The purpose of the work. The article is devoted to the definition of the features and essence of documentation support of the legal sphere. Methodology consists in the application of methods of analysis, synthesis, comparative method, with the help of which scientific works related to the subject of scientific research are studied. Scientific novelty. Lexicographic sources, scientific works, and normative-legal acts in which questions within the limits of the chosen subject of research were considered are analysed. The absence of the results of a comprehensive study on the issue of documentation support of the legal sphere has been established. It is stated that this does not allow the allocation of communicative areas for its improvement and their implementation. For the first time, the characteristic features are determined and the concept of the communication system of the legal sphere is formulated. Conclusions. The following features of documentation support of the legal sphere are defined: its implementation by creating conditions for legal activity in accordance with specific needs and requirements; their localisation in the context of documenting legal information and organisation of work with legal documents; connection of documentation support of the legal sphere with document science, which has a clear communicative aspect and has an impact on the formation of legal relations; nomination of a legal document as a carrier and source of information of a legal nature and a phenomenon of the information and communication sphere, which has a general communicative and special legal functions. The definition of documentation support of the legal sphere is formulated. It is the process of creating appropriate conditions for documenting information of a legal nature and organisation of office work, necessary for the interaction between participants in the communication system of legal entities, as well as the emergence, change or termination of legal relations.
Key words: documentation support, office work, legal sphere, communicative and legal functions of documentation support, documentation, organization of office work, document, document science.


This paper provides the results of applying parametric linear programing methods to estimate the agricultural demand function for imported water in the Pecos basin. A parametric linear programing model suitable for the Pecos basin is developed. Agricultural activities in which land is irrigated either by local or imported water and by either ditch or sprinkler irrigation are developed and adjusted for forecasted 1980 prices. These agricultural activities are used by the parametric linear programing model, and various agricultural demand functions are obtained for the Pecos basin. These functions show the expected quantities of imported irrigation water that would be demanded at different prices and under a variety of constraints.


Objective
To explore the impact of authentic leadership on silence behavior of nurses and test the mediating effect of organizational support.

Methods
The 354 valid questionnaires were collected using the a cross-sectional survey with Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, Perceived Organizational Support Scale and Silence Behavior Scale between September to November in 2015, using the multiple line hierarchical regression analysis to test the relationship between variables.

Results
Authentic leadership could significantly promote the perceived organizational support of subordinate nurses (β= 0.543, P<0.01), which in turn, significantly restrain silence behavior of subordinate nurses (β= -0.323, P <0.01), the perceived organizational support completely mediate the relationship between authentic leadership and silence behavior (β=0.175, P < 0.01).

Conclusions
By constructing the supporting work environment, authentic leadership can eliminates nurses' voice worry, motivates the voice motivation and efficiency, in turn to break the silence. This article propose the action mechanisms from three perspectives.

Key words:
Nurses; Authentic leadership; Perceived organizational support; Silence behavior


From an SA winery lab to teaching netball on a tropical island - the two jobs might be worlds apart but former Eyre Peninsula resident Gemma Northcott has made the leap.


BACKGROUND
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury often occurs in various clinical events, and its incidence and mortality have been increasing.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the value of contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the monitoring of dexamethasone in the improvement of renal I/R injury in rats.

METHODS
Eighteen healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, I/R, and I/R surgery plus dexamethasone treatment (Dexa) groups. In the I/R group 45-minute renal ischemia with 24 h reperfusion period was monitored. Time-intensity curve (TIC)-derived parameters, which included peak value, time to peak (TP), area under the curve (AUC), and mean transit time (MTT) were compared to the blood creatinine, urea, Caspase-1, and NLRP3 levels.

RESULTS
The I/R group showed an increased peak value, prolonged TP and MTT, and greater AUC (P < 0.05). The Dexa group showed shorter TP and MTT, and smaller AUC (P < 0.05). Results show that the associations between (i) TP, AUC, and MTT and (ii) creatinine, urea, Caspase-1, and NLRP3 levels were significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION
Dexamethasone can alleviate renal I/R injury in rats, which may be related to the inhibition of NLRP3 and caspase-1. CEUS can quantitatively measure this change, in which the changes in TP, AUC and MMT values have considerable reference values.


This presented diploma thesis is focused on compilation of the project as an adventurous tour to the Philippines for Czech tourists. In the theoretical part, attention is paid to the basic concepts of tourism and the aspects of its development. In the practical part, the selected destination is examined from supply to demand by using the available statistical data, interviews with experts and travel agent products. Obtained information is analyzed. In addition to setting a target group and project costing, there is some effort to clarify the available options of making created product.


5007 Background: Nomograms that predict prostate-specific antigen (PSA) defined biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy are the most widely used prediction tools in oncology for treatment decision making and counseling. While BCR universally antedates prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM), it is a limited surrogate endpoint due to its variable natural history. Nomograms that accurately predict the risk of PCSM are needed.

METHODS
Using Fine and Gray competing risk regression analysis, the clinical data and follow-up information of 11,521 patients treated with radical prostatectomy at four academic centers from 1987 to 2005 were modeled to predict PCSM. The model was externally validated on 12,893 patients treated at a separate institution during the same period.

RESULTS
The 15-year PCSM and all-cause mortality was 7% and 33%, respectively. The 15-year PCSM for patients with final pathological Gleason score 2-6, 3+4, 4+3, and 8-10 was 1%, 7%, 8%, and 49%, respectively. By pathologic stage, the risks were 2%, 7%, 29%, and 23% for organ-confined, extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion, and lymph node-positive prostate cancer. Of 3756 patients with organ-confined and Gleason 2-6 cancer, only 1 (0.03%) died from prostate cancer. Primary and secondary Gleason grade (p < 0.001 for both), seminal vesicle invasion (p < 0.001), and year of surgery (p = 0.002) were significant predictors of PCSM. A nomogram predicting 15-year PCSM based on pathologic parameters was accurate and discriminating with an externally-validated concordance index of 0.92.

CONCLUSIONS
A nomogram has been constructed that predicts the long-term risk of PCSM after radical prostatectomy based on the pathologic grade and stage of the cancer. The presence of poorly differentiated cancer and seminal vesicle invasion are the prime determinants of PCSM. Our study suggests that biomarkers may have limited empiric prognostic utility as PCSM can be accurately predicted once the pathologic features of prostate cancer are known. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Women, after childhood are rapidly attended by Gynecologists, even during puberty. They become their physicians and responsible for their follow-up. On the other hand, men routinely remain for a long period of time unattended until the 5th decade of life, when, in the best of scenarios, they visit a lot of professionals of several specialties. We could draw a long discussion about the need of medical attention between these two periods of life, but we will stick to check-up and follow-up of adult men. Usually as Urologists we are the first doctors these men interact with and at that moment we could play a definite role in providing global health evaluation. For more than one decade Brazilian Society of Urology has launched campaigns to promote Urologists as the doctor of men. With that in mind, it is important that we recognize which are the actual needs of periodical medical care for these men.


With the rapid development of social informatization, information plays a pivotal role in people's lives. The popularization of information has also brought serious information security problems, information security incidents become hot topics for the public. However, it is difficult for the researchers to quickly locate information security incidents because the information security topics are overwhelmed by massive news topics. To solve this problem, a modified LDA model using Python is proposed to improve the classification effect and accuracy of information security topics by perfecting the determination index of the number of topics. Simulation results show that the proposed method can obtain better classification performance compared with the traditional text classification method.


An extension of the Davidon-Fletcher-Powell algorithm to optimal control problems is suggested. An example is included to illustrate the use of the algorithm and compare its convergence properties with other well-known algorithms.


Purpose – There is limited research documenting recovery experiences of residential service users. The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions service users on methadone have about recovery. In depth, semi structured 1-1 interviews with seven poly drug using homeless males between the ages of 37 and 46 and analysed using NVivo software. Results are presented thematically. Participants conform to "recovery" norms allowing stigma and shame of illicit drug use to be attributed to former addict identities. Participants on methadone maintenance report inner conflict arising from changing societal and cultural norms that equate recovery with abstinence. Tensions were revealed in true motivations for active rather than passive participation in adopting group work norms. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative design utilises small numbers of participants to gather rich data. In depth, semi structured 1-1 interviews conducted with seven poly drug using homeless males who have completed between ten...


The Transport Direct multi-modal travel information service, launched by the UK Government, is intended to allow travellers to have the best possible information to enable them to make well-informed travel choices. The system, delivered by Atos Origin, with Atkins, RTEL and Microsoft, is initially a web portal but is likely to be available through mobile and other channels. The service is described as a world first in bringing together journey planning for private and public transport modes, integrating travel information and ticketing across transport modes. Transport Direct is said to have several development phases including domestic air travel and mixed-mode planning enabling journey planning with price criteria. Instead of collecting information, Transport Direct will rely on bringing together information that already exists thanks to other organisations standards that allows their information to be shared. The information sources include Ordnance Survey Mastermap and ITN products, Traveline public transport information service and the Journey Web protocol for journey information exchange. Other sources used by Journey Web for information processing include the national public transport gazetteer (NPTG), the public transport database of public transport access nodes (NaPTN) and Ordnance Survey grid references (OSGR). These sources provide a powerful location referencing system that allows inputs by end-users to be converted to journey planning enquiries. Support for these developments is Transmodel, the reference data model for public transport and Trident, the European research project.


Single-crystalline α-Fe2O3 hollow nanocrystals from nanotube to nanoring have been successfully synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. Size and shape control of the hollow nanocrystals is achieved by simple adjustments of reactants' concentration and molar ratio without any surfactant assistance. The steady absorption spectra indicate a size-dependent blue shift of these hollow nanocrystals. The femtosecond optically heterodyne optical Kerr effect measurements show that the sample that has the smallest diameter possesses the largest third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility. This is ascribed to the remarkably enhanced local electric field in the small particle in accord with finite-difference time-domain simulations. These results reveal that both size and shape of these hollow nanocrystals have significant contributions to their optical response.


