This study aims to reveal debate over the formulation of local regulation. Particularly, it seeks to know political dynamics at the grassroot level in policy-making. Theoretical assumption mentions that policy-making is not only a process of government technocracy, but it can also a debate over current discourse among citizens. The qualitative study discloses that the political debate over this discourse occurs due to contradictory perspectives on the aspirations of Shari'a law as a part of formal institutions in the state. The first camp argued that Islam should exist in the public as an effort to build an ideal society. Islam must be included as part of the state, at least in local regulation. In contrast, the second camp argued that in building the ideal society, state does not need to include Islam as part of the state in the regulation.


We propose two Fabry-Perot cavities, each pumped through both the mirrors, positioned in line as a toy model of the gravitational-wave (GW) detector free from displacement noise of the test masses. It is demonstrated that the displacement noise of cavity mirrors as well as laser noise can be completely excluded in a proper linear combination of the cavities output signals. We show that in low-frequency approximation (gravitational wave length $\lambda-\text{gw}$ is much greater than distance $L$ between mirrors $\lambda_\text{gw}\gg L$) the decrease of response signal is about $(L/\lambda_\text{gw})^2$, i.e. signal is stronger than the one of the interferometer recently proposed by S. Kawamura and Y. Chen.


Get the radiation heat load of platen superheater in tower type boiler base on the principle of radiation transfer between one plane and another plane or one area and one plane. And get the intergration heat load combine with convection heat transfer.Discusing the infuence of heat load distribution by different density of heat flow in front of the platen superheater.The result shows that the outer layer and inner layer of pipes receive a higher heat load while the intermediate layer of pipes receive a lower one.And Three pipes in that three layers of the platen superheater are taken out to discrible their surface temperature.


Dialkyl imidazolium benzoates, room temperature ionic liquids including 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium benzoate, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium benzoate and I -hexyl-3-methyl imidazolium benzoate were used in the peracetylation and perbenzoylation of several simple and sulfated carbohydrates. Organic solvents and catalysts were not required in the syntheses and these ionic liquids gave excellent yields in short reaction times.


Feature selection is the process of selecting a subset of features among the set of primary features, so that, by removing the redundant and irrelevant features, the accuracy of the classification increases. Because of the low computational complexity, scalability in term of data dimensions and independence of any classifier, filter selection methods are very important. But one of the weaknesses of these methods is the lack of information about the interaction and communication between the features which leads to select redundant and irrelevant features. Selection of redundant and irrelevant features is due to the inappropriate selection of an objective function which estimates the significance and redundancy of the features. In this paper, a nonlinear filter feature selection method, based on conditional mutual information and Pareto set is presented and to prove the efficiency of it a series of experiments are performed on twelve widely used datasets. According to the results, the proposed method is more accurate than a number of recently feature selection methods.


Abstract : The J integral has been successfully applied as a fracture initiation criterion for 2024-T351 aluminum alloy. A heat-tinting technique was used for quantitative measurement of crack extension at selected points on the load-deflection curve. In three-point bend tests incorporating six specimen configurations the critical J values (J(Ic)) at the onset of crack movement differ by at most 15 percent and yield a mean K(Ic) value of 30.9 plus or minus 1.2 ksi/(in. superscript 1/2). The relationship between instantaneous J value and crack extension is independent of initial crack length over the range of crack sizes investigated. J-integral values associated with maximum load (5 to 15 percent crack growth), unlike J(Ic), show a strong dependence on specimen thickness. (Author)


ABSTRACT The relationship between metadata and a user's ability to effectively locate and select a given resource has been a primary interest of library and information professionals. Important questions about how metadata can best meet emerging search behaviors require continuous and engaged analysis. This paper describes such an analysis of click-through rates for e-book and streaming video resources, attempting to correlate use rates with the presence and character of metadata elements in their associated records. We found no strong correlation between the length of a metadata record, or the presence of individual fields, and higher use rates. A discussion of the implications of these findings for further research is presented.


Oppression comes in many shapes and sizes. Although various, noteworthy forms of oppression have plagued this nation for centuries, same-sex couples have experienced a type of oppression unlike any other. However, the Obergefell decision is a significant development toward the equalization of same-sex couples' rights, as the fundamental right to marry is now extended to the equally deserving homosexual community. Yet, an important aspect of marriage is the ability to grow a family, and same-sex couples cannot capitalize on that opportunity as easily as heterosexual couples. Blame science. Therefore, same-sex couples should be considered infertile, by definition, and should be afforded infertility insurance coverage to provide them with the ability to achieve biological parenthood. This Comment will explore the abundance of reasons why infertility insurance coverage for same-sex couples is imperative. * Senior Notes Editor, Michigan State Law Review; J.D. 2018, Michigan State University College of Law; B.A.A. 2012, Central Michigan University. The author would like to thank Professor Cynthia Lee Starnes for her insight and guidance in writing this Comment. The author would also like to thank Marissa Kreutzfeld and Zoey Mayhew for their direction and enthusiasm throughout the entire writing process. Additionally, the author would like to thank her family— Tim, Beth, and Kendell Boutell—for always being her "biggest cheerleaders" in life, and John Reardon for his continued encouragement and patience over the last few years. Finally, the author would like to thank Judge Karen D. McDonald for her invaluable mentorship and inspiration, and the rest of 5C for their unwavering support throughout her law school journey. This Comment is dedicated to Aleigha Phillips and all individuals like her who long to become biological parents, but whose financial constraints may impede their ability to do so. 596 Michigan State Law Review 2017


The modification of the mechanical properties of polypyrrole (PPY) by electrochemical preparation of conductive composite film from pyrrole (PY) and three kinds of liquid crystalline copoly(ester-amide)—PEA(H), PEA(C), PEA(O)—are presented. The electrical conductivity of the PEA(H)/PPY, PEA(C)/PPY, and PEA(O)/PPY composites are the same order of magnitude as PPY. The mechanical properties of the composite films are much better than that of pure PPY, and the composite films have good conductivity and thermostability. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Knowledge from atmospheric analyses and/or models is very important for calculations of the excitations of the Earth, including length of day, polar motion, and nutation, and has further consequences for understanding of the geophysical structure of the Earth's interior, that is, mantle and core. With some of the nutation parameters especially dependent on the diurnal variability of the atmosphere's equatorial angular momentum, it is important to seek the best series for such terms. We are grateful to the winners of the Descartes Prize for their nutation studies with having chosen our team for an award to study the relevant excitation functions.


The registered dietitian (RD) plays an integral role in helping patients manage their celiac disease (CD). The RDs were surveyed on their use of CD resources and technology (Twitter, Facebook, smartphone apps, or Internet) for their own continuing education and for use in patient education. Academic publications were the most used CD resources for self-education by the RDs. They reported using Twitter and Facebook the least and handouts the most to educate patients with CD, and technology is not a common resource for education of CD patients. The collaborative work between RDs and software developers may increase CD education efficacy by using technology.


(54) AUTOMATICTOOTH CHARTING USING 3.339: A. 3: N. et al enn et al. DIGITAL IMAGES 2004/0038.184 A1 2/2004 Adachi et al. ................. 433,215 2004.0049956 A1* 3, 2004 Li ............... 40,124.06 (75) Inventors: Rongguang Liang, Penfield, NY (US); 2006/0069591 A1 3/2006 Razzano ........................... 705/2 Jean Marc Inglese, Bussy Saint Georges 2006/0270935 A1* 11, 2006 Ariff et al. .................... 600/437 (FR); Edward R. Shellard, Atlanta, GA 2006/0285636 A1 12/2006 Razzano (US); Larry A. Greenspan, Sparks, MD OTHER PUBLICATIONS (US); Mark Woodman, Biggleswade (GB); Steve Mclaughlin, Biggleswade Earley, Edward T. DVM. "Computerized Dental Charting". AAEP (GB) s (American Association of Equine Practitioners) Focus Meeting 2006, International Veterinary Information Service, Filename: earley1.pdf (73) Assignee: Carestream Health, Inc., Rochester currently available at the http:// address: www.ivis.org/proceedings/ NY (US) 9 s s aaepfocus/2006/. 16 pages. "Dental Charting training document, National Examining Board for c r b disclai h f thi Dental Nurses, National Certificate Examination, NEBDN-En (*) Notice: Su ject to any disc aimer, t eterm. Oths gland and Wales, Apr. 2009. pp. 1-13. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. * cited by examiner


Finite-element analyses were conducted to investigate the thermal stress in 3-dimensional stacked wafers package containing through-silicon-via (TSV), which is being widely used for 3-Dimensional integration. With finite element method (FEM), thermal stress was analyzed with the variation of TSV diameter, bonding diameter, pitch and TSV height. It was revealed that the maximum von Mises stresses occurred at the edge of top interface between Cu TSV and Si and the Si to Si bonding site. As TSV diameter increased, the von Mises stress at the edge of TSV increased. As bonding diameter increased, the von Mises stress at Si to Si bonding site increased. As pitch increased, the von Mises stress at Si to Si bonding site increased. The TSV height did not affect the von Mises stress. Therefore, it is expected that smaller Cu TSV diameter and pitch will ensure mechanical reliability because of the smaller chance of plastic deformation and crack initiation.


