Nomifensine is an antidepressant agent that was removed from use because of a high incidence of hemolytic anemia. It contains an N-methyl-8-aminotetrahydroisoquinoline ring which has the potential to be oxidized to quaternary dihydroisoquinolinium and isoquinolinium ions, albeit such a transformation had not been previously observed. In this report, we demonstrate the conversion of nomifensine to a dihydroisoquinolinium ion metabolite by several human enzymes. Human liver microsomes supplemented with NADPH generated the dihydroisoquinolinium ion metabolite along with other hydroxylated metabolites, whereas when supplemented with t-butyl peroxide, only the dihydroisoquinolinium ion metabolite was observed. Monoamine oxidase A, but not monoamine oxidase B, catalyzed this reaction, as well as human hemoglobin supplemented with H2O2. Human myeloperoxidase catalyzed this reaction in the presence of H2O2, and activation of the reaction was observed when incubations were conducted in the presence of acetaminophen at concentrations relevant to those measured in humans. The reaction was also observed in human whole blood. The equilibrium between the dihydroisoquinolinium ion and carbinolamine was shown to have a pK of about 11.7. The dihydroisoquinolinium ion was shown to react with cyanide and borohydride, but not glutathione. These findings suggest that the electrophilic nomifensine dihydroisoquinolinium metabolite, which can be generated by several enzymes, could be behind toxic responses to nomifensine such as hemolytic anemia and hepatotoxicity. Nomifensine (Fig. 1) was an antidepressant drug with a unique receptor binding profile that was introduced in the 1980s (Kinney, 1985). However, it was discontinued from use because of an unacceptable incidence of drug-induced hemolytic anemia (Salama and Mueller-Eckhardt, 1985; Stonier and Edwards, 2002). Its use was also associated with reports of hepatotoxicity (Nielsen and Lund, 1981; Kummer et al., 1985). Efforts to address the mechanism of nomifensine-induced toxicity have included analysis of sera from patients which showed the presence of antibodies reactive to nomifensine and some of its reported metabolites (Salama and Mueller-Eckhardt, 1985, 1986). Nomifensine possess an aniline group, which is a substituent in drugs frequently associated with blood and liver toxicities (Kalgutkar et al., 2005). In an examination of the metabolism of nomifensine in vivo, the observed metabolites included alterations of the phenyl ring, including conjugates suggesting the existence of a catechol intermediate metabolite (Kellner et al., 1977; Heptner et al., 1978; Hornke et al., 1980; Lindberg and Syvalahti, 1986). These represent two possibilities of structural elements in nomifensine that could underlie the toxicity of the drug. We hypothesized that the tetrahydroisoquinoline structure of nomifensine could be the chemical group responsible for toxicity, as metabolism to the dihydroisoquinolinium ion would represent a bioactivation pathway analogous to the formation of other iminium ion metabolites [e.g., 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), ticlopidine, mianserin, etc.] (Peterson et al., 1985; Roberts et al., 1993; Dalvie and O'Connell, 2004). In nomifensine, such an ion would be expected to be highly resonance-stabilized with the aniline substituent. Generation and sequestration of such a metabolite within tissues, such as blood cells or hepatocytes, could be a possible cause of toxicity. However, in the early reports describing the metabolism of nomifensine in vivo, no observation of a dihydroisoquinolinium ion was made (Kellner et al., 1977; Heptner et al., 1978; Hornke et al., 1980; Lindberg and Syvalahti, 1986). No reports on the metabolism of this compound using in vitro methods have been described. The objectives of the experiments described herein were to determine whether nomifensine could be metabolized to a dihydroisoquinolinium ion, and if so, what enzymes were capable of catalyzing this reaction. The chemical reactivity of the dihydroisoquinolinium ion was examined. A discussion of this metabolic pathway is offered in the context of its potential involvement in the toxicity of nomifensine. Such knowledge is important for new drug design. The tetrahydroisoquinoline ring system can be a valued component in the development of pharmacophores for receptor ligands, so that understanding whether this structural entity can be bioactivated to toxic metabolites, and the mechanism of such a bioactivation pathway, will be of value in designing drugs that contain this ring system but are less likely to undergo similar biotransformation pathways. Materials and Methods Chemicals and Biological Reagents. Nomifensine maleate and nomifensine dihydroisoquinolinium perchlorate were prepared using published Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://dmd.aspetjournals.org. doi:10.1124/dmd.106.010173. ABBREVIATIONS: HPLC-MS, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; MAO, monoamine oxidase. 0090-9556/06/3408-1310–1316$20.00 DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION Vol. 34, No. 8 Copyright © 2006 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 10173/3126223 DMD 34:1310–1316, 2006 Printed in U.S.A. 1310 at A PE T Jornals on O cber 3, 2017 dm d.aspurnals.org D ow nladed from methods (Moehrle and Biegholdt, 1988; Venkov and Vodenicharov, 1990). Human hemoglobin, human myeloperoxidase, t-butyl peroxide (70%), reduced glutathione, and hydrogen peroxide (30%) were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). Monoamine oxidases were generously provided by Dr. Dale Edmondson, Emory University. Human liver microsomes, a pool from 60 individual donors, were prepared using standard procedures and maintained in an in-house bank at Pfizer. Incubation Procedures. For human liver microsomes, nomifensine (0.5– 500 M) was incubated with human liver microsomes (0.2 mg/ml) and either NADPH (1.3 mM) or t-butyl peroxide (1.0 mM) in 0.2 ml of KH2PO4, 25 mM, pH 7.4, containing MgCl2 (3.3 mM). Reactions were commenced with the addition of cofactor and conducted at 37°C for 10 min. An initial experiment established linear conditions with respect to protein concentration and time. Reactions were terminated by the addition of 4 volumes of 0.1 M HCl and analyzed directly by HPLC-MS as described below. Incubation conditions used to generate nomifensine metabolite profiles were similar to those described above, except that the protein concentration was 1.0 mg/ml, the nomifensine concentration was 10 M, and the incubation was terminated by addition of an equal volume of CH3CN. Analysis of these samples was done using HPLC-MS. Monoamine oxidase A (0.1 nmol/ml) was incubated with nomifensine (10–1000 M) in 0.2 ml of 25 mM potassium phosphate, pH 7.4, at 37°C for 1 h. An initial experiment established a linear relationship between product generation and incubation time. The incubations were terminated by addition of HCl (0.8 ml of 0.1 M), and analyzed for the dihydroisoquinolinium ion by


Producing clean energy by replacingfossil fuels withbiomass produced by some woody and herbaceous plantsisa necessityboth inRomania and other countries likeUnited Kingdom , USA, Italy,Canada , New Zealand, Japan,etc.Between 2009 -2013 years, the University ofCraiova RSFG Valcea has conducted extensive research forthe identificationand evaluation ofnative willowselectionswhich present a high potential forbiomass production and resistance tomajor foliar diseases.The willownativebiologicalma terials assessed,had ingenerally agood behavior to specific diseasesof thespecies. There were identified onlyfungal infectionscaused by


The Whitehorse trough is a synorogenic basin in the northern Cordillera that resulted from arc-collision processes along the northwestern margin of North America, but its filling history and tectonic significance remain uncertain. New detrital zircon U-Pb-Hf isotope analyses of 12 rock samples, including six basal sandstones that sit unconformably on Triassic rocks of Stikinia, were combined with published detrital zircon and fossil data to establish the depositional ages of synorogenic Laberge Group strata in Yukon and test proposed links between Intermontane terrane exhumation and basin-filling events. Laberge Group strata yielded 205–170 Ma and 390–252 Ma detrital zircon populations that indicate derivation from local Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic arc and syncollisional plutons and metamorphosed Paleozoic basement rocks of the Stikinia and Yukon-Tanana terranes. Basal sandstone units have Early Jurassic depositional ages that show the Whitehorse trough filled during early Sinemurian, late Sinemurian to Pliensbachian, and Toarcian subsidence events. Late Triassic to Early Jurassic detrital zircon grains confirm that syn-collisional plutons near the northern trough were exhumed at 0.5–7.5 mm/yr and replicate their excursion to subchondritic Hf isotope compositions as a result of increasing crustal contributions from Rhaetian to Sinemurian time. The new detrital zircon data, combined with recent constraints for Triassic– Jurassic metamorphism and magmatism in Yukon, require modification of published forearc to syncollisional basin models for the Whitehorse trough. We reinterpret Jurassic subsidence patterns and architecture of the Whitehorse trough to reflect sinistral transtension within a transform fault system that resulted from the reorganization of subduction after end-on arc collision.


Two common surgical interventions for spinal fractures caused by osteoporosis are no more effective than placebo or sham surgery in bringing lasting relief from pain and disability, a taskforce of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research has concluded from a meta-analysis of existing studies.1

About 750 000 patients have such a fracture each year in the United States, and roughly a third of these experience acute pain and disability, although this often resolves after several months.

Over 30 000 patients a year are treated with "vertebral augmentation" therapies: mostly percutaneous vertebroplasty, where bone cement is injected into the vertebra; or kyphoplasty, where a balloon or bone tamp is introduced into …


Abstract World oil demand growth in the first decade of the 21st century is projected at an annual average rate of 1.5 per cent per annum, with India and China registering the strongest growth. Considering India's growth factor, and the consequent higher oil imports from the Gulf countries, it can be a much needed respite for the Gulf countries to revive their global oil business. India is expected to account for a high global oil demand growth rate in the coming years of the 21st century. It will have to depend more heavily on its most important source of oil imports i.e. the Gulf countries, for its sustenance. It should be noted that the search for market stability by the Gulf countries is their most important concern from the aspect of their oil export revenues. Overwhelming dependence on oil revenue by the Gulf countries has rendered them anxious to protect their earning capacity. Such earning capacity and consequent stability has now become vulnerable when most of the countries of the North are switching over to gas as their alternative source of energy. In context, Asian countries like India have become relevant for the Gulf countries, particularly due to their partially open economies and economic growth. India has now grown to depend more on oil and will become one of the major oil importers from the Gulf in the next few years. Thus, the stability of the Gulf countries can be established only with their effective cooperation with the growing major Asian oil importers, particularly India and China. In the coming years, then, efforts should be made to strengthen the interdependence and mutually beneficial relations between India and the oil exporting nations of the Gulf.


