In developed economies, production requires not only such traditional factors as capital and labor but also skills, organizational structures and processes, culture, and other factors collectively referred to as "intangible assets." Detailed investigation of some of these types of assets has found that they are often large in magnitude and have important productivity benefits. For example, Dale Jorgenson and Barbara Fraumeni found that the stock of human capital in the U.S. economy dwarfs that of physical capital and has grown over time. Bronwyn Hall, Zvi Griliches, and Baruch Lev and Theodore Sougiannis found evidence that research and development (R&D) assets bring benefits in the form of positive marginal product and market valuation. Timothy Bresnahan, Brynjolfsson, and Hitt have found that certain organizational practices, when combined with investments in information technology (IT), were associated with significant increases in productivity in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Investors also attempt to incorporate intangible assets into their valuation of firms, and this is one reason that the market value of a firm may differ markedly from the value of its tangible assets alone. In particular, stock market valuations of firms have increasingly diverged from their measured book value in the past decade or so. Part of the explanation may be the growing use of IT and the associated investments in intangible


E-mail is one of the most significant components or applications of the internet. Without e-mail, the internet would be useless. E-mail is a convenient and speedy method of communication. Email is a common way for people to exchange personal and professional information. Spam emails and non-spam emails are the two forms of emails. The purpose of spam email detection is to distinguish spam from valid e-mail. Spam is typically defined as uninvited or unwelcome email messages. The majority of spam emails contain viruses or other dangerous software that can cause computer and network malfunctions, use network bandwidth and storage space, and cause email servers to slow down. Because of the increase in the abundance of information, spam has become a big issue for internet users in recent years. Email phishing is detected and prevented using text mining techniques. Phishers trick people into providing personal information by sending fake emails and visiting fraudulent websites. Because of the increase in the volume of unwanted emails, there is an urgent need for the development of more dependable and robust email systems. Every day, email users receive hundreds of spam emails with unique content from anonymous addresses generated by robot software agents. This paperwork focusses to compare the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 of the following algorithms: KNN, SVM. Nave bias and Random forest using emails as input.


This paper investigates application of piezoelectri c ceramics mounted on surface of mould to monitor flow front and curing phases of resin in Re sin Transfer Moulding (RTM) process. The piezoelectric ceramic is used for both generating u ltrasound and measuring energy of echoed ultrasonic wave at the interface of mould and resin . One of the advantages of this method is that the piezoelectric ceramic can be integrated with el ectronic circuits in one package, including pulser, signal conditioning, data processing and co mmunication circuits, to make a miniaturized smart sensor. A cost-effective monitoring system ca n be built by employing the integrated sensors. An experimental system comprising pulse generation circuitry for driving piezoelectric ceramic and ultrasonic energy measurement circuitry has been built and used in proof of concept experiments. Results of the experiments show effect iveness of bare piezoelectric ceramics in monitoring flow front of resin and curing phases of resin during an RTM process.


This article asks the question: What does the term status mean with regard to women without legal status in Israel? Ostensibly, status represents a sovereign state's formal classification system. In practice, however—according to the accounts of statusless women, civil society activists, and welfare and health officials, as analyzed in this article—status, or its lack thereof, is not a one-off, absolute condition, but an ephemeral and vulnerable position. This article examines two concurrent processes: the blurring of boundaries between status and statuslessness; and the process of differentiating groups of racialized, undesired, and unwelcomed women foreigners: Palestinian women residents of the Occupied Palestinian Territories; asylum-seeking women from Africa; and women from the Former Soviet Union, who have either been trafficked by the sex industry, or separated from their Israeli-citizen spouse before completing their naturalization. Drawing on feminist and critical race renditions of bare life, we explore the ways in which statusless women are positioned in relation to violent power. Moving away from a polarized and emancipatory discussion of legality, we argue that in the absence of full access to legal status, the body may serve as a more fitting alternative in the analysis of abandonment and violence.


Objective: To investigate family members' experiences of involvement in a previous study (conducted August 1995 to June 1997) following their child's diagnosis with Ewing's sarcoma.


To epitaxially grow graphene, metallic catalysts or carbon containing silicon carbide have been typically utilized. The embedded metallic catalyst between graphene and the substrate as well as the expensive silicon carbide substrate create hurdles in the development of graphene-based devices. However, what is inevitably necessary is not a metallic catalyst but a flat plane able to hold the carbon species and to mediate their interaction on the plane. The plane needs neither to hold a large amount of carbon species nor be a highly efficient catalyst because one monolayer of carbon on the plane may be enough to grow graphene. In this study, graphene was grown directly on various substrates such as transparent substrates, insulators, and semiconductors without any catalyst. The directly grown graphene is triangular nano-graphene with sides of 100–200 nm in length. This study suggests that graphene can be directly grown on all substrates.


Swyer–James–MacLeod syndrome (SJMS) is a rare syndrome of acute obliterative bronchiolitis following an early childhood infective insult to the lungs. This causes arrest of alveolarization, affecting lung development with hypoplasia of the ipsilateral pulmonary artery and results in a characteristic radiological pattern, such as a unilateral hyperlucent lung with expiratory air‐trapping and pruned‐tree appearance on pulmonary angiogram. The clinical presentation is either recurrent chest infections, exertional dyspnoea or it may be an incidental finding. Management involves early prevention of infection, airway clearance, and regular vaccinations.


Homoeopathy is estimated to be used by approximately 500 million users worldwide. It is bicentennial medical system based on enormous of data collected from time to time through human experimentation in the form of Materia Medica. After a series of experiments, on family members, friends, disciples and students, Hahnemann collected all the data and very elaborately wrote the treatises called 'Materia Medica', 'Chronic Diseases' and 'Organon'.[1] Historically, the principle of similarity has also been experimented in the past by Schulz[2] where it was reported that various kinds of poisons when given in low doses have a slightly stimulatory effect.[3]


Principal Visionary Leadership in Public Junior High Schools in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Objectives: This study aimed to: identify whether Lampung Public Junior High School (SMPN) principals exhibit all seven domains of visionary leadership style, examine relationships between the domains, and examine significant difference in teachers' perceptions on principal visionary leadership style according to both teacher gender and certification. Methods: Quantitative research design was used with a questionnaire completed by 341 out of 500 teachers (68%). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and t-test. Findings: The principals exhibited all the seven domains which were positively and significantly correlated, with no significant differences in their perceptions on the principal visionary leadership style according to both teacher gender and certification. Conclusion: Principals need to exhibit all seven domains of visionary leadership style to help them be effective principals.


○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ in TENGBOCHE hile gala celebrations continued in Kathmandu, Tengboche marked the 50 anniversary of the first ascent of Sagarmatha with a prayer ceremony on Thursday in memory of those who died on the mountain. Edmund Hillary's son, Peter, was chief guest at the ceremony, and in a rousing speech he said development was a bit like climbing Mt Everest. "Both need dedication and teamwork, and with that nothing is impossible," Peter Hillary told a gathering of 1,000 local Sherpas and visitors. It was a brilliantly clear day in Tengboche, with an elegantly tilted Ama Dablam looking down approvingly on the monastery. To the north, the summit of Mt Everest peeped over the Lhotse-Nuptse ridge with a plume of spindrift blowing off the summit ridge. On the south side, climbers have been waiting out high winds and may make a push on Thursday night itself when the winds are expected to ease. Summit of summiteers


Metallization is a crucial step in microelectronic device fabrication. Stress in metal thin films causes yield and reliability problems. In severe cases, improperly controlled stress results in delamination of the metal film. This project systematically studied the intrinsic stresses in titanium tungsten (TiW) and gold (Au) films as a function of deposition conditions. The metal films were deposited on 2-inch <001> silicon wafers. Measuring the change in radius of curvature of the Si wafer after metal deposition derived stresses and the thickness of the metal film deposited. This information is important towards controlling the stresses in the metal film to minimize the shear force at the metal/semiconductor interface, improving device reliability.


Constructed wetlands are natural systems of wastewater treatment and supply, which remove pollutants by aquatic macrophytes and the biofilm formed in the roots of these plants attached to a support medium. This method of treatment has the advantage of low cost of implantation and maintenance, saving of electricity during its operation, besides being efficient in the removal of pollutants. The pollutants that have generated great concern due to the risks to human health and the environment are endocrine disrupters. These substances are increasingly present in the environment, especially in water bodies, and can cause cancer in humans and animals, mutagenicity in the reproductive organs of animal species present in aquatic biota, sterility in men, among other adverse health effects. Therefore, the presence of these substances in wastewater has raised great concern and the use of methods to remove them is extremely relevant and important. In this context, the present project aimed to evaluate the efficiency of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands, in bench scale, in the retention/removal of endocrine disruptors: bisphenol A (BPA), ethinylestradiol (EE2) and levonorgestrel (LNG), added to synthetic wastewater previously prepared. Four different types of wetlands were used: three containing gravel as support medium, one cultivated with Cyperus isocladus (WL1), one without macrophyte (WL2), and another cultivated with Eichhornia crassipes (WL3); the fourth wetland (WLC) had besides gravel, bamboo charcoal (Dendrocalamus asper) as support medium, and was cultivated with the same WL1 macrophyte. The toxicity of the synthetic wastewater, the adsorption in the medium used, and the absorption of the endocrine disruptors by the macrophytes were also evaluated. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic carbon, solids series, nitrogen series, and total phosphorus, as well as the amount of biomass and macro and micronutrient concentrations in the macrophytes, were also evaluated. The mean retentions of BPA were 80.7 (± 6%) at WLC, to WL1 was 42.3 (± 16.8%), at WL2 30.2 (± 19.5%) and for WL3 20.0 (± 21.1%). For EE2 the mean retentions were 85.2 (± 3.4%) to WLC, 51.4 (± 9.7%) to WL1, 23.3 (± 17.6%) to WL2 and 55.4 (± 4.3%) at WL3. For the hormone LNG the WLC obtained retention of 82.7 (± 5.0%), 74.2 (± 9.3%) in WL1, 81.2 (± 5.0%) in WL2 and, 82.8 (± 6.8) at WL3. With the results obtained, it can be concluded that the constructed wetlands evaluated are efficient systems for the treatment of endocrine disruptors in wastewater, and can be used to mitigate this type of environmental contamination.


