In this tutorial we will discuss the history, the state of art, and the future of semantic image and video retrieval. The process of image description consists of extracting the global image characteristics, recognizing the image-objects, and assigning semantics to these objects. The image data can be treated as physical image representation and its meaning as a logical image representation. The logical representation includes methods for describing the image and image-objects characteristics and the relationships among the image objects. Several visual descriptors exist for representing the physical content of an image, such as the MPEG-7 standard [2]. Historically, semantic retrieval was frequently based on computer vision. To reduce the semantic gap, the low-level content-based media features are frequently being converted to high-level concepts or terms.


In Ireland, where education at both primary and second level is overwhelmingly denominational in character, patronage is exercised, in the main, by religious patrons. This article is an introspective analysis of current legal issues as they face one patron and schools under his patronage; it looks at the intersection of civil law with Church law; the burden of the law and access to it; the stewardship of patronage; the obligation of partnership; the constitution of boards of management; the difficulty of defining a school's characteristic spirit; the enduring aptness of denominational schools in a religious society; and the challenge of minorities in a new pluralist society. The rights of minorities balanced against the rights of those who desire education in schools of religious ethos challenge all to re-examine the contemporary educational infrastructure. At the end of the day the challenge is to determine the meaning of a good school and a good education and to attain that with the support, rather than the hindrance, of the law.


The literature review is devoted to a study of the etiology and basic pathogenesis steps of the central serous chorioretinopathy (CSR). Authors describe the historical facts of studying this pathology and its epidemiology. Endogenous and exogenous risk factors of the CSR development were analyzed. In discussion of main CSR pathogenesis theories the modern methods of diagnosis of intraocular structures were taken into consideration. At present a special attention is paid to disturbances of choroidal blood flow as the main cause of morphological and functional abnormalities in the CSR.


In an arbitrary distributed bistable system – passive or active – the existence of quasirectangular pulse (dip) with a duration less than the by-pass time of the resonator is predicted. Such a quasisoliton regime is realized experimentally in the system with bicompound injection laser and external cavity.

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Maintenance of certification angst is growing and the purveyors of this onerous exercise have discovered the root of the problem: the patient.


Reviewing: R. Dornbusch, Dollars, Debts and Deficits, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1986; and P. R. Krugman (ed.), Strategic Trade Policy and the New International Economics, M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1987


abstract = {Yb:Ca5(PO4)3F(Yb:FAP) crystal of high quality was grown by the Czochralski method. The macro defects in crystals obtained, including growth striation, inclusions, dislocations, and sub-grain boundary were observed by chemical corrosion, Leitz optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The dislocation density of radial distribution and growth striation of Yb:FAP crystal reveal that the growth of crystal is on a convex solid-liquid interface. The volatilization of CaF2 at a high temperature causes the deviation in composition from the stoichiometry, which results in the formation of inclusions and an increase in the dislocation density. The shapes of etch pits located on the (0001) plane exhibit a hexagonal structure, whereas the shapes, sizes and lengths of etch pits of dislocations on the (101 over-bar 0) face are different due to the crystal anisotropy of Yb:FAP crystal, which is the main reason for the formation of a sub-grain boundary in Yb:FAP crystal. The methods of reducing the defects were also discussed.


Recently the RFID system, which can recognize multiple tags simultaneously through wireless communication, is emerging as a new technology that can replace the barcode system. Furthermore, related industries are carrying out active research on tags and authentication protocols with guaranteed security that are widely applicable to logistics, distribution, etc. The present study proposes a protocol with enhanced security by introducing the concept of RBAC to the authentication protocol, and a method with lower security for effective mass authentication. The proposed method is advantageous in that it guarantees security against spoofing attack, traffic analysis, replay attack, etc. based on hash function.


Abstract EXPERIMENTAL data indicate that the thyroids of both birds (Hoffman and Shaffner, 1950) and mammals (Dempsey and Astwood, 1943) respond to a cold environment with an increase in the rate at which thyroxine is secreted. Ample evidence is also available on the effect of high ambient temperatures on thyroxine secretion rate in mammals (Pipes and Turner, 1946), however comparable data on birds are not available. Since the normal body temperature of birds is higher (7–9°F. for the chicken) than that of mammals, and since birds have no sweat glands to aid in heat dissipation, it is of interest to estimate thyroxine secretion rate as an indication of thyroid function of birds under "high" environmental temperatures. Basic information of this nature is important as a foundation for an attempt to regulate the adverse effects of high ambient temperatures during the summer months in southern parts of the country. MATERIALS AND …


On the basis of changes in the volume of mutual exports of the BRICS countries, its share in total exports of the countries concerned, the commodity structure and a number of other indicators reveal modern features and trends of foreign cooperation of the BRICS countries as a key indicator of the real integration process. A brief description of the foreign trade policy of the BRICS countries. It was determined that the lack of a single zone of preferential trade between Russia, Brazil, India, China and South Africa, countries partially offset by bilateral agreements, arrangements within and between existing integration blocs. Political instability and economic problems in the five countries, the decline in GDP growth in all member countries, except India, sluggish global conditions contributed to reducing both total and mutual exports.


Objective:
To evaluate the clinical results of cortex removal with biaxial irrigation and aspiration (IA) compared with coaxial IA in phacoemulsification.

Methods:
This prospective study enrolled cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation at the Second People's Hospital of Hefei Affiliated to Anhui Medical University. The patients were divided into two groups (each with 30 patients, 30 eyes) based on the cortex removal mode: biaxial IA and coaxial IA. For the biaxial IA group, we made three corneal incisions: one main incision at 1200 (phaco tip) and two side port incisions at 300 and 900 (irrigation and aspiration). For the coaxial IA group, we made one main incision and one side port incision at mutually perpendicular lines. In both groups, normal hydrodissection was set and the nucleus was aspirated with ultrasound phacoemulsification energy. The residual cortex was removed, and posterior capsule polishing was performed using either biaxial IA or coaxial IA. The time (in seconds) required for the removal of the cortex measured from instrument insertion in the eye until aspiration tip removal. Residual cortex, posterior capsule ruptures, visual acuity, and corneal astigmatism were recorded. Data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test.

Results:
The cortex removal time was 118 ± 10 seconds for the biaxial IA group and 150 ± 16 seconds for the coaxial IA group (Z=-6.174, P 0.05). One posterior capsular tear occurred in the coaxial IA group.

Conclusions:
Biaxial IA significantly reduced cortex removal time compared to coaxial IA. Biaxial IA appears to be safer and more efficient than coaxial IA in cortex removal.

Key words:
irrigation/aspiration; cortex; biaxial; phacoemulsification


Two distinct photodynamic therapy–resistant variants of the murine radiation‐induced fibrosarcoma (RIF) cell line have been isolated. One strain displayed relative resistance over the parental RIF‐1 strain to treatment with the porphyrin‐based compound, polyhaematoporphyrin (PHP), whereas the other strain displayed relative resistance over the RIF‐1 strain to treatment using the cationic zinc (II) pyridinium‐substituted phthalocyanine (PPC). The PHP‐resistant strain did not display crossresistance to PPC‐mediated treatment, and vice versa. In both PDT‐resistant strains, the increased resistance could not be attributed to altered cellular growth rate, antioxidant capacity or intracellular sensitizer localization. The PHP‐resistant strain displayed resistance to treatment with both short (1 h) and extended (16 h) sensitizer incubation periods, which may indicate that in this strain, the resistance has arisen through an alteration in a membrane component. Conversely, the PPC‐resistant strain only displayed increased resistance over the parental cells to treatment involving the short drug incubation, which is likely to reflect the existence of a threshold effect caused by the alteration of an individual cellular target. Each resistant strain has been compared to the parental strain in terms of cellular sensitivity to treatment with a range of other photosensitizers, hyperthermia, UV light and the anticancer agent cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum. The PHP‐resistant strain exhibited crossresistance to photosensitization treatment using exogenously added protoporphyrin IX, and also to treatment with the anionic phthalocyanine sensitizers, zinc (II) tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine and zinc (II) tetra‐glycine‐substituted phthalocyanine. The PPC‐resistant strain did not display cross‐resistance to any of the treatment strategies employed in this investigation. The results of this investigation indicate that there are at least two distinct mechanisms of PDT resistance in RIF cells, and that the mechanism of PHP resistance may, to some extent depend, upon the physical nature of the sensitizer molecule.


