Puzzling anomalies previously observed in multipulse NMR experiments in natural abundance 29Si [A.E. Dementyev, D. Li, K. MacLean, and S.E. Barrett, Phys. Rev. B 68, 153302 (2003)] such as long-lived spin echoes and even-odd asymmetries, are also found in polycrystalline C60. Further experiments controlling the phases and tilting angles of the pulse trains, as well as analytical and numerical calculations allowed us to explain the origin of these anomalies. We prove that the observation of long magnetization tails requires two conditions: i) an rf field inhomogeneity able to produce different tilting angles in different sites of the sample and ii) the absence of spin diffusion (non-effective flip-flop interactions). The last requirement is easily satisfied in diluted dipolar solids, where the frequency differences between sites, caused by disorder or other sources, are usually at least one order of magnitude larger than the dipolar couplings. Both conditions lead to the generation of stimulated echoes in Carr-Purcell (CP) and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse trains. We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that the stimulated echoes interfere constructively or destructively with the normal (Hahn) echoes depending on the alternation or not of the pi pulse phases in the CP and the CPMG sequences. Constructive interferences occur for the CP and CPMG sequences with and without phase alternation respectively, which are the cases where long magnetization tails are observed. Sequences with two, three and four pi pulses after the pi/2 pulse allow us to disentangle the contributions of the different echoes and show how the stimulated echoes originate the even-odd asymmetry observed in both 29Si and C60 polycrystalline samples.


When egg white was heated to between 50° and 60°C, a new protein band appeared in its polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic pattern. The formation of the protein band in stored egg white was almost the same as that of fresh egg white. This protein band was shown to be induced by the interaction between macroglobulin and lysozyme during the egg white heating. The optimum temperature for its formation was between 54°C and 57°C. This band formation may be used as an indicator for heat treatment of egg white.


1 .1 The Function of Astronomical Telescopes Astronomical telescopes are devices which collect as much radiation from astronomical (stellar) objects and put it in as sharp (small) an image as possible. Both collecting area and angular resolution play a role. The relative merit of these two functions has changed over the years in optical astronomy, with the angular resolution initially dominating and then, as the atmospheric seeing limit was reached, the collecting area becoming the most important factor. Therefore it is the habit these days to express the quality of a telescope by its (collecting) diameter rather than by its angular resolution. With the introduction of techniques that overcome the limits set by atmospheric seeing, the emphasis is changing back to angular res olution. This time, however, the constraint is set by the diffraction limit of the telescope so that both angular resolution and collecting power of a telescope will be determined by its diameter. Both telescope functions will therefore go hand-in-hand. Although speckle image reconstruction techniques have been successful in giving diffraction-limited images, the most powerful and promising technique for all astronomical applications is the one using adaptive optics. For an unresolved image, this technique puts most of the collected photons in as small an image as possible, thereby allowing better discrimination against the sky background, improving high spectral and spatial resolution spectroscopy, and enhancing inter-


Medium period variations of ambient noise from time series measurements at two sites in shallow Bay of Bengal is reported. The noise at site1 is contributed by local shipping as well as wind, while at site2 wind is the dominant noise source. The data is analyzed for noise properties in the 0.1–7.5 kHz band. An increase in average noise level of up to 10 dB is noted for site1 owing to ship traffic contribution. The statistics of noise samples is reported in terms of standard deviation σ of the measured levels relative to the mean. Standard deviation values exhibit a wide range and decreases from 5 dB at low frequencies to 1.5 dB at 7.5 kHz. For site2, the standard deviation varies from 4.0 dB at low frequencies to 2 dB at 7.5 kHz and consistency is seen in the frequency band 2.0–6 kHz thus ascertaining strong influence of uniform noise source wind in this band. Wind speed dependence on noise variability is checked and it shows a decrease in standard deviation for increase in wind speeds and drops down to 1–2 dB for 5 beau fort. For higher wind speeds highly variable local shipping noise is better masked by wind/sea state noise which is uniform in nature.


This study aims to determine the perception of EFL students towards learning English during the COVID-19 pandemic at SMKN 3 Medan. The data collection is done through interviews. There were 6 students of grade XI APL 4 participating in this study. Since this research has explored students' perception and motivation derived from students' experiences during distance studying carried out due to the covid-19 pandemic. Descriptive research using qualitative technique is considered the right approach. The results of this study are presented descriptively to reveal students' perception and motivation comprehensively. The result found that E-Learning got a bad perception because it was flexible and ineffective.


The nature and extent of interpersonal exchange of care and help may indicate solidarity and cohesion in modern society. This article focuses on intergenerational solidarity. On the basis of empirical data from an earlier research project on giving in the Netherlands, the authors examine the nature and determinants of intergenerational solidarity and compare the relative importance of familial and intergenerational solidarity with solidarity toward friends. The results of their analyses show that solidarity toward parents and solidarity toward friends are based on different types of feelings. Familial solidarity appears still to have an overriding importance when compared to solidarity toward friends; however, this is so only in terms of the frequency of offered assistance and care and not in terms of the accompanying feelings: love and affection are reserved for helping friends, whereas Durkheimian norms of moral obligation are the main feeling people have when helping their parents.


ABSTRACT This article reviews the molecular genetic data pertaining to the major surface glycoprotein (MSG) gene family of Pneumocystis carinii and its role in surface variation and compares this fungal system to antigenic variation systems in the protozoanTrypanosoma brucei and the bacteriaBorrelia spp.


The DFT-B3LYP method with the basis set 6-311G* * was employed to calculate the molecular geometries and electronic structures of 25 etheric compounds. E(HOMO),E(LOMO),E(NHOMO),E(NLOMO),ET,QH,Q-,μ and V were selected as structural parameters to study the toxicity(pC) of such ethers to embryonic mice,which were used to establish the quantitative structure-activity relationships(QSAR).The results indicate that there is a good multivariate linear relationship between the experimental value of the toxicity to embryonic mice and the total energy of molecules(ET),the secondary highest occupied orbital energies(E(NHOMO)).The principle structural factors having an effect on the toxicity to embryonic mice were discussed.


While engaged in artifical rearing of Echinus miliaris under the guidance of Prof. MacBride, I have come across a number of abnormal plutei which had the hydrocœle developed on the right side instead of in its normal position on the left side. Such reversed larvae were first found on May 31, 1920, when they were eleven days old (text-fig. 1). The "larval" body was quite normal both in size and shape, but the hydrocœle, stone-canal, axial sinus, madreporic vesicle, and amniotic invagination were all situated on the right side, so that the larva became a perfect mirror-image of the normal larva. Such larvae developed further with exactly the same rate of growth as the normal ones, an echinus-rudiment being well developed on the right side, until at last, when a month old, some few of them passed metamorphosis. The young urchins (text-fig. 2) showed no features visible externally which differed from those of urchins metamorphosed from normal larvae. A similar case has previously been described only by Runnstrom in two individuals found among artifically reared larvae of Strongylocentrotus lividus ((9), pp. 2–3, 7–10; (12), pp. 419–24, Plate 14, figs. 12–16). In other classes of Echinoderms, auriculariae with the hydrocœle on the right side were noticed by Muller many years ago ((7), pp. 101, 109; Plate 5, fig. 1), and a similar state of affairs in two plutei of Ophionotus hexactis has recently been discovered by Mortensen. In both these case the abnormal larvae were found in nature, not reared under artificial conditions. The purpose of our experiments was to repeat Prof. MacBride's method of artifical production of the double hydrocœle (6). Having been unable to get an uninterrupted supply of enough food, which consisted of Nitzchia , and from other causes unknown to us at present, we could not arrive at any satisfactory conclusion so far as the effect of the increased salinity is concerned. From both lots of cultures, treated with the "hypertonic" sea water as well as untreated, more than 10 per cent. of the larvae exhibited the situs inversus, and much less number, 2 per cent. at most, developed the double hydrocœle.


A new method for the characterization and determination of crystalline miokamycin in a pharmaceutical preparation using near infrared spectroscopy is proposed. The procedure involves the identification against a spectral library of samples with contents above the legal limit (viz. 5% of the crystalline form in amorphous miokamycin) using the Mahalanobis distance as the discriminating criterion, and the determination of the total and crystalline contents using partial least squares models that provide errors <1%. The proposed method was validated following the ICH guidelines. Its simplicity and expeditiousness make it highly suitable for quality control analyses of solid dosage forms.


We investigate a history of reseahches of a nonlinear elliptic equation with jumping nonlinearity, under Dirichlet boundary condition. The investigation will be focussed on the researches by topological methods. We also add recent researches, relations between multiplicity of solutions and source terms of tile equation when the nonlinearity crosses two eigenvalues and the source term is generated by three eigenfunctions.


An algorithm is presented for the computation of the $L_1$-norm of a linear time-invariant continuous-time system. It is based on the numerical integration of the impulse response and is shown to be quadratically convergent.


Duplication of the gastrointestinal tract occur any part of the alimentary tract from the tongue to the anus. Male have slightly more predominance than females. Gastrointestinal duplication will have a varied presentation. Ileum and the oesophagus are most commonly involved. Colonic duplication is rare and can present with diagnostic difficulties. Gastrointestinal duplication has presence of well developed coat of smooth muscle, intimately attached to the gastrointestinal tract in the mesentric region and show a common blood supply with the native bowel. Sometime it will have an epithelial lining representing some portion of the alimentary tract.


