An all optical implementation of quantum information processing with semiconductor macroatoms is presented. Our quantum hardware consists of an array of semiconductor quantum dots and the computational degrees of freedom, i.e. the qubits, are energy-selected interband optical transitions. The proposed quantum-computing scheme exploits exciton–exciton interactions driven by ultrafast sequences of multi-colour laser pulses. Contrary to existing proposals based on charge excitations, the present all-optical implementation does not require the application of time-dependent electric fields, thus allowing for a sub-picosecond, i.e. decoherence-free, operation time-scale in realistic state-of-the-art semiconductor nanostructures. Moreover, the fully-optical character of the proposed gating scheme makes it an ideal candidate for the realization of all-optical computing networks. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Introduction: A new, simple, precise, accurate, and reproducible method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride (MH) and Pravastatin Sodium (PS) in pure form.
Methodology: Simultaneous estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride (MH) and Pravastatin Sodium (PS) was estimated by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry using the absorbance subtraction method. The method was based on the measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths 232 nm and 238 nm, of metformin and Pravastatin Sodium respectively. These studies were performed at three different levels (75%, 100%, and 125%) and the % recovery of MH and PS was calculated.
Results: The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.481 μg/ml and 0.670μg/ml for MH and 1.15μg/ml and 1.68μg/ml for PS respectively. All the statically analyses were within the standard limits. It proves that the method was repeatable and selective for the simultaneous.
Conclusion: Therefore, the present study concludes that it can be successfully used for simultaneous estimation of MH and PS in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The developed method was found to be simple, precise, and accurate.


The phosphatizing technique at room temperature is studied and used successfully for turbine lubricating oil tank and pipeline in 200MW generating unit. The experiment results of oil liquid rust test and parallel soak test show that this phosphatizng technique doesn't affect turbine oil quality; the phosphatizing film is assessed by electrochemistry and CuSO_4 solution drop test method. This phosphatizing technique can use at 4℃ in practice, its phosphatizing film is compact and full, and has excellent anti-corrosion performance, the corrosion coupon which phosphatized with this phosphatizing technique has no corrosion within 400 days in room. So this phosphatizing technique can satisfy demand of turbine lubricating oil tank and pipeline phosphatization in thermal power plant.


P246 Forecast of Oil and Gas Presence and Accumulations Based on the Depth Criteria Obtained from DSS and Seismic Tomography A. Salnikov* (Siberian Research Institute of Geol. Geoph. & Min.) V.L. Kuznetsov (Siberian Research Institute of Geol. Geoph. & Min.) V.M. Markov (Siberian Research Institute of Geol. Geoph. & Min.) & V.V. Titarenko (Siberian Research Institute of Geol. Geoph. & Min.) SUMMARY Relation between the structural features of the Earth's crust and upper mantle and oil and gas presence in the platform-type structures is established. Depth criteria of forecasting the oil and gas presence in the platform-type regions with mainly


The interaction of activated CD44 with its ligand, low m.w. hyaluronan, is involved in inflammation, but no role has been identified for this interaction in the regulation of an immune response to infection. In these studies, infection of C57BL/6 mice with Toxoplasma gondii resulted in increased expression of CD44 on T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages, and a small percentage of CD4 1 T cells express an activated form of CD44. Administration of anti-CD44 to infected mice prevented the development of a CD4 1 T cell-dependent, infection-induced inflammatory response in the small intestine characterized by the overproduction of IFN- g . The protective effect of anti-CD44 treatment was associated with reduced production of IFN- g , but not IL-12, in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the addition of low m.w. hyaluronan to cultures of splenocytes or purified CD4 1 T cells from infected mice resulted in the production of high levels of IFN- g , which was dependent on IL-12 and TCR stimulation. Together, these results identify a novel role for CD44 in the regulation of IFN- g production by CD4 1 T cells during infection and demonstrate a role for CD44 in the regulation of infection-induced immune pathology. The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 166: 5726–5732.


Water level dynamics of Wetlands are influenced by both climate change and human activities. Understanding the influence characteristics is important for the management of wetland water resources and ecology. Based on the water level dynamic and precipitation of the Baiyangdian Wetland, and the NPI index, the paper analyzes the response characteristics of the water level dynamic to the precipitation, and the teleconnections between the water level dynamic and the NPI by adopting method of wavelet analysis. Results show that climate change plays an important role on the response of the water level dynamic to the precipitation and also to the NPI, and human activities can significantly change the response characteristics. The response time lags of the water level dynamics to the NPI is longer than that of the water level dynamics to the precipitations, which indicates that the wetland precipitation might be partially influenced by the NPI. The knowledge of the response characteristics obtained in the paper is beneficial for water conservancy and control of the wetland, and is favorable for the sustainable development of its eco-environment.


Based on the process of batch planning in a ERW (Electric Resistance Weld ) pipe manufacturing enterprise, an optimization model for batch planning is researched with the Theory of Constraints and an effective algorithm based on the genetic algorithm (GA) is offered according to the characteristic of optimization problem. Finally, an actual example is provided to validate the proposed model. The results proved in this paper is useful and practical in improving batch planning.


The proposed article introduces the problem of communicative fiasco that occurs in the process of cross-cultural communication, makes insight into the issue. In the research the author makes an attempt to reveal the reasons of verbal communicative breakdowns with the consideration of non-verbal factors. The analysis allows to single out such ―areas‖ in which failures and conflicts are most likely to emerge in the process of cross-cultural interaction. The following work has both a theoretical and practical value for teachers of English as a foreign language and for all those who are interested in the problems of intercultural communication.


After the entry into the WTO, China encountered two type s of barriers: relative and absolute green barriers, partly due to the vulnerability, weak foundation and en vironment in resisting the green barrier, and the trade protection of the importing countries . Therefore, we should distinguish the two types of barriers, explore the reasons why our export s cannot surpass these barriers and adopt different countermeasures.


We consider the class of formulas on which the method of analytic tableaux was first shown to be intractable, and we show that with applications of the ordinary distributive law tableau methods admit linear time proofs for this class.
We introduce a new class of formulas that are intractable for tableaux (even with the distributive law), and we demonstrate that path dissolution admits linear proofs of these formulas. Modifications of the tableau method are described that would render this class tractable. Since dissolution is linear on this class, these results demonstrate that dissolution cannot be p-simulated by the method of analytic tableau.


Psychology as a human and social field plays a crucial role for peace building processes in Colombia as it implies a wide platform of knowledges and practices addressing to the comprehension and intervention of subjective processes. Victims attention and services along with DDR processes of different armed groups are some of the challenges for the professionals involved in the transition from pain and protracted violence of a society that hasn't had much time to provide meaning to a war lasting more than 60 years. Psychology 54 Diana Marcela Agudelo Ortiz Estudios de la Paz y el Conflicto, Revista Latinoamericana, IUDPAS-UNAH, Número Especial 1, 2019, pp. 53-65. DOI: 10.5377/rlpc.v0i0.9503 is one of the most popular careers in Colombia, thus professional education in this field requires a lot of work in terms of debate and problematization of its own links with justice pursuit and on how it contributes to peace building and social fabric reconstruction. Palabras clave Psychology; Education for peace; Peace agreements Colombia.


Background Because younger women have an increased risk of cancer following radiation exposure with CT scanning, they might benefit from an alternative diagnostic strategy for suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods We investigated the safety and efficacy of a diagnostic strategy consisting of clinical probability, D-dimer assay, chest X-ray and perfusion-scintigraphy in women aged <50 years with suspected PE, in order to reduce the number of CT-scans. This strategy was analyzed in two cohorts of consecutive patients with suspected PE, in which perfusion-scans and chest X-rays were combined (X/Q-scan). We calculated the predictive accuracy and the proportion of women in whom CT could be avoided. Results The prevalence of PE was 20% and 19% for the first and second cohort, respectively. In the first cohort, 44% (95% confidence interval (CI), 33-55%) of the women with either a likely Wells score or an abnormal D-dimer had a normal X/Q-scan; 40% (95%CI, 30-51%) had a non-high X/Q-scan and 14% (95%CI, 8-24%) a high-probability X/Q-scan. In the second cohort, these percentages were 58% (95%CI, 44-70%), 17% (95%CI, 9-30%) and 25% (95%CI, 15-38%) respectively. The positive predictive value of a high probability X/Q-scan was high in both cohorts: 82% (95%CI, 52-95%) and 100% (95%CI, 77-100%), respectively. CT could theoretically be avoided in 60% and 83% of women. Conclusions A strategy consisting of clinical decision rule, D-dimer testing, perfusion scintigraphy and chest X-ray seems promising to reliably exclude or diagnose PE. Further prospective evaluation in a larger population of young women is warranted. Chapter 11


The calibration method of indication error of the extenso meter calibrator was studied to solve the problems of complicated operation, low efficiency and relying on operating experience in the current calibration using the gauge block method. A method based on laser interference principle was used to calibrate the indication error of the extenso meter calibrator in a non-contact manner, and a comparative experiment was applied. The results of experiment and measurement uncertainty analysis shows that the non-linear error of measurement data obtained by laser interference method is -0.003%, and the expanded measurement uncertainty under 1/3mm can reach 0.095μm(k = 2), which can meet the requirements of the regulations for calibration of the indication error of the extensometer calibrator.


The shock model with the impact number of times obeying the Poisson process is discussed.The expectation of the damage system is got so as to provide a basis for life and provide the basis for the system life.


