Performing a survey on the employers of S company that have built an EIP and used it effectively, we examined the priority of success factors that are considered as important ones by managers, general users, and system administrators. Then, we examined whether the priorities are different among the users of EIP according to the job, position, and period of use. Further, we looked into how the past and present EIP system of S company implemented the factors that took the first and the second places in priority for each of the four categories; the category of factors considered at the in of determining whether to build the system, the category of system functions provided in general, the category of functions provided with high priority when the system is used after the building, md the category of factors that make effective use of the system once it is built.


The problem of scheduling simply periodic task systems upon a uniform multiprocessor is considered. Each processor in a uniform multiprocessor is characterized by the speed or computing capacity, with the interpretation that a job executing on a processor with speed s for t time units completes (s x t) units of execution. In the partitioned approach to scheduling periodic tasks upon multiprocessors, each task is assigned to a specific processor and all jobs generated by a task are required to execute upon the same processor to which the task is assigned. However, the partitioning of periodic task systems requires solving the bin-packing problem, which is known to be intractable (NP-hard in the strong sense). This paper presents a global scheduling algorithm which transforms a given simply periodic task system into another using a "task-splitting" technique. Each transformed simply periodic task system is guaranteed to be successfully scheduled upon any uniform multiprocessor using a partitioned scheduling algorithm. The rate-monotonic (RM) algorithm is chosen for scheduling tasks on each processor. It is proven that the proposed algorithm achieves the theoretical maximum utilization bound upon any uniform multiprocessor platform. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is optimal in the sense of maximizing achievable utilization for simply periodic task system on uniform multiprocessors.


ObjectiveTo analyze whether MDHAQ (Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire) scores for physical function (FN), pain, Patient Global Estimate (PATGL), and RAPID3 (Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data, a composite of these 3 measures) document improvement in patients with osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, spondyloarthropathy, and gout, similarly to rheumatoid arthritis. MethodsIn a solo rheumatology practice, every patient completes an MDHAQ/RAPID3 and is assigned a Physician Global Estimate (DOCGL) at every visit. Mean and median FN (0–10 scale), pain (0–10), PATGL (0–10), RAPID3 (0–30), and DOCGL (0–10) were computed at first visit and 2 months later in 141 new patients with 5 diagnoses. Proportions with RAPID3 high (>12), moderate (6.1–12), and low (3.1–6) severity and remission (⩽3) were computed. Differences between baseline and 2-month follow-up for each diagnosis were analyzed using paired t tests. Mean changes over 2 months across 5 diagnoses were compared using analysis of variance. ResultsMean baseline scores for all measures were in narrow ranges for all 5 diagnoses: FN 1.5 to 2.5, pain 4.2 to 5.9, PATGL 4.3 to 5.6, RAPID3 10.1 to 13.7, and DOCGL 2.4 to 4.0. Improvement for FN was 9.4% to 26.8% in all diagnoses but osteoarthritis, for pain 20.2% to 35.3% in all diagnoses, PATGL 11.3% to 30.4%, RAPID3 16.8% to 27.5%, and for DOCGL 23.8% to 36.4%, similar in 5 diagnostic groups. ConclusionsMDHAQ, RAPID3, and DOCGL document similar baseline and improvement scores in patients with 5 diagnoses. These quantitative data may supplement traditional narrative, "gestalt" descriptions in usual care of patients with any rheumatic disease.


Transport of two‐dimensional electrons in a novel double‐quantum‐well (DQW) field‐effect transistor was systematically studied with emphasis on the effect of resonant interaction. By introducing ionized impurities appropriately into one of the QWs, wave‐function‐dependent scattering process was sensitively controlled by the gate voltage Vg. A prominent valley structure was observed in the channel conductance −Vg characteristics at resonance with the peak‐to‐valley ratio of 3 at 4.2 K. This nonlinear characteristic is caused by the deformation of electron wave functions in the DQW and is found to be well explained by the theoretical calculation. The DQW structure can be utilized for both negative transconductance and velocity modulation devices.


Abstract The finding of synchronous abdominal aortic aneurysm and colorectal cancer is rare. There is no consensus on which is the best surgical approach, so its management remains uncertain. A 64-year-old man was diagnosed with synchronous abdominal aortic aneurysm and rectal cancer. One-stage treatment was performed: He underwent endovascular aortic repair followed by simultaneous laparoscopic tumor resection. In our experience, one-stage minimally invasive surgery could be a safe and feasible treatment for concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm and colorectal cancer.


The aim of this paper is to study modern tendencies in the development of innovative banking services for remote customer service in Bashkortostan. The paper deals with the systemic approach to the analysis of foreign authors from various perspectives related to the world experience of introducing the Internet banking in the banking sector. The authors illustrate domestic expertise of development and introduction of banking services for remote customer service in Bashkortostan. It is noteworthy that various banks apply different approaches to the introduction of the Internet banking service in the customer base. The method of statistical analysis was implemented during the study, thus revealing the proportion of the Internet banking users in the total number of users with various incomes per capita in a family. It is specified that the vast majority of people applying the Internet banking are people with the average level of income, high income and low income. It is shown that there is a direct dependence between the experience of the Internet banking user and frequency of using this service. The majority of operations account for regular payments such as mobile communications, the Internet, transfers between accounts within the bank and payment of utilities. However, in spite of this fact, there are still restrictions and drawbacks while exploiting the systems that should be improved.


Harvesting energy from ambient sources is an attractive way to enable net-zero-power operation in small wearables, environmental monitors, and IoT devices. However, the power available from most harvesting sources is low, and is thus often mismatched to the instantaneous demands of wirelessly connected devices, which require up to 10s of mW during radio transmission, and down to mW during sleep. Previous works have suggested utilizing multiple energy harvesting sources to increase extractable power, incorporating a battery as an energy buffer, and processing energy with a single inductor to minimize device volume [1,2]. However, such prior art does not support the generation of multiple independently regulated power domains needed for modern SoCs. While single-inductor multi-output (SIMO) converters have demonstrated multi-domain regulation [3,4], they have not been combined with multi-input harvesting, in part since simultaneous regulation of multiple input sources (for MPPT purposes) and loads with a single inductor is not possible with conventional control techniques.


Scintillatorand fibre-based particle detectors are an indispensable tool in high-energy particle physics, medical physics and other fields of application. The potentially very low light yield, down to a few photons, of the optical detector components in combination with the inevitable light transport to photodetectors necessitate an optimal design and detailed understanding of such detectors. Thus, very detailed simulations are needed, which require a very accurate modelling of the optical physics (optics, scintillation, wavelength-shifting effects,...), of the optical material properties, and of the optical components. To allow for a reliable usage also by less experienced users, the necessary complexity and flexibility of a suitable simulation framework must not lead to an increasing danger of user mistakes. Additionally, the required effort for creating or modifying a detailed simulation has to be minimised in order to allow for the fast creation of flexible simulation setups. In the scope of this thesis, these challenges have been addressed by developing the general simulation framework GODDeSS. It is an extension of the particle-physics simulation tool Geant4 and allows for the easy simulation of optical detector components, especially combinations of scintillators, optical fibres, and photodetectors. To achieve this, the creation of simulated setups is automated as much as possible: The material properties of the optical detector components are specified via easy-to-read text files and new object classes allow for an easy creation of scintillator tiles, optical fibres, reflective wrappings and paints, and photodetectors with basically a single line of code per created object. This results in an increase of flexibility and at the same time in a reduction of complexity. The user can create extensive setups within a few lines of code and typical mistakes are avoided, as the peculiarities of Geant4 regarding the configuration of the optical physics processes are treated automatically by the GODDeSS framework. All this makes GODDeSS an excellent approach to simplify the detailed simulations of optical detector components, which are necessary for designing modern particle detectors and for understanding their response. This thesis introduces the GODDeSS framework, its classes, and its functionality. Furthermore, the extensive efforts to validate it against manufacturer data as well as against test measurements with prototype setups will be presented. Additionally, detailed simulations have been performed in order to investigate the optical properties of optical fibres and of the characteristics of the response of detector modules.


The topic of microgrids (MGs) is a fast-growing and very promising field of research in terms of energy production quality, pollution reduction and sustainable development. Moreover, MGs are, above all, designed to considerably improve the autonomy, sustainability, and reliability of future electrical distribution grid. At the same time, aspects of MGs energy management, taking into consideration distribution generation systems, energy storage devices, electric vehicles, and consumption components have been widely investigated. Besides, grid architectures including DC, AC, or hybrid power generation systems, energy dispatching problems modelling, operating modes (islanded or grid connected), MGs sizing, simulations and problems solving optimization approaches, and other aspects, have been raised as topics of great interest for both electrical and computer sciences research communities. Furthermore, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and government policies and incentives have paved the way to massive electric vehicle (EV) deployment. Hence, several research studies have been conducted to investigate the integration of EVs in national power grid and future MGs. Specifically, EV charging stations' bi-directional power flow control and energy management have been considerably explored. These issues index challenging research topics, which are in most cases still under progress. This paper gives an overview of MGs technology advancement in recent decades, taking into consideration distributed energy generation (DER), energy storage systems (ESS), EVs, and loads. It reviews the main MGs architecture, operating modes, sizing and energy management systems (EMS) and EVs integration.


Technologies continue to evolve and develop as practically all activities and services such as commerce, business, and online education can be terminated. Tragically, the commemorative service track and the handling service still run a similar cycle as more seasoned individuals have done previously. Here, the recommended app will help customers deal with the memory service faster and easier. The term "Islam" means identification with God and man, and complete surrender to God in contemplations, sayings, beliefs, and activities. Longitude in Islamic culture is sufficient and seen as a typical piece of life. Muslims consider that change begins with one country and then another, not an end. A Muslim's corpse is referred to in Arabic as a "burial service." I-JenzCare is a stage where service providers and customers can coordinate their needs in serving the remembrance service plan. I-JenzCare is a unique idea on the basis that no similar application or framework has been established regarding dealing with Islamic burial services in Malaysia yet. This research introduces new characteristics of the traditional Islamic burial service services practiced in the Malay community. I-JenzCare uses an innovative Analytic Hierarchy (AHP) that requires only a mid-end cell phone to keep everything according to the best customer experience principles. To illustrate this, the framework is a useful application for individuals who need immediate assistance in dealing with burial services in Malaysia.