One of the issues on which most of the muslimcommunity emphasize is to be decent with Islamic morals. Considering the ethical works it will be realized that it is estimated in propotion to the resultof human behavior. This study focuses on not only the behavioral ethics but also the mental aspect. The oppurtunity of being decent is possible with Considering some of concepts. The concepts wich are mentioned are traditions, modernity and heart. In this context, this work, consist of three parts.. The first chapter focuses on the moral values of Islam. In the second part, processed that it is pssible to be ethic with moral values of Islam with using heart. The final section it is treated that the discussion of tradition and modernism is neglect the moral values of Islam.


The interpretation of 32 Schlumberger vertical electrical sounding (VES) data was carried out at Samaru College of Agriculture, A.B.U, Zaria, Sabongari Local government area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. This is an attempt to investigate the groundwater potential and the geologic characteristics of the overburden of the area. Terrameter signal averaging system (SAS) model 300 was the instrument used. No booster was used as the expected depth is within the range of penetration of the instrument. In this instrument consecutive readings are taken automatically and the results averaged continuously and displayed. The schlumberger electrode configuration was used in the data acquisition. The field procedure consists of expanding AB (distance between current electrodes) while MN (distance between potential electrodes) is fixed. This process yields a rapidly decreasing potential difference across MN, which eventually exceeds the measuring capacity of the instrument; therefore a larger value for MN was taken to continue with the survey. The VES curves were interpreted using IPI2Win resistivity computer software. The survey area is dominated by mainly four layers, namely: Overburden, Weathered basement, fractured basement and Fresh basement. The overburden consists of laterites, clay and fadama loam. The results of the interpreted VES data showed that The Overburden thickness varies from 1.3 to 5.2m, with an average of 3.1m. The lowest overburden depth is at VES20 where the depth to basement is as low as 6m. A map was produced by contouring all the overburden depths at each VES point at an interval of 0.5m. The map shows the variation of the topsoil depth from one place to another within the survey Area which is an indication of the inhomogenuity of the subsurface structures. The thickness of the aquifer varied from 1-35m with an average of 18m. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n12p95


This paper assesses the statistical reliability of different measures of the output gap the multivariate Hodrick-Prescott Filter, the multivariate unobserved components method and the structural vector autoregressive model in the Euro area. Three criteria are used: the consistency of descriptive statistics, the forecasting performance in terms of inflation and some measures of uncertainty. Our results indicate that these multivariate methods provide some useful information relative to standard univariate models. JEL Classification: C32, E32


Using a Markov model, we study the evolution of open populations subject to periodical reclassifications considering a random number of entrances. In this paper, we focus on the estimation of the subpopulations' relative sizes, obtaining maximum likelihood (ML) estimators, asymptotic distributions, and confidence regions. We show, under general conditions, that the stable distribution is dependent on the rate of entrances to the population. We illustrate the model by estimating the evolution of a population of a pension fund beneficiaries.


An 18-year-old female patient presented with complaint of swelling on the lower right side of the face since six months. Swelling was initially small but gradually increased in size up to the present dimension within four months. Since two months there was no increase in the size of the swelling. There was no history of trauma, paresthesia, pain or fever. Patient was having difficulty in mastication. On general physical examination, the patient was well nourished and her vital signs were normal. The past medical history was non-contributory.

Extraoral examination revealed facial asymmetry due to swelling on the right body of the mandible which measured about 8cm X 6cm extending antero-posteriorly from right parasymphysis to the angle of mandible and inferiorly involving the inferior cortex and extending into the submandibular region crossing the midline. Skin over the swelling was normal and surface was smooth [Table/Fig-1]. On palpation, site, size and extent of swelling was confirmed. Swelling was firm in consistency and was tender on palpation.

[Table/Fig-1]:

Extraoral photograph showing swelling on the right side of the body of the mandible crossing the midline and extending to the submandibular region.

On intraoral examination, the right mandibular region showed a swelling extending from tooth # 43 to tooth # 47. It measured about 6cm X 2cm, obliterating the buccal sulcus. It was firm in consistency and was tender on palpation. The mucosa overlying the area was intact. On the lingual side too, there was swelling in the premolar and molar region which was firm and smooth [Table/Fig-2]. Teeth # 43 to 48 and # 33 to 38 tested positive for pulp vitality. Provisional diagnosis of benign odontogenic tumor was given. Patient was advised hematological and biochemical laboratory tests, panoramic radiograph, mandibular right lateral occlusal radiograph and CT scan. Hematological and biochemical laboratory tests were within normal limits.

[Table/Fig-2]:

Intraoral photograph of the mandibular right quadrant showing buccal and lingual swelling / cortical expansion in the premolar and molar region.

A mandibular right lateral occlusal radiograph revealed single large multilocular radiolucent lesion extending from distal surface of lower right lateral incisor to the lower right third molar extending to involve buccal and lingual cortices. Multiple thin straight septae were seen in the molar region and curved septae were seen in the anterior region [Table/Fig-3].

[Table/Fig-3]:

Right mandibular lateral occlusal view shows single large multilocular radiolucent lesion extending from distal surface of lower right lateral incisor to the lower right third molar involving buccal and lingual cortices.

Panoramic radiograph revealed single large multilocular osteolytic radiolucent lesion involving the right body and inferior half of the ramus extending from midline. Superiorly extending to involve the crestal bone and inferiorly closely approximating the inferior cortex. The lesion was not well defined. The internal structure was radiolucent with thick radiopaque curved septae seen in the body region and thin straight septae seen in the crestal bone. Widening of periodontal space was seen uniformly, involving first, second and third molar. Root resorption was seen till apical third of mesial root of first molar and distal root of second molar. There was marked resorption of the inferior cortex with Sunburst Periosteal reaction in relation to right mandibular body [Table/Fig-4].

[Table/Fig-4]:

Panoramic radiograph shows single large multilocular radiolucent osteolytic lesion extending from the midline involving the right body and inferior half of the ramus with a marked scalloped shaped resorption of the inferior cortex that presents a sunburst ...

CT scan of mandible and neck showed that there was destruction of the right body and ramus of the mandible with associated soft tissue component containing bony spicules within the mass extending medially, displacing the mylohyoid muscle and the tongue towards the opposite side [Table/Fig-5]. Anteriorly the mass extended into the soft tissue of the cheek. Periosteal reaction was observed with sunburst appearance [Table/Fig-6].

[Table/Fig-5]:

CT Scan of the mandible shows an osteolytic lesion on the right side involving the body and ramus with mild expansion and destruction of the medial cortex.

[Table/Fig-6]:

CT Scan of the mandible shows a sunburst periosteal reaction.

The differential diagnosis considered was osteosarcoma, ameloblastoma and odontogenic myxoma. Incisional biopsy was performed under local anesthesia and subjected to histopathological examination.

On microscopic examination, the stained H & E section showed a loose myxomatous stroma. The stroma made up of stellate shaped cells with long cytoplasmic processess anastomosing with each other. Each cell has a prominent darkly staining nucleus. A few fibroblasts and collagen fibers were seen in between the myxoid stroma. The histopathology report was suggestive of a diagnosis of odontogenic myxoma [Table/Fig-7].

[Table/Fig-7]:

H & E section shows a loose myxomatous stroma.

The patient was admitted for surgery. Hemi-mandibulectomy of the right side was done preserving the condyle and coronoid process of the mandible and primary reconstruction was done by taking graft from the fibular region. Maxillomandibular fixation was maintained for 45 days [Table/Fig-8,,9].9]. Microscopic examination of the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of Odontogenic Myxoma. During the one year post-surgical follow up, there was no evidence of any recurrence.

[Table/Fig-8]:

Post-operative intraoral photograph shows Vicryl sutures placed over the surgical site of the hemisected right half of the mandible with intermaxillary fixation done on the left side.

[Table/Fig-9]:

Post-operative radiograph shows resection of mandible on the right side with preservation of condyle and coronoid process and placement of an 'L' shaped reconstruction graft fixed with three bone plates one in the anterior region and two ...


The liquid crystal alignment of fluorinated carbon films which deposited on the ITO glass has been improved by plasma beam aligning. The a-C:F films properties and LC cell measurement were estimated to investigate the relationship between the gaseous H2/Ar ratio and LC alignment characteristics. It was found that the ion bombardment of films have a minimal impact on the alignment properties. Moreover, the H2/Ar plasma beam aligning induces bond-breaking and chain scission from the XPS results. Finally, the F/C ratio of a-C:F films could be controlled by the H2/Ar ratio and it could indicated the pretilt angle.


Urban remote sensing by ultra high resolution SAR opens possibilities of recognizing detailed structures and object features beyond the field known from SAR imagery showing meter resolution. SAR data with decimeter spacing or better are a challenge for automatic recognition and reconstruction of detailed structures which were until now extracted from optical data only. This paper addresses current activities on exploiting ultra high resolution SAR images of urban areas.


The purpose of this paper is to describe the links existing between business quality and business ethics, making particular reference to the definition, in ethical terms, of the so-called 'Quality Next Future'. Since, it has been unanimously asserted that the concept of quality is first of all a cultural value, regarding the concept of business quality in the entire system of company values around which business management is carried out, then every forecast of future quality is, in effect, a forecast of the changes in company culture. In our view, therefore, defining quality next future means defining company culture next future, this means that we have to imagine how the company's values, attitude and behaviour will evolve in the third millennium. It is essential to start by looking at the particular relationship between the business and partner-political-economical context in which it operates. It is also worth mentioning the main interrelationship created by changes in the environment and entrepreneurial behaviour. The company, being the primary agent of these changes, must relate to an external context in which progress is becoming more and more intense and, unfortunately, more difficult to predict. However, it is not our intention to outline, in a complete and persuasive way, the complex of innovative phenomena that have particularly marked the last few years and which, probably, represent only the first signs of deeper and more pervasive change. We will instead limit ourselves to a mere listing of facts that seem to have made an impression on the economy in general and on business life in particular. We will mainly be looking at economics rather than political and social matters.


