To prepare workers for effective practice in community organizing and development in emerging communities, schools os social work need to give careful attention to desiging relevant practice teaching and field practicum experiences. This article proposes a new model for community organization teaching and practicing, aimed at increasing the effectiveness of social work interventions in neo-gemienschaft ethnic-minority communities.


The area of Paledah Village, Padaherang District, Pangandaran Regency is very potential to be developed. This village has interesting natural characteristics, unique social and cultural life. This potential must be encouraged and developed in accordance with the socio-cultural characteristics of the community. The development of community-based tourism is a strategic effort to build the community. Rural tourism development is a long-term and potential investment for the government because human resources and natural resources are available. The purpose of this study was to find out the development of tourism villages based on local wisdom, especially related to the concept of criteria for tourism villages in Paledah village. This study uses a qualitative approach. The process of collecting data used were interviews, observation, Forum Group Discussion (FGD), and literature review. The data analysis technique in this study was descriptive with the stages of data reduction and presentation as well as composing the conclusions. Validity and reliability tests were carried out through a triangulation process. The informants in this study were the government, tourism village communities, and tourism developers which totally 9 (nine) people. The results of the study indicate that the values of local wisdom in the development of agro tourism villages in Pangandaran Regency are contained in organizational principles. There are three main principles of organization, namely voluntary and opened-membership, democracy-based management, and independence. Village tourism criteria include attraction, accessibility, public facilities and tourist facilities, community empowerment, and marketing or promotion. Based of the five criteria for tourism villages in Paledah village, only two that have been running optimally, namely tourist attraction and community empowerment, while the other three criteria still have problems.


This paper describe segregation of scrap materials using automation system. With the growing population rate, the amount of waste being produced is also increasing at a very faster rate. It is also posing a very serious problem at the industrial and domestic level to manage the wastes being dumped everywhere as landfill waste. So, it is very crucial to have some system to manage waste automatically which is currently not there. Prime Minister Modi's mission of Swaccha Bharat Abhiyan can also be successfully implemented by the proposed system. The paper proposes a novel method where the provision is given to separate out metal and nonmetal waste into respective bins by the sensing of different sensors incorporated along the conveyor belt. Pieces of glass, paper, wood and metallic materials are separated out from proposed work. Using the segregation, most of the metal and nonmetal components like paper, glass, plastic increases the economic value of the waste to its best. For every scrap separation system, a higher level of automation demands more and more accurate programming device. So, we are using programmable logic controller (PLC) as main component.


Implicit relevance feedback (IRF) is the process by which a search system unobtrusively gathers evidence on searcher interests from their interaction with the system. IRF is a new method of gathering information on user interest and, if IRF is to be used in operational IR systems, it is important to establish when it performs well and when it performs poorly. In this paper we investigate how the use and effectiveness of IRF is affected by three factors: search task complexity, the search experience of the user and the stage in the search. Our findings suggest that all three of these factors contribute to the utility of IRF.


: A series of highly dense barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) ceramics with average grain size ranging from 0.25  m to 10.15 μ m were prepared by either conventional sintering or a two-step sintering method, using ultrafine BaTiO 3 powders prepared by hydrothermal approach. The impact of grain size on dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of BaTiO 3 ceramics was investigated. Results indicate that the tetragonal phase of BaTiO 3 ceramics increases with the increase of grain size. When the averaged grain size is above 1 μ m, the relative the grain boundaries, while the change of hysteresis loops is due to the change of the crystal field in the grains and the "pinning" effect of the surface layer on the grains.


Best Practice Guidelines (BPGs) represent a promising way to improve nursing care by reducing the time lag between research findings and subsequent changes in healthcare practices. Translating the currently paper-based BPGs into a portable, computer-based format is seen as an important step towards the widespread use of BPGs in nursing practice. In implementing the asthma BPG onto a PDA, we have discovered that the concept of an "algorithm" is distinctly different for nurses and for computer programmers. Our on-going development of the computer-based BPG is influenced by these insights into the dynamic and iterative process of nursing care.


An important extension of point-to-point motion planning deals with navigating a robot optimally through a sequence of waypoints. The resulting multipoint problem is typically nonconvex due to the requirement to optimize the waypoint passage time, which has hindered the determination of globally optimal solutions. In this letter, a new motion planning technique is presented for multipoint problems involving unicycle robots. Our main finding is that, by adopting a cost function that weights a combination of path length and maneuver time, together with a suitable tightening of the control input constraints, such type of problems can be cast as a convex program. This can be solved in polynomial time to obtain a global optimum. The proposed motion planner is compared to time-optimal trajectory generation scheme based on nonlinear programming, and it can find better trajectories than this method while being computationally faster.


Due to the self-referencing aspect, consciousness is placed in a unique non-computable position among natural phenomena. Non-computable consciousness was previously analyzed on the basis of self-referential cyclical time. This paper extends the cyclical model of vacuum observation and posits that choice, or the experience of reality, may be expressed as the initial part of the self-referencing loop, while the conscious awareness of the experience is the other part of the loop. In particular, the inseparability of the two sides of the loop is established through the cyclical time process, which bears a resemblance to Heidegger's analysis of existence. The cyclical looping model is also discussed in terms of Wittgenstein's analysis of language as attaching semantic meaning, or continuous or infinite conscious awareness, to physical reality. We also discuss the proposed model of subjectivity and cyclical time - as opposed to objectivity and linear time - which may be considered similar to Hebrew thought.


: Image fusion methods are presented that allow an acquisition of high-quality images of firearm bullets. The paper focusses on three problems that cause optical systems to fail acquiring images of sufficient quality: illumination, depth of focus, and visibility. In all cases, the accompanying limitations are compensated by obtaining series of images and com-bining them into an improved result by means of appropriate data fusion techniques.


This study explored the impact of a Cultural Self-Analysis (CSA) Project on early childhood undergraduate preservice teachers' cultural awareness and dispositions toward working with culturally diverse students and families. The project was based on the ABC's of Cultural Understanding and Communication, a model designed to facilitate the development of cultural competencies in preservice and inservice teachers. Participants reported that the CSA Project experience increased their cultural self-awareness, ability to identify and appreciate cultural differences, and ability to convey the importance of understanding different cultures to enhance home-school interactions and communication with students and families from diverse backgrounds.


In the present work,MoS2 decorated graphene nanocomposite powders were synthesized by laser scribing method.Theobtainedflexible light-scribed graphene/MoS2composites are very suitableas micro-supercapacitors and thus their performance was evaluated at different concentrations.The effect of laser scribing process to reducegraphene oxide (GO) was investigated. The GO/MoS2composite wassynthesized using a chemical mixing of GO solution withMoS2/Dimethylformamide (DMF)solution.Themixtures with various concentrations of MoS2were then coated on a LightScribe DVD disk and laser scribed to reduce GO and create aMoS2/laser-scribed graphene (LSG) composite. Four different concentrations of MoS2/LSG composites (pristine rGO, 1:100, 1:75 and 1:50 MoS2/LSG) were utilized as supercapacitor electrode and the electrode with the best performance was selected for flexible micro-supercapacitor applications. The present findingsdemonstrate that MoS2/LSGmicro-supercapacitor has high specific capacitance per area. The sample with MoS2/LSGvolume ratio of 1:50 shows the highest specific capacitance (~ 8 Fcm-3) and itscyclic stabilityis favorable over 1000 cycles. Keywords:Graphene oxide, laser scribed graphene,MoS2/LSG nanocomposite, micro-supercapacitor, RGO, Microstructure, DVD.


This article examined the change of Japan Resources Diplomacy(JRD) in 1970-1990. The major era(-1960), Japan depended on an oil major and the United...


Cultural industries are becoming in general more important in advanced economies as sources of employment and economic growth. In this paper, a quantitative exploration is given of recent trends in cultural industries in the Netherlands. The data show a rapid rise of employment in the cultural industries in the last decade. Moreover, the four largest cities, although losing some terrain, are important sites for cultural production. Furthermore, in terms of employment Amsterdam still turns out to be the undisputed cultural capital of the Netherlands. The Dutch capital clearly has the edge in all but one of the selected cultural industries. The one notable exception is architectural services. Rotterdam, home base of many famous international architectural firms, is asserting its status as the most important place for this kind of cultural industry in the Netherlands. Copyright (c) 2004 by the Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG.


We report the dephosphorylation reactions of the organophosphates diethyl 2,4-dinitrophenyl phosphate (DEDNPP) and dimethyl 4-nitrophenyl phosphate (methyl paraoxon) by the oxime 2-(hydroxyimino)-N-phenyl-acetamide (Ox 1). Rate enhancements of 107-fold over the rate constant for the spontaneous hydrolysis are observed in aqueous medium in presence of the anionic form of the oxime. Ox 1 represents a new family of nucleophiles which could be used for the degradation of toxic organophosphates. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Sulfonylurea herbicides are frequently used in agricultural crops even if they determine quantitative and qualitativechanges in soil microbial communities. In this study it was used increasing doses of two sulfonylurea herbicides,tribenuron-methyl and nicosulfuron, in order to establish their effect on actinomyces communities from soil underlaboratory conditions. Using nutritive gelose with soil extract and Gause medium the main species of actinomyceswere identified: Streptomyces albus, Streptomyces aureus and Streptomyces chrysomallus. Streptomyces albus is themost abundant species, which could indicate a resistance to used herbicides. Sulfonylurea herbicides, tribenuronmethyland nicosulfuron, point out a lower value, inhibiting the actinomycete communities from soil.