BVR photoelectric photometry and positions are reported for 437 stars in 49 Palomar Sky Survey fields. A relation is derived between the Johnson BVR photometry and the E and O photographic magnitudes on the Palomar plates. The BVR photometry, the E and O magnitudes, the 1950 positions and finding charts for all the sequence stars are presented. Magnitude-diameter relations are derived for the blue and red plates for 28 of these fields. The magnitude-diameter relations have essentially the same shape with small shifts in zero point from plate to plate. This preliminary results suggests that a common function will describe the magnitude-diameter relation for the entire Palomar Sky Survey when corrected for variations in zero point.


Nitrogen-containing thermoelectric material having an element composition (A) or (B) is represented by the following formulas: Al Al wherein M represents a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Fe, Co and Mn, R represents a rare earth metal, D is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ge, Si, Mg, and Zn represents, 0 ≤ z ≤ 0.7 , 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.7, 0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.8, 0 ≤ u ≤ 0.7, 0 ≤ v ≤ 0.05, 0.9 ≤ s + t ≤ 1.7, 0.4 ≤ s ≤ 1.2, 0 ≤ w ≤ 0.2 and 0.9 ≤ m ≤ 1.1, and (x + y + z) = 1, and the nitrogen-containing thermoelectric material of Formula (A) an absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient of 40 microvolts / K or more at 100 ° C has to 700 ° C, and the nitrogen-containing thermoelectric material of Formula (B) an absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient of 50 microvolts / or K ...


I would like to remind veterinary surgeons that carcases from livestock that have been slaughtered outside of an approved slaughterhouse will only be accepted into an approved slaughterhouse for dressing if they meet the criteria for emergency slaughter and are accompanied by correct certification.

The Scottish Livestock Welfare Group (SLWG) is aware of recent incidents …


The development of industry clusters of tourist commodities in Zhangjiajie still face some problems in spite of an elementary dimension.A series of measures concerning market,local advantage,and government support should be taken to foster its development.


The performance of palm-based emulsions in water (EW)-insecticide formulations was evaluated in the field against insect pests on chilli and brinjal crops. The insecticides used were deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin. Phytotoxicity symptoms were also evaluated on the treated crops. The untreated plots gave the highest number of damaged fruits in chilli and brinjal when compared to the treated plots. In addition, no phytotoxicity symptom was observed in both the brinjal and chilli crops, meaning that they showed good tolerance to all the treatments. Statistical analyses (using Duncan's multiple range test at the probability, P, of less than 0.05) of the differences between treatments indicated that the palm EW-pyrethroid insecticide formulations were equally effective or significantly better than the commercial emulsifiable concentrates (EC) formulations at the recommended (10 ml/10 litres) and lower (7.5 ml/10 litres) doses in controlling the pests on chilli and brinjal crops. The residues of the EW-pyrethroid insecticides on the crops were also determined.


Natural biostimulants obtained by plants are intensively used nowadays to improve crop yield and quality. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of leaf extract of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) (MLE) in modifying baby leaf characteristics of two genotypes of Brassica. The trial was started in October 2020 in a greenhouse; a cultivar of kale 'Cavolo Laciniato Nero di Toscana' (CL) and a Sicilian landrace of sprouting broccoli 'Broccoli Nero' (BN) were used. The plants, after 15, 30 and 40 days from sowing, were treated with MLE, while the control plants (C) with distilled water. Treatment with MLE modified morphological and nutritional value, but with different behavior in the two genotypes. In fact, in BN the treatment reduced the antioxidant activity (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)) by 54%, while in CL the treatment increased this parameter by 40%. For the phenolic concentration and the sugar content the values recorded were significantly increased by MLE compared to control plants in CL, where in BN a significant reduction was registered. The CL plants treated with MLE showed a significant reduction (−70%) in nitrate content compared to the control plants; a negative effect was, instead, observed in BN, where the plants treated with moringa showed an increase of 60%. Results of this study showed how the foliar application of MLE was effective in improving various nutraceutical parameters, in particular in kale, because it appears to be a species-specific response.


Most traditional recommender systems regard unseen user-item associations as negative user preferences and optimize recommendation models mainly based on observed associations and some negative instances sampled from unseen associations. However, such unseen user-item associations may contain potential positive user preferences on items and are not uniformly distributed in terms of the possibility of being negative (or positive) user preference; therefore, it is essential to quantify such associations for model training. Along this line, in this paper, in contrast to existing recommendation models, which equally treat all unseen associations as negative samples, we present a negative-aware recommendation approach that explicitly models the likelihood of each unseen association being a potentially positive preference. Empirical results on real-world datasets in different fields show that our approach consistently improves recommendation performance.


The synthetic conditions of Pyridine-N-Oxide were improved by replacing original oxidant hydrogen heroxide with sodium perborate,the reaction time was shortened conscequently.


N-(Sulfinylimine)chlorocarbonylsulfane, ClC(O)SNSO, was prepared by the reaction of ClC(O)SCl with Hg(NSO)2. The crystal structure of ClC(O)SNSO was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis from crystals obtained at low temperature using a miniature zone melting procedure. The molecule exhibits only one form with Cs symmetry: the CO double bond syn with respect to the S–N single bond, the C–S single bond anti to the NS double bond and the S–N single bond syn with respect to the SO double bond. The following skeletal parameters were determined (distances in A, angles in degrees, errors between parentheses expressed as sigma): Cl–C=1.771(2), CO=1.184(3), C–S=1.750(2), S–N=1.666(2), NS=1.534(2), SO=1.455(2), ClCO=122.9(2), ClCS=107.1(1), OCS=130.0(2), CSN=97.4(1), SNS=122.3(1). NSO=118.0(1), OCSN=-1.9, ClCSN=178.0, CSNS=-178.0, SNSO=-1.2. These experimental parameters compare satisfactorily with those obtained by abinitio and DFT calculations. The best agreement was found with the B3PW91/6–31+G* calculation. These quantum chemical methods were also employed to predict the vibrational spectra providing a good agreement with the experimental Raman spectra measured from the liquid sample. It is shown that the analysis of the vibrational spectra provides a sound basis for the determination of the conformation and configuration of R–NSO compounds. Raman excitation profiles were determined in the range from 514 to 413 nm. Most of the modes are predominantly enhanced via the π→π* transition at 296 nm but additional intensity is derived from low-electronic transitions at ca. 450 and 430 nm which are too weak to be detectable in the UV/VIS absorption spectra.


Background Recovery concepts were conceived by, and for, people living with mental health issues. Practitioners are key in translating recovery principles into action. Therefore, practitioners' perceptions should be routinely assessed to facilitate in-service training, professional development, and curriculum redesign. Aim To explore practitioners' and trainees' current perspectives regarding the concept of recovery. Methods The study used a qualitative exploratory design with in-depth interviews to explore ten fully trained practitioners and eight trainees' perspectives on recovery. Results The findings revealed a shared understanding of recovery among practitioners and trainees. Many responses explained recovery as a process involving internal and external conditions, however, some revealed medically oriented perspectives and/or were unclear about recovery terminologies. Conclusions There is convergence and growing acceptance of the recovery practice principles among practitioners and trainees. However, the results suggest that the recovery principles/terminologies have not yet been universally adopted. Implications for practice and research Continuous training on recovery principles is needed, incorporating emerging terminologies and principles. Also, education providers are encouraged to continue to review their training to incorporate emerging issues and trends in recovery-oriented practice. Finally, research is needed to enhance the development and delivery of recovery-focused practice.


Based on the time series data from 1985 to 2009 in China,we introduced energy factor into the D-S production function and used an enlarged endogenous growth model to test the different effects of patenting activity on the output elasticity of factors.The results of test show that patenting activity,invention patent in particular,plays a significant role in promoting the output elasticity of labor but devotes little to the output elasticity of energy.The effect of patent activity on energy output elasticity is mainly reflected in the utility patents while invention patents and design patents do not play a significant role in promoting the output elasticity of energy.


Objective To investigate the correlative factors and control method of complications after extensive resection of the uterus.Methods A retrospective analysis of complications following extensive resection of the uterus was performed in 96 patients with cervical cancer.Results The incidence of postoperative urinary retention,urinary tract infection,pelvic lymph cysts,deep vein thrombosis,fat liquefaction or infection,and organ damage was 18.75%,15.63%,10.42%,1.04%,3.12%,and 3.12%,respectively.Conclusion Extensive resection of the uterus can easily lead to damage to surrounding tissues and organs.The strengthening of prevention and control of postoperative complications is guaranteed to allow patients to recover as quickly as possible and to carry out the following treatment punctually.


The aim of the study is to improve the results of treatment of cicatricial stenosis of the trachea. The stages of performing a circular resection of the trachea, which increases the effectiveness of restoring the lumen of the trachea in case of its cicatricial obstruction, are described. This technique was tested on 15 patients. All this made it easier to complete the task at the optimal time of treatment. Material and methods. In the Otolaryngology Department of the National Hospital under the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, under our supervision, there were 15 patients with a cicatricial process or tracheomalacia with a length of more than 5 semicircles. In 6 patients, the length of destruction of its lumen acceptable for reconstruction of the trachea was lengthened by a cannula tracheostomy located at the lower edge, and in 9 patients, cicatricial deformity of the lumen of the trachea or tracheomalacia was localized in the cervical region and in other above-mentioned anatomical structures of the respiratory tract. In all these observations, an original approach to the task was needed, which would solve the problem of eliminating the obstruction of the lumen of the trachea either at the first surgical intervention, or, by performing a successful complete or partial reconstruction of the cervical trachea, would facilitate the restoration of its lumen in the thoracic region or in the larynx. Conclusion. It follows from the materials presented that the method of performing the described variant of reconstructive surgery, which differs not only in the lower, but also in the upper mobilization of the respiratory tract, as well as an economical attitude even to the part of the trachea injured by the cannula tracheostomy, while maintaining the elasticity and rigidity of its remaining walls, deserves attention and, of course, can be recommended for implementation in practice.