We present an approach to the design of complex logic ICs, developed from four premises. First, the responsibilities of a chip's major components, and the communication between them, should be separated from the detailed implementation of their functionality. Design of this abstract architecture should precede definition of the detailed functionality. Secondly, graphic vocabularies are most natural for describing abstract architectures, by contrast with the conventional textual notations for describing functionality. Thirdly, such information as can be expressed naturally and completely in the idiom of the abstract architecture should be automatically translated into more complex, lower-level vocabulary. Fourthly, the notations can be integrated into a single, consistent design-capture and synthesis system. PICSIL is a preliminary implementation of a design environment using this approach. It combines an editor and a synthesis driver, allowing a design's abstract architecture to be created using a graphical notation based on Data Flow Diagrams and state machines, and its functionality to be designed using a more conventional textual hardware description language. On request, it also translates a design into appropriate input for synthesis software, and controls the operation of that software, producing CIF files suitable for fabrication. Thus computer systems become appropriate for ab initio design production rather than post facto design capture.


Background The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of non-invasive coronary angiography using Multi-Slice Computed Tomography (MSCT) with invasive coronary angiography. Continuous technological advances in hardware acquisition and software processing are steadily improving its accuracy in the detection of coronary artery obstruction. Methods 98 consecutive patients who underwent MSCT coronary angiography were subsequently studied by invasive coronary angiography. A total of ..... native main vessels, secondary branches and bypass grafts were analyzed by two sets of blinded observers. Lesions causing ≥ 50% stenosis were considered significant. CT angiography was performed with a 16 slice helical CT, with isotropic images, 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 cubic voxel, 400 msec gantry rotation, and retrospective EKG gating. Analysis was performed using 3D volume rendering with vessel probing, and standard axial, coronal and sagital Maximal Intensity Projection (MIP) views. Results Compared with invasive digital angiography, coronary MSCT angiography of the main coronary arteries demonstrated a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 96%, with a positive predictive value of 89%, and a negative predictive value of 99%. Overall sensitivity and specificity for all coronary arteries, their branches and bypass grafts was 95% and 98% respectively; with a positive predictive value of 92%, and a negative predictive value of 99%, with a 95% confidence level. Non-assessability was at 2.1%. Conclusions This data indicates that MSCT coronary angiography has reached a high sensitivity and specificity in the non-invasive diagnosis of coronary obstructive disease. This level of accuracy will likely impact on the use of diagnostic invasive coronary angiography.


Compared with traditional teaching mode, network teaching has advantages, but its defects are obvious. This paper selected some samples and analyzed them according to certain standards, pointed out the shortcomings of modern network education teaching, and finally put forward some suggestions and measures from the aspects of education mode, resource integration, system norms and so on.


High speed railway is a fast and energy-efficient mode of transport in continuous growth that needs efficient control and security systems. In this work we present the results of field tests concerning the application of fiber optic sensors applied to the high speed trains infrastructure with the final aim of improving the current strategies of maintenance and increasing the safety level of the network. The intrinsic both electrical and magnetic insulation of the fiber optic makes it the ideal medium for this environment where electromagnetic interference reaches very high levels. Moreover the resistance to a wide range of temperature and to environmental corrosion of fiber optic together with a great sensor multiplexing capability and the low attenuation make railway fiber optic sensor application close to ideal. On one side we studied the application of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors for the monitoring of railway infrastructure and the possibility to embed them in composite materials such as those used in the train wagon. We performed the monitoring of a rail track of the high speed line Madrid-Barcelona at KP 69.500, @(40.624358,-3.093255), where the trains are tested during commercial operation with maximum speeds between 250 and 300 km/h. The FBG sensor interrogation system used allows the simultaneous monitoring of four FBG sensors at 10 ksamples/s. We prove that the different position of the FBG sensors in relation with the rail can be used for different purposes such as train identification, axle counting (track circuit, for occupation checking of critical sections -such as tunnels-), speed and acceleration calculation (to optimize train scheduling), wheel imbalance detection (to reduce derailment risks), dynamic load calculation (for load estimation, to optimize train scheduling, for studying wear effects) and wheel imperfections monitoring (to minimize wear effects and derailment risks scheduling a wheel maintenance). A removable FBG-sensor device was also proposed to be rapidly mounted to the rail and, in any moment, moved to any other position along the line, capable, in this way, of reducing the costs of installation of fiber optic sensors. We show results about the real time structural monitoring, in the viaduct over the river Jarama located in the KP 23.609 @(40.401315,-3.506577) of the high-speed line Madrid-Barcelona, with the objective of demonstrating that FBG-sensors are capable to measure stress in complex structures and that are useful instruments to complete the monitoring for the train infrastructures. At the same time, we developed a polarimetric current sensor based on Faraday effect for the monitoring of catenary current in changeover sections. We used a low-cost all-fiber configuration that fulfils the requirements of light weight, robustness, sensitivity and accuracy desired for this application. The optical configuration is extremely simplified through the use of few cost-effective, all-fiber devices with a simplified alignment. It allows high sensitivity for low current values, demonstrating a resolution below the ampere level with a dynamic range up to $500\; A$. The setup is electronically self-referenced to reduce the effect of small misalignments in the polarization, power variations in the optical source, temperature changes, birefringence and bending-induced attenuation in the lead fiber. The field tests are performed in the high-speed line Madrid-Barcelona in Anchuelo in the KP 44.254 @(40.463383,-3.29556)) both during commercial operation and with test train simulating fault conditions. Key words: Optical fiber, Bragg gratings, FBG, Strain Sensor, Structural monitoring, High Speed Train, Composite material, Temperature Compensation, Weight-In-Motion, Dynamic Load, Comfort, wear, rail, out-of-roundness, wheel flat, wheel condition, wheel state, current sensor, polarimetric sensor, Faraday effect.


The Covid-19 pandemic outbreak had a devastating effect on the economic sector in Indonesia, especially in the tourism sector. This study aims to reveal the impact Covid-19 on the Indonesia tourism sector especially the virtual hotel operation. This research uses a qualitative approach and content analysis as data mapping of Indonesia online media content. Nvivo-12 plus software is used to manage and analyze the data. The results of this research pandemic covid 19 outbreaks have an impact on the economy of Indonesia and affect startup virtual hotel operations (especially Airy rooms) to the point of closing operations in Indonesia. This research provides some insight into future research opportunities in the new normal conditions in tourism sector operation


ABSTRACT Slope failure and soil erosion due to increased development activity in hilly areas can be catastrophic and affect the environment and humans' well-being. This article investigates the parameters that contribute to environmental risk. Nine contributing parameters were identified. Rating the risk was proposed based on the prediction of occurrences of environmental issues and were categorized from very high (5) to very low (1) with high, medium, and low in between. The assessments were reviewed and evaluated based on rating for the chosen parameters. Maps quantifying risks were developed identifying areas of environmental risk. The overall result shows that development areas PD3 of Tanjung Bungah, and PD3, PD8, and PD9 of Paya Terubong have high rating of environmental risk. No development area is classified as very high risk or very low risk. The rating can be used to develop zones of potential high risk, and from this zoning guideline the viability can be measured for any proposed development.


Enzymatic method was used to removal flaxseed gum from flaxseed.The influences of different enzymes,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature,time,pH,the amounts of enzyme,ratio of material to liquid on the removal of flaxseed gum were studied.On the basis of single factor test and orthogonal experiment,it has been found that the optimum condition for enzymatic hydrolysis of removal flaxseed was:pectinase as enzyme preparation,temperature was 55 ℃,time was 4 h,pH was 3.5,amounts of the enzyme was 100.0 u/g and the ratio of material to liquid was 1:6,then could removaled the flaxseed gum 9.53 g.


The multi-net Global Routing Problem (GRP) is a problem of routing a set of nets subject to resources and delay constraints. Many modern routers use FLUTE (Fast Lookup Table Based Rectilinear Steiner Minimal Tree Algorithm for VLSI Design) as the basic method to construct Steiner trees. Here we first give another method MAD (Modified Algorithm Dijkstra) to construct timing-driven Steiner trees for each net. The Elmore delays of the trees constructed by MAD and FLUTE are almost same. Next we describe the Gradient algorithm which is used to reduce the congestion. We implemented our algorithm on ISPD 98 benchmarks and compared the wire length and maximum overflow of our router with Labyrinth Predictable Router. Our router performs better in terms of wire length and is much faster.


The present invention relates to a magnetic device for tracking the absolute position of the input shaft that can be rotated over 360 °, the magnetic device is the main magnetic sensors (2, 6), the motion reduction gear (1, 4) and a secondary magnetic sensor (7 includes, 9). The main and the magnetic sensor (2, 6) includes a rotor coupled to (5), 360 ° below the main magnet measuring the rotation of the input shaft, and with respect to the angular ranges of (2). The motion reduction gear (1, 4) and converting the rotation of the input shaft as the reduced rotation, and the maximum size does not exceed 360 °. The auxiliary magnetic sensors (7, 9) measures a reduced rotation, and an auxiliary magnet 9. According to the invention, the auxiliary magnet 9 is disposed between the main rotor (5), an upper plane and a lower plane of the main magnet (2) has a pole of P pairs, where P is greater than one.