The growth curve of R. orientalis in the yolk sac tissue of dead chick embryo were figured out comparing with that in the same tissue of living one.In general, the growth curves of R. orientalis in both tissues, dead and living, were quite similar, although the maximum titer of the latter constantly higher than the former. When the large inoculum used, the multiplication of rickettsia in dead chick embryo began within 24 hrs. after inoculated, reached the maximum on 5th day, and after 2 or 3 days of plateau, the titer declined gradually to zero on 14th day.The susceptibility of the yolk sac of dead chick embryo for rickettsia was found about one-hundredth lesser than mice by comparing ID50 of eggs with LD50 of mice of the same infective materials. In contrast, in the living chick embryo they were almost one to one correspondent.For getting better contact between rickettsiae and tissues of eggs in cultivation of dead chick embryo, rickettsiae inoculated in eggs at first before chilling, and then eggs were incubated at 35°C for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hrs., followed by the treatment of chilling as usual method. The growth of rickettsia in these eggs were figured out after reincubated at 35°C. It was found such treatment had no effect on the growth of rickettsia thereafter comparing with that of usual method.In dead chick embryo, the temperature of incubation of 38°C had no effect. on the growth of rickettsia comparing with that at 35°C.


Motivated by the dramatic success of the internet, the software industry has become obsessed with standards. The general premise, which is valid, is that standards can accelerate market adoption. At the same time, we are seeing efforts to define standards earlier and earlier in market lifecycles. These standards, typically driven by vendors or research organizations, are not based on proven customer requirements. Instead, they are based on trying to anticipate what those requirements will be. Historically, standards developed in this manner have failed (Has anyone in the computing industry talked about OSI in the last 10 years?).


Surgery is the only curative treatment for cholangiocarcinoma. However, most patients present with advanced disease, and hence are unresectable. Thus, the intent of treatment shifts from curative to palliative in the majority of cases. Biliary drainage with intraluminal brachytherapy is an effective means of relieving the malignant biliary obstruction. In this review, we discuss the role of brachytherapy in the palliation of obstructive symptoms in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Core Tip: Intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) is an effective means for palliation of biliary obstruction in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. It delivers a high dose of radiation to the tumor but spares surrounding normal tissues, thus avoiding many of the side effects seen with external beam radiation. The high dose per fraction in ILBT can have an ablative effect on the tumor and can lead to better symptom control and quality of life. ILBT, when combined with these drainage procedures, improves the stent patency rates by inhibiting tumor ingrowth.


Purpose

Open and distance e-learning (ODeL) practices have substantial contributions to make in achieving societal development goals. The challenge however remains with enhancing skilling, training and educating professionals who will contribute to this progress. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how transformative education and training in global health can be undertaken through ODeL in increasing the quality, quantity and relevance of health professional education and training.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on a descriptive qualitative case study of the International Health and Development Course offered by the University of the Philippines Open University and is thus limited in its scope from other courses in the program.

Findings

Transformative education and training through ODeL has the potential of increasing the quality, quantity and relevance of health professionals training. However more critical assessment of transformative learning outcomes is needed via rigorous methods of objectifying such outcomes. Achieving transformative health education and training requires rigorous engagement in constructivist-oriented experiential learning that allow learners to be accustomed to significant interactions achieved by involvement in problem-based methods accomplished through small group e-tivities in order to demonstrate applicability in the real work context.

Originality/value

The outcome of this paper is relevant to institutions in Asia that offer ODeL-based global health programs through open knowledge systems in order to produce graduates who are more responsive to the evolving health needs amid twenty-first century global health challenges.


There is strong evidence that adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are associated with poor short‐, medium‐ and long‐term health outcomes. In South Western Sydney, we trialled a modified ACE checklist in community paediatric clinics. Our aim was to design the best version of the ACE checklist for routine clinical use to serve as both a clinical and quality indicator.


"Shendu"is a very important concept in Chinese history of thought.From the perspectives of philology,word-formation and history of thought,this paper intends to examine the original meaning,literal sense and the extended meaning of"shendu"as well as the development of its meaning in Chinese history of philosophy.This paper tries to comb out the rich and varied meanings,implications,and changes of the concept of"shendu"in Chinese history of thought so as to resolve some doubts.


Replication of observation allows consistent estimation of slope parameter of a linear structural model when the ratio of variances is unknown or when some external information about parameters is not available. In this paper, we look at the way a linear structural relationship model work by replicating observations with two different estimation methods of slope parameter and different cases of existence of outliers. The maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) and a new nonparametric robust estimation method  are used to estimate the slope parameter in replicated linear structural relationship model (RLSRM). The simulation studies and the application of real data are used to investigate the performance of the estimated parameters.


[Objective]The aim was to extract tanshinone from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. dregs and to determine tanshinone components. [Method]Organic solvent method was adopted to extract tanshinone from S. miltiorrhiza dregs and TLC was used to determine the optimum extraction solvent. The components of tanshinone were measured with HPLC. [Result]Ether was the best solvent to extract tanshinone from S. miltiorrhiza dregs. After water immersion,dry dregs of S. miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng were extracted with ethanol to obtain fat-soluble extracts. Then with ether as the solvent for Soxhlet extraction,the yield of crude tanshinone was 2.17%. The HPLC detection showed that the contents of tanshinone Ⅱ A,methylene tanshinquinone,cryptotanshinone,tanshinone Ⅰ were 3.62%,1.02%,2.56%,2.75% respectively. [Conclusion]The components of tanshinone in S. miltiorrhiza dregs were basically the same as tanshinone in medicine S. miltiorrhiza. S. miltiorrhiza dregs could be used as a kind of tanshinone resource,which has the value of development and utilization.


Abstract 2817 Poster Board II-793 Abnormal plasma cells (PC) present in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and its precursor condition, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), characteristically possess multiple chromosomal abnormalities. Moreover, both stages of disease exhibit considerable intratumor heterogeneity, which often becomes even more complex during disease progression. The precise mechanism(s) underlying this process remains unknown. However, we hypothesize that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and compromised repair of these deleterious lesions may underlie intratumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution in the monoclonal gammopathies. In this regard, H2AX, a member of the H2A family of histones, plays a particularly important role in the DSB response and prevention of cancer. Immediately following DSB formation, one or more of the PI3K-like kinases become activated and rapidly phosphorylate H2AX on a conserved serine residue. Phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) is then rapidly recruited to the DSB site and is readily detectable as DNA damage foci by immunohistochemistry. The precise function of γH2AX has yet to be determined, however, it is hypothesized that γH2AX may recruit DNA repair proteins to the DSB site and may aid in keeping severed DNA ends in place in order to avoid erroneous end joining. Despite the functional uncertainty of γH2AX, the presence of γH2AX nuclear foci serves as an excellent indicator of DSBs. Therefore, the goal of our study was to assess MM cells for evidence of DSBs. We began our studies using a panel of 8 human MM cell lines. Of note, the number of foci was found to vary among the MM cell lines and to vary from cell to cell with the number of γH2AX foci per cell ranging from 0 to 28. The presence of γH2AX in these cells was also confirmed via flow cytometry and western blotting. We also wished to determine if primary MM and MGUS PCs displayed evidence of DSBs. Among primary patient samples, freshly isolated PCs from 13/18 MM patients and 1/3 MGUS patients exhibited evidence of γH2AX foci. Taken together with the MM cell line data, the number of γH2AX foci was found to increase across the disease spectrum of MGUS to MM patient sample to MM cell line. Endogenous γH2AX foci have previously been detected in a variety of tumor cell lines. Although these foci have been hypothesized to derive from multiple factors, the extent of phosphorylation has been shown to be associated with the number of chromosomal aberrations as well as the phase of the cell cycle. In general, S and G2/M phase cells tend to demonstrate higher levels of H2AX phosphorylation, which is most likely due to doubling of histone content during the cell cycle and the fact that chromatin condensation during DNA replication can also trigger H2AX phosphorylation. Thus, it remained possible that the γH2AX displayed by the cell lines simply reflected cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. To address this possibility, we labeled cells with BrdU and then measured levels of γH2AX in cells in the G1, S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. However, we observed nearly equal levels of γH2AX in G1 and S phase cells suggesting some level of γH2AX foci was independent of DNA replication. These results were also consistent with our observation that there is no correlation between the plasma cell labeling index and the number of γH2AX foci in CD138+ plasma cells isolated from 18 MM patients. Thus, endogenous γH2AX in MM cells does not appear to be primarily attributed to cycling cells and may be indeed reflective of DSBs. Finally, to further demonstrate that the γH2AX foci genuinely reflected sites of DSBs, we performed double staining for γH2AX foci and 53BP1, a protein that is known to be recruited to DSB sites following DNA damage. Results revealed clear colocalization of γH2AX and 53BP1 in both MM cell lines and MM patient samples. Given that DSBs can lead to genomic instability and tumor progression, our observations that primary MGUS and MM PCs display evidence of DSBs at isolation are intriguing and suggest a mechanism whereby clonal evolution occurs in the monoclonal gammopathies. The presence of a higher frequency of γH2AX foci in MM cell lines is consistent with their derivation from MM patients with aggressive disease. Collectively, these studies suggest MGUS/MM PCs may display an impaired ability to repair DNA damage and studies designed to examine this possibility are underway. Disclosures: Dispenzieri: Celgene: Research Funding.


In order to determine the pathogenic fungi species of storage rot blueberry in Yuxi City,Yunnan Province,the fruits were collected at Chengjiang County.Naturally infected fruits were used as material.Pathogenic bacteria was cultivated with tissue isolation.After the isolation and purification of fungi,pathogenic fungi were identified with morphological observation,ITS rDNA(Internal transcribed spacer)area sequence analysis.The results showed that three pathogenic fungi were separated from the disease occur on blueberry fruit during storage.Three fungi were Cladosporium,Alternariaand Stemphylium.The results of this study provided a theoretical foundation for blueberry storage rot disease prevention and control in Chengjiang County.