In 2003, the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation initiated "Avahan" a large scale HIV prevention program in India. The goal was to halt the HIV epidemic in India by rapidly building a scaled HIV prevention program for core and bridge population groups across 4 Southern and 2 Northeastern states in India representing approximately 80% of India's HIV burden in 2002. Avahan offered a standardised package of known and proven prevention interventions to high-risk groups and bridge populations in the geographic areas most affected by the epidemic. The program reached 220 000 female sex workers; 80 000 High risk MSM; 18 000 Injecting drug users and 5 million men at risk. By December 2008, Avahan had achieved significant scale and coverage with over 75% of total denominator including FSW and high risk MSM contacted monthly through outreach. The presentation will include the challenges at the start of the program, Avahan approaches to rapid scale up while leveraging data to ensure focus on highest at risk through provision of a standardised package of services (known as the Common Minimum Program).


Efforts were made to achieve lower (R q < 0.1 μm) initial RMS roughnesses of PS304 coatings so that they may be considered for foil bearings operating under increasingly severe conditions that result in smaller air film thicknesses. Attainable roughness of conventional plasma-sprayed PS304 coatings has been typically R q > 0.25 μm, as limited by porosity in the deposited coating and surface irregularities correspondingly formed upon finishing. Initial attempts at achieving dense coatings by instead using a high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) flame-spraying process failed due to insufficient heating and softening of the NiCr and Cr 2 O 3 constituents of the PS304 feed powder, which rebounded from the steel target substrate and resulted in low deposition yield. Efficient HVOF deposition by a hydrogen-fueled system was achieved using NiCr and Cr 2 O 3 constituent particles of reduced size that were more effectively heated. The resultant dense coatings provided roughnesses as low as R q = 0.05 μm upon polishing. Tribological performance of these HVOF coatings was evaluated against Inconel X-750 in thrust-washer tests at a sliding speed of 5.4 m/s, with contact pressures of 20 and 40 kPa, and ambient or 500°C temperatures. The wear and friction performances in direct sliding contact, as would exist upon loss of separating air-bearing film, of the PS304 coatings produced by HVOF are found to be similar to those deposited by the plasma spray process.


Geographic feature categorization from text addresses the need for querying and finding geographic features from text documents. Although many text classification techniques have been developed, there are limitations to apply to geographic features due to the uniqueness of the geography features. In this paper we propose a method to classify geographic features based on latent semantic analysis and domain knowledge. The empirical experiment indicates that the proposed method achieves satisfactory categorizing effectiveness.


Abstract : A study was made of the penetration, perforation, and fragmentation of 0.05 to 0.25-inch-thick 2024 aluminum, SAE 1020, and 4130 steel alloy plates impacted normally by 0.125-, 0.25-, and 0.375-inch-diameter AISI 52-100 hard steel spheres at velocities from 2,800 to 8,800 fps. The drop in projectile velocity was found to decrease just above the ballistic limit, then steadily rise with increasing initial bullet speed in all target-projectile configurations. The first trend was predicted by a relation based on a simple momentum balance, whereas a more precise analysis provided reasonable correspondence with the data over the entire velocity range. Strain gage results showed a decrease of dishing relative to radial target motion with increasing impact velocity. Displacement-time curves were constructed using measured initial and terminal projectile velocities, fragment dimensions, and Kerr cell records. Force histories of the projectiles were then computed from these data using an empirical relation developed previously. Peak forces obtained were in reasonable agreement with calculations from a triangular impulse of the proper duration and of magnitude equal to the measured change in momentum.


To the Editor: We were pleased to see the article by Fatemi and coworkers1 from the Mayo Clinic, which shows the increase in activity in fetuses we had observed and verified in our article in Echocardiography in 1995.2 We studied 11 pregnancies at 21 to 28 weeks' estimated gestational age, by informed consent at University of California, San Diego, and counted the heart rate and fetal movements during ultrasonographic observation periods as well as during and after pulsed Doppler interrogation of the general area of the heart. Fatemi et al took a more rigorous approach to monitoring, although the approach we took let us differentiate simple and gross or rolling movements. Fatemi and coworkers also verified the increase in heart rate we observed during and immediately after pulsed Doppler interrogation. Like Fatemi et al (although they provided a more detailed explanation of the oscillating radiation force during pulsed Doppler interrogation, producing direct vibration of the fetal skull), we attributed our results to the known fetal excitatory response to sound, but we did not test continuous wave Doppler ultrasound, which was not generally available in radiology-configured systems in the early 1990s. Kia Saeian, who did this work as a third-year medical student at University of California, San Diego, would be quite proud that his results have been affirmed by such a prestigious group, but he would be disappointed that they did not reference his study. Like Fatemi et al, we stressed the behavior modification aspects of our observations and did not speculate on whether there was a health risk identified for a diagnostic test that has major benefits and importance when performed for clinical indications.


The invention discloses a device for bi-phase forming of exogenous positive end-expiratory pressure through oxygen driven inhalation. The device comprises an oxygen driven inhalation mechanism, a T-shaped joint and a mouthpiece, wherein an inspiration one-way valve is arranged in a first opening; and the mouthpiece is connected with a second opening of the T-shaped joint. Therefore, atomizing gas with inspiration oxygen helps dilute secretion of the air passage and improve the blood oxygen saturation, blood oxygen improvement facilitates improving expiratory dyspnea of patients and active cough to remove secretion of the air passage, and meanwhile, the exogenous positive end-expiratory pressure resists endogenous positive end-expiratory pressure of a COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) patient so as to be favorable for reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood. Accordingly, not only is secretion of the air passage removed, but also carbon dioxide retention caused by oxygen inhalation is prevented.


The invention relates to a method for producing a chicken flavor essence base material by using a chicken framework, which comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing the cleaned chicken framework by a bone crusher, grinding the crushed chicken framework into chicken bone cement of which diameter is 10 +/- 5mu m by a colloid grinder, directly delivering the chicken bone cement into a reaction kettle without high-temperature boiling, adding water into the chicken bone cement to make the solid content reach 8 percent, and adjusting the pH to 7.0 by using 10 percent NaOH solution; adding 0.5 to 1.5 percent of composite proteinase by mass of the chicken bone cement into the mixture, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3 to 5 hours at a temperature of 55 DEG C; adding a thermal reaction mixture into the reaction kettle; heating the reaction kettle to make the mixture react at a temperature of between 100 and 125 DEG C; and after reacting for 30 to 180 minutes, obtaining the essence base material with intense chicken flavor, wherein the thermal reaction mixture comprises: 5 to 15 percent of glucose, 5 to 10 percent of xylose, 1 to 3 percent of cysteine hydrochloride, 1 to 3 percent of glycin, 30 to 50 percent of enzymolysis liquid, 1 to 5 percent of chicken fat, 5 to 20 percent of yeast powder, and 0.5 to 1.5 percent of vitamin B1.


AIM
The aim of the retrospective study was to establish the frequency of the posterior lens capsule opacification after the cataract surgery and artificial intraocular lens (IOL) Acri.Smart 46S (Acri.Tech Zeiss) implantation.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study group consisted of 72 eyes (30 men and 28 women), their average age was 65.4 +/- 8.4 years, with performed cataract surgery and implanted IOL Acri.Smart 46S (Acri.Tech Zeiss). After the average period of 32.4 +/- 7.3 months after the surgery, the patients underwent the examination with refractive error measurement, uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity for for, and posterior lens capsule transparency examination with dilated pupils and with retroillumination photography taken by NIDEK EAS-100 device.

RESULTS
After the average follow-up period of 32.4 +/- 7.3 months after the surgery, the refractive error was -0.32 +/- 0.8 diopters and average cylindrical error -0.8 +/- 0.6 Dcyl. The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.72 +/- 0.3, and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 0.95 +/- 0.2. The average diameter of the examined posterior capsule was 5.89 +/- 2.1 mm, and the transparency of the posterior capsule was 98.41 +/- 8.5%. In two eyes (2.7%) only, the YAG capsulotomy was performed.

CONCLUSION
The IOL Acri.Smart is safe, easy to implant IOL, which meets the requirements of the microincision surgery. The IOL had very low incidence of posterior lens capsule opacification, and in two eyes (2.7%) only the YAG capsulotomy was performed.


The paper examines the achievements and losses of the Ethiopian state following the introduction of the developmental state model. In his research, the author relies mostly on secondary sources, upon a thorough analysis of which he draws the following conclusion: Even though the developmental state model has led to a remarkable economic growth and made the country one of the fastest growing economies in the world, it has also caused several detrimental effects, including eroding the value of pluralism, compromising human rights, and consolidating a single-party authoritarian rule, which spurred a rampant corruption and intensified arbitrary intervention in the citizens' lives. The author suggests that economic growth and political transformation (democratization) should be valued equally and pursued side-by-side, which requires a genuinely patriotic, determined, and civic-minded leader.


This book has offered a qualified defense of a territorial states system. This chapter summarizes the book's argument and suggests we have a common responsibility to work to create multilateral institutions that would better specify, allocate, and enforce duties to protect the fundamental territorial interests of the earth's inhabitants. Following Kant, the chapter argues for institutionalizing these cosmopolitan duties through multilateral cooperation and horizontal sanctioning, rather than by instituting a world government with executive powers. There is every reason to work toward climate justice, more extensive refugee rights, and other cosmopolitan reforms via "self-binding" arrangements that will reflect, rather than violate, collective self-determination. Such a strategy may allow for the establishment of multilateral institutions that can limit state sovereignty by enforceable duties to secure fundamental territorial interests.


Structural analysis of metallic liquids and glasses is complicated by the lack of long range order. Diffraction analysis, using either neutrons or X-rays has proven very effective in understanding the pair-wise bonding that comprises the short range order in these inherently disordered systems. However, these studies have typically only been a 'snap shot' in time or temperature. High energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) (> 40 keV) in conjunction with an area detector and spallation neutron sources provide a means to collect structural data in the same time frame of a few seconds or less. This allows for obtaining hundreds of diffraction patterns in a few hours or less. Strategies for rapid analysis are needed to cope with such massive amounts of data. One means of approaching the data is to look at the changes in the reduced distribution function (dG(r)).