The theoretical analysis on the prominent limitations of Monel-400 welding container is given.The technical assessment and measurement for typical welding craftwork in Monel alloy containers are summarized through a series of tests of welding and constructing practices,which makes a contribution to optimize the live welding of such equipment and promote the repair rate for similar equipment in welding.


The Drop-Proof Valus is mainly used to solve the phenomenon of water loss that is caused by dripping water without taking record in the process of water supply,which main principle is to change the slow flow of water dripping into a intermittent status that vary from static to fast flow by fits and starts,that can root out the phenomenon of inaccurate measurement of water meters caused by slow flow.


The invention discloses a pyromagnetic effect collection and test system of rheological bodies with defects, which includes a sensor group, thermal phases, a synchronous collection device and a power source, wherein, the sensor group is connected with a stepper motor drive mechanism and a PC data collection system. The sensor group includes 66 SS495 linear hall sensors which have 8 multiplied by 8 matrix arrangement on a detection plane, and uses three one-out-of-eight multiway switches with eight alternatives as a control switch of positive and negative power sources and output signals. Eachgroup of eight sensors are connected as a three dimensional matrix according to columns, rows and the direction of 45 degrees. The pyromagnetic effect collection and test system of rheological bodieswith defects provides multiple test methods and measures for the material damage mechanism of rheological bodies with defects.


This paper examines the impact of making Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) certificates more accessible to the public. On the one hand, such an approach facilitates the process for small and large businesses to acquire certifications from Certificate Authorities (CAs), making their clients feel secure. On the other hand, such accessibility enabled many phishers to take advantage of this and pose as legitimate entities. This paper illustrates the phishers' eagerness to imitate existing websites. Furthermore, we will explore the role and responsibility of several parties, namely the Certificate Authority (CA), the browser provider, the website, and the Internet users. The paper also analyzes the results of a survey conducted to determine university students' understanding of HTTPS meaning and offers recommendations to overcome this issue.


Social work profession practice orientation of the special education should put special attention to the teaching practice.To achieve good effects of pratical teaching,we have to change ideas,and import high quality professionals and promoting the development and improve the practice of education productivity and improve the management systems.


The textbook is intended for the development of theoretical material and the implementation of the course work of bachelors in the field of preparation 35.03.06 Agroengineering of the Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education, the focus "Machinery and equipment for the storage and processing of agricultural products" contains information on the basic methods of calculating transport and technological equipment of processing enterprises of crop production. The textbook contains the information necessary for the formation of professional competencies in the preparation of bachelors in the direction of 35.03.06 "Agroengineering" and is recommended by the Scientific and Methodological Council on Technologies, Means of Mechanization and Energy Equipment in Agriculture of the Federal UMO for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries for use in the educational process.


The morphological nature of the last common ancestor (LCA) of chimpanzees/bonobos and humans is a fascinating topic in human evolution. Available evidence suggests that both lineages share a LCA that lived in Africa ∼8–6 Myr. However, the hominoid fossil record of this time period is inadequate, prompting the use of novel methodological approaches to reconstruct the anatomy of this key ancestor. In a recent example, Young et al. (1) claim that "fossil hominin shoulders support an African ape-like last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees." Although I applaud these authors for implementing novel comparative methods to paleoanthropology, fundamental aspects of the experimental design were disregarded, leading to biased conclusions. Herein I provide constructive criticisms on that study, also addressing recurrent pitfalls in the field, to help redirect future research on human paleobiology.


According to construction significance、 principle and demand of campus network system, discussed main function of campus network and construction of system and how to carry on demand analysis and design construction plan.


Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which is common in athletes, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and a long-term consequence of repetitive closed head injuries. CTE is regarded as a chronic brain syndrome due to the effects of repetitive traumatic brain injury (TBI). Because neurotrophic factors are neuroprotective in models of brain and spinal cord injuries, we examined the effects of cerebrolysin, a mixture of various neurotrophic factors, on brain pathology in a mouse model of repetitive mild TBI (rmTBI), which is a good model of CTE. Five groups were created and treated as follows: groups 1 and 2: rmTBI for 4 weeks following cerebrolysin injection for 4 weeks; groups 3 and 4: rmTBI for 8 weeks with or without cerebrolysin injection for 4 weeks; group 5: control. We found that p-tau expression was increased in the pyramidal layer of the cortex and hippocampus, particularly the CA3 region, but not in the CA1 region and the dentate gyrus (DG). Intra-tail vein administration of cerebrolysin (10 ml of 1 mg/ml) after/during rmTBI treatment reduced p-tau expression in both the cortex and hippocampus. Histological analysis revealed mild astrocyte activation (increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)) but not microglia activation (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (iba-1) expression) and peripheral macrophage infiltration (CD45). Additionally, administration of cerebrolysin after rmTBI resulted in reduced astrocyte activation. These observations in rmTBI demonstrated that cerebrolysin treatment reduces phosphorylation of tau and astrocyte activation, attenuates brain pathology, and mitigates function deficits in TBI. Taken together, our observations suggest that cerebrolysin has potential therapeutic value in CTE.


Objective To summarize the clinical and pathological features of PBL.Methods Retrospective study of PBL.Results Between 2004 and 2008,8 consecutive patients with PBL were diagnosed in our hospital.All cases presented with a painless mass involvement of the breast as the first manifestation.Preoperative ultrasonography show solid tumor mass,ranging from 2 to 8 cm.All were DLBCL type.4 patients had ann arbor stage IE,and 4 stage IIE.Combined modality treatment were used.The median PFS was 30 months.Conclusion DLBCL is the major type of PBL.Combined modality therapy is the main choice.


In this work, we have experimentally demonstrated the binary- and ternary-True Random Number Generators (B-TRNG and T-TRNG) based on the stochastic switching characteristics of the nano-scale Ta/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures with perpendicular magnetization anisotropy. For the first time, the random code generation utilizes the spin orbit torque (SOT) induced by current flowing in the heavy metal underneath the CoFeB layer. The 3-XOR post-processed random binary codes have passed the NIST SP800-22 test. Furthermore, the T-TRNG in the same ferromagnetic heterostructure with dual magnetic domains are also demonstrated, which provides a higher security level than its B-TRNG counterpart.


During the rapid urbanization progress in China,large amount of long-time idle lands have emerged in the suburbs,and have been rehabilitated spontaneously by the peasants.Disputes for the second compensation continue to occur and group events are usually caused when these lands are re-utilized.These disputes will create adverse social impacts and its resolution has become one of the urgent issues in the urban development.The root causes of these disputes include the ineffectiveness in identification and disposal of the idle lands,and the inequitable distribution of value-added benefits.In order to reasonably avoid and properly resolve the disputes,land management must be strengthened to avoid idle lands,and relevant legal provisions must be improved to let peasants share the value-added benefits.


An electron bombardment oven is described which operates at temperatures of about 2500 K. A calculation of the power requirement is given together with a calculation of the (unstable) current-voltage characteristic. Measurements are in good agreement with these calculations.


Time of Flight (ToF) based three-dimensional (3D) imaging sensors, such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensors or ToF cameras, can be used to depict their surroundings in form of a point cloud. The ToF method measures the time an emitted light signal takes to be reflected by a point in space and derives the distance from the known travel time of light. More and more ToF based 3D sensors are developed for automotive use as their target application. Automotive sensors are part of a safety critical application. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the provided sensor data is accurate with a known probability. In this paper, we describe and evaluate test procedures for quantitative and qualitative performance evaluation of ToF/LiDAR sensors with focus on automotive use. We propose a LiDAR error and influence model from which we derived eight test areas. We described and conducted tests for six of the eight test areas. The described test cases were evaluated on three LiDAR sensors and one ToF camera. The results show that targets and test procedures need to be adapted to the specific tested ToF/LiDAR sensor. Especially noticeable where influences on test procedures due sparse sensor resolution. Furthermore, the test results show that target application specific tests can provide additional information on the behaviour of the sensor.


Abstract:Giant cell tumor is a benign but aggressive bone tumor that occurs in young adults ages 20 to 40, accounts for 20% of benign bone tumors, occurs mostly in the metaphyso-epiphyseal region of long bones, and is characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells. The risk of malignant


Water hyacinth is one weed plant that has cellulose content of 60% on the stem and is a good absorbent. in this study cellulose extraction from hyacinth has been done through several stages. Polyaniline/cellulose composite (PANi/cellulose) is prepared by an in-situ chemical method using cupric sulphate as an initiator. The representative PANi/cellulose samples are characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). On comparing it appears that spectra PANi/cellulose contains vibrational bands due to both PANi and cellulose. This may indicate the formation of PANi/cellulose composite. From the resistance measurement results, it can be seen that with the addition of cellulose to PANi can improve the sensitivity of the polyaniline based moisture sensor


Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) is one of the most productive warm-season grasses. Farmers utilize elephant grass in different forms, such as cut-and-carry, grazing, conserved forage (silage, hay), and as an energy source (Lira et al. 2010). Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for plant growth and development and is usually a limiting factor for forage production in the tropics (Boddey et al. 2004). Biological N fixation (BNF) may occur in warm-season grasses by their association with diazotrophic bacteria. These bacteria colonize different niches in the host plant: Endophytic bacteria form colonies inside the plant tissue, whereas epiphytic bacteria colonize external surfaces of plants (Compant et al. 2010). Both types of bacteria may benefit host plants (Badri et al. 2009). This study evaluated endophytic diazotrophic bacteria density associated with the roots of different elephant grass cultivars using 2 N-free growth media, at different times after inoculation.


