AAV is an autoimmune disease characterized by systemic vasculitis and pauci-immune-type crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) with ANCA production1). Several authors have reported cases of ANCA-associated CGN with definite IC deposits2)3), however, the clinical significance of IC in patients with ANCA-associated CGN remains unclear.To investigate the clinical relevance of serum immune complexes (ICs) in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients.We developed a novel proteomic strategy for identifying and profiling antigens in immune complexes in the serum of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) patients. The serum was collected from the cohort of Japan Research Committee of the Ministry of Health Labour, Welfare for Intractable Vasculitis (JPVAS) before treatment and 6 months after initiation of treatment. The serum from healthy individuals was used for control samples. The Baseline data of each patient was collected with demographic information, laboratory data, disease activity according to the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) 2003, disease severity, and imaging data.We were able to examine 91 AAV patients (52 MPA patients and 39 GPA patients) with 82.4% for MPO-ANCA positive and 20.9% for PR3-ANCA positive. Almost half of the patients was female (56.0%). The median age was 70 years [interquartile range (IQR): 64-77]. The median BVAS was 17 (IQR: 12-23). We identified autoantigen of EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1) in 43 of MPA (82.6%) and 16 of GPA (41.0%) at baseline. After 6 months of treatment, no cases of EFEMP1 were identified in MPA and GPA. The clinical features of EFEMP1 positive in AAV patients were higher age at onset (p <0.01), less ear, nose and throat symptoms at initiation of treatment (p <0.05), higher serum Cr at initiation of treatment (p <0.01), higher vasculitis damage index (VDI) renal component at 12 months and 24 months after initiation of treatment (both p <0.05).Our findings indicate that an autoantigen as immune complexes of EFEMP1 were involved in the pathogenesis of AAV patients and may predict renal prognosis.[1]Wilde B et.al, Kidney Int. 2011 Mar;79(6):599-612.[2]Falk RJ et.al, J Am Soc Nephrol. 1997 Feb;8(2):314-22.[3]Haas M et.al, Kidney Int. 2004 Jun;65(6):2145-52.Table.Comparison with and without EFEMP1 (all cases)groupEFEMP1 positive (n=59)EFEMP1 negative (n=32)**p-valueSex(%male)27/59 (45.8%)13/32 (40.6%)0.665Age, years74 (66-78)68 (60-71)0.003WBC(/ml)8270 (7325-12725)9150 (7325-11700)0.280Cr(mg/dl)1.4 (0.9-3.8)0.8 (0.6-1.5)0.005CRP(mg/dl)7.0 (2.3-12.5)7.6 (4.0-11.0)0.566MPA(%)43/59 (72.9%)9/32 (28.1%)<0.001GPA(%)16/59 (27.1%)23/32 (71.9%)<0.001MPO-ANCA positive54/59 (91.5%)24/32 (65.6%)0.003PR3-ANCA positive*7/56 (12.5%)12/32 (37.5%)0.012BVAS total15 (12-20)20 (12-25)0.087BVAS renal positive53/59 (89.8%)26/32 (81.3%)0.332BVAS chest positive16/59 (27.1%)14/32 (43.4%)0.161BVAS ENT positive17/59 (28.8%)18/32 (56.3%)0.014BVAS systemic positive40/59 (67.8%)24/32 (75.0%)0.631VDI renal 6 months1 (0-2)0 (0-1)0.053VDI renal 12 months1 (0-2)0 (0-1)0.007VDI renal 24 months1 (0-2)0 (0-1)0.012IQR interquartile range. Values are median(IQR) or n(%), *missing data, **Wilcoxon signed-rank test/Fisher's exact testMomoko Okamoto: None declared, Kunihiro Ichinose: None declared, Kaname Oyama: None declared, Ken-Ei Sada: None declared, Shin-ya Kaname: None declared, masayoshi harigai Grant/research support from: AbbVie Japan GK, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., and Teijin Pharma Ltd. MH has received speaker's fee from AbbVie Japan GK, Ayumi Pharmaceutical Co., Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., GlaxoSmithKline K.K., Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Oxford Immuotec, Pfizer Japan Inc., and Teijin Pharma Ltd. MH is a consultant for AbbVie, Boehringer-ingelheim, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Teijin Pharma., Atsushi Kawakami: None declared


Parkinson's disease (PD) affects more than 1 million people in Europe and is the most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. After 50 years of age the prevalence increases rapidly, and aging of the world's population will probably lead to a considerable rise in the number of affected patients. There is no cure today for this devastating neurodegenerative disorder, which affects not only the motor system, but also cognitive, affective and gastrointestinal functions. Current pharmacotherapy is symptomatic and is aimed mainly at the replacement of dopamine depletion in basal ganglia, ameliorating characteristic motor deficits such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. The treatment with levodopa is very effective in the beginning but, with time, positive effects decline and abnormal involuntary movements called dyskinesia can develop. To improve the treatment of PD patients, intensive research is being carried out in several directions: genetic studies to identify mutations and genes linked to PD, to find the molecular pathways affected; development of appropriate animal models to support understanding of the underlying pathophysiological processes, and also to discover and test new treatments; and clinical studies with new therapeutic approaches for different stages of the disease from early PD symptoms to advanced severe cases. The four minireviews in this series discuss different aspects of recent progress in the field of PD, from advances in therapies to molecular genetics and studies in animal models. In the first article, Sydow presents an update on clinical features of the disease together with a review of two methods to treat patients with advanced PD suffering from severe motor fluctuations: deep brain stimulation and continuous duodenal levodopa infusion delivered by a programmable pump. Both treatments avoid oral uptake of therapeutics that depend on the increasingly irregular gastric emptying experienced by patients. Carmine Belin and Westerlund address PD from a genetic perspective in the second review. PD was considered to be a non-genetic disease for a long time, but in the last 10 years, 12 PARK loci have been reported to link to rare forms of the disease. At seven loci, mutated genes have been identified, and four of these genes have been implicated in sporadic PD as well. Genetic studies indicate that dysfunctions in several cellular pathways cause PD, and implicate genes involved in aggregate formation (a-synuclein), in protein handling (PARKIN, UCH-L1) or in mitochondrial function (PINK1, DJ-1 and probably LRRK2). Understanding the genetics of PD might help to identify and treat PD cases in the future at early stages or even persons at risk before the disease manifests itself. The third article, by Terzioglu and Galter, focuses on three types of rodent model of PD: neurotoxin-induced models; genetic models based on PD linkage studies or on ablation of genes necessary for development and survival of dopaminergic neurons; and tissue-specific knockout mice targeting dopaminergic neurons. The review compares the extent to which key pathogenic features of PD are seen in the models, and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each model. To understand the molecular bases of dyskinesia, rodent animal models for levodopa-induced dyskinesia have been created. In the last review, Santini, Valjent and Fisone summarize recent results indicating that abnormal signal transduction in striatal medium spiny neurons and abnormal dopamine D1 receptor signaling are associated with dyskinesia. Elucidating the mechanisms involved in the development of dyskinesia offers the possibility of designing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at prolonging the use of levodopa in the treatment of PD. Together, these reviews illustrate the diversity of studies carried out today to enhance our understanding of the etiology and progression of PD, knowledge necessary to find new and better treatments, particularly of advanced cases of this devastating disease.


Linux kernel uses loadable modules. To implement this kind of mechanism, some technique is proposed in this paper firstly. Then the major data structure, which linux adopts to implement module, is detailedly analysing。The data structure include struct module, struct module_symbol, struct module_ref and tables or lists consisting by them, such as module list, symbol table, dependency table and reference list. Finally, how to load and unload modules using these data structures is explained.


The December 1983 Kappan featured the story of Clinch School in Hawkins County, Tennessee, a small rural school with a student body of 161 students in 12 grades. Teresa Preston explains how the story of the community's fight to keep this school open and under local control is illustrative of the dilemmas surrounding rural schools that have been covered in Kappan for a century. Articles have grappled with whether schools should focus on encouraging students to stay in rural communities, how to ensure that schools are large enough to provide adequate programs but small enough to reflect the immediate community, and what role parent and community preferences should play in improvement plans for rural schools.


This paper presents a switched-capacitor Delta-Sigma modulator (ΔΣM) IP block for low-power high-resolution ADCs. The ΔΣM IP proposal does not require any circuit calibration neither internal supply bootstrapping. A complete design methodology from architecture to circuit levels with specific optimization of the overall power consumption is included. The presented ΔΣM IP block features a remarkable robustness against both process and temperature variations. For illustrative purposes, two 16-bit 50-kHz IP mapping examples in 1.8-V 180-nm and 1.2-V 65-nm mixed-signal CMOS technologies are presented with post-layout simulation results showing FOMS values around 177 dB.


By taking a shallow tunnel as the research object,the correlation between K'(the amplification effect coefficient of blasting vibration)and ratio R/S(R is the distance to blasting center,and S is the length of horizontal projection of the distance)was simulated numerically by using a dynamic finite element method,and the blasting vibration attenuation law considering the amplification effect was obtained.The result of the study was used to optimize the support parameters and provide guidance for construction.It is observed that numerical simulation results,on the whole,agree well with those of the field tests.It has some practical significance to the forecast of vibration effect and the theoretical study on amplification effect of vibration for blasting project under complicated condition of city.