Geological disasters frequently occur in China.The monitoring of geological hazard is a key task for disaster prevention.However,It is dangerons for technical staff to monitor on site.According to the present monitoring technique,it is possible to develop long distance telecontrol,telemeter and 2-way transmission of data using network communication.This new technique may make the engineers and policy-makers real-time analyze the disaster development,and through the monitoring network,we can also give a quick feedback to monitoring station.The auto-telemetry monitoring system can be built by the application of General Packet Radio Service technology(GPRS) in monitoring of geological hazard.In this paper,principles of the GPRS technology are introduced,and its application in the monitoring of geological hazard is demonstrated.


A bipolar transistor self-exciting Cuk converter comprises an inductor L1, an NPN transistor Q1, a capacitor C2, a diode D1, an inductor L2 and a capacitor C3 which form a main circuit of the Cuk converter, wherein the emitting electrode of the NPN transistor Q1 is connected with the negative terminal of direct current input voltage Vi; the junction of the inductor L1 and the capacitor C2 is connected with the collecting electrode of the NPN transistor Q1; the emitting electrode of an NPN transistor Q2 is connected with the emitting electrode of the NPN transistor Q1; the collecting electrodeof the NPN transistor Q2 is connected with the base electrode of the NPN transistor Q1; the base electrode of the NPN transistor Q1 is also connected to the positive terminal of direct current input voltage Vi by a resistor R1; series branch circuits of a resistor R2 and a resistor R3 are connected at the two ends of the emitting electrode and the collecting electrode of the Q1 in parallel; and the junction of the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 is connected with the base electrode of the NPN transistor Q2. The converter has simple circuit structure, a few of components and widened application range.


Objective: To evaluate the effects of transverse annular compression sutures(TACS) on the lower uterine segment to control bleeding during cesarean section delivery in women with placenta previa.Methods: 58 cases of placenta previa from December 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups,in which 29 patients in research group control bleeding with TACS in the lower uterine segment during cesarean section delivery,and 29 patients in control group controlled bleeding with traditional " 8" shaped suture during cesarean section.The operation time,oxytocin dose,blood loss in operation,blood loss after operation,postoperative complications and uterine reversion were compared between two groups.Results: ①Operation time of research group was obviously shorter than that of control group(P 0.05).②There was no difference between the groups in oxytocin dose(P 0.05).However,carboprost usage amount was much more in the control group(P 0.05).③There was significant difference in blood loss(P 0.05).④ There was significant difference in blood loss from hemostatic measure taken to 24 h after operation between research and control groups(P 0.05).⑤There was difference between the two groups in postoperative complications and uterine reversion(P 0.05).Conclusion: TACS is one of the efficient methods in controlling postpartum placental separation hemorrhage during caesarean section with placenta previa.


A method for predicting pH changes in multiple admixtures was designed on the basis of the acid-base equilibrium theory. The pH's of transfusions mixed with the various injections were estimated by solving a general theoretical equation for proton concentrations in the multicomponents-blended aquaous solution obtained using a dichotomy as the algorithm. Eighty-two transfusions and parenteral solution mixture combinations were examined for the efficacy of the predicted equation. As a result, the estimated pH was in good agreement with the measured pH in all examinations, and a good corelation existed between the measured and calculated values of pH. Furthermore, the incompatibility of the parenteral admixture can be easily predicted using the present estimation-program for pH changes without any preliminary pH titration tests. These results suggest that this prediction method will be a useful tool for constructing and handling database incompatibility.


Light-controlled conductance switching of diarylethenes attached to Au(111) is reported (see figure). First, scanning tunneling microscopy is used to demonstrate reversible photoswitching for individual molecules. Second, reversible switching in self-assembled monolayers is established by means of optical spectroscopy.


Most of the humoral response in Camelids is mediated by a special group of antibodies known as Heavy Chain only antibodies. The Variable region (VH of HCab-VHH) can be stably expressed and by itself bind to the epitope, making them a promising agent in therapeutic/biotechnological applications. The architecture of VHH is similar to its VH counterparts with alternating relatively less variable Framework Regions (FRs) and hyper variable Complementarity Determining Regions (CDRs). We use a fine description of local protein structures, namely a Structural Alphabet (SA), to perform the first extensive study on structural diversity of VHH FRs, where we uncovered the existence of various structural clusters with unexpected variations.


Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2023;16:e009761. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.122.009761 July 2023 Correspondence to: Harindra C. Wijeysundera MD, PhD, Schulich Heart Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Room A202, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5. Email email@example.com Supplemental Material is available at https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/suppl/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.122.009761. For Sources of Funding and Disclosures, see page 504. © 2023 American Heart Association, Inc. ORIGINAL ARTICLE


Edited by Elissa P. Benedek, Peter Ash, and Charles L. Scott, Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc., 2010, 511 pp. $135.00.

Child psychiatrists meet the mental health needs of children and adolescents by using developmentally sensitive assessment and treatment interventions. The U


Purpose
The purpose of this research paper is to explore the significance of language processing in library systems and evaluate the effectiveness of integrating artificial intelligence and generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) technology in modern libraries. Specifically, the paper focuses on SheetGPT, a Google Sheet and GPT Plugin and its impact on language processing in library systems.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts a comprehensive analysis approach to evaluate the integration of SheetGPT in library systems. The authors outlined a user-friendly approach for installation and use of SheetGPT using its "beginner plan", appropriate for personal/student use or extended experimentation. The study includes a quantitative analysis to provide a thorough understanding of the benefits and limitations of SheetGPT in library systems.

Findings
The findings of this research paper suggest that SheetGPT is a highly effective language-processing tool for library systems. Additionally, ChatGPT's integration with Google Sheets and easy accessibility over Google Marketplace makes it an efficient and user-friendly tool for library professionals. Overall, this study highlights the potential of SheetGPT to enhance language processing in library systems

Originality/value
This research paper contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of SheetGPT in library systems. The study's approach is unique in that it evaluates SheetGPT's impact on language processing and provides insights into its benefits and limitations. The study's findings are original and provide a valuable resource for library professionals and researchers interested in exploring the potential of SheetGPT to enhance language processing in library systems.


(2014). New names for the African Acacia species in Vachellia and Senegalia. Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science: Vol. 76, No. 4, pp. iii-iii.


Composite materials and determination of their properties is a much-discussed topic not only in the field of the high voltage insulation systems. In this field, one of the most important parameters which may be determined is relative permittivity, also known as the dielectric constant. In some of the times, few mathematical formulas, e.g. linear, Birchak's, Landau-Lifshitz-Looyeng's or Lichtenecker-Rother's, were valid. The basic problem of usage of these formulas occurred with the application of filler with nano-dimensions, where the dielectric properties are affected by interaction zone between the surface of the filler and the matrix. The main aim of this paper is to use these formulas for calculations at elevated temperatures and compare them with the results from prepared samples of nanocomposite material. The main contribution of this paper is placed in the knowledge of the temperature dependence of the magnesium oxide filler which was measured separately as a compressed pellet and may be used for precise calculation. The values of relative permittivity were measured from 30 to $120^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$. The different amount of filler was used for this investigation. Individual sample set contains 5 samples 10x10x0.1 cm for better statistical evaluation. The average values of the relative permittivity of each set were used for comparison with theoretical calculations and suggestion of modified formula.


Presentation on 3-D modeling of lithium-ion cells used in plug-in hyybrid electric vehicle batteries. 3-D models provide better understanding of cell design, operation, and management.


A C CO R DI NG to Amnesty International's N ovember 1996 rep ort, TIn ke y: C hildre n at Risk oj Tortu re, D eath ill C ustody and 'D isappearance', th e torture and abuse of children in Turkish prisons is increasing. 'Children as young as 12, some times ar rested on suspicion of minor charges , are treated with appalling crue lty,' says th e report, citing th e case of D one Talun (see below). C hildren, it claims, 'have become th e latest target of both sides in th e long-running war opposing gove rn ment and army to the Kurdish Workers' Par ty (PKK). Turkish and Kurdish ado lescents have been arrested and tortured follo wing spur io us allegatio ns of 'belonging to a terrorist organisation' ; others have 'disappea red' and


In this article, we use the method of lines combined with a quasi-reversibility method to reconstruct a corrosion boundary for the Laplace equation. This problem is ill-posed, that is, the corrosion boundary does not depend continuously on the given Cauchy data. To restore the stability of approximate boundary on the noises in Cauchy data, we use a modified fourth-order partial differential equation to replace the original Laplace equation. Through the suitable choice of a regularization parameter, one can obtain a stable numerical approximation to the unknown boundary. Numerical examples show that the proposed method is feasible and stable.


The presented OptInv software system provides support for inventory and sales optimization. Generally, small and medium enterprises cannot afford expensive Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, with effective supply management modules. Supplies are often managed based only on former experience. Inconvenient situations can occur when an order cannot be accomplished because the needed product is missing, or when the money invested in some products becomes a waste. Using the right methods and tools, these problems can be eliminated. The aim of the OptInv project is to provide a Software as a Service (SaaS) solution for this kind of problems. OptInv imports data from accounting software systems and provides statistics about products, providers and sales. Products can be categorized, the value of the stock can be estimated, the consumption can be predicted and in this way the inventory can be optimized.