ANALYSES OF RENAL TRAUMA BY USING CT SCAN Toshikazu Imai Department of Transplantation Surgery, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (Director: Prof. N. Akiyama) Hideto Go and Yoshiaki Kawakami Department of Urology, Nigata University School of Medicine Minoru Saito Department of Urology, Takeda General Hospital Between 1980 and 1985, we performed CT scananalyses in 33 cases of renal trauma except one. As a evaluation, we classified these cases into 7 groups. Stage 0: no discernible injury, Stage 1: contusion, Stage 2: subcapsular hematoma without laceration, Stage 3: perirenal hematoma without laceration, Stage 4: subcapsular hematoma with laceration, Stage 5: perirenal hematoma with laceration, stage 6: pedicle injury. The results of our study revealed that our classification on renal trauma by using CT scan was useful for the evaluation of clinical status and the diecision of the operative indication especially emergency operation.


We present new high-dispersion, long-slit, infrared (IR) spectra of the double-shell bipolar planetary nebula M2-9 in the emission lines [Fe II] λ16435 and H2 v = 1–0 S(1) λ21218. H2 spectra reveal for the first time the kinematic structure of the outer shell in M2-9. Kinematics of the inner shell, traced by [Fe II], resemble those of optical forbidden lines like [N II] λ6583, although we note subtle differences. [Fe II] and H2 shells have expansion speeds roughly proportional to distance from the star ("Hubble" flows) and share the same dynamical age of 1200–2000 yr, depending on the distance to M2-9. Thus, the inner ionized lobes and outer molecular lobes, as well as the molecular torus and "outer loops" measured by other observers, were all formed around the same time. Consequently, their nested structure likely arises from an excitation gradient rather than independent ejections. H2 and [Fe II] emission is distributed more uniformly than [N II], and IR lines are not dominated by the moving ionization pattern like visual-wavelength lines. We suggest that this is because IR lines of [Fe II] and H2 are excited by relatively isotropic far-UV radiation (Balmer continuum), whereas optical lines respond to a directed rotating beam of Lyman continuum. Finally, we highlight intriguing similarities between M2-9 and the Homunculus of η Car, despite the different central engines powering the two nebulae.


The spread of COVID-19 poses a threat to humanity, as this pandemic has forced many global activities to close, including educational activities. To reduce the spread of the virus, education institutions have been forced to switch to E-learning using intelligible and free educational platforms, despite the challenges facing this sudden transformation. The focus of this study is E-learning from the perspective of students and teachers on the use and implementation of E-learning systems in higher education institutions (HEIs) in foreign language teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article aims to identify issues related to the use, advantages, disadvantages and barriers of E-learning programs at the university by comparing the views of students and teachers who use this method of learning in long-term unusual circumstances. Four aspects were identified and characterized, namely: the extent of the use of E-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, the advantages, disadvantages and obstacles of implementing E-learning in foreign language learning in in higher education institutions. In the course of our research, we have achieved some results that shed light on some of the problems, challenges and benefits of using E-learning systems instead of traditional education in higher education institutions in general and during emergencies. The most popular programs among teachers for online classes were highlighted and characterized in this article.


Objective:To investigate the relationship between p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38MAPK) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),and to study the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and vascular endothelial growth factor for diabetic nephropathy,and therefore to study the mechanism of sodium selenite in anti-diabetic nephropathy.Methods:We initially investigated protein expression of p38MAPK and VEGF in rat mesangial cells(RMCs)which were incubated respectively with 25 mmol/L glucose,100mg/L BSA-AGEs,100nmol/L insulin and 100 μmol/L H 2O 2.We also studied the relationship between p38MAPK and VEGF protein expression by using SB203580,a specific inhibitor of p38MAPK.We then evaluated the direct effects of sodium selenite on the regulation of p38MAPK and VEGF protein expression.Results:p38MAPK and VEGF had significantly higher expression in RMCs incubated with 25mmol/L glucose,100mg/L BSA-AGEs,100nmol/L insulin and 100μmol/L H 2O 2 respectively.VEGF activity was significantly reduced when p38MAPK was inhibited by SB203580.Furthermore,both p38MAPK and VEGF protein expression were significantly decreased in RMCs with sodium selenite treatment.Conclusion:p38MAPK and VEGF are involved in development of diabetic nephropathy and p38MAPK stimulation is essential for VEGF expression,and also suggests that sodium selenite may play a role in the prevention of diabetic nephropathy by down-regulation of both p38MAPK and VEGF expression.


improved by a new CAD/CAM-technology. The primary coping from titanium can be milled with this system in a thickness of 150 µm.


Current preclinical models of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) require sophisticated technologies and/or genetically engineered cells for the noninvasive monitoring of tumors in remote sites, such as bone. Recent developments in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis provide an alternative method for noninvasive tumor monitoring at a low cost. Here, we sought to evaluate human Alu and LINE‐1 ctDNA for the longitudinal measurement of subcutaneous and intratibial human PCa xenograft growth and response to ionizing radiation (IR) through comparison with standard slide caliper and bioluminescence measurements.


Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a serious public health problem and a leading cause of death in the first month of life. The present study aimed to study the trends of low birth weight in Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh, India.Methods: Retrospective review of records of Kamla Nehru Hospital, Shimla covering the period January 2016 to December 2020 was done. The total number of low-birth-weight babies each year were retrieved.Results: A total of 34769 live births took place in Kamla Nehru Hospital, Shimla from 2016 to 2020. Among the total live births, 8479 (24.39%) were having low birth weight (<2500 gm) while 26290 (75.61%) were having normal birth weight (>2500 gm). Out of total 8479 LBW Babies, 7148 (84.3%) were LBW (<2500 gm),1167 (13.76%) were very low birth weight (1000-1500 gm) and 164 (1.93%) were of extremely low birth weight There was continuous decrease in low birth weight from 35.14% in 2016 to 17.51% in 2019. After that it start increasing slightly to 18.9% in 2020.Conclusions: Over the span of five years, there was continuous decrease in incidence of LBW. Nutritional education during pregnancy and proper Antenatal care (ANC) services needs to be addressed to reduce prevalence of LBW in Himachal Pradesh


Thermoelectric energy harvesting has attracted a lot of attention for powering self-powered devices because of the potential to generate energy anywhere with a temperature difference. In particular, a stretchable thermoelectric generator (S-TEG) can be applied to the repetitively moving parts of a machine and even a human body. Herein, we suggested a S-TEG using thermoelectric composite films made by dispersing n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 powders into the polyvinylidene fluoride elastomer. The prepared n-type thermoelectric composite film with 75 wt% of Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 powders showed a power factor of 1.81 mW m−1 K−2 at room temperature. Next, we fabricated S-TEG by encapsulating thermoelectric powders-based composite films, and Ag-coated textile electrodes with an Eco-flex matrix. The fabricated stretchable energy harvester generated a maximum output power of 2.35 nW at a temperature difference (ΔT) of 25 K. By repeatedly introducing ΔT=5K, our S-TEG converted the output voltage of 3.4 mV and current signals of 0.25 mA. Moreover, a finite element analysis with multiphysics COMSOL simulation software was conducted to compare the experimental and theoretical thermoelectric output performance of the fabricated S-TEG. Finally, we demonstrated energy harvesting by converting human body heat into electrical energy for potential utilization of our energy harvester. This study led to the development of a S-TEG design using thermoelectric film with a simple and low-cost fabrication procedure, providing a potential approach for use as a next-generation wearable device power source.


At present,the end of drill string (DS) is simplified as a hinge in FE analysis and the excitation is assumed periodic. This paper emphasizes the longitudinal vibration of DS by modelling the lower end of DS with actual boundary condition. The structural mass matrix and stiffness matrix are obtained,from which the proportional damping matrix is also obtained. The real boundary condition of the lower end of DS is obtained by studying the interaction between the roller cone bit and the rocks. The vibration equation is dissolved by the HOUBOLT technique, a numerical solution method. A simulation software was developed according to the above vibration model. A lot of simulating experiments have been carried out. Some meaningful results are obtained which will guide drilling operations.


The closed life-cycle aquaculture production of the spiny lobster (Panulirus ornatus) is on the verge of commercial reality; hence the need for the development of health management strategies. Lobsters have an open circulatory system in which the haemolymph is inhabited by microorganisms that could be used as indicators of health under various culture conditions. The aim of this study was to characterise the responses (total haemocyte and granulocyte counts, clotting times) and microbiome (culture-dependent and -independent analysis) of the haemolymph of healthy cultured P. ornatus juveniles under two thermal regimes; control (28 °C) and elevated (34 °C). Haemolymph was sampled on days 0, 4 and 6 post-exposure. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 16S rRNA genes showed that the core haemolymph microbiome consisting of phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteriodetes was not affected by temperature. However, small but significant shifts in the abundance of certain bacterial groups were detected following exposure to 34 °C after 6 d. This included an increase in family Rhodobacteraceae and decrease in phylum Planctomycetes, and families Flavobacteriaceae, Alteromonadaceae and Cohaesibacteraceae when compared to control lobsters. These observations were commensurate with a significant decrease in total granulocyte counts. Overall, culture-independent methods captured a higher bacterial diversity and load with respect to culture-dependent methods, yet members of the Rhodobacteraceae (Alphaproteobacteria) were strongly represented in both analyses. Other haemolymph responses (total haemocyte counts, clotting times) and the haemolymph bacterial load as determined by qPCR of the rpoB gene (55 - 13076 cell equivalents mL-1) and colony forming units (0 - 3190 CFU mL-1) were not associated with changes in temperature. This is the first comprehensive study on bacterial communities in the haemolymph of P. ornatus and highlights the importance of microbiome analyses in identifying microbial shifts that may impact lobster health.