Introduction Respiratory deterioration impacts morbidity and mortality in patients with Neuromuscular disorders (NMD). Respiratory involvement will vary by disorder; patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) often displaying deterioration with disease progression. Such patients may present with sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) which can progress to hypoventilation. Spirometry, including forced vital capacity (FVC) measurements, monitor respiratory muscle strength and sleep studies identify SRBD to determine when non-invasive ventilation is required. Assessing when to refer for a sleep study is therefore clinically important. Previous research suggests the use of FVC Aim To assess if patients with FVCLT60% had an abnormal baseline sleep study. Method A retrospective study of patients who attended for spirometry between April 2018 - April 2020 with FVCLT60% and a baseline cardiorespiratory sleep study within 3 months of spirometry. Patients were excluded if using night time respiratory support. Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index (AHI) was used to classify SRBD. Fifty-four patients were identified and results reported as mean (±SD). Results Demographics: Age 14.05 (±2.8) years, 40 male (74%), 30 DMD (56%). Twenty-Two (40.7%) had moderate or severe SRBD (AHI≥5 events/hour), with a mean FVC%predicted of 37.6% (±12.0%). Those with mild or no SRBD (AHI Conclusion Our study showed 59% of patients who had FVCLT60% had mild or no SRBD. In our patient group, the use of FVCLT60% may not be appropriate for sleep study referral. A lower FVC threshold may be more appropriate in identifying patients who require treatment for SRBD, but further research is required.


A convenient enantioselective synthesis of sulfur heterocycles containing the dihydro-2H-pyran moiety by quinidine catalyzed formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 3-alkylidene benzo[b]thiophenes and allenoates is reported.


A mobile station (100) to generate modulated data for transmission to a base (120) station, comprising: means for multiplexing (300) control data and pilot data to form a first channel in order to provide them to a means for complex multiplying (310, 312, 318, 328), wherein said means for multiplexing (300) said control data and said pilot data comprises means for providing said control data in predetermined locations in said pilot data ; and means for adjusting a gain (304) of a second channel and providing the second channel, gain adjusted, to said means for complex multiplication; wherein said means for complex multiplying (310, 312, 318, 328) performs complex multiplication of at least said first channel and said second channel with a complex code.


T his clinical case discussion focuses on a veteran with alcohol dependence in early partial remission and comorbid insomnia. The case illustrates the use of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) to treat sleep disturbance. After the case presentation, expert clinicians provide commentary on the case. PATIENT A 23-year-old single white man, working part-time at a retail facility and enrolled full time at a local community college, presented to a VA Medical Center in Northern California for treatment of insomnia. According to a review of available records, the patient had served in the Army for 15 months before receiving a general discharge after sustaining a knee injury during basic training and getting in a physical fight with 2 sergeants over medical paperwork. The veteran had also tested positive for cannabis and oxycodone during routine urine testing while enlisted, and was subsequently mandated to an abstinence-based intensive outpatient treatment program.


Ab initio method, under the effective core potential(ECP) approximation at HF/LANL2DZ level, has been employed to study the reaction mechanism of the carbonyl insertion of olefin hydroformylation catalyzed by a carbonyl cobalt HCo(CO)_3. The two reaction paths have been discussed. The calculated potential energy barriers for the carbonyl migration and the ethyl group migration are 105. 0 kJ/mol and 39. 17 kJ/mol, respectively. The results indicate that the reaction path via ethyl migration is more energetically favorable than that via carbonyl insertion.


Duplex sonography is a relatively new technique for noninvasive evaluation of the extracranial carotid arteries. In a prospective, double‐blind study of 453 vessels (229 patients) over a one‐year period, an excellent correlation was found with intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in 66.3 per cent of vessels, good correlation in an additional 28.4 per cent of vessels, and poor correlation in only 5.3 per cent. Duplex was compared with conventional biplane angiography in 86 vessels (45 patients); there was excellent correlation in 71 per cent, good correlation in 20 per cent, and poor agreement in 9 per cent of vessels. Duplex sonography is a highly accurate method of evaluating the cervical carotid system and it has a complementary role with DSA.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: present invention pertains to compositions of stereoselective Ziegler-Natta catalysts, meant for use in polymerising propylene. The catalyst composition for polymerising propylene or a mixture of propylene and one or more copolymerisable comonomers, contains one or more Ziegler-Natta meshes, containing one or compounds of transition metals and one or more internal electron donors in form of monoesters of aromatic carboxylic acids; one or more aluminium-containing cocatalysts; and a mixture of two or more different selectivity receptors (SCA). The above mentioned mixture of selectivity regulators contains from 98.5 to 99.9 molar percentage of one or more esters of one or more aromatic monocarboxylic acids or their substituted derivatives and from 1.5 to 0.1 molar percentage of one or more alkoxysilane compounds. The polymerisation method involves bringing into contact propylene or a mixture of propylene and one or more copolymerisable comonomers in polymerisation conditions at temperature lying between 45 and 100°C with the above given composition of catalyst. EFFECT: obtaining compositions, which are auto-extinguishing with regards to catalyst activity, depending on temperature, leading to reduced formation of polymer agglomerates, improved regulation of the polymerisation process and increased nonsusceptibility to break down of reactor operation or electrical power cuts. 18 cl, 1 ex, 1 tbl


Water and fire went together and were seen as both destructive and salvific in Judaism at the time of the New Testament. In Acts Spirit baptism was assumed to follow water baptism (unless it preceded it). Acts 19.5 is the exception: those bap tized by John were rebaptized. It is not an exception. Acts 19.1-7 is made up of two sources: Acts 19.1D, 3, 4, 5, 7 Paul's encounter with those baptized in the name of John the Baptist; and Acts 19.1B, 2, 6, Paul's meeting with believers in Jesus who did not know that the Spirit was widely available, on whom he laid hands so that they received the Spirit. In the first source the usual pattern is preserved if we conjec ture ἐπíστεvσαν for ἐβαπτiσθησαν (Acts 19.5). The present text is a scribal corruption, the result of customary usage combined with an attempt to 'correct' a mistake.


The local ofice of the Farm Advisor should be consulted as to types of seed to use, the best times for seeding, and the progress of reseeding studies not yet completed.
See: "Klamath Weed Beetles" by J. K. Holloway and C. B. Huffaker, California Agriculture, February, 1949, page 3.


The problem of computing the distribution of a sum or an average of independently, identically distributed observations arises in many statistical applications. In most cases, asymptotic methods or numerical methods have to be used. Daniels' (1954) saddlepoint expansion for the density function and Lugannani and Rice's (1980) expansion for the cumulative distribution function are amongst the most widely used asymptotic methods. Although the integrated saddlepoint expansion is generally considered to be as accurate as Lugannani and Rice's expansion for approximating the cumulative distribution function, the theoretical relationship between these two expansions remains largely unknown. We show that Lugannani and Rice's expansion may be differentiated to obtain the saddlepoint expansion, and give the exact relationship between their coefficients. We then discuss two applications of this result, and study the uniform validity of the saddlepoint expansion, a problem which arises naturally in our investigation of the relationship. We also study asymptotic expansions for general distributions that are asymptotically normal. We discuss a formal method for deriving expansions and a family of expansions to which it leads. Through this family, we examine and compare known expansions, such as the Edgeworth expansion and the saddlepoint expansion, and discuss generalizations of these. We also examine the accuracy of these generalizations to problems where exact solutions are available and demonstrate that they are indeed accurate. A numerical method for computing distributions whose moment generating functions are known is also discussed. The method makes use of the fact that the moment generating function is an integral transformation of the density function, and computes the density function by solving the integral equation that defines the moment generating function. The advantages of this method compared to the asymptotic methods will be discussed.


Considering the equipment criticality, the paper classifies the equipment into critical, essential and auxiliary equipment using multi-attribute ABC classification, treats all the spare parts of auxiliary equipment as C-class. The results indicate that the improved model of ABC classification of spare parts involving equipment criticality is effective and good performances.


Address for Correspondence: Dr. Ajay Singh Rajput, Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, RIMS, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. 301, Eldeco Emperor, New Hyderabad, Lucknow, UP, India 226007. Phone : +918418995515 E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Access this Article online Quick Response code Web site: *1 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, RIMS, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Mayo Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India. 3 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Career Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospitals, Ghaila, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Objectives: The aim of the study was to know the intrahepatic ramification pattern of portal vein in right lobe of liver & its variations. Methods: 25 human fresh livers were obtained after autopsy and studied by corrosion cast method. Polymeric granules of butyl butyrate were dissolved in acetone and 20% homogenous solution was made. Solution was injected into portal vein and the injected liver was placed in 10 % formal saline for 24 hours at room temperature (20°C) for polymerization of infused butyl butyrate solution. Maceration of liver tissue achieved by wholeorgan immersion in 1.8 N KOH solution at 68°C for 24 hrs. Each cast thus obtained was preserved in glycerin and details were studied. Results: The length of the right portal vein varies 0.5 to 1.8 cm (1.2 cm). The right portal vein bifurcated into second order branches right anterior portal vein (RAPV) & right posterior portal vein (RPPV) in 87 % of the cases, while trifurcated in rest of 13 % of cases. The angle between the anterior and posterior division ranged from 58°-95 °. Anterio-superior (P8) branch shown three type of ramification Bifurcation type (72 %), P8one pedicle type (8 %) and P8trifurcation type (20%). Anterio-inferior (P5 max ) branch shown the three type of ramification pattern P5 -common type (72 %), P5 – P8 anterior type (28 %) but P5 – P8 posterior type was not observed. Right Posterior Portal Vein has shown three types of ramification pattern Type I-Fan shaped (64%),Type II (28 %) & Type III-Trifurcation type (8%). Conclusions: The findings of present study on hepatic vasculature have immense importance in the field of hepato-biliary surgeries like hepatic resection, segmentectomy and liver transplantation.