In this video from the 2014 ASH Annual Meeting, Dr. Rollig discusses the results of the SORAML trial that tested sorafenib in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.


The article is devoted to the software product MediaWiki, proposed by the authors of the article for use as a platform for creating the software and technological core of the "digital faculty", which, in turn, is a typical element for building prototypes of the "digital faculty" and "digital university" models. The model considered in the article is proposed by the authors as a comprehensive solution to the problem of digital transformation in the field of education. According to the authors of the article, the MediaWiki software complex, supplemented by domestic software and open source products, will effectively solve the problem of managing information flows in the educational process. The article describes the experience of creating standard wiki systems for faculties and scientific schools of Moscow State University and their use as central elements of the digital transformation of university faculties. The article discusses the creation of a network tool that ensures the management of digital information flows that are formed between teachers and students in the learning process, as well as the development of a system of rules for the interaction of participants in the educational process in the educational process. A digital environment that creates conditions for the successful development of the system. Currently, three systems are being tested, created by specialists from the Faculty of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics of Moscow State University in the framework of inter-faculty agreements with the Faculty of Law and the branch of Moscow State University in Sevastopol. The system is built taking into account the experience gained by the authors during the inter-faculty course "Introduction to Wikipedia".


OH/IR stars are AGB stars with an optically thick circumstellar envelope of dust and gas com-monly exhibiting ground-state OH maser emission at 1612 MHz. With a typical circumstellar-shell extent of 10000 AU (corresponding to 1.25 arcsec at 8 kpc and 0.2 arcsec at 50 kpc) these objects can be used to determine distances throughout the Milky Way and potentially beyond as far as the LMC and SMC via the so-called "phase-lag method". This method combines the linear diameter of the circumstellar shell, obtained from a phase-lag measurement from the variability curves of the maser peaks originating from the back and front sides of the shell, with the shell angular diameter obtained from interferometry. We present here the preliminary results towards the phase-lag distance determination of OH 83.4-0.9 from eMERLIN (Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network) observations and a NRT (Nancay Radio Telescope) monitoring program. The phase-lag of the red-peak light curve with respect to the blue-peak light curve of this object is 30 ± 5 days, which equates to a linear diameter of ∼ 5200 ± 860 AU. The angular diameter of its OH shell is 1.6 ± 0 . 2 arcsec, leading to a distance of 3.3 ± 0 . 6 kpc.


Objective To know the efficacy of a povidone iodine disinfection solution in killing different microorganisms.Method Suspension quantitative germicidal test was used to carry out laboratory observation. Results The killing logarithm values of Staphylococcus aureus exposed to the disinfection solution containing available iodine 100 mg/L for 5 min and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exposed for 7 min were 7.00.The killing logarithm value of Candida albicans exposed to the disinfection solution containing available iodine 50 mg/L for 1 min was 6.00,that of poliovirus exposed to the disinfection solution containing available iodine 500 mg/L for 60 min was 4.00 and that of E.coliphage F2 exposed to the disinfection solution containing available iodine 4640 mg/L for 4 h was 3.11. Conclusion The iodophor disinfection solution has good efficacy in killing vegetative forms of bacteria and fungi,but its efficacy in inactivating poliovirus and F2 coliphage is significantly not as good as in killing bacteria.


on the quality and characteristics of medical care during a transformative period. Although the authors frequently confirm the findings of others, they remain especially attuned to individual, local situations and cautious about advancing general theories. The focus on a set of hospitals established in and for a territory rather than a city is refreshing. It reminds us that our pictures of medical care are perhaps too one-sidedly based on urban examples. Admittedly, some Festschrift flaws persist. There is a good deal of unnecessary repetition, and too many articles rely heavily on long quotes and the reprinting of undigested sources. The double-columned printing, when combined with the slick reflective paper, makes for some difficult visual moments, especially for older eyes. Still, An der Wende zur Moderne pours forth a cornucopia of valuable information gleaned from skillful and often imaginative archival research.


The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of goal-related statistics on match outcome during the Intercontinental Beach Soccer Cup Dubai 2019. The offensive sequences that resulted in goal was analyzed in all 20 matches during the competition (n=138 goals). A set of 35 goal-related statistics were grouped in nine macro-categories: Match-period, Court-zone, Set-play, Open-play, Touches by players before goal, Offensive method, Goalkeeper-line, Number of passes before goal, Ball trajectory. Match outcome in regular time was considered the matches resulting in a loss (n=16), draw (n=8) or win (n=16). The most goals were scored in Open-play (69%), during the 2nd and 3rd periods (36% for each), near to goal (Zone 4; 50%), preceded by 1-touch (67%) and 0-pass (29%), using positional attack (46%), without goalkeeper-line (68%), and with high-ball trajectory (51%). The results of the discriminant function analysis shows the following order of importance to discriminate match outcome, with advantage for winning teams: 4v4 goal-successful (F-Ratio = 12.022), Zone 4, 1-touch, 3rd period, High-ball, Counterattack, Zone 2, Sand-touch (F-Ratio = 4.838). Winning teams scored their goals mainly in open-play situations and without goalkeeper-line, using counterattack to achieve zones near the opponent's goals, implementing a direct offensive style. Also, goals scored were usually preceded by 1-touch, both through high-ball and sand-touch ball trajectory.


That the criminal justice system is discriminatory, is a fact that is probably disputed by very few in recent years (Knight, Dominey & Hudson, 2008). Statistics for the number of black and minority ethnic individuals who are either locked up or on supervision have been available since 1984 and section 95 of the Criminal Justice Act 1991 enshrined in legislation the duty on the Secretary of State to publish data annually to enable the judiciary to know the consequences of their sentencing decisions. To paraphrase the language from a Probation Trust, still cited in a link in a new Community Rehabilitation Company website: public sector duties have been outlined in the Equality Act 2010 to give due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, harassment and victimization. Organisations must advance equality of opportunity and foster good relations between those who share a protected characteristic. This is a noble sentiment and we argue that the new forms of language need to incorporate the original concepts of discrimination, difference and equality.The language used by probation staff can influence how offenders are perceived by the judiciary, with Whitehouse, back in 1982 warning that stereotyping of Rastafarian offenders resulted in court reports being damaging to the client in terms of prejudicial language. Gatekeeping of reports was a process that enabled staff to share and question suppositions made in the workplace. Denney (1992) in his research on court reports found that white probation officers tended to conceptualise black offenders more in a 'correctional' manner than an 'appreciative' one. The need to constantly revisit practice in terms of understanding and challenging unwitting prejudice was evident from the HM Inspectorate of Probation Report (2000) Towards Race Equality, written after the Macpherson Report had been published, and which found that a much lower percentage of reports on African/African Caribbean offenders were considered satisfactory compared to white offenders (49%-63%). Just as worrying was that equal opportunities had been translated into 'treating everyone alike' (p.22). The practice that emerged during this time to address the growing evidence of differential treatment, was referred to as 'antidiscriminatory practice' (ADP) and became embedded in training programmes and practice assessment at that time. Whilst this term has largely disappeared from the lexicon of probation, we choose to use it here because it accurately describes the work that was needed, and is still needed, to address injustices perpetuated with certain groups of offenders within the system. The current terminology of 'diversity' and 'equality' in our opinion, does not adequately address the power differentials between different 'diverse' groups of people in society.Probation staff had earlier learnt that adopting a 'colour blind' approach did not help and clearly over the years this message needed to be relearnt and reinforced. Practice improved through a combination of gatekeeping of reports (understanding that only information that was relevant to offenders should be included) and considering the particular needs of certain groups of offenders. For example, in terms of gender, the Corston Report (2007) very eloquently made the point that equal outcomes for men and women required different approaches. This prompted responses from government and an acknowledgement that the system at the time was not favourable to women.Now that there is a major shift in the structural arrangements for work with offenders there is a danger that what has been learnt could be forgotten again to the detriment of service users and front line staff. Of course anti-discriminatory practice also applies to the recruitment, support, career structures and opportunities for staff. There must not be a glass ceiling for some, whether this is in terms of race, gender, religion, sexuality, disability and the many other factors that can be used to disadvantage individuals and groups. …


Face-hobbing is a continuous generating process employed in manufacturing spiral bevel and hypoid gears. Due to machining dynamics and tolerances of machine tools, the exact tooth surface geometry may not be obtained from the machining process using theoretical machine tool settings. Repeatable tooth surface geometric errors may be observed. The tooth surface errors will cause unfavorable displacement of tooth contact and increased transmission errors, resulting in noisy operation and premature failure due to edge contact and highly concentrated stresses. In order to eliminate the tooth surface errors and ensure precision products, a corrective machine setting technique is employed to modify the theoretical machine tool settings, compensating for the surface errors. This paper describes a method of correcting tooth surface errors for spiral bevel and hypoid gears generated by the face-hobbing process using computer numerically controlled hypoid gear generators. Polynomial representation of the universal motions of machine tool settings is considered. The corrective universal motion coefficients are determined through an optimization process with the target of minimization of the tooth surface errors. The sensitivity of the changes of the tooth surface geometry to the changes of universal motion coefficients is investigated. A numerical example of a face-hobbed hypoid pinion is presented.