To investigate the effects of porcine Ghrelin(pGhrelin), a newly discovered peptide on porcine preadipocyte Caspase-3 activity and gene expression, piglet subcutaneous preadipocytes treated with 0, 1, 10 and 100 nmol/L pGhrelin were cultured for 48 h, and preadipocyte morphology was observed under an inverted biological microscope, the effects of preadipocyte prolifaration was mesured by MTT, preadipocyte Caspase-3 activity was detected with spectrophotometric method, Caspase-3 gene expression level was determined using real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR.10 nmol/L pGhrelin significantly decreased preadipocyte Caspase-3 activity and mRNA expression level(P 0.05), 100 nmol/L pGhrelin significantly promoted porcine preadipocyte proliferation compared to control group(P 0.01).pGhrelin downregulated Caspase-3 activity and expression mRNA of porcine preadipocyte, induced preadipocyte proliferation and inhibited apoptosis.Caspase-3 dependent apoptosis regulation signalling was supposed to be involved in the apoptosis mechanism.


Nonexponential asymptotics for solutions of two specific defective renewal equations are obtained. These include the special cases of asymptotics for a compound geometric distribution and the convolution of a compound geometric distribution with a distribution function. As applications of these results, we study the asymptotic behavior of the demographic birth rate of females, the perpetual put option in mathematics of finance, and the renewal function for terminating renewal processes.


The Internet has an immense power to catalyze social awareness through the free exchange of ideas. This power is so threatening to repressive regimes that censorship has become a central point in their agendas. The dissidents are cloaking their activity with anti-censorship systems. The censors have become well aware of this, and they are systematically finding and blocking all the entry points to these networks. The idea of Message In A Bottle is to abandon of having a limited number of entry points.


Objective:To investigate the possible role of early growth response factor -1(EGR-1) in liver injury due to taurocholate sodium-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.Methods:Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e. group A, B, C and D. Normal Saline was injected into common bile duct(CBD) of group A, and taurocholate sodium solutions with different concentrations were injected into CBD of group B, C and D, respectively. After the injection 3 h, all animals were sacrificed and the sample of their blood and livers were harvested. Another 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e. group E, F, G, H and I. These animals were injected with 5% taurocholate sodium and then sacrificed in 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after the injection, respectively. Serum levels of AST, LDH, TNF-αand IL-1βwere measured and immunohistochemistry staining of EGR-1 on liver paraffin section were observed and assayed with semi-quantitative method.Results:(1) As the concentration of taurocholate sodium increased, the levels of AST, LDH, TNF-αand IL-1β increased, and EGR-1 staining became more and more intense. (2) Positive staining of EGR-1 in liver was more intense in severe acute pancreatitis model; furthermore, EGR-1 staining sites were different among various acute pancreatitis models. The number of positive staining cells and intracellular sites of EGR-1 appeared notable difference in livers harvested at different time after pancreatitis induction. Maximal EGR-1 staining emerged in 3 h after pancreatitis induction.Conclusion:EGR-1 may play an important role in liver injury due to acute pancreatitis, and the possible mechanism is related to its mediated production of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α.


Based on the effect of college's library in the higher educational popularization, the paper analyses deeply the existent problems of college's library in the scale of development and service modality, and accordingly comes up with their corresponding solution.


Abstract Over a large body of literature focused on perceptual-motor coordination for action-based affordance tasks, little regard has been given for measurement reliability. The purpose of this paper was to outline this issue and provide an example reliability study for a measure of an individual's ability to perceive action opportunities for leaping. Ten participants completed three testing sessions, each consisting of 24 trials of the task. Reaction times and accuracy of perceptual responses were calculated. Analysis of variance was used to test for systematic mean changes. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and coefficients of variation (CV) were used to quantify intersession agreement and within-subject variability. With the removal of six trials for familiarization, acceptable agreement (ICC= 0.930) and within-subject variability (CV= 9.5%) were established, using six further testing trials. Overall, this paper provides the rationale and simple methods for addressing measurement reliability in perceptual-motor coordination research.


1.INTRODUCTION KrF excimer laser lithography will be used down to 0.13μm rule devices accompanied with optical enhancement techniques. Therefore ArF excimer laser lithography would be applied below 0.10μm patterning capability beyond the 1Gbit DRAMs generation. It is recognized that an antireflective layer would be indispensable for 193-nm lithography with good CD control. In that sense, more transparent 193-nm resists would be more preferable to realize good optical latitude. Regarding 193-nm materials, transparency and etch resistance of resin have been mainly focused in the material design and many resin systems have been proposed. Consequently, alicyclic resin has become a key concept for 193-nm single layer resist materials. On the contrary, photoacid generators (PAGs) for 193-nm lithography has not attentively reported so much. Most researchers started their attempts from the same PAGs as used for KrF resists. However, some researchers have already paid attention to the molecular design of PAGs for 193-nm chemically amplified resist materials. NEC reported 193-specific non-aromatic sulfonium salts considering their transparency at 193-nm12. Ushirogouchi et al. approached relatively transparent PAGs from another molecular design taking advantage of naphthalene moiety.34 Although Hyundai's researchers also tried same naphthalene concept about their sulfonium salt, it did not show good imaging capability.5 Allen et al. demonstrated a relatively transparent iodonium salt


The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations currently represent the primary model for describing stratified turbulent fluid flows at low Mach number. The validity of the incompressible assumption, however, has so far only been rigorously established for adiabatic motions. Here, we show from first principl es that the use of available energetics and thermodynamics considerations applied to a turbulent mixing event associated with stratified shear flow instability r efutes the widespread idea that the incompressible assumption is also valid when diabatic irreversible effects are important. The main consequence is that dynamics and thermodynamics are strongly coupled in stratified turbulence. This departs strongly from the currently accepted wisdom, and calls for a complete revisiting of the physical processes governing stratified turbulence at low Mach numbers. The classical incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (INSE), often in conjunction with the Boussinesq approximation [Boussinesq(1903)], currently represent the primary model for the description and understanding of fluid flows at low Mach numbers Ma = U0/cs, where U0 is the characteristic fluid velocity, and cs the isentropic speed of sound. However, despite its widespread use, the incompressibility assumption has been so far justified rigorously only in the context of adiabatic motions [Batchelor(1967), Landau and Lifshitz(1987), Majda(1984), Lions and Masmoudi(1998)], the generalization to flows with diabatic and irreversible effects remaining an outstanding challenge [Ansumali et al.(2005)Ansumali, Karlin, and Ottinger]. Physically, the primary motivation for the incompressibility assumption is arguably the simplification it brings about by decoupling the dynamics of the fluid from its thermodynamics. While this appears of interest for the study of adiabatic motions, for which thermodynamic effects are indeed of little importance, the advantage of doing so otherwise is less clear, since


The thermosensitive hydrogels were prepared from the copolymerization of N-Isopropyl-acrylamide and N-vinyl pyridium tetrafluroborate(NVP.BF_4) or N-methyl-4- vinyl pyridium methylsulfate (NMVP.CH_3SO_4) as cationic comonomers in the presence of methylene bisacrylamide(MBA) as crosslinking agent by means of γ-r and crosslinking agent on the properties of hydrogel especially the swelling ratio(SR) and sensitive temperature have been investigated The results show that the SR of the hydrogels will increase with the increasing the content of cationic monomer or decreasing the content of crosslinking agent. The sensitive temperature of the hydrogel will also increase with increasing the content of the cationic monomer but the content of the crossing agent seems to have no influence on it.


The utility model discloses a digital receiver system which is based on a special digital medium-frequency structure. The digital receiver system comprises a radio frequency receiver subsystem, an A/D converter, a digital baseband signal processing subsystem, a digital lower frequency converting subsystem, a clock subsystem, a microchip controlling subsystem and an automatic frequency controlling subsystem. The output terminal of the radio frequency receiver subsystem is connected with the input terminal of the digital baseband signal processing subsystem via the A/D converter and the digital lower frequency converting subsystem. The input terminal of the automatic frequency controlling subsystem is connected with the output terminal of the digital baseband signal processing subsystem. The output terminal of the automatic frequency controlling subsystem is connected with the input terminal of the radio frequency receiver subsystem. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, low request for performance of the A/D, and higher integration degree. The utility model can be realized by using a programmable logic device.


A method is proposed for determining the frequency $omega$$sub 0$ of the hyperfine splitting of the muonium atom in a metal. The method is based on measuring the temperature dependence of the $mu$$sup +$-meson precession- frequency shift due to polarization of the muonium electron. It was found that in copper the frequency is $omega$$sub 0$approximately-less-than0.01($omega$$sub 0$)/sub vac/ where ($omega$$sub 0$)/sub vac) is the frequency of the hyperfine splitting of the muonium atom in vacuum. (AIP)


Silver is a low-cost electrode material for perovskite solar cells. However, silver electrodes turn yellow after device fabrication, which is accompanied by a decrease in power conversion efficiency. These changes are caused by the formation of silver iodide from the reaction between silver and iodine-containing compounds from the perovskite layer, as demonstrated by Y. B. Qi and co-workers in article 1500195. The presence of pinholes in spiro-MeOTAD hole-transport layer facilitates silver iodide formation.


(...) Heterobasidion annosum survived less than 5 yr in naturally infected stumps of either species. The high rainfall and associated high water content of stumps and low temperatures common to the region appear to limit colonization by H. a. In contrast, stump colonization by Resinicium bicolor and presumably saprophytic Armillaria spp. was common, but mortality in adjacent trees was rare (...)