1. Introduction 1) Description of Retail Business in Korea Retail business is emerging as one of the most promising businesses in Korea due to what Samsung-Tesco calls a 'powershift' from manufacturing to distribution. Indeed, it is especially true in Korea; while the retail business of U.S. and Japan took 32% of GDP on average, that of Korea's took only 21% in year 2000. Samsung-Tesco conservatively forecasts that the average growth of retail business, between 2000 and 2005, would be 8.6%.mart—consists 52% of the market. As small retail businesses are increasingly being absorbed to big retailers, department store, and supermarket, the competition among the 'big five' is becoming fierce to take advantage of high growth market, which also possesses the strategic advantage of a spearhead for entering Chinese market. 2) This Case Study and the Timeframe This case study describes the implementation of new economy paradigm, which took place during and after the merger of Samsung Corporation and Tesco PLC. Although the major target of the merger was not exactly on uptaking new economy paradigm, the merger process has played critical role in implementing new economy paradigm in Samsung-Tesco. The case study timeframe stretches from early 1994 to the present while many of the important issues in this case unfolded from 1997 to present. Information in this case was gathered through an interview and questionnaires along with direct observations. 3) Background In March 1994, after separating out from Samsung group (chaebol), Samsung Corporation entered into retail business. There was little doubt that Samsung Corporation would be very competitive because of its well-recognized management skills and capital. However, when it opened its first three retail stores (Homeplus Taegu, Samsung Plaza Bundang, Samsung Plaza Seoul) in 1997, the financial crisis broke out. Plummeting consumer confidence and viciously high cost of financing inevitably placed Samsung Corporation into financial status of literally a step away from bankruptcy; accumulated loss during 1998 was KRW 249 billion (approximately US$200 million) 1. To overcome this unprecedented difficulty, Samsung Corporation began to restructure its business and downsized the organization while searching 1 Calculated in KRW 1,200 per US$. It should be much higher if it was calculated by exchange rate of that time (Approximately KRW 1,800 per US$).-168 for the breakthrough strategy. Recognizing that retail business is too attractive to give up, Samsung Corporation decided to seek for foreign investment 2. At the same time, after successfully establishing its …


The essay analyzes the unfolding of the National Common Curricular Base for Early Childhood Education. At first, it produces a historical synthesis of the documents that guided the Basic Education in Brazil and, later, it signals the advances and setbacks of the Base for Early Childhood Education. It is concluded that the document is ambiguous, since, at the same time as it presents advances for Early Childhood Education, especially, regarding the conception of childhood and the curricular organization, it brings backslides in its unfolding to the pedagogical practice, characterizing itself as a prescriptive document, which reduces the autonomy and authorship of teachers and children in curricular productions. Key-words: National Common Curricular Base. Early Childhood Education. Curriculum. Introduction A little more than a year after its homologation,1 the National Curricular Common Base (BNCC) still constitutes a controversial document, the focus of several criticisms and far from materializing in the daily life of Brazilian Basic Education. Among the several controversial points of the document, it highlights its intention to establish a curricular unit, through externally oriented prescriptions, for the 1 The final version of the National Curricular Common Base for Early Childhood Education and Elementary Education was approved on December 20, 2017. The document referred to High School, only in 2018.


Phonetic disturbances, or unclear pronunciation,are often found in patients after insertion of a maxillary complete denture. These disturbances can be assessed using a palatogram of the Indonesian linguo-palatal consonant. One method that is often used to improve phonetic adaptation is duplication of the palatine rugae on the maxillary complete denture base. Palatine rugae functioned as tongue placement guidance on the anterior palate to producecorrect articulation of the linguo-palatal consonant sound, especially the letters 't' and 'd.' The purpose of this study was to evaluate palatine rugaeduplicationon maxillary complete denture bases that mightaffect phonetic adaptation. Respondents were 20 wearers of maxillary complete dentures: 10 of the respondents wore maxillary complete dentures with palatine rugae, and 10 of the respondents wore maxillary complete dentures without palatine rugae. Assessment was done using palatogram 't' and 'd' pronunciation, and the similarities with Indonesian palatogram's gold standard were evaluated. This study used the crossover method, and the factors considered regarding the effect of rugae on phonetic adaptation were duration of denture wearing, age, and gender. The study found that it took one week to achieve phonetic adaptation of maxillary complete dentures with palatine rugae. The mean scores of good 't' and 'd' pronunciationwere 60.15 and 69.65 with standard deviations of 3.31 and 3.79, respectively. Conclusion: Maxillary complete dentures with palatine rugae shortens phonetic adaptation. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2017; 10(Special Issue): pp. 490-495)


An artifact due to the metal joint of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt resulted in a diagnosis of severe internal carotid artery stenosis at magnetic resonance angiography. Conventional x‐ray angiography showed the presence of the metal joint and revealed that the artery was not stenotic.


Clonorchiasis should be realized as an important public health problems in Korea by their wide distribution, high prevalence rate and heavy infection intensity. This study was designed to obtain the infection rate, contributing factors as well as the behavior of infected persons among the factory workers in Pohang area where that parasite still remains as a problem. Study was undertaken from September '86 to October '87. Clonorchiasis skin test was performed for 3180 factory workers, and stools of skin test positive reactors were examined. Praziquantel was prescribed to stool examination positive persons for clonorchis sinensis ova. After one year. stool examination was repeated for them who received medicine. At the same time. a structured questionnaire was given and the results were analyzed and compared with control group. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1. The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis. 1) Clonorchiassis skin test positive rate was (834/3180). 2) Stool(Clonorchis sinensis ova) positive rate among skin test positive reactors was (129/598) All 129 infected persons were male. 2. Contributing factors of Clonorchis sinensis infection. 1) The chance of infection was higher in low-educated peple(p. 2) of infected persons took the medicine; Only of them consulted to physician to know the medication effect; As many as of them continued to consume raw fresh water fishes. As a conclusion, City of Pohang area, Hyung San River in the center, is an endemic area of clonorchiasis. Current clonorchiasis control system seemed to be ineffective; many of the skin test positive group did not submitted their stool for examination; only of infected persons took the medicine even though the drugs were given free of charge; continued to consume raw fresh water fishes after taking medicine. Therefore. proper education program should be provided to improve the compliance to treatment. Follow-up for infected cases is mandatory to prevent waste of restricted budget.


Additive technologies are gradually introducing into modern manufacturing, complementing or dislodging conventional material processing technologies. This is because of they have a unique advantage in the manufacture of products. Currently, among the popular additive laser technologies the most promising and productive technology is the direct laser deposition (DLD). The distribution of powder particles in a gas-powder flow is an important parameter that determines the powder capture coefficient (PCC) and, as a consequence, the efficiency of the DLD process. The powder flow distribution depends on the shape of the particles, the stability and the parameters of supply of the carrier gas and powder. When above conditions are fulfilled, gas-powder flow becomes stationary, which allows to determine PCC. The measurements of the PCC for different amounts and cases of nozzle positions were conducted. Having analysed the experimental and calculated results we can conclude that the model of the powder stream satisfactory describes one tube nozzle.


Exaggerated rhetoric accompanies many of the contemporary claims about the ageing of the Australian population. Even the more reasoned of the claims about ageing and the economy often generate more heat than light. The best way to clarify the problem is to expose such contributions to evidence and argument, showing the flaws in the rhetoric used to buttress the view that we face a serious ageing problem.


Worasuwannarak, N., Potisri, P. and Tanthapanichakoon, W. Upgrading of biomass by carbonization in hot compressed water Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol., 2006, 28(5) : 1049-1057 Carbonization of biomass (corn cob) in hot compressed water was performed using a small bomb reactor at temperature 300-350oC and pressure 10-18 MPa for 30 min. Then, the solid product or biochar was subjected to various analyses in order to investigate the effects of the carbonization in hot compressed water on the characteristics of the biochar. It was found that the yield of biochar carbonized in hot compressed water at 350oC and pressure of 10 MPa for 30 min was 44.7%, whereas the yield of biochar carbonized in nitrogen atmosphere at 350oC is 36.4%. Based on the information obtained from the elemental analyses of the biochar, it was found that the oxygen functional groups in the corn cob were selectively decomposed during the carbonization in hot compressed water. The pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of the biochar were found to be affected significantly by the carbonization in hot compressed water.


AbstractFamine is a social and economic crisis that is commonly accompanied by widespread of malnutrition, starvation, epidemic disease, and increased mortality. This paper focuses on the period of the Great Leap Famine in China between 1958 and 1962. Based on newly-collected oral interviews and archival evidence, it gives voices to ordinary villagers from different parts of China—from various counties in one of China's biggest and most populated Sichuan province in the southwest to Shandong in the east and Hunan in central China and examines their experiences and their survival strategies in times of hunger, illness, and death. It shows that an integral part of everyday famine culture, particularly in rural China, which was worst hit, concerns the kitchen knowledge and practice of healing and nutrition. Many traditional recipes that were used in previous times were rediscovered and used as everyday hunger-coping techniques. Some are dated back to the Ming dynasty—a few were recorded in Materia Medica for Famine Relief (Qiuhuang bencao 救荒本草, c. 1406). Using the methodology of oral history set against the historical background of traditional materia medica, this paper elicits how ordinary people in rural China devised complex and plural strategies to cope with fundamental biological crises.


Multilevel inverters (MLIs) are used in a variety of industrial applications in high-and medium-voltage systems. The modularity, high-power output from medium voltages, and low harmonic content are some of the advantages of MLIs. The reliability of MLIs is quite important. The reliability is affected by different kinds of faults occurring in the MLIs. In MLI circuits, switching devices are the most vulnerable components and have a major involvement in all types of faults. As an outcome, it is necessary to take proper corrective action in the event of a fault.