Two major themes that have emerged from recent theoretical and empirical studies of technology at the firm level have been the tendencies on the one hand to localization of technological search and on the other hand to the spread of multi-technology companies, required to incorporate an ever-growing extent of advanced technologies. These trends appear contradictory. This paper analyses the contradictions through the use of patents data as an indicator of technological specialization. Two industries and some of their leading corporations are singled out for analysis - the electronics industry (especially in Europe). as an upstream 'high-tech' industry. and the food-processing industry, a downstream sector that is now having to make use of a burgeoning range of technologies. The paper examines their major corporate changes in the light of the technological data, through the use of concentration indices. It shows that both industries are trying to reconcile the contradiction with greater specialization taking place in sub-units of the firms. though the effect is more muted in food-processing where demand factors predominate. The need to command multiple diverse technologies is being targeted by restructuring firms in terms of both external relationships and internal reorganizations, but the basic contradiction still remains and may bc insoluble.


The creep response of the 17-4PH precipitation hardening steel produced by a new additive manufacturing technology (Bound Metal Deposition) was investigated at 482 °C (900 °F), under stresses ranging from 350 to 600 MPa. Two different sets of samples produced with different deposition parameters were considered. Prior heat treatment consisted of ageing either at 482 °C (state H900) or at 621 °C (H1150). The minimum creep rate and time to rupture dependencies on applied stress were obtained. The creep response in terms of time to rupture under a given stress, in particular, was compared with the only other available literature dataset on a similar steel processed by traditional technologies. The analysis of the experiments demonstrated that the presence of dispersed defects causes, in the Bound Metal Deposited steel, a substantial reduction (35–40%) of the creep strength.


Abstract Five new μ-oxamido heterodinuclear copper(II)-iron(II) complexes of the formula [Cu(Me2oxpn)Fe(L)2]SO4, where Me2oxpn denotes N, N'-bis(3-amino-2, 2-dimethylpropyl)oxamido dianion and L represents diamino-ethane (en), 1, 3-diaminopropane (pn), 1, 2-diaminopropane (ap), 2, 9-dimethyl-l, 10-phenanthroline (Me2phen) and 4, 4′-dimethyl-2, 2′-bipyridine (Me2bpy), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, spectroscopic studies, magnetic moments (at room temperature) and molar conductivity measurements. It is proposed that these complexes have extended oxamido-bridged structures consisting of planar copper(II) and octahedral iron(II) ions. The [Cu(Me2oxpn)Fe(en)2]SO4 (1) and [Cu(Me2oxpn)Fe(pn)2]SO4 (2) complexes have been further characterized by variable temperature magnetic susceptibility (4.2-300 K). The observed data were least-squares fitted to the susceptibility equation derived from the spin Hamiltonian including single-ion zero-field interaction for the iron(II) ion, Ĥ=-2JŜ1...


The article describes the main features of the socialization of today's college students as a specific socio-demographic community. Determined by social factors influence the Ukrainian society to the socialization of young people. Analyze different approaches to the definition of "socialization", types and mechanisms of socialization.


In this paper, nonlinearity error of a laser encoder is modeled by using the Jones matrix analysis. In the nano-metrology system we suppose that polarizing beam splitters are imperfect. The intensity of interference signals on photodetectors are obtained and simulated by MATLAB software. The nano-displacement of scale grating is simulated by Arctangent method. We show that maximum nonlinearity error phase is equal to 0.07166 rad when the pitch of scale grating and wavelength of the laser are 1 μm and 685 nm, respectively.


Frequent vibration of heat exchanger tube for baffle plate shell and tube heat exchanger in service,show the research of pipe vibration problem of the heat exchange tube having not been paid enough attention,which makes the system analysis of related factors of vibration of heat exchange tubes necessary. According to the lesson and experience of heat pipe vibration in operation for tube heat exchanger by baffle shell,the shell-side fluid factor,diversion structure factors,heat pipe selection factors,heat exchange tube itself,the structure factor heat pipe support structure factors,and factors related to the tube plate were systematic analyzed, which were advantageous to control heat exchanger tube vibration for design, manufacture and maintenance personnel.


Aim To investigate the significance of levels of β2-microglobulin and neuron-specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid in central nervous system leukemia patients.Methods The levels of β2-microglobulin and neuronspecific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid from 72 cases were detected and analyzed.Result The concentrations of β2 microglobulin and neuron-specific enolase in central nervous system leukemia patients were significantly higher than the acute leukemia group and the control group(P0.01).Conclusion The detection of β2-microglobulin and neuronspecific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid is useful in diagnosis of central nervous system leukemia.


Introduction The desire to produce greener and more sustainable buildings has required engineers to go beyond conventional building design. This design intent now extends beyond energy efficiency to explore approaches that lead to enhanced occupant comfort and improved indoor environment quality. In this area of innovation there are valuable lessons that can be learned from the experience of overseas markets. However in importing new techniques we need to consider the needs and expectations of our own market. This paper explores the use of two innovative techniques in use overseas that are beginning to be applied within Australia. BATISO / active mass cooling BATISO (also known as: thermo-active slabs, active mass cooling, concrete core conditioning etc.) has been used for several decades in various forms to assist in providing comfort to building occupants. It is only since the mid to late 1990's, however, that it has begun to be used more widely to cool and warm commercial buildings. Its growth in popularity, particularly in Europe, has been due to its ability to provide high levels of thermal comfort for very low energy consumption and relatively low capital outlay. The term BATISO comes from the amalgamation of two words, batiment and isotherm, literally meaning a " constant temperature building ". Essentially the design consists of hydronic pipework embedded in the structural mass of a building that is used to regulate the building's temperature (see Figure 1). In this way the structural mass of the building is actively used to directly store and transmit heat or cooling energy to the occupied space. The intensity of the energy input typically required is also low, meaning that low grade energy sources can be used. This is referred to as " low exergy " design, where the term exergy describes the inherent energy potential wasted in an energy exchange process. This approach allows for the design of systems with inherently low energy use and high efficiency. A BATISO system provides cooling to the occupied space mainly by direct radiant heat exchange between the room and the exposed structural slab. Traditional suspended ceilings are not used such that all services need to be run exposed below the soffit, or more typically concealed in a raised floor plenum. As a predominantly radiant system, the cooling potential of BATISO depends on the heat exchange coefficient of the cooled surface and the temperature difference between it and the space. The …


Mesoporous Ti-SBA-15 materials have been synthesized up to a Si/Ti ratio of 20 using a two-step pH adjusting method. Low angle X-ray diffraction and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed that the optimal pH value to synthesize highly ordered mesoporous solids having Ti atoms primarily in tetrahedral coordination environments is around 7.5. The nitrogen physisorption and TEM indicated also ordered mesostructures having relatively large surface areas and uniform mesopore size distribution. It was found that the amount of Ti (IV) increases with the decrease in the Si/Ti ratio. High titanium to silicon ratios (>20) lead to the formation of nanosized anatase phases. DR UV-vis results demonstrated the formation of Ti-OOH active functionalities at the Ti (IV) sites of Ti-SBA-15 upon exposure to H2O2 aqueous solution.


Effective use of co-disposal of waste rock and tailings depends among other things of the use of a high slurry solids concentration so as to minimize segregation of the finest particles. Generalise ...


The survey shows that university students,upgraded from college,have some new features in vocational attitude,career motivation,career aspirations and so on.Consequently,university should accordingly further strengthen students' vocational values education,through enhancing vocational motives,strengthening the value of life guidance,innovating education ways and means.


Abstract The effect of artificial host odour on the landing responses of males of Glossina m.morsitans West, and on their reaction to visual targets has been investigated in a wind tunnel. Landing was induced in flies that traversed steep odour gradients as they flew upwind and downwind across the edge of an odour plume, irrespective of whether visual targets were present or not; the landing response could be elicited over a wide range of odourconcentrations. When targets were present such odour gradients also tended to increase the proportion of landing flies which alighted on or near the targets; and the bigger the target, or the hungrier the flies, the greater was the propensity for target landing. In air which was more uniformly permeated with odour, the propensity to land on targets was increased only at high odour concentration.


Abstract The stellar populations in the bulges of S0s, together with the galaxies' dynamics, masses and globular clusters, contain very interesting clues about their formation. I present here recent evidence suggesting that S0s are the descendants of fading spirals whose star formation ceased.


An overview of transaction management and lock- based concurrency control of transaction is presented in this paper.The locking protocols,locking technique are discussed in detail.And the approaches to avoiding phantom problem as well as the way for handling dead- locking are concerned.


There has been considerable interest in tetragonal R2Fe14B compounds as a basis for a new class of permanent magnet materials because of the unusually large energy products they exhibit at room temperature for certain rare‐earth substitutions. The origin of the high‐energy products is directly related to the large saturation magnetization and magnetic anisotropy energy. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy is believed to be directly related to an interaction between the 4f‐electrons and the crystal field: however, to date few if any direct comparisons have been made between the experimental magnetic anisotropy and crystal field theory. The reason being that the large anisotropy energy makes it very difficult to use conventional torque magnetometry techniques to determine the angular dependence of the magnetic free energy, particularly at low temperatures where the higher‐order terms become important. In this investigation we determine the angular dependence of the magnetic free energy as a function of...


High-efficiency back-contact heterojunction crystalline Si (c-Si) solar cell with a record-breaking conversion efficienciy of 26.7% is reported. The importance of thin-film Si solar cell technology for heterojunction c-Si solar cells with amorphous Si passivation layers in improving conversion efficiency and reducing production cost is demonstrated. Owing to the recent improvement of c-Si solar cells and perovskite solar cells, conversion efficiencies over 30% have become a realistic target by using a two-terminal tandem structure with a heterojunction c-Si solar cell and a perovskite solar cell.