Hanyu's describes Zhangxun and Xuyuan who lost their lives while defending Uiyancheng during the An-Shi Rebellion. Zhangxun and Xuyuan fought furiously against the enemies' siege. They stood up to death despite insufficient food and had to eat human flesh to survive and keep fighting. But they were eventually killed after the castle fell to the enemy. Although they achieved the feat, some people criticized them for their strategic failures and inhumane acts of eating human flesh. Lihan wrote to the king to plead their innocence but the criticism did not disappear. Under these circumstances, Hanyu wrote to argue for them. This research paper examines how Hanyu's has been passed down to 《Jiutangshu》and 《Xintangshu》. This study finds out that in 《Jiutangshu》the records of Zhangxun are very brief and neither explain the details of the situations in which they had to eat human flesh to survive nor provide adequate proof of Xuyuan's betrayal. Furthermore, there is no evidence that 《Jiutangshu》makes reference to . As a result, Zhangxun has been underestimated in 《Jiutangshu》. In contrast, 《Xintangshu》illustrates very different viewpoints from 《Jiutangshu》. It keeps the records of Zhangxun great in detail. It also provides further detailed explanations of the reasons why human flesh had to be eaten, their strategies were not failed, and there was no betrayal of Xuyuan. All these descriptions are in accordance with the arguments of . In addition, 《Xintangshu》has many similarities with . The book actually mentions the name of Hanyu to support his evaluation included in . Consequentially, it praises Zhangxun for his performance regarding him as a man of virtue comparable to Baiyi and Shuqi. These facts prove that 《Xintangshu》has not only fully accepted but also achieved the purpose of Hanyu's writing in admiration of Zhangxun.


Fusarium virguliforme causes the serious disease sudden death syndrome (SDS) in soybean. Host resistance to this pathogen is partial and is encoded by a large number of quantitative trait loci, each conditioning small effects. Breeding SDS resistance is therefore challenging and identification of single-gene encoded novel resistance mechanisms is becoming a priority to fight this devastating this fungal pathogen. In this transcriptomic study we identified a few putative soybean defense genes, expression of which is suppressed during F. virguliforme infection. The F. virguliforme infection-suppressed genes were broadly classified into four major classes. The steady state transcript levels of many of these genes were suppressed to undetectable levels immediately following F. virguliforme infection. One of these classes contains two novel genes encoding ankyrin repeat-containing proteins. Expression of one of these genes, GmARP1, during F. virguliforme infection enhances SDS resistance among the transgenic soybean plants. Our data suggest that GmARP1 is a novel defense gene and the pathogen presumably suppress its expression to establish compatible interaction.


e15530 Background: Bladder-preserving combined-modality therapy (BPCMT) has become an alternative to radical cystectomy (RC) in selected patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Because of the difficulty of randomized trial, an alternative evaluation may be needed to compare the patient outcome of BPCMT to RC. Methods: 103 MIBC patients ( ≥ cT2N0M0) were consecutively enrolled into our BPCMT trial (ID: UMIN000006363). After extensive trans-urethral resection (TUR), patients were treated either with GC RT regimen (21 pts.; 56Gy plus Gemcitabine 300mg/m2 and CDDP30mg/m2 x 5 cycles), or with CDDP RT regimen (82 pts.; 48.6Gy plus 70mg/m2 CDDP x 3 cycles), followed by additional TUR. Primary and secondary endpoints were recurrence-free and overall survival (OS) as well as adverse event (AE). Patient outcome was compared between PBCMT and RC groups in 120 MIBC patients (60-paird cases by propensity score-match from 103 BPCMT and 305 RC counterparts). Patients' health-related quality-of-life (QOL) wa...


Let D be a bounded convex domain in the complex plane, M0 = (Mn)n=1 be a convex sequence of positive numbers satisfying the "non-quasi-analyticity" condition: ∑ n Mn Mn+1 < ∞, Mk = (Mn+k)n=1, k = 0, 1, 2, 3, . . . be the sequences obtained from the initial ones by removing first k terms. For each sequence M0 = (Mn)n=1 we consider the Banach space H(M0, D) of functions analytic in a bounded convex domain D with the norm: ‖f‖ = sup n 1 M2 n sup z∈D |f (z)|. In the work we study locally convex subspaces in the space of analytic functions in D infinitely differentiable in D obtained as the inductive limit of the spaces H(Mk, D). We prove that for each convex domain there exists a system of exponentials eλnz, n ∈ N, such that each function in the inductive limit f ∈ lim indH(Mk, D) := H(M0, D) is represented as the series over this system of exponentials and the series converges in the topology of H(M0, D). The main tool for constructing the systems of exponentials is entire functions with a prescribed asymptotic behavior. The characteristic functions L with more sharp asymptotic estimates allow us to represent analytic functions by means of the series of the exponentials in the spaces with a finer topology. In the work we construct entire functions with gentle asymptotic estimates. In addition, we obtain lower bounds for the derivatives of these functions at zeroes.


ABSTRACT The cultivation of vegetables under tunnels is considered a promising alternative to the use of chemicals to manage insect pests. However, higher temperatures under covers hinder their use in warm regions. We investigated the effect of high tunnels covered with plastic film or small or large mesh insect-nets on the performances of tomato plants in Tanzania over two years. Control plants were grown in open field plots. The temperature during the day was 4°C and 15°C higher under the nets and under the plastic than in the open. The total number of insect pests per plant over the season was generally lower under the nets than in open, with the small mesh better than the large mesh. The nets promoted plant growth compared with the open plots, with higher leaf area, plant dry weight, and plant height. Marketable yields were lower in open (2.7 and 10.8 t.ha−1), intermediate under the large mesh (7.9 and 38.4 t.ha−1), and high under the small mesh (16.8 and 50.1 t.ha−1). Higher productivity under the nets was associated with better plant growth and fewer insects than in the open. Contrasting results could be obtained in warmer climates because of the increase in temperatures recorded under tunnels.


The bus interface frame is built in the FPGA,and the time-sequence harmonized circuit is designed according to different object which is accessed by the DSP,which ensure that the DSP could access outer bus interface with highest speed.Finally,simulations are done,which indicate that the time-sequence is satisfied with the DSP demand,and the time margin is enough to the requirement of application.


Introduction: Hypotension following spinal anaesthesia is the most common complication in patients undergoing lower segment caesarean section (LSCS). Numerous techniques have been used to prevent spinal hypotension including crystalloids, colloids and vasopressors. In this study we evaluated the effects of intra muscular phenylephrine and ephedrine in prevention of hypotension when given pre emptively 10 min prior to induction of spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing LSCS. Material And Methods: In this study 90 ASAI and II patients assigned to undergo LSCS were randomly allocated to three groups of 30 each. Group P received intra muscular injection of Phenylephrine 1 mg ,Group E received Inj. Ephedrine 30 mg IM and Group C received Inj. 0.9 % Normal saline 1 ml IM . Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, complications and requirement of rescue ephedrine was monitored for all patients. Results: Control of mean arterial pressure was better in Group P when compared to Group E. The rescue ephedrine requirement was found to be more in group E. On comparing the complications, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was comparable in both group P and E where as tachycardia was found more in group E and bradycardia was observed more in group P. Conclusion: Pre-emptive use of both intramuscular phenylephrine and ephedrine was found to be effective in prevention of spinal anesthesia induced hypotension in patients undergoing LSCS. However, phenylephrine appears to be a better vasopressor as compared to ephedrine.


Already in the 1930s, the argument of the "too full-too empty" served to justify sending Rwandans into Congolese lands. It resulted in the implanting of a minority of rwandophone origin in the lands of Kivus. It was also a pretext for carrying out raids on security grounds. The metastases of the Rwandan genocide were tragic. The human as well as the economic consequences were terrible for the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The control of mines and circuits of exit was for Rwanda a way of continuing the war under another form and of creating a basis of accumulation of capital for a landlocked country without natural resources. At the moment, Paul Kagame's Rwanda, thanks to its economic success, can free itself from its two mains foundations : aid from compassion and rent from mining exploitation.


Methods: Plantations severely burned in a recent wiidfire were planted with conifer seedlings as a four-species mixture or a mono culture, at two different densiTies, with and without manual vegetation removal. A subset of plots was also planted on a contrasting aspect within each plantation, The contrasting aspects differed in potential solar insolation and were indicative of moderate (eastern exposure) and harsh (western exposure) site conditions, Covers of shrub, herbacemls and bryoid vegetation layers were measured during refor estation activities 2-4 yr after the fire. Dynamics of structural layer cover and community composition were compared among treatments with analysis of nriance and multivariate analyses (non-metric multidimensional scaling and blocked mUlti-response permutation procedure).


Active and passive multiplexing technologies and alternative architectural approaches to diverse routing for fiber-loop networks are described. It is shown on the basis of Markov models that the mean time to failure (MTTF) for a 1:1 protected system can be significantly improved by deploying fiber with alternate paths and duplicate central offices. Specific network examples are used to compare installed first costs of the active and passive multiplexing alternatives for various loop-diversity approaches. The results indicate the requirements for diverse routing can have a large impact on the choice of technologies and approaches for fiber loop networks. Specifically, a passive double-star architecture, using dense wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) techniques, represents a promising technological approach to diverse routing, for it has the lowest installed first cost for diversity in the loop of the several approaches studied, both in suburban and urban areas.<<ETX>>


A novel in-vivo pilot study was developed using the rabbit mandibular diastema to evaluate the effect of implant microand nano-surface topography on the rate of osseointegration. Six rabbits received one titanium mini-screw from both topographies in each diastema. Two rabbits were euthanized at 6, 22 and 85d post-implantation. Harvested mandibles were measured and processed for reverse torque, microCT, SEM and histological analyses. At 22 days, the nanosurface screws had higher mean torque values but both topographies reached nearly identical mean values after 85 days. Localized areas of crestal bone resorption were seen around all screw heads at 22 days. Sub-periosteal bone formation lateral to the screw heads led to complete coverage of the screws at 85 days. The epithelium of the overlying mucosa was parakeratinized stratified squamous. This intra-oral animal model is suitable to study osseointegration.