The First Amendment to the Constitution guarantees free speech except in the most extreme cases. Video games are correctly labeled as "speech," but numerous psychological studies suggest that playing these games leads to an increase in addictive and aggressive behaviors. Because of this, experts are divided as to whether or not video games should be legally censored. Our research has sought to determine the attitudes of the general public regarding whether legal restrictions on game content are advisable. This project involved a survey of 350 adult gamers who responded to questions about violent content and video game ratings. We analyzed the attitudes of gamers toward violence in video games and whether or not they believe that the effects of video games can trigger violence in real life. This study also analyzed various options for state and federal legislators to increase the restrictions on retail sales of violent video games to minors through the use of the video game rating system. Finally, we concluded that it is not the government's role to restrict the access of minors to video games. It is the parents' job to monitor their children's gaming habits.


The invention relates to a multiway valve, in particular for use in the refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration unit. Said valve comprises a housing (10) with several inlets and outlets (11, 12, 13) and a chamber (16) with several seats (20) that are respectively allocated to one inlet or outlet (12, 13). A closing organ (19) is allocated to each seat (20). The closing organs (19) are coupled to a cell (1) that can be expanded and compressed by the action of a control pressure, in order to block or release the allocated seat (20) in accordance with the compression or expansion of the cell (1). A gas generator and absorber can be housed in the cell (1) for generating the control pressure.


INTRODUCTION

Physical inactivity has become a global burden that leads to adverse health conditions in particular obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Moreover, the modern generation tends to have a sedentary lifestyle because of the burden and increasing usage of technologies including cell phones, laptops, or gaming gadgets. Therefore, students lack Physical Activity (PA) even in their leisure-time due to fatigue and a decrease in Quality of Life (QoL)

METHODOLOGY

A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling technique among physical therapy students. Godin-Leisure Time Questionnaire and World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument (WHO HRQOL-BREF) questionnaire was used to collect data and sent to participants via email or WhatsApp groups.

RESULTS

A total number of 384 physical therapy students participated in the study with 104 (27%) males and 280 females (73%) respectively. The survey showed 74% of individual's active followed by 19.2% moderately active while only 1.4% sedentary. An 81.1±11.4 average was attained on the HRQoL that suggested individuals have a good quality of life. Besides, no significant association (p=0.156) between leisure-time activity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of physical therapy students was found.

CONCLUSION

It was concluded that the majority of students were active in performing moderate PA followed by good QoL. Moreover, no significant association between leisure-time activity and HRQoL of physical therapy students was found therefore, large-scale multicenter trials should be conducted to evaluate the factors related to PA and QoL in young individuals considering standardized assessments to have reliable outcomes.


0.5% timolol without preservative reduces corneal sensitivity for a shorter period of time than timolol with preservative. The subjective tolerance of unpreserved timolol is much better than that of p


-With the introduction of computers models in the weather and climate information infrastructure in 1954, it instantly became a part of intrinsic methodology of research. In spite of early weaknesses, computer models were perceived as superior technique as it brought with it a voracious appetite for data. Starting out with regional models, they switched to hemispheric models and global model by decade's end. As scales grew, these models needed increasingly vast quantity of data demanding technological and institutional innovation. With the onset of satellite technology during the same period, the two forms often complemented each other in various ways. The data from satellite is often passed through various data analysis model before being used as an input in computer model. This paper is a humble effort in exploring the two different platforms to study the impact of increase in concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere on various parameters of climate such as temperature, evaporation, rainfall, ice cover etc. The data from satellite "AQUA" NASA Earth Science satellite mission is used as an input for the model calculations from a period of 2002 to 2032. The study involves comparison of two scenarios-a control scenario, wherein the concentration of carbon dioxide are kept at the 2002 levels to set as a benchmark for comparison, that will give us the result of a hypothetical situation in which all of the carbon dioxide emission ceases from both natural and manmade sources. Another scenario involves, using the concentration of carbon dioxide and setting a linear increase trend as recorded by "AQUA satellite". Both results are compared; analyzed and potential conclusions are reported. Various shortcomings of methods are discussed along with flaws made in generalizing some specific assumptions. Future improvements and further potential studies are explored briefly. Keywords--Computer models; satellite; collaboration,


Introduction The combination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are often used to investigate intracranial disease in dogs. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine if the total nucleated cell count (TNCC) or cytology findings in abnormal CSF are associated with the prevalence of MRI abnormalities. Materials and methods For each case, the TNCC was categorized into one of three groups: A (<25×106/L); B (25–100×106/L); and C (>100×106/L). Cytology findings were categorized by the predominant cell type as lymphocytic, monocytoid, neutrophilic, or eosinopilic. MRI descriptions were classified as either normal or abnormal, and abnormal studies were further evaluated for the presence of specific characteristics (multifocal or diffuse disease versus focal disease, positive T2-weighted hyperintensity, positive FLAIR hyperintensity, contrast enhancement, mass effect, and the presence of poorly or well-defined lesion margins). Results Forty-five dogs met the inclusion criteria and MRI abnormalities were found in 29/45 (64%) dogs. TNCCs were not associated with the prevalence of MRI abnormalities or specific characteristics. Cytology categories were significantly associated with the prevalence of MRI abnormalities (P<0.001). Specifically, monocytoid cytology was 22.8 times more likely to have an abnormal MRI than lymphocytic cytology. CSF cytology was not significantly associated with specific abnormal MRI characteristics. Conclusion There are minimal associations between CSF abnormalities and the prevalence of MRI abnormalities. These results support the continued importance of utilizing both tests when investigating intracranial disease. When CSF analysis must be performed initially, this study has demonstrated that an abnormal CSF with a monocytoid cytology supports the value of performing a brain MRI in dogs with evidence of intracranial neurological disease.


The urethane reactions of 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, and n-propanol with phenyl isocyanate were respectively carried out in nitrogenous solvents. In situ FT-IR was used to monitor the reactions, and rate constants were determined. It was shown that the reaction rate of 1,2-propanediol was fastest, followed by the reaction rates of 1,3-propanediol and n-propanol. After that, activation energy (Ea), activation enthalpy (ΔH), and activation entropy (ΔS) were calculated. It was found that these thermodynamic parameters for 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol are very similar, but they were very different from those of n-propanol, which is very useful to understand the urethane reaction mechanism.


Action Regulation Theory is not only a description tool but also a normative guide to efficient and humanized work; it became a foundation of international standards in work design. The regular mode of action regulation is knowledge-based regulation. Innovation in mental work, e.g., product development, follows a hydrid model of action regulation combining knowledge-driven opportunistic sequences with systematically planned episodes of work. Innovative work can be improved by facilitating an interaction of mental and psychomotor operations in action: Thinking in and by action is a general principle of innovative mental work. Action Regulation Theory might explain why, in product development, a hybrid type of cooperative work is more effective than both, group work or individual work.


The aim of this project was to improve profitability by demonstrating methods to achieve high levels of feed performance, survival, and efficiency in a commercial farm setting. A commercial-scale modified In-Pond Raceway System (IPRS) was deployed in 2007 on a commercial fish farm in west Alabama. The IPRS was developed and installed in a 6-acre earthen pond with an average depth of about 5.5 feet. Six production cells (raceways) were constructed of concrete blocks on a reinforced concrete pad. Raceway dimensions are 16 feet wide by 37 feet long by 4 feet deep. They are arranged side by side and share common walls. Each cell is equipped with a 1⁄2 HP water mover (paddlewheel) at its upstream end which rotates at 1.2 RPM and allows for the exchange of water in each raceway as frequently as once every 4.9 minutes. Each raceway was originally stocked with 12,000 to 30,000 advanced stockers that weighted between 0.13 and 0.92 pounds to simulate a staggered stocking and harvest production method. Results from the 2008 production season had an 84.3% mean survival across all raceways. The average feed conversion ratio (FCR) for channel catfish and hybrid catfish was 1.78 and 1.36 respectively (range from 1.16 2.11 to 1.0) and total catfish harvested was 109,808 lbs (18,301 lbs per acre). An additional 14,003 lbs of tilapia and paddlefish were harvested as co-cultured species (Table 1). IPRS improvements in survival, feed efficiency, disease management and overall production have increased yields, reduced unit production costs, and improved enterprise profitability over traditional multiple-batch pond production systems for catfish. This paper is important as in-pond raceways increase the amount of control the aquaculturist has over catfish production compared to present open pond production. This can lead to efficiency improvement including lowering of the cost of production, and providing processors with the size fish consumer prefer, that is a market pull rather than a market push approach.


The invention relates to a road sweeper as well as a cleaning operational method. The road sweeper comprises a water tank, a garbage box and a filter screen arranged on a vehicle frame, a water pump made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel material and communicated with the water tank is also disposed on the vehicle frame, a butterfly shape brush and a suction cup are arranged at both sides of the vehicle frame respectively, a suction roll communicated with the garbage box is arranged on the suction cup, a fan communicated with the garbage box is mounted on the vehicle frame, a semi-closed dust-collecting curtain is arranged under the vehicle frame for covering the butterfly shape brush, and the suction cup is communicated with the semi-closed dust-collecting curtain, the fan sucks dust and garbage swept by the butterfly shape brush by dry method in the semi-closed dust-collecting curtain to form a dusty airflow to enter the garbage box through the suction cup and the suction roll, and the water pump pumps snow-melting agent aqueous solution in the water tank and sprinkles the solution to the dusty airflow through a nozzle arranged in the suction cup and/or the suction roll, the fan pumps the clean airflow undergoing gravity settling and filtration by the filter screen in the garbage box and discharges the airflow through an exhaustion channel, and the road sweeper can be used for sweeping operations by dry method or wet method, and has advantages of good wet-type dust control effect and environmental protection of operations.


Abstract. Previous research found mental contrasting to be an effective self-regulatory strategy. This study explored whether motivational features such as regulatory focus, as promotion focus and prevention focus, could affect people's spontaneous use of a mental contrasting strategy. The present study hypothesized that promotion focus positively predicts spontaneous mental contrasting. Across the correlational (Study 1) and experimental (Study 2) designs, predominantly promotion-focused university students spontaneously employed more mental contrasting strategies. The implications and suggestions for future research have been discussed.