Objective:To investigate whether metfor min affected serum concen trations of insulin and sex hormones and to explore the mechanisms of PCOS thera py with metformin and it's clinical effects. Methods:Tw enty-four PCOS women wi th hyperinsulinemia participated in the study and were administered with metform in at a dose of 500mg three times a day for 8 weeks. Serum insulin and sex hormo nes were evaluated before and then after a 8 week metformin therapy. Results:Metformin induced a significant decrease in serum insulin and testosterone levels (P0.01). It also led to an increase in insulin sen sitivity index(P0.01). No significant difference in serum sex hormone-biding globulin ( SHBG) were observe d after metformin therapy(P0.05). Conclusions: Met formin can decrease serum in sulin and testosterone levels, improve the micro-environment of ovary, thus metf ormin is an important therapy for PCOS.


Exercise performance is the integration of the physical load, the physiological response and the psychophysiological assessment of the task. Affective state modulates perceptions and motivation for the task performance. We hypothesized that the subject's rating of their Urge‐to‐Stop (RUS) in a backpack walking task will be modulated by affective responses and there will be subgroups of high responders (HiR) vs. low responders (LoR). Each subject participated in a control (no backpack weight) and experimental trial (backpack weight=40% body weight). Subjects completed a 1.6 mile exercise task on a treadmill with 8 periodic inclines of 0.1 mile. SAM scores were obtained before and after the walking task. Participants O2 consumption (VO2), CO2 production (VCO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and psychophysical perception measures were recorded at the end of each incline. There were no significant perceptual differences among participants with the control task. There were significant differences in subject perceptual of RUS with experimental task. There were 2 subgroups with significant differences in RUS. The RUS increase during the loaded backpack trial in LoR was significantly less than HiR. There were no significant HiR‐LoR differences in the HR, RR, VO2 and VCO2 response to the increased load exercise tasks. SAM results for the HiR had decreased valence, increased arousal and decreased control. These results suggest that RUS during an exercise task includes an affective perceptual element and HiR greater affective responses to the task may have contributed to a higher RUS. These results also suggest the affective state of the participant is a determinant of the subject task motivation and may determine, in part, exercise performance.


The invention discloses a method for patterning a sapphire substrate by combining wet etching and dry etching. The method comprises the following steps of: depositing a layer of silicon dioxide film on the sapphire substrate; preparing a photoresist masking film with a pattern on the silicon dioxide film through lithography; etching the lithography pattern onto the silicon dioxide film; etching the pattern onto the sapphire substrate by a method of combining wet etching and short-time dry etching, wherein the patterned silicon dioxide film serves as a masking film; and removing the silicon dioxide film through wet etching, cleaning the sapphire substrate and finishing the preparation of the patterned sapphire substrate. Because of the combination of wet etching and dry etching and the optimization of related technical parameters, the etching speed is guaranteed, the etching cost is reduced, better pattern precision can be achieved, and good etching effect can be achieved. The patterned sapphire substrate can be applied to the epitaxial growth of nitrides with low dislocation density and high crystal quality.


Abstract : The proliferation of mobile Internet technology grants the average global citizen immediate access to information and the ability to posit opinions, i.e. influence, at near-real-time speed. The amalgam of 24/7 news networks, mass media, the Internet, and social media (the mediaverse), coupled with mobile technology, influences strategy in three ways. First, it is a national security challenge and opportunity. Second, it influences the character of war. Third, it is forcing an evolution of the strategic environment. The successful strategic leader must be not just aware but au courant on the challenges and opportunities presented by the mediaverse. Improved processes, tools, and education are required to adapt to mediaverse influencers. The most significant systemic improvement is the addition of a robust strategic feedback loop in the strategy formulation model. This can be accomplished by better integrating information operators into campaign planning and mission execution to surveil the mediaverse to assess content and on-going events to provide a robust assessment of the information environment. Formal developmental education should expand current media training to include skillful reconnaissance of, and engagement in, the mediaverse.


: Symbolic boundaries are fundamental for creating and upholding personal identities and broader cultures. We argue that although it is often emphasized that symbolic boundaries are used for establishing narrative identities, they also have critical impact on behavior and interpersonal interactions. Using a combination of ethnographic fieldwork, interviews, and visual data from a study of people who use methamphetamine in Alabama, USA, we show how women use stories and images to draw symbolic boundaries between themselves and others who use drugs. These boundaries made sense of their meth use, but were also an idealized guide for behavior, served to control drug use, and aided in the negotiation of personal relationships. We argue that maintaining boundaries through stories and images is particularly important for stigmatized people with drug problems, as such boundaries provide self-worth and serve as ideals to be lived up to. Symbolic boundaries can thus reduce harmful drug use and be an important means for exercising control and agency at the margins of society.


The safety management for opening inspection of sphere bulk LPG is discussed,the safety must be emˉphasized in each steps of the inspection.For safety manˉagement,so called"four totals"must be performed,some concerned managements are pointed out,such as outer construction team,different works,field works and relaˉtive measurements,the key points should be brought forˉward,and carefully management should be taken into consideration.


Dimorphic transition of some fungal pathogens is an important attribute of some pathogenic fungi. The human pathogen Sporothrix schenckii is a dimorphic fungus, capable of growth either as filamentous hyphae or as yeast budding cells in response to environmental conditions. In the present study we report the phenotypic characteristics of the morphological mutant UVM9, obtained from a clinical isolate of Sporothrix schenckii. Mutant strain could not develop as budding cell, though it switches to hyphae cells shape at any culture condition. However the polarized growth and extension of the germ tube could not be sustained and abnormal short and thick hypha with atypical conidia-like cells were observed. Resistance phenotype to drugs, which target cytoskeleton and cell wall suggest that the integrity of these structures is altered in the mutant. Pleiotropic phenotype could be explained by an alteration in the tubulin cytoskeleton.


A fracture analysis of indentation‐induced delamination of thin films is presented. The analysis is based on a model system in which the section of film above the delaminating crack is treated as a rigidly clamped disc, and the crack extension force is derived from changes in strain energy of the system as the crack extends. Residual deposition stresses influence the cracking response by inducing buckling of the film above the crack and by providing an additional crack driving force once buckling occurs. A relation for the equilibrium crack length is derived in terms of the indenter load and geometry, the film thickness and mechanical properties, the residual stress level, and the fracture toughness of the interface. The analysis provides a basis for using controlled indentation cracking as a quantitative measure of interface toughness and for evaluating contact‐induced damage in thin films.


This paper studies local control of discrete-time periodic linear systems subject to input saturation by using the multi-step periodic invariant set approach. Multi-step periodic invariant set refers to a set from which all trajectories will enter a periodic invariant set after finite steps, remain there forever, and eventually converge to the origin as time approaches infinity. A couple of problems including the (robust) estimation of domain of attraction, (robust) local stabilization, and disturbance rejection are considered. Compared with the conventional periodic invariant set approach which has been used in the literature for local stability and stabilization of discrete-time periodic linear systems subject to input saturation, this new invariant set approach is capable of significantly reducing the conservatism by introducing more auxiliary variables in the set invariance conditions. Moreover, the new approach allows to design (robust) stabilizing periodic controller whose period is the same as the open-loop system, which is different from the existing periodic enhancement approach by which the period of the controller is multiple times of the period of the open-loop system. Several numerical examples are worked out to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Brazed aluminum heat exchangers have superior heat transfer capabilities and can be cost-effective for noncorrosive gases and liquids compared to traditional shell-and-tube exchangers. Even so, brazed aluminum exchangers are often not considered due to complicated design equations and complex stacking arrangements. The simpler, yet less efficient, shell-and-tube exchangers or networks of shell-and-tubes are used instead. Even though brazed exchangers should only be used with relatively clean process streams, the advantages of close temperature approaches, true countercurrent flow and a unique ability to exchange heat with multiple streams make them viable alternatives to traditional shell-and-tube exchangers. Recently, process simulators have added design equations for multistream brazed aluminum heat exchangers for both single- and multi-phase flow. Thus, engineers can more readily make comparisons between the different exchangers. Guidelines for designing a brazed exchanger are presented and the brazed exchanger is compared with traditional shell-and-tube exchangers and networks of exchangers in four examples. For these examples, the brazed exchangers occupy significantly less volume than the corresponding shell-and-tube exchangers or networks. Given the power to make these exchanger comparisons easily, engineers can make informed decisions about heat exchanger equipment, resulting in increased performance and profits.


The SAR image and the multispectral image are both used for dynamic monitoring, mineral resources investigation, urban and rural monitoring and evaluation, traffic network exploration, forest resources investigation, desertification monitoring, and so on. The multi-spectral and SAR image fusion to improve the classify quality is discussed in this paper, compared the common fusion algorithms of the SAR image and multi spectral images, that is standard color transform (Brovey) method, phase recovery (Gram-Schmidt) method and color space transform (HSV) method, principal component transformation super resolution (PCA) method and Bias method (Pansharp), by which the fused image is more relative with the multi-spectral and SAR.


The work presented in this thesis involves the characterization of a small plasmid, pHD2, of approximately 2 kb in size from Bacillus thuringiansis subspecies kurstaki HDl-Dipel. The plasmid was cloned and sequenced and compared to other plasmids from Gram-positive bacteria for which sequence information was available and for which replication functions had been assigned. Homology between the predicted amino acid sequence of an open reading frame within pHD2 and the rep gene products of the pT181 group of staphylococcal plasmids suggested a common method of plasmid replication. The further identification of possible plus and minus origins indicated that pHD2 was a member of a family of plasmids replicating via a single-stranded DNA intermediate. Plasmid replication control in the staphylococcal plasmids pT181, pC221 and pS194 involves a negative control circuit using countertranscripts. Replication control in the case of pHD2 may utilize an alternative system involving the gene product of a second small open reading frame with homology to RepA of pLSl in which replication control is achieved by the binding of the repA gene product to the promoter region of the replication protein repB.

pHD2 is the first plasmid from a Bacillus thuringiensis isolate to which replication functions have been assigned. The work presented here suggests pHD2 to be a member of the ssDNA family of plasmids and extends the range of such plasmids which have been characterized with the suggestion that this group contains, in addition to the highly related staphylococcal plasmids, a number of more distantly related members. Additionally, chimeric plasmids containing pHD2 and pBR322 have been demonstrated to show structural instability, although not segregational instability, in an alternative Bacillus thuringiensis host. Consequently, the use of such constructs in the cloning of heterologous genes in Bacillus thuringiensis in such a system may prove impractical at this stage with further work being required in order to overcome these problems and extend the exploitation of this industrially important family of entomopathogenic bacteria.