B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is recognized as the most prevalent leukemia in the Western world. Conventionally, it is believed that B-CLL cells, as a result of failed apoptosis, accumulate in the bone marrow, secondary lymphoid organs and peripheral blood, hence eventually causing symptomatic disease and need for therapy [1]. A significant proportion of patients undergo an indolent course of disease without needing treatment for years, while others progress rapidly. Due to the heterogeneous clinical presentation, markers indicative of prognosis play a consequential role in the clinical management of B-CLL [2]. Hence, mutational status of the variable regions of the immunoglobulin heavy chain genes (IgVH), expression of the cellular markers CD38 and ZAP70, sCD23 and b2-microglobulin (b2M) in the serum and aberrations of chromosomes 11, 12, 13 and 17 are routinely analyzed due to their prognostic relevance [2–4]. Soluble CD163 (sCD163) has received considerable attention as a biomarker [5]. The protein appears in plasma and other tissue fluids as a result of proteolytic cleavage of the CD163 extracellular domain on the membrane of monocytes and macrophages. Although the role of sCD163 is unknown, the protein level has been found to increase during inflammation, and it has been proved to be a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and drug response in a growing number of disease entities [5,6]. Specifically, an increased level of sCD163 has been found in several hematologic neoplasms, and recently this protein was reported to be of prognostic significance in multiple myeloma [6,7]. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of sCD163 in B-CLL by assessing the level in the plasma of 30 diagnostic samples and relating it to the course of disease. Blood samples of patients with B-CLL (n  30) and healthy controls (n  9) were collected at hospitals in the Central Denmark Region, Denmark, between 2009 and 2012. Patients were diagnosed with B-CLL within 24 h of sample collection. As concomitant disorders around the time of sampling, one patient had benign colon adenoma and type 2 diabetes, two patients had type 2 diabetes, one was suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, one had diverticulitis coli, one was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma, one was diagnosed with carcinoma of the prostate 3 months post B-CLL diagnosis and two patients were formerly diagnosed with malignant melanoma. At sampling none of the patients were receiving treatment with immediate impact on the level of sCD163. The median age of the patients was 73.5 years (range 46–93 years) and for the age-matched control group 66 years (range 57–88 years) (p  0.475). The male/female ratios were 19/11 and 5/4, respectively. Plasma concentration of sCD163 was measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as described by Moller et al. [8]. C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured on a Roche cobas® 6000 analyzer using particle enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. Flow cytometric analyses were carried out on a FACS Aria III (BD Biosciences, San Diego, CA). Gating strategies relied on internal negative controls and, for CD163, the principle of Fluorescence Minus One. A total of 1  106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stained using the following antibodies: a-CD19 BD horizonTM V450 (HIB19) (BD Biosciences), a-CD5 allophycocyanin (APC) (UCHT2) (BD Biosciences), a-CD23 peridinin chlorophyll protein complex (PerCP)-Cy5.5 (M-L233) (BD Biosciences), a-CD14 APC-H7 (MfP9) (BD Biosciences), a-CD163 phycoerythrin (PE) (Mac2-158) (Trillium Diagnostics, Brewer, ME) and a-CD38 PE-Cy7 (HIT2) (BD Biosciences), in addition to BD Via-Probe (BD Biosciences). The B-CLL clone was defined as CD19/CD5/CD23/Via-Probe and the cut-off value for CD38 was 30%. Monocytes were defined as CD14/SSChigh PBMCs. A minimum of 10 000 monocytes was analyzed.


Bundled-data designs can mitigate many of the ill effects of process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations. This paper describes an open-source CAD flow to synthesize BD designs from RTL specifications, using perl and TCL scripts that drive commercial tools. The flow called Edge has been developed using experiences from both an open-source CPU called Plasma and a Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. industrial design.


Considerable research has examined the antecedents and benefits of knowledge sharing in organizations, yet there been little attention on knowledge hiding. We use a combination of social exchange a...


This research aims to problematize and reconstruct meanings, with and from the experience, of the Peruvian Network of Masculinities (RPMasc), which is about the participation of men in the antipatriarchal activism. The type of the research was qualitative and the methodology that guided it was the Participatory Action Research. The results were organized in five key points. The first one addresses the recovery experience of the RPMasc. The second point problematize the meanings and participation experiences of men in the antipatriarchal activism. As third point, it addresses the implications of thinking the change from the antipatriarchal activism. The fourth point problematizes the possibilities and tensions, from the collective praxis, of being linked with the feminist movement. Finally, the last point describes the process of the collective strengthening from the implementation of the participatory action research, a research with an inside approach.


Objective:To analyze the compliance and related factors of rabies vaccination crowd,standardize the rabies exposure disposal process,improve compliance of exposure,provide prevention and control basis.Method:The compliance and related factors of of Essen program in 3752 cases of rabies exposed population from January 2013 to April 2015 were analyzed and the epidemiological characteristics of rabies also were analyzed.Result:15-60 years old was the main immune population,the injured population sex ratio of male to female was 1.26∶1.The dog was a major cause of injury of animals(85.87%),the proportion of other animals in the crowd was significantly increased. The total number of injured people was a rising trend in three years,high incidence of injury season was the 2-3 quarter,the degree Ⅲ proportion of people injured degree increased year by year.The completed entire vaccine injection rate was 75.11%,the full compliance of the whole injection was low and the reasons were various,the injection rate of passive immunization was 7.4%.Conclusion:Timely and standardized treatment of wound,correct full vaccination and when necessary given the immune globulin to passive immunity can prevent the death of rabies effectively,health education should be enhanced to improve the vaccination compliance.


At the present stage, considerable attention is paid to the problems of harming the environment, which arises as a result of uncontrolled or unreasonably burdensome tourism and recreational activities for natural landscapes. The article highlights certain ecological aspects of the development of the tourism and recreation sphere. It is determined what impact the growth of mass tourism has on the natural and recreational potential and the natural environment.As you know, the policy of intensifying the use of tourist-recreation potential leads to an increase in the load on the ecosystem. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to form a policy and develop a strategy for the development of tourism not separately, but as an integral part of a unified regional policy based on the principles of sustainable ecologic economic development.An important factor in the development of tourism is maintaining a balance between ecological, economic and social components. First of all, environmental factors of development should be taken into account: optimal anthropogenic load on the natural resources of the territory, diversification of types of tourism: the formation of ecolo-gically oriented directions, which will make it possible to achieve a balanced develop-ment of tourism.The policy of the development of the tourist and recreational sphere, taking into account the environmental impact, is becoming more and more urgent and relevant. The protection and transformation of recreational areas includes the determination of load standards for natural complexes, the allocation of green zones and resort forests, the protection of recreational lands, forest management measures, the protection of underground water and mineral resources and sources, and the preservation of the purity of the air basin.The rapid development of tourist and recreational activities is reflected in the massive, sharp increase in the number of tourists, includingmotorists. Issues of protection of natural resources should be resolved long before the start of exploitation of the recreational area, i.e. at the design stage.Keywords:ecological aspects, tourist and recreational activities, impact and consequences, balance.


William Tyndale (1494–1536), reformer and translator, is the true father of the English Bible. His English translations of the Bible printed in 1526, 1530, and 1534 provided the basis for the King James Translation, and through his translations, Tyndale became one of the founders of the modern English language. In the process of translating the Bible from Hebrew and Greek into English, Tyndale coined several new English words—transforming older English words or in some cases inventing unique and striking new English words—that have since become central terms in religious discourse. From a study of just a few of these words, we can better understand Tyndale's genius for language, his methodology, and his theology, and we can gain insight into the complexity of translation. Most important, we can better appreciate the gift Tyndale gave to English speakers: the word of God in our own language. Truly, for Tyndale and for us, "a word fitly spoken is like apples of gold in pictures of silver" (Proverbs 25:11). Born in Gloucestershire, England, William Tyndale studied at Oxford and possibly Cambridge. He joined the reform movement there, and in 1524 he moved to Hamburg, Germany, never to return to his native country. The reformers all recognized the Bible as the authoritative voice of God that superseded the traditions of the Catholic Church. Foxe records Tyndale's early passion for the Bible. He recounts that Master Tyndale happened to be in the company of a learned man, and in communing and disputing with the learned man about the issue of the Bible and the Catholic Church, the learned man said: "We were better without God's law than the pope's. Maister Tyndall hearing that, answered him, I defy the Pope and all his laws, and said, if God spare my life ere many years, I will cause a boy


Vocabulary is an essential part in learning English. The common problems in learning English might be caused of the students were lack of vocabulary. The aimed of the study was to solve the problems by using riddles game. The researcher used Classroom Action Research as the research design. There were four stages in one cycle in which planning the action, implementing the action, observing the action, and reflecting on the action. One cycle of this research that consisted of three meetings. The subject of the study was 7 H class. The researcher used the research instruments such as interview guide, questionnaire, observation checklist, field notes and test. The criterion of success in which 70% of the students passed the minimum score that was 80. The average score of post-test was 93,54% students passed the criterion of success. Based on the post questionnaire, the students felt interested during learning process and the students' vocabulary mastery was improved. The  researcher suggested to English teacher to use riddles game as an alternative technique in teaching vocabulary, to students could apply this game out of the class, and the researcher hopes other researchers can use riddles game as a reference to conduct their research on the field because riddles game is the effective way to teach vocabulary.


Addition of nanosized intermetallic or metallic phases into corundum considerably raises mechanical behavior of the material. In this work, the nanocomposites of α-Al2O3/intermetallic and α-Al2O3/metal systems were obtained by mechanochemical reduction of α-Fe2O3 by Al (and by solid solution of Al in Fe). The mechanochemical reduction process of hematite by various amount of metal-reducer was studied by IR and Mössbauer spectroscopies, and by X-ray synchrotron radiation diffraction technique.


Many organizations look to reuse for large improvements in quality and productivity, but measuring reuse is difficult, to be attempted only after careful analysis of measurement and management goals. This article describes how to measure reuse and provides warnings on how some numbers can be misleading.