A coupling mechanism of a connected lock comprises a main lock body and auxiliary locks. A lock body panel is fixedly connected in front of the main lock body and the auxiliary locks. The coupling mechanism further includes connecting pieces connecting the main lock body with the auxiliary locks. Two ends of each connecting piece are equipped with symmetric U-shaped bars. One end portion, matching each connecting piece, of the main lock body is provided with an anti-theft rod, and one end portion, matching each connecting piece, of each auxiliary lock is also provided with an anti-theft rod. Each anti-theft rod is equipped with a square hole. Each connecting piece penetrates the square hole via the U-shaped bars to be connected with one corresponding anti-theft rod. Each anti-theft rod is equipped with a lifting part at one side of each corresponding square hole. When a door is opened and closed, the relationship of connection between the main lock body and the auxiliary locks will not change even if one of screws loosens, such that a phenomenon that the door cannot be opened does not exist.


The invention relates to the communication field, providing a method, a system and equipment for achieving voice communication between a telephone user and a PC user. The equipment is a transfer server respectively connected with a telephone client and an instant communication client, is characterized in that the transfer server includes an information transmitting/receiving unit, a storage unit and a switching unit; the information transmitting/receiving unit is used for information exchange with the telephone client and the instant communication client; the storage unit is connected with the information transmitting/receiving unit and the switching unit for storing related communication information of the PC user and related connection information after constructing the connection, the related communication information at least including identification number and the instant communication number of the PC user; and the switching unit is connected with the information transmitting/receiving unit and the storage unit for switching the calling signal sent by the telephone client to a connection request information and transmitting the request information to the information transmitting/receiving unit. The invention improves the flexibility for voice communication between the telephone user and the PC user.


This article concerns basic parameters of normative assessment of adequate translation. These basic parameters are norm equivalence, genre and style norm and pragmatic norm. The hierarchical relationship between these aspects of translation is presented in the form of a special scheme. "Equivalent translation" and "adequate translation" are considered to be non-identical concepts but still they are closely connected with each other. The author lists a number of linguistic and extra-linguistic reasons that often prevent complete adequacy in translating texts. The article is intended for students and graduate students who study theory of translation and intercultural communication.


Electroless plating of Ni-Cu-P ternary alloy on magnesium and its alloys was studied. Optimal process parameters were obtained by orthogonal test. The structure and properties of the Ni-Cu-P deposit were determined. The deposit is amorphous and has good adhesion, conductivity and corrosion resistance.


The utility model provides a sealing and thermal protection sliding window which includes: a fixed window edge frame, two sliding window sashes, the window edge frame includes: an edge sealing, an upper fixing, a fixing upper sliding and a down sliding, the sash includes: an upper square, a down square, a hooked rabbet and a smooth rabbet. The said window edge frame and the sash are two-section disconnection type, the two-section disconnection parts are connected by a heat insulating slip tongue. The sealing and thermal protection sliding window has advantages that the window can seal preferably, interdict cold-hot conduction, remain indoor temperature and reduce energy consumption.


Background: Development of high-resolution computed tomographic imaging has substantially improved the
radiologic examination of the omental bursa or lesser sac. However, dissection procedure to demonstrate the omental
bursa and it two recesses in cadaver did not receive adequate attention in past decades. This was a Methods: crosssectional, observational study on 20 cadavers. Relatively disease-free fresh adult cadavers of both sexes were selected
randomly. Omental bursa was exposed through transgastric approach. Photographs taken after proper exposure.
Results: In every dissection, omental bursa, superior and inferior recesses, foramen bursa omenti majoris, right and left
gastropancreatic folds were clearly understood. In our study, an effort was made to establish a cad Conclusion: averic
dissection procedure to delineate omental bursa which may add to existing knowledge in medical education
technology as well as help the surgoens particularly who are performing minimally invasive surgery (MIS)


The projection pursuit model projects high-dimensional data into low-dimensional space, and the data could be analyzed conveniently. Considering the affections of length of projection value vector, new projection index function is presented. Using the improved projection pursuit model the subjective affections in risk prioritization of barrier lake could be reduced. The projection values of dam danger and consequence are firstly calculated to describe relative degree of dam danger and consequence respectively. Then their product is used to curve the relative degree of risk, and finally the risk prioritization of barrier lakes could be obtained. Results show that the risk is mainly controlled by the consequence of barrier dam failure and Tangjiashan barrier lake is ranked at the top, consisting with the actual order of removal project.


A deposition controlling baffle (250) is (additionally) provided. Its apertures conduct contaminants to regions of a membrane (160) of inner capacitor (127a) and outer capacitor (127b) so that the difference will cancel the effect of contaminants. Instead of eliminating contaminants as much as possible from reaching diaphragm (160) the above baffle (250) steers contaminants to the diaphragm (160) in a predetermined pattern so as to minimize the effect that such contaminants can have on performance of the transducer.


Rising Star: China's New Security Diplomacy, by Bates Gill. Washington: Brookings Institution Press, 2007. xii + 267 pp. US$28.95/£17.99 (hardcover). Bates Gill is not the first but is the latest author to examine the broad motivations of what is termed China's grand strategy - Avery Goldstein's Rising to the Challenge is a recent major contribution on the topic. Gill's book is an excellent companion to the Goldstein volume, but stands firmly on its own merits. Its contribution is to analyze in more detail how China's "new security diplomacy" is being played out in practice globally and regionally. It does this, in particular, by looking at China's changed approach in three case studies: China's involvement in regional security mechanisms; its attitudes to arms control and weapons of mass destruction; and its approach to sovereignty and intervention. A view widely held among scholars, and reflected again in this book, is that a new Chinese grand strategy emerged in the mid-1990s. How much this was in response to the diplomatic isolation that followed the Tiananmen Square crisis, the cross-Strait wake -up call for China over Taiwan, or a recognition that China's growth was being seen as threatening, is still debated. In any case, China's policies became more pragmatic and (mostly) diplomatically more astute, with its economic growth offering opportunities (if also challenges) to neighbors and to the wider international community. This new diplomacy became more evident - and more coherent - after 9/11. While that event facilitated a strengthening of US alliance relationships, at the same time it gave China greater diplomatic space. Gill argues, however, that the new security diplomacy was not a result of the war on terror. Before that, China had been concerned at US unipolarity and its assertive approach, particularly over Taiwan. It had expected a more multipolar world to emerge with the end of the Cold War and its diplomacy initially sought to encourage this. Such a world failed to appear and China came to accept not only the inevitability of US unipolarity but also the likelihood that the US would dominate militarily for a considerable time. With its "peaceful rise" rhetoric and by acting as a "responsible great power", China has sought with considerable success to position itself as developing peacefully, fitting within the existing international system. Its bilateral partnerships program, which Gill shows to be extensive, might be interpreted as a counter to the US alliance system, seeking close relations with countries which will not side against China. Ultimately the objectives of China's new security concept are to ensure a peaceful external security environment to enable it to concentrate on domestic development, to reassure neighbors that its rise will be peaceful and to balance the power of the US without confronting it. …


The process of signal formation in a multichannel chromatographic system is treated. The number of channels is determined either by the number of detectors (gas chromatography) or by the number of wavelengths of spectrometric detector signal (liquid chromatography). The algorithm of multi-channel signals processing using the principal-component method consists of the following stages: registrating chromatographic detector output (multi-channel chromatograms)t; forming a matrix of samples; obtaining the parameters from the matrix samples on the basis of the pair-correlation coefficients analysis and calculation, comparing the parameters, decision- making.


SUMMARY
1Detailed studies have been made of the structure and function of the stomach in the two protobranchs, Nucula nucleus L. and Nuculana minuta (Muller).
2The structure of the stomach in the Protobranchia was described and figured, and defined as Stomach Type I.
3The stomach of the septibranch Cuspidaria cuspidaia (Olivi) was similarly examined, described and figured, and was defined as Stomach Type II.
4The stomachs of the Protobranchia and Septibranchia were compared and it was noted that there were several common features. Further resemblances were found in the structure of the digestive diverticula, and in the muscular pumping of water by the ctenidium (Nuculana) or by the septum (Cuspidaria).
5It was concluded that there is a strong suggestion of phylogenetic relationship between the Protobranchia and the Septibranchia.
6The view, previously stated by Yonge, that there was no justification for linking the Protobranchia and the Arcacea in an order Taxodonta was upheld.


The invention relates to catalyst compounds from 85 to 100% by weight of copper oxide and zirconium oxide and 15 to 0 wt% metal oxide GROUP SUPPORTING IB TO VIIB and VII of the Periodic Table of Elements, and a process FOR PREPARING aMINES BASED nitriles and nitrogen compounds, chosen from the group ammonia, primary and secondary amines, temperatures from 80 to 250 IN THE PRESENCE OF THESE CATALYSTS.


Summary 1. The succinoxidase system, as well as its component enzymes, the -SH enzyme succinic dehydrogenase, and cytochrome oxidase, were determined in rat kidney homogenates within two hours after rats were X-irradiated with 400 r or 800 r. No inhibition of any of the enzymes was found. 2. The metabolism of kidney slices from rats given the above amounts of X-radiation was studied manometrieally with sodium succinate and lithium pyruvate substrates. No statistically significant differences were obtained between the oxidative activities of the kidney slices from the control and irradiated animals. 3. The lack of correlation between certain of the in vivo and in vitro effects of irradiation upon enzyme systems is discussed.