Abstract Currently regional mean sea level trends and variations are inferred from the analysis of several individual local tide gauge data that spanonly a long period of time at a given region. In this study, we propose using a model to merge various tide gauge data, regardless of theirtime span, in a single solution, to estimate parameters representative of regional mean sea level trends. The proposed model can accountfor the geographical correlations among the local tide gauge stations as well as serial correlations, if needed, for individual stations' data.Such a vigorous regional solution enables statistically optimal uncertainties for estimated and projected trends. The proposed formulationalso unifies all the local reference levels by modeling their offsets from a predefined station's reference level. To test its effectiveness, theproposed model was used to investigate the regional mean sea level variations for the coastal areas of the Florida Panhandle using 26 localtide gauge stations that span approximately 830 years of monthly averages from the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level repository. Thenew estimate for the regional trend is 2.14 mm/yr with a ±0.03 mm/yr standard error, which is an order of magnitude improvement overthe most recent mean sea level trend estimates and projections for the Florida region obtained from simple averages of local solutions.


Electron microscopic observations were done on the lesion of psoriasis vulgaris topically applied 0.1% vitamin A acid ointment for 2 and 7 days. On the lesion of psoriasis vulgaris, the intercellular spaces were widened in which less dense amorphous materials and infiltrated cells were seen. In the cytoplasm of keratinocyte the irregular shapes of nucleus were seen, and the tonofibrillar formation were observed, and the structureless area of perinuclear part in which contained mitochondria were seen. On the upper parts of the prickle cell layer, a lot of lamellar bodies were seen among the tonofibrils in the cytoplasm, and just over this layer the small keratohyalins were revealed in the cytoplasm. On the parakeratotic layer the tonofibrils, vesicles, mitochondria and ribosomes were revealed. The changes due to vitamin A acid were more remarkable in 7th day's findings than in 2nd day's findings. In 7th day's findings, a lot of vesicles were in the cytoplasm of psoriatic epidermis and the contents of these vesicles were regarded as the mucoid substance.


Pachydermoperiostosis (PDP) is a rare hereditary syndrome manifesting clinically as pachydermia, digital clubbing, and radiologically as symmetrical periostitis of long bones. It is primary idiopathic form of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Enlargement of the paranasal sinuses is uncommonly seen in PDP. We report here our experience in a 20-year-old Indian male patient of a PDP with enlarged paranasal sinuses.


The new technology of computerized morphometric image analysis of platelets on blood smears was developed. In a basis of the device is included analysis of cytophotometric and morphometric parameters of platelets. Geometrical and optical parameters of platelets on 35 donors, platelet concentrates and 15 patients with haemorrhagic thrombocythaemia were investigated, average meanings for the area, diameter, its logarithms and optical density of platelets in norm were received. Distribution of the areas, diameters and optical densities of platelets of patients with haemorrhagic thrombocythaemia differed from those at the healthy people. After a course of treatment these meanings came nearer to normal. The important characteristics of platelets in platelet concentrates after three days of storage were in limits of normal meanings, but differed from those in whole blood platelets. Obtained data allow to enter the quantitative standards into investigation of platelets of the healthy people and at various alteration of thrombocytopoieses.


Laboratory examination of microbial contamination in 200 infertile layer hatching eggs (control) and 300 fertile dead germs (treat) on egg shells, inner and/or outer shell membrane and yolk. Percentage of microorganism on control egg shell in experimental period (0, 3, 6, 9, 14, 17 and 21 days) was 90, 75, 60, 10, 70, 70, 77.77 and 90. Microbial examination on treated shell was 85.71, 64.29, 80, 40, 73.33, 73.33, 73.33 and 80%. Sterile cotton swab on egg shell that move in zig-zag pattern across solid culture was the best method. Microorganism on control inner and/or outer shell membrane was 83.33, 16.66, 33.33, 50.00, 100.00, 83.33, 66.66 and 50.00% and treated membrane was 66.66, 22.22, 33.33, 44.44, 88.88, 77.77, 55.55 and 44.44%. Examination by use of sterile cotton swab on membrane in sterile saline solution (0.9%NaCl) was the best method. Microbial examination on control yolk was 41.66, 38.88, 50.00, 58.33, 58.33, 58.33, 83.33 and 83.33% and treated yolk was 38.88, 11.11, 38.88, 50.00, 61.11, 61.11, 77.77 and 83.33%. Use of yolk in diluent (0.9%NaCl) on dilution ration 1:10 was the proper method and same result as non-dilute-yolk sample.


Mrs. Dorsey Baynham is a professional writer who also assisted in the preparation of the NASSP book, Focus on Change—Guide to Better Schools. She was, until recently, employed by the National Education Association. These reports were derived from publications and statements submitted by the schools included in this summary. Invitations to the schools to submit reports were extended by members of the NASSP Committee on Staff Utilization. Mrs. Baynham has summarized and interpreted these reports. 1N SUGGESTING ideas for the pursuit of quality education, Images of the Future stated its general purpose thus: &dquo;... to stimulate imaginative research and developments aimed at improving organization and staffing in secondary schools.&dquo; Since publication of the booklet, which went into five printings, suggestions and recommendations put forth by the Commission on the Experimental Study of the Utilization of the Staff in the Secondary School have spread from high school to high school. Today various of the recommendations, or adaptations thereof, are followed in schools in virtually every state of the Union. They have become a fact of school life in American education. It would take a longer book than this issue of the NASSP BULLETIN fully to describe the &dquo;imaginative research and developments&dquo; characteristic of countless secondary schools today. A sampling of projects, therefore, has been made and is described in the following pages. The method of selection was simple, indeed. The projects are being conducted in resident, or adjacent, states of committee staff members and thus readily lend themselves


New data have accumulated on the identification, behavior and cellular properties of embryonic and tissue-specific stem cells over the last decade. The modes of stem cell division, asymmetric versus symmetric, are tightly regulated during development and regeneration. The proper choice of a stem cell to divide asymmetrically or symmetrically has great consequences for development and disease because inappropriate asymmetric division disrupts organ morphogenesis, whereas uncontrolled symmetric division induces tumorigenesis. Therefore, understanding the behavior of lung stem cells could identify innovative solutions for restoring normal morphogenesis and/or regeneration of different organs. In this concise review, we describe different types of lung stem/


In this paper, an implementation and efficacy of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) algorithm for watermarking of an images in Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) domain has been demonstrated. ELM is a regularization algorithm works based on the concept of generalized single-hidden-layer feed forward neural networks (SLFNs) with different activation functions likes rbf, sine, sigmoid and hardlim in hidden nodes in unified environment framework. In this learning method, the parameters of hidden nodes like the input weight and bias value of additive nodes are randomly selected based on input data samples. This algorithm developed for batch learning is extremely good and has better generalization performance. Except from selecting the number of hidden nodes, no other learning parameter is selected here manually. Detail performance and efficacy of this algorithm is tested on watermarking purpose on color images in Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) domain. The results show that watermarking scheme based on ELM is very robust and imperceptible and produces better generalization performance against common image processing attacks.


Brain electrical potentials evoked by visual stimulation were analyzed to study the neurophysiological mechanism associated with hypnotic hallucination. The visual evoked responses of 6 highand 6 low-hypnotizable subjects were compared in three hypnotic conditions: stimulus enhancement. stimulus diminution, and stimulus elimination (obstructive hallucination). High-hypnotizable individuals demonstrated significant suppression of the later components of the evoked response (N2 and Pl ) while experiencing obstructive hallucinations, indicating a change in information processing. This effect was significantly greater in the right. as compared to the left, occipital region.


e are living in an age of elevating patientdemands and increased awareness of self-aesthetics,particularly related to one's genitalia. It is our intent inputting together this very comprehensive issue of aes-thetic and functional genital and perineal surgery issuefor Seminars in Plastic Surgery to more critically andscientifically address many of the procedures that areperformed in this sensitive area of the body. The col-laborative experience of many varied surgical and non-surgical specialties was essential to provide the latest andmost comprehensive guide to surgery in the genital andperineal region.Each issue (female and male) will start with anintense review of the normal external and internalanatomy with associated reconstructive considerationsin their surgical management. This is then followed bycurrent state of the art aesthetic procedures commonlyperformed by many varied specialties and ways to man-age their complications. The diagnosis and managementof congenital and acquired pathology of the genitalia andperineum will finally be addressed, which will hopefullyserve to instruct and guide the reader into acceptingthese challenging problems in their normal practice.We would like to express our sincere and deepgratitude to the many national and international expertsin this challenging field who shared with us their vastexperience in the management of these very difficultproblems. This issue should serve as a very valuableresource for your resident or personal library for someyears to come.Christopher J. Salgado, M.D.


Management of the completely edentulous patients has been a herculean task for the prosthodontist. A large number of geriatric patients are unable to cope with the conventional complete denture treatment. A common complaint of loose, ill-fitting mandibular dentures is observed. Implant supported over-dentures is a convenient and a practical solution to the common problems faced by patients using conventional dentures. In this case report the patient is rehabilitated with two mandibular implants with locator attachments and a conventional complete denture in the maxilla.


Mitoviruses have been found in several forest pathogens (e.g. Cryphonectria parasitica, Gremmeniella abietina), and because they have been shown to reduce the virulence of host fungi there is a growing interest in studying their use as a biocontrol. This study was carried out to test the effect of temperature (5 oC, 15 oC, 25 oC and 35 oC), pH (4, 5, 7 and 9) and osmotic potential (-0.6, -1.2, -1.8 and -2.4 MPa) on the mycelial growth of seven G. abietina isolates under controlled laboratory conditions and to observe the effect of the presence of mitoviruses in the pathogenity of G. abietina isolates inoculated to Pinus halepensis seedlings. Four of the isolates hosted mitoviruses and three of them did not. During the in vitro experiment, mycelial growth was recorded every week for a period of 8 weeks. In the greenhouse experiment, once the seedlings started to show symptoms, disease severity was recorded during 5 weeks. At the end of the experiment, plants were carried to laboratory and necrosis length was measured in all of them. Results from in vitro experiment showed that the mitovirus-infected isolates presented larger mycelial growth than the mitovirus-free ones when at the fungi's optimal growing temperature of 15 oC. However, no differences in growth behavior were observed between mitovirus infected and non-infected isolates when placed under different pH modifications. When growing at certain osmotic potentials (-0.6 and -1.8 MPa) a reduction in growth of the mitovirus-infected isolates was observed. In the greenhouse experiment, larger necrosis lengths were observed in the plants inoculated with mitovirus infected isolates. The results of this experiment provide further insight into the effects of mitovirus on Gremmeniella abietina isolates.