The paper presents the results of mathematical modeling of a sensorless electric drive control system operation. This system is based on a dependent voltage inverter with current phase control and phase-locked loop frequency control and feeds an asynchronous valve motor in the stop mode. The article presents the developed model of this electric drive in the MATLAB mathematical modeling system. The model features an excitation frequency converter, that maintains a nominal rotor current and a constant excitation frequency of 15 Hz. From the stator (armature) side, the frequency converter is synchronized in phase with the current using an automatic frequency control unit and sets the phase angle between the current and the armature voltage. The paper presents a basic system of equations that describes the modes of operation of an asynchronized valve motor, as well as the expression of the electromagnetic moment in the stop mode. It shows the electromagnetic torque on the motor shaft, which was obtained as a result of mathematical modeling of the thrust mode of an asynchronized valve motor at rated currents, the rotor frequency of 15 Hz, with 20 electrical degrees phase shift between the current and the armature voltage.


Abstract The linear chromosomes of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum are bounded by telomere repeats of the type TTT/CAGGG and are organized into functionally different compartments. House keeping genes are located in the conserved central chromosomes regions, whereas antigen genes frequently map to the polymorphic subtelomeric chromosome regions. The high mutability and allelic diversity observed in malaria antigen genes correlates with their location on highly recombinogenic chromosome extremities. Plasmodium falciparum antigens are involved in numerous aspects of parasite adaptation to its host environment. The compartmentalization of variable genes and gene families coding for antigens is probably a result of adaptive evolution that rapidly gives new phenotypic solutions in a changing environment. Thus, P. falciparum subtelomeric segments represent dynamic structures capable of rapid evolution.


This study aimed to determine the related antepartum and intrapartum factors of birth asphyxia among neonates born in a tertiary referral hospital.


Various risk factors in benzene production such as fire and explosion,poisoning,electrocutions,calding,etc.were introduced in this paper.Some preventive measures were put forward.


The mercury–cadmium–tellurium (MCT) sensors are considered the ideal infrared detectors to equip the focal plane arrays (FPAs) of astronomical scientific missions. To tackle Europe to be self-sufficient on this technology and promote to reach the same maturity level attained by the current MCT sensors market leaders, the Astronomy European Infrared Detector (ASTEROID) project aims to provide Europe with the capability to manufacture high-performance infrared FPAs devoted to scientific use, space astronomy, and ground-based telescope infrastructures. The resulting detector will be a hybridized MCT array with a CdZnTe substrate of 2k $\times2\text{k}$ pixels and 15 $\mu \text{m}$ of pixel pitch. The Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE) will lead the task to validate the detector performance with respect to the hybridization reliability between the readout integrated circuit (ROIC) and the MCT detector by submitting it to several low-temperature thermal cycles. After every thermal stress, the detector will be optically characterized in order to measure any performance degradation and possible problems with the pixel operability. To perform such tasks, two custom setups, focused on optical and cryo-vacuum aspects, were developed, which, used in conjunction, allows to cool down the detector from the room temperature up to ~30 K, while it is electro-optically characterized in terms of linearity, gain, quantum efficiency, and cosmetics defects, among others. The whole cryo-vacuum system and the optical setup are fully described in this article as part of the work packages assigned to IFAE to test the hybridized detector to assess the reliability at operating temperature and after several thermal cycles.


Female taoist priest Yu Xuanji,was in favour of using the literary references of Song Yu's three Proses in her poems.From the surface layer We can say that is because the Song Yu's three proses have attibute of being advantageous for the poet to express in writing the love content;But as looked from deeper layer,on love pursuing,love experience and independent consciousness,the writings of Yu Xuanji's and Song Yu's do have the similarity,meanwhile three proses at that time was affecting in a big way really.Due to this same kind of concentric life setback feeling and the energetic makings conjunction,might it caused Yu Xuanji to like taking advantage of three proses with Song Yu's glass,yet irrigated itself her own anger.


Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to monitor seasonal cytochrome P4501A monooxygenase (MO) activity (measured as ethoxyresorufin O deethylase (EROD) activity) in gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) Basal EROD activity declined in midsummer but returned to postspawning spring levels by late summer Seasonal variation in basal EROD activity corresponded with changes in liver somatic index, condition factor, and percent body lipid, indicating that seasonal variation in basal field EROD activity may result from changing physiological condition Benzo[a]pyrene induction experiments demonstrated that, although the level of EROD activity changed seasonally, the magnitude of induction relative to corn oil injected controls remained the same Kinetic studies indicated monthly changes in apparent Vmax but no change in apparent Km Taken together, these results suggest that seasonal changes in EROD activity reflect changes in hepatic P4501A protein concentration This study has demonstrated that it can be inappropriate to interpret EROD activity from a suspect site without first understanding how seasonal field conditions influence P4501A activity


This research aims to substantiate the impact of using open innovation (OI) in the energy sector in readiness to implement artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and their effectiveness. The empirical method was proposed to determine the readiness level of OI for the implementation of AI technologies by comparing Russian and French energy companies. Readiness level indicators of companies for AI implementation using the Fibonacci sequence, Student's t-test, and the method of fuzzy sets were empirically determined. The integrated readiness indicator for AI implementation by companies was calculated using the method of fuzzy sets and expressed through variance, allowing for these significant factors. Russian companies are at a low level of developmental readiness to implement AI, which is in contrast to companies operating in a developed market where the determining factor is the AI technology cost. The example of the innovative business model "Energy-as-a-Service" shows the synergistic effects of OI use and AI technology introduction. This paper is novel because it seeks to contribute to the current debate in the literature, justifying the position that energy companies that have in the past actively applied the concept of open innovation in business, are the most competitive and most efficient in implementing AI technologies.


As we all know,there are numerous information sources in our enterprises,which provide many original dates for decision process. Meanwhile,the plenty of information sources increase the complication of decision.Therefore,we try to introduce a general method to select the satisfying information source or information sources set.This paper describes a new entropy fusion model,whose goal is to reduce the joint entropy.Further,it suggests the entropy adaptative aggregation algorithm,by which we can make a strategic decision.


Abstract : Nonprior service Air Force accessions during September 1973 through October 1975 were used as the sample in a series of analyses to (1) determine utility of educational data in predicting technical training success; (2) validate ASVAB, Form 3; (3) determine extent of overlap between education data based predictions and test based predictions; and (4) assess race and sex equity of predictions. Major findings are that: (1) both test data and educational background data contribute uniquely to prediction; (2) test data makes the largest unique contribution, and (3) some limited consideration of race and sex could improve predictions. Finding (3) applies only to a limited subset of the 43 training groups analyzed.


The ways of man and Heaven are the core of traditional Chinese philosophy on the Way.Traditional philosophy establishes the Way in the light of Heaven,so the Way of man is the manifestation of that of Heaven in social life and belongs to it in essence.Philosophy in modern times establishes that in the light of man,so the modern Way of man gets free from the Way of Heaven and becomes independent.It inherits the humanist spirit in the traditional one and stresses the value of modern humanitarianism,which is a criticism and inheritance of,and a transcendence to the Way of Heaven in traditional philosophy.


For the majority of Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic risk loci, the mechanism of action of variants or genes in AD pathophysiology remains unidentified. One way to approach this is to investigate the downstream effects of AD‐associated variants on molecular phenotypes such as expression and splicing. By integrating EADB and AD‐relevant brain expression and splicing data we performed the largest transcriptomic investigation of AD GWAS to date.


A high precision amplifier circuit which can be used in processing nearly μV signal is introduced, the demand to select an operation amplifier which has high open-loop gain and low drift is discussed, and the problems of temperature and noise influences to the high precision amplifier circuit are explored.


Summary form only given. In the present research, plasma jets form from Joule heating and ablation of a radial foil (~15 μm thin disk) using a pulsed power generator (COBRA) with 1 MA peak current and 100 ns rise time. We study the effects on jet dynamics resulting from varying an applied uniform axial magnetic field (Bz) from 0 to 1.8 T. We empirically observe a disruption of the plasma jet collimation. The critical Bz for the disruption depends upon the foil material (Al, Ti, Ni, Cu). We discuss physical reasons for the material dependence of the disruption.


In 2000, seventeen-year-old Nate Oglesby was hit by a car and killed while riding his bicycle home from his job at a Jewel-Osco grocery store in Cary, Illinois. He had to use US 14 to cross the Fox River, but the state highway bridge had been built in the early 1990s without a sidewalk or bike path. He rode in the median—the only place he could find to ride.


The aim of this study was reflect about professional formation and the reflexes of this in the performance of Physical Education teachers in Child Education. The methodology of the research is qualitative. The sample was composed of twelve teachers of Physical Education. The instrument for collecting data used was a questionnaire, containing eighteen issues. The results show that: 1) Physical Education teachers have difficulties in their performance in Child Education; 2) these difficulties are related, primarily, to the little knowledge acquired during professional formation on the specific nature of operations in Child Education. INTRODUCAO


The complicated form of geological object and geological structure can be shown in 3D model with the 3D visible technique in assistance to the traditional geological method.The first application of 3D visible technique to the ore prospecting of Qinglong Sb orefield has shown very abundant visual effects.In this paper,we have an analysis and sum of geological characteristics,alteration of wall rock,ore control conditions and factors of Qinglong Sb orefield.


A fully digital phase tracking loop based on a phase frequency detector and a digitally control phase shifter has been proposed to extract the continuous carrier signal from the burst-like input signal, whose frequency is very close to or same as that of the frequency of the local oscillator used in the loop. The phase drift of the loop is negligible during the off interval of the input signal. This property makes it useful in synchronising bursty signals. The performance of the proposed system has been verified through hardware experiment.