Hybrid seeds influence seedling vigor in forage sorghum and corn. Few investigations were reported on the hybrid effect on vigor for irrigation conditions in Jordan. A new investigation conducted under the Norman Borlaug fellowship during 2017 demonstrated a suitable simulation for growers. The first step required the identification of drought-tolerant seeds. Five commercial seed lots (three of corn and two of sorghum) were used. The second involved planting seeds under controlled and field conditions in the Florida A&M University and then evaluating the vigor by measuring emergence, fresh weight, and water use efficiency. Corn (6640VT3P) had significantly higher fresh weight and vigor. However, it was significantly the highest with water use efficiency in the greenhouse. The superiority of corn (6640VT3P) may be attributed to increased seed weight. Thus, results reported suggest that corn (6640VT3P) had a high impact on the seedling establishment that could be grown under extreme drought conditions.


Quantum communication protocols are typically formulated in terms of abstract qudit states and operations, leaving the question of an experimental realization open. Direct translation of these protocols, say into single photons with some d-dimensional degree of freedom, are typically challenging to realize. Multi-mode coherent states, on the other hand, can be easily generated experimentally. Reformulation of protocols in terms of these states has been a successful strategy for implementation of quantum protocols. Quantum key distribution and the quantum fingerprinting protocol have both followed this route. In this paper, we characterize the Gram matrices of multi-mode coherent states in an attempt to understand the class of communication protocols, which can be implemented using these states. As a side product, we are able to use this characterization to show that the Hadamard exponential of a Euclidean distance matrix is positive semidefinite. We also derive the closure of the Gram matrices, which can be implemented in this way, so that we also characterize those matrices, which can be approximated arbitrarily well using multi-mode coherent states. Using this we show that Gram matrices of mutually unbiased bases cannot be approximated arbitrarily well using multi-mode coherent states.


Dealing with the growing amount of user posted content like preferences, responses, comments, past experiences and beliefs spread through social media is a vital but challenging task. Being applied in several domains, recommender systems are used to find solutions and suggestions based on users interests including tourism-related opinion detection and tourist-attraction spot identification. Tourists can access and analyze this information for making decisions and predicting best tourist places. This study aims to predict tourist attraction spots and their related information by analyzing the data from social media (Facebook, Twitter etc.) which in turns help the tourist industry by deliberating what kind of attractions tourists can have and how to obtain their preferences. For this purpose four algorithms such as Kernel Density Estimation, K- Nearest Neighbor, Random forest and XG Boost have been used. The findings revealed that XG Boost yields better results in terms of accuracy than other three algorithms.


Reopens the question of Gower's relation to Boethius "De Consolatione Philosophiae" and to the well-known allegorical works that derived from it, notably Alan de Lille's "De Planctu Naturae" and RR. DCP, he claims, is less straightforward a work than is usually supposed, for in the dialogue between Lady Philosophy and the "Prisoner," its broadest philosophical affirmations are consistently punctuated, and undermined, by existential doubt. It also leaves unresolved a contradiction between two roles attributed to Nature: one the benevolent universal order, and the other, a constraint upon the freedom and aspirations of the individual. DPN preserves the same ambiguity regarding Nature and creates the same sort of irresolution, but it also suggests a different way of measuring human love in its brief echoes of the diction of courtly vernacular poetry. Jean de Meun's portion of RR continues the interplay of the "courtly" and "cosmic" perspectives, setting the model for CA. Gower's poem is also concerned with the relation between human life and the larger natural order, but like all of these, it sees this relation largely in terms of uncertainty rather than resolution. The Prologue, for instance, raises a number of serious issues, but offers no coherent definition of man's "nature" or of his relation to the larger cosmos. The same uncertainty is reflected in other ways in Gower's design. The functions of the dialogue in DCP, Wetherbee claims, are taken over in Gower's poem by the interplay between the Latin and the English portions of the text. The authority of the Latin tradition, moreover, is consistently undermined by being (literally) marginalized, and through the persistent, calculated ambiguities of the Latin head-verses. Genius is less a spokesman for a particular view in this plan than a mediator between the Latin and vernacular worlds of meaning, but he himself has no basis for resolving their conflicting claims. He also tries to create a relationship between the exemplary tales and Amans, the lover who is the prisoner of courtly convention, expressing the difficulty of applying Latin tradition to the "radically vernacular world" of the main body of the poem. Genius is marked by an "enlightened naturalism" and an instinctive sense of "kynde" and reason that offers one sort of mediation between the conflicting claims on human behavior, but his insight remains only tentative, and the poem finally offers no clear and definitive statement on the problem of human self-governance. [PN. Copyright The John Gower Society. JGN 11.1]


A 55-year-old woman, resident in an iodine-sufficient area, had a diffuse goitre for 25 years. She presented with a rapidly increasing swelling in the right frontal region for 3 months and increasing thyroid gland enlargement for 4 years. On examination, she had a diffuse, firm goitre (grade IV) with multiple tattoo marks and no cervical adenopathy. The swelling in the right frontal region (6×8×6 cm) was globular, …


Hypnale hypnale (hump-nosed pit viper) is a medically important venomous snake in Sri Lanka and Southwestern India. Bite of this snake may result in hemostatic dysfunction, acute kidney injury and death. Clinical studies indicated that the locally available polyvalent antivenoms produced in India are not effective against hump-nosed pit viper envenoming. Hence, there is an urgent need to search for effective antivenom. In this paper, we examined the ability of Calloselasma rhodostoma (Malayan pit viper) monovalent antivenom and the Hemato polyvalent antivenom (both produced by Thai Red Cross Society, TRCS) to neutralize the lethality and toxic effects of H. hypnale venom, as C. rhodostoma is considered a sister taxon of H. hypnale. In vitro neutralization studies showed that the Hemato polyvalent antivenom effectively neutralized the lethality of H. hypnale venom (1.52 mg venom/mL antivenom) as well as the hemorrhagic, procoagulant and necrotic activities of the venom. The monovalent C. rhodostoma antivenom could also neutralize the lethality and toxic activities of the venom, but the potency was lower. The Hemato polyvalent antivenom also effectively protected mice from the lethal and local effects of H. hypnale venom in an in vivo rodent model of envenoming. Furthermore, the polyvalent antivenom could also effectively neutralize the venom of Daboia russelii (2.50 mg venom/mL antivenom), another bites y be common cause of snake polyvalent antivenom ma


The reaction conditions between maleic anhydride and methanol were optimized for synthesizing trans-but-2-enedioic acid monomethyl ester (MMF). The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions are as follows: after reaction between maleic anhydride and methanol (molar ratio 1.1:1) at 60℃ for 1 hour,adding 10.9% of aluminium chloride into the product and then maintaining the mixture at 80℃ for 2 hours. After 2 hours,71.9% yield of MMF can be obtained. Ionic trans-but-2-enedioic acid monomethyl ester was prepared through neutralization of imidazolium hydroxide with trans-but-2-enedioic acid monomethyl ester. The product was identified using FTIR and NMR. The antimicrobial activities of ionic MMF against bacteria,mold and yeast were determined by photoelectricity turbidimetric method spread plate method. It was found that ionic MMF has strong antibacterial activity and could be used as bacteriostatic agent.


Objective: To study the effectiveness of laser photodynamic therapy for the treatment of residual cavities after liver echinococcectomy. Materials and methods: An open prospective and retrospective study of clinical material was conducted using statistical and analytical methods of examination and treatment of 74 patients hospitalized in the Department of Surgery No. 1 of the Samarkand City Medical Association in the period from 2020 to 2021. Results: As a result, this method made it possible in our clinical studies to maximize the deposition of microorganisms, thereby preventing suppuration of the residual cavity and reducing the frequency of complications and relapses after liver echinococcectomy from 30 to 4.5%. Conclusions: Thus, the addition of laser photodynamic therapy in the treatment of liver echinococcosis is a highly effective combination of surgical and therapeutic methods of treatment, which provides a complete cure for patients and prevents the development of postoperative complications and relapses of the disease.


The invention relates to dietotherapy, in particular to a dietotherapy of white mushroom braised chicken. The invention has the characteristics that: one kilo of white mushroom, two old hens and three red lucid ganodermas are put in a pan. Water is added into the pan and the water level is above the white mushroom, the old hens and the red lucid ganodermas and after the water is boiled, the hens are stewed with mild fire till the meat of the old hens is overcooked. Eat the white mushroom braised chicken three meals a day. The invention has the advantages of liver- protecting, convenient processing, and high standardization and is simple and quick.


The goal of this work is to develop a High Level Monitoring (HLM) where to merge the distributed computing activities of an LHC experiment (ATLAS). ATLAS distributed computing is organized in clouds, where the Tier-Is (primary centers) provide services to the associated Tier-2s centers (secondaries) so they are all seen as a cloud by the experiment. Computing activities and sites stability monitoring services are numerous and delocalized. It would be very useful for a cloud manager to have a single place where to aggregate available monitoring information. The idea presented in this paper is to develop a set of collectors to gather information regarding site status and performance on data distribution, data processing and Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) tests (Service Availability Monitoring), store them in specific databases, process the results and show it in a single HLM page. Once having it, one can investigate further by interacting with the front-end, which is fed by the stats stored on databases.


Glass−carbon composite hollow fibers were prepared by extruding a suspension of glass particles in an N-methylpyrrolidone solution of poly(ether sulfone). The fibers were gelled in water and pyrolyzed for 0.5−30 min in a furnace preheated to 1100−1200 °C. The resulting composite carbon−glass fibers had about 2.1 mm o.d. and 1.3 mm i.d. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine fiber morphology, while the nitrogen permeance was about 7 × 10^(-5) mol/m^2·Pa·s, indicating pores of micron size. Compared to pure glass fibers, which are easily deformed at 900 °C, the composite fibers could withstand temperatures up to 1200 °C without suffering deformation.