A new method for regulating the consistency of the judgment matrix is presented. By calculating the deviation matrix of the original judgment matrix, a completely consistent judgment matrix is constructed by n -1 elements from the original judgment matrix that can most describe the information of the original judgment matrix and minimize the sum of deviation. The resulted judgment matrix is a weighted sum of the original judgment matrix and the completely consistent judgment matrix. An example is used to demonstrate the method.


Based on the documentation of the State Council basting we have made an approach to the dynamics and evolution of contraband carried out in the Caribbean to deepen the study of the networks that intervened in it. Networks that show the co-participation in several of them of the same agents, of the transnational extension of the same. Sometimes these networks in addition to a transnational participation become global networks, when merchants from Europe (Spanish, Dutch, English), and from the Philippines (via galleon) intervene.


This article aims to analyze the narratives at the moment of COVID-19 pandemic in the Brazilian scenario that directly affect health, education and the population in general. The problem that motivated the development of the text is based on the following question: how do the actions of the bolsonarista government in times of pandemic directly attack human life and produce readjustment of Brazilian education in the market logic? To carry out the research, we used the bibliographic research, the documental analysis and in the empirical field, we used the reports of the large media, due to the perspective of capturing, in real time, the discursive character of the talking subject, and to demonstrate that these reports can be used for the construction of knowledge, this one that is filtered and analyzed in the critical perspective. For the analyses, the theoretical foundations of the historical-dialectical materialism of Marx and Engels were used. It is concluded that the 1 Docente da Faculdade de Educação e Ciências Humanas do Campus Universitário do Marajó/Breves UFPA. Doutoranda em Educação pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação – PPGED/UFPA. Pesquisadora no grupo de pesquisa Alfabetização e pedagogia histórico-crítica da UFPA. ORCID iD: https://0000-0002-5324-0628 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


[Objective] To establish the comprehensive evaluation index system of public green area per capita as a quantitative mean of measuring ecological city and livable city. [Method]The GM (1, 1) forecasting model was set up according to statistics of public green area per capita in Xi'an City during 1996 and 2005, on this basis, the development trend of green area per capita in Xi'an City until 2015 were analyzed in case of no any changing factors or conditions. [Result]Grey forecasting model was established as, (t = 0, 1, …, n); model parameters as a = - 0.031 71, u = 4.139 17. After residual error test and posterior-variance-test, the precision of this model is proved fairly good. [Conclusions]According to this model, public green area per capita in Xi'an City will achieve 7.66 m2 by 2015, which is still far away from the livable city index (16 m2 per capita) and should be paid more attention by the local government, the construction of urban green areas should be further enhanced, more vegetations should be cultivated so as to improve the urban green coverage ratio.


The Deacon reaction (HCI + 1/4 O2 ⇋ 1/2 Cl2 + 1/2 H2O) was studied in a catalytic fluid bed reactor. Reaction rates found from measurements in differential and integral reactors were represented by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood type rate equation. Considering the effect of catalysts in the dilute phase, it was found that conversions in a fluid bed reactor can be calculated without any modifying parameters. It is pointed out that the wake fraction, which has been necessary to consider for fast reactions in a fluid bed reactor, is attributed to the dilute phase effect.


Introduction The Norse were the last non-Christian invaders of Britain and the first Europeans to reach the Americas. As the Rus, they established a trading empire in Eastern Europe from which Russia takes its name; and as the Varangians, they formed the personal bodyguard of the later Byzantine Emperors. Norse myths have long held a fascination for the British, and they have left their stamp on British literature, not just in our traditional stories but in our modern tales, too: J R R Tolkien, Alan Garner, David Gemmell, Philip Pullman and many others have designed fictional societies based on Nordic mythic structure. Further afield in the Nordic World, Wagner, Sibelius, Nielsen and Grieg have all used the myths of the Northlands as inspiration for their music; Nietzsche and Heidegger built philosophical positions based on the psychology of the Nordic mythic hero; and darker forces, such as Himmler's Schutzstaffeln (SS), used Norse mythology both as inspiration and as justification for their inhumanities. Nordic myths and stories have had a significant effect on the psyche of Northern Europeans; but are these myths a limited, local phenomenon with no general human significance, or do they provide evidence of a larger – possibly global – mythic structure?


Abstract . We studied the eclipsing ultraluminous X-ray source CG X-1 in the Circinus galaxy, re-examining two decades of Chandra and XMM-Newton observations. The short binary period (7.21 hr) and high luminosity (LX ≈ 1040 erg s-1) suggest a Wolf-Rayet donor, close to filling its Roche lobe; this is the most luminous Wolf-Rayet X-ray binary known to-date, and a potential progenitor of a gravitational-wave merger. We phase-connect all observations, and show an intriguing dipping pattern in the X-ray lightcurve, variable from orbit to orbit. We interpret the dips as partial occultation of the X-ray emitting region by fast-moving clumps of Compton-thick gas. We suggest that the occulting clouds are fragments of the dense shell swept-up by a bow shock ahead of the compact object, as it orbits in the wind of the more massive donor.


The landing pose of flying target is an important index to assess system performance of flying target. In order to measure the landing pose,the binocular vision DV recorder has been set up near the landing area to detect the landing pose of flying target by high-speed photograph intersection measuring system. According to the characteristics of imaging of objects,objects are classified and different methods were proposed. Experiments and theoretical analysis prove that the pose measurement method is correct and reliable. The measuring error of pose angle of big targets and transition targets are less than 1°. A new and reliable approach to measure the pose of flying target is provided.


Petroleum coke condition experiments were made to determine the ratio of the clay mineral, petroleum coke, the production of paper pulp as 10 ∶ 1 ∶ 4. According to this proportion,cylindrical samples were made to take roasting experiments with coke for comparing their combustion value and compressive properties. On this condition, roasting experiments for petroleum coke have gotten the grade of nickel to 5%, recovery rate of nickel to above 90%, and thus, it is determined that the petroleum coke can be used replacing coke in blast furnace for smelting laterite ore in a certain extent.


This is an essay in structural analysis: an examination of the rules governing prescription and permitting choice in the initiation of marriage in West Bengal villages. Four structural features emerge as significant in the Bengal variant of marriage in India: arranged marriage, kin-group exogamy/endogamy, intensification of ties, and extension of ties. These features (variously modified) appear to characterize marriage in other parts of India, and it is suggested here that the approach utilized for Bengal may provide greater insight for the study of Indian marriage patterns than the more traditional dichotomy: North India characterized by village exogamy, South India characterized by preferential close-kin marriage.


Composition in the Age of Austerity takes stock of the current state of composition studies and deftly identifies how neoliberal political economies shape programs, inform writing instruction, and change pedagogical commitments. With an implied understanding that austerity is not likely to pass soon, this book offers more than a critique of current circumstances; it offers possibilities for resistance and alternative trajectories for the future of composition in a neoliberal era. The collection is situated within a broader trend of scholarship that includes The University in Ruins (Readings 1996), Academic Capitalism and the New Economy (Slaughter and Rhodes 2004), and The Unmaking of the Public University (Newfield 2008). However, as editors Nancy Welch and Tony Scott write in the introduction, austerity is "nothing new to this field" (5). They recognize that the challenges of the corporate university have been present in composition and have been part of its scholarship for some time. This book serves as an introduction to this area of scholarship and advances critiques that "create space and impetus" (6) for confronting the forces of austerity. As such, the collection will be useful for scholars and teachers whose


Mortgage debt and concomitant forms of financial expropriation continue their largely uncontested expansion across the social terrain. The atomisation of debtors and commodity fetishism are two key factors that underpin this process. The collective and partially de-commodified character of mutual-aid housing cooperatives in Uruguay and their conflict-ridden mortgage debt relations provide a contrasting, reverse mirror image. This paper analyses how in the case of a collective debtor, the spatial fixity and temporal uncertainties that result from the establishment of mortgage debt relations can work against the creditor. Housing cooperatives make up a geography of spaces that are opaque to the creditor, in the sense that mortgage debtors cannot be individually identified and pursued. Once homes are constructed and inhabited, the creditor's debt claims can be collectively challenged. In the context of the most recent mortgage payment strike (2001–2011) carried out by the Uruguayan Federation of Mutual-Aid Housing Cooperatives, what is presumed a voluntary contract between equal parties is revealed as a power struggle between owners and non-owners of capital. This atypical case provides an opportunity to empirically attest to the political nature of creditor–debtor relations, often rendered socially invisible due to the extreme power imbalance between counterparties.


Cytoplasmic dynein is a molecular motor that drives cargoes, including whole organelles such as mitochondria, from the periphery of the cell to the perinuclear region by using microtubules as railroad tracks. In Neurons, Dynein is involved in retrograde axonal transport, which is a process required for neurons survival. Alterations in axonal transport, in both anterograde and retrograde axonal transport, were found in neurodegenerative diseases. This thesis work aims at showing that an axonal transport alteration is not sufficient to induce motor neuron disease (Dupuis, 2009), but sufficient to provoke a striatal dysfunction (Braunstein, 2010). Besides this neuronal aspect, dynein seems to be involved in lipids metabolism since dynein mutant mice present also a metabolic phenotype. Indeed, they showed an increase of fat mass in correlation with age due to a defective lipolysis associated with an increase oxidative stress (Eschbach, 2011). In parallel, we observed that dynein is required for the mitochondrial functions (manuscript ongoing). Finally, we determined the mechanisms of protective effect of dynein mutation in ALS mice (Fergani, 2011). In conclusion, this thesis work aims at showing that an axonal transport alteration is not sufficient to induce motor neuron disease, but sufficient to provoke a striatal dysfunction. Concerning the white adipose tissue, dynein seems to be involved in the lipolysis process. In addition, our results suggest that dynein is required for the mitochondrial function. Our current hypothesis is that this mitochondrial dysfunction could provoke the observed phenotype in both striatum and adipose tissue.