1 1 "On-" and "off-" cells in the Rostral Ventro-medial Medulla of rats held in thermo-neutral 2 conditions: are they involved in thermoregulation? 3 4 5 6 Nabil El Bitar, Bernard Pollin, Daniel Le Bars 7 8 9 10 1 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Faculté de Médecine UPMC, 91 Boulevard de 11 l'Hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France. 12 2 Neurosciences Paris-Seine, INSERM UMRS-1130, CNRS UMR-8246, F-75005, Paris, France 13 † To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 14 15 Number of pages: 44 16 Number of figures and tables: 10 figures, 2 tables 17 Number of words: Abstract 250; Introduction 541; Discussion 3127. 18 Supplemental material: 2 videos 19 20 21 22 23 24 Running head: "on-" and "off-" cells and thermoregulation 25 26


Al2O3/Ti3AlC2 composites was synthesized by high energy milling and hot-pressing using Ti,Al and C powders as raw materials.That is in the process of synthesis Ti3AlC2 layered material the composites were synthesized.The effects of sinering temperature on reactions,the microstructure and reaction of mechanism were investigated based on the analysis of XRD,EDS and SEM.The results show that Al2O3/Ti3AlC2composites was successfully obtained by hot-pressed at 1200 oC.The synthesizing temperature was decreased by high energy milling.Meanwhile,the microstructure show that Al2O3 evenly distributed in Ti3AlC2 substrate,forming dense layer of oxide film on the surface,and hindering the expansion of surface micro-cracks in the fracture process.Moreover,the mechanical properties of the composites were enhanced due to the effect of micro-crack toughening.


This study analyses the effects of financial openness on productive efficiency and technology catch-up in four countries in the Mediterranean Basin (Algeria, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia) as compared to the situation about the same in a group of developed countries (France, Germany, Japan, and the UK)over the period 1985-2005. Using the stochastic production frontier method with variable inefficiency (Battese and Coelli, 1995) and the metafrontier technique(Battese et al. 2004), we show, with the exception of Tunisia, that the productive efficiency of the first group of countries has continuously declined. We also identify an ever-widening technology gap for the first-group countries relatively to the second-group countries caused by among other things, a slowdown their financial openness from the second half of the 1990s.


Few guidelines promoting good health in children are available.1 Investigations into the development of standing and walking in infants who used babywalkers (wheeled seats that allow infants to move around with their feet on the floor) obtained conflicting results. Crouchman (64 infants) and Siegel and Burton (109 infants) found that the use of babywalkers was associated with delay in crawling. 2 3 In contrast, no significant differences in achieving independent walking were seen by Crouchman or by Kauffmann and Ridenour (6 sets of twins) in infants who used babywalkers compared with non-users. 2 4 Siegel and Burton, however, found that babywalker users achieve independent walking at a later age than non-users.3 We compared the …


Introduction- Intestinal specimens received includes both neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions. These range from congenital anomalies, inammatory to neoplastic lesions. Clinical and radiological ndings are non specic so, histopathological study is considered to be gold standard for the conrmation. One year study was done during the period of January 2021 to December 2017 a Materials and methods- t KIMS Hubballi on 293 intestinal specimens (43 small intestine, 84 large intestine and 166 appendix). The specimens were processed routinely and special stains were done where ever required. Widespectrum of intestinal lesions were studied. There Results- were 241 non neoplastic lesions and 52 neoplastic cases. Non neoplastic cases included congenital anomalies, inammatory and ischemic lesions. Neoplastic cases included both benign and malignant lesions. Neoplastic lesions of small intestine included adenocarcinoma, carcinoid, gastrointestinal stromal tumour and gastrointestinal schwanomma. Non neoplastic lesions of large intestine included hirschsprungs disease and sigmoid volvulus. One case of enterobius vermicularis was diagnosed in appendix. Intestinal lesions present with vague symptoms and e Conclusion- arly diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent the complications. This study emphasises the need for early diagnosis of the disease through histopathology which is essential for appropriate treatment of the patient


Abstract In recent years there has been yet another tidal wave of interest in Brazilian music, this time driven by the phenomenon of World Music. To Anglophone ears, music from Brazil has traditionally represented an exotic tropical 'other' even as it underwent dilution and caricature in Europe and North America. For example, witness: the Parisian maxixe craze in preFirst World War France; Carmen Miranda's Hollywood film persona and bizarre routines; and the Bossa Nova fad in the United States during the 1960s which included a 'phoney' dance allegedly invented by Arthur Murray.


The subject matter of the thesis is the identification of concentrated runoff waterways in the landscape and their consequent stabilization. The municipalities of Čejkovice and Mutěnice in the South Moravian region were analysed in order to reach this purpose. The thesis introduces theoretical bases for the definition of concentrated runoff waterways and their application in the calculation. The area was analysed on the basis of the digital elevation model in ArcGIS software environment. The CN curves method by means of the hydrological model DesQ – MAX Q was used for the calculation of concentrated runoff waterways.


In some cases by design, but mostly by accident, numerous advances in technology have been highly disruptive. The personal computer and the Internet are instructive examples that empower new and smaller players to innovate and challenge the entrenched economic and technological interests. RFID offers the possibility of an explosion of nodes at the edge of the network with billions of devices added each year. But the question is still open as to whether RFID will join the personal computer and the Internet in the disruption hall of fame. The recent rise of RFID seems carefully choreographed for improving supply chain management through the efforts of EPCglobal. Wal-Mart, the United States Department of Defense (DoD), and other big players treat RFID as a technology that will sustain their market power through incremental innovation. However, the scope and style of RFID extends far beyond this key initiative. This brief report examines the latest phase in RFID's history, including the EPCglobal initiative and several other recent trends in tagging technology that together, are expanding the RFID roadmap beyond the EPC thrust and may lead to more disruptive scenarios. Tagging Trends The major driver for developing RFID technology has been the tagging of physical objects with microchips so they can interface with computers. Although it has recently entered the mainstream, RFID technology has been available for several decades. The 21st century has, however, marked the beginning of a new era in RFID. In general, the size and cost of computing devices has decreased while computing power has increased, and the Internet has made it easier to store and share object data. More specific to RFID, we have observed several key trends. First is the evolution of standards for the various components of an RFID system including the transmission technology (the " RF " part) and unique identifiers (the " ID " part). Second, outside the realm of dedicated RFID systems, short-range radio-based communication networks like WiFi and Bluetooth have emerged which are increasingly used in RFID applications, while optical tagging solutions (using light rather than RF as the transmission medium) are being developed that may compete with certain RFID applications, particularly those aimed at consumers. Lastly, both RFID and other tagging technologies are making their way to the edges of the network and into the hands of end-users, significantly increasing the potential for disruptive rather than incremental innovation. Before examining these trends and their …


: Using of sigma cold-formed steel sections is continuously increasing in industrial buildings due to their light weight. The sigma sections are characterized by their web stiffening effect which increases their buckling strength over the conventional C-section. This paper aims to answer the question of whether using the sigma section, as an alternative to the C-section subjected to bending moment, is feasible or not. A comparison was carried out between sigma and C sections having the same geometrical dimensions. Another comparison was conducted utilizing C-sections with increased thickness to attain the same weight characteristics of the sigma section. The results demonstrated the superiority of the sigma section over the C-section, especially when the web local or distortional buckling is the governing failure mode. In addition, due to the lack of investigations for the behavior of sigma beams, the Direct Strength Method hypothesized that the sigma beam is not a prequalified beam for the usage in the Direct Strength Method implementation and conservative safety factors are to be used in the design. As a result, the behavior of sigma beams is investigated by studying the relation between the nominal flexural capacity (M n .) and critical buckling moment (M cr .); therefore, a more economical design can be achieved. Finite strip analysis, Finite element


Free radicals are particles that have an unpaired electron. If they produced in high level in our bodies, they can cause damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Antioxidants are any compounds that can incorporate free radicals in a safe way, cease the reaction, and switch them to a risk-free molecule by donating a proton. The infectious diseases are among the chief causes of death worldwide, and antimicrobial resistance has been regularly reported globally. Thus, these complications necessitate the investigation for new therapies with potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. This study aims to design, synthesize and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of new N,N'-(dialkoyl/diaroyl)-4,4'-methylenedianiline compounds. These compounds were synthesized by the reaction of carboxylic acids with 4,4'-methylenedianiline in presence of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as coupling agent. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized on the bases of the physical and spectral data. The antioxidant activity of these compounds was evaluated by testing their free radical scavenging activity of DPPH and H 2 O 2 and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated via measuring the inhibition zones in the disk diffusion method. The synthesized compounds show varied antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The hydroxyl and the amide moieties in the synthesized compound possess similar potent antioxidant activities. The fluoro-aromatic compound showed potent antibacterial and antifungal activities. While the chloro aliphatic and aromatic compounds showed only antibacterial activity. Whereas aromatic fluorine and the ether group exposed a potent antifungal activity if they incorporated in any organic compound.


Peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) from calves infected with T. brucei and T. congolense or T. congolense alone were tested for their capacity to form E, EA, and EAC rosettes. The results obtained indicate that early in the infection a slight increase in the number of T and B cells has occurred as indicated by the increase in E and EAC rosette formation. At the same time EA rosette forming cells were also increased and persisted during the whole time of the infection. The EA rosette forming cells were more likely null cells, because later in the infection neither E nor EAC rosette forming cells showed any increase.