In a paper 'On some Pamphylian Inscriptions,' published in the first volume of the Journal of Hellenic Studies, p. 242, my principal object was to establish the value of the symbols ψ and in those inscriptions. I was able to bring many analogies for the value assigned to ψ, viz. that of a palatal sibilant; but I could find no analogy outside of the Pamphylian inscriptions for the interpretation of as being in some cases equivalent to the English wu. At the time I did not notice that the Pamphylian explained as was suggested in my paper, afforded an exact parallel to a Naxian inscription, the interpretation given of which by Bentley was doubted by Kirchhoff, Griech. Alph. p. 73, solely because it was so singular. In the Naxian inscription the form [Τ]Ο ΑϜΥΤΟ is given by Bentley as equivalent in meaning and scansion to the Attic ταὐτοῦ; in other words ἀϜυτοῦ; is a dissyllable.


We investigate the presence of an acoustic-quasi-elastic interaction contribution in the IXS spectra of liquid water at 301K using inelastic x-ray scattering with sub-meV energy resolution at momentum transfers 0.77 ≦ Q ≦ 4.20 nm−1. The contribution appears due to the overlap the acoustic mode with the tail the quasi-elastic mode and is fully consistent with hydrodynamic theory. Incorporating this interaction allows us to describe the dynamic structure factor, SðQ;!Þ, without introducing an extra mode, and may help explain earlier contradictory interpretations. The sound velocity, and relative intensity of the quasi-elastic and acoustic mode, plateau for Q > 2nm−1 at values consistent with a viscoelastic generalization of the Landau–Placzek relation.


Information retrieval test collections are typically built using data from large-scale evaluations in international forums such as TREC, CLEF, and NTCIR. Previous validation studies on pool-based test collections for ad hoc retrieval have examined their reusability to accurately assess the effectiveness of systems that did not participate in the original evaluation. To our knowledge, the reusability of test collections derived from "living labs" evaluations, based on logs of user activity, has not been explored. In this paper, we performed a "leave-one-out" analysis of human judgment data derived from the TREC 2016 Real-Time Summarization Track and show that those judgments do not appear to be reusable. While this finding is limited to one specific evaluation, it does call into question the reusability of test collections built from living labs in general, and at the very least suggests the need for additional work in validating such experimental instruments.


This paper is the result of studies, reflections and articulated research to the project Continuing Education for Teachers of Basic Education in the lower elementary school: actions to literacy in cities with low IDEB of Western Parana, linked to the Centre for Education Program - CAPES/INEP. In this context, our research, in particular, focuses on actions to mediate the appropriation of writing by working with speech genres language. Thus, as part of this investigative  process, we aim in this paper to analyze the written text activities in a class of 2nd year (lower elementary school), considering a work using the gender invitation. Guided by the question:  "how mediation of the teacher, while working with speech genres from the perspective of literacy, may contribute to the acquisition of written language of students in the 2nd year of elementary school? - Intend to reflect on a didactic - methodological strategies on a qualitative research process, of the ethnographic type, endorsed by the methodology of action research, with gender invitation, from the perspective of emphasizing the importance of the teacher's role as mediator during this teaching process. It is, therefore, a research in Applied Linguistics, using the theoretical framework of Cultural-Historical Psychology (VYGOTSKY, 1995, 2001, 2007) and the concept of Dialogic Discourse (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 2004; BAKHTIN, 2003), being within of the socio-historical approach to language . We also seek support in theoretical studies such as Geraldi (2003, 2006), Cagliari (2009, 1998), Martins (2007), and other authors who address on the inclusion of children in social interaction through writing. The results reveal the teacher importance of "intervention" in activities that facilitate the appropriation of the written language.


The density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation (DFT/ GGA) is adopted to study the electronic structures and magnetism of V13 cluster and doped V12M clusters (M=Sc, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh). The binding energy, electronic structure and magnetism of the clusters have been obtained. Further more, the information of cluster magnetism and the relationship between magnetic moments and electronic structures of clusters were analyzed. The results show that V12Fe and V12Ru clusters are the most stable structures which have the closed-shell system with larger binding energies and larger energy gaps between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). V12Y cluster has a giant moment of 11μB. The ground states of most clusters are shown to be magnetic, but their magnetic moments are not striking.


NHS Health Scotland in partnership with Childsmile, commissioned the Institute of Social Marketing to design and implement research to inform the Childsmile communication strategy, including social marketing campaigns, designed to promote the Childsmile programme. Two exercises were completed: a literature review and primary research with key stakeholders. This report comprises the review of literature.


The present invention provides a method of mounting a light-emitting element, including: employing epitaxial growth to grow and form a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, a second semiconductor layer and a buffer layer successively on a starting substrate using a material that is lattice-matched to the starting substrate; employing epitaxial growth to form, on the buffer layer, a window layer/support substrate using a material that is not lattice-matched to the starting substrate; removing the starting substrate; forming a first ohmic electrode on the first semiconductor layer; forming a partial removed portion exposing the second semiconductor layer, the buffer layer or the window layer/support substrate, to provide a step; forming a second ohmic electrode in the removed portion; fabricating a light-emitting element chip by separating a light-emitting element in which the first and second ohmic electrodes are formed; and flip-mounting the light-emitting element chip onto a mounting substrate in such a way that the side of the light-emitting element chip on which the first and second ohmic electrodes are formed is closest to the mounting substrate. The present invention thus provides a method of mounting a light emitting element with which it is possible for a light-emitting element chip to be mounted easily even if there is a large step between the first and second ohmic electrodes.


s / Parkinsonism and Related Disorders 22 (2016) e87ee141 e128 Konitsiotis , Evangelia Ntzani . Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece Objectives: To investigate the risk for degenerative parkinsonism related to pesticide exposure through a meta-analysis of observational studies. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search for observational studies published until January 2015. We explored the association between exposure to any pesticide and parkinsonism. Then, we performed a separate analysis focused on Parkinson's disease (PD). We summarized OR estimates using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses were performed for different types of exposure, different types of exposure assessment, specific pesticides and pesticide groups. Results: Sixty-nine studies examining the association between pesticides and parkinsonism were considered eligible for quantitative synthesis. Out of these, 62 were assessing the risk for PD, 5 for any type of Parkinsonism,1 for MSA and 1 for PSP. The summary OR for the effect of pesticides on Parkinsonism was 1.43 (95%CIs: 1.3-1.56, I21⁄480%, p<0.001). There was no evidence of significant publication bias. Studies examining PD showed a summary OR of 1.45 (95%CIs: 1.31-16, I21⁄481.2%, p<0.001). Smaller heterogeneity was observed in studies examining occupational exposure and those using occupational history or biomarkers for exposure assessment (Table1). The risk for PD differed significantly across exposure to different pesticides (Table2) and pesticide groups. Conclusions: The currently available literature supports a strong association between degenerative parkinsonism and pesticide exposure. Further studies examining exposure to specific pesticides are warranted.


The end-reinforced composite-beam (eco-girder) system was developed that has characteristics of the existing composite beams such as reduced floor height and increased strength. With it, less use of steel is expected. In the eco-girder system, only both ends of the steel-frame beam, which are vulnerable to the ultimate moment, are reinforced with steel plates so that the steel frame beam design will be based on the moment at the beam center. This study used fiber element analysis, which is a simple representation and numerical integration of the principles of the detailed Finite Element Method(FEM), to predict the hysteretic behavior of reinforced composite beams under cyclic loading. The validity of the numerical method was verified by comparing the results of this study with those of previous studies. In addition, the hysteretic behavior of the eco-girder was compared with that of the existing composite beams.


This paper describes how computerization is the byproduct of loosely organized movements rather than simply an industry selling products to an eager market. We briefly examine five "computerization movements": urban information systems, artificial intelligence, office automation, instructional computing, and personal computing. These computerization movements share key ideological beliefs, which we also characterize. The main alternative normative analyses of appropriate computerization come from counter movements whose interests intersect with some special form of computerization: in workplaces, around intrusions on personal privacy, and on consumer rights. These counter movements articulate how computing should be balanced with competing values such as good jobs, fair information practices, and consumer control. We argue that these counter movement views do not add up to a coherent alternative humanistic vision for appropriate computerization.


The DC component of short circuit current has a great effect on the working condition of the circuit breaker.The conventional power system transient simulation softwares such as BPA,PSASP and PSS/E can only calculate the AC component of the grid short circuit current while can not directly calculate the DC component accurately.The transient electromagnetic simulation model for the Shanghai Grid was built and the decaying characteristics of the DC component of the shout circuit current in the Shanghai grid were studied in the transient electromagnetic environment,which provided an important basis for economically and reasonably selecting circuit breakers for the Shanghai Grid.


This paper analyzes the localization of hypothesis of rational behavior in classical game theory,and presents a new n-person non-expected utility games model based on the RDEU theory.The definition and a few existence theorems of its Nash equilibrium are given.Then we point out that the Nash equilibrium of the games is relevant to the risk attitude of players by analizing the example of the "Battle of Sexes" game,which illustrates the effectiveness of this model.


This article examines gendered aspects of women's lives in a hill village in central Nepal during the decade-long civil war (1996-2006). The predominantly middle aged and elderly women discussed in the paper were not directly influenced by Maoist equality agendas, nor have they been – as yet - significantly empowered by the recent post-conflict gender reservations. Rather, the paper argues that it was via the unintended consequences of the conflict - their unexpected leadership of a village development project – that these women forged an alternative path towards gender transformation.