This article deals with the issue of online chatter detection during milling. The aim is to achieve a verification of the reliability and robustness of selected methods for the detection of chatter that can be evaluated on the machine tool in real time by using the accelerometer signal. In the introductory part of the paper, an overview of the current state of the art in the field of chatter detection is summarized. Entropic methods have been selected that evaluate the presence of chatter from the qualitative behavior of the signal rather than from the magnitude of its amplitude, because the latter can be affected by the transmission of vibrations to the accelerometer position. Another criterion for selection was the potential for practical implementation in a real-time evaluation of the accelerometer signal, which is nowadays quite commonly installed on machine tools. The robustness of the methods was tested with respect to tool compliance, which affects both chatter occurrence and vibration transfer to the accelerometer location. Therefore, the study was carried out on a slender milling tool with two different overhangs and on a rigid roughing tool. The reference stability assessment for each measurement was based on samples of the machined surface. The signals obtained from the accelerometer were then post-processed and used to calculate the chatter indicators. In this way, it was possible to compare different methods in terms of their ability to achieve reliable in-process detection of chatter and in terms of the computational complexity of the indicator.


Background: 17% in the world with diabetes is from India. Chronic inflammation plays a central role in the development and progression of diabetes and in the pathogenesis of its complication. NLR should be used as a marker of diabetic control level ln addition to HbA1C ln type 2 diabetic subjects. RDW might be considered as an effective predictive index in the evaluation of diabetic nephropathy or diabetes associated complications. MPV is higher in those who have microvascular complications such as retinopathy or Microalbuminuria. Objective: To study the changes in various haematological parameters in type 2 diabetic mellitus patients. To assess Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume (MPV), HbA1c cand RDW as a predictive inflammatory marker in type 2 diabetic mellitus. To correlate the haematologicalchanges in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients associated with diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. Material and Method: It's a case control study included 200 sample – 100 case (diabetic) and 100 control (non-diabetic). Results: 200 patients included in study 100 cases (diabetic) in which 57.8% (male) and 42.2% (female) has diabetes. Most of the age group between 55-65 yrs of age (38%) has diabetes NLR raised in diabetic group shows significant value (0.001). MPV raised in diabetic group and is significant (0.0001). PLR raise in diabetic group as compared to control group shows significance (0.0001) and HbA1c raised in patient with microvascular complication. RDW significantly raised in case than control group. Conclusion: In this study with non- diabetic group as control, haematological parameter in diabetic patients in outdoor patient department and during hospital stay analysed found that patient with microvascular complications and with raised HbA1C (>7.5%) has significantly raised NLR, PLR, MPV, RDW. Simple complete blood count can be used as an effective tool to monitor glycemic regulation in type 2 DM.


Purpose: To report a rare case of concealed penis that was aggravated by circumcision and simple way of treatment using skin flap. The concealed penis is a primarily pediatric disease and is usually treated by urologists. The plastic surgeons tend to see these patients when it become secondary deformation or in conjoinment with other specialties. In such situation, the plastic surgeons do not have many experiences.Methods: A 3-year-old boy was admitted with aggravated concealed penis after circumcision in congenital webbed penis. Patient had been operated with scar revision and skin flap and peri operative antibiotics.Results: The patient recovered well without any complication such as infection, hematoma and necrosis of flap. Patient was discharged POD#7 with remaining sutures. Patient was followed up for 7 months and he has no sign of erectile dysfunction, voiding dysfunction and evidence of inflammation of the urinary system.Conclusion: We experienced a case of concealed penis that was aggravated from aggressive circumcision in congenital webbed penis.


VANETs or vehicular ad hoc networks are essential & promising research areas in the ad hoc networks field. The core objective to set up VANET can upgrade road safety & diminish accidents quantity. Routing has been a complex task in VANET as the nodes are highly mobile and consequently, topology alters very quickly. Hence, it is difficult to distribute packets within the minimum period. Contemporary routing protocols cannot meet all demands and issues in VANETs routing. To provide a suitable routing protocol, the crucial factor is to analyze the VANET's protocols for routing. Hence, the paper begins by presenting the fundamental structural design of VANETs to provide a thorough account of several available routing procedures that incorporate their benefits and drawbacks. The paper concludes by providing a summary of the available routing protocols that are used in VANETs.


Abstract I describe morphological and ecological characteristics including habitat use, diet, and male and female reproductive cycles of Mabuya longicaudata, an oviparous lizard inhabiting a tropical island off the coast of Taiwan. Nearly 50% (n  =  76) of individuals observed were in holes in a concrete wall that had higher temperatures than other microhabitats. The diet consisted mostly of orthopterans (31.1%), coleopterans (20.5%), and hemipterans (15.2%). Four prey categories, Tettigoniidae, crickets, Scarabaeidae, and Cicadellidae, dominated the diet, and some lizards' stomachs contained plant food, including seeds, leaves, and fruit. The mean snout-vent length (SVL) of adult males (n  =  71) was 118.7 mm (range 100.9–130.4), and that of females (n  =  82) was 113.5 mm (range 98.1–126.8). Females exhibited a spring vitellogenic period with parturition occurring from February to August. The onset of vitellogenesis showed a negative correlation with the mass of the female fat bodies. Females produced one to 13 eggs per clutch, and clutch size was positively correlated with SVL. Two clutches were suggested during a single year in some individuals. Testis mass showed cyclical changes with a maximum in the breeding months from January to July. Male fat bodies exhibited the lowest mass from January to June, coincident with the period of reproductive activity. Clutch size in other Mabuya species are compared with those in M. longicaudata.


The mechanism of the antihypertensive effects of beta-blocking agents has not been fully elucidated. However, several possible mechanisms have been proposed: (1) competitive antagonism of catecholamines at peripheral (especially cardiac) adrenergic neuron sites, leading to decreased cardiac output; (2) a central effect leading to reduced sympathetic outflow to the periphery; and (3) suppression of renin activity.


The optical forces can be used to manipulate the particles whose dimensions ranging from some tens of nanometers to larger than a hundred nanometers. An electromagnetic wave exerting force on a metal particle at the wavelength far from the particle's plasmon resonance wavelength resembles trapping high refractive index dielectric particle. When designing the optical trapping experiments, we must consider the power of the incident light, the optical force produced by the incident light and the size of the particle being manipulated. The trapping of dielectric nanoparticles was studied with numeric simulation of Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. We use the total-field/scattered-field consistency boundary approach in FDTD method to simulate the focused incident beam interacting with the dielectric particles. The ten-cell-thick uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UPML) absorbing boundary condition is introduced to simulate the extension of the computation domain to infinity. The result field distributions in FDTD then are substituted into the Maxwell stress tensor to calculate the optical forces. The numeric simulation demonstrates the possibility of trapping dielectric particles transversely whose radii are comparable to wavelength.


We obtain gravitational field solutions far from the core (f ≈ 1) of nonlinear global k-monopoles in an asymptotically dS/AdS spacetime. Specifically we consider two explicit examples, K(X) = —X — β-2X2 and K(X) = —X/(1 + X1/3/β2/3). Using different ansatz for metric, we obtain metric spacetime for conical topology or compactification.


The understanding of the particle spectra resulting from acceleration in relativistic shocks as they occur in extragalactic sources, is essential for the interpretation of the cosmic ray spectrum above the ankle ($E_p>3\cdot 10^{18}$ eV). It is believed that extragalactic sources like Active Galactic Nuclei and Gamma Ray Bursts can produce particle spectra up to $E_p\sim 10^{21}$ eV. In this contribution, subluminal shocks are investigated with respect to different shock boost factors $\Gamma$ and the inclination angle between the shock normal and the magnetic field $\psi$. A correlation between the boost factor and the spectral behavior of the emitted particles is found. The results are compared to Active Galactic Nuclei and Gamma Ray Burst diffuse cosmic ray contribution and the observed cosmic ray spectrum at the highest energies.