FUKUSHIMA et. al. reported about the mechanism on the rapid decrease of the redispersibility of soy milk after drying in the manufacturing process. There is another trouble which occures during the storage of dried soy milk or soybean protein powder. The proteins contained in it are sometimes insolubilized during the storage of three months or so at room temperature or during oversea transportation. The cause was traced and it was concluded that the insolubilization was probably due to interactions of protein molecules by their SH groups or hydrophobic groups, when products were under powdered state. The reactions were accelerated when products had comparatively high moisture contents.


There are shown the implementation features of adaptive educational technologies in the system of occupational training of social care teachers. Special focus is made on elaboration of individual educational routes of students with emphasis on creativity development in achieving of results, flexible approach in training.


Membrane fusion between the viral envelope and host cell membrane is a key step for an enveloped virus entering into the host cell. The process involves intricate interactions between and conformational changes of viral envelope glycoproteins and corresponding cellular receptors. Herpesvirus contains many glycoproteins and different types of cellular receptors, the transformable receptor-glycoprotein complex constitutes a multipartite entry-fusion system. The molecular mechanisms of membrane fusion are generally regarded as the one of the most challenging issues in the study of enveloped virus. Much progress has been made recently in achieving a substantially improved knowledge base of this subject. A comprehensive review was presented on the structures and functions of important viral glycoproteins and receptors, formation of a receptor-glycoprotein complex during herpesvirus entry, and associated pathways. Detailed models of viral membrane fusion are also given. In addition, the prospect of future research is addressed.


1. IntroductionA psycholinguistic approach, which is the first major research area in task-based instruction, is concerned with "the psychological processes underlying language learning and use" (Skehan, 1998, p. 1). In this perspective a task is considered as a "device that guides learners to engage in certain types of information-processing" (Ellis, 2000, p. 197), that are believed to improve language use and/or language acquisition (Ellis, 2000). There are two different models which are derived from the psycholinguistic approach: Theinteractional approach and information processing or cognitive approach.The former deals with modifying features of target tasks, i.e., "a task found in real life" (Ellis, 2003, p. 351) which can lead to the production of specific conversational episodes called negotiation of meaning, communicative strategies, and communicative effectiveness (Ellis, 2003). The latter, information processing approach, on the other hand, has to do with the characteristics of tasks and the influences of manipulation of those characteristics on language performance in terms of fluency "i.e., the capacity to use language in real time, to emphasize meanings, possibly drawing on more lexicalized systems" (Skehan & Foster, 1999, p. 96); accuracy "i.e., the ability of the learner to perform in accordance with target language norms" (p. 96); and complexity "i.e., the capacity to use more advanced language, .... greater willingness to take risks, and use fewer controlled language subsystems"(pp. 96-97) (Skehan, 1996). In addition, this approach is also concerned with the way a balanced performance in terms of these aspects of production can be obtained (Ellis, 2000).2. Cognitive Models in Task-Based ProductionAs mentioned earlier, in the cognitive approach the focus is on the psychological processes typically engaged in when learners do tasks (Skehan, 2003). As Skehan and Foster (2001) put it, this approach considers cognitive complexity of the task as criteria in designing tasks because it helps to the understanding of how attention is deployed during performing tasks. There are two competing models of how attention is used while doing tasks. There are two well-known models of cognitive approach: Skehan's (1998) LAC and Robinson's (2001) CH model. While Skehan (1998) claimed limited information processing capacity for human beings,Robinson (2001b) proposed a multiple-resource view of attention.2.1. Skehan's LAC modelSkehan's(1998) LAC modelisbasedontheinformationprocessingperspectives.Skehan (1996), advocatingasingleresourcemodelof attention, claims that attentional resources are limited, as a resulttherewillbe trade-offbetweendimensionsofperformance (i.e., accuracy, fluency, and complexity).AsSkehan(1998)putsit,incognitivelydemanding tasks great deal of attentional resources are paid to meaning at the expense of language forms,consequently fluency will be increased.But due tothe limited attentional capacity theremainedattentionalcannotbedevotedtobothaccuracyandcomplexity; as a result,only oneoftheseaspectswouldbeincreased.Insum,Skehan(2003)mentions that in applyingmorecognitivelycomplextasks,"greaterfluencymaybeaccompaniedbygreater accuracyorgreater complexity, but not both"(p. 5).Skehan(1996,1998)makes a distinction between twodifferentsystemsofthe rule-basedand exemplar-based systems. He claims that the rule-basedsystem, whichconsistsofabstractrepresentationsofthe underlyingpatternsofthelanguage,requiresmoreprocessing, therefore it is bestsuitedformore controlled and lessfluentlanguageperformance.On the other hand,theexemplarbasedsystem,which includes ready-madeformulaic chunks oflanguage,canbeeasilyand quicklyaccessedwhich makes it much more appropriate forfluentlanguageperformance.Skehan (1998) proposed a model for task classification. Skehan's model consists of three factors of code complexity, cognitive complexity, and communicative stress for task classification. …


Ever since Plato people have thought that there is an especially intimate relationship between music and the emotions, but in fact there are several such relationships. In this essay I explain how music can express emotions and arouse emotions. And although strictly speaking, music cannot represent emotions, it can tell psychological stories that lend themselves to expressive interpretations. As a philosopher, my main aim is to analyze these different relationships between emotion and music, but I also illustrate my arguments with an array of musical examples. Some people have claimed that music can represent the passions. According to the Baroque doctrine of Affektenlehre, different movements of a suite or concerto should ›represent‹ distinct emotional states such as gaiety or melancholy. The emotion ›represented‹ was often a principal means of unifying the movement. Some Baroque composers also wrote ›character pieces‹ that portray different characters or temperaments, sometimes illustrating that of their friends or the notabilities of the day. But ›representation‹ in music is not strictly representation at all. A picture can identify a specific person or thing or event, but with some minor exceptions music without the aid of a title or program or the words of a song cannot do this. All it can do is present qualities, including emotion qualities such as »cheerful« and »melancholy«, that may or may not be attributed to or characterize some specific individual. In the Romantic era, it became a commonplace that music can express emotions, whether the emotions of a character or protagonist in the music or the emotions of the composer himself. Some theorists believe that musical expressiveness is a matter of the listener's experiencing music as resembling expressive human gestures such as vocal intonations and expressive movements and behavior. On this view when we say that a piece of music is expressive of sadness, we are not saying that there is anybody around who is actually expressing any sadness. It's just that the music is experienced as sounding like or moving like a person who is sad. Others believe that when we hear music as expressive of emotion, we hear or imagine an agent or persona in the music, the ›owner‹ of the states expressed. Even some ›pure‹ instrumental music – especially some music from the Romantic era – can be heard as containing a persona who is expressing emotions. My own view is that expressing emotion in music in the full Romantic sense should be thought of as in essentials very much like the expression of emotion in ordinary life: it is primarily something that a composer or a persona in the music does or achieves, rather than primarily something detected or experienced by listeners. Finally, I turn to the question of whether and how music can arouse emotions in its listeners. In Book III of The Republic, Plato argued that the musical mode known as the »Lydian« mode should be banned from the education of future governors of the state on the grounds that it makes people lascivious and lazy, whereas the Dorian mode should be encouraged because it makes people brave and virtuous. There is now ample evidence that Plato was right to think that music affects the emotions of its listeners. There are several ways in which it does this. As Peter Kivy has remarked, listeners often get pleasure from the beauty and clever craftsmanship of a well-constructed piece of music. Leonard Meyer has shown how having certain emotions is a mode of understanding certain music. Thus when listening to a piece in sonata form, we might feel anxiety at the delayed return of the tonic, bewilderment when the keys modulate further and further from the tonic and relief when finally the tonic returns. Another way in which music arouses emotions is by getting us to respond sympathetically to emotions expressed in the music by the composer, or his surrogate in the music. Finally, there is good evidence that music arouses emotions and moods in a more direct bodily way as well, influencing the autonomic system and the motor activity of listeners. These various mechanisms of emotional arousal often function simultaneously so as to produce powerful, complex, ambiguous emotional states.


The availability of high intensity kaon beams at the CERN SPS North Area gives rise to unique possibilities for sensitive tests of the Standard Model in the quark flavor sector. Precise measurements of the branching ratios for the flavor-changing neutral current decays K→πνν− can provide unique constraints on CKM unitarity and, potentially, evidence for new physics. Building on the success of the NA62 experiment, plans are taking shape at CERN for a comprehensive program that will include experimental phases to measure the branching ratio for K+→π+νν− to ∼5% and to KL→π0νν− to ∼20% precision. These planned experiments would also carry out lepton flavor universality tests, lepton number and flavor conservation tests, and perform other precision measurements in the kaon sector, as well as searches for exotic particles in kaon decays. We overview the physics goals, detector requirements, and project status for the next generation of kaon physics experiments at CERN.