Auditor switching can be happened mandatorily and voluntarily. Auditor
switching voluntarily will be rising many questions because they are occured
outside of the rules. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find empirical
evidences about the factors that influence voluntary auditor switching. Variables
that are used in this research are voluntary auditor switching (SWITCH), public
accountant firm's size (KAP), client size (LnTA), company growth (ΔS), financial
distress (DER), and audit opinion (OPINI).
The population of this research is manufacturing which is listed in "Bursa
Efek Indonesia"(BEI) in 2009-2011 period. Sample collecting method which used
in this research is method purposive sampling, that based on criteria which has
been determined before. Hypothesis in this research are tested by logistic
regression analytical method.
The result of this research indicates that variables which have significantly
effect to the voluntary auditor sitching are public acoountant firm's size and audit
opinion. On the other hand, other variables like client size, company growth, and
financial distress do not have significant effect to voluntary auditor switching


Objective : To find out the prevalence of Hypochondriasis among Iraqi repatriated prisoners ofIraq-Iran war, and the relationship with some variables.Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out from Jan. 2nd , 2006 through May 4th , 2006. Anon-probability accidental sample of 400 repatriates who had visited; Ministry of Human Rights,Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Defense. A questionnaire was constructed for this purpose, whichconsisted of 6 items for demographic data, and 14 items for measuring Hypochondriasis. Reliabilityand validity of the questionnaire had been determined through the pilot study (Test and retest) and theexperts panel. Data were collected with using the constructed questionnaire and the process of theinterview as means for data collection. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptivestatistical analysis, which are; percentages, frequencies and inferential statistic analysis (Pearsoncorrelation coefficient).Results: The study revealed that the majority of repatriates are inflicted with moderate and severelevels of Hypochondriasis. The findings also indicated that there is a high significant relationshipbetween Hypochondriasis relative to; duration of captivity, marital status, level of education, and dateof repatriation.Recommendations: The study recommends that it is very important to establish special mental healthservices centers within the primary health care centers deal with those repatriates for counseling and inorder to diagnose and treat them and further studies in this field with follow-up studies for the.


As the most valuable cultural heritage left to the subsequent generations by the Medieval Europe,the European universities in the Middle Ages appeared in the special circumstances. During the late period of the Middle Ages of Europe,the economic and social development,the cities' appearance,the existence of multiple order patterns,the dominance of Christian culture and the prevalence of the guild organizations provided the birth of the Medieval universities with some basic conditions,and to a large extent,shaped the organizational characteristics and institutional arrangements of the medieval universities such as dedication of knowledge,university's autonomy,academic freedom and democratic management. Of course,this institutional environment also kept a close association with universities' organizational or institutional defects such as the organizational conservativeness,the functional monotonousness and the organizational disability of self- controlling. These experience and lessons of the Medieval universities are still important implications for today's construction of China's modern university. Therefore,they should be paid attention to by reformers and constructors of universities.


An antibacterial and deodorant fiber characterized in that a fiber treatment agent comprising at least a component (A), and (B) and/or (C) below are attached thereto at 0.2 to 5 wt% of the total weight of the fiber: (A) at least one plant extract, said plant being at least one selected from the group of tea leaves, aloe, bamboo, bamboo grass, Japanese butterbur {Petasites japonica}, loofa {Luffa cylindrica}, horsetail {Equisetum arvense}, Japanese mugwort {Artemisia princeps}, geranium {Geranium nepalense var. thunbergii}, persimmon, and grapefruit; (B) at least one nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of an alkylene oxide adduct type nonionic surfactant and a polyhydric alcohol type nonionic surfactant; (C) at least one anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid salt, sulfonic acid salt, sulfuric acid ester salt, and phosphoric acid ester salt.


WeI consider a proper and effective role for government participation in the standards process. Natural conflicts are identified. To structurethe presentation, two types of objects for standards are considered: equipment or its software equivalent versus interfaces among them. It appears clear that standards specifications should focus on interfaces. Then, phases of the standardization process are followed, and suitable interven1 tions for government are presented. Specific examples are drawn from effortssupported by ARPA, the Defense Department's Advanced Research Projects Agency.


Unidirectional synchronization for neurons via terminal sliding mode control was realized.Simulation made us know that desynchronized neurons because of parameters changing or external disturbance can be changed into synchronized neurons by this control method.The simulation experiments prove the feasibility and the validity of this control method.


Social bots are automated accounts often involved in unethical or illegal activities. Academia has shown how these accounts evolve over time, becoming increasingly smart at hiding their true nature by disguising themselves as genuine accounts. If they evade, bots hunters adapt their solutions to find them: the cat and mouse game. Inspired by adversarial machine learning and computer security, we propose an adversarial and proactive approach to social bot detection, and we call scholars to arms, to shed light on this open and intriguing field of study.


Catalog ULP microcontrollers (MCUs) have to balance the needs of diverse customers by providing high performance along with near zero standby power and fast wakeup times for real time applications. We present a full HVT 8MHz 75uA/MHz Non-Volatile Logic (NVL) based MCU that has zero standby power and an ultrafast 384ns wakeup time. Non-volatile mini-arrays distributed throughout the logic domain of the MCU snapshot the state of all sequential elements before the MCU goes into a power gated standby mode. Upon wakeup no bootup is required. A high bandwidth parallel connection between the flipflops and mini-arrays helps achieve fast MCU wakeup. NVL has no impact on MCU active mode performance and power and adds only 3.6% to the SoC area. By eliminating leakage in standby mode, NVL allows use of high performance leaky processes in MCU design. We present results from a second generation full SVT 32MHz NVL MCU. The SVT SoC has 4x higher active mode performance or 30% lower active energy than the HVT SoC, but can still achieve zero leakage using NVL.


A real-time measuring and displaying system for liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic (LMMHD) generation test facility is designed in this paper. The system is mainly compos of measuring instruments, transmission device and industrial PC, which realizes measurement data's automated storage, historical inquiry and dynamic display of the power generating fa It was operated in 2008, and ran well in experiments.


Data acquisition, involving both data collection and accompanying filtering, is a crucial part of an SSC experiment. The extreme demands on the acquisition system for I/O bandwidth and real-time computation capability that makes irrecoverable event selections requires that the system operation be well designed and fully understood. Modelling is a valuable and perhaps necessary tool for a successful design of such complex systems. As a demonstration of the modelling process we have made a few studies of simple systems consisting of a large number of microprocessors arranged in a ''farm'', a system in which each event is routed from the digitization/readout crates directly to a single microprocessor, one of a large parallel array, which performs the complete software event filter on that event. Subsequent events are transferred in turn to other processor nodes which are idle. The results of our crude simulations agree with the expected performance of such farms, and suggest that realistic modelling of SSC acquisitions will be important. 3 figs.


More than 40 % of carbonate area in Slovenia and development of urban activities, which cause the pollution lead to more frequent researches of solute transport in fractured and karstified rocks. The laboratory experiments were made to study the behaviour (sorption) of tracer in a porous media as preliminary study for in-situ tracer experiments in fractured rocks and final modelling of mass transport. The experiments in saturated zone were carried out in the laboratory of the Institute for Mining, Geotechnology and Environment in three permeameters which were connected successively. There also existed a possibility of sampling after each permeameter. As media there were used three porous materials of different grain size distribution from a close limestone quarry. Salt and uranine were used as tracers. During the tests various measurements like flow, pressure, temperature, pH, conductivity, oxygen content, alkalinity, acidity and uranine content were constantly performed. So far are the results undetermined due to detection problems, so we were forced to perform additional batch-tests to confirm the sorption process. The experiments in a physical model, where unsaturated zone would also be researched, are planned.


Closed flexible contours extracted from images to represent object outlines are often called snakes. This paper explores and extends snakes to extract contour features from images for modeling and pattern recognition. Many contour extraction algorithms have a common formulation as a constrained optimization problem. One version, called the constrained fuzzy clustering algorithm, links fuzzy clustering and snakes-the resulting contour being called a fuzzy snake. An extension of this result replaces the snake vertices with fuzzy line exemplars. The resulting structure is called a fuzzy line snake; some of its properties are discussed and an example is presented.


To achieve economies of scale, engineering departments in UK universities may choose to develop common modules. Law is a candidate for such shared delivery. However, professional institution accreditation for undergraduate degree programmes is important. Therefore engineering professional institutions' accreditation documentation was analysed and the relevant law requirements were extracted and summarised. The accreditation role of the Engineering Council and Joint Board of Moderators is explained. In addition, in recognition of the close relationship between civil engineering and construction the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and Chartered Institute of Building's requirements were scrutinised. This paper then critiques the engineering and construction professional institutions' law requirements. Some overlap between the legal topics required by engineering and construction professional institutions is identified; for example, the legal framework, contract, environmental and health and safety l...


The European Union and its Member States have been the staunchest supporters of the ICC system of international criminal justice in the last two decades. That system is now at a critical juncture. With a view to the future, it is necessary to examine how the ICC can overcome the current challenges and build upon its successes to date. And more specifically, how the EU and its Member States can, and should, help the ICC in this respect. By critically assessing the EU's performance to date in mainstreaming support for the ICC throughout its policies and activities, this study addresses these questions


For a mine to be changed from an open pit to underground stope, the stability of the boundary pillar has direct influences on the safety production of the mine. Taking Shirengou Iron Mine as an example, a three-dimensional numerical model is built with a finite element analytical software to simulate the stress and distortion of the pillar and stope caused by fractional stoping under dynamic load. The results were analyzed in detail, which reaches a conclusion useful for guiding safety production of the mine.