Recently published classification criteria for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)[1]require, to be applied, a diagnosis of small- or medium-vessel vasculitis, without specifying how that diagnosis should be made. Histologically, EGPA is characterized by eosinophil-rich and necrotizing granulomatous inflammation together with necrotizing vasculitis, predominantly affecting small to medium vessels. Some of these features are not specific for EGPA and may be seen in other forms of ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV). Current guidelines on the management of AAV recommend biopsies to assist in establishing a new diagnosis and for further evaluation of patients with suspected relapse[2]. Therefore, biopsies are essential tools for the diagnosis, classification and management of these diseases.To describe the histopathological findings, diagnostic yield and the most common localizations of biopsies performed to assist in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with EGPA.Medical charts of patients with EGPA regularly followed at our department were reviewed to retrieve the number and localization of biopsies, as well as biopsy findings including proportion of a) eosinophil-rich extravascular inflammation, b) granulomas and/or c) necrotizing vasculitis. Biopsies were performed if patients presented symptoms in any given and most accessible localization (at diagnosis) or if they were necessary to confirm active disease (during follow-up).Among 59 EGPA patients regularly controlled at our department, a total of 163 biopsies were performed on 54 of them. In 44 patients (81.5%), 89 biopsies were performed at diagnosis and in 27 (50%), 74 biopsies were performed during follow-up. A total of 37 biopsies in 26 patients (48.1%) had proven vasculitis. A total of 7 biopsies in 5 patients (9.3%) had proven granuloma. A total of 87 biopsies in 42 patients (77.8%) had proven eosinophil-rich extravascular inflammation. The main localizations were: ear, nose and throat (ENT, 49 biopsies), respiratory (31), skin (25), gastrointestinal (GI, 18), muscular (14), nerve (12), bone marrow (8), renal (4) and temporal artery biopsy (TAB, 2). Among them, at least 1 typical histological feature detailed above was found in: ENT 38/49 biopsies (sensitivity of 77.6%), respiratory 15/31 (48.4%), skin 23/25 (92%), GI 10/18 (55.6%), muscular 4/14 (28.6%), nerve 5/12 (41.7%), bone marrow 6/8 (75%), renal 4/4 (100%) and TAB 1/2 (50%). A total of 57 biopsies performed in 29 patients (53.7%) showed none of the typical findings described above, although only 6 patients had all their biopsies without abnormal findings. These results are summarized in Table 1.Multiple tissues are biopsied in clinical practice to assist in the diagnosis and evaluation of patients with EGPA, according to the multi-organ nature of this disease. Biopsies are more frequently obtained from accessible sites such as ENT or skin and usually dictated by clinical manifestations. In our cohort, the highest sensitivity was obtained from kidney, skin, ENT, bone marrow? and GI tract.[1]Grayson et al, Ann Rheum Dis 2022[2]Yates et al, Ann Rheum Dis 2016Table 1.Biopsies in the EGPA cohort (N=59)Patients with biopsy: 54 (91.5%)At diagnosis: 44 (81.5%); 89 biopsies During follow-up: 27 (50%); 74 biopsiesHistological findingsVasculitisPatients with vasculitis: 26 (48.1%)At diagnosis: 22 (40.7%)During follow-up: 5 (9.3%)GranulomaPatients with granuloma: 5 (9.3%)At diagnosis: 3 (5.6%)During follow-up: 2 (3.7%)Eosinophil-rich inflammationPatients with eosinophil-rich inflammation: 42 (77.8%)At diagnosis: 31 (57.4%)During follow-up: 23 (42.6%)Main localizations of biopsies, n (with at least 1 histological finding, n)At diagnosisDuring follow-upTotalENT21 (16)28 (22)49 (38)Respiratory13 (6)18 (9)31 (15)Skin15 (14)10 (9)25 (23)Gastrointestinal3 (3)15 (7)18 (10)Muscular13 (4)1 (0)14 (4)Nerve12 (5)0 (0)12 (5)Bone marrow6 (5)2 (1)8 (6)Renal4 (4)0 (0)4 (4)Vascular (temporal artery biopsy)2 (1)0 (0)2 (1)This study was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project PI18/00461, part of Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013–2016, and co-funded by the European Union. Roberto Ríos-Garcés is a recipient of a Río Hortega grant from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (CM19/00032).Roberto Ríos-Garcés: None declared, José Hernández-Rodríguez: None declared, Sergio Prieto-González: None declared, Maria C. Cid Paid instructor for: Vifor, GSK, Consultant of: GSK, Abbvie and Janssen, Grant/research support from: Kiniksa, Georgina Espígol-Frigolé Consultant of: Janssen.


Despite its vast resources and overabundance of food, the United States performs poorly compared to other rich nations when it comes to food security. This Article incorporates a human rights perspective that foregrounds the right to food, arguing that the establishment of such a right is key to ending hunger in the United States. The Article then explores legal strategies that could be pursued to alleviate hunger in the United States. It argues that international law can have an influence in shaping the discussion on food insecurity in the United States and in institutionalizing the right to food. Indeed, international law serves as supplementary evidence to support the notion that the United States lags behind other nations when it comes to human rights. In turn, this evidence provides the foundation for judicial interpretation that strengthens human rights by bringing them into alignment with international norms. The Article also examines a legal remedy that has often been applied to the issue—protecting the right to share food. Despite the short-term relief that such a right can provide, the Article argues that the right to share food will not decrease food insecurity and may, paradoxically, exacerbate hunger. The Article concludes that a growing recognition that the United States is out of sync with other rich nations in addressing hunger, while disheartening, may provide the basis for the establishment of a right to food in the United States.


Objective: To compare the curative effect and the treatment course of two therapies——intravenous drip of piperacillin
and intravenous drip of piperacillin integrated with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for treating lower respiratory tract infection. Metholds:Prospective and random comparative study was made in our hospital. In group A 41 patients were given piperacillin ,4 grams every 12 hs by intravernous drip. In group B (36 cases) 4g of pipercillin by intravemous drip every 12 hs was followed by BAL in second morning.The general date of these two groups were similar (P 0.05) .Results:The curative effects of these two groups ware 78 % and 83 % , respectively. So there was no significant difference between the tow groups ( P 0.05). But the course of treatment significantly differed in group All days, and in group B 7 days) .Conclusion: In treating lower respiratory tract infection, both the inethods of cure are safe and effective. But intraverous drip of piperacillin integrated with bronchoalveolar lavage can shorter the course of treatment and is well tolerated for the patients.


This article describes a numerical method that may be used to ee-ciently locate and track underwater sonar targets in the near-eld, with both bearing and range estimation, for the case of very large passive arrays. The approach used has no requirement for a priori knowledge about the source and uses only limited information about the receiver array shape. The role of sensor position uncertainty and the consequence of targets always being in the near-eld are analysed and the problems associated with the manipulation of large matrices inherent in conventional eigenvalue type algorithms noted. A simpler numerical approach is then presented which reduces the problem to that of search optimization. When using this method the location of a target corresponds to nding the position of the maximum weighted sum of the output from all sensors. Since this search procedure can be dealt with using modern stochastic optimization methods, such as the genetic algorithm, the operational requirement that an acceptable accuracy be achieved in real time can usually be met. The array studied here consists of 225 elements positioned along a exible cable towed behind a ship with 3.4m between sensors, giving an eeective aperture of 761.6m. For such a long array, the far eld assumption used in most beam-forming algorithms is no longer appropriate. The waves emitted by the targets then have to be considered as curved rather than plane. It is shown that, for simulated data, if no signiicant noise 1 occurs in the same frequency band as the target signal, then bearing and range can be estimated with negligible error. When background noise is present (at-14dB), the target can normally still be located to within 1% in bearing and to around 5% error in range. Array shape uncertainty worsens this performance but it is shown that it is still possible to accurately determine the target bearing and to provide approximate estimates of range in such circumstances. Finally, the ability of the approach to track the sources over a period of time and with evolving array shape is demonstrated.


Materials, design considerations, and design details for textile mechanical elements used in aerospace vehicle parachute systems are briefly reviewed. Friction burns are noted as a major cause of parachute system failures. The friction burn hazard can be minimized by designing for predeployment and deployment sequence control with textile mechanical restraints. Two basic restraint designs (restraint loops and line ties) are discussed and various applications of the designs shown.


This video describes a simple automatic method for visually tracking activity on a 3D mesh surface. Such a method is useful in interactive algorithm visualization. Its operation is demonstrated on a sample visualization of Rossignac's Edgebreaker connectivity compression algorithm.


This research studies the production release planning problems for reentrant mixed flow production systems with prohibition tables and setups. We develop multi-dimensional clearing functions to represent the behavior of production resources that can be embedded in production planning optimization models. We use the machine learning technology to estimate multi-dimensional clearing functions and evaluate their performance through different experiments. A multi-dimensional clearing function-based planning model is proposed to calculate the optimal release plan. We compare the proposed model with the single-dimensional clearing function-based planning model and use a discrete event simulation model to evaluate their optimal solutions. Experiential results show that the proposed method has a better performance in all scenarios.


The morbidity and mortality conference has a longstanding tradition in internal medicine training. Cases are typically dissected in an open forum with instructions that the discussion must not leave the room. Unfortunately, it is quite common to encounter the same type of cases repeatedly through the years. In these instances neither the discussion nor an actionable plan for improvement likely has left the room. Without a driving force connecting academic discussions to improvement, the traditional morbidity and mortality conference format may not prevent errors from recurring.