There is a growing demand of high-precision and low-power ICs for physiological signal acquisitions. One of the crucial functional blocks for such ICs is the analogue front-end circuit. In this paper we presented a compact analogue front-end circuit with adjustable gains that is elaborated for various physiological signal acquisitions. The circuit we have developed consists of a gain programmable instrumentation amplifier (GPIA), a current-to-voltage converter (I-V converter) and a high-precision reference. The circuit was designed using the SMIC 0.18 mum mixed-signal CMOS 1P6M process technology, with a silicon area of 356 mum times 105 mum. Back-end simulation results suggested that the circuit achieved a common-mode-rejection-ration (CMRR) of 142 dB, the adjustable gain from 31.6 dB to 76.5 dB, and the offset voltage less than 80 muV. The power consumption of the GPIA was approximately 113.4 muW under a 1.8 V power supply.


The study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of depression in cancer patients and to look for any association with sociodemographic profile. Patients registered for various cancers at a regional cancer centre were followed-up between July 2013 to October 2013. Depression in cancer patients was screened using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) questionnaire and administered the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) for severity of depression. Out of 183 cancer patients screened, 44 (24%) patients were identified to have depression using MINI. Mild to moderate depression was seen in 68% of married patients, and severe to very severe depression in unmarried and widowed group, severe to very severe depression was more prevalent in the illiterate group of patients (33%), and there was no association of subjective economic inequalities with degrees of depression. Further studies on larger sample size without selection bias will reveal the prevalence of depression in cancer patients.


The retail stores put up for sale multiple items while the spaces in the backroom and display areas constitute a scarce resource. Availability, volume, and location of the product displayed in the showroom influence the customer's demand. Managing these operations individually will result in sub-optimal overall retail store's profit; therefore, a non-linear integer programming model (NLIP) is developed to determine the inventory replenishment and shelf space allocation decisions that together maximize the retailer's profit under shelf space and backroom storage constraints taking into consideration that the demand rate is positively dependent on the amount and location of items displayed in the showroom. The developed model is solved using LINGO® software. The NLIP model is implemented in a real world case study in a large retail outlet providing a large variety of products. The proposed model is validated and shows logical results when using the experimental data collected from the market.


Abstract : This monograph presents a case study of the efforts of the United States government in helping Greece to defeat its Communist insurgency in the late 1940s. The United States conducted a foreign internal defense mission, providing the Greeks economic and military aid, plus civilian and military advisors. This monograph centers on the military advice that the United States provided to the Greek military during the period 1947-1949. It begins by reviewing the build-up of the Greek Civil War and the events that lead to the United States' involvement in that conflict. The paper then examines the major campaigns of the war and how political and military events impacted on the outcome of those campaigns. The monograph then concludes with recommendations for operational artists involved in future.


Criteria for guaranteeing the existence, uniqueness and asymptotic stability (in the sense of Liapunov) of periodic solutions of a forced Lienard-type equation under certain assumptions are presented. These criteria are obtained by application of the Manasevich–Mawhin continuation theorem, Floquet theory, Liapunov stability theory and some analysis techniques. An example is provided to demonstrate the applicability of our results.

 doi:10.1017/S1446181110000805


Many factors may be associated with depressive symptomatology among HIV seropositive pregnant women, in whom the prevalence of depression is relevant. Several studies have suggested that depression is an inflammatory condition, in terms of cytokine production. Moreover, pregnant women infected with HIV may have altered cytokine levels due to their infectious condition and pregnancy-related immunomodulation. Thus, we propose that depressive symptomatology during pregnancy could affect not only cytokine production but gestational outcomes as well. The aim of this observational, prospective, cross-sectional and non-random sampled study was to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptomatology and its relationship to perinatal outcomes and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines among HIV-infected pregnant women. Depressive symptomatology was related to lower newborn weight, and gestational age at delivery among HIV-infected pregnant women with CD4+ lymphocytes below 350 cells/mm3. Participants who obtained higher scores in the Zung Self-rated Depression Scale had lower levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α,) whereas Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels were similar in participants with low and high depressive symptomatology. In this study, it was found that increased maternal depressive symptomatology, combined with CD4+ lymphocytes below 350 cells/mm3, was related not only to lower newborn weight and height, but to lower gestational age at delivery as well.


This paper analyzes the current regulation on profile damage at home and aboard in detail,and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of geometry standard and impact standard,finally puts forward that new standard should have an overall consideration of the essence of tread damage as well as the fundamental principles of designing a new standard.


The long term benefits and costs of many technologies and control applications of the next future will depend on short time span dynamics. The resolution of most available economic energy system models is not able to detect their impact on the long time horizon. By adding equations to the code of OSeMOSYS, the open source energy system model, we enabled electric vehicles and related smart control strategies to be taken into account in a long term perspective. An application to a local case study explores the effect of the penetration of the electric vehicles on the power load and the role of the smart control strategies in shaving the additional peaks and pursuing environmental targets.


Dysregulated expression of Maf proteins (namely c‐Maf, MafA and MafB) leads to multiple myeloma in humans and oncogenic transformation of chicken embryonic fibroblasts. Maf proteins are transcriptional activators of tissue‐specific gene expression and regulators of cell differentiation. For example, MafA is a critical regulator of crystallin genes and the lens differentiation program in chickens. In mammals, MafA is essential for the development of mature insulin‐producing β‐cells of pancreas. It has been shown that MafA protein stability is regulated by phosphorylations at multiple serine and threonine residues. Here, we report that Maf proteins are also post‐translationally modified by small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) proteins at a conserved lysine residue in the amino‐terminal transactivator domain. A SUMOylation‐deficient mutant of MafA (K32R) was more potent than wild‐type MafA in transactivating luciferase reporter construct driven by αA‐crystallin or insulin gene promoter. In ovo electroporation into developing chicken embryo showed that the K32R mutant induced ectopic δ‐crystallin gene expression more efficiently than the wild‐type MafA. We also demonstrated that the K32R mutant had enhanced ability to induce colony formation of a chicken fibroblast cell line DF‐1. Therefore, SUMOylation is a functional post‐translational modification of MafA that negatively regulates its transcriptional and transforming activities.


The growth of the Indian economy after Independence has had little impact on the food security of the country. The paper analyses the development of advanced crop varieties through the use of agricultural technologies (hereinafter "agbiotech") within the technology transfer system, a framework which comprises of the interactions of intellectual property rights law and agricultural research and development in India. Through this, the author argues that agricultural innovation in India is failing due to the absence of connections within the technology transfer system and advocates for the creation of a national program aimed at advancing IP and tech-transfer capacity in agbiotech. 


The present invention creates a GUI-based application, the application implements the transmission input fields stored in a plurality of arithmetic operation result to another domain. In the development phase of the application, for example, drag and drop data output from the first region to the site on the spreadsheet screen or spreadsheet program associated with the first cell. Next, drag and drop data for outputting a second region from the site to the second cell on the spreadsheet screen associated. Then, the calculated values for the first and second units, or desired expression data is input to the third unit spreadsheet screen. The third unit may be dropped onto desired table or the application window.


1. The tin content of canned mangoes using thirteen important varieties and of four other canned fruits has been determined and the results reported.


The clearing-factor lipase activity of adipose tissue from fed rats has been shown to fall rapidly on starvation A rapid loss of enzyme results enzyme in be rapidly degraded converted into an inactive protein synthesis mammalian tissues in a continuation these studies, the results which are now


Abstract : The report presents three tasks involved in decision theory RESEARCH: Task 1 - Investigate procedures for improving human judgments of probabilities + utilities for decision making. In performing this investigation, DDI will conduct research on the application of decision theory to problems in policy analysis + resource allocation; Task 2 - Conduct problem oriented workshops for DOD personnel in which the potential value of decision analysis techniques is displayed to decision makers by showing them how decision analysis can be applied to real problems; Task 3 - Prepare a handbook for users of decision analysis designed for the manager, or staff, responsible for organizing and managing a decision analysis rather than for the decision analytic technician.


The Short-Pulse X-ray (SPX) project, which is part of the APS upgrade, will provide intense, tuneable, highrepetition-rate picosecond x-ray pulses through the use of deflecting cavities operating at the 8th harmonic of the storage ring rf. Achieving this picosecond capability while minimizing the impact to other beamlines outside the SPX zone imposes demanding timing and synchronization requirements. For example, the mismatch between the upstream and downstream deflecting cavities' rf field phase is specified to be less than 0.077 degrees root mean squared (rms) at 2815 MHz (~77 femtoseconds). Another stringent requirement is to synchronize beamline pump-probe lasers to the SPX x-ray pulse to 400 femtoseconds rms. To achieve these requirements we have entered into collaboration with the Beam Technology group at LBNL. They have developed and demonstrated a system for distributing stable rf signals over optical fiber capable of achieving less than 20 femtoseconds rms drift and jitter over 2.2 km over 60 hours. This paper defines the overall timing/synchronization requirements for the SPX and describes the plan to achieve them.


This paper presents an improved version of GLS-coding for simultaneous data compression and encryption called Range GLS-coding. It removes implementation issue of infinite precision real numbers due to long products of real numbers in GLS-Coding. This improvement increases the algorithm efficiency to almost double. Furthermore, encryption quality is improved by masking pseudorandom keystream; the secret key is incorporated by changing the direction and performing cyclic-shift operation in a complex piecewise linear chaotic map (PWLCM). Experimental results demonstrate that proposed algorithm has acceptable security and compression features. The overall algorithm provides simultaneous data encryption and compression and useful for real-time applications.