During selective attention, visual stimuli compete for processing capacity. Increased activation is found in extrastriate regions that represent the attended stimulus. However, little research has been done looking at activation in extrastriate regions when attention is shifted between stimulus features. To address this, participants completed a switching task during fMRI scanning. They attended to the colour or motion of bivalent stimuli on different trials. It was hypothesized that attentional modulation would be seen in colour area V4 and motion area V5 and that this modulation would help explain switch costs, a term used to describe why we are slower and more error prone on switch trials. Attentional modulation was found in V4, with greater activity when colour was attended. No modulation was observed in V5. The level of competition between these regions did not differ across switch and repeat trials, suggesting that such competition does not explain switch costs. iv Dedication To my husband, for his endless support and encouragement v Acknowledgments


The work of the French mission under Ghirshman, at Tepe Sialk near Kashan, on the Iranian plateau, has now given us a picture of the use of copper from the earliest times up to 3000 B.C., when the copper industry became firmly established. The present paper is an attempt to trace the development of the metallurgy of prehistoric copper in the light of the new evidence which is now available.


In this paper, we propose a framework which can share states of the nodes and spread churn information to neighbor nodes among different overlay networks. Using our framework, we achieve maintaining each overlay network effectively and improve the reachability of messages under churn. We evaluate our framework with Chord, Kademlia, and Pastry. Our framework improves by approximately 30% in the detection speed of churn and decreases the stabilization messages by approximately 30-40%. We discuss the relationship between improvement of detection time and the reachability of messages.


In 2000, the first change of ruling party also appeared divided government (or divided government, minority government). Formed by the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) minority government can be described as Taiwan's political and economic development is facing severe challenges. Although the DPP won the presidential election with a relative majority, but only on the ballot paper was 39.3%, when the basis of public opinion "not a majority", the election shall be guilty of the disadvantaged. Moreover, the DPP did not have the majority of seats in the case of the Legislative Yuan, Chen Shui-bian still insisted on a minority government, and entirely political party platform and the individual will guide policy, and the subjective will in consultation with the opposition parties do not intentionally ignore the majority of public opinion, etc. led the party to lead the budget, policy review of the bill, but also difficult, such as "labor hours per week case (referred to as the working hours law)" that is the best such cards. So is a sop to the then opposition Kuomintang-led legislative, policy-led mode of operation to prove that the Democratic Progressive Party formed a minority government decision-making have lost their functions, to form an "opposition party decision-making, the implementation of the ruling party" situation. China's semi-presidential system, under the "minority government" continues to exist? Over the past eight years, the central ruling Democratic Progressive Party has proved that in the existing constitutional system and the blue-green confrontation circumstances, a minority government is no room for maneuver. Under the semi-presidential system, the reason why the root cause of political instability is the president and Congress often fight for control of the government, resulting in a confrontation of conflict, the political deadlock, and can not implement the responsibility of the political.


This paper critically examines agricultural tractor collection values as a financial investment for the future, or hobby for the present, it includes the make and model of tractor giving the best return on investment. Processed data proves a collection of vintage and classic tractors is a viable investment strategy, with rates of return reaching 7% and above. This demonstrates that a classic tractor investment has higher rates of return than other methods; including savings accounts, and is potentially less risky than stocks or shares. Tractors are at their lowest value when they are around 20 years old, the best age to invest; as they age further their value begins to appreciate, original and rare examples demanding higher values as these are seen to be more collectable. The majority of collectors have an industry related background, and do not collect these tractors solely for investment purposes; in fact most are collected as a hobby; contrary to the prediction at the start of this investigation. This research found for 30% of collectors it is just a hobby, whereas 20% collected as an investment and 50% combined both hobby and investment; however, collecting is not always merely a hobby; it can develop into an addiction, where the collector no longer just wants to collect tractors but has an uncontrollable need to collect them, completely changing the purpose of the collection from being an investment to being a psychological need. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that a number of those who collect classical and vintage tractors, as an investment, become too attached to their collections to sell them, meaning the collections can be passed down through families.


This chapter proposes and demonstrates an approach that the author calls "exhibition anthropology," explaining why it is needed and explicating its potential uses by a series of case studies. It treats the art museum as an institution that is permeated by rules and regulations. These are not necessarily automatically respected by all museum-goers. Indeed, many of them engage themselves in acts of trial and error to find out what is allowed and what is not. Of course, there are also those who transgress the rules because of negligence or ignorance. The museum is a place where complex negotiations take place between the institution and its visitors. The task of the exhibition archaeologist is to observe such processes and to come up with theoretical explanations about their underpinnings. The exhibition archaeologist may occasionally need to engage in actions like those of the visitors he or she observes in order to make visible the invisible rules, barriers, and codes of the museum.

Keywords:

exhibition anthropology;
interactivity;
media studies;
mobile media and exhibitions;
tactile communication


Large amounts of agriculture waste generated, like animal manure, have caused major environmental problems throughout the world. Following the 2020-20 objectives set by the European Union, and under the scope of the cooperation programme Galp 20-20-20 the work was aimed at finding energy cost reduction solutions for the intensive swine livestock farm Herdade do Gamoal, by increasing the energy efficiency and reducing the environmental footprint. Energy inefficiencies, attitudes and consumptions are identified through an energy audit, from which several solutions are suggested and evaluated, namely: adjustments to the water pump's operational periods; replacement and maintenance to lightning and ventilation systems; a biogas plant; a photovoltaic plant for self-consumption; a biogas upgrading plant and implementation of a "green farm" attitude. The work covers the use of financial assessments to the proposed solutions, with focus on cash flow evolutions, payback periods and environmental advantages. The complete set of solutions studied provides significant room for cost reduction, energy saving, efficiency growth and emissions reduction. Upgrading biogas to BioM revealed to be the solution in this study with the greatest impact on cost reduction and energy re-purposing.


The scientific forecast of labor longevity is the actual administrative decision not only in the field of individual preventive maintenance of illnesses of able-bodied population and preservation of health of a labor. Application of the developed computer algorithm will bring corrective amendments in attitudes (relations) of the employer and the worker, and will warn economic damages caused by illnesses of working people.


The asymmetric stretching vibration ν3 of methane has been excited by a chopped He–Ne laser. The phase shift of infrared emission from the asymmetric stretch and from the infrared‐active bend ν4 has been measured as a function of chopping frequency and gas pressure. Vibrational relaxation times have been found for the removal of energy from the asymmetric stretch (pτ = 7.0 ± 1 nsec·atm), for the appearance of this energy in the ν4 bend (pτ = 5 + 3, −2 nsec·atm), and for the relaxation of vibrational energy into translational and rotational energy (pτ = 1.90 ± 0.10 μsec·atm). The mechanism and rates of V → V energy transfer are compared to calculations for a repulsive intermolecular potential. The general applicability of the laser‐excited vibrational fluorescence method and the interpretation of phase‐shift data are discussed.


The NERD force field (Nath, S. K.; Escobedo, F. A.; de Pablo, J. J. J. Chem. Phys. 1998, 108, 9905) is extended to include parameters for modeling primary alcohols. Gibbs ensemble simulations are performed for the pure component vapor−liquid equilibria of the homologous series of alcohols from ethanol to 1-octanol. Our results show that the simulated values of the saturated liquid densities and critical constants of the alcohols are within a few percent of the corresponding experimental data. In addition, the simulated pressure composition diagram for a binary mixture of heptane and 1-pentanol also shows satisfactory agreement with the experimental data.


Abstract: Despite a poor toxicity profile, zidovudine supersedes abacavir (ABC) as an alternative first-line agent in most international treatment guidelines because of concerns about HLA-B*57:01-related ABC-hypersensitivity. We detected one case of HLA-B*57:01 carriage among 513 HIV-infected individuals in Uganda, which, in combination with previous reports, supports the safety of ABC in the region.


This policy brief examines the currently discussed proposals at the WTO that aim to resolve the problem of the production shortages of COVID-19 vaccines. This includes the two key submissions, i.e. the proposal by South Africa and India on the IP waiver, partially supported by the US, and the EU proposal to clarify the use of compulsory licensing. While each of these mechanisms may help to improve the production of COVID-19 vaccines to various degrees, there is intense debate about which of these proposals is the most effective. This policy brief outlines the strengths and weaknesses of each of them with a view to informing the policy decisions by WTO members on the best way to promptly accelerate the vaccine production that is urgently needed today. It concludes that the proposed IP waiver is a more effective solution for addressing the current emergency.


The invention discloses a remanence-calibration-based autonomous navigation method of magnetic survey and starlight backup. The autonomous navigation method comprises the steps of: 1. correcting the navigation state estimation error of a satellite-borne SINS (Ship's Inertial Navigation System) by utilizing joint survey information of a magnetometer and a star sensor to obtain an optimal estimated value of an orbit parameter; 2. estimating remanent field calibration of an in-orbit spacecraft; 3. when a GPS (Global Positioning System) signal is normal, starting an autonomous navigation scheme based on remanence calibration; and 4. when the GPS signal is interfered or interrupted, starting an autonomous navigation scheme based on the magnetic survey and the starlight backup. The autonomous navigation method is not affected by a large-angle attitude maneuver of a mobile platform, and can still achieve the autonomous navigation when the GPS signal is interfered, so that the reliability of the autonomous operation of the mobile platform is improved.