The in vitro effects of various steroids on germinal vesicle break-down (GVBD) in oocytes of rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris) were investigated. Only oocytes in which the germinal vesicle was peripheral were responsive to steroids in vitro. Of the stimulatory steroids, 17c!, 20(3-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one was the most effective, inducing GVBD at concentrations as low as 0.5-2.0 ng/ml. The next most potent steroid was 20#-dihydroprogesterone, effective to concentrations of 7.8-16 ng/ml. Progesterone, 17a, 20c!dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone were relatively less potent. The least effective steroids were 11-oxygenated corticosteroids and testosterone, inducing GVBD only at 1.0 or 2.0 ¡.tg/ml. Estradiol-17/3 was completely ineffective at the concentrations tested. The specificity for steroid-stimulated GVBD in rock bass appears to be very similar to that observed in yellow perch (Perca flavescensl, another perciform species. However, the stage during which rock bass oocytes are responsive to steroids appears to be different.


Scattering theory covers a large spectrum of scientific and technological applications such as non destructive control, radars, sonar, geophysical exploration, remote sensing, medical imaging, under-water acoustics, seismology, biological pattern recognition and special techniques in medical diagnostics. In most of the above cases the assumption that the material is isotropic is inadequate. Therefore, in order to conform to reality, we have to accept that the space is anisotropic, i.e. its properties depend on the direction. Although the anisotropic property was already known, since Green's era, only a few publications have appeared, due to the mathematical complexity related with the anisotropic property. It was during the last years that more references considered the anisotropic scattering, while most of them regarded only anisotropic scatterers.

The thesis examines the problem of scalar field anisotropic scattering for the general case, where not only the scatterer but also the propagation space are anisotropic and they do not have the same characteristics.

It comes out that the characteristics of an anisotropic medium are being fully carried by a modified gradient operator which appears in any case of anisotropy and allows the calculation of the fundamental solution for the modified Helmholtz' equation. Once the fundamental solution is known, the basic problem of anisotropic scattering is postulated as well as the transmission and the boundary conditions. Incident fields' forms and characteristics are being presented and the energy functional for this scattering problem is being produced. The integral representations for the scattered, total and internal field are also developed, while at the same time arises the modified radiation condition. Asymptotic analysis produces the anisotropic scattering amplitude and afterwards follows the definition of the energy functionals that correspond to our case. The reciprocity theorems, the general scattering, as well as the optical theorem for anisotropic medium are also proved. As an example, the theory developed in this thesis is applied to the low frequency problem for an anisotropic scatterrer. Finally, the results are verified by reducing the whole problem of anisotropic scattering to its equivalent of isotropic space.


The age of the earliest recovered fossil evidence of a hominin taxon is all too often equated with that taxon's origination. However, the earliest known fossil record nearly always postdates, sometimes by a substantial period of time, the true origination of a taxon. Here we evaluate the first appearance records of the earliest potential hominins (Sahelanthropus, Ardipithecus, Orrorin), as well as of the genera Australopithecus, Homo, and Paranthropus, to illustrate the considerable uncertainty regarding the actual timing of origin of these taxa. By placing confidence intervals on the first appearance records of early hominin taxa, we can better evaluate patterns of hominin diversity, turnover, and potential correlations with climatic and environmental changes.


Now the interesting thing is in twentyfive years I haven't been asked the right questions. The questions that I am asked invariably are these: How many hours a day do you write? And do you write regularly every day or do you write in a regular burst? These are very unsophisticated questions and they are asked by very sophisticated people who might have studied literature for as much as fifteen years .... Now the real question is this: Where do you get your energy from? What kind of energy is it? How do you husband it? How do you use it? ...1


The publication is the result of a study of books from the rare books collection of the Department of Early and Rare Books of V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. The catalogue represents for the first time the images and descriptions of bookplates of various types that indicate the ownership of private persons or different state and privat institutions for books that are now a part of the named collection. For the first time it is represented descriptions of book marks of bookshops, bookstores, bookbinding workshops and other similar institutions, whose owners dealt with the copies of the collection at different times. Chronologically the catalogue covers the book marks of the XVII–XX, mainly XIX – early XX centuries. These book marks are divided into six sections and are given in accordance with the names of private owners or institutions in alphabetical order. The description of a bookmark is provided with information about its owners and libraries, as well as information about the books on which it is marked. The catalogue is targeted at bibliographers, librarians, library scientists, bibliographers, art critics, booklovers, rare book collectors, book marks collectors.


The Ni diffusion behavior of electroless NiP/PdP/Au film was investigated using Auger electron spectroscopy in this study. The diffusion coefficient of Ni in PdP was estimated from concentration profile by Einstein-Smoluchowski equation and Boltzman-Matano method. The obtained value was 3.5 ~4.7⨯10–20 m2s-1at 553 K. Furthermore, the bondability of the NiP/PdP/Au film before and after heat treatment was also studies to clarify the bonding reliability of the film of various thickness. Thicker NiP/PdP/Au film condition achieved high bonding reliability at least under the condition of this study.


An optical refraction experimental instrument includes a shell, a fixed plate, a revolving tray, a fixed support, a dial, a normal line, a first laser source, a second laser source, a first slideway, a second slideway and an atomization device. The shell is made of transparent material; the fixed plate is arranged on the internal side of the shell; the revolving tray is arranged on the front terminal surface of the fixed plate; the tail terminal of the fixed support is fixed on the back of the fixed plate and the front end right ahead the revolving tray; the dial is arranged on the front end of the fixed support; the normal line is arranged right ahead the dial; the first laser source is fixed on the external circumference of the front terminal surface of the revolving tray; the first slideway is arranged on the upper end of the shell; the central part of the second slideway is provided with an opening hole penetrating the first slideway; the second laser source is fixed in the lower part of the front terminal surface of the second slideway; and the atomization device is arranged in the lower part of the back of the fixed plate. The experimental instrument not only facilitates teachers to demonstrate related phenomena of optical refraction, thus convenient and intuitive, but also can be used as a special instrument for students to make optical refraction experiment.


The author presents a bottom-up evaluator for attribute grammars. Attribute grammars are among the best formalisms to specify the translation and semantics of the programming languages. The evaluator presented accomplishes the attribute evaluation in only one bottom-up pass, using two FIFO queues. The first queue holds the leaf attributes with known values the attribute queue. The reverse dependency graph shows the dependency of the attributes on each other and the other in which they are evaluated. These attributes give their values to their predecessor attributes. A predecessor attribute needs these values in order to be evaluated. The second queue holds the predecessor attributes of the first queue and is called the predecessor queue.<<ETX>>


Direct numerical simulation (DNS) for a turbulent channel flow is performed by the Vortex in Cell (VIC) method. The Reynolds number based on the friction velocity and the channel half width is 180. The improvements for the VIC method proposed in the prior study are used. Staggaerd grid is employed to ensure the consistency between the discretized equations as well as to prevent the numerical oscillation of the solution. A method correcting the vorticity is used so that the resultant vorticity field satisfies the solenoidal condition. A single-stage calculation method for the convection of vortex element is also utilized to reduce the computational time. The simulated turbulence statistics such as the mean velocity, the turbulence intensity and the Reynolds shear stress are favorably compared with the existing DNS results. The streak structures and the streamwise vortices near the wall are also successfully captured. These computational results demonstrate that the improved VIC method is indeed applicable to the DNS of wall turbulence simulations.


Aims: This study investigates the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) in relation to country of origin of the mother. The role of psychosocial resources, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors was examined in different causal models. Methods: Among all pregnant nulliparous women in the city of Malmö, Sweden, who gave birth in 1991 - 92, 872 (87.7%) women completed a questionnaire during their first antenatal visit. The study was carried out among women whose pregnancies resulted in a singleton live birth (n=826); 22% (n=182) of these women were foreign-born. Results: Fifty-five (6.7%) of the infants were classified as SGA, 37 (5.7%) of mothers of Swedish origin and 18 (9.7%) of foreign origin. SGA deliveries were much more prevalent among Middle East- and North Africa-born women (22%) and sub-Saharan-born women (15%). In all, women of foreign origin had increased odds for delivering SGA babies (OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.0,3.2). In a multivariate analysis psychosocial and socioeconomic factors explained 30% and 40%, respectively, of the increased SGA risk. Psychosocial factors seemed to be more prominent risk factors for SGA among mothers of foreign origin. A possible synergistic relation was demonstrated between foreign origin of the mother and low social anchorage. Conclusions: This study showed that psychosocial factors, most probably linked to a disadvantaged social situation, could be the theoretically most important focus for preventing SGA in immigrant women. This could also further support a hypothesis of a link between psychosocial stress and SGA in general. However, this should not exclude the need for intervention in the antenatal care system in terms of specially tailored support and education.