A search for a heavy scalar Higgs boson H decaying into a pair of lighter (Standard Model like) 125 GeV Higgs bosons h or a pseudo scalar Higgs boson A decaying into a Z boson and an h boson is presented. This search is performed on data collected by CMS experiment during 2012 proton-proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. A final state consisting of two τ leptons and two b-jets is searched for the H→ hh decay and a final state consisting of two τ leptons and two additional leptons, compatible with being the decay products of a Z boson, is searched for the decay A → Zh. This search is interpreted in the contexts of both the minimal supersymmetric extension to the standard model and two Higgs Doublet Models. No excess is found and upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross-section times branching ratio in the mass range 220 < mA < 350 GeV and 260 < mH < 350 GeV. Presented at LP2015 XXVII International Symposium on Lepton Photon Interactions at High Energies Search for a Higgs boson decaying to a pair of 125 GeV Higgs bosons hh or for a Higgs boson decaying to Zh, with τ leptons in the final state M.T. Grippoa and K. Androsova, on behalf of the CMS collaboration a University of Siena and INFN Pisa E-mail: email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com A search for a heavy scalar Higgs boson H decaying into a pair of lighter (Standard Model like) 125 GeV Higgs bosons h or a pseudo scalar Higgs boson A decaying into a Z boson and an h boson is presented [1]. This search is performed on data collected by CMS experiment during 2012 proton–proton collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. A final state consisting of two τ leptons and two b-jets is searched for the H→ hh decay and a final state consisting of two τ leptons and two additional leptons, compatible with being the decay products of a Z boson, is searched for the decay A→ Zh. This search is interpreted in the contexts of both the minimal supersymmetric extension to the standard model and two Higgs Doublet Models. No excess is found and upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross-section times branching ratio in the mass range 220 < mA < 350 GeV and 260 < mH < 350 GeV. International Symposium on Lepton Photon Interactions at High Energies 17-22 August 2015 University of Ljubljana, Slovenia c © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). http://pos.sissa.it/ Search for a Higgs boson decaying to hh or to Zh, with tau leptons in the final state


Fifteen patients, eight males and seven females, suffering from classic or definite rheumatoid arthritis were treated for 1 year with Auranofin*, a new gold salt active by the oral route, different from parenteral gold as far as dosage, mechanism of action and toxicity are concerned. Patients received a dosage of 3 mg twice daily, equivalent to 0·85 mg of elemental gold, in order to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of this new compound. Subjective and objective parameters were monitored during the trial and serum gold levels were assayed every 2 months by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Our study, which is on-going, shows the therapeutic efficacy of Auranofin which seems better tolerated than parenteral gold salts and will probably become a widely used drug in the long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.


The data used in this research was Manpower Utilization Survey in 1991, 1999 and 2007, from Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistic, Executive Yuan. The methodology of quantile regression was used to estimate the wage rate fuction by selecting bootstrapping samples. Furthermore, Machado and Mata (2005) counterfactual decomposition was used to analyze covariates and coefficients for affecting wage rate. The findings of this research were that the wage rate distribution affecting by covariates and coefficients moved rightward during 16 years. In the counterfactual analysis for men, the rate of wage differentials attributed to the coefficients was large. However, for women, the wage rate distribution affected by covariates was more than men. Especially the counterfactual analysis of 1991~2007, the rate of wage differentials affected by the covariates and coefficients was near. The changes of the covariates were more in the longtime so the wage gap attributed to the covariates was much. Moreover, regardless of any year in the counterfactual analysis, the wage differentials attributed to differences of coefficients were more than differences of covariates.


Wireless Sensor Networks comprise of very small sensors that are characterized by limited processing power and energy resources. WSNs are used in various domains such as military applications, medical engineering, and industrial task automation. It is very important to have an optimal network in order to use its processing power at maximum. This paper proposes and analyzes the efficiency of a hierarchical routing protocol designed to extend the life of the network by minimizing energy consumption and latency by choosing the best nodes to become cluster-heads. Minimization is realized with a multi-objective genetic algorithm executed on a central BS and the results send to the network nodes. Simulation is done in NS-2 where there is already an implementation of Leach protocol with whose results we compare.


Dynamic dilution olfactometry as regulated by EN 13725 requires instrumentation of adequate technology and in order to spread the use of Dynamic Olfactometry high usability of the device is a must. A new dynamic dilution olfactometer has been designed and manufactured after the experience gained in previous prototype development and performance studies as well as from experimental applications. Materials have been selected in order to be compliant with the expected next-to-come updates of the EN13725 technical norm and checks on pneumatic steps required by the odour concentration analysis procedure have been implemented. In order to generate specific dilutions in a wide range, a high precision stepper motor is used, instead of the more common calibrated orifices. The instrument comes with option of incrementing dilution with a factor of √2 (instead of more usual 2), so to increase resolution of the odour measurements. The consumption of neutral compressed air has been highly reduced in comparison with previous prototypes. The new features of the instrument as well as the available dilution steps will be presented. A careful check of accuracy and operative speed at high dilutions has been performed. Standard n-butanol, and samples from ambient air collected in close proximity from odour emitting sources have been collected for testing the olfactometer and the panel response. A market top instrument has been considered for sake of comparison.


The subject innovation is an internal or an engaging an integral tent framework of an umbrella type that a plurality of the folded joint present in the wing or engagement members bongjeop on the outside of the tent main body is inserted in or connected to it to fold stretched in umbrella type a tent frame with tent body at the same time as can about the frame coupling member of the one-piece foldable tent, the present design is that the engaging member to enable the support to live for supporting the tent frame poles and the pole can be disassembled easily assembled without the assembly member to the central axis of the frame in not configure the plurality of grooves on the outer periphery of the central axis that is a pole is bound, and form an obstacle to the columnar projection and the rotation of the rod as possible on each side wall of the groove and the groove of the central axis to one end of the rod coupled to the central shaft locking projection formed on the group is bound so as to form a locking groove for fastening the connector, and also supporting live with the central axis for supporting the pole Is inserted is designed V POSITION can not live in each fastener to be centered easily disassemble the assembled tent frame without a separate assembly member formed by a coupling member of the same structure is formed on the shaft and rod.


Background A cerebral oximeter measures oxygen saturation of brain tissue noninvasively by near infrared spectroscopy. The accuracy of a commercially available oximeter was tested in healthy volunteers by precisely controlling end‐tidal oxygen (PET O2) and carbon dioxide (PET CO2) tensions to alter global cerebral oxygen saturation. Methods In 30 healthy volunteers, dynamic end‐tidal forcing was used to produce step changes in PET O2 resulting in arterial saturation ranging from [approximately] 70% to 100% under conditions of controlled normocapnia (each person's resting PET CO2) or hypercapnia (resting plus 7–10 mmHg). Blood arterial (SaO2) and jugular bulb venous (Sjv with bar O2) saturations during each PET O2 interval were determined by co‐oximetry. The cerebral oximeter reading (rSO2) and an estimated jugular venous saturation (Sjv with bar O2), derived from a combination of SaO2 and rSO2, were compared with the measured Sjv with bar O2. Results The Sjv with bar O2 was significantly higher with hypercapnia than with normocapnia for the same SaO2. The rSO sub 2 and Sjv with bar O2 were both highly correlated with S sub jv with bar O2 for individual volunteers (mean r2 = 0.91 for each relation); however, the slopes and intercepts varied widely among volunteers. In three of them, the cerebral oximeter substantially underestimated the measured Sjv O2. Conclusions During isocapnic hypoxia in healthy persons, cerebral oxygenation as estimated by near infrared spectroscopy precisely tracks changes in measured Sjv O2 within individuals, but the relation exhibits a wide range of slopes and intercepts. Therefore the clinical utility of the device is limited to situations in which tracking trends in cerebral oxygenation would be acceptable.


Mobile devices changed the way how software is developed fundamentally, because the changing context in which those devices are used, influences the requirements of apps running on those devices. Hence, mobile apps must provide means for self-adaptation. With upcoming technologies like wearables, people will carry a whole range of heterogeneous devices, sensing different aspects of their owner's context. Thus, self-adaptive systems have to collaborate, to combine their individual capabilities. To do so, they must incorporate strategies for the exchange of context information. The realization of such a distributed infrastructure requires to decide when, how and which parts of context models shall be exchanged, where they should be managed and who initiates the exchange. In this paper we show that for each aspect, different implementation strategies exist. Furthermore, we show that the properties of those strategies depended on (a) static and (b) dynamic requirements. Therefore, the management of distributed context models must be prepared for variability and adaptation. We present a prototypical implementation following the Smart Application Grids approach in the domain of Blended Interactive Spaces and highlight research questions w.r.t. selfadaptive distributed context models.


1. Wake Up and Smell the Coffee (or a Tale of Two Farms) 2. A Biodiverse Cup of Coffee: Coffee Agroforests as Repositories of Tropical Biodiversity 3. The Coffee Agroecosystem as a High-Quality Matrix 4. Space Matters: Large Scale Spatial Ecology within the Coffee Agroecosystem 5. Who's Eating Whom and How: Trophic and Trait-mediated Cascades in the Coffee Agroecosystem 6. Interactions across Spatial Scales 7. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services 8. Coffee, the Agroecological Landscape, and Farmer's Livelihoods 9. Syndromes of Coffee Production: Embracing Sustainability


Devitria Nur Jannah, 2019: The Influence of Earning Management and Good Corporate Governance on Expense Stickiness Behavior of Manufacturing Companies that Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2017.
This study aimed to examine the influence of earning management and good corporate governance on expense stickiness in manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2015-2017. Two independent variables were determined in this study. First, earning management measured by the modified Jone's model and second good corporate governance measured by corporate governance scorecard. The dependent variable in this study was expense stickiness measured by the least square method.
The data sample was using secondary data, using a nonprobability sampling method which comprises of 132 samples from 44 manufacturing companies listed on the indonesia stock exchange in 2015-2017. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique and the selected regression model was panel data regression in the form of a random effect model.
By using the panel data regression, the results showed that earning management had a significant effect on expense stickiness, while good corporate governance did not significantly influence om expense stickiness behavior.
This indicates that the lower earning management value will increase the expense stickiness behavior. Conversely, the higher earning management value will reduce the expense stickiness behavior. Meanwhile, the higher good corporate governance value will not lead to expense stickiness behavior. Conversely, the lower good corporate governance value will lead to expense stickiness behavior.
Keywords : Earning Management, Good Corporate Governance, Expense Stickiness.