Treatment decision of displaced proximal humeral fractures is based on bone quality, fracture pattern, degree of displacement and patient profile. The AO/ASIF fracture classification helps in guiding treatment. Nonsurgical treatment consists of sling immobilisation. Surgical options include closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, open reduction and internal fixation with either conventional or locking plate and hemiarthroplasty. Planning should be done on an individual basis depending on patient and fracture characteristics.


Ultrafiltration of proteins and other compressible material is characterized by a significant transmembrane pressure and is often limited by the formation of a fouling layer. This study examines the compressive rheology of such fouling layers. A model is proposed that can be used to predict the performance of filtration processes where there is significant pressure drop across the clean membrane and the filtration rate is limited by fouling during the filtration cycle. The information required for the model can in principle be obtained from simple centrifuge tests and the clean membrane pressure drop. The model can be used to optimize the cycle times, pressures, and other operating parameters of the ultrafiltration process. The model was tested on the ultrafiltration of whey protein concentrate and shown to describe the experimental data. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 1431–1437, 2004


An Ergonomics Analysis of Redundancy Effect in Touch Screen Design for the Aged Population Sarah C. Riesenberg Touch screen technology is rapidly increasing, and at the same time there is a shifting, aging population. As the percentage of the population over the age of 65 increases, adults of the age group are adopting smartphones and tablets more now than ever before. Although older adults are adopting touch screen devices, they face many challenges when interacting with said devices, such as not knowing how to navigate between pages, not knowing where to click for an action to occur, and the touch screen interface is often too sensitive or the buttons are not big enough. Furthermore, the challenges of aging, specifically sensory and cognitive decline resulting from aging affect comprehension and spacial processing, which are critical when navigating through an interface. The purpose of this thesis was to better understand redundancy effect applied to females and males between the ages of 65 and 84. There were two tasks of different lengths, and for each task there were two designs. The first design included text only buttons, and the second included symbol + text buttons, the latter being the redundant interface. Quantitative results yielded no significant results for time for either task. Qualitative results included ratings for ease of navigation, general satisfaction, overall understanding, and button design preference. Preferences between text only buttons were statistically significant; for the task of online grocery shopping and booking a cruise, females prefer text only buttons and males prefer symbol + text buttons (p = 0.0068 and p = 0.0024). Although button design had no significance in completing a task, significant


Inhibition of cellulolytic activity by small quantities of two common ingredients of synthetic growth media, DL-asparagine and yeast extract, is demonstrated in a cellulose-agar medium. A modified medium is proposed which gives improved results when used for the detection of cellulase production.


To determine whether there is an association between the geographic location of an applicant's undergraduate school, medical school, and residency program among matched otolaryngology residency applicants.


India is surrounded by seas and ocean on its three sides there is enough commercial potentiality for trading in fish and other aquatic animals. Fish statistics is subject to certain peculiar situations that stand in the way of accuracy of statistics of fish production. The fishing crafts are varied and changing. Statistical investigations of available marine fish production statistics for some economically important fish species has been undertaken using appropriate statistical methodology. There is no satisfactory system of obtaining information on fish production and its related observations. It required committed managerial effectiveness. Collection and investigation of statistics of fish production is as important as that for cereals and animal products. For cereals and animal products collection, investigation, experimentation and reporting using statistical methodology are well-organized throughout the country and the methodology is more or less standardized as relatively more importance is being given to these sectors since long. Though statistics of fish catch is being collected in different parts of the country for a number of years. Coverage area and reporting procedures in this sector need much more improvements. Statistics of marine fish production is generally collected species-wise, landing centre wise and season-wise from landing sites. Such data are then cumulated to district level data for reporting fish- production species-wise and season-wise. Information on variation of species-wise catches in different years, districts, seasons and their interactions are necessary for proper organization and improvement in fish trading. Such information has to be extracted through appropriate statistical investigation of available catch data. Due to high variation in prices and catch-magnitudes over the species of fish, it is necessary to make such studies specie's-wise (Annon, 1995, 1994-2002; Bal and Rao, 1990; Bsnnji, 1969 and Bapat andAlwani, 1973.).


On the basis of Lacan's proposals in his Transference seminar, the article examines a particular type of mourning, the mourning of the analyst, which reveals the incapacity of any object of love to fulfill desire. It also examines why, as a logical consequence of mentioned mourning, Lacan suggests that the identification with the symptom constitutes the end of the analysis. Thus, through Freudian references, it is possible to say that some kind of identification takes place in all type of mourning, not only in its process, but also in its end.


Structural joins are important for XML queries, but suffer from producing large, unused intermediate result sets. Holistic twig joins claim to solve this problem, but previously proposed algorithms fail to support XML queries involving all the three types of logical operations predicates: AND, OR, and NOT, which are however highly desired (such queries are referred to as All-twigs). Currently, there is no holistic twig join algorithm designed for All-twigs. In this paper, we first propose to normalize All-twigs to harness their complexity and then present a holistic join framework based on normalized All-twigs.


Within the limits of performance of a job schedule of the contract №1 06 About scientific and technical and pedagogical cooperation of OrelGTU and SamGUPS for 2006 2010 representatives of schools of thought of universities spend ordering to the uniform block of results of in common executed modelling researches in the field of dynamics of the with great dispatch chopping off executive mechanisms used as for crushing of firm breeds, and elimination arching in bunkers of storage and release of loose materials in capacities of mobile vehicles.


Abstract The article assumes that in the beginning of development of a newly independent state the rationale of language legislation is closely related to nation-state building. Later, depending on minority-majority relations, ethnic containment may become more important. As democratization and globalization advance, the management of linguistic diversity might emerge as a principal issue. The article tests this general assumption on the language legislation of the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in 1989–2001. It appears that while nation building, nation-state building and ethnic containment can be easily identified, the management of language diversity is not yet prominent in this legislation.


Objective To observe clinical appearance of placenta previa and its methods of delivery and treatment.Methods Adopt expectant and comprehensive treatment.Results 24 cases of 36 have elongated their pregnant period for 60 days and no death of pregnant woman and fetus were observed.Conclusion To adopt expectant and comprehensive treatment is key to treatment of placenta previa.


This paper presents recent experiences from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Robotics Crosscutting Program in the deployment of remote systems for use in deactivation and decommissioning (D&D) projects at various DOE facilities. Through discussion of these experiences in this paper, the authors attempt to illustrate the issues encountered during these deployments and the current level of acceptance of these technologies within the DOE complex. Such experiences provide a better understanding of the perception of the role of remote system technology in D&D and provide lessons learned in the area of technology insertion into current D&D field practice within DOE.


The human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic retrovirus whose transmission relies primarily on cell-to-cell contacts as cell-free viruses are poorly infectious. Among the intercellular transmission routes described, HTLV-1 biofilms are adhesive structures polarized at the cell surface that confine virions in a protective environment, which is believed to promote their simultaneous delivery during infection. Here, we show that several tetraspanins are enriched in HTLV-1 biofilms and incorporated into the viral envelope. However, we report that only tetraspanin CD82 interacts with HTLV-1 Gag which initiates its polarization into viral biofilms. Also, we demonstrate that CD82 maintains HTLV-1 biofilm polarization and favors viral transmission, as its silencing induces a complete reorganization of viral clusters at the cell surface and reduces the ability of infected T-cells to transmit the virus. Our results highlight the crucial role of CD82 in the architectural organization of HTLV-1 biofilms and their transfer through intercellular contacts.


This paper employs a model based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to design a CMOS Inverter and Chain of Inverters and determine how accurately the ANN based designs are able to model the complex, non-linear problem of circuit design. ANN is designed to predict the performance parameters of a CMOS Inverter and chain of inverters for a given process technology. A function fitting ANN with Bayesian Backpropagation Regularization as the training algorithm was designed with three hidden layers of sizes 20, 10, 8 respectively. Test performances of 99% were obtained in the various studies performed. These results show that ANNs have a high accuracy and are able to adapt as the complexity of the circuit increases.


Mission planners for aircraft operating under threat of detection by ground-based radar systems are concerned with the probability of detection. Current path planning methods for such scenarios consider the aircraft pose, radar position, and radar parameters to be deterministic and known. This paper presents a framework for incorporating uncertainty in these quantities into a radar detection model that is used by a path planner. The developed path planner evaluates the radar detection risk in the presence of uncertainties and uses linear covariance analysis to efficiently generate error budgets. The error budgets identify the contribution of each source of uncertainty (e.g., sensor measurement noise, radar position uncertainty) to the overall variability in the probability of detection. The framework is applied to a modified visibility graph path planner that uses the detection risk and its variability to calculate path adjustments, which maintain the detection risk below a specified threshold. The results show that the framework is effective at providing actionable information to the mission planner that improves the final planned path and reduces the detection risk.


Purpose To characterize the cornea of individuals with Thygeson's superficial punctate keratitis (TSPK) at the cellular level by laser confocal biomicroscopy. Methods Both corneas of three patients with TSPK referred to Yamaguchi University Hospital were imaged with a laser confocal biomicroscope. Morphological changes were evaluated for each layer of the cornea. Results The number of Langerhans cells was greatly increased in the basal cell layer of the focal corneal epithelium and in Bowman's layer in the four eyes affected by TSPK. Aggregates of these cells were associated with the subepithelial nerve plexus. Langerhans cells were also evident in the unaffected eyes of the two patients with unilateral TSPK, although their numbers were much smaller than those in the affected eyes. Topical treatment with betamethasone phosphate resulted in the virtual disappearance of Langerhans cells from the affected eyes. Conclusion The prominent association of Langerhans cells with TSPK suggests that the activation of these cells by inflammatory conditions might contribute to the pathogenesis of this disorder.