This conference was dedicated to a review of the 30 years of achievements of the Marine Biological Station 'Prof. Dr Ioan Borcea' (MBS) Agigea. There were about 80 participants. Prof. Gheorghe Mustata from the University 'Alexandru Ioan Cuza' of Iassy, Faculty of Biology, Director of MBS, recalled the outstanding personality of the founder I. Borcea and the most relevant developmental stages of MBS to date. He unveiled a memorial plaque reading 'Statiunea Biologica Marina "Prof. dr. Ioan Borcea", 80 de ani de la infiintare, 20–21 octombrie 2006', and a bust of Prof. Constantin Motas (1891–1980). The honoured guests included Prof. Ionel D. Andriescu (Director MBS, 1966–1970), Prof. Adrian Bavaru (Rector, University 'Ovidius' Constanta (UOC) 1996– 2004), Dr Ioan Porumb and Mr Ion Ionita (Mayor of Agigea), and the present writer. Prof. G. Mustata welcomed the guests. His opening remarks were followed by contributions from Prof. I. Andriescu, Prof. A. Bavaru, Dr S. Negrea, Dr A.S. Bologa, Dr N.C. Papadopol, Dr O. Serbanescu and Dr C. Chimisliu (Craiova). The presentation of honorary diplomas to various employees and co-workers of MBS then took place. As to recent publications, Prof. G. Mustata presented the remarkable volume Prof. dr. Ioan Borcea, Opere, vol.1, Ihtiofauna Marii Negre (Ed Borcea, Bacau, 2006, 182 pp,, by G. Mustata) and the brochure 'Rezervatia de plante de dune marine de la Agigea' (St. Biol. Mar. 'Prof. Dr. Ioan Borcea', Agigea, 2006, 26 pp., by G. Mustata), and Dr A.S. Bologa presented the monograph Parcuri si rezervatii naturale din Romania (Ed. Victor B. Victor, Bucuresti, 2006, 151 pp. + 56 colour plates, by G. Mohan and A. Ardelean). A medallion of Lecturer Dr Maria S. Celan (1898–1989) was dedicated to her memory by Lecturer Dr Daciana Sava (UOC). Dr Maria S. Celan was a remarkable pioneer of Romanian marine algology who spent over 50 years at Agigea. The conference split into three sections: I. Aquatic biology; II. Terrestrial biology; and III. Ecology and anthropic impact. There were both spoken and poster presentations. Technical facilities were provided in each section. The entire event was certainly not only excellently organized but also enthusiastically inspired by Prof. G. Mustata's own dynamic personality and his constant efforts to continue with success that he justly considers to be the 'spirit of Agigea'.


Despite its undoubted role as a driver for economic development, tourism in the Mediterranean basin has often compromising effects on the landscape and on the environmental balance of the coastal regions. Also local communities suffer such a negative impact, as they are only marginally affected by the economic benefits deriving from tourism development. Even when they do not remain at the margins of this kind of development processes, historic centers undergo processes of musealization, mystification and disneyfication that are accompanied by the removal of the local population and/or gentrification. The essay moves from the experience gained by the Italian Geographical Society during the Euro-Mediterranean project "Future of Our Past", in order to propose a model of sustainable development for the historic centers of the Mediterranean area, focusing on the involvement and capability of the local community and enhancing the identity dimension as the distinctive moment of the tourist attractivity.


Treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) with membranes can cause membrane fouling due to the presence of suspended solids and organic matters. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of three types of membranes (NF270, XLE, and BW30) after the physical and chemical cleaning. Continuous chemical cleaning was conducted with NaOH and with HCl to clean the fouled membrane so as to elucidate the chemical cleaning protocols and cleaning efficiency. Flushing with ultra-pure (UP) water enabled the recovery of the fluxes of XLE and BW 30 membranes, as reflected by the mild decline (~1%) in the flux recovery for the XLE and BW 30 membranes. XLE and BW 30 membranes have exhibited consistent rejection capabilities throughout the 3-cycle filtration period. Conversely, NF 270 has failed to regain its rejection capability in the long run. Whereas, for chemical cleaning, the initial flux of NF 270 after cleaning with 0.1% NaOH rose dramatically compared to the initial flux in the first filtration cycle due to changes in the surface morphology. Conversely, NaOH cleaning had fully recovered the initial flux of the XLE and BW 30 membranes without compromise the rejection capabilities of both membranes. Based on the cleaning efficiency and permeate quality, it can be concluded that the BW 30 membrane with ultra-pure water (UP) and NaOH cleanings afforded the best and most consistent performance in the long run but HCl is not a preference for the cleaning of this membrane in the water reclamation due to the low flux recovery.


ABSTRACT The combustion flowfield at the near-injector region of a 50 N scale N 2 O/C 2 H 5 OH thruster was visualized using shadowgraph technique. The explosive ignition was occurred at the design spray condition, and the expanding combustion gas quenched the flame immediately. Approximately after 83 ms from the initial ignition, the propellant spray was re-ignit ed, and the flame was stabilized after 23 ms elapsed. In the increased oxidizer flow rate condition, the transient pressure at the moment of ignition was smoother than explosive ignition, and the blow dow n phenomenon was not appeared in the same operating sequence. In addition, the flame was stabili zed within 17 ms, and it is caused by improved propellants mixing before ignition.초 록 아산화질소/에탄올 추진제 조합을 사용하는 50 N급 추력기 분사기 인접부에서 shadowgraph 기법을 사용하여 연소 유동장을 가시화하였다. 설계 작동조건에서 폭발성 점화가 일어났으며, 급격히 팽창하는 연소가스에 의해 순간적으로 소염되는 현상이 관찰되었다. 최초 점화로부터 약 83 ms 뒤 추진제 분무는 재점화 되었으며, 그로부터 약 23 ms 후 화염이 안정화되는 것이 관찰되었다. 동일한 시퀀스에서 설계 조건보다 산화제 유량을 증가시킨 경우, 소염 현상 없이 완만한 연소 압력 과도 특성을 보였으며 최초 점화로부터 약 17 ms이내에 화염 안정화가 이루어졌다. 이는 점화 직전의 연소기 내부 미연 추진제 혼합 향상에 의한 것으로 생각되었다. Key Words:Combustion Flowfield(연소 유동장), Visualization(가시화), Nitrous Oxide(아산화질소), Ethanol(에탄올)


This paper presented a model for the calculation of temperature contracted stress for reinforced concrete continuous box beam bridges,expounding this calculation model carefully and giving engineers a reference for suitable workmanship and maintenance methods to control the occurrence of early concrete fissures.


Growers were chosen for the sugar beet survey at random, with all growers, regardless of acreage, eligible for selection. One grower for each 90 acres of beets was chosen by :\forthern Ohio Sugar Company and one for each 50 acres of beets by Buckeye Sugar Company, Ottawa. The 1968 survey consisted of 298 Northern Ohio Sugar Company Growers and 160 Buckeye Growers, and the 1969 survey consisted of 180 Buckeye Sugar Company Growers , making a total of 647 growers surveyed during the two-year period .


Tight sandstone gas reservoirs have become the focused field in the global unconventional natural gas exploration and tight sandstone gas output accounts for 75% of the unconventional gas output (Zou et al., 2013). In China, tight sandstone gas reserves and output account for a third of the whole country natural gas reserves and output (Zou et al., 2013). The Sulige gasfield is a typical gasfield with a large amount of tight sandstone gas reservoirs in China and the studies of its Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs have made a great deal of progresses in the identification and evaluation of source rocks and reservoir rocks, and the analysis of gas reservoirs characteristics, etc. (Liu and Hao, 1996; Fu, 2001; Ma, 2004; Zhang et al., 2009; Liu et al., 2013). However, the reservoir-forming mechanism in the Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs is not clear because pressure-driven volume flow, as the most important way of forming gas reservoirs, is difficult for gas migration in tight sandstones due to its high capillary force and low driving forces (Wang, 2002; You et al., 2007; Gong et al., 2008; Zhu et al., 2009; Liu et al., 2013). Based on the study of geological conditions and gas reservoir characteristics, we suggest that diffusion could be an important method of gas migration in tight sandstone reservoirs. Gas diffusion can occur spontaneously so long as there is concentration difference even in the tight sandstones because the diameter of gas molecule is much smaller than that of pore and throat in the tight sandstones. Furthermore, diffusion has still been taken as one of important mechanism of gas dissipation (Antonov, 1968; Stklyanin et al., 1968; Pandey et al., 1974; Thompson, 1979; Thomas, 1989; Krooss et al., 1992; Krooss and Leythaeuser, 1996; Fang et al., 2001; Shuai et al., 2004; Liu et al., 2008). Gas diffusion in reservoirs has been mainly studied in the measurement of diffusion coefficients, establishment of numerical diffusive models, calculation of diffusive amount, etc. (Antonov, 1954, 1964; Stklyanin and Litvinova, 1971; Leythaeuser et al., 1982; Krooss and Leythauser, 1988; Hao et al., 1993; Nelson and Simmons, 1995; Fang et al., 2001; Wang and Gao, 2005; Liu et al., 2012). However, there are still many aspects needed to be improved. At least we should know under what geological conditions gas diffusion can become an alternative mechanism of gas accumulation in tight sandstone reservoirs. This paper provides some favourable geological conditions for gas diffusion in tight sandstone reservoirs of Sulige gasfield, Ordos Basin.


Abstract Objective: (1) To use the available research to estimate the amount of weight gained by college freshman during their first year of college. (2) To identify potential predictors of freshman weight gain. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted in November 2008. The analysis focused on articles published in English scientific journals between 1985 and 2008 available on the MEDLINE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO databases and excluded studies of weight change over periods beyond freshman year. Results: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on a pooled sample of 3,401 cases, mean weight gain was 3.86 (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 3.81–3.91) lbs. Potential contributors to gain were recent dieting, high baseline weight, and psychological stress. Conclusions: The first year of college is a period of vulnerability for weight problems. Further research is needed to better understand freshman weight gain and devise appropriate prevention strategies based on predictors of gain.


Using its Conformal Field Theory description, the Luttinger liquid is coupled to the quantum electromagnetic field. We compute the decoherence properties of a superposition of two states obtained by creating the same elementary excitation at different places in the system.


This paper describes a system to use voice communications to ascertain roadway and train crew alertness. The system uses measurements of speech, such as how many words are spoken per minute (rate of speech) to evaluate alertness. It uses an algorithm in the evaluation process of estimating temporal word boundaries.