We calculate the recombination spectra of the He-like ions He I, C V, N VI, O VII, Ne IX, Mg XI, Si XIII, S XV, Ar XVII, Ca XIX, and Fe XXV. We include the following physical processes: radiative recombination, dielectronic recombination, three-body recombination, electron impact ionization, and collisional excitation by electrons, protons, and α-particles. The calculations also account for the effects of lowering of the continuum at high densities and high-density corrections to dielectronic recombination. From the populations of all levels in the recombined ions, we construct models for He-like ions for fast computation of their spectra. Every model includes 29 bound levels up to n = 5, a pair of "superlevels" that account for radiative and collisional cascades from highly excited levels, six doubly excited levels that account for the most important satellite lines, and a level that represents the hydrogenic recombining ion. The models are constructed in a way that allows for the correct approach to LTE under appropriate conditions. These models can simultaneously solve for the H/He-like ionization balance in photoionized or collisionally ionized plasmas and compute emission spectra, including the combined effects of radiative and dielectronic recombination, collisional excitation, photoionization from excited levels, fluorescence, and line trapping. The models can be used for any temperature between 100 and 109 K and electron densities of up to 1018 cm-3. The models can be used easily within spectral modeling codes or as stand-alone tools for spectral analysis. We present comparisons between the results of the present models and previous work. Significant differences are found between the present effective recombination rate coefficients to the n = 2 and those of previous estimates. Later, we study various emission-line ratio diagnostics under collisional ionization and photoionized conditions.


Psychological Safety and Its Measurement with the Basic Belief Scale Abstract: This article discusses the results of measurements of the degree of psychological safety in Siberians. Original summary indexes allow the characterization of an individual's belief about his surroundings, himself, and the degree of control of processes and events in his surroundings. The feeling of psychological safety is measured in graduates of middle school and gymnasiums. A correlation is shown between the results on the mathematics section of the National Graduation Exam and such variables as «Self-Esteem» and «The Degree of Luck», diagnosed with the Basic Belief Scale.


The dynamical foundations of α disk models are described. At the heart of the viscous formalism of accretion disk models are correlations in the fluctuating components of the disk velocity, magnetic field, and gravitational potential. We relate these correlations to the large-scale mean flow dynamics used in phenomenological viscous disk models. MHD turbulence readily lends itself to the α formalism, but transport by self-gravity does not. Nonlocal transport is an intrinsic property of turbulent self-gravitating disks, which in general cannot be captured by an α model. Local energy dissipation and α-like behavior can be reestablished if the pattern speeds associated with the amplitudes of an azimuthal Fourier decomposition of the turbulence are everywhere close to the local rotation frequency. In this situation, global wave transport must be absent. Shearing box simulations, which employ boundary conditions forcing local behavior, are probably not an adequate tool for modeling the behavior of self-gravitating disks. As a matter of principle, it is possible that disks that hover near the edge of gravitational stability may behave in accord with a local α model, but global simulations performed to date suggest matters are not this simple.


This paper describes an actively-controlled frequency selective surface (FSS) to implement a backscatter transponder. The FSS is composed by dipoles loaded with switching PIN diodes. The transponder exploits the change in the radar cross section (RCS) of the FSS with the bias of the diodes to modulate the backscattered response of the tag to the FMCW radar. The basic operation theory of the system is explained here. An experimental setup based on a commercial X-band FMCW radar working as a reader is proposed to measure the transponders. The transponder response can be distinguished from the interference of non-modulated clutter, modulating the transponder's RCS. Some FSS with different number of dipoles are studied, as a proof of concept. Experimental results at several distances are provided.


Abstract This paper is concerned with the construction and analysis of a parallel preconditioner for a FETI-DP system of equations arising from the nonconforming Crouzeix-Raviart finite element discretization of a model elliptic problem of second order with discontinuous coefficients. We show that the condition number of the preconditioned problem is independent of the coefficient jumps, and the preconditioner is quasi optimal.


(tetraploid, n=15) and cv. 'Bokyo' (pentaploid) were determined and the origin of red pigmentation in C. sasanqua is discussed. The seedlings of Cs xvernalis cv. 'Gaisen' were triploid, tetraploid and pentaploid. When C. sasanqua was abundant around the parent tree, pentaploid seedlings were more numerous than triploid ones. The pentaploid seedlings were considered to be backcrosses with C. sasanqua (hexaploid), and the triploid to he backcrosses with C. japonica (diploid). The chromosome numbers of the seedlings of C. xvernalis cv. 'Bokyo', a pentaploid, ranged from 2n=79 to 86, suggesting that only backcrosses to C. sasanqua are occurring. If C. xvernalis hybrids typically only backcross with the C. sasanqua parent, and some fertility is maintained in the interspecific backcrosses with C. sasanqua, then this backcrossing system becomes a mechanism for the flow of C. japonica genes into the species C. sasanqua. Thus, the red flowers of C. sasanqua are thought to have originated from repetitive backcrossing (introgression) with C. xvernalis.


Biometric verification is any means by which a person can be uniquely identified by evaluating one or more distinguishing biological traits which include fingerprints, hand geometry, retina and iris patterns, voice recognition, signatures. Biometrics identification has eventually a much broader relevance as computer interface becomes more natural. It is mostly preferred mainly due to the invariance of the properties, measurability, singularity and acceptance. The oldest form of biometric verification is fingerprinting. It includes fingerprint registration and the fingerprint verification, where it goes through four phases which include binarization, thinning, minutiae extraction process and hough transformation. We use finger print verification based on fusion of minutiae and ridges using strength factors (FVMRSF), where this algorithm that has better matching percentage for different finger‐ prints compared to the existing algorithms and it has presentation based on the minutia Automatic Fingerprint Identification Systems.


Key Points NOD1 mediates the cross-talk between autophagy and E. piscicida in fish. Autophagy is a critical defense pathway against intracellular bacteria in fish. Visual Abstract Edwardsiella piscicida is an intracellular pathogenic bacterium accounting for significant losses in farmed fish. Currently, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying E. piscicida–host cross-talk remain obscure. In this study, we revealed that E. piscicida could increase microtubule-associated protein L chain 3 (LC3) puncta in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) monocytes/macrophages and a carp cell line, Epithelioma papulosum cyprini. The autophagic response was confirmed by detecting the colocalization of E. piscicida with LC3-positive autophagosomes and LysoTracker-probed lysosomes in the cells. Moreover, we unveiled the autophagic machinery targeting E. piscicida by which the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain receptor 1 (NOD1) functioned as an intracellular sensor to interact and recruit autophagy-related gene (ATG) 16L1 to the bacteria. Meanwhile, E. piscicida decreased the mRNA and protein levels of NOD1 and ATG16L1 in an estrogen-related receptor-α–dependent manner, suggesting a possible mechanism for this bacterium escaping autophagy. Subsequently, we examined the effects of various E. piscicida virulence factors on NOD1 expression and found that two of them, EVPC and ESCB, could reduce NOD1 protein expression via ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, an intrinsic regulator IFN-γ was found to enhance the colocalization of E. piscicida with NOD1 or autophagosomes, suggesting its involvement in the interaction between autophagy and E. piscicida. Along this line, a short-time treatment of IFN-γ caused intracellular E. piscicida clearance through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Collectively, our works demonstrated NOD1-mediated autophagy–E. piscicida dialogues and uncovered the molecular mechanism involving autophagy against intracellular bacteria in fish.


The present invention relates to a beverage vending machine including a sterilizing device using a UV LED module. The beverage vending machine according to one embodiment of the present invention automatically sterilizes a corresponding transfer path by including the UV LED module in the transfer path of raw materials or mixtures.


Given two sets of orthogonal polynomials $\mathcal{B} = \{ p_i (\lambda )\} $ and $\{ q_i (\lambda )\} $, simple procedures are given for expressing the products $\lambda ^i p_j (\lambda ),\lambda ^i q_j (\lambda ),p_i (\lambda )q_j (\lambda )$ and $q_i (\lambda )q_j (\lambda )$ in terms of the basis $\mathcal{B}$. The main computations involved are multiplications of vectors by a tridiagonal matrix. The results are based on a previous theorem for determining the product of two polynomials both expressed relative to $\mathcal{B}$.


Self-injurious behavior is frequently noted in institutionalized persons. Several treatment techniques have been attempted including medication, timeout, shock, aromatic ammonia, and adaptive clothing. Several authors have suggested extinction as an alternative technique. One problem with this technique is that self-injury may occur during the extinction period. The present study suggests that staff attention may maintain self-abusive behavior and withdrawal of this attention resulted in a rapid reduction of this behavior in a retarded individual.


In this paper, we study the class of generalized b-closed sets and use this notion to consider new weak and stronger forms of continuities asso- ciated with these sets. We apply these notions to give new characterization of extremally disconnected spaces and also Tgs-spaces.


Sign language is a non-verbal communication method used to communicate between hard of hearing or deaf and ordinary people. Automatic Sign language detection is a complex computer vision problem due to the diversity of modern sign languages and variations in gesture positions, hand and finger form, and body part placements. This research paper aims to conduct a systematic experimental evaluation of computer vision-based approaches for sign language recognition. The present research focuses on mapping non-segmented video streams to glosses to gain insights into sign language recognition. The proposed machine learning model consists of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) layers such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The model is implemented using current deep learning frameworks such as Google TensorFlow and Keras API.


AbstractConcentrated rural settlement (CRS) was used for housing reconstruction in Sichuan Province, China, after the Wenchuan earthquake. Although CRS is claimed to provide enhanced infrastructure...