Digital videos become more and more popular, meanwhile, the illegal usages and distribution also grow as well. It also arise another problems such as users can copy vast amount of digital data at will. Watermark is a logo belongs to the owner and watermarking is the technique which is created for protecting the copyright. The watermark can be embedded and hidden into the owner's video products. Because the owner can prove his ownership by extracting the watermark such that the watermarked videos are distributed via the public channel, the unauthorized copying may be discouraged. In the proposed scheme, the watermark is embedded into the MV (Motion Vector) of ME (Motion Estimation) of the video and the watermark in the video could be retrieved without original video. The proposed technique of embedding watermark into videos will not increase the data quantity; on the other hand, the information quantity can be increased. Keyword: Motion Vector, Motion Estimation, Watermark, Video.


List of Tables and Maps - Preface - Yugoslav Chronology - Introduction - PART 1: THE INTERNATIONAL SETTING - The United States and the Post-Cold War International System - What Should Policy Be?: Guidelines for Intervention? - PART 2: THE YUGOSLAV SETTING - The Development of the War in Yugoslavia - The Nature of the War - PART 3: UNITED STATES INTERESTS IN AND PERCEPTIONS OF BOSNIA - Security Interests and Other Interests - The Foreign Policy Mood in the United States - American Perceptions: Civil War, Ethnic Hatred and Moral Responsibility - Vietnam and the Debate on Intervention in Bosnia - PART 4: US POLICY IN YUGOSLAVIA AND BOSNIA-HERZOGOVINA - The Bush Administration: from Status Quo to Immobility - The Clinton Administration I: The Agony of Decision - The Clinton Administration II: Reassertion of American Leadership? - PART 5: THE NEW ETHOS ON INTERVENTION - The Reluctant Great Power - Index


A new time-to-digital converter (TDC)-based fast-lock all-digital delay-locked loop (DLL) with a built-in duty-cycle corrector (DCC) is presented. The proposed DLL utilizes a new shared TDC-based phase correction and duty- cycle correction scheme that results in a fast lock time of less than 22 clock cycles. Conventional DCC embedded DLLs usually have a limited operation frequency and slow lock time. However, in the proposed new architecture, since the DCC is built into the delay line of the DLL, it can operate at high speed of up to 3.5 GHz. Implemented in a 65-nm 1.0 V CMOS process, the proposed DLL achieves a frequency range of 0.8-3.5 GHz, and the duty-cycle correction range is ±20% at 0.8 GHz. It achieves an effective p-p output clock jitter of 5.4 ps at 3.5 GHz, occupies an active area of 0.08 mm2, and the power consumption is 8.0 mW at 3.5 GHz.


Declining concentrations of Ca and other base cations in soils and surface waters in eastern North America have led to concerns that forests may become nutrient limited, particularly in regions that are harvested. We constructed a nutrient budget for a selection harvest in central Ontario that is typical of eastern North America. Atmospheric deposition (5-year average) and mineral weathering (PROFILE) were considered as the sole inputs to the forest, while exports included nutrient losses in streams and removed in stems. Sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) was the only tree species removed in the study (∼30% of basal area) and harvesting had no strong impact on stream chemistry. Mass balance calculations were performed on average values, but with estimates of uncertainty associated with each input parameter. A Monte Carlo simulation was run (10 000 runs) for Ca, Mg, K, Na, P, N, and S. In the absence of harvesting, average mass balance estimates are positive for all nutrients except S. When harvesting is ...


One of the largest challenges facing structural biologists is to predict the structure of complex molecules in aqueous solution. In this article we show for the first time that Locally Enhanced Sampling can be used in conjunction with the recently implemented Particle-Mesh-Ewald method to address this challenge. We present results from studies of a small RNA tetraloop system (5'-r[GGACUUCGGUCC]) where this combined protocol has allowed our simulations to rapidly find the experimental structure starting from an alternate location in phase space.


Based on the China's offshore investigation and assessment in the autumn of 2007,dissolved trace metals in the sea area of the Changjiang Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay were studied and estimated with gray cluster method.According to the National Sea Water Quality Standard(GB3097-1997),the evaluation model for trace metals in seawater with gray cluster method was established.The evaluation results show that the surface seawater quality in the nearshore area of the Changjiang Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay is good as a whole,but the contents of mercury and lead are relatively high,especially mercury.The seawater quality to the north of the Changjiang Estuary,in the north of the Hangzhou Bay and in the near of Zhoushan Isle are not so good,the main reason is the drain outlet.According to this study,evaluating the content of trace metals in the surface seawater using the gray cluster method was relatively objective and reasonable.


Significance Correct selection of nascent proteins into the appropriate biogenesis pathways is crucial for protein homeostasis. N-terminal methionine excision (NME) is a ubiquitous nascent protein modification that impacts >50% of the proteome. This enzymatic reaction occurs near the peptide exit tunnel of the ribosome, where multiple other ribosome-associated protein biogenesis factors also vie for access to the nascent protein. How timely and selective NME occurs in this crowded environment is unclear. Here, kinetic measurements with bacterial NME enzymes combined with mathematical modeling show that the crowded macromolecular environment at the ribosome exit site enhances both the efficiency and specificity of this fundamental enzymatic reaction via a combination of timing and allosteric mechanisms. The nascent polypeptide exit site of the ribosome is a crowded environment where multiple ribosome-associated protein biogenesis factors (RPBs) compete for the nascent polypeptide to influence their localization, folding, or quality control. Here we address how N-terminal methionine excision (NME), a ubiquitous process crucial for the maturation of over 50% of the bacterial proteome, occurs in a timely and selective manner in this crowded environment. In bacteria, NME is mediated by 2 essential enzymes, peptide deformylase (PDF) and methionine aminopeptidase (MAP). We show that the reaction of MAP on ribosome-bound nascent chains approaches diffusion-limited rates, allowing immediate methionine excision of optimal substrates after deformylation. Specificity is achieved by kinetic competition of NME with translation elongation and by regulation from other RPBs, which selectively narrow the processing time window for suboptimal substrates. A mathematical model derived from the data accurately predicts cotranslational NME efficiency in the cytosol. Our results demonstrate how a fundamental enzymatic activity is reshaped by its associated macromolecular environment to optimize both efficiency and selectivity, and provides a platform to study other cotranslational protein biogenesis pathways.


A model in which the micro-void mechanics and macro-fracture mechanics are combined is proposed to estimate the ductile crack growth in metallic materials. A node release technique using a potential function is employed in the proposed finite element method. J-integral, far from the crack tip, is taken as a fracture parameter and the criterion of node releasing is described in terms of fracture strain and stress triaxiality near the crack tip. The ductile crack growth and the influential factors are investigated numerically for three-point bend specimens. The predicted curves of J-integral versus crack-extension show good agreements with the experimental measurements.


During the last decade, there has been a huge advancement in the use of transperineal ultrasound (TPU) in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Its main applications in obstetrics include the monitoring of fetal progression in labor and recently the assessment of maternal pelvic dimensions, whereas in gynecology, TPU is at present widely used for the evaluation of the female pelvic floor, opening new boundaries for the assessment of pelvic floor disorders. The association of volumetric three-dimensional techniques has largely contributed to the remarkable progress that has occurred in the use of TPU. The aim of this paper is to offer an overview of the advantages, challenges and future perspectives of the use of TPU for women's imaging.


This paper deals with a ques디on of how the economic development in East Asia has influenced on emissions of C02 and 502. thereby considering a larger question of whether or not economic development can coexist with environmental quallity. Despite an increased scale of emissions. 502 has not so much increased as expected. and rising energy efficiency has madle CO2 emission intensity stabilized. or even declined like in China. These favorable facts are resulted from the efforts of Eas1: Asian countries to raise competitiveness in the world market. public awareness of environmental quality. and technology transfers through F' DI and ODA. However. if the economic growth rate surpasses the rise in energy efficiency' CO2 emissions as a whole would continue to increase. Keyωords: Environmental Kuznets Curve. Advantage of latecomer. 502 ancl CO2 emissions. Inclustrialization. East Asia


1. Frequently changing climatic conditions can cause recurring droughts which often subject plants to tremendous amounts of stress, leaving biologists to wonder about its impact on the associated herbivores and their interactions with host plants.


In this paper, an algorithm based on the collocation and homotopy analysis methods, for solving initial-boundary value problems, is introduced. The application of this algorithm is based on the approximation and interpolation of the dependent variables by using suitable functions or polynomials according to their values in the collocation points corresponding to a suitable discretization of the space variable. Then the space derivatives are approximated using interpolation. Replacing them in the equation transforms the initial-boundary value problem into an initial value problem for ordinary differential equations. The obtained initial value problem is solved by homotopy analysis method. In the frame of the homotopy analysis method, the optimum value of convergence-parameter corresponding to each point is computed by a simple stochastic function minimizer, namely differential evolution method. Lagrange polynomials are usually adopted for the interpolation. In this framework, the Burgers model is considered as a prototype example.


As a maritime country and also as an archipelago country, Indonesia has many ports spread troughout its region. This makes sea transportation become the community's choice, especially for shipping goods. This is because the load capacity is greater and the price is more efficient than land or air transportation. From time to time, sea transportation continous to grow. With an increase in the flow of ship visits and cargo flows, the port as a supporting facility for sea transportation is demanded to continue to be maximized in the services of these two things. This research aims to evaluate the feasibility of the dock capacity at the Tanjung Tembaga Port in Probolinggo, East Java. The evaluation process is carried out by processing ship visit data, then measuring the dimensions and capacity of dock, and finally looking for the value of Berth Occupancy Ratio (BOR). The result showed that ship visits in Tanjung Tembaga Port still tend to be low. Then for the BOR value, it is known that the level of dock usage in Tanjung Tembaga Port in 2021 is 68%. This value is still below the maximum BOR value, which means the addition of dock length is not needed.