Cardiovascular disease affects a significant proportion of the population with global prevalence of 6,081 per 100,000 (Virani et al., 2020). Most core risk factors are well characterised and can be controlled with interventions, also meaning it is possible to identify most people at increased risk of acute events, defined as a 10-year risk of events of >20%. However, the real-world occurrence of events in this at-risk population is relatively low suggesting there is still much to be learnt or identified in spotting the vulnerable patient harbouring vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque at the earliest possible time. The development of atherosclerotic plaque spans people's lifetime. The risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) can be estimated as a roughly equal balance of genetically inherited susceptibility and exposure to environmental risk factors. Increasingly, the complexity of coronary artery disease (CAD), as the archetypal CVD, is underlined by the fact that a large number of genes or gene sets comprising up to 14% of genes in the genome can be linked to functionally influencing CAD development (Nikpay et al., 2020), through the association of genetic variants with CAD risk in large international cohorts. The majority of these variants play a small role (e.g. 2–5% effect size) (Howson et al., 2017) and so, which novel gene products to target therapeutically remains a question that must be answered with future studies. Atherosclerosis is almost universally present and is a longstanding pathology. Fundamentally, plaque develops as a result of a maladaptive response of the artery wall and infiltrating immune cells to accumulation and modification of lipoprotein, such as low density lipoprotein (LDL) and lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) (Lichtman et al., 2013). Well-characterised risk factors, in addition to the circulating LDL level, are blood pressure, systemic inflammation, diabetes and obesity (Yusuf et al., 2004). Thus, the concept of vulnerable patients can be described as patients presenting with a combination of multiple risk factors and/or extremely high risk levels of one of these core risks (Naghavi et al., 2003). All these risk factors feed into the core interaction between LDL, vascular cells responding to the injurious accumulation and oxidative modification of LDL trapped in the subendothelial space, along with the invasion of myeloid cells and T cells that can either promote progression or resolution of plaque inflammation (reviewed in Tabas & Lichtman, 2017). In the last 30 years, there has been a growing recognition that some specific characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques, which make the plaque more prone to trigger thrombotic events, are far more important clinically than absolute size or level of lumen occlusion (Finn et al., 2010). For example, the majority of events in the SCOT-HEART study were not triggered by the presence of occlusive disease (Investigators et al., 2018). Thus, the concept of vulnerable plaques is the focus of endeavours in the field. This review series focuses on advances critical to the identification, mechanistic understanding and treatment of vulnerable patients, and the vulnerable plaques that trigger adverse events. These articles were commissioned leading on from a British Atherosclerosis Society meeting entitled "From the vulnerable plaque to the vulnerable patient." Vulnerable plaques are not all the same. Thin-cap fibroatheroma, defined as a fibrous cap and evidence of macrophage infiltration, is prone to rupture. Another form of advanced plaque is rather prone to erosion. The increased use of statins has led to a shift from thin-cap fibroatheroma to plaque erosions over time (Libby & Pasterkamp, 2015). Originally defined by histology, defining vulnerable plaques in at-risk (vulnerable) patients is now possible using a raft of imaging techniques including PET, CT, MRI and intravascular ultrasound. Characterising a patient's actual arteries is a powerful tool essential in formally quantifying the burden of disease. Now multiple modalities are available in the research setting and increasingly in routine clinical practice. Two complementary reviews from Sriranjan et al. (Sriranjan et al., 2021) and Daghem and Newby (Daghem & Newby, 2021) review the use PET and CT in assessing vulnerable patients and defining vulnerable plaques. PET utilises radiotracers binding molecular targets to gain a detailed characterisation of body tissues non-invasively. It has most extensively been used in oncology but with the development of instrumentation and availability of novel radiolabelled probes is now used in other areas including, prominently, in CVD patients. PET enables labelling of, for example, glucose incorporation and the presence of macrophages. In their review, Sriranjan et al. (2021) discuss the advances in PET usage for assessing vulnerable plaques and the results of trials using PET imaging. Fluorodeoxy-glucose has been used both in prognostic investigations and in interventional trials, particularly in those aiming to target inflammation directly. The range of Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; CT, computed tomography; CVD, cardiovascular disease; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell. DOI: 10.1111/bph.15347


the herbal drug industry to explore and research on these drugs for providing an opportunity to the women to have a graceful and healthy old age.


Hen egg white lysozyme was covalently modified to various degrees with perillaldehyde, a major phenolic aldehyde in the steam distillate of the green leaves of Japanese shiso [Perilla frutescens (Labiatae)], via Schiff base formation followed by reduction with sodium borohydride. Free amino group determinations revealed three lysozyme derivatives, designated LPa 1 , LPa 2 and LPa 4 , which contain 0.5, 2.4, and 3.9 residues of perillaldehyde, respectively. These modifications had no dramatic effect on the solubility of the lysozyme derivatives. The lytic activity of the modified lysozymes against Micrococcus lysodeikticus was slightly decreased as the degree of modification increased, but even LPa 4 retained 73% of the activity of the unmodified lysozyme


One of the most critical challenges to the global scale-up of ART programs is the effective management of a supply chain for ARV drugs. Ensuring an effective supply chain for ART requires international and national policymakers and stakeholders to develop an enabling policy environment that both encourages best practices and protects against activities that waste public resources or that are dangerous to public health. This paper helps define that policy environment from a supply chain perspective; it outlines important policy issues to consider and makes recommendations that are practical and applicable to program managers and policymakers on the ground. The objective of this paper is to guide countries on how to develop a policy to strengthen supply chain management for antiretroviral drugs so the countries can ensure continuous product availability can maximize resources and can better expand ART programs. (authors)


Book of the 56 th anniversary Scientific m eeting 88 Welcome messages 89 advances in the t reatment of alzheimer's Disease Dr Lam Tat Chung, Paul (林達聰醫生)


We propose a Universal Multistage Interconnection Network (UniMIN) for implementing large scale ATM switches which generally consist of an interconnection network and output switch modules. The proposed interconnection network, UniMIN is a modified delta network with output-buffered modules and it has modular expandability and self-routing capability. Any type output switch modules can be used with the proposed interconnection network, if they have good performance in terms of cell loss probability, delay, and throughput. The analytical and simulation study shows that the UniMIN switch architecture can yield high throughput; arbitrarily low cell loss probability, and reasonably low delay by simply adjusting the buffer size of interconnection module units. We expect that even a large scale 1024/spl times/1024 ATM switch can be implemented by utilizing the proposed architecture.<<ETX>>


Abstract The colors and costumes of the orient have long been an object of fascination for what Ella Shohat and Robert Starn refer to in Unthinking Eurocentrism as the 'imperial imaginary'.1 From the appeal of the bayadère and the odalisque in cabaret dances, paintings and photographs in fin de siècle France to the covers ofAmerican tourist and fashion magazines today, the mise en image of the orient through its colors, fabrics, and clothing has served, in opposition to the austere, colorless costumes of Western (male) clothing, as a trope in the creation of a 'feminized' and fantastic orient that allows the imagination to 'go native', crossing over as it were into 'a world of romance without boundaries'.2


Concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) in purified extracts of '#3 Indianapolis White' were measured with a gas liquid chromatograph (GLC) and confirmed by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MC). Apices contained 1½ to 3 times as much ABA as young or old leaves. Plants under long day (LD) treatment contained more ABA than those receiving short days (SD). ABA levels in the apices of plants sprayed with ethephon, (2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid, and receiving 2 or 3 weeks SD, were lower than in plants given only 2 or 3 weeks SD.


The fifth edition of the 'Computing Applications in Particle Physics' school was held on 3–7 February 2020, at İstanbul University, Turkey. This particular edition focused on the processing of simulated data from the large hadron collider collisions using an analysis description language and its runtime interpreter called CutLang. 24 undergraduate and 6 graduate students were initiated to collider data analysis during the school. After 3 days of lectures and exercises, the students were grouped into teams of 3 or 4 and each team was assigned an analysis publication from ATLAS or CMS experiments. After 1.5 days of independent study, each team was able to reproduce the assigned analysis using CutLang.


Ferrocene-modified DNA probes formed fully matched duplexes and bulge-containing ones with wild-type and insertion/deletion-type complements of clinical importance, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed that the bulge-containing duplexes showed an increased flexibility compared to the fully matched duplexes. The difference in the bending elasticity could be read out electrochemically by square wave voltammetry.


The invention discloses a display panel, a production method thereof and a display in order to reduce the width of a universal character code-printing area in an identification code area in the display panel, consequently, the border width of the non-display area of the panel is reduced to the max, meanwhile, the width of the gap between assembled panels in a large-size assembled panel display is reduced, and thereby the high-quality display of the assembled panels is guaranteed. The display panel comprises the identification code area, the identification code area is an irregular area which is composed of first areas and a second area which are arranged along a first direction, wherein the first areas are used by the printing of universal character codes, the second area is used by the printing of a two-dimension code, and in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the width of the first areas is less than the width of the second area.


What factors determine how well local governments manage public resources? Previous research regarding democratic governance and decentralization suggests that in weak institutional contexts where local governments lack managerial and technical expertise, municipalities inefficiently spend resources and fail to provide local popula tions with necessary goods and services. Local governments' performances are further shaped by factors such as fiscal regulations, political competition, and economic devel opment. This article assesses the importance that such factors play in the performance of local Peruvian governments. Peru provides an interesting case study due to the sharp increase of governmental transfers resulting from the exploitation of natural resources.