The concept of topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) protected by crystallographic symmetries has been proposed for over ten years. The diversity of spatial symmetries leads to various TCI phases, among which the mirror-protected TCI phase was firstly verified by experiments. The mirror-protected TCIs host robust spin and charge transports which are expected to have wide devices applications. In this work, through the first-principles calculations, we identify 67 mirror-protected TCIs. The corresponding topological surface states are also studied. Especially, among these TCIs, Bi3STe2 and Pt3Sn with space groups 164 and 221 are chosen as representatives to demonstrate further analyses of the bulk topology and mirror-protected surface states. The predicted mirror-protected TCIs are expected to provide a useful reference for experimentalists and promote realistic device applications.


The Index of ADL was developed to study results of treatment and prognosis in the elderly and chronically ill. Grades of the Index summarize over-all performance in bathing, dressing, going to toilet, transferring, continence, and feeding. More than 2,000 evaluations of 1,001 individuals demonstrated use of the Index as a survey instrument, as an objective guide to the course of chronic illness, as a tool for studying the aging process, and as an aid in rehabilitation teaching. Of theoretical interest is the observation that the order of recovery of Index functions in disabled patients is remarkably similar to the order of development of primary functions in children. This parallelism, and similarity to the behavior of primitive peoples, suggests that the Index is based on primary biological and psychosocial function, reflecting the adequacy of organized neurological and locomotor response.


The distribution rules of annealing temperature about ф150 mm AISI4145H steel in the furnace with black box were measured,and the change rules of heating rate and cooling rate for AISI4145H steel between 650 ℃and 740 ℃ were studied.The effects of annealing process on the microstructure and hardness were studied.The results show that the annealing process with the heating at 710 ℃ and keeping for 1 h and cold in air,the microstructure is ferrite and granular pearlite and little lamellar pearlite,and the hardness value is 21.2 HRC,meeting the needs of industrial processing chip.The annealing process shortens the time about the workpiece in the furnace by increasing cooling rate of annealing,cooling using cold pit and the cooling time is 10 h,effectively increases production efficiency,and reduces the production costs.


Abstract Home schooling has become increasingly widespread over recent decades in the western world. Since the choice to educate children at home in effect signifies abandonment of the educational system, one may assume that parents' childhood experiences within the educational system play a significant part in their decision to opt for home schooling. The present study takes a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to investigating the choice in favour of home schooling and compares the childhood memories of school reported by 28 mothers of home-schooled and regular-schooled children. Data were analysed in three stages – determining the nature of the experience; performing a thematic analysis; and arranging the themes into groups of meta-themes. Six interviewees reported an entirely positive experience; 6 reported an entirely negative experience; and 16 reported a mixed experience. Analysis of the text revealed 30 themes, which were grouped into five meta-themes: treatment, attributes, teachers, studies and social relations.


The main object of this theses is implementation of Balanced Scorecard in company XYZ on the basis identified factors. This thesis is divided into two parts. Theoretic part deal with financial analyses Balanced Scorecard and his implementation. In practical part is effected financial analysis of compa-ny XYZ for the period 2005 - 2008 and estimation results, that are then compared with industry. On the basis of these results and analysis of company there are effected steps for implementation Balanced Scorecard. The Aim of this dissertation work is elaboration of project, how would company XYZ pro-cced for correct implementation of Balanced Scorecard.


Breast cancer is a major challenge to current medicine; it is the disease with highest death rate in the female population and is even of significance to the male population. Although breast cancer is effectively treated by surgery at early stages, patients who present with breast cancer metastases at diagnosis or who subsequently develop metastatic disease have a much poorer prognosis. A feature of the normal breast endothelium is its regulation by the endocrine system; steroid hormones such as oestrogen are released predominantly by the ovary and control both proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells. The proliferation of corresponding carcinoma cells that arise in early breast cancer has a similar dependence on endocrine hormones. Thus, one of the main methods for treating early breast cancer, apart from surgery, is to block the growth promoting action of oestrogen, either by blocking the downstream action with antioestrogens such as tamoxifen or by reducing the concentration of circulating oestrogen through oophorectomy or treatment with aromatase inhibitors. While such treatment is generally effective, the consequent emergence of aggressive tumours is common and poses a major barrier to successful disease management. Heterogeneity has been postulated to be a key property of both breast cancer and epithelial subtypes of normal breast tissue (Visvader, 2009). MCF-7, a commonly used breast cancer cell line, has been propagated for many years by multiple groups and it might be expected that such propagation would select a single phenotype that had the highest growth rate. However, the finding of extensive heterogeneity among MCF-7 lines used by different groups (Nugoli et al., 2003) suggests that mechanisms may be operating within proliferating MCF-7 populations to generate phenotypic diversity continuously. The aim of this chapter is to discuss the evidence of the way that the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line is heterogeneous with respect to both the expression of hormone receptors and to the utilization of the signalling pathways linked to these receptors. Such heterogeneity may be reflected by the presence of multiple phenotypes within a tumour population that differ markedly in their relative expression of receptors such as progesterone receptor (PR), oestrogen receptor (ER), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2; also known as ErbB2).


Introduction: Incidence and prevalence rates of rectal cancercontinuously grow in Bulgaria in spite of the various preventive campaigns. The objective of this study wasto analyze the annual dynamics of several demographic and clinical parameters of rectal cancer in two regions in North-Eastern Bulgaria served by the Specialized Oncologic Hospital of Varna. Methods: An epidemiological analysis of data from patient ' s registryof the Specialized Oncologic Hospital of Varnafor 2004-2013 as well as from ' Cancer Incidence in Bulgaria ' , the official publication of the National Centre of Oncology of Sofia for 2004-2010 concerning the patients from the regions of Varna and Dobrich was carried out. Results: Both incidence and prevalence rates of rectal cancer in both genders and most age groups increased. Cancer incidence rate of male rectal cancer in the region of Varna increased from 26.8 in 2008 to 32.4 in 2013 while that offemale one - from 14,9 to 22.3 per 100000, respectively.The corresponding figures concerning the region of Dobrich were the following: 14.8, 21.5; 9.6 and 14.7. In 2010, the region of Varnawas fourth among all 30 regions in Bulgariaconcerning the age-adjusted (world standard) incidence rate offemale rectal cancer per 100000 and fifth concerning thatof male one. There was a gradual increasing of the numberand percentage of the newly-diagnosed rectal cancer cases during this period in both regions. The percentage of the early-diagnosed cases in the region of Varna increased from 41.7% in 2012 up to 49.2% in 2013 while that in the region of Dobrich did from 54.3% up to 54.5% only. All the newly-diagnosed cases weremorphologically verified. In 2004-2008, males aged between 61 and 70 years and females aged between 71 and 80 years (35.65% and 30.47% of the cases, respectively) were most commonlyaffected. In four the (from of (world Our results revealed a relatively unfavourable socio-epidemiological picture of this the continuous improvement of the diagnostic opportunities and preventive programs for rectal cancer in Bulgaria, this malignancy is still widely disseminated. Its prognosis remains relatively poor.


To deal with the lag issues of the bottleneck in the production system,this paper proposed a new method combining AHP and possibility degree analysis in the case of fuzzy information,to solve the problem of the sort of the factors causing the bottlenecks of production system.It also clarified the specific process of the method,so as to create conditions for pre-control management style.By establishing a model based on the method,it sorted a group of bottlenecks factors successfully.The effectiveness of the method has been verified by the result of the system simulation.


Presentation for the 2012 University Scholars Day at the University of North Texas. This presentation discusses "The Lady Revealed," a play based on the life and writings of Dr. A. L. Rowse written by Dr. Andrew B. Harris, Professor of Dance and Theatre and performed by undergraduate scholar Brian Alan Hill.


Batoids propel themselves forward by generating waves along their large pectoral fins. According to the observation of batoids in nature, the frequency of the wave on the pectoral fins is not always invariable. The bionic batoid is composed of rigid body and flexible pectoral fins of uniform thickness. In this study the hydrodynamic analysis of bionic batoid with combined frequency specified on the pectoral fins are presented. The combined frequency is implemented by the frequency conversion during the oscillation of each pectoral fin ray. Since oscillating frequency of 2.2Hz is mostly observed in rajiform batoid, the variable frequencies ranging from 1.0Hz to 2.6Hz with 0.4Hz increment compound 2.2Hz and formed five different sets of combined frequency. The simulation results illustrate that the bionic batoid model with combined frequency locomotion can achieve better propulsive efficiency, which maybe benefit for the motion design of bionic robot batoid.


by johN d. edwardS, p.e. iNTroduCTioN Downtowns are coming back! Recent articles in many national publications attest to the fact that there is renewed interest in living (and playing) in the central business district. This trend may be due to many factors, including the aging of the population (less interest in a lawn to mow); boredom with the same combination of national chains at the mall; traffic congestion on suburban and ex-urban roads; and the efforts of many urban and historic preservation groups to "sell" the unique character of historic downtowns. In any event, these combined factors are having an impact on downtowns and their health. As central business districts are repopulated, there will be new demands on traffic and parking systems—but they will not be like the old demands. Traffic and parking demands and needs for most downtowns changed with the construction of the Interstate Highway System. Prior to the interstate system, most traffic in the downtown was handled by one-way street systems and major arterials. Many of these systems were established in the early 1950s as a result of the burgeoning increases in traffic after World War II. When the Interstate Highway System was constructed and downtown bypasses and "freeway loops" were built, there were significant reductions in traffic volumes on many streets. At the same time, there was a decentralization of office and commercial employment (especially retail) and shopping trips to new suburban malls and office parks. In many cases, there was less need for highcapacity, high-speed facilities in the central business district. More recently, with the increased interest and investment in downtowns, there is a need for re-engineering of traffic and parking facilities. With downtown as a destination rather than a "place to go through," there is the need to provide a traffic system that reflects these elements: convenience and ease of traffic circulation; enhanced pedestrian accessibility; simpler transit operations; slower speeds; more convenient parking; and more emphasis on multimodal interconnectivity. Examples of the types of traffic and parking strategies that support the emerging downtowns of today include: conversions of one-way streets to two-way, uncoordinated signal systems (or those that encourage lower speeds); more pedestrian facilities (such as mid-block crosswalks and wider sidewalks); streetscape improvements; converting parallel parking to angle parking; and improved parking enforcement and management. One may ask why this is important to traffic engineers. Traffic engineers are inextricably related to the economic health of the society they serve. Their role is to provide good traffic and parking services that will enhance and support the economic development of communities. Most traffic engineers work for governmental entities that invest money in macrosystems—street, parking and transit systems covering large geographic areas (from hundreds of downtown blocks to statewide and national systems). They involve major governmental investments; however, when compared to the aggregation of individual private investments stimulated by public investments, the original public investment may turn out to be small. For example, the original public investment in the Main Street streetscape in Greenville, SC, USA, was $1.1 million. That stimulated private investment of $10–20 million. Subsequent public investment of $140 million has stimulated private investment in the downtown of about $750 million in the last 10–15 years.


