows by harvesting of A. mangium. The longer delay of planting of A.mangium, the faster H. brasiliensis reach year of tapping but the longer year of harvesting A. mangium.


@ In a series of recent studies, the dispositional source-message orientation of communication recipients has been found to interact with source and message variables of the communication situation to account for differential attitude change. Source-oriented persons, defined as those who generally tend to be more concerned than others with the source rather than the message of communications, have been found more responsive than others to such source variables as likableness and attractiveness. Message-oriented recipients, on the other hand, have shown greater attitude change related to how well the arguments in a message are substantiated. Such evidence supports the basic conceptualization that source-oriented per-


Phase-rotation is an alternative method to phase-cycling in acquisition of magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. Hennig was the first to propose a new method to acquire localised spectroscopic data, where by various scans are stored as rows in a two-dimensional (2D) matrix, which is then doubly Fourier transformed (FT) and a specific row is extracted to represent the 1D spectrum. Phase-rotation was also implemented in a STEAM pulse sequence . The aim of the present work is to implement the phase-roation technique on a high Bo whole body magnet.


interaction provided by artisan guilds, wealthy patrons, or market-conscious entrepreneurs, there are still observable guiding patterns and criteria for artistic production. Generally speaking, Isoko artist and audience/patron interaction is informal, with control of the product primarily in the artists' hands; however, in the following observations of a broad range of Isoko art forms, I will elaborate on some significant dimensions to this picture.' The Isoko of the northwestern Niger Delta fringe are usually grouped with the Edo and Edo-related peoples of southern Nigeria, such as the Urhobo, Ishan, and northern Edo clans. Bounded by the


We explore the usage of pulse sequence optimization to boost the quantum properties of topological defects in molecular graphenoids at high temperatures. We reach spin-lattice relaxation times on the same order as those of the best quantum devices in the literature, ∼1 ms at room temperature. The coherence time is shown to be heavily affected by the hyperfine interaction and by the high concentration of hydrogen atoms in particular. We test and compare the applicability and performance of different decoupling sequences in enhancing the coherence, identifying the best-performing sequences for the purposes of robust state initialization and coherence optimization. Coherence times up to 30 μs are reached, and we provide insight into the system-environment interaction mechanisms, with a semiclassical model that considers the nuclear bath as a source of a classical random noise and the dynamical decoupling as a filter function. Full deconvolution of the noise spectrum of the bath is obtained, and we show the noise density has a Lorentzian shape whose parameters describe the nuclear-bath dynamics. 13