In t-test, the difference between 2 sample means are tested
for Significance. In ANOVA the differences between means of
more than 2 samples are tested for significance. This is done by examining the variation within the whole groups of sample means. It consists of a comparison between 2 estimates of the overall variation (of the complete set of measurements included in the analyses), one estimate being based on the variance of sample means about the grand mean. The other based on the variance of the individual measurements about their treatment means. The first estimate is called treatment variance. The second estimate is called error variance. If the null hypothesis
is true, the ratio of these estimates would approximate 1. If, on the other hand, the sample means estimates differ from the population or group means then the ratio would exceed 1, In practice, this ratio is calculated as F and the level of probability of obtaining such a ratio is determined if the null hypothesis were to be true.


This study investigates the mutual effects over time of semantically related function words on each other's distribution over syntactic environments. Words that can have the same meaning are observed to have opposite trends of change in frequency across different syntactic structures which correspond to the shared meaning. This phenomenon is demonstrated to have a rational basis: it increases communicative efficiency by prioritizing words differently in the environments on which they compete.


This paper analyzes the response of the stock market returns to monetary policy decisions by the Central Bank of Chile. It adopts the event-study methodology in order to gauge the influence of anticipated and unanticipated changes in the Chilean monetary policy interest rate (TPM), decided in every meeting of Monetary Policy Comitee, on the return of stocks traded at Santiago Stock Exchange in the monthly period 2001-2012. Unlike most the literature on this subject, mainly associated with US Federal Reserve monetary policy, no evidence is found on the impact of monetary surprises on stock returns, when surprise is measured using the Economic Expectations Survey.


A pressure solution process is proposed for the development of monomineralic folia of sillimanite needles that cross-cut and anastomose around feldspars and biotite in a weakly deformed, granitic pegmatite dike near Centerbrook, Connecticut. The truncation of pegmatitic feldspars by sillimanite folia provides strong evidence that these structures, and thus also the sillimanite, formed in the subsolidus, metamorphic regime. The universally strong preferred orientation of the sillimanite needles, the buckling of some of the folia into tight folds, and the truncation of some strands of sillimanite by others are strong evidence that the sillimanite growth was syntectonic. Textural relations and these high variance assemblages suggest that metasomatic reactions of the type: $$2 feldspar + 2H^{+} = sillimanite + 5 SiO_{2}(aq) + 2K^{+} + H_{2}O$$ were responsible for sillimanite growth in the pegmatite. The very large negative $$\Delta V$$ (solids) indicates that locally high normal stress could have driven these reactions. The presence of corundum inclusions in magnetite and the absence of quartz and other minerals from the sillimanite-rich zones indicate that alkalis and silica left the reaction site and allowed the reaction to proceed to the right. Thermodynamic calculations based on these textures and microprobe analyses lead to the conclusion that locally high normal stresses at some feldspar grain boundaries established chemical gradients that drove the diffusive mass transfer of alkalis and silica from the reaction site. In these regions high internal energies associated with stored defects in the feldspars enhanced the dissolution of feldspars and increased the local chemical potential gradients away from the reaction site. These processes combined to reduce the stability of feldspar and enhanced the growth of sillimanite at the feldspar dissolution sites.


This paper uses ice core chemical measurements covering the last 9000 years from Greenland and Antarctica, and treats them as measures of different aspects of the atmospheric circulation. It then mainly concentrates on the last 2000 years, comparing these chemical data with published temperature reconstructions. The major conclusion of the work is that the recent warming is not accompanied by the expected (preceding) changes in atmospheric circulation seen in "natural" events, and that this is further evidence that recent warming is of another origin.


Native defects in Si are of obvious importance in microelectronic device processing. Self-interstitials in particular are known to mediate, in many cases, anomalous impurity diffusion. Here we study the energetics and electronic structure of single, double, and triple self-interstitial clusters in crystalline Si in various charge states and geometries, providing extrinsic levels and binding-association-dissociation energies. We discuss the comparison of our results with some experimental data on self-implanted Si. We also reconsider the migration energetics of single interstitials in the light of recent experiments, and point out the possible role of cluster nucleation in the electrical activation of acceptor-implanted samples.


Player Modelling is one of the challenges in Interactive Narratives (INs), where a precise representation of the players mental state is needed to provide a personalised experience. However, how to represent the interaction of the player with the game to make the appropriate decision in the story is still an open question. In this paper, we aim to bridge this gap identifying the information needed to capture the players interaction with an IN using the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model of agency. We present a BDI design to mimic a players interaction with a simplified version of the interactive fiction Anchorhead.


Analysis of data plays a crucial job considering the different phenomenon. It explores the prior knowledge, consisting of development across the extensively different communities. Cluster technique is the collecting of data object placed into groups. Therefore objects are the same nature or similar place within a cluster different nature (i.e. dissimilar) put in other cluster. Differences and likeness are refereed on the attribute values say that the objects involved in measuring distance. We have reviewed a few clustering techniques for data sets in data mining of various field of computer science and engineering, statistical, machine learning and a novel attracting field of demanding efforts. Several closely related concepts of neural network, fuzzy and genetic algorithm are also discussed. In this research paper to also discussed the facebook data set to mining the attributes from the cluster set to changing the mean square error 0-10 -6 and also discuss measuring the performance.


The CPS roadshow last year featured ideas from four community pharmacists on how to enhance community pharmacy practice. Not all pharmacists were able to attend the roadshow, so some of the suggestions will be featured in the SAPJ.


1513Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are an important new class of anti-cancer therapies. Therapy-related myeloid neoplasia (tMN) has been reported following PARPi therapy...


Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the effects of dementia education program on knowledge and attitude toward dementia among nursing students. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre-post test design with an experimental group (n


Spilanthes acmella Linn. (Asteraceae) is a common annual spreading herb found in a rice field throughout in India; five crude extracts were prepared from the whole plant Spilanthes acmella using different solvents by Soxhlet method. The extracts were subjected to screening to detect Preliminary phytochemical analysis and potential antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and fungal strain Candida albicans as standard by agar well diffusion method. The aim of our present study was to find out the Preliminary phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of the different extracts of entire plant including flower heads of Spilanthes acmella. The different extracts such as Hexane, Methanol, Ethanol, petroleum ether and aqueous extracts exhibits comparable antimicrobial activity with the control.


The history of the formation of South Africa as a single state is closely intertwined with events of international scale, which have accordingly influenced the definition and development of the main characteristics of the foreign policy of the emerging state. The Anglo-Boer wars and a number of other political and economic events led to the creation of the Union of South Africa under the protectorate of the British Empire in 1910. The political and economic evolution of the Union of South Africa has some specific features arising from specific historical conditions.

The colonization of South Africa took place primarily due to the relocation of Dutch and English people who were mainly engaged in business activities (trade, mining, agriculture, etc.). Connected by many economic and financial threads with the elite of the countries from which the settlers left, the local elite began to develop production in the region at an accelerated pace. South Africa's favorable climate and natural resources have made it a hub for foreign and local capital throughout the African continent. The geostrategic position is of particular importance for foreign policy in South Africa, which in many ways predetermined a great interest and was one of the fundamental factors of international involvement in the development of the region.

The role of Jan Smuts, who served as Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa from 1919 to 1924 and from 1939 to 1948, was particularly prominent in the implementation of the foreign and domestic policy of the Union of South Africa in the focus period of this study.
The main purpose of this article is to study the process of forming the mechanisms of the foreign policy of the Union of South Africa and the development of its diplomatic network in the period from 1910 to 1948.


This article is an attempt to show that the use of a real discount rate without direct reference to wage growth and market interest rates does not avoid the 'problem' of forecasting wage growth; furthermore, that the use of an extremely low (or zero or negative) real discount rate is unreasonable and may mask unrealistically high wage and price growth forecasts. There is virtually no dispute about the need to discount estimates of future economic losses to present value before paying compensation in cases of wrongful injury or death. This is meant to account both for expected future changes in losses (e.g., due to income growth) and for interest likely to be earned on a settlement made today. The necessary present value calculation is:


Abstract : A rate constant for the reaction O2 singlet Delta(g) + O3 to 2O2 + O over the temperature range 283-321K has been obtained. The rate of the reverse reaction was also calculated.


We report a 60 -year-old female with fibrous dysplasia of the twelfth thoracic spine. She presented middle back pain and anterior chest numbness of the T12 dermatome region. X-ray views showed sclerotic changes in the left pedicle of the T12 vertebra. Computerized axial tomogram demonstrated calcification spots within the radiolucent area accompanied by perifocal sclerotic bony changes in the left pedicle of the T12 vertebra. Bone scintigram showed increased uptake in the left pedicle of the T12 vertebra. Based on radiographic evaluation, chondrosarcoma was diagnosed and she underwent total en bloc spondylectomy of T12. Histopathologic diagnosis of the resected specimen was fibrous dysplasia.Because monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the thoracic spine is rare, it is difficult to establish a diagnosis by radiographic evaluation alone. We radiographically misdiagnosed the lesion. We recommend interoperative or preoperative histological exploration before or during surgery.


The fuel rod plenum gas pressure sensor for Loss-of-Fluid-Test (LOFT) exhibits measurement error during temperature variations as shown during development and qualification tests. Methods of reducing the error during transients have centered on providing thermal shields around the 500 kHz eddy current type transducer and on modifying the signal conditioning. A cylindrical copper enclosure around the transducer envelope proved more effective than an evacuated thin stainless steel tube for reducing transducer signal response to imposed temperature variations. Signal modification methods employing two excitation frequencies and detection by either amplitude or phase-sensitive techniques proved effective. Significant reductions of measurement error result from use of either of these signal compensation techniques. However, as compared with pressure as determined from the uncompensated signal, the technique using phase sensitive signal detection reduces absolute pressure measurement error by a factor of three and is more generally applicable. Consequently, that technique is recommended for analysis of signals from LOFT eddy current based pressure transducers. 1 ref., 10 figs.