Activation of the LA During Atrial Flutter. Introduction: Activation of the left atrium (LA) in patients with isthmus‐dependent right atrial flutter (AFL) has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to analyze the activation patterns in the LA in patients with counterclockwise and clockwise AFL.


The utility model relates to a novel compressor motor which comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a stator puncturing sheet, a main coil and a secondary soil. The novel compressor motor is characterized in that the main coil is formed by aluminum enamelled wires, and the secondary coil is formed by copper enamelled wires. The novel compressor motor is lower in cost, appropriate in volume and long in service life.


During the Cold War, deterrence was one of the central topics of discussion in the field of strategic studies. The end of the Cold War, the rise of international terrorism and the potential for the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction have led some to question the relevance of deterrence theory as well as deterrence as a strategic option. In his new book Deterrence (Polity Press, Cambridge, 2004, pp.160, ISBN 0 745631134), Professor Sir Lawrence Freedman revives the concept of deterrence not only in relation to contemporary security policies but also in the wider context of international relations. The editors are pleased to present this roundtable review of Deterrence, and we would like to thank the author, Patrick Morgan, Richard Ned Lebow and Keith Payne for participating in this fruitful discussion. We hope that it will stimulate renewed debate on this important topic.


All thanks only delivered to the Almighty God who always give us the blessing, mercy, healthy and opportunity to allow us to come and attend this special event. Honorable the four keynote speakers: 1. Asocc. Prof. Fatin Aliah Phang from University Teknologi Malaysia 2. Prof. Dr. Edy Meilyanto, M.Sc., Apt. from Gadjah Mada University 3. Prof. Jein-Shan Chen from National Taiwan Normal University 4. Prof. Dr. Ton de Jong from University of Twente, Netherlands 5. Vice Rector of Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Dr. Iwan Setyawan 6. Dean of Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Dr. Adi Setiawan, and 7. All ladies and gentlemen. All ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Salatiga in the 3rd International Conference on Science and Science Education (IConSSE) 2019. This conference is held in order to celebrate the 27th birthday of Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana on June 8, 2019. Committes also avaliable in this pdf.


Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes was examined for their antimicrobial activities by using crude extract and synthesized silver nanoparticles against human pathogenic microbial strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans. All extracts demonstrated moderate activity against the tested microbes in a range between 0.53 and 2.33 cm. The maximum inhibition activity was found to be against K. pneumoniae while the lowest against S. aureus. Synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) showed inhibition activities between 1.82 and 2.03 cm. The maximum activity was recorded against K. oxytoca, while the lowest activities against P. mirabilis. In context of antimicrobial activity, there was no significant difference either solvent crude extract or synthesized silver nanoparticles against tested microbes. Therefore, crude extracts of O. ficus-indica cladodes or Ag-NPs could be used as an alternative natural drug.


We arranged ancient Korean calendar during Koryo dynasty (A.D. 918-1392) according to Julian calendar. We used two representative history books, Koryo-sa (高麗史) and Koryo-sa Jeolyo (高麗史節要), which contain thea stronomical and the historical records chronologically. We found all 19,727 ganji dates(日辰) and 102 misrecoreded ganji dates in two books. Most of the data are arranged based on those two books, and doubtful data are identified using the eclipse, historical events and lunar phase calculations etc. Although Korea, China, and Japan were using basically the same calendar since ancient times, their calendars show some significant disagreement. We found that arranged chronological tables during Koryo dynasty were, in some cases, different from those of China and Japan.


Combining ability study was carried out for grain protein content in a diallel set of nine diverse varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under normal and late plantings. General and specific combining ability variances were highly significant under both the plantings. However, the magnitude of GCA variance was much higher than that of SCA variance in both the environmental conditions revealing the preponderance of additive gene effects in the genetic control of this trait. The interaction components of variance were unimportant. The per se performance of the parents was associated with their GCA effects. Parents Raj 911, Cocorit-71, Jairaj and HD 4530 were the best general combiners for grain protein content. Superior crosses involved one good and one poor or even negative general combiners.


The measurement of skin friction in rapidly distorted compressible flows is difficult, and very few reliable techniques are available. A recent development, the laser interferometer skin friction (LISF) meter, promises to be useful for this purpose. This technique interferometrically measures the time rate of thinning of an oil film applied to an aerodynamic surface. Under the proper conditions the wall shear stress may thus be found directly, without reference to flow properties. The applicability of the LISF meter to supersonic boundary layers is examined experimentally. Its accuracy and repeatability are assessed, and conditions required for its successful application are considered.


Fossil fuel depletion has become a great concern as the world population is increasing at an alarming rate. Current concerns such as global warming, depletion of fossil fuels and increasing price of petroleum-based fuels have forced the search for alternative and costeffective energy sources with lesser greenhouse gas emissions. Research into the development of renewable and sustainable fuels has recognised bioethanol as a viable alternative to fossil fuels, owing to its low toxicity, biodegradability, and the ability to effectively blend with gasoline without any engine modifications (Harun et al., 2009, 2010a). The utilization of crops such as sugar cane, sorghum and corn are considered as traditional approaches for bioethanol production (Harun et al., 2010a). The use of such feedstock for bioethanol production competes in the limited agricultural logistics for food production thus escalating the "food versus fuel debate" (Harun et al., 2010b). There has been a considerable interest in the use of microalgal biomass to replace food-based feedstock for renewable transport fuel production. Microalgae are autotrophic photosynthetic organisms considered as the fastest growing plant species known (Wayman, 1996). They can tolerate a wide range of pH and temperature conditions in diverse habitats including freshwater and sea water (Harun et al., 2010b). Microalgae can store considerable amounts of carbohydrates in the form of starch/cellulose, glycogen, hexoses and pentoses that can be converted into fermentable sugars for bioethanol production via fermentation (Wayman, 1996). Table 1 shows the amount of carbohydrates in various species of microalgae. Compared to existing edible feedstock, microalgae grow easily with or without soil and offer a very short harvesting cycle (1~10 days) (Harun et al., 2010a). Microalgae also have a high capacity of fixing CO2 via photosynthesis and other greenhouse gases, resulting in an overall reduction in the net gaseous emissions during the entire life cycle of the fuel (Wayman, 1996). Majority of the work reported in literature relies on straightforward sequential application of the production process involving pre-treatment of the biomass, hydrolysis, fermentation and product recovery. Simultaneous occurrences or a combination


The present invention relates to a marine structure using the riser buoyancy device, and this, more specifically, to if deformation occurs in the bent portion of the riser through the expansion and contraction of the telescopic buryeokjae using an electromagnetic force to adjust the distribution of buryeokjae by gentle the bending part of the riser It relates to a buoyant riser system and a marine structure using the same to maintain. Riser buoyancy device of a marine structure according to the present invention, the riser body; Comprises at least a portion surrounding telescopic buoyancy means in the outside surface of the riser body, the buoyant means is telescopic expansion by the electromagnetic force.


20077 Background: The prognosis for SCCE is poor, with less than 10 percent of patients surviving beyond five years. The ability to identify specific markers associated with biological behavior may provide information about the likelihood of both localized and locally advanced disease. The Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) act as a tumor suppressor protein by affecting cell cycle progression and/or apoptosis. The Guanylate binding protein-2 (GBP-2) is an interferon regulated protein whose induction requires the IRF-1 activation.

METHODS
We analyzed the IRF-1 and GBP-2 expression by IHC in 42 patients (pts) with surgically ressected SCCE. A detailed pathologic examination was conducted by selecting single histologic section, which contained a clear transition zone from normal epithelium to invasive cancer. Staining was semiquantitatively scored by two observers based on both intensity and percentage of stained cells. Clinical data information was obtained from medical records.

RESULTS
The median age was 58 (39-75); Male/female 61.9/38.1%; Of 39 pts, 53,8% had localized disease (I/IIA) and 46,2% had locally advanced disease (IIB/III). Nineteen pts received standardized radiochemotherapy before surgery. The IRF-1 and GBP-2 were expressed in 100% and 75% of tumors, respectively. Normal epithelium was stained for both IRF-1 and GBP-2 with distinct expression patterns. There was a significant correlation between scores for GBP-2 and IRF-1 tumor staining (p = 0.23). Interestingly, the score for GBP-2 tumor staining was inversely correlated to clinical stage (p = 0.001), tumor invasion of the esophageal wall (T) (p = 0.26), involvement of lymph nodes (N) (p = 0.035) and tumor extension (p = 0.007). There was no correlation between the score of IRF-1 staining and the clinical-morphological parameters.