Total U.S. Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefit payments increase automatically during recessionary periods. This increase in UI benefits during recessionary periods cushions the macro economy from further decline by helping unemployed workers partially maintain their purchasing power. That is, by partially compensating the unemployed for the lost earnings, UI benefits help to break the negative cycle of increased unemployment leading to reduced consumption, which leads to a further reduction in economic activity. The cyclical response of regular UI benefits during recessions is often enhanced through legislation. Specifically, during recessions, typically there has been some form of federally financed UI benefit extension. Thus, the regular UI program together with federally financed temporary benefit extensions can have a substantial impact in cushioning the negative effects of recessions on the U.S. economy. The UI program incorporates three levels (or tiers) of benefits: 1) Regular UI benefits, 2) Temporary (or emergency) federal benefits (EUC), and 3) Federal-State Extended Benefits (EB). Regular UI benefits are always available with up to 26 weeks of benefits for most eligible persons. Temporary federal benefits (Emergency Unemployment Compensation or EUC in the 2008-2009 recession) are paid under conditions set by emergency federal legislation. Up to 53 weeks of EUC have been available during the present recession. Federal-State Extended Benefits (EB) are available in periods when unemployment-related triggers activate the EB program. EB in the present recession has been available under temporary unemployment rate triggers with full federal financing (as opposed to 50-50 federal-state financing shares of the permanent EB law). Payments from all three levels contribute to the stabilizing effect of the UI program. While the financing of UI (i.e., UI payroll taxes) offsets part of the stabilizing effects of UI benefits, the net effect of the program is to make the economy more stable. This report examines the performance of each UI program component as an automatic stabilizer. The analysis relies heavily on macroeconomic simulations generated by the Moody's Economy.com econometric model. Our approach traces the path of the economy with and without each of these components. By comparing paths, we can measure the effect of the UI program as a whole and by component as an automatic stabilizer. In this report, we examine the impact of the UI program in stabilizing the economy during a deep recession. Rather than simulating an artificial recessionary scenario, we use the experience of the recent recession (2008-2009) and examine the time path …


The history and present condition of automotive industry in China are briefly summarized in the front of this paper. And then some important circumstances factors, which will affect development of automotive industry in China, are analyzed. Put the stress on study of the coming development of automotive industry and automotive marketing in China. The points in this paper are of great reference value to directing automotive industry, and to perfecting automotive marketing system in China.


Speech production variations due to perceptually induced stress contribute significantly to reduced speech processing performance. This study proposes an algorithm for estimation of the degree of perceptually induced stress. It is suggested that the resulting stress score could be integrated into speech processing algorithms to improve robustness in adverse conditions. First, results from a previous study motivate selection of a targeted set of speech features across phoneme and stress groups to improve stress classification performance. Analysis of articulatory, excitation, and cepstral based features is conducted using a previously established stressed speech database (SUSAS). Targeted feature sets are selected across ten stress conditions (including Apache helicopter, angry, clear, Lombard effect, loud, etc.). Next, an improved targeted feature stress classification system is developed and evaluated achieving rates of 91.01%. Finally, application of stress classification is incorporated into a stress directed speech recognition system. An improvement of +10.14% and +15.43% over conventionally trained neutral and multi-style trained recognizers is demonstrated using the new stress directed recognition system.


The finite field SCF method has been used to calculate the pair polarizability of argon; a gaussian basis set was employed. The computed anisotropy and trace are compared with models obtained from Raman spectroscopy, and also with results from perturbation theory. Analytic fits to the anisotropy function are examined. Long range convergence to DID values is obtained for both the trace and anisotropy. However the trace exceeds the DID value in a range of separation between the well and 13 a 0. Values for the second Kerr and dielectric virial coefficients are calculated. An accurate form of the anisotropy is proposed.


Compressor of multiple heat exchange refrigerant cycle system according to the present invention is compressed to discharge the refrigerant of gas state at a high temperature high pressure; A four-way valve connected to the compressor and a refrigerant flow path; The first heat exchanger are connected in the four-way valve and a coolant passage formed outside of the heat exchange between the heat source and the refrigerant; The second heat exchanger the first heat exchanger and is connected to the four-way valve and a coolant passage formed outside of the heat exchange between the heat source and the refrigerant; And the first heat exchanger and disposed on a refrigerant passage connecting group and the second heat exchanger multi-heat exchanger unit for exchanging heat between the refrigerant occurs a plurality of times; comprises, the multiple heat exchange units, wherein the second heat exchanger from the first heat exchanger between the discharged from the refrigerant to the second heat exchanger flows through the refrigerant passage connecting an refrigerant heat exchanger, and flowing in the second refrigerant flow path connecting an second heat from the first heat exchanger the refrigerant from the first heat exchanger and the multiple heat exchange performing a heat exchange between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage echo passage connecting the branch unit is formed is characterized.


The limitation in successfully acquiring large populations of stem cell has impeded their application. A new method based on the dedifferentiation of adult somatic cells to generate induced multipotent stem cells would allow us to obtain a large amount of autologous stem cells for regenerative medicine. The current work was proposed to induce a sub‐population of cells with characteristics of muscle stem cells from myoblasts through conditional treatment of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1. Our results show that a lower concentration of TGF‐β1 is able to promote C2C12 myoblasts to express stem cell markers as well as to repress myogenic proteins, which involves a mechanism of dedifferentiation. Moreover, TGF‐β1 treatment promoted the proliferation‐arrested C2C12 myoblasts to re‐enter the S‐phase. We also investigated the multi‐differentiation potentials of the dedifferentiated cells. TGF‐β1 pre‐treated C2C12 myoblasts were implanted into mice to repair dystrophic skeletal muscle or injured bone. In addition to the C2C12 myoblasts, similar effects of TGF‐β1 were also observed in the primary myoblasts of mice. Our results suggest that TGF‐β1 is effective as a molecular trigger for the dedifferentiation of skeletal muscle myoblasts and could be used to generate a large pool of progenitor cells that collectively behave as multipotent stem cell‐like cells for regenerative medicine applications.


In this article we present a case study in initial education of teachers studying the Primary Education Degree of the University of Lleida. Students prepare a teaching plan for science content linked to community resources, and present it in English. The aim was the students experience "talking science" in English. We focus on the questions: What have we experienced doing this activity in English? Students refer to impotence and frustration at expressing themselves and their ideas in English. While the data shows that there was little focus on science content, they showed the value of the exercise in their development as teachers. They experience 'otherness' and connect this to their future roles as teachers in multi-lingual, multi-cultural classrooms. Preparing this case study shows the value of teacher educators reflecting on their practice.


We demonstrate wavelength division multiplexed Fiber Bragg Gratings interrogation using an integrated unbalanced Mach–Zehnder Interferometer and an arrayed waveguide grating on silicon-on-insulator, showing a good performance agreement when compared to a commercial readout unit.


Book Ten of the Civil Code of Quebec comprehensively codifies Quebec private international law. The focus of this article is on the rules in Title Three governing adjudicatory jurisdiction in personal actions of a patrimonial nature, a category that encompasses most actions based on the law of contractual and extra-contractual obligations. The principal sources of jurisdiction and the principal themes and tensions in the jurisprudence are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the expansive influence on the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of Canada's decision in Spar Aerospace Ltd. v. American Mobile Satellite Corp. 2002 SCC 78, and to the possible impact on this trend of the Court's more recent decision in Club Resorts Ltd. v. Van Breda, 2012 SCC 17 as well as that of the Quebec Court of Appeal in Option Consommateurs c. Infineon Technologies 2011 QCCA 2116.


Atmospheric data from both remote and direct measurements were used to compute the carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and mass transport from Africa south of the equator. The Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites (MAPS) experiment flew on the Space Shuttle during October 5-13, 1984; the highest CO mixing ratios from the entire mission were measured over southern Africa. In addition to the MAPS data, surface CO mixing ratios were measured in the boundary layer at Cape Point, South Africa. A calibration factor for the remote MAPS CO measurements was determined by computing the ratio of the surface measurements from Cape Point during unpolluted periods to coincident MAPS measurements. The adjusted MAPS CO data were then used to compute the mass flux of CO from biomass burning in southern Africa during the MAPS mission. The transport calculations were compared to the estimated CO emissions from biomass burning to examine the efficiency in which the continental tropical clouds redistribute CO in the troposphere.


The work deals with the influence of the energy concentration of the feeding ratio on the carcass composition and meat quality of different cattle breeds and categories. Due to the high influence of the feeding intensity and the lower external imput in the ecological farming only heifers and steers and small and middle framed genotypes in general should be used for beef production. The larger framed cattle are less suitable for the production of high quality beef because of their high energy requirements, which normally makes an additional administration of concentrates necessary originating from outside the farm.


The study focusses on developing a Logistic Regression model to distinguish between �Good� and �Poor� Performance of Bank-stocks which are traded in Indian stock market with regard to the financial ratios. The study- sample comprises of financialratios of 40 nationalised and private banks, for a period of six years. The study ascertains and scrutinizes eleven financial ratios that can categorize the Banksbroadly into two categories as �good� or �poor�, up to the accuracy level of 78 percent, based on their rate of return. First, the study predicts the performance of banks by using financial ratios and tries to build the goodness of fit by using Logistic Regression approach. The study also emphasizes that this model can enrich an investor�s ability to forecast the price of various stocks. However, the paper confers the real-world implications of Logistic Regression model to envisage the performance of Banks in the stock market. The study reveals that the model could be useful to potential investors, fund managers, and investment companies to improve their strategies and to select the �out-performing� Bank-stocks. © Serials Publications Pvt. Ltd.


AIMS
To test the effectiveness of the Healthy School and Drugs (HSD) programme on tobacco and alcohol use in Dutch secondary special education (SE) schools, and whether this depends upon subtypes of SE schools and the level of implementation.

DESIGN
In a quasi-experimental design with baseline and post-treatment follow-up, 363 students were allocated arbitrarily or depending on teacher motivation to either intervention condition (n = 205) or usual curriculum (n = 158).

SETTING
Thirteen secondary SE schools spread throughout the Netherlands.

PARTICIPANTS
Participants were recruited during the autumn of 2013 from three school subtypes: SE for adolescents with intellectual/physical disabilities (SEI; n = 13), behavioural/emotional difficulties (SEB; n = 136) and learning disabilities/developmental disorders (SEL; n = 214).