Purpose – This paper is the continuation of an earlier paper in this journal on global megatrends provoking institutional changes. It contains sectoral analyses with relevance to environmental protection. Conclusions for suitable institutional reorganisation of (environmental or other) institutions are presented. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – A planet-wide information system might optimally also include areas such as human development indicators, water supply and demand and deforestation issues. Findings – While administrations are increasingly oriented towards servicing a society, environmental institutions should specifically take care of global megatrends in the following areas: genetic engineering and biological safety, integrated plant technology in industry, climate protection, agriculture, noise, emissions and air pollution, sustainability, spatial planning and regional planning, radiation protection and nuclear power, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) an...


Ternary Form,Rondo Form and Sonata Form are familiar forms of large scale.The students of Music School may confuse these three forms when analyzing big music work.This paper probes into the three easily confusedaspects as well as the methods of obviating interference and distinguishing musical structure.


For further development of technologies but also for the implementation in real life contexts, it is important to understand users' perspectives on the anticipated use of innovative technologies in an early development phase. In addition, it is also important to get a better understanding of the explanation of this behavior towards technology use in later stages. Although Head Mounted Displays (HMDs) are not really new anymore, the uptake has been slow so far and people showed some extreme reactions. The objective of this study was to analyze the content of YouTube comments on videos of HMDs, in order to get a better understanding of relevant factors in this early phase of potential acceptance of HMDs. We analyzed 379 YouTube comments on HMDs using content analysis. Comments were divided into three groups: HMD, video, and miscellaneous. Comments about HMDs $\mathrm{n}=24$ were further analyzed. Most of the commenters showed a positive attitude to HMDs. Within the positive attitude, the most expressed themes were comments about the type of use (gaming), positive evaluations (emotions, coolness) and perceived need for an HMD. Within the negative attitudes, negative evaluations (judgments, emotions) were showed most and negative comparisons to other products were made. In neutral attitudes, the main theme was the type of use (gaming). The results specify a couple of user needs and social norms and values which people attach in this early phase to HMDs. In this early phase of acceptance, some early adoption observations were found as in when someone talks about the type of use (felt needs) and positive judgments (social norms). Early signs of rejection were found by negative judgments (social norms) and comparisons with other products (previous practice).


An integration testing approach for Object Oriented software was presented in this paper. An integration testing strategy was discussed after class testing and a process of integration testing and a method of generating test case were presented.


This paper introduces the construction method of deepwater pile foundation including the putting up of drilling platform and the construction of bored pile.


Brand is one of the presentations of the culture. The high quality culture is indispensable of the well-known brand. In contrast, the well-known brand is the elite of the high quality culture. The modern enterprises should deploy the strategy of brand-culture on promotion to acquire competitive advantage.


The aim of this paper to establish the Marichev-Saigo-Maeda fractional integration formula to the product of the K-function with the general class of multivariable polynomials. The results are presented in terms of the Wright generalized hypergeometric function. Corresponding assertions in terms of Saigo, Erdelyi-Kober, Riemann-Liouville, and Weyl type of fractional integrals are also presented. Further, we point out also their relevance.


This work aims to enhance the physical qualities that Girardot already possesses, since it is located at a crossroads that will be used to increase the economy of the region through the provision of services, commercialization of products and strengthening of the ecological structure. Through the partial plan, new housing areas will be designed and organized with all the services and necessary uses of the inhabitants to meet the needs of these and improve their life quality, this way it will prevent the municipality to continue growing without control and without affecting the ecological systems. The partial plan has the purpose of being sustainable by generating of all the energy that is consumed inside and can be able to supply more energy for the rest of the municipality.


It has reported that the parameters of an induction motor are varied according to the change of operating condition. The indirect rotor flux-oriented control system is sensitive to the variations of inductances. So there are detuned effects in torque and flux. They are remarkable in the field-weakening region. In this paper, a simple online tuning scheme for indirect rotor flux-oriented control systems is proposed. Detuned effects caused by inductance variations are shown and a simple online tuning scheme of them is proposed. Inductances are identified and tuned by only stator flux and stator current. The proposed scheme is effective not only in the constant torque region but also in the field-weakening region. The proposed online tuning scheme is confirmed by the simulation and experiment results.


In 2001, the New Jersey Division of Mental Health Services funded the Integrated Employment Institute (IEI). Providing services in the 11 southern counties of New Jersey, IEI's mission is to make employment a higher priority among community mental health services. This article will discuss training and system change techniques employed by IEI, designed around a Social Learning Theory paradigm, with special emphasis on the benefits of providing direct employment services as a key training strategy. Direct service provides a unique opportunity to positively influence mental health practitioners' attitudes, knowledge, and skills related to employment. When combined with traditional methods of instruction, direct service can provide an effective means of facilitating the successful transfer of training. Interventions used by IEI staff members are presented and case studies exemplifying these strategies are included.


Early changes in cardiac function due to ischemia may be detected by global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLS). Till date, no Indian data exist regarding role of GLS in stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD) and data showing correlation of GLS and SYNTAX score (SS) is meager in world literature. Our aim was to ascertain the role of GLS in SIHD.


This paper focuses on how the system behavior of highly reliable telecommunications systems can be characterized with respect to the distribution of outage durations and the escalating recovery mechanisms implemented in the system. We develop models that can be used to predict the outage distributions and identify measures that are required for a stable system.


A method, an antenna, and a system for determining positions for reflectio n points using microwaves. An electromagnetic wave signal is generated at a defined frequency, and transmitted by an anten ...


Title ON THE MECHANISM OF THE APPEARANCE OF THE SCALE STRUCTURE:III. On the Regeneration of the Scales of the Crucian Carp, Carassius carassius (L.) when They are reared with the Different Food Author(s) SAITO, Saburo Citation 北海道大學水産學部研究彙報 = BULLETIN OF THE FACULTY OF FISHERIES HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 5(4): 332-335 Issue Date 1955-02 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/22881 Type bulletin File Information 5(4)_P332-335.pdf


The NH2-terminal 134 amino-acid fragment of the reduced-carbamidomethylated human somatropin molecule is found to react noncovalently with the COOH-terminal 51 amino-acid fragment in solutions of pH 8.4 at 2 degrees to restore full biological activity as evidenced by the rat tibia and pigeon crop-sac assays. In addition, circular dichroism spectra of the recombinant show the conformation to be completely repaired in comparison with that of the native hormone.


Leaf biochemical concentrations influence both leaf and canopy spectra at their absorption bands. Leaf scale model PROSPECT, canopy scale model SAIL and their coupled model PROSAIL are used to generate simulated reflectance an transmittance spectra to study the influence of biochemical concentrations. Three biochemical input variables of PROSPECT model, concentration of chlorophyll, leaf water and dry matters, are studied in this paper. Figures show that their influences on both leaf reflectance spectra and canopy reflectance spectra are similar. The influence of chlorophyll is located at visible region, leaf water at near infrared region especially centered at 1400 nm and 1900 nm, and dry matters at near infrared region especially at some reflectance peaks. Reflectance at canopy scale is generally less than that at leaf scale. Other non-biochemical factors also influence the spectra at both scales and some of them may cover biochemical signals in canopy reflectance spectra to some extent.


This study investigated the nature of secondary school students' and teachers' conceptions of what mathematics is, the purposes of school mathematics, and the outcomes'of school mathematics. Interviews were conducted with a sample of grades 10, 11, and 12 students (n=40), teachers (n=19), counselors (n=2), and administrators (n=2) from a large government secondary school and an independent girls' school in the metropolitan area of a large Australian city. Analysis of the interview data revealed many students and teachers held broad views of the content or discipline of mathematics, while their interpretations of mathematics within a wider sociocultural context reflected additional, influential, personally and socially derived factors. Four main interwoven and overlapping factors were identified: social status of mathematics, utility of mathematics, career aspirations, and interest or disintereLL in mathematics. The existence of these factors indicates that what it means to 'understand' mathematics is related to both a context and an individual's interpretation of a context. Thus, findings indicate that what mathematics education researchers identify as relevant research problems might not be problems from the perspective of mathematics learners or practicing classroom teachers. Contains 25 references. (Author/MKR) * A:.AAA AAA:. AA:,A;,AAAAAA:.:.AAA:,AAAA:.kA:,AA:.A.,*A,.*A1:;::::: Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** * Secondary School Mathematics in Perspective: Conceptions of its Nature and Relevance Sandra Frid and Loren White Science and Mathematics Education Centre Curtin University of Technology PO Box U1987 Perth, Western Australia Australia 6001 A paper prepared for the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association; San Francisco, 18-22 April 1995 U S DEPARTOAEN T OF EDUCATION Cv Al. NA to I NI HVA. I NU I, ,,,IaJ .... I .1 .1 PERMISSION 10 REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY 10 THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER ERIc)


This study describes the variations in the chemical composition of the exhaust at various air-fuel ratios when toluene, toluene-n-heptane mixture, and isooctane are used as fuels in a Labeco single cylinder engine. The exhaust products from toluene are divided into three groups: those which decrease as the equivalence ratio is increased: toluene, benzene, methane, and dimethylacetylene; those which increase with increasing equivalence ratio: benzaldehyde, and products which exhibit a maximum at an equivalence ratio of 1, then decrease: acetylene, ethyl acetylene, ethyl benzene, and styrene. Combustion of the mixture of 25 volume percent n-heptane in toluene reveals interesting information, compared to emissions from pure toluene: concentrations of ethyl benzene, styrene, and dimethylacetylene surprisingly are increased by factors of 1.9, 1.9, and 2.1 respectively, probably because reactive radicals derived from heptane interact with toluene to form unsaturated molecules. Ethyl acetylene, benzene, and benz...