Estimation of cladode area in Opuntia spp. can be a valuable tool for estimating plant growth, development and productivity for either physiological studies or commercial purposes. The objective was to develop an easy, non destructive and inexpensive protocol to estimate the area of cladodes at different stages of development in four varieties of Opuntia ficus–indica. The study was carried out by tagging 300 buds of "Atlixco" and "Copena F–1" varieties and 180 of "Milpa Alta". Further, not tagged buds of "Jalpa" variety were sampled only once. Sampling of buds in "Atlixco" and "Copena F–1" was done at 10, 17 and 23 days after sprout (DAS), whereas for "Milpa Alta" the sampling was done only at 10 DAS. In the "Jalpa" variety, sampling was done randomly. The determination of the real cladode area (RCA) was carried out by computer analysis of the digitalized cladodes circumference drawn on a paper sheet and the estimated cladode area (ECA) was done by measuring the minor and major axes, and using the formula of the ellipse. It was found that cladodes of "Copena F–1" showed a higher growth from 10 to 17 DAS than from 17 to 23 DAS. In contrast, "Atlixco" showed a constant growth from 10 to 23 DAS. Regression analysis did not allow concluding whether the cladodes growth phenomena follows a straight or exponential behavior. Scatter plots of RCA and ECA recorded a coefficient of determination of 0.94 and 0.96 for "Atlixco" and "Copena F–1" varieties, respectively. However, statistical analysis found differences (p<0.05) between the RCA and ECA. It was concluded that the area estimated in "Atlixco", "Copena F–1", "Milpa Alta" and "Jalpa" varieties with the ellipse mathematical formula is very close to the real cladode area, although not completely accurate.


Abstract The duty of applying recorders in the road transport was implemented in states of the European Union on regulations (EWG) no. 3820 / 85 on harmonizations of some social welfare legislation referring to the transport, which was changing with regulation (EWG) no. 3821/85 on recorders applied in the road transport. The duty of implementation of the digital tachograph is also considered in the context of improving road safety. Through the analysis of the records of the registering devices can be defined in each specific case of speeding by more than the allowable value in the area. Technical requirements for your device recorded in the resolution, which defines the main parameters, are measured, among things other, the traversed path length of the car, speed, time driving, other periods of work, politeness of the driver and the correct operation of the check authorized for those authorities. At present led Regulation (EU) No 165/2014 of European Parliament establishing requirements concerning structure, checking, installation, use and repairs of tachographs and their building blocks is implementing the second generation of the digital tachographs connected with the device GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System). Organizing the early detection from a distance is showing data officers from the digital tachograph and information concerning mass and mass falling on the wasp of the entire team of vehicles. Experience in work, economic pressures and competition in transport has led the drivers through a transport company in the event noncompliance, and in particular, in relation to the driving time and breaks. This article contains responsibilities after part rest on the drivers of vehicles takes the issues of system security and optimum performance of recording devices.


Radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting is a technique which attempts to extract a unique identifier from wireless signal transmissions in order to perform automated device identification by exploiting variations in the transmitted signal caused by hardware and manufacturing inconsistencies. The problem of signaling storms caused by increased core network signaling load due to idle mode cell camping on femtocells is addressed and a novel approach to RF fingerprinting is proposed as a solution to tackle this problem by identifying device model types. This study describes a large data set containing 54 Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) user equipment (UE) devices (41 model types), the largest of its kind reported in the literature. This study also presents a novel feature extraction technique, which greatly improves identification accuracy over standard spectral approaches while limiting the number of random access channel (RACH) preambles required for identification. Accuracy of 99.8 percent was achieved. Importantly, the proposed technique can be implemented using today's low cost high-volume receivers and requires no manual performance tuning.


Objective To observe expression of laminin in the basement membrane of superficial and glandular epithlium of endomtrium of mouse with early pregnancy.Method In this study,immunohistochemical technique ABC method was used.Results Exprssion of laminin in basement membrance of superficiel and glandular epithelium of endometrium increased gradually from first to third day of pregnancy.In the first day it was similar to control group and in the third day ran to strongest positivity.The expression of laminin turned to faintly positive or quite negative in the fourth day,and then gradually strenghtened again in the fifth and sixth day of pregnancy.The expression of laminin on mesometrial side was similar to that on opposite side in the early pregnancy.Conclusion The laminin plays an important role in promoting proliferation and migration of superficial and glandular epithelium of endometrium,and in promoting the formation of implant cave and implantation of blastocyst of mouse in the early pregnancy period.


The present paper contains an analysis of leasing. It is demonstrated that leasing represents a particular case of capital. Different mechanisms of payment for outsourcing services are described.


s of Papers Presented at the Inaugural Meeting of the New Zealand Section (Non-divisional)' Compiled by T. G. LUDWIG, Secretary, New Zealand Section 1. FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE ETIOLOGY OF DRY SOCKET.-H. N. Aitken, Dunedin, New Zealand. A series of experiments with blood and saliva suggest that dry socket may be caused by the saliva entering the tooth socket after exodontia and mixing with the blood before the blood clot forms. The saliva has activators and proactivators of plasminogen present, and these activators, and proactivators after being changed into activators by lysokinases, form plasmin when they act upon the plasminogen of the blood. The plasmin so formed causes fibrinolysis of the blood clot in the tooth socket. The experimental evidence to support this suggestion is that fibrinolysis occurs in 24 hours when blood is added to saliva or to a cell-free filtrate of saliva in test tubes kept at 370 C. It does not occur when the activators and proactivators of plasminogen in the saliva are destroyed by heat before the blood is added; when the saliva is added to the surface of the blood in a test tube; or when saliva is added to any part within the blood clot after the blood clot has formed in the test tube. 2. DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD OF SAMPLING AN ADULT POPULATION FOR SURVEYS OF DENTAL TREATMENT NEEDS.-D. J. Beck, Division of Dental Health, New Zealand Department of Health. In the present survey of the dental status and treatment needs of the New Zealand population aged fifteen to twenty-one years, the subjects represent an intermediate group between school age (where sampling poses few problems) and adult (where sampling is very difficult). The sampling technique developed here is applicable with slight modification to many adult populations. On the basis of census figures, the fifteento twenty-oneyear-old population was categorized into (a) private employment; (b) self-employed; (c) employees of government departments, etc.; (d) members of the armed forces; (e) educational [subdivided into (I) high school, (II) university, (III) teacher training college, (IV) student nurse, (V) other]; (f) farming; (g) domestic (i.e., housewives and unemployed). The ratio of the total population in each category was then applied to the total survey sample of 2,000 in order to derive the number of representatives of each category that should appear in the sample. Different sample frames were used for each category. In the largest category, "private employment," 140 firms (factories, offices, stores, etc.) were chosen by a randomizing process from a virtually complete listing of all firms in New Zealand. The fifteento twenty-one-year-old staff of these firms was completely enumerated, within the limitations of the subject response level, which in nearly all cases approached 100 per cent. Examinations were conducted in a mobile dental operatory at the places of business. Similar sampling techniques were used for each of the other categories, although different circumstances in each category dictated modifications in the system used for each. 3. GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF CARIES IN NEW ZEALAND IN RELATION TO SOILS.P. B. Cadell, Dental Research Unit, New Zealand Medical Research Council. A dental survey * The Inaugural Meeting of the New Zealand Section was held at the Training School for Dental Nurses, Christchurch, July 20, 1963. Twenty-three members and guests attended.


This study focuses on the silty clay of the Yellow River Delta, conducting laboratory experiments to explore the strength characteristics of typical silty clay in the Yellow River Delta. The study utilizes CPTu calibration chamber tests to systematically reveal the features of cone tip resistance (qt), side friction resistance (fs), and pore water pressure (u2) of the silty clay. This research provides a theoretical basis for Delta investigation in the Yellow River region. The study compares the applicability of existing CPTu inversion methods and highlights the NTH method's advantages in evaluating silty clay's effective internal friction angle. Supported by indoor calibration chamber tests, the study confirms the reliability of the NTH method in estimating the effective internal friction angle under normally consolidated conditions while also identifying its limitations. These research findings offer data support for the in situ rapid and accurate estimation of design parameters, like the internal friction angle and undrained shear strength of the silty clay in the Yellow River Delta. Moreover, they provide insights for obtaining other crucial in situ data.


Abstract : This report documents an analytical prediction of some of the characteristics which presently undiscovered faster-than-light sub-atomic particles (called tachyons) must possess if they are to exist without violating the Theory of Special Relatively. A brief review of necessary concepts from the Special Theory is included so that the reader might more readily understand the reasoning as it is developed. Necessary, but not all, characteristics of tachyons are then identified and presented. Finally, an interesting potential relationship between tachyons and anti-gravity is discussed. (Author)


The lateral movement of three-dimensional (3-D) cellular flames is numerically studied. The numerical model includes compressibility, viscosity, heat conduction, molecular diffusion, chemical reaction, and convection. We superimpose hexagonal disturbances on the plane flames and calculate the evolution of disturbed flames. When the Lewis number is unity, i. e., only the hydrodynamic effect has an influence on the flame instability, stationary cellular flames are formed. When the Lewis number is smaller than unity, i. e., the diffusive-thermal and hydrodynamic effects have an influence, laterally moving cellular flames are obtained. The lateral movement of cellular flames is due to the diffusive-thermal effect. The laterally moving velocity of cells in 3-D flames is larger than that in two-dimensional (2-D) flames. Because, the increase of local temperature at the convex surface in 3-D flames is great compared with that in 2-D flames.