MEASUREMENTS
Self-reported life-time smoking prevalence and life-time drinking frequency as outcomes, and school subtype (SEL/SEB) and implementation fidelity (high/low) as moderators.

FINDINGS
No significant differences were found at follow-up in life-time smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.74-3.12] and drinking frequency (d = 0.01; 95% CI = -0.16 to 0.18). Interaction analyses revealed adverse effects in SEB students for alcohol use (d = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.16-0.69). Effect on tobacco refusal self-efficacy was moderated positively by implementation fidelity (d = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.07-0.63).

CONCLUSION
The Healthy School and Drugs programme adapted for secondary special education in the Netherlands lacked clear evidence for effects on all outcomes. This pilot study suggests further that, within special education, substance use interventions may need to be targeted at school subtypes, as these may have harmful effects among students with behavioural difficulties. Finally, limited evidence was found that programme effectiveness may depend upon implementation fidelity.


Take explanatory pluralism to be the view that we cannot give a unified account of explanation as such, on the grounds that explanations come in many different varieties.1 Pluralists often associate different varieties of explanation with different domains. Sometimes these domains are conceived of as divisions within science (sociology, psychology, biology, physics, etc.), and sometimes they are conceived of as divisions separating science from other areas of inquiry (mathematics, ethics, etc.).2 Explanatory monism is then roughly the view that all explanations are substantively similar enough that we can give an adequate general account of explanation as such. Explanatory monism might well seem unwarranted. For every monistic or general theory of explanation in the literature, there are problem cases. Sometimes these problem cases amount to decisive counterexamples, as the example of the flagpole and its shadow is for Hempel's deductive-nomological theory. But though such cases might decisively refute one or another monistic theory, they do not refute monism altogether: Recent books defending explanatory pluralism include Weber et al. (2013) and Mantzavinos (2016). The books mentioned in fn. 1 primarily conceive of pluralism in the first way. Dı́ez et al. (2013) invoke the latter taxonomy, and both Austin (1998) and the distinction between scientific and intuitive explanations in Shtulman and Lombrozo (ming) suggest a similar conceptualization of kinds of explanation.


In this paper, we present the asymptotically double lacunary statistical equivalent and strongly asymptotically double lacunary statistical equivalent which is a natural combination of the definition for asymptotically equivalence and lacunary statistical double sequences of fuzzy numbers. In addition, we also give some relations among these new notions.


In this work, we prepared CdTe quantum dots, and series of Cd 1-x Mn x Te-alloyed quantum dots with narrow size distribution by an ion-exchange reaction in water solution. We found that the photoluminescence peaks are shifted to higher energies with the increasing Mn 2+ content. So far, this is the first report of blue-emitting CdTe-based quantum dots. By means of cyclic voltammetry, we detected features of electrochemical activity of manganese energy levels formed inside the Cd 1-x Mn x Te-alloyed quantum dot band gap. This allowed us to estimate their energy position. We also demonstrate paramagnetic behavior for Cd 1-x Mn x Te-alloyed quantum dots which confirmed the successful ion-exchange reaction.


The performance of nine genotypes of chilli namely; KDSC-410, Phule Jyoti, Punjab Lal, AKC-89/38, Pant C-1, Japani Longi, CV-2, Kalayanpur Chanchal (Check-1) and Pusa Jwala (Check-2) was assessed for yield attributes and CLCV tolerance at Research farm of Nalanda College of Horticulture, Noorsarai, Nalanda (Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur) Bihar during 2015-2016. Among the nine genotpyes, Japani Longi exhibited significant superiority with the highest production of No. of fruit per plant (206.500), fruit yield/plant (367.990 g.) with lowest days to 50 % flowering (52.530 days) and low CLCV incidence (9.130%), over the genotypes under investigation. On the other hand, out of nine screened genotypes, variety Pujab Lal showed lowest incidence of chilli leaf curl virus (5.770%) and also registered higher no. of fruits per plant (195.700) and fruit yield /plant (322.840 g). Pant chilli also showed low incidence of CLCV (6.330 %) and highest values for fruit diameter (11.390 mm), fruit length (8.800 cm). On the basis of overall performance of the genotypes, Japani Longi is the superior genotype for most of the traits studied among the nine chilli genotypes followed by Pujab Lal and Pant C-1.


In this stimulating historical analysis, Kobkua Suwannathat-Pian broadens our understanding of the tributary system that bound the northern Malay states to Siam from precolonial times to the early twentieth century. The author challenges previous studies that have portrayed Siamese suzerainty in this region as strictly coercive and advantageous only to the overlords. She illustrates quite convincingly that tributary relations actually minimized hostilities between neighboring states of unequal status and helped reduce tensions among rival factions within Malay vassal states. Siamese overlordship is depicted as primarily requiring the ceremonial recognition of the suzerain's "moral and virtuous superiority" over vassal rulers rather than the economic exploitation of tributary populations. Kobkua even rejects the argument that one of Siam's major objectives in the Malay tributaries was to gain manpower through the capture and resettlement of prisoners of war; such measures, she maintains, were mostly punitive, in response to the recalcitrance of wayward vassals. The author, a Thai who has studied and taught in Malaysia, may ultimately wish to foster warmer relations between Malaysia and Thailand by elucidating the benefits both Malay and Thai ruling elites were able to derive from the tributary system. In a series of detailed cases studies focusing on the Malay tributary states of Kedah, Trengganu, and Kelantan, Kobkua demonstrates how Malay vassal rulers used their ties with Siam to curb the ambitions of local political rivals or to ward off interference from other predatory powers such as the British. At one point she highlights the "voluntary" aspect of Malay participation in the system (p. 56), although she later acknowledges that even in peacetime, tributary relations were "irksome"—a necessary price to pay for a relative degree of autonomy (pp. 74-75). Siamese motives for establishing and expanding the tributary relations to the south are presented as partly ideological and partly militarily strategic. The author summarizes admirably the Indie and Islamic political and religious teachings that underlay the formation of competing power centers throughout Southeast Asia, each with its divine or meritorious monarch. Siamese tributary empire building is viewed as part of a larger, personalistic, regionwide system for distributing political power and regulating interaction among states. Although this characterization might help justify Siam's aggression toward smaller neighboring states, it tells us little about the personal motives of individual suzerains. Kobkua also implies that the relatively peaceful and nonexploitative tributary relations between Siam and the Malay states are representative of all such relations in the region, but she offers little evidence to support this conclusion. More satisfying than this ideological explanation of Siam's conquest of its weaker southern neighbors is the defense explanation. As the author points out, in different historical periods the northern Malay states served as buffers against attacks from Burma or even the British.


In this study a dynamic simulation was conducted on a forged steel crankshaft from a single cylinder four stroke engine. Finite element analysis was performed to obtain the variation in the magnitude of the stress at critical locations. The dynamic analysis resulted in the development of theload spectrum applied to the crankpin bearing. This load was then applied to the FE model and boundary conditions were applied according to the engine mounting conditions. Results obtained from the analysis were then used in optimization of the forged steel crankshaft. Geometry, material, and manufacturing processes were optimized using different geometric constraints, manufacturing feasibility, and cost. The first step in the optimization process was weight reduction of the component considering dynamicloading. This required the stress range under dynamic loading not to exceed the magnitude of the stress range in the original crankshaft. The optimization and weight reduction were considered in aninteractive manner and evaluated by manufacturing feasibility and cost. The optimization process resulted in weight reduction, cost reduction and increased fatigue strength of the crankshaft.


The invention discloses a spraying axial-flow fan, belonging to the technical field of textile air conditioning equipment. The spraying axial-flow fan comprises a main barrel body, an air collecting barrel body, a motor, an impeller and an water supply pipe, wherein, the air collecting barrel body is positioned at one side of an air inlet of the main barrel body, is connected with the main barrelbody in a matching manner and is arranged on a chassis carrying the main barrel; the motor is arranged in the air collecting barrel body through a motor bracket; the impeller is fixed by a motor shaft of the motor extending into the main barrel body; and the water supply pipe is connected with a water source pipeline, takes a circular ring shape, is fixed with the inner wall of the main barrel body and corresponds to the impeller; a group of ejectors which are used for ejecting the supplied water and the water in the cavity of the pipe towards the impeller and are communicated with the cavityof the water supply pipe are arranged on the water supply pipe at interval. The technical scheme of the invention has simple structure and ideal water-saving and energy-conserving effects.


The purpose of this study is to determine the level of mathematics anxiety in primary school teachers in Turkey and to investigate the influence of a number of variables over the anxiety level. 559 teachers were participated in the study. In this study, mathematics Anxiety Scale Intended for Teachers and Candidate Teachers (MKO-O) was used as the data collection tool. For data analysis, "t" test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey test were applied. According to the research results, we have found that total anxiety scores for teachers were at the "I am anxious a little" level. Also, there was a significant difference between teachers' anxiety level and gender variable, and female teachers' anxiety levels were found to be higher than male teachers. Additionally, teachers' anxiety levels decreased as their age and tenure increased. According to the variable of the program of study, the anxiety levels of teachers who graduated from primary school teaching program were lower than the graduated teachers from other programs. Moreover, it is found that the anxiety levels of mathematics teachers who like their job were lower than those who do not like their job.


revealed a Abstract Tricuspid valve endocarditis caused by Acinetobacter baumannii is associated with a high mortality rate because of the bacterium's resistance to almost all available antibiotics. Low and middle income countries (LMICs) face the challenge of successfully treating infective endocarditis because of the delayed diagnosis and having little access to expensive drug regimens. Although several international guidelines indicate that large vegetations on cardiac valve protheses require immediate surgery for valve replacement, this intervention remains a challenge in LMICs with limited resources. In our case, a hemodialysis patient developed tricuspid valve endocarditis due to A. Baumannii which was diagnosed at a late stage when surgery was necessary. Despite a few major complications, the patient survived. At the 2-year follow-up, she is still doing well.