The RosettaNet consortium aligns its diffusion strategies with its development processes while adapting them to the local conditions in the home countries of its member organizations.


Objective:To investigate the apoptosis and its mechanism induced by cetuximab combined with hypothermia in CNE cells.Methods:The working concentration of cetuximab was defined as its inhibiting concentration(IC)(20~30%) at 48 hours action a-gainst CNE which was determined by MTT assay.Apoptosis was assayed by fluorescent Hocehst 33258 staining and flow cytometry(FCM) in four experimental groups:control group without treatment,cetuximab(T) or hyperthermia(H)(43℃,30min)alone,cetuximab combined with hypothermia(TH).The expression of Bcl-2,Bax,EGFR proteins were determined by Western Blot.Results:A working concentration of Cetuximab at 10 μg/ml was obtained and subsequently used in all experiments.Characteristical changes of apoptosis in cells were observed in all the experient groups,especially in TH group;FCM also showed more prominent apoptosis induced by TH group than the control,T and H group.Western Blot analysis indicated that the expression of the proteins Bax has significantly increased while Bcl-2 decreased by the treatment.EGFR decreased gradually after treatment by hypothermia.Conclusion:Cetuximab combined with hypothermia synergistically increases the apoptosis in CNE cells,possibly through the Bax up-regulation and Bcl-2 down-regulation by EGFR down-regulation.


bjective:To analyse the factors affecting the treatment of male infertility by artificial inseminationwith frozen donor′s semen.Design :Clinical study.Setting:The Male Clinical Research Laboratory of National Research Institute for Family Plannin.Subjects :Forty- eight infertile couples due to male factors were studied.The wives had normal repro-ductive function.Methods:Artificial inseminations were performed with frozen donor′s semen for 6 cycles.Results:After treatment the pregnancy rate was 62.5%,the successful rate per cycle was 21.4%andabortion rate was 3.3%.the cumulative pregnancy rate was 63.65%at end of 6th month.Twenty- six of30 pregnant women were conceived within the first 3 treatment cycles with an average of 1.9±1.1 treat-ment cycles.Conclusion :The successful rate tends to declive with the increase of women's age.In addition ,thewives′normal reproductive function and continuous treatment for several cycles are essential factors affectingthe pregnancy rate.


Mesoscopic structures of 5,5′-dichloro-3,3′-disulfopropyl thiacyanine (TC) J aggregates in aqueous electrolyte solution were characterized by using fluorescence microscopy, microspectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The aggregates formed large strings and rods, several tens of micrometres in length and sub-micrometres in width. The aggregates showed a spontaneous morphology transformation from a string to a rod structure when they were kept (or "aged") in the solution, and the transformation was promoted
 by the addition of an electrolyte (NaCl). This is the first observation of the dynamic transformation of the
 morphologies of J aggregates in solution. Fluorescence microscopy under polarized light excitation indicated
 that the string-like J aggregates had a molecular alignment in which the long axis of the constituent TC molecules was approximately parallel to that of the string, whereas the rod-like aggregates had randomly arranged structural units (or domains) that had well-ordered molecular structure with the spectroscopic
 characteristics of J aggregates. Atomic force microscopy revealed that each rod-like J aggregate was an ensemble of striated domains. A packing geometry of TC arising from the flexibility of the charged sulfopropyl substituents could cause the morphology transformation of the mesoscopic aggregates. In situ
 fragmentation and transformation of a J aggregate structure induced by photoirradiation was also demonstrated.


The investigation of the proton even-odd effects in prompt emission in fission for even-Z actinides revealed basic features of the global even-odd effect in prompt emission similar with those in fission fragment yields and some particular aspects, such as: (1) the even-odd effects in prompt emission are the result of two contributions: a dominant intrinsic even-odd effect due to the even-odd nuclear character of fragments reflected in their properties and a weak even-odd effect caused by the fragment distributions (over which the multi-parametric matrices are averaged); (2) oscillations with a periodicity of about 5 mass units are present in different prompt emission quantities corresponding to even-Z and odd-Z fragmentations independent on the size of the even-odd effect in the charge yield Y(Z). These oscillations are due to the periodicity of nuclear properties of fragments; (3) a local even-odd effect in prompt emission quantities has been recently investigated. Similarities between prompt emission quantities and fragment yields were found in the case of the local even-odd effect, too. The local even-odd effect in both fragment charge yields and prompt emission quantities exhibit a pronounced increase at asymmetry values corresponding to fragmentations in which the heavy fragment (Z = 50 and/or N = 82) or the light one (Z = 28) is magic.


: Paper presents simulation studies of the pelleting process in aspect of obtained pressures in the contact zone of pelletized material and die. This is an important issue from the point of view of the die construction (to determine the durability of the dies) as well as for the operation process (minimization of the machine's power). In this work, the Finite Element Method and implicit methods for integrating the object motion equation have been used to modelling the pelleting process. Results obtained from the simulation should be treated as an aid in the process of constructing pellet dies.


The purpose of this paper is to determine the discharge, speed and contraction coefficients for nozzle with three dimensions of diameter. To determine the speed of water jet at the nozzle exit, were measured the impact forces between the water jet and a flat and rigid surface in the potential core region of the water jets. In order to measure the impact forces of water jet, were designed and built a stand for generating pressure jets, as well as a device to measure the impact force.


We report on first observation of spin noise in a strongly birefringent semiconductor -- halide perovskite single crystal MAPbI$_3$. The observed spin noise resonance is ascribed to free holes with a record spin dephasing time of 4 ns. The spin dynamics is found to be affected by the residual light absorption of the crystal providing renormalization of the Larmor frequency. Extended spin noise spectroscopy with rotating magnetic field allowed us not only to evaluate the $g$-factor anisotropy, but also to distinguish two different spin subsystems tentatively associated to twinning of the crystal.


Abstract Neutropenia is a rare complication associated with vancomycin, and the cause of this adverse reaction is not well understood. We report a case of vancomycin-induced neutropenia in which we were able to demonstrate anti-granulocyte antibodies. We also report the results of a bone marrow examination along with a brief review of the literature.


Objective: The objective of this research is to explore the personal and organizational factors that lead to innovation among social entrepreneurs in Mexico. Research Design & Methods: The study includes 81 social entrepreneurs from different regions of Mexico. A questionnaire was developed taking into account five factors: creativity, autonomy, tasks, and roles of the entrepreneur and the innovation of the process and product or service. We used the quantitative approach, with structural equations. The method used was partial least squares. The research model was tested and finally the relationship between variables were confirmed. Findings: The relationship between the personal and organizational variables of the social entrepreneur on product or service innovation was verified. The social entrepreneur innovates to reach proposed goals. The mediation analysis was significative and provided new research patterns for future study. Implications & Recommendations: It is necessary to sensitise the different governmental and non-governmental sectors that promote social entrepreneurship in Mexico. Social entrepreneurship education could contribute to address the economic and labour short-age in Mexico. Social entrepreneurship could be an alternative way for contributing to the development of the economy and employment, particularly in emerging markets. Contribution & Value Added: This article highlights the personal and organizational factors of social entrepreneurs in Mexico that were previously studied. It contributes to the literature in the understanding of the innovation process that happens inside the social enterprise led by the business owner or manager.


Research guide for students in the Early Childhood Education Program, The School Aged Education program, and interested parents and students. Resources for Educators, including Lesson planning, and resources for Special Education


The invention discloses a method for preparing beta-enriched decitabine precursor, which comprises the following steps: heating reflux of decitabine precursor crude product at the ratio of isomer alpha to beta being 1 to 0.8-2 in a mixed solvent containing water, organic solvent C1-C3 alcohol, acetone or tetrahydrofuran, cooling and filtering, filtrate condensation, crystallization, filtering, vacuum drying of filter cake, obtaining of the beta-enriched decitabine precursor at the ratio of the isomer alpha to beta being 1 to 7-18. After a protective group of the obtained beta-enriched decitabine precursor is removed, a high-yield and high purity decitabine is obtained.