The active controlled flux technique is a tool to measure heat transfer velocities with a high temporal and spatial resolution. As heat, momentum and gas transport underlie the same physical processes, heat can be used as a proxy tracer for gases. Nevertheless the scaling of the measured heat transfer rates to the ones for gases is under discussion since the last decade due to the large differences in the diffusion constants of heat and gas. In this thesis simultaneous heat and gas transfer measurements have been conducted in the laboratory. Using an amplitude damping method, where the system response to different large-scale laser stimulations is investigated, a good agreement between scaled heat and gas transfer rates is found. The results show that, knowing the actual Schmidt number exponent, a scaling of heat to gas transfer rates is possible. During three campaigns in the Baltic Sea reliable transfer rates were determined. The obtained values are in the range of the expectations obtained from the laboratory measurements in the Aeolotron. They show, that the wind speed alone is not able to parametrise the gas transfer. Due to the different laser forcings required for this analysis, the integration time is in the order of 30 minutes. For an investigation of the underlying transport processes two fast analysis methods have been evaluated during laboratory measurements. The used methods are based on the surface renewal model. The results show, that these assumptions are too restrictive. To obtain reliable transfer velocities with a high temporal resolution, the development of a model independent analysis method is necessary.


A focus characterization method using the intensity correlation of X-ray fluorescence is proposed, and demonstrated for the sub-micrometre focused X-ray free-electron laser beam at the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free Electron Laser.


Calcite crystals were nucleated from MgCl2/CaCl2 solutions onto functionalized self-assembled monolayers adsorbed onto E-beam evaporated Au films. Synchrotron X-ray scattering studies of the crystals reveal new information about preferred orientation and Mg incorporation. The Au [111] axis is distributed within 2.6 degrees of the film surface normal, but the oriented crystals may be tilted up to 6 degrees away from this axis. For low Mg{sup 2+} content, SO{sub 3}--functionalized films nucleated primarily near the (106) calcite face, odd-chain-length carboxylic acid terminated alkanethiol films nucleated near the (012) face, and even-chain-length carboxylic acid terminated alkanethiol films nucleated near the (113) face. [Mg{sup 2+}]/[Ca{sup 2+}] concentration ratios (n) of 2 and greater defeated this preferred orientation and created a powder texture. Diffraction patterns within the layer plane from the coarse calcite powders indicated a shift to higher 2 accompanied by peak broadening with increasing n. For 0.5 < n < 3.5, a double set of calcite peaks is observed, showing that two distinct Mg calcite phases form: one of comparatively lower Mg content, derived from the templated crystals, and a Mg-rich phase derived from amorphous precursor particles. According to the refinement of lattice parameters, Mg incorporation of up to 18 mol %more » occurs for n = 4, independent of film functionality. We discuss the differences between the differently functionalized monolayers and also introduce the hypothesis that two separate routes to Mg calcite formation occur in this system.« less


[14C]-Tolrestat(N-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-6-methoxy-1-naphthalenyl]-[14C]-thioxomethyl]-N-methylglycine; [14C]AY-27, 773), a new aldose reductase inhibitor, was prepared by incorporating [14C]carbon dioxide. The intermediate, 6-methoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-[1–14C]-naphthoic acid, prepared by carbonation of the corresponding lithiated derivative, was condensed with sarcosine methyl ester hydrochloride, converted to the thioamide and hydrolyzed. [14C]Tolrestat, having a specific activity of 52.7 μCi/mg was obtained in 26% overall yield from [14C]barium carbonate and had a radiochemical purity of 97%.


A clean geometric construction is presented for the recent generalization of the Quantum Hall Effect to higher dimensional spaces. A very explicit formula is derived for the Hamiltonian in the generalized Quantum Hall Effect. This explicit formula suggests that the quantum Hall effect in even dimensions larger than two turns out to be simply copies of the two-dimensional effect.


In the current Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) integrated circuits, sufficient timing and voltage margins are typically wasted, because it is difficult to anticipate the exact amount by which the voltage or frequency should be scaled. The on-chip timing monitoring method is effective for this problem. In this paper, an improved timing monitor circuit with a fast error comparator is designed to detect and correct timing errors, and then it is used in a DVS system on 65 nm CMOS technology for deep DVS. Post-layout simulation results show that the monitor performs well in different process corners with a wide voltage range and wide temperature range. Compared with the nonDVS circuit supplied by a fixed 1.2 V voltage, our timing monitor based DVS system can save, on average, 33.4% dynamic power in different corners at the expense of 22.9% increased area.


Anti-TNF drugs are frequently associated with serious Adverse Events (AEs), which necessitates an improved understanding of individual factors that determine efficacy and safety of anti-TNF agents. We mined the US FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) for anti-TNF-associated AEs to identify and stratify patient subgroups and drug combinations that exhibit specifically correlated complications. We demonstrate the existence of patient subgroup and anti-TNF agent-specific associations for relative risks of developing known and novel AEs including infections, edema, and organ damage associated processes. Concomitant use of anti-TNFs with corticosteroids significantly increased risk of AEs (p < 0.001) including pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary edema. Using these tightly correlated phenotypes, we mined mouse phenotype data to identify the molecular basis of these AEs. Multiple pathways and networks that regulate injury response, fluid regulation, and wound healing were implicated suggesting modification of anti-TNF-based therapeutic strategies to minimize corticosteroid-based combinatorial risk of severe AEs.


In article the reasons on which yellow colour is a social standing sign are considered. Also in work the analysis of spent poll of workers of three companies is carried out: Russian, Russian-Belgian, Russian-Chinese in which process, on the basis of some questions, the reasons positive and negative attitude to yellow colour are established


The F2.1 beamline was a bending magnet beamline with a critical energy of 16.6 keV and an energy range up to 75 keV. The W2 beamline was a hard-wiggler beamline with a critical energy of 26.4 keV and an energy range up to 175 keV. Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction was used to determine the pressure and temperature induced volume change. Isothermal experiments were performed up to 15 GPa at ambient temperature. The pressure dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient is examined on two different ferrite, while systematically varying the iron contents. The two minerals, Magnetite (Fe2+Fe3+2O4) and Franklinite (Zn2+Fe3+2O4) adopt the normal spinel structure. Derived from compression experiments using MAX80 apparatus up to 5 GPa at temperatures of 298, 500, 700, 900 and 1100 K.


Pathogenic variants account for 4 to 41% of patients with intellectual disability (ID) or developmental delay (DD). In Sub‐Saharan Africa, the prevalence of ID is thought to be higher, but data in Central Africa are limited to some case reports. In addition, clinical descriptions of some syndromes are not available for this population. This study aimed at providing an estimate for the fraction of ID/DD for which an underlying etiological genetic cause may be elucidated and provide insights into their clinical presentation in special institutions in a Central African country. A total of 127 patients (33 females and 94 males, mean age 10.03 ± 4.68 years), were recruited from six institutions across Kinshasa. A clinical diagnosis was achieved in 44 but molecular confirmation was achieved in 21 of the 22 patients with expected genetic defect (95% clinical sensitivity). Identified diseases included Down syndrome (15%), submicroscopic copy number variants (9%), aminoacylase deficiency (0.8%), Partington syndrome in one patient (0.8%) and his similarly affected brother, X‐linked syndromic Mental Retardation type 33 (0.8%), and two conditions without clear underlying molecular genetic etiologies (Oculo‐Auriculo‐Vertebral and Amniotic Bands Sequence). We have shown that genetic etiologies, similar to those reported in Caucasian subjects, are a common etiologic cause of ID in African patients from Africa. We have confirmed the diagnostic utility of clinical characterization prior to genetic testing. Finally, our clinical descriptions provide insights into the presentation of these genetic diseases in African patients.


Time-depth-speed recorders and stomach-temperature sensors were deployed on 11 harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in the St. Lawrence estuary to examine their diving and foraging behavior. Fifty-four percent of dives were to depths of <4 m. Dives that were 4 m deep were classified into five distinct types, using a combination of principal components analysis and hierarchical and nonhierarchical clustering analyses. Feeding, indicated by a sharp decline in stomach temperature, occurred during dives of all five types, four of which were U-shaped, while one was V-shaped. Seals swam at speeds near the minimum cost of transport (MCT) during descents and ascents. V-shaped dives had mean depths of 5.8 m, lasted an average of 40 s, and often preceded or followed periods of shallow-water (<4 m) activity. Seals invariably dove to the bottom when performing U-shaped dives. These dives were to an average depth of 20 m during daylight and occurred in shallower waters (~8 m) at twilight and during the night. Once on the bot...


Background: Applicability of the National Social Security System in 2014 is
expected to improve the health of the people of Indonesia. For that in the face of
the National Social Security System is needed and a good preparation of all the
elements involved, both the agency designated Social Security Agency (BPJS),
government, health care facilities and providers, both in the first and /or advanced
levels so that the program can running smoothly and well. Family Doctor Clinic
Korpagama as one of the organizers of the first-level health facilities were
recently transformed into Primary Clinic and will cooperate with the Social
Security Agency of Health should have good preparation, especially in the
availability of services and documentation in order to follow the success of the
implementation of Security System the National Social.
Objective: Evaluate the readiness of Primary Clinical Korpagama Gadjah Mada
University in terms of the availability of services and documentation for working
with the Social Security Agency (BPJS) in 2014
Methods: This study used a qualitative descriptive method with cross-sectional
design. Retrieval of research data through interviews, documentary studies, and
observation.
Results: The results of this study indicate that the readiness Korpagama Clinic
Family Physicians in cooperation with the Social Security Agency (BPJS) in 2014
in terms of the availability of most of the existing services and in accordance with
the Social Security Agency of Health (BPJS) regulations, the availability of
services relating to the administration