Climate change can cause imbalances in plants. Baccharis trimera is a specie usually found in harsh conditions and has medicinal and agricultural properties. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the biochemical and physiological responses of this plant under water restriction (WR) levels. B. trimera samples were identified and collected in Erechim/RS and propagated in a greenhouse. When acclimated, they were subjected to 0, 25, 75 and 100% WR, determined according to the water saturation in the soil by capillary action. After 30 days of treatment, the physiological responses: growth, and fresh and dry biomass; and the biochemical responses: activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (GP) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes, proline, protein and hydrogen peroxide content, and lipid peroxidation, were determined. Data were submitted to regression analysis and Pearson correlation. The WR of 27.37%, on average, induced an increase in physiological parameters, but the root growth was impaired in conditions above 50% of WR. With the increase in WR there was an increase in the activity of SOD in the shoot and APX in the root. In low WR conditions, proline contents were maintained. Therefore, with low levels of WR, around 27%, B. trimera has increase in root growth and root and shoot biomass. Proline, and SOD and APX activity are a pathway that scavenging the stress generated by WR on B. trimera.


Carbon storage in soil is favored by degradation of plant litter through fungal degradation pathways as compared to those involving bacteria. Environmental factors affecting the fungal:bacterial ratios in soils thus can potentially influence the accumulation of soil carbon. The objectives of this research was to examine the carbon storage pathways involving the fungal and bacterial biomass components, and the extent to which these pathways shift in response to soil nitrogen in the semiarid coastal sage scrub plant communities of Southern California. Experiments were conducted on preexisting field plots in coastal sage vegetation along a previously characterized nitrogen deposition gradient. The activities of bacteria and fungi were measured using a combination of selective antibiotic inhibition techniques in conjunction with substrate-induced respiration (SIR) assays. Relative shifts in fungal:bacterial biomass were performed using phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA). Results showed that the microbial communities from all soils sampled along the nitrogen deposition gradient were highly similar with respect to their relative composition of fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes. Fungal-specific biomarkers comprised on average one third of the total PLFA, but likely underestimate the actual percent composition of the community. SIR assays indicated that fungi were responsible for the majority of the soil respiration and carbon turnover irrespective of differences in total or soluble soil nitrogen. Soils containing high nitrogen had higher respiration rates per unit biomass, which suggests that they will not accumulate carbon at the same rates as the soils with low nitrogen. As there was no apparent effect of relatively small differences in nitrogen between soils, an additional experimental treatment was established to examine the impact of supplemental nitrogen provided as 100 ppm ammonium nitrate on sites under low and high atmospheric nitrogen deposition. At this time, the overall impact of nitrogen deposition on altering fungal:bacterial ratios in arid grassland ecosystems is not significant. However, both seasonal and annual variation in soil moisture and temperature, as well as changes in vegetation from CSS to grassland may contribute to long-term changes that were not apparent in the short-term period over which this study was conducted. The present study provides baseline data for monitoring future changes in the relationship between soil carbon and microbial communities in Southern California.


This report contains the data and methods of a geochemical investigation of the former uranium mill and tailings site at Mexican Hat, Utah. This is part of the series of site specific geochemical investigations performed on the inactive uranium mill tailings included in the UMTRA Project. The objectives are to provide the appropriate data to characterize the geochemistry, to determine the contaminant distribution resulting from the former milling activities and tailings, and to infer chemical pathways and transport mechanisms from the contaminant distribution. The results from the interpretation of the data will be used to model contaminant migration and to develop criteria for long-term containment media such as a cover system which is impermeable to contaminant migration. Data are from a one-time sampling of waters and solid material from the background, the area adjacent to the site, and the site. The solid samples are water extracted to remove easily soluble salts and acid extracted to remove carbonates and hydroxides. The water extracts and solid samples were analyzed for the major and trace elements.


An extensive amount of research has underscored the benefits of developing higher levels of cognitive complexity and reflective practice among counseling professionals (Buser, 2008; Choate & Granello, 2006; Fong, Borders, Ethington, & Pitts, 1997; Granello, 2002; Pietrzak, Duncan & Korcuska, 2008). This exploratory study examined the degree to which evidencebased pedagogical methods promoting cognitive complexity and reflective practice exist within graduate level counseling classes.


1. Perspectives 2. Negligence I: Duty of Care 3. Negligence II: Breach of Duty 4. Negligence III: Causation and Remoteness of Damage 5. Negligence IV: Employers' Liability 6. Negligence V: Dangerous Premises 7. Nuisance 8. Strict Liability 9. Breach of Statutory Duty 10. Defective Products 11. Trespass to Land 12. Trespass to the Person 13. Defamation 14. Defences and Limitation 15. Remedies and Death


This study aims to develop teaching materials based on Mathematics Based Problem-Based Learning in fifth grade students of SD 37 Lubuklinggau in accordance with the 2013 curriculum and to produce valid and practical teaching materials for use in learning. This research is a development study with a development model adapted from the Four-D model. Based on the results of the analysis Based on the experts, namely: linguists, material experts, and media experts determine statistical teaching materials based on problem-based learning criteria meet the criteria with an average score of 0.76. Based on the analysis of teacher and student worksheets consisting of 9 people obtained from problem-based learning based statistical teaching materials meet the requirements with an average score of 95%, so that learning materials can be improved based on statistical problems Problem Based Learning requires valid, practical criteria and can be used in learning.
Keywords: Development, Mathematic Teaching Materials, Problem Based Learning


Increased adipose tissue (AT) lipogenesis is associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity. Mice overexpressing Glut4 in AT (AG4OX) have elevated AT lipogenesis and increased glucose tolerance in spite of obesity and elevated circulating fatty acids. To determine if the lipid profile contributes to improved glucose homeostasis in AG4OX, we performed lipidomic analysis of AT. This revealed a 16‐18‐fold increase in a novel class of lipids in AG4OX AT vs wildtype mice. Using a targeted Mass Spec approach, we identified 16 novel lipid family members with multiple isomers based on structural variations. These lipids are branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids or FAHFAs. We studied the biologic effects of the isomers of palmitic acid hydroxy stearic acid or PAHSAs. These are present at highest levels in brown adipose tissue followed by subcutaneous and perigonadal white AT with lower levels in many other tissues. PAHSA levels are acutely regulated by fasting. Most isomers are reduced 50–65% in serum and AT of insulin‐resistant vs insulin‐sensitive people. Nearly all isomers in humans correlate remarkably strongly with insulin sensitivity determined by euglycemic clamp. PAHSAs are also reduced in subcutaneous white AT in mice fed a High Fat Diet. Oral administration of PAHSAs lowers ambient glycemia and enhances glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in insulin‐resistant obese mice while stimulating GLP1 and insulin secretion. PAHSAs also augment insulin stimulated glucose uptake and Glut4 translocation to the plasma membrane in adipocytes. PAHSAs suppress inflammatory processes in immune cells. Biological effects of PAHSAs are mediated through lipid‐responsive GPCRs. In summary, we identified a novel lipid class that improves glucose‐insulin homeostasis. In conclusion, restoration of the low PAHSA levels in insulin‐resistant people may be effective to treat type‐2 diabetes.


In order to measure workpiece′s micro-nano three-dimensional topography,this paper sets up a parallel confocal microscopy detection system based on the pinhole array.Firstly,in order to realize the beam splitting in parallel,apinhole array of 100×100in the copper foil is made by the laboratory′s three-wavelength picosecond pulse laser processing machine,and the pinhole array′s area is a square centimeter,the average diameter of the pinhole is 43.6μm,and the spacing between holes is 100μm.Then the Fraunhofer diffraction model of the pinhole array is studied.Secondly,the three-dimensional image reconstruction algorithm and laser speckle homogenization are analyzed.Finally,the measuring system makes three-dimensional measurement for coating plate and screw respectively.The experimental results show that the axial resolution of 1μm and the lateral resolution of 20μm are attained and the three dimensional reconstruction image is obtained under the condition that the stepping motor moves 1μm per step.This parallel confocal microscopy system greatly improves the three-dimensional testing speed and can satisfactorily meet the general industrial testing requirement.This paper provides a new method of research and application for parallel confocal detection technology.


ABSTRACT In the present paper, we define and study a class of pseudodifferential operators known as time-frequency analysis of localization operators which depend on a symbol σ and two windows functions and . We give criteria in terms of a symbol σ for its boundness. We also show that these operators are in Schatten–von Neumann class. Besides, we give a trace formula.


The author focuses on images of public silence which denoted sign language of public listened to governments and mentions physical isolation alternatives could break social contract Topics discussed include public protest against social distancing which reads as causes of contagion, contagion seen by family participating in protest against murder of Black George Floyd and forms of the coronavirus sonic image


The emergence of wireless technologies and powerful mobile devices has opened up opportunities for real-time remote health monitoring. Smartphones, equipped with wireless connectivity features and powerful processing capabilities, are usually utilized as a data aggregation, transmission and communication nodes. However, the main challenge of unobtrusive continuous sensing remains fast battery depletion of wireless sensor nodes and smartphones. In this paper, we have introduced wireless sensor network system with multimodal platform for physiological monitoring and smartphone for subsequent processing. Possible distribution of processing operations for wireless sensor node and smartphone device is demonstrated in stress detection scenario. Event-driven approach based on Bluetooth Low Energy communication protocol for data transfer between sensor board and smartphone shows significant savings in power consumption, while maintaining satisfying level of accuracy. This proves to be of high importance, in order to improve systems reliability and user acceptance in other real-time health monitoring scenarios.