A heat danger day is defined as an extreme when the heat stress index (a combined temperature and humidity measure) exceeding 41 °C, warranting public heat alerts. This study assesses future heat risk (i.e. heat danger days times the population at risk) based on the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 projections. In recent decades (1995–2014) China's urban agglomerations (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Middle Yangtze River, Chongqing-Chengdu, and Pearl River Delta (PRD)) experienced no more than three heat danger days per year, but this number is projected to increase to 3–13 days during the population explosion period (2041–2060) under the high-emission shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5). This increase will result in approximately 260 million people in these agglomerations facing more than three heat danger days annually, accounting for 19% of the total population of China, and will double the current level of overall heat risk. During the period 2081–2100, there will be 8–67 heat danger days per year, 60%–90% of the urban agglomerations will exceed the current baseline number, and nearly 310 million people (39% of the total China population) will be exposed to the danger, with the overall heat risk exceeding 18 times the present level. The greatest risk is projected in the PRD region with 67 heat danger days to occur annually under SSP5-8.5. With 65 million people (68% of the total population) experiencing increased heat danger days, the overall heat risk in the region will swell by a factor of 50. Conversely, under the low-emission pathways (SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5), the annual heat danger days will remain similar to the present level or increase slightly. The result indicates the need to develop strategic plans to avoid the increased heat risk of urban agglomerations under high emission-population pathways.


There has been a great deal of work in ocean science over the last 10 years in using acoustic channel models in the signal processing. The goal has been to compensate for the "barbershop" effect in which a sonar system confuses the true source with its reflections in the acoustic mirrors formed by the ocean surface and bottom. Separately, in medicine, hyperthermia has emerged as an important area of research. For hyperthermia acoustic beams are trained on tumors with the goal of reversing their growth. Our interest is the question of what (if any) lessons from the sonar experience can be applied to hyperthermia.


The juridification of relations in the UK utilities sector, Colin Scott commercial regulation and judicial review - the fault lines, Martyn Hopper court procedures and remedies in the context of commercial regulation, Michael Swainston the need for wholesale reform on vires issues in public and private law, Christopher Clarke and Catharine Otton-Goulder reviewing regulatory rules - responding to hybridisation, Julia Black irrationality and commercial regulators, Paul Walker.


The Safety Analysis Report documents the safety authorization basis for the Receiving Basin for Offsite Fuels (RBOF) and the Resin Regeneration Facility (RRF) at the Savannah River Site (SRS). The present mission of the RBOF and RRF is to continue in providing a facility for the safe receipt, storage, handling, and shipping of spent nuclear fuel assemblies from power and research reactors in the United States, fuel from SRS and other Department of Energy (DOE) reactors, and foreign research reactors fuel, in support of the nonproliferation policy. The RBOF and RRF provide the capability to handle, separate, and transfer wastes generated from nuclear fuel element storage. The DOE and Westinghouse Savannah River Company, the prime operating contractor, are committed to managing these activities in such a manner that the health and safety of the offsite general public, the site worker, the facility worker, and the environment are protected.


AUTOMATION Problems in automating a production line, or designing a plant can be spotted in advance by using the techniques of computer modelling. Recently teething troubles on the U.K. car manufacturer's BL assembly line were solved using a computer-aided modelling system. The system is called See-Why and it is a computer program marketed by BL's subsidiary Istel. It was initially devised in conjunction with the University of Warwick U.K. to model the Austin Metro assembly line at Longbridge U.K. before the car's production in 1980. The See-Why system allows a production line to be modelled in advance, any problems spotted and changes made and the effect tested. Its main characteristic is its flexibility, which enables the model to be stopped in mid-run. Istel's Director of Strategic planning believes that this is the only system in the world with such flexibility. Istel's sales for the first quarter of this year have risen above the total sales of $250,000 achieved during the whole of 1983. The company was previously known as BL Systems, and its sole source of revenue is the See-Why modelling system. It has become so successful that it is opening a network of sales offices in the U.S. See-Why costs about £20,000 and it can be adapted to solve a customer's particular problem. Already one major automobile manufacturer is said to have made savings approaching £9m using its facilities. Its applications are not, however, limited to the car industry. It has been used to help in the design of the fourth airport terminal at London's Heathrow. When it was used by ICI at a Scottish Plant that produces chemicals for dyes, it enabled production to be raised by 40%.


The effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on elephantgrass - Napier cv. were evaluated. An incomplete N x K factorial arrangement was studied in randomized block design with three replications with seven N levels (20, 50, 100, 200, 300, 350 and 380 kg/ha) and seven K levels (16, 40, 80, 160, 240, 280 and 304 kg/ha). The fourteen N and K combinations were obtained according to the Box Berard Matrix, increased 3, with an extra point. The elephantgrass - Napier cv. mass production increased 86% in response to N and K fertilizers. The leaf/stem ratio and Mg2+ content negatively decreased as K levels increased. The P and Ca2+ contents decreased as N levels increased , while the crude protein content quadraticly increased by the N and K fertilization. Potassium content increased with K fertilizer but decreased as N fertilizer doses increased. The critical K level was 1.85 dag/kg herbage dry matter.


Padli, 2016 Effect of Brand And Product Quality Consumer Car Buying Decision Against Toyota Rush In Samarinda Syarifah guidance of Mrs. and Mrs. Saida. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of brand image and product quality Buying Decision Against Toyota Rush in Samarinda. Basic theory used marketing management by using multiple linear regression analysis with 30 sample The results of this study as follows: Logistic regression formed is Y = 0.220 + 0.386 X1 + 0,544 X2, Coefficient of regression Brand image and quality of the products is positive, meaning that if there is an increase of variable quality brand image and quality of the product will cause an increase in the consumer's decision to buy a Toyota Rush In Samarinda. The correlation value (R) indicates variables brand image and quality of the products have a strong relationship with the consumer's decision, while the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.817 indicates that the variable of brand image and quality of the product has an effect on the consumer's decision to buy a Toyota Rush In Samarinda (Y) of 81.7% and 18.3% of consumer decisions to buy cars Toyota Rush In Samarinda influenced by other variables not studied. F count> F table and significance of 0.000 <I± = 0.05, which means jointly variables brand image and product quality has a significant influence on the consumer's decision to buy a Toyota Rush In Samarinda Partially indicates that the value of the variable t Brand <t variable quality of the product means that the variable quality of the product compared to the variable dominant brand image to the consumer decision to buy a Toyota Rush In Samarinda   KEYWORDS: Brand Image, Quality Products - Consumer Decision


AbstractWe report the first time-series observations of the short outburst of the proposed intermediate polar HTCam (=RX J0757.0+6306). On2001December 29, we detected the object wasundergoingabrightoutburstat the magnitude of m vis = 12.2. Following this detection, we started international joint observationsthrough VSNET. The light curve showed a gradual decline for the first 0.5 d. Following this short plateauphase, the rate of decline dramatically increased to more than 4 mag d −1 . Within 1.5 d from the outburstdetection, the object almost declined to the quiescent level. During the rapidly declining phase, long-termmodulations with a period of 86 min and strong pulses with a period of 8.6 min were observed. Weconcluded that 86 min and 8.6 min are the orbital period and the spin period of HT Cam, respectively.By the detection of the spin period, we confirmed the IP classification of HT Cam. However, its outburstbehavior rather resembles that of dwarf novae. The discrepancy between the declining rates of the totalflux and the pulse flux strongly suggests that the disk instabilities were taking place during the outburst.Key words: stars: cataclysmic variables — stars: intermediate polars — stars: dwarf novae — stars:individual (HT Cam)1. IntroductionCataclysmic variables consist of a white dwarf primaryand a late-type main-sequence companion star which ismass-losing by the Roche-lobe overflow. The white dwarfaccretes the mass from the secondary through an accre-tion disk in non-magnetic systems. In magnetic systems,however, either the formation of the disk is fully pre-vented, or the inner disk is truncated, depending on themagnetic fields of the white dwarf and the binary param-eters. Within the magnetosphere radius the mass fallsalong the magnetic field toward poles of the white dwarf,where radiations from X-ray to optical emission is origi-nated. Magnetic systems are divided into two classes ofpolars and intermediate polars (IPs). The polars are thesystems with strong fields and a synchronously rotatingwhite dwarf, and are soft X-ray sources. IPs are oneswith weaker fields and an asynchronously rotating whitedwarf, and are hard X-ray sources. Reviews for the mag-netic systems are given by Cropper (1990), Patterson(1994), Warner (1995), and Hellier (1996).There are six IPs in which outbursts are observed:GK Per, EX Hya, XY Ari, DO Dra


In the last few years Agile methodologies appeared as a reaction to traditional software development methodologies. In Agile environment the requirements from the client are always taken in the form of user-stories and prioritization of requirements is done by Moscow method, validate learning and walking skeleton methods. By literature survey it has been observed that these methods are not efficient because they do not consider importance of user-stories by client. In this research work some importance related and effort related factors are considered on the basis of which the prioritization of user-stories is done. Further the feasibility of work has been validated by a case study of Enable Quiz which is a lightweight technical quizzing solution; for companies that hire engineers. The research work will allows the companies to better screen job candidates and assess their internal talent for skills development.