Firstly, we would like to thank Thivel and Chaput (2013) for their interest in our latest manuscript, which has recently been published in Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism (Rumbold et al. 2013c). As outlined by Thivel and Chaput (2013), our paper explored the influence of netball-based exercise on energy intake, subjective appetite, and plasma acylated ghrelin in ten 13to 15-year-old, lean adolescent girls. Thivel and Chaput (2013) raised two issues regarding the study design: (i) the use of an ad libitum pasta-based testmeal to explore energy intake following a netballbased exercise condition and corresponding sedentary period, and (ii) the integrity of the above-mentioned sedentary condition. We will first explore the discussion point identified by Thivel and Chaput (2013) regarding the provision of an ad libitum pastabased testmeal as opposed to a buffet-style testmeal. Althoughwe recognise the value in implementing a buffet-style test meal to exploremacronutrient and food choices following exercise, it was not the intention of the manuscript in question to explore such variables. Instead and as reiterated in a recent review article by Blundell and colleagues (2010), single ad libitum test meals (as per the pasta-based meal) enable the assessment of energy intake as opposed to nutrient intakes, thus allowing the exploration of short-term energy compensation, which was the aim in the study being discussed. Such test meals allow energy intake following exercise and, indeed, short-term energy compensation to be explored, while not being unnecessarily influenced by high-energy food choices (Blundell et al. 2010). Thus, we believe that our study was designed appropriately to enable our research hypothesis to be addressed correctly. Furthermore, the ongoing and interesting debate in the appetite literature regarding the employment of free-living versus laboratory-controlled studies must also be considered at this point (i.e., the compromise between maintaining high internal validity by conducting laboratory studies or promoting external validity using free-living study designs) (Blundell et al. 2010). Indeed, we appreciate the benefits and shortcomings of each approach, and given that such an overview is outside the scope of the present discussion provided here, the reader is referred to an informative review on this matter (Blundell et al. 2010). Thus, by using previously published laboratory-based paediatric appetite regulation studies as a foundation (Moore et al. 2004; Dodd et al. 2008), we have begun to implement (i) the use of more free-living, ecologically valid study designs to provide practical, "real-world" interpretations of our data (Rumbold and Dodd 2007; Rumbold et al. 2011a, 2013a, 2013c), an approach that agrees with that of the Applied Research Model for Sport Sciences proposed by Bishop (2008). Furthermore, (ii) we have started to evaluate different methodologies to better explore energy intake and appetite responses in free-living paediatric appetite studies (Rumbold et al. 2011b, 2013b) to provide robust methodological options for researchers to employ in future studies. That said, the ad libitum pasta-based test meal used in the manuscript in question was based on what the adolescent girls typically consumed as their school dinner on a Monday afternoon, noting appropriately that theMondaywas also the intervention day, thus again demonstrating our attempt at maintaining a high level of ecological validity. The second discussion point queries the integrity of the sedentary control session used as a corresponding condition to the netball-based exercise. Firstly, we are aware of and appreciate the recent data demonstrating the potential impact for sedentary activities such as reading and completing homework to influence subsequent eating behaviour as identified by Thivel and Chaput (2013) in their discussion point (television viewing is addressed below). Importantly, when collaborating with paediatric populations in research studies, academics must also appreciate the likely input (whether desired or not) from parents, guardians, and indeed school teaching staff. Thus, in considering the logistics of working with paediatric populations in research studies and the importance, in our mind, of maintaining high ecological validity, some compromises to study designs are unfortunately inevitable. We believe that it is most appropriate to conduct paediatric appetite regulatory research during school-term times, given that young people spend a high proportion of their time in school per year. Therefore, by also implementing exercise interventions during this time and exploring eating behaviour and appetite responses, we aremore likely to identify how young people respond to such interventions in their natural environment. However, a consideration associated with testing young people during school terms is the ability of researchers to liaise with parents, guardians, and school teaching staff to enable children and (or) adolescents to miss part of a school day to be involved in such research. Subsequently, parents, guardians, and school teaching staff are more likely to give permission for school absence if the adolescents are involved in exercise (from a health perspective) or reading or school work (from an educational point of view). Most importantly, this approach once again promotes high ecological validity as the adolescents in question would inherently be involved in these activities (either physical education class or a classroom-based taught lesson) at the corresponding intervention


Purpose : Blue-light blocking polymers were synthesized and interpenetrated into the hydrogel contact lenses. The water contents and blue-light blocking properties of the resultant contact lenses with varying amounts of the blue-light blocking polymers were investigated and compared to that of the unmodified control.Methods : Polyethyleneimine (PEI) was covalently conjugated with blue-light adsorbing reactive dyes (Procion Yellow MX8G) via a nucleophilic substitution reaction and incorporated into the hydrogel contact lenses. The blue-light blocking properties of the hydrogel lenses were investigated using UV-vis spectrophotometry.Results : The blue-light adsorbing reactive dyes were successfully conjugated to the PEI and well incorporated into the hydrogel contact lenses. The resultant contact lenses exhibited good blue-light blocking properties according to the results of the UV-vis spectra investigation. Furthermore, we confirmed that the blue-light adsorbing dyes were not eluted from the contact lenses after extensive washings for 3 days.Conclusion : This report describes the synthesis and characterization of a series of hydrogel contact lenses containing blue-light blocking polymers. The hydrogel contact lenses showed good water contents and a transmittance of over 90% in the range of 450~700 nm. In particular, the blue-light blocking properties at the range of 380~450 nm were enhanced significantly as the increment in the amount of incorporated blue-light blocking polymers. The preparation of blue-light-blocking contact lenses may offer a new opportunity for the development of biomedical ophthalmic devices.


It is generally conceded that patients with acromegaly very frequently show either a transitory or a permanent glycosuria. Borchardt, 1 in reviewing the literature of acromegaly, reports that when an examination of the urine is mentioned 35.5 per cent, of the cases show a glycosuria and an additional 5 per cent, a lessened sugar tolerance. Inasmuch as the glycosuria is often transitory and not infrequently independent of the character of the diet, unless the urine is repeatedly examined it may be overlooked. The presence of the glycosuria might be accounted for either on the one hand by pressure of the enlarged anterior lobe on the hypothetical sugar center or on the adjacent posterior lobe of the hypophysis, or on the other by the action of the hypophyseal secretion on sugar metabolism, either directly or through its correlated action with the thyroid or suprarenals. It has been noted


SPATS2L (Spermatogenesis-associated serine-rich 2-like) is anintranucleolar stress-response protein involved in chromosomal organization, ribosomal biogenesis, and translational control. Although there is mounting evidence that SPATS2L was involved in the carcinogenesis of some cancers, no thorough pan-cancer investigation of SPATS2L is available so far. Based on multiple databases, including TCGA, GTEx, CCLE, cBioPortal, TIMER2, ImmuCellAI, GDSC, and Reactome, we analyzed the expression, prognosis, DNA methylation, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), immune cell in�ltration, drug sensitivity, and clinicopathological and prognostic relevance of SPATS2L in pan-cancer including 33 types of cancers. SPATS2L expression was dramatically increased in a variety of malignancies, while it was low in ACC, KICH, and LAML as indicated by multiple databases and con�rmed by immunohistochemistry assays. Importantly, SPATS2L has been found to have prognostic and clinicopathological importance in several malignancies. SPATS2L expression was also linked to TMB and MSI in 9 types of cancers, and there was a link between SPATS2L expression and DNA methylation in 28 types of cancers. SPATS2L was also found to be highly linked with immune cell in�ltration, ICP expression, stromal score, immune score, and ESTIMATE score in various malignancies, demonstrating their regulatory roles on the TME. Consistently, the results of GSEA and GSVA analyses revealed a substantial link between SPATS2L and certain cellular immunological responses. Finally, SPATS2L was found to be strongly linked to 173 anti-tumor drugs. This study indicated that SPATS2L might be a potential cancer biomarker for the prognosis and immunotherapeutic response. SPATS2L expression in cancers may be involved in the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity, which may be a new-targeted molecule for developing anti-tumor drugs and immunotherapy.


In this paper, numerical methods for one-dimensional magneto-uid dynamics are discussed. Two mathematical models are considered: the full magneto-uid dynamics equations, that is the system where the Maxwell and the uid dynamics balance equations are coupled, and the simplied magneto-uid dynamics equations, which are obtained from the former applying the so-called magnetohydrodynamic approximation. Numerical methods for the solution of both models are proposed and applied to an idealized magneto-uid dynamics shock-tube problem in one dimension. Comparisons between the results obtained using the two dieren t methods are carried out to verify their limits of application.


Rock climbing is a sport in which blind people have traditionally found it extremely difficult to excel due to the high degree of visual problem solving required, and also the requirement to climb with a sighted assistant. We present a system which automates the role of the sighted assistant in order to provide blind people with the freedom to climb and train on their own. We address climbing-specific limitations of a state-of-the-art skeleton tracking system, and discuss the ways in which we mitigated these limitations using post-processing techniques tuned specially for a climbing scenario. We also describe the auditory feedback system used to instruct the blind climber, and demonstrate that a user can learn to follow it in a relatively short time by showing a significant improvement in performance over just a few trials with the system.


We utilize a modified dictator game to analyze whether information about the need of recipients affects dictator giving behavior. Need information is presented as objective information about the recipients' living circumstances (income, public transfers, and travel time to the lab) and subjective information about the recipients' self-assessment of their need ("need request"). Classifying dictators according to their conditional transfers yields that 139 of the 246 (57%) dictators are need sensitive. The results show that recipient's income and travel time affect dictator giving behavior significantly. Furthermore, dictator giving increases when the need request is supported by the income information ("acknowledgment effect").


Although mobile device healthcare (MDH) industry is developing fast, people do not have a deep understanding of its value chain, and further, its business model. In this paper, I analyse the development of The MDH industry in China, then clarify the total market scale of MDH. Based on these, I discuss key segments in the value chain of MDH industry and unveil the business model of MDH firms. After that, the change brought by the mobile devices for the traditional healthcare industry is investigated. Finally, six cases of MDH firms in China are raised and discussed in detail.