Method for heating a urea SCR system using at least two resistive heating elements, one of which is intended for heating one or some (part of) component always in contact with a substantial amount of urea and the other is intended for heating one or so me (part of) component which are sometimes not in contact with a substantial amount of urea, and according to which, when starting the system in freezing conditions, the resistive element is activated but the resistive element is activated only when its component is actually in contact with a substantial amount of urea.


Objective. To assess the prognostic value of the collateral flow through abdominal inconstant arterial collateral pathways of persistent primary origin, as defined with MSCT angiography (MSCTA), in terms of its providing one of the criteria for resectability of pancreas cancer. Material and methods. Both retrospective and prospective analyses of the diagnostic and treatment outcomes data from 837 patients who had presented to Vishnevsky Surgery Institute between 2008 and 2013 were conducted with evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of MSCT. 627 (74.9%) out of them made up the screening group (controls), the group of operated subjects comprised 85 (10.2%) patients who had undergone different types of radical pancreatic surgery with resection of the great arteries. A group of 98 (11.7%) patients had pancreatic tumors deemed unresectable by MSCT. There were also 27 (3.2%) cases of nontumor-related celiac artery stenosis. Intravenous boluscontrast-enhanced MSCT with post-processing of MSCTA data was performed on a Brilliance 64-Slice CT scanner or a Brilliance iCT 256-Slice CT system (Phillips, Cleveland, OH, USA) using a bolus-tracking technique: 2D multiplanar and 3D MSCTA reconstructions were generated with the Brilliance Workspace Portal (Philips Medical Systems), ARIS MultiVox version 5 (the Medical Computer Systems Laboratory at the Lomonosov Moscow State University's Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics). Results. In our unresectable pancreatic cancer patients 1. aberrant arterial anatomy was 2-2.5 times more commonly found and 2. follow-up MSCT showed the pattern of the celiac-mesenteric arterial vasculature to be changed by the presence of pancreatic tumor in such a way where the variant artery acted as a collateral. Not a single collateral artery was encountered in 20.4% of our cases of non-resectable pancreatic cancer. In most of the unresectable pancreatic cancer patients, no fewer than 2-3 collateral channels were seen. The occurrence of the left type collateral arcades was demonstrated to be 60.2% in the group of unresectable tumors. The MSCT achieved an accuracy of 100% in correctly identifying the celiac-mesenteric arterial vasculature type. There were no discrepancies between the imaging and intraoperative findings. Conclusions. In the setting of tumor involvement of the celiac-mesenteric territories' major arteries, the accessoryhepatic arteries serve as collaterals routes. Functional inconstant preexisting abdominal arterial collaterals as depicted by MSCTA are a sign of invasion of the wall of a great vessel, evidence of their recruitment is highly indicative of pancreatic cancer unresectability. Altered Michels' type of the celiac-mesenteric arterial architecture in non-resectable pancreas cancer suggests that the type of the celiac-mesenteric arterial anatomy cannot be presumed consistent at all times. Its estimation only holds true at the time of scanning. Detection of the left type collateral arcades significantly reduces the chance of pancreatic tumor resection.


It is well known that when Ni4Mo and Ni3Mo alloys are quenched from a high temperature α-region (FCC structure), their X-ray and electron diffraction patterns exhibit diffuse intensity maxima at {110)•õ positions in addition to the strong fundamental reflections(1)(2). These positions do not correspond to the positions of superlattice reflections of equilibrium ordered phases such as the βNi4Mo phase and the γ-Ni3Mo phase which existintheNi-Mosyste(3)(4). The DO22-


The media is now regularly reporting and highlighting global protest movements such as Greta Thunberg's School Strike for the Climate and Extinction Rebellion (XR)1 alerting us to both the climate ...


In local cities in Japan, where the public traffic system is less developed than in metropolitan cities, residents normally use buses or automobiles. Main national roads in these local cities are densely lined with municipal offices, hospitals, banks, shopping centers and other large buildings. Traffic congestion during rush hours in the morning and in the evening are a constant problem for these roads. A lot of residents are raising their voice to urge the solution of this situation. Unlike former pattern control systems, recently developed MODERATO-E II is a traffic control system designed to automatically cycles, splits, and offsets on a cycle-by-cycle basis (hereinafter call "real time control system"). We have installed this system on Route 2 at one local city. As a result, this system could reduce 25% the travel time around its city center.


It is argued that if the wave function represents the complete physical state and its dynamics is linear, then there are no many worlds.


The use of frequency decomposition colour blending has become commonplace in the analysis of stratigraphic formations from 3D seismic data. Red-green-blue (RGB) colour blending is a particularly effective way of displaying multiple frequency decomposition responses, and the interference between different frequency bands can reveal startling detail within the colour blend and highlighting very subtle and sub seismic resolution. The colour and contrast apparent in the RGB blend is dependent on a number of variables related to the frequency and amplitude of the source signal, which in turn depends on the geometry and rock properties of the subsurface. Even though we can recognise specific geometries, structures and geological features within RGB blends, previously it has been difficult to predict exactly what colour and contrast variations relate to and here we attempt to address that problem.


Investigating the nonlinear interactions of the picosecond optical pulses with different frequencies in monomode optical fiber, one must take into consideration both linear effects. the dispersion and the group delay between waves. Besides, some additional nonlinear effects, as cross-phase modulation (CPM), four-photon parametric mixing (FPM), Raman amplifier (RA), appears. For optical pulses with soliton's powers as a rule, the group delay dominates among all other effects. Nevertheless there are some important cases, when it is possible to compensate group delay trough the nonlinear mechanisms.


With increasing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) utilization over the last decade, clinicians have developed "hybrid" configurations to meet complex perfusion requirements. In the setting of differential hypoxemia, a veno‐arteriovenous (V‐AV) configuration provides oxygenated cardiac preload and hemodynamic support to satisfy physiologic demands. We aim to further characterize the patient population, indications, and outcomes associated with this hybrid configuration.


Translation and reprint with permission of the Wiener Beethoven Gesellschaft from the WBG-Mittaiunffelatt39, 2/2008.1 THREE COLUMNS IN THE VOLKISCHER BEOBACHTER on January 11, 1939, document the beginning of the history of the Beethoven Memoria] Site established on the fifth floor of the Pasqualati House on Molkerbastei no. 8 in 1941. The composer's repeated stays in this house between 1804 and 1815 are well documented. As proven by registration papers safeguarded in the Viennese Stadt- und Landesarchiv, the apartment had been rented by die railroad engineer Josef Eckstein (born 1883), his wife Josefine (born 1886), their daughter Klara (born 1911), and his mother-in-law Rosa Hahnel (born 1858) until June 18, 1938. Only three months after the Anschluss on March 13, 1938, this particular apartment was declared "judenrein" ("free of Jews"), and this Jewish family-without any legal justificaucm - was moved to Passauevplatz 9 in die first Vienna district. Ecksteins mother-in-law died there on November 8, 1938. Their daughter Klara emigrated to die United States in early 1940. According to papers in the Documentation Centre of the Austrian Resistance, Josef and Josefine Eckstein were removed to other quarters in the Leopoldstadt in the second Vienna district on June 12, 1942, from which they were deported on June 23, 1943. to the concentration camp Theresjenstadt, and on October 23, 1944, were transferred co Auschwitz. It is not known when they met their death there. Engineer Josef Eckstein and his family had moved into the Pasqualati-Haus on March 26, 1923, the day on which the 96th anniversary of Beethoven's death was celebrated. Their lodgings with door number 18-despite the assertion of the Volkischer Beobachter-were not identical with Beemoven's own quarters, which certainly was direcdy adjacent to their apartment and which had at its disposal die legendary firewall that Beethoven wanted to break open for a window so that he could enjoy a clear view of the Prater. Thus one will probably not encounter either the location of genius at the Beethoven Memorial Site soiled with the stain of Aryamzation or any references EO die two victims of the Holocaust. Jews had Quarters in Beethoven's Favorite Home Molkerbastei no. 8 will become a Museum Translated by Heidi Melas, annotated by William Meredith One of the most important sites in memory of Beethoven's life and work is his apartment on Molkerbastei no. 8 (Schreyvogelgasse no. 16) in the Pasqualati-Haus.2 As noted on a memorial plaque, it is here that Beethoven worked on his Fourth, Fifth, and Seventh Symphonies, his opera Fiiklio (Leonore Overture no. 3), the Violin Concerto, [Fourth] Piano Concerto, the RasLimovsky Quartets, and other works during the years from 1 804 until 1815.3 Beethoven, the restless one. liked these quarters on die fburdi floor [American fifth floor], situated high almost like in a tower, right underneath the artic so much mat lie returned here after an interruption in 1 8 1 0 because he was able to work here undisturbed and concentrated like nowhere else. From his window he could see the green GIacLs area4 and the mountains of the Vienna woods/ For approximately diree decades the house with die unique memorial has been in the possession of the present day Landeshaiipomnnschaft [local government] Niederdonau. Max Ritter von Leber, u descendent of Peter von Leber who was an in-law of Baron Johann Baptist von Pasqualati,6 left die house to die government with die stipulation diat its revenue should support a foundation. According to die wishes of the donor, who was himself a well-known railroad expert, me money from renting the house should be used for die education and training of railroad engineers. It is noteworthy and almosc culturally adverse that during the times of the previous regime the home and workplace of our tone hero was renred out, and when we find out that until this spring die tenants were a Jewish family the outrage is complete. …


Artificial intelligence (AI) seeks to make computers do the sorts of things that minds can do, which involves psychological skills such as perception, association, prediction, planning, and motor control. Intelligence is a richly structured space of diverse information-processing capacities. Accordingly, AI uses many different techniques, addressing many different tasks. 'What is Artificial Intelligence?' explains the two main aims of AI: one being technological and the other scientific. It looks at AI's influence on the life sciences and philosophy. Can any AI system possess real intelligence, creativity, or life? It also considers how AI began, virtual machines, the major types of AI, and cybernetics.