CONCLUSIONS
We reported for the first time the expression of GBP-2 protein in esophageal cancer. Our results suggest that GBP-2 expression is related to less aggressive behavior of SCCE. Further studies are required to clarify biological GBP-2 protein function, and possible prognostic implications. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


: We perform wall-modeled large eddy simulations (WMLES) of turbulent flow over a nominally two-dimensional Gaussian-shaped bump geometry to assess its performance in the accelerating and separation regions of the flow. The flow conditions are based on high-fidelity numerical simulations of Uzun & Malik ( AIAA Journal 2022 ). The oncoming flow Mach number is 0.2, with the bump length-based Reynolds number ( Re L ) of 2 million. In our previous study, while WMLES with the constant coefficient Vreman subgrid scale model and equilibrium wall model performed satisfactorily at lower Re L = 1 million, it failed to predict flow separation at the higher Re , contrary to the experimental observations. We investigate the sensitivity of WMLES to different subgrid scale models, wall models, and grid resolution and topology on flow separation by comparing with available data.


The present invention relates to thiazole compounds and preparation method and use of a class represented by Formula I, and more particularly, the present invention relates to novel natural product derivatives largazole, their preparation and as histone deacetylase inhibition application of anti-tumor agents and in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.


Summary form only given. Field emission cathodes are being developed for use in commercial and military applications such as microwave power tubes, sensors, high brightness electron beam sources for analytical instrumentation, and flat panel displays. For all of these applications, lower voltage operation is highly desirable. In flat panel displays, low voltage operation allows the use of inexpensive, off-the-shelf driver electronics and decreases the drive power requirements. The proposed approach is to decrease the operating voltage of field emission cathodes by using diamond films to lower the work function of the emitting surface as compared to conventional tip materials such as Si or Mo. Under certain conditions, diamond films have been shown to exhibit negative electron affinity, which is expected to result in greatly enhanced electron emission. The diamond films will also improve reliability of the cathodes through decreased probability of vacuum arcs due to the lower operating voltages, and increase stability of the emission current due to the high chemical and mechanical stability of the diamond firm surface.


Sir,

We have earlier developed a reliable and valid instrument for assessment of socio-economic status (SES) of households/individuals in urban as well as in rural areas of the country1. This scale1 has seven domains to assess socio-economic status namely House, Material possession, Education, Occupation, Monthly income, Land, and Social participation & Understanding. All seven profiles were equally weighted, each having a maximum score of 10. The score range (0-70) was categorized into five groups based on Central Government city compensatory allowance rules for each category of cities. The scale classifies the subjects into five types of SES categories i.e. Upper, Upper-middle, Middle, Lower-middle and Lower class. The scale was found to be highly reliable with a co-relation coefficient of 0.998 and the applicability of the scale was tested for its concurrent validity through field trial and was found to be of high degree.

In the last five years, this scale has been used on a total sample of 6935 subjects both from urban and rural areas in studies carried out in the Department of Geriatric Mental Health, C.S.M. Medical University, Lucknow, and was found to be an effective tool. Besides this, the scale is being used all across the country by various individual researchers/Institutes in their research activities/study programmes, etc2–10.

Over the past five years, there have been significant changes in the socio-economic matrix of the country, which necessitated modification and updation of the scale to make it use worthy. A provision for such updation every five years has been kept in the scale. The following updation is proposed with adequate rationale. There is no change in basic structure of the scale and thus the reliability and validity are not affected.


According to the development of enterprise culture and employee's information acquisition, this paper proposes the construction of user centered enterprise digital library and analyses three elements of enterprise digital library, such as digital resources construction, user service construction and application system construction. This paper provides a reference for enterprise to the construction of the digital library.


The implementation of the Rapit Transit Bus (BRT) requires evaluation of performance, by exploring service quality. Because service quality is important for the success of Trans Jogja. The purpose of this study was to determine the existing conditions of bus rapid transit (BRT) service and performance in the city of Yogyakarta, and to find out the priority strategies for implementing bus rapid transit (BRT) management at the study site.  The method used in this study was the Science and QFD methods. The results of the research on the existing level of BRT performance in Yogyakarta, the arrival and departure times of Trans Jogja buses are good and can satisfy passengers, but the waiting time and operating time still need handling. The research results of the priority strategies for implementing BRT management management that need to be addressed are ease of location from the community living environment to the Trans Jogja bus stop, ease of change of mode, and management of cost compliance.


Dissolution characteristics of a positive chemically amplified photoresist, AZ-PF514 from Hoechst Celanese, have been studied. Development rate monitor data for different developer concentrations are analyzed. The experimental dissolution rates of the X-ray-exposed photoresist are examined in view of the dissolution model proposed earlier by Reiser. Parameters of Reiser's model associated with the diffusion of an aqueous base through a thin penetration layer and solubility of a phenolate complex in an aqueous base solution are derived for different X-ray exposure conditions. Reiser's dissolution model was used to simulate the developed photoresist pattern profile. An example of 0.25 µm pattern development simulation using a dose-dependent coefficient for diffusion of a developer base into polymer is demonstrated.


This study examines whether higher information disclosure firms have higher associations with accounting returns (EPS) and stock prices based on the Ohlson (1995) model. Survey results on information disclosure and transparency of Taiwan firms in 2004 were obtained from the Taiwan SEC. The results indicate that firms with high levels of information disclosure have a higher association between accounting earning and stock market price than firms with low levels of information disclosure. In addition, the results provide evidence that there is a positively significant relationship between book value and stock price as well as between earnings per share and stock price


Transmitted by the bite of female sandflies, leishmaniasis is a protozoal infection. Visceral leishmaniasis, which is usually transmitted by Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum, occurs when the reticuloendothelial system is affected, and is more severe in HIV-infected patients because it increases HIV viral replication, as described in this case report. The authors also describe gastrointestinal complications that occurred in both this case and in other visceral leishmaniasis cases from the literature.


In this paper, we develop basic theory for the Orlicz affine surface areas for log-concave and $s$-concave functions. Our definitions were motivated by recently developed 1) Orlicz affine and geominimal surface areas for convex bodies, and 2) $L_p$ affine surface areas for log-concave and $s$-concave functions. We prove some basic properties for these newly introduced functional affine invariants, and establish related functional affine isoperimetric inequalities as well as generalized functional Blaschke-Santal\'o and inverse Santal\'o inequalities.


Objective:A large of experiments founded that neurochemical changes are different between formalin test and neuropathic pain represented by deafferentation.Methods:In this study we used in situ hybridization histochemistry to investigate the expression of SOMmRNA in the two kinds of pain models.Results:The effects of electronic acupuncture on the experession of SOMmRNA were studied.The results showed that the number of SOMmRNA positive cells in DRG were increased in formalin test group.The number of SOMmRNA positive cells in DRG were decreased after deafferentation.Conclusion:An electronic acupuncture can change the both expression of two kinds of chronic pain models.


A proposal is presented for the fabrication of transistors with an n- type base containing p-type particles (or a ptype base with colloidal n-type particles) in the anticipation of extending the gain-bandwidth product. If this were followed, the optical extinction by the colloidal phase might be effectively employed in techniques of development and production. (B.O. G.)


The molecular weight distribution (MWD) and its parameters are of the fundamental importance in the characterization of polymers. Therefore, the development of techniques for faster and less time consuming determination of the MWD is of great practical relevance. The goals of this work were the implementation of some of the relaxation models from double reptation theory proposed in the literature, the evaluation of these implementations and the analysis of two key points in the recovery of the MWD from rheological data which are the methodology for calculation of the relaxation spectrum based on the Maxwell model and the numeric strategy for the evaluation of the integrals appearing in the relaxation models. The inverse problem, i.e., the determination of the MWD from rheological data using a specified relaxation model and an imposed distribution function, was solved. In the analysis of the inverse problem, the Generalized Exponential (GEX) was used as distribution function and two approaches were considered: i) explicit calculation of the relaxation spectrum and ii) use of the parametric method proposed by Schwarzl to avoid the explicit calculation of the relaxation spectrum. In the test of commercial samples of polyethylene with polidispersity less than 10, the application of this methodology led to MWD curves which provided good fit of the experimental SEC data. Regarding the methodology for calculation of the relaxation spectrum, a comparison between the performance of discrete and continuous relaxation spectrum was performed and some possible a criteria to determine the appropriate number of relaxation modes of Maxwell to be used were evaluated. It was found that the technique of discrete spectrum leads to better conditioned systems and, consequently, greater reliability of the estimated parameters. With relation to the numeric strategy for the evaluation of the integrals appearing in the relaxation models, the use of Gauss-Hermite quadrature using a new change of variables was proposed. Key-words: Rheology, Relaxation spectrum, Double reptation, Molecular weight distribution, Inverse Problem, Gauss-Hermite Quadrature.


Conventionally, passive filter design is very important to many power electronic circuits and power systems. For the design of these power electronic circuits and power systems, how to obtain accurate corner frequencies becomes a very important issue. It is known that when the load is large, the inductance for an inductor always changes. This is due to the fact that when the current load is high, the inductance always suffers from saturation or hysteresis. Because the inductance is nonlinear, it is very difficult to estimate the actual value for the nonlinear inductance during large current situations. In this paper, the authors explore the saturation phenomenon for a nonlinear inductance. With the describing function method, one can linearize the nonlinear inductor and then estimate the inductance during large current situations. Therefore, the bandwidth for low-pass, high-pass and notch filters can be also calculated very accurately. It can be found by the describing function method that when the current is very large, the corner frequencies or bandwidth frequencies will drift to a larger value in the low-pass filter. The drift value of bandwidth frequencies can be easily calculated by the describing function. This phenomenon can be verified by simulation and experimental results.


The evaluation processes are used for quality inspection, marketing and other fields in industrial companies. This contribution focuses on sensory evaluation where the valuations (perceptions) implies uncertainty, vagueness and imprecision. The use of the Fuzzy Linguistic Approach [17] has provided successful results managing such a type of information. In situations where industries need to optimice the acceptation of a product is applied a sensory evaluation test, so-called affective test, which involves a panel of untrained judges. In order to facilitate such evaluation process seems suitable that the judges can express their assessments according their knowledge. In this contribution, we present a sensory evaluation model applied to affective test that manages frameworks with multiple linguistic scales.