In the new situation, for promoting professional education steadily according to the instruction from the 15th army college meeting and the headquarters, the college should summarize experiences and find shortcomings. Through holding the nature of professional education, intensifying research, mission sense and teaching reform, the innovation of professional education will be achieved.


Reference-free XRF is a SI traceable technique for the
determination of the mass deposition (mass per unit area) of elements in films on the nano- and micro scale. The method is radiometrically calibrated instrumentation (PTB@BESSY II, Germany) and based on reliable knowledge of all relevant atomic fundamental, experimental and instrumental parameters. No calibration sample or reference materials are necessary. The approach had been validated in the CCQM-P140 pilot study and the K129 key comparison by determination of mole fractions in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films.


Introduction: The doctor-patient relationship is one of the most unique and privileged relations and in our country, it has been complicated over the past few decades. The Consumer protection Act 1986& its Medical Profession related Provisions of 1995 is a unique legislation which provides for speedy and economical redressal in a simple manner. Objectives: To identify and describe the issues which have a direct or indirect bearing in the filing of these cases. To analyze role/ responsibility of respondents and asses the status of cases. Material and method: Retrospective study of CPA cases of ten years from the year 1998 to 2007 was done and there analysis was done. All current cases of alleged medical negligence were studied as motioned below. a) Case files in establishment section (legal cell) including complaints and legal notices were retrieved, reviewed and analyzed. b) Case sheets and discharge summary in admitted patients were reviewed. c) Outpatient and casualty records in selected cases wherever required were referred. Results: The total numbers of cases was found to be sixteen. Case filling distribution was made as per District Forum, State consumer Disputes Redressal (SCDR) Commission and National consumer Disputes Redressal (NCDR) Commission and was 4, 7 and 5 respectively. Study showed more cases were from surgery department. Role and responsibility analysis showed that 3 cases were direct responsibility, 12 cases were joint responsibility and 6 cases were shared responsibility. Status of cases showed that 15 cases were pending in forum and commissions. Conclusion: The prime object of the Medical Profession is to render service to humanity; reward in the shape of material term or anything is a subordinate consideration. Gradually doctors are realizing that CPA may be beneficial in the long run. There would be more trust and transparency in doctorpatient relationship. Expected outcomes of studied cases filed against AIIMS of the topic are likely to be decided in favour of AIIMS.


This study was conducted to assess the financial performance from year to year, using the financial statements of the balance sheet and profit / loss for the period 2009 to 2013, this study is descriptive type. The data used in this study is secondary data. The analytical method used is the analysis of Financial Ratios. Based on the survey results revealed that the liquidity ratio and current ratio especially activity ratio is below the industry average. Solvency ratio, in particular Debt to Total Assets Ratio of the year 2009-2013 the company condition is above average in the industry so that is good enough to use their assets and make it easier to obtain a loan company. Debt to capital (debt to equity ratio) is above the industry average. NPM in particular profitability ratios, ROA and ROE are also above the industry average. This shows that the company's financial performance is quite good. Keywords: financial statements, financial ratios and financial performance


Europeanization, Cartelization, and the Three Faces of the Party : The Contradictory Responses of Swedish Social Democrats to the Challenges of European Integration, 1990-2006


That the SD-field begins to grow up just after the sudden commencement of magnetic storm and it develops fairly intensely while the Dst-variation is still in its initial phase, is derived from a statistical examination of copies of H-, D-, and Z-traces of magnetograms at Sitka (φm=60°.0). A simple graphical method to represent the variation of SD-field with storm-time is proposed.


A 75-year-old female presented to the Emergency Department with nausea, feculent emesis and abdominal distension. On previous visit the patient was diagnosed with a 2.2×1.9×1.1 cm ectopic gallstone in the mid small bowel without evidence of ileus or bowel obstruction and was subsequently discharged home. She returned 2 days later, abdominal plain radiographs revealed mildly dilated small bowel with air-fluid levels and a calcified mass in the right hemipelvis. Bedside ultrasound was performed and an airfilled gallbladder with a fistulous tract was visualized. Dilated loops of bowel were visualized with an abnormal back and forth movement of intestinal contents, consistent with a small bowel obstruction. Patient went on to have an uncomplicated surgical extraction of the gallstone with resolution of her ileus. We would propose using point-of-care ultrasonography with abdominal plain films as an adjunct for expedius bedside evaluation and diagnosis of gallstone ileus in elderly patients.


Because health resources are finite and health care expenses remain high, it is need rationalized for the use of clinical interventions. Pharmacoeconomic analysis becomes an important tool in the process. The tools can help to improve the efficiency so as to maximize use of health resources. This article firstly describes four methods of pharmacoeconomic analysis, then analyze their current application for clinical decision-making. The paper also explores the ways to use the method of cost- effectiveness analysis in-depth.


In previous work (1992), the authors studied the characteristics of gated field emitter failures and developed a theory to explain failure initiation. During a failure, the voltage between the emitter tip and gate (spaced 1 mu m apart) was found to drop from -140 V to approximately=-10 V. The current density was found to be approximately 10/sup 12/ A/m/sup 2/ during the failure, and plumes of ions and electrons were injected into vacuum. The ratio of ion current to electron current was found to be 10%. Those results indicated that the failures were similar to cathodic vacuum arcs. In the present study the energies of the ions and electrons are measured using a retarding potential energy analyzer. The results show that there are ions with energies as high as 80 eV and electrons with energies of 6 eV. The high-energy ions confirm that emitter failures are cathodic vacuum arcs. >


This paper analyzes the main issues of the Venezuelan agriculture and food sector during the last decade. Based on the new regulatory framework created by the 1999 Constitution, it examines the resources used and the results achieved by the main lines of policy implemented in this regard. It argues that the results are in no proportion to the resources employed, with very scanty achievements in the development of the internal production and the food-processing sovereignty, and limited advances in the elimination of the landowner power, even though with important improvements as to income in the rural areas. Finally, it offers an overview of some existing threats to agriculture and requisites to attain a sustainable agricultural development.


In order to investigate the transient hydrodynamic performance of Mixed-Flow-Pump and determine the appropriate prediction method, some experimentations and numerical simulations were carried out. Comparison of the transient results with the quasi-steady assumption results showed that pump performance had substantial transient effects during the starting period; that the flow-rate and pump head increased as rotational speed increased; and that they finally approached the steady-state values. The non-dimension head coefficient tended to become larger than the quasi-steady value at the very beginning of the start. The analysis model of the pump starting was set up on basis of the internal characteristics of pump and the one-dimensional unsteady motion equations of pipeline. The results of numerical analysis were almost the same as those obtained from the experiments, and indicated the numerical model is fit for transient performance prediction of Mixed-Flow-Pump.


A gangue perforated brick and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: taking, by weight, 1 to 3 parts of shale, 1 to 3 parts of fly ash and 3 to 9 parts of gangue, respectively crushing the shale and the gangue, putting the crushed shale and gangue into a stirring mill, adding water in the process of stirring so as to control the water content of the mixture to be 12 to 13%, taking the mixture out and allowing the mixture to stand for more than 72 hours; putting the mixture into the stirring mill again, adding water, the amount of which is 0.5 to 1% of that of the mixture, and evenly mixing the water and the mixture; putting the obtained mixture into a brickmaking machine, adjusting the water content to be 10 to 12% so as to prepare adobes; putting the adobes into a dry kiln for drying and then into a roasting kiln for roasting, wherein the time for roasting is 48 to 55 hours and temperature in the process of roasting evenly increases from 100 DEG C to 1000 DEG C first and evenly decreases from 1000 DEG C to 100 DEG C next, and taking out the roasted adobes for cooling so as to obtain gangue perforated bricks. The gangue perforated brick prepared by the method has a hole density rate over 26%, produces holes of a circular shape, and has high strength and good weather resistance.


A hammer housing (12), to provide a hammer assembly (10) including a work tool (16) which is movable supported in the hammer housing. Gas chamber (38) is partitioned by hammer housing (12) comprises a compressible gas. Accumulator assembly (40) includes an internal space (44). Barrier (46) divides the internal space, the first interior containing a compressible gas (48) and the second inner receiving a pressurized fluid (50). The barrier (46) moves in response to changes in the amount of pressurized fluid in the second inner (50), the volume of the first internal (48) is changed by operation of the barrier. Further, the first internal (48) communicates with the gas chamber (38). Control valve assembly (54) is selectively positions the second inner (50) of the accumulator assembly (40), communicates with the pressurized fluid source. .The


A smooth colony strain, resistant to phages lambda and P22, was isolated from sewage and identified as Escherichia coli (strain H). Four temperate phages plaquing on strain H were isolated from sewage. The archetype, HK620, does not plaque on strains C and K12 of E. coli nor on the LT2 strain of Salmonella enterica. Bacterial mutants resistant to a clear plaque mutant of HK620 produce rough colonies. Some are also galactose-negative, a few are histidine auxotrophs, and most show sensitivity to lambda. HK620 can transduce a wide variety of auxotrophic mutants of E. coli H to prototrophy. It can recombine with lambda but its virions resemble those of P22.


Earlier research has presented a pattern of decreasing financial relative risk aversion to all types of households, yet greater financial relative risk aversion by women versus men. This current paper brings into light new important evidence about the relative risk aversion of female investors over time working with data from the U.S. Federal Reserve Boardi¦s Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) for 1989 and 2013 with the latter year reflecting the after-effect of the 2007-2008 financial crisis period. Employing Repeated-Imputation Inference (RII) techniques, we replicate existing results from the 1989 SCF and seek new results from the 2013 SCF. The 1989 results are in large corroborated, while the new results from 2013 indicate a reverse path of increasing (for single-headed households) and constant (for married couples) relative risk aversion, where gender differences persist. Based on our 2013 results, we offer policy and practice improvements.