Due to the variety of financial markers, to determine an appropriate timing for buying or selling stocks is always a difficult task, the common way to handle it is using trading strategies formed by technical or fundamental indicators. To deal with the problem, an approach was proposed for optimizing a group trading strategy portfolio in the previous approach. To avoid unpredictable loss, the stop-loss and take-profit points are commonly used by investors to handle it. However, they are not easy determined by users when different trading strategies are employed. In this paper, attempting to provide a more useful group trading strategy portfolio, we propose an algorithm for obtaining a group trading strategy portfolio and its stop-loss and take-profit points using the grouping genetic algorithm. Experiments were conducted on a real dataset to reveal the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


The canonical interpretation of Catullus 6 characterizes the poem as a 'playful', 1 'occasional' piece between friends—gossipy Catullus (some commentators compare c. 67) tries to extract details of his friend Flavius' latest affair. Ferguson's comments are typical: to him, this piece is '. . . clever, friendly, not to be taken too seriously . . .'. But more careful attention to the wording of the poem will not allow so light-hearted an interpretation. Rather, Catullus 6 is an attack on a woman whose details are lost to us, but presumably known to Catullus and his readers. The insults are, it is true, encapsulated within the playfully indirect form of a 'hackneyed genre'—the sympathetic, or nosey, outsider inquiring into a friend's love life—but the poem's true intentions lie in the startling directness of the insults, which force our attention away from the surrounding frame and onto the woman herself. At its beginning, Catullus 6 is tactfully indirect. Apparently coy, Catullus suggests in lines 1–3 that Flavius would be talking about his latest amour to him were she not 'gauche and inelegant' (illepidae atque inelegantes in line 2). But in lines 4–5, Catullus abandons this indirection and appears to be telling Flavius directly what kind of woman Flavius is in love with; note the emphatic verum beginning line 4 ('the truth is . . .'). She is nescioquid febriculosi/scorti—'some kind of fever-ridden slut'. The strength of this phrase ought to be noted. Morgan pointed out that the only known occurrence of febriculosus before this is in Plautus' Cistellaria at 406 to describe common whores (as to its literal meaning, Morgan supports an earlier view that it refers to someone who has malaria). Morgan does acknowledge that this word is 'much harsher than customarily admitted' but counter-intuitively suggests that its shock value 'rivets the reader's attention on the lines which immediately follow', referring to the witty bedroom scene at


Beginning in the 1980s, anthropologists began to be bombarded with endless—and often strangely moralistic—exhortations to acknowledge the importance of something referred to as "consumption." The exhortations were effective; for the past 2 decades, the term has become a staple of theoretical discourse. Rarely, however, do anthropologists examine it: asking themselves why it is that almost all forms of human self-expression or enjoyment are now being seen as analogous to eating food. This essay seeks to investigate how this came about, beginning with medieval European theories of desire and culminating in the argument that the notion of consumption ultimately resolves certain conceptual problems in possessive individualism.


The copolymer of acrylic acid(AA)/butyl acrylate(BA) was synthesized by free radical polymerization and applied in leather retanning.The best application result occurred when the dosage of BA and initiator were 2% and 10% respectively.The higher dosage of initiator,the higher crystallinity the copolymer had,while the viscosity was lower.FTIR and DSC analysis showed the polymer was a coplymer of two monomers AA and BA,and its best application dosage,time,liquid ratio and temperature were respectively 1.5%,30 min,1∶1 and 30 ℃.Comparison with two other retanning agents revealed that the copolymer had a similar effect in leather elasticity.TEM showed the fiber bundles processed by the copolymer was dispersed sufficiently.


Having a well-defined control of the change processes in the configuration management in the software development life cycle, before and after being put into production environment, implies an effort of development personnel and an additional cost in the maintenance system. The objective of this paper is to establish the guidelines to regulate the activities and tasks during the process of development and maintenance of software-based systems in order to control the changes, integrity and traceability of its configuration, for this purpose it is taken as a reference the peruvian technical standards NTP-ISO/IEC 12207: 2016 for Software and systems engineering, NTPISO/IEC 27001: 2014 for Information security management systems and the methodology MÉTRICA version 3 for the systematization of life cycle of the software activities. The proposal defines the roles and responsibilities, the activities of each thread and the use of control templates, the validation of the was achieved through the analysis of three software systems with results that show that there is a better organization in the development, maintenance, control of the versions of the elements and the percentage of error in the configuration.


The objective of this study was to determine whether a prognostic model using risk factors for hearing loss could predict the chance that infants who failed a newborn hearing screen would subsequently be found to have hearing loss diagnosed by auditory brainstem response testing.


Since the release of Australia's first State of the Environment (SoE) report, a variety of physical environmental indicators have been determined for each SoE environmental management theme (the atmosphere, water {inland, estuarine and sea}, the land, biodiversity, heritage and human settlement). While monitoring these physical themes is fundamental to environmental protection, there are opportunities to expand SoE reporting within the broader context of sustainable development. Indicators of social welfare, equity and human health all have environmental components, both in terms of cause and effect. This has been recognised in the 1999 National Environmental Health Strategy which recommends the identification of indicators of environmental hazard, human health outcomes and environmental management processes to ameliorate these. Illustrating the effects of environmental degradation in terms of human health can increase community awareness of the relevance of environmental management or protection approaches. This article attempts to define a preliminary set of population health environmental indicators (PHEIs) that could be incorporated into SoE indicator sets. Such human health indicators can be used both as measures of environmental quality, as well as to illustrate how environmental degradation impacts on human health and quality of life. All indicators are developed from routinely collected health data sources to enable trend monitoring. Some examples are given of typical PHEIs produced for use within a NSW regional area.


The utility model relates to a hermetically-sealed wire roller. The utility model aims to provide a hermetically-sealed wire roller, which is simple in structure, low in cost and good in sealing effect. The hermetically-sealed wire roller comprises a bearing pedestal, a guide roller linked with the bearing pedestal is arranged outside the bearing pedestal, a bearing is arranged in the bearing pedestal, a guide roller shaft is arranged in the bearing, the guide roller shaft is inserted in the bearing pedestal from one end of the bearing pedestal, the other end of the bearing pedestal is sealed by using a gland, the shaft center of the guide roller shaft is provided with an air inlet channel, a part (connected with the bearing pedestal) on the side wall of the guide roller shaft is provided with an air outlet channel, and the air outlet channel is communicated with the air inlet channel. The hermetically-sealed wire roller disclosed by the utility model has the advantages that: by using the hermetically-sealed wire roller, foreign matters can be blocked outside the bearing well, thereby avoiding that the foreign matters abrade the bearing; and the hermetically-sealed wire roller is simple in structure, low in cost and good in sealing effect, and therefore, the hermetically-sealed wire roller is suitable for promotion and application.


Background: Leukocyturia is one sign of infection or inflammation of the urinary tract. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that can lead to several abnormalities in the immune system which allows an increased risk of infections, one of them is urinary tract infection. DM can also cause damage to microvascular complications that occur in various tissues including kidney glomerular capillary. Damage on the glomerular capillary may trigger the inflammatory response. Aim: To analyze differences of leukocyturia among patients with CKD stage V with DM and without DM. Methods: This study is an observational analytic study with case control design. Study sample was patients with CKD stage V in the dr. Kariadi General Hospital of Semarang during July 2011 – November 2011. Sample data obtained from patient's medical records. Number of 66 samples consisted of 33 cases samples and 33 control samples. The data was analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results: Based on results of the chi-square test obtained p value < 0.05 ( p = 0.001) and the Odds Ratio (OR) of 6.250. Conclusion: There is a significant difference of leukocyturia among patients with CKD stage V with DM and non DM. Patients with CKD stage V with a positive history of DM had a 6.25 times likely to positively had leukosituri compared to patients without a history of DM. Keywords: Leukocyturia, Chronic Kidney Disease, Diabetes Mellitus.


Stock investment has become to be one of the most interesting andpromising ways to provide a faster rate of return compared to otherinvestments. Markowitz has set foundations about how to take a goodinvestment decision by considering its expected return and standarddeviation. The purpose of this research is two-fold. First, is tocompare the total portfolio risk between international and domesticportfolio diversification. Second, is to find the relationship betweenportfolio size and portfolio risk. This research applies mean-standarddeviations, paired t-test, and simple regression analysis on theAmerican, German, and Indonesian stock markets. The results showthat international diversification gives more significant total riskreduction compared to domestic one. Another results show asignificant relationship between portfolio size and risk reduction. Itmeans that the more number of stock in portfolio, the lesser risk thatwill be taken. The least risk can be achieved by holding 15 stockswhether in domestic or international portfolio diversification. Theresults have revealed that diversification has a positive impactthrough stock investment. This study strongly recommends todiversify the investment internationally and to increase the portfoliosize to gain the lower risk.


Recently Hines [1965] in a review of atmospheric gravity wave theory invited the attention of wave theorists from other fields. This note is a direct result and is a by-product of other work in plasma waves. The intent of this note is only to point out an interesting feature of an equation given by Hines and treated somewhat on the same footing as a dispersion equation. From the analysis given by Martyn [1950] using a particular variable φ, the following differential equation is obtained (in Hines' notation) for waves in a nonisothermal atmosphere

((1))

((2))

with

C = velocity of sound.

g = acceleration due to gravity.

γ = ratio of specific heats.

ωa = γg/2C, the acoustic cutoff frequency.

ωB = [γ - 1 + γ (∂H/∂Z)]1/2(g/C)the modified Brunt-Vaisala frequency.

H = scale height = C2/γg = KT/Mg.

kx = horizontal wave number.

Z = vertical distance.