T o start this Presidential address, I would like to reflect on what the Western Trauma Association (WTA) has meant to me. My first meeting was in 20 years ago, Crested Butte 1999. Tommy Thomas was the president, I had never been to the meeting before and fortunately had an abstract accepted. I did not realize until after multiple rejections over the subsequent years how special it was to get an article on at WTA. The meeting was heaven, and it was not even Iowa. The meeting had excellent science, discussion panels, discussion of care algorithms and I could wear jeans or come in right off the slopes in ski gear. I was hooked. Having the last article of the meeting was difficult for an anxious person like me. I had several days of listened to all the excellent articles, presentations, and vibrant discussions and pointed questions by some of the greats in trauma surgery. I really


It was tried to reveal the seasonal variation of water use pattern of Ficus tinctoria by a Hydrogen-oxygen stable isotope analysis of its stem xylem water and other potential water sources.The results indicated that the minimum soil water potential was-30.5kPa at 30cm deep in the dry hot season,while the maximum was-14.5kPa at 30cm deep in the foggy season.There was no variation in the soil water potential at 70cm in depth through all seasons.The soil water content was significantly higher in the rainy season than in the dry hot season and foggy season(P 0.001),but the difference of the soil water content between the foggy season and the dry hot season was not significant(P=0.64).Therefore,a seasonal variation of water use pattern did exist in different seasons.Rainwater and the water in the shallow soil were the main sources in the rainy season;in the foggy season,the main water source was the soil water(both in the shallow soil and the deep soil);and in the dry hot season,the main water source was the water in the shallow soil.


In this paper,from the dilute jamming mode design and analyse of single naval vessel antimissile defense point of view,aiming at the question of dilute jamming decision-making based on cooperating with the naval vessels formation antimissile,firstly,the threaten matrix are founded on the attack orientation of the missile for the naval vessels,and then,to accomplish the dilute jamming layout of cooperating with the naval vessels formation optimizing overall situation,which is based on the integrative analyse in command of the formation for the battlefield situation,according to the fundamental which the threaten as most as possible,distributing in harmony foil jamming resource of each naval vessel jamming subsystem.The emulational results show that the dilute jamming technique cooperating with the naval vessels formation is effectual and feasible.


Objective
To discuss the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in Shanxi province.

Methods
The medical records of 958 female TNBC patients who were admitted to Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital and the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2005 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological features and prognostic factors were summarized.

Results
The median age of TNBC patients in Shanxi province was 46 years old (21-87 years old), the median body mass index (BMI) was 24.42 kg/m2 (15.0-37.5 kg/m2), and the rural population was slightly more. The left breast cancer was more than the right breast cancer, and 492 patients (51.4%) were in stage T2. The main histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma. The main surgical method was modified radical mastectomy. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the patient's place of residence, fertility status, age at first birth, breastfeeding history, tumor size, American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging, lymph node metastasis, and surgical approach were associated with the risk of death in TNBC patients (all P 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that rural residents (HR = 1.46, P = 0.044), positive lymph node metastasis (HR = 2.51, P < 0.01), non-fertility (HR = 1.08, P =0.009) and no surgery (HR = 2.53, P = 0.004) were independent risk factors affecting the risk of death, a history of breastfeeding was a protective factor affecting the risk of death in TNBC patients (HR = 0.44, P = 0.013).

Conclusions
In Shanxi province, TNBC is more common in premenopausal women and the main pathological type is invasive ductal carcinoma. Rural population, lymph node positive, non-fertility, and no surgical treatment are independent risk factors for the prognosis of TNBC patients.

Key words:
Triple-negative breast cancer; Prognosis; Clinicopathological features


The effect of electrolysis conditions with different electrolyte compositions on the growth kinetics, phase-structural state, and hardness of coatings obtained by microarc oxidation (MAO) on the D16 aluminum alloy (base – aluminum, main impurity Cu) was studied. An analysis of the results obtained showed that the choice of the type of electrolyte and the conditions for the MAO process makes it possible to vary the growth kinetics and phase-structural state of the coating on the D16 aluminum alloy within a wide range. For all types of electrolytes, with an increase in the content of KOH, Na 2 SiO 3 , or KOH+Na 2 SiO 3 , the growth rate of MAO coatings increases. It was found that in MAO coatings obtained in an alkaline (KOH) electrolyte, a two-phase (γ−Al 2 O 3 and α−Al 2 O 3 phases) crystalline state is formed. An increase in the KOH concentration leads to an increase in the relative content of the α–Al 2 O 3 phase (corundum). During the formation in a silicate electrolyte, the phase composition of MAO coatings with an increase in the content of liquid glass (Na 2 SiO 3 ) changes from a mixture of the γ−Al 2 O 3 phase and mullite (3Al 2 O 3 ∙2SіO 2 ) to an X-ray amorphous phase. The use of a complex electrolyte leads to a two-phase state of the coating with a large (compared to an alkaline electrolyte) shift of the γ−Al 2 O 3 →α−Al 2 O 3 transformation towards the formation of the α−Al 2 O 3 phase. It was determined that the value of hardness correlates with the content of the α−Al 2 O 3 phase in the MAO coating, reaching the maximum value of 1620 kg/mm 2 at the highest content (about 80 vol. %) of the α−Al 2 O 3 phase. Two types of dependences of the coating thickness on the amount of electricity passed were revealed. For the amount of passed electricity 10–50 A-h/dm 2 , the thickness dependence is determined as 4.2 μm/(A-h/dm 2 ), which suggests the basic mechanism of electrochemical oxidation during the formation of a coating. For the amount of electricity transmitted 50–120 A-hour/dm 2 , the thickness dependence is determined by a much smaller value of 1.1 μm/(A-hour/dm 2 ). This suggests a transition to a different mechanism of coating formation − the formation of a coating with the participation of electrolysis components


UNPLUGGED project aims to investigate how the use of inductive charging of Electric Vehicles (EV) in urban environments improves the convenience and sustainability of car-based Mobility. In particular, it will be investigated how smart inductive charging infrastructure can facilitate full EV integration in the urban road systems while improving customer acceptance and perceived practicality. As part of the project, two smart inductive charging systems will be built, taking into consideration requirements from OEMs, energy utilities and end users, one of 3,7 kW and other of 50 kW. This paper summarizes the studies carried out in the development of a 50 kW charger for this application, regarding ICPT system, EMI shielding, power electronics and control.


The quasistatic and dynamic mechanical properties of a viscoelastic particulate composite employed as a surrogate, cast‐cure high explosive were determined from uniaxial compression experiments at strain rates up to 107 sec−1. The results from these experiments were used to obtain parameters for a non‐linear viscoelastic material model. The viscoelasticity described by the macroscopic material model introduced in this paper affects not only the deviatoric components of stress and strain but the volumetric components as well. The material description is adequate for reproducing experimentally observed responses at loading rates ranging from quasistatic to shock levels with a single set of material parameters. Parameters for an HTPB‐sugar composite are provided.


Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most important oils, food, confectionery, and feed crops due to its high oil quality and richness in all classes of nutrients. Coheritability helps in determining the pattern of coinheritance of two or more traits. This study was aimed at determining the coheritability of oil and yield traits to provide means of conducting improvement of oil traits through breeding for yield traits. The coheritabilities of the traits were estimated by a pooled analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for agromorphological and oil traits. The result indicated that all oil traits have shown medium to high coheritability with oil content, oil quality, and seed yield. The coheritability and genetic advance of the three agronomically important traits in oil crops including oil content, oleic to linoleic acid (O/L) ratio, and seed yield (SY) is greater than oil content, linoleic acid, and SY can be further evidence showing that both oil content and oil quality traits can be improved with seed yield, indicating that there is the possibility of making a selection for genotypes with high oil content, oil yield, and oil quality with high seed yield traits.


To The Editor:

We read with interest the article by Scott et al[1][1] on contact system activation during platelet concentrate filtration. Several groups endeavoring to find a causative role for negatively charged filters in hypotensive/anaphylactoid reactions have reported activation of the


This single-vineyard estate field blend comes from our home ranch in the western hills of Healdsburg. This head-pruned southern exposure vineyard is entirely hillside, growing intense and concentrated fruit. We pick our 5-acres of Zinfandel and 1-acre of Petite Sirah together and co-ferment them together. The grapes are picked at the crack of dawn, a mere 200 yards from our crush pad to be gently de-stemmed, after which the grapes were cold soaked before fermentation for 5 days to gently extract color and flavor. Immediately following fermentation the wine was barrel aged in 100% French oak for 18 months. Blackberries, black pepper, brown spice and baked pie crust dominate the opulent aromas. The entry reminds one of fresh bing cherries and pomegranates followed by deep flavors of black cherries, currants and vanilla and oak tones. Rich, silky tannins round out the finish. A unique, powerful wine!


The baseline time sequence inside Shanxi fault subsidence zone and relative to the surrounding geological block is calculated,and calculated the strain time sequence based on block uniform strain model from the northern part of Shanxi to Shanxi- Hebei junction and from southern part of Shanxi to Shanxi- Henan junction is calculated,the results show as following:( 1) The observation data of CMONOC is high in quality,it is able to monitor the crustal micro dynamic deformation of Shanxi fault subsidence zone in some degree;( 2)The first shear strain and minimum principal strain of the area from the northern part of Shanxi to Shanxi- Hebei junction decrease from the beginning of October,2012,the baseline from Shanxi Datong to Hebei Shijiazhuang and Beijing Yanqing is shortened in the same time,which may indicate that the compressive and dextral shear strain in north- east is increasing.( 3) The short term increasing of tensile shear strain in May,2014 from the northern part of Shanxi to Shanxi- Hebei junction is consisted with the focal mechanism of Zhuolu M4.3earthquake,which may be related with this earthquake,and the short term changes recover gradually after the earthquake.