In an advice giving environment, when advice is requested, connicts are not only beneecial but also necessary and welcomed, as they raise questions and help the advisee to make a better choice. In cases in which advice is volunteered , however, making suggestions which connict with the advisee's views may not be accepted with the same benevolence. A good advisor should, therefore, not only provide information and justiications for his or her piece of advice, but also defend it, possibly by using argumentative techniques such as dialectic and rhetoric. In this paper it is shown how a theory of argumentation can help identifying the knowledge necessary to implement this kind of argumentative ability. A system is introduced, Daphne, whose aim is to give advice in the nutrition education domain.


Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L). Millsp.) is an important grain legume crop of rainfed agriculture in the tropical and sub-tropical areas. In India, the area and production of this crop is fluctuating but its mean productivity has been stagnant between 600-750 kg ha-1 since from four decades which is regarded as low by all standards. Due to the low productivity of this crop, the country faces serious pulse crises which forced country to be depending on import of pulses. The discovery of cytoplasmic genetics male-sterility (CGMS) system in pigeonpea provides an opportunity of achieving the long-cherished goal of breaking the yield barrier in this crop. In CGMS-based hybrid technology, instability of male sterility and fertility restoration are the prime cause behind instable yield performance of hybrids over the wide range of environments which makes better hybrids adaptive to only a specific location. Therefore the present study was carried out to investigate stability of male sterility in nine CMS lines under three dates of sowing and fertility restoration in 10 CMS based pigeonpea hybrids under three different locations. Significant variability existed for pollen fertility among hybrids and sterility in CMS lines. All the hybrids except ICPH 3494 and ICPH 3491 exhibited high (>80 %) pollen fertility across the locations. Hybrids ICPH 2671, ICPH 2740 and ICPH 3933 had 100 % male fertile plants across the locations. All the CMS lines had complete male sterile plants across the dates of sowing. CMS lines BRG1 A, Hy3C A, BRG3 A and TTB7 A exhibited 100 % pollen sterility in different dates of sowing. The pooled analysis revealed significant genotype × environmental interaction for pollen fertility and sterility. The GGE biplot of hybrids showed that hybrids ICPH 2671, 2740, 3933 and 3461 were stable for fertility restoration. With an exception of ICPA 2047 and ICPA 2051, all the CMS lines were highly stable with high mean performance and least vector length from AEA. It was concluded that there was no effect of different dates of sowing and temperature on expression of male sterility of these CMS lines.


Abstract The Cenomanian Doe Creek Member of the Kaskapau Formation in northwestern Alberta is the only Cretaceous unit from which oil is presently being produced on the Peace River Arch. In the Valhalla Field, the Doe Creek Member forms an interval of up to five stacked sandstone bodies, 0.5 to 7 m thick, three of which produce hydrocarbons. The sandstones are encased in shale and are oriented northeast-southwest, subparallel to the paleoshoreline trend of the underlying Dunvegan Formation. The Doe Creek Member was deposited on a shallow marine shelf between fairweather and storm wave base. Channels have been tentatively identified to the northwest of the two main sandstone bodies.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: there are provided: a dry composition in an amorphous vitreous state for stabilizing a biologically active material comprising said biologically active material, from 10% to 50% of at least one disaccharide, from more than 10% to 80% of at least one oligosaccharide, from 0.1% to 10% of at least one polysaccharide, from 0.5% to 40% of at least one hydrolysed protein and at least one carboxylic acid salt in an amount of 0.5-20%, wherein percentages are relative to the total weight of the composition, said biologically active material being: live bacterium, fungus, phage, enzyme, protein or pesticide (variants). Method for its preparation and products containing it (variants) providing enhanced stability of a biologically active material are also proposed. EFFECT: group of inventions concerns the stabilization of a biologically active material. 25 cl, 20 dwg, 1 tbl


Present situation of agricultural irrigated water in Beijing and the development of sewage treatment are presented in this paper. By adopting technologies and research achievements both at home and abroad, the secondary treated wastewater can be used for agricultural irrigation. According to the analysis of samples, the impact of most heavy metal elements in the secondary treated wastewater on the agricultural irrigation can be ignored. The paper holds that the research should be focus on ecological effect induced by the nutrient and salinity increase and suggests the establishment of index of the ecological effect of using reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation.


The photoinduced wettabilities of both water and hexadecane on a polycrystalline anatase TiO2 thin film were investigated. An amphiphilic surface was produced on the polycrystalline TiO2 thin film by UV illumination as on the rutile single crystal. Further illumination of the amphiphilic surface increased the hexadecane contact angle gradually and produced a hydrophilic−oleophobic surface. The total energies of the illuminated UV light to produce and terminate the amphiphilic state were independent of the UV light intensity. This wettability change is attributable to the variations of hydrophilicizing rate of TiO2 grains, and the resultant hydrophilic−oleophobic property may contribute to overall self-cleaning performance of the TiO2 thin films.


Objective Child abuse has short and long term consequences. Literature that explores the long term effect of child abuse on children has been reviewed. Setting Prevalence of the long term consequences of child abuse within the Australian paediatric population Sample The search utilised medical search terms of 'child abuse', 'long term effects', 'adverse childhood events', 'violence', 'cortisol response to stress', 'post-traumatic stress disorder', 'nurs*', 'paediatric', 'abuse', 'neglect' and 'prevention' in health related databases to locate literature published from 2007 until present. Primary argument Data concerning child abuse and neglect in Australian children is sparse and inconsistent with no literature found specifically relating to the role of paediatric nurses. Conclusion Further analysis on the effects of child abuse and neglect on Australian children will help to gauge its health burden on the country, and to help health professionals better understand this contemporary child safety concern.


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: method to increase power coefficient of a device comprising a diode or a thyristor rectifier and a collector electric motor consists in the fact that at the moment of 0-2 ms after transition of grid voltage via zero, field suppression is started, and at the moment of 2-7 ms after transition of voltage via zero field suppression is stopped. To shunt an excitation winding, a switch may be used in a mode of width-pulse modulation. The device to realise the method comprises a transformer, a diode or a thyristor rectifying bridge, a collector electric motor comprising an anchor and an excitation winding, one or more resistors of field suppression, one or more switches. A field suppression resistor may be arranged with an intermediate lead, or as comprising two resistors, and a switch may be connected in parallel to one of the resistor parts. Switches may be IGBT transistors (modules). The device may be installed onto an AC electric locomotive. EFFECT: higher power coefficient. 7 cl, 2 dwg


New Zealand World War I transports at Clyde Quay Wharf in Wellington, probably just before their departure 16 October 1914. Closest to the camera is HMNZT No. 9 (Hawkes Bay). Evening Post photograph.
Ships originally identified as Moeraki and Monowai leaving for Samoa, but nearest ship clearly has '9' painted on its hull.
Quantity: 1 b&w original negative(s).


The squeegee by the squeegee moving means moves along the mask, and through the through hole of the mask structure is improved to be easier to use a screen printing machine to a printed circuit board solder cream. Screen printing machine by the squeegee blade moving means moves along the mask, on which a plurality of through holes formed through the mask to the printed circuit board solder cream, and the cream solder to be provided with the mask the solder supply device, the solder supply apparatus includes a movable blade along the longitudinal direction of the solder container (242), with the movement of the blade is formed between the upper surface of the blade and the solder mask multi-part roll consumption of solder (400) in (400a, 400b) and other local replenishment solder (254). Roll diameter of the solder of the solder consumption and more portion (400a, 400b) and the like, based on the distribution of the through-hole of the mask operation, or a roll diameter detector for inspection result by the inspection apparatus on a printed circuit board solder testing to obtain.


The present review considers current data on the structure, functions and role of interleukin-13 in the pathogenesis of vascular wall varicose transformation in terms of proteolysis and inflammatory response. It is known that interleukin-13 is able to interact with transforming growth factor-1 in diseases associated with fibrosis. The latter activates fibroblasts and excessive formation of the extracellular matrix, thereby inducing fibrosis of the vascular wall, which is one of the links in the pathogenesis of varicose veins. Also, to date, there is evidence of the interleukin-13 participation in the induction of certain proteolytic enzymes synthesis, such as matrix metalloproteinases. For the latter, participation in the transformation of the venous wall has been proven to date. The remodeling of the venous wall itself can lead to an increase in the expression of proteinases, providing a proteolytic mechanism for changing the structural organization of the venous wall in varicose veins of the lower extremities. At the same time, the involvement of lysosomal cysteine proteinases remains poorly understood. The expression and production of individual cathepsins are regulated by biologically active molecules: interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor , which are directly involved in inflammatory reactions in the wall of varicose veins. In particular, venous pathology develops in a vicious circle of inflammation with the formation of abnormal venous blood flow, chronic venous hypertension and dilation, and the recruitment of leukocytes. This leads to a further, deeper, remodeling of the walls and valves of the veins, an increase in blood pressure and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators chemokines and cytokines. In connection with the above, in order to understand the mechanisms of proteolysis in the vascular wall in varicose veins of the lower extremities, it is important to have an idea about the possible interactions of interleukin-13 with transforming growth factor-1, inflammatory cytokines, and cathepsins.