Given the frequent drought that affect the national hydropower, variation of fossil fuel prices in the world and the increasing demand for more power, geothermal energy offers an indigenous environmental friendly alternative to Rwanda today. Rwanda could deliver about 170 to 300 MW of energy from geothermal power (GEA, 1999). The exploration for a geothermal development in Rwanda is still at an early stage. Limited surface exploration work has been carried out in the 80's both in the Western, Southern and Northern provinces of the country. The reconnaissance studies indicate three important zones presenting a geothermal interest: the National volcanoes park, the Graben of Bugarama (Mashyuza) and the hot springs of Gisenyi. Presently, the principal objectives of the Government of Rwanda and international institutions are the evaluation of the high and medium enthalpy geothermal resources of the country, and the selection of a site of prime interest which could lead to future electricity generation from these resources. It is in this context that a joint project between the Government of Rwanda and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR, Germany) for the geothermal resource assessment started in November 2007.


The high quality PTA which produced on the longtime full load operation of imported AMOCO production plant in Yizheng Chemical Fiber Co.was used as sampling batch.The sample was eveness after mixing treatment,the particle size was up to the gauss distribution.The set point mode was to use many groups of operator to simulate many laboraties.The data were handled by the technical staff according to N20,95% cofidence,the permitted deviation was determined.After that the concrete operator was required to repeat test over 10 times for each characteristic value under the same circumstances.


Tobacco use is the leading cause of mortality all over the world. Smokeless tobacco contains higher quantities of nicotine than most cigarettes. Over the past few decades the use of tobacco among women of reproductive ages has increased. Exposure to the toxins present in the tobacco interferes with the endometrial receptivity, endometrial angiogenesis and uterine blood flow. Material and Methods: 30 adult female Swiss albino rats were randomly selected. They were divided into three groups (n=10 each). Group A was kept as control. Experimental groups B&C consisted of rats which were given 5 % & 10% of smokeless tobacco in their feed respectively. Feed and water were given ad libitum. On 31stday the animals were sacrificed. Uterus of all the animals were removed and weighed. The tissues were processed for histological examination under light microscopy using H & E and Trichrome stains. Results:  A significant decrease in the weight of the uterus was observed (P value ≤ 0.001). The histological changes in the uterus of experimental groups revealed severe cystically dilated sub mucosal glands. Endometrial glands also showed marked atrophy (P value ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that the smokeless form of tobacco causes adverse effects on the endometrium of the female Swiss albino rats. Long term use of this form of tobacco may lead to adverse reproductive outcomes or other pathological conditions of uterus.


The experiment was done in the Citrus Research Organisation located in Ramsar (North of Iran) and was conducted through two successive seasons of 1997 and 1998. We have studied the effect of harvest time on fruit growth and hesperidin content of 4 Citrus species. Weight, diameter and peel thickness were characteristic to the species. The highest hesperidin content in different Citrus species, used in those investigations, was obtained 50 to 60 days after full bloom. Citrus species had been differentiated according to their hesperidin content. As the local sweet orange is cultivated on large scale in the North of Iran, therefore it is a suitable source to produce hesperidin. INTRODUCTION A well-documented characteristics of the Citrus genus is the accumulation of high amounts of flavonone glycosides in the fruits (Ortuno et al., 1997, Maier and Hasegawa, 1970). Some of these flavonone glycosides are of commercial interest because they are used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Hesperidin is indicated as oedema protective as well as in the prevention of vein blood stagnation and the regeneration of the normal wall capillary permeability (Gabor, 1998, Ortuno et al., 1997). Several studies have shown that the accumulation of flavonoids in various Citrus species is related to certain stages of fruit growth, the highest levels of these secondary metabolites being detected in very young tissues of the fruit (Castillo et al., 1992, Del Rio and Ortuno, 1994, Ortuno et al., 1995). Therefore, this study was oriented to determine the optimal time of harvest of the immature fruits, to obtain the maximum yield of hesperidin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant Material The flavonone glycoside hesperidin was isolated and quantitatively evaluated in local sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), Thomson navel orange (Citrus sinensis), clementine mandarin (Citrus reticulata) and unshiu (satsuma) mandarin (Citrus unshiu). The statistical design used was a factorial examination on the basis of complete randomised design. The experiment was done in the Citrus Research Organisation located in Ramsar (North of Iran) and was conducted through two successive seasons of 1997 and 1998. The main characteristics of the chosen samples were: immature fruits of local sweet orange from 25 years old trees with fruit diameter varying from 12 up to 42 mm., immature fruits of Thomson navel orange from 17 years old trees with fruit diameter varying from 12 up to 47 mm, immature fruits of clementine mandarin from 25 years old trees with fruit diameter varying from 10 up to 29 mm and immature fruits of unshiu (satsuma) mandarin from 17 years old trees with fruit diameter varying from 10 up to 38 mm. The fruits were harvested at 44, 60, 72, 88 days and 30, 40, 53, 63, 74, 90 days after full bloom in 1997 and 1998, respectively. Crude Hesperidin Extraction After the collection the immature fruits were immediately dried at 50 °C then Proc. Int. Conf. on MAP Eds. J. Bernáth et al. Acta Hort. 576, ISHS 2002 92 grounded. After homogenisation, 100 g from each powder sample were exhaustively extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus in two steps, first with petroleum ether (60°C for 24h) to remove the lipophilic fraction, then with methanol (70°C for 48h) to obtain the total extract. Crude hesperidin was completely precipitated by cooling the methanolic extract in the refrigerator. After filtration and washing with cold methanol, the crude hesperidin was dried in an oven at 50°C. Analysis of Hesperidin Content The purity of the crude hesperidin was determined by HPLC. A μ Bondapak C18 (300×3.9 mm) reverse phase column with an average particle size of 10 μm protected by a C18 (10 μm) guard column cartridge was used (Fischer, 1978). HPLC grade solvents were used for the mobile phase in an isocratic mode with acetonitrile 21.5% and water 78.5% at 2ml/min flow rate. The absorbency was monitored at 258 nm with a U.V. detector. All samples were prepared as follows: 5 mg crude hesperidin powder were dissolved in 6 ml dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), then the volume was adjusted to 100 ml with methanol. The obtained solutions were filtered through a 0.45 μm single use filter. From each sample, 5μl was injected into the chromatograph. Pure hesperidin standard (97 %) was obtained from Aldrich Co.


The Sebi-Ponty dam has a basin that is widely used by the population for agro-pastoral activities (animal watering, agriculture, etc.). This basin covers an average area of 106,000 m2 and an average depth of 7 m or about a volume of 435,000 m3. The origin of the water is rainfall (runoff and direct descent). The availability of water is estimated to eight months taking into account the water being drawn, infiltration and evaporation. A qualitative knowledge of the contents of this pool will be a great benefit to those activities of the population. Itrsquos in this context that this study was carried out by this group of researchers, following physic-chemical compositions were targeted: turbidity, color, temperature, conductivity, pH, hardness alkalinity, nitrite, iron, phosphate, boron, and chlorine concentrations. The physico-chemical results obtained on samples taken in the basin between October and December showed that the concentrations of boron, iron and nitrite exceeded the levels recommended by the standard for agro pastoral needs. While turbidity, color, temperature, conductivity, pH, hardness, alkalinity, phosphate and chlorine are at acceptable levels.


High end splitter-type silencers represent the object of the present paper, that summarizes the results obtained in an experimental campaign conducted in the framework of FlowAirS Project ITN FP7, Marie Curie Actions. Sound measurements on several fully functional splitters scaled 1:3 with Mach and Reynolds number similarity to the typical conditions in gas turbine exhaust stack have been performed. Different trailing edge shapes including tapered and serrated extensions have been tested. Only moderate changes in the measured noise have been found, despite a reduction of the total pressure loss that can be achieved by appropriate design of the splitter trailing edges. Considerable effects due to the covering perforated plate have been found. The results are analyzed applying Nelson and Morfey's theory for obstacles in ducts, the scaling provides a good data collapsing, in particular for the frequencies above the cut-on.


Case study: A 29-year-old patient gave birth to a healthy infant two days ago. You visit her and her newborn in the hospital where the first-time mother tells you that her baby is scheduled to have a hearing test in the newborn nursery.


The utility model relates to a parking lot parking stall monitor system based on BIM. The system comprises a parking stall detector, a BIM integrated data storage, a transmission device, a server terminal and a power supply module. The parking stall detector comprises a supersonic wave parking stall detector and a video parking stall detector. The power supply module, the parking stall detector, the BIM integrated data storage, the transmission device and the server terminal are successively connected one another. The system enables the position of the parking stall detector and the position of the detector at the actual parking stall in the parking lot to be actually corresponding, the BIM system keeps receiving parking stall changing data coupled back by the parking stall detector in the operation. The data received by the BIM system comprises vehicle and parking stall information. The parking stall information matches the corresponding parking stall in the system model, and the data and the model are interacted, so that the parking stall changes are simulated through the display of model and data in the BIM system.


While prior studies provide valuable insight on stress among entrepreneurs in general, the existing literature has not focused on stress among high-growth entrepreneurs. By drawing on the literatur...


At present existed scheduling algorithms of trust-driven ignore the impact of energy-aware mechanism.This paper proposed an energy-aware and trust-driven virtual machine scheduling TD energy-aware-Opt algorithm adapting to cloud computing data centers.The proposed algorithm matched the task and virtual machine by the trust mechanism between resources and tasks,reached the purpose of ensuring the user task performance and energy-aware in data centers.The algorithms are evaluated with large scale simulation.Simulation results demonstrate TD Energy-aware-Opt algorithm outperforms the trust-driven TD max-min and TD min-min algorithms in terms of the average trust utility,total trust utility and the level of service level agreement violation,while providing less level of energy consumption.