The five longest tune-out wavelengths for the potassium atom are determined using a relativistic structure model which treats the atom as consisting of a single valence electron moving outside a closed shell core. The importance of various terms in the dynamic polarizability in the vicinity of the 4p(J), 5p(J), and 6p(J) transitions are discussed. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032518


Based on principles of mass conservation, element allocation constraints, chemical equilibrium, index constrain heat, conservation and so on, multi-constrained mathematical models for copper bottom blowing smelting, Pierce-Smith(PS) converter converting, anode furnace refining and electrorefining were established, and the simulation system of full flow of bottom blowing copper smelting process was developed to calculate the typical conditions of bottom blowing copper process. The models were validated by production dates. The results show that the averaged relative errors between production dates and calculations of Cu, S, Fe, SiO 2 content in matte from bottom blowing smelting are 0.14%, 9.74%, 43.44% and 9.74%, respectively, and the errors of Cu, S, Fe, SiO 2 , Ca content in smelting slag are 7.97%, 12.33%, 8.86%, 6.35% and 38.25%, respectively. The averaged relative errors of Cu, S, Fe, O content in blister copper from PS converter converting are 0.03%, 0.00%, 50.00% and 4.76%, respectively, and the errors of Cu, S, Fe, SiO 2 content in converting slag are 0.85%, 91.30%, 43.44% and 6.85%, respectively. The averaged relative error of Cu, S, O content in anode copper from anode furnace refining are 0.33%, 33.33% and 5.26%, respectively.


Mobile edge computing (MEC) emerged as a promising approach for resource constrained devices due to its inherent capability to bring the cloud functionalities at the net-work edge. This paper jointly investigates the resource allocation and computation offloading problem in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled secure edge-cloud computing system, where each computational task can be executed locally, offloaded to the MEC server, offloaded to the cloud server or offloaded to another UAV. To preserve security, we encrypt each computational task by employing highly dispersive chaotic substitution Box (S-Box). We formulate the original problem as an energy consumption minimization problem and propose two heuristic algorithms to solve it. We divide the original problem into three sub-problems, i.e., resource allocation sub-problem, task partition sub-problem and computation offloading sub-problem, and solve them accordingly to obtain the energy efficient resource allocation and computation offloading strategies. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme when compared with related schemes.


One of the methods for increasing the reliability of boiler operation, especially in the startup/shutdown modes, is the adoption of industrial television with optical probes installed in the boiler. The television units permits the operator to operationally intervene in burner functions during firing, shift from one type of fuel to another, and to visually inspect flame state and length. The optical probe with the series production television unit demonstrated its capacity and reliability.


The effects of some solutions,such as 0.5 % citric acid,0.1 % ascorbic acid(VC),0.005 % sodium disulfite and 0.9 % sodium chloride on browning inhibition of apple slice were compared.According to the edible quality and weight loss of the apple slice,the freezing processing technology was optimized.The optimum conditions to prepare frozen apple slice were that the thicknesses was 6 mm,apple slices were dipped into 0.9 % sodium chloride for 5 min,wind-speed was 6 m/s in freezing.The frozen apple slices production in this condition was moderate hardness,sweetness,and has the apple flavors.The score of sensory evaluation was 16.86 in the optimum condition(the full score was 20).


Objective To explore the risk factors and the measures for prevention and treatment of hypercapnia and hypoxemia of patients with pneumoperitoneum in perianesthesia.Methods A retrospective study of 500 patients with laparoscopic operation performed during June 2003 to June 2006 was presented.The risk factor for hypercarbia and hypoxemia was studied with logistic regression analysis.Results Hypercapnia and hypoxemia in perianesthesia occurred in 22 cases(4.4%).These risk factors were overweight and obesity,the long-term and mass smoking,prolonged pneumoperitoneum,high tension of pneumoperitoneum,pneumoderma,position especial and deep intubation.Conclusion The distribution of the risk factors is extensive.Integrative measures ought to be taken for its prevention and treatment.


Asthma is a chronic progressive disorder of the airways characterized by inflammation and lung tissue fibrosis. Major features of tissue fibrosis include fibroblast differentiation to contractile myofibroblasts, fibroblast proliferation, and increased synthesis and accumulation of collagen and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a mechanosensitive ion channel expressed in lung fibroblasts, responds to changes in ECM stiffness and mechanical forces. Previous studies have shown that, TRPV4 plays a role in the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. In the present study, we show that TRPV4 mediates lung fibroblast differentiation and aim to elucidate the signaling mechanism(s) involved. We found that TRPV4 was functionally expressed in normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) and that knocking‐down of TRPV4 inhibited TGF‐β1 induced fibroblast differentiation, as determined by decreased α‐SMA expression. Similarly, TRPV4 antagonist RN1734 (RN) also significantly inhibited TGF‐β1 induced expression of α‐SMA and fibronectin protein, as well as pro‐fibrotic genes. TRPV4 regulates TGFβ1‐mediated matrix accumulation via two pathways, both dependent on Rho/MRTF‐A. One pathway enhances fibrotic gene expression and matrix deposition via p38 MAPK, while the other pathway activates PAI‐1 and slows down matrix degradation. We also compared TGF‐β1 induced expression levels of these fibrotic markers in NHLF and diseased human lung fibroblasts (DHLF) and found elevated levels in DHLF. To confirm the role of TRPV4 in lung fibroblast differentiation in vivo, we employed a Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae) induced asthma model in wild‐type (WT) and TRPV4 knock‐out (TRPV4 KO) mice. Following exposure to D. farinae, remodeling and inflammatory responses were enhanced in WT mice while they were completely attenuated in TRPV4 KO mice. Altogether, these findings highlight a major role for TRPV4 in lung fibroblast differentiation and D. farinae induced asthma in mice.


Utilizing passive electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters is the most widely used approach to restrain the conducted emissions from power converters. However, the introduction of these filters will significantly raise the weight and size of the systems. Using the emerging flexible multi-layer foil (FMLF) technique, this article investigates a complete electromagnetically integrated design concept of single-phase EMI filters based on EE-type cores, which can be applicable to engineering application scenarios with different EMI noise attenuation requirements. Two types of integrated structures are constructed with different well-designed FMLF-windings and terminal configurations. One is a common-mode (CM) choke with controllable leakage inductances, which is able to realize the integration design of CM inductor, CM capacitors and differential-mode (DM) inductors. The other is an EMI choke with integrating the CM and DM inductances and capacitances, which achieves electromagnetic integration of all the CM and DM filtering components. Compared to the existing UU-type core based integration methods, the proposed methods can ameliorate the noise suppression performance while reducing filter's weight and volume. Theoretical analyses for modeling and design of the EMI chokes is presented. Then prototypes of different FMLFs-based EMI filters have been built for a 500 W 100 kHz SiC-mosfet inverter, experiments demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed structures.


This paper describes the CAN bus, and gives the hardware interface circuit of CAN controller. Compared with the defects of principal and subordinate communication between microcontrollers, it raises peerto-peer communication between microcontrollers by the CAN controller. We also analyzed the principle of hardware and design of communication programs. The design take 82C200 produced by PHILIPS corporation as the chip of system. It sends and receives data by the module which consists of microcotroller, CAN controller and transceiver. Its software is made up of three modules for initialization, transmission and reception.


Following laboratory studies to analyse the physico-mechanical behaviour and the rheologic characteristics of bitumen-polymer mixtures, experimental insitu applications were carried out on two viaducts on each of two motorways (Appennino and Trafori). The wearing course mixtures used comprised 80/100 bitumen modified with polyethylene at 4 and 7%, at a compaction temperature of 160 deg or over. Core samples from the test sites showed the pavement to be practically impermeable (high density and low residual voids) and of great mechanical strength. Test results from the four sites are tabulated, and the equipment used described and illustrated. (TRRL)


The scores of BSRI, a questionnaire measuring psychological androgyny, i.e. the extent to which a person possess traits that are traditionally considered feminine and traits that are traditionally considered masculine, were subjected to a factor analysis. The BSRI was administered to 100 women and 100 men, between 20 and 60 years of age. The analysis gave two factors for women, interpreted as a Femininity factor and a Masculinity factor, and three factors for men, interpreted as a Femininity factor and two Masculinity factors. A shorter version of the BSRI is also suggested. These results support the notion that femininity and masculinity are best considered two independent dimensions.


Spatial heterogeneity results in marked scaling effect and influences retrieval precision in the retrieval of water from remote sensing image,so the research on the spatial heterogeneity benefit to choose suitable resolution remote sensing image and increase retrieval precision.A study was conduced to set sampling points of water in Lake Taihu in October,2008.The research analyzed three essential factors' spatial heterogeneity and scaling effect in the water quality retrieval,that is,chlorophyll-a(Chl.a), the total suspended matter(TSM) and the dissolved organic carbon(DOC) using the Geostatistics principle and the fractal dimension method.The result showed that three essential factors of Lake Taihu had different coefficient of variation in different sampling areas and had marked scaling effect.Furthermore,the semi-variogram curves of Chl.a in three sampling areas changed fiercely in range and the fractal dimension was high,which shows Chl.a in Lake Taihu was possibly controlled by some leadership ecological processes.Spatial structure proportion of Chl.a and TSM was higher,about 90%,and had strongly spatial relevance,which indicated that the spatial heterogeneity was mainly caused by the constitutive factors,while random factors played less role.DOC had lower spatial structure proportion,which indicated it was mainly affected by random factors.In three sampling areas,the range of Chl.a was 147.3m,129.3m,115.0m,and TSM was 1131.7m,130.6m,149.1m,so 150m×150m as the smallest unit and 5 by 5 of TM was appropriate to estimate them during the retrieval process.The range of DOC was 34.3m,38.5m,26.4m,which indicated that the autocorrelation distance was small,so 30m×30m as the smallest sampling unit and choose TM image which resolution was 30m to correspond observed values with the smallest unit of remote sensing image.The research also indicated the MODIS pixel size(250,500,1000m) was so large in the retrieval of Lake Taihu,and it may bring retrieval error with result of spatial heterogeneity.


Coal-based activated carbons were prepared from Indonesia high sulfur lignite with NaOH as activating agent.The influence of the ratio of NaOH to lignite,activation temperature and activation time on adsorption properties and yield were investigated.The results can be concluded as follows:the ratio of NaOH to carbon,activation temperature and activation time are the main factors that could affect pore structure and adsorption performance of AC.It also showed that with the increase of activation temperature and activation time,the iodine adsorption value of AC improved first and then decreased.With the increase of the ratio of NaOH to carbon,the iodine adsorption value of AC increased continuously.However,with the increase of the ratio of NaOH to carbon,activation temperature and activation time,the yield of AC decreased continuously.When the ratio of NaOH to carbon is 2,the activation temperature is 700 ℃ and activation time is 1h,coal-based activated carbon could be prepared,of which the iodine adsorption value can be 2312.6mg/g and the yield is 35.78%.