Despite its significance in policymaking and theory, empirical work on external returns to education has not been fruitful, and most studies focus on developed countries. This paper discusses external returns to education in China, an important developing economy. Using longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, we estimate a fixed-effects instrumental variables model and find positive returns of about 10 to 14 percent. Negligible returns are found for urban, female, and highly educated workers, and returns are positive and statistically significant for rural, male, and poorly educated workers. This suggests that China should increase public investment in education and target rural areas and poorly educated workers. Gender differences in the external returns to education may also imply that China should make more efforts to enhance the capacity of "networking" and competitiveness for women.


The advantages and disadvantages of both subjective and objective tests are discussed. It is shown that both types of test are necessary. In order to devise an objective test which bears some relation to the subjective test, it is necessary to take cognizance of both the physiological and the psychological processes involved in the latter. Some common acoustic tests are then considered in detail, and it is shown that, for simple, single attribute tests, fair agreement is possible between the subjective and the objective results. Where a multiplicity of attributes are tested simultaneously, the subjective form of test is the only one possible.


This paper proposes a new method of optimal FACTS devices allocation to be used in the preventive/corrective control (PCC) against voltage collapse. The new formulation takes into consideration the transition states that the power system may expose such as normal state and contingency states. For the severe contingencies that drive the system to voltage collapse, the corrective control is initiated by means of fast response of FACTS and load shedding to restore the system with small positive load margin, then the preventive control is carried out using all the fast and slow devices ensuring security margin and voltage feasibility. For this control strategy, FACTS allocation are determined based on the minimum cost for the installations and the operations.. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, which is solved using hybrid genetic algorithm/successive liner programming (GA/SLP) approach. The IEEE 57 bus system is tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


While there is considerable amount of literature examining how and why American federal and state governments look for information and ideas, there is considerably less knowledge of how these processes operate at the local level. This is particularly true in the case of how ideas related to sustainable water management policies are found and used by local governments. This article attempts to open this area by examining where, how and to what purpose local agents engage in the transfer of low-impact development policies and techniques. This article is organised around four questions: (1) Is there a basic agreement about the pioneers in stormwater management; (2) Where did agents gather information; (3) Did this involve complex understanding; and (4) What emerged as key obstacles to the transfer and learning processes amongst the local authorities involved in this study?


Almost every platelet-derived protein originates from either megakaryocytes (MKs), or the endocytosis of factors within blood circulation. These endocytosed factors can be locally released upon platelet activation to regulate hemostasis, or to promote the growth and neovascularization of solid tumors. Although platelet endocytosis has long been recognized, our mechanistic understanding remains largely confined to receptor-mediated endocytosis of fibrinogen via integrin αIIbβ3. Whether antiplatelet therapy and/or different disease states influence platelet endocytosis remain understudied areas of investigation. In this project, we examined how various antiplatelet agents affect the endocytosis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endostatin, which are broad pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic regulators, respectively.
 For our initial experiments, human platelets in platelet-rich plasma were exposed to either recombinant VEGF or endostatin for 1 hour, then washed to remove residual/unbound protein. Platelets were then lysed and changes in VEGF or endostatin concentration determined by ELISA. Using this approach, we demonstrated that platelets endocytose VEGF and endostatin in a concentration-dependent manner. We next established that following platelet activation, lysate concentrations of endocytosed VEGF and endostatin decreased and supernatant concentrations increased. This finding implies that endocytosed VEGF and endostatin are packaged into platelet alpha granules and are released following their activation, which we aim to confirm by measuring co-localization with endosomal and alpha granule markers. We have also developed two assays to track endocytosis into platelets, one where proteins are conjugated to pH-sensitive dyes that increase their fluorescence upon endosomal compartmentalization, and another utilizing fluorophore-targeting antibodies to quench eternal fluorescence of labeled factors.
 We next assessed if antiplatelet agents modulated endocytosis into platelets. We found that pre-treating platelets with aspirin, vorapaxar or ticagrelor resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of VEGF and fibrinogen but not endostatin endocytosis. This finding suggests that antiplatelet agents selectively inhibit the uptake of pro-angiogenic regulators, a statement we aim to support by measuring the endocytosis of additional angiogenic proteins. Our observations also affirm previous studies, claiming that fibrinogen and VEGF are differentially packaged into a subset of alpha granules distinct from endostatin. Experiments are ongoing to measure platelet levels of VEGF and endostatin in human subjects before and after aspirin intervention, to assess if our findings hold physiological relevance.
 The fact that several antiplatelet agents impaired VEGF endocytosis suggests a common inhibitory mechanism linked to suppressing basal levels of platelet activation. We tested this hypothesis by either simulating platelets with low-dose adenosine diphosphate or by chelating intracellular calcium to prevent basal activation. Neither of these processes influenced VEGF or endostatin endocytosis, suggesting that the process is not associated with basal platelet activation. We are currently investigating if antiplatelet agents alter the activity of small GTPases Arf6 and Dynamin-2, which have been shown to regulate receptor-mediated endocytosis of fibrinogen by platelets. Future experiments will aim to elucidate the mechanism by which antiplatelet agents inhibit protein uptake.
 It has previously been shown that platelets endocytose tumor-derived factors and RNA that may promote disease progression or act as biomarkers for liquid biopsies. We are currently studying if the daily administration of aspirin prevents the endocytosis of tumor-derived factors in a mouse model of tumor generation.
 In summary, our data show platelets endocytose and release key angiogenic regulators, a process which can be blocked through pre-treatment with various antiplatelet agents. Given the important role of platelets to tumor neovascularization, preventing the endocytosis of pro-angiogenic mediators could represent a novel mechanism that contributes to the inhibitory effects of antiplatelet agents on tumor growth and metastasis.

 Flaumenhaft: Relay Therapeutics: Consultancy; PlateletDiagnostics: Consultancy, Other: Founder. Italiano:Platelet Biogenesis: Employment, Equity Ownership; Ionis Research Funding: Research Funding.


Faith-based organisations need to ensure that in providing essential humanitarian assistance they do not exploit the vulnerability of people by proselytising, whether overtly or covertly.


Some of the existing critical opinions on Casaubon and Dorothea, two major characters in Middlemarch, are regarded as verdict, yet they are doubtful if they are studied from the point of view of applicability of literary methodology. Literary studies usually follows this pattern: to circle a dimension, to set conditions to define the dimension, and then to measure the text according to the criteria from the set conditions. The critics often quarrel about the criteria on the works, not finding the fact that they differ greatly from the very beginning of circling the dimension.


Following development of deep-fried carrot chips, a high provitamin A carotenoid-snack, consumer acceptances for color, uniformity, overall appear ance, odor, saltiness, sweetness, overall flavor, crispiness, oiliness, overall texture, and overall acceptability of the product were evaluated. Eighty-nine consumer panelists consisting ofAmericans from the Plains states ofthe United States (n = 45) and Southeast Asians (n = 44), moles andfemoles, 19-45 years, participated in this study. Color, uniformity, and odor were rated as good. Saltiness and sweetness were rated as nearly about right. Crispiness was rated as good, and oiliness as slightly oily. Generally, the product was acceptable to both types ofconsumer panelists, American and Southeast Asian, as shown by their ratings on overall appearance, overall flavor, overall texture, and overall acceptability. The differences in acceptance among country, gender, and country x gender groups were statistically not significant (p;;::O.05).


In a practical MEMS switch, there is a gap between the beam and the signals lines. Based on this, a study on frequency response starting from dc to radio frequency for Gold and Aluminium is carried out. Study reveals that the pull-in voltage and capacitance ratio for Gold are 13.8 V and 88.3, respectively; while for Aluminium these values are 11.4 V and 82.4, respectively. Also a detailed study of variation of insertion loss with frequency is also carried out. The insertion and isolation losses with gold as beam layer are -1.42 and 40.4 dB, respectively, at radio frequency, while the same losses for Aluminium as beam layer are -1.19 and 36.1 dB, respectively at the same frequency.


This study is concerned about extracting the road noise component of signal from vehicle's interior noise based on traditional system identification methods. Two system identification methods are considered: one method in the frequency domain and another in the time domain. In the case of road noise extraction method based on frequency domain system identification method, proper matrix inversion strategy is investigated and causal and noncausal impulse response filters are compared. Appropriate data lengths for the frequency domain system identification method and for the time domain system identification method are investigated.


[Objective]To explore the proportion and relative factors of thyroid disease among children to understand the distribution and treatment of children's thyroid disease in this region.[Methods]The clinical data of 93 children suffering from thyroid disease visited to our hospital was studied.[Results]There were 35 cases of the Grace's disease,24 cases of congenital hypothyroidism,19 cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 15 cases of simple goiter. In addition to the congenital hypothyroidism,the onset age was more than 7 and the patients were mainly girls. The main cause of the cases was the Grace's disease. Thyroid antibodies were increased in both Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Grave's disease. Thyroid function had a significant effect on the growth of children. The major factor to affect the prognosis was the time of visit.[Conclusion]The mainly facts of children's thyroid disease in this region were congenital and autoimmune thyroid disease,simple goiter was common as well. The further improvement of the coverage of neonatal hypothyroidism screening,the more attention to the thyroid disease among school-age children and regular monitoring of thyroid function were important to diagnose and treat children's thyroid diseases early and to ensure the normal growth of children.