This essay examines the instances in which the Supreme Court have--and have not--deadlocked following the death of Justice Scalia. It advances the hypothesis that the Justices appear to be searching for means of disposing of cases without affirming by an equally divided court.


response possible interactions of genes, sex, and the immune B in autoimmunity: κ A role for transcription factor NF-You might find this additional info useful... specialized courses and in the broader context of general biology education. It is published four times a year in is dedicated to the improvement of teaching and learning physiology, both in


Abstract : A laboratory study of the rate of heat transfer by convection and radiation to an object in direct contact with a flame was undertaken. The purpose was to devise a simplified mathematical procedure for computing the total heat transfer under these conditions based on these measurements. Another object of this work was to obtain sufficient information to design full scale field tests which can be used to test the validity of the mathematical model and the heat transfer rates as obtained in the laboratory. (Author)


Vincent John Bruno, equally ac complished as an artist, sailor, and ex pert on Greek and Roman painting, died of pneumo nia on 23 February 2008 in Sierra Vista, Arizona. Born in Manhattan, New York, on 8 Febru ary 1926, he was a graduate of Kenyon College and went on to study paint ing in Paris at the Ecole des Beaux U ancient art as an artist, illustrating and writing about it in a remarkably graceful style. He was drawn to Greece, of course, in search of the origins of the Ro man paintings of Campania; his first seminal article, "Antecedents of


A series of diarylidine cyclohexanones (1t-12t) have been prepared via ClasienSchmidt reaction then condensed with dimethyl sulphoxide through Michael-Claisen condensation to afford the corresponding fused heterocycles (13t-24t). The structures of the products were elucidated by the spectrum (UV, IR, 1 H-NMR). The suggested mechanisms for these reactions were investigated according to theoretical calculations, heat of formation (H.F.) and the steric energy (S.E.). Furthermore some of the products have been tested for their biological activity (antibacterial).


With growing human maritime activities, supporting low-cost and high-speed information services for users at sea has become imperative. However, traditional means of maritime communications fail to provide high rate services due to their high cost and limited bandwidth. In this paper, considering a base station ashore and several offshore relay nodes, we propose a cooperative multicast communication scheme for maritime users relying on joint beamforming (BF) optimization and relay design. Specifically, we decompose our proposed joint optimization problem into two subproblems, which can be solved by the feasible point pursuit successive convex approximation approach. Furthermore, an alternating optimization algorithm is proposed, which imposes an exponentially increasing complexity as a function of the number of BF elements and the number of relays, when aiming for finding the globally optimal solution. In order to reduce this excessive computational complexity, a low-complexity distributed algorithm is also conceived and its closed-form solution is derived. Finally, the simulation results provided show that our proposed algorithm is beneficial in terms of increasing both the throughput as well as the energy efficiency.


My dissertation examined how encoding strategies, recall, and metamemory shift across two study-test experiences. Differential recall of generate targets and read targets on Test 1 led participants to develop an improved encoding strategy for their more poorly recalled target type, thus eliminating differential recall on Test 2 (Experiment 1-3). However, recall also improved across tests for groups that were not tested on both target types on Test 1 (Experiment 2), and for groups that studied and recalled only one target type (Experiment 1). Participants' reported strategies (Experiment 1) and metamemory judgments (Experiment 3) were used to elucidate how and when people modify their encoding strategies in an effort to improve future memory performance. Overall, the present study confirmed that people can learn about the effectiveness of a study strategy both during studying and on a test, and revealed that this learning is more ubiquitous and varied than previous research suggested.


The purpose of this article is a theoretical and legal study of the problem of formulation of legal and regulatory models of procedure in the process of making laws in the context of application of rules and means of legislative technique, which will help to improve realization of rights, freedoms and duties of participants of legal relations. This research is based on philosophical worldview, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. The use of such basic philosophical worldview methods as dialectical, idealistic, material and metaphysical helped to study technical and legal requirements for formulation of normative and legal models of procedure in laws through the prism of the rule of law, effective realization of human and civil rights and freedoms. Among the basic scientific methods of studying this problem can be called: Logical, axiologic, system-structural, system-functional, modeling, forecasting, etc. In this article special methods such as special-legal, comparative law studies and others were applied. Results of the study: As a result of the study, the basic technical and legal requirements to the formulation of legal and regulatory models of the procedure in the process of drafting laws were proposed and disclosed. The main parameters and conditions for the formulation of appropriate legal and regulatory models of procedure are analyzed, among which are the following: The emergence of material and procedural norms should be synchronous; ideally, the procedural norms should be of the same legal force as the material ones; material and procedural rules should be agreed in terms of content; procedural rules should be placed in the same normative acts, which contain material rules, which aim at the implementation of procedural rules; procedural rules should not be applied to the substantive side of material rules, especially to them; procedural rules should be legal, constitutional, legal, democratic, accessible, consistent, defined, predictable, etc.; the legal procedure should provide the degree of detail necessary to achieve the legal result and at the same time be rational; procedural rules should not be bureaucratic; legal procedures should, if possible, have the properties of multivariance and dispositibility; the procedure requires means of providing: legal, material, organizational, etc. The general conclusion is drawn that in the sphere of application of rules and means of legislative technique, including those concerning formulation of legal and regulatory models of procedure in laws, there is a need to form and implement a general systemic approach to application of rules and means of creation and systematization of laws.


The aims of the research include determining the difference in specific forms of midlife crisis manifestation (the Marmor Тheory) as well as the type of deep psychological changes occurring in individuals (the Levinson Тheory) during midlife crisis among the scores of subjects of different ages and gender. The following instruments were used: the Midlife Crisis Scale, the Sex-Role Inventory, the adapted Loyola generativity scale, the adapted scale of preferred aloneness, and a list of the subjects' basic biodata. The sample included 600 respondents of which 200 were middle-aged, 200 were younger and older. The results demonstrated a difference in individual experiences and behaviors, characteristic of midlife crisis manifestation in individuals. To determine the difference in the degree of prominence of certain variables between the groups of subjects the following tests were used: the Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal Wallis test. The results show that the mechanism of denial with overcompensation is most pronounced between 25 and 30 years (χ 2 = 167,810, df = 10, p <0.001), decompensation (χ 2 = 44.524, df = 10, p <0.001) and the mechanism of denial with escape are most pronounced between 50 and 54 years (χ 2 = 160,904, df = 10, p <0.001), while creative and successful confrontation with crisis is most pronounced between 60 and 64 years (χ 2 = 196,810, df = 10, p <0.001). That means that the Marmor's theory is adequate when analyzing external manifestations of midlife crisis, but that the Levinson's theory needs to be revised when determining the boundaries of occurrence and the process of deep internal changes characteristic of this crisis. More precisely, this suggests that finding a new balance between masculinity and femininity (χ 2 =237.898, df=10, р<0.001), youth and old age (χ 2 =379.456, df=10, р<0.001), life gains and losses (χ 2 =40.136, df=10, р<0.001) and closeness and separation (χ 2 =27.919, df=10, р<0.001) is a long-term process and that most people, much later in life, become really aware of changes that took place in structure and internal dynamics.


The software engineering ideology Agile is becoming increasingly common in the field of software development in comparison with the traditional techniques. Graduates with an advanced understanding of software engineering methodologies are subject to software organizations. Agile has already introduced to the software engineering education through the university curriculum, because of its success. They have begun teaching Agile theoretically, in laboratories effectively and have also held workshops where qualitative experience is exchanged with learners. After having finalized the initiatives in the laboratory by pursuing agile values, this article seeks to fulfill the Agile commitment for witnessing the perception of students who are graduate of Software Engineering course. This paper intended to do a survey type analysis through students after completing their software engineering course, because when they will move to software organizations this will help them to cope up with Agile. They will not feel that they have fallen down to the ocean of Project Management.


The Case Based Reasoning (CBR) method is one of the methods to build a system that works by diagnosing new cases based on old cases that have occurred and providing solutions to new cases based on old cases with the highest similarity values. In this study, the authors apply CBR to diagnose diseases of children aged 1-12 years. Sources of system knowledge were obtained by collecting patient medical record files in 2014 and 2015. The calculation of similarity values using the Block City Gower method with a fairness value is 70%. This system can diagnose 10 illnesses based on 48 existing symptoms. The output of the system in the form of the illness experienced by the patient based on symptoms implanted by non-physician medical personnel, handling solution and presentation similarities with the previous case to show the truth level of the diagnosis. Based on the test of 83 new cases obtained system accuracy of 75,90%.


With respect to legal,there are some subtle distinctions among workers(staff members),employees,hired laborers and helpers,however,the civil liability of their personal injury acts in accordance with the common principles.The organization of workers,employers or those who are helped should bear the special liability for tort without fault.Whereas there are some differences between contractors and workers(staff members),employees,hired laborers or helpers,and the civil liability of their personal injury acts in accordance with different principles.The ordering party just bears half of the general liability for tort with fault.In the remote village those who help with the funeral arrangements should be classified as employees,not workers(staff members),hired laborers,helpers or contractors.When suffered from personal injuries,their employer should bear personal injury liability for compensation without fault.


In a complex environment, it can be difficult to assess the degree to which a continuous variable influences microbial community structure. We propose a method that involves using the community data to "predict" the value of the presumed dominant variable. The assumption is that in order to "predict" the variable the community composition must be sensitive to or affected by the variable in question. The concentration range over which the prediction is accurate should thus provide information on the concentrations that influence community structure. We explored this approach using T-RLFP data on at a site polluted by tannery wastes. We were able to use the microbial community structure measures to predict Cr concentration over a surprisingly wide range of concentration. Although, it appears from this work that this approach can give useful information about the relationships between microbial community structure and specific environmental conditions much further testing is required.