Objective To explore different techniques for treat me nt of complicated distal femoral fractures in order to obtain the best curative effects. Methods A retrospective study was done on the cli nical data of 62 patients (64 sides) with complicated distal femoral fractures a dmitted to our hospital from January 1999 to June 2002. According to AO classifi cation: 20 cases (21 sides) belonged to type A and 42 (43 sides) to type C. The supporting steel of AO femoral condyles were applied in 18 cases (19 sides), loc ked double-plating (steel plate and polyethylene plate) in 20 (21 sides) and th e retrograde intramedullary nail in 24. All cases received scientific and ration al rehabilitative treatment post-operatively. Results The 4-38 months follow up showed that 62 cases go t fracture healing with average healing period of 4.2 months (from 10 weeks to 1 6 months). According to criteria of Kolmert and Wulff, 31 sides were excellent, 28 good but 5 poor with an excellence rate of 75%. Conclusions A majority of treatment results of complicate d distal femoral fractures are satisfactory through rational and reliable intern al fixation. The supporting steel plate is suitable for all distal femoral fract ures; and the retrograde intramedullary nail is the treatment of choice for type A and type C1 fractures. As for types C2 and C3 fractures, the locked double-p lating combined with polyethylene is more effective than the supporting steel pl ate or the retrograde intramedullary nail for it has advantages of reasonable de sign, convenient operation and firm fixation.


57 ABSTRACT In the process for decreasing the COD-content of efflu ent by treating with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a transition metal compound, the improvement which comprises adding to the effluent about 50 to 65% of the calculated quantity of H2O2 required for the total oxidation of the total COD-content of the effluent, the transition metal compound being dissolved in the efflu ent in an amount such that the molar ratio of H2O2 to transition metal is from about 30:1 to 3:1, bringing the pH initially to about 2 to 9, maintaining the effluent at about 5 to 100 C., and separating from the effluent whatever material has flocculated. Thereafter the efflu ent can be subjected to conventional biological degra dation such as by the activated sludge process.


Gender-studies scholars describe the ways relationships within the family in fluence the gender identity of males and females, while composition special ists study the social nature of writing. In the areas of self-disclosure, control, trust, perceptions ofgroup and ofconflict, congruence, and reward, these gen der roles affect the abilities of men and women to collaborate successfully and determine their responses to interpersonal conflict. Through classroom activi ties and journal keeping, students can learn the limits ofgender roles and have access to a full range of collaborative strategies.


Objective to investigate the treatment probability of laparoscopic partial or subtotal intersphincteric resection for ultra-low rectal cancer. Clinical data of 14 patients with ultra-low rectal cancer who have underwent laparoscopic partial or subtotal intersphincteric resection between January 2013 and February 2014 in gastrointestinal surgery was collected. Clinical application effect of laparoscopic partial or subtotal intersphincteric resection for ultra-low rectal cancer was analyzed.Results: Among all the cases, nobody got peri-operative death, one patient got partial anastomotic crack a week after operation and another patient got 12 days postoperative anastomotic fistula, both of whom cured through conservative treatment. During the 6- 54-month follow-up, there was 1 case of local recurrence after 6 months of operation. The anal functions of all patients turned out to be in Kirwan class 1 or 2 and 1 patient got anastomotic stenosis, who required regular expansion treatment. Conclusion Laparoscopic partial or subtotal intersphincteric resection for ultra-low rectal cancer was a safe and possible operational method. Keywords: Intersphincteric resection; Laparoscopic surgery; Rectal cancer.


The positron annihilation lifetime technique has been employed to investigate the role of nano-sized copper precipitate formation in the irradiation embrittlement of Fe-Cu model alloys with 0.15 wt. % and 1.0 wt. % copper. The samples were irradiated with a 3.0 MeV proton to a dose of 10 -3 dpa (displacement per atom) below 353 K. Positron lifetime and micro-Vickers hardness were measured at the as-irradiated state and after annealing at 523 K for 30 min. Positron lifetime measurements were performed with a lifetime spectrometer with a time resolution of about 230 ps (FWHM) and a positron source of 22 Na (0.7 MBq). The microhardness change after irradiation clearly showed irradiation-induced hardening. The lifetime spectrums were decomposed into two lifetime components. The longer lifetimes showing the formation of three-dimensional vacancy clusters (microvoid) depend on the Cu content. These results suggest that the irradiation-induced vacancies are incorporated into the copper precipitates. Introduction Positrons have been used to study solids in various ways for more than 40 years. One of the distinguished areas of positron research is the study of defects because there are few other nondestructive techniques that can compete with the sensitivity and selectivity of positron. A traditional experiment with positrons uses a relatively weak positron emitting radioisotope (~ 0.7 MBq) located near the sample to be studied. The continuous energy distribution from zero to the endpoint energy (e.g., 0.54 MeV for 22 Na) allows for these bulk measurements [1]. Positrons that enter the sample thermalize within a 10 -11 sec and the depths are large (i.e., hundreds of μm) compared with the mean diffusion length (of order of 0.1 μm) [2, 3]. Positrons diffusing through matter may be trapped in crystal imperfections, e.g. vacancies and dislocations. The wave function of the positron trapped in such a defect is localized until it annihilates with an electron of an immediate surrounding into γ-rays. Since the local electron density (positron lifetime spectroscopy) and the electron momentum distribution (Doppler-broadening spectroscopy and angular correlation of annihilation radiation) are changed with respect to the defect-free crystal, annihilation radiation can be utilized to obtain the information on the localization site. The positron lifetime τ is a function of the electron density at the annihilation site. The annihilation rate λ is given by the overlap of the positron density 2 ) ( ) ( r r n + + = ψ and the electron density ) (r n− [4] dr r n r c r γ ψ π τ λ ) ( ) ( 1 2 2 0 − + ∫ = = (1) where, 0 r is the classical electron radius, c is the speed of light, and r is the position vector. Due to the locally reduced electron density of the defect, the positron lifetime increases with respect to the defect-free sample. Thus, a longer lifetime component, which is a measure of the size of the open volume, appears. The intensity of this component is related to the defect concentration. In principle, Key Engineering Materials Online: 2004-08-15 ISSN: 1662-9795, Vols. 270-273, pp 2250-2255 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.270-273.2250 © 2004 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications Ltd, www.scientific.net. (Semanticscholar.org-13/03/20,17:38:22) Title of Publication (to be inserted by the publisher) both the type and concentration of the defect under investigation can be obtained independently by a single measurement. This is the major advantage of positron lifetime spectroscopy compared with Doppler-broadening spectroscopy and the angular correlation of annihilation radiation with respect to defect issues. It has been generally accepted that radiation hardening of pressure vessel steels is the sum of matrix hardening and the hardening due to radiation-enhanced copper precipitation. In recent years, most extensive researches have been focused on the copper-rich precipitate (CRP) formed during neutron irradiation [5-8]. However, the details of the nature, structure and the process of the formation of the CRP's have not been fully understood yet. In the present study, positron lifetime and the Vickers microhardness measurement are employed to investigate the microvoid formation, copper precipitate and their influence on the irradiation hardening of Fe-Cu model alloys. Fig. 1. A block diagram of positron lifetime spectrometer (Fast-Fast Coincidence System). PMT: photomultiplier tube, SCA: single channel analyzer, ADC: analog to digital converter, TRUMP-PCI: multi-channel analyzer card and emulation software. Experimental Specimens of this study were pure iron (99.99+ %, Goodfellow Co.) and Fe-Cu alloys model alloys with 0.15 wt. % and 1.0 wt. % copper. The Fe-Cu model alloys were made from electrolytic iron (99.99 %) and copper (99.99 %) by induction melting in an Ar-gas atmosphere. The alloys were cold-rolled to about 1.0 mm in thickness and PAL and micro-Vickers hardness specimens (10 mm × 10 mm) were machined from the sheets. All the specimens were annealed at 1123 K for 4 hours, followed by quenching in water. The specimens were mechanically polished using SiC paper (grit 600 2400) and then chemically polished in a 80 % hydrogen peroxide-5 % hydrofluoric acid-15 % distilled water solution to remove the contamination introduced during the heat treatment. These samples were irradiated with a 3.0 MeV proton to a dose of 3×10/cm below 353 K in the Tandetron Accelerator at the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resource. Positron lifetime and micro-Vickers hardness were measured on the as-irradiated state and after annealing at 523 K for 30 min. Positron lifetime measurements were performed with a usual fast-fast time spectrometer with a time resolution of about 230 ps (FWHM) and positron source of 22 Na (0.7 MBq) sealed with Al foil. Schematic representation of the spectrometer is shown in Fig. 1. The lifetime spectra were analyzed with the PATFIT-88 program [9]. Micro-Vickers microhardness was measured with a conventional apparatus with a load of 10 g for 15 seconds. Thereby, an average hardness of at least 15 indentations on each sample was obtained. Key Engineering Materials Vols. 270-273 2251


The Management Audit as developed by the American Institute of Management may be defined as a procedure for systematically examining, analyzing, and appraising a management's overall performance. T...


The work reported in this paper aims at a better understanding of the magnetic doping effects on the structural and electrical properties for a series of YBa2(Cu1-xCox)3O7-δ ceramics. The Co doped YBa2Cu3O7-δ are (YBCO) prepared by conventional solid state reaction method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and resistivity measurements. The crystal lattice parameters are found to change due to the cobalt doping and tendency to a structure phase transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal, which is confirmed by the decrease of the degree of orthorhombicity. The morphology examination with SEM revealed gradual increases of grain size with x = 0.02 Co, a high porosity is observed in the doped samples compared to the pure one. The decomposition temperature of YBCO is pushed from temperatures above 975°C to lower temperatures of 945°C. The resistivity measurements of doped samples with x = 0.04 and 0.06; shows a deviation in from T-linear behavior due to the opening of a pseudogap.