One of the most well known successes of Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) is on Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) problems. In such problems, ILP has proved several times to be capable of constructing expert comprehensible models that help to explain the activity of chemical compounds based on their structure and properties. However, despite its successes on SAR problems, ILP has severe scalability problems that prevent its application on larger datasets. In this paper we present LogCHEM, an ILP based tool for discriminative interactive mining of chemical fragments. LogCHEM tackles ILP's scalability issues in the context of SAR applications. We show that LogCHEM benefits from the flexibility of ILP, both by its ability to quickly extend the original mining model, and by its ability to interface with external tools. Furthermore, we demonstrate that LogCHEM can be used to mine effectively large chemoinformatics datasets, namely several datasets from EPA's DSSTox database and on a dataset based on the DTP AIDS anti-viral screen.


subjects. Usually the vasodilatation lasted for 24 to 60 hours. This is far in excess of that produced by any of the three drugs tried in the same patients. Sometimes, however, the vasodilatation was less well sustained, the blood flow falling to the resting level in six hours or less. It is unlikely that localization of the injected gas to one branch of the main limb artery entirely explains this finding, as there was a generalized distribution of the initial colour changes in the skin of the injected limb on these occasions. The administration of oxygen has been a relatively safe procedure. The injections are made with the patieni horizontal, and the injected limb is held slightly raised to guard against the possibility of gas emboli spreading proximally against the current of arterial blood and causing visceral infarction. The possibility exists that, in patients with degenerative arterial disease, injections may cause local damage to the arterial wall or dislodge material from atheromatous plaques. Care is taken to make each injection at a different site and to use a sharp short-bevel needle, 1 mm. in external diameter, and no such complications have been encountered. Additional precautions include the use of smaller quantities of oxygen than those employed by the Continental authors, and administration at a much slower rate. Hasse et al. (1955) consider that injections should not be given to patients with recent acute thrombotic episodes, and that the method should be used with caution in patients with advanced ischaemic lesions in the feet, since in them the injected oxygen may be sufficient to occlude entirely the few patent vessels. The only complication in the present series occurred in such a case. The patient, a man of 47, suffered from arteriosclerosis and Raynaud's phenomenon with ischaemic changes in the skin of the finger-tips. The resting hand blood flow, despite a warm environment (room temperature 220 C.; plethysmograph temperature 33' C.), was less than 1 ml./100 ml./ minute; after injection the usual sequence of colour changes in the skin was noted, but no rise occurred in blood flow. Next morning the forearm was swollen and tender, and attempts to dorsiflex the wrist caused severe pain. The diagnosis was infarction of an extensor muscle. Gradual resolution occurred over the next four days, and there was no residual loss of power. In view of this experience, intraarterial oxygen was not subsequently given to any case of peripheral vascular disease where the resting blood flow was excessively low, or where a dilator response had not been noted to occur during indirect heating or following the injection of tolazoline intra-arterially. In two cases the foot blood flow was considerably reduced after intrafemoral injections of oxygen and also of the vasodilator drugs. This paradoxical finding is probably due to a " borrowing " phenomenon, all or most of the available blood in the lower limb being short-circuited through the dilated vessels of the thigh and calf. A similar phenomenon has been noted after lumbar sympathectomy in some patients with severe ischaemia of the feet (Freeman, Leeds, and Gardner, 1947). In such cases intra-arterial vasodilator substances of any variety are clearly contraindicated. Clinical trials in France (Lemaire, Loeper, and Housset, 1948) and Germany (Ratschow, personal communication, 1955; Hasse et al., 1955) appear to have established intraarterial oxygen injections as a useful form of therapy in peripheral vascular disease. We hesitate to draw conclusions from our own cases, as our experience in this respect is limited and as the present investigation was designed to obtain objective information concerning the dilator effect of oxygen in patients with peripheral vascular disease rather than to assess its value as a therapeutic agent. However, the present results demonstrate that the vasodilatation induced by in:ra-arterial oxygen injections is much more prolonged than that following injections of potent vasodilator drugs. It is concluded that in those cases of peripheral vascular disease in which administration of vasodilator drugs by intra-arterial injection is indicated oxygen should be used in preference to other dilator substances. Summary The effects of intra-arterial injections of oxygen on the local circulation have been studied in 18 cases of peripheral vascular disease involving upper and lower limbs. In most cases the injections resulted in an increase in blood flow lasting for 24-60 hours. In the same patients injections of tolazoline, hydrallazine, and dilatal caused only relatively transient increases in blood flow. Provided certain precautions are taken, the intraarterial injection of oxygen is a safe procedure. It should not, however, be used in patients with very low resting blood flows or in those with recent occlusion of a major vessel. Occasionally the paradoxical effect of reduction in blood flow through the foot may be observed to follow intrafemoral injection of oxygen, but this effect is also apt to occur with any other potent vasodilator substance. It is concluded that oxygen should be used in preference to other vasodilators in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease by intra-arterial injections.


Obesity is an emerging issue in the care of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the response to TNF-α inhibitors (infliximab and adalimumab) could be influenced by body mass index (BMI) in IBD. Unlike adalimumab (ADA), a recombinant humanised IgG antibody against (TNF-α), the dosing of infliximab (IFX); a monoclonal chimeric antibody is weight-based.

 We identified a cohort of patients with IBD at a single centre, naïve to biologic therapy and stratified them according to their weight and BMI. The primary outcome is the first occurrence of loss of response defined as clinical deterioration requiring hospitalisation, surgery, corticosteroid use, dose escalation or discontinuation of therapy and/or evidence of activity on endoscopy. Patients were followed up for 4 years. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression were used to compare variables.

 There was a total of 104 IBD patients; 51% (n = 53) were males and the median age was 40 years (19–76 years). The majority (n = 89; 85.6 %) had Crohn's disease and the rest (n = 15; 14.4%) were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The median BMI was 24.5 kg/m2 (13.4–41.5 kg/m2). Patients had been diagnosed with IBD for a total median duration of 13 years (1–50 years). The majority of patients were not active smokers (n = 92; 88.5%) with the rest being current smokers (n = 12; 11.5%). Of the 104 patients, there were an equal number of patients in the IFX (n = 52) and ADA (n = 52) groups. There were no differences in the demographics, types of disease and BMI distribution in the two groups.
 In terms of loss of response, type of drug (IFX/ADA) was not found to be a significant risk factor (p = 0.250) along with the type of IBD (p = 0.420), age (p = 0.612) and gender (p = 0.600). However, the duration of disease was a significant factor (p = 0.026). There was a trend of accelerated time to loss of response for patients with BMI ≥30 kg/m2, in ADA group, but not significant (p = 0.314) compared with IFX of the same BMI group (Figure 1). For BMI <30 kg/m2 in both groups, there was no difference in time to loss of response (p = 0.259). However, patients on ADA with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 had a significant loss of response compared with patients on IFX with BMI <30 kg/m2 (adjusted HR 5.6; p = 0.038).

 BMI appears to be important in predicting loss of response in IBD however we found no overall association between increased BMI and accelerated loss of response. Further larger studies are needed to evaluate the relationship of BMI and loss of response to ADA.


We consider a family of holographically dual models of superconductivity to test the robustness of holographic superconductor models in general. Following the treatment of Hartnoll et al. and
Albrecht et al., we introduce the basic holographic model and then
develop a family of similar models by varying a parameter in the
spacetime metric of the holographic theory. We then calculate several observables and compare with actual superconductor observables. This helps determine whether these holographic models actually explain superconductivity or if the agreement between the
theories and experiment is a coincidence.


Summary It would be easy to say that technology is complicating things for reference, but things are more complicated than that. Technology should be a system for solving problems, but for many people, both librarians and users, it is the problem. But in some ways it hides an even older problem-understanding things from the user's point-of-view. Contemporary cognitive and educational theories note that we are not paying enough attention to the user/learner, that we do not understand the mental models of those who use libraries, library systems and reference. As more technology is used and complicates systems for users, we should focus more on what users bring to the reference/learning interaction.


Background: Perioperative pain management reduces patient suffering throughout the surgery process. Patient-controlled analgesia has become a common technique for postoperative pain management, although in some cases, a patient's lack of understanding of the treatment results in a decrease of its efficacy. Therefore, we examined the effects of a pharmacist intervention in acute pain control. Methods: In this study, patients who underwent artificial joint replacement at our orthopedics department between January 2013 and March 2014 were enrolled on a continuous basis. Seventy patients were eligible. The intervention comprised pre- and postoperative instruction on intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) and ensured patients' understanding of the rescue dose administration procedure. We retrospectively investigated whether a pharmacist intervention improved the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores and the length of hospital stays. Results: The mean NRS score on postoperative day 1 was 3.8 ± 2.4 in the non-pharmacist intervention group and 2.3 ± 1.8 in the pharmacist intervention group, indicating a statistically significant difference between groups (p<0.01). The average length of hospital stays was 22.6 ± 6.2 days and 22.3 ± 6.0 days in the non-pharmacist intervention group and the pharmacist intervention group, respectively; however, this was not a statistically significant difference (p=0.44). Conclusion: Interventional education provided by pharmacists during the perioperative acute pain control phase improved patient understanding of IV-PCA usage and reduced NRS scores during the most painful postoperative period.


In an earlier paper* of this series it was shown that cholesterol is not excreted in the feces of herbivorous animals, and that when rabbits are fed on a diet free from phytosterol but containing measured quantities of cholesterol, a portion of the latter substance is absorbed. The hypothesis was put forward that cholesterol is a substance which is strictly conserved in the animal economy; that when the destruction of the red blood corpuscles and possibly other cells takes place in the liver, their cholesterol is excreted in the bile, and that the cholesterol of the bile is reabsorbed in the intestine along with the bile salts, and finds its way into the blood stream to be used in cell-anabolism. I t was also suggested that any waste of cholesterol might possibly be made up from that taken in with the food. In order to test this view, comparative estimations were made of the total cholesterol content of the blood of rabbits that had been respectively fed on bran which had previously been thoroughly extracted with ether, and on the same extracted bran with the addition of known amounts of cholesterol, care being taken that the animals were otherwise identically treated and were kept in good health. The results of the experiments showed that some, at any rate, of the cholesterol absorbed found its way into the blood stream. It seemed to us desirable to ascertain next whether the cholesterol was absorbed into the blood stream as such or in the form of esters or in both states, and also whether the phytosterol of vegetable food can be utilised for the formation of cholesterol in the organism. Owing to the small percentage of these substances in the blood, it did not seem probable that the chemical methods hitherto available for their estimation were sufficiently accurate to give reliable information unless in each experiment a larger number of animals was taken than we could conveniently attend to. It seemed iikely, however, that a comparative study of the inhibitory effects of the sera of rabbits fed


This article analyzes the guiding effect of projective geometry by illustrating examples from four aspects.This analysis is significant in the teaching and study of projective geometry,and the teaching of middle school geometry.


Character information is Standardized in electronic docu ments. By comparing a font used in an electronic document and a font within a target font set to be provided as a replacement font, a font comparison table referred to during actual font replacement is automatically generated. The font comparison table is presented to the user, in order for the user to amend errors in the comparison table. The font in the electronic document is replaced based on the amended font comparison table.