ABSTRACTA new system of dental identification and its components, a Radiographic Disclosure Pin, and a Personal Dental Identifier, are described. The concept of the new system and the placement of the components are illustrated from an on-going clinical study. This new system appears to have the potential to eliminate most of the limitations of the current AM-PM comparison system and become a useful adjunct to forensic odontology.There is only one successful system of dental identification in use today. There are four steps to this system, namely; examining the oral region, preparing postmortem records, securing antemortem records, comparing antemortem with postmortem records. Each step is encumbered by certain limitations that add to the complexity of this system and increase the time requirements to achieve an identification. The limitations are enumerated and examined in relation to the proposed new system.


In this paper, a decision-feedback differential detection (DF-DD) scheme for M-ary differential phase-shift keying (MDPSK) signals transmitted over Ricean fading channels is proposed. This scheme can improve conventional differential detection (DD) significantly for a multitude of frequency-nonselective channels. Moreover, prediction-based DF-DD is particularly well suited for application in mobile communications since the predictor coefficients may be updated regularly using the recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm. Here, adaptation can start blind, i.e., no training sequence and no a priori knowledge about the channel statistics are required. A further important characteristic of the proposed detection scheme is that no degradation occurs under frequency offset.


The molecular structure of a chlorophyll a catabolite isolated from the culture medium of bleached Chlorella protothecoides cells has been determined by X-ray diffraction; the crystal structure shows a distorted helical arrangement of the pyrrole rings and consists of symmetrical dimers located at a crystallographic diad, which are stabilized by six intermolecular H-bonds.


ENDOSCOPIC SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION (ESD) allows en-bloc, R0 resection of large (>20 mm) laterally spreading colonic lesions (LSL) minimizing recurrence risk and potentially curing low-risk submucosal invasive cancer (SMIC). However, colonic ESD is technically challenging, time-consuming and resource intensive which has limited its adoption in the West. Modifications are needed to improve the ease and efficiency of the procedure especially given its suitability for the subgroup of lesions at high risk of SMIC. The first case is a 74-year-old woman with a 40-mm, Paris 0-IIa + Is, granular, mid-rectal LSL (Video S1). The second case is a 72-year-old man with a 50-mm, Paris 0-IIa + Is, granular distal rectal LSL (Video S2). After careful lesion evaluation, full circumferential mucosal incision is carried out prior to insertion of the retraction device using the 1.5 mm Dual Knife (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). The submucosal injectate comprised a colloid solution (Gelofusine; B. Braun Australia, Bella Vista, Australia) combined with 0.2% indigo carmine blue and epinephrine diluted to 1: 100,000. The distal margin includes 1 cm of normal mucosa to create a flap of tissue for grasping. The overtube is then inserted, and grasping forceps are introduced through the accessory channel (Fig. 1). The distal flap is then clasped Figure 2 Grasping forceps for tissue manipulation in 360degree plane.


Abstract Due to their properties, humic acids (HA) can interact with macro- and micronutrients and retain plant nutrients in the soil profile. The aim of the presented work was to develop a new integrated 4-step process for the isolation of humic acids from peat with their simultaneous enrichment in macronutrients. The study demonstrated the possibility of replacing traditional solutions used in the extraction of humic acids with solutions that are a source of macronutrients. For the alkaline extraction step, a process assisted with ultrasound was implemented, which allowed to increase the efficiency of humic acids isolation. Optimization of this step has shown that, with the application of ultrasound in the new procedure, it is possible to obtain the humic acids isolation efficiency of more than 60%. The qualitative analysis of the products obtained confirmed the presence of structures characteristic of humic acids, including key functional groups.


The longitudinal stability of measures of peer acceptance, social status, and social reputation and the role of children's ages relative to classmates were studied during the transition from same-age kindergarten to mixed-age (ungraded) primary. Both overall peer acceptance and aggressive social reputation showed moderate stability from kindergarten to ungraded primary. Half of the children who were rejected at Time 1 (kindergarten) maintained their rejected status in ungraded primary. Results were comparable to previous research on same-age classrooms. Implications of children's peer relations for adjustment to ungraded primary are discussed.


The understanding of E region plasma instabilities is crucial for the interpretation of the enormous stream of data from large ongoing projcets like STARE and SABRE in Europe, and BARS in Canada, in which measurements of radar scatter from E region plasma waves are used to infer the electric fields, hydromagnetic waves, and field-aligned currents in the E region. Auroral echoes measured by 50 MHz CW Doppler radars strongly indicate that the electrostatic ion cyclotron (EIC) mechanism may be more important in auroral irregularity formation than was previously suspected. Doppler spectra taken over 64 ms intervals are highly structured, showing as many as seven or eight discrete frequency components whose frequency separation is often approximately the cyclotron frequency of one of the principal ions in the E region. In this note, we show that when examples of each of the four standard spectral types (1 to 4), whose classification is based upon time-averaging over several seconds, are examined with the finer time resolution of 64 ms (i.e., a resolution of the same order as the lifetime of the individual plasma irregularities), all four types appear to be composites of many harmonically structured bursts as described above. Since the spectral componentsmore » in individual bursts may occur at frequencies that are not exact multiples of the ion gyrofrequency, time averaging over many bursts usually smears out the harmonic content, resulting in broader spectral peaks. The resulting smoothed spectra then appear to be caused by instabilities other than the EIC instability. copyright American Geophysical Union 1988« less


B ridging the disconnect between theory and practice has become more challenging in recent years because of the ever-changing health care environment. The role of the nurse continues to advance and evolve as a result of rapid shifts in technology, constant restructuring of health care delivery systems, and increased complexity of patient care needs. To keep up with these increasing demands, nurse educators need to prepare students to be competent in the practice environment, capable of functioning on interdisciplinary teams, and champions of quality and safety initiatives. The skill of translating and applying research in the clinical practice setting is central to meeting these goals; however, it remains unclear whether new graduate nurses enter the workforce prepared to do so. The results from a recent national study conducted by the National Executive Center found that only 40% of nurse leaders were satisfied with new graduate nurse competencies related to understanding the principles of evidence-based practice. In addition, RNs continue to face significant barriers associated with the basic skills necessary to transform research into practice. These deficiencies include the inability to perform research critiques, navigate electronic databases, and understand research findings. The current practice setting demands that new-to-practice nurses possess the capabilities to apply research findings to directly influence patient care. According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, baccalaureate-prepared nursing students should be able to identify and evaluate clinical practice issues, use decision making, and critically appraise nursing research. Furthermore, to provide a seamless transition into practice and promote lifelong learning, these skills should be cultivated as part of the prelicensure nursing curriculum. It is important for nurse educators to help students gain research competencies early and then consistently integrate throughout a nursing curriculum. Nurse educators have long struggled to find pedagogical strategies to respond to the gap between nursing theory and clinical practice. Most prelicensure baccalaureate nursing programs offer a basic research course. Students generally view the research course as lacking in excitement or interest, and this makes teaching it a challenge. In fact, students have reported that research coursework is not a priority when compared with other core nursing courses. In addition, accelerated, second-degree nursing students face extra challenges because of shortened curriculum and rapid shift to clinical practice. Nurse educators need new strategies that will engage students in themeaningful applicationof research and evidencebased practice. This article describes how 1 accelerated prelicensure nursing program attempted to achieve these goals by forming an extracurricular student-run journal club. The article also describes the evaluation and outcomes of the journal club.


Manager take up by nepotism, managing unprofesionalized, high operational cost and maintenance but low product sales price (on PDAM) caused unpropfitable per /annum. The old machine and equipment need bigger investment. Loans are borrowing but unpayable. That's all of the problem wcich leat unfitnesess BUMD in Indonesia. Also, BUMD for PDAM and BPR in Bandung regency. Pushing forward the fact and bring around the data about: Taking hold of manager handed by birocrate saying with nepotism Low contribution of BUMD profit to PAD for example : PDANM and BPR with only one nol comma to compare with kind another PAD. Each about average 1.65% the real ( 2003) and average 0.66% on budgeted (2004). The PDAM tarif's tendencied lower than operational cost and maintenance although there are merchant/service tarif's and industrial corporation tarif's with fixed buy Pemda. Higher than cost.  Maybe at means for cross subsidied to another tarif's. But always following losses each /year. BUMD (PDAM) performance said that corporation are in solvabel but not liquid. And earnig power are low, while in the budgeting are not really. Maybe it means not to high made planed. BUMD ( BPR) performance said that corporation are and solvabel and liquid, but earning power are low. This budget not considering cost efficiencies. Machine and equipment had been 35% used caused high cost for maintenance. Loan from year 1991 up to 2004 only paid 21% for foreign loan and 14% for domemestic loan.Limited due are : 2006 (before rescheduling), 2010 (after rescheduling) ut to 2017 (no rescheduling). That's all of phenomenon described for unfitnessess BUMD. If the BUMD must be bankrupt and close in, there for that only and economic action. But if not pissible like that, there have and alternatif is namely corporatisation. But must fit well.In corporatisation be able to do think % portion for Pemda and % portion and society. So that Pemda still have PAD and there are another aim PAD for example "Tax Income". Another point of view are bargaining some possible project invested to investor beginning from 2002 to 2004, agrobisnis project looks realized. None the other project. This act to do as sistitute to 79 private corporation which bankrupt in Bandung regency (BPS).