Differential cross sections for jet photoproduction in the reaction ep → e jet X have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using 82.2 pb1 of integrated luminosity. Inclusive jet cross sections are presented as a function of the jet transverse energy, E T , for jets with E jet T > 17 GeV and pseudorapidity −1 < η < 2.5, in the γp centre-of-mass-energy range 142 < Wγp < 293 GeV. Scaled jet invariant cross sections are presented as a function of the dimensionless variable xT ≡ 2E T /Wγp for 〈Wγp〉 = 180 and 255 GeV. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations give a good description of the measured differential cross sections in both magnitude and shape. The ratio of scaled jet invariant cross sections at the two 〈Wγp〉 values shows clear non-scaling behaviour. A value for the strong coupling constant of αs(MZ) = 0.1224 ± 0.0001 (stat.) +0.0022 −0.0019 (exp.) +0.0054 −0.0042 (th.) has been extracted from a QCD analysis of the measured dσ/dE T . The variation of αs with E jet T is in good agreement with the running of αs as predicted by QCD. The ZEUS Collaboration S. Chekanov, D. Krakauer, J.H. Loizides, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, J. Repond, R. Yoshida Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4815 n M.C.K. Mattingly Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104-0380 P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, A. Margotti, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli, A. Zichichi University and INFN Bologna, Bologna, Italy e G. Aghuzumtsyan, D. Bartsch, I. Brock, S. Goers, H. Hartmann, E. Hilger, P. Irrgang, H.-P. Jakob, A. Kappes, U.F. Katz, O. Kind, E. Paul, J. Rautenberg, R. Renner, H. Schnurbusch, A. Stifutkin, J. Tandler, K.C. Voss, M. Wang, A. Weber Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany b D.S. Bailey, N.H. Brook, J.E. Cole, B. Foster, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath, S. Robins, E. Rodrigues, J. Scott, R.J. Tapper, M. Wing H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom m M. Capua, A. Mastroberardino, M. Schioppa, G. Susinno Calabria University, Physics Department and INFN, Cosenza, Italy e J.Y. Kim, Y.K. Kim, J.H. Lee, I.T. Lim, M.Y. Pac Chonnam National University, Kwangju, Korea g A. Caldwell, M. Helbich, X. Liu, B. Mellado, Y. Ning, S. Paganis, Z. Ren, W.B. Schmidke, F. Sciulli Nevis Laboratories, Columbia University, Irvington on Hudson, New York 10027 o J. Chwastowski, A. Eskreys, J. Figiel, K. Olkiewicz, P. Stopa, L. Zawiejski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Cracow, Poland i L. Adamczyk, T. Bo ld, I. Grabowska-Bo ld, D. Kisielewska, A.M. Kowal, M. Kowal, T. Kowalski, M. Przybycień, L. Suszycki, D. Szuba, J. Szuba Faculty of Physics and Nuclear Techniques, University of Mining and Metallurgy, Cracow, Poland p A. Kotański, W. S lomiński Department of Physics, Jagellonian University, Cracow, Poland


The ring cleavage of 4,5-ethylenedioxy-1,3-dithiole- and - 1,3-diselenole-2-thiones, followed by the reaction with 4,5-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-1,3-diselenole-2-one took place under the phosphite-mediated cross-coupling conditions to afford 2-thioxo- and 2-(selenoxomethylidene)-1,3-diselenoles. The structure of 4,5-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-2-(thioxoalkylidene)-1,3-diselenole was confirmed by X-ray analysis.


|CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) stands for the commitment the corporation has freely and very deliberately entered into as regards environmental, social and economic issues. This commitment is rooted in the corporation's philosophy and culture. Social commitment is contingent on economic success. To Continental, achieving sustainability means establishing an acceptable balance for all involved between the economic requirements of the corporation and the valid expectations of its interest groups. Treating people and the environment in a responsible manner plays a fundamental role in our success as a global corporation. As a partner to a large number of social groups, we support projects and campaigns beyond the actual activities of our corporation – for instance, in the fields of social improvement, safety, education, science and sports. We make systematic use of our decentralized organizational structure here, with strong levels of responsibility on site.


Several generations of scholars have consistently held that the author of Second Clement criticizes some form of Gnosticism. The two most recent commentaries on this writing arrive at strongly cont ...


For some decades, there has been agreement on the need to deepen studies on the cul- tural and scientific relations between the old European metropolises and their former co-lonies. For this reason, it was necessary to carry out a first review of how Spanish acade- mic geography has approached the Latin American question. Which authors have tried to study it, from which theories and works focused on territorial analysis. In this approach, two ways in which Spanish geographers have approached Latin America are discovered: the first, through general discourses ranging from paternalism, the justification of the colonial period or the denunciation of the plundering of the riches of the territories; the second, from a direct experience in some Latin American countries and universities. The resulting interpretations have been highly conditioned by the different stages that the recent history of Spain has gone through. In recent times, they respond to an economic interest in projecting a friendly image of the former colonial power, home to important multinational companies interested in the transatlantic business. The need to recover this link between the Hispanic or the Ibero-American constitutes the final argument of a work framed in history and the theory of Geography.


The invention discloses an identity verification method, equipment, and system, and belongs to the technical field of electronics. The method comprises the steps: monitoring broadcast information transmitted by at least one piece of authorized equipment in a preset time period; determining the authorized equipment participating in identity verification according to equipment identification information in each piece of broadcast information monitored in the preset time period, and determining the current credit level according to each piece of authorized equipment participating in identity verification; obtaining a verification mode corresponding to the current credit level; obtaining verification information matched with the verification mode corresponding to the current credit level, and carrying out identity verification according to the verification information. Through the monitoring of the broadcast information transmitted by at least one piece of authorized equipment in the preset time period, the identity verification is triggered, and the authorized equipment does not need to have a capability of scanning a two-dimension code. Therefore, the requirement for the configuration of the authorized equipment is very low. In addition, there is no need of frequent interaction with the authorized equipment, thereby improving the efficiency of identity verification.


According to the relative survey,the students in some of the vocational colleges usually lack of learning motivation.The study motivation mainly decides the efforts the students will take and the performance they will achieve in their studies.With gradual development in the reform,opening-up and the market economy,professional positions require higher and higher qualities of talents.The education of the vocational colleges is drawing much more attentions under this background.Therefore,how to cultivate the students' interest in their studies and to stimulate their motivations to learn more has become one of the most important tasks for the educators of universities,especially the educators of vocational colleges.


Over the next decade there is going to be a substantial change in the way forest products manufacturing industries do business. The economic forces responsible for these changes include the heightened economic competition that will result from the new world economy and the continued increase in the cost of both raw material and labor. These factors are going to force companies to seek methods for reducing costs, for increasing productivity, and for improving quality control. The primary vehicle that will help companies accomplish these cost cutting and quality control objectives is going to be the microcomputer. Over the next decade microcomputers should be developed that can execute several hundreds of thousands of instructions per second. Perhaps the greatest impact this technology will have is that it will make machine vision systems for locating and identifying defects in lumber economically feasible. Unfortunately, wood is a very, very heterogeneous material. Hence developing machine vision systems for locating and identifying defects is not going to be an easy task. This paper describes research aimed at creating a general purpose machine vision technology for the forest products manufacturing industry.


Review question / Objective: Clinical practice guideline development group systematic summary of research evidence, so they have the most capacity and energy to identify research priorities. We systematically evaluated the reporting form and content of research priorities in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) related to knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Information sources: We searched 6 databases including PubMed, Embase, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. In addition, The official websites of 40 authoritative orthopedic societies, rheumatology societies and guideline development organizations were additionally searched.


The article presents two complementary aspects in working with people with disabilities: areas of psychological work with young people and a program of psychological and pedagogical support for families raising young people with disabilities on the basis of a comprehensive social services center for the population. This program allows you to create organizational and professional conditions for systematic activities on the psychological and pedagogical support of families raising young people with disabilities. The program involves increasing the psychological and pedagogical competence of parents in matters of education, development and socialization of young people with disabilities, involving parents in joint activities with young people with disabilities, aimed at forming a regular social circle. The specifics of the program «From heart to heart» is both simultaneous interaction of children and parents, and events separately for parents and young people.


Riverbeds in the Mt. Merapi area are dominated by gravel originating from Mt. Merapi. The 2010 Mt. Merapi eruption has formed a riverbed consisting of sediments of various size. Since then, the morphology of the rivers has changed dynamically, depending upon the natural and the anthropogenic factors. Most of the rivers drain into the Progo River, whereas the main river system of Progo River drains into the Indian Ocean. The dynamics of the tributaries of volcanic rivers along the Progo River are the major concern to identify the capacity of the tributaries against potential lahar flow disasters that may occur. This paper presents the results of a series of observations of several tributaries of the volcanic rivers, taking into account the natural flow phenomena as well as the sediment mining activity along the river under investigation. The investigation included the hydraulic simulation, which employed a numerical model. The results of the simulation showed that the downstream part of the Progo River is influenced by sediment from Mt. Merapi through its tributaries. These also suggest cost-effective river tributary maintenance to mitigate the risks of lahar flow disasters.


Abstract : The objective of the study was to investigate experimentally and theoretically non-thermal (and some thermal) effects of alternating electrical fields on biological structures. A theoretical investigation into electrical means for the rapid thawing of frozen blood was also initiated.


Gametogenesis plays an important role in the reproduction and evolution of species. The transcriptomic and epigenetic alterations in this process can influence the reproductive capacity, fertilization, and embryonic development. The rapidly increasing single-cell studies have provided valuable multi-omics resources. However, data from different layers and sequencing platforms have not been uniformed and integrated, which greatly limits their use for exploring the molecular mechanisms that underlie oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Here, we developed GametesOmics, a comprehensive database that integrated the data of gene expression, DNA methylation, and chromatin accessibility during oogenesis and spermatogenesis in humans and mice. GametesOmics provides a user-friendly website and various tools, including Search and Advanced Search for querying the expression and epigenetic modification of each gene; Analysis Tools with Differentially Expressed Gene (DEG) analysis for identifying DEGs, Correlation analysis for demonstrating the genetic and epigenetic changes, Visualization for displaying single-cell cluster and screening marker genes as well as master transcription factors (TFs), and MethylView for studying the genomic distribution of epigenetic modifications. GametesOmics also provides Genome Browser and Orthologs for tracking and comparing gene expression, DNA methylations, as well as chromatin accessibilities between humans and mice. GametesOmics offers a comprehensive resource for biologists and clinicians to decipher the cell fate transition in germ cell development, and can be accessed at http://gametesomics.cn/.