Marriage in Transition in Oceania, Richard A. Marksbury Marriage Exchange on Ponam Island, from 1920 to 1985, Achsah Carrier Money and marriage in Telefolmin - From Sister Exchange to Daughter as Trade Store, Dan Jorgensen Bachelors, Spinsters and Pamuk Meris, Laura Zimmer-Tamakoshi Manga Marriage in Transition from 1961 to 1981, Susan M. Flanz-Cook Tying the Knot in Pohnpei, Suzanne Falgout Courtship and Marriage on Yap - Budweiser, U-Drives and Rock Guitars, Sherwood G. Lingenfelter Love and Marriage Among the Educated Elite in Port Moresby, Pamela Rost and Laura Zimmer-Tamakoshi Indo-Fijian Marriage in Suva - A Little Love, a Little Romance and a Visa, Shireen Lateef International Movement and Samoan Marriage in Hawaii, Robert W. Franco New Marriages in the New Pacific, Martha C. Ward.


Recent editions of the New York Times and the Washington Post highlight physics-related stories. Recent editions of the New York Times and the Washington Post highlight physics-related stories.


The present situation and main existent problems of developing efficient eco-agriculture in Shanghai were analyzed according to the statistical data and on-the-spot investigation,and several new ideas and proposals to develop efficient eco-agriculture in Shanghai were put forward in terms of industry,product quality,resource use practices,economic management pattern and quality of workers.


At room temperatures (approximately 25° C) dilute aqueous solutions of representative samples of methylene blue are stable below pH 9.5. Oxidation, or dealkylation, begins between pH 9.5 and 9.8 and increases in both rate and degree with increasing alkalinity. Below pH 11 the rate is slow and the total oxidation relatively limited. At pH 12, however, oxidation is rapid and is practically complete within a few days.


Abstract : The analytical part of the SOCOM (Solar Optical Communications) program consisted of studies of the theoretical and practical limitations of space communication systems using sunlight as a carrier, together with exploration of ways of simulating and testing such systems on the earth. The areas studied included: wavelength spectrum, optical systems, modulation and demodulation techniques, tracking and stabilization problems, system design, and simulation techniques. (Author)


The purpose of this article is to show the central role of Thomas Hobbes in the formation of capitalist ideology. He is the first author to present the ideology of the businessman (homo oeconomicus), with its most distinctive characteristic, individualism. Every constitutive element of the capitalist system is found in Hobbes' writings. His mentality is bourgeois and he uses a model that can only correspond to a mercantile society of capitalist character, in which political rights are less important than security in the market. The economic liberalism of Adam Smith inherits from Hobbes its individualistic basis and its chrematistic platform.


The 'nutritive value' of herbage to grazing animals is the result of the modification of the intrinsic attributes of herbage by the circumstances of the grazing situation and especially the amount and structure of the sward and its species composition. The potential 'voluntary intake' of herbage and the digestibility of the ingested diet are the most important measures of intrinsic herbage quality and are usually positively correlated. These are related to differences in the chemical composition of plant species and their morphology, especially the proportion of green leaf and the age of plant tissue. In general, potential voluntary intake and digestibility are higher in sown grasses and legumes than in indigenous grasses, sedges and dwarf shrubs. Grazing ruminants usually select herbage of higher quality than the mean of that available to them; the extent to which they can do so being governed by the spatial distribution of different plant components and to some extent by animal factors such as species, age and physiological state. The complex and dynamic nature of the animal: plant interface is discussed and illustrated by reference to experimental data from sown swards and indigenous plant communities grazed by sheep of differing age, at different heights and with or without additional sources of nutrient such as milk or supplement. These illustrations emphasize the importance of the processes of both herbage ingestion and plant tissue turnover as well as nutritional parameters in influencing 'nutritive value'.


To extend information on communication to gametheory, a study was conducted (1) to detepoine whether there was a relationship between dogmatism of players an a creative alternative game and their game behavior, and (2) to compare the behavior of federal prison inmates playing a game under conditions of real rewards and full communication opportunities with college students under similar conditions: After completing dogmatism tests, 20 prisoner subjects were assigned to pairs, according to test scores, for-the creative alternative game. Results of the 27 game trials supported the assumption that "low dogmatic" pairs would arrive at More "creative" solutions than "high-dogmatic" pairs. Comparison of the prisoner results with those of the four college experiments indicated that the percentage of.cooperative responses were similar in both groups, "low dogmatic" pairs in both groups tended to behave much the same, but "high dogmatic" pairs in the prison group tended to play more cooperatively than in the college samples. Ultimately, findings about the influence of the dogmatism variable on communication behavior still remain inconcluSive. (RN)


Activated accelerator magnets were measured with three different types of commercially available gamma-ray imaging devices (pinhole, Compton scattering, and masked type) and the results were compared to simplify a distinction between activated/non-activated areas in the magnet during the decommissioning of an accelerator facility. In general, an activated magnet includes 60Co and emits gamma rays over 1 MeV; however, current devices are not designed to detect such high-energy photons. Our results showed that two devices could identify the location of highly activated areas, although they could not detect the total absorption peaks of the 1173 and 1333 keV photons from 60Co.


All Optical Add/Drop which includes optical demultiplexng are important for real-time transmission of high data rates to end users, specifically when access to subsets of a high bit rate data stream is required, for data processing, or to add and drop data channels.


Abstract A previously untreated field population ofCulex quinquefasciatusSay, collected near Bakersfield, CA, was subjected to intensive laboratory selection with the bacterial insecticideBacillus sphaericusNeide (strain 2362) at a level producing 95% mortality. Resistance rapidly appeared and resistance levels increased such that fourth instars of generation 12 were able to survive a concentration ofB. sphaericusthat was 7,000 times higher than the median lethal concentration (LC50) of the susceptible reference colony. Similar resistance levels were detected in first instars. Cross-resistance in the selected colony was detected towardB. sphaericusstrains 1593 and 2297, but little or no cross-resistance was observed towardB. sphaericusstrains IAB59 or ISPC5 (=WHO 2173). Cross-resistance also was not detected toward the bacterial insecticideBacillus thuringiensissubsp.israelensis,toward a recombinant strain expressing bothB. thuringiensissubsp.israelensisandB. sphaericus(strain 1593) toxins, toward individual or multiple toxins fromB. thuringiensissubsp.israelensis,or toward conventional synthetic insecticides. Genetic analysis revealed thatB. sphaericusresistance was inherited as a recessive trait and controlled by a single major locus. These data are discussed in relation to cases of field resistance toward this biopesticide in theCx. pipiens(L.) complex.


Start-ups often use crowdfunding platforms such as Wadiz to get financing from corporate investors and general public. These platforms include functions to increase participant activity through the number of comments, interest and online word-of-mouth. This study aims to elucidate how these functions related to a participant activity exhibit mediating effects on a success of crowdfunding and an achievement rate of targeted investment amount. To this end, the individual variables such as progress period, target amount, venture company, experience of attracting investment, possession of intellectual property rights, a career of the representative and an award experience of the representative were classified into the project characteristics, the company characteristics and the representative characteristics through not only previous studies but also interviews with investment professionals and


The history of the thyroid gland dates back to ancient times when it was recognized as a structure in the neck that was important for maintaining good health. Early detection of thyroid disorders is important because it can allow for earlier treatment and potentially improve outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) can improve early thyroid disorder detection accuracy and efficiency. Machine learning (ML) is a type of AI that involves training a computer to recognize patterns in data; it can be used to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of early thyroid disorder detection in several ways. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can improve early thyroid disorder detection accuracy and efficiency by providing a more objective and comprehensive image data analysis. Therefore, CNNs are primarily used for image analysis, and other types of neural networks may be more effective for analyzing other data types. Feature selection is used to identify the most relevant or important features in a dataset for a particular task. In the context of early thyroid disorder detection, feature selection could be used to identify the most important symptoms, risk factors, or other characteristics that are associated with thyroid disorders. This work exploits the various machine-learning approaches for thyroid prediction using algorithms such as Logistic regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision tree (DT), etc. As a result, the best algorithm has been chosen based on accuracy.


Edward J. Bloustein Dictionary Collection Bibliography. A complete listing of the dictionaries in the Edward J. Bloustein Dictionary Collection. It supplements the previous article, "Exploring the Edward J. Bloustein Dictionary Collection."


We find sharp upper bounds for $ \vert \,f^{\prime \prime }(z)/f^{\prime }(z) \vert $ such that the function f be starlike or strongly-starlike of a given order, where f is holomorphic in the unit disc U , with $ f(0)=f^{\prime }(0)-1=0 $ . These bounds are obtained by using the differential subordination technique. As a useful ingredient we obtain the radius of convexity for the function $ F(z)= z /(\exp (z)-1) $


The main goal of this paper is to show that in recent years Brazil's exter- nal vulnerability has been increasing. The significant increase in the cur- rent account deficit in recent years along with a possible deterioration of the international of the situation tends to cause a scenario of shortage of foreign exchange in the coming years. On the other hand, the high level of international reserves, the floating exchange rate, and the fact that a substantial share of external debt is denominated in local currency are elements that reduce the risk of a balance of payments crisis in the short run. Nonetheless, these elements are not able to prevent the mentioned external bottleneck that will restrict both, the economic growth and the expanding purchasing power of workers.