Murchison amino acids comprise a diverse suite of over seventy isomeric and homologous species of up to seven-carbon chain length that include: 2amino monoand dicarboxylic acids, 3-, 4-, and 5amino acids, cyclo alkyl-, and N-substituted compounds. This complex distribution has required us to postulate diverse synthetic pathways for their numerous subgroups of molecular species [1]. C analyses have supported the proposal of diverse synthetic processes for these amino acids, by showing significant differences in their δC values. So, α-metlyl amino acids exhibit a declining C content with carbon chain length, while non α amino acids and dicarboxylic acids do not and have C content that remains aproximately unchanged for up to sevencarbon species [1]. We have measured the deuterium content of individual Murchison amino acids by gas chromatography thermal conversionisotope ratio mass spectrometry (GCTC-IRMS). Samples were obtained by water extraction of 10.9g of meteorite powder, followed by chromatography of the extract to separate groups of amino acids of similar chain length [1]. Isotope ratios are listed in the following table that gives the δD values of 2-amino monoand di-carboxylic acids, and amino acids having the amino group farther removed from the carboxyl function. For each amino acid subgroup, the linear and methyl branched species are listed separately; data for sarcosine, a cyclic amino acid, and nicotinic acid, that separates with the amino acids during sample preparation, are also given. A representative chromatogram is shown in the figure for a sample containing the amino acids: (1) D L 2-methyl norvaline, (2)(3) Dand L2,3methyl butyric acid, and (4) 3-amino 2,2-methyl propanoic acids (L 2,3methyl butyric a. was not measured).


To the implement of a simple and effective control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM),application of port-controlled-Hamiltonian(PCH)principle to PMSM controll is investigated.The static feedback stabilization law and the according attract range of standard PCH systems are derived.The dynamic model of PMSM is transferred to standard PCH system and a PCH controller is designed with desired stable status and damping.The proposed method avoids linearization while gets full use of port structure and inner passivity of the system.The PCH controller with clear physic meanings is easy to tuning,simple to implement and has no integral saturation.Simulation result shows the correctness of theoretic analysis and the effectiveness of the feedback law.


Direct numerical simulations of turbulent Hall dynamos are presented. The evolution of an initially weak and small-scale magnetic field in a system maintained in a stationary turbulent regime by a stirring force at a macroscopic scale is studied to explore the conditions for exponential growth of the magnetic energy. Scaling of the dynamo efficiency with Reynolds numbers is studied, and the resulting total energy spectra are found to be compatible with a Kolmogorov-type law. A faster growth of large-scale magnetic fields is observed at intermediate intensities of the Hall effect.


The necessity of obtaining soil stress-strain parameters for dynamic analysis, especially in difficult conditions, in coarse granular soil or when low soil cohesion prevents the extraction of undisturbed samples, led to the development of in-situ measurement techniques such as: wave propagation velocity, plate loading tests and pressuremeter tests in which repetitive stresses are applied. This paper presents the results of cyclic plate bearing tests in coarse granular soil carried out to determine the shear modulus and residual settlement of shallow foundations subjected to cyclic stresses of variable amplitude. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 287689. (TRRL)


Foreword Preface The World of HIV Infection The Study Participants: Choosing to Live with HIV The Families: The Ties that Bind The Professional Caregivers Early Adaptation to HIV The Survivors: A Typology of Coping Styles in Living with HIV Coping with Death and Bereavement Bibliography Index


MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) has become the perfect messaging protocol for IoT (Internet of Things) systems since it is the lightest protocol designed for low bandwidth, high-latency, unreliable networks. Today, the strategy of distributing several MQTT brokers on the networks is widely used because the strategy of using a single broker is no longer efficient. However, in the distributing architectures of MQTT brokers, a subscriber should have prior knowledge about the address of the broker that publishes the data on the topics of interest. In this paper, we tackle this challenge by proposing a mechanism that connects the subscribers to the brokers in a transparent way. The proposed approach, known as TD-MQTT (Transparent Distributed MQTT brokers), requires no prior knowledge of the brokers by the subscribers. The data will be carried automatically from brokers that can change their configuration and location. The transparency will help to use IoT data without worrying about their location and dynamic configuration changes. To evaluate our approach, we compared it with the basic distributed MQTT and the EMMA (MQTT Middle-ware for Edge Computing Applications) approach. The results of the evaluation show that TD-MQTT is much better than the standard MQTT, especially in terms of response time.


Objective To investigate the influences of iterative algorithm(using iDose algorithm) on image quality and radiation dose in temporal bone MSCT.Methods A proper cadaveric head based on the noise level in routine clinical MSCT examination protocol with filtered back-projection(FBP) algorithm was selected as the research object.The cadaveric head was scanned with different effective tube current,and the images were reconstructed with FBP and iDose algorithms,respectively.The subjective and objective evaluations were performed for all the images,and the optimal parameter combination was found.The values of CT volume dose index and dose length product(DLP) at various scan parameters and reconstruction algorithms were analyzed,and effective doses of subject were calculated as well.Results The noise level of iDose algorithm was lower than that of FBP under the same effective tube current,and it decreased with the increasing of iDose levels.The noise level decreased with the increasing of the effective tube current under different effective tube current.The combination of 100 mAs/silce and iDose 5 algorithm could met the requirements of clinical diagnosis,and the noise level of resultant images was lower than that obtained with the combination of 200 mAs/silce and FBP algorithm.The diagnostic acceptability of coronary images was slightly higher than that of axial images.Conclusion The iDose algorithm can not only meet the requirements of the temporal bone CT image quality,but also reduce the radiation dose of the patients.


Research shows,emotional cognition of sadness between English and Chinese is primarily root- ed in our bodily experience of the emotion and our perception of human bodies,but conditioned by their indi- vidual cultural backgrounds and modes of thinking as well,i. e. English and Chinese metaphors of sadness are characterized by both embodied commonness and cultural idiosyncrasies. And this paper interprets the cognitive commonness of English and Chinese metaphors of sadness from the perspective of embodied cognition and em- bodied philosophy,and explores the cause of the differences between the two from the perspective of idealized cognitive model.


Ground‐based optical, magnetic and radar measurements detected a small substorm on October 9, 2000. Solar wind observations on GEOTAIL revealed a prolonged dominant Bz+ and steady By+ interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) prior to the substorm onset, except for a southward excursion at 0645–0655 UT, and a "square‐wave" IMF Bx‐By structure at 0727–0735 UT. We find that the IMF southward excursion led to the dayside convection enhancement and energy transport into the magnetosphere. When the dayside convection decreased, two pseudobreakups occurred as the consequence of the release of magnetospheric energy into the ionosphere. The substorm onset was associated with the IMF Bx‐By structure in "directly driven" fashion. There was also a Stage‐2 expansion which was internally driven within the magnetotail.


Abstract After a high pressure -high temperature treatment of orthorhombic SrGe2 (BaSi2 type of structure) a trigonal polymorph (EuGe2 type of structure) is obtained: space group P3̄m 1; a - 410.4 pm, c - 516.5 pm; Z - 1; zGe = 0.406.


Ferric oxide prepared from iron alum by hydrolysis with urea exhibited enhanced activities compared with Fe2O3 prepared by other methods; in particular, the activity for the dehydration of butan-2-ol was found to be 2000 times higher than that of Fe2O3 prepared from iron alum by hydrolysis with aqueous ammonia.


A technique for maintaining a synchronous motor at unity power factor (or minimum line current) from no-load to full-load conditions, assuring peak efficiency, is described. This concept stems from an adaptation of the Energy Saver Power Factor Controller for induction motors recently developed and patented by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. The method constantly and automatically adjusts the dc field current of a 3-phase synchronous machine such that the ac line current will always be operating at the minimal point of the well known "V" curves. This is accomplished as the load varies over its full operating range.


Accompanying papers calculate the degeneracy of the ground state of a spin glass. These ground states may be accessible or inaccessible to one another. It is argued that the procedure offered by Edwards and Anderson (1975, 1976) implicitly assumes inaccessibility, and a case can be made for the correctness of this assumption. It implies that the entropy calculated by these authors differs from that based on the accessibility hypothesis, and at absolute zero temperature this is given by kappa lnN where N is the number of ground states.


Levin reminds lawmakers who seek to restructure Medicaid that it serves the most vulnerable people with mental illness and should be protected against proposals that would reduce access to mental health services.


A new form of the variation principle is given using the sum T of the Lagrangian L and the Hamiltonian as an action function. This new form of the variational principle enables us to find a new special action function, which conserves the chief features of Born's theory while changing some of its former results. To a given charge correspond two static solutions with central symmetry, one giving a finite, the other an infinite energy. The potential of the one (light) particle is analogous to that in Born's theory while the potential of the other resembles a potential barrier. Also, by using the new action function, the symmetry between electric and magnetic fields ceases to exist.


Types of sluice gate are installed on the existing spillway of dam are divided into two types, roller gate and radial gate. In case of roller gate, it is easy to manufacture and install due to simple structure and accumulated experience and skills. But it needs additional structure for drawing sluice up and it's easy to be influenced by turbulent flow on the both sides of guide frame. For radial gate, it has a beautiful design and there is no turbulent flow. But it should be larger depending on depth of water. Therefore, we suggest a high pressure radial gate that is easy to manufacture and install like radial gate type and enables us to manage the high water level with small scale structure. We hope our high pressure radial gate make it easier to control flood and discharge.


We suggest the method for the devulcanization and destruction of the rubber with the usage of high-boiling hydrocarbon products: coil and oil products as softening agents. Material obtained is the slip of the dissolved rubber-like products in hydrocarbon medium coinciding well with the road asphalt. The source of heat energy is the super-high frequency (SHF) radiation as more effective and economical. SHF field provides fast volume heating of secondary rubber raw material that makes it possible to exclude the operation of the tyres granulating. Removal of the formed products of devulcanization and destruction from the surface improves the process of heat and mass exchange.


In this document, we describe the need for providing a uniform common picture that is missing in several crisis management decision support tools. Through research, we have reviewed some existing crisis management support systems in use and noted key user requirements that these tools are missing. A significant point of this research is to stress the importance of developing a decision support system that would improve the way an ideal support system would collect, analyze and disseminate necessary information to a crisis management decision maker. We also note the importance of ensuring that such a tool presents information to its user over a user friendly interface. The structure thus developed should be a standalone application that could be incorporated into existing platforms (Rinkineva, 2004) such as cell phones, PDAs and laptops.