OBJECTIVE
The present study aims to evaluate the environmental role in the distribution of hypertension, obesity, and smoking and spousal concordance for the presence/absence of these 3 cardiovascular risk factors.

METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The households were randomly selected. Odds ratios were estimated to measure spousal concordance, across socioeconomic levels.

RESULTS
Overall a significant aggregation of all 3 risk factors was present. The crude odds ratio for hypertension was 1.78 (95%CI=1.02-3.08); for obesity, it was 1.80 (95%CI=1.09-2.96); and for smoking, it was 3.40 (95% CI=2.07-5.61). The spousal concordance for hypertension decreased significantly (p<0.001) from the lower to the higher educational level. In the case of obesity and smoking, the opposite was observed, although p-values for the linear trend were 0.10 and 0.08, respectively.

CONCLUSION
In lower socioeconomic levels, couples are more concordant for hypertension and discordant for smoking. For hypertension and smoking, education seems to be a discriminant stronger than income, but for obesity the 2 socioeconomic indicators seem to represent different aspects of the environmental determinants of risk factor distribution.


Summary

Three common gel-chromatography materials have been calibrated for humic acid, using fractionated samples the molecular weights of which were calculated by combining sedimentation coefficients determined on the ultracentrifuge with diffusion coefficients.

The gel materials were found to have the following fractionation ranges for humic acid when tris buffer was used: Sephadex G-100, 2500 to 100000; Bio Gel P-150, below 1000 to 40000; Sepharose 6B, 1500 to 2500000. Borax buffer appeared to extend the range of Sephadex G-100 to lower molecular weights.

A brief comparison is made of the retention behaviours of humic acid, proteins, and dextrans on the gel materials.


This study points out that a malicious communicant in Hwang et al.'s probabilistic quantum key distribution (PQKD) protocol can manipulate the secret key without being detected by using the unitary operation attack. Accordingly, the security requirements of a PQKD protocol, i.e., unpredictability and fairness, cannot be satisfied in their protocol. A possible solution is also provided to solve the problem.


BACKGROUND
Variant transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (ATTR-v) is a well-characterized disease affecting the neurologic and cardiovascular systems. Patisiran has been approved for neurologic involvement as it reduces hepatic synthesis of transthyretin (TTR). Eye involvement is a late-onset feature increasing the risk of glaucoma and cataracts in patients. The aim of this case series was to assess whether patisiran can effectively reduce TTR synthesis in such a barrier-protected organ as the eye.

METHODS
Two patisiran-treated ATTR-v patients underwent serum and aqueous humor sampling to measure TTR levels detected by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. Serum samples were compared to a healthy control (HC), whereas aqueous humor samples were compared to non-amyloidotic subjects affected by cataracts and glaucoma.

RESULTS
Serum TTR levels representative of hepatic synthesis were sharply lower in treated patients if compared to the HC (-87.5% and -93.75% respectively). Aqueous humor TTR levels showed mild-to- no reduction in treated patients compared to non-amyloidotic subjects with cataracts (-34.9% and +8.1% respectively) and glaucoma (-41.1% and -2.1%).

CONCLUSIONS
Patisiran does not seem to be so effective in inhibiting ocular TTR synthesis as it is in inhibiting hepatic synthesis. Re-engineering the envelope could allow the drug to target RPE cells thus avoiding any ocular involvement.


Myxosoma cyprini sp. n. is described in the gills of the red shiner, Notropis lutrensis, and golden shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas, from Oklahoma. Cysts measuring 0.3 ua or less occur adjacent to capillary endothelial cells of secondary gill lamellae. Infected fish were collected in October 1971 and in June 1972. M. cyprini is disporoblastic and development is asynchronous. Mature spores are pyriform in front view and lenticular when viewed from the side. Fresh spores average 14.4 A in length by 8.0 uL in width by 7.5 u in thickness. Polar capsules are pyriform and 7.1 u long by 3.0 u wide. Approximately 9 windings of the polar filaments are seen inside each capsule. Extruded polar filaments are 100 to 110 A long. Mucous envelopes are present. All of the 35 red shiners and 9 of 10 golden shiners contained M. cyprini. Host reactive cells do not appear at the locus of the parasite. A new species of Myxosoma was found in the branchial tissues of two cyprinoid fishes, the red shiner, Notropis lutrensis, and the golden shiner, Notemigonus crysoleucas. Immature and mature stages of the parasite are described herein. The specific name M. cyprini, referring to the hosts' family name, is proposed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two red shiners were collected by seining Little Stillwater Creek, Payne County, Oklahoma, on 2 October 1971. Thirteen more red shiners and 10 golden shiners were collected from the same site on 8 June 1972. Portions of infected gills were macerated in water on glass slides or were fixed for 4 to 16 hr in a cold 2% glutaraldehyde solution containing 0.5% acrolein, 4.0 mM calcium chloride, and buffered by 0.2 M sodium cacodylate to pH 7.4. Fixed tissues containing the parasite were washed in cold 0.22 M sucrose in the cacodylate buffer and either examined as squashed preparations with phase contrast (Zeiss system) or embedded for sectioning. The embedding steps included postfixation for 30 min in 2% Os04 in the cacodylate buffer, dehydration in a graded ethanol series, and infiltration in Spurr's low-viscosity medium ("hard" formula; Polysciences, Industrial Park, Warren, Pennsylvania). The embedment was polymerized at 37 to 40 C for 4 hr and 64 to 70 C for 6 to 7 hr. Sections, 1 /t thick, were cut with glass knives on a Porter-Blum MT-2 ultramicrotome, mounted on glass slides, and stained on a hot plate with 0.5% toluidine blue in 1% sodium borate. Stained sections were rinsed in running water, air-dried, flooded with immersion oil, and cover-slipped. Observations of stained sections were made by both bright-field and phasecontrast optics using 125 to 2,500X magnification. Mucous envelopes were demonstrated in fresh spores by the method of Lom and Vavra (1963). Received for publication 18 July 1973. Description of the sporogenic stages and spores is based on composite findings in both fresh and fixed unstained smears. Description of the plasmodium and of its spatial relationship to host tissues is based on observations of sectioned and


In order to increase the efficiency of the optimization design and reduce the computation,a method was applied to the aerodynamic optimization design of the rotor blade of the transonic compressor,which integrated the experiment of design method and response surface model with the genetic algorithm.First,the samples were generated by the Latin hypercube sampling(LHS).Then the response surface model was constructed by the samples,which was applied to replace the CAE software.Finally,the rotor blade was optimized by the genetic algorithm and the solution of the optimal design was verified by the software of the numerical computation.In order to prove the feasibility of the method,the method was applied to the stacking line of NASA Rotor37,the objective function was the loss coefficient of the total pressure.The result showed that the loss coefficient of the total pressure decreased 0.528%,the time was 28 hours.


The invention relates to a recovery method of secondary products of iminodiacetonitrile and a mother liquid treatment method. The recovery method comprises the following steps of: (1) introducing ammonia gas to a mother liquid of iminodiacetonitrile to adjust the pH value of a feed liquid to alkalinity; (2) dividing the still feed liquid after stirring reaction in the step (1) into two remarkable layers, namely an organic feed layer and a sulfate aqueous liquor layer, and separating the two phases; (3) cooling, crystallizing and centrifugalizing the organic feed layer to recover the secondary products of iminodiacetonitrile; (4) after performing decoloring treatment on the sulfate aqueous liquor by activated carbon adsorption, feeding the liquor into an evaporation system to obtain a byproduct ammonium sulfate. The method provided by the invention is simple in process and low in investment. Even more importantly, the method provided by the invention can be used for effectively recovering secondary products of iminodiacetonitrile, so that the production yield of a workshop is improved. The sulfate aqueous liquor obtained can be used for recovering the byproduct ammonium sulfate, so that the production cost is lowered.


Stanton E. Shuler, Jr. LEAKE & ANDERSON , LLP New Orleans, Louisiana ―Summertime and the living is easy,‖ so the song goes, but not so this summer. From the debt crisis, to the wild roller coaster ride of the stock market, to the unrelenting heat in the Midwest and terrible draught in Texas, the summer of 2011 has, like many product liability cases, presented many unexpected challenges -some new, some not so new. Keeping in step with challenges new and old, our contributing authors to this Summer edition of the N e ws l e t t e r a d d r e s s i s s u e s f r o m "Greenwashing" and the U.S. Supreme Court's recent decision in Nicastro, to defending a fire claim and applying the Learned Intermediary Doctrine to Off-Label Use claims. The insight they provide just might change the way you respond to the next claim confronting one of your products.


Within the lower member the knee plays an important role in daily locomotor activities; however, several factors such as sedentarism, lack of exercise or incorrect postures may lead to possible musculoskeletal problems. The global impact of massif growth of mobile market, smartphones are becoming a suitable tool for providing information and services to users, resulting in increasing adoption of e-health and m-health solutions. This project explores the development of an application for mobile devices and web that provides information about functional anatomy, common injuries, musculoskeletal disorders along with prevention tips and health care exercises.


Eight species of Euglenophyceae from Surmariverin Bangladesh are reported in this paper. The species are: Euglena hyaline Klebs, E. robertilamii Lefèvre , Phacus gigas Da Cunha, P. pseudoplatalea Pochm., P. triqueter (Ehr.) Duj.var. oblonga Shi, Trachelomonas scabra Playf. var. labiata (Teiling) H.-P., Trachelomonas spiculifera Palmer, and T.umbili copora Conradare. After a careful review on the list of euglenoid algae of Bangladesh, all these eight species are found to be new addition, and hitherto described here for the first time in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 30(1): 107-110, 2023 (June)