The invention relates to a high temperature resistance fiber filtration screen application method, which is a placement method providing three effects, wherein the placement method is that: a filtration screen is placed on an upper end of a lower straight runner of a gate cup, on an overlapping position of a horizontal runner of the gate cup, or on a conjoin position of the horizontal runner and an inner runner of the gate cup according to a weight of a cast, a casting type, a filtration alloy type, a casting apparatus structure and a screen type.


In scientific writing, the writer makes a school information system SMA Anak Bangsa. This school information system can facilitate the administration of the school in processing the data, both data of students, classes, subjects, students grades, and teacher data. It also allows administrators to provide a full report to the principals to effectively and efficiently, and reduce the error rate in data processing because data can be changed, inputted, or removed in accordance with the needs.


Tape for the bonding of sheeting in the area of a building envelope, with a carrier material (1) and disposed thereon a pressure sensitive adhesive coating (2), wherein the adhesive tape of ≤ 12 m, measured according to DIN 52615 is open to diffusion with a diffusion resistance with an S


In this paper, large-eddy simulation of the transition process in a separation bubble is compared to experimental results. The measurements and simulations are conducted under low free-stream turbulence conditions over a flat plate with a streamwise pressure distribution typical of those encountered on the suction side of turbine airfoils. The computational grid is sufficiently refined that the effects of sub-grid scale turbulence are adequately represented by the numerical dissipation of the computational algorithm. The large-eddy simulations are shown to accurately capture the transition process in the separated shear layer. The results of these simulations are used to gain further insight into the breakdown mechanisms in transitioning separation bubbles.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


With the great stride forward of socialist progress, various medical treatment measures have also made a leap forward in development, providing a deeper guarantee for people's life safety. At the same time, the research field of nanotechnology has gradually developed in the medical field, which plays an important role in the development of medicine, and massage exercise rehabilitation training also provides convenience for patients' recuperation. The purpose of this study is to study the application of composite NanoBone transplantation in patients with limb replantation and the application of massage exercise rehabilitation training in patients with limb replantation. The methods used in this paper are: consulting the literature to understand the composite NanoBone transplantation technology and massage exercise rehabilitation training methods, interviewing the patients and attending doctors, and asking about the selection method of experiment and questionnaire used in the paper, so as to carry out the questionnaire survey. The treatment group and the control group were set up to analyze the results. The results showed that there were no significant differences in T lymphocyte subsets, serum complement, and circulating immune complex in the replantation of amputated limbs. Combined with the clinical manifestations and pathological results, early rejection occurred, and the body temperature of the patients increased after clinical treatment; The characteristics of massage are not practical, the course of treatment is short, the effect is fast, the clinical operation is simple, easy to grasp, and has high clinical application and promotion value. The final test results showed that: comparing the two groups of patients before treatment, the VAS scores were 23% and 21%, respectively, and the treatment group scores were 23% and 21%, respectively. After treatment, the VAS scores of the test group and the control group were 29 % and 27%, respectively. The treatment group scored 2% higher than the control group. From this, it can be concluded that massage is better than traditional massage, and massage exercise has great application prospects in clinical practice.


This quantitative study employs a correlational design that is to find out the relationship among achievement motivation, academic selfefficacy and the students' speaking performance. Two questionnaires with four likert-scale were used to measure the students' level in this study. Based on the result of the data analysis about the relationship among the variables, some points could be concluded. First, there was a significant average positive correlation between achievement motivation level and the students' speaking performance level (r = .688, sig. = .00). Second, the correlation between academic self-efficacy level and the students' speaking performance level was a significant moderate positive correlation (r =.
691, sig. = .00). Third, the relationship between achievement motivation combined with academic self-efficacy and the students' speaking performance was statistically a significant high positive correlation since The result was significant (r= 0.737, sig. = .00). It was concluded that the teachers should be closer to the students in order to build more academic self-efficacy beliefs of the students. Teachers are expected to encourage the students to be more open and share their difficulties in learning especially in the speaking class. Thus, by having close communication between teachers and the students, it is expected that the students' problems during the learning process can be solved. The students' achievement motivation and the students' academic self-efficacy are expected to be higher and stronger in completing the course with high achievement.


Bureaucracy as an instrument of administrative processes in the process of policy implementation. Strategic existence in the governance process, making it a class of its own, so there are some assumptions that the bureaucracy can build their own interests. Bureaucracy always have their own interests. Although there are indeed some influential institutions around. However, its existence as a class of its own making for a more participatory in the policymaking process. Bureaucracy as the frontline in the implementation of governance required for professional and not co-opted by political interests so that he can show that the ideal posture in the public expected. Progress of a nation one of which is determined by the ability of the bureaucratic apparatus in carrying out its duties and functions, namely, as a public servant to the community in a professional and accountable. If the public can be served well by the bureaucratic apparatus, the apparatus itself bureaucracy was able to put the position and his position as a civil servant


The Virtual Aesthetics is continuity and development of traditional aesthstic thought in digital times.As a new thing, it has not had its'own theoretical systems yet. And the traditional aesthstic thought is difficult to totally annotate the new field of this vision aesthetic. The aesthetic characteristic of virtual reality was analysed and compared from the angle of the media, technology, art and characteristic of "three senses" of virtual reality.


This paper presents a historical perspective on the evolution of relationships between the pharmaceutical industry and physicians in two countries, the United States and Finland. Despite divergence early the twentieth century, and the absence of any large pharmaceutical firms based in Finland, by the 1950s a similar partnership between medical experts and drug companies had developed. In the US, commercial influence in medical research can be divided into five periods: pre-reform (late 19th century – 1905), first reform wave (1905-1930), growing collaboration (1930-1945), merger of interests (1945-1950s, and second reform wave (1960s and 1970s). The history in Finland until the War was different: a preindustrial pattern persisted into the 'teens, followed by an interwar period in which the fostering of a domestic pharmaceutical industry was a national project and collaboration officially encouraged. After the Second World War the drug industry was no longer local, but the close physician-drug industry relationship largely continued as before. There are indications today that both countries have entered another reform period, this time international in origin. It is hoped that understanding of the origins and nature of relationships between biomedical experts and drug industry will help physicians offer better patient care.


PURPOSE
To evaluate intraoral scanners, scannable impression materials, and conventional methods for impression-taking with regard to precision and accuracy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ten impressions per technique were initially taken from a cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) master model (chamfer preparation for the maxillary right first molar) for fabricating Co-Cr crown copings. The test specimens, their respective metal master model, and the plaster casts from the conventional impressions were then digitized with the light-optical Atos Triple Scanner. The fit of the dental crown copings was measured in two and three dimensions using computer-aided design software. Global differences between the methods were determined using Kruskal-Wallis test, and pairwise comparisons were performed with Mann-Whitney U test. The significance level was set at .05.

RESULTS
The 2D analysis showed that the average absolute marginal distance of the crown copings was 0.026 mm when fabricated with the digital impression method and 0.038 mm when fabricated with the conventional method (P = .028). However, the 3D analysis revealed that the conventional group had a smaller marginal gap (0.028 mm) compared to the digital group (0.06 mm; P = .015).

CONCLUSION
This study showed that, in the field of single-crown prosthetics, digital impressions and the use of scannable impression material could serve as alternatives to conventional methods in the future.


The scientific and business communities have realized the importance of IoT (Internet of Things) and its emergence in enhancing our day-to-day lifestyle. According to Gartner's forecast, there will be 20 billion devices connected to the IoT by 2020 [1]. Vast numbers of diverse devices from different vendors have already been connected towards achieving this target. The capabilities of these devices range from tiny measuring sensors to RFID mechanisms to traditional processing devices such as PCs and notebooks. The IoT application areas also vary from homes to hospitals, supply chain systems to industry automation, farming to electric grids, etc. It is important to address the concern of heterogeneity, scalability, energy efficiency (due to power and cost constraints of devices), integration and mining of enormous generated data (widely termed as Big Data), device configuration management, and most importantly the security (both at the logical level and physical level) and privacy. Security of data and devices is one of the most significant concerns in the IoT. For example, security breaches and unwanted alterations in smart healthcare systems and faulty/irregular readings of health parameters of the patient could lead to unwanted or even fatal treatment. The whole credibility and deployability of the IoT solely depend on security aspects only. Authentication and access control are the first steps towards any security measures. With whom and up to what extent, one can access/communicate the devices in IoT scenario, are important aspects of security, especially when diverse devices with different capability have to perform collaborative tasks. The aim of this chapter is to introduce the reader with access


The Hill End Trough of central‐western New South Wales was an elongate deep marine basin that existed in the Lachlan Fold Belt from the early Late Silurian to late Early Devonian. It is represented by a regionally extensive, unfossiliferous sequence of interbedded turbidites and hemipelagites of substantially silicic volcanic derivation, which passes laterally into contemporaneous shallow‐water sedimentary rocks. The Turondale and Merrions Formations of the Lower Devonian Crudine Group are two prominent volcanogenic formations in the predominantly sedimentary trough sequence. They contain a range of primary and resedimented volcanic facies suitable for U–Pb dating. These include widespread subaqueous silicic lavas and/or lava cryptodomes, and thick sequences of crystal‐rich volcaniclastic sandstone emplaced by a succession of mass‐flows that were generated by interaction between contemporaneous subaerial pyroclastic flows and the sea. Ion microprobe dating of the two volcanogenic formations by means of th...