21± 24 March, 2002 (with Satellite Meetings: 20-21 March, 2002, on Bicarbonate Transporters, Nucleoside Transporters and Na/H Exchangers ). The Banff Centre, Banff, Alberta, Canada. Dr. Joe Casey, Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Faculty of Medicine, Room 721, Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada T6G 2H7. Phone +1 780 492 7203; Fax +1 780 492 8915; E-mail: joe.casey@ ualberta.ca Website http:// www.csbmcb.ca/2001meeting Lessons from the Type II family of G-protein Coupled Receptors; Ligands, Receptor Structure and Function


The Orff music method has been internationally practiced and recognized as one of the leading music methods in the past fifty years. The success of this approach is that this method encourages all students participating in the designed music activities in the music class to interact with the teacher and other classmates using the Orff approach rather than the traditional one-way music learning approach in the traditional music classroom in Asia. While the children are situated within an environment where music activities and bodily movements are stimulated, the children's aesthetic music knowledge can be influenced significantly (Carlson, 1990). In this study, there were a total number of 180 3rd graders from three elementary schools in Taiwan who participated in this research. The control group which consisted of three classes with a total number of 90 students was the class using the traditional music method taught by a regular classroom teacher, while the experimental group, which consisted of another three classes with a total number of 90 students, was the class taught using the Orff music method by the researcher. The study was controlled in the sense that the six music classes were ascertained to be of equal ability in their understanding of music before the experimental factor was applied. As well, there were no significant differences in age or mental capacity, while the difference in genders was only minimal. The results of this research revealed that not only did the students who had the Orff music method training perform better than the traditional music method on both melodic patterns dictation and music reading tests, but the Orff training also helped the experimental students to have a solid understanding of rhythmic structures and basic music knowledge.


It is proved in this note that if the scalar curvature of an n-dimensional algebraic complex submanifold is bigger than n2, then it is totally geodesic.


An abundant class of exoplanetary systems likely doesn't harbor life on the moons of its largest planets. An abundant class of exoplanetary systems likely doesn't harbor life on the moons of its largest planets.


Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been making progress in many ways. DNNs are typically used to model complex nonlinearity of high-dimensional data in regression or classification problems. As DNNs contain additional hidden layers, they generally improve performance but increase the number of parameters to train, thereby extending the learning time. Many studies, such as those employing Dropout and regularization methods, have undertaken to solve these problems. The method proposed in this paper is an additive ensemble neural networks (AENNs), by which a boosting mechanism of an ensemble methodology is applied to the neural networks instead of regularization techniques. That is, the model by AENNs is obtained by sequentially combining several simple shallow network models. Experiments showed that AENNs yield better results than conventional DNNs and machine learning methods for regression and classification problems, thereby alleviating the troublesome model complexity issue.


Relaxation and guided imagery is a distraction technique known to reduce discomfort during paediatric medical procedures. We examined whether its use decreased the stress experienced by 11‐ to 12‐year‐old girls receiving the human papilloma virus vaccination, as well as the intensity and unpleasantness of any pain.


The Global Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Sinemurian, the second stage of the Lower Jurassic (Lias), is exposed in the cliff north of the village of East Quantoxhead, around 6 km east of Watchet, in the administrative district of West Somerset, southwestern England. The boundary level is 0.90 m above the base of Bed 145 coinciding with the first appearance of the genera Vermiceras (V. quantoxense, V. palmeri) and Metophioceras (M. sp. indet. 1). The basal ammonite assemblage of the Sinemurian in the GSSP is earlier than all other assemblages known elsewhere in Europe. In Europe, a stratigraphical gap between both stages is generally present. Correlation with other faunal provinces is possible using the first appearance of Metophioceras s. str.


In this article, a multi-objective control u(t) is designed for stochastic model reference systems to achieve the following three objectives simultaneously: the pole placement constraint, H ∞-norm constraint and individual error state variance constraint. Using the invariance property of sliding mode control, the reference model input and the plant error term will disappear on the sliding mode of the error system. By combining the upper bound covariance control theory, pole placement skill and H ∞-norm control theory, a controller, in which the control feedback gain matrix is synthesised utilising linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach, is derived to achieve the above multiple objectives. Furthermore, a practical example for the problem of ship yaw-motion systems is adopted to illustrate the proposed method.


The urban transport in the agglomeration of Tunis to is crossroads: the offer of collective transport stagnates, the network of tram created in the Eighties reached saturation, the bus network sees its performances being degraded notably, the urban roadway system whose capacity remains limited, knows an increasing congestion because of a very fast progression, during ten last years, motorization, phenomenon which was supported by the fall of the prices of acquisition of the private cars and the rise to power of the middle class. Regarding this degradation the Tunisian Authorities prepare an ambitious project of development of collective transport whose objectives are to slow down degradation on behalf of this means of transport and to improve the functionality of the agglomeration through the service road by a grid system multimode arranged hierarchically and integrated. In addition to the preparation of the project, the authorities will be confronted with the problems of the financing and the implementation of the project and an increased mobilization of new tax resources.


Nowadays,Large or small companyare drovetouse scienceand technology to support theoperational . In this research softwareorInformationSystems are made forParkingServices. This parking applicationcan facilitatecorporate leadersin monitoringthe results ofparking reportat any time.This software aredesigned by usingAdobeFlash, and made byVisual Basicprogramming, SeagateCrystal ReportwithMicrosoft OfficeAccessdatabase. With this parking systemsoftwareparking service will be betterin terms of security, speed, and parking management. Keywords: Information System , The Parking Information System,Parking Management.


In the 1950s in China, equality between the genders seemed an accepted fact because of government-decreed policies which were strictly enforced. Then, in the 1980s, with the relaxing of centralized enforcement, some old habits and even feudal traditions began to creep back. At the same time, education, science, and technology advanced at an unprecedented rate, opening up new opportunities for all sectors of society. In Chinese higher education the natural sciences have always enjoyed a larger enrollment than the social sciences, attracting both men and women, but physics has always had the lowest ratio of women. Since the establishment of the IUPAP Working Group on Women in Physics, there has been an increasing awareness in China that women physicists now face certain difficulties and prejudices that have resurfaced, and that something should and can be done about this. After the First IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics in 2002, the Chinese Physical Society (CPS) in Beijing set up a Working Group on Women in Physics with 13 representatives, including two men, from research institutions, universities, high school, and industry. We meet every year at the CPS Annual Meeting, and informally whenever we have the chance, networking with other women in physics. On the basis of collected data and discussions, we began to assess the status of women in physics at all levels and to identify the key issues that need to be addressed. One prominent point is the gradual decrease of women at the top in research positions (see "New Challenges for Women Physicists in a Rapidly Changing China," by Ling-An Wu, in the Plenary Papers section of these Proceedings). This is a relatively complicated problem that cannot be solved in the short term because it involves government and institutional policies, as well as funding agencies. We therefore decided to begin by doing whatever was possible within our own means, and to progress step by step. We had interviews with the press, gave talks to other women, and took part in other women-in-science activities, such as the 2002 Sino-Italian Conference on Women in Science, and a Cafe Scientifique on the topic "Why don't women win more Nobel Prizes?" in conjunction with the debut of the Chinese translation of the biography of Dorothy Hodgkin in 2004. We wrote articles, organized women physicists to give talks to schoolchildren, and did our best to promote in general the image of women physicists to the public. The media also helped substantially with their coverage of Fang-Hua Li's winning of the L'OREALUNESCO Prize in 2003 for her contributions to electron microscopy (Figure 1). In the annual physics competition for high school students, certain provinces have now started to award a special prize for the highest-scoring girl participant. These efforts have served as a timely prelude to the 2005 World Year of Physics (WYP), which we hope will be reaching out to an increasingly larger number of girls across the country. A major undertaking of the CPS for 2005WYP has been the design and printing of 700 sets of 52 posters on physics for the public. Of these, two posters honor the contributions of women physicists, one for those in China (Poster No 27; Figure 2) and one for those in foreign countries including Madame Chien-Shiung Wu (Poster No 21). One of the first features of the year was the March issue of Physics, the popular journal of the CPS. Articles about the experiences of women physicists were commissioned from an experimentalist in a research institute, a university professor, a graduate student, and an undergraduate student. In commemoration of March 8, International Women's Day, every March issue will contain articles by and about women physicists. FIGURE 1. Fang-Hua Li, winner of the 2003 L'OREAL-UNESCO Prize for material science.


Submitted for the DPP08 Meeting of The American Physical Society Effect of Plasma Shaping Magnetic Field Coil on RMF Plasmas XIAOKANG YANG, YURI PETROV, TIAN-SEN HUANG, Prairie View A&M University — Experiments focusing on the response of plasma parameters to the change of external magnetic field have been conducted in 40 ms RMF plasma discharges, by using a magnetic coil in the mid-plane of the cylindrical chamber rotamak. The feeding current in the middle coil can be programmed to have different pulse duration, amplitude and triggering time. When the current in the middle coil is below a threshold level of 600A, plasma current responds with a growth to the increase of coil current. Depending on the initial conditions, plasma current can be enhanced by a maximum 3.1 kA; the peak plasma current is about 250% of the original plasma current. When middle coil is energized with current below disruptive level, in most area of plasma column ne increases significantly with Ip, but there is only small change in Te. In FRC regime, MHD instability can be completely suppressed by feeding middle coil with suitable current and triggering time. Xiaokang Yang Prairie View A&M University Date submitted: 16 Jul 2008 Electronic form version 1.4


In this paper, a theoretical model describing the surface superfluidity in 4 He- 3 He mixture films is proposed to obtain an expression for the potential energy of vortex pairs in the presence of 3 He. The static recursion relations as well as the dynamical delectric function are then derived using this form of potential energy. The period shift 2△P/P and the dissipation Q -1 for the torsional oscillator near T C are calculated theoretically and compared with the experimental results of McQueeney et al.