This study aimed to describe the application of the model of problem solving to improve learning outcomes flat wake and get up space on the fifth grade students of SDN 018 Langgini. Formulation of the problem in this research is how the application of the model of problem solving to improve mathematics learning outcomes in the wake flat material and geometry in grade students of SDN 018 Langgini. The research was conducted in class V SDN 018 Langgini. This study conducted by two cycles and each cycle held two meetings. The subjects were students of class V SDN 001 Salo totaling 15 people, with the number of male students 5 people, 10 men and women students. Data collection techniques used in this study is the observation, documentation, and testing. Based on the results of this study concluded that in the first cycle is still relatively quite with an average of 74.66, then of 15 students only 9 people or 60% of students who achieve mastery individually. The results of students in the second cycle is in excellent condition with an average of 88.00, and 14 students completed or 93.3% who achieve mastery individually. It can be concluded that with the application of problem solving can improve learning outcomes flat wake and get up space on the fifth grade students of SDN 001 Salo


In the 1950s and 1960s Ken Stevens and Morris Halle proposed a model for human speech recognition that incorporated analysis‐by‐synthesis. In the more recent past the notion of acoustic landmarks has arisen from the speech group at MIT as part of a model for human lexical access from features by human listeners. Here, it is proposed that these ideas are fruitful ones for incorporation into a method (constraint and refinement) for training a machine with its own vocal tract to imitate human speech, while learning the relation between articulation and acoustic output. The machine would be trained in stages starting with the attempts to imitate the sequence of relatively open articulations and closed articulations. Landmarks, based on acoustic criteria, would be placed near the peaks in the amplitude envelope, allowing the machine to constrain the type of articulatory activations. This constraining step would involve, initially, an overly restrictive set of phonotatic rules, such as all sequences are obstruent‐vowel sequences. The refining step would be the analysis‐by‐synthesis with the machine's vocal tract. As the stages progress, the machine would attend to more acoustic properties of the speech signal with different kinds of landmarks and increase the generality of the phonotatic rules.


For both historical and practical reasons, the Boolean satisfiability

problem (SAT) has become one of central importance in computer science.

One type of instances arises when the clauses are chosen uniformly

randomly \textendash{} random SAT. Here, a major problem, recently

solved for sufficiently large clause length, is the satisfiability

threshold conjecture. The value of this threshold is known exactly

only for clause length $2$, and there has been a lot of research

concerning its value for arbitrary fixed clause length.

In this paper, we endeavor to study the satisfiability threshold for random industrial SAT. There is as yet no generally accepted model of industrial SAT, and we confine ourselves to one of the more common features of industrial SAT: the set of variables consists of a number of disjoint communities,

and clauses tend to consist of variables from the same community.

Our main result is that the threshold of random community-structured SAT tends

to be smaller than its counterpart for random SAT. Moreover, under

some conditions, this threshold even vanishes.


The complexity of modern systems is continuously growing, thus demanding novel powerful development approaches.In this direction, model-driven and component-based software engineering have reached the status of promising paradigms for the development of complex systems. Moreover, in the embedded domain, their combination is believed to be helpful in handling the ever-increasing complexity of such systems.However, in order for them and their combination to definitively break through at industrial level, code generated from models through model transformations should preserve system properties modelled at design level.This research work focuses on aiding the preservation of system properties throughout the entire development process across different abstraction levels. Towards this goal, we provide the possibility of analysing and preserving system properties through a development chain constituted of three steps: (i) generation of code from system models, (ii) execution and analysis of generated code, and (iii) back-propagation of analysis results to system models.With the introduction of steps (ii) and (iii), properties that are hard to predict at modelling level are compared with runtime values and this consequently allows the developer to work exclusively at modelling level thus focusing on optimising system models with the help of those values.


It is necessary to apply surface modifications to carbon fibers in order to increase their reinforcing ability for composites. The surfaces of two kinds of carbon fibers, one developed from a partially stabilized fiber and the other fully stabilized, have been modified using air oxidation. The effects of stabilization on mechanical properties, density, morphology, elemental compositions, and microstructure are discussed in this article. During air oxidation, the carbon fibers developed from different stabilized fibers show a different oxidation behavior in the surface morphology. Optimum oxidation not only improves the tensile strength and the modulus, but also increases the density and oxygen content. The tensile strength of carbon fiber increases about 90% during optimum air oxidation. Results are discussed in detail.


Reactions to an alcoholic father affect peer and family relationships and school work, which reflect an adolescent's fears, anger, grief, low self-esteem, and poor sex identification. The role of the mother and what happens when sobriety is achieved are discussed.


This paper addresses low power design approaches for passive RFID transponder. It proposes a novel low power energy supply circuit, which includes amplitude limiter, rectifier circuit, analog power supply circuit, digital power supply circuit and high voltage power supply circuit. The simulation and measurement results show that proposed voltage rectifier, amplitude limiter and power supply circuit with low voltage checking can provide stable power supply voltage with a small input power and high conversion efficiency. It has been applied to a passive transponder chip design, which was fabricated successfully based on 0.35 μm CMOS process.


Objective To study the effect of different frequencies intermittent hypoxia on malondialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)of rat liver and to investigate the effect of Tempol.Methods To establish a chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)animal model in rats,in order to mimic the intermittent hypoxia/reoxygenation (IH/ROX) of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in humans.56 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups:4different IH frequencies groups (IH1:10 times/h,IH2:20 times/h,IH3:30 times/h,IH4:40 times/h with 5 % O2 ),the I H3+Tempol group (30T group),the IH3 +normal saline control group (30N group)and normoxia control group (NC group),each group of eight rats.After the experiment,we measured the levels of MDA,SOD and T-AOC in rat liver homogenate.Results The level of MDA in 4 different IH frequencies groups was higher than in NC group (all P <0.05),the activity of SOD,T-AOC were lower than in NC group (all P <0.05).And there was a trend as the IH frequency increased,the level of MDA was gradually increased,the activity of SOD and T-AOC were gradually decreased.The differences of MDA,SOD,T-AOC level were statistical significant between each two different IH frequencies groups (all P <0.05),except the differences between IH3 group and IH4 group (all P >0.05).Compared with IH3 group,30N group,the level of MDA in 30T group was decreased ( P <0.05),the activity of SOD,T-AOC were increased (all P <0.05),an> the levels of MDA,SOD,T-AOC in 30T group were not significant with in NC group (all P >0.05).The level of MDA in 4 different IH frequencies groups was negative correlation with the activity of SOD,T-AOC ( r were -0.721,-0.653 respectively,all P =0.000).Conclusions Different CIH frequencies had different degrees of injury of oxidative stress on rat liver,but the relationship between the degree of injury on liver and the CIH frequencies was not entirely a linear.Tempol could prevent the oxidative stress injury on the rat liver of CIH.

Key words:
Intermittent hypoxia; Oxidative stress; Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; Tempol


Abstract : The report presents extensive simulation results for an adaptive array with phase-switched AM signals. The results indicate that the array can provide suitable protection for these AM signals against CW interference. Interference rejection is slightly poorer at certain critical frequencies. However, the system performance is nevertheless still adequate at these frequencies for reliable communications.


The growing demand of actions for soil remediation has resulted in the development of alternative technologies, especially for applications of techniques in situ, caused for the many forms of contamination of soil and underground water with petroleum hydrocarbons. The present work proposed an electro-bioremediation technique to evaluate the capacity degradation of the pollutants through microorganisms present in the polluted soil. The monitoring of the degradation of hydrocarbons was accompanied through chemical analyses of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH), Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene (BTEX), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). The microbiological activity was monitored through analyses of Colony-Forming Unit (CFU). The results showed that rates of degradation of the xylene, toluene and ethylbenzene had an order of 69%, 60% and 10%. The microbiologic activity presented an increase of 12.5 times for the Mould and Yeasts, and of 178.5 times for aerobic microorganisms. The isolation and biodegradation analysis pointed the existence of 26 different morphotypes, of these, 20 morphotypes (77%) possess capacity to degrade hydrocarbons that, 60% were found in the areas of influence of the cathode and 40% of the anode. The yeast-like material was isolated and identified, where the predominant genus was Penicillium (50%), Paecilomyces 16.6%, Trichoderma 16.6 % and Cladosporium 16.6%.


Objective To study the presentation,treatment and outcome of ovarian malignancies in childhood and adolescence.Methods A total of 32 cases of ovarian malignancies in young women less than 20 years old between Jan 1997 and Dec 2002 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The median age at the time of diagnosis was 17 years(range 4~20 years).The main presenting symptoms were abdominal pain,tympanites and dysmenorrheal.The mean maximal tumor diameter was 13.2 cm.12 patients had stage I disease,8 had stage Ⅲ disease,and 1 had stage Ⅳ disease at the time of diagnosis.56% patients had malignant germ cell tomor,41% had epithelial malignancies,and only 3% had sex-cord stroma tumor.Most tumors were well differentiated,with 71% grade 1,16% grade 2 and 13% grade 3 disease.Optimal cytoreduction was achieved in 66%(21 /32) of patients in primary treatment.17 patients were treated with conservative surgery,and 27 patients with chemotherapy.The median follow-up was 42 months(range,2~120 months).8 patients died during the follow-up period,3 were alive with tumor,17 alive free of tumor,and 4 were lost to follow-up.The overall 3-year and overall 5-year survival rate was 92.8%,and 85.7%,respectively.Conclusion Young patients with ovarian carcinoma appear to have favorable stage and histologic grade and good survival.