Objective To investigate the preoperative glucose metabolism of patients with postoperative stress-hyperglycemia. Methods One hundred and six patients without diabetic history who had prepared for heart surgery were brought into this investigation. Standardized oral glucose tolerance tests were performed before the surgeries in all the patients. It was divided into stress hyperglycemia group and the control group,according to stress hyperglycemia,compared their basic values and glucose metabolic outcomes before the surgeries. Results Values of WHR(P = 0.006),2h-PBG (P = 0.000),HbA1c(P = 0.001),FINS(P = 0.000) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.002) in the stress hyperglycemia group were all significantly higher than those in the control group. Preoperative 2h-PBG (P = 0.002) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.018) at admission were significantly correlated to stress glucose. Conclusion Preoperative 2h-PBG makes contribution to stress hyperglycemia. Besides FBG,2h-PBG and insulin would be measured for the patients with abdominal obesity in spite of no diabetes.


### Learning Point for Clinicians

The prevalence of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is not clear yet. The diagnosis of hepatopulmonary can be masked by other co-morbidities and the non-specific presentation. Although its presence is associated with high mortality, this condition is reversible after liver transplant. Awareness of diagnostic criteria for HPS is crucial amongst physicians.

The diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is often missed due to lack of suspicion. Patients with a diagnosis of HPS can be allocated extra points on the liver transplant wait list to enhance the possibility of receiving an organ. We present a 64-year-old male presented for evaluation of worsening ascites and shortness of breath. The oxygen saturation was 89% in the supine position and 86% when sitting up or standing. After ruling out all the obvious causes of worsening dyspnea, ABG, PFTs and Echo bubble study was performed which confirmed diagnosis of HPS. Established diagnosis of HPS in these patient advocates bad prognosis but at the same time also gives …


The review analyzes the distribution, clinical manifestations and complications of monkeypox in humans with an emphasis on neuropsychiatric disorders that are important for human socialization and the necessary medical and social interventions in order to maintain a regime of sanitary well-being in society.


Parameter identification is one from the stages of construction the models of the static systems. One from the most effective methods of parameter identification based on data with an interval uncertainty there is a method of localization (approximation) the area of interval model parameters with selection the «saturated block» in the basic interval system of linear algebraic equations (ISLAE). This method has some advantages in comparison with existing methods. In particular it is the best by the criterion of simplicity of operation by corridor of interval models for the prediction tasks and by the criterion of minimization the computing complexity of finding the multiple estimations of models parameters. However the conditions of method's application are not research. There is the efficiency of computer realization the method and the conditions at which the known algorithms of its realization do not enable to get the solution are research in the article.


The ballistic response of advanced composite for ballistic protection and its application status in engineering field are reviewed in this paper. Firstly, the bulletproof performance of high-performance fiber is outlined based on the experimental results of engineering application research. Those high-performance fibers include ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber, aramid Ⅲ fiber, poly para phenylene terepthalamide (PPTA) fiber, poly-p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole (PBO), and polyimide (PI) fiber. In addition, the application status of its composite is introduced in the field of ballistic protection engineering. The ballistic performance of advanced composite is gradually improved with the breakthrough of fiber mechanical properties in recent years. Secondly, the influence factors and its working-mechanism of ballistic behavior of advanced composites are discussed. It is found that the plastic tensile deformation of advanced composites is the main ballistic mechanism to resist projectile penetration. Finally, the research outlooks of advanced composite for ballistic application are proposed.


Objective: To evaluate the behavior of the Paula poinsettia variety (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch) and to describe its characteristics, based on the guidelines established by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV).
Design/Methodology/Approach: The genetic improvement included hybridization and selection techniques. To promote compaction and greater branching, it was grafted on a commercial variety. The cuttings obtained gave rise to the Paula variety (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch), which was described in 2020, based on the Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. A completely randomized experimental design with 10 replications was used. Vegetative and bract characteristics were recorded and an analysis of variance was applied, as well as a Tukey's mean comparison test (P≤ 0.05).
Results: The Paula variety is medium-sized and has a wide breadth and medium branching. It is pale green in the middle third of the stem. It has oval-shaped, long, and broad leaves of the same medium-intensity color, and a wedge-shaped base. It has a long petiole with a pale green upper side. This variety also has many elliptical red bracts of medium length and narrow width. Compared to other INIFAP varieties, the vegetative and bract characteristics of Paula presented statistical differences.
Study Limitations/Implications: The commercial production of poinsettia is carried out through asexual propagation. The mother plant is kept in a vegetative state, through comprehensive and intensive management, preventing its flowering and obtaining a continuum of propagation material.
Findings/Conclusions: Paula has an intermediate cycle, with quality and competitive size, branching, and color of the bract (red). It can satisfy the taste and preference of consumers in the domestic and even foreign markets


The changing needs of aging people ask for lasting improvements within the urban environment for them to stay socially and physically active, independent and healthy for as long as possible and for them to live a fulfilling retirement. Hello neighbors! addresses the quality-of-life issues that concern our aging population. It puts forward public space design interventions for attractive public places for - fragile- elderly and visualizes them in the case: Dutch new town Houten.


........................................................................................................................ 29 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 30 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................. 33 Source of Wastewater, Primary solids, and Glycerol ............................................... 33 Process Configuration for Glycerol Effect and Mixing Intensity ............................. 33 Process Configuration for Hydrogen Addition ......................................................... 35 Analytical Techniques .............................................................................................. 36


To begin at the end—in reverse—I think of one of the notices of Jacques Derrida's death—the New York Times obituary of 10 October 2004—that announced not just that he had died but that his moment had passed (in America) and had never really arrived (in France). It goes almost without saying that this obituary was both ungenerous and what one would want to call inaccurate in virtually all of its particulars, so I intend not to dwell on its words or offer to correct them. Instead, I'll address the question of the ways in which we frequently speak of thought (exemplified by the obituary)—the ways we rely on a time line and repeated acts of pointing to gesture toward importance and the most essential observations of writers and writing. I'll also say something about Derrida's efforts to consider and even revise such ways of proceeding. For lately rereading some of Derrida's books and essays and reading others for the first time has reminded me of the importance I attach to his sense of the complexity with which we construct our thinking lives and to his eminently practical challenge to theways inwhichwe talk about it. Deconstruction, as he practiced it, didnot counter Enlightenment rationalism by frontally contesting the power of reason. Instead, Derrida's deconstruction engaged him in thinking about the omnipresence of rational structures in our writing and our thought and the way in which we employ them to lure ourselves into methods, however imprecise and unmethodical, that substitute the anticipation of value for the apprehension of it. Such rational arrangements encourage us to think thatwe


Materials & Methods: Sixty-four Wistar rats were divided into eight groups. The animals in the control group received dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Group 2 as the Isc/R group went under the Isc/R procedure. Groups 3, 4, and 5 as the NAR groups received 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg of NAR, respectively. Groups 6, 7, and 8 were the Isc/R+NAR groups. The NAR was administrated for four consecutive weeks orally. Levels of the expression of p53, Bcl2, and Bax genes were assessed. The histomorphometric features, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO), inflammatory cytokines, and hepatic enzymes were analyzed.


It is known that the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol for smart meter network is vulnerable to denial of service attacks (e.g., black hole attack and selective forwarding attack). In this paper, we introduce supervised machine learning to detect unknown routing attacks under AODV. There are two problems in the existing intrusion detection algorithms. The first problem is that the existing intrusion detection algorithms are mainly applied to a specific and known type of routing attack, which no longer work for unknown attacks. The second one is that constant thresholds are commonly used for detection. To overcome these two problems, we introduce a supervised machine learning based detection approach. To implement supervised machine learning, three steps are involved. First, features and target estimations are selected from malicious AODV behaviors in smart meter network to generate training data sets. Second, we assign a suitable classifier including support vector machine, k-nearest neighbors and decision trees to fit the training and predicted data. Third, we update our training data to maintain a dynamic threshold. Simulations are conducted using Python3.6 to evaluate the accuracy and the time overhead of our proposed supervised machine learning model. The simulation results show that the decision trees algorithm assures 100% accuracy with minimum time overhead to detect routing attacks in AODV.


To meet the need of advanced manufacturing technology, a piezoelectric actuator with high resolution was developed in this work. The principle of exciting the driving tip to vibrate elliptically was analyzed in detail. A prototype was fabricated to validate the analysis. Testing results shows that this prototype can obtain a speed of 16.6mm/sec in the sinuous exciting voltage signal with peak to peak value 100V, 50V offset and frequency 5.5 kHz. By adopting stacked piezoelectric ceramics, this motor has a stable output performance over a wide range of exciting sinuous voltage signal. Besides, this piezoelectric motor also has high resolution due to quasi-static operation mode.


The sections in this article are

1
Semiconductor: Poly-Silicon

2
Oxides: Gate Dielectrics

3
Nitrides

4
Multilevel Interconnects

Keywords:

multilayered processes;
oxides;
dielectrics;
interconnects;
metallization;
poly-silicon;
amorphous silicon;
silicides;
thermal budget


Two frequency selective surfaces (FSSs), each with 12 patch elements; have been exploited to enhance the gain of an extended size microstrip patch antenna up to 18.5 dBi at X‐band (8‐12 GHz) frequencies. The antenna gain is further improved to 19.2 dBi just by adding two reflectors across E‐field radiation. The concept of gain enhancement is first examined mathematically and them it is analysed with numerical method based on CST microwave studio simulations. Both of the proposed high gain antennas have been fabricated and tested at around 10 GHz frequencies. The measured and simulation results showed a good agreement.


Cells in a multicellular organism depend on extensive communication with each other. Eukaryotic cells have developed elaborate signal transduction systems by